NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC. - Quarter Report: 2023 March (Form 10-Q)

10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File Number: 000-50478

NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)


Delaware		23-3083125
(State of Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

545 E. John Carpenter Freeway, Suite 700, Irving, Texas		75062
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)

(972) 373-8800

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading

Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock

NXST

NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that it was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 8, 2023, the registrant had 35,856,653 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


				Page
PART I		FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.		Financial Statements (Unaudited)

		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022		3

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022		4

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022		5

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022		6

		Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
	Note 1: Organization and Business Operations		7
	Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies		7
	Note 3: Intangible Assets and Goodwill		10
	Note 4: Investments		11
	Note 5: Accrued Expenses		12
	Note 6: Retirement and Post Retirement Plans		12
	Note 7: Debt		13
	Note 8: Leases		14
	Note 9: Fair Value Measurements		15
	Note 10: Common Stock		15
	Note 11: Income Taxes		16
	Note 12: FCC Regulatory Matters		16
	Note 13: Commitments and Contingencies		17
	Note 14: Segment Data		20
	Note 15: Subsequent Events		21
ITEM 2.		Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		22

ITEM 3.		Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		31

ITEM 4.		Controls and Procedures		31

PART II		OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.		Legal Proceedings		32

ITEM 1A.		Risk Factors		32

ITEM 2.		Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		32

ITEM 3.		Defaults Upon Senior Securities		32

ITEM 4.		Mine Safety Disclosures		32

ITEM 5.		Other Information		32

ITEM 6.		Exhibits		33

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in millions, except for share and per share information, unaudited)


	March 31,			December 31,
	2023			2022
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	413		$	204
Restricted cash and cash equivalents		14			16
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $19 and $18, respectively		1,008			1,080
Broadcast rights		183			194
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		80			121
Total current assets		1,698			1,615
Property and equipment, net		1,256			1,262
Goodwill		2,961			2,961
FCC licenses		2,910			2,910
Network affiliation agreements, net		1,824			1,871
Other intangible assets, net		537			563
Investments		919			1,119
Other noncurrent assets, net		359			378
Total assets(1)	$	12,464		$	12,679
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERSʼ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	124		$	124
Accounts payable		207			198
Broadcast rights payable		128			151
Accrued expenses		305			319
Operating lease liabilities		50			50
Other current liabilities		50			51
Total current liabilities		864			893
Debt		6,799			6,827
Deferred tax liabilities		1,593			1,606
Other noncurrent liabilities		555			584
Total liabilities(1)		9,811			9,910
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholdersʼ equity:
Preferred stock - $0.01 par value, 200,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding at each of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022		-			-
Common stock - $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized; 47,282,823 shares issued, 35,983,561 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and 47,282,823 shares issued, 36,810,186 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022		-			-
Additional paid-in capital		1,275			1,288
Accumulated other comprehensive income		27			27
Retained earnings		3,094			3,033
Treasury stock - at cost; 11,299,262 and 10,472,637 shares as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively		(1,772	)		(1,607	)
Total Nexstar Media Group, Inc. stockholdersʼ equity		2,624			2,741
Noncontrolling interests		29			28
Total stockholdersʼ equity		2,653			2,769
Total liabilities and stockholdersʼ equity	$	12,464		$	12,679

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

(1)

The condensed consolidated total assets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 include certain assets held by consolidated VIEs of $302 million and $304 million, respectively, which are not available to be used to settle the obligations of Nexstar. The condensed consolidated total liabilities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 include certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs of $153 million and $148 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of Nexstar. See Note 2 for additional information.

NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in millions, except per share information, unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Net revenue	$	1,257		$	1,210
Operating expenses (income):
Direct operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization		538			490
Selling, general and administrative expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization		266			248
Depreciation and amortization expense		249			145
Other		-			(2	)
Total operating expenses		1,053			881
Income from operations		204			329
Income from equity method investments, net		25			38
Interest expense, net		(107	)		(69	)
Pension and other postretirement plans credit, net		9			11
Other expenses, net		(1	)		(5	)
Income before income taxes		130			304
Income tax expense		(42	)		(52	)
Net income		88			252
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		23			-
Net income attributable to Nexstar Media Group, Inc.	$	111		$	252

Net income per common share attributable to Nexstar Media Group, Inc.:
Basic	$	3.03		$	6.15
Diluted	$	2.97		$	5.99

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic (in thousands)		36,718			40,945
Diluted (in thousands)		37,448			41,984

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

(in millions, except for share and per share information, unaudited)


											Accumulated
					Additional						Other											Total
	Common Stock				Paid-In			Retained			Comprehensive		Treasury Stock						Noncontrolling			Stockholdersʼ
	Shares		Amount		Capital			Earnings			Income		Shares			Amount			interests			Equity
Balances as of December 31, 2022		47,282,823	$	-	$	1,288		$	3,033		$	27		(10,472,637	)	$	(1,607	)	$	28		$	2,769
Purchase of treasury stock		-		-		-			-			-		(1,019,940	)		(176	)		-			(176	)
Stock-based compensation expense		-		-		14			-			-		-			-			-			14
Vesting of restricted stock units and exercise of stock options		-		-		(27	)		-			-		193,315			11			-			(16	)
Dividends declared on common stock ($1.35 per share)		-		-		-			(50	)		-		-			-			-			(50	)
Contribution from noncontrolling interests		-		-		-			-			-		-			-			24			24
Net income (loss)		-		-		-			111			-		-			-			(23	)		88
Balances as of March 31, 2023		47,282,823	$	-	$	1,275		$	3,094		$	27		(11,299,262	)	$	(1,772	)	$	29		$	2,653

Balances as of December 31, 2021		47,291,463	$	-	$	1,311		$	2,204		$	141		(6,534,034	)	$	(807	)	$	7		$	2,856
Purchase of treasury stock		-		-		-			-			-		(917,923	)		(158	)		-			(158	)
Stock-based compensation expense		-		-		13			-			-		-			-			-			13
Vesting of restricted stock units and exercise of stock options		-		-		(55	)		-			-		796,198			51			-			(4	)
Dividends declared on common stock ($0.90 per share)		-		-		-			(37	)		-		-			-			-			(37	)
Other		-		-		-			-			-		-			-			(1	)		(1	)
Net income (loss)		-		-		-			252			-		-			-			-			252
Balances as of March 31, 2022		47,291,463	$	-	$	1,269		$	2,419		$	141		(6,655,759	)	$	(914	)	$	6		$	2,921

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions, unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	88		$	252
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense		249			145
Stock-based compensation expense		14			13
Deferred income taxes		(13	)		(8	)
Payments for broadcast rights		(142	)		(33	)
Income from equity method investments, net		(25	)		(38	)
Distribution from equity method investments - return on capital		226			193
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable		72			4
Prepaid and other current assets		(11	)		1
Accounts payable		19			(21	)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(24	)		(38	)
Income tax payable		52			57
Other noncurrent liabilities		(13	)		(14	)
Other		2			6
Net cash provided by operating activities		494			519
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(36	)		(29	)
Other investing activities, net		-			7
Net cash used in investing activities		(36	)		(22	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments of long-term debt		(31	)		(160	)
Purchase of treasury stock		(176	)		(158	)
Common stock dividends paid		(50	)		(37	)
Contribution from noncontrolling interests		24			-
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes		(15	)		(10	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		-			6
Other financing activities, net		(3	)		(3	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(251	)		(362	)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		207			135
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		220			207
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	427		$	342
Supplemental information:
Interest paid	$	107		$	78
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued and noncash purchases of property and equipment	$	15		$	5
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$	4		$	21

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1: Organization and Business Operations

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, “Nexstar” refers to Nexstar Media Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries; the “Company” refers to Nexstar and the variable interest entities (“VIEs”) required to be consolidated in our financial statements under authoritative guidance related to the consolidation of VIEs; and all references to “we,” “our,” “ours,” and “us” refer to Nexstar.

Nexstar is a leading diversified media company with television broadcasting, television network and digital media assets operating in the United States. As of March 31, 2023, we owned, operated, programmed or provided sales and other services to 199 full power television stations and one AM radio station, including those television stations owned by VIEs, in 116 markets in 39 states and the District of Columbia. The stations are affiliates of CBS, FOX, NBC, ABC, The CW, MyNetworkTV, and other broadcast television networks. As of March 31, 2023, Nexstar’s stations reached approximately 39% of all U.S. television households (after applying the Federal Communications Commission’s (“FCC”) ultra-high frequency (“UHF”) discount). Through various local service agreements, we provided sales, programming, and other services to 35 television stations owned by consolidated VIEs and one television station owned by an unconsolidated VIE. Nexstar also owns a 75.0% ownership in The CW Network, LLC, the fifth major broadcast network in the U.S. (“The CW”), NewsNation, a national cable news network, two digital multicast networks, Antenna TV and Rewind TV, multicast network services provided to third parties, and a 31.3% ownership stake in Television Food Network, G.P. (“TV Food Network”). Our digital assets include more than 140 local websites and 280 mobile applications, 22 connected television applications, six free ad-supported television channels representing products of our local television stations, The CW, NewsNationNow, The Hill and BestReviews, and a suite of advertiser solutions.

Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Nexstar, subsidiaries consolidated through voting interests and the accounts of VIEs for which we are the primary beneficiary (see “Variable Interest Entities” section below). Noncontrolling interests represent the minority owners’ share in profit or loss and equity of The CW and the VIE owners’ share in profit or loss and equity in the consolidated VIEs. Noncontrolling interests are presented as a component separate from Nexstar’s stockholders’ equity in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity. All intercompany account balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Nexstar management evaluates each arrangement that may include variable interests and determines the need to consolidate an entity where it determines Nexstar is the primary beneficiary of a VIE in accordance with related authoritative literature and interpretive guidance.

Interim Financial Statements

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31, 2023 and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 are unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, such financial statements include all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for the fair statement of the financial information included herein in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. Estimates are used for, but are not limited to, allowance for credit losses, valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, distribution revenue recognized, income taxes, the recoverability of goodwill, FCC licenses and long-lived assets, the recoverability of investments, the recoverability of broadcast rights and the useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets. As of March 31, 2023, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to its estimates or judgments or revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities. However, these estimates and judgments may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained, which may result in changes being recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates and any such differences may have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in Nexstar’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 has been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.

Variable Interest Entities

Nexstar may determine that an entity is a VIE as a result of local service agreements entered into with that entity. The term local service agreement generally refers to a contract whereby the owner-operator of a television station contracts with a third party (typically another television station owner-operator) to provide it with administrative, sales and other services required for the operation of its station. Nevertheless, the owner-operator of each station retains control of and responsibility for the operation of its station, including ultimate responsibility over all programming broadcast on its station. A local service agreement can be (i) a time brokerage agreement (“TBA”) or a local marketing agreement (“LMA”) which allows Nexstar to program most of a station’s broadcast time, sell the station’s advertising time and retain the advertising revenue generated in exchange for monthly payments, based on the station’s monthly operating expenses, (ii) a shared services agreement (“SSA”) which allows Nexstar to provide services to a station including news production, technical maintenance and security, in exchange for Nexstar’s right to receive certain payments as described in the SSA, or (iii) a joint sales agreement (“JSA”) which permits Nexstar to sell certain of a station’s advertising time and retain a percentage of the related revenue, as described in the JSA.

Consolidated VIEs

Nexstar consolidates entities in which it is deemed under U.S. GAAP to have controlling financial interests for financial reporting purposes as a result of (i) local service agreements Nexstar has with the stations owned by these entities, (ii) Nexstar’s (excluding The CW) guarantee of the obligations incurred under Mission Broadcasting, Inc.’s (“Mission”) senior secured credit facility (see Note 7), (iii) Nexstar having power over significant activities affecting these VIEs’ economic performance, including budgeting for advertising revenue, certain advertising sales and hiring and firing of sales force personnel and (iv) purchase options granted by each consolidated VIE which permit Nexstar to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of these VIEs’ stations, subject to FCC consent.

The following table summarizes the various local service agreements Nexstar had in effect as of March 31, 2023 with its consolidated VIEs:


Owner	Service Agreements	Full Power Stations
Mission	TBA	WFXP, KHMT and KFQX
	SSA & JSA	KJTL, KLRT, KASN, KOLR, KCIT, KAMC, KRBC, KSAN, WUTR, WAWV, WYOU, KODE, WTVO, KTVE, WTVW, WVNY, WXXA, WLAJ, KMSS, KPEJ, KLJB, KASY, KWBQ and KRWB
	LMA	WNAC and WPIX
White Knight Broadcasting (“White Knight”)	SSA & JSA	WVLA and KFXK
Vaughan Media, LLC (“Vaughan”)	SSA & JSA	WBDT, WYTV and KTKA
	LMA	KNVA

Nexstar’s ability to receive cash from the consolidated VIEs is governed by the local service agreements. Under these agreements, Nexstar has received substantially all of the consolidated VIEs’ available cash, after satisfaction of operating costs and debt obligations. Nexstar anticipates it will continue to receive substantially all of the consolidated VIEs’ available cash, after satisfaction of operating costs and debt obligations. In compliance with FCC regulations for all the parties, each VIE maintains complete responsibility for and control over programming, finances, personnel and operations of its stations.

The carrying amounts and classification of the assets and liabilities, excluding intercompany amounts, of the VIEs which have been included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows (in millions):


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	6	$	6
Accounts receivable, net		19		26
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		11		6
Total current assets		36		38
Property and equipment, net		60		59
Goodwill		151		151
FCC licenses		200		200
Network affiliation agreements, net		74		76
Other noncurrent assets, net		72		80
Total assets	$	593	$	604

Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	3	$	3
Other current liabilities		39		30
Total current liabilities		42		33
Debt		352		353
Deferred tax liabilities		35		35
Other noncurrent liabilities		81		85
Total liabilities	$	510	$	506

The following are assets of consolidated VIEs, excluding intercompany amounts, that are not available to settle the obligations of Nexstar and the liabilities of consolidated VIEs, excluding intercompany amounts, for which their creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of Nexstar (in millions):


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current assets	$	4	$	4
Property and equipment, net		11		11
Goodwill		62		62
FCC licenses		200		200
Network affiliation agreements, net		24		26
Other noncurrent assets, net		1		1
Total assets	$	302	$	304

Current liabilities	$	37	$	28
Noncurrent liabilities		116		120
Total liabilities	$	153	$	148

Non-Consolidated VIE

Nexstar has an outsourcing agreement with Cunningham Broadcasting Corporation (“Cunningham”) which continues through December 31, 2023. Under the outsourcing agreement, Nexstar provides certain engineering, production, sales and administrative services for WYZZ, the FOX affiliate in the Peoria, Illinois market, through WMBD, the Nexstar television station in that market. During the term of the outsourcing agreement, Nexstar retains the broadcasting revenue and related expenses of WYZZ and is obligated to pay a monthly fee to Cunningham based on the combined operating cash flow of WMBD and WYZZ, as defined in the agreement. Nexstar has determined that it has a variable interest in WYZZ. Nexstar has also evaluated its arrangement with Cunningham and has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of the variable interest in this station because it does not have the ultimate power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the station’s economic performance, including developing the annual operating budget, programming and oversight and control of sales management personnel. Therefore, Nexstar has not consolidated WYZZ under authoritative guidance related to the consolidation of VIEs. There were no significant transactions arising from Nexstar’s outsourcing agreement with Cunningham. Cunningham does not guarantee Nexstar’s debt.

Basis of Presentation

Certain prior year financial statement amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity as previously reported.

Income Per Share

Basic income per share is computed by dividing the net income attributable to Nexstar by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares are calculated using the treasury stock method. They consist of stock options and restricted stock units outstanding during the period and reflect the potential dilution that could occur if common shares were issued upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units. The following table shows the amounts used in computing Nexstar’s diluted shares (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic		36,718		40,945
Dilutive effect of equity incentive plan instruments		730		1,039
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted		37,448		41,984

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, no stock options and restricted stock units were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

New Accounting Standards Adopted

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers” (“ASU 2021-08”). The amendments in ASU 2021-08 require that an entity (acquirer) recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606. At the acquisition date, an acquirer should account for the related revenue contracts in accordance with Topic 606 as if it had originated the contracts. The accounting update also provides certain practical expedients for acquirers when recognizing and measuring acquired contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts in a business combination. ASU 2021-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this accounting update for interim periods and fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2023 and the adoption did not impact its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Note 3: Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The Company’s definite-lived intangible assets consisted of the following (dollars in millions):


	Estimated	March 31, 2023							December 31, 2022
	useful life,			Accumulated							Accumulated
	in years	Gross		Amortization			Net		Gross		Amortization			Net
Network affiliation agreements	15	$	3,125	$	(1,301	)	$	1,824	$	3,125	$	(1,254	)	$	1,871
Other definite-lived intangible assets	1-20		1,081		(544	)		537		1,077		(514	)		563
Definite-lived intangible assets		$	4,206	$	(1,845	)	$	2,361	$	4,202	$	(1,768	)	$	2,434

The following table presents the Company’s estimate of amortization expense for the remainder of 2023, each of the five succeeding years ended December 31 and thereafter for definite-lived intangible assets as of March 31, 2023 (in millions):


Remainder of 2023	$	226
2024		294
2025		289
2026		265
2027		252
2028		238
Thereafter		797
	$	2,361

The amounts recorded to goodwill and FCC licenses were as follows (in millions):


	Goodwill							FCC Licenses
			Accumulated							Accumulated
	Gross		Impairment			Net		Gross		Impairment			Net
Balances as of December 31, 2022	$	3,141	$	(180	)	$	2,961	$	2,958	$	(48	)	$	2,910
Balances as of March 31, 2023	$	3,141	$	(180	)	$	2,961	$	2,958	$	(48	)	$	2,910

Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization but are tested for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that such assets might be impaired. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company did not identify events that would trigger impairment assessments.

Note 4: Investments

Investments in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of the following (in millions):


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Equity method investments	$	916	$	1,115
Other equity investments		3		4
Total investments	$	919	$	1,119

Equity Method Investments

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company received cash distributions from its equity method investments, primarily from its investment in TV Food Network, as discussed below.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the income from equity method investments, net reported in the Company’s unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations consisted of the following (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022
Income from equity method investments, net, before amortization of basis difference	$	43		$	56
Amortization of basis difference		(18	)		(18	)
Income from equity method investments, net	$	25		$	38

At acquisition date, the Company measured its estimated share of the differences between the estimated fair values and carrying values (the “basis difference”) of the investees’ tangible assets and amortizable intangible assets had the fair value of the investments been allocated to the identifiable assets of the investees in accordance with ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations.” Additionally, the Company measured its estimated share of the basis difference attributable to investees’ goodwill. The Company amortizes its share of the basis differences attributable to tangible assets and intangible long-lived assets of investees, including TV Food Network, and records the amortization (the “amortization of basis difference”) as a reduction of income from equity method investments, net in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s share in these basis differences and related amortization is primarily attributable to its investment in TV Food Network (discussed in more detail below).

Investment in TV Food Network

Nexstar acquired its 31.3% equity investment in TV Food Network through its acquisition of Tribune Media Company (“Tribune”) on September 19, 2019. Nexstar’s partner in TV Food Network is Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc., (“WBD”), which owns a 68.7% interest in TV Food Network and operates the network on behalf of the partnership.

TV Food Network operates two 24-hour television networks, Food Network and Cooking Channel, offering quality television, video, internet and mobile entertainment and information focusing on food and entertaining.

The partnership agreement governing TV Food Network provides that the partnership shall, unless certain actions are taken by the partners, dissolve and commence winding up and liquidating TV Food Network upon the first to occur of certain enumerated liquidating events, one of which is a specified date of December 31, 2023. Nexstar intends to renew its partnership agreement with WBD for TV Food Network before expiration. In the event of a liquidation, Nexstar would be entitled to its proportionate share of distributions to partners, which the partnership agreement provides would occur as promptly as is consistent with obtaining fair market value for the assets of TV Food Network. The partnership agreement also provides that the partnership may be continued or reconstituted in certain circumstances.

As of March 31, 2023, Nexstar’s investment in TV Food Network had a book value of $899 million, compared to $1,099 million as of December 31, 2022.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Nexstar had a remaining share in amortizable basis difference of $449 million and $467 million, respectively, related to its investment in TV Food Network. The remaining amortizable basis difference as of March 31, 2023 had a remaining useful life of approximately 6.5 years. As of March 31, 2023, Nexstar’s share in the basis difference related to the investee’s goodwill was $500 million (no change in 2023).

Nexstar had the following transactions related to its investment in TV Food Network during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively:

•

received cash distributions totaling $225 million and $193 million,

•

recognized share in TV Food Network’s net income of $43 million and $56 million, and

•

recorded amortization of basis difference (expense) of $18 million each in both periods.

Summarized financial information for TV Food Network is as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net revenue	$	285	$	324
Costs and expenses		152		146
Income from operations		133		178
Net income		138		179
Net income attributable to Nexstar Media Group, Inc.		43		56

Note 5: Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in millions):


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Compensation and related taxes	$	78	$	113
Interest payable		53		56
Network affiliation fees		82		50
Other		92		100
	$	305	$	319

Note 6: Retirement and Postretirement Plans

Nexstar has various funded, qualified non-contributory defined benefit retirement plans which cover certain employees and former employees. All of these retirement plans are frozen in terms of pay and service, except for a plan with immaterial pension benefit obligations. Nexstar also has various retiree medical savings account plans which reimburse eligible retired employees for certain medical expenses and unfunded plans that provide certain health and life insurance benefits to certain retired employees.

The following tables provide the components of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for Nexstar’s pension and other postretirement benefit plans (“OPEB”) (in millions):


	Pension Benefit Plans						OPEB
	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022			2023		2022
Interest cost	$	21		$	12		$	-	$	-
Expected return on plan assets		(28	)		(23	)		-		-
Amortization of net gain		(2	)		-			-		-
Net periodic benefit credit	$	(9	)	$	(11	)	$	-	$	-

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, Nexstar did not make contributions to its qualified pension benefit plans. Nexstar does not anticipate it will be required to make contributions to such pension benefit plans in 2023.

Note 7: Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following (dollars in millions):


	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Nexstar
Term Loan A, due June 2027	$	2,334		$	2,364
Term Loan B, due September 2026		1,561			1,561
5.625% Notes, due July 2027		1,714			1,714
4.75% Notes, due November 2028		1,000			1,000
Mission
Term Loan B, due June 2028		295			296
Revolving loans, due June 2027		62			62
Total outstanding principal		6,966			6,997
Less: unamortized financing costs and discount – Nexstar Term Loan A, due June 2027		(8	)		(8	)
Less: unamortized financing costs and discount – Nexstar Term Loan B, due September 2026		(31	)		(33	)
Add: unamortized premium, net of financing costs – Nexstar 5.625% Notes, due July 2027		4			4
Less: unamortized financing costs and discount – Nexstar 4.75% Notes, due November 2028		(6	)		(7	)
Less: unamortized financing costs and discount – Mission Term Loan B, due June 2028		(2	)		(2	)
Total outstanding debt		6,923			6,951
Less: current portion		(124	)		(124	)
Long-term debt, net of current portion	$	6,799		$	6,827

Nexstar’s outstanding term loans are governed by Nexstar credit agreement and Mission’s outstanding term loans and revolving loans are governed by Mission credit agreement (also herein referred to as senior secured credit facility). Nexstar’s senior unsecured notes are governed by the indentures.

2023 Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, Nexstar repaid scheduled principal maturities of $30 million of its term loans.

Unused Commitments and Borrowing Availability

The Company had $529 million (net of outstanding standby letters of credit of $20 million) and $14 million of unused revolving loan commitments under the respective Nexstar and Mission senior secured credit facilities, all of which were available for borrowing, based on the covenant calculations as of March 31, 2023. The Company’s ability to access funds under its senior secured credit facilities depends, in part, on its compliance with certain financial covenants. As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with its financial covenants.

Collateralization and Guarantees of Debt

The Company’s senior secured credit facilities described above are collateralized by a security interest in substantially all the combined assets, excluding FCC licenses, the other assets of consolidated VIEs unavailable to creditors of Nexstar (see Note 2) and the assets of The CW. Nexstar (excluding The CW) guarantees full payment of all obligations incurred under the Mission senior secured credit facility in the event of Mission’s default. Mission is a guarantor of Nexstar’s senior secured credit facility, Nexstar’s 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and Nexstar’s 4.75% Notes, due November 2028.

In consideration of Nexstar’s guarantee of the Mission senior secured credit facility, Mission has granted Nexstar purchase options to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of each Mission station, subject to FCC consent. These option agreements, which expire on various dates between 2023 and 2033, are freely exercisable or assignable by Nexstar without consent or approval by Mission. The Company expects these option agreements to be renewed upon expiration.

Debt Covenants

The Nexstar credit agreement (senior secured credit facility) contains a covenant which requires Nexstar to comply with a maximum consolidated first lien net leverage ratio of 4.25 to 1.00. The financial covenant, which is formally calculated on a quarterly basis, is based on the combined results of the Company, excluding the operating results of The CW, which Nexstar designated as an unrestricted subsidiary under its credit agreements and indentures. The Mission amended credit agreement does not contain financial covenant ratio requirements but does provide for default in the event Nexstar does not comply with all covenants contained in its credit agreement. As of March 31, 2023, Nexstar was in compliance with its financial covenants.

Note 8: Leases

The Company as a Lessee

The Company has operating leases for office spaces, tower facilities, antenna sites, studios and other real estate properties and equipment. The operating leases have remaining lease terms of one to 91 years, some of which may include options to extend the leases from 2 years to 99 years, and some of which may include options to terminate the leases within one year. Lease contracts that the Company has executed but which have not yet commenced as of March 31, 2023 were not material.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases were as follows (in millions, except lease term and discount rate):


	Balance Sheet Classification	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	Other noncurrent assets, net	$	273		$	288
Current operating lease liabilities	Operating lease liabilities	$	50		$	50
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	Other noncurrent liabilities	$	229		$	238

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term of Operating leases		8 years			8 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate of Operating leases			5.1	%		5.1	%

Operating lease expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $16 million, of which $7 million and $9 million were included in Direct operating and Selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, excluding depreciation and amortization, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Operating lease expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $15 million, of which $7 million and $8 million were included in Direct operating and Selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, excluding depreciation and amortization, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Cash paid for operating leases included in the operating cash flows was $16 million and $14 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of March 31, 2023 were as follows (in millions):


	Operating Leases
Remainder of 2023	$	47
2024		59
2025		45
2026		36
2027		26
2028		23
Thereafter		113
Total future minimum lease payments		349
Less: imputed interest		(70	)
Total	$	279

Note 9: Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures and records in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements certain assets and liabilities at fair value. ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures,” establishes a fair value hierarchy for instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). This hierarchy consists of the following three levels:

•

Level 1 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market.

•

Level 2 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on inputs other than those included in Level 1, including quoted market prices in markets that are not active; quoted prices of assets or liabilities with similar attributes in active markets; and valuation models whose inputs are observable or unobservable but corroborated by market data.

•

Level 3 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on valuation models or pricing techniques that utilize unobservable inputs that are significant to the overall fair value measurement.

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, broadcast rights payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Estimated fair values and carrying amounts of the Company’s long-term debt that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (dollars in millions):


	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
	Amount		Value		Amount		Value
Nexstar
Term Loan A, due June 2027(1)	$	2,326	$	2,293	$	2,356	$	2,275
Term Loan B, due September 2026(1)		1,530		1,559		1,528		1,555
5.625% Notes, due July 2027(2)		1,718		1,572		1,718		1,620
4.75% Notes, due November 2028(2)		994		873		993		880
Mission
Term Loan B, due June 2028(1)		293		295		294		291
Revolving loans due June 2027(1)		62		61		62		60

(1)

The fair value of senior secured and revolving credit facilities is computed based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for bank loans with similar terms and average maturities. These fair value measurements are considered Level 3, as significant inputs to the fair value calculation are unobservable in the market.

(2)

The fair value of the Company’s fixed rate debt is estimated based on bid prices obtained from an investment banking firm that regularly makes a market for these financial instruments. These fair value measurements are considered Level 2, as quoted market prices are available for low volume trading of these securities.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no events or changes in circumstance that triggered an impairment to the Company’s significant assets, including equity method investments, indefinite-lived intangible assets, long-lived assets and goodwill. See Notes 3 and 4 for additional information.

Note 10: Common Stock

On July 27, 2022, Nexstar’s board of directors approved a new share repurchase program authorizing Nexstar to repurchase up to an additional $1.5 billion of its common stock, of which $1.258 billion of capacity remained available as of December 31, 2022. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, Nexstar repurchased a total of 1,019,940 shares of its common stock for $175 million, funded by cash on hand, which were accounted for as treasury cost. As of March 31, 2023, the remaining available amount under the share repurchase authorization was $1.083 billion.

Share repurchases may be made from time to time in open market transactions, block trades or private transactions. There is no minimum number of shares that Nexstar is required to repurchase and the repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.

On January 27, 2023, Nexstar’s board of directors approved a 50% increase in its quarterly cash dividend to $1.35 per share of outstanding common stock beginning with the first quarter of 2023.

Note 11: Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $42 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $52 million for the same period in 2022. The effective tax rates were 32.3% and 17.1% for each of the respective periods.

Nexstar reported a decrease in income tax benefit of $25 million attributable to excess benefit on stock options and restricted stock units exercised in 2022. This resulted in a 7.5% increase to the effective tax rate in 2023 compared to 2022. Changes in the valuation allowance resulted in an incremental income tax expense of $6 million, or a 4.3% increase to the effective tax rate in 2023. Other permanent differences including an adjustment for losses related to the minority interest in The CW resulted in a 2.4% increase to the effective rate.

The Company calculates its year-to-date provision for income taxes by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to year-to-date pre-tax income or loss and adjusts the provision for discrete tax items recorded in the period. Future changes in the forecasted annual income projections could result in significant adjustments to quarterly income tax expense in future periods.

Note 12: FCC Regulatory Matters

Television broadcasting is subject to the jurisdiction of the FCC under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the “Communications Act”). The Communications Act prohibits the operation of television broadcasting stations except under a license issued by the FCC and empowers the FCC, among other things, to issue, revoke and modify broadcasting licenses, determine the location of television stations, regulate the equipment used by television stations, adopt regulations to carry out the provisions of the Communications Act and impose penalties for the violation of such regulations. The FCC’s ongoing rule making proceedings could have a significant future impact on the television industry and on the operation of the Company’s stations and the stations to which it provides services. In addition, the U.S. Congress may act to amend the Communications Act or adopt other legislation in a manner that could impact the Company’s stations, the stations to which it provides services and the television broadcast industry in general.

Media Ownership

FCC rules limit the Company’s ownership of television stations in local markets and nationally and govern certain local service agreements between Nexstar and third parties. In general, FCC rules prohibit Nexstar from owning two of the top four stations in a market in terms of audience share (unless a case-by-case exception is granted) and from owning stations that reach more than 39% of U.S. television households (as calculated using a prescribed FCC methodology). Nexstar is also prohibited from providing more than 15 percent of the programming of a non-owned television station through a TBA or LMA if Nexstar also owns a station in the same market, unless the applicable TBA or LMA was entered into prior to November 5, 1996.

The FCC is required to review its media ownership rules every four years and to eliminate those rules it finds no longer “necessary in the public interest as a result of competition.” The FCC’s two most recent quadrennial reviews—those for 2010 and 2014—were eventually consolidated into a single proceeding that involved extensive litigation, an agency reconsideration and multiple court appeals, culminating in an April 1, 2021 decision by the U.S. Supreme Court which upheld the FCC’s elimination or relaxation of several rules. The 2018 quadrennial review, which the FCC commenced in December 2018, remains pending, and the FCC has solicited and received comments to update the record of that proceeding in the wake of the Supreme Court’s decision. Notwithstanding the pendency of the 2018 review, in December 2022 the FCC commenced its 2022 quadrennial review proceeding. Public comments in that proceeding were filed in March 2023. Additionally, the FCC has an open proceeding to review the national television station ownership limit. Thus, the media ownership rules are subject to change as a result of current and future quadrennial reviews and in other proceedings.

Retransmission Consent

Broadcasters may obtain carriage of their stations’ signals on cable, satellite and other multichannel video programming distributors (“MVPDs”) through either mandatory carriage or through “retransmission consent.” Every three years all stations must formally elect either mandatory carriage or retransmission consent. The next election must be made by October 1, 2023 and will be effective January 1, 2024. Must-carry elections require that the MVPD carry one station programming stream and related data in the station’s local market. However, MVPDs may decline a must-carry election in certain circumstances. MVPDs do not pay a fee to stations that elect mandatory carriage.

A broadcaster that elects retransmission consent waives its mandatory carriage rights, and the broadcaster and the MVPD must negotiate for carriage of the station’s signal. Negotiated terms may include channel position, service tier carriage, carriage of multiple program streams, compensation and other consideration. If a broadcaster elects to negotiate retransmission terms, it is possible that the broadcaster and the MVPD will not reach agreement and that the MVPD will not carry the station’s signal.

FCC rules and federal statutory law require retransmission consent negotiations to be conducted in “good faith.” It is a per se violation of the duty to negotiate in good faith for a television broadcast station to negotiate retransmission consent jointly with another station in the same market if the stations are not commonly owned. Accordingly, the VIEs with which we have sharing agreements must separately negotiate their retransmission consent agreements with MVPDs for stations in markets where we also own a station.

MVPD operators have actively sought to change the regulations under which retransmission consent is negotiated before both the U.S. Congress and the FCC in order to increase their bargaining leverage with television stations. There are still-open FCC proceedings to review the “totality of the circumstances” test for good faith retransmission consent negotiations, and to eliminate or modify the FCC’s non-duplication and syndicated exclusivity rules (which could permit MVPDs to import out-of-market television stations in certain circumstances).

Certain online video distributors (“OVDs”) have successfully or unsuccessfully sought to stream broadcast programming over the internet. In 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court held that an OVD’s retransmissions of broadcast television signals without the consent of the broadcast station violate federal copyright law. In December 2014, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking proposing to interpret the term “MVPD” to encompass OVDs that make available for purchase multiple streams of video programming distributed at a prescheduled time and seeking comment on the effects of applying MVPD rules to such OVDs. The proceeding remains open. Although the FCC has not classified OVDs as MVPDs to date, various OVDs have signed agreements for retransmission of local stations within their markets, and others are actively seeking to negotiate such agreements.

Note 13: Commitments and Contingencies

Guarantee of Mission Debt

Nexstar (excluding The CW) guarantees full payment of all obligations incurred under the Mission senior secured credit facility. In the event that Mission is unable to repay amounts due, Nexstar will be obligated to repay such amounts. The maximum potential amount of future payments that Nexstar would be required to make under this guarantee would be generally limited to the outstanding principal amounts. As of March 31, 2023, Mission had a maximum commitment of $371 million under its amended credit agreement, of which $357 million principal balance of debt was outstanding.

Indemnification Obligations

In connection with certain agreements that the Company enters into in the normal course of its business, including local service agreements, business acquisitions and borrowing arrangements, the Company enters into contractual arrangements under which the Company agrees to indemnify the third party to such arrangement from losses, claims and damages incurred by the indemnified party for certain events as defined within the particular contract. Such indemnification obligations may not be subject to maximum loss clauses and the maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification arrangements may be unlimited. Historically, payments made related to these indemnifications have been insignificant and the Company has not incurred significant costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements.

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is involved in litigation that arises from the ordinary operations of business, such as contractual or employment disputes or other general actions. In the event of an adverse outcome of these proceedings, the Company believes the resulting liabilities would not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.

Local TV Advertising Antitrust Litigation— On March 16, 2018, a group of companies including Nexstar and Tribune (the “Defendants”) received a Civil Investigative Demand from the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice (“DOJ”) regarding an investigation into the exchange of certain information related to the pacing of sales related to the same period in the prior year among broadcast stations in some DMAs in alleged violation of federal antitrust law. Without admitting any wrongdoing, some Defendants, including Tribune, entered into a proposed consent decree (referred to herein as the “consent decree”) with the DOJ on November 6, 2018. Without admitting any wrongdoing, Nexstar agreed to settle the matter with the DOJ on December 5, 2018. The consent decree was entered in final form by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia on May 22, 2019. The consent decree, which settles claims by the government of alleged violations of federal antitrust laws in connection with the alleged information sharing, does not include any financial penalty. Pursuant to the consent decree, Nexstar and Tribune agreed not to exchange certain non-public information with other stations operating in the same DMA except in certain cases, and to implement certain antitrust compliance measures and monitor and report on compliance with the consent decree.

Starting in July 2018, a series of plaintiffs filed putative class action lawsuits against the Defendants and others alleging that they coordinated their pricing of television advertising, thereby harming a proposed class of all buyers of television advertising time from one or more of the Defendants since at least January 1, 2014. The plaintiff in each lawsuit seeks injunctive relief and money damages caused by the alleged antitrust violations. On October 9, 2018, these cases were consolidated in a multi-district litigation in the District Court for the Northern District of Illinois captioned In Re: Local TV Advertising Antitrust Litigation, No. 1:18-cv-06785 (“MDL Litigation”). On January 23, 2019, the Court in the MDL Litigation appointed plaintiffs’ lead and liaison counsel.

The MDL Litigation is ongoing. The Plaintiffs’ Consolidated Complaint was filed on April 3, 2019; Defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss on September 5, 2019. Before the Court ruled on that motion, the Plaintiffs filed their Second Amended Consolidated Complaint on September 9, 2019. This complaint added additional defendants and allegations. The Defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss and Strike on October 8, 2019. The Court denied that motion on November 6, 2020. On March 16, 2022, the Plaintiffs filed their Third Amended Complaint. The Third Amended Complaint adds two additional plaintiffs and an additional defendant, but does not make material changes to the allegations.

The parties are in the discovery phase of litigation. The Court has not yet set a trial date. Nexstar and Tribune deny the allegations against them and will defend their advertising practices.

In connection with Nexstar’s acquisition of Tribune on September 19, 2019, Nexstar assumed contingencies from certain legal proceedings, as follows:

Tribune Chapter 11 Reorganization and Confirmation Order Appeals— On December 8, 2008, Tribune and 110 of its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Debtors”) filed voluntary petitions for relief under chapter 11 (“Chapter 11”) of title 11 of the United States Code in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the “Bankruptcy Court”). On July 23, 2012, the Bankruptcy Court issued an order confirming the Fourth Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization for Tribune and its Subsidiaries (as such plan was subsequently modified by its proponents, the “Plan”). The Plan became effective and the Debtors emerged from Chapter 11 on December 31, 2012 (the “Effective Date”). The Bankruptcy Court has entered final decrees that have collectively closed all of the Debtors’ Chapter 11 cases except for Tribune’s Chapter 11 case, which continues to be administered under the caption In re Tribune Media Company, et al., Case No. 08-13141.

As of the Effective Date, approximately 7,400 proofs of claim had been filed against the Debtors. Amounts and payment terms for these claims, if applicable, were established in the Plan. The Plan requires Tribune to reserve cash in amounts sufficient to make certain additional payments that may become due and owing pursuant to the Plan subsequent to the Effective Date. As of March 31, 2023, restricted cash and cash equivalents held by Tribune to satisfy the remaining claim obligations were $14.0 million and are estimated to be sufficient to satisfy such obligations.

As of March 31, 2023, all but three proofs of claim against the Debtors had been withdrawn, expunged, settled or otherwise satisfied. Those claims were resolved with Bankruptcy Court approval in January 2023. The amount of such resolution did not exceed the restricted cash and cash equivalents held by Tribune to satisfy remaining claim obligations described above. In the event any additional claims were to be allowed that exceeded the amount of restricted cash and cash equivalents held by Tribune, Tribune would be required to satisfy the allowed claims from its cash on hand from operations.

Chicago Cubs Transactions—On August 21, 2009, Tribune and Chicago Entertainment Ventures, LLC (formerly Chicago Baseball Holdings, LLC) (“CEV LLC”), and its subsidiaries (collectively, “New Cubs LLC”), among other parties, entered into an agreement (the “Cubs Formation Agreement”) governing the contribution of certain assets and liabilities related to the businesses of the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball franchise then owned by Tribune and its subsidiaries to New Cubs LLC. The transactions contemplated by the Cubs Formation Agreement and the related agreements thereto (the “Chicago Cubs Transactions”) closed on October 27, 2009. As a result of these transactions, Northside Entertainment Holdings LLC (f/k/a Ricketts Acquisition LLC) (“NEH”) owned 95% and Tribune owned 5% of the membership interests in CEV LLC. The fair market value of the contributed assets exceeded the tax basis and did not result in an immediate taxable gain as the transaction was structured to comply with the partnership provisions of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) and related regulations.

On June 28, 2016, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued Tribune a Notice of Deficiency which presented the IRS’s position that the gain with respect to the Chicago Cubs Transactions should have been included in Tribune’s 2009 taxable income. Accordingly, the IRS proposed a $182 million tax and a $73 million gross valuation misstatement penalty. During the third quarter of 2016, Tribune filed a petition in the U.S. Tax Court to contest the IRS’s determination. After-tax interest on the aforementioned proposed tax and penalty through March 31, 2023 would be approximately $166 million. In addition, if the IRS prevails in its position, under the tax rules for determining tax basis upon emergence from bankruptcy, the Company would be required to reduce its tax basis in certain assets. The reduction in tax basis would be required to reflect the reduction in the amount of the Company’s guarantee of the New Cubs partnership debt which was included in the reported tax basis previously determined upon emergence from bankruptcy and subject to Tribune’s 2014 and 2015 federal income tax audits (described below).

On September 19, 2019, Tribune became a wholly owned subsidiary of Nexstar following Nexstar’s merger with Tribune. Nexstar disagrees with the IRS’s position that the Chicago Cubs Transactions generated taxable gain in 2009, the proposed penalty and the IRS’s calculation of the gain. If the IRS prevails in its position, the gain on the Chicago Cubs Transactions would be deemed to be taxable in 2009. Nexstar estimates that the federal and state income taxes would be approximately $225 million before interest and penalties. Any tax, interest and penalty due will be offset by tax payments made relating to this transaction subsequent to 2009. Tribune made approximately $154 million of tax payments prior to its merger with Nexstar.

A bench trial in the U.S. Tax Court took place between October 28, 2019 and November 8, 2019, and closing arguments took place on December 11, 2019. The Tax Court issued a separate opinion on January 6, 2020 holding that the IRS satisfied the procedural requirements for the imposition of the gross valuation misstatement penalty. The judge deferred any litigation of the penalty until a final determination was reached by the Tax Court or Court of Appeals.

On October 26, 2021, the Tax Court issued an opinion related to the Chicago Cubs Transactions, which held that Tribune’s structure was, in substantial part, in compliance with partnership provisions of the Code and, as a result, did not trigger the entire 2009 taxable gain proposed by the IRS. On October 19, 2022, the Tax Court entered the decision that there is no tax deficiency or penalty due in the 2009 tax year. On January 13, 2023, the IRS filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. On February 3, 2023, the Company filed a notice of cross-appeal.

As of March 31, 2023, Nexstar believes the tax impact of applying the Tax Court opinion to 2009 and its impact on subsequent years is not material to the Company’s accounting for uncertain tax positions or to its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Although management believes its estimates and judgments are reasonable, the timing and ultimate resolution are unpredictable and could materially change.

Revenue Agent’s Report on Tribune’s 2014 to 2015 Federal Income Tax Audits— Prior to Nexstar’s merger with Tribune in September 2019, Tribune was undergoing federal income tax audits for taxable years 2014 and 2015. In the third quarter of 2020, the IRS completed its audits of Tribune and issued a Revenue Agent’s Report which disallows the reporting of certain assets and liabilities related to Tribune’s emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy on December 31, 2012. Nexstar disagrees with the IRS’s proposed adjustments to the tax basis of certain assets and the related taxable income impact, and Nexstar is contesting the adjustments through the IRS administrative appeal procedures. If the IRS prevails in its position and after taking into account the impact of the Tax Court opinion, Nexstar would be required to reduce its tax basis in certain assets resulting in a $16 million increase in its federal and state taxes payable and a $70 million increase in deferred income tax liability as of March 31, 2023. In accordance with ASC Topic 740, the Company has reflected $11 million for certain contested issues in its liability for uncertain tax positions at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Note 14: Segment Data

The Company’s reportable broadcast segment includes (i) television stations and related local websites that Nexstar owns, operates, programs or provides sales and other services to in various markets across the United States, (ii) NewsNation, a national cable news network, (iii) two owned and operated digital multicast networks and other multicast network services, and (iv) WGN-AM, a Chicago radio station. The other activities of the Company include (i) The CW, (ii) digital businesses focused on the national marketplace, (iii) the management of certain real estate assets, including revenues from leasing certain owned office and production facilities, (vi) corporate functions, and (v) eliminations.

The Company evaluates the performance of its operating segments based on net revenue and segment profit. Segment profit (loss) excludes depreciation and amortization (but includes payments for broadcast rights), impairment charges, gain on disposal of assets and certain other items that are included in income from continuing operations determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Segment financial information is included in the following tables for the periods presented (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
Net revenue	2023			2022
Broadcast	$	1,178		$	1,184
Other		81			24
Corporate (unallocated)		(2	)		2
Total net revenue	$	1,257		$	1,210


	Three Months Ended March 31,
Operating income (loss)	2023			2022
Broadcast segment profit	$	447		$	482
Other segments (loss) profit		(63	)		1
Corporate (unallocated)		(45	)		(45	)
Depreciation and amortization expense		(249	)		(145	)
Payments for broadcast rights		142			33
Loss attributable to noncontrolling owners of a segment		(21	)		-
Miscellaneous, net		(7	)		3
Income from operations	$	204		$	329


Assets	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Broadcast(1)	$	11,287	$	11,635
Other		489		497
Corporate (unallocated)		688		547
	$	12,464	$	12,679


Goodwill	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Broadcast	$	2,873	$	2,873
Other		88		88
	$	2,961	$	2,961

(1)

While the Company’s investment in TV Food Network ($899 million at March 31, 2023 and $1,099 million at December 31, 2022) has not been allocated to a Company reporting unit or operating segment, such asset has been included in the Company’s disclosure of Broadcast segment assets given the similar nature of the investment to that segment. For additional information on equity investments, see Note 4.

The following tables present the disaggregation of the Company’s revenue under ASC 606 for the periods presented (in millions):


Three Months Ended March 31, 2023	Broadcast		Other		Corporate (unallocated)			Consolidated
Core advertising	$	392	$	25	$	-		$	417
Political advertising		8		-		-			8
Distribution		713		18		(3	)		728
Digital		56		36		-			92
Other		9		2		1			12
Total net revenue	$	1,178	$	81	$	(2	)	$	1,257


Three Months Ended March 31, 2022	Broadcast		Other		Corporate (unallocated)		Consolidated
Core advertising	$	428	$	-	$	-	$	428
Political advertising		24		-		-		24
Distribution		668		-		-		668
Digital		55		24		-		79
Other		9		-		2		11
Total net revenue	$	1,184	$	24	$	2	$	1,210

The Company primarily derives its revenues from television and digital advertising and from distribution of its stations’ signals and networks. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenues from these sources for two of the Company’s customers exceeded 10%. Each of these customers represented approximately 13% and 14% of the Company’s consolidated net revenues, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, revenues from these sources for two of the Company’s customers exceeded 10%. Each of these customers represented approximately 12% of the Company’s consolidated net revenues.

Advertising revenue (core, political and digital) is positively affected by national and local political campaigns and certain events such as the Olympic Games or the Super Bowl. Company stations’ advertising revenue is generally highest in the second and fourth quarters of each year, due in part to increases in consumer advertising in the spring and retail advertising in the period leading up to, and including, the holiday season. In addition, advertising revenue is generally higher during even-numbered years when congressional and presidential elections occur and advertising is aired during the Olympic Games.

The Company receives compensation from MVPDs and OVDs in return for the consent to the retransmission of the signals of its television stations and the carriage of NewsNation. Distribution revenue is recognized at the point in time the broadcast signal is delivered to the distributors and is based on a price per subscriber.

Note 15: Subsequent Events

On April 28, 2023, Nexstar’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $1.35 per share of its common stock. The dividend is payable on May 26, 2023 to stockholders of record on May 12, 2023.

From April 1, 2023 to May 8, 2023, we repurchased 202,034 shares of our common stock for $35 million, funded by cash on hand. As of the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the remaining available amount under the share repurchase authorization was $1.048 billion.

From April 1, 2023 to May 8, 2023, in connection with stock option exercises and vesting of restricted stock units, Nexstar issued 75,126 shares of its common stock, net of any shares withheld for taxes.

On May 8, 2023, Nexstar announced that it agreed to acquire the assets of KUSI-TV, an independent television station serving the San Diego, California market, from McKinnon Broadcasting Company and Channel 51 of San Diego for $35 million plus a customary working capital adjustment. The proposed acquisition is expected to strengthen Nexstar’s local television broadcasting, news, and digital media platforms in San Diego, while presenting numerous opportunities for operating efficiencies. The proposed transaction, subject to regulatory and other customary approvals, is expected to close in 2023.

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and unless the context indicates otherwise, “Nexstar” refers to Nexstar Media Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated wholly owned and majority owned subsidiaries, the “Company” refers to Nexstar and the variable interest entities (“VIEs”) required to be consolidated in our financial statements; and all references to “we,” “our,” “ours,” and “us” refer to Nexstar.

As a result of our deemed controlling financial interests in the consolidated VIEs in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), we consolidate the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of these VIEs as if they were wholly-owned entities. We believe this presentation is meaningful for understanding our financial performance. Refer to Note 2 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of our determinations of VIE consolidation under the related authoritative guidance. The following discussion of our financial position and results of operations includes the consolidated VIEs’ financial position and results of operations.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including: the risks and uncertainties of current economic factors that are beyond our control, such as inflation, rising interest rates and supply chain disruptions; any projections or expectations of earnings, revenue, financial performance, liquidity and capital resources or other financial items; any assumptions or projections about the television broadcasting industry; any statements of our plans, strategies and objectives for our future operations, performance, liquidity and capital resources or other financial items; any statements concerning proposed new products, services or developments; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; any statements of belief; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements may include the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “future,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates” and other similar words.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ from a projection or assumption in any of our forward-looking statements. Our future financial position and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and the inherent risks and uncertainties, including those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and in our other filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are made only as of the date hereof, and we do not have or undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.

Executive Summary

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Highlights

•

Record first quarter net revenue of $1.26 billion increased 3.9% from prior year quarter.

•

On January 27, 2023, our board of directors approved a 50% increase in the quarterly cash dividend to $1.35 per share of outstanding common stock beginning with the first quarter of 2023.

•

During the first quarter of 2023, we returned approximately $225 million of capital to stockholders through repurchases of common stock of $175 million and dividends of $50 million, funded by cash on hand.

•

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we repaid scheduled principal maturities of $30 million under our term loans.

•

Nexstar and The CW Network reached multi-year carriage agreements with YouTube.

•

Created a new advertising sales structure and hired a new leadership team led by Chief Revenue Officer Michael Strober to implement Nexstar’s new data and technology-driven, multi-platform strategy and accelerate the monetization of the Company’s platform.

•

Launched NextGen TV (ATSC 3.0) in three additional markets including San Francisco, CA, Des Moines, IA, and Rochester, NY.

Overview of Operations

As of March 31, 2023, we owned, operated, programmed or provided sales and other services to 199 full power television stations and one AM radio station, including those owned by VIEs, in 116 markets in 39 states and the District of Columbia. The stations are affiliates of ABC, NBC, FOX, CBS, The CW, MyNetworkTV and other broadcast television networks. Through various local service agreements, we provided sales, programming and other services to 36 full power television stations owned by independent third parties, of which 35 full power television stations are VIEs that are consolidated into our financial statements. We also own a 75.0% ownership interest in The CW, the fifth major broadcast network in the U.S., NewsNation, a national cable news network, two digital multicast networks, Antenna TV and Rewind TV, multicast network services provided to third parties, and a 31.3% ownership stake in TV Food Network. Our digital assets include more than 140 local websites, 280 mobile applications, 22 connected television applications, and six free-ad supported television channels representing products of our local television stations, The CW, NewsNation, The Hill, BestReviews, and a suite of advertising solutions.

We (excluding The CW) guarantee full payment of all obligations incurred under Mission Broadcasting, Inc.’s (“Mission”) senior secured credit facility in the event of its default. Mission is a guarantor of our senior secured credit facility, our 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and our 4.75% Notes, due November 2028. In consideration of our guarantee of Mission’s senior secured credit facility, Mission has granted us purchase options to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of each Mission station, subject to FCC consent. These option agreements (which expire on various dates between 2023 and 2033) are freely exercisable or assignable by us without consent or approval by Mission or its shareholders. We expect these option agreements to be renewed upon expiration.

We do not own the consolidated VIEs or their television stations. However, we are deemed under U.S. GAAP to have controlling financial interests for financial reporting purposes in these entities because of (i) the local service agreements we have with their stations, (ii) our (excluding The CW) guarantee of the obligations incurred under Mission’s senior secured credit facility, (iii) our power over significant activities affecting the VIEs’ economic performance, including budgeting for advertising revenue, advertising sales and, in some cases, hiring and firing of sales force personnel and (iv) purchase options granted by each consolidated VIE which permit us to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of each of these VIEs’ stations at any time, subject to FCC consent. In compliance with FCC regulations for all the parties, each of the consolidated VIEs maintains complete responsibility for and control over programming, finances and personnel for its stations.

See Note 2, “Variable Interest Entities” to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information on VIEs, including a discussion of the local service agreements we have with these independent third parties.

Regulatory Developments

As a television broadcaster, the Company is highly regulated, and its operations require that it retain or renew a variety of government approvals and comply with changing federal regulations. On April 1, 2021, the U.S. Supreme Court issued a decision that reversed a lower court of appeals ruling and upheld the FCC’s elimination or modification of certain of its media ownership rules in the agency’s 2010/2014 quadrennial review of those rules. Among the regulations eliminated in 2021 as a result of the Supreme Court ruling was a rule providing that a television station licensee which sells more than 15 percent of the weekly advertising inventory of another television station in the same market under a JSA is deemed to have an attributable ownership interest in that station, as well as a requirement that at least eight independently owned television stations remain in a local television market for a party to acquire a second station in that market. While these restrictions are no longer in effect, the FCC’s 2018 quadrennial media ownership review is currently pending and the 2022 quadrennial review has also commenced. An FCC proceeding is also pending to review the current national limit on television station ownership. The FCC could reinstitute its earlier restrictions or impose other limitations in these or any future reviews.

Seasonality

Advertising revenue is positively affected by national and regional political election campaigns and certain events such as the Olympic Games or the Super Bowl. Advertising revenue is generally highest in the second and fourth quarters of each year, due in part to increases in consumer advertising in the spring and retail advertising in the period leading up to, and including, the holiday season. In addition, advertising revenue is generally higher during even-numbered years, when congressional and/or presidential elections occur and from advertising aired during the Olympic Games. As 2023 is not an election year, we expect a decrease in political advertising revenue to be reported in 2023 compared to 2022.

Historical Performance

Revenue

The following table sets forth the amounts of the Company’s principal types of revenue (dollars in millions) and each type of revenue as a percentage of total net revenue:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023				2022
	Amount		%		Amount		%
Core advertising	$	417		33.2	$	428		35.4
Political advertising		8		0.6		24		2.0
Distribution		728		57.9		668		55.2
Digital		92		7.3		79		6.5
Other		12		1.0		11		0.9
Total net revenue	$	1,257		100.0	$	1,210		100.0

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth a summary of the Company’s operations (dollars in millions) and each component of operating expense as a percentage of net revenue:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023				2022
	Amount		%		Amount			%
Net revenue	$	1,257		100.0	$	1,210			100.0
Operating expenses (income):
Direct operating expenses		538		42.8		490			40.5
Selling, general and administrative expenses, excluding corporate		218		17.3		201			16.6
Corporate expenses		48		3.8		47			3.8
Depreciation and amortization expense		249		19.9		145			12.0
Other		-		-		(2	)		(0.1	)
Total operating expenses		1,053				881
Income from operations	$	204			$	329

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The period-to-period comparability of our consolidated operating results is affected by acquisitions. For each quarter we present, our legacy business units include those stations that we owned or provided services to for the complete quarter in the current and prior years. For our annual and year to date presentations, we combine the legacy business unit amounts presented in each quarter.

Revenue

Core advertising revenue was $417 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $428 million for the same period in 2022, a decrease of $11 million, or 2.6%, primarily due to a weaker national advertising market and the absence of first quarter advertising revenue from the Olympics on our NBC affiliate stations, partially offset by an increase in advertising revenue from the Super Bowl airing on FOX where we have more FOX-affiliated stations versus NBC in the prior year. This decrease was also partially offset by incremental revenue from our acquisition of The CW (acquired on September 30, 2022) of $26 million. Excluding the impact of The CW, key categories driving the decrease were gaming/sports betting, radio/tv/cable/newspaper, medical/healthcare, insurance, and telecom partially offset by increases in automotive, home repair/manufacturing, attorneys, entertainment, and travel. Automotive, our largest advertiser category, represented approximately 15% and 15% of our core advertising revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Excluding The CW, automotive advertising revenues increased by approximately 12% during the quarter compared to 2022, primarily due to increase in advertising spending as automobile inventory available to be sold to costumers has increased.

Political advertising revenue was $8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $24 million for the same period in 2022, a decrease of $16 million, as 2023 is not an election year.

Distribution revenue was $728 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $668 million for the same period in 2022, an increase of $60 million, or 9.0%. The increase was primarily due to renewals of contracts in 2022 providing for higher rates per subscriber and scheduled annual escalation of rates per subscriber, and the acquisition of The CW, partially offset by continued MVPD subscriber attrition. We anticipate continued increase of retransmission fees until there is a more balanced relationship between viewers delivered and fees paid for delivery of such viewers.

Digital revenue, representing advertising revenue on our stations’ web and mobile sites and other internet-based revenue, was $92 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $79 million for the same period in 2022, an increase of $13 million, or 16.5%, primarily due to incremental revenue from our acquisition of The CW (acquired on September 30, 2022).

Operating Expenses

Direct operating expenses, consisting primarily of news, engineering and programming, and selling, general and administrative expenses were $756 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $691 million for the same period in 2022, an increase of $65 million, or 9.4%. This was primarily due to an increase in cost related to incremental operating expenses from our acquisition of The CW (acquired on September 30, 2022), an increase in station programming costs due to network affiliation renewals and annual increases in network affiliation costs, and increased news programming at NewsNation and our local stations.

Corporate expenses, related to costs associated with the centralized management of our stations, were $48 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $47 million for the same period in 2022, an increase of $1 million (no significant change).

Depreciation and amortization expense was $249 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $145 million for the same period in 2022, an increase of $104 million, or 71.7%. Depreciation and amortization expense consists of the following:

•

Amortization of broadcast rights was $129 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $28 million for the same period in 2022, an increase of $101 million, primarily due to an increase in cost related to incremental operating expenses from our acquisition of The CW (acquired on September 30, 2022) of $107 million.

•

Depreciation of property and equipment was $43 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $39 million for the same period in 2022, an increase of $4 million (no significant change).

•

Amortization of intangible assets was $77 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $78 million for the same period in 2022, a decrease of $1 million (no significant change).

Income from Equity Method Investments, net

Income from equity method investments, net was $25 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $38 million for the same period in 2022, a decrease of $13 million, primarily due to a lower equity in TV Food Network’s net income of $13 million.

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense, net was $107 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $69 million for the same period in 2022, an increase of $38 million, primarily due to increases in interest rates in the Company’s outstanding loans under its senior secured credit facilities, partially offset by decreases in interest expense from debt repayments and lower interest rates obtained in connection with the refinancing of certain of our term loans in June 2022. Interest rates on outstanding loans under the Company’s senior secured credit facilities ranged from 6.69% to 7.36% as of March 31, 2023, compared to interest rates ranging from 1.95% to 2.95% as of March 31, 2022. These interest rates were a mixture of SOFR plus CSA, or credit spread adjustment used to account for the difference between SOFR and LIBOR, plus applicable margin and U.S. LIBOR plus applicable margin in 2023 compared to U.S. LIBOR plus applicable margin only in 2022.

Pension and Other Postretirement Plans Credit, net

Pension and other postretirement plans credit, net was $9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $11 million for the same period in 2022, a decrease of $2 million (no significant change).

Income Taxes

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company is leveraged, which makes it vulnerable to changes in general economic conditions. The Company’s ability to repay or refinance its debt will depend on, among other things, financial, business, market, competitive and other conditions, many of which are beyond the Company’s control. The Company believes it has sufficient unrestricted cash on hand, positive working capital, and availability to access additional cash under its revolving credit facilities (with a maturity date of June 2027) to meet its business operating requirements and capital expenditures and to continue to service its debt for at least the next 12 months as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants contained in the amended credit agreements governing its senior secured credit facilities.

Any future adverse economic conditions, including those resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, heightened and sustained inflation and higher interest rates, could adversely affect the Company’s future operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

Cash Flow Summary

The following tables present summarized financial information management believes is helpful in evaluating the Company’s liquidity and capital resources (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	494		$	519
Net cash used in investing activities		(36	)		(22	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(251	)		(362	)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	207		$	135
Cash paid for interest	$	107		$	78


	As of March 31,		As of December 31,
	2023		2022
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	427	$	220

Cash Flows – Operating Activities

Net cash flows provided by operating activities decreased by $25 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the same period in 2022. This was primarily due to a decrease in operating income (excluding non-cash transactions) of $19 million, an increase in payments for broadcast rights of $109 million and higher interest payments of $29 million. These decreases were partially offset by sources of cash resulting from timing of accounts receivable collections of $62 million, timing of payments to our vendors of $42 million and an increase in distribution from our equity investment in TV Food Network of $33 million. The increase in payments for broadcast rights was due to incremental payments from our acquisition of The CW (acquired on September 30, 2022) of $115 million, partially offset by a decrease in payments for our syndicated programming of $6 million.

Cash Flows – Investing Activities

Net cash flows used in investing activities were $36 million and $22 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

In 2023 and 2022, we spent a total of $36 million and $29 million in capital expenditures, respectively.

Cash Flows – Financing Activities

Net cash flows used in financing activities were $251 million and $362 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

In 2023, we repaid scheduled principal maturities of $31 million of our term loans, paid dividends to our common stockholders of $50 million ($1.35 per share per quarter), repurchased common shares of $176 million and paid cash for taxes in exchange for shares of common stock withheld of $15 million resulting from net share settlements of certain stock-based compensation. These outflows were partially offset by the contribution from noncontrolling interests amounting to $24 million.

In 2022, we prepaid a portion of the outstanding principal balance of our Term Loan B due 2024 of $150 million and made scheduled principal payments on our Term Loan A due 2024 of $9 million, paid dividends to our common stockholders of $37 million ($0.90 per share per quarter), repurchased common shares of $158 million and paid cash for taxes in exchange for shares of common stock withheld of $10 million resulting from net share settlements of certain stock-based compensation. These outflows were partially offset by the proceeds from the exercise of stock options during the year amounting to $6 million.

Subsequent Financing Activities

Our senior secured credit facility may limit the amount of dividends we may pay to stockholders over the term of the agreement.

Long-term debt

As of March 31, 2023, the Company had total outstanding debt of $6.923 billion, net of unamortized financing costs, discounts and premium, which represented 72.5% of the Company’s combined capitalization. The Company’s high level of debt requires that a substantial portion of cash flow be dedicated to pay principal and interest on debt, which reduces the funds available for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes.


	As of March 31,			As of December 31,
	2023			2022
Nexstar senior secured credit facility	$	3,895		$	3,925
Mission senior secured credit facility		357			358
5.625% Notes, due July 2027		1,714			1,714
4.75% Notes, due November 2028		1,000			1,000
		6,966			6,997
Less: Unamortized financing costs, discounts and premium, net		(43	)		(46	)
Total outstanding debt	$	6,923		$	6,951

Unused revolving loan commitments under senior secured credit facilities (1)	$	542		$	543

(1)

Based on covenant calculations as of March 31, 2023, all of the $529 million and $14 million unused revolving loan commitments under the respective Nexstar and Mission senior secured credit facilities were available for borrowing.

The following table summarizes the principal indebtedness scheduled to mature for the periods referenced as of March 31, 2023 (in millions):


	Total		Less than 1 year		1 to 3 years		3 to 5 years		More than 5 years
Nexstar senior secured credit facility	$	3,895	$	91	$	242	$	3,562	$	-
Mission senior secured credit facility		357		2		6		68		281
5.625% Notes, due July 2027		1,714		-		-		1,714		-
4.75% Notes, due November 2028		1,000		-		-		-		1,000
	$	6,966	$	93	$	248	$	5,344	$	1,281

We (excluding The CW) guarantee full payment of all obligations incurred under Mission’s senior secured credit facility in the event of its default. Mission is a guarantor of our senior secured credit facility, our 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and our 4.75% Notes, due November 2028.

We make semiannual interest payments on the 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 on January 15 and July 15 of each year. We make semiannual interest payments on our 4.75% Notes, due November 2028 on May 1 and November 1 of each year. Interest payments on our and Mission’s senior secured credit facilities are generally paid every one to three months and are payable based on the type of interest rate selected.

The terms of our and Mission’s senior secured credit facilities, as well as the indentures governing our 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and 4.75% Notes, due November 2028, limit, but do not prohibit us or Mission, from incurring substantial amounts of additional debt in the future.

The Company does not have any rating downgrade triggers that would accelerate the maturity dates of its debt. However, a downgrade in the Company’s credit rating could adversely affect its ability to renew the existing credit facilities, obtain access to new credit facilities or otherwise issue debt in the future and could increase the cost of such debt.

The Company’s ability to access funds under its senior secured credit facilities depends, in part, on its compliance with certain financial covenants. Any additional drawings under the senior secured credit facilities will reduce the Company’s future borrowing capacity and the amount of total unused revolving loan commitments. Any adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or any future adverse economic conditions, including those resulting from heightened and sustained inflation and higher interest rates, could adversely affect our future operating results and cash flows and may cause us to seek alternative sources of funding, including accessing capital markets, subject to market conditions. Such alternative sources of funding may not be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

Our credit agreement contains a covenant which requires us to comply with a maximum consolidated first lien net leverage ratio of 4.25 to 1.00. The financial covenant, which is formally calculated on a quarterly basis, is based on the Company’s combined results, excluding the operating results of The CW, which Nexstar designated as an unrestricted subsidiary under its credit agreements and indentures. The Mission amended credit agreement does not contain financial covenant ratio requirements but does provide for default in the event we do not comply with all covenants contained in our credit agreement. As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with our financial covenant. We believe the Company will be able to maintain compliance with all covenants contained in the credit agreements governing its senior secured facilities and the indentures governing Nexstar’s 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and 4.75% Notes, due November 2028 for a period of at least the next 12 months from March 31, 2023.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2023, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or VIEs, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. All of our arrangements with our VIEs in which we are the primary beneficiary are on-balance sheet arrangements. Our variable interests in other entities are obtained through local service agreements, which have valid business purposes and transfer certain station activities from the station owners to us. We are, therefore, not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships.

As of March 31, 2023, we have outstanding standby letters of credit with various financial institutions amounting to $20 million, of which $17 million was in support of the worker’s compensation insurance programs. The outstanding balance of standby letters of credit is deducted against our unused revolving loan commitment under our senior secured credit facility and would not be available for withdrawal.

Issuer and Guarantor Summarized Financial Information

Nexstar Media Inc. (the “Issuer”) is the issuer of 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and 4.75% Notes, due November 2028. These notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by Nexstar Media Group, Inc. (“Parent”), Mission (a consolidated VIE) and the Subsidiary Guarantors (as defined below). The Issuer, Subsidiary Guarantors, Parent and Mission are collectively referred to as the “Obligor Group” for the 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and 4.75% Notes, due November 2028. “Subsidiary Guarantors” refers to certain of the Issuer’s restricted subsidiaries (excluding The CW) that guarantee these notes. The guarantees of the notes are subject to release in limited circumstances upon the occurrence of certain customary conditions set forth in the indentures governing the 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and the 4.75% Notes, due November 2028. The 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and 4.75% Notes, due November 2028 are not registered with the SEC.

The following combined summarized financial information is presented for the Obligor Group after elimination of intercompany transactions between Parent, Issuer, Subsidiary Guarantors and Mission in the Obligor Group and amounts related to investments in any subsidiary that is a non-guarantor. This information is not intended to present the financial position or results of operations of the consolidated group of companies in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Summarized Balance Sheet Information for the Obligor Group (in millions):


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current assets – external(1)	$	1,445	$	1,358
Current assets – due from consolidated entities outside of Obligor Group		41		39
Total current assets	$	1,486	$	1,397
Noncurrent assets – external(1)(2)		9,657		9,748
Noncurrent assets – due from consolidated entities outside of Obligor Group		75		74
Total noncurrent assets	$	9,732	$	9,822
Total current liabilities(1)	$	744	$	742
Total noncurrent liabilities(1)	$	8,929	$	8,994
Noncontrolling interests	$	-	$	-

(1)

Excludes the assets and liabilities of The CW as it is not a guarantor of the 4.75% Notes, due November 2028 and 5.625% Notes, due July 2027. On September 30, 2022, Nexstar acquired a 75.0% ownership interest in The CW.

(2)

Excludes Issuer’s equity investments of $919 million and $1,119 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, in unconsolidated investees. These unconsolidated investees do not guarantee the 4.75% Notes, due November 2028 and 5.625% Notes, due July 2027. For additional information on equity investments, refer to Note 4 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Summarized Statements of Operations Information for the Obligor Group (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023
Net revenue – external	$	1,197
Net revenue – from consolidated entities outside of Obligor Group		5
Total net revenue		1,202
Costs and expenses – external		904
Costs and expenses – to consolidated entities outside of Obligor Group		8
Total costs and expenses		912
Income from operations	$	290
Net income	$	148
Net income attributable to Obligor Group	$	148
Income from equity method investments, net	$	25

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to business acquisitions, goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets, definite-lived intangible assets and other long-lived assets, equity investments, distribution revenue, pension and postretirement benefit plans and income taxes. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Information with respect to the Company’s critical accounting policies which it believes could have the most significant effect on the Company’s reported results and require subjective or complex judgments by management is contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Management believes that as of March 31, 2023, there has been no material change to this information.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 2 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements, including our expected date of adoption and effects on results of operations and financial position.

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

The Company’s exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to its long-term debt obligations.

The term loan borrowings under the Company’s senior secured credit facilities bear interest at rates ranging from 6.69% to 7.36% as of March 31, 2023, which represent (i) the base rate, the SOFR or the US LIBOR plus (ii) a credit spread adjustment in the case of SOFR-based loans, and (iii) the applicable margin, as defined. Interest is payable in accordance with the credit agreements.

Based on the outstanding balances of the Company’s senior secured credit facilities (term loans and revolving loans) as of March 31, 2023, an increase in each of SOFR and US LIBOR by 100 basis points would increase our annual interest expense and decrease our cash flow from operations by $43 million (excluding tax effects). A decrease in each of SOFR and US LIBOR by 100 basis points would decrease our annual interest expense and increase our cash flow from operations by $43 million (excluding tax effects). Our 5.625% Notes due July 2027 and 4.75% Notes due November 2028 are fixed rate debt obligations and therefore are not exposed to market interest rate changes. As of March 31, 2023, the Company has no financial instruments in place to hedge against changes in the benchmark interest rates on its senior secured credit facilities.

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Nexstar’s management, with the participation of its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer along with its Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this report of the effectiveness of the design and operation of Nexstar’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act.

Based upon that evaluation, Nexstar’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, Nexstar’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to Nexstar’s management, including its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

As of the quarter ended March 31, 2023, there have been no changes in Nexstar’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors that were previously disclosed in Item 1A in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on February 28, 2023.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following is a summary of Nexstar’s repurchases of its common stock by month during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 (in millions, except for share and per share information):


					Total Number of Shares		Approximate Dollar Value
					Purchased as Part of		of Shares That May Yet Be
	Total Number		Average Price		Publicly Announced		Purchased Under the
	of Shares Purchased		Paid per Share		Plans or Programs		Plans or Programs
January 5 - 31, 2023		97,199	$	184.94		97,199	$	1,240
February 1 - 22, 2023		74,009	$	202.18		74,009		1,225
March 7 to 31, 2023		848,732	$	167.21		848,732		1,083
		1,019,940	$	171.44		1,019,940

ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

ITEM 5. Other Information

None.

ITEM 6. Exhibits


Exhibit No.		Description
3.1		Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Nexstar Media Group, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-50478) filed by Nexstar Media Group, Inc. on January 30, 2023).
31.1		Certification of Perry A. Sook pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
31.2		Certification of Lee Ann Gliha pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
32.1		Certification of Perry A. Sook pursuant to 18 U.S.C. ss. 1350.*
32.2		Certification of Lee Ann Gliha pursuant to 18 U.S.C. ss. 1350.*
101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

* Filed herewith

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.

		/S/ PERRY A. SOOK
By:		Perry A. Sook
Its:		Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

		/S/ LEE ANN GLIHA
By:		Lee Ann Gliha
Its:		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)

Dated: May 9, 2023