Nuvera Communications, Inc. - Annual Report: 2020 (Form 10-K)

 

UNITED STATES

 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

 

FORM 10-K

                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

 

(X)    ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020

 

(  )     TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934:

 

For the transition period from_____to_____.

 

Commission File Number: 0-3024

 

NUVERA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

 

27 North Minnesota Street

New Ulm, Minnesota 56073

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code:  (507) 354-4111

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act: 

 

Title of each class                                            Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock - $1.66 par value                                                      OTCQB Marketplace

                             

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes  ☐   No  ☒

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.  Yes  ☐ No  ☒

       

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  ☒  No  ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ☒  No  ☐

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ☐ 

 

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “non-accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. ☐  Large accelerated filer  ☒  Accelerated filer  ☐  Non-accelerated filer  ☒  Smaller reporting company  ☐ Emerging growth company     

 

If emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐      

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  ☐  No  ☒

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  None.

 

 

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common stock was sold, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was $79,137,314. This calculation is based upon the closing price of $18.38 of the stock on June 30, 2020, as quoted on the OTCQB Marketplace. Without asserting that any director or executive officer of the registrant, or person owning 5% or more of the registrant’s common stock, is an affiliate, the shares of which they are the beneficial owners have been deemed to be owned by affiliates solely for this calculation.

 

As of March 16, 2021, the registrant had 5,200,689 shares of common stock outstanding.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 27, 2021 are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein. Such proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.

 

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NOTE ABOUT FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) encourages companies to disclose forward-looking information so that investors can better understand a company’s future prospects and make informed investment decisions. Certain statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including those relating to the impact on future revenue sources, pending and future regulatory orders, continued expansion of the communications network and expected changes in the sources of our revenue and cost structure resulting from our entrance into new communications markets, are forward-looking statements and are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements reflect, among other things, our current expectations, plans, strategies and anticipated financial results. There are a number of risks, uncertainties and conditions that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these statements. Many of these circumstances are beyond our ability to control or predict. Moreover, forward-looking statements necessarily involve assumptions on our part. These statements generally are identified by the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “seeks,” “targets,” “continues,” “should,” “will be,” “will continue,” or similar expressions. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance or achievements of Nuvera Communications, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Nuvera,” the “Company,” “we” or “our” or “us”) to be different from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties may include, but are not limited to: i) unfavorable general economic conditions that could negatively affect our operating results; ii) substantial regulatory change and increased competition; iii) our possible pursuit of acquisitions could be expensive or not successful; iv) we may not accurately predict technological trends or the success of new products; v) shifts in our product mix may result in declines in our operating profitability; vi) possible consolidation among our customers; vii) a failure in our operational systems or infrastructure could affect our operations; viii) data security breaches; ix) possible replacement of key personnel; x) elimination of governmental network support we receive; xi) our current debt structure may change due to increases in interest rates or our ability to comply with lender loan covenants and xii) possible customer payment defaults. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements that appear throughout this report. Furthermore, these statements speak only as of the date they are made. Except as required under federal securities laws or the rules and regulations of the SEC, we disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements. Undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements. 

 

Website Access to SEC Reports

 

Our website at www.nuvera.net provides information about our products and services, along with general information about Nuvera and its management and financial results. Copies of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, can be obtained, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practical after these reports are electronically filed or furnished to the SEC. To obtain this information, visit our website noted above and select “About Us – Investors” to view Nuvera SEC filings,” or call (844) 354-4111. The SEC also maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding public companies, including Nuvera Communications, Inc. Any reports filed with the SEC may also be obtained from the SEC’s Reference Room at 100F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549.

 

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

 

Our Board of Directors (BOD) has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that is applicable to all directors, the chief executive officer (CEO), chief financial officer (CFO) and to all other employees of Nuvera. All employees of Nuvera have undergone training on this Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. The information required by Item 406 of Regulation S-K is contained under “Code of Business Conduct” in the definitive proxy statement (2021 Proxy Statement) and is incorporated by reference. Our BOD has also adopted written charters for its committees that comply with the NASDAQ Global Select Market. Copies of the committee charters are available on our website above or by contacting us at (844) 354-4111.  

 

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PART I

 

Item 1.   Business

 

Company Overview and History

 

Nuvera is a diversified communications company headquartered in New Ulm, Minnesota with more than 115 years of experience in the communications business. We operate in one principal business segment: the Communications Segment.

 

Our principal line of business is the operation of seven communications companies. Our original business was founded in 1905 and consisted of the operation of a single communications company (New Ulm Rural Telephone Company). In 1984, we changed our name to New Ulm Telecom, Inc. In 1986, we acquired our second communications company, Western Telephone Company (WTC). In 1993, we acquired our third communications company, Peoples Telephone Company (PTC). In 2008, we acquired our fourth communications company, Hutchinson Telephone Company (HTC). In 2012, we acquired our sixth communications company, Sleepy Eye Telephone Company (SETC). In 2018, we acquired our seventh communications company, Scott-Rice Telephone Co. (Scott-Rice). Our businesses consist of connecting customers to our state-of-the-art, fiber-rich communications network, providing managed services, switched service and dedicated private lines, connecting customers to long distance service providers and providing many other services associated with our businesses. Our businesses also provide Internet protocol television (IPTV), cable television services (CATV), Internet access services, including high-speed broadband access, and long distance service. We also install and maintain communications systems to the areas in and around our service territories in southern Minnesota and northern Iowa. In 2008 we acquired our fifth communications company with the acquisition of HTC. This company operates in and around the city of Litchfield, Minnesota and operates under less regulatory oversight than our other communications companies. In 2010, we acquired the cable TV system in the city of Glencoe and operate Glencoe under the Litchfield communications company. This company offers the same services as our other communications companies. In 2000, we changed our marketing name to NU-Telecom and operated under that name in our markets. In 2018, we changed our marketing name to Nuvera and currently operate under that name in our markets.

 

Our operations are currently conducted through the following subsidiaries:

 

Communications Segment

 

●	Communications Companies:
	▪		Nuvera Communications, Inc., the parent company;
	▪		Hutchinson Telephone Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nuvera;
	▪		Peoples Telephone Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nuvera;
	▪		Scott-Rice Telephone Co., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nuvera;
	▪		Sleepy Eye Telephone Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nuvera;
	▪		Western Telephone Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nuvera; and
	▪		Hutchinson Telecommunications, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of HTC, located in Litchfield and Glencoe, Minnesota
●	Our investments and interests in several of the following entities include some management responsibilities:
	▪		FiberComm, LC – 20.00% subsidiary equity ownership interest. FiberComm, LC is located in Sioux City, Iowa;
	▪		Broadband Visions, LLC (BBV) – 24.30% subsidiary equity ownership interest. BBV provides video headend and Internet services;
	▪		Independent Emergency Services, LLC (IES) – 14.29% subsidiary equity ownership interest. IES is a provider of E-911 services to the State of Minnesota as well as a number of counties located in Minnesota; and
	▪		SM Broadband, LLC (SMB) – 9.09% subsidiary equity ownership interest. SMB provides network connectivity for regional businesses.

 

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We report the business operations of our seven communications companies and their associated services as a single segment that we refer to as the Communications Segment. 

 

The Communications Segment operates the following communications companies: Nuvera, HTC, PTC, Scott-Rice, SETC, WTC, Litchfield and Glencoe, Minnesota. Nuvera, HTC, Scott-Rice, SETC, WTC, Litchfield and Glencoe are independent communications companies that are regulated by the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission at the state level, while PTC is an independent communications company that is regulated by the Iowa Utilities Board at the state level. Our communications company located in Litchfield and Glencoe is currently not under the same level of regulatory oversight as our communications companies. As of December 31, 2020 we served 20,170 access lines in the Minnesota communities of Bellechester, Courtland, Elko, Evan, Goodhue, Hanska, Hutchinson, Klossner, Litchfield, Mazeppa, New Market, New Ulm, Prior Lake, Redwood Falls, Sanborn, Savage, Searles, Sleepy Eye, Springfield and White Rock, as well as the adjacent rural areas of Blue Earth, Brown, Goodhue, McLeod, Meeker, Nicollet, Redwood, Rice, Scott and Wabasha counties in south central Minnesota. We also serve the community of Aurelia, Iowa as well as the adjacent rural areas surrounding Aurelia. The Communications Segment also operates multiple IPTV and CATV systems in Minnesota (including the cities of Cologne, Courtland, Elko, Glencoe, Goodhue, Hanska, Hutchinson, Litchfield, Mayer, New Market, New Germany, New Ulm, Plato, Prior Lake, Redwood Falls, Sanborn, Savage, Sleepy Eye and Springfield) and one IPTV system in Aurelia, Iowa. These systems serve 10,873 customers. 

 

The Communications Segment derives its principal revenues from (i) voice service charges to its residential and business subscribers, (ii) access charges to Interexchange Carriers (IXCs) for providing the carriers access to our local phone networks and (iii) the provisioning of video and data services.

 

None of our communications companies are dependent upon any single customer or small group of customers. No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our consolidated revenues in any of the last two years.

 

We provide a variety of business communication services to small, medium and large business customers, including many services over our advanced fiber-optic (fiber) network. The services we offer include scalable high speed broadband Internet access and voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) phone services, which range from basic service plans to virtual hosted systems. Our hosted VoIP package utilizes our soft switching technology and enables our customers to have the flexibility of employing new telephone advances and features without investing in a new telephone system. This package bundles voice service, calling features, IP business telephones and unified messaging, which integrates multiple technologies into a single system and allows the customer to receive and listen to voice messages through e-mail. 

 

In addition to Internet and VoIP services, we also offer a variety of commercial data connectivity services in select markets including private line and Ethernet services to provide high bandwidth across point-to-point and multiple site networks.

 

We receive the majority of our revenues through the following sources:

 

Voice Service – We receive recurring revenue for basic voice services that enable end-user customers to make and receive telephone calls within a defined local calling area for a flat monthly fee. In addition to subscribing to basic local telephone services, our customers may choose from multiple voice service plans with a variety of custom calling features such as call waiting, call forwarding, caller identification and voicemail. Our VoIP digital phone service is also available as an alternative to the traditional telephone line.   

 

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Network Access – We provide access services to other communications carriers for the use of our facilities to terminate or originate long distance calls on our network. Additionally, we bill monthly subscriber line charges (SLCs) to substantially all of our customers for access to the public switched network. These monthly SLCs are regulated and approved by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). In addition, network access revenue is derived from several federally administered pooling arrangements designed to provide support and distribute funding to us.   

 

Video Service  – We provide a variety of enhanced video services on a monthly recurring basis to our customers. Depending on geographical market availability, our video services range from limited basic service to advanced digital TV, which includes several plans each with hundreds of local, national music channels including premium and pay-per-view channels as well as video-on-demand service. Certain customers may also subscribe to our advanced video services, which consist of high-definition (HD) TV, digital video recorders (DVR) and Whole Home DVR. Our Whole Home DVR allows customers the ability to watch recorded shows on any TV in the house, record multiple shows at one time and utilize an intuitive on-screen guide and user interface. Video subscribers also have access to our TV Everywhere service which allows subscriber access to full episodes of available shows, movies and live screens using a computer or mobile device. We also receive monthly recurring revenue from our subscribers for providing commercial TV programming in competition with local CATV, satellite dish TV and off-air TV service providers. We serve twenty-two communities with our IPTV services and five communities with our CATV services.

 

Data Service – We provide high speed Internet to business and residential customers depending on the nature of the network facilities that are available, the level of service selected and the location. Our revenue is earned based on the offering of various flat rate packages based on the level of service, data speeds and features. We also provide e-mail and managed services, such as web hosting and design, on-line file back up and on-line file storage.  

 

Alternative Connect America Cost Model (A-Cam)/Federal Universal Service Fund (FUSF) – The Company currently receives funding based on the A-CAM, with the exception of Scott-Rice, which receives funding from the FUSF. Scott-Rice’s settlements from the National Exchange Carriers Association (NECA) pools are based on nationwide average schedules, which includes the pooling and redistribution of revenues based on a company’s actual or average costs. See below for a discussion regarding A-CAM and FUSF.

 

Other – Our customers are billed for toll and long-distance services on either a per call or flat-rate basis. This also includes the offering of directory assistance, operator service and long distance private lines. We also generate revenue from directory publishing through an outside vendor, sales and service of customer premise equipment (CPE), bill processing and other customer services. Our directory publishing revenue in our telephone directories recurs monthly. We also provide retail sales and service of cellular phones and accessories through Telespire, a national wireless provider. We resell these wireless services as Nuvera Wireless, our branded product. We receive both recurring revenue for our wireless services, as well as revenue collected for the sale of wireless phones and accessories. 

 

Strategy

 

Our vision is to position ourselves as a “one-stop” communications solutions provider. We believe our customers place a value on the fact that we are a local company whose goal is to meet their total communications needs. The success of this vision depends on the following strategies:

 

●       We market services to our residential customers either individually or as a bundled package. We offer a competitive, multi-service bundle of voice, high-speed Internet and IPTV. Data connections continue to increase as a result of consumer trends towards increased Internet usage and our enhanced product and service offerings.

 

●       Our consumer broadband speed allows us to continue to meet the needs of our customers and the demand for higher speed resulting from the growing trend of over-the-top content viewing. The availability of faster speeds also complements our wireless home networking (Wi-Fi) and supports our TV everywhere service and allows our subscribers to watch their favorite programs at home or away on a computer, smartphone or tablet.

 

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●       We tailor our services to commercial customers by developing solutions to fit their specific needs. We provide services to a wide range of commercial customers from sole proprietors and other small businesses to multi-location corporations. Our business suite of services includes local and long-distance calling plans, hosted voice services using network servers, the added capacity for multiple phone lines, scalable broadband Internet, online back up and business directory listings.

 

●       We believe that we have several advantages over our competition, including a state-of-the-art, fiber-rich communications network, competitive pricing and costs, outstanding service quality, a strong reputation, a high level of commitment to the communities we serve and a direct billing relationship with a vast majority of the customers we serve in our service territories. We manage the potential decline in communications network access and voice service revenues by offering value-added services such as higher Internet speeds, HD IPTV, DVR services, managed services, customized communications solutions, along with outstanding customer service as a competitive differentiator.

 

●       We have and will continue to upgrade our networks and enhance our products and services to take advantage of the latest technology including advanced high-bandwidth capabilities and services, expansion of our network for wholesale and retail customers, Fiber-to-the-Tower services for wireless carriers and last mile fiber builds to residential and business customers. We intend to continue to introduce new services that draw upon our core competencies and we believe are attractive to our target customers. In considering new services and market expansion, we look for market opportunities that we believe present growth opportunities.

 

●       We continue to seek ways to improve our internal processes and gain operational efficiencies. While focusing resources on revenue growth and market share gains, we continually challenge our management team and employees at all levels to seek efficiencies and enhance our customers’ experience. We continue to invest in our networks and train our employees to achieve customer service excellence.

 

●       Our current customer base provides a recurring revenue stream generating stable cash flow. Our focus remains on growing our services and supporting product lines so as to generate sufficient cash flow to fund our current operations, service our debt, fund our capital expenditure needs, pay dividends and expand our business. We have allocated resources to maintain and upgrade our network while focusing on optimizing returns by completing strategic capital outlays that will make our network more efficient and cost effective while providing the products and services that our customers desire in the markets we serve.

 

●       We intend to continue to pursue a disciplined process of evaluating acquisitions of businesses as well as organic growth opportunities of market expansion and/or products which are complementary to our business portfolio.  

 

●       Across all of our service territories, we have successfully managed capital expenditures to optimize returns through disciplined planning and targeted investment of capital. For example, strategic investments in our networks allows significant flexibility to expand our commercial footprint, offer competitive products and services and provide services in a cost-efficient manner while maintaining our reputation as a high-quality service provider. We will continue to invest in strategic growth initiatives to enhance and expand our fiber network to new markets and customers in order to optimize new business, backhaul and wholesale opportunities.

 

●       Commercial and carrier services are expected to be key growth areas in the future. We are focused on enhancing our broadband and commercial product suite and are continually enhancing our commercial product offerings to meet the needs of our business customers. We overbuilt our existing networks with advanced fiber networks in the commercial areas of New Ulm and Prior Lake and will overbuild Hutchinson in 2021. We tailor our services for business customers by developing solutions to fit their specific needs. Additionally, we are continuously enhancing our suite of managed and cloud services, which increases efficiency and enables greater scalability and reliability for businesses. We are utilizing multiple software platforms to gather relevant leads and for customer relations management.

 

●       As consumer demands for bandwidth continue to increase, our focus is on enhancing our broadband services, and progressively increasing broadband speeds. We will begin an extensive Fiber-To-The-Home (FTTH) overbuild in portions of New Ulm in 2021. We offer speeds of up to 1 Gigabits per second (Gbps) in select areas where fiber is available, and up to 60 Megabits per second (Mbps) in areas where 1 Gbps is not yet available. As we continue to increase broadband speeds, we are also able to simultaneously expand the array of services and content offerings that the network provides.

 

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●       In addition to Internet and VoIP services, we also offer a variety of commercial data connectivity services in select markets including Ethernet services; software defined wide area network (SD-WAN), a software-based network technology that provides a simplified management and automation of SD-WAN connections; multi-protocol label switching; and private line services to provide high bandwidth connectivity across point-to-point and multiple site networks. We offer a suite of cloud-based services, which includes a hosted unified communications solution that replaces the customer’s on-site phone systems and data networks, managed network security services and data protection services, including back-up and disaster recovery.

 

Competition

 

We compete in a rapidly evolving and highly competitive industry, and expect competition will continue to intensify as consolidations and mergers occur within the industry. Regulatory developments and technological advances over the past several years have increased opportunities for alternative communications service providers, which in turn have increased competitive pressures on our business. These alternative providers often face fewer regulations and have lower cost structures than we do. In addition, several of our competitors have consolidated with other communication providers and as a result are generally larger, have more financial and business resources and have greater geographical reach to provide services. Our competitive advantages include: our strong commitment and presence in the communities we serve, knowledge of these markets, our experienced voice service and support team, and our ability to offer more flexible communications solutions than our larger competitors.

 

The long-range effect of competition on the delivery of communications services and equipment will depend on technological advances, regulatory actions at both the federal and the state levels, court decisions, and possible additional future federal and state legislation. Past federal and state legislation have tended to expand competition in the communications industry. 

 

Alternatives to our service include customers leasing private line switched voice and data services in or adjacent to our service territories that permit the bypassing of our communications facilities. In addition, microwave transmission services, wireless communications, fiber/coaxial cable deployment, VoIP, satellite and other services also permit the bypassing of our local exchange network. These alternatives to local exchange service represent a potential threat to our long-term ability to provide local exchange services at economical rates.

 

In order to meet the competition present in our industry, we have deployed new technology to enable our local exchange networks to capture operating efficiencies and to provide additional new services to our new and existing customer base. These new technologies include the latest release of digital switching technology for all of our switches and the installation of a Common Channel Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) out-of-band system for all of our access lines. We have also connected fiber rings (redundant route designs that allow traffic to be re-routed in the event of network problems) that protect our local networks and enable them to provide a reliable level of service to our customers. The value of our local network is also enhanced by the ability of our operating companies to offer access to high-speed Internet with broadband access to our access lines. Broadband technology allows customer access to high-speed Internet and traditional voice connectivity over the same connection. In addition, our businesses have further enhanced our networks to allow the offering of video services over the same facilities that provide our customers with voice and Internet access. This technology is available to approximately 95% of our access lines.

 

We compete in the cities of Litchfield and Glencoe, Minnesota. This communications company is currently not under the same level of regulatory oversight as our communications companies. Lumen Technologies is the existing communications company in these markets. Competition also exists in the other communities and areas served by us for traditional telephone service from wireless communications providers and we also expect competition to increase from service providers offering VoIP. We experience competition in the Minnesota communities of Elko, Glencoe, Hutchinson, Litchfield, New Market, New Ulm, Prior Lake, Redwood Falls, Savage, Sleepy Eye and Springfield in the provisioning of video services. Comcast is the existing incumbent provider of video services in the New Ulm market. Mediacom is the existing incumbent provider of video services in the Elko, Hutchinson, Litchfield, New Market, Prior Lake, Redwood Falls, Savage, Sleepy Eye and Springfield markets. Several other communications providers compete with us in our markets in providing Internet services. We have responded to these competitive pressures by creating active programs to market our products, bundle our services and enhance our infrastructure to create higher customer value.  

 

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We are experiencing competition for some of our other services from IXCs, such as customer billing services, dedicated private lines and network switching. The provisioning of these services is contractual in nature and is primarily directed by the IXCs. Other services, such as directory advertising, operator services and cellular communications are open to competition, based primarily on service and customer experience.

 

Materials and Supplies

 

The materials and supplies that are necessary for our operations are available from a variety of sources. We are not dependent on any particular supplier or group of affiliated suppliers for our equipment needs.

 

Regulation

 

The following summary provides a high-level overview, but may not include all present and proposed federal, state and local legislation and regulations affecting the communications industry. Some legislation and other regulations are currently the subject of judicial proceedings, legislative hearings and administrative proposals that could change the manner in which this industry operates. At this time, we cannot predict the outcome of any of these developments or their potential impact on us. Regulation can change rapidly in the communications industry and these changes could have an adverse effect on us in the future.

 

Overview

 

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP), rules and regulations of the SEC and, where applicable, conform to the accounting principles as prescribed by federal and state telephone utility regulatory authorities.

 

The services we offer are subject to varying levels of regulatory oversight. Federal and state regulatory agencies share responsibility for enforcing statutes and rules relative to the provision of communications services. Our interstate communications services are subject to regulation by the FCC. Intrastate services are governed by the relevant state regulatory commission. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 (TA96) and the rules enacted under it also gave oversight of interconnection arrangements and access to network elements to the state commissions. Our TV services are governed by FCC rules and municipal franchise agreements. There are also varying levels of regulatory oversight depending on the nature of the services offered or if the services are offered by a communications company.

 

Our communications company located in Litchfield and Glencoe provides services with less regulatory oversight than our communications companies. A company must file for interexchange authority to operate with the appropriate public utility commission in each state it serves. Our communications company located in Litchfield and Glencoe provides a variety of services to both residential and business customers in multiple jurisdictions.

 

Federal Regulatory Framework

 

All carriers must comply with the FCC Act of 1934 (FCA34) as amended that requires, among other things, that our interstate services be provided at just and reasonable rates and on non-discriminatory terms and conditions. The TA96 amended the FCA34 and has had a dramatic effect on the competitive environment in the communications industry. In addition to these laws, we are also subject to rules promulgated by the FCC and could be affected by any regulatory decisions or orders they issue.

 

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The TA96 and Local Competition

 

The primary goal of the TA96 and the FCC’s rules promulgated under it was to open local communications markets to competition while enhancing universal service. To some extent, Congress pre-empted the local authority of states to oversee local communications services.

 

The TA96 imposes a number of requirements on all local communications providers including:

 

●         To interconnect directly or indirectly with other carriers; 

 

●         To allow others to resell services;

 

●         To provide for number portability to allow end-users to retain their telephone number when changing providers;

 

●         To ensure dialing parity;

 

●         To ensure that competitor customers have non-discriminatory access to telephone numbers, operator services, directory assistance and directory listing services; and

 

●         To allow competitors access to telephone poles, ducts, conduits and rights-of-way, and to establish reciprocal compensation arrangements for the transport and termination of communications traffic.

 

Access Charges

 

Access charges refer to the compensation received by local exchange carriers (LECs) for the use of their networks by an IXC. We provide two types of access services: special access and switched access. Special access is provided through dedicated circuits that connect other carriers to our network and is structured on a flat monthly fee basis. Switched access rates that are billed to other carriers are based on a per-minute of use fee basis. The FCC regulates prices that we charge for interstate access charges. There has been a trend toward lowering the rates charged to carriers accessing local networks and the application of a SLC as a flat rate on end-user bills. Regulation, competition, carriers optimizing their network costs and lower demand for dedicated lines have resulted in lower access rates and overall lower minutes of use on our network, which has affected our network access revenues.  

 

Interstate access rates are established by the nationwide pooling of companies known as NECA. The FCC established NECA in 1983 to develop and administer interstate access service rates, terms and conditions. Revenues are pooled and redistributed on the basis of each company’s actual or average costs. There has been a change in the composition of interstate access charges in recent years, shifting more of the charges to the end user and reducing the amount of access charges paid by IXCs. We believe this trend will continue. 

 

Intrastate access rates are filed with the regulatory commissions in Minnesota and Iowa.

 

Wireline Interstate

 

Our communications companies participated in the NECA common line pool where end-user common line funds collected were pooled. A portion of our communications companies’ revenue was based on settlements distributed from this pool. Our communications companies also participated in the NECA traffic-sensitive pool. These pool settlements were adjusted periodically.

 

Access rates for our communications company located in Litchfield and Glencoe were established according to an order issued by the FCC in 2001. Under that order, the switched access rates charged by a competitive carrier can be no higher than the rates charged by the communications company with whom we compete, unless we qualify for the Rural Exemption.

 

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Intercarrier Compensation and FUSF Reform 

 

The FCC released the National Broadband Plan in April 2010 recommending significant changes to the access charge policy and processes. This was followed on November 18, 2011, by FCC Order 11-161 (the Transformation Order), with comprehensive rules reforming all forms of intercarrier compensation and implementing a new support mechanism for the deployment of broadband. Generally, the intercarrier compensation reform sets forth a path towards a “bill & keep” regime which eliminates compensation for termination of traffic received from another carrier. The timeline for this transition had numerous steps depending on the type of traffic exchanged and the regulated status of the affected LEC.    

 

These rules have been clarified in several orders on Reconsideration and have had an impact on our companies by reducing our terminating intercarrier compensation, including intrastate and interstate access charges.  

 

The FCC Transformation Order also confirmed the applicability of access charges on VoIP traffic and eliminated reciprocal compensation charges for termination of local wireless traffic. Despite these changes IXCs and others are still quite aggressive in disputing carrier access charges and/or the applicability of access charges to their traffic.

 

Due to the combination of rate reforms instituted by the FCC, competitive substitution by wireless and other carriers and decreased use of the switched network, the aggregate amount of interstate network access charges paid by long distance carriers to access providers such as our company, has decreased and we project that this decline will continue. For the year ended December 31, 2020, communications network access revenue represented 9.4% of our operating revenue, down from 11.7% for the year ended December 31, 2019. This excludes any funding received from FUSF and the A-CAM for broadband funding (see below for more information).

 

FUSF

 

The FUSF was originally established to overcome geographic differences in costs of providing voice service and to enable all citizens to communicate over networks regardless of geographical location and/or personal income. The FCC established universal service policies at the national level under terms contained in the Telecommunications Act of 1934. The TA96 requires explicit FUSF mechanisms and enlarged the scope of universal service to include four distinct programs:

 

●         High-Cost program that supports local carriers operating in high-cost regions of the country to ensure reasonably based telephone rates;  

 

●         Lifeline (low-income) Subscribers program that includes the Link Up and Lifeline programs that provide support for service initiation and monthly fees and have eligibility based on subscriber income;

 

●         Rural Health Care Providers program that supports communication services used by rural health care providers and provides them with toll free access to an Internet service provider; and

 

●         Schools and Libraries program, also called the E-Rate program that provides support funding to schools and libraries for communications services, Internet access and internal connections.

 

In its Transformation Order released November 18, 2011, the FCC adopted rules which dramatically reform the universal service program and intercarrier compensation regime. These rules eliminated the legacy Local Switching support, but also provide for a new Connect America Fund (CAF) support for rate of return carriers to make up some of their access revenue reductions and provide direct support to PriceCap carriers (i.e. the larger, national LECs such as Verizon and AT&T) for broadband build outs. The new rules have caused rates for end users to increase as intercarrier compensation is reduced and the legacy mandate for ubiquitous voice service shifts toward broadband availability as a key outcome of the program. 

 

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FUSF high-cost payments are distributed by NECA and are only available to carriers that have been designated as an eligible telecommunications carrier (ETC) by a state commission. Each of our communications companies has been designated as an ETC. Our communications company located in Litchfield and Glencoe is also eligible to be designated as ETCs if it meets the requirements of the program and meet a public interest standard as determined by the appropriate state regulatory agency. Our communications company located in Litchfield and Glencoe is currently not receiving FUSF support. All ETCs must certify annually to the Universal Service Administrative Company or their appropriate state regulatory commission that the funds they receive from the FUSF are being used in the manner intended. The states must then certify to the FCC which carriers have met this standard. The Transformation Order expands the information that must be reported to the State Commissions to include information on broadband availability, plans for expansion to unserved and underserved areas, in addition to information about voice services. To some extent, these levels of scrutiny make the receipt of a consistent level of FUSF payments each year more difficult to predict.   

 

For the year ended December 31, 2020, we received an aggregate of $3,135,119 from FUSF, consisting of $1,700,248 of CAF support and $1,345,316 of Broadband Loop Support. Our net FUSF in 2020 comprised 4.8% of our total revenue for the year. For the year ended December 31, 2019, we received an aggregate of $3,212,066 from FUSF, consisting of $1,696,443 of CAF support and $1,498,644 of Broadband Loop Support.  Our net FUSF in 2019 comprised 4.9% of our total revenue for the year. We receive no State universal service funding as the states in which we operate have not established state universal service funding mechanisms. 

 

In 2019, the Company elected to receive funding from A-CAM, with the exception of Scott-Rice, which still receives funding from the FUSF.  

 

A-CAM

 

The FUSF was established as part of the TA96 and provides subsidies to communications providers as means of increasing the availability and affordability of advanced communications services. In 2011, significant reform was introduced, including the creation of the CAF, to help modernize the FUSF and promote support of these communications services in the nation’s high-cost areas. In 2016, the FCC announced additional reform to further transition the CAF from supporting the provision of voice services to the provision of broadband services. On March 30, 2016, the FCC issued a Report and Order (2016 Order) that adopts the following changes to the FUSF for rate-of-return carriers:

 

●         Establishes a voluntary cost model;

 

●         Creates specific broadband deployment obligations; 

 

●         Provides a mechanism for support of broadband-only deployment; 

 

●         Gradually reduces the authorized rate-of-return from 11.25 percent to 9.75 percent;

 

●         Eliminates support in those local areas served by unsubsidized competitors;

 

●         Establishes “glide-path” transition periods for all the new changes; and

 

●         Maintains the $2 billion budget established by the 2011 Transformation Order.

   

While the 2011 FUSF Transformation Order established CAF Phase I and CAF Phase II as high-cost support mechanisms for the price-cap carriers (i.e., the larger, national LECs such as Verizon and AT&T), it was not as specific about how subsidies would change for the rate-of-return carriers (i.e., the smaller LECs, including all rural LECs). In contrast, the 2016 Order focused on the rate-of-return carriers, announced specific changes to existing funding mechanisms as well as a new funding mechanism, and provided rural communications providers with greater certainty about future support.

 

One of the major changes introduced by the 2016 Order was the creation of the A-CAM, a new CAF support mechanism for rate-of-return carriers. Utilization of the A-CAM was voluntary; and rate-of-return carriers may have instead chose to continue relying on the legacy support mechanism known as interstate common line support, but then modified and renamed CAF Broadband Loop Support. Each carrier needed to decide which support mechanism to elect, and must have chosen one or the other, per state.

 

On February 25, 2019, the FCC issued Public Notice DA 19-115, which contained revised offers of A-CAM support and associated revised service deployment obligations. On February 27, 2019, the Company’s BOD authorized and directed the Company to accept the FCC’s revised offer of A-CAM support and the revised associated service deployment obligations. Under the revised FCC offer Notice, the Company will be entitled to annually receive (i) $596,084 for its Iowa operations and (ii) $8,354,481 for its Minnesota operations. The Company will receive the revised A-CAM offer over the next 10 years starting in 2019. The Company will use the support that it receives through the A-CAM program to meet its defined broadband build-out obligations, which the Company is currently completing. A letter of acceptance to elect the revised A-CAM support was filed by the Company with the FCC on March 8, 2019. The FCC accepted the Company’s letter on March 11, 2019. 

 

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Build-out obligations: A-CAM carriers under the original A-CAM program must complete deployment of 10 Mbps downstream/1 Mbps upstream service to a number of eligible locations equal to 40 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2020, to 50 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2021, to 60 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2022, to 70 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2023, to 80 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2024, to 90 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2025, and to 100 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2026.  A-CAM carriers who elected additional funding and additional obligations under the revised A-CAM program must complete deployment of 25 Mbps downstream/3 Mbps upstream service to a number of eligible locations equal to 40 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2022, to 50 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2023, to 60 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2024, to 70 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2025, to 80 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2026, to 90 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2027, and to 100 percent of fully funded locations by the end of 2028. As of December 31, 2020, Nuvera has completed the deployment of 10/1 service to 91.9% of its funded locations and 25/3 service to 50.3% of its funded locations.  

 

Privacy and Data Security Regulation

 

The FCA34 generally restricts the nonconsensual collection and disclosure to third parties of communication company customers’ personally identifiable information by communication companies, except for rendering service, conducting legitimate business activities related to the service, and responding to legal requests. We are also subject to various state and federal regulations that provide protections for customer proprietary network information (CPNI) related to our voice services. The FCC expects broadband Internet access service providers such as us to take reasonable, good faith steps to comply with existing statutory requirements to protect broadband CPNI and plans to propose new privacy and data security rules for broadband Internet service providers. The FCC has recently imposed substantial civil penalties and remediation obligations on several companies for alleged privacy and data security violations.

 

The Federal Trade Commission exercises authority over privacy protections, generally, using its existing authority over unfair and deceptive acts or practices to apply greater restrictions on the collection and use of personally identifiable and other information relating to customers. It also has undertaken numerous enforcement actions against parties that do not provide sufficient security protections against the loss of unauthorized disclosure of this type of information. We also are subject to stringent data security and data retention requirements on website operators and online services. Other privacy-oriented laws have been extended by courts to online video providers and are increasingly being used in privacy lawsuits, including class actions, against providers of video materials online.

 

We are also subject to state and federal laws and regulations regarding data security that primarily apply to sensitive personal information that could be used to commit identity theft. Most states have security breach notification laws that generally require a business to give notice to consumers and government agencies when certain information has been disclosed, due to a security breach, and the FCC has adopted security breach rules for voice services. Several states have also enacted general data security requirements to safeguard consumer information, including the proper disposal of consumer information.

 

The National Institute of Standards and Technology, in cooperation with other federal agencies and owners and operators of United States critical infrastructure, have developed a voluntary framework that provides a prioritized, flexible, repeatable, performance-based and cost-effective approach to cybersecurity risk. It is compendiums of existing cross-sector cyber-defense processes, practices and protocols that can help companies identify, assess and manage their cyber risks and vulnerabilities, and several governmental agencies have encouraged compliance with this framework. Additionally, in December 2015, Congress enacted the Cybersecurity Act of 2015, which is intended to encourage and facilitate the sharing of security threat and defensive measure information with government agencies and other companies, in order to strengthen the country’s overall cybersecurity protections. Finally, there are pending legislative proposals that could impose new requirements on owners and operators of critical infrastructure and the FCC is considering expanding its cybersecurity guidelines or adopting new cybersecurity requirements.    

 

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Network Architecture and Technology

 

We have made significant investments in our technologically advanced communications networks and continue to enhance and expand our network by deploying technologies to provide additional capacity to our customers. As a result, we are able to deliver high-quality, reliable data, video and voice services in the markets we serve. Our wide-ranging network and extensive use of fiber provide an easy reach into existing and new areas. By bringing the fiber network closer to the customer premises, we can increase our service offerings, quality and bandwidth services. Our existing network enables us to efficiently respond and adapt to changes in technology and is capable of supporting the rising customer demand for bandwidth in order to support the growing amount of wireless data devices in our customer’s homes and businesses.

 

Our networks are supported by advanced 100% digital switches, with a core fiber network connecting all of our remote exchanges. We continue to enhance our copper cable network to increase bandwidth in order to provide additional products and services to our marketable homes. In addition to our copper cable plant enhancements, we have deployed fiber cable extensively throughout our network, resulting in a 100% fiber backbone network that supports all of the inter-office and host-remote links, as well as the majority of business parks within our service areas. In addition, this fiber infrastructure provides the connectivity required to provide broadband and long-distance services to our residential and commercial customers. Our fiber network utilizes FTTH and fiber-to-the-node networks to offer bundled residential and commercial services.

 

We operate fiber networks which we own or have entered into long-term leases for fiber network access. At December 31, 2020, our fiber network consisted of approximately 1,764 route miles, including 875 transport route miles and 889 local route miles.

 

We intend to continue to make strategic enhancements to our network including improvements in overall network reliability and increases to our broadband speeds. We offer data speeds of up to 1 Gbps in select markets, and up to 60 Mbps in markets where 1 Gbps is not yet available, depending on the geographical region. Over the last two years, we upgraded broadband speeds to nearly 1,500 homes and small businesses primarily across Minnesota and 36 homes and small businesses in Iowa as part of our A-CAM and overbuild initiatives and since 2015 expanded the availability of our 1 Gbps fiber network in Border-to-Border fiber grant areas to nearly 1,000 homes and small businesses. 

 

Through our extensive fiber network, we are also able to support the increased demand on wireless carriers for data bandwidth. In all the markets we serve, we have launched initiatives to support fiber backhaul services to cell sites. As of December 31, 2020, we had 20 cell sites in service and an additional 13 future sites pending completion. We also provide fixed wireless broadband service to homes and small businesses from 41 towers, six of which utilized Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) spectrum. Having secured 21 licenses in 12 CBRS spectrum counties in Minnesota and Iowa for 10 years, we plan to add more than 10 towers in 2021 and additional towers beyond 2021. This allows us to offer high-speed Internet to unserved, under-served and hard to serve rural areas.

 

Environmental Regulation

 

We are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the use, storage, disposal of, and exposure to, hazardous materials, the release of pollutants into the environment and the remediation of contamination. We could be subject to environmental laws that impose liability for the entire cost of cleanup at a contaminated site, regardless of fault or the lawfulness of the activity that resulted in contamination. We believe that our operations are in compliance with all applicable environmental laws and regulations.

 

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Employees

 

As of March 1, 2021 we had 194 full-time equivalent employees dedicated to Nuvera’s operations. In addition, as of March 1, 2021 we had an additional 10 full-time equivalent employees that are employed by Nuvera but are dedicated to IES. IES is a minority equity subsidiary of Nuvera and Nuvera acts as the managing entity for IES.

 

Intellectual Property

 

Intellectual property is necessary for our operations but is not material to our overall operations.

 

Executive Officers of the Registrant

 

The names and ages of all our executive officers and the positions held by them as of March 1, 2021, are as follows:

 

Name and Age		Position with the Company		Age
Glenn H. Zerbe		President and CEO		55
Barbara A.J. Bornhoft		Vice-President, Chief Operating Officer (COO) and Corporate Secretary		64
Curtis O. Kawlewski		CFO and Treasurer		54

 

Our executive officers are appointed annually and serve at the discretion of our BOD. Mr. Zerbe, President and CEO; Ms. Bornhoft, Vice-President, COO and Corporate Secretary; and Mr. Kawlewski, CFO and Treasurer have written employment contracts. There are no familial relationships between any director and executive officers.

 

Mr. Zerbe has been President and CEO since September of 2019. Prior to that time, he served as Vice President of Sales for Frontier Communications Corporation until March 2019, where he held positions of increasing responsibility since joining Frontier in 2011. Prior to his employment with Frontier, Mr. Zerbe had more than 20 years of sales, marketing and management experience in the communications industry, with companies such as Spanlink, Cisco Systems, SBC, AT&T and IBM. Mr. Zerbe serves as Chairman of the Board for IES and BBV, all equity subsidiaries of ours. In addition, Mr. Zerbe serves on the Board of Governors of SMB and FiberComm, LC, also equity subsidiaries of ours.

 

Ms. Bornhoft has been Vice President, COO and Corporate Secretary since 1998. Ms. Bornhoft has been employed with the Company since 1990. Ms. Bornhoft serves as a board member for BBV, in addition to serving as President for both IES and BBV, both equity subsidiaries of ours.

 

Mr. Kawlewski has been CFO and Treasurer since 2009. Mr. Kawlewski also serves as the Treasurer for IES and BBV, both equity subsidiaries of ours.

 

Item 1A.          Risk Factors.

 

Not required for a smaller reporting company.

 

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Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments

 

Not required for a smaller reporting company.

 

Item 2.   Properties

 

We are primarily focused on the provision of communication services and our properties are used primarily for administrative support and to house and safeguard our operating equipment. On December 31, 2020, our gross property, plant and equipment totaled $208,864,278 (net balance of $70,478,650).

 

Our corporate headquarters are located at 27 North Minnesota Street, New Ulm, Minnesota. We also own office facilities and related equipment for administrative personnel, central office buildings and operations in Minnesota and Iowa.

 

In addition to land and structures, our property consists of equipment necessary for the provision of communication services including central office equipment, CPE and connections, pole lines, towers, remote terminals, aerial and underground cable and wire facilities and associated outside plant for use in providing our services, telephone switches, fiber networks and communications network equipment, vehicles, furniture and fixtures, computers and other equipment.

 

In addition to plant and equipment we wholly-own, we utilize poles, towers, cable and conduit systems jointly-owned with other entities and lease space on facilities from other entities. These arrangements are in accordance with written agreements customary in the industry. We also have appropriate easements, rights of way and other arrangements for the accommodation of our pole lines, underground conduits, aerial and underground cables and wires. 

 

We believe our properties are suitable and adequate to provide modern and effective communications services within our service areas, including local dial-tone, long distance service, broadband, TV and dedicated and switched long-haul transport. We also believe our properties and equipment are adequately insured. See Note 7 – “Long-Term Debt” for descriptions of the mortgages and collateral relating to the above referenced properties. See Note 1 – “Business Description and Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies” and Note 5 – “Property, Plant and Equipment” for a description of our depreciation policies and information relating to the above referenced properties and equipment and their respective depreciation.

 

Item 3.   Legal Proceedings

 

Other than routine litigation incidental to us, there are no pending material legal proceedings to which we are a party or to which any of our property is subject.  

 

Item 4.   Mine Safety Disclosures

 

Not Applicable.

 

PART II

 

Item 5.   Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Our common stock is quoted on the OTCQB Marketplace under the symbol "NUVR." As of March 1, 2021 there were 1,259 registered stockholders and approximately 953 beneficial owners of Nuvera stock.

 

The Company’s Articles of Incorporation restrict any one individual or entity from beneficially owning more than seven percent of the outstanding capital stock of the corporation. Specific details of this restriction are contained in Article III of the Company’s Articles of Incorporation.  

 

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Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Repurchases of Nuvera common stock are made to support the Company’s stock-based employee compensation plans and for other corporate purposes. In May 2019, Nuvera announced the adoption of a $4.0 million stock repurchase program running through the end of 2021. Under the stock repurchase program, repurchases can be made from time to time using a variety of methods, including through open market purchase or in privately negotiated transactions in compliance with the rules of the SEC and other applicable legal requirements.

 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act)

Period		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicaly Announced Plans or or Programs (1)		Average Price Paid per Share			Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
July 1 - September 30, 2019		5,487		$	19.10		$	3,895,198
October 1 - December 31, 2019		504		$	18.50		$	3,885,874
January 1 - December 31, 2020		13,496		$	17.68		$	3,647,263
Total July 1, 2019 - December 31, 2020		19,487
(1) The total number of shares purchased includes: shares purchased under the Board's authorizations described
above, including market purchases and privately negotiated purchases.

 

Dividends and Restrictions

 

On May 6, 2020, the Company’s BOD decided that, given the continuing uncertainty about the severity and duration of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and its potential effect on the country’s economy generally and on the Company’s future sales and profitability specifically, as well as the Company’s need to preserve its liquidity and capital resources, the Company would (i) suspend declaring and paying a dividend in the second quarter of 2020 and (ii) temporarily suspend future purchases under its Stock Repurchase Program.   

 

On August 25, 2020, the Company’s BOD determined that it would (i) continue to suspend declaring and paying a dividend in the third quarter of 2020 and (ii) continue to temporarily suspend future purchases under its Stock Repurchase Program. The Company will continue to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic and make decisions about future dividends and stock repurchases as more information becomes available.   

 

On November 30, 2020, the Company’s BOD determined that it would (i) declare and pay a dividend in the fourth quarter of 2020 and (ii) resume purchases under its Stock Repurchase Program. The Company announced that it had successfully adjusted its operations including securing sufficient operating funds during a time of market uncertainty and can now look forward to recovering with the nation and return as an even stronger company and community in 2021.     

 

We declared a quarterly dividend of $0.13 per share for the first and fourth quarters of 2020, which totaled $674,171 for the first quarter and $675,883 for the fourth quarter. We declared a quarterly dividend of $0.13 per share for the second, third and fourth quarters of 2019 and $0.12 per share for the first quarter of 2019, which totaled $674,092 per quarter for the third and fourth quarters, $674,805 for the second quarter and $621,031 for the first quarter. A quarterly cash dividend of $0.13 per share will be paid on March 15, 2021 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 5, 2021.

 

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We expect to continue to pay quarterly dividends during 2021, but only if and to the extent declared by our BOD on a quarterly basis and subject to various restrictions on our ability to do so (described below). Dividends on our common stock are not cumulative.

 

There are security and loan agreements underlying our current CoBank, ACB (CoBank) credit facility that contain restrictions on our distributions to stockholders and investment in, or loans, to others. See below and Note 7 – “Long-Term Debt” for additional information.

 

Our loan agreements include restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends to our stockholders. However, we are allowed to pay dividends (a) (i) in an amount up to $2,700,000 in any year if our “Total Leverage Ratio,” that is, the ratio of our “Indebtedness” to “EBITDA” (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization – as defined in the loan documents), is greater than 2.00 to 1.00, and (ii) in any amount if our Total Leverage Ratio is less than 2.00 to 1.00, and (b) in either case, if we are not in default or potential default under the loan agreements. On December 31, 2020 our Total Leverage Ratio fell below 2.00, thus eliminating any restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends to our stockholders. Our current Total Leverage Ratio at December 31, 2020 is 1.92.   

 

Our BOD reviews quarterly dividend declarations based on our anticipated earnings, capital requirements and our operating and financial conditions. The cash requirements of our current dividend payment practices are in addition to our other expected cash needs. Should our BOD determine a dividend will be declared, we expect we will have sufficient availability from our current cash flows from operations to fund our existing cash needs and the payment of our dividends. In addition, we expect we will have sufficient availability under our revolving credit facility to fund dividend payments in addition to any fluctuations in working capital and other cash needs.

 

Item 6.   Selected Financial Data

 

Not required for a smaller reporting company.

 

Item 7.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our historical financial statements and the related notes contained elsewhere in this report.

 

Overview

 

Nuvera has a state-of-the-art; fiber-rich communications network and offers a diverse array of communications products and services. We provide local telephone service and network access to other communications carriers for connections to our networks. In addition, we provide long distance service, broadband Internet access, video services, and managed and hosted solutions services.

 

Our operations consist primarily of providing services to customers for a monthly charge. Because many of these services are recurring in nature, backlog orders and seasonality are not significant factors. Our working capital requirements include financing the construction of our networks. We also require capital to maintain our networks and infrastructure; fund the payroll costs of our highly skilled labor force; maintain inventory to service capital projects, our network and our telephone equipment customers; pay dividends and provide for the carrying value of trade accounts receivable, some of which may take several months to collect in the normal course of business.

 

Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business

 

Through year-end of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impacts on our business. We continue to operate with some modifications because, based on the various published standards to date, the work our employees are performing, particularly with respect to providing communication services required by our customers is critical, essential and life-sustaining.

 

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We took actions intended to protect our employees and our customers that adversely affected our results.

 

●       First, we restricted public access to our offices and halted all customer in-location service installations and performed those installations remotely, which resulted in lower sales and installations through the third quarter of 2020. Many of our locations have re-opened to the public but with restrictions which has caused lower customer traffic and lower sales;

 

●       Second, many of our customers either closed their locations or operated at significantly diminished capacity as a result of local and national actions taken, such as stay-at-home mandates that reduced business activity, which negatively impacted sales and increased our customer churn for our legacy voice and video products;

 

●       Third, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased traffic on our networks as the State of Minnesota had issued executive orders requiring remote-learning for schools, the shutdown of non-essential businesses and a work-from home order for many workers in multiple industries;

 

●       Fourth, although we have seen an increase in customers for our internet product including increased demand for higher bandwidth speeds that increase has not been able to offset the loss in customers we have experienced in our legacy voice and video products. We also expect that due to the number of job losses due to the COVID-19 pandemic that a number of our customers may have difficulty in paying for their existing services which will affect our ability to ultimately collect from and retain those customers; and

 

●       Fifth, social actions taken to mitigate the effects of the pandemic produced increased costs for us through significant demand for personal protection equipment and sanitation products to protect our employees and customers.

 

In the second and third quarters of 2020 many of the markets in which we operate had begun to ease restrictions that were in place earlier in the period. This had two effects.

 

●       The first was to improve the outlook in the sales and installation of our internet products; and

 

●       The second was that the increased traffic on our networks has somewhat eased as we had made substantial investments in 2020 to accommodate the increased traffic we had seen on our networks due to the pandemic.

 

In the fourth quarter of 2020 viral infections had begun to increase again and the State of Minnesota issued an order to shut down a number of businesses in the state and has also implemented a mandatory mask requirement for all state residents. Subsequently, in early 2021, the State of Minnesota had reopened a number of businesses on a limited basis. As a result, there remains significant uncertainty concerning the magnitude of the impact and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors deriving from the COVID-19 response that have or may negatively impact sales and gross margins in the future include, but are not limited to: limitations on the ability of our suppliers and content providers to manufacture, or procure from manufactures, the products and services we sell, or to meet delivery and installation requirements and commitments; limitations on the ability of our employees to perform their work due to illness caused by the pandemic or local, state, or federal orders requiring employees to remain at home; limitations on the ability of carriers to deliver our products or our inability to install our products; limitations on the ability of our customers to conduct business and purchase our products and services; and limitations on the ability of our customers to pay us on a timely basis.

 

With respect to liquidity, we continue to evaluate and limit costs and spending across our organization. This includes limiting or eliminating discretionary spending and non-essential capital investment expenditures. As of the end of 2020, we have our entire $10M bank revolver available for use in the event that the need arises. We will continue to actively monitor the situation and may take further actions that alter our operations as may be required by federal, state or local authorities or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, suppliers and shareholders.

 

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The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic and the various responses to it impacts our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including: the duration and scope of the pandemic; governmental, business and individuals’ actions that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; the availability and cost to access the capital markets; the effect on our customers and customer demand for and ability to pay for our services; disruptions or restrictions on our employees’ ability to work and travel; interruptions or restrictions related to the provision of our services, including impacts on content delivery networks and; and any stoppages, disruptions or increased costs associated with our operations. During the COVID-19 crisis, we may not be able to provide the same level of customer service and product installation, that our customers are used to which could negatively impact their perception of our service resulting in an increase in service cancellations. If we need to access the capital markets, there can be no assurance that financing may be available on attractive terms, if at all. We will continue to actively monitor the issues raised by the COVID-19 pandemic and may take further actions that alter our operations as may be required by federal, state or local authorities, or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, partners and stockholders.  While we are unable to determine or predict the nature, duration or scope of the overall impact the COVID-19 pandemic will have on our business, results of operations, liquidity or capital resources, we believe that it is important to share where our company stands today, how our response to COVID-19 is progressing and how our operations and financial condition may change as the fight against COVID-19 progresses.

 

Executive Summary

 

Highlights:

 

●       On April 16, 2020, Nuvera received a $2,889,000 loan under the Small Business Administration’s (SBA) Payroll Protection Program (PPP). The PPP is designed to provide a direct incentive for small businesses to keep their workers employed during the COVID-19 crisis. The SBA will forgive loans if all employees are kept on the payroll for a required period under the program starting April 16, 2020 and the loan funds are used for payroll, rent and utilities. Nuvera has retained employment of all employees through this period and followed all the SBA rules regarding this loan. The Company applied for debt forgiveness in August, 2020. See Note 20 – “Subsequent Events” for information regarding PPP loan forgiveness.

 

●       In January 2020, the Company was awarded a broadband grant from the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED). The grant will provide up to 36.5% of the total cost of building fiber connections to homes and businesses for improved high-speed internet in unserved or underserved communities and businesses in the Company’s service area. The Company is eligible to receive $730,000 of the approximately $2,000,000 total project costs. The Company will provide the remaining 63.5% matching funds. Construction and expenditures for these projects began in the spring of 2020. We have not yet received any funds for these projects as of December 31, 2020.    

 

●         On August 29, 2019, the Company entered into a second interest rate swap agreement (IRSA) with CoBank covering an additional $42,000,000 of our aggregate indebtedness to CoBank at August 29, 2019. The swap effectively locked in a significant portion of our variable-rate debt through July 2025. Under this IRSA, we have changed the variable rate cash flow exposure on the debt obligations to fixed cash flows. Under the terms of the IRSA, we pay a fixed contractual interest rate and (i) make an additional payment if the LIBOR variable rate payment is below a contractual rate or (ii) receive a payment if the LIBOR variable rate payment is above the contractual rate.

 

●         On August 27, 2019, the Company announced that it had hired Glenn H. Zerbe as CEO of the Company effective Tuesday, September 3, 2019. Mr. Zerbe most recently served as Vice President of Sales for Frontier Communications Corporation, where he held positions of increasing responsibility since joining Frontier in 2011. Prior to his employment with Frontier, Mr. Zerbe had more than 20 years of sales, marketing and management experience in the communications industry, with companies such as Spanlink, Cisco Systems, SBC, AT&T and IBM. Mr. Zerbe replaced former CEO Bill D. Otis who announced his retirement on April 15, 2019. Mr. Otis’s actual retirement date was effective December 31, 2019. Mr. Otis will continue to provide consulting services to ensure a smooth and successful leadership transition. Mr. Otis will also continue to serve on the BOD after the effective date of his retirement. The Company recognized approximately $1.06 million of one-time expenses associated with the transition of the new CEO and payments to a former executive officer in 2019.

 

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●       On February 27, 2019, the Company’s BOD authorized and directed the Company to accept the FCC’s revised offer of A-CAM support and the revised associated service deployment obligations. Under the revised FCC offer Notice, the Company will be entitled to annually receive (i) $596,084 for its Iowa operations and (ii) $8,354,481 for its Minnesota operations. The Company will receive the revised A-CAM offer over the next 10 years starting in 2019. The Company will use the additional support that it receives through the A-CAM program to continue to meet its defined broadband build-out obligations, which the Company is currently completing. A letter of acceptance to elect the revised A-CAM support was filed by the Company with the FCC on March 8, 2019. The FCC accepted the Company’s letter on March 11, 2019.  

 

●       Net income in 2020 totaled $9,835,812, which was a $1,505,833, or 18.1% increase compared to 2019. This increase was primarily due to decreased operating expenses and decreased interest expense, partially offset by decreased operating revenues and increased income taxes, all of which are described below.

 

●       Consolidated revenue for 2020 totaled $64,911,071, which was a $30,270 decrease compared to 2019. This decrease was primarily due to decreases in network access and voice service revenue, partially offset by increases in data revenues, all of which are described below.  

 

Business Trends

 

Included below is a synopsis of business trends management believes will continue to affect us in 2021.

 

Voice and switched access revenues are expected to continue to be adversely impacted by future declines in access lines due to competition in the communications industry from CATV providers, VoIP providers, wireless, other competitors, emerging technologies and the on-going effects of COVID-19. As we experience access line losses, our switched access revenue will continue to decline consistent with industry-wide trends. A combination of changing minutes of use, carriers optimizing their network costs, lower demand for dedicated lines and downward rate pressures may affect our future voice and switched access revenues. Access line losses totaled 1,880 or 8.53% in 2020 compared to 2019 due to the reasons mentioned above.

 

The expansion of our state-of-the-art; fiber-rich communications network, growth in broadband customer sales along with continued migration to higher connectivity speeds and the sales of Internet value-added services such as on-line data backup, and hosted and managed service solutions are expected to continue to offset the revenue declines from the access line trends discussed above.

 

To be competitive, we continue to emphasize the bundling of our products and services. Our customers have the option to bundle local phone, high-speed Internet, long distance and video services. These bundles provide our customers with one convenient location to obtain all of their communications and entertainment options, a convenient billing solution and bundle discounts. We believe that product bundles positively impact our customer retention, and the associated discounts provide our customers the best value for their communications and entertainment options. We have a state-of-the-art, fiber-rich broadband network, which, along with the bundling of our voice, Internet and video services allows us to meet customer demands for products and services. We continue to focus on the research and deployment of advanced technological products that include broadband services, wireless services, private line, VoIP, digital video, IPTV and hosted and managed services.

 

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We continue to evaluate our operating structure to identify opportunities for increased operational efficiencies and effectiveness. This involves evaluating opportunities for task automation, network efficiency and the balancing of our workforce based on the current needs of our customers.

 

Financial results for the Communications Segment for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are included below:

 

 

Revenue

 

Voice Service – We receive recurring revenue for basic voice services that enable customers to make and receive telephone calls within a defined local calling area for a flat monthly fee. In addition to subscribing to basic local telephone services, our customers may choose from a variety of custom calling features such as call waiting, call forwarding, caller identification and voicemail. Voice service revenue was $6,685,961, which was $529,887 or 7.3% lower in 2020 compared to 2019. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in access lines, which has been accelerated due to the on-going effects of COVID-19, partially offset by a combination of rate increases introduced into several of our markets in the first quarter of 2020.  

 

The number of access lines we serve as a company have been decreasing, which is consistent with a general industry trend, as customers are increasingly utilizing other technologies, such as wireless phones and IP services. To help offset declines in voice service revenue, we implemented an overall strategy that continues to focus on selling a competitive bundle of services. Our focus on marketing competitive service bundles to our customers creates value for the customer and aids in the retention of our voice lines.

 

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Network Access – We provide access services to other communications carriers for the use of our facilities to terminate or originate traffic on our network. Additionally, we bill SLCs to substantially all of our customers for access to the public switched network. These monthly SLCs are regulated and approved by the FCC. In addition, network access revenue was derived from several federally administered pooling arrangements designed to provide network support and distribute funding to communications companies. Network access revenue was $6,086,090, which was $1,480,489 or 19.6% lower in 2020 compared to 2019. This decrease was primarily due to lower minutes of use on our network and lower special access revenues, which has been accelerated due to the on-going effects of COVID-19.

 

In recent years, IXCs and others have become more aggressive in disputing both interstate carrier access charges and the applicability of access charges to their network traffic. We believe that long distance and other communication providers will continue to challenge the applicability of access charges either before the FCC or directly with the LECs. We cannot predict the likelihood of future claims and cannot estimate the impact.

 

Video Service – We receive monthly recurring revenue from our subscribers for providing commercial TV programming in competition with local CATV, satellite dish TV and off-air TV service providers. We serve twenty-two communities with our IPTV services and five communities with our CATV services.Video revenue was $12,224,574, which was $142,750 or 1.2% higher in 2020 compared to 2019. This increase was primarily due to a combination of rate increases introduced into several of our markets over the course of the last several years, partially offset by a decline in customers, which has been accelerated due to the on-going effects of COVID-19.

 

Data Service – We provide high speed Internet to business and residential customers. Our revenue is earned based on the offering of various flat rate packages based on the level of service, data speeds and features. We also provide e-mail and managed services, such as web hosting and design, on-line file back up and on-line file storage. Data revenue was $23,377,726, which was $1,638,482 or 7.5% higher in 2020 compared to 2019. This increase was primarily due to an increase in data customers and customers upgrading their packages and speeds. We expect continued growth in this area will be driven by expansion of service areas, our aggressively packaging service bundles and marketing managed service solutions to businesses.

 

A-CAM/FUSF– In 2019, the Company elected to receive funding from A-CAM, with the exception of Scott-Rice, which still receives funding from the FUSF. See Note 2 – “Revenue Recognition” for a discussion regarding FUSF.

 

A-CAM/FUSF support totaled $12,085,683, which was $76,948 or 0.6% lower in 2020 compared to 2019. This decrease was primarily due to lower FUSF support received for Scott-Rice.   

 

Other Revenue – Our customers are billed for toll and long-distance services on either a per call or flat-rate basis. This also includes the offering of directory assistance, operator service and long distance private lines. We also generate revenue from directory publishing through an outside vendor, sales and service of CPE, bill processing and other customer services. Our directory publishing revenue in our telephone directories recurs monthly. We also provide retail sales and service of cellular phones and accessories through Telespire, a national wireless provider. We resell these wireless services as Nuvera Wireless, our branded product. We receive both recurring revenue for our wireless services, as well as revenue collected for the sales of wireless phones and accessories. Other revenue was $4,451,037, which was $275,822 or 6.6% higher in 2020 compared to 2019. This increase was primarily due to increases in the sales and installation of CPE.

 

Cost of Services (Excluding Depreciation and Amortization)

 

Cost of services (excluding depreciation and amortization) was $27,895,371, which was $73,796 or 0.3% higher in 2020 compared to 2019. This increase was primarily due to higher programming costs from video content providers, higher costs associated with increased maintenance and support agreements on our equipment and software, and the cost to maintain a highly-skilled workforce, partially offset by cost containment measures implemented by the Company due to COVID-19.    

 

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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $9,854,343, which was $1,070,623 or 9.8% lower in 2020 compared to 2019. This decrease was primarily due to the Company recognizing one-time expenses associated with the transition of the new CEO and payments to a former executive officer in 2019, which occurred primarily in the third and fourth quarters of 2019 and did not reoccur in 2020 and the implementation of cost containment measures implemented by the Company due to COVID-19.

 

Depreciation and Amortization

 

Depreciation and amortization was $12,143,330, which was $22,468 or 0.2% higher in 2020 compared to 2019. This increase was primarily due to increases in our broadband property, plant and equipment, reflecting our continual investment in technology and infrastructure in order to meet our customers’ demands for products and services.     

 

Operating Income

 

Operating income was $15,018,027, which is $944,089 or 6.7% higher in 2020 compared to 2019. This increase was primarily due to lower operating expenses, which is described above.

 

See Consolidated Statements of Income Below (for discussion)

 

Other Income (Expense) and Interest Expense   

 

Other income in 2020 and 2019 included a patronage credit earned with CoBank as a result of our debt agreements with them. The patronage credit allocated and received in 2020 was $647,369, compared to $403,786 allocated and received in 2019. CoBank determines and pays the patronage credit annually, generally in the first quarter of the calendar year, based on its results from the prior year. We record these patronage credits as income when they are received.

 

Interest and dividend income increased $30,472 in 2020 compared to 2019. This increase was primarily due to an increase in dividend income earned on our investments.

 

Interest expense decreased $899,983 in 2020 compared to 2019. This decrease was primarily due to lower outstanding debt balances and lower interest rates in connection with our credit facility with CoBank.    

 

Other investment income increased $30,775 in 2020 compared to 2019. Other investment income is primarily from our equity ownerships in several partnerships and limited liability companies.                       

 

Income Taxes

 

Income tax expense increased by $751,846 in 2020 compared to 2019 as we recorded income tax expense of $4,061,313 in 2020 and $3,309,467 in 2019. The increase in income taxes was primarily due to an increase in operating income, a decrease in interest expense and an increase in CoBank patronage dividends. The effective income tax rate was approximately 29.2% for 2020 and 28.4% 2019. The difference between the effective tax rate and the federal statutory tax rate are reconciled in Note 9 – “Income Taxes.” 

 

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Inflation 

 

It is the opinion of our management that the effects of inflation on operating revenue and expenses over the past two years have been immaterial. Our management anticipates that this trend will continue in the near future.

 

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

The Company has no significant Off Balance Sheet Arrangements (as defined in Item 303 (a)(4) of Regulation S-K).

 

Non-GAAP Measures

 

In addition to the results reported with GAAP, we also use certain non-GAAP measures such as EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA to evaluate operating performance and to facilitate the comparison of our historical results and trends. These financial measures are not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income as a measure of performance and net cash provided by operating activities as a measure of liquidity. They are not, on their own, necessarily indicative of cash available to fund cash needs as determined in accordance with GAAP. The calculation of these non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP are provided below.

 

EBITDA is defined as net earnings before interest expense, income taxes, and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is comprised of EBITDA, adjusted for certain items as permitted or required under our credit facility as described in the reconciliations below. These measures are a common measure of operating performance in the communications industry and are useful, with other data, as a means to evaluate our ability to fund our estimated uses of cash.

 

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The following table is a reconciliation of net income to adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

 

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Capital Structure

 

Nuvera’s total capital structure (long-term and short-term debt obligations, net of unamortized loan fees plus stockholders’ equity) was $141,570,577 at December 31, 2020, reflecting 61.9% equity and 38.1% debt. This compares to a capital structure of $136,342,185 at December 31, 2019, reflecting 59.2% equity and 40.8% debt. In the communications industry, debt financing is most often based on operating cash flows. Specifically, our current use of our credit facilities is in a ratio of approximately 1.92 times debt to EBITDA (as defined in the loan documents), which is well within acceptable limits for our agreements and our industry. Our management believes adequate operating cash flows and other internal and external resources, such as our cash on hand and revolving credit facility are available to finance ongoing operating requirements, including capital expenditures, business development, debt service, temporary financing of trade accounts receivable.

 

Liquidity Outlook

 

Our short-term and long-term liquidity needs arise primarily from (i) capital expenditures; (ii) working capital requirements needed to support our growth; (iii) debt service; (iv) dividend payments on our stock and (v) potential acquisitions.

 

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Our primary sources of liquidity for the year ended December 31, 2020 were proceeds from cash generated from operations and cash reserves held at the beginning of the period. At December 31, 2020 we had a working capital surplus of $3,055,128. In addition, at December 31, 2020, we had $10.0 million available under our revolving credit facility to fund any short-term working capital needs. The working capital surplus as of December 31, 2020 was primarily the result of increased cash balances.

 

We have not conducted a public equity offering. We operate with original equity capital, retained earnings and additions to indebtedness in the form of senior debt and bank lines of credit.

 

Cash Flows

 

We expect our liquidity needs to include capital expenditures, payment of interest and principal on our indebtedness, income taxes and dividends. We use our cash inflow to manage the temporary increases in cash demand and utilize our revolving credit facility to manage more significant fluctuations in liquidity caused by growth initiatives.

 

While it is often difficult for us to predict the impact of general economic conditions, including the impact of COVID-19 on us, we believe that we will be able to meet our current and long-term cash requirements primarily through our operating cash flows and anticipate that we will be able to plan for and match future liquidity needs with future internal and available external resources.

 

We periodically seek to add growth initiatives by either expanding our network or our markets through organic or internal investments or through strategic acquisitions. We believe we can adjust the timing or the number of our initiatives according to any limitations which may be imposed by our capital structure or sources of financing.

 

Impact of COVID-19 on Our Cash Flows

 

The global spread of COVID-19 and the various attempts to contain it have created and are expected to create volatility with our future cash flows. Our future cash flows are expected to be impacted by our customer’s inability to pay for their existing services or their inability to acquire our services due to their personal financial hardships created by COVID-19. We may not be able to expand our network, acquire new customers or service existing customers based on our future cash flow position. We have implemented a Company policy whereby we are conserving cash by eliminating discretionary spending and limiting our CapEx spending to critical projects including fulfilling our A-CAM build requirements. We are experiencing disruptions in our business as we implement these modifications to preserve adequate liquidity and ensure that we can continue to operate during this uncertain time.

 

The following table summarizes our cash flow:

 

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

 

Cash generated by operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $21,244,610, compared to cash generated by operations of $22,974,664 in 2019. The decrease in cash flows from operating activities in 2020 was primarily due to the timing of receipts of accounts receivable, other accrued liabilities and income taxes, partially offset by the timing of accounts payable, and deferred income taxes.  

 

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Cash generated by operations continues to be our primary source of funding for existing operations, capital expenditures, debt service and dividend payments to stockholders. Cash at December 31, 2020 was $8,617,660, compared to $2,993,000 at December 31, 2019.  

 

Cash Flows From Investing Activities

 

We operate in a capital intensive business. We continue to upgrade our local networks for changes in technology in order to provide advanced services to our customers.

 

Cash flows used in investing activities were $12,298,469 for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to $12,697,887 used in investing activities in 2019. Capital expenditures relating to on-going operations were $12,002,735 in 2020 and $13,046,645 in 2019. Our total plant additions in 2020 and 2019 were recorded net of broadband grants awarded by the State of Minnesota. Our investing expenditures were financed with cash flows from our current operations and advances on our line of credit when needed. We believe that our current operations will provide adequate cash flows to fund our plant additions for the upcoming year; however, funding from our revolving credit facility is available if the timing of our cash flows from operations does not match our cash flow requirements. As of December 31, 2020, we had $10.0 million available under our existing credit facility to fund capital expenditures and other operating needs.

 

Cash Flows From Financing Activities

 

Cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $3,321,481. This included long-term debt repayments of $4,621,815, the issuance of debt (PPP loan funds) of $2,889,000, the repurchase of common stock of $238,612 and the distribution of $1,350,054 of dividends to stockholders. Cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $8,868,546. This included long-term debt repayments of $6,110,400, the repurchase of common stock of $114,126 and the distribution of $2,644,020 of dividends to stockholders. The change in cash flows used in financing activities in 2020 was primarily due to the issuance of PPP loan funds, lower long-term debt repayments and lower dividends paid.

 

Working Capital

 

We had a working capital surplus (i.e. current assets minus current liabilities) of $3,055,128 at December 31, 2020, with current assets of approximately $15.1 million and current liabilities of approximately $12.0 million, compared to a working capital deficit of $2,146,745 at December 31, 2019. The ratio of current assets to current liabilities was 1.25 and 0.81 at December 31, 2020 and 2019. The working capital surplus at December 31, 2020 was primarily the result of increased cash balances.     

 

Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Facilities

 

Our long-term debt obligations as of December 31, 2020, were $47,514,599 (excluding long-term loan origination fees), net of current debt maturities of $6,886,986 (excluding short-term loan origination fees). Our long-term debt obligations as of December 31, 2019, were $51,524,000 (excluding long-term loan origination fees), net of current debt maturities of $4,610,400 (excluding short-term loan origination fees).

 

Our Long-Term Debt consists of the following notes:

 

    Master Loan Agreements (MLA) RX0583

 

●           RX0583(A)-T4 - $64,550,000 term note with interest payable quarterly. Final maturity date of this note is July 31, 2025. Twenty-eight quarterly principal payments of $1,152,600 are due commencing September 30, 2018 through June 30, 2025. A final balloon payment of $32,277,200 is due at maturity of this note on July 31, 2025. 

 

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●           RX0583(A)-T5 - $10,000,000 revolving note with interest payable quarterly. Final maturity date of this note is July 31, 2025. We currently have drawn $0 on this revolving note as of December 31, 2020.

 

RX0583(A)-T4 and RX0583(A)-T5 initially bear interest at a “LIBOR Margin” rate equal to 3.25 percent over the applicable LIBOR rate. The LIBOR Margin decreases as our “Leverage Ratio” decreases.

 

We generally use variable-rate debt to finance our operations, capital expenditures and acquisitions. These variable-rate debt obligations expose us to variability in interest payments due to changes in interest rates. The terms of our credit facility with CoBank require that we enter into interest rate agreements designed to protect us against fluctuations in interest rates, in an aggregate principal amount and for a duration determined under the credit facility.

 

As described in Note 8 – “Interest Rate Swaps,” on August 1, 2018 we entered into an IRSA with CoBank covering 25 percent of our existing debt balance or $16,137,500 of our aggregate indebtedness to CoBank at August 1, 2018. As of December 31, 2020, our IRSA covered $13,256,000, with a weighted average rate of 5.52%.

 

As described in Note 8 – “Interest Rate Swaps,” on August 29, 2019 we entered into a second IRSA with CoBank covering an additional $42,000,000 of our aggregate indebtedness to CoBank at August 29, 2019. As of December 31, 2020, our IRSA covered $37,154,202, with a weighted average rate of 3.75%.

 

Our remaining debt of $11.1 million ($10.0 million available under the revolving credit facilities and $1.1 million currently outstanding) remains subject to variable interest rates at an effective weighted average interest rate of 2.65%, as of December 31, 2020.

Nuvera and its respective subsidiaries also have entered into security agreements under which substantially all the assets of Nuvera and its respective subsidiaries have been pledged to CoBank as collateral. In addition, Nuvera and its respective subsidiaries have guaranteed all the obligations under the credit facility. The mortgage notes are required to be paid in quarterly installments covering principal and interest, beginning in the year of issue and maturing on July 31, 2025.

 

Our credit facility requires us to comply with specified financial ratios and tests. These financial ratios include total leverage ratio, debt service coverage ratio, equity to total assets ratio and annual maximum aggregate capital expenditures. At December 31, 2020, we were in compliance with all the stipulated financial ratios in the loan agreements.

 

Our loan agreements include restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends to our stockholders. However, we are allowed to pay dividends (a) (i) in an amount up to $2,700,000 in any year if our “Total Leverage Ratio,” that is, the ratio of our “Indebtedness” to “EBITDA” – as defined in the loan documents is greater than 2.00 to 1.00, and (ii) in any amount if our Total Leverage Ratio is less than 2.00 to 1.00, and (b) in either case, if we are not in default or potential default under the loan agreements. On December 31, 2020 our Total Leverage Ratio fell below 2.00, thus eliminating any restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends to our stockholders. Our current Total Leverage Ratio at December 31, 2020 is 1.92.   

 

There are security and loan agreements underlying our current CoBank credit facility that contain restrictions on our distributions to stockholders and investment in, or loans, to others. Also, our credit facility contains restrictions that, among other things, limits or restricts our ability to enter into guarantees and contingent liabilities, incur additional debt, issue stock, transact asset sales, transfers or dispositions, and engage in mergers and acquisitions, without CoBank approval.

 

On April 16, 2020, Nuvera received a $2,889,000 loan under the SBA’s PPP, which was established as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief Economic Security Act, or CARES Act. The PPP Loan is unsecured and is evidenced by a note in the favor of Citizens Bank Minnesota (Citizens) as the lender.

 

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The interest rate on the Note is 1.0% per annum. Payments of principal and interest are deferred for 180 days from the date of the Note (the deferral period). The PPP provides a mechanism for forgiveness of up to the full amount borrowed as long as Nuvera uses the loan proceeds during the 24-week period after the loan origination for eligible purposes, including U.S. payroll costs, certain benefit costs, rent and utilities costs, and maintains its employment and compensation levels, subject to certain other requirements and limitations. The amount of the loan forgiveness is subject to reduction, among other things, if Nuvera terminates employees or reduces salaries or wages during the 24-week period. Any unforgiven portion of the PPP Loan is payable over a two-year term, with payments deferred during the deferral period. Nuvera is permitted to prepay the Note at any time without payment of any premium. The Note contains customary events of default, including, among others, those relating to failure to make a payment, bankruptcy, material defaults or other indebtedness, breaches of representations, and material adverse changes. The Company has adhered to all guidelines under the terms of the Note and applied for debt forgiveness in August, 2020. 

 

See Note 20 – “Subsequent Events” for information regarding PPP loan forgiveness.

 

See Note 7 – “Long-Term Debt” for information pertaining to our long-term debt and current effective interest rates.  

 

Guarantees

 

We have guaranteed a portion of the obligations of our Nuvera subsidiary joint venture investment in FiberComm, LC. See Note 14 – “Guarantees.”

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations stated in this 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K are based upon Nuvera’s consolidated financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, rules and regulations of the SEC and, where applicable, conform to the accounting principles as prescribed by federal and state telephone utility regulatory authorities. We presently give accounting recognition to the actions of regulators where appropriate. The preparation of our financial statements requires our management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Our senior management has discussed the development and selection of accounting estimates and the related Management Discussion and Analysis disclosure with our Audit Committee. For a summary of our significant accounting policies, see Note 1 – “Business Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” 

 

Revenue Recognition

 

See Note 2 – “Revenue Recognition” for a discussion of our revenue recognition policies.

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. In making the determination of the appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts, we consider specific accounts, historical write-offs, changes in customer relationships, credit worthiness and concentrations of credit risk. Specific accounts receivable are written off once a determination is made that the account is uncollectible. Additional allowances may be required if the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments. Our allowance for doubtful accounts was $160,000 and $120,000 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.  

 

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Financial Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

 

We have adopted the rules prescribed under GAAP for our financial assets and liabilities. GAAP includes a fair value hierarchy that is intended to increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures.  

 

The fair value of our IRSAs is discussed in Note 8 – “Interest Rate Swaps.” The fair value of our swap agreement was determined based on Level 2 inputs.

 

Valuation of Goodwill

 

We have goodwill on our books related to prior acquisitions of communications company properties. As discussed more fully in Note 6 – “Goodwill and Intangibles,” and in accordance with GAAP, goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would reduce the fair value below its carrying value. We perform our annual fair value evaluation in the fourth quarter of each year.    

 

The impairment test for goodwill involves a two-step process: step one consists of a comparison of the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including the goodwill allocated to each reporting unit. If the carrying amount is in excess of the fair value, step two requires the comparison of the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill. Any excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit goodwill over the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill will be recorded as an impairment loss.

 

In 2020 and 2019, we engaged an independent valuation firm to aid in the completion of an annual impairment test for existing goodwill acquired. For 2020 and 2019, the testing resulted in no impairment to goodwill as the determined fair value was sufficient to pass the first step of the impairment test. We used a combination of Income (Discounted Cash Flow Method or DCF Method) and Market Approaches to estimate the fair value of the goodwill on our books related to prior acquisitions of communications company properties. The assumptions used in the estimates of fair value were based on projections provided by our management and a rate of return based on market information observed in debt and traded equity securities. Their Market Approaches considered market multiples observed in companies comparable to ours, traded on public exchange or over-the-counter, or transacted in a merger or acquisition transaction. 

 

Assumptions used in our 2020 DCF model include the following:

 

●       An 8.00% weighted average cost of capital based on an industry weighted average cost of capital;

 

●       A 1.50% terminal revenue growth rate.

 

The most significant amount of goodwill recorded on our books was due to the acquisitions of HTC, SETC and Scott-Rice. The carrying value of the goodwill was $49,903,029 as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.

 

In 2020, we tested the HTC, SETC and Scott-Rice goodwill. Based on the DCF model approach that was used, we determined the estimated enterprise fair value of our reporting units exceeded the carrying amount of that reporting units by approximately 11.5%, 64.5% and 3.1% for HTC, SETC and Scott-Rice, respectively, which indicated that we had no impairment as of December 31, 2020. Future negative changes relating to our financial operations could result in a potential impairment of goodwill.  

 

Income Taxes

 

The provision for income taxes consists of an amount for taxes currently payable and a provision for tax consequences deferred to future periods. Deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities, and their respective tax basis. Significant components of our deferred taxes arise from differences (i) in the basis of property, plant and equipment due to the use of accelerated depreciation methods for tax purposes, as well as (ii) in partnership investments and intangible assets due to the difference between book and tax basis. Our effective income tax rate is normally higher than the United States tax rate due to state income taxes and permanent differences.

 

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We account for income taxes in accordance with GAAP, which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. As required by GAAP, we recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more-likely-than-not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority.

 

In accordance with GAAP, we record net unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the income tax provision when recorded. See Note 9 – “Income Taxes.”  

 

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 we had $44,155 and $0 of unrecognized tax benefits.  

 

We are primarily subject to United States, Minnesota, Iowa, Nebraska, North Dakota and Wisconsin income taxes. Tax years subsequent to 2016 remain open to examination by federal and state tax authorities. Our policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters as income tax expense. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 we had $3,208 and $0 of interest or penalties accrued that related to income tax matters.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

We record impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations when events and circumstances indicate the assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amounts of those assets. In assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets, we compare the carrying value to the undiscounted future cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If the total of the undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the assets, we would write down those assets based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. Fair value is generally determined by calculating the discounted future cash flows expected from those assets. Changes in these estimates could have a material adverse effect on the assessment of long-lived assets, thereby requiring a write-down of the assets. Write-downs of long-lived assets are recorded as impairment charges and are a component of operating expenses. We have reviewed our long-lived assets and concluded that no impairment charge on these long-lived assets is necessary.

 

We use the group life method (mass asset accounting) to depreciate the assets of our communication companies. Communications plant acquired in a given year is grouped into similar categories and depreciated over the remaining estimated useful life of the group. When an asset is retired, both the asset and the accumulated depreciation associated with that asset are removed from the books. Due to rapid changes in technology, selecting the estimated economic life of communications plant and equipment requires a significant amount of judgment. We periodically review data on expected utilization of new equipment, asset retirement activity and net salvage values to determine adjustments to our depreciation rates. We have not made any significant changes to the lives of assets in the two-year period ended December 31, 2020.

 

Equity Method Investment

 

We are an investor in several partnerships and limited liability corporations. Our percentages of ownership in these joint ventures range from 9.09% to 24.30%. We use the equity method of accounting for these investments, which reflects original cost and the recognition of our share of the net income or losses from the respective operations.  

 

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Incentive Compensation

 

We engaged an outside consultant in 2005 to advise us in our development of an Employee Incentive Plan for employees other than executive officers and a Management Incentive Plan for our executive officers.  Both plans were implemented in 2006. Both of these plans are cash/stock-based incentive plans. Payments on each plan are based on an achievement of objectives of measurable corporate performance using financial targets. The financial targets are based on an achievement of specified operating revenues and operating income before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (OIBITDA).  

 

We accrue an estimated liability each year for these potential payouts and reverse that accrual if the incentive payout targets are not met and paid out. Incentive payouts, if earned, are typically paid in late March of the year following the target year and after the filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K.  

 

On February 24, 2017, our BOD adopted the Nuvera Communications, Inc. 2017 Omnibus Stock Plan (the Plan) effective May 25, 2017. The shareholders of the Company approved the Plan at the May 25, 2017 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.The purpose of the Plan was to enable Nuvera and its subsidiaries to attract and retain talented and experienced people, closely link employee compensation with performance realized by shareholders, and reward long-term results with long-term compensation. The Plan enables us to grant stock incentive awards to current and new employees, including officers, and to Board members and service providers. The Plan permits stock incentive awards in the form of options (incentive and non-qualified), stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (RSU), performance stock, performance units, and other awards in stock or cash. The Plan permits the issuance of up to 625,000 shares of our Common Stock in any of the above stock awards.

 

See Note 16 – “Restricted Stock Units” for a detailed discussion of our incentive compensation and RSUs. 

 

Recent Accounting Developments

 

See Note 1 – “Business Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for a discussion of recent accounting developments.

 

Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

Not required for a smaller reporting company.

 

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Item 8.   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Nuvera Communications, Inc.

 

Opinion on the Financial Statements

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Nuvera Communications, Inc. (a Minnesota corporation) and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

Basis for Opinion

 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. 

 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risk of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

Critical Audit Matter

 

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.  

 

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       Evaluation of Goodwill for Impairment

 

       Description of the Matter

At December 31, 2020, the Company’s goodwill balance was $49,903,029. As discussed in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements, reporting unit goodwill is tested for impairment as least annually or when events or circumstances indicate the fair value of a reporting unit may be below its carrying value. This analysis involves comparing the carrying value of a reporting unit’s equity against the estimated fair value of the reporting units equity which is determined using discounted cash flow (DCF) models and market based approaches using market multiples of peer companies which offer comparable services to its reporting units. These fair value estimates are sensitive to significant assumptions, such as cash flow projections, operating and EBITDA margins, discount rates, terminal values, subscriber growth and churn, and capital investment. These assumptions are affected by expectations about future market and economic conditions.  

 

Auditing management’s annual impairment tests for goodwill was complex because of the significant judgment required to evaluate the management assumptions described above used to determine the fair value of the reporting units.

      

       How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit

We obtained an understanding of the controls over the Company’s goodwill impairment review processes. This included controls over management’s use of both an outside specialist and internal review of the valuation models and the significant assumptions noted above, utilized in both the DCF and market valuation methods.

 

To test the estimated fair value of the Company’s reporting units, we involved our valuation specialists to assist us in performing our audit procedures. Our procedures included, among others, testing the valuation methodology used and the significant assumptions within the valuation methodology. For example, we compared the significant assumptions to current industry, market and economic trends, and other guideline companies in the same industry and to other factors. Where appropriate, we evaluated whether changes to the company’s business model, customer base and other factors would affect the significant assumptions. We also assessed the historical accuracy of management’s past estimates, tested the clerical accuracy of the valuation calculations, and performed independent sensitivity analyses. In addition, we tested management’s reconciliation of the cumulative fair value of its reporting units to the market capitalization of the Company.

 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2008.

 

Olsen Thielen & Co., Ltd

Roseville, Minnesota

March 16, 2021

 

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NOTE 1 – BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Description of Business

 

Nuvera is a diversified communications company headquartered in New Ulm, Minnesota with more than 115 years of experience in the communications business. Our principal line of business is the operation of seven communications companies. Our businesses consist of connecting customers to our state-of-the-art, fiber-rich communications network, providing managed services, switched service and dedicated private lines, connecting customers to long distance service providers and providing many other services associated with our company. We also provide IPTV, CATV, Internet access services, including high-speed broadband access, and long distance service. We also install and maintain communications systems to the areas in and around our service territories in southern Minnesota and northern Iowa. 

 

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

 

Our accounting policies conform with GAAP and rules and regulations of the SEC and, where applicable, conform to the accounting principles as prescribed by federal and state telephone utility regulatory authorities. We presently give accounting recognition to the actions of regulators where appropriate in preparing general purpose financial statements for most public utilities. In general, the type of regulation covered by this statement permits rates (prices) for some services to be set at levels intended to recover the estimated costs of providing regulated services or products, including the cost of capital (interest costs and a provision for earnings on stockholders’ investments).

 

Our consolidated financial statements report the financial condition and results of operations for Nuvera and its subsidiaries in one business segment: the Communications Segment. Inter-company transactions have been eliminated from the consolidated financial statements.

 

Classification of Costs and Expenses

 

Cost of services includes all costs related to delivery of communication services and products. These operating costs include all costs of performing services and providing related products including engineering, network monitoring and transportation costs.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses include direct and indirect selling expenses, customer service, billing and collections, advertising and all other general and administrative costs associated with our operations.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires our management to make estimates and judgements that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and judgements used in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are based on our management’s evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial statements. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

See Note 2 – “Revenue Recognition” for a discussion of our revenue recognition policies.

 

Receivables

 

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, our consolidated receivables totaled $1,885,196 and $2,356,742, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts. We believe our receivables as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are recorded at their fair value. As there may be exposure or risk with receivables, we routinely monitor our receivables and adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts when events occur that may potentially affect the collection of our receivables.  

 

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Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. In making the determination of the appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts, we consider specific accounts, historical write-offs, changes in customer relationships, credit worthiness and concentrations of credit risk. Specific accounts receivable are written off once a determination is made that the account is uncollectible. Additional allowances may be required if the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments. 

 

The activity in our allowance for doubtful accounts includes the following:

 

 

Inventories

 

Inventory includes parts, materials and supplies stored in our warehouses to support basic levels of service and maintenance as well as scheduled capital projects and equipment awaiting configuration for customers. Inventory also includes (i) parts and equipment shipped directly from vendors to customer locations while in transit and (ii) parts and equipment returned from customers that are being returned to vendors for credit. Our inventory value as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $2,965,960 and $2,827,159.

 

We value inventory using the lower of cost or net realizable value. Similar to our allowance for doubtful accounts, we make estimates related to the valuation of inventory. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had no inventory reserve. We adjust our inventory carrying value for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable inventory to the net realizable value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. As market and other conditions change, we may establish additional inventory reserves at a time when the facts that give rise to a lower value are warranted. We use the first-in, first-out method of inventory costing for our non-retail inventory. We use the average cost method of inventory costing for our retail inventory.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

We record impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations when events and circumstances indicate the assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amounts of those assets. In assessing the recoverability of long-lived assets, we compare the carrying value to the undiscounted future cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If the total of the undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the assets, we would write down those assets based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. Fair value is generally determined by calculating the discounted future cash flows expected from those assets. Changes in these estimates could have a material adverse effect on the assessment of long-lived assets, thereby requiring a write-down of the assets. Write-downs of long-lived assets are recorded as impairment charges and are a component of operating expenses. We have reviewed our long-lived assets and concluded that no impairment charge on our long-lived assets is necessary.

 

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GAAP requires us to recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more-likely-than-not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. See Note 9 – “Income Taxes” for additional information regarding income taxes.

 

Collection of Taxes from Customers

 

Sales, excise and other taxes are imposed on most of our sales to nonexempt customers. We collect these taxes from our customers and remit the entire amounts to governmental authorities. Our accounting policies dictate that we exclude these taxes collected and remitted from our revenues and expenses.

 

Credit Risk

 

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash investments and receivables. We deposit our cash investments in high credit quality financial institutions accounts which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in these accounts and do not believe we are exposed to any significant credit risk. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited due to our large number of customers.

 

Earnings and Dividends Per Share

 

Basic and diluted net income per share are calculated as follows:

 

 

The weighted-average shares outstanding, basic and diluted, are calculated as follows:

 

 

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Nuvera’s BOD reviews quarterly dividend declarations based on our anticipated earnings, capital requirements and our operating and financial conditions.

 

Recent Accounting Developments

 

In March, 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.” ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2101-01, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope. ASU 2021-01 clarifies that certain optional expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the discounting transition. ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 are both elective and are effective upon issuance through December 31, 2022. The Company is evaluating the impact this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. 

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles – Goodwill and other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” ASU 2017-04 simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating the second step of the goodwill impairment test. The second step measures a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Under ASU 2017-04, a company will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value. ASU 2017-04 will be applied prospectively and is effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in the fiscal years beginning January 1, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2017-04 on January 1, 2021 and expects that adoption of the standard will not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” ASU 2016-13 requires entities to use a new forward-looking, expected loss model to estimate credit losses. It also requires additional disclosures relating to the credit quality of trade and other receivables, including information relating to management’s estimate of credit allowances. The Company is required to adopt ASU 2016-13 for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption as of December 15, 2018 is permitted. Management is evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on the Company’s financial statements (if any).

 

We have reviewed all other significant newly issued accounting pronouncements and determined they are either not applicable to us or that no material effect is expected on our financial position and results of operations.

 

NOTE 2 – REVENUE RECOGNITION

 

The Company recognizes revenue based on the following single principles-based, five-step model that is applied to all contracts with customers. These steps include (1) identify the contract(s) with the customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied.

 

Our revenue contracts with customers may include a promise or promises to deliver services such as broadband, video or voice services. Promised services are considered distinct as the customer can benefit from the services either on their own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and the Company’s promise to transfer service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. The Company accounts for services as separate performance obligations. Each service is considered a single performance obligation as it is providing a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer.

 

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