Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2011 June (Form 10-Q)
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2011
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. |
For the transition period from , 200 , to , 200 .
Commission File Number 333-109118
Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
Nevada | 59-3691650 | |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
46600 Deep Woods Road, Paisley, Florida 32767
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(386) 943-8358
(Registrants Telephone Number)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of accelerated filer, large accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | ¨ | |||
Non-accelerated filer | ¨ | Smaller reporting company | x |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
There were 53,734,830 shares of the Registrants $0.001 par value common stock outstanding as of August 9, 2011.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
(A Development Stage Company)
Contents
Item 1. |
Financial Statements | 1 | ||||
Item 2. |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation | 10 | ||||
Item 3. |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 14 | ||||
Item 4T. |
Controls and Procedures | 14 | ||||
Item 1. |
Legal Proceedings | 15 | ||||
Item 2. |
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 15 | ||||
Item 3. |
Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 15 | ||||
Item 4. |
Removed and Reserved | 15 | ||||
Item 5. |
Other Information | 15 | ||||
Item 6. |
Exhibits | 15 | ||||
17 |
Table of Contents
Statements in this Form 10-Q Quarterly Report may be forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements that express our intentions, beliefs, expectations, strategies, predictions or any other statements relating to our future activities or other future events or conditions. These statements are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our business based, in part, on assumptions made by our management. These assumptions are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements due to numerous factors, including those risks discussed in this Form 10-Q Quarterly Report, under Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition or Plan of Operation and in other documents which we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
In addition, such statements could be affected by risks and uncertainties related to our financial condition, factors that affect our industry, market and customer acceptance, changes in technology, fluctuations in our quarterly results, our ability to continue and manage our growth, liquidity and other capital resource issues, competition, fulfillment of contractual obligations by other parties and general economic conditions. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and we do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Form 10-Q Quarterly Report, except as required by law.
Table of Contents
Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Financial Statements
As of June 30, 2011 (unaudited) and December 31, 2010 and
for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 (unaudited)
and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)
through June 30, 2011 (unaudited)
Contents
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1
Table of Contents
Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
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(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Assets |
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Current assets: |
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Cash |
$ | 7,245 | $ | 128,264 | ||||
Prepaid expenses |
119,480 | 108,891 | ||||||
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Total current assets |
126,725 | 237,155 | ||||||
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Agency fee-intangible, net of accumulated amortization of $0 and $57,368 (2010) |
| 942,632 | ||||||
Furniture and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $46,733 (2011) and $44,025( 2010) |
51,531 | 7,285 | ||||||
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$ | 178,256 | 1,187,072 | ||||||
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Liabilities and Stockholders Deficit |
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Current liabilities: |
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Accounts payable, including related party payables of $42,262 (2011) and $87,707 (2010) |
$ | 133,521 | $ | 162,281 | ||||
Accrued agency fee |
| 900,000 | ||||||
Accrued interest |
14,718 | 14,718 | ||||||
Accrued payroll |
4,269 | 4,635 | ||||||
Note payable |
500 | 500 | ||||||
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Total current liabilities |
153,008 | 1,082,134 | ||||||
Accrued expenses long term |
307,250 | 273,250 | ||||||
Accrued payroll long term |
418,920 | 270,376 | ||||||
Accrued royalty fees |
1,176,500 | 1,051,500 | ||||||
Note payable to related party |
1,901 | 1,901 | ||||||
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Total liabilities |
2,057,579 | 2,679,161 | ||||||
Stockholders deficit: |
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Preferred stock; $.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding |
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Common stock; $.001 par value; 99,000,000 shares authorized; 53,115,096 (2011) and 45,844,161 (2010) shares issued and outstanding |
53,113 | 45,842 | ||||||
Additional paid in capital |
13,637,564 | 12,526,812 | ||||||
Deficit accumulated during development stage |
(15,452,694 | ) | (14,133,147 | ) | ||||
Common stock payable |
| 274,000 | ||||||
Prepaid consulting services paid with common stock |
(105,306 | ) | (193,596 | ) | ||||
Receivable for common stock |
(12,000 | ) | (12,000 | ) | ||||
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Total stockholders deficit |
(1,879,323 | ) | (1,492,089 | ) | ||||
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$ | 178,256 | $ | 1,187,072 | |||||
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
2
Table of Contents
Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through June 30, 2011 |
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2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||
Research and development costs |
$ | 87,059 | $ | 67,226 | $ | 103,432 | $ | 125,740 | $ | 3,839,147 | ||||||||||
Operating costs |
394,095 | 1,102,765 | 1,209,127 | 1,698,665 | 11,003,782 | |||||||||||||||
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481,154 | 1,169,991 | 1,312,559 | 1,824,405 | 14,842,929 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest (income) expense |
3,425 | 25,756 | 6,988 | 34,320 | 609,765 | |||||||||||||||
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Net loss |
$ | (484,579 | ) | $ | (1,195,747 | ) | $ | (1,319,547 | ) | $ | (1,858,725 | ) | $ | (15,452,694 | ) | |||||
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Net loss per share |
(0.01 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.82 | ) | ||||||
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Weighted average number of common shares outstanding |
52,475,871 | 42,997,959 | 54,039,700 | 41,687,640 | 18,841,477 | |||||||||||||||
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
3
Table of Contents
Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
For the Six Months Ended | Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through June 30, 2011 |
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June 30, 2011 |
June 30, 2010 |
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(unaudited) | (unaudited) | (unaudited) | ||||||||||
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
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Net loss |
$ | (1,319,547 | ) | $ | (1,858,725 | ) | $ | (15,452,694 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
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Common stock and long-term debt issued for acquisition of license agreement |
2,735,649 | |||||||||||
Common stock issued for services and amortization of common stock issued for services |
589,203 | 574,720 | 4,075,151 | |||||||||
Options and warrants issued to employees, directors and consultants |
614,287 | |||||||||||
Contribution from shareholder |
188,706 | |||||||||||
Amortization of beneficial conversion feature |
7,000 | 36,590 | 531,561 | |||||||||
Amortization of deferred loan costs |
24,750 | |||||||||||
Write off of deferred offering costs |
119,383 | |||||||||||
Write off of deferred non cash offering costs |
49,120 | |||||||||||
Gain on disposal of fixed assets |
(1,965 | ) | ||||||||||
Depreciation |
2,708 | 2,116 | 49,816 | |||||||||
Amortization of agency fee |
42,632 | 100,000 | ||||||||||
Amortization of discount on notes payable |
33,858 | |||||||||||
Increase in prepaid expenses |
(10,589 | ) | (108,480 | ) | (119,480 | ) | ||||||
Increase (decrease) in: |
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Accounts payable |
37,790 | 82,821 | 290,196 | |||||||||
Accrued expenses |
34,000 | 58,410 | 307,250 | |||||||||
Accrued payroll |
163,178 | (45,572 | ) | 438,189 | ||||||||
Accrued royalty fees |
125,000 | 125,000 | 1,593,167 | |||||||||
Accrued interest |
369 | 14,718 | ||||||||||
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Net cash used by operating activities |
(328,625 | ) | (1,132,751 | ) | (4,408,339 | ) | ||||||
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INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
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Payment of agency fee rights |
(100,000 | ) | ||||||||||
Issuance of notes receivable from stockholders |
(23,000 | ) | ||||||||||
Repayment of notes receivable from stockholders |
22,095 | |||||||||||
Advances to related party |
805 | |||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets |
2,500 | |||||||||||
Purchase of fixed assets |
(46,954 | ) | (4,459 | ) | (96,883 | ) | ||||||
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Net cash used by investing activities |
(46,954 | ) | (4,459 | ) | (194,483 | ) | ||||||
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FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
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Repayment of stockholder advances |
(157,084 | ) | ||||||||||
Advances from stockholders |
266,152 | |||||||||||
Increase in deferred offering costs |
(194,534 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock |
204,560 | 624,316 | 3,841,033 | |||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of options |
45,000 | |||||||||||
Debt issuance costs |
(19,750 | ) | ||||||||||
Repayment of convertible notes payable |
(23,000 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes payable |
50,000 | 250,000 | 852,250 | |||||||||
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Net cash provided by financing activities |
254,560 | 874,316 | 4,610,067 | |||||||||
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NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH |
(121,021 | ) | (262,894 | ) | 7,245 | |||||||
CASH, BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
128,264 | 603,601 | 0 | |||||||||
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CASH, END OF PERIOD |
$ | 7,245 | $ | 340,707 | $ | 7,245 | ||||||
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements
4
Table of Contents
For the Six Months Ended |
Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through June 30, 2011 |
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June 30, 2011 |
June 30, 2010 |
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(unaudited) | (unaudited) | (unaudited) | ||||||||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information and noncash investing and financing activities: |
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Cash paid for interest |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 21,477 | ||||||
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Subscription receivable for issuance of common stock |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 29,090 | ||||||
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Option to acquire license for issuance of common stock |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 10,000 | ||||||
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Deferred offering costs netted against issuance of common stock under private placement |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 33,774 | ||||||
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Deferred offering costs netted against issuance of common stock |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 41,735 | ||||||
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Value of beneficial conversion feature of notes payable |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 19,507 | ||||||
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Deferred non-cash offering costs in connection with private placement |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 74,850 | ||||||
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Application of amount due from shareholder against related party debt |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 8,099 | ||||||
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Amortization of offering costs related to stock for services |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 25,730 | ||||||
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Settlement of notes payable in exchange for common stock |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 356,466 | ||||||
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Common stock issued in exchange for prepaid services |
$ | 0 | $ | 312,150 | $ | 2,245,164 | ||||||
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Common stock issued in exchange for accrued royalties |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 416,667 | ||||||
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Receivable issued for exercise of common stock options |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 167,000 | ||||||
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Common stock issued in exchange for fixed assets |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 5,000 | ||||||
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Acquisition of agency fee intangible through accrued expenses |
$ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 900,000 | ||||||
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Beneficial conversion feature on convertible notes |
$ | 7,000 | $ | 248,889 | $ | 531,561 | ||||||
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Conversion of convertible debt to equity (7,340,152 shares since inception) |
$ | 50,000 | $ | 0 | $ | 772,000 | ||||||
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Common stock issued for accounts payable |
$ | 66,550 | $ | 55,125 | $ | 156,675 | ||||||
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Common stock issued for accrued payroll |
$ | 15,000 | $ | 0 | $ | 15,000 | ||||||
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Write off uncollectible stock subscription receivable |
$ | 0 | $ | 155,000 | $ | 155,000 | ||||||
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Write off of intangible asset and agency fee payable |
$ | 900,000 | $ | 0 | $ | 900,000 | ||||||
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
5
Table of Contents
Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 (unaudited)
and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)
through June 30, 2011 (unaudited)
1. Background Information
Turbine Truck Engines, Inc. (the Company) is a development stage enterprise that was incorporated in the state of Delaware on November 27, 2000, and converted to a Nevada corporation in To date, the Companys activities have been limited to raising capital, organizational matters, and the structuring of its business plan. The corporate headquarters is located in Paisley, Florida. The Companys planned line of business will be the design, development, and testing of turbine truck engine technology licensed through Alpha Engines Corporation (Alpha). Alpha owns the patents to a new gas turbine engine system called Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine. If the Company can successfully demonstrate a highway truck engine using the technology, the Company intends to form a joint venture with a major heavy duty highway truck manufacturer to manufacture, market, and sell turbine truck engines for use in heavy duty highway trucks throughout the United States.
2. Financial Statements
In the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting only of normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of (a) the results of operations for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 and the period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through June 30, 2011, (b) the financial position at June 30, 2011, 2010, and (c) cash flows for the six month periods ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, and the period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through June 30, 2011, have been made.
The unaudited financial statements and notes are presented as permitted by Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been omitted. The accompanying financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010. The results of operations for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of those to be expected for the entire year.
3. Going Concern
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and since November 27, 2000 (date of inception) through June 30, 2011, the Company has had a net loss of $484,579, $1,319,547 and $15,452,694, respectively. As of June 30, 2011, the Company has not emerged from the development stage and has a working capital deficit of $26,283. In view of these matters, the Companys ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Companys ability to begin operations and to achieve a level of profitability. Since inception, the Company has financed its activities principally from the sale of public equity securities. The Company intends on financing its future development activities and its working capital needs largely from the sale of public equity securities with some additional funding from other traditional financing sources, including term notes and proceeds from sub-licensing agreements until such time that funds provided by operations are sufficient to fund working capital requirements. The financial statements of the Company do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded assets, or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
4. Commitments and Contingencies
On February 1, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University to complete a 3D model and certain modifications to the original Detonation Gas Turbine Engine in exchange for a fixed price amount. The Company has expensed $10,670 related to this agreement which expired on June 30, 2007. On August 31, 2007, the Company extended the original agreement through December 31, 2009 with a total additional amount not to exceed approximately $297,000. The Company incurred approximately $22,000 and $28,000 in additional costs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Once the Company becomes operational, it will be obligated to pay production royalties to Alpha at the rate of eight percent of net sales of the Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine. The minimum royalty amount is $250,000 per year, and the Company began accruing for the fee in February 2005. The royalty fee will be reduced by production royalties paid. Unpaid royalty fees amounted to $1,176,500 and $1,051,500 as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.
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The Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement in May 2010 with Hua Tec Enterprise Co. LTD, an international company incorporated in the Independent State of Samoa. HUA TEC owns all of the issued and outstanding shares of Guandong Kingtec Electrical Co., LTD, a wholly foreign owned enterprise established under the laws of the Peoples Republic of China. Kingtec is primarily engaged in the business of manufacturing and selling automobile starters, generators and other accessories in the Peoples Republic of China. The closing of this purchase agreement is contingent upon certain conditions as outlined in the agreement and is currently being negotiated.
The Company had entered into an Exclusive Agency Agreement with Falcon Power Co., Ltd. in the year ended December 31, 2010. The Agreement had previously granted the Company the exclusive right to resell Falcons Products in the State of New York, State of Florida, State of Oklahoma and State of Colorado. As part of this agreement the Company was to pay an Agency fee to Falcon in the amount of $1,000,000, with $100,000 due within three days of the agreement and the reminder to be paid within three months following execution of the agreement. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company paid $100,000 of the Agency fee, which has been included as an agency fee on the accompanying balance sheet and will be amortized over the five year term of the agreement. The remaining $900,000 of the Agency fee was due on June 2011.
As of June 30, 2011, the Company has terminated this agreement through mutual consent of both parties. The Company no longer has the exclusive right to resell these products in North America and the remaining agency fee owed of $900,000 is no longer payable to Falcon Power Co. As of the termination date, the Company impaired the intangible agency right at its book value of $842,632 and adjusted their agency fee payable amount of $900,000. The net amount of this elimination was approximately $57,000 which is included in operating costs for all periods presented.
The Company (TTE) entered into a Cooperation Agreement (the Agreement) with Hydrogen Union Energy Co., Ltd. (HUE) for the purpose of the joint development of the hydrogen generator. Under the terms of the Agreement, HUE will provide hydrogen generators at cost to TTE for demonstration purposes. Once TTE purchases the first H2 generator and pays 90% of the purchase price, TTE will be given first refusal to act as agent for any future business relating to hydrogen generators with HUEs technology in North America. TTE will pay the cost of production of a 200 cubic meter H2 generator at 10,000,000 TWD ($346,000 USD as of June 30, 2011) for up to two machines. Payments are to be made in stages; (a) 50% (5,000,000 TWD) within 15 business days after the execution of the Agreement; (b) 40% (4,000,000 TWD) 30 days after the first payment; (c) 5% (500,000 TWD) 24 hours after the initial installation and testing; and (d) 5% (500,000 TWD) one day after machine is in operation for 30 days. Through the date of this filing, the Company is working to negotiate a payment schedule.
As a June 30, 2011, the above equipment has not been received , as such, no liability has been recorded.
The Company entered into a Cooperative Agreement (the Agreement) dated April 27, 2010 with Beijing Royal Aerospace Facilities Co., Ltd., a PRC corporation (Beijing Royal), for the purpose of providing a framework for the collaboration between the two companies on the development and commercialization of the Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine (DGCT) specifically for application to heavy duty trucks, with Beijing Royal to be the Companys exclusive development partner with respect to 300 600 HP DCGT in the Peoples Republic of China. The terms of the agreement replace the terms of the agreement dated January 21, 2009 with Aerospace Machinery and Electric Co., Ltd. The terms of the agreement called for the Company to complete the design plan for the 540 HP DCGT engine within three (3) months and submit it to Beijing Royal for further submission to PRC regulatory authorities for review and approval. The parties have agreed to execute a more detailed joint development contract upon the approval of the DCGT project by PRC regulatory authorities to specify the details of their cooperation on the development of the DCGT.
The Agreement further provides that all documentation provided by the Company to Beijing Royal at this stage shall be solely for the purpose of making a funding application, and that any further use shall be by agreement of the parties. The intellectual properties jointly developed under the Agreement would be owned by both parties equally.
The Company entered into various strategic alliances with foreign companies during 2009. During the six months ended June 30, 2011, there were no material changes as disclosed in the December 31, 2010 Form 10K which would warrant further disclosure to these financial statements. The agreements with GUOHAO, TIANJIN, and BEIJING ROYAL are based on the company building, testing, and demonstrating a prototype that will meet the efficiencies
7
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required to commercialize the engine for their respective products. Once the company has demonstrated that it can produce an engine with the power output and efficiencies required, the time line set in the original agreements for the respective companies to fulfill their agreements and fund the company to bring the engine to full commercialization for that product will start at that time.
In November 2010, the Company entered into an employment agreement with the Companys Chief Technology Officer. Under the employment agreement, the employment term runs through October 30, 2011 and includes an annual base salary of $24,000. Additional performance-based bonuses are provided for up to 300,000 shares of the Companys common stock, with the value not to exceed $300,000. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company committed to issue 300,000 shares of common stock at $0.24 per share, which represented the fair value of the common stock on the commitment date. At the commitment date, the Company recorded $72,000 in prepaid services paid with common stock. During the period ended June 30, 2011 and the year ended December 31, 2010; the Company had recognized approximately $35,900 and $11,900 of amortization expense related to the issuance respectively. The prepaid is being amortized over the employment agreement which represents the expected requisite service period. The Company has also accrued $38,000 in payroll costs at June 30, 2011. Effective July 1, 2011 the Chief Technology Officer has resigned and all amounts currently due have been accounted for in the accompanying financial statements. Related to the Chief Technology Officers resignation, the Company is currently negotiating a final severance package that will include common shares and cash. No amounts have been finalized as of June 30, 2011.
Related to certain employment agreements, the Company committed to issue a total of 1,100,000 shares of common stock. As of June 30, 2011, there were approximately 678,000 shares vested related to the employment agreements. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, the Company recognized approximately $44,200 and $88,300 in compensation expense related to the above agreements.
5. Related Party Transactions
During the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company signed a note payable with a related party in the amount of $15,000. The balance at June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 is $1,901. This note payable was unsecured, non-interest bearing and has no specific repayment terms, however, payment is not expected prior to June 30, 2011.
As of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, accounts payable included $34,600 and $47,557 due to a Company owned by the Companys Chief Technology Officer.
As of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, accounts payable included $7,645 and $40,150, respectively, due to a director of the Company for various accounting services.
The above terms and amounts are not necessarily indicative of the terms and amounts that would have been incurred had comparable transactions been entered into with independent parties.
6. Convertible Note Payable
In June 2008, the Company issued a Convertible Debenture to Golden Gate Investors, Inc. (the holder) in the principal amount of $1,000,000, dated June 6, 2008, pursuant to Rule 506 promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, for the purpose of accessing necessary funding to continue operations.
Pursuant to the terms of the Debenture, the related Securities Purchase Agreement, Secured Promissory Note and Stock Pledge Agreement, each executed in connection therewith, the Company has issued its $1,000,000 Convertible Debenture (the Debenture) for the payment by Golden Gate of $100,000 in cash and the execution and delivery by Golden Gate of a $900,000 Secured Promissory Note of even date (the Note), bearing interest at 8% per annum. For financial statement purposes, these items have been netted, as the Company has the legal right of offset.
The Debenture bears interest at 7.75% per annum, payable monthly, maturing June 30, 2012, and was secured by a Continuing Personal Guaranty, whereby the Companys Chief Executive Officer and majority shareholder guaranteed the Companys obligations for a period of eight months. Originally, the Debenture Holder was entitled to convert into common stock of the company at the conversion price equal to the lesser of (i) $0.50, or (ii) 80% of the average of the 3 lowest Volume Weighted Average Prices during the 20 Trading Days prior to Holders election to convert, as such terms are defined in the Debenture. The Holder can only convert that amount of the Debenture that has actually been paid for by either cash at closing or principal pre-payments made on the Promissory Note.
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During 2011 and since inception, the Company has drawn $50,000 and $795,000 in proceeds related to the note, respectively. During 2011 and since inception, the Holder has converted $50,000 and $747,000 in convertible notes into 333,334 and 7,340,152 common shares, respectively.
In December 2009, the convertible debenture agreement was amended. As a result of the amendment, effective January 15, 2010, the conversion price has a $0.15 fixed floor price that limits the number of common shares upon conversion to an amount that is substantially below the Companys authorized common shares that can be issued. Additionally, the penalty associated with the default provision to maintain timely filings of all reports required by the Securities and Exchange Commission was removed. Lastly, the default provision related to the interest rate adjustment indexed to changes in the Companys common stock was removed. In the event of certain defaults, the Company would pay a default fixed interest rate of 9.75% per annum.
Based on the amended agreement, the Company determined that all potential derivative features associated with the original debenture agreement were removed.
The following table presents the activity during 2011 related to the debenture:
Principal balance of the debenture |
$ | 50,000 | ||
Less reduction for: |
||||
Intrinsic value of beneficial conversion feature |
(7,000 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Recorded at closing |
$ | 43,000 | ||
Amounts converted into common stock |
(50,000 | ) | ||
Amortization of beneficial conversion feature (interest expense) through June 30, 2011 |
7,000 | |||
|
|
|||
Carrying value at June 30, 2011 |
$ | |||
|
|
6. Options and warrants
The Companys 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan authorizes up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock to any employee or Consultant during any one calendar year for grants of both incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options to key employees, officers, directors, and consultants. Options granted under the Plan must be exercised within a term determined by the Board of Directors. The Option Price payable for the shares of Common Stock covered by any Option shall be determined by the Board of Directors, provided that such exercise price shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant of the Option and shall not, in any event, be less than the par value of a Share on the date of grant of the Option. The Company did not grant any options and warrants to consultants and directors during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2011.
The Companys 2008 Incentive Compensation Plan authorizes up to 5,000,000 shares of common stock to restrictions on resale upon the purchasers of the Stock from the employees or the consultants, unless contained in the written award approved by the Board of Directors. As of June 30, 2011, no shares have been issued under this plan.
The fair value of each option under the 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan was estimated on the date of grant using the Black Scholes model that uses assumptions noted in the following table. Expected volatility is based on the Companys historical market price at consistent points in periods equal to the expected life of the options. The expected term of options granted is based on the Companys historical experience. The risk-free interest rate for the periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The Company estimates forfeitures; both at the date of grant as well as throughout the requisite service period, based on the Companys historical experience and future expectations.
The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable at June 30, 2011, based on the Companys closing stock price of $0.17 was $63,000. The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable at June 30, 2010, based on the Companys closing stock price of $0.37 was $259,000. Intrinsic value is the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the options.
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During the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Company issued 0 and 0 warrants, respectively, in conjunction with the issuance of common stock. During the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Company issued 800,000 and 33,000 warrants, respectively, in conjunction with the issuance of common stock. The warrants entitle the holder to purchase 800,000 and 33,000 shares of the Companys common stock, respectively, at any time, at an exercise price of $0.30 per share.
The following table represents our stock option and warrant activity for the six months ended June 30, 2011:
Shares | Range
of Exercise Prices |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
||||||||||
Outstanding and Exercisable |
||||||||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2010 |
3,215,413 | $ | 0.10 2.00 | |||||||||
Options and warrants granted |
800,000 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.30 | |||||||
Options and warrants exercised |
||||||||||||
Options and warrants cancelled or expired |
(100,000 | ) | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.30 | ||||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2011 |
3,915,413 | $ | 0.10 $2.00 | |||||||||
Exercisable at June 30, 2011 |
3,915,413 | $ | 0.10 $2.00 |
The following table summarizes information about options and warrants outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2011:
Outstanding Options and Warrants | Exercisable Options and Warrants | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Range of Exercise Price |
Number Outstanding |
Weighted Average Remaining Life |
Weighted Average Price |
Weighted Average Remaining Life |
Number Exercisable |
Weighted Average Price |
||||||||||||||||||
$ 0.10 $2.00 |
3,915,413 | 3.85 Years | $ | 0.39 | 3.85 Years | 3,915,413 | $ | 0.39 |
Net cash proceeds from the exercise of options and warrants were $0 for each of the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.
8. Earnings per Share
Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted loss per share is computed giving effect to all potentially dilutive common shares. Potentially dilutive common shares may consist of incremental shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and warrants and the conversion of notes payable to common stock. In periods in which a net loss has been incurred, all potentially dilutive common shares are considered antidilutive and thus are excluded from the calculation. For the six month periods ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 and for the period from November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through June 30, 2011, the Company had 3,915,413, 2,027,913 and 3,915,413 potentially dilutive common stock options and warrants, respectively, which were not included in the computation of loss per share.
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
THIS FILING CONTAINS FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. THE WORDS ANTICIPATED, BELIEVE, EXPECT, PLAN, INTEND, SEEK, ESTIMATE, PROJECT, WILL, COULD, MAY, AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS ARE INTENDED TO IDENTIFY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. THESE STATEMENTS INCLUDE, AMONG OTHERS, INFORMATION REGARDING FUTURE OPERATIONS, FUTURE CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, AND FUTURE NET CASH FLOW. SUCH STATEMENTS REFLECT THE COMPANYS CURRENT VIEWS WITH RESPECT TO FUTURE EVENTS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND INVOLVE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES, INCLUDING,
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WITHOUT LIMITATION, GENERAL ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CONDITIONS, CHANGES IN FOREIGN, POLITICAL, SOCIAL, AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, REGULATORY INITIATIVES AND COMPLIANCE WITH GOVERNMENTAL REGULATIONS, THE ABILITY TO ACHIEVE FURTHER MARKET PENETRATION AND ADDITIONAL CUSTOMERS, AND VARIOUS OTHER MATTERS, MANY OF WHICH ARE BEYOND THE COMPANYS CONTROL. SHOULD ONE OR MORE OF THESE RISKS OR UNCERTAINTIES OCCUR, OR SHOULD UNDERLYING ASSUMPTIONS PROVE TO BE INCORRECT, ACTUAL RESULTS MAY VARY MATERIALLY AND ADVERSELY FROM THOSE ANTICIPATED, BELIEVED, ESTIMATED, OR OTHERWISE INDICATED. CONSEQUENTLY, ALL OF THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS MADE IN THIS FILING ARE QUALIFIED BY THESE CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS AND THERE CAN BE NO ASSURANCE OF THE ACTUAL RESULTS OR DEVELOPMENTS.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and plan of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere herein. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements including information about possible or assumed results of our financial conditions, operations, plans, objectives and performance that involve risk, uncertainties and assumptions. The actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. For example, when we indicate that we expect to increase our product sales and potentially establish additional license relationships, these are forward-looking statements. The words expect, anticipate, estimate or similar expressions are also used to indicate forward-looking statements.
OVERVIEW OF THE COMPANY
We are a development-stage company and not yet generating any revenues. We expect to continue the commercialization of our Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine (DCGT) technology. The licensor of the acquired technology has passed the research and development phase and has designed a working prototype. We need to redesign an engine for our application based on this proven Core Technology. We are relying on AbM Engineering in collaboration with AMEC to design, construct and test a 540 horsepower engine prototype for our licensed application (see Business of the Company, Our Product.).
The financing for our development activities to date has come from the sale of common stock. We intend to finance our future development activities and working capital needs largely from the sale of public equity securities with additional funding from a private placement or secondary offering of up to $10 million and other traditional financing sources, including term notes and proceeds from sub-licensing agreements until such time that funds provided by operations are sufficient to fund working capital requirements.
Since we have had a limited history of operations, we anticipate that our quarterly results of operations will fluctuate significantly for the foreseeable future. We believe that period-to-period comparisons of our operating results should not be relied upon as predictive of future performance. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties encountered by companies at an early stage of development, particularly companies commercializing new and evolving technologies such as the DCGT. In July 2002, we acquired the license for the DCGT technology for the manufacture and marketing of heavy-duty highway truck engine.
For the three months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2010
Research and Development Costs During the three months ended June 31, 2011 and 2010, research and development costs totaled $87,059 and $67,226, respectively. The increase of $19,833 was mainly attributable to additional costs incurred for the Companys Chief Technology Officer.
Operating Costs During the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, operating costs totaled $394,095 and $1,102,765, respectively. The decrease of $708,670 was mainly attributable to an approximate $378,000 decrease in consulting expense, $210,000 decreases in professional fees and an approximate $64,000 decrease in travel and entertainment expenses.
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Interest (Income) ExpenseNetDuring the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, net interest expense totaled $3,425 and $25,756, respectively. The decrease of $22,331 was primarily due to the Company issuing less convertible debentures to Golden Gate Investors, Inc. of $50,000 in 2011 and $253,000 in 2010.
The net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 was $484,579 and $1,195,747, respectively. The decrease of $711,168 was mainly attributable to the decrease in operating costs.
For the six months ended June 30, 2011 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2010
Research and Development Costs During the six months ended June 31, 2011 and 2010, research and development costs totaled $103,432 and $125,740, respectively. The decrease of $22,308 was mainly attributable to additional costs incurred for the testing of the DCGT engine in 2010.
Operating Costs During the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, operating costs totaled $1,209,127 and $1,698,665, respectively. The decrease of $489,538 was mainly attributable to an approximate $106,000 decrease in travel and entertainment expenses and an approximate $478,000 decrease in consulting expenses.
Interest (Income) ExpenseNetDuring the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, net interest expense totaled $6,988 and $34,320, respectively. The decrease of $27,332 was primarily due to the Company issuing less convertible debentures to Golden Gate Investors, Inc. of $50,000 in 2011 and $253,000 in 2010.
The net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 was $1,319,547 and $1,858,725, respectively. The decrease of $539,178 was mainly attributable to the decrease in operating costs.
Liquidity and capital resources
As shown in the accompanying financial statements, for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 and since November 27, 2000 (date of inception) through June 30, 2011, the Company has had net losses of $1,319,547, $1,858,725 and $15,452,694, respectively. As of June 30, 2011, the Company has not emerged from the development stage. In view of these matters, the Companys ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Companys ability to begin operations and to achieve a level of profitability. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to raise capital or begin operations to achieve a level of profitability to continue as a going concern. Since inception, the Company has financed its activities principally from the sale of public equity securities. The Company intends on financing its future development activities and its working capital needs largely from the sale of public equity securities with some additional funding from other traditional financing sources, including term notes and proceeds from sub-licensing agreements until such time that funds provided by operations are sufficient to fund working capital requirements.
As previously mentioned, since inception, we have financed our operations largely from the sale of common stock. From inception through June 30, 2011 we raised cash of approximately $3,646,000 net of issuance costs, through private placements of common stock financings and $795,000 through the issuance of convertible notes payable. Additionally, we have raised net proceeds from stockholder advances of approximately $109,000.
Since our inception through June 30, 2011 we have incurred $3,839,147 of research and development costs. These expenses were principally related to the acquisition of a license agreement in July 2002 in the amount of $2,735,649, which was expensed to research and development costs for the DCGT technology and general and administrative expenses.
We have incurred significant net losses and negative cash flows from operations since our inception. As of June 30, 2011, we had an accumulated deficit of $15,452,694 and working capital deficit of $26,283.
We anticipate that cash used in product development and operations, especially in the marketing, production and sale of our products, will increase significantly in the future.
On June 6, 2008, the Company issued a 7 3/4 Convertible Debenture to Golden Gate Investors, Inc. in the principal amount of $1,000,000, pursuant to Rule 506 promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, for the purpose of accessing necessary funding to continue operations.
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Pursuant to the terms of the Debenture, the related Securities Purchase Agreement, secured Promissory Note and Stock Pledge Agreement, each executed in connection therewith, the Company issued $1,000,000 Convertible Debenture (the Debenture) for the payment by Golden Gate of $100,000 in cash and the execution and delivery by Golden Gate of a $900,000 Secured Promissory Note of even date (the Note), bearing interest at 8% per annum.
The Debenture bears interest at 7.75% per annum, payable monthly, maturing June 30, 2012, and is secured by a Continuing Personal Guaranty by Michael H. Rouse, the Companys CEO. Originally, the Holder was entitled to convert into common stock of the company at the conversion price equal to the lesser of (i) $0.50, or (ii) 80% of the average of the 3 lowest Volume Weighted Average Prices during the 20 Trading Days prior to Holders election to convert, as such terms are defined in the Debenture. Effective January 15, 2010 the agreement was amended with the Holder and the conversion price having a $0.15 fixed floor price that limits the number of common shares upon conversion of a fixed amount. The Holder can only convert that amount of the Debenture that has actually been paid for by either cash at closing or principal pre-payments made on the Promissory Note.
Golden Gates secured Promissory Note is payable at the rate of 8% per annum, payable monthly and provides that for the prepayment of the Note in an amount not less than $200,000 monthly upon the happening of certain events. It matures on June 30, 2012. During 2011 and since inception, the Company has drawn $50,000 and $795,000, respectively, in proceeds related to the note. During 2011 and since inception, the Holder has converted $50,000 and $772,000 in convertible notes into 333,334 and 7,340,152 common shares, respectively.
Provided certain conditions are met, pursuant to the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement executed between the parties, Golden Gate or its assigns has the right to enter into 4 additional Debentures with the Company upon similar terms. The Company incurred no additional expenses in this matter and the Company is utilizing the proceeds for its on-going working capital needs.
We will be dependent upon our existing cash, together with anticipated net proceeds from a public offering and future debt issuances and private placements of common stock and potential license fees, to finance our planned operations through the next 12 months. We will continue to proceed in the design and testing phase of the DCGT engine during the next 12 months and will require additional funding to continue operations. Based on our anticipated growth, we plan to add several employees to our staff.
Additional capital may not be available when required or on favorable terms. If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to significantly reduce or refocus our operations or to obtain funds through arrangements that may require us to relinquish rights to certain or potential markets, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of such securities would result in ownership dilution to our existing stockholders.
The Company may receive proceeds in the future from the exercise of warrants and options outstanding as of June 30, 2011 in accordance with the following schedule:
Approximate Number of Shares |
Approximate Proceeds* |
|||||||
2006 Non-Plan Options and Warrants |
3,915,413 | $ | 1,531,533 |
* | Based on weighted average exercise price. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
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assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
We believe that the following critical policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in preparation of our financial statements.
We account for stock option grants in accordance with US GAAP. Stock-based compensation cost recognized during the periods ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 includes compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of January 1, 2006 and compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on their relative grant date fair values estimated in accordance with US GAAP. The Company recognizes compensation expenses on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
Determination of the fair values of stock option grants at the grant date requires judgment, including estimating the expected term of the relevant grants and the expected volatility of the Companys stock. Additionally, management must estimate the amount of stock option grants that are expected to be forfeited. The expected term of options granted represents the period of time that the options are expected outstanding and is based on historical experience of similar grants, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the grants, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior. The expected volatility is based upon our historical market price at consistent points in a period equal to the expected life of the options. Expected forfeitures are based on historical experience and expectations of future employee behavior.
Furniture and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated on a declining balance and straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, principally two to seven years. Accelerated methods are used for tax depreciation. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations when incurred. Betterments and renewals are capitalized. When furniture and equipment are sold or otherwise disposed of, the asset account and related accumulated depreciation account are relieved, and any gain or loss is included in operations. The Company records capital assets, however depreciation does not begin until the assets are placed in service.
The Company has incurred deferred offering costs in connection with raising additional capital through the sale of its common stock. These costs are capitalized and charged against additional paid-in capital when common stock is issued. If there is no issuance of common stock, the costs incurred are charged to operations.
Research and development costs are charged to operations when incurred and are included in operating expenses.
New Accounting Pronouncements
The Companys management does not believe that any recent codified pronouncements by the FASB will have a material impact on the Companys current or future financial statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Not applicable.
Item 4T. Controls and Procedures
The Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the Companys disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of and for the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based upon such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Companys disclosure controls and procedures were not effective. The controls were determined to be ineffective due to the lack of segregation of duties. Currently, management contracts with an outside CPA to perform the duties of the Chief Financial Officer and Principle Accounting Officer and an outside consultant to assist with the preparation of the filings. However, until the Company has received additional funding, they are unable to remediate the weakness.
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Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
No change in the Companys internal control over financial reporting occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
As of the date of this Quarterly Report, neither we nor any of our officers or directors is involved in any litigation either as plaintiffs or defendants. As of this date, there is not any threatened or pending litigation against us or any of our officers or directors.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
During the three and six month periods ended June 31, 2011, there was no modification of any instruments defining the rights of holders of the Companys common stock and no limitation or qualification of the rights evidenced by the Companys common stock as a result of the issuance of any other class of securities or the modification thereof.
During April 2011, the Company issued 65,000 shares of common stock for services valued at a price of $0.2775 per share.
During April 2011, the Company issued 166,667 shares of common stock for cash valued at a price of $0.15 per share.
During April 2011, the Company issued 71,428 shares of common stock for cash valued at a price of $0.14 per share.
During April 2011, the Company issued 260,000 shares of common stock for cash valued at a price of $0.10 per share.
During April 2011, the Company issued 82,353 shares of common stock for cash valued at a price of $0.17 per share.
During June 2011, the Company issued 2,000 shares of common stock for cash valued at a price of $0.18 per share.
During June 2011, the Company issued 6,000 shares of common stock for cash valued at a price of $0.10 per share.
During June 2011, the Company issued 250,000 shares of common stock for employee services valued at a price of $0.13 per share.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
There have been no defaults in any material payments during the covered period.
The Company does not have any other material information to report with respect to the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2011.
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Exhibits included herewith are:
31.1 | Certification of the Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Principal Financial Officer (This certification required as Exhibit 31 under Item 601(a) of Regulation S-K | |
31.2 | Certification of the Principal Accounting Officer (This certification required as Exhibit 31 under Item 601(a) of Regulation S-K |
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32.1 | Written Statements of the Chief Executive Officer, This certification required as Exhibit 32 under Item 601(a) of Regulation S-K is furnished in accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(iii) of Regulation S-K | |
32.2 | Written Statements of the Chief Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer (This certification required as Exhibit 32 under Item 601(a) of Regulation S-K is furnished in accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(iii) of Regulation S-K | |
101.INS ** | XBRL Instance Document | |
101.SCH ** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |
101.CAL ** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |
101.LAB ** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |
101.PRE ** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
** | XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information is furnished and not filed or a part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections. |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized:
TURBINE TRUCK ENGINES, INC. | ||
Dated: August 15, 2011 | /S/ MICHAEL ROUSE | |
| ||
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer) | ||
Dated: August 15, 2011 | /S/ REBECCA A. MCDONALD | |
| ||
Principal Accounting Officer |
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