Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2021 July (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the Quarterly Period Ended July 31, 2021

Or

For the Transition Period From ______to______

Commission file number: 001-33417

OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

28 ENGELHARD DRIVE, SUITE B, MONROE TOWNSHIP, NJ 08831

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Including Zip Code)

(609) 730-0400

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Emerging growth company ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

As of September 13, 2021, the number of outstanding shares of common stock of the registrant was 52,458,011.

OCEAN POWER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

INDEX TO FORM 10-Q

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

We have made statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements convey our current expectations or forecasts of future events. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding our future financial position, business strategy, pending, threatened, and current litigation, liquidity, budgets, projected costs, plans and objectives of management for future operations. The words “may,” “continue,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “will,” “believe,” “project,” “expect,” “anticipate”, and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking.

The forward-looking statements contained in or incorporated by reference are largely based on our expectations, which reflect estimates and assumptions made by our management. These estimates and assumptions reflect our best judgment based on currently known market conditions and other factors. Although we believe such estimates and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently uncertain and involve several risks and uncertainties that are beyond our control, including:

Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this report may turn out to be inaccurate. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. They may be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or unknown risks and uncertainties, including the risks, uncertainties and assumptions described in Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2021, and in our subsequent reports under the Exchange Act. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this report may not occur as contemplated and actual results could differ materially from those anticipated or implied by the forward-looking statements.

Many of these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. These factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the general or specific factors that may affect us. You should not unduly rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this filing. Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or future events or otherwise.

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in $000’s, except share data)

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in $000’s, except per share data)

Unaudited

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(in $000’s)

Unaudited

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(in $000’s, except share data)

Unaudited

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in $000’s)

Unaudited

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(1) Background, Basis of Presentation and Liquidity

Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) was founded in 1984 in New Jersey, commenced business operations in 1994 and re-incorporated in Delaware in 2007. We are a complete solutions provider, controlling the design, manufacturing, sales, installation, operations and maintenance of our products while working closely with partners that provide payloads, integration services, and marine installation capabilities. Our solutions provide distributed offshore power which is persistent, reliable, and economical along with power and communications for remote surface and subsea applications. Historically, funding from government agencies, such as research and development grants, accounted for a significant portion of the Company’s revenues. Today our goal is to generate the majority of our revenue from the sale or lease of products and solutions, and sales of services to support our business operations. As we continue to develop and commercialize our products and services, we expect to have a net decrease in cash due to the use of cash from operating activities unless and until we achieve positive cash flow from the commercialization of products, solutions and services.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and for interim financial information in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The interim operating results are not necessarily indicative of the results for a full year or for any other interim period. Further information on potential factors that could affect the Company’s financial results can be found in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2021, as filed with the SEC and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. Certain items have been reclassified from prior periods to be consistent with current GAAP presentations.

For the three months ended July 31, 2021, and the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, the Company incurred net losses of approximately $3.1 million and $14.8 million, respectively, and used cash in operations of approximately $5.3 million and $11.7 million, respectively. The Company has continued to make investments in ongoing product development efforts in anticipation of future growth. The Company’s future results of operations involve significant risks and uncertainties. Factors that could affect the Company’s future operating results and cause actual results to vary materially from expectations include, but are not limited to, performance of its products, its ability to market and commercialize its products and new products that it may develop, technology development, scalability of technology and production, dependence on skills of key personnel, concentration of customers and suppliers, deployment risks and integration of acquisitions, pending or threatened litigation, and the impact of COVID-19 on its business. The Company obtained equity financing through its At the Market Offering Agreement with A.G.P/Alliance Global Partners (“AGP”) and through its equity line financing with Aspire Capital, but the Company cannot be sure that additional equity and/or debt financing will be available to the Company as needed on acceptable terms, or at all. Management believes the Company’s current cash balance of $77.7 million is sufficient to fund its planned expenditures through at least September 2022.

On January 7, 2019, the Company entered into the 2019 ATM Facility with AGP, under which the Company may issue and sell to or through AGP, acting as agent and/or principal, shares of the Company’s common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $25.0 million. From inception of the program through its termination on December 8, 2020, under the 2019 ATM Facility, the Company sold and issued an aggregate of 17,595,472 shares of its common stock with an aggregate market value of $23.4 million at an average price of $1.33 per share, including 12,342,506 shares in fiscal year 2021 with an aggregate market value of $18.7 million at an average price of $1.51 per share and paid AGP a sales commission of approximately $0.8 million related to those shares. The agreement was fully utilized and terminated on December 8, 2020.

On November 20, 2020, the Company entered into an At the Market Offering Agreement with AGP (the “2020 ATM Facility”), having capacity up to $100.0 million. On December 4, 2020, the Company filed a prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission whereby, the Company could issue and sell to or through AGP, acting as agent and/or principal, shares of the Company’s common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million. From inception of the 2020 ATM Facility through July 31, 2021, the Company had sold and issued an aggregate of 17,179,883 shares of its common stock with an aggregate market value of $50.0 million at an average price of $2.91 per share and paid AGP a sales commission of approximately $1.6 million related to those shares. A prospectus supplement would need to be filed for the Company to sell an additional amount under the 2020 ATM Facility.

Equity Line Common Stock Purchase Agreements

On October 24, 2019, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital which provided that, subject to certain terms, conditions and limitations, Aspire Capital was committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $10.0 million shares of the Company’s common stock over a 30-month period. Through September 18, 2020, the Company had sold an aggregate of 6,424,205 shares of common stock with an aggregate market value of $4.0 million at an average price of $0.63 per share pursuant to this common stock purchase agreement, including 5,025,000 shares in fiscal year 2021 with an aggregate market value of $2.9 million at an average price of $0.57 per share. The agreement was fully utilized and terminated on September 18, 2020.

On September 18, 2020, the Company entered into a new common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital which provided that, subject to certain terms, conditions and limitations, Aspire Capital was committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $12.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock over a 30-month period subject to a limit of 19.99% of the outstanding common stock on the date of the agreement if the price did not exceed a specified price in the agreement. The number of shares the Company could issue within the 19.99% limit was 3,722,251 shares without shareholder approval. Shareholder approval was received at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders on December 23, 2020 for the sale of 9,864,706 additional shares of common stock which exceeds the 19.99% limit of the outstanding common stock on the date of the agreement. Through July 31, 2021, the Company had sold an aggregate of 3,722,251 shares of common stock with an aggregate market value of $11.8 million at an average price of $3.17 per share pursuant to this common stock purchase agreement with approximately $1.0 million remaining on the facility as of July 31, 2021.

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

(b) Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management of the Company to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, among other items, estimated costs to complete projects and percentage of completion of customer contracts for purposes of revenue recognition. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(c) Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Security Agreements

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company invests excess cash in a money market account. The following table summarizes cash and cash equivalents as of July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021:

 Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents

Restricted Cash and Security Agreements

The Company has a letter of credit agreement with Santander Bank, N.A. (“Santander”). Cash of $157,000 is on deposit at Santander and serves as security for a letter of credit issued by Santander for the lease of warehouse/office space in Monroe Township, New Jersey. This agreement cannot be extended beyond July 31, 2025 and is cancelable at the discretion of the bank.

Santander also issued two letters of credit to subsidiaries of Enel Green Power (“EGP”) pursuant to the Company’s contracts with EGP. The first letter of credit was issued in the amount of $126,000 that will be released 12 months after the PB3 PowerBuoy^® (“PB3”) is fully deployed. The second letter of credit was issued in the amount of $645,000 and reduced to $323,000 in August 2020. The second letter of credit will be reduced by $64,000 once the PB3 is fully deployed and passes final acceptance testing. The remaining restricted amount of $258,000 will be released 12 months after the buoy is fully deployed.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets that total to the same amounts shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

 Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

(d) Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist principally of accounts receivable and cash and cash equivalents. The Company believes that its credit risk is limited because the Company’s current contracts are with companies with strong financial strength. The Company invests its excess cash in a money market account and does not believe that it is exposed to any significant risks related to its cash and money market accounts. Cash and cash equivalents are also maintained at foreign financial institutions. Cash and cash equivalents in foreign financial institutions as of July 31, 2021 was $0.3 million.

The table below shows the amount of the Company’s revenues derived from customers whose revenues accounted for at least 10% of the Company’s consolidated revenues for at least one of the periods indicated:

 Schedule of Revenue by Major Customers by Reporting Segments

(e) Share-Based Compensation

Costs resulting from all share-based payment transactions are recognized in the consolidated financial statements at their fair values. The following table summarizes share-based compensation related to the Company’s share-based plans by expense category for the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020:

 Schedule of Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs

(f) Revenue Recognition

A performance obligation is the unit of account for revenue recognition. The Company assesses the goods or services promised in a contract with a customer and identifies as a performance obligation either: a) a good or service (or a bundle of goods or services) that is distinct; or b) a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and that have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. A contract may contain a single or multiple performance obligations. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contracted transaction price to each performance obligation based upon the relative standalone selling price, which represents the price the Company would sell a promised good or service separately to a customer. The Company determines the standalone selling price based upon the facts and circumstances of each obligated good or service. The majority of the Company’s contracts have no observable standalone selling price since the associated products and services are customized to customer specifications. As such, the standalone selling price generally reflects the Company’s forecast of the total cost to satisfy the performance obligation plus an appropriate profit margin.

The nature of the Company’s contracts may give rise to several types of variable consideration, including unpriced change orders and liquidated damages and penalties. Variable consideration can also arise from modifications to the scope of services. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur once the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include such amounts in the transaction price are based largely on our assessment of legal enforceability, performance, and any other information (historical, current, and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. There was no variable consideration as of July 31, 2021 and 2020. The Company presents shipping and handling costs, that occur after control of the promised goods or services transfer to the customer, as fulfillment costs rather than evaluating whether the shipping and handling activities are promised services to the customer.

The Company recognizes revenue when or as it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring a good or service to a customer, either (1) at a point in time or (2) over time. A good or service is transferred when, or as, the customer obtains control. The evaluation of whether control of each performance obligation is transferred at a point in time or over time is made at contract inception. Input measures such as costs incurred or time elapsed are utilized to assess progress against specific contractual performance obligations for the Company’s services. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the services to be provided. For the Company, the input method using costs incurred or time elapsed best represents the measure of progress against the performance obligations incorporated within the contractual agreements. If estimated total costs on any contract project a loss, the Company charges the entire estimated loss to operations in the period the loss becomes known. The cumulative effect of revisions to revenue, estimated costs to complete contracts, including penalties, incentive awards, change orders, claims, anticipated losses, and others are recorded in the accounting period in which the events indicating a loss are known and the loss can be reasonably estimated. These loss projects are re-assessed for each subsequent reporting period until the project is complete. Such revisions could occur at any time and the effects may be material.

The Company’s contracts are either cost plus or fixed price contracts. Under cost plus contracts, customers are billed for actual expenses incurred plus an agreed-upon fee. Under cost plus contracts, a profit or loss on a project is recognized depending on whether actual costs are more or less than the agreed upon amount.

The Company has two types of fixed price contracts, firm fixed price and cost-sharing. Under firm fixed price contracts, the Company receives an agreed-upon amount for providing products and services specified in the contract, a profit or loss is recognized depending on whether actual costs are more or less than the agreed upon amount. Under cost-sharing contracts, the fixed amount agreed upon with the customer is only intended to fund a portion of the costs on a specific project. Under cost sharing contracts, an amount corresponding to the revenue is recorded in cost of revenues, resulting in gross profit on these contracts of zero. The Company’s share of the costs is recorded as product development expense. The Company reports its disaggregation of revenue by contract type since this method best represents the Company’s business. For the three-month periods ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, all of the Company’s contracts were classified as firm fixed price.

As of July 31, 2021, the Company’s total remaining performance obligations, also referred to as backlog, totaled $0.4 million. The Company expects to recognize 100%, or $0.4 million, of the remaining performance obligations as revenue over the next twelve months.

The Company also enters into lease arrangements for its PB3 with certain customers. Revenue related to multiple-element arrangements is allocated to lease and non-lease elements based on their relative standalone selling prices or expected cost plus a margin approach. Lease elements generally include a PB3 and components, while non-lease elements generally include engineering, monitoring and support services. In the lease arrangement, the customer is provided an option to extend the lease term or purchase the leased PB3 at some point during and/or at the end of the lease term.

Products and Solutions Leasing

The Company enters into lease arrangements with certain customers for their products and solutions. As of July 31, 2021, the Company had one lease arrangement with a remaining operating lease term of less than 10 months. Revenue related to multiple-element arrangements is allocated to lease and non-lease elements based on their relative standalone selling prices or expected cost plus a margin approach. Lease elements generally include a PB3 and components, while non-lease elements generally include engineering, monitoring and support services. In the lease arrangement, the customer is provided an option to extend the lease term or purchase the leased PB3 at some point during and/or at the end of the lease term.

The Company classifies leases as either operating or financing in accordance with the authoritative accounting guidance contained within ASC Topic 842, “Leases”. At inception of the contract, the Company evaluates the lease against the lease classification criteria within ASC Topic 842. If the direct financing or sales-type classification criteria are met, then the lease is accounted for as a finance lease. All others are treated as operating leases.

The Company recognizes revenue from operating lease arrangements generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term which is presented in Revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The lease income for the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020 was immaterial.

(g) Net Loss per Common Share

Basic and diluted net loss per common share for all periods presented is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. The pre-funded warrants were determined to be common stock equivalents and have been included in the weighted average number of shares outstanding for calculation of the basic earnings per share number. Due to the Company’s net losses, potentially dilutive securities, consisting of options to purchase shares of common stock, warrants on common stock and unvested restricted stock issued to employees and non-employee directors, were excluded from the diluted loss per common share calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect.

In computing diluted net loss per common share on the Consolidated Statement of Operations, warrants on common stock, options to purchase shares of common stock and non-vested restricted stock issued to employees and non-employee directors, totaling 5,243,647 and 5,564,404 for the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, were excluded from each of the computations as the effect would be anti-dilutive due to the Company’s net losses.

(h) Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This amendment replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses on instruments within its scope, including trade receivables. This update is intended to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses. In November 2019, the FASB issued No. 2019-10, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842), which deferred the effective date of ASU 2016-13 for Smaller Reporting Companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

(3) Account Receivable and Contract Assets

The following provides further details on the balance sheet accounts of accounts receivable and contract assets from contracts with customers:

 Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

Accounts Receivable

The Company grants credit to its customers, generally without collateral, under normal payment terms (typically 30 to 60 days after invoicing). Generally, invoicing occurs after the related services are performed or control of goods have transferred to the customer. Accounts receivable represent an unconditional right to consideration arising from the Company’s performance under contracts with customers. The carrying value of such receivables represents their estimated realizable value.

Contract Assets

Significant changes in the contract assets balances during the period were as follows:

 Schedule of Significant Changes in Contract assets and Contract Liabilities

Contract assets include unbilled amounts typically resulting from arrangements whereby the right to payment is conditioned on completing additional tasks or services for a performance obligation.

(4) Other Current Assets

Other current assets consisted of the following at July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021:

 Schedule of Other Current Assets

(5) Property and Equipment, net

The components of property and equipment, net as of July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021 consisted of the following:

 Schedule of Components of Property and Equipment

Depreciation expense was approximately $40,000 and $37,000 for the three-month periods ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

(6) Leases

Lessor Information

As of July 31, 2021, the Company has one lease which has been classified as an operating lease per accounting guidance contained within ASC Topic 842,” Leases”. The Company’s remaining term on this operating lease is less than 10 months. The maturity of lease payments remaining on this lease is immaterial.

Lessee Information

The Company has one lease for its facility located in Monroe Township, New Jersey that is used as warehouse/production space and the Company’s principal offices and corporate headquarters. The initial lease term is for 7 years which is set to expire in November of 2024 with an option to extend the lease for another 5 years. The lease is classified as an operating lease. The operating lease is included in right-of-use assets, lease liabilities- current and lease liabilities- long-term on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company also has one lease located in Houston, Texas that was acquired as part of the 3Dent acquisition that is used as office space. The lease term is for 3 years, and is set to expire in January of 2023. The lease is classified as an operating lease, and included in the right-of-use assets, lease liabilities- current and lease liabilities- long-term on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company has one lease for additional office space also located in Houston, Texas. The lease was renewed for a 12-month term ending on June 30, 2022. As the lease term is 12 months, the asset was recognized directly to the profit and loss statement on a straight-line basis under ASC 842-20-25-2 and was not recognized as a right-of-use asset.

Right-of-use asset and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. When the implicit rate of the lease is not provided or cannot be determined, the Company uses the incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the effective date to determine the present value of future payments. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise those options. The renewal options have not been included in the lease term as they are not reasonably certain of exercise. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight- line basis over the lease term and consists of interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right of use asset. Variable lease expenses, if any, are recorded as incurred.

The operating lease cash flow payments for the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020 were $102,000 and $83,000, respectively.

The components of lease expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

Schedule of Operating Lease Costs

Information related to the Company’s right-of use assets and lease liabilities as of July 31, 2021 was as follows:

 Schedule of Right-of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities

Total remaining lease payments under the Company’s operating leases are as follows:

 Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Operating Lease

(7) Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following at July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021:

 Schedule of Accrued Expenses

(8) Warrants

Liability Classified Warrants

On June 2, 2016, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement, which was amended on June 7, 2016 (as amended, the “June Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional purchasers (the “June Purchasers”). Pursuant to the terms of the June Purchase Agreement, the Company sold an aggregate of 20,850 shares of Common Stock together with warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 7,298 shares of Common Stock. Each share of common stock was sold together with a warrant to purchase 0.35 of a share of common stock at a combined purchase price of $92.00. The warrants have an exercise price of $121.60 per share, became exercisable on December 3, 2016 (“Initial Exercise Date”), and will expire on December 3, 2021, five years following the Initial Exercise Date. As of July 31, 2021, none of the warrants had been exercised.

On July 22, 2016, the Company entered into a Second Amendment to the Purchase Agreement (the “Second Amended Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional purchasers (the “July Purchasers”). Pursuant to the terms of the Second Amended Purchase Agreement, the Company sold an aggregate of 29,750 shares of Common Stock together with warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 8,925 shares of Common Stock. Each share of common stock was sold together with a warrant to purchase 0.30 of a share of common stock at a combined purchase price of $135.00. The warrants were exercisable immediately at an exercise price of $187.20 per share. The warrants will expire on the fifth (5th) anniversary of the initial exercise date of January 23, 2017. As of July 31, 2021, none of the warrants had been exercised.

Equity Classified Warrants

On April 8, 2019, the Company issued and sold 1,542,000 shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 3,385,680 shares of common stock and common warrants to purchase up to 4,927,680 shares of our common stock in an underwritten public offering. The public offering price for the pre-funded warrants was equal to the public offering price of the common stock, less the $0.01 per share exercise price of each warrant. The pre-funded warrants have no expiration date. As of July 31, 2021, all of the pre-funded warrants had been exercised. The common stock warrants have an exercise price of $3.85 per share and expire five years from the issuance date. As of July 31, 2021, all of the common warrants had been exercised.

The Company accounts for warrants issued in connection with its June 2016 and July 2016 public offerings in accordance with the guidance on “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity” in Topic 480 which provides that the Company classify the warrant instruments as a liability at its fair value. The warrant liabilities are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The June 2016 and July 2016 warrants contain a feature whereby they could require the transfer of assets and therefore are classified as a liability award in accordance with the guidance in Topic 480. The warrants had a value near zero at July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021 and were reflected within “Warrant liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The pre-funded and common warrants issued in the Company’s April 8, 2019 public offering did not meet the criteria to be classified as a liability award and therefore were treated as an equity award and recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(9) Paycheck Protection Program Loan

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. Government passed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, or the (“CARES Act”). On May 3, 2020, the Company signed a Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loan with Santander as the lender for approximately $891,000 in support through the Small Business Association (“SBA”) under the PPP Loan. The PPP Loan was unsecured and evidenced by a note in favor of Santander as the lender and governed by a Loan Agreement with Santander. The loan contained an interest rate of 1% and was repayable over two years. The loan contained customary events of defaults relating to, among other things, payment defaults or breaches of the terms of the loan. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the lender could have required immediate repayment of all outstanding amounts under the loan. Interest and principal payments were deferred for the first 6 months from the date of the loan. Principal and interest were payable monthly commencing 6 months after the disbursement date and were allowed to be repaid by the Company at any time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties. The Company received the proceeds on May 5, 2020.

The Company filed its loan forgiveness application at the end of February 2021 asking for 100% forgiveness of the loan. In June 2021, the Company was informed that its application was approved, and that the loan is now fully forgiven. The Company recognized a gain on extinguishment of PPP loan of approximately $891,000 in the July 31, 2021 Consolidated Statement of Operations.

(10) Preferred Stock

The Company has authorized 5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock with a par value of $0.001 per share. As of July 31, 2021, no shares of preferred stock had been issued.

(11) Common Stock

The Company has authorized 100,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share. As of July 31, 2021, 52,458,011 shares had been issued and are outstanding.

(12) Treasury Shares

During each of the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, no shares of common stock were purchased by the Company from employees to pay taxes related to the vesting of restricted stock.

(13) Share-Based Compensation

In 2015, upon approval by the Company’s stockholders, the Company’s 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) became effective. A total of 1,332,036 shares were authorized for issuance under the 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan, including shares available for awards under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan remaining at the time that plan terminated, or that were subject to awards under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan that thereafter terminated by reason of expiration, forfeiture, cancellation or otherwise. If any award under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan or 2015 Plan expires, is cancelled, terminates unexercised or is forfeited, those shares become again available for grant under the 2015 Plan. The 2015 Plan will terminate ten years after its effective date, in October 2025, but is subject to earlier termination as provided in the 2015 Plan. As of July 31, 2021, the Company has 193,928 shares available for future issuance under the 2015 Plan which reflects adjustments made for the departure of our former CEO as well as other departures.

On January 18, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Company’s Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan (the “2018 Inducement Plan”) pursuant to which the Company reserved 25,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Inducement Plan. In accordance with Rule 711(a) of the NYSE American Company Guide, awards under the Inducement Plan may only be made to individuals not previously employees of the Company (or following such individuals’ bona fide period of non-employment with the Company), as an inducement material to the individuals’ entry into employment with the Company. An award is any right to receive the Company’s common stock pursuant to the 2018 Inducement Plan, consisting of a performance share award, restricted stock award, a restricted stock unit award or a stock payment award. As of July 31, 2021, there were 11,487 shares available for grant under the 2018 Inducement Plan.

Stock Options

The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option award granted with service-based vesting requirements, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, assuming no dividends, and using the weighted average valuation assumptions noted in the following table. The risk-free rate is based on the US Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected life (estimated period of time outstanding) of the stock options granted is estimated using the “simplified” method as permitted by the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110, Share-Based Payment. Expected volatility is based on the Company’s historical volatility over the expected life of the stock option granted. The Company did not grant any stock options during the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020. The following assumptions were used to value the awards:

 Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions

A summary of stock options under our stock incentive plans is detailed in the following table.

Schedule of Stock Option Activity 

As of July 31, 2021, the total intrinsic value of outstanding and exercisable options was approximately $0.2 million. As of July 31, 2021, approximately 265,000 additional options were unvested, which had an intrinsic value of $19,000 and a weighted average remaining contractual term of 9.4 years. There was approximately $110,000 and $90,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to stock options during each of the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of July 31, 2021, there was approximately $0.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.2 years.

The Company’s acquisition of 3Dent (See Note 18) was valued at the fair value of the stock on the acquisition date of $1,451,584 (361,991 shares at $4.01). Since the shares will be restricted for one year and lack marketability, the Company applied a 20% discount to the purchase price to make the adjusted fair value $1,161,267. Additionally, as the Sellers must be employed for 12 months from the date of acquisition, the difference between the calculated fair value and the net assets acquired represents the value of the compensation expense to be recognized over the period of the agreed upon employment.

 Schedule of Business Acquisition and Fair Value of Net Assets, Compensation Expense Recognized

The Company will recognize approximately $171,000 of compensation expense on a quarterly basis for the consideration paid until 12 months from the acquisition date on February 2, 2022.

Performance Stock Options

In January of 2020, the Company issued 81,337 performance-based stock options to two of its executives. The awards vest over 2 years if there is positive total shareholder return (e.g. share price increase) as measured by the 5-day (January 11-15, 2021) and (January 10-14, 2022) share price volume weighted average price (“VWAP”). There were 40,668 shares that were unvested and outstanding for at July 31, 2021. One of the executives, the Company’s former President and CEO, left the Company as of June 18, 2021, however, he is able to exercise any vested options for a period of 180 days after his departure.

In January of 2021, the Company issued 344,723 performance-based stock options to employees and executives. The awards vest over 2 years provided there is positive total shareholder return (e.g. share price increase) as measured by the closing share price on January 14, 2022 and January 14, 2023. There were 343,456 shares unvested and outstanding at July 31, 2021. None of the shares granted to our former President and CEO under this issuance vested and lapsed as of June 18, 2021.

The Company determined these awards contain a market- based condition and estimated the fair value using the Monte Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions:

 Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions

A summary of performance stock options under our stock incentive plans is detailed in the following table.

 Schedule of Stock Option Activity

As of July 31, 2021, the total intrinsic value of both outstanding and exercisable options was approximately $37,000 and zero, respectively. As of July 31, 2021, approximately 377,000 additional options were unvested, which had an intrinsic value of $37,000 and a weighted average remaining contractual term of 9.4 years. There was approximately $95,000 and $8,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to stock options during each of the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of July 31, 2021, there was approximately $0.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.4 years.

Restricted Stock

Compensation expense for non-vested restricted stock is generally recorded based on its market value on the date of grant and recognized ratably over the associated service and performance period. During the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company granted no shares that were subject to service-based vesting requirements.

A summary of non-vested restricted stock under our stock incentive plans is as follows:

Schedule of Non-vested Restricted Stock Activity 

There was approximately $14,000 and $5,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to restricted stock for the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of July 31, 2021, there is approximately $202,000 of unrecognized compensation cost remaining related to unvested restricted stock granted under our plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.5 years.

In December 2019, the Company granted 51,547 shares to an employee, subject to service-based vesting requirements, that were outside the Company stock incentive plans. There was approximately zero and $12,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to this award for the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of July 31, 2021, there was no unrecognized compensation cost remaining related to this award.

CEO Stock Options

On June 18, 2021, the Company issued 100,000 restricted shares to the Company’s new President and CEO, subject to vesting. A total of 66,667 of those shares are subject to performance-based vesting and the remaining 33,333 shares are subject to time-based vesting equally at the end of each of the next two years. The vesting of the performance-based shares is contingent upon the future closing share price on June 18, 2022, and June 18, 2023.

The analysis required a Monte Carlo simulation due to the performance vesting schedule. These performance-based shares only vest in the event that the future stock price increases above the closing price of June 18, 2021 of 2.37 per share. A total of 50% of the performance-based shares will vest if the closing price of the Company’s stock on June 18, 2022, exceeds $2.37 per share, and 50% of the options will vest if the closing price of the Company’s stock on June 18, 2023, exceeds the closing price on June 18, 2022.

(14) Fair Value Measurements

ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements” states that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value are reported using a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable input and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. The following is a description of the three hierarchy levels.

Disclosure of Fair Values

The Company’s financial instruments that are not re-measured at fair value include cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, contract assets and liabilities, deposits, accounts payable, and accrued expenses. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate their fair values and are viewed as Level 1 items. The Company’s warrant liabilities represent the only asset or liability classified financial instrument that is measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

The fair value of the Company’s warrant liabilities (refer to Note 8) is based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model which is based on Level 3 unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, requiring the Company to develop its own assumptions. The assumptions used by the Company are the quoted price of the Company’s common stock in an active market, risk-free interest rate, volatility and expected life, and assumes no dividends. Volatility is based on the actual market activity of the Company’s stock. The expected life is based on the remaining contractual term of the warrants and the risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury Securities with a maturity equivalent to the warrants’ expected life. The fair value on a recurring basis as of July 31, 2021 and April 30, 2021 was near zero.

There were no unrealized gains or losses for the three months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020. When incurred, gains and losses are included within “Gain (loss) due to change in fair value of warrant liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company determined the fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:

Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumption