Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2022 November (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended November 30, 2022

For the transition period from ______, 20___, to _____, 20___.

Commission File Number 001-40089

Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

(206) 617-9797

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

There were 144,857,518 shares of the Registrant’s $0.001 par value common stock outstanding as of May 24, 2023.

Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc.

Contents

Item 1. Financial Statements.

NOVO INTEGRATED SCIENCES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of November 30, 2022 (unaudited) and August 31, 2022

The accompanying footnotes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

NOVO INTEGRATED SCIENCES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

For the Three Months Ended November 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)

The accompanying footnotes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

NOVO INTEGRATED SCIENCES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

For the Three Months Ended November 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)

The accompanying footnotes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

NOVO INTEGRATED SCIENCES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the Three Months Ended November 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)

The accompanying footnotes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

NOVO INTEGRATED SCIENCES, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Three Months Ended November 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited)

Note 1 - Organization and Basis of Presentation

Organization and Line of Business

Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. (“Novo Integrated”) was incorporated in Delaware on November 27, 2000, under the name Turbine Truck Engines, Inc. On February 20, 2008, the Company was re-domiciled to the State of Nevada. Effective July 12, 2017, the Company’s name was changed to Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. When used herein, the terms the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Novo Integrated and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The Company owns Canadian and U.S. subsidiaries which provide, or intend to provide, essential and differentiated solutions to the delivery of multidisciplinary primary care and related wellness products through the integration of medical technology, interconnectivity, advanced therapeutics, diagnostic solutions, unique personalized product offerings, and rehabilitative science.

We believe that “decentralizing” healthcare, through the integration of medical technology and interconnectivity, is an essential solution to the rapidly evolving fundamental transformation of how non-catastrophic healthcare is delivered now and how it will be delivered in the future. Specific to non-critical care, ongoing advancements in both medical technology and inter-connectivity are allowing for a shift of the patient/practitioner relationship to the patient’s home and away from on-site visits to primary medical centers with mass-services. This acceleration of “ease-of-access” in the patient/practitioner interaction for non-critical care diagnosis and subsequent treatment minimizes the degradation of non-critical health conditions to critical conditions as well as allowing for more cost-effective and efficient healthcare distribution.

The Company’s decentralized healthcare business model is centered on three primary pillars to best support the transformation of non-catastrophic healthcare delivery to patients and consumers:

On April 25, 2017 (the “Effective Date”), we entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) by and between (i) Novo Integrated; (ii) Novo Healthnet Limited (“NHL”), (iii) ALMC-ASAP Holdings Inc. (“ALMC”); (iv) Michael Gaynor Family Trust (the “MGFT”); (v) 1218814 Ontario Inc. (“1218814”); and (vi) Michael Gaynor Physiotherapy Professional Corp. (“MGPP,” and together with ALMC, MGFT and 1218814, the “NHL Shareholders”). Pursuant to the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement, Novo Integrated agreed to acquire, from the NHL Shareholders, all of the shares of both common and preferred stock of NHL held by the NHL Shareholders in exchange for the issuance, by Novo Integrated to the NHL Shareholders, of shares of Novo Integrated common stock such that following the closing of the Share Exchange Agreement, the NHL Shareholders would own 16,779,741 restricted shares of Novo Integrated common stock, representing 85% of the issued and outstanding Novo Integrated common stock, calculated including all granted and issued options or warrants to acquire Novo Integrated common stock as of the Effective Date, but to exclude shares of Novo Integrated common stock that are subject to a then-current Regulation S offering that was undertaken by Novo Integrated (the “Exchange”).

On May 9, 2017, the Exchange closed and, as a result, NHL became a wholly owned subsidiary of Novo Integrated. The Exchange was accounted for as a reverse acquisition under the purchase method of accounting since NHL obtained control of Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. Accordingly, the Exchange was recorded as a recapitalization of NHL, with NHL being treated as the continuing entity. The historical financial statements presented are the financial statements of NHL. The Share Exchange Agreement was treated as a recapitalization and not as a business combination; therefore, no pro forma information is disclosed. At the closing date of the Exchange, the net assets of the legal acquirer, Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc., were $6,904.

Reverse Stock Split

On February 1, 2021, the Company effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of our common stock. As a result of the reverse stock split, every 10 shares of issued and outstanding common stock were exchanged for one share of common stock, with any fractional shares being rounded up to the next higher whole share. Unless otherwise noted, the share and per share information in this report have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the 1-for-10 reverse stock split.

Impact of COVID-19

While all of the Company’s business units are operational at the time of this filing, any future impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s operations remains unknown and will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, including the duration of the COVID-19 outbreak, new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, and any additional preventative and protective actions that governments, or the Company, may direct, which may result in an extended period of continued business disruption, reduced patient traffic and reduced operations. For more information regarding the impact of COVID-19 on the Company, see “Part I, Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Financial Impact of COVID-19” of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The information furnished herein reflects all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which in the opinion of management, are necessary to fairly state the Company’s financial position, the results of its operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally present in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP were omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.

The financial information contained in this report should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022, that the Company filed on April 3, 2023. The results of operations for the three months ended November 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the fiscal year ending August 31, 2023.

The Company’s Canadian subsidiaries’ functional currency is the Canadian Dollar (“CAD”) and the parent company’s functional currency is the United States Dollar (“$” or “USD”); however, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were translated and presented in USD.

Going Concern

The Company evaluated whether there are any conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. The Company has incurred recurring losses from operations, has negative cash flows from operating activities, and has an accumulated deficit as at November 30, 2022. The Company believes that its cash and other available resources may not be sufficient to meet its operating needs and the payment of obligations related to various business acquisitions as they come due within one year after the date the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued.

To alleviate these conditions, the Company is currently in the process of raising funds through a debt financing and a subsequent public offering in the United States. As the Company’s funding activities are ongoing, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to secure funding on terms that are acceptable to the Company, or at all. These conditions, along with the matters noted above, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. While management has developed and is in process to implement plans that management believes could alleviate in the future the substantial doubt that was raised, management concluded at the date of the issuance of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements that substantial doubt exists as those plans are not completely within the control of management. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not reflect the adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the reported expenses and consolidated balance sheets classifications that would be necessary if the Company were unable to realize its assets and settle its liabilities as a going concern in the normal course of operations. Such adjustments could be material.

Foreign Currency Translation

The accounts of the Company’s Canadian subsidiaries are maintained in CAD. The accounts of these subsidiaries are translated into USD in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 830, Foreign Currency Transaction, with the CAD as the functional currency. According to Topic 830, all assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, stockholders’ equity is translated at historical rates and statement of operations items are translated at the weighted average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under other comprehensive income in accordance with ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income. Gains and losses resulting from the translations of foreign currency transactions and balances are reflected in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. The following table details the exchange rates used for the respective periods:

 Schedule of Foreign Currency Translation, Exchange Rate Used

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. This applies in particular to going concern assessment, useful lives of non-current assets, impairment of non-current assets, allowance for doubtful receivables, allowance for slow moving and obsolete inventory, valuation of share-based compensation and warrants, and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and entities it controls including its wholly owned subsidiaries, NHL, Acenzia Inc. (“Acenzia”), Novomerica Health Group, Inc. (“NHG”), Novo Healthnet Rehab Limited, Novo Assessments Inc., PRO-DIP, LLC (“PRO-DIP”), a 91% controlling interest in Terragenx Inc. (“Terragenx”), a 50.1% controlling interest in 12858461 Canada Corp (“1285 Canada”), an 80% controlling interest in Novo Healthnet Kemptville Centre, Inc., a Back on Track Physiotherapy and Health Centre clinic operated by NHL, Clinical Consultants International, LLC and a 70% controlling interest in Novo Earth Therapeutics Inc. (currently inactive).

All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

An entity is controlled when the Company has the ability to direct the relevant activities of the entity, has exposure or rights to variable returns from its involvement with the entity, and is able to use its power over the entity to affect its returns from the entity.

Income or loss and each component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) are attributed to the shareholders of the Company and to the noncontrolling interests. Total comprehensive loss is attributed to the shareholders of the Company and to the noncontrolling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance on consolidation.

Noncontrolling Interest

The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, which governs the accounting for and reporting of non-controlling interests (“NCIs”) in partially owned consolidated subsidiaries and the loss of control of subsidiaries. Certain provisions of this standard indicate, among other things, that NCIs be treated as a separate component of equity, not as a liability, that increases and decreases in the parent’s ownership interest that leave control intact be treated as equity transactions rather than as step acquisitions or dilution gains or losses, and that losses of a partially owned consolidated subsidiary be allocated to the NCI even when such allocation might result in a deficit balance.

The net income (loss) attributed to the NCI is separately designated in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Cash Equivalents

For the purpose of the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows, cash equivalents include time deposits, certificate of deposits, and all highly liquid debt instruments with original maturities of three months or less.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded, net of allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns. Management reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentration, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns to determine if the allowance for doubtful accounts is adequate. An estimate for doubtful accounts is made when collection of the full amount is no longer probable. Delinquent account balances are written-off after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable and known bad debts are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts when identified. As of November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022, the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable was $957,375 and $992,329, respectively.

Inventory

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (determined by the first in, first out method) and net realizable value. Management compares the cost of inventories with the net realizable value and allowance is made for writing down their inventories to net realizable value, if lower. Inventory is segregated into three areas: raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods. The Company periodically assessed its inventory for slow moving and/or obsolete items and any change in the allowance is recorded in cost of revenues in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. If any are identified an appropriate allowance for those items is made and/or the items are deemed to be impaired. As of November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022, the Company’s allowance for slow moving or obsolete inventory was $997,467 and $1,027,670, respectively.

Other Receivables

Other receivables are recorded at cost and presented as current or long-term based on the terms of the agreements. Management reviews the collectability of other receivables and writes off the portion that is deemed to be uncollectible. During the period/year ended November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022, the Company wrote off $nil and $299,672 (principal amount of $225,924 and accrued interest of $73,748), respectively, of other receivables that were not expected to be collected.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less depreciation and impairment. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to earnings as incurred; additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is included in operations. Depreciation of property and equipment is provided using the declining balance method for substantially all assets with estimated lives as follows:

 Schedule of Estimated Useful Lives of Assets

Leases

The Company applies the provisions of ASC Topic 842, Leases which requires lessees to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet. The Company determines whether a contract is or contains a lease at inception of the contract and whether that lease meets the classification criteria of a finance or operating lease. When available, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments to present value; however, most of the Company’s leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, the Company must discount lease payments based on an estimate of its incremental borrowing rate.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company applies the provisions of ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, which addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. ASC 360 requires impairment losses to be recorded on long-lived assets, including right-of-use assets, used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the long-lived assets. Loss on long-lived assets to be disposed of is determined in a similar manner, except that fair values are reduced for the cost of disposal. Based on its review at November 30, 2022, the Company believes there was no impairment of its long-lived assets.

Intangible Assets

The Company’s intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives as follows:

 Schedule of Intangible Assets Amortized Estimated Useful Lives

The intangible assets with finite useful lives are reviewed for impairment when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the long-lived assets. Based on its reviews at November 30, 2022, the Company believes there was no impairment of its intangible assets.

Right-of-use Assets

The Company’s right-of-use assets consist of leased assets recognized in accordance with ASC 842, Leases, which requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a corresponding lease asset for virtually all lease contracts. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liability represents the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease, both of which are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. Leases with a lease term of 12 months or less at inception are not recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheet and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company determines the lease term by agreement with the lessor. In cases where the lease does not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company uses the Company’s incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of future payments.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the underlying net assets of businesses acquired. Under U.S. GAAP, goodwill is not amortized but is subject to annual impairment tests. The Company recorded goodwill related to its acquisition of APKA Health, Inc. (“APKA”) during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2017, Executive Fitness Leaders (“EFL”) during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2018, Action Plus Physiotherapy Rockland (“Rockland”) during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019, Acenzia during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021, and 1285 Canada during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022. As of August 31, 2022, the Company performed the required impairment reviews and determined that an impairment charge of $1,357,043 related to the goodwill for Acenzia was necessary. The Company determined that the carrying value was in excess of the expected fair value of discounted cash flows based on the current market and business environments, resulting in the need for impairment. The impairment was determined based on the discounted cash flow valuation model and the projected future cash flows of the underlying business. Based on its review at November 30, 2022, the Company believes there was no additional impairment of its goodwill.

Summary of changes in goodwill by acquired businesses is as follows:

 Schedule of Changes in Goodwill

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

For certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other receivables, accounts payable, accrued expenses, current portion of finance and operating lease liability, and due to related parties, the carrying amounts approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities.

FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, requires disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments held by the Company. FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, defines fair value, and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement that enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheets for receivables and current liabilities each qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of their fair values because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization, low risk of counterparty default and their current market rate of interest. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:

The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under FASB ASC Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, and FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging.

For certain financial instruments, the carrying amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other receivables, and current liabilities, including accounts payable, short-term notes payable, due to related parties, operating lease liability and finance lease liability, each qualify as a financial instrument, and are a reasonable estimate of their fair values because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest. The carrying value of notes payable approximates their fair values due to current market rate on such debt.

As of November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022, respectively, the Company did not identify any financial assets and liabilities required to be presented on the condensed consolidated balance sheet at fair value, except for cash and cash equivalents which are carried at fair value using Level 1 inputs and derivative liability which is carried at fair value using level 3 inputs.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Fair value accounting requires bifurcation of embedded derivative instruments such as conversion features in convertible debt or equity instruments and measurement of their fair value for accounting purposes. In assessing the convertible debt instruments, management determines if the convertible debt host instrument is conventional convertible debt and further if there is a beneficial conversion feature requiring measurement. If the instrument is not considered conventional convertible debt under ASC 470, the Company will continue its evaluation process of these instruments as derivative financial instruments under ASC 815. The Company applies the guidance in ASC 815-40-35-12 to determine the order in which each convertible instrument would be evaluated for derivative classification.

Once determined, derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each reporting period end, with any increase or decrease in the fair value being recorded in results of operations as an adjustment to the fair value of derivatives.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue recognition reflects the updated accounting policies as per the requirements of FASB Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”). As sales are and have been primarily from providing healthcare services the Company has no significant post-delivery obligations.

Revenue from providing healthcare and healthcare related services and product sales are recognized under Topic 606 in a manner that reasonably reflects the delivery of its products and services to customers in return for expected consideration and includes the following elements:

These five elements, as applied to the Company’s revenue category, are summarized below:

In arrangements where another party is involved in providing specified services to a customer, the Company evaluates whether it is the principal or agent. In this evaluation, the Company considers if the Company obtains control of the specified goods or services before they are transferred to the customer, as well as other indicators such as the party primarily responsible for fulfillment, inventory risk, and discretion in establishing price. For product sales where the Company is not the principal, the Company recognizes revenue on a net basis. For the periods presented, revenue for arrangements where the Company is the agent was not material.

Payments received before all of the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are satisfied are recorded as unearned revenue. Unearned revenue is included with accrued expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Sales returns and allowances were insignificant for the periods ended November 30, 2022 and 2021. The Company does not provide unconditional right of return, price protection or any other concessions to its customers.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. ASC 740 requires a company to use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion, or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

Under ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. The Company has no material uncertain tax positions for any of the reporting periods presented.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. FASB ASC Topic 718 requires companies to measure compensation cost for stock-based employee compensation at fair value at the grant date and recognize the expense over the requisite service period. The Company recognizes in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees and non-employees.

Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings Per Share. The calculations reflect the effects of the 1-for-10 reverse stock split that took place on February 1, 2021. Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS assumes that all dilutive securities are converted. Dilution is computed by applying the treasury stock method. Under this method, options and warrants are assumed to be exercised at the beginning of the period (or at the time of issuance, if later), and as if funds obtained thereby were used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period. There were 18,609,499 and 4,509,530 options/warrants outstanding at November 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In addition, at November 30, 2022, there were outstanding convertible notes that could convert into 4,441,359 shares of common stock and there were 4,113,411 shares of common stock to be issued.

Due to the net loss incurred potentially dilutive instruments would be anti-dilutive. Accordingly, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share for all periods presented.

Foreign Currency Transactions and Comprehensive Income

U.S. GAAP generally requires recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income. Certain statements, however, require entities to report specific changes in assets and liabilities, such as gain or loss on foreign currency translation, as a separate component of the equity section of the balance sheet. Such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income. The functional currency of the Company’s Canadian subsidiaries is the CAD and the functional currency of the parent company is the United States dollar. Translation losses of $420,982 and $431,605 for the period/year ended November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022, respectively, are classified as an item of other comprehensive income in the stockholders’ equity section of the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Statement of Cash Flows

Cash flows from the Company’s operations are calculated based upon the local currencies using the average translation rates. As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Segment Reporting

ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company’s management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. The Company determined it has two reportable segments. See Note 16.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts were reclassified to conform to the manner of presentation in the current period. These reclassifications had no effect on the net loss or shareholders’ equity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards could have a material effect on the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. As new accounting pronouncements are issued, we will adopt those that are applicable under the circumstances.

Note 3 – Related Party Transactions

Due to related parties

Amounts loaned to the Company by stockholders and officers of the Company are payable upon demand and unsecured. At November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022, the amount due to related parties was $417,718 and $478,897, respectively. At November 30, 2022, $335,710 was non-interest bearing, $21,304 bears interest at 6% per annum, and $60,704 bears interest at 13.75% per annum. At August 31, 2022, $394,405 was non-interest bearing, $21,949 bears interest at 6% per annum, and $62,543 bears interest at 13.75% per annum.

Note 4 – Accounts Receivables, net

Accounts receivables, net at November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022 consisted of the following:

 Schedule of Accounts Receivables, Net

Note 5 – Inventory

Inventory at November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022 consisted of the following:

 Schedule of Inventory

Note 6 – Other Receivables

Other receivables at November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022 consisted of the following:

 Schedule of Other Receivables

Note 7 – Property and Equipment

Property and equipment at November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022 consisted of the following:

 Schedule of Property and Equipment

Depreciation expense for the three months ended November 30, 2022 and 2021 was $60,043 and $74,606, respectively.

Certain property and equipment have been used to secure notes payable (See Note 10).

Note 8 – Intangible Assets

Intangible assets at November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022 consisted of the following:

 Schedule of Intangible Assets

Amortization expense for the three months ended November 30, 2022 and 2021 was $526,123 and $619,676, respectively.

Expected amortization expense of intangible assets over the next 5 years and thereafter is as follows:

 Schedule of Expected Amortization Expense of Intangible Assets

Note 9 – Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses at November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022 consisted of the following:

 Schedule of Accrued Expenses

Note 10 – Government Loans and Notes Payable

Notes payable at November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022 consisted of the following:

 Schedule of Governmental Loans and Note Payable

Future scheduled maturities of outstanding government loans and notes payable are as follows:

 Schedule of Future Maturities Outstanding of Governmental Loans and Note Payable

Note 11 – Convertible Notes Payable

Novo Integrated

On December 14, 2021, Novo Integrated issued two convertible notes payable for a total of $16,666,666 (the “$16.66m+ convertible notes”) with each note having a face amount of $8,333,333. The $16.66m+ convertible notes accrue interest at 5% per annum and are due on June 14, 2023. The $16.66m+ convertible notes are secured by all assets of the Company. The $16.66m+ convertible notes are convertible at the option of the note holders to convert into shares of the Company’s common stock at $2.00 per share.

In connection with the $16.66m+ convertible notes, the Company issued the note holders warrants to purchase a total of 5,833,334 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $2.00 per share. The warrants expire on December 14, 2025. The Company first determined the value of the $16.66m+ convertible notes and the fair value of the detachable warrants issued in connection with this transaction. The estimated value of the warrants of $7,680,156 was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:

The face amount of the $16.66m+ convertible notes of $16,666,666 was proportionately allocated to the $16.66m+ convertible notes and the warrants in the amount of $11,409,200 and $5,257,466, respectively. The amount allocated to the warrants of $5,257,466 was recorded as a discount to the convertible note and as additional paid in capital. The $16.66m+ convertible notes contained an original issue discount totaling $1,666,666 and the Company also incurred $1,140,000 in loan fees in connection with the $16.66m+ convertible notes. The combined total discount is $8,064,132 and will be amortized over the life of the $16.66m+ convertible notes.

On November 14, 2022, the $16.66m+ convertible notes were amended to provide the holders with conversion rights consisting of a conversion price to the first $1,000,000 of principal amount of each of the notes by the lower of (i) the conversion price in effect at such time and (ii) 82.0% of the lowest VWAP during the five (5) trading days immediately prior to a conversion date. The Company determined that the conversion features of these notes represented embedded derivatives since the notes are convertible into a variable number of shares upon conversion. As at November 30, 2022, the Company recorded a derivative liability of $1,390,380 (August 31, 2022 - $nil). The fair value of the derivative liability was calculated using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:

The derivative was recorded as a discount on the convertible notes, but only for an amount not in excess of and thus capped by the otherwise undiscounted amount of the convertible notes.

During the three months ended November 30, 2022, the Company amortized $1,490,513 of the debt discount and as November 30, 2022, the unamortized debt discount was $2,750,917.

During the three month period ended November 30, 2022, the Company made cash payments in the aggregate amount of $2,936,019 for the monthly Amortization Payment, $2,777,778 in principal and $158,241 in interest, pursuant to the terms and conditions of the $16.66m+ convertible notes.

During the three months ended November 30, 2022, an aggregate of $nil in principal and an aggregate of $nil in accrued interest were converted into shares of common stock issued to the $16.66m+ convertible note holders.

In connection with the $16.66m+ convertible notes, the Company is subject to certain financial covenants which the Company was not in compliance with as of November 30, 2022. This provided the lender the right to increase the interest rate to 15% per annum and rights to first ranking over all other notes held by the Company. However, subsequent to the year end, (see Note 17) the $16.66m+ convertible notes were settled without any additional charges or penalty due to non-compliance with the $16.66m+ convertible notes financial covenants.

Terragenx

On November 17, 2021, Terragenx, a 91% owned subsidiary of the Company, issued two convertible notes payable for a total of $1,875,000 (the “$1.875m convertible notes”) with each note having a face amount of $937,500. The $1.875m convertible notes accrue interest at 1% per annum and were due on May 17, 2022. On June 1, 2022, the Company made an aggregated payment in full of $948,874 to Platinum Point Capital LLC, (the “Platinum Note”) including all principal and interest owed, on one of the two convertible notes payable. As previously disclosed, on June 1, 2022, the Company and Jefferson Street Capital (“Jefferson”) agreed to extend the maturity date of one of the two convertible notes (the “Jefferson Note”), to November 29, 2022 with a principal amount face value of $946,875 and interest rate that shall accrue at a rate equal to 1% per annum.

The $1.875m convertible notes are secured by all assets of the Company. The $1.875m convertible notes are convertible at the option of the note holders to convert into shares of the Company’s common stock at $3.35 per share.

In connection with the $1.875m convertible notes, the Company issued the note holders warrants to purchase a total of 223,880 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $3.35 per share. The warrants expire on November 17, 2024. The Company first determined the value of the $1.875m convertible notes and the fair value of the detachable warrants issued in connection with this transaction. The estimated value of the warrants of $351,240 and was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:

The face amount of the $1.875m convertible notes of $1,875,000 was proportionately allocated to the $1.875m convertible notes and the warrants in the amount of $1,579,176 and $295,824, respectively. The amount allocated to the warrants of $295,824 was recorded as a discount to the $1.875m convertible notes and as additional paid in capital. The $1.875m convertible notes contained an original issue discount totaling $375,000 and the Company also incurred $90,000 in loan fees in connection with these $1.875m convertible notes. The combined total discount is $760,824 and will be amortized over the life of the $1.875m convertible notes. The debt discount was fully amortized during the year ended August 31, 2022.

On December 2, 2022, the Company made a partial payment of $200,000 to Jefferson toward principal and interest owed on the Jefferson Note, leaving a balance of $746,875. On December 13, 2022, the Company, Terra and Jefferson entered into a letter agreement. Pursuant to the terms of the letter agreement, Jefferson agreed to forbear from entering an event of default under the terms of the Jefferson Note and related transaction documents until December 29, 2022. Effective February 16, 2023, the Jefferson Note has been paid in full.

Note 12 – Debentures, Related Parties

On September 30, 2013, the Company issued five debentures totaling CAD$6,402,512 (approximately $6,225,163 on September 30, 2013) in connection with the acquisition of certain business assets. The holders of the debentures are current stockholders, officers and/or affiliates of the Company. The debentures are secured by all the assets of the Company, accrue interest at 8% per annum and were originally due on September 30, 2016. On December 2, 2017, the debenture holders agreed to extend the due date to September 30, 2019. On September 27, 2019, the debenture holders agreed to extend the due date to September 30, 2021. On November 2, 2021, the debenture holders agreed to extend the due date to December 1, 2023.

On January 31, 2018, the debenture holders converted 75% of the debenture value of $3,894,809 plus accrued interest of $414,965 into 1,047,588 shares of the Company’s common stock. The per share price used for the conversion of each debenture was $4.11 which was determined as the average price of the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the date of conversion with a 10% premium added to the calculated per share price.

On July 21, 2020, the Company made a partial repayment of a debenture due to a related party of $267,768.

At November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022, the amount of debentures outstanding was $918,439 and $946,250, respectively.

Note 13 – Leases

Operating leases

The Company determines whether a contract is or contains a lease at inception of the contract and whether that lease meets the classification criteria of a finance or operating lease. When available, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments to present value; however, most of the Company’s leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, the Company discounts lease payments based on an estimate of its incremental borrowing rate.

The Company leases its corporate office space and certain facilities under long-term operating leases expiring through fiscal year 2028.

The table below presents the lease related assets and liabilities recorded on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022:

 Schedule of Lease Related Assets and Liabilities

Future minimum operating lease payments are as follows:

 Schedule of Lease Obligations

During the three months ended November 30, 2022, the Company did not enter into any new lease obligation.

The lease expense for the three months ended November 30, 2022 and 2021 was $209,846 and $216,905, respectively. The cash paid under operating leases for the three months ended November 30, 2022 and 2021 was $202,465 and $207,683, respectively. At November 30, 2022, the weighted average remaining lease terms were 3.95 years and the weighted average discount rate was 8%.

Finance Leases

The Company leases certain equipment under lease contracts that are accounted for as finance leases. If the contracts meet the criteria for a finance lease, the related equipment underlying the lease contract is capitalized and amortized over its estimated useful life. If the cost of the equipment is not available, the Company calculates the cost by taking the present value of the lease payments using an implicit borrowing rate of 5%.

The net book value of equipment under finance leases included in property and equipment on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets at November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022 is as follows:

 Schedule of Finance Leases

Future minimum finance lease payments are as follows:

 Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments

Note 14 – Stockholders’ Equity

Convertible Preferred Stock

The Company has authorized 1,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value convertible preferred stock. At November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022, there were 0 and 0 convertible preferred shares issued and outstanding, respectively.

Common Stock

The Company has authorized 499,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value common stock. On February 1, 2021, the Company effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of our common stock. As a result of the reverse stock split, every 10 shares of issued and outstanding common stock were exchanged for one share of common stock, with any fractional shares being rounded up to the next higher whole share. At November 30, 2022 and August 31, 2022, there were 39,890,811 and 31,180,603 common shares issued and outstanding, respectively.

During the three months ended November 30, 2022, the Company issued:

Common Stock to be Issued

As of November 30, 2022, in connection with the acquisition of Acenzia, Terragenx, 1285 Canada, and Poling Taddeo Hovius Physiotherapy Professional Corp, the Company has allotted and is obligated to issue 4,113,411 shares of the Company’s common stock.

Stock Options

On September 8, 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders holding a majority of the Company’s outstanding common stock approved the Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. 2015 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2015 Plan”), which authorized the issuance of up to 500,000 shares of common stock to employees, officers, directors or independent consultants of the Company, provided that no person can be granted shares under the 2015 Plan for services related to raising capital or promotional activities. As of November 30, 2022, the 2015 Plan had 498,750 shares available for award; however, the Company does not intend to issue any additional grants under the 2015 Plan.

On January 16, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders holding a majority of the Company’s outstanding common stock approved the Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. 2018 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2018 Plan”). Under the 2018 Plan, 1,000,000 shares of common stock are authorized for the grant of stock options and the issuance of restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, phantom stock and performance awards to officers, directors, employees and eligible consultants to the Company or its subsidiaries. As of November 30, 2022, the 2018 Plan had 864,900 shares available for award; however, the Company does not intend to issue any additional grants under the 2018 Plan.

On February 9, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders holding a majority of the Company’s outstanding common stock approved the Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”). Under the 2021 Plan, a total of 4,500,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance pursuant to the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units, performance shares or other cash- or stock-based awards to officers, directors, employees and eligible consultants to the Company or its subsidiaries. Subject to adjustment as provided in the 2021 Plan, the maximum aggregate number of shares that may be issued under the 2021 Plan is eligible to be cumulatively increased on January 1, 2022 and on each subsequent January 1 through and including January 1, 2023, by a number of shares equal to the smaller of (i) 3% of the number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding on the immediately preceding December 31, or (ii) an amount determined by our Board of Directors. The Company chose not to cumulatively increase the shares authorized for issuance under the 2021 Plan effective January 1, 2023. As of November 30, 2022, the 2021 Plan had 3,754,665 shares available for award.

The following is a summary of stock options activity:

 Schedule of Stock Option Activity

The exercise price for stock options outstanding at November 30, 2022:

 Schedule of Options Outstanding

No options were granted during the three months ended November 30, 2022.

For options granted during the three months ended November 30, 2021 where the exercise price equaled the stock price at the date of the grant, the weighted-average fair value of such options was $3.76, and the weighted-average exercise price of such options was $3.80. No options were granted during the three months ended November 30, 2021 where the exercise price was less than the stock price at the date of grant or the exercise price was greater than the stock price at the date of grant.

The fair value of the stock options is being amortized to stock option expense over the vesting period. The Company recorded stock option expense of $60,887 and $154,135 during the three months ended November 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. At November 30, 2022, the unamortized stock option expense was $60,887, which will be amortized into expense through February 2023.

The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of options granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for options granted are as follows for the options granted during the three months ended November 30, 2022 and 2021:

 Schedule of Fair Value of Options Granted by Using Valuation Assumptions

Warrants

The following is a summary of warrant activity:

 Schedule of Warrant Activity

The exercise price for warrants outstanding at November 30, 2022:

 Schedule of Exercise Price of Warrants Outstanding

Note 15 – Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

The Company is party to certain legal proceedings from time-to-time incidental to the conduct of its business. These proceedings could result in fines, penalties, compensatory or treble damages or non-monetary relief. The nature of legal proceedings is such that the Company cannot assure the outcome of any particular matter, and an unfavorable ruling or development could have a materially adverse effect on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows in the period in which a ruling or settlement occurs. However, based on information available to the Company’s management to date, the Company’s management does not expect that the outcome of any matter pending against the Company is likely to have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial position as of November 30, 2022, results of operations, cash flows or liquidity of the Company.

Note 16 – Segment Reporting

ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company’s management organizes segments within the Company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. The Company has two reportable segments: healthcare services and product sales.

The following tables summarize the Company’s segment information for the three months ended November 30, 2022 and 2021:

 Schedule of Segment Reporting Information

Note 17 – Subsequent Events

Share Issuances in Connection with Warrant Exercises

Subsequent to the period ended November 30, 2022, the Company issued an aggregate of 3,910,000 shares of common stock to certain warrant holders upon exercise of their warrants related to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-267401) declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 13, 2022.

Share Issuances in Connection with Note Conversions

Subsequent to the period ended November 30, 2022, the Company issued an aggregate of 94,185,340 shares of common stock to certain note holders upon conversion of their notes. As of May [*], 2023, (i) the principal balance owed by the Company to Hudson Bay pursuant to the senior secured convertible note, dated as of December 14, 2021, as amended, issued by the Company to Hudson Bay is $0, (ii) the principal balance owed by the Company to CVI pursuant to the senior secured convertible note, dated as of December 14, 2021, as amended, issued by the Company to CVI is $0; and (iii) the principal balance owed by the Company to Jefferson pursuant to the secured convertible note, dated as of November 17, 2021, as amended, issued by the Company to Jefferson is $0.

Share Issuance in Exchange for Certain NHL Non-Voting Special Shares

Subsequent to the period ended November 30, 2022, the Company issued 3,202,019 shares of common stock in exchange for certain non-voting special shares of NHL, previously issued in connection with NHL’s acquisition of Acenzia that closed on June 24, 2021.

Nasdaq Notification—Minimum Bid Price Requirement

On November 21, 2022, the Company received a notification letter (the “November Notification Letter”) from The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC (“Nasdaq”) that it is not in compliance with the minimum bid price requirements set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market. Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) requires listed securities to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share, and Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A) provides that a failure to meet the minimum bid price requirement exists if the deficiency continues for a period of 30 consecutive business days. Based on the closing bid price of the Company’s common stock between October 10, 2022 and November 11, 2022, the Company no longer meets the minimum bid price requirement. The November Notification Letter has no immediate effect on the listing or trading of the Company’s common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market and, at this time, the common stock will continue to trade on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “NVOS.”

The November Notification Letter provides that the Company has 180 calendar days, or until May 22, 2023, to regain compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2). To regain compliance, the bid price of the Company’s common stock must have a closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days. If the Company does not regain compliance by May 22, 2023, an additional 180 days may be granted to regain compliance, so long as the Company meets The Nasdaq Capital Market continued listing requirements (except for the bid price requirement) and notifies Nasdaq in writing of its intention to cure the deficiency during the second compliance period. If the Company does not qualify for the second compliance period or fails to regain compliance during the second 180-day period, then Nasdaq will notify the Company of its determination to delist the Company’s common stock, at which point the Company will have an opportunity to appeal the delisting determination to a hearings panel.

The Company intends to monitor the closing bid price of its common stock and will consider implementing available options to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement under the Nasdaq Listing Rules.

Information Statement on Schedule 14C

On January 4, 2023, the Company filed with the SEC a definitive information statement on Schedule 14C (the “14C”). The 14C relates to the notice to stockholders concerning the approval by written consent of stockholders holding a majority of the Company’s issued and outstanding voting securities (the “Majority Stockholders”) of the effectuation of the transactions provided for in each exchange offer and amendment entered into on November 14, 2022 by the Company (the “Exchange Offers and Amendments”) with CVI and Hudson Bay, including but not limited to the following amendments to the senior secured convertible notes, dated as of December 14, 2021, issued by the Company to CVI and Hudson (the “Notes”):

(i) the definition of Conversion Price (as defined in the Notes) (the “Conversion Price”) shall be amended such that, as to the first $1,000,000 of principal amount of each of the Notes converted after the date that shareholder approval is obtained, the Conversion Price shall be the lower of (i) the Conversion Price in effect at such time and (ii) 82.0% of the lowest VWAP (as defined in Notes) during the five trading days immediately prior to the applicable conversion date (the “Adjusted Conversion Price”), provided, however, that the portion of the first $1,000,000 of principal amount of each of the Notes that is converted pursuant to a voluntary conversion by the holders of each of the Notes shall reduce each of the remaining Amortization Redemption Amounts proportionately on a pro rata basis;

(ii) Each of the holders of the Notes may accelerate up to four Amortization Redemption Amounts (as defined in the Notes) provided that such holder agrees to accept shares of Common Stock instead of cash for such payments at a price per share equal to the Adjusted Conversion Price as calculated on the immediately preceding Amortization Date (as defined in the Notes)); and

(iii) upon mutual consent by the Company and each of the holders of the Notes, such holder may elect to utilize the Adjusted Conversion Price for the balance of the Notes.

Accordingly, the Majority Stockholders approved, by written consent, the issuance of the total number of shares of Company common stock of the Company necessary to effectuate the Exchange Offers and Amendments, which is currently an indeterminate number due to the methodology of the conversion pricing as described herein and in the Exchange Offers and Amendments.

Stockholder approval of the Exchange Offers and Amendments was required by Rule 5635(d) of The Nasdaq Stock Market, which requires stockholder approval prior to a 20% issuance of securities at a price that is less than the Minimum Price (as defined in the information statement) in a transaction other than a public offering. A 20% issuance is a transaction, other than a public offering, involving the sale, issuance or potential issuance by the company of common stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable for common stock), which alone or together with sales by officers, directors or substantial stockholders of the company, equals 20% or more of the common stock or 20% or more of the voting power outstanding before the issuance.

Such approval and consent by the Majority Stockholders constitute the approval and consent of a majority of the total number of shares of the Company’s outstanding voting stock and is sufficient under the Nevada Revised Statutes, the Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended, and the Company’s Bylaws to approve the Exchange Offers and Amendments. Accordingly, the actions will not be submitted to the other stockholders of the Company for a vote, and the information statement has been furnished to such other stockholders to provide them with certain information concerning the actions in accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, and the regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act, including Regulation 14C.

As of May 24, 2023, (i) the principal balance owed by the Company to Hudson Bay pursuant to the senior secured convertible note, dated as of December 14, 2021, as amended, issued by the Company to Hudson Bay is $0, and (ii) the principal balance owed by the Company to CVI pursuant to the senior secured convertible note, dated as of December 14, 2021, as amended, issued by the Company to CVI is $0. See “—Share Issuances in Connection with Note Conversions.”

Jefferson Street Letter Agreement

As previously disclosed, on June 1, 2022, the Company and Jefferson agreed to extend the maturity date of the Jefferson Note to November 29, 2022 with a principal amount face value of $946,875 and interest rate that shall accrue at a rate equal to 1% per annum. On December 2, 2022, the Company made a partial payment of $200,000 toward principal and interest owed on the Jefferson Note, leaving a balance of $746,875. On December 13, 2022, the Company, Terra and Jefferson entered into a letter agreement. Pursuant to the terms of the letter agreement, Jefferson agreed to forbear from entering an event of default under the terms of the Jefferson Note and related transaction documents until December 29, 2022. In addition, the parties agreed to release the Collateral Shares to Jefferson. Effective February 16, 2023, the Jefferson Note has been paid in full.

Nasdaq Notification—Delinquent Form 10-K and Form 10-Q Filings

On December 15, 2022, the Company received a notification letter (the “December Notification Letter”) from Nasdaq that it was not in compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing rules due to its failure to timely file its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022 (the “2022 10-K”). On January 25, 2023, the Company received a notification letter (the “January Notification Letter”) from Nasdaq advising the Company that it was not in compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements as a result of its failure to timely file the 2022 10-K and its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended November 30, 2022 (the “Form 10-Q”). On February 13, 2023, the Company submitted a plan to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing rules with respect to the 2022 10-K and the Form 10-Q. If Nasdaq accepted the Company’s plan, then Nasdaq could grant an exception of up to 180 calendar days from the due date of the 2022 10-K to regain compliance. On February 17, 2023 and March 22, 2023, based on Nasdaq’s further review, Nasdaq granted an exception to enable the Company to regain compliance with the Nasdaq’s continued listing rules. The terms of the exception are as follows: on or before May 29, 2023, the Company must file the 2022 10-K, the Form 10-Q, and any other filings required by Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). The Company filed the 2022 10-K on April 3, 2023.

SwagCheck Agreement

On December 23, 2022, the Company, SwagCheck Inc. (“SWAG”), and all SWAG shareholders (collectively, the “SWAG Shareholders”) entered into that certain Share Purchase Agreement (the “SWAG Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the SWAG Agreement, the Company agreed to purchase, and the SWAG Shareholders agreed to sell to the Company, 100% of the outstanding shares of SWAG in exchange for $1.00 (the “SWAG Purchase”). SWAG holds a specific right of purchase of a precious gem collection (the “Gems”) as provided for in an agreement between SWAG and a Court-appointed Successor Receiver for the United States District Court for the Central District of California (the “Receiver”).

The parties have made customary representations, warranties and covenants in the SWAG Agreement. In addition to certain customary closing conditions, the obligations of SWAG and the SWAG Shareholders to consummate the closing of the SWAG Purchase are subject to the satisfaction (or waiver by any of SWAG or the SWAG Shareholders), at or before the closing date, of certain conditions, including that (i) the Company will have received a financing commitment of at least $90 million by December 27, 2022, with a closing date no later than December 30, 2022, (ii) $60 million will be distributed directly to a Receiver for the purchase of the Gems by SWAG, and (iii) $30 million is a Mark-up to be distributed for the benefit of the outgoing SWAG Shareholders.

In addition to certain customary closing conditions in the SWAG Agreement, the obligations of SWAG and the SWAG Shareholders to consummate the closing of the SWAG Purchase were subject to the satisfaction (or waiver by any of SWAG or the SWAG Shareholders), at or before the closing date, of certain conditions, including that (i) the Company will have provided SWAG with a binding letter of intent (a “LOI”) by a competent financing party for financing in the amount of at least $90 million by December 27, 2022 with a closing date no later than December 30, 2022, (ii) $60 million will be distributed directly to the Receiver for the purchase of the Gems by SWAG, and (iii) $30 million is a mark-up to be distributed for the benefit of the outgoing SWAG Shareholders.

On December 30, 2022, the Company, SWAG and the SWAG Shareholders entered into Amendment No. 1 to the SWAG Agreement (the “SWAG Amendment”). Pursuant to the terms of the SWAG Amendment, the parties agreed as follows:

Although the SWAG Agreement has not yet closed, the parties continue to work together with the intention of closing the transaction. Following the closing of SWAG Purchase, SWAG will be a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and will own title to the Gems, which the Company intends to either collateralize or sell to raise capital.

Mast Hill Securities Purchase Agreement & Note

On February 23, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Mast Hill SPA”) with Mast Hill Fund, L.P. (“Mast Hill”), pursuant to which the Company issued an 12% unsecured promissory note (the “Mast Hill Note”) with a maturity date of February 23, 2024 (the “Mast Hill Maturity Date”), in the principal sum of $573,000 (the “Mast Hill Principal Sum”). In addition, the Company issued a common stock purchase warrant for the purchase of up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Mast Hill Warrant”) to Mast Hill pursuant to the Mast Hill SPA. Pursuant to the terms of the Mast Hill Note, the Company agreed to pay the Mast Hill Principal Sum to Mast Hill and to pay interest on the principal balance at the rate of 12% per annum. The Mast Hill Note carries an OID of $57,300. Accordingly, on the closing date, Mast Hill paid the purchase price of $515,700 in exchange for the Mast Hill Note and the Mast Hill Warrant. Mast Hill may convert the Mast Hill Note into shares of the Company’s common stock at any time at a conversion price equal to $0.175 per share, subject to adjustment as provided in the Mast Hill Note (including but not limited to certain price protection provisions in case of future dilutive offerings, subject to certain customary exempt transactions) as well as certain beneficial ownership limitations.

Pursuant to the terms of the Mast Hill Note, the Company agreed to pay accrued interest monthly as well as the Mast Hill Principal Sum as follows: (i) $57,300 on August 23, 2023, (ii) 57,300 on September 23, 2023, (iii) $57,300 on October 23, 2023, (iv) $100,000 on November 23, 2023, (v) $100,000 on December 23, 2023, (vi) $100,000 on January 23, 2023, and (vii) all remaining amounts owed under the Mast Hill Note on the Mast Hill Maturity Date (each of the aforementioned payments are an “Amortization Payment”). If the Company fails to make any Amortization Payment, then Mast Hill shall have the right to convert the amount of such respective Amortization Payment into shares of common stock as provided in the Mast Hill Note at the lesser of (i) the then applicable conversion price under the Mast Hill Note, or (ii) 85% of the lowest VWAP of the Company’s common stock on any trading day during the five trading days prior to the respective conversion date.

The Company may prepay the Mast Hill Note at any time prior to the date that an Event of Default (as defined in the Mast Hill Note) occurs at an amount equal to the Mast Hill Principal Sum then outstanding plus accrued and unpaid interest (no prepayment premium) plus $750 for administrative fees. The Mast Hill Note contains customary events of default relating to, among other things, payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, and breach of provisions of the Mast Hill Note, Mast Hill Warrant, or Mast Hill SPA.

Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, the Mast Hill Note shall become immediately due and payable and the Company shall pay to Mast Hill, in full satisfaction of its obligations hereunder, an amount equal to the Mast Hill Principal Sum then outstanding plus accrued interest multiplied by 125%. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, additional interest will accrue from the date of the Event of Default at the rate equal to the lower of 16% per annum or the highest rate permitted by law.

The Mast Hill Warrant is exercisable for five years from February 23, 2023, at an exercise price of $0.25 per share, subject to adjustment as provided in the Mast Hill Warrant. The Mast Hill Warrant also contains certain cashless exercise provisions as well as price protection provisions providing for adjustment of the number of shares of the Company’s common stock issuable upon exercise of the Mast Hill Warrant and the exercise price in case of future dilutive offerings, subject to certain customary exempt transactions.

As additional consideration for the purchase of the Mast Hill Note and pursuant to the terms of the Mast Hill SPA, on February 24, 2023, the Company issued 955,000 restricted shares of common stock (the “Commitment Shares”) to Mast Hill at closing. The Mast Hill SPA contains customary representations, warranties, and covenants of the Company, including, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, piggy-back registration rights with respect to the Commitment Shares as well as the shares of common stock underlying the Mast Hill Note and the Mast Hill Warrant. In addition to the beneficial ownership limitations provided in the Mast Hill Note and the Mast Hill Warrant, the sum of the number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the Mast Hill SPA (including the Commitment Shares), the Mast Hill Note, and the Mast Hill Warrant shall be limited to 19.99% of the issued and outstanding common stock on the closing date (equal to 27,720,448 shares) as further described in the Mast Hill SPA, unless shareholder approval to exceed such limitation is obtained by the Company.

On March 23, 2023, the Company made a monthly interest-only payment to Mast Hill in the amount of $5,086. On April 24, 2023, the company made a monthly interest-only payment to Mast Hill in the amount of $5,840.

March 2023 FirstFire Securities Purchase Agreement, Note & Warrant

On March 21, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with FirstFire, pursuant to which the Company issued an 12% unsecured promissory note (the “2023 FirstFire Note”) with a maturity date of March 21, 2024, in the principal sum of $573,000 (the “Principal Sum”). In addition, the Company issued a common stock purchase warrant for the purchase of up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “2023 FirstFire Warrant”) to FirstFire pursuant to the SPA. Pursuant to the terms of the 2023 FirstFire Note, the Company agreed to pay the Principal Sum to FirstFire and to pay interest on the principal balance at the rate of 12% per annum. The 2023 FirstFire Note carries an OID of $57,300. Accordingly, on the closing date, FirstFire paid the purchase price of $515,700 in exchange for the 2023 FirstFire Note and the 2023 FirstFire Warrant. FirstFire may convert the 2023 FirstFire Note into the Company’s common stock at any time at a conversion price equal to $0.175 per share, subject to adjustment as provided in the 2023 FirstFire Note (including but not limited to certain price protection provisions in case of future dilutive offerings, subject to certain customary exempt transactions) as well as certain beneficial ownership limitations.

Pursuant to the terms of the 2023 FirstFire Note, the Company agreed to pay accrued interest monthly as well as the Principal Sum as follows: (i) $57,300 on September 21, 2023, (ii) 57,300 on October 21, 2023, (iii) $57,300 on November 21, 2023, (iv) $100,000 on December 21, 2023, (v) $100,000 on January 21, 2024, (vi) $100,000 on February 21, 2024, and (vii) all remaining amounts owed under the 2023 FirstFire Note on the maturity date (each of the aforementioned payments are an “Amortization Payment”). If the Company fails to make any Amortization Payment, then FirstFire shall have the right to convert the amount of such respective Amortization Payment into shares of common stock as provided in the 2023 FirstFire Note at the lesser of (i) the then applicable conversion price under the 2023 FirstFire Note or (ii) 85% of the lowest VWAP of the Company’s common stock on any trading day during the five trading days prior to the respective conversion date.

The Company may prepay the 2023 FirstFire Note at any time prior to the date that an event of default (as provided in the 2023 FirstFire Note) occurs at an amount equal to the Principal Sum then outstanding plus accrued and unpaid interest (no prepayment premium) plus $750 for administrative fees. The 2023 FirstFire Note contains customary events of default relating to, among other things, payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, and breach of provisions of the 2023 FirstFire Note, the 2023 FirstFire Warrant, or SPA.

Upon the occurrence of any event of default, the 2023 FirstFire Note shall become immediately due and payable and the Company shall pay to FirstFire, in full satisfaction of its obligations hereunder, an amount equal to the Principal Sum then outstanding plus accrued interest multiplied by 125% (the “Default Amount”). Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, additional interest will accrue from the date of the Event of Default at the rate equal to the lower of 16% per annum or the highest rate permitted by law.

The 2023 FirstFire Warrant is exercisable for five years from March 21, 2023, at an exercise price of $0.25 per share, subject to adjustment as provided in the 2023 FirstFire Warrant. The 2023 FirstFire Warrant also contains certain cashless exercise provisions as well as price protection provisions providing for adjustment of the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the 2023 FirstFire Warrants and the exercise price in case of future dilutive offerings, subject to certain customary exempt transactions.

As additional consideration for the purchase of the 2023 FirstFire Note and pursuant to the terms of the SPA, on March 22, 2023, the Company issued 955,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Commitment Shares”) to FirstFire at closing. The SPA contains customary representations, warranties, and covenants of the Company, including, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, piggy-back registration rights with respect to the Commitment Shares as well as the shares of common stock underlying the 2023 FirstFire Note and the 2023 FirstFire Warrant. In addition to the beneficial ownership limitations provided in the 2023 FirstFire Note and the 2023 FirstFire Warrant, the sum of the number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the SPA (including the Commitment Shares), the 2023 FirstFire Note, and 2023 FirstFire Warrant shall be limited to 10,000,000 shares as further described in the SPA, unless shareholder approval to exceed such limitation is obtained by the Company.

On April 21, 2023, the company made a monthly interest-only payment to FirstFire in the amount of $5,730.

RC Consulting Group SPA & Unsecured $70 Million Note

On April 26, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “RC SPA”), dated as of April 26, 2023, with RC Consulting Group LLC in favor of SCP Tourbillion Monaco or registered assigns (the “RC Noteholder”), pursuant to which the Company issued an unsecured 15-year promissory note to the RC Noteholder (the “RC Note”) with a maturity date of April 26, 2038, in the principal sum of $70,000,000, which amount represents the $57,000,000 purchase price plus a yield (non-compounding) of 1.52% (zero coupon) per annum from April 26, 2023 until the same becomes due and payable as provided in the RC Note. The RC Note may be prepaid as set forth in the RC Note and ranks pari passu with all unsecured indebtedness of the Company.

Pursuant to the terms of the RC Note, at the RC Noteholder’s option, the sale, conveyance or disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, or the consolidation, merger or other business combination of the Company with or into any other person(s) when the Company is not the survivor will either: (i) be deemed to be an Event of Default (as defined in the RC Note) pursuant to which the Company will be required to pay to the RC Noteholder upon the consummation of and as a condition to such transaction an amount equal to the Default Amount (as hereinafter defined), or (ii) be treated pursuant to Section 1.6(b) of the RC Note.

The RC Note contains customary covenants for a transaction of this type. Among other things, so long as the RC Note is outstanding, the Company will not enter into any transaction or arrangement structured in accordance with, based upon, or related or pursuant to, in whole or in part, Section 3(a)(10) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (a “3(a)(10) Transaction”). In the event that the Company does enter into, or makes any issuance of common stock related to a 3(a)(10) Transaction while the RC Note is outstanding, a liquidated damages charge of 25% of the outstanding principal balance of the RC Note, but not less than $1,000,000, will be assessed and will become immediately due and payable to the RC Noteholder at its election in the form of a cash payment or added to the balance of the RC Note (under the RC Noteholder’s and the Company’s expectation that this amount will tack back to the date of issuance of the RC Note).

The RC Note contains customary events of default relating to, among other things, payment defaults, breach of representations and warranties, and breach of provisions of the RC SPA or the RC Note.

Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default (as defined in the RC Note), the RC Note will become immediately due and payable, and the Company will pay to the RC Noteholder, in full satisfaction of its obligations thereunder, an amount equal to the principal amount then outstanding plus accrued interest (including any default interest) through the date of full repayment multiplied by 125% (collectively, the “Default Amount”), as well as all costs, including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses, of collection, all without demand, presentment or notice.

The RC SPA contains customary covenants, representations and warranties for a transaction of this type.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), provide a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company. The Company and its representatives may from time to time make written or oral statements that are “forward-looking,” including statements contained in this report and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and in our reports and presentations to stockholders or potential stockholders. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “potential,” “continue” or similar expressions. Such forward-looking statements include risks and uncertainties and there are important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These factors, risks and uncertainties can be found in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022, as the same may be updated from time to time, including in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Although we believe the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, it is not possible to foresee or identify all factors that could have a material effect on the future financial performance of the Company. The forward-looking statements in this report are made on the basis of management’s assumptions and analyses, as of the time the statements are made, in light of their experience and perception of historical conditions, expected future developments and other factors believed to be appropriate under the circumstances.

Except as otherwise required by the federal securities laws, we disclaim any obligation or undertaking to publicly release any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the information incorporated by reference in this report to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any statement is based.

Overview of the Company

When used herein, the terms the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. (“Novo Integrated” or the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on November 27, 2000, under the name Turbine Truck Engines, Inc. On February 20, 2008, the Company was re-domiciled to the State of Nevada. Effective July 12, 2017, the Company’s name was changed to Novo Integrated Sciences, Inc. When used herein, the terms the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Novo Integrated and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The Company owns Canadian and U.S. subsidiaries which provide, or intend to provide, essential and differentiated solutions to the delivery of multidisciplinary primary care and related wellness products through the integration of medical technology, interconnectivity, advanced therapeutics, diagnostic solutions, unique personalized product offerings, and rehabilitative science.

We believe that “decentralizing” healthcare, through the integration of medical technology and interconnectivity, is an essential solution to the rapidly evolving fundamental transformation of how non-catastrophic healthcare is delivered now and how it will be delivered in the future. Specific to non-critical care, ongoing advancements in both medical technology and inter-connectivity are allowing for a shift of the patient/practitioner relationship to the patient’s home and away from on-site visits to primary medical centers with mass-services. This acceleration of “ease-of-access” in the patient/practitioner interaction for non-critical care diagnosis and subsequent treatment minimizes the degradation of non-critical health conditions to critical conditions as well as allowing for more cost-effective and efficient healthcare distribution.

The Company’s decentralized healthcare business model is centered on three primary pillars to best support the transformation of non-catastrophic healthcare delivery to patients and consumers:

Innovation through science, combined with the integration of sophisticated, secure technology, assures Novo Integrated of continued cutting edge advancement in patient first platforms.