NV5 Global, Inc. - Annual Report: 2015 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015

or

[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-35849

 Securities Registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.        Yes ☐       No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes ☐       No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.      ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ☐     No ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates based on the closing sales price of the registrant’s common stock, as reported on The NASDAQ Capital Market on June 30, 2015 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter), was approximately $127.2 million. For purposes of this computation, all officers, directors, and 10% beneficial owners of the registrant are deemed to be affiliates. Such determination should not be deemed to be an admission that such officers, directors, or 10% beneficial owners are, in fact, affiliates of the registrant.

As of March 7, 2016, there were 8,135,740 shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the registrant’s 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K to the extent stated herein.

NV5 GLOBAL, INC.

FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cautionary Statement about Forward Looking Statements

Our disclosure and analysis in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our 2015 Annual Report to Stockholders, including all documents incorporated by reference, contain “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. From time to time, we also provide forward-looking statements in other materials we release to the public, as well as oral forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our “expectations,” “hopes,” “beliefs,” “intentions,” or “strategies” regarding the future. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts, or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. We have tried, wherever possible, to identify such statements by using words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “predict,” “project,” “may,” “might,” “should,” “would,” “will,” “likely,” “will likely result,” “continue,” “could,” “future,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “target,” “forecast,” “goal,” “observe,” “seek,” “strategy” and other words and terms of similar meaning, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward looking. The forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K reflect the Company’s current views with respect to future events and financial performance.

Forward-looking statements are not historical factors and should not be read as a guarantee or assurance of future performance or results, and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times at, or by, or if such performance or results will be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time those statements are made or management’s good faith beliefs, expectations and assumptions as of that time with respect to future events. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause such differences include:

There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties, or assumptions, many of which are beyond our control, that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K will in fact transpire or prove to be accurate. Readers are cautioned to consider the specific risk factors described herein and in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements contained herein, which speak only as of the date hereof.

The Company undertakes no obligation to update or publicly revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws. All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this paragraph. You are advised, however, to consider any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Also note that we provide a cautionary discussion of risks and uncertainties relevant to our business under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K. We note these factors for investors as permitted by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You should understand it is not possible to predict or identify all such factors.

References in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to (i) “NV5 Global”, the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to NV5 Global, Inc., a Delaware corporation, its consolidated subsidiaries, and the business of Nolte Associates, Inc. (“Nolte”) as our historical accounting predecessor, (ii) “NV5 Holdings” refers to NV5 Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as NV5, Inc.), a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of ours, (iii) “NV5” refers to NV5, Inc. (formerly known as Nolte Associates, Inc.), a California corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of ours, and (iv) “NV5, LLC” refers to NV5, LLC, (formerly known as AK Environmental, LLC) a North Carolina limited liability company, and a wholly owned subsidiary of ours.

PART I

ITEM 1.    BUSINESS

Overview

We are a provider of professional and technical engineering and consulting solutions to public and private sector clients in the infrastructure, energy, construction, real estate, and environmental markets. The scope of our projects includes planning, design, consulting, permitting, inspection and field supervision, and management oversight. We also provide forensic engineering, litigation support, condition assessment, materials testing, and compliance certification.

As the needs of our clients have evolved, we have grouped our engineering service capabilities across the following five verticals:

We are headquartered in Hollywood, Florida, and operate our business from 53 offices nationwide. All of our offices utilize our shared services platform, which consists of human resources, marketing, finance, information technology, legal, corporate development, and other resources from our corporate headquarters. Our shared services platform is scalable and optimizes the performance and efficiency of our business as we grow. By maintaining a centralized, shared services platform, we believe we can better manage our business, apply universal financial and operational controls and procedures, increase efficiencies, and drive lower-cost solutions.

Our public sector clients include U.S. federal, state, municipal, and local government agencies, and military and defense clients. We also serve quasi-public and private sector clients from the education, healthcare, energy, and public utilities sectors, including schools, universities, hospitals, health care providers, insurance providers, large utility service providers, and large to small energy producers.

During our 60 years in the engineering and consulting business, we have worked with such clients and on such well-known projects as (in alphabetical order):

Our current representative clients and project portfolio include (in alphabetical order):

Our History

On December 8, 2015, NV5 Holdings, Inc., the holding company, changed its name to NV5 Global, Inc. Also on December 8, 2015, NV5 Global, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the holding company, changed its name to NV5 Holdings, Inc.

NV5 Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as NV5 Global, Inc. and Vertical V, Inc.) (“NV5 Holdings”) was incorporated as a Delaware corporation in 2009.  NV5, Inc. (formerly known as Nolte Associates, Inc.) (“NV5”), which began operations in 1949, was incorporated as a California corporation in 1957, and was acquired by NV5 Holdings in 2010.  In March 2010, NV5 Holdings acquired the construction quality assurance operations of Bureau Veritas North America, Inc.  In October 2011, NV5 Holdings and NV5 completed a reorganization transaction in which NV5 Global, Inc. (formerly known as NV5 Holdings, Inc.) was incorporated as a Delaware corporation, acquired all of the outstanding shares of NV5 Holdings and NV5, and, as a result, became the holding company under which NV5, NV5 Holdings and the Company's other subsidiaries conduct business. In March 2013, NV5 Global completed its initial public offering. In 2014, NV5 Global acquired all the outstanding units in NV5, LLC, a North Carolina limited liability company (formerly known as AK Environmental, LLC) (“NV5, LLC”) which was originally incorporated as a New Jersey limited liability company in 2002 and reincorporated in North Carolina in 2013. In January 2015, NV5 Global acquired all the outstanding shares in Joslin Lesser Associates, Inc. (“JLA”) which was originally incorporated in Massachusetts in 1983. In April 2015, NV5 Global acquired all the outstanding shares of Richard J. Mendoza, Inc. (“Mendoza”) which was originally incorporated in California in 2001. In July 2015, NV5 Global acquired all the outstanding shares of The RBA Group, Inc., Engineers, Architects and Planners (“RBA”) which was originally incorporated in New Jersey in 1968. In February 2016, NV5 Global acquired all the outstanding shares of Sebesta, Inc. (“Sebesta”) which was originally incorporated in Minnesota in 1994.

Competitive Strengths

We believe we have the following competitive strengths:

Organizational structure that enhances client service. We operate our business using a flat vertical organization grouped by service offerings rather than the geography-based structure utilized by many of our competitors. This structure ensures that clients engaging our services in any given sector, regardless of the location of the project, have access to the services of our most highly qualified professionals. Our most skilled engineers and professionals in each service sector work directly with the clients engaging those services, which facilitates relationship-based interactions between our key employees and clients and assists in developing long-term client relationships. In addition, this structure encourages an entrepreneurial spirit among our professionals.

Expertise in local markets. To complement our vertical service model, we maintain 54 locations in the United States (“U.S.”). Each of our offices is staffed with licensed or certified professionals who understand the local and regional markets in which they serve. Our local professionals are allowed to concentrate entirely on their local market client engagements while being supported by our shared services platform, under which we perform various back office support functions on a centralized basis.

Strong, long-term client relationships. Our combination of local market experience and professionals with expertise in multiple vertical service sectors has enabled us to develop strong relationships with our core clients. Some of our professionals have worked with our key clients for decades, which include government transportation agencies, public utilities and local/state municipalities. By serving as a long-term partner with our clients, we are able to gain a deeper understanding of their overall business needs as well as the unique technical requirements of their projects.

Experienced, talented, and motivated employees. We employ licensed and experienced professionals with a broad array of specialties and a strong customer service orientation. Our people have an average of more than 20 years of operating and management experience in or supporting the engineering and consulting industry and in analyzing potential acquisition transactions. We place a high priority on attracting, motivating and retaining top professionals to serve our clients, and our compensation system emphasizes the use of performance-based incentives, including opportunities for stock ownership, to achieve this objective.

Industry-recognized quality of service. We believe that we have developed a strong reputation for quality service based upon our industry-recognized depth of experience, ability to attract and retain quality professionals, and expertise across multiple service sectors. During the past several years, we received many industry certificates, awards, and national rankings, including:

Growth Strategies

We intend to pursue the following growth strategies as we seek to expand our market share and position ourselves as a preferred, single-source provider of professional, engineering and technical consulting services to our clients:

Seek strategic acquisitions to enhance or expand our services offerings. We seek acquisitions that allow us to expand or enhance our capabilities in our existing service offerings. In analyzing new acquisitions, we pursue opportunities that provide critical mass in order to function as a profitable operation, to be complementary to our existing operations, and with strong potential for organic growth. We believe that expanding our business through strategic acquisitions will give us economies of scale in the areas of finance, human resources, marketing, administration, information technology, and legal, while also providing cross-selling opportunities among our service offerings. For information on our recent acquisitions, please refer to the “Recent Acquisitions” section included under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and such information is incorporated into this Item 1 by reference.

Continue to focus on public sector clients while building private sector client capabilities. We have historically derived the majority of our revenue from public and quasi-public sector clients. For the year ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, approximately 60%, 55% and 67%, respectively, of our gross revenues was attributable to public and quasi-public sector clients. During unsteady economic periods, we have focused on public sector business opportunities resulting from public agency outsourcing. We are also positioned to address the challenges presented by the nation’s aging infrastructure system, and the need to provide solutions for transportation, energy, water, and waste water requirements. However, we also seek to obtain additional clients in the private sector, which typically experiences greater growth during times of economic expansion, by networking, participating in certain organizations, and monitoring private project databases. We will continue to pursue private sector clients when such opportunities present themselves. We believe our ability to service the needs of both public and private sector clients gives us the flexibility to seek and obtain engagements regardless of the current economic conditions.

Strengthen and support our human capital. Our experienced employees and management team are our most valuable resources. Attracting, training, and retaining key personnel have been and will remain critical to our success. To achieve our human capital goals, we intend to remain focused on providing our personnel with entrepreneurial opportunities to increase client contact within their areas of expertise and to expand our business within our service offerings. We will also continue to provide our personnel with training, personal and professional growth opportunities, performance-based incentives, including opportunities for stock ownership, and other competitive benefits.

Reportable Segments

The Company's operations are organized into three reportable segments: (i) infrastructure, engineering and support services (INF); (ii) construction quality assurance (CQA) and (iii) program management services (PM). A description of our reportable segments is below:

Infrastructure, engineering and support services (INF): The Infrastructure reportable segment provides to clients a broad array of services in the area of engineering, design and support services including energy services.

Construction quality assurance (CQA): The CQA reportable segment provides construction inspection; geotechnical and engineering services; construction claims and litigation services; and environmental quality testing services.

Program management services (PM): The PM reportable segment provides program management for transportation and vertical construction projects including construction management.

For additional information regarding our reportable segments, see Note 16 - "Reportable Segments" of the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" included in Item 8.

Description of Services

Infrastructure, Engineering, and Support Services

We provide our clients with a broad array of services in the area of infrastructure, engineering, and support services. We possess the professional and technical expertise necessary to design and manage clients’ infrastructure projects from start to finish. This integrated approach provides our clients with consistency and accountability across the life of their projects and allows us to create value by maximizing efficiencies of scale.

The specific infrastructure, engineering, and support services we offer fall into three phases of project development:

Site selection. The site selection phase includes access assessment, parcel identification, easement descriptions, land use permitting, pipeline routing analysis, site constraints analysis, surveying and mapping, and regulatory compliance.

Design. The design phase includes architecture, engineering, planning, urban design, landscape architecture, mechanical electrical plumbing (“MEP”) design, road design, grading design, alignment design, laydown design, station pad design, storm drain design, storm water management, water supply engineering, site planning and profile drawings, and construction cost estimating.

Construction and program management. The construction and program management phase includes plan review, bid and award assessment, monitoring services for active construction sites, scheduling assistance, drawing review, permit, approval and review processing, contractor, designer and agency coordination, cost control management, progress payment management, change order administration, compliance inspections, and evaluation of cost reduction methods.

Our specialty areas within our infrastructure, engineering, and support service offering include:

Water resources. We assist our clients with a variety of projects related to water supply and distribution (such as designing water treatment plants and pilot testing), water treatment (including designing and implementing water reclamation, recycling, and reuse projects), and wastewater engineering (including wastewater facility master planning and treatment, designing and implementing collection, treatment and disposal systems, and water quality investigations).

Transportation. We provide our clients with services related to street and roadway construction (including alignment studies, roadway inspections, and traffic control planning), the construction of highways, bridges and tunnels, and the development of rail and light rail systems.

Structural engineering. From elaborate office and industrial facilities to major highway and railroad crossings to complex rail and light rail structures to a variety of water related facilities, our structural team provides design, inspection, rehabilitation, and seismic upgrade services that include structural analysis and design, plans, specifications and estimates, structural construction management, conceptual design studies, cost studies, seismic analysis, design and retrofit, structural evaluations, earthquake damage assessments, structural repair design, and regulatory agency permitting services.

Land development. We assist our clients with many of the front-end challenges associated with private and public land development, including planning, public outreach, sustainability, flood control, drainage, and landscaping.

Surveying. We are equipped to provide our clients with a full suite of traditional surveying techniques as well as cutting edge technology services, including high-definition surveying services using three-dimensional Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) point clouds. Our services can be used to determine current site condition, provide real-time infrastructure measuring and mapping, preserve historic sites, aide in forensic and accident investigations, determine volume calculations, and conduct surveys for project progress.

Commissioning. We provide our clients with a collaborative resource, ensuring that building owners and operators benefit from improved systems performance. Our proprietary Lifecycle Commissioning ® is a systematic, engineering-based process that optimizes building efficiency from initial project concept to decommissioning. In additional, we provide Retro-Commissioning on existing facilities not originally commissioned which can result in energy consumption savings from 5% to 20%.

Energy Performance. We assist building owners and operations in reducing both energy and operational costs. We help our clients to identify and implement energy performance strategies that improve operating efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which entails load shaping and efficiency, fuel switching, aggregation, cogeneration and other renewable energy alternatives. Our energy performance services include energy master planning, energy assessments, integrated management of energy supply and demand, renewable energy, smart grid systems, cogeneration, load response strategies/systems, energy modeling and energy star.

Power Delivery. Our power delivery services include substation physical and structural design, substation protection and control design, transmission line and civil engineering, and communications and automatic design. These services develop comprehensive plans that lead to lower operational costs and improved efficiency.

Other services. Through our Geographic Information System services, we can provide clients with other ancillary services that include infrastructure management, property management, asset inventory, landscape maintenance, web-based mapping services, land use analysis, terrain analysis and visualization, suitability and constraints analysis, hydrology analysis, biological, agricultural and cultural inventories, population and demographic analysis, shortest path analysis, street grid density, transportation accessibility analysis, watershed analysis, floodplain mapping, groundwater availability modeling, flood insurance study preparation, risk and HAZUS mitigation assessment and analysis, mapping, data tracking, and data hosting.

Construction Quality Assurance

We provide construction quality assurance services with respect to such diverse projects as professional sports stadiums, military facilities, cultural and performing arts centers, airports, hotels, hospitals and health care facilities, fire stations, major public and private universities, and K-12 school districts. We offer these services on an “a la carte” or integrated start-to-finish basis that is intended to guide a client through each phase of a construction project. Our construction quality assurance services generally include site inspections, audits, and evaluations of materials and workmanship necessary to determine and document the quality of the constructed facility. Before a project commences, we offer our clients a variety of assessment services, including environmental, geotechnical, and structural suitability. We perform these pre-construction evaluations in order to help detect any potential problems with the proposed site that could prevent or complicate the successful completion of the project. In addition, we evaluate the onsite building conditions and recommend the best methods and materials for site preparation, excavation, and building foundations.

During development, we assist our clients in designing a comprehensive construction plan, including a summary of planned construction activities, sequence, critical path elements, interrelationships, durations, and terminations. Construction planning services may also include developing procedures for project management, the change order process, and technical records handling methodology to be employed. We offer inspection services for each phase of a project, including excavation, foundations, structural framing, mechanical heating and air conditioning systems, electrical systems, underground utilities, and building water proofing systems. Where applicable, we employ additional methods to test materials and building quality. We maintain contact with our clients’ managers and, as issues are detected or anticipated, assist them in determining appropriate, cost-effective solutions. We periodically provide construction progress inspections and assessment reports. When a project is complete, we prepare an evaluation report of the project and certify the inspections for the client. After construction, we offer periodic building inspection services to ensure that the building is maintained in accordance with applicable building codes and other local ordinances to maximize the life of the project. We also offer indoor environmental quality testing during this period.

Our specialty areas within our construction quality assurance service offering include:

Construction materials testing and engineering services. We provide materials testing services related to concrete, steel, and other structural materials used in construction. We are equipped to provide these services in fabrication plants, in our laboratories, and at the project or construction site itself. Our field personnel work directly under the supervision of licensed engineers and maintain individual licenses and certifications in their respective areas of expertise. All of our in-house laboratories are inspected routinely by the Cement and Concrete Reference Laboratory (“CCRL”) of the National Institute of Standards and Measures. In addition, our laboratories participate in proficiency programs conducted by the CCRL and the American Association of State Highway & Transportation Officials.

Geotechnical engineering and consulting services. We provide a wide variety of geotechnical engineering and consulting services. These services assist our clients to determine whether sites are suitable for proposed projects and to design foundation plans that are compatible with project site and use conditions. We have experienced geotechnical engineers, geologists, and earth scientists focused on providing services primarily in the southeast, northeast, and western regions of the U.S.

Forensic consulting. In the event of damage to a structure by natural or man-made causes, our professional staff is qualified to provide forensic consulting and analysis as well as expert witness services. We provide a wide variety of forensic consulting services, including studies related to water intrusion, building code compliance, and claims involving insurance.

Program Management

We provide program management services, which primarily consist of providing a wide variety of governmental outsourcing services and consulting services that assist organizations in complying with technical government regulations and industry standards. We offer a broad array of technical outsourcing services, including traffic studies, building code plan review, code enforcement, permitting and inspections, and the administration of public works projects, building departments, and safety departments. Our program management service is a not at-risk service, is performed under a unit price fee arrangement and not outcome-based.

Program management also includes project administration, including bid and award assessment, monitoring services for active projects, scheduling assistance, drawing review, permit, approval and review processing, contractor, designer and agency coordination, cost control management, progress payment management, change order administration, compliance inspections, constructability review, as needed, and evaluation of cost reduction methods.

The trend towards increased privatization of U.S. federal, state, and local governmental services presents an opportunity for us in this service offering. Faced with increased budgetary constraints and economic challenges, many governmental agencies are now seeking to outsource various services, including the running of their building departments. For building departments specifically, we typically provide a turnkey solution in exchange for a percentage of the building permit fees collected or a minimum monthly retainer. The governmental agency retains any overage without any overhead costs associated with the fee charged. Outsourcing provides a positive source of revenue for us, while simultaneously increasing the efficiency and quality of service to the public. The governmental agency also gains flexibility to control service levels without the challenges of government bureaucracy. Although we plan to grow our program management services organically through the numerous contacts and client relationships we have with U.S. federal, state and local governments, tribal nations, and educational institutions, we are also actively pursuing acquisition opportunities that provide services in this sector.

Energy Services

Our energy services include the management of existing infrastructure assets as well as capital expenditure projects. Within energy services we provide inspection, program management and assistance in permitting in accordance with requirements of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. We also provide traditional engineering services for energy providers, including energy transmission and distribution; underground transmission and distribution; substation engineering; power generation facility design services and surveying. We assist major utilities and energy providers in assessing potential sites for a wide variety of new energy infrastructure projects, and operations and maintenance for existing energy infrastructure assets. Our services are provided to energy generation and transmission clients for various types of energy source producers (i.e., natural gas, oil, coal and renewables).

Environmental Services

Our environmental services include occupational health, safety and environmental consulting and testing, which consists of investigating and analyzing environmental conditions both outside and inside a building, recommending corrective measures and procedures needed to comply with work place occupational health and safety programs. Our occupational health and safety services include workplace safety audits, ergonomics studies, plans for emergency preparedness, and workplace monitoring in regulated industries. We assist our clients with compliance of regulatory requirements and industrial air and water quality standards. Our environmental services also include hydrogeological modeling and environmental programs that assist our public agencies and private industry clients with compliance of state, federal, and local requirements for groundwater resource assessments; water resource planning, monitoring and environmental management of wastewater facilities; solid waste landfill investigations; permitting and compliance; storm water pollution; environmental impact statement support; agricultural waste management and permitting; and wetland evaluations.

Strategic Acquisitions

We maintain a full-time merger and acquisitions (“M&A”) initiative with executive personnel specifically dedicated to identifying acquisition targets, exploring acquisition opportunities, negotiating terms, and overseeing the acquisition and post-acquisition integration. Since 1993 to the present, including prior-company employment, our M&A team has completed over 50 transactions in the engineering and consulting industry. Over the course of these transactions, our M&A team has established extensive relationships throughout the industry and continues to maintain an established pipeline of potential acquisition opportunities.

We seek acquisitions that allow us to expand or enhance our capabilities in our existing service offerings. In analyzing new acquisitions, we pursue opportunities that provide critical mass to function as a profitable stand-alone operation, are geographically situated to be complementary to our existing operations, and are profitable with strong potential for organic growth. Acquisition targets must include an experienced management team that is compatible with our culture and thoroughly committed to our strategic direction. We believe we add value to the operations of our acquisitions by providing superior corporate marketing and sales support, cash management, financial controls, information technology, risk management and human resources support through a performance optimization process. Our performance optimization process, which was developed by our executives through their extensive experience in acquiring and integrating these types of companies, entails a review of both back office and operational functions to, among other things, identify how to improve (i) inefficiencies related to the delivery of our services to customers, (ii) the performance of a new acquisition through the integration of personnel into our organization, (iii) the risk management of a new acquisition, (iv) the integration of technology and shared services platforms, and (v) cross-selling opportunities to create synergies with in our service offerings.

For more information on our recent acquisitions, please refer to the “Recent Acquisitions” section included under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Key Clients and Projects

We currently serve over approximately 1,800 different clients. Our ten largest clients accounted for approximately 36% of our gross revenues during the year ended December 31, 2015. Furthermore, we did not have any clients representing more than 10% of our gross revenues during 2015. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, two clients each accounted for more than 10% of our gross revenues. Although we serve a highly diverse client base, for the year ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 approximately 60%, 55% and 67%, respectively, of our gross revenues was attributable to public and quasi-public sector clients. In this regard, public sector clients include U.S. federal, state, and local government departments, agencies, systems, and authorities, including the U.S. Department of Defense, transportation agencies, educational systems, and public housing authorities, while quasi-public sector clients include utility service providers, energy producers, and healthcare providers. Of our private sector clients, our largest clients are contractors, construction engineering firms, and institutional property owners.

Although we anticipate public and quasi-public sector clients will represent the majority of our revenues for the foreseeable future, we intend to continue expanding our service offerings to private sector clients. Historically, public and quasi-public sector clients have demonstrated greater resilience during periods of economic downturns, while private sector clients have offered higher gross profit margin opportunities during periods of economic expansion.

Marketing and Sales

We strive to position ourselves as a preferred, single-source provider of professional and technical consulting and certification services to our clients. We obtain client engagements primarily through business development efforts, cross-selling of our services to existing clients, and maintaining client relationships, as well as referrals from existing and former clients.

Our business development efforts emphasize lead generation, industry group networking, and corporate visibility. Most of our business development efforts are led by members of our engineering and other professional teams, who are also responsible for managing projects. Our business development efforts are further supported by our shared services marketing group, which consists of a seasoned marketing team and marketing support personnel located at our corporate headquarters as well as our operating units.

As our service offerings become more expansive, we anticipate increasing our cross-selling opportunities. Currently, we are often able to offer our construction quality assurance services in conjunction with our infrastructure, engineering, and support services to the same clients.

In our experience, there has been a recent trend in the engineering and consulting industry in which client relationships have shifted away from project-specific engagements and toward long-term, multi-project relationships. This shift requires that service providers commit considerable resources toward maintaining client relationships, including dedicating both technical and marketing resources tailored to the specific client’s needs. We are committed to maintaining our client relationships by, among other things, remaining responsive to our clients’ needs and continuing to offer a broad range of quality service offerings and value added solutions.

Employees

As of December 31, 2015, we had 975 employees, including 786 full-time employees, which includes 205 licensed engineers and other professionals. We have been able to locate and engage highly qualified employees as needed and do not expect our growth efforts to be constrained by a lack of qualified personnel. We consider our employee relations to be good.

Backlog

As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately $155.3 million of gross revenue backlog expected to be recognized over the next 12 months, compared to gross revenue backlog of approximately $82.1 million as of December 31, 2014. We include in backlog only those contracts for which funding has been provided and work authorizations have been received. We cannot guarantee that the revenue projected in our backlog will be realized in its entirety or, if realized, will result in profits. In addition, project cancellations or scope adjustments may occur, from time to time, with respect to contracts reflected in our backlog. For example, certain of our contracts with the U.S. federal government and other clients are terminable at the discretion of the client, with or without cause. These types of backlog reductions could adversely affect our revenue and margins. Accordingly, our backlog as of any particular date is an uncertain indicator of our future earnings.

Most of our government contracts are multi-year contracts for which funding are appropriated on an annual basis. With respect to such government contracts, our backlog includes only those amounts that have been funded and authorized and does not reflect the full amounts we may receive over the term of such contracts. In the case of non-government contracts, our backlog includes future revenue at contract rates, excluding contract renewals or extensions that are at the discretion of the client. For contracts with a not-to-exceed maximum amount, we include revenue from such contracts in backlog to the extent of the remaining estimated amount. We calculate backlog without regard to possible project reductions or expansions or potential cancellations until such changes or cancellations occur.

Backlog is expressed in terms of gross revenue and, therefore, may include significant estimated amounts of third-party or pass-through costs to subcontractors and other parties. Moreover, our backlog for the period beyond 12 months may be subject to variations from year-to-year as existing contracts are completed, delayed, or renewed or new contracts are awarded, delayed, or cancelled. As a result, we believe that year-to-year comparisons of the portion of backlog expected to be performed more than one year in the future are difficult to assess and not necessarily indicative of future revenues or profitability. Because backlog is not a defined accounting term, our computation of backlog may not necessarily be comparable to that of our industry peers.

Competition

We believe that the engineering and consulting industry is highly fragmented, characterized by many small-scale companies that focus their operations on regional markets or specialized niche activities. As a result, we compete with a large number of regional, national, and global companies. Others are smaller, more specialized, and concentrate their resources in particular areas of expertise. The extent of our competition varies according to the particular markets and geographic area. The degree and type of competition we face is also influenced by the type and scope of a particular project.

We believe the providers of engineering and consulting services primarily compete on the quality of service, relevant experience, staffing capabilities, reputation, geographic presence, stability, and price. Price differentiation remains an important element in competitive tendering and is the most significant factor in bidding for public sector consultancy contracts. The importance of the foregoing factors varies widely based upon the nature, location, and size of the project. We believe that certain economies of scale can be realized by service providers that establish a national reputation for providing engineering and consulting services in all five of the service verticals in which we do business. Since the demand for engineering and consulting services within each service offering is viewed as only moderately correlated with the demand for services within the other service offerings, we are of the view that engineering and consulting firms can benefit considerably from diversified service offerings.

The number of competitors for any procurement can vary widely, depending upon technical qualifications, the relative value of the project, geographic location, the financial terms, the risks associated with the work, and any restrictions placed upon competition by the client. Our ability to compete successfully will depend upon the effectiveness of our marketing efforts, the strength of our client relationships, our ability to accurately estimate costs, the quality of the work we perform, our ability to hire and train qualified personnel, and our ability to obtain insurance.

We believe our principle publicly listed and private company competitors include the following firms (in alphabetical order): AECOM Technology Corporation (NYSE: ACM), AMEC plc (LSE: AMEC), Bureau Veritas (PAR: BVI), Hill International, Inc. (NYSE: HIL), Intertek Group plc (LSE:ITRK), Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. (NYSE: JEC), Kleinfelder & Associates, Professional Service Industries, Inc., Stantec Inc. (TSE: STN), Terracon Consultants, Inc., Tetra Tech, Inc. (NASDAQ: TTEK), TRC Companies, Inc. (NYSE: TRR), Willdan Group (NASDAQ: WLDN), and WS Atkins plc (LSE:ATK).

Seasonality

Due primarily to inclement weather conditions, which lead to project delays and slower completion of contracts, and a higher number of holidays, our operating results during the months of November, December, January, February and March are generally lower than our operating results during other months. As a result, our gross revenues and net income for the first and fourth quarters of a fiscal year may be lower than our results for the second and third quarters of a fiscal year.

Insurance and Risk Management

We maintain insurance covering professional liability and claims involving bodily injury, property and economic loss. We consider our present limits of coverage, deductibles, and reserves to be adequate. Whenever possible, we endeavor to eliminate or reduce the risk of loss on a project through the use of quality assurance and control, risk management, workplace safety, and other similar methods.

Risk management is an integral part of our project management approach for fixed-price contracts and our project execution process. We have a risk management process group that reviews and oversees the risk profile of our operations. We also evaluate risk through internal risk analyses in which our management reviews higher-risk projects, contracts, or other business decisions that require corporate legal and risk management approval.

Regulation

We are regulated in a number of fields in which we operate.  We contract with various U.S. governmental agencies and entities.  When working with U.S. governmental agencies and entities, we must comply with laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration, and performance of contracts.  These laws and regulations contain terms that, among other things:

Internationally, we are subject to various government laws and regulations (including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) and similar non-U.S. laws and regulations), local government regulations, procurement policies and practices, and varying currency, political, and economic risks.

To help ensure compliance with these laws and regulations, our employees are sometimes required to complete tailored ethics and other compliance training relevant to their position and our operations.

Available Information

Our Internet address is www.nv5.com. We make available at this address, free of charge, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. We also make available on our website, our corporate governance documents, including our code of conduct and ethics. In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we incorporate by reference as identified herein certain information from parts of our proxy statement for our 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which we will file with the SEC and will be available, free of charge, on our website. Reports of our executive officers, directors and any other persons required to file securities ownership reports under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act are also available through our website. Information contained on our website is not part of, or incorporated into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

You may also read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549.  You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.  The SEC also maintains an Internet website located at http://www.sec.gov that contains the information we file or furnish electronically with the SEC.

ITEM 1A.     RISK FACTORS.

We operate in a changing environment that involves numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our operations. The risks described below highlight some of the factors that have affected, and in the future could affect our operations and financial condition. Additional risks we do not yet know of or that we currently think are immaterial may also affect our business operations. If any of the events or circumstances described in the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

The loss of key personnel or our inability to attract and retain qualified personnel could significantly disrupt our business.

As a professional and technical engineering and consulting solutions provider, our business is labor intensive and, therefore, our ability to attract, retain, and expand our senior management, sales personnel, and professional and technical staff is an important factor in determining our future success. The market for qualified scientists, engineers, and sales personnel is competitive and we may not be able to attract and retain such professionals. It may also be difficult to attract and retain qualified individuals in the timeframe demanded by our clients. Furthermore, some of our government contracts may require us to employ only individuals who have particular government security clearance levels. Our failure to attract and retain key individuals could impair our ability to provide services to our clients and conduct our business effectively. The loss of the services of any key personnel could adversely affect our business. We do not maintain key-man life insurance policies on any of our executive officers.

We depend on the continued services of Mr. Dickerson Wright, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. We cannot assure you that we will be able to retain the services of Mr. Wright.

We are dependent upon the efforts and services of Mr. Dickerson Wright, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, because of his knowledge, experience, skills, and relationships with major clients and other members of our management team. The loss of the services of Mr. Wright for any reason could have an adverse effect on our operations.

Demand from our state and local government and private clients is cyclical and vulnerable to economic downturns. If the economy weakens or client spending declines further, then our revenue, profits, and financial condition may deteriorate.

Demand for services from our state and local government and private clients is cyclical and vulnerable to economic downturns, which may result in clients delaying, curtailing, or canceling proposed and existing projects. Our business traditionally lags the overall recovery in the economy. Therefore, our business may not recover immediately when the economy improves. If the economy remains weak or client spending declines further, then our revenue, profits, and overall financial condition may deteriorate. Our state and local government clients may face budget deficits that prohibit them from funding new or existing projects. In addition, our existing and potential clients may either postpone entering into new contracts or request price concessions. Difficult financing and economic conditions may cause some of our clients to demand better pricing terms or delay payments for services we perform, thereby increasing the average number of days our receivables are outstanding and the potential of increased credit losses on uncollectible invoices. Further, these conditions may result in the inability of some of our clients to pay us for services that we have already performed. If we are not able to reduce our costs quickly enough to respond to the revenue decline from these clients, our operating results may be adversely affected. Accordingly, these factors affect our ability to forecast our future revenue and earnings from business areas that may be adversely impacted by market conditions.

Our operating results may be adversely impacted by worldwide economic uncertainties and specific conditions in the markets we address.

Over the past several years, the general worldwide economy has experienced a downturn due, at various times, to the lack of available credit, slower economic activity, concerns about inflation and deflation, increased energy costs, decreased consumer confidence, reduced corporate profits and capital spending, and adverse business conditions. These conditions make it extremely difficult for our clients and vendors to accurately forecast future business activities, which could cause businesses to slow spending on services. Such conditions have also made it very difficult for us to predict the short-term and long-term impacts on our business. We cannot predict the timing, strength or duration of any economic slowdown or subsequent economic recovery worldwide or in our industry, and any such economic slowdown could have any adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our revenue, expenses, and operating results may fluctuate significantly.

Our revenue, expenses, and operating results may fluctuate significantly because of numerous factors, some of which may contribute to more pronounced fluctuations in an uncertain global economic environment. In addition to the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section, the following factors could cause our operating results to fluctuate:

As a consequence, operating results for a particular future period are difficult to predict and, therefore, prior results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in future periods. Any of the foregoing factors, or any other factors discussed elsewhere herein, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition that could adversely affect our stock price.

We derive a majority of our gross revenues from government agencies, and any disruption in government funding or in our relationship with those agencies could adversely affect our business.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, approximately 60% of our gross revenues was attributable to public and quasi-public sector clients. A significant amount of our revenues are derived under multi-year contracts, many of which are appropriated on an annual basis. As a result, at the beginning of a project, the related contract may be only partially funded, and additional funding is normally committed only as appropriations are made in each subsequent year. These appropriations, and the timing of payment of appropriated amounts, may be influenced by numerous factors as noted below. Our backlog includes only the projects that have had funding appropriated.

The demand for our government-related services is generally driven by the level of government program funding. Accordingly, the success and further development of our business depends, in large part, upon the continued funding of these government programs, and upon our ability to obtain contracts and perform well under these programs. There are several factors that could materially affect our government contracting business, including the following:

These and other factors could cause government agencies to delay or cancel programs, to reduce their orders under existing contracts, to exercise their rights to terminate contracts, or not to exercise contract options for renewals or extensions. Any of these actions could have a material adverse effect on our revenue or timing of contract payments from these agencies.

Each year, client funding for some of our government contracts may rely on government appropriations or public-supported financing. If adequate public funding is delayed or is not available, then our profits and revenue could decline.

Each year, client funding for some of our government contracts may directly or indirectly rely on government appropriations or public-supported financing such as the ARRA. It is possible that such appropriated funding will never be allocated to projects that represent opportunities for us to the extent that we anticipate, if at all. Legislatures may appropriate funds for a given project on a year-by-year basis, even though the project may take more than one year to perform. In addition, public-supported financing such as state and local municipal bonds may be only partially raised to support existing projects. Public funds and the timing of payment of these funds may be influenced by, among other things, the state of the economy, competing political priorities, curtailments in the use of government contracting firms, increases in raw material costs, delays associated with insufficient numbers of government staff to oversee contracts, budget constraints, the timing and amount of tax receipts, and the overall level of government expenditures. If adequate public funding is not available or is delayed, then our profits and revenue could decline.

A delay in the completion of the budget process of the U.S. government could delay procurement of our services and have an adverse effect on our future revenue.

When the U.S. government does not complete its budget process before its fiscal year-end on September 30 in any year, government operations are typically funded by means of a continuing resolution. Under a continuing resolution, the government essentially authorizes agencies of the U.S. government to continue to operate and fund programs at the prior year end but does not authorize new spending initiatives. When the U.S. government operates under a continuing resolution, government agencies may delay the procurement of services, which could reduce our future revenue.

California state budgetary constraints may have a material adverse impact on us.

The state of California had experienced, and may continue to experience, budget shortfalls and other related budgetary issues and constraints. The state of California has historically been and is considered to be a key geographic region for our business, as approximately 42%, 45% and 65% of our gross revenues for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, came from California-based projects. Ongoing uncertainty as to the timing and accessibility of budgetary funding, changes in state funding allocations to local agencies and municipalities, or other delays in purchasing for, or commencement of, projects may have a negative impact on our gross revenues and net income.

Governmental agencies may modify, curtail, or terminate our contracts at any time prior to their completion and, if we do not replace them, we may suffer a decline in revenue.

Most government contracts may be modified, curtailed, or terminated by the government either at its discretion or upon the default of the contractor. If the government terminates a contract at its discretion, then we typically are able to recover only costs incurred or committed, settlement expenses, and profit on work completed prior to termination, which could prevent us from recognizing all of our potential revenue and profits from that contract. In addition, the U.S. government has announced its intention to scale back outsourcing of services in favor of “insourcing” jobs to its employees, which could reduce the number of contracts awarded to us. The adoption of similar practices by other government entities could also adversely affect our revenues. If a government terminates a contract due to our default, we could be liable for excess costs incurred by the government in obtaining services from another source.

Our failure to win new contracts and renew existing contracts with private and public sector clients could adversely affect our profitability.

Our business depends on our ability to win new contracts and renew existing contracts with private and public sector clients. Contract proposals and negotiations are complex and frequently involve a lengthy bidding and selection process, which is affected by a number of factors. These factors include market conditions, financing arrangements, and required governmental approvals. For example, a client may require us to provide a bond or letter of credit to protect the client should we fail to perform under the terms of the contract. If negative market conditions arise, or if we fail to secure adequate financial arrangements or the required government approval, we may not be able to pursue particular projects, which could adversely affect our profitability.

Our inability to win or renew government contracts during regulated procurement processes or preferences granted to certain bidders for which we would not qualify could harm our operations and significantly reduce or eliminate our profits.

Government contracts are awarded through a regulated procurement process. The U.S. federal government has increasingly relied upon multi-year contracts with pre-established terms and conditions, such as indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity (“IDIQ”) contracts, which generally require those contractors who have previously been awarded the IDIQ to engage in an additional competitive bidding process before a task order is issued. The increased competition, in turn, may require us to make sustained efforts to reduce costs in order to realize revenue and profits under government contracts. If we are not successful in reducing the amount of costs we incur, our profitability on government contracts will be negatively impacted. The U.S. federal government has also increased its use of IDIQs in which the client qualifies multiple contractors for a specific program and then awards specific task orders or projects among the qualified contractors. As a result, new work awards tend to be smaller and of shorter duration, since the orders represent individual tasks rather than large, programmatic assignments. In addition, the U.S. government has announced its intention to scale back outsourcing of services in favor of “insourcing” jobs to its employees, which could reduce our revenue. Moreover, even if we are qualified to work on a government contract, we may not be awarded the contract because of existing government policies designed to protect small businesses and underrepresented minority contractors, which would not apply to us. The federal government has announced specific statutory goals regarding awarding prime and subcontracts to small businesses, women-owned small businesses, and small disadvantaged businesses, with the result that we may be obligated to involve such businesses as subcontractors with respect to these contracts at lower margins than when we use our own professionals. While we are unaware of any reason why our status as a public company would negatively impact our ability to compete for and be awarded government contracts, our inability to win or renew government contracts during regulated procurement processes or as a result of the policies pursuant to which these processes are implemented could harm our operations and significantly reduce or eliminate our profits.

If we fail to complete a project in a timely manner, miss a required performance standard, or otherwise fail to adequately perform on a project, then we may incur a loss on that project, which may reduce or eliminate our overall profitability.

Our engagements often involve large-scale, complex projects. The quality of our performance on such projects depends in large part upon our ability to manage the relationship with our clients and our ability to effectively manage the project and deploy appropriate resources, including third-party contractors and our own personnel, in a timely manner. We may commit to a client that we will complete a project by a scheduled date. We may also commit that a project, when completed, will achieve specified performance standards. If the project is not completed by the scheduled date or fails to meet required performance standards, we may either incur significant additional costs or be held responsible for the costs incurred by the client to rectify damages due to late completion or failure to achieve the required performance standards. The uncertainty of the timing of a project can present difficulties in planning the amount of personnel needed for the project. If the project is delayed or canceled, we may bear the cost of an underutilized workforce that was dedicated to fulfilling the project. In addition, performance of projects can be affected by a number of factors beyond our control, including unavoidable delays from government inaction, public opposition, inability to obtain financing, weather conditions, unavailability of vendor materials, changes in the project scope of services requested by our clients, industrial accidents, environmental hazards, labor disruptions, and other factors. To the extent these events occur, the total costs of the project could exceed our estimates and we could experience reduced profits or, in some cases, incur a loss on a project, which may reduce or eliminate our overall profitability. Further, any defects or errors, or failures to meet our clients’ expectations, could result in claims for damages against us. Our contracts generally limit our liability for damages that arise from negligent acts, errors, mistakes, or omissions in rendering services to our clients. However, we cannot be sure that these contractual provisions will protect us from liability for damages in the event we are sued.

We depend on a limited number of clients for a significant portion of our business.

Our ten largest clients accounted for approximately 36% of our gross revenues during the year ended December 31, 2015. Furthermore, we did not have any clients representing more than 10% of our gross revenues during 2015. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, two clients each accounted for more than 10% of our gross revenues. The loss of, or reduction in orders from, these clients could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We have made and expect to continue to make acquisitions that could disrupt our operations and adversely impact our business and operating results. Our inability to successfully integrate acquisitions could impede us from realizing all of the benefits of the acquisitions, which could weaken our results of operations.

A key part of our growth strategy is to acquire other companies that complement our service offerings or broaden our technical capabilities and geographic presence. Acquisitions involve certain known and unknown risks that could cause our actual growth or operating results to differ from our expectations or the expectations of securities analysts. For example:

In addition, our acquisition strategy may divert management’s attention away from our existing businesses, resulting in the loss of key clients or key employees, and expose us to unanticipated problems or legal liabilities, including responsibility as a successor-in-interest for undisclosed or contingent liabilities of acquired businesses or assets.

If we are not able to integrate acquired businesses successfully, our business could be harmed.

Our inability to successfully integrate future acquisitions could impede us from realizing all of the benefits of those acquisitions and could severely weaken our business operations. The integration process may disrupt our business and, if implemented ineffectively, may preclude realization of the full benefits expected by us and could harm our results of operations. In addition, the overall integration of the combining companies may result in unanticipated problems, expenses, liabilities, and competitive responses, and may cause our stock price to decline.

The difficulties of integrating an acquisition include, among others:

In addition, even if the operations of an acquisition are integrated successfully, we may not realize the full benefits of the acquisition, including the synergies, cost savings, or growth opportunities that we expect. These benefits may not be achieved within the anticipated time frame, or at all.

Further, acquisitions may also cause us to:

Finally, acquired companies that derive a significant portion of their revenue from the U.S. federal government and that do not follow the same cost accounting policies and billing practices that we follow may be subject to larger cost disallowances for greater periods than we typically encounter. If we fail to determine the existence of unallowable costs and do not establish appropriate reserves in advance of an acquisition, we may be exposed to material unanticipated liabilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

If we are not able to successfully manage our growth strategy, our business and results of operations may be adversely affected.

Our expected future growth presents numerous managerial, administrative, operational, and other challenges. Our ability to manage the growth of our operations will require us to continue to improve our management information systems and our other internal systems and controls. In addition, our growth will increase our need to attract, develop, motivate, and retain both our management and professional employees. The inability of our management to effectively manage our growth or the inability of our employees to achieve anticipated performance could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our ability to raise capital in the future may be limited, and our failure to raise capital when needed could prevent us from achieving our growth objectives.

We may in the future be required to raise capital through public or private financing or other arrangements. Such financing may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all, and our failure to raise capital when needed could harm our business. Additional equity financing may dilute the interests of our stockholders, and debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants and could reduce our profitability. If we cannot raise funds on acceptable terms, we may not be able to grow our business or respond to competitive pressures.

Our industry is highly competitive, and we may not be able to compete effectively with competitors.

Our industry is highly fragmented and intensely competitive. Our competitors are numerous, ranging from small private firms to multi-billion dollar public companies. Contract awards are based primarily on quality of service, relevant experience, staffing capabilities, reputation, geographic presence, stability, and price. In addition, the technical and professional aspects of our services generally do not require large upfront capital expenditures and provide limited barriers against new competitors. Many of our competitors have achieved greater market penetration in some of the markets in which we compete and have more personnel, technical, marketing, and financial resources or financial flexibility than we do. As a result of the number of competitors in the industry, our clients may select one of our competitors on a project due to competitive pricing or a specific skill set. These competitive forces could force us to make price concessions or otherwise reduce prices for our services. If we are unable to maintain our competitiveness, our market share, revenue, and profits could decline.

Our business and operating results could be adversely affected by losses under fixed-price contracts.

Fixed-price contracts require us to either perform all work under the contract for a specified lump sum or to perform an estimated number of units of work at an agreed price per unit, with the total payment determined by the actual number of units performed. For the years ended December 31, 2015, approximately 7% of our revenue was recognized under fixed-price contracts. Fixed-price contracts expose us to a number of risks not inherent in cost-plus and time and material contracts, including underestimation of costs, ambiguities in specifications, unforeseen costs or difficulties, problems with new technologies, delays beyond our control, failures of subcontractors to perform, and economic or other changes that may occur during the contract period. Losses under fixed-price contracts could be substantial and adversely impact our results of operations.

If our clients delay in paying or fail to pay amounts owed to us, it could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, results of operations, and financial condition.

Accounts receivable represent the largest asset on our balance sheet. While we take steps to evaluate and manage the credit risks relating to our clients, economic downturns or other events can adversely affect the markets we serve and our clients ability to pay, which could reduce our ability to collect all amounts due from clients. If our clients delay in paying or fail to pay us a significant amount of our outstanding receivables, it could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, results of operations, and financial condition.

If we extend a significant portion of our credit to clients in a specific geographic area or industry, we may experience disproportionately high levels of collection risk and nonpayment if those clients are adversely affected by factors particular to their geographic area or industry.

Our clients include public and private entities that have been, and may continue to be, negatively impacted by the changing landscape in the global economy. We face collection risk as a normal part of our business where we perform services and subsequently bill our clients for such services. Our ten largest clients accounted for approximately 36% of our gross revenues during the year ended December 31, 2015. Furthermore, we did not have any clients representing more than 10% of our gross revenues during 2015. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, two clients each accounted for more than 10% of our gross revenues. In the event that we have concentrated credit risk from clients in a specific geographic area or industry, continuing negative trends or a worsening in the financial condition of that specific geographic area or industry could make us susceptible to disproportionately high levels of default by those clients. Such defaults could materially adversely impact our ability to collect our receivables and, ultimately, our revenues and results of operations.

As a government contractor, we must comply with various procurement laws and regulations and are subject to regular government audits. A violation of any of these laws and regulations or the failure to pass a government audit could result in sanctions, contract termination, forfeiture of profit, harm to our reputation or loss of our status as an eligible government contractor and could reduce our profits and revenue.

We must comply with and are affected by U.S. federal, state, local, and foreign laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration, and performance of government contracts. For example, we must comply with defective-pricing clauses found within the Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”), the Truth in Negotiations Act, Cost Accounting Standards (“CAS”), the ARRA, the Services Contract Act, and the U.S. Department of Defense security regulations, as well as many other rules and regulations. In addition, we must also comply with other government regulations related to employment practices, environmental protection, health and safety, tax, accounting, and anti-fraud measures, as well as many others regulations in order to maintain our government contractor status. These laws and regulations affect how we do business with our clients and, in some instances, impose additional costs on our business operations. Although we take precautions to prevent and deter fraud, misconduct, and non-compliance, we face the risk that our employees or outside partners may engage in misconduct, fraud, or other improper activities. Government agencies routinely audit and investigate government contractors. These government agencies review and audit a government contractor’s performance under its contracts and cost structure and evaluate compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and standards. In addition, during the course of its audits, such agencies may question our incurred project costs. If such agencies believe we have accounted for such costs in a manner inconsistent with the requirements for FAR or CAS, the agency auditor may recommend to our U.S. government corporate administrative contracting officer that it disallow such costs. Historically, we have not experienced significant disallowed costs as a result of government audits. However, we can provide no assurance that such government audits will not result in a material disallowance for incurred costs in the future. In addition, government contracts are subject to a variety of other requirements relating to the formation, administration, performance and accounting for these contracts. We may also be subject to qui tam litigation brought by private individuals on behalf of the government under the Federal Civil False Claims Act, which could include claims for treble damages. Government contract violations could result in the imposition of civil and criminal penalties or sanctions, contract termination, forfeiture of profit, or suspension of payment, any of which could make us lose our status as an eligible government contractor. We could also suffer serious harm to our reputation. Any interruption or termination of our government contractor status could reduce our profits and revenue significantly.

State and other public employee unions may bring litigation that seeks to limit the ability of public agencies to contract with private firms to perform government employee functions in the area of public improvements. Judicial determinations in favor of these unions could affect our ability to compete for contracts and may have an adverse effect on our revenue and profitability.

Over at least the last 20 years, state and other public employee unions have challenged the validity of propositions, legislation, charters, and other government regulations that allow public agencies to contract with private firms to provide services in the fields of engineering, design, and construction of public improvements that might otherwise be provided by public employees. These challenges could have the effect of eliminating or severely restricting the ability of municipalities to hire private firms for the purpose of designing and constructing public improvements, and otherwise require them to use union employees to perform the services. If a state or other public employee union is successful in its challenge and as a result the ability of state agencies to hire private firms is severely limited, such a decision would likely lead to additional litigation challenging the ability of the state, counties, municipalities, and other public agencies to hire private engineering, architectural, and other firms, the outcome of which could affect our ability to compete for contracts and may have an adverse effect on our revenue and profitability.

Our use of the percentage-of-completion method of revenue recognition could result in a reduction or reversal of previously recorded revenue and profits.

We account for some of our contracts on the percentage-of-completion method of revenue recognition. These contracts accounted for approximately 7% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2015. Generally, our use of this method results in recognition of revenue and profit ratably over the life of the contract based on the proportion of costs incurred to date to total costs expected to be incurred for the entire project. The effects of revisions to revenue and estimated costs, including the achievement of award fees as well as the impact of change orders and claims, are recorded when the amounts are known and can be reasonably estimated. Such revisions could occur in any period and their effects could be material. Although we have historically made reasonably reliable estimates of the progress towards completion of long-term contracts, the uncertainties inherent in the estimating process make it possible for actual costs to vary materially from estimates, including reductions or reversals of previously recorded revenue and profit.

Our actual business and financial results could differ from the estimates and assumptions that we use to prepare our financial statements, which may significantly reduce or eliminate our profits.

To prepare financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“GAAP”), management is required to make estimates and assumptions as of the date of the financial statements. These estimates and assumptions could affect the reported values of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses as well as disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. For example, we recognize a portion of revenue over the life of a contract based on the proportion of costs incurred to date compared to the total costs estimated to be incurred for the entire project. Areas requiring significant estimates by our management include:

Our actual business and financial results could differ from those estimates, which may significantly reduce or eliminate our profits.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud. As a result, current and potential stockholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which would harm our business and the trading price of our securities.

Management continues to review and assess our internal controls to ensure we have adequate internal financial and accounting controls. Failure to maintain new or improved controls, or any difficulties we encounter in their implementation, could result in material weaknesses, and cause us to fail to meet our periodic reporting obligations or result in material misstatements in our financial statements. Any such failure could also adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations (and, once we no longer qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”), annual audit attestation reports) regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that will be required under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) with respect to annual reports that we will file as a public company. The existence of a material weakness could result in errors in our financial statements that could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, leading to a decline in our stock price.

For so long as we qualify as an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act, which may be up to five years following our initial public offering, we intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404. Once we are no longer an emerging growth company or, if prior to such date, we opt to no longer take advantage of the applicable exemption, we will be required to include an opinion from our independent registered public accounting firm on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting.

Our profitability could suffer if we are not able to maintain adequate utilization of our workforce.

The cost of providing our services, including the extent to which we utilize our workforce, affects our profitability. The rate at which we utilize our workforce is affected by a number of factors, including:

If we over utilize our workforce, our employees may become disengaged, which will impact employee attrition. If we under-utilize our workforce, our profit margin and profitability could suffer.

Our backlog is subject to cancellation and unexpected adjustments, and is an uncertain indicator of future operating results.

As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately $155.3 million of gross revenue backlog expected to be recognized over the next 12 months. We include in backlog only those contracts for which funding has been provided and work authorizations have been received. We cannot guarantee that the revenue projected in our backlog will be realized or, if realized, will result in profits. In addition, project cancellations or scope adjustments may occur, from time to time, with respect to contracts reflected in our backlog. For example, certain of our contracts with the U.S. federal government and other clients are terminable at the discretion of the client, with or without cause. These types of backlog reductions could adversely affect our revenue and margins. Accordingly, our backlog as of any particular date is an uncertain indicator of our future earnings.

Employee, agent or partner misconduct or our overall failure to comply with laws or regulations could harm our reputation, reduce our revenue and profits, and subject us to criminal and civil enforcement actions.

Misconduct, fraud, non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations, or other improper activities by one of our employees, agents, or partners could have a significant negative impact on our business and reputation. Such misconduct could include the failure to comply with government procurement regulations, regulations regarding the protection of classified information, regulations prohibiting bribery and other foreign corrupt practices, regulations regarding the pricing of labor and other costs in government contracts, regulations on lobbying or similar activities, regulations pertaining to the internal controls over financial reporting, environmental laws, and any other applicable laws or regulations. For example, the FCPA, and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to non-U.S. officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Our policies mandate compliance with these regulations and laws, and we take precautions to prevent and detect misconduct. However, since our internal controls are subject to inherent limitations, including human error, it is possible that these controls could be intentionally circumvented or become inadequate because of changed conditions. As a result, we cannot assure that our controls will protect us from reckless or criminal acts committed by our employees and agents. Our failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations or acts of misconduct could subject us to fines and penalties, loss of security clearances, and suspension or debarment from contracting, any or all of which could harm our reputation, reduce our revenue and profits, and subject us to criminal and civil enforcement actions. Historically, we have not had any material cases involving misconduct or fraud.

If our contractors and subcontractors fail to satisfy their obligations to us or other parties, or if we are unable to maintain these relationships, our revenue, profitability, and growth prospects could be adversely affected.

We depend on contractors and subcontractors in conducting our business. There is a risk that we may have disputes with our subcontractors arising from, among other things, the quality and timeliness of work performed by the subcontractor, client concerns about the subcontractor, or our failure to extend existing task orders or issue new task orders under a subcontract. In addition, if any of our subcontractors fail to deliver on a timely basis the agreed-upon supplies, fail to perform the agreed-upon services, go out of business, or fail to perform on a project, then our ability to fulfill our obligations as a prime contractor may be jeopardized and we may be contractually responsible for the work performed by those contractors or subcontractors. The absence of qualified subcontractors with which we have a satisfactory relationship could adversely affect the quality of our service and our ability to perform under some of our contracts. Historically, our relationship with our contractors and subcontractors has been good, and we have not experienced any material failure of performance by our contractors and subcontractors. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the utilization of contractors or subcontractors generated approximately 14% of our gross revenues.

We also rely on relationships with other contractors when we act as their subcontractor or joint venture partner. Our future revenue and growth prospects could be adversely affected if other contractors eliminate or reduce their subcontracts or teaming arrangement relationships with us or if a government agency terminates or reduces these other contractors’ programs, does not award them new contracts, or refuses to pay under a contract.

Changes in resource management or infrastructure industry laws, regulations, and programs could directly or indirectly reduce the demand for our services which could in turn negatively impact our revenue.

Some of our services are directly or indirectly impacted by changes in U.S. federal, state, local, or foreign laws and regulations pertaining to resource management, infrastructure, and the environment. Accordingly, a relaxation or repeal of these laws and regulations, or changes in governmental policies regarding the funding, implementation, or enforcement of these programs, could result in a decline in demand for our services, which could in turn negatively impact our revenue.

Legal proceedings, investigations, and disputes, including those assumed in acquisitions of other businesses for which we may not be indemnified, could result in substantial monetary penalties and damages, especially if such penalties and damages exceed or are excluded from existing insurance coverage.

We engage in professional and technical consulting and certification services that can result in substantial injury or damages that may expose us to legal proceedings, investigations, and disputes. For example, in the ordinary course of our business, we may be involved in legal disputes regarding personal injury claims, employee or labor disputes, professional liability claims, and general commercial disputes involving project cost overruns and liquidated damages as well as other claims. In addition, in the ordinary course of our business, we frequently make professional judgments and recommendations about environmental and engineering conditions of project sites for our clients. We may be deemed to be responsible for these judgments and recommendations if they are later determined to be inaccurate. Any unfavorable legal ruling against us could result in substantial monetary damages or even criminal violations.

In this regard, the agreement pursuant to which we acquired NV5, Inc. (formerly known as Nolte Associates, Inc.) did not include representations and warranties regarding the business being acquired or any indemnification provisions or other assurances from the seller regarding Nolte. In the event any unforeseen matters arise, whether regarding the permits and authorizations required to run the Nolte business, filing of tax returns and payment of associated taxes, or the existence or extent of any contingent liabilities of the Nolte business (including third-party claims to which Nolte may be subject in the future including regarding professional liability for work performed prior to our acquisition of Nolte), we would be materially adversely affected if we were required to pay damages or incur defense costs in connection with a claim for which no such indemnity has been provided. The Company is currently under examination by the California Franchise Tax Board (“CFTB”) about certain research and development tax credits generated and included on the tax returns of an acquired company for the years 2005 to 2009. Fiscal years 2005 through 2015 are considered open tax years in the State of California and 2012 through 2015 in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and other state jurisdictions. At December 31, 2015, the Company had $570,000 of unrecognized tax benefits.

We maintain insurance coverage as part of our overall legal and risk management strategy to minimize our potential liabilities; however, insurance coverage contains exclusions and other limitations that may not cover our potential liabilities. Generally, our insurance program covers workers’ compensation and employer’s liability, general liability, automobile liability, professional errors and omissions liability, property, and contractor’s pollution liability (in addition to other policies for specific projects). Our insurance program includes deductibles or self-insured retentions for each covered claim. In addition, our insurance policies contain exclusions that insurance providers may use to deny or restrict coverage. Specialty liability and professional liability insurance policies provide for coverages on a “claims-made” basis, covering only claims actually made and reported during the policy period currently in effect. If we sustain liabilities that exceed or that are excluded from our insurance coverage or for which we are not insured, it could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition, including our profits and revenue.

Unavailability or cancellation of third-party insurance coverage would increase our overall risk exposure as well as disrupt the management of our business operations.

We maintain insurance coverage from third-party insurers as part of our overall risk management strategy and some of our contracts require us to maintain specific insurance coverage limits. If any of our third-party insurers fail, suddenly cancel our coverage, or otherwise are unable to provide us with adequate insurance coverage, then our overall risk exposure and our operational expenses would increase and the management of our business operations would be disrupted. In addition, there can be no assurance that any of our existing insurance coverage will be renewable upon the expiration of the coverage period or that future coverage will be affordable at the required limits.

Our failure to implement and comply with our safety program could adversely affect our operating results or financial condition.

Our safety program is a fundamental element of our overall approach to risk management, and the implementation of the safety program is a significant issue in our dealings with our clients. We maintain an enterprise-wide group of health and safety professionals to help ensure that the services we provide are delivered safely and in accordance with standard work processes. Unsafe job sites and office environments have the potential to increase employee turnover, increase the cost of a project to our clients, expose us to types and levels of risk that are fundamentally unacceptable, and raise our operating costs. The implementation of our safety processes and procedures are monitored by various agencies and rating bureaus, and may be evaluated by certain clients in cases in which safety requirements have been established in our contracts. If we fail to meet these requirements or do not properly implement and comply with our safety program, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, or financial condition.

We may be subject to liabilities under environmental laws and regulations, including liabilities assumed in acquisitions for which we may not be indemnified.

We must comply with a number of laws that strictly regulate the handling, removal, treatment, transportation and disposal of toxic and hazardous substances. Under the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended (“CERCLA”), and comparable state laws, we may be required to investigate and remediate regulated hazardous materials. CERCLA and comparable state laws typically impose strict joint and several liabilities without regard to whether a company knew of or caused the release of hazardous substances. The liability for the entire cost of clean-up could be imposed upon any responsible party. Other principal federal environmental, health, and safety laws affecting us include, among others, the Resource Conversation and Recovery Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Clean Air Act, the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, and the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act. Our business operations may also be subject to similar state and international laws relating to environmental protection. Liabilities related to environmental contamination or human exposure to hazardous substances, or a failure to comply with applicable regulations, could result in substantial costs to us, including clean-up costs, fines and civil or criminal sanctions, third-party claims for property damage or personal injury, or cessation of remediation activities. Our continuing work in the areas governed by these laws and regulations exposes us to the risk of substantial liability.

Weather conditions and seasonal revenue fluctuations could have an adverse impact on our results of operations.

Due primarily to inclement weather conditions, which lead to project delays and slower completion of contracts, and a higher number of holidays, our operating results during December, January, February and March are generally lower in comparison to other months. As a result, our revenue and net income for the first and fourth quarters of a fiscal year may be lower than our results for the second and third quarters of a fiscal year. If we were to experience lower-than-expected revenue during any such periods, our expenses may not be offset, which could have an adverse impact on our results of operations.

Catastrophic events may disrupt our business.

Force majeure or extraordinary events beyond the control of the contracting parties, such as natural and man-made disasters as well as terrorist actions, could negatively impact the economies in which we operate by causing the closure of offices, interrupting projects, and forcing the relocation of employees. We typically remain obligated to perform our services after a terrorist action or natural disaster unless the contract contains a force majeure clause that relieves us of our contractual obligations in such an extraordinary event. If we are not able to react quickly to force majeure, our operations may be affected significantly, which would have a negative impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Further, we rely on our network and third-party infrastructure and enterprise applications, internal technology systems, and our website for our development, marketing, operational, support, hosted services, and sales activities. Despite our implementation of network security measures, we are vulnerable to disruption, infiltration, or failure of these systems or third-party hosted services in the event of a major earthquake, fire, power loss, telecommunications failure, cyber-attack, war, terrorist attack, or other catastrophic event could cause system interruptions, reputational harm, loss of intellectual property, lengthy interruptions in our services, breaches of data security, and loss of critical data and could harm our future operating results.

We are highly dependent on information and communications systems. System failures, security breaches or cyber-attacks of networks or systems could significantly disrupt our business and operations and negatively affect the market price of our common stock.

Our business is highly dependent on communications and information systems. These systems are primarily operated by third-parties and, as a result, we have limited ability to ensure their continued operation. In the event of systems failure or interruption, we will have limited ability to affect the timing and success of systems restoration. Any failure or interruption of our systems could cause delays or other problems in the delivery of our services, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and negatively affect the market price of our common stock.

We rely on information technology systems, networks and infrastructure in managing our day-to-day operations. Despite cyber-security measures already in place, our information technology systems, networks and infrastructure may be vulnerable to deliberate attacks or unintentional events that could interrupt or interfere with their functionality or the confidentiality of our information. Our inability to effectively utilize our information technology systems, networks and infrastructure, and protect our information could adversely affect our business.

We have only a limited ability to protect our intellectual property rights, and our failure to protect our intellectual property rights could adversely affect our competitive position.

Our success depends, in part, upon our ability to protect our proprietary information and other intellectual property. We rely principally on trade secrets to protect much of our intellectual property where we do not believe that patent or copyright protection is appropriate or obtainable. However, trade secrets are difficult to protect. Although our employees are subject to confidentiality obligations, this protection may be inadequate to deter or prevent misappropriation of our confidential information. In addition, we may be unable to detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property or otherwise take appropriate steps to enforce our rights. Failure to obtain or maintain trade secret protection would adversely affect our competitive business position. In addition, if we are unable to prevent third parties from infringing or misappropriating our trademarks or other proprietary information, our competitive position could be adversely affected.

We rely on third-party internal and outsourced software to run our critical accounting, project management, and financial information systems. As a result, any sudden loss, disruption, or unexpected costs to maintain these systems could significantly increase our operational expense and disrupt the management of our business operations.

We rely on third-party software to run our critical accounting, project management, and financial information systems. We also depend on our software vendors to provide long-term software maintenance support for our information systems. Software vendors may decide to discontinue further development, integration, or long-term software maintenance support for our information systems, in which case we may need to abandon one or more of our current information systems and migrate some or all of our accounting, project management, and financial information to other systems, thus increasing our operational expense as well as disrupting the management of our business operations.

Our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer owns a large percentage of our voting stock, which may allow him to have a significant influence on all matters requiring stockholder approval.

Mr. Dickerson Wright, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, beneficially owned 2,194,953 shares, or approximately 27% of our common stock on a fully diluted basis as of March 7, 2016. Accordingly, Mr. Wright has the power to significantly influence the outcome of important corporate decisions or matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders, including decisions regarding mergers, going private transactions, and other extraordinary transactions, and to significantly influence the terms of any of these transactions. Although Mr. Wright owes our stockholders certain fiduciary duties as a director and an executive officer, Mr. Wright could take actions to address his own interests, which may be different from those of our other stockholders.

As an emerging growth company within the meaning of the Securities Act, we will utilize certain modified disclosure requirements, and we cannot be certain whether these reduced requirements will make our securities less attractive to investors.

We are an emerging growth company within the meaning of the rules under the Securities Act. We plan in current and future filings with the SEC to utilize, the modified disclosure requirements available to emerging growth companies, including reduced disclosure about our executive compensation and omission of compensation discussion and analysis, and an exemption from the requirement of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation. In addition, we will not be subject to certain requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, including the additional testing of our internal control over financial reporting as may occur when outside auditors attest as to our internal control over financial reporting. For example, we will not have to provide an auditor’s attestation report on our internal controls in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, or in future annual reports on Form 10-K as otherwise required by Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As a result, our stockholders may not have access to certain information they may deem important.

We could remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years, or until the earliest of (i) the last day of the first fiscal year in which our annual gross revenue exceed $1 billion, (ii) the date that we become a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, or (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt during the preceding three-year period.

We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company, and the requirements of being a public company may divert management’s attention from our business.

As a result of our initial public offering, we became a public company and our securities are listed on NASDAQ. As such, we are required to comply with laws, regulations, and requirements that we did not need to comply with as a private company, including certain provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related SEC regulations, as well as the requirements of NASDAQ. Compliance with the requirements of being a public company have required us to increase our operating expenses in order to pay our employees, legal counsel, and accountants to assist us in, among other things, external reporting, instituting and monitoring a more comprehensive compliance and board governance function, establishing and maintaining internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and preparing and distributing periodic public reports in compliance with our obligations under the federal securities laws. In addition, in connection with Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, management was required to deliver a report that assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting beginning with the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. However, in connection with Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, our auditors are not required to attest to our internal controls over financial reporting until we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company under the JOBS Act. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, significant resources and management oversight will be required. As a result, our management’s attention might be diverted from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, and results of operations. Furthermore, we might not be able to retain our independent directors or attract new independent directors for our committees.

Provisions in our charter documents and the Delaware General Corporation Law could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us and could discourage a takeover and adversely affect existing stockholders.

Anti-takeover provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, and in the Delaware General Corporation Law, could diminish the opportunity for stockholders to participate in acquisition proposals at a price above the then-current market price of our common stock. For example, while we have no present plans to issue any preferred stock, our board of directors, without further stockholder approval, will be able to issue shares of undesignated preferred stock and fix the designation, powers, preferences, and rights and any qualifications, limitations, and restrictions of such class or series, which could adversely affect the voting power of your shares. In addition, our bylaws will provide for an advance notice procedure for nomination of candidates to our board of directors that could have the effect of delaying, deterring, or preventing a change in control. Further, as a Delaware corporation, we are subject to provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law regarding “business combinations,” which can deter attempted takeovers in certain situations. We may, in the future, consider adopting additional anti-takeover measures. The authority of our board of directors to issue undesignated preferred or other capital stock and the anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as well as other current and any future anti-takeover measures adopted by us, may, in certain circumstances, delay, deter, or prevent takeover attempts and other changes in control of our company not approved by our board of directors.

Future issuances of our common stock pursuant to our equity incentive plan may have a dilutive effect on your investment and resales of such shares may adversely impact the market price of our common stock.

As of December 31, 2015, we have registered an aggregate of 554,658 shares of common stock reserved under a Registration Statement on Form S-8 and we anticipate filing additional Registration Statements on Form S-8 to register additional shares reserved under our equity incentive plan.  Issuance of shares of common stock pursuant to our equity incentive plan may have a dilutive effect on our common stock.  Also, all shares issued pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-8 can be freely sold in the public market upon issuance, subject to restrictions on our affiliates under Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  If a large number of these shares are sold in the public market, the sales may be viewed negatively by the market and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. 

We currently do not pay dividends and do not intend to pay dividends on our shares of common stock in the foreseeable future and, consequently, your only current opportunity to achieve a return on your investment is if the price of our shares appreciates.

We currently do not pay dividends and do not expect to pay dividends on our shares of common stock in the foreseeable future and intend to use cash to grow our business. Consequently, your only current opportunity to achieve a return on your investment in us will be if the market price of our common stock appreciates.

Not applicable.

Our principal executive offices are located in approximately 11,700 square feet of office space that we lease at 200 South Park Road, Suite 350, Hollywood, Florida. We lease office space in 53 locations nationwide. In total, our facilities contain approximately 275,000 square feet of office space and are subject to leases that expire through 2024. We do not own any real property. Our lease terms vary from month-to-month to multi-year commitments. We do not consider any of these leased properties to be materially important to us. While we believe it is necessary to maintain offices through which our services are coordinated, we feel there are an ample number of available office rental properties that could adequately serve our needs should we need to relocate or expand our operations.

The following table summarizes our ten most significant leased properties by location based on annual rental expense:

From time to time, we are subject to various legal proceedings that arise in the normal course of our business activities. As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we are not a party to any litigation the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or in the aggregate be reasonably expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position.

None.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

On March 26, 2013, we priced our initial public offering of 1,400,000 units. Each unit was sold at an offering price of $6.00 per unit and consisted of one share of the Company’s common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of our common stock at an exercise price of $7.80 per share. The units began trading on NASDAQ on March 27, 2013 and traded solely as units through September 26, 2013. On September 27, 2013 (the “Separation Date”), the common stock and warrants underlying our units automatically separated from the units and began trading separately on NASDAQ under the symbols “NVEE” and “NVEEW”, respectively. Each warrant entitled the holder to purchase from us one share of our common stock at an exercise price of $7.80 beginning on the Separation Date, provided that there was an effective registration statement in effect covering the shares of common stock underlying the warrants.

On January 5, 2015, in accordance with the amended and restated warrant agreement, we notified the holders of our outstanding public warrants that we have called our warrants for redemption. Each public warrant entitled the holder to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $7.80 per share. The public warrant holders had until February 4, 2015 to exercise their public warrants at $7.80 per share. The redemption resulted in 408,412, or approximately 99%, of the outstanding public warrants being exercised prior to the expiration time and generated cash proceeds to the Company of approximately $3.2 million. The remaining 4,002 public warrants that were not exercised by the expiration time were cancelled and redeemed for the sum of $0.01 per public warrant. In connection with the redemption of all outstanding public warrants, the trading of the Company’s warrants was suspended and the warrants were delisted from the NASDAQ.

The following table sets forth, for the calendar quarter indicated, the high and low sales prices of our common stock as reported on the NASDAQ for the periods indicated.

Holders

As of March 7, 2016, there were 230 holders of record of our common stock. These numbers do not include beneficial owners whose shares are held in “street name.”

Dividends

We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not expect to do so in the foreseeable future, as we intend to retain all earnings to provide funds for the operation and expansion of our business. The payment of cash dividends in the future, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon such factors as the extent to which our financing arrangements permit the payment of dividends, earnings levels, capital requirements, our overall financial condition, and any other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

All sales of unregistered securities during the year ended December 31, 2015 were previously disclosed in a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or Current Report on Form 8-K.

Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities

None.

Performance Graph

The following graph and table compare the stockholder’s cumulative total return, assuming $100 invested at September 27, 2013 (the date of commencement of trading on NASDAQ), with all reimbursement of dividends, such as if such amounts had been invested in: (i) our common stock; (ii) the stocks included in the Russell 2000 Index and (iii) the stocks included in the S&P Construction & Engineering Index. The comparisons reflected in the graph and table is not intended to forecast the future performance of our stock and may not be indicative of future performance

ITEM 6.    SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.

The following selected financial data was derived from our consolidated financial statements and provides summarized information with respect to our operations and financial position. The data set forth below should be read in conjunction with the information contained in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto contained in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this report.

(a) Includes discontinued operations, non-controlling interest and foreign currency translation adjustments of $33, ($530), and $2, respectively.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in those forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” Amounts presented are in thousands, except per share data.

Overview

We are a provider of professional and technical engineering and consulting solutions to public and private sector clients. We focus on the infrastructure, energy, construction, real estate, and environmental markets. We primarily focus on five business verticals - construction quality assurance, infrastructure, energy, program management, and environmental solutions. Our primary clients include U.S. federal, state, municipal, and local government agencies, and military and defense clients. We also serve quasi-public and private sector clients from the education, healthcare, energy, and public utilities, including schools, universities, hospitals, health care providers, insurance providers, large utility service providers, and large to small energy producers.

Recent Acquisitions

The aggregate value of all consideration for our acquisitions consummated during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 was approximately $22,998, $10,100 and $3,300, respectively, before any fair value adjustments.

On July 1, 2015, we acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of The RBA Group, Inc., Engineers, Architects and Planners (“RBA”), a New Jersey based infrastructure engineering firm focused on the provision of transportation engineering, planning, and construction inspection, environmental engineering, civil engineering, surveying, and architecture services to public and private clients throughout the East Coast for a purchase price of up to $13,000. At closing, we (i) paid the RBA stockholders an aggregate of $8,000 in cash, less $1,900 held back to cover liabilities associated with RBA’s deferred compensation plan which was paid to the RBA stockholders in July 2015, and (ii) issued the RBA stockholders promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of $4,000 (the “Notes”). The Notes are payable in four equal annual installments of $1,000 each beginning on July 1, 2016. The Notes bear interest at the rate of 3.0% per annum, payable at the time the principal payments are due, and contain such other terms as are customary for promissory notes of this type. In addition, we may also pay as consideration a non-interest bearing earn-out of up to $1,000, subject to the achievement of certain agreed upon financial metrics for the years ended 2016 and 2017. This additional earn-out consideration will be payable in cash or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. Furthermore, at closing we assumed and paid off approximately $4,000 of RBA’s indebtedness.

 On June 24, 2015, we acquired certain assets of Allwyn Priorities, LLC. (“Allwyn”), an environmental services firm based in Phoenix, AZ, that specializes in environmental assessment, radon mitigation, NEPA planning and permitting, NQA-1 compliance, geotechnical engineering, construction materials testing and inspection, and water resources projects. The purchase price of up to $1,300 included up to $800 in cash and a $500 promissory note (bearing interest at 3.5%), payable in three installments of $167, due on the first, second and third anniversaries of June 24, 2015, the effective date of the acquisition.

On April 22, 2015, we acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of Richard J. Mendoza, Inc. (“Mendoza”), a San Francisco based program management firm, with seven offices throughout California, that specializes in the provision of construction program consulting services to public and private clients in the transportation and clean water/wastewater industries. The purchase price of up to $4,000 included up to $500 in cash, a $3,000 short- term promissory note, based on the collection of acquired accounts receivable and work in process, payable within one year, and a $500 promissory note (bearing interest at 3%), payable in two installments of $250, due on the first and second anniversaries of April 22, 2015, the effective date of the acquisition. In order to ultimately determine the fair values of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed for Mendoza, we engaged a third party independent valuation specialist.

On January 30, 2015, we acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of Joslin, Lesser & Associates, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation (“JLA”), a program management and owner’s representation consulting firm that primarily services government owned facilities and public K through 12 school districts in the Boston, MA area. The purchase price of up to $5,500 included $2,250 in cash, a $1,250 promissory note (bearing interest at 3.5%), payable in four installments of $313, due on the first, second, third, and fourth anniversaries of January 30, 2015, the effective date of the acquisition, and $1,000 of our common stock (89,968 shares) as of the closing date of the acquisition. The purchase price also included a non-interest bearing earn-out of up to $1,000 payable in cash, notes and the Company’s common stock, subject to the achievement of certain agreed upon metrics for calendar year 2015. The earn-out of $1,000 is non-interest bearing and was recorded at its estimated fair value of $901, based on a probability-weighted approach valuation technique used to determine the fair value of the contingent consideration on the acquisition date. As of December 31, 2015, the fair value of this contingent consideration was $500 based on the financial metrics achieved for calendar year 2015.

On November 3, 2014, we acquired certain assets of Zollinger Buric, Inc. an Ohio corporation and Buric Global LLC., an Ohio limited liability company (collectively the “Buric Companies”). The Buric Companies are based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Buric Companies provide program management and construction claims consulting services, as well as building information modeling, critical path scheduling, surety consulting, and litigation support. The purchase price of up to $1,000, included a $300 uncollateralized 3% interest bearing promissory note. The note is payable in three equal payments of $100 due on the first, second and third anniversaries of November 3, 2014, the effective date of the acquisition.

On June 30, 2014, we acquired certain assets of Owner’s Representative Services, Inc. (“ORSI”), a program management firm specializing in healthcare facilities development and construction projects. The purchase price of up to $1,300 consisted of $400 in cash, a $450 non-interest bearing promissory note, and $150 of our common stock (14,918 shares) as of the closing date, which were issued in July 2014. The purchase price also included a non-interest bearing earn-out of $300 payable in cash and the Company’s common stock, subject to the achievement of a certain agreed upon metric for calendar year 2014, and was payable on March 31, 2015. The earn-out payment was recorded at its estimated fair value based on a probability-weighted approach valuation technique used to determine the fair value of the contingent consideration on the acquisition date. During 2014, the agreed upon metric was met and the earn-out was achieved. As of December 31, 2014, the estimated fair value of this contingent consideration was approximately $285. The purchase price also included a $450 uncollateralized non-interest bearing promissory note, with an imputed interest rate of 3.75%. This note is payable in two equal payments of $225 due on the first and second anniversaries of June 30, 2014, the effective date of the acquisition. The carrying value of this note was approximately $221 and $434 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On March 21, 2014, we acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of NV5, LLC, a North Carolina limited liability company (formerly known as AK Environmental, LLC), a natural gas pipeline inspection, construction management and environmental consulting firm, primarily servicing the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic and Southeast United States. The purchase price of $7,000 included $3,500 in cash, a $3,000 promissory note (bearing interest at 3.0%), payable in three installments of $1,000 due on the first, second and third anniversaries of March 21, 2014, the effective date of the acquisition, and $500 of our common stock (64,137 shares) as of the closing date of the acquisition.

On January 31, 2014, we acquired certain assets of Air Quality Consulting Inc. (“AQC”) located in Tampa, Florida, which specializes in occupational health, safety and environmental consulting. The purchase price of up to $815 consisted of $250 in cash, a $300 non-interest bearing promissory note and $150 of our common stock (18,739 shares) as of the closing date. The purchase price also included a non-interest bearing earn-out of $115 payable in cash, subject to the achievement of a certain agreed upon metric for calendar year 2014, and was payable on April 1, 2015. The earn-out payment was recorded at estimated fair value based on a probability-weighted approach valuation technique used to determine the fair value of the contingent consideration on the acquisition date. AQC did not meet the agreed upon metric and as of December 31, 2014, the estimated fair value of this contingent consideration was $0. The purchase price included a $300 uncollateralized non-interest bearing promissory note, with an imputed interest rate of 3.75%. The note is payable in two equal payments of $150 due on the first and second anniversaries of January 31, 2014, the effective date of the acquisition. The carrying value of this note was approximately $150 and $294 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On August 12, 2013, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Dunn Environmental, Inc.(“Dunn”). The purchase price consisted of an uncollateralized promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $92, bearing interest at 4.0%, payable in two equal payments of approximately $46 each due on the first and second anniversaries of August 12, 2013, the effective date of the acquisition. The outstanding balance of this note was $0 and $46 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On July 8, 2013, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of the Tampa, Florida division of Pitman-Hartenstein & Associates. The purchase price included an uncollateralized promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $168, bearing interest at 4.0%, payable in two equal payments of $84 each due on December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2014. The outstanding balance of this note was $0 as of both December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On April 30, 2013, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Consilium Partners (“Consilium”). The purchase price included an uncollateralized promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $200, bearing interest at 4.0%, payable in three equal payments of approximately $67 each, and due on the first, second and third anniversaries of April 30, 2013, the effective date of the acquisition. The outstanding balance of this note was $67 and $133, as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

 On February 1, 2016, the Company acquired Sebesta, Inc. (“Sebesta”), a St. Paul, Minnesota-based mechanical, electrical and plumbing (“MEP”) engineering and energy management company. Primary clients include federal and state governments, power and utility companies, and major educational, healthcare, industrial and commercial property owners throughout the United States. Sebesta’s staff numbers 175 and operates from 12 offices in the Midwest, Texas, Mid-Atlantic and Northeast. The purchase price of this acquisition was $14,000 made entirely in cash from internal sources without using debt.

These acquisitions expanded the Company’s infrastructure, environmental and project management services and allow NV5 Global to offer these services on a broader scale within its existing network. In addition, these acquisitions strengthen NV5 Global’s geographic diversification and allow the Company to continue expanding its national footprint.

The acquisitions above have had, or can be expected to have, a significant effect on the comparability of recent or future results of operations. All of our acquisitions have been accounted for as business combinations and the results of operations of the acquisitions have been included in our consolidated results since the dates of the acquisitions.

Key Trends, Developments and Challenges

Initial public offering. On March 26, 2013, the Company priced its initial public offering of 1,400,000 units. Each unit was sold at an offering price of $6.00 per unit and consisted of one share of the Company’s common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $7.80 per share. The units began trading on the NASDAQ Capital Markets (“NASDAQ”) on March 27, 2013 and traded solely as units through September 26, 2013. The units sold in our initial public offering were registered under the Securities Act on a registration statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-186229), which was declared effective by the SEC on March 26, 2013. On March 28, 2013, the underwriter of the offering exercised its option to purchase up to an additional 210,000 units, solely to cover over-allotments. The closing of the offering occurred, and was recorded, on April 2, 2013, upon which we received net proceeds of approximately $8,100 after deducting fees associated with the initial public offering and issued 1,610,000 units. In addition, upon closing, the underwriter received a warrant to acquire up to 140,000 units at an exercise price of $7.20 per unit. The underwriter can exercise these warrants until March 26, 2016, at which time the warrant expires. Each of these units consist of one share of the Company’s common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $7.80 per share.

Separation of the Company’s units and warrant exercises. On September 27, 2013, the common stock and warrants comprising the Company’s units began trading separately on NASDAQ under the symbols “NVEE” and “NVEEW”, respectively. In connection with the separate trading of the common stock and warrants, the Company’s units ceased trading under the symbol “NVEEU” on the close of the markets on September 26, 2013 and the units were delisted from NASDAQ.

On September 27, 2013, the warrants became exercisable at an exercise price of $7.80 per share. The warrant exercise period was scheduled to expire on March 27, 2018 or earlier upon our redemption.

On September 27, 2013 and continuing until October 11, 2013 (the “Temporary Reduction Expiration Time”), we temporarily reduced the exercise price of all of our outstanding public warrants from $7.80 per share to $6.00 per share. All such warrants properly exercised in accordance with their respective terms prior to the end of the Temporary Reduction Expiration Time were accepted by the Company at the reduced $6.00 per share exercise price and one share of the Company’s registered common stock per warrant was issued to the exercising warrant holder. After the Temporary Reduction Expiration Time, the exercise price of the public warrants automatically reverted to the warrant exercise price of $7.80 per share included in the original terms of the public warrants and the reduced exercise price was no longer in effect. Except for the reduced $6.00 per share exercise price of the warrants during the Temporary Reduction Expiration Time, the terms of the public warrants remain unchanged. During the Temporary Reduction Expiration Time, 1,196,471 public warrants, or approximately 74% of the outstanding public warrants were exercised at the reduced exercise price of $6.00 per share. The temporary reduction in the warrant exercise price generated net cash proceeds to the Company of approximately $6,600 after fees associated with the temporary reduction in the warrant exercise price and offering expenses.

Secondary offering

On May 22, 2015, the Company priced a secondary offering of 1,430,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Each share was sold at an offering price of $19.50 per share. The shares sold were registered under the Securities Act, on an effective registration statement on Form S-3 and an effective registration statement filed with the SEC on Form S-3MEF (Registration Nos. 333-198113 and 333-204362) pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act. On May 28, 2015, the underwriters of the offering exercised their option to purchase up to an additional 214,500 shares, solely to cover over-allotments. The closing of the offering occurred, and was recorded, on May 28, 2015, upon which we received net proceeds of approximately $29,400 after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company and issued 1,644,500 shares.

      Warrant exercise

On January 5, 2015, in accordance with the amended and restated warrant agreements, we notified the holders of our outstanding public warrants that we had called our warrants for redemption. Each public warrant entitled the holder to purchase one share of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $7.80 per share. The public warrant holders had until February 4, 2015 to exercise their public warrants at $7.80 per share. The redemption resulted in 408,412, or approximately 99%, of our outstanding public warrants being exercised prior to the expiration time and generated cash proceeds of approximately $3,200. The remaining 4,002 public warrants that were not exercised by the expiration time were cancelled and redeemed for the sum of $0.01 per public warrant. In connection with the redemption of all outstanding public warrants, the trading of the Company’s public warrants was suspended and the warrants were delisted from the NASDAQ.

Shift in service mix. We group our capabilities into five core vertical service offerings. Historically, we have concentrated on the verticals of (i) infrastructure, engineering and support services and (ii) construction quality assurance. We believe, however, that further development of three additional service offerings of (i) program management, (ii) energy services, and (iii) environmental services will become increasingly important to our business as we continue to grow organically and through strategic acquisitions. Gross revenues derived from these three types of services offerings are mostly generated under cost-reimbursable contacts. The methods of billing for these three services are expected to include both time and materials or cost-plus basis.

Tax credit dispute. We are currently under examination by the CFTB about certain research and development tax credits generated and included on the tax returns of an acquired company for the years 2005 to 2009. Fiscal years 2005 through 2015 are considered open tax years in the State of California and 2012 through 2015 in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and other state jurisdictions. At December 31, 2015, the Company had $570 of unrecognized tax benefits.

Components of Income and Expense

Revenues

We enter into contracts with our clients that contain two principal types of pricing provisions: cost-reimbursable and fixed-price. The majority of our contracts are cost-reimbursable contracts that fall under the relatively low-risk subcategory of time and materials contracts.

Cost-reimbursable contracts. Cost-reimbursable contracts consist of two similar contract types: time and materials contracts and cost-plus contracts.

For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, cost-reimbursable contracts represented approximately 93%, 90% and 90%, respectively, of our total revenues.

Fixed-price contracts. Fixed-price contracts also consist of two contract types: lump-sum contracts and fixed-unit price contracts.

For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, fixed-price contracts represented approximately 7%, 10% and 10%, respectively, of our total revenues.

Revenues from engineering services are recognized in accordance with the accrual basis of accounting. Revenues under cost-reimbursable contracts are recognized when services are performed and revenues from fixed-price contracts are recognized on the percentage-of-completion method, generally measured by the direct costs incurred to date as compared to the estimated total direct costs for each contract. See “– Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates – Revenue Recognition.”

Direct Costs of Revenues (excluding depreciation and amortization)

Direct costs of revenues consist primarily of that portion of technical and non-technical salaries and wages incurred in connection with fee generating projects. Direct costs of revenues also include production expenses, subconsultant services, and other expenses that are incurred in connection with our fee generating projects. Direct costs of revenues exclude that portion of technical and non-technical salaries and wages related to marketing efforts, vacations, holidays, and other time not spent directly generating fees under existing contracts. Such costs are included in operating expenses. Additionally, payroll taxes, bonuses, and employee benefit costs for all of our personnel, facilities costs, and depreciation and amortization are included in operating expenses since no allocation of these costs is made to direct costs of revenues. We expense direct costs of revenues when incurred.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses include the costs of the marketing and support staffs, other marketing expenses, management and administrative personnel costs, payroll taxes, bonuses and employee benefits for all of our employees and the portion of salaries and wages not allocated to direct costs of revenues for those employees who provide our services. Operating expenses also include facility costs, depreciation and amortization, professional services, legal and accounting fees, and administrative operating costs. We expense operating costs when incurred.

Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012

We are an emerging growth company within the meaning of the rules under the Securities Act, and we will utilize certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies. For example, we will not have to provide an auditor’s attestation report on our internal controls in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and in future annual reports on Form 10-K as otherwise required by Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The JOBS Act also permits us, as an “emerging growth company,” to take advantage of an extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. We are choosing to “opt out” of this provision and, as a result, we will comply with new or revised accounting standards when they are required to be adopted by issuers. This decision to opt out of the extended transition period under the JOBS Act is irrevocable.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The discussion of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. During the preparation of these financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses, and related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those discussed below. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. The results of our analysis form the basis for making assumptions about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and the impact of such differences may be material to our financial statements. Our estimates and assumptions are evaluated periodically and adjusted when necessary. The more significant estimates affecting amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements relate to the revenue recognition on the percentage-of-completion method, allowances for doubtful accounts, valuation of our intangible assets, contingent consideration and income taxes.

We believe that the following critical accounting policies involve our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements. For further information on all of our significant policies, see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues from engineering services are recognized in accordance with the accrual basis of accounting. Revenues under cost-reimbursable contracts are recognized when services are performed and revenues from fixed-price contracts are recognized on the percentage-of-completion method, generally measured by the direct costs incurred to date as compared to the estimated total direct costs for each contract. We include other direct costs (for example, third-party field labor, subcontractors, or the procurement of materials or equipment) in revenues and cost of revenue when the costs of these items are incurred and we are responsible for the ultimate acceptability of such costs. Recognition of revenue under this method is dependent upon the accuracy of a variety of estimates, including engineering progress, materials quantities, achievement of milestones, labor productivity, and cost estimates. Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is possible that actual completion costs may vary from estimates.

If estimated total costs on contracts indicate a loss or reduction to the percentage of revenue recognized to date, these losses or reductions are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. The cumulative effect of revisions to revenues, estimated costs to complete contracts, including penalties, incentive awards, change orders, claims, anticipated losses and others are recorded in the period in which the revisions are identified and the loss can be reasonably estimated. Such revisions could occur in any reporting period and the effects on the results of operation for that reporting period may be material depending on the size of the project or the adjustment.

Change orders and claims typically result from changes in scope, specifications, design, performance, materials, sites, or period of completion. Costs related to change orders and claims are recognized when incurred. Change orders are included in total estimated revenue when it is probable that the change order will result in an addition to the contract value and can be reliably estimated.

Federal Acquisition Regulations (“FAR”), which are applicable to our federal government contracts and may be incorporated in local and state agency contracts, limit the recovery of certain specified indirect costs on contracts. Cost-plus contracts covered by FAR or certain state and local agencies also may require an audit of actual costs and provide for upward or downward adjustments if actual recoverable costs differ from billed recoverable costs.

Unbilled work results when the appropriate revenue has been recognized when services are performed or based on the percentage-of-completion accounting method but the revenue recorded has not been billed due to the billing terms defined in the contract. Unbilled amounts as of the reporting date are included within accounts receivable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. In certain circumstances, the contract may allow for billing terms that result in the cumulative amounts billed being in excess of revenues recognized. The liability “Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts” represents billings in excess of revenues recognized on these contracts as of the reporting date.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We record billed and unbilled receivables net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance is estimated based on management’s evaluation of the contracts involved and the financial condition of clients. Factors considered include, among other things, client type (federal government or private client), historical performance, historical collection trends, and general economic conditions. The allowance is increased by our provision for doubtful accounts, which is charged against income. All recoveries on receivables previously charged off are credited to the accounts receivable recovery account and are included in income, while direct charge-offs of receivables are deducted from the allowance. Although we believe the allowance for doubtful accounts is sufficient, a decline in economic conditions could lead to the deterioration in the financial condition of our customers, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, and additional allowances may be required that could materially impact our consolidated results of operations. Trade receivable balances carried by us are comprised of accounts from a diverse client base across a broad range of industries; however, there are concentrations of revenues and accounts receivable from California-based projects, government and government-related contracts, and one customer within the government sector.

Goodwill and Related Intangible Assets

Goodwill is the excess of consideration paid for an acquired entity over the amounts assigned to assets acquired, including other identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed in a business combination. To determine the amount of goodwill resulting from a business combination, the Company performs an assessment to determine the fair value of the acquired company’s tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities.

Goodwill is required to be evaluated for impairment on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the asset may be impaired. An entity has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. These qualitative factors include: macroeconomic and industry conditions, cost factors, overall financial performance and other relevant entity-specific events. If the entity determines that this threshold is met, then performing the two-step quantitative impairment test is unnecessary. The two-step impairment test requires a comparison of the carrying value of the assets and liabilities associated with a reporting unit, including goodwill, with the fair value of the reporting unit. The Company determines fair value through multiple valuation techniques, and weighs the results accordingly. We are required to make certain subjective and complex judgments in assessing whether an event of impairment of goodwill has occurred, including assumptions and estimates used to determine the fair value of our reporting units. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, the Company would calculate the implied fair value of its reporting unit goodwill as compared to the carrying value of its reporting unit goodwill to determine the appropriate impairment charge, if any. We have elected to perform our annual goodwill impairment review on August 1 of each year. On August 1, 2015, 2014 and 2013, we conducted our annual impairment tests on the goodwill using the quantitative method of evaluating goodwill. Based on these quantitative analyses, we determined the fair value of each of our reporting units exceeded the carrying value of the reporting unit. Therefore, the goodwill was not impaired and the Company did not recognize an impairment charge relating to goodwill as of August 1, 2015, 2014 and 2013. There were no indicators, events or changes in circumstances to indicate that goodwill was impaired during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.

Identifiable intangible assets primarily include customer backlog, customer relationships, tradenames and non-compete agreements. Amortizable intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives and reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets may be impaired. If an indicator of impairment exists, the Company compares the estimated future cash flows of the asset, on an undiscounted basis, to the carrying value of the asset. If the undiscounted cash flows exceed the carrying value, no impairment is indicated. If the undiscounted cash flows do not exceed the carrying value, then impairment is measured as the difference between fair value and carrying value, with fair value typically based on a discounted cash flow model. The Company did not recognize an impairment charge relating to amortizable intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.

An adjustment to the carrying value of goodwill and/or identifiable intangible assets could materially impact the consolidated results of operations.

Contingent Consideration

The fair values of earn-out arrangements are included as part of the purchase price of the acquired companies on their respective acquisition dates.  We estimated the fair value of contingent earn-out payments as part of the initial purchase price consideration and record the estimated fair value of contingent consideration as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet as of the acquisition date.  We consider several factors when determining that contingent earn-out liabilities are part of the purchase price, including the following:  (i) the valuation of our acquisitions is not supported solely by the initial consideration paid, and the contingent earn-out formula is a critical and material component of the valuation approach to determining the purchase price; and (ii) the former owners of acquired companies that remain as key employees receive compensation other than contingent earn-out payments at a reasonable level compared with the compensation of our other key employees.  The contingent earn-out payments are not affected by employment termination.

We measure our earn-out (contingent consideration) liabilities recognized in connection with business combinations at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.  We use a probability-weighted approach as a valuation technique to determine the fair value of the contingent consideration on the acquisition date and at each reporting period until the contingency is ultimately resolved.  The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements are projections over the earn-out period (generally one year), and the probability outcome percentages we assign to each scenario.  Significant increases or decreases to either of these inputs in isolation could result in a significantly higher or lower liability with a higher liability capped by the contractual maximum of the contingent earn-out obligation. Ultimately, the liability will be equivalent to the amount paid, and the difference between the fair value estimate and amount paid will be recorded in earnings.  The amount paid that is less than or equal to the contingent earn-out liability on the acquisition date is reflected as cash used in financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.  Any amount paid in excess of the contingent earn-out liability on the acquisition date is reported in operating income.

We review and re-assess the estimated fair value of contingent consideration on a quarterly basis, and the updated fair value could differ materially from the initial estimates.  Adjustments to the estimated fair value related to changes in all other unobservable inputs are reported in operating income.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic No. 740 “Income Taxes” (“Topic No. 740”). Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of temporary differences between amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and such amounts as measured by tax laws. A valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets is recorded when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In determining the need for a valuation allowance, management is required to make assumptions and to apply judgment, including forecasting future earnings, taxable income, and the mix of earnings in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Management periodically assesses the need for a valuation allowance based on our current and anticipated results of operations. The need for and the amount of a valuation allowance can change in the near term if operating results and projections change significantly.

The Company recognizes the consolidated financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. In evaluating the amount, if any, of the consolidated financial statement benefit of a tax position, management is also required to make assumptions and to apply judgment. Fiscal years 2005 through 2015 are considered open tax years in the State of California and 2012 through 2015 in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and other state jurisdictions. The Company applies the uncertain tax position guidance to all tax positions for which the statute of limitations remains open. Our policy is to classify interest and penalties as income tax expense.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

Consolidated Results of Operations

The following table represents our condensed results of operations for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands and as of a percentage of gross revenues):

Year ended December 31, 2015 compared to year ended December 31, 2014

Gross revenues.

Our consolidated revenues increased approximately $46,273 or approximately 42.7%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The increase in revenues is due primarily to organic growth from our existing platform as well as the contribution from various acquisitions completed in 2015 and 2014. Excluding revenues from acquisitions closed during 2015, our revenues increased approximately $9,483, or approximately 9%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The growth in revenues was primarily attributable to increases in energy transmission and distribution services; construction materials testing and engineering services; and program and construction management services. We are currently unaware of any delays in current projects and therefore are not anticipating such to influence future revenues. Such revenues could be affected by changes in economic conditions and the impact thereof on our public and quasi-public sector funded projects.

Direct costs.

Our direct costs increased approximately $22,676 or approximately 35.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The increase in direct costs compared to 2014 is primarily due to an increase in our utilization of billable employees in 2015 due to an increase in projects and direct costs incurred from operations of businesses acquired after 2014. Excluding acquisitions closed during 2015, our direct costs increased approximately $4,369, or approximately 7%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. Direct costs of contracts include direct labor and all costs incurred in connection with and directly for the benefit of client contracts. The level of direct costs of contracts may fluctuate between reporting periods due to a variety of factors, including the amount of sub-consultant costs we incur during a period. On those projects where we are responsible for subcontract labor or third-party materials and equipment, we reflect the amounts of such items in both gross revenues and costs. To the extent that we incur a significant amount of pass-through costs in a period, our direct costs of contracts are likely to increase as well.

As a percentage of gross revenues, direct costs of contracts were 55.5%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, as compared to 58.3% in 2014. The improved gross margins were due primarily to the increase in utilization and reduction of sub-consultants used to perform services. The relationship between direct costs of contracts and revenues will fluctuate between reporting periods depending on a variety of factors, including the mix of business during the reporting periods being compared as well as the level of margins earned from the various types of services provided. As revenues from sub-consultant costs typically have lower margin rates associated with them, it is not unusual for us to experience an increase or decrease in such revenues without experiencing a corresponding increase or decrease in our gross margins and income from operations.

Operating expenses.

Our operating expenses increased approximately $18,141, or 49.1%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The increase in operating expenses was due primarily to integration costs from businesses acquired subsequent to December 31, 2014. Excluding operating expenses from acquisitions closed during 2015, our operating expenses increased approximately $4,648, or approximately 13%. During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, acquisition related expenses were approximately $719 and $292, respectively. Also contributing to the increase in operating expenses is the increase in amortization of intangible assets. During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, amortization of intangible assets was approximately $2,624 and $1,427, respectively. Operating expenses typically fluctuate as a result of changes in headcount (both corporate and field locations) and the amount of spending required to support our professional services activities, which normally require additional overhead costs. Therefore, when our professional services revenues increase or decrease, it is not unusual to see a corresponding change in operating expenses.

Income taxes.

Our consolidated effective income tax rate was 37.0% for the year ended December 31, 2015. The difference between the effective tax rate and the combined statutory federal and state tax rate of 39.0% is principally due to the domestic production activities deduction. Our consolidated effective income tax rate was 38.6% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The difference between the effective tax rate and the combined statutory federal and state tax rate of 39.0% is principally due to the domestic production activities deduction and research and development credits as well as higher tax deductions realized on our 2013 federal and state tax returns filed during the third quarter of 2014, offset by the recording of $550 of unrecognized tax benefits.

Year ended December 31, 2014 compared to year ended December 31, 2013

Gross revenues.

Our revenues increased approximately $40,150 or approximately 58.8%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The increase in revenues is due primarily to organic growth from our existing platform as well as the contribution from various acquisitions completed in 2014. Excluding revenues from acquisitions closed during 2014, our revenues increased approximately $12,800, or approximately 19%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The growth in revenues was primarily attributable to increases in transportation services; energy transmission and distribution services; construction materials testing and engineering services; and program and construction management services.

Direct costs.

Our direct costs increased approximately $29,785, or approximately 89.16%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The increase in direct costs compared to 2013 is primarily due to an increase in our utilization of billable employees in 2014 due to an increase in projects and direct costs incurred from operations of businesses acquired after December 31, 2013. Excluding direct costs from acquisitions closed during 2014, our direct costs increased approximately $8,200, or approximately 24%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. Direct costs of contracts include direct labor and all costs incurred in connection with and directly for the benefit of client contracts. The level of direct costs of contracts may fluctuate between reporting periods due to a variety of factors, including the amount of sub-consultant costs we incur during a period. On those projects where we are responsible for subcontract labor or third-party materials and equipment, we reflect the amounts of such items in both gross revenues and costs. To the extent that we incur a significant amount of pass-through costs in a period, our direct costs of contracts are likely to increase as well.

As a percentage of gross revenues, direct costs of contracts were 58.3%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, as compared to 49.0% in 2013. The decrease in gross profit percentage for the year ended December 31, 2014, was primarily due to lower gross profit margin generated by NV5, LLC acquired during 2014. NV5, LLC is a technical staffing business in the energy industry, which is generally a high volume and lower margin business. However, the administrative overhead costs (i.e., indirect labor, facilities costs, etc.) for this type of operation are typically lower than our other service lines. The relationship between direct costs of contracts and revenues will fluctuate between reporting periods depending on a variety of factors, including the mix of business during the reporting periods being compared as well as the level of margins earned from the various types of services provided. As revenues from sub-consultant costs typically have lower margin rates associated with them, it is not unusual for us to experience an increase or decrease in such revenues without experiencing a corresponding increase or decrease in our gross margins and income from operations.

Operating expenses.

Our operating expenses increased approximately $6,018, or 19.5%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The increase in operating expenses was due primarily to integration costs from businesses acquired subsequent to December 31, 2013. Operating expenses typically fluctuate as a result of changes in headcount (both corporate and field locations) and the amount of spending required to support our professional services activities, which normally require additional overhead costs. Therefore, when our professional services revenues increase or decrease, it is not unusual to see a corresponding change in operating expenses.

As a percentage of revenues, operating expenses were 34.1%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, as compared to 45.3%, for 2013. This decrease was the result of the increase in utilization of our professional staff compared to the same period last year, internal focus on performance optimization and the scalability of operations.

Income taxes.

Our consolidated effective income tax rate was 38.6% for the year ended December 31, 2014. The difference between the effective tax rate and the combined statutory federal and state tax rate of 39.0% is principally due to the domestic production activities deduction and research and development credits as well as higher tax deductions realized on our 2013 federal and state tax returns filed during the third quarter of 2014, offset by offset by the recording of $550 of unrecognized tax benefits. Our consolidated effective income tax rate was 24.1% for the year ended December 31, 2013. The reduction in the effective tax rate compared to the combined statutory federal and state tax rate of 39.0% is principally due to the domestic production activities deduction as well as higher tax deductions realized on our 2012 federal and state tax returns filed during the third quarter of 2013. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2013 also includes the discrete federal tax benefit of $168 related to the retroactive legislative reinstatement on January 2, 2013 of the research and development tax credit for the year ended December 31, 2012, which is required to be included in the period the reinstatement was enacted into law.

Segment Results of Operations

The following tables set forth summarized financial information concerning our reportable segments (dollars in thousands):

⁽¹⁾ Includes amortization of intangibles of $2,624, $1,427 and $978 for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Year ended December 31, 2015 compared to year ended December 31, 2014

Our revenues from INF reportable segment increased approximately $20,548 or approximately 31.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. Excluding revenues from acquisitions closed during 2015, our revenues from INF increased approximately $2,935, or approximately 5%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The growth in revenues was primarily attributable to increases in energy transmission and distribution services.

Operating income from INF increased $3,615, or 52.8%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The increase in operating income is primarily due to increased revenues from organic growth and the contributions from acquisitions completed in 2015 discussed above.

Our revenues from CQA reportable segment increased approximately $3,899 or approximately 15.5%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. Excluding revenues from acquisitions closed during 2015, our revenues from CQA increased approximately $1,000, or approximately 3%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The growth in revenues was primarily attributable to increases in construction materials testing and engineering services partially offset by decreases in revenues from code compliance services.

Operating income from CQA decreased $600, or 10.5%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The decrease in operating income is primarily due to the change in mix of services performed in 2015 compared to 2014.

Our revenues from PM reportable segment increased approximately $22,383 or approximately 114.4%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. Excluding revenues from acquisitions closed during 2015, our revenues from PM increased approximately $6,342, or approximately 32%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The growth in revenues was primarily attributable to increases in civil and facilities program management and construction management services.

Operating income from PM increased $6,032, or 167%, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 2014. The increase in operating income is primarily due to increased revenues from organic growth and from the contributions from acquisitions completed in 2015 discussed above.

Year ended December 31, 2014 compared to year ended December 31, 2013

Our revenues from INF reportable segment increased approximately $28,539 or approximately 79.7%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. Excluding revenues from acquisitions closed during 2014, our revenues from INF increased approximately $3,157, or approximately 9%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The growth in revenues was primarily attributable to increases in transportation and energy transmission and distribution services.

Operating income from INF increased $3,147, or 85.1%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The increase in operating income is primarily due to the increased revenues from organic growth and from the contributions of acquisitions completed in 2014 discussed above.

Our revenues from CQA reportable segment increased approximately $7,802 or approximately 44.8%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2014. Excluding revenues from acquisitions closed during 2014, our revenues from CQA increased approximately $6,721, or approximately 39%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The growth in revenues was primarily attributable to increases in construction materials testing and engineering and code compliance services.

Operating income from CQA increased $1,401, or 32.4%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The increase in operating income is primarily due to the increased revenues from organic growth and from the contributions from acquisitions completed in 2014 discussed above.

Our revenues from PM reportable segment increased approximately $3,805 or approximately 24.1%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. Excluding revenues from acquisitions closed during 2014, our revenues from PM increased approximately $2,895, or approximately 18%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The growth in revenues was primarily attributable to increases in civil and facilities program management and construction management services.

Operating income from PM increased $964, or 36.3%, for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to 2013. The increase in operating income is primarily due to the increased revenues from organic growth and from the contributions from acquisitions completed in 2014 discussed above.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 

Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents balances, cash flow from operations, lines of credit, and access to financial markets. Our principal uses of cash are operating expenses, working capital requirements, capital expenditures, repayment of debt, and acquisition expenditures. We believe our sources of liquidity, including cash flow from operations, existing cash and cash equivalents, which include proceeds from our initial public offering, proceeds from the exercise of warrants issued in connection therewith, proceeds from our recent secondary offering, and borrowing capacity under our credit facility will be sufficient to meet our projected cash requirements for at least the next twelve months. This includes the increased operating expenses we began to incur in April 2013 and will continue to incur in connection with becoming a publicly traded company, such as financial and accounting personnel we have hired or will hire and our planned strategic acquisition activity for at least the next twelve months. We will monitor our capital requirements thereafter to ensure our needs are in line with available capital resources.

We believe our experienced employees and management team are our most valuable resources. Attracting, training, and retaining key personnel have been and will remain critical to our success. To achieve our human capital goals, we intend to remain focused on providing our personnel with entrepreneurial opportunities to increase client contact within their areas of expertise and to expand our business within our service offerings.

Cash Flows

As of December 31, 2015, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $23,476 and accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, totaled $47,747, compared to $6,872 and $27,015, respectively, on December 31, 2014. As of December 31, 2015, our accounts payable and accrued liabilities were $6,658 and $9,564, respectively, compared to $5,335 and $4,763, respectively, on December 31, 2014. Also, as of December 31, 2015, we had notes payable, stock repurchase obligations, and contingent considerations of $10,707, $0, and $1,279, respectively, compared to $6,256, $935 and $941, respectively, on December 31, 2014.

Operating activities

For the year ended December 31, 2015, net cash provided by operating activities amounted to $5,972, primarily attributable to net income of $8,492, which included non-cash charges of $5,164 from stock based compensation and depreciation and amortization, and decreases of $2,351 in accounts payable and accrued liabilities partially offset by an increase of $4,846 in accounts receivable. During 2015, we made income tax payments of approximately $4,371.   

For the year ended December 31, 2014, net cash provided by operating activities amounted to $1,420 primarily attributable to net income of $4,893 which included non-cash charges of $2,740 from stock based compensation and depreciation and amortization, and increases of $1,715 in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, which is offset by an increase of $7,591 in accounts receivable. During 2014, we made income tax payments of approximately $1,767.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, net cash provided by operating activities amounted to $3,421 primarily attributable to net income of $2,759 which included non-cash charges of $1,879 from stock based compensation and depreciation and amortization, and increases of $1,008 in accounts payable and accrued liabilities partially offset by decreases of $1,793 in deferred and income taxes payable. During 2013, we made income tax payments of approximately $2,416, which included payment of 2012 income taxes as a result of our acquisition of NV5 during 2010 whereby NV5 was required to switch from a cash basis taxpayer to an accrual basis taxpayer. The phase-in period for this required tax accounting method change was completed in 2012.

Investing activities

For the year ended December 31, 2015, net cash used in investing activities amounted to $11,028, primarily resulting from cash used for our acquisitions during 2015 of $10,427 and the purchase of property and equipment of $601 for our ongoing operations.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, net cash used in investing activities amounted to $5,475 primarily resulting from cash used for our acquisitions during 2014 of $4,650 and the purchase of property and equipment of $825 for our ongoing operations.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, net cash used in investing activities amounted to $2,150 primarily resulting from cash used for our acquisitions during 2013 of $1,617 and the purchase of property and equipment of $533 for our ongoing operations.

Financing activities

For the year ended December 31, 2015, net cash provided by financing activities amounted to $21,660, primarily due to the net proceeds from the secondary offering of $29,419 and the warrant exercise of $2,970 offset by principal repayments of $10,797 towards long-term debt, $533 towards the contingent obligation and $935 in stock repurchase obligations.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, net cash used in financing activities amounted to $2,941 primarily attributable to cash used for scheduled repayments of $1,999 towards long-term debt, $687 in stock repurchase obligations, and payment of contingent consideration of $233.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, net cash provided by financing activities amounted to $10,303 primarily attributable to gross proceeds of $9,660 received from our initial public offering (as discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K), which was partially offset by initial public offering costs paid of $1,580. Contributing to the net cash provided by financing activities was gross proceeds of $7,183 received from the exercise of our public warrants due to our temporary reduction in the exercise price of such warrants (as discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K), which was partially offset by costs associated with the exercise of such warrants of $567. Also contributing to the net cash provided by financing activities were borrowings of $518, offset by scheduled repayments of $4,139 towards long-term debt and $772 in stock repurchase obligations.

Financing

Credit Facility

On January 31, 2014, we entered into a Business Loan Agreement with Western Alliance Bank, an Arizona corporation (“Western Alliance”), as lender, which was amended on September 3, 2014 and provides for a two-year, $8,000 revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). The interest rate is prime rate plus 0.50%, with a minimum of 3.75%, which was the interest rate as of December 31, 2015. The Credit Facility contains a cross default and cross collateralization provision with the Term Loan described below. The Credit Facility contains certain financial covenants, including an annual maximum debt to tangible net worth ratio of 3.0:1.0 as of December 31, 2015 and for each annual period ending on the last day of each fiscal year thereafter. In addition, the Credit Facility contains an annual minimum debt service coverage ratio equal to 1.5:1.0 for each annual period ending on the last day of the fiscal year beginning December 31, 2013. The Credit Facility also contains financial reporting covenant provisions and other covenants, representations, warranties, indemnities, and events of default that are customary for facilities of this type. As of December 31, 2015, the Company is in compliance with the financial and reporting covenants. The Credit Facility is guaranteed by our wholly-owned subsidiaries: (i) NV5 Holdings, (ii) NV5, (iii) NV5, LLC, (iv) JLA, and (v) RBA. The Credit Facility is secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets of NV5 Global, Inc., NV5 Holdings and NV5. On July 20, 2015, we amended the Credit Facility to add additional subsidiary guarantors, establish a within-line facility of up to $1,000 for the issuance of standby letters of credit and extend the maturity date of the Credit Facility to May 31, 2016 from January 31, 2016. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the outstanding balance on the Credit Facility was $0. Standby letters of credit outstanding were $146 and $0 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Term Loan

We had a note payable to Western Alliance, which matured on February 1, 2015 (the “Term Loan”). As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the outstanding balance on the Term Loan was approximately $0 and $318, respectively.

Uncollateralized Promissory Notes

The note held by the seller of Nolte Associates Inc. (the “Nolte Note”) is currently outstanding with a maturity date of July 29, 2017. The Nolte Note bears interest at the prime rate plus 1%, subject to a maximum rate of 7.0%. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the actual interest rate was 4.25%. Under the terms of the Nolte Note, as amended, we pay quarterly principal installments of approximately $100 plus interest. The Nolte Note is unsecured and is subordinated to the Term Loan, although we are permitted to make our periodic principal and interest payments. The outstanding balance of the Nolte Note was approximately $754 and $1,231 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The stock repurchase obligations at December 31, 2015 and 2014 represented notes payable for the repurchase of common stock of certain former non-controlling interests in NV5. These notes were unsecured and subordinated to bank debt and the maintenance of related debt covenants, and bear interest from 3.25% to 4.25%. The rates adjusted annually based on the prime rate. The notes required quarterly interest and principal payments through their maturity dates, which range between 2014 and 2019. During the third quarter of 2015, the Company opted to pay the remaining principal and accrues interest related to these obligations. The outstanding balance of the stock repurchase obligation was $0 and $935 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, including the current portions.

On January 30, 2015, we acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of JLA. The purchase price included a $1,250 promissory note bearing interest at 3.5% (the “JLA Note”) that is payable in four equal payments of $313 each, due on the first, second, third, and fourth anniversaries of January 30, 2015, the effective date of the acquisition. The outstanding balance of the JLA Note was $1,250 as of December 31, 2015.

On April 22, 2015, we acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of Mendoza. The purchase price included a $3,000 short- term promissory note, based on the collection of acquired accounts receivable and work in process, payable within one year and a $500 promissory note bearing interest at 3.0% (the “Mendoza Note”) that is payable in two equal payments of $250 each, due on the first and second anniversaries of April 22, 2015, the effective date of the acquisition. The outstanding balance of the short-term promissory note and Mendoza Note was $278 and $500 as of December 31, 2015, respectively.

 On June 24, 2015, we acquired certain assets of Allwyn. The purchase price included a $500 promissory note bearing interest at 3.5% (the “Allwyn Note”) that is payable in three equal payments of $167 each, due on the first, second and third anniversaries of June 24, 2015, the effective date of the acquisition. The outstanding balance of the Allwyn Note was $500 as of December 31, 2015.

On July 1, 2015, we acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of RBA. The purchase price included a $4,000 promissory note bearing interest at 3.0% (the “RBA Note”) that is payable in four equal payments of $1,000 each due on the first, second, third, and fourth anniversaries of July 1, 2015, the effective date of the acquisition. The outstanding balance of the RBA Note was $4,000 as of December 31, 2015.

On January 31, 2014, we acquired certain assets of AQC. The purchase price included an uncollateralized non-interest bearing promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $300 for which we have imputed interest at a rate of 3.75% (the “AQC Note”). This note is payable in two equal payments of $150 each, due on the first and second anniversaries of the effective date of January 31, 2014. The carrying value of the AQC Note was approximately $150 and $294 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On March 21, 2014, we acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of NV5, LLC. The purchase price included a $3,000 promissory note bearing interest at 3.0% (the “AK Note”) that is payable in three equal payments of $1,000 each due on the first, second and third anniversaries of the effective date of March 21, 2014. The outstanding balance of the AK Note was approximately $2,000 and $3,000 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On June 30, 2014, we acquired certain assets of ORSI. The purchase price included an uncollateralized non-interest bearing promissory note in the principal amount of $450 (the “ORSI Note”), which has an imputed interest rate of 3.75%. The ORSI Note is payable in two equal payments of $225 each due on the first and second anniversaries of the effective date of June 30, 2014. The outstanding balance of the ORSI Note was $221 and $434 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On November 3, 2014, we acquired certain assets of the Buric Companies. The purchase price included a $300 uncollateralized 3% interest bearing promissory note. The note is payable in three equal payments of $100 due on the first, second and third anniversaries of November 3, 2014, the effective date of the acquisition. The outstanding balance of the Buric Note was $200 and $300 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On July 27, 2012, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Kaderabek Company (“Kaco”). The purchase price included a note in the aggregate principal amount of $2,000 (the “Kaco Note”), bearing interest at 3.0% for the first year and 200 basis points over the one-year LIBOR for the years thereafter, which is payable as follows: $500 due by (and paid on) December 28, 2012 and three equal payments of $500 each due on the first, second and third anniversaries of the effective date of July 27, 2012. The outstanding balance of the Kaco Note was $0 and $500 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On April 30, 2013, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Consilium. The purchase price included an uncollateralized promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $200, bearing interest at 4.0%, payable in three equal payments of $67 each due on the first, second and third anniversaries of the effective date of April 30, 2013. The outstanding balance of this note was $67 and $133 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

On August 12, 2013, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Dunn. The purchase price consisted of an uncollateralized promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $92 (bearing interest at 4.0%), payable in two equal payments of approximately $46 each due on the first and second anniversaries of the effective date of August 12, 2013. The outstanding balance of this note was $0 and $46 as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Effects of Inflation

Based on our analysis of the periods presented, we believe that inflation has not had a material effect on our operating results. There can be no assurance that future inflation will not have an adverse impact on our operating results and financial condition.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2015 (in thousands):     

Our accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet include unrecognized tax benefits. As of December 31, 2015, we had unrecognized tax benefits of $570. At this time, we are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of settlements in individual years in connection with unrecognized tax benefit; therefore, such amounts are not included in the above table.

Recent Accounting Pronouncement

In November 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-17— Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. As part of the FASB's accounting simplification initiative, ASU 2015-17 removes the requirement to separate deferred income tax liabilities and assets into current and noncurrent amounts in a classified statement of financial position. Instead, the update requires that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. ASU 2015-17 is effective for entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, with prospective or retrospective application to all periods presented. Early application is permitted. The Company does not expect the impact of this ASU to be material to its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03 "Interest-Imputation of Interest," which is intended to simplify the presentation of debt issuance costs. The amendments require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by this ASU. ASU 2015-03 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. In August 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-15 “Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30)”, to provide further clarification to ASU 2015-03 as it relates to the presentation and subsequent measurement of debt issuance costs associated with line of credit arrangements. The Company does not expect ASU 2015-03 and ASU 2015-15 to be material to its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This ASU is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU was originally effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and early adoption is permitted as of the original effective date. Companies may use either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective approach to adopt this ASU and management has not yet determined which method it will apply. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2014-09 on the Company's consolidated net income, financial position and cash flows. In July 2015, FASB voted to approve a one-year deferral of the effective date to December 31, 2017 for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after that date and permitted early adoption of the standard, but not before the original effective date of December 15, 2016. As a result, ASU 2014-09 will become effective for us in the first quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 2018.

We are exposed to certain market risks from transactions that are entered into during the normal course of business. We have not entered into derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. We have no significant market risk exposure to interest rate changes as substantially all of our debt is currently financed with fixed interest rates. Our only debt subject to interest rate risk is the Credit Facility which interest rate is subject to changes in the prime rate. As of December 31, 2015, the outstanding balance on the Credit Facility was $0. As a result, we believe that our market risk is minimal.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

NV5 Global, Inc.

Hollywood, FL

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of NV5 Global, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of NV5 Global, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Miami, FL

March 11, 2016

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders

NV Global, Inc. (formerly NV5 Holdings, Inc.)

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of NV5 Global, Inc. (formerly NV5 Holdings, Inc.) (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2014, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2014.  These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of NV5 Global, Inc. (formerly NV5 Holdings, Inc.) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2014 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Fort Lauderdale, Florida

March 27, 2015 (except for Note 16, as to which the date is March 11, 2016)

NV5 Global, Inc. and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share data)