Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2017 January (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q     

(Mark One)

For the Quarterly Period Ended January 31, 2017

Or

For the Transition Period From                     to                    

Commission file number: 001-33417

OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

1590 REED ROAD, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Including Zip Code)

(609) 730-0400

(Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

As of February 28, 2017 the number of outstanding shares of common stock of the registrant was 6,313,996.

OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

INDEX TO FORM 10-Q

PowerBuoy^® is a registered trademark of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and the Ocean Power Technologies logo is a trademark of Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. All other trademarks appearing in this report are the property of their respective holders.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

We have made statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements convey our current expectations or forecasts of future events. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding our future financial position, business strategy, pending, threatened, and current litigation, liquidity, budgets, projected costs, plans and objectives of management for future operations. The words "may," "continue," "estimate," "intend," "plan," "will," "believe," "project," "expect," "anticipate", “goal” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking.

The forward-looking statements contained in or incorporated by reference are largely based on our expectations, which reflect estimates and assumptions made by our management. These estimates and assumptions reflect our best judgment based on currently known market conditions and other factors. Although we believe such estimates and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently uncertain and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that are beyond our control, including:

Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this report may turn out to be inaccurate. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. They may be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or unknown risks and uncertainties, including the risks, uncertainties and assumptions described in Item 1A "Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2016, in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended July 31, 2016 and October 31, 2016, and elsewhere in this report. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this report may not occur as contemplated and actual results could differ materially from those anticipated or implied by the forward-looking statements.

Many of these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. These factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the general or specific factors that may affect us. You should not unduly rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this filing. Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or future events or otherwise.

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.      Financial Statements

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share data)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except per share data)

 See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

 Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(in thousands)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

(in thousands, except share data) 

 See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

 Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Some of the information contained in this management’s discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business, pending and threatened litigation and our liquidity includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You should review the "Risk Factors" section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2016, in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended July 31, 2016 and October 31, 2016, and elsewhere in this report, for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis. References to a fiscal year in this Form 10-Q refer to the year ended April 30 of that year (e.g., fiscal 2016 refers to the year ended April 30, 2016).

Overview

Nearly 70% of the earth’s surface is covered by water, with over 40% of the world’s population living within approximately 150 miles of a coast. Thousands of information gathering and/or power systems are deployed in the oceans today to increase understanding of weather, climate change, biological processes, and marine mammal patterns and to support exploration and operations for industries such as oil and gas. Most of these systems are powered by battery, solar, wind, fuel cell, or fossil fuel generators that are unreliable and expensive to operate while also limited in their electric power delivery. These incumbent systems often require significant tradeoffs in sensor accuracy, data processing and communications bandwidth and frequency in order to operate with limited available power. More persistent power systems requiring less maintenance, like our systems, may have the ability to save costs over current operating systems. Just as importantly, increases in available power may allow for better sensors and faster data sampling and higher frequency communication intervals up to real-time which could as a result improve scientific and economic returns.

Incorporated in 1984 and headquartered in Pennington, New Jersey, we believe we are the leader in ocean wave power conversion technology. We are developing and commercializing our proprietary systems that generate electricity by harnessing the renewable energy of ocean waves. Our PowerBuoys use proprietary technologies that convert the mechanical energy created by the heaving motion of ocean waves into electricity. We currently have designed and continue to develop our PowerBuoy product line which is based on modular, ocean-going buoys, which we have been periodically ocean testing since 1997.

We have designed our autonomous PowerBuoy to generate power for use in remote locations, independent of an existing conventional power grid. Our current PowerBuoy product, the PB3, incorporates a unique power take-off (“PTO”) and onboard system for energy storage and management, and is significantly smaller than our previous iteration utility-scale PowerBuoy. We are continuing to develop and test our PowerBuoys, which we believe could be utilized in a variety of applications.

Our PB3 PowerBuoy design leverages portions of earlier features that we do not believe require further validation prior to implementation in our current products. Currently, our product development and engineering efforts are focusing primarily on developing technologies that will increase the energy output and reliability of our product through design scalability to maintain quality and speed time to our targeted markets. Our marketing and development efforts are targeting applications that require reliable, persistent, and sustainable power sources operating independently of the utility grid, either by supplying electric power to payloads that are integrated directly in our PowerBuoy or located in its vicinity including on the seabed and in the water column.

Based on our market research and available public data, management believes that there is the potential for us to pursue business opportunities in multiple markets that would have a direct need for our PowerBuoys including oil and gas, ocean observing, defense and security, communications, and offshore wind. Depending on power needs, sensor types and other considerations, we believe our PowerBuoy could have the ability to satisfy several application requirements within these markets. We believe that the PB3 generates sufficient persistent power to meet the application needs of many of the potential customers within our target markets. We are continuing our development efforts to increase the energy output of the PowerBuoy to generate more power required for other applications within these markets.

Since fiscal 2002, government agencies have accounted for a significant portion of our revenues. These revenues were largely for the support of our development efforts relating to our technology and development of our PowerBuoys. Our goal is that an increased portion of our revenues be from the sale or lease of our products and sales of services, as compared to revenue from grants to support our business operations. As we continue to develop and commercialize our products, we expect to have a net loss of cash from operating activities unless and until we achieve positive cash flow from the commercialization of our products and services. During fiscal 2016 and 2017, we continued work on projects with the U.S. Department of Defense (“DOD”), and Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (“MES”), with whom we signed our first commercial leasing agreement in May 2016, and we continued our efforts to increase the reliability and power output of our PowerBuoys.

Product Development

The development of our technology has been funded by capital raised and by development engineering contracts received starting in fiscal 1995, including projects with the U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”), the U.S. Navy, the Department of Homeland Security and MES. Through these historic projects, the Company also continued development of our current and our next generation PowerBuoy technology.

During fiscal 2017, we continue to focus on the commercialization of our PowerBuoy technology in autonomous application markets. We completed our work under our DOE contract that focused on further optimization of our modular PTO technology and delivered the project final report to the DOE in February 2016. In January 2016, we successfully completed the final stage and associated review with the DOE of the contract deliverables during which the DOE reviewed advancements related to PTO design aspects such as reliability, cost take out, manufacturability and scalability. As we continued to focus on the development and validation of our PB3 PowerBuoy commercial product, our activities concentrated mainly on implementing all of our lessons learned during our efforts in the prior fiscal year from our ocean deployments and accelerated life testing (“ALT”). The resulting improved PB3 PowerBuoy was deployed off the coast of New Jersey in July of 2016 and was retrieved early December 2016 upon completing all intended testing and validation. Inspection and refurbishment of the PB3 PowerBuoy were completed and this PB3 was shipped for delivery to MES in Japan to fulfill the requirements of our lease with MES, including a deployment off of Kozu-Island in the Pacific Ocean. ALT of the PB3 commercial PTO is ongoing with no failures to date. In addition to the deployment of the PB3 PowerBuoy, the prior generation pre-commercial PB3 (“PB3-A1”), was fitted with a sensor that collects tagged marine mammal migration information as well as with a Self-Contained Ocean Observing Payload (“SCOOP”). The marine mammal migration detection sensor was attached to the PB3-A1 PowerBuoy as part of an agreed scope of work with the Wildlife Conservation Society (“WCS”) through a memorandum of agreement between WCS and OPT. The SCOOP payload was integrated into PB3-A1 to complete the Phase 1 work scope of a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (“CRADA”) between the National Data Buoy Center (“NDBC”) and OPT. The PB3-A1, deployed off the coast of New Jersey in May 2016, was retrieved in October 2016. From July 2016 through October 2016, both PB3-A1 and PB3 were concurrently deployed generating valuable performance validation data. Both the NDBC SCOOP as well as the WCS tagged mammal migration detection sensor met all of their performance requirements. This pre-commercial PowerBuoy is now undergoing a full upgrade to achieve full commercial status by retrofitting it with the final commercial PTO including our modular energy storage system, and to make it available to support our on-going commercialization efforts. In addition to the PB3 commercial product validation activities, a concerted effort has been underway which focuses on proactively implementing additional features driven by extensive and direct discussions with potential users and customers in our target markets. Such features include:

Additionally, and building upon our initial success in implementing an auto-ballast system in our commercial PB3, we are further enhancing this feature in order to achieve faster and more cost effective PB3 deployments and retrievals.

Further, the development of our PB15, the next scale-up of our autonomous PowerBuoy which is in accordance with our product roadmap, is underway. Our intent is to complete the preliminary design of our PB15 in fiscal 2017. We believe the PB15 PowerBuoy would have a peak rating of 15kW and an average continuous power output that depends on the deployment site’s metocean conditions. While this scale-up leverages every aspect of the product development and validation of the PB3, it also strategically positions the product to allow OPT to respond to higher power needs as expressed by potential end-users and customers in our target markets.

As previously stated, the PB3 has achieved commercial status through a series of design iterations which focused on improving its reliability and survivability in the ocean environment. Though the PB3 will continue to undergo further enhancements through customary product life cycle management, we believe the PB3 has achieved a maturity level for immediate commercial use. We believe that the PB3 will generate and store sufficient power to address various application requirements in our target markets. Our product development and engineering efforts are focused, in part, on increasing the energy output and efficiency of our PowerBuoys and, if we are able to do so, we believe the PowerBuoy would be useful for additional applications where cost savings and additional power are required by our potential customers. We continue to explore opportunities in these target markets, and we have not yet finalized any product offerings in these potential markets. We believe that by increasing the energy output of our PowerBuoys we may be able to address larger segments of our target markets. By improving our design and manufacturing, we also seek to reduce the cost of our PowerBuoys through further design iterations and manufacturing ramp-up. In so doing, we seek to improve customer value, displace additional incumbent solutions, and become a viable power source for new applications in our target markets.

Commercial Activities

We are seeking to build strategic alliances with other companies that have developed or are developing in-ocean applications requiring a persistent source of power that is also capable of real time data collection, processing and communication, to address potential customer needs. As announced in October 2015, we signed a memorandum of understanding (“MOU”) with Gardline Environmental, Ltd. to jointly investigate innovative metocean monitoring and maritime security systems for prospective customers using both companies’ technologies. The MOU can be terminated by either party, and each party will bear its own respective work scope costs associated with the MOU.

In May 2016, we entered into a contract with MES totaling $1.0 million, a portion of which was performed in fiscal 2016 as agreed under a letter of intent signed in March 2016. The contract with MES included certain engineering and other services, and a six-month lease of our PB3 PowerBuoy, commencing in February 2017, and extending through July 2017.

In September 2016, we entered into a contract with the Department of Defense Office of Naval Research (“ONR”) totaling approximately $0.2 million to carry out the first phase of a project which focuses on the initial concept design and development of a mass-on-spring PTO-based PowerBuoy leveraging a number of OPT patents covering such a technology. If successful, this device is expected to be able to respond to the unique set of requirements expected in various military marine applications.

In November 2016, we entered into a joint marketing agreement with Sonalysts, Inc. The purpose of this agreement is for OPT and Sonalysts to collaboratively identify and pursue opportunities leveraging our individual products and capabilities. Sonalysts has primary capabilities in operations and analysis; modeling and simulation; systems engineering and integration; program support; and undersea wireless communications technologies.

In February 2017, we entered into a joint application engineering and marketing agreement with HAI Technologies (“HAI”). The purpose is for OPT and HAI to jointly and collaboratively identify, pursue and develop opportunities and applications in the oil and gas industry while leveraging our respective products and capabilities. HAI Technologies has unique capabilities in a variety of subsea applications, including new and advanced chemical injection solutions for subsea oil production fields for which OPT’s PowerBuoy technology in general and the PB3 PowerBuoy in particular may enable the implementation of such solutions in a cost effective manner.

During the nine months ended January 31, 2017, we deployed the PB3-A1 PowerBuoy and deployed the commercial PB3 PowerBuoy. The PB3-A1 included a payload from the NDBC, under a CRADA to conduct ocean demonstrations of its innovative SCOOP monitoring system as well as a WCS tagged marine mammal migration pattern monitoring sensor. The WCS sensor was used in a first step to assess whether the PB3 could ultimately provide power to WCS’ sensors, transmit data, and provide real-time data communication for acoustic monitoring of the movements of marine wildlife in certain waters. In June 2016, we deployed the PB3-A1 off the coast of New Jersey. The SCOOP was powered by the PB3-A1, where it provided metocean data to OPT and to NDBC without issue throughout the duration of the deployment. The data collected by the WCS sensor was processed by WCS and indicated no issues in terms of compatibility of the sensor with the PowerBuoy, which prompted discussions between OPT and WCS regarding potentially integrating such sensors into the PB3 to provide power and real time communications to it, which may result in a future commercial solution. The PB3-A1was retrieved in October 2016 and is undergoing a full system update by incorporating the full commercial PTO to be brought up to full commercial status similar to the PB3.

During the nine months ended January 31, 2017, we progressed discussions with our Technical Advisory Panel members, made up of company representatives from the oil and gas industry as well as experts from academia, and conducted extensive business development meetings and other activities with potential customers and business partners. We also continued our accelerated life testing to further validate the reliability and durability of our PowerBuoys. 

Capital Raises

On June 2, 2016, we entered into a securities purchase agreement, which was amended on June 7, 2016 (as amended, the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional purchasers (the “June Purchasers”). Pursuant to the terms of the June Purchase Agreement, we sold an aggregate of 417,000 shares of Common Stock together with warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 145,952 shares of Common Stock. Each share of Common Stock was sold together with a warrant to purchase 0.35 of a share of Common Stock at a combined purchase price of $4.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the offering were approximately $1.7 million, after deducting placement agent fees and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company, but excluding the proceeds, if any, from the exercise of the warrants issued in the offering. The warrants have an exercise price of $6.08 per share, became exercisable on December 3, 2016 (“Initial Exercise Date”), and will expire five years following the Initial Exercise Date. 

On July 22, 2016, we entered into the Second Amendment to the Purchase Agreement (the “Second Amended Purchase Agreement”) with certain purchasers (the “July Purchasers”). Pursuant to the terms of the Second Amended Purchase Agreement, we sold an aggregate of 595,000 shares of Common Stock together with warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 178,500 shares of Common Stock. Each share of Common Stock was sold together with a warrant to purchase 0.30 of a share of Common Stock at a combined purchase price of $6.75. The net proceeds to the Company from the offering were approximately $3.6 million, after deducting placement agent fees and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company, but excluding the proceeds, if any, from the exercise of the warrants issued in the offering. The Warrants will be exercisable immediately at an exercise price of $9.36 per share. The Warrants will expire on the fifth (5th) anniversary of the initial date of issuance.

On October 19, 2016, we sold 2,760,000 shares of common stock at a price of $2.75 per share, which includes the sale of 360,000 shares of the Company’s common stock sold by the Company pursuant to the exercise, in full, of the over-allotment option by the underwriters in a public offering. The net proceeds to the Company from the offering were approximately $6.9 million, after deducting placement agent fees and offering expenses payable by the Company.

The sale of additional equity or convertible securities could result in dilution to our stockholders. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of debt securities or preferred stock, these securities could have rights senior to those associated with our common stock and could contain covenants that would restrict our operations. We do not have any committed sources of debt or equity financing and we cannot assure you that financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us when needed, or at all. If we are unable to obtain required financing when needed, we may be required to reduce the scope of our operations, including our planned product development and marketing efforts, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and operating results. If we are unable to secure additional financing, we may be forced to cease our operations.

Backlog

As of January 31, 2017 our backlog was approximately $0.5 million and on April 30, 2016, our backlog was negligible.

Our backlog can include both funded amounts, which are unfilled firm orders for our products and services for which funding has been both authorized and appropriated by the customer (U.S. Congress, in the case of U.S. Government agencies), and unfunded amounts, which are unfilled firm orders for which funding has not been appropriated. If any of our contracts were to be terminated, our backlog would be reduced by the expected value of the remaining terms of such contract. Our backlog was fully funded at January 31, 2017.

The amount of contract backlog is not necessarily indicative of future revenue because modifications to, or terminations of present contracts and production delays can provide additional revenue or reduce anticipated revenue. A substantial portion of our revenue has been for the support of our product development efforts. These revenues are recognized using the percentage-of-completion method, and changes in estimates from time to time may have a significant effect on revenue and backlog. Our backlog is also typically subject to large variations from time to time due to the timing of new awards.

Business Strategy

As part of our strategic pivot in operations initiated in fiscal 2015, we are currently focused on developing and commercializing our PowerBuoy products and services for use in autonomous power applications. Generally, these applications are independent of the power grid and are located in remote offshore locations. We have incorporated our prior knowledge and best practices into our product design and validation processes, some of which were gained during the development of utility scale buoys. Based on market research and available public data, we believe considerable business opportunities may exist in markets which require autonomous offshore power. Based on our market research and available public data, management believes that there is the potential for us to pursue business opportunities in multiple markets that would have a direct need for our PowerBuoys including oil and gas, ocean observing, defense and security, communications, and offshore wind.

Our business strategy is to commercialize our autonomous PowerBuoy products. In order to achieve this goal, we are pursuing the following business objectives:

Going Concern

The consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company experienced substantial and recurring losses from operations, which have contributed to an accumulated deficit of $184.8 million as of January 31, 2017. As of January 31, 2017, the Company had approximately $11.1 million in cash on hand. The Company generated revenues of $0.6 million for each of the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016. Based on the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities balances as of January 31, 2017, the Company believes that it will be able to finance its capital requirements and operations into the quarter ending January 31, 2018.

The report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our consolidated financial statements filed with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2016, contains an explanatory paragraph regarding our ability to continue as a going concern, based on, among other factors, that our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to raise additional external capital and increase revenues. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. The Company cannot provide assurances that it will be successful in its efforts to generate revenues, become profitable, raise additional outside capital or to continue as a going concern. If the Company is not successful in efforts to raise additional capital sufficient to support operations, the Company would be forced to cease operations, in which event investors would lose their entire investment in the Company.

Financial Operations Overview

The following describes certain line items in our statement of operations and some of the factors that affect our operating results.

Revenues

The Company’s contracts are either cost plus or fixed price contracts. Under cost plus contracts, customers are billed for actual expenses incurred plus an agreed-upon fee. Under cost plus contracts, a profit or loss on a project is recognized depending on whether actual costs are more or less than the agreed upon amount.

The Company has two types of fixed price contracts, firm fixed price and cost-sharing. Under firm fixed price contracts, the Company receives an agreed-upon amount for providing products and services specified in the contract, a profit or loss is recognized depending on whether actual costs are more or less than the agreed upon amount. Under cost-sharing contracts, the fixed amount agreed upon with the customer is only intended to fund a portion of the costs on a specific project. Under cost sharing contracts, an amount corresponding to the revenue is recorded in cost of revenues, resulting in gross profit on these contracts of zero. The Company’s share of the costs is recorded as product development expense.

Generally, revenue under fixed price or cost plus contracts is recognized using the percentage-of-completion method, measured by the ratio of costs incurred to total estimated costs at completion. In certain circumstances, revenue under contracts that have specified milestones or other performance criteria may be recognized only when the customer acknowledges that such criteria have been satisfied. If an arrangement involves multiple deliverables, the delivered items are considered separate units of accounting if the items have value on a stand-alone basis. Amounts allocated to each element are based on its objectively determined fair value, such as the sales price for the product or service when it is sold separately or competitor prices for similar products or services.

In addition, recognition of revenue (and the related costs) may be deferred for fixed price contracts until contract completion if the Company is unable to reasonably estimate the total costs of the project prior to completion. These contracts are subject to interpretation and management may make a judgment as to the amount of revenue earned and recorded. Because the Company has a small number of contracts, revisions to the percentage-of-completion determination, management interpretation or delays in meeting performance and contractual criteria or in completing projects may have a significant effect on revenue for the periods involved. Upon anticipating a loss on a contract, the Company recognizes the full amount of the anticipated loss in the current period.

A portion of the revenue during the three and nine months ended January 31, 2016 was from cost-sharing contracts.

The following table provides information regarding the breakdown of our revenues by customer for the three and nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016. 

We currently focus our sales and marketing efforts on North America, Europe, Australia and Japan. The following table shows the percentage of our revenues by geographical location of our customers for the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016.

Cost of revenues

Our cost of revenues consists primarily of incurred material, labor and manufacturing overhead expenses, such as engineering expense, equipment depreciation and maintenance and facility related expenses, and includes the cost of PowerBuoy parts and services supplied by third-party suppliers. Cost of revenues also includes PowerBuoy system delivery and deployment expenses and may include anticipated losses at completion on certain contracts. 

Our ability to generate a gross profit will depend on the nature of future contracts, our success at generating revenues through sales or leases of our PowerBuoy systems, the nature of our contracts generating revenues to fund our product development efforts, and our ability to manage costs incurred on fixed price commercial contracts.

Product development costs

Our product development costs consist of salaries and other personnel-related costs and the costs of products, materials and outside services used in our product development and unfunded research activities. Our product development costs relate primarily to our efforts to increase the power output and reliability of our PowerBuoy system, and to the development of new products, product applications and complementary technologies. We expense all of our product development costs as incurred. Over the next several years, it is our goal to fund the majority of our product development efforts with sources from commercial relationships, including cost-sharing agreements. If we are unable to obtain commercial relationships or cost-sharing arrangements, we may be forced to curtail our development expenses and scope to reduce our overall expenses. We recently narrowed our development focus to the PB3 to drive toward commercialization of that product and to reduce our overall expenses. In the future, we also may continue to develop the PB15 (formerly known as PB10) if we determine that future relationships warrant incurring the costs associated with such product development.

Selling, general and administrative costs

Our selling, general and administrative costs consist primarily of professional fees, salaries and other personnel-related costs for employees and consultants engaged in sales and marketing and support of our PowerBuoy systems and costs for executive, accounting and administrative personnel, professional fees and other general corporate expenses.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of our financial instruments reflects the amounts that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The fair value of our warrant liabilities are subject to remeasurement each financial statement reporting period, as such, changes in this fair value are reflected in the Statement of Operations.

Our financial instruments not required to be adjusted to fair value on a recurring basis consist principally of cash and restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses. We believe the carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.

Interest income, net

Interest income, net consists of interest received on cash and cash equivalents, investments in commercial bank-issued certificates of deposit and US Treasury bills and notes and interest expense paid on certain obligations to third parties. Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities were $11.4 million as of January 31, 2017, compared to $9.8 million as of January 31, 2016.

Foreign exchange gain (loss)

We transact business in various countries and have exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. Foreign exchange gains and losses arise in the translation of foreign-denominated assets and liabilities, which may result in realized and unrealized gains or losses from exchange rate fluctuations. Since we conduct our business in US dollars and our functional currency is the US dollar, our main foreign exchange exposure, if any, results from changes in the exchange rate between the US dollar and the British pound sterling, the Euro and the Australian dollar. Due to the macroeconomic pressures in certain European countries, foreign exchange rates may become more volatile in the future.

We may invest our foreign cash reserves in certificates of deposit and we maintain cash accounts that are denominated in British pounds sterling, Euros and Australian dollars. These foreign-denominated certificates of deposit and cash accounts had a balance of $1.3 million as of January 31, 2017, compared to our total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities balances of $11.4 million as of January 31, 2017. These foreign currency balances are translated at each month end to our functional currency, the US dollar, and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in our results of operations.

In addition, a portion of our operations is conducted through our subsidiaries in countries other than the United States, specifically Ocean Power Technologies Ltd. in the United Kingdom, the functional currency of which is the British pound sterling, and Ocean Power Technologies (Australasia) Pty Ltd. in Australia, the functional currency of which is the Australian dollar. Both of these subsidiaries have foreign exchange exposure that results from changes in the exchange rate between their functional currency and other foreign currencies in which they conduct business.

We currently do not hedge our exchange rate exposure. However, we assess the anticipated foreign currency working capital requirements and capital asset acquisitions of our foreign operations and attempt to maintain a portion of our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies sufficient to satisfy these anticipated requirements. We also assess the need and cost to utilize financial instruments to hedge currency exposures on an ongoing basis and may hedge against exchange rate exposure in the future.

Results of Operations

Three months ended January 31, 2017 compared to the three months ended January 31, 2016

The following table contains selected statement of operations information, which serves as the basis of the discussion of our results of operations for the three months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016.

Revenues

Revenues during the three months ended January 31, 2017 were 0.2 million, an increase of $0.2 million, as compared to the three months ended January 31, 2016. The increase in revenue is attributable to the MES and ONR agreements.

Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues during the three months ended January 31, 2017 were 0.4 million, an increase of $0.4 million, as compared to the three months ended January 31, 2016. The cost of revenues incurred during the three months ended January 31, 2017, were related to the MES and ONR projects. During the three months ended January 31, 2017, we incurred increased costs in connection with the MES project, which resulted in a gross loss for the three and nine months ended January 31, 2017.

Product development costs

Product development costs during the three months ended January 31, 2017 were 1.0 million, a decrease of $0.8 million, or 46%, as compared to the three months ended January 31, 2016. During the three months ended January 31, 2017, product development costs primarily related to the deployment of the commercial design PB3 PowerBuoy. During the three months ended January 31, 2016, product development costs reflected costs related to deployment of the legacy PB40 utility scale PowerBuoy.

Selling, general and administrative costs

Selling, general and administrative costs during the three months ended January 31, 2017 were 1.6 million, a decrease of $0.1 million, or 4%, as compared to the three months ended January 31, 2016. The decrease is primarily attributable to decreased legal costs, partially offset by an increase in equity compensation.

Loss on fair value of warrant liabilities

The loss on fair value of warrant liabilities during the three months ended January 31, 2017 was 0.1 million, attributable to the net fair market value at January 31, 2017. There were no such amounts during the three months ended January 31, 2016 as there were no warrant liabilities.

Interest income, net

Interest income, net during the three months ended January 31, 2017 was $24 thousand an increase of $23 thousand as compared to the three months ended January 31, 2016.

Foreign exchange loss

Foreign exchange loss during the three months ended January 31, 2017 was $26 thousand, a decrease of $0.2 million, or 86%, as compared to a loss of $0.2 million during the three months ended January 31, 2016. The difference was attributable primarily to the relative change in value of the British pound sterling, Euro and Australian dollar compared to the US dollar during the two periods.

Income tax benefit

During the three months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company sold New Jersey net operating loss carryforwards and research and development credits resulting in income tax benefits of $0.7 million and $1.7 million, respectively.

Nine months ended January 31, 2017 compared to the nine months ended January 31, 2016

The following table contains selected statement of operations information, which serves as the basis of the discussion of our results of operations for the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016.

Revenues

Revenues during each of the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016 were 0.6 million. During the nine months ended January 31, 2017, $0.5 million of revenue was attributable to the MES agreement, announced in June 2016, coupled with the $0.1 million attributable to the ONR contract, compared to revenue from our WavePort contract with the EU for our project in Spain and the billable work under our prior contracts with the DOE during the nine months ended January 31, 2016.

Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues during each of the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016 were $0.6 million. During the three months ended January 31, 2017 we incurred increased costs in connection with the MES project, which resulted in a gross loss for the three and nine months ended January 31, 2017.

Product development costs

Product development costs during the nine months ended January 31, 2017 were 3.9 million, a decrease of $1.5 million, or 28%, as compared to the nine months ended January 31, 2016. During the nine months ended January 31, 2017 product development costs were primarily attributable to the redeployment of the pre-commercial PB3, the deployment of the commercial design PB3 PowerBuoy and estimated costs related to the retrieval of the PB40 mooring system. During the nine months ended January 31, 2016 product development costs related to the deployment of the legacy PB40 utility scale PowerBuoy as well as costs related to the redesigned commercial PB3.

Selling, general and administrative costs

Selling, general and administrative costs during the nine months ended January 31, 2017 were $4.9 million, a decrease of $0.6 million, or 10%, as compared to the nine months ended January 31, 2016. The decrease is primarily attributable to increased overhead costs absorbed into revenue producing projects and product development, and lower legal expense, partially offset by increased equity compensation expense.

Gain on fair value of warrant liabilities

The gain on fair value of warrant liabilities during the nine months ended January 31, 2017 was $1.2 million attributable to the net fair market value at January 31, 2017. There were no such amounts during the nine months ended January 31, 2016 as there were no warrant liabilities.

Interest income, net

Interest income, net during the nine months ended January 31, 2017 was $26 thousand, an increase of $16 thousand as compared to the nine months ended January 31, 2016.

Other income

During the nine months ended January 31, 2016, the Company received a refund of $0.2 million related to research and development expenditures in Australia. There were no such amounts during the nine months ended January 31, 2017.

Foreign exchange loss

Foreign exchange loss during the nine months ended January 31, 2017 was $20 thousand, a decrease of $0.2 million compared to the nine months ended January 31, 2016. The difference was primarily attributable to the relative change in value of the British pound sterling, Euro and Australian dollar compared to the US dollar during the two periods.

Income tax benefit

During the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company sold New Jersey net operating loss carryforwards and research and development credits resulting in income tax benefits of $0.7 million and $1.7 million, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Since our inception, the cash flows from customer revenues have not been sufficient to fund our operations and provide the capital resources for the planned growth of our business. For the two years ended April 30, 2016, our aggregate revenues were $4.8 million, our aggregate net losses were $26.3 million and our aggregate net cash used in operating activities was $28.1 million. Refer to “Liquidity Outlook” below for additional information. 

Net cash used in operating activities

Net cash flows used in operating activities during the nine months ended January 31, 2017 were $7.6 million, a decrease of $0.5 million compared to $8.1 million during the nine months ended January 31, 2016. The decrease was primarily related to decreased cash out flows for product development costs of $1.7 million, selling, general and administrative costs of $0.4 million, and stock compensation expense of $0.2 million coupled with the proceeds received from the Spanish Tax authorities as a result of the conclusion of the tax inquiry of $0.2 million. These items were partially offset by $1.0 million of decreased proceeds related to the NOL sales, decreased revenue receipts of $0.5 million, litigation settlement payment totaling $0.5 million and a refund received related to research and development expenditures in Australia of $0.2 million during the nine months ended January 31, 2016.

Net cash provided by investing activities

Net cash provided by investing activities during the nine months ended January 31, 2017 of $29 thousand, primarily related to maturities of marketable securities of $75 thousand, partially offset by purchase of marketable securities of $25 thousand and purchases of fixed asset equipment of $22 thousand.

Net cash provided by investing activities during the nine months ended January 31, 2016 of $0.1 million, primarily related to an increase in restricted cash balances of $0.1 million and maturities of marketable securities of $25 thousand, partially offset by purchases of fixed asset equipment of $24 thousand.

Net cash provided by financing activities

Net cash provided by financing activities during the nine months ended January 31, 2017 of $12.0 million, primarily related to proceeds from the sale of common stock, net of issuance costs, totaling $12.2 million, partially offset by the acquisition of treasury stock related to the payment of employee taxes of $0.1 million and debt payments of $0.1 million.

Net cash provided by financing activities during the nine months ended January 31, 2016 of $0.1 million, primarily related to proceeds from the sale of common stock, net of issuance costs, totaling $0.2 million, partially offset by debt payments of $0.1 million.

Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

The effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents was a decrease of $55 thousand and $85 thousand in the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents results primarily from gains or losses on consolidation of foreign subsidiaries and foreign denominated cash and cash equivalents.

Liquidity Outlook

Our financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. We have experienced substantial and recurring losses from operations, which have contributed to an accumulated deficit of $184.8 million at January 31, 2017. As of January 31, 2017, we had approximately $11.1 million in cash on hand. In addition, as of January 31, 2017, our restricted cash balance was approximately $0.3 million. The Company generated revenues of $0.6 million during each of the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016. Based on the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities balances as of January 31, 2017, the Company believes that it will be able to finance its capital requirements and operations into the quarter ending January 31, 2018. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

We expect to devote substantial resources to continue our development efforts for our PowerBuoys and to expand our sales, marketing and manufacturing programs associated with the planned commercialization of the PowerBuoys. Our future capital requirements will depend on a number of factors, including but not limited to:

Our business is capital intensive and, to date, we have been funding our business principally through sales of our securities, and we expect to continue to fund our business with sales of our securities and, to a limited extent, with our revenues until, if ever, we generate sufficient cash flow to internally fund our business. This is largely a result of the high product development costs associated with our product development. We may choose to reduce our operating expenses through personnel reductions, and reductions in our research and development and other operating costs during the remainder of fiscal year 2017, if we are not successful in our efforts to raise additional capital. We cannot assure you that we will be able to increase our revenues and cash flow to a level which would support our operations and provide sufficient funds to pay our obligations for the foreseeable future. Further, we cannot assure you that we will be able to secure additional financing or raise additional capital or, if we are successful in our efforts to raise additional capital, of the terms and conditions upon which any such financing would be extended. If we are unable to raise additional capital when needed or generate positive cash flow, it is unlikely that we will be able to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Since inception, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet financing activities.

Not applicable.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of January 31, 2017 pursuant to Rules 13a-15(b) or 15d-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on such evaluation, management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of January 31, 2017 to ensure that non-financial statement and related disclosure information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Shareholder Litigation and Demands 

The Company and its former Chief Executive Officer Charles Dunleavy were named as defendants in consolidated securities class action lawsuits that were pending in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey captioned In Re: Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. Securities Litigation, Civil Action No. 14-3799 (FLW) (LHG).

On May 5, 2016, the parties entered into a Stipulation and Agreement of Class Settlement (“Stipulation”) in which they agreed to a settlement of the consolidated securities class action lawsuits, subject to Court approval. The Stipulation provides, among other things, for a settlement payment by or on behalf of the Company of $3.0 million in cash, of which the Company would pay $0.5 million and the Company’s insurer will pay $2.5 million, and the issuance by the Company of 380,000 shares (valued at $0.6 million on the date the Stipulation was signed by the parties) of its Common Stock to the class members. In connection with the settlement, the parties have agreed to execute mutually agreeable releases. The amounts agreed in the Stipulation, including the amount to be contributed by our insurance carrier, were reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements as of April 30, 2016. In July 2016, the Company paid the $0.5 million portion of the settlement and the remaining balance of $2.5 million was paid by the Company’s insurer in August 2016. On November 14, 2016, the Court held its previously scheduled Settlement Hearing to consider whether to grant final approval of the settlement, and on November 15, 2016, the Court issued its Final Judgment approving the settlement and dismissing the proceeding with prejudice. The 380,000 shares of common stock were issued on November 22, 2016. The time to file an appeal from the Final Judgment has expired without any appeal being filed.  

The Company and certain of its current and former directors and officers are defendants in a derivative lawsuit filed on March 18, 2015 in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey captioned Labare v. Dunleavy, et. al., Case No. 3:15-cv-01980-FLW-LHG. The derivative complaint alleges claims for breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement and unjust enrichment relating to the now terminated agreement between Victorian Wave Partners Pty. Ltd. (VWP) and the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) for the development of a wave power station. The derivative complaint seeks unspecified monetary damages and other relief.

On July 10, 2015, a second derivative lawsuit, captioned Rywolt v. Dunleavy, et al., Case No. 3:15-cv-05469, was filed by another shareholder against the same defendants in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey alleging similar claims for breach of fiduciary duty, gross mismanagement, abuse of control, and unjust enrichment relating to the now terminated agreement between VWP and ARENA. The Rywolt complaint also seeks unspecified monetary damages and other relief.

On April 21, 2016, a third derivative lawsuit, captioned LaCalamito v. Dunleavy, et al., Case No. 3:16-cv-02249, was filed by another shareholder against certain current and former directors and officers of the Company in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey alleging similar claims for breach of fiduciary duty relating to the now terminated agreement between VWP and ARENA. The LaCalamito complaint seeks unspecified monetary damages and other relief.

On June 9, 2016, a fourth derivative lawsuit, captioned Pucillo v. Dunleavy, et al., was filed by another shareholder against certain current and former directors and officers of the Company in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey alleging similar claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and abuse of control relating to the now terminated agreement between VWP and ARENA. The Pucillo complaint seeks unspecified monetary damages and other relief.

On October 25, 2016, the Court approved and entered a Stipulation and Order that, among other things, (i) consolidated the four derivative actions; (ii) identified plaintiff Pucillo as the lead plaintiff in the consolidated actions; and (iii) stayed the consolidated actions pending the settlement hearing scheduled for November 14, 2016 in the securities class action and further order of the Court. Defendants have not responded to the consolidated derivative actions because the actions remain stayed pending further order from the Court.

The Company and certain of its current directors are defendants in a lawsuit filed by an alleged shareholder in the Superior Court of New Jersey, Mercer County Chancery Division on January 25, 2016, captioned Stern v. Ocean Power Technologies, Inc., et al., Civil Action No. C-5-16. The complaint alleges that certain provisions of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws providing that the Company’s directors may be removed only for cause and only by an affirmative vote of at least 75% of the votes which all the stockholders would be entitled to cast in any annual election of directors are invalid under Section 141(k) of the Delaware General Corporation Law. The Complaint asserts a breach of fiduciary claim against the director defendants and a declaratory judgment claim against all defendants seeking, among other things, to invalidate the current provisions and declare that the Company’s directors may be removed and replaced without cause and by a simple majority vote. The Complaint seeks declaratory and injunctive relief as well as unspecified costs and attorneys’ fees. By Unanimous Written Consent dated June 17, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors amended the Company’s By-laws to delete the “only for cause” requirement, thereby allowing for removal of directors with or without cause by the Company’s stockholders. In addition, the Board proposed, subject to approval by the Company’s stockholders at the next annual general meeting of stockholders, a similar amendment to the director removal provision in the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation. On June 22, 2016, the parties to the lawsuit submitted a Stipulation and Proposed Order Staying Proceedings that (1) stays the case pending the stockholder vote on the proposed amendment to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation; (2) provides for dismissal of the action with prejudice if the stockholders approve the amendment, subject to plaintiff’s right to make a fee application to the court and defendants’ right to oppose any such application; and (3) provides for the stay to be lifted and the action to resume, without waiver of any parties’ rights, if the stockholders do not approve the amendment. The Court approved the Stipulation on June 30, 2016. On September 2, 2016, the Company filed a definitive proxy statement with the SEC which includes this proposal. At the annual shareholder meeting on October 21, 2016, the proposal was not approved because an insufficient number of votes were cast to satisfy the requirement that the proposal be approved by the holders of at least 75% of the outstanding shares of common stock entitled to vote at the meeting.  However, stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation to add a provision which requires that any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation that is contrary to a requirement of the Delaware General Corporate Law shall be read in conformity with the applicable requirement of the Delaware General Corporate Law. The parties have agreed that the case shall remain stayed until further steps, if any, can be agreed to and taken as needed.

Employment Litigation

On June 10, 2014, the Company announced that it had terminated Charles Dunleavy as its Chief Executive Officer and as an employee of the Company for cause, effective June 9, 2014, and that Mr. Dunleavy had also been removed from his position as Chairman of the Board of Directors. On June 17, 2014, Mr. Dunleavy wrote to the Company stating that he had retained counsel to represent him in connection with an alleged wrongful termination of his employment. On July 28, 2014, Mr. Dunleavy resigned from the Board and the boards of directors of the Company's subsidiaries. The Company and Mr. Dunleavy have agreed to suspend his alleged employment claims pending resolution of the shareholder litigation, and have since agreed to continue the suspension pending resolution of the derivatives litigation.

Except for the Stipulation noted previously, we have not established any provision for losses relating to these claims and pending litigation. Due to the stages of these proceedings, and considering the inherent uncertainty of these claims and litigation, at this time we are not able to predict or reasonably estimate whether we have any possible loss exposure or the ultimate outcome of these claims.

(b) Regulatory Matters

SEC Investigation

On February 4, 2015, the Company received a subpoena from the SEC requesting information related to the VWP Project. The Company has provided information to the SEC in response to that subpoena. As part of the same investigation, on July 12, 2016, the SEC issued a second subpoena requesting information related to the Company’s April 4, 2014 public offering. The Company has provided information to the SEC in response to that subpoena. The SEC investigation is ongoing and the Company continues to cooperate with the SEC in its investigation. We are unable to predict what action, if any, might be taken by the SEC or its staff as a result of this investigation or what impact, if any, the cost of responding to the SEC’s investigation or its ultimate outcome might have on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. We have not established any provision for losses relating to this matter.

Spain IVA (sales tax)

In June 2012, the Company received notice that the Spanish tax authorities are inquiring into its 2010 IVA (value-added tax) filing for which the Company benefitted from the offset of approximately $0.3 million of input tax. The Company believes that the inquiry will find that the tax credit was properly claimed and, therefore, no liability has been recorded. The Company issued two letters of credit in the amount of €0.3 million ($0.3 million) at the request of the Spanish tax authorities. As of January 31, 2017 the Company has received $0.2 million from the Spanish Tax authorities as a result of the conclusion of the inquiry.

Spain Income Tax Audit

We are currently undergoing an income tax audit in Spain for the period from 2008 to 2014, when our Spanish branch was closed. The branch reported net operating losses for each of the years reported. We have not established any provision for losses related to this matter.

The discussion of our business and operations should be read together with the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2016 and set forth below in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These risk factors describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are or may become subject. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies or prospects in a material and adverse manner. There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on July 15, 2016 and our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 31, 2016, except as discussed below.

Our auditors have raised substantial doubts as to our ability to continue as a going concern.

Our financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. Due to the significant product development costs associated with our business and operations, we have experienced substantial and recurring losses from operations, which have contributed to an accumulated deficit of $184.8 million as of January 31, 2017. As of January 31, 2017, the Company had approximately $11.1 million in cash on hand. The Company generated revenues of $0.6 million during each of the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and 2016. We generated revenues of only $0.7 million in fiscal 2016, and $4.1 million in fiscal 2015. Based on the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities balances as of January 31, 2017, the Company believes that it will be able to finance its capital requirements and operations into the quarter ending January 31, 2018. We continue to experience operating losses and currently have only two revenue producing contracts.

During the nine months ended January 31, 2017, our net burn rate (cash used in operations less cash generated by operations) including product development spending was approximately $0.9 million per month, excluding $0.5 million cash paid in relation to the litigation settlement and $0.7 million cash received from the sale of the New Jersey net operating loss carryforwards.

Our business is capital intensive and, to date, we have been funding our business principally through sales of our securities, and we expect to continue to fund our business with sales of our securities and, to a limited extent, with our revenues until, if ever, we generate sufficient cash flow to internally fund our business. This is a largely a result of the high product development costs associated with our product development. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. We anticipate that our operating expenses will be approximately $12.0 million in fiscal 2017. Through the nine months ended January 31, 2017, the Company has already incurred approximately $8.8 million in such operating costs. We may choose to reduce our operating expenses through personnel reductions, and reductions in our research and development and other operating costs during fiscal year 2017, if we are not successful in our efforts to raise additional capital. We cannot assure you that we will be able to increase our revenues and cash flow to a level which would support our operations and provide sufficient funds to pay our obligations for the foreseeable future. Further, we cannot assure you that we will be able to secure additional financing or raise additional capital or, if we are successful in our efforts to raise additional capital, of the terms and conditions upon which any such financing would be extended. If we are unable to meet our obligations, we would be forced to cease operations, in which event investors would lose their entire investment in our company.

We have a history of operating losses and may not achieve or maintain profitability and positive cash flow. 

We have incurred net losses since we began operations in 1994, including net losses attributable to Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. of $6.9 million during the nine months ended January 31, 2017 and $13.1 million in fiscal 2016. As of January 31, 2017, we had an accumulated deficit of $184.8 million. To date, our activities have consisted primarily of activities related to the development and testing of our technologies and our PowerBuoy. Thus, our losses to date have resulted primarily from costs incurred in our research and development programs and from our selling, general and administrative costs. As we continue to develop our proprietary technologies, we expect to continue to have a net use of cash from operating activities unless or until we achieve positive cash flow from the commercialization of our products and services. 

We do not know whether we will be able to successfully commercialize our PowerBuoys, or whether we can achieve profitability. There is significant uncertainty about our ability to successfully commercialize our PowerBuoys in our targeted markets. Even if we do achieve commercialization of our PowerBuoy and become profitable, we may not be able to achieve or, if achieved, sustain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.

We may not be able to raise sufficient capital to continue to operate our business.

Historically, we have funded our business operations through sales of equity securities. We do not know whether we will be able to secure additional equity funding or, if secured, whether the terms will be favorable to us or our investors. Our ability to obtain additional funding will be subject to a number of factors, including market conditions, our operating performance, pending litigation and investor sentiment. These factors may make additional funding unavailable, or the timing, amount, terms and conditions of additional funding unattractive. If we issue additional equity securities to raise capital, our existing stockholders would experience dilution or may be subordinated to any rights, preferences or privileges granted to the new equity holders.

We have filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the SEC registering the sale of up to $15,000,000 of debt, equity and other securities (the “Shelf Registration Statement”), which was declared effective on April 26, 2016. In June 2016, we completed an offering off of the Shelf Registration Statement of an aggregate of 417,000 shares of common stock together with warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 145,952 shares of common stock. In July 2016, we completed a best efforts public offering off of the Shelf Registration Statement of 595,000 units, with each unit consisting of one share of common stock and 0.3 of a warrant to purchase one share of our common stock, for a total of 178,500 warrants.

On October 19, 2016, we sold 2,760,000 shares of common stock at a price of $2.75 per share, which includes the sale of 360,000 shares of the Company’s common stock sold by the Company pursuant to the exercise, in full, of the over-allotment option by the underwriters in a public offering. The net proceeds to the Company from the offering were approximately $6.9 million, after deducting placement agent fees and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company, but excluding the proceeds, if any, from the exercise of the warrants issued in the offering. We are using the net proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes, which may include additional development, testing and demonstrations of our PowerBuoy system with the goal of furthering and accelerating its commercialization efforts and expanding its sales and marketing functions.

Future sales under the Shelf Registration Statement or other sales of equity or convertible securities could be dilutive to our stockholders. We cannot assure you that we will be able to issue any such securities or, if issued, what the terms of those securities would be. In particular, any new securities issued could have rights senior to those associated with our common stock and could contain covenants that would restrict our operations. Should the financing we require to sustain our working capital needs be unavailable or prohibitively expensive when we require it, our business, operating results, financial condition and prospects could be materially and adversely affected and we may be unable to continue our operations.

The following table details the Company’s share repurchases during the quarter:  

(1) Represents shares delivered back to the Company by employees to pay taxes related to the vesting of restricted shares.

None.

Not applicable.

None.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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