OPIANT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. - Annual Report: 2013 (Form 10-K)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2013
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 000-51753
LIGHTLAKE THERAPEUTICS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada | N/A | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
86 Gloucester Place, Ground Floor Suite, London, England |
W1U 6HP | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number:
44 (0) 203 617 8739
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ¨ No þ
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained herein, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ¨ | Accelerated filer ¨ |
Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company þ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨ No þ
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common stock was last sold as of the last business day of January 31, 2013 was $10,488,187.
As of October 23, 2013, the registrant had 168,800,210 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||
PART I | ||
Item 1. | Business. | 3 |
Item 1A. | Risk Factors. | 7 |
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments. | |
Item 2. | Properties. | 8 |
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings. | 8 |
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures. | 8 |
PART II | ||
Item 5. | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. | 9 |
Item 6. | Selected Financial Data. | 10 |
Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. | 10 |
Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. | 16 |
Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. | 17 |
Item 9. | Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 39 |
Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures. | 39 |
Item 9B. | Other Information. | 40 |
PART III | ||
Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. | 41 |
Item 11. | Executive Compensation. | 43 |
Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. | 46 |
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. | 47 |
Item 14. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services. | 47 |
PART IV | ||
Item 15. | Exhibits | 48 |
SIGNATURES | 49 |
2 |
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Report”) contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements discuss matters that are not historical facts. Because they discuss future events or conditions, forward-looking statements may include words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “intend,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “may,” “seek,” “plan,” “might,” “will,” “expect,” “predict,” “project,” “forecast,” “potential,” “continue” negatives thereof or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are found at various places throughout this Report and include information concerning possible or assumed future results of our operations; business strategies; future cash flows; financing plans; plans and objectives of management; any other statements regarding future operations, future cash needs, business plans and future financial results, and any other statements that are not historical facts.
From time to time, forward-looking statements also are included in our other periodic reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K, in our press releases, in our presentations, on our website and in other materials released to the public. Any or all of the forward-looking statements included in this Report and in any other reports or public statements made by us are not guarantees of future performance and may turn out to be inaccurate. These forward-looking statements represent our intentions, plans, expectations, assumptions and beliefs about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors. Many of those factors are outside of our control and could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the events described in the forward-looking statements might not occur or might occur to a different extent or at a different time than we have described. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Report. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements concerning other matters addressed in this Report and attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this Report.
Except to the extent required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, a change in events, conditions, circumstances or assumptions underlying such statements, or otherwise.
For discussion of factors that we believe could cause our actual results to differ materially from expected and historical results see “Item 1A — Risk Factors” below.
PART I
Item 1. Business.
Our Company
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc. (“Lightlake” or the “Company”) is an early stage biopharmaceutical company using the Company’s expertise in opioid antagonists to develop innovative treatments for common addictions and related disorders. The Company was incorporated in the State of Nevada on June 21, 2005, as Madrona Ventures, Inc. and on September 16, 2009, the Company changed its name to Lightlake Therapeutics Inc. The Company’s fiscal year end is July 31 and the Company is a Development Stage Company. The Company is currently developing a new approach for the treatment of overweight and obese patients with Binge Eating Disorder. The Company also is developing a treatment for managing the complications of opioid drug addiction in collaboration with the National Institute on Drug Abuse (“NIDA”), part of the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”). The Company’s strategy is to develop treatments to addictions and related disorders based on the Company’s expertise using opioid antagonists.
Lightlake is developing a treatment for Binge Eating Disorder derived from the “Sinclair Method,” which was developed by Dr. David Sinclair and originally intended for the treatment of alcohol dependency. In 1990, Dr. Sinclair discovered that the opioid antagonist naltrexone, when used correctly in the presence of drinking alcohol, resulted in a 78% success rate, with patients abstaining from alcohol or consuming it at safe levels. In 1989, Dr. Sinclair patented his "Method for Treating Alcohol Drinking Responses,” also known as the “Sinclair Method,” and in 1994, the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approved the use of naltrexone as a treatment for alcohol dependency. Since then, this form of treatment has been used by medical practices around the globe as an effective treatment for alcoholism.
Patients suffering from Binge Eating Disorder typically exhibit a lack of control eating foods typically high in sugar, fat, or salt, and are able to override the feeling of fullness. When these patients eat foods with high levels of sugar, salt, or fat, the opioidergic system is activated, which causes the firing of the neurons that release endorphins. The endorphins then bind to opioid receptors on other neurons and activate these opioid receptors, which reinforces addictive behavior. By blocking these opioid receptors with an opioid antagonist, the effect these endorphins have each time these foods are eaten is counteracted.
Lightlake considers naloxone the optimal opioid antagonist to address Binge Eating Disorder as naloxone remains in the brain for two hours, which is the duration of a typical binge. Long-lasting opioid antagonists like naltrexone and nalmefene are sufficient for treating alcoholism and drug addiction, but the short-acting opioid antagonist naloxone works to selectively remove only unhealthy eating responses. Moreover, the Company believes that the Company’s treatment is well-suited for treating Binge Eating Disorder as it is unlikely to be used in a truly chronic manner. The Company expects that patients will only administer the treatment when they have the urge to binge eat, and the Company expects that they will require less of the spray over time as they regain control of their eating habits.
3 |
In 2011, Lightlake commenced a randomized double-blind placebo controlled Phase II trial investigating the use of naloxone intra-nasally as a treatment for Binge Eating Disorder. The Company believed that the Company’s approach could deliver successful outcomes in a challenging area that recently encountered several failures. The Company randomly selected 138 patients meeting the criteria for Binge Eating Disorder from over 900 applicants and 127 patients enrolled in the trial. While each patient was randomized to take either intranasal naloxone or a placebo nasal spray, all of the patients participated in an exercise program—a behavior that the Company believes can be reinforced through this approach. Some of the patients carried the A118G, which is a genetic variant for the Mu Opioid receptor, and the Company planned to determine whether their response to treatment differed. The Company contracted the Phase II trial operations to Lightlake Sinclair of Helsinki, Finland.
In April 2012, Lightlake completed the Phase II trial. Results from this study have been very encouraging, whereby patients receiving naloxone demonstrated a significant reduction over placebo in reducing bingeing. In addition, the patients receiving the naloxone nasal spray lost weight in the second half of the study and it would appear that patients with the highest BMI tended to reduce their bingeing the most. On May 23, 2013, Lightlake presented the results at the American Psychiatric Association (“APA”) Annual Meeting in San Francisco. Binge Eating Disorder has been added to the fifth edition of the APA’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (“DSM-5”), which was launched at the APA Annual Meeting. DSM-5 is used by clinicians and researchers to diagnose and classify mental disorders in order to improve diagnoses, treatment, and research.
Lightlake now aims to collaborate with other parties to progress the Company’s drug development program for Binge Eating Disorder. The Company has identified suitable centers in the United States and has plans for Imperial College London, United Kingdom, to be a major site for the European Union. The Company currently has agreements to collaborate with Celesio AG and Lloyds Pharmacy, and the Company plans to pursue relationships to provide funding and strategic relationships that would help the Company reach key milestones. The Company aims to broaden the Company’s product pipeline, and anticipates commencing further trials based on the Company’s existing, as well as potential patents that relate to the use of opioid antagonists. In particular, the Company is looking to commence Phase II trials to investigate an opioid antagonist-based treatment for Bulimia Nervosa at King’s College London, UK, as the Company is confident that it can apply the same science to develop a solution for this condition.
On April 24, 2013, Lightlake announced that it had signed a collaboration agreement with the Division of Pharmacotherapies and Medical Consequences of Drug Abuse of the NIDA, part of the NIH, to co-develop a treatment for opioid addiction that utilizes the Company’s innovative proprietary technology. The goal of the collaboration is to establish a clinical development plan and regulatory pathway that will potentially result in FDA approval and commercialization of a new pharmaceutical treatment that effectively addresses the complications of opioid addiction within 18 months.
Principal Products or Services and Markets
General Information
During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2013, Lightlake carried out operations to utilize the patent and patent applications, including European Patent EP1681057B1 and US Patent Application 11/031,534, which were acquired on August 24, 2009 from Dr. David Sinclair. The Company was informed on October 15, 2010, that the US Patent application was approved. The Company has successfully commenced and completed a Phase II Binge Eating Disorder trial. The Company also has collaborated with NIDA, part of the NIH, with respect to developing a treatment for managing the complications of opioid drug addiction. The Company has also planned to widen the Company’s pipeline through collaboration with Professor Strang, King’s College London, UK, to develop a treatment for overdose and develop a treatment for premenstrual syndrome overeating using the Company’s patented technology.
In November 2009, Lightlake’s clinical trial team in Helsinki, Finland was granted ethical approval to begin screening subjects for the Phase II clinical trials of the opioid antagonist-based nasal spray treatment for Binge Eating Disorder. From the approximately 900 people who contacted the Company wanting to participate in these trials, 298 of these applicants had gene samples analyzed and 138 subjects were subsequently selected. Of these, 127 entered the trial.
On May 6, 2010, Lightlake was granted ethical approval for the Phase II trials. A preliminary meeting with the FIMEA Regulatory Authority was held on May 7, 2010 and their requirements for approval were obtained. Moreover, these trials were supervised under the direction of trial coordinator Professor Hannu Eero Rafael Alho, Professor of Addiction Medicine at the University of Helsinki. Crown CRO, a Finnish research organization provided the external validation for the Phase II trial.
4 |
On November 29, 2010, Lightlake announced Dr. Michael Sinclair, a seasoned healthcare executive, as the Company’s new Executive Chairman. His experience and capability in the healthcare industry is invaluable for the Company.
On December 16, 2010, Lightlake announced it had acquired US Patent 5,587,381, entitled: “Method for Terminating Methadone Maintenance through Extinction of the Opiate-taking Responses,” using an opioid antagonist as treatment. The patent was acquired for 7,116,667 warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock at a price of $0.25 per share. The issuance date of these warrants was November 29, 2010 and they expire in 5 years. The potential to expand the product pipeline into this area is important progress for the Company as the Company aims to leverage the Company’s capabilities into new therapeutic areas in the future.
On December 29, 2010, Lightlake announced that it had appointed Mary K. Pendergast J.D., LL.M., as the Company’s advisor for Regulatory and Strategic Matters. She is President of Pendergast Consulting, a legal and regulatory consulting firm founded in 2003. Her background consists of a distinguished pedigree in her field including serving as Deputy Commissioner and Senior Advisor at the FDA. Her appointment is a significant addition to the team as her expertise as well as her wealth of knowledge will assist the Company in navigating through an increasingly challenging regulatory environment.
On October 15, 2010, Lightlake was informed by the Examiner at the US Patent office that the Company’s US patent application, 11/031,534, was approved, and that the Company’s US patent would be granted. On March 22, 2011, the Company’s patent was officially issued—the patent number is: 7,910,599.
In 2011, Lightlake commenced a randomized double-blind placebo controlled Phase II trial investigating the use of naloxone intra-nasally as a treatment for Binge Eating Disorder. The Company randomly selected 138 patients meeting the criteria for Binge Eating Disorder from over 900 applicants and 127 patients enrolled in the trial. While each patient was randomized to take either intranasal naloxone or a placebo nasal spray, all of the patients participated in an exercise program—a behavior that the Company believes can be reinforced through this approach. Some of the patients carried the A118G, which is a genetic variant for the Mu Opioid receptor, and the Company planned to determine whether their response to treatment differed. The Company contracted the Phase II trial operations to Lightlake Sinclair of Helsinki, Finland.
On April 17, 2012, Lightlake appointed Kevin A. Pollack to the Company’s board of directors. Mr. Pollack has been an investment banker and securities attorney at Banc of America Securities and Sidley Austin (formerly Brown & Wood), respectively, and has previous asset management experience at Paragon Capital. He is a magna cum laude graduate of the prestigious Wharton School and holds JD and MBA degrees from Vanderbilt University, where he graduated with Beta Gamma Sigma honors. Currently, Mr. Pollack sits on the board of directors of MagneGas Corporation and Pressure BioSciences, Inc. He also is President of Short Hills Capital LLC.
On August 8, 2012, Lightlake announced the final data from the Phase II trial investigating the use of naloxone intra-nasally as a treatment for Binge Eating Disorder. Results from this study were very encouraging, whereby patients receiving naloxone demonstrated a significant reduction over placebo in reducing bingeing. In addition, the patients receiving the naloxone nasal spray lost weight in the second half of the study and it would appear that patients with the highest BMI tended to reduce their bingeing the most.
On November 26, 2012, Lightlake appointed Kevin A. Pollack, a board member of the Company, as Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the Company.
On December 31, 2012, Lightlake appointed Geoffrey Wolf to the Company’s board of directors. Mr. Wolf resides in Switzerland. After graduating with a Business degree from Middlesex University in 1976, he spent 35 years of his career in international commerce and industry, working closely with companies dealing with minerals, pharmaceuticals, metals, mining, oil and gas, hospitality, and real estate.
On January 22, 2013, Lightlake appointed Brad Miles as a senior advisor to the Company. Mr. Miles has served as a Director and Senior Investment Executive at ScotiaMcLeod, the investment arm of Scotiabank and has authored two books on investing.
On April 24, 2013, Lightlake announced that it had signed a collaboration agreement with the Division of Pharmacotherapies and Medical Consequences of Drug Abuse (“DPMCDA”) of NIDA, part of the NIH, to co-develop a treatment for opioid addiction that utilizes the Company’s innovative proprietary technology. Under the terms of the agreement, the DPMCDA of NIDA will sponsor a Phase I clinical study designed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties of the Company’s product candidate in 14 healthy volunteer subjects. Assuming successful completion of this study, NIDA plans to file an IND for a final larger study. The goal of the collaboration is to establish a clinical development plan and regulatory pathway that will potentially result in FDA approval and commercialization of a new pharmaceutical treatment that effectively addresses the complications of opioid addiction within 18 months.
5 |
With respect to Lightlake’s potential treatment for opioid addiction, on April 16, 2013 and May 30, 2013, the Company entered into agreements and subsequently received funding from one investor in the amounts of $600,000 and $150,000, respectively, for the research, development, marketing and commercialization of the Company’s aforementioned treatment for opioid addiction. In exchange for these investments, the Company agreed to pay the investor 6.0% and 1.5%, respectively, of the net profit generated from the product after the deduction of all expenses incurred by and payments made by the Company in connection with the product, including but not limited to an allocation of Company overhead. If the product is not introduced to the market and not approved for marketing within 24 months of the dates of investment, the investor will have a sixty day option to receive 7,500,000 and 1,875,000 shares of common stock in lieu of the 6.0% and 1.5% interests in the product, respectively. This investment was accounted for as an equity investment and increased paid in capital.
On May 23, 2013, Lightlake presented the results of the Company’s Phase II clinical trial of the Company’s nasal spray treatment for Binge Eating Disorder at the APA Annual Meeting in San Francisco. Binge Eating Disorder has been added to the fifth edition of the DSM-5, which was launched at the APA Annual Meeting. DSM-5 is used by clinicians and researchers to diagnose and classify mental disorders in order to improve diagnoses, treatment, and research. This manual is the product of more than 10 years of effort by hundreds of international experts in all aspects of mental health. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria are concise and explicit, intended to facilitate an objective assessment of symptom presentations in a variety of clinical settings from inpatient to primary care. Binge Eating Disorder is defined in the DSM-5 chapter on Feeding and Eating Disorders as a diagnosis for individuals who experience persistent, recurrent episodes of overeating, marked by loss of control and significant clinical distress. The chapter also includes changes in the requirements for diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa, two potential additional indications for the Company’s treatment.
On July 17, 2013, Lightlake entered into a three year consulting agreement for consulting and advisory services related to the development of the Company’s potential treatment for opioid addiction. In exchange for these services, the Company has agreed to pay the consultant 5.0% of the net profit generated from the product after the deduction of all expenses incurred by and payments made by the Company in connection with the product, including but not limited to an allocation of Company overhead. If the product is not introduced to the market and not approved for marketing within 24 months the consultant will have a sixty day option to receive 6,250,000 shares of common stock in lieu of the 5.0% interest in the product.
Lightlake has not attained profitable operations and is dependent upon obtaining financing.
Lightlake anticipates that additional funding will be required in the form of debt financing and/or equity financing from the sale of the Company’s common stock. However, the Company may not be able to raise sufficient funding to fund its operations.
Lightlake has not had a bankruptcy, receivership or similar proceeding.
Lightlake has not had material reclassifications, mergers, consolidations, or purchase or sale of a significant amount of assets not in the ordinary course of business.
Lightlake is required to comply with all regulations, rules and directives of governmental authorities and agencies applicable to the clinical testing and manufacturing of pharmaceutical product.
Lightlake is required to apply for or have any government approval for the Company’s products or services.
6 |
Our Growth Strategies
During the next year, Lightlake aims to broaden the Company’s product pipeline, and anticipate commencing further trials based on the Company’s existing as well as potential patents.
Lightlake aims to collaborate with other parties to progress the Company’s drug development program for Binge Eating Disorder. The Company has identified suitable centers in the United States and has plans for Imperial College London, United Kingdom, to be a major site for the European Union. The Company currently has agreements to collaborate with Celesio AG and Lloyds Pharmacy, and the Company plans to pursue relationships to provide funding and strategic relationships that would help the Company reach key milestones. The Company also is looking to commence Phase II trials to investigate an opioid antagonist-based treatment for Bulimia Nervosa at King’s College London, UK, as the Company is confident that it can apply the same science to develop a solution for this condition. In working with King’s College, which has an internationally renowned eating disorder unit, the Company believes that it will considerably strengthen the Company’s already distinguished research and development team. Professor Janet Treasure, head of the Eating Disorders Unit at the South London and Maudsley NHS Trust and author of several well-regarded books on eating disorders, and Professor Ulrike Schmidt, a consultant psychiatrist for the Eating Disorders Service and a fellow of the Academy for Eating Disorders, would serve as valuable guides for these Phase II trials.
Lightlake aims to develop a treatment for opioid addiction that utilizes the Company’s innovative proprietary technology. The goal is to establish a clinical development plan and regulatory pathway that will potentially result in FDA approval and commercialization of a new pharmaceutical treatment that effectively addresses the complications of opioid addiction within 18 months.
At this time, Lightlake cannot provide investors with any assurance that the Company will be able to obtain sufficient funding from debt financing or the sale of the Company’s common stock to meet the Company’s obligations over the next twelve months. The Company does not have any arrangements in place for any future equity financing. The Company may also seek to obtain short-term loans from the Company’s officers and directors to meet the Company’s short-term funding needs. The Company has no material commitments for capital expenditures as of July 31, 2013.
Employees
As of July 31, 2013, Lightlake has three permanent employees. In addition, the Company has numerous outside consultants that are not on the Company’s payroll.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Lightlake is a developmental stage company and expects to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future.
Lightlake was incorporated on June 21, 2005. The Company operates as an early stage biopharmaceutical company focusing on using the Company’s expertise in opioid antagonists to build a platform of innovative solutions to common addictions and related disorders. The Company has not generated any revenues as of the date of this report. The likelihood of success must be considered in light of the problems, expenses, difficulties, complications, and delays encountered in connection with the clinical trials that will be conducted and on the development of new solutions to common addictions and related disorders. These potential problems include, but are not limited to, unanticipated problems relating to the clinical trials, changes in the regulatory landscape, and additional costs and expenses that may exceed current budget estimates for the completion of the trials. Prior to completion of any Phase III clinical trials with respect to treating obesity and eating disorders, the Company anticipates that the Company will incur increased operating expenses. The Company expects to incur significant losses into the foreseeable future. The Company recognizes that if the Company is unable to generate funding, the Company will not be able to earn profits or continue operations. There is no history upon which to base any assumption as to the likelihood that the Company will prove successful. If the Company is unsuccessful in addressing these risks, then the Company will most likely fail.
7 |
Lightlake’s independent auditor has issued an audit opinion for the Company which includes a statement describing the company’s going concern status. The Company’s financial status creates a doubt whether the Company will continue as a going concern.
Based on our financial history since inception, our independent registered public accounting firm has expressed substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. We are a development stage company that has generated no revenue.
The trading in Lightlake’s shares is regulated by Securities and Exchange Commission rule 15g-9 which established the definition of a "penny stock."
Lightlake’s shares are defined as a “Penny Stock” under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and rules of the Commission. Penny stocks generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00 (other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on the NASDAQ system). Penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from the rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document that provides information about penny stocks and the risks in the penny stock market. The broker-dealer also must provide the customer with current bid and offer quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer and its salesperson in the transaction, and monthly account statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customer’s account. The broker-dealer must also make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written agreement to the transaction. These requirements may have the effect of reducing the level of trading activity, if any, in the secondary market for a security that becomes subject to the penny stock rules. The additional burdens imposed upon broker-dealers by such requirements may discourage broker-dealers from effecting transactions in our securities, which could severely limit the market price and liquidity of our securities. These requirements may restrict the ability of broker-dealers to sell our common stock and may affect your ability to resell our common stock.
Lightlake will incur ongoing costs and expenses for sec reporting and compliance. Without revenue the Company may not be able to remain in compliance, making it difficult for investors to sell their shares, if at all.
Lightlake’s shares are quoted on the OTC Market under the symbol “LLTP.” To be eligible for quotation, issuers must remain current in their filings with the SEC. In order for the Company to remain in compliance the Company will require cash to cover the cost of these filings, which could comprise a substantial portion of the Company’s available cash resources. If the Company is unable to remain in compliance it may be difficult for the Company’s shareholders to resell any shares, if at all.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
This information is not required for smaller reporting companies.
Item 2. Properties.
Lightlake does not currently own any physical property. The Company is currently utilizing space provided by an officer of the Company free of charge at 86 Gloucester Place, London, England for corporate offices. The Company believes that the current premises are sufficient for the Company’s needs at this time.
Lightlake currently has no investment policies as they pertain to real estate, real estate interests, or real estate mortgages.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
We are currently not involved in any litigation that we believe could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or of our company’s or our company’s subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
8 |
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Market Information
Since April 2007, Lightlake’s common stock has been listed for quotation on the OTCQB under the symbol “LLTP”.
Price Range of Common Stock
The following table shows, for the periods indicated, the high and low bid prices per share of our common stock as reported by the OTCQB quotation service. The quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commissions, and may not represent actual transactions.
High | Low | |||||||
Fiscal Year 2012 | ||||||||
First quarter ended October 31, 2011 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.35 | ||||
Second quarter ended January 31, 2012 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.06 | ||||
Third quarter ended April 30, 2012 | $ | 0.13 | $ | 0.05 | ||||
Fourth quarter ended July 31, 2012 | $ | 0.19 | $ | 0.06 | ||||
Fiscal Year 2013 | ||||||||
First quarter ended October 31, 2012 | $ | 0.17 | $ | 0.11 | ||||
Second quarter ended January 31, 2013 | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.06 | ||||
Third quarter ended April 30, 2013 | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.04 | ||||
Fourth quarter ended July 31, 2013 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.02 |
Approximate Number of Equity Security Holders
As of July 31, 2013, there were approximately 109 stockholders of record. Because shares of our common stock are held by depositaries, brokers and other nominees, the number of beneficial holders of our shares is substantially larger than the number of stockholders of record.
Dividends
There are no restrictions in Lightlake’s articles of incorporation or bylaws that prevent the Company from declaring dividends. The Nevada Revised Statutes, however, do prohibit the Company from declaring dividends where, after giving effect to the distribution of the dividend:
1. | Lightlake would not be able to pay the Company’s debts as they become due in the usual course of business; or |
2. | Lightlake’s total assets would be less than the sum of the Company’s total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed to satisfy the rights of shareholders who have preferential rights superior to those receiving the distribution. |
Lightlake has not declared any dividends, and the Company does not plan to declare any dividends in the foreseeable future.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
Common Stock
On June 7, 2013, the Company issued 2,000,000 shares to a consultant in exchange for investor relations services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $82,000.
On July 15, 2013, the Company issued 856,708 shares in exchange for services rendered to consultants for investor relations and for legal services. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $20,561.
On July 16, 2013, the Company issued 675,000 shares to consultants in exchange for services rendered connected to investor relations and accounting services. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $18,900.
On July 26, 2013, the Company issued 438,596 shares to a consultant in exchange for services rendered connected to investor relations. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $13,816.
Stock Options
On May 1, 2013, the Company granted its executive officers cashless stock options to purchase a total of 15,000,000 shares of its common stock at $.08 per share. These options expire in ten years on April 30, 2023. 7,500,000 of these options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which an Investigational New Drug Application is submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the Company’s product that is expected to enter into an initial trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health; and (ii) April 30, 2023. 7,500,000 of these options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which the aforementioned initial trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health commences; and (ii) April 30, 2023.
On May 1, 2013, the Company granted its executive officers cashless stock options to purchase a total of 7,500,000 shares of its common stock at $.10 per share. These options expire in ten years on April 30, 2023. 3,750,000 of these options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which an Investigational New Drug Application is submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the Company’s product that is expected to enter into an initial trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health; and (ii) April 30, 2023. 3,750,000 of these options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which the aforementioned initial trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health commences; and (ii) April 30, 2023.
These shares and options were issued in reliance on the exemption under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act. These shares of our common stock qualified for exemption under Section 4(2) since the issuance shares by us did not involve a public offering. The offering was not a “public offering” as defined in Section 4(2) due to the insubstantial number of persons involved in the deal, size of the offering, manner of the offering and number of shares offered. We did not undertake an offering in which we sold a high number of shares to a high number of investors. In addition, the investors had the necessary investment intent as required by Section 4(2) since they agreed to and received share certificates bearing a legend stating that such shares are restricted pursuant to Rule 144 of the Act. This restriction ensures that these shares would not be immediately redistributed into the market and therefore not be part of a “public offering.” Based on an analysis of the above factors, we have met the requirements to qualify for exemption under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act for this transaction.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
We do not have in effect any compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance.
9 |
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
We are not required to provide the information required by this Item because we are a smaller reporting company.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion and analysis of the results of operations and financial condition for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2013 and 2012 and should be read in conjunction with our financial statements, and the notes to those financial statements that are included elsewhere in this Report.
Overview
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc. (“Lightlake” or the “Company”) is an early stage biopharmaceutical company using its expertise in opioid antagonists to develop innovative treatments for common addictions and related disorders. The Company was incorporated in the State of Nevada on June 21, 2005, as Madrona Ventures, Inc. and on September 16, 2009, the Company changed its name to Lightlake Therapeutics Inc. The Company’s fiscal year end is July 31 and is a Development Stage Company. The Company is an early stage biopharmaceutical company, currently developing a new approach for the treatment of overweight and obese patients with Binge Eating Disorder. The Company’s strategy is to develop treatments to addictions and related disorders based on its expertise using opioid antagonists.
Currently, Lightlake is focused on developing a treatment for overweight and obese patients with Binge Eating Disorder, which is thought to be the most common eating disorder in the United States today, a treatment for patients with Bulimia Nervosa, which is a condition estimated to be affecting five million people in the United States at this time, and a treatment for opioid addiction that utilizes the Company’s innovative proprietary technology.
Product Development and Testing
In April 2012, Lightlake completed a Phase II clinical trial in Helsinki, Finland to investigate the use of the opioid antagonist naloxone delivered intra-nasally as a treatment for Binge Eating Disorder. The Company’s approach was unique, through using a single agent with known safety, delivered intra-nasally, in response to behavioral stimuli, and selectively addressing a subset of obese and overweight patients which was thought to represent up to 25% of this total patient cohort. The Company believed that its approach could deliver successful outcomes in a challenging area that recently encountered several failures.
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Lightlake is developing a treatment for Binge Eating Disorder derived from the “Sinclair Method,” which was developed by Dr. David Sinclair original intended for the treatment of alcohol dependency. In 1990, Dr. Sinclair discovered that the opioid antagonist naltrexone, when used correctly in the presence of drinking alcohol, resulted in a 78% success rate, with patients abstaining from alcohol or consuming it at safe levels. In 1989, Dr. Sinclair patented his "Method for Treating Alcohol Drinking Responses,” also known as the “Sinclair Method,” and in 1994, the FDA approved the use of naltrexone as a treatment for alcohol dependency. Since then, this form of treatment has been used by medical practices around the globe as an effective treatment for alcoholism.
Patients suffering from Binge Eating Disorder typically exhibit a lack of control eating foods typically high in sugar, fat, or salt, and are able to override the feeling of fullness. When these patients eat foods with high levels of sugar, salt, or fat, the opioidergic system is activated, which causes the firing of the neurons that release endorphins. The endorphins then bind to opioid receptors on other neurons and activate these opioid receptors, which reinforces addictive behavior. By blocking these opioid receptors with an opioid antagonist, the effect these endorphins have each time these foods are eaten is counteracted.
Lightlake considers naloxone the optimal opioid antagonist to address Binge Eating Disorder as naloxone remains in the brain for two hours, which is the duration of a typical binge. Long-lasting opioid antagonists like naltrexone and nalmefene are sufficient for treating alcoholism and drug addiction, but the short-acting opioid antagonist naloxone, however works to selectively remove only unhealthy eating responses. Moreover, the Company believes that its treatment is well-suited for treating Binge Eating Disorder as it is unlikely to be used in a truly chronic manner. The Company expects that patients will only administer the treatment when they have the urge to binge eat, and the Company expects that they will require less of the spray over time as they regain control of their eating habits.
In 2011, Lightlake commenced a randomized double-blind placebo controlled Phase II trial investigating the use of naloxone intra-nasally as a treatment for Binge Eating Disorder. The Company randomly selected 138 patients meeting the criteria for Binge Eating Disorder from over 900 applicants and 127 patients enrolled in the trial. While each patient was randomized to take either intranasal naloxone or a placebo nasal spray, all of the patients participated in an exercise program—a behavior that the Company believes can be reinforced through this approach. Some of the patients carried the A118G, which is a genetic variant for the Mu Opioid receptor, and the Company planned to determine whether their response to treatment differed. The Company contracted the Phase II trial operations to Lightlake Sinclair of Helsinki, Finland.
On August 8, 2012, Lightlake announced the final data from the Phase II trial investigating the use of naloxone intra-nasally as a treatment for Binge Eating Disorder. Results from this study have been very encouraging, whereby patients receiving naloxone demonstrated a significant reduction over placebo in reducing bingeing. In addition, the patients receiving the naloxone nasal spray lost weight in the second half of the study and it would appear that patients with the highest BMI tended to reduce their bingeing the most.
On May 23, 2013, Lightlake presented the results of the Company’s Phase II clinical trial of its nasal spray treatment for Binge Eating Disorder at the American Psychiatric Association (“APA”) Annual Meeting in San Francisco. Binge Eating Disorder has been added to the fifth edition of the APA’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (“DSM-5”), which was launched at the APA Annual Meeting. DSM-5 is used by clinicians and researchers to diagnose and classify mental disorders in order to improve diagnoses, treatment, and research. This manual is the product of more than 10 years of effort by hundreds of international experts in all aspects of mental health. DSM-5 diagnostic criteria are concise and explicit, intended to facilitate an objective assessment of symptom presentations in a variety of clinical settings from inpatient to primary care. Binge Eating Disorder is defined in the DSM-5 chapter on Feeding and Eating Disorders as a diagnosis for individuals who experience persistent, recurrent episodes of overeating, marked by loss of control and significant clinical distress. The chapter also includes changes in the requirements for diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa, two potential additional indications for the Company’s treatment.
11 |
Lightlake now aims to collaborate with other parties to progress its drug development program for Binge Eating Disorder. The Company has identified suitable centers in the United States and has plans for Imperial College London, United Kingdom, to be a major site for the European Union. The Company currently has agreements to collaborate with Celesio AG and Lloyds Pharmacy, and the Company plans to pursue relationships to provide funding and strategic relationships that would help the Company reach key milestones. The Company aims to broaden its product pipeline, and anticipates commencing further trials based on its existing, as well as potential patents that relate to the use of opioid antagonists. In particular, the Company is looking to commence Phase II trials to investigate an opioid antagonist-based treatment for Bulimia Nervosa at King’s College London, UK, as the Company is confident that it can apply the same science to develop a solution for this condition.
During the year ended July 31, 2013, Lightlake carried out operations to utilize the patent and patent applications, including European Patent EP1681057B1 and US Patent Application 11/031,534, which were acquired on August 24, 2009 from Dr. David Sinclair. The Company was informed on October 15, 2010, that the US Patent application was approved. The Company has successfully commenced and completed a Phase II Binge Eating Disorder trial. The Company has also planned to widen its pipeline through collaboration with Professor Strang, King’s College London, UK, to develop a treatment for overdose and develop a treatment for premenstrual syndrome overeating using the Company’s patented technology.
Lightlake anticipates launching Phase II trials to investigate the application of the Company’s technology as a treatment for Bulimia Nervosa, and the Company is seeking funding to facilitate the launch of these trials. The Company has made arrangements with King’s College London, UK, to conduct these trials at the institution. In working with King’s College, which has an internationally renowned eating disorder unit, the Company believes that it will considerably strengthen the Company’s already distinguished research and development team. Professor Janet Treasure, head of the Eating Disorders Unit at the South London and Maudsley NHS Trust and author of several well-regarded books on eating disorders, and Professor Ulrike Schmidt, a consultant psychiatrist for the Eating Disorders Service and a fellow of the Academy for Eating Disorders, would serve as tremendous guides for these Phase II trials. The Company also is considering other trials leveraging off of its patent portfolio.
On April 24, 2013, Lightlake announced that it had signed a collaboration agreement with the Division of Pharmacotherapies and Medical Consequences of Drug Abuse (“DPMCDA”) of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (“NIDA”), part of the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”), to co-develop a treatment for opioid addiction that utilizes the Company’s innovative proprietary technology. Under the terms of the agreement, the DPMCDA of NIDA will sponsor a Phase I clinical study designed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties of the Company’s product candidate in 14 healthy volunteer subjects. Assuming successful completion of this study, NIDA plans to file an IND for a final larger study. The goal of the collaboration is to establish a clinical development plan and regulatory pathway that will potentially result in FDA approval and commercialization of a new pharmaceutical treatment that effectively addresses the complications of opioid addiction within 18 months.
With respect to Lightlake’s potential treatment for opioid addiction, on April 16, 2013 and May 30, 2013, the Company entered into agreements and subsequently received funding from one investor in the amounts of $600,000 and $150,000, respectively, for the research, development, marketing and commercialization of the Company’s aforementioned treatment for opioid addiction. In exchange for these investments, the Company agreed to pay the investor 6.0% and 1.5%, respectively, of the net profit generated from the product after the deduction of all expenses incurred by and payments made by the Company in connection with the product, including but not limited to an allocation of Company overhead. If the product is not introduced to the market and not approved for marketing within 24 months of the dates of investment, the investor will have a sixty day option to receive 7,500,000 and 1,875,000 shares of common stock in lieu of the 6.0% and 1.5% interests in the product, respectively. This investment was accounted for as an equity investment and increased paid in capital.
Lightlake has not attained profitable operations and is dependent upon obtaining financing.
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Lightlake anticipates that additional funding will be required in the form of debt financing and/or equity financing from the sale of the Company’s common stock. However, the Company may not be able to raise sufficient funding to fund its operations.
Lightlake has not had a bankruptcy, receivership or similar proceeding.
Lightlake has not had material reclassifications, mergers, consolidations, or purchase or sale of a significant amount of assets not in the ordinary course of business.
Lightlake is required to comply with all regulations, rules, and directives of governmental authorities and agencies applicable to the clinical testing and manufacturing of pharmaceutical product.
Lightlake is required to apply for or have any government approval for the Company’s products or services.
Results of Operations
The following compares Lightlake’s operations for the years ended July 31, 2013 to the same period at July 31, 2012.
Revenues
Lightlake did not have any revenues during the years ended July 31, 2013 or 2012, and has generated no revenues since inception as the Company is devoting substantially all of its efforts on establishing the business and its planned principal operations have not commenced. All losses accumulated since inception has been considered as part of the Company's development stage activities.
General and Administrative Expenses
Lightlake’s operating expenses were incurred in the amounts of $4,284,574 and $12,335,706 for the years ended July 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The difference in the year over year change of $8,051,132 was primarily due to stock based compensation issued to outside consultants in the amount of $7,542,133 during the year ended July 31, 2012.
Research and Development
Lightlake spent $282,670 and $506,169 during the years ended July 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. This decrease was the result of the Company’s Phase II clinical testing that was occurring during the year ended July 31, 2012. The Company does not anticipate any decreases in expenditures related to research and development; however, the Company’s research and development initiatives and processes are dependent on the ability of the Company to raise capital.
Interest Expense
During the years ended July 31, 2013 and 2012, Lightlake’s interest expense was $553,045 and $61,389, respectively. The increase in fiscal 2013 was due to an increase in borrowings of $604,500 to fund the operations of the Company.
Net Loss
The comparable net loss for the year ended July 31, 2013 and since inception was $4,655,493 and $28,584,388, respectively, as compared to the net loss for the same year ended July 31, 2012 and since inception of $12,421,188 and $23,928,895, respectively. Included in these net losses was the recognition of interest expense, derived from the issuance of convertible notes payable and the issuance of common stock to outside consultants for services rendered in the amount of $937,353 in 2013 and $10,048,857 during the same period in 2012. Additionally, Lightlake has recognized debt discounts and beneficial conversion features of our derivative debt contracts arising out of the Company’s convertible notes payable.
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Lightlake has not attained profitable operations and is dependent upon obtaining financing to pursue its objectives and further certain planned initiatives. In their report on the Company’s financial statements at July 31, 2013 and July 31, 2012, the Company’s auditors raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Lightlake’s cash reserves are not sufficient to meet its obligations for the next twelve-month period. As a result, the Company will need to seek additional funding in the near future. The Company currently does not have a specific plan of how it will obtain such funding; however, the Company anticipates that additional funding will be in the form of debt financing and/or equity financing from the sale of its common stock. However, during the third and fourth quarters the Company received equity investments of $600,000 and $150,000, respectively, which increased the cash position of the Company.
At this time, Lightlake cannot provide investors with any assurance that it will be able to obtain sufficient funding from debt financing or the sale of its common stock to meet its obligations over the next twelve months or that the terms of the financing will be favorable to the Company. The Company does not have any arrangements in place for any future equity financing. The Company may also seek to obtain short-term loans from its officers and directors to meet its short-term funding needs. The Company has no material commitments for capital expenditures as of July 31, 2013.
The financial position of Lightlake at the year ended July 31, 2013 showed an increase in assets from July 31, 2012 of $44,976 to $643,053, respectively. This was due to an increase in the Company’s cash position, which was the direct result of outside funding occurring during the Company’s third and fourth quarters. The liabilities at July 31, 2013 increased to $1,633,069 from $663,694 at July 31, 2012. This increase was the result of a short-term loan of $350,000 from two of its officers and an outside director and an investment into the Company’s opioid addiction treatment program of $750,000.
Lightlake’s cash position of $598,623 at July 31, 2013 is not sufficient to meet the Company’s obligations for the next twelve-month period. As a result, the Company will need to seek additional funding. The Company currently does not have a specific plan of how the Company will obtain such funding; however, the Company anticipates that additional funding will be in the form of debt financing and/or equity financing from the sale of the Company’s common stock. At this time, the Company cannot provide investors with any assurance that the Company will be able to obtain sufficient funding to meet the Company’s obligations over the next twelve months. The Company does not have any arrangements in place for any future financing and may seek to obtain additional short-term loans from its officers and directors to meet its short-term funding needs.
Going Concern
Lightlake is a Development Stage Company. The Company’s independent auditor has issued an audit opinion, which includes a statement expressing substantial doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Plan Of Operation
During the next year, Lightlake aims to broaden the Company’s product pipeline, and anticipates commencing further trials based on the Company’s existing as well as potential patents.
Lightlake aims to collaborate with other parties to progress the Company’s drug development program for Binge Eating Disorder. The Company has identified suitable centers in the United States and has plans for Imperial College London, United Kingdom, to be a major site for the European Union. The Company currently has agreements to collaborate with Celesio AG and Lloyds Pharmacy, and the Company plans to pursue relationships to provide funding and strategic relationships that would help the Company reach key milestones. The Company also is looking to commence Phase II trials to investigate an opioid antagonist-based treatment for Bulimia Nervosa at King’s College London, UK, as the Company is confident that it can apply the same science to develop a solution for this condition. In working with King’s College, which has an internationally renowned eating disorder unit, the Company believes that it will considerably strengthen the Company’s already distinguished research and development team. Professor Janet Treasure, head of the Eating Disorders Unit at the South London and Maudsley NHS Trust and author of several well-regarded books on eating disorders, and Professor Ulrike Schmidt, a consultant psychiatrist for the Eating Disorders Service and a fellow of the Academy for Eating Disorders, would serve as tremendous guides for these Phase II trials.
14 |
Lightlake aims to further develop a treatment for opioid addiction that utilizes the Company’s innovative proprietary technology. The goal is to establish a clinical development plan and regulatory pathway that will potentially result in FDA approval and commercialization of a new pharmaceutical treatment that effectively addresses the complications of opioid addiction within 18 months.
At this time, Lightlake cannot provide investors with any assurance that the Company will be able to obtain sufficient funding from debt financing or the sale of the Company’s common stock to meet the Company’s obligations over the next twelve months. The Company does not have any arrangements in place for any future equity financing. The Company may also seek to obtain short-term loans from the Company’s officers and directors to meet the Company’s short-term funding needs. The Company has no material commitments for capital expenditures as of July 31, 2013.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Lightlake believes that the following critical policies affect the Company’s more significant judgments and estimates used in preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Lightlake prepares its financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. These principals require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management believes that these estimates are reasonable and have been discussed with the Board of Directors; however, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Lightlake issues restricted stock to consultants for various services and employees for compensation. Cost for these transactions are measured at the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is measurable more reliably measurable. The value of the common stock is measured at the earlier of (i) the date at which a firm commitment for performance by the counterparty to earn the equity instruments is reached or (ii) the date at which the counterparty's performance is complete.
Lightlake issues options and warrants to consultants, directors, and officers as compensation for services. These options and warrants are valued using the Black-Scholes model, which focuses on the current stock price and the volatility of moves to predict the likelihood of future stock moves. This method of valuation is typically used to accurately price stock options and warrants based on the price of the underlying stock.
Long-lived assets such as property, equipment and identifiable intangibles are reviewed for impairment whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. When required impairment losses on assets to be held and used are recognized based on the fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined based on estimates of future cash flows, market value of similar assets, if available, or independent appraisals, if required. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the carrying amount and fair value of the asset. When fair values are not available, Lightlake estimates fair value using the expected future cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk associated with the recovery of the assets. The Company did not recognize any impairment losses for any periods presented.
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Fair value estimates used in preparation of the consolidated financial statements are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management. The respective carrying value of certain on-balance-sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values. These financial instruments include cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses. Fair values were assumed to approximate carrying values for these financial instruments since they are short-term in nature and their carrying amounts approximate fair values or they are receivable or payable on demand. The fair value of Lightlake’s notes payable is estimated based upon the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered to the Company for debt of the same remaining maturities.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Lightlake has no off-balance sheet arrangements as of July 31, 2013 and 2012.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
We have reviewed accounting pronouncements and interpretations thereof that have effectiveness dates during the periods reported and in future periods. The Company has carefully considered the new pronouncements that alter previous generally accepted accounting principles and does not believe that any new or modified principles will have a material impact on the corporation’s reported financial position or operations in the near term. The applicability of any standard is subject to the formal review of our financial management and certain standards are under consideration. Those standards have been addressed in the notes to the audited financial statement and in this, our Annual Report, filed on Form 10-K for the period ended July 31, 2013.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are not required to provide the information required by this Item because we are a smaller reporting company
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Item 8. Financial Statements.
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc.
(a Development Stage Enterprise)
Financial Statements
For the Years Ended
July 31, 2013 and 2012
From Inception (July 21, 2005)
to July 31, 2013
17 |
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc.
Index to Financial Statements
July 31, 2013 and 2012 |
Page | |
Number | |
Financial Statements: | |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | 19 |
Balance Sheets as of July 31, 2013 and 2012 | 20 |
Statements of Operations for the years ended July 31, 2013 and 2012 and from Inception (July 25, 2005) to July 31, 2013 | 21 |
Statement of Shareholders' Equity (Deficit) from Inception (July 25, 2005) to July 31, 2013 | 22 |
Statement of Cash Flows for the years ended July 31, 2013 and 2012 and from Inception (July 25, 2005) to July 31, 2013 | 23 |
Notes to Financial Statements | 24 to 38 |
18 |
Messineo & Co, CPAs LLC 2471 N McMullen Booth Rd – Ste. 302 Clearwater, FL 33759-1362 T: (727) 421-6268 F: (727) 674-0511 |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors of:
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc.
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Lightlake Therapeutics Inc., a development stage company, as of July 31, 2013 and 2012 and the related statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the years then ended and for the period from June 21, 2005 (date of inception) to July 31, 2013. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Lightlake Therapeutics Inc. as of July 31, 2013 and 2012, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, and for the period from June 21, 2005 (date of inception) to July 31, 2013, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company had a comprehensive net loss, negative cash flow from operating activities, and is still in the development stage. These conditions raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 2. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Messineo & Co. CPAs, LLC | |
Clearwater, Florida | |
October 23, 2013 |
19 |
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc.
(a Development Stage Enterprise)
Balance Sheets
As of
July 31, |
2013 | 2012 | |||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 598,623 | $ | 20,423 | ||||
Prepaid insurance | 21,250 | - | ||||||
Total current assets | 619,873 | 20,423 | ||||||
Other assets | ||||||||
Patents and patent applications (net of accumulated amortization of $4,270 at July 31, 2013 and $2,897 at July 31, 2012) | 23,180 | 24,553 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 643,053 | $ | 44,976 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders' Deficit | ||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 40,767 | $ | 55,497 | ||||
Accrued salaries and wages | 457,636 | 56,300 | ||||||
Due to related party | 350,000 | 136,412 | ||||||
Convertible notes payable, net of debt discounts | 25,000 | 223,693 | ||||||
Derivative liability | 9,666 | 191,792 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 883,069 | 663,694 | ||||||
Deferred revenue | 750,000 | - | ||||||
Total liabilities | 1,633,069 | 663,694 | ||||||
Stockholders' equity (deficit) | ||||||||
Common stock; par value $0.001; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 164,699,973 shares issued and outstanding at July 31, 2013 and 126,083,416 shares issued and outstanding at July 31, 2012 | 164,700 | 126,083 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 27,429,672 | 23,184,094 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit during the development stage | (28,584,388 | ) | (23,928,895 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders' equity (deficit) | (990,016 | ) | (618,718 | ) | ||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit) | $ | 643,053 | $ | 44,976 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited financial statements.
20 |
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc.
(a Development Stage Enterprise)
Statements of Operations
For the years ended, July 31, 2013 and 2012 and the period
From inception (June 21, 2005) to July 31, 2013 |
For the | From Inception | |||||||||||
Years Ended | (June 21, 2005) | |||||||||||
July 31, | to July 31, | |||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||
Revenues | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||
Operating expenses | ||||||||||||
General and administrative | 4,001,904 | 11,829,537 | 27,343,296 | |||||||||
Research and development | 282,670 | 506,169 | 788,839 | |||||||||
Mineral interests | - | - | 39,015 | |||||||||
Total operating expenses | 4,284,574 | 12,335,706 | 28,171,150 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | (4,284,574 | ) | (12,335,706 | ) | (28,171,150 | ) | ||||||
Other income (expense) | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | (553,045 | ) | (61,389 | ) | (614,434 | ) | ||||||
Change in derivative | 182,126 | (24,093 | ) | 158,033 | ||||||||
Debt forgiveness | - | - | 43,163 | |||||||||
Total other income (expense) | (370,919 | ) | (85,482 | ) | (413,238 | ) | ||||||
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes | (4,655,493 | ) | (12,421,188 | ) | (28,584,388 | ) | ||||||
Provision for income taxes | - | - | - | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (4,655,493 | ) | $ | (12,421,188 | ) | $ | (28,584,388 | ) | |||
Basic loss per common share: | ||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) per common share | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.12 | ) | ||||||
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding | 143,243,425 | 103,881,283 |
21 |
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc.
(a Development Stage Enterprise)
Statement of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
For the period from Inception (June 21, 2005)
to July 31, 2013 |
Deficit | ||||||||||||||||||||
Additional | During the | |||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Paid In | Development | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Capital | Stage | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 21, 2005 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Balance at July 31, 2005 | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
Common shares issued for cash | ||||||||||||||||||||
March 2006 at $0.001 per share | 5,000,000 | 5,000 | - | - | 5,000 | |||||||||||||||
March 2006 at $0.01 per share | 1,300,000 | 1,300 | 11,700 | - | 13,000 | |||||||||||||||
April 2006 at $0.01 per share | 75,000 | 75 | 7,425 | - | 7,500 | |||||||||||||||
May 2006 at $0.01 per share | 150,000 | 150 | 29,850 | - | 30,000 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (32,125 | ) | (32,125 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at July 31, 2006 | 6,525,000 | $ | 6,525 | $ | 48,975 | $ | (32,125 | ) | $ | 23,375 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (33,605 | ) | (33,605 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at July 31, 2007 | 6,525,000 | $ | 6,525 | $ | 48,975 | $ | (65,730 | ) | $ | (10,230 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | (17,924 | ) | (17,924 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at July 31, 2008 | 6,525,000 | $ | 6,525 | $ | 48,975 | $ | (83,654 | ) | $ | (28,154 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | - | - | - | 28,444 | 28,444 | |||||||||||||||
Balance at July 31, 2009 | 6,525,000 | $ | 6,525 | $ | 48,975 | $ | (55,210 | ) | $ | 290 | ||||||||||
Forward Stock Split : 20 for 1 | 130,500,000 | 130,500 | (130,500 | ) | - | - | ||||||||||||||
Stock issued for acquisition of patent | 20,333,333 | 20,333 | - | - | 20,333 | |||||||||||||||
Cancellation of shares | (100,000,000 | ) | (100,000 | ) | 100,000 | - | - | |||||||||||||
Stock issued for services | 4,150,000 | 4,150 | 1,354,650 | - | 1,358,800 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | - | - | - | (2,016,710 | ) | (2,016,710 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance at July 31, 2010 | 61,508,333 | $ | 61,508 | $ | 1,373,125 | $ | (2,071,920 | ) | $ | (637,287 | ) | |||||||||
Warrants issued for acquisition of patent | - | - | 7,117 | - | 7,117 | |||||||||||||||
Sales of common stock | 5,640,000 | 5,640 | 3,072,380 | - | 3,078,020 | |||||||||||||||
Stock issued for services | 9,828,000 | 9,828 | 6,108,342 | - | 6,118,170 | |||||||||||||||
Stock based compensation from issuance of stock options | - | - | 531,250 | - | 531,250 | |||||||||||||||
Net (loss) | - | - | - | (9,435,787 | ) | (9,435,787 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance at July 31, 2011 | 76,976,333 | $ | 76,976 | $ | 11,092,214 | $ | (11,507,707 | ) | $ | (338,517 | ) | |||||||||
Sales of common stock | 8,438,572 | 8,439 | 794,490 | - | 802,929 | |||||||||||||||
Stock issued for services | 37,555,668 | 37,556 | 10,011,301 | - | 10,048,857 | |||||||||||||||
Conversion of Convertible Notes Payable to Common Stock | 3,332,843 | 3,332 | 96,668 | - | 100,000 | |||||||||||||||
Cancellation of shares | (220,000 | ) | (220 | ) | 220 | - | - | |||||||||||||
Stock based compensation from issuance of stock options | - | - | 1,027,501 | - | 1,027,501 | |||||||||||||||
Stock based compensation from issuance of stock warrants | - | - | 161,700 | - | 161,700 | |||||||||||||||
Net (loss) | - | - | - | (12,421,188 | ) | (12,421,188 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance at July 31, 2012 | 126,083,416 | $ | 126,083 | $ | 23,184,094 | $ | (23,928,895 | ) | $ | (618,718 | ) | |||||||||
Sales of common stock | 916,666 | 917 | 54,083 | - | 55,000 | |||||||||||||||
Stock issued for services | 12,265,568 | 12,266 | 925,087 | - | 937,353 | |||||||||||||||
Conversion of Convertible Notes Payable to Common Stock | 25,334,323 | 25,334 | 777,078 | - | 802,412 | |||||||||||||||
Issuance of Common Stock as Deferred Financing Cost | 100,000 | 100 | 13,400 | - | 13,500 | |||||||||||||||
Stock based compensation from issuance of stock options | - | - | 1,428,901 | - | 1,428,901 | |||||||||||||||
Stock based compensation from issuance of warrants | - | - | 920,463 | - | 920,463 | |||||||||||||||
Forgiveness of debt by related party | 126,566 | 126,566 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) | - | - | - | (4,655,493 | ) | (4,655,493 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance at July 31, 2013 | 164,699,973 | $ | 164,700 | $ | 27,429,672 | $ | (28,584,388 | ) | $ | (990,016 | ) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited financial statements.
22 |
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc.
(a Development Stage Enterprise)
Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended July 31, 2013 and 2012 and the period
From inception (June 21, 2005) to July 31, 2013 |
For the | From Inception | |||||||||||
Years Ended | (June 21, 2005) | |||||||||||
July 31, | to July 31, | |||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||
Cash Flows Provided (Used) By Operating Activities | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (4,655,493 | ) | $ | (12,421,188 | ) | $ | (28,584,388 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided from (used by) operating activities: | ||||||||||||
Amortization | 1,373 | 1,373 | 4,270 | |||||||||
Issuance of common stock for services | 937,353 | 10,048,857 | 18,463,180 | |||||||||
Issuance of common stock as deferred financing cost | 13,500 | - | 13,500 | |||||||||
Stock based compensation from issuance of options | 1,428,901 | 1,027,501 | 2,987,652 | |||||||||
Stock based compensation from issuance of warrants | 920,463 | 161,700 | 1,082,163 | |||||||||
Accreted interest on debt discounts | 423,373 | 57,392 | 480,765 | |||||||||
Change in derivative | (182,126 | ) | 24,093 | (158,033 | ) | |||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||
(Increase) in prepaid insurance | (21,250 | ) | - | (21,250 | ) | |||||||
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable | (14,730 | ) | (48,639 | ) | 40,767 | |||||||
Increase in accrued salaries and wages | 401,336 | 52,173 | 457,636 | |||||||||
Net cash provided from (used by) operating activities | (747,300 | ) | (1,096,738 | ) | (5,233,738 | ) | ||||||
Cash Flows Provided (Used) By Investing Activities | - | - | - | |||||||||
Cash Flows Provided (Used) By Financing Activities | ||||||||||||
Borrowings from related parties | 350,000 | - | 922,587 | |||||||||
Borrowings on convertible notes payable | 170,500 | 434,000 | 604,500 | |||||||||
Payments to related parties on notes payable | - | (171,557 | ) | (436,175 | ) | |||||||
Investment received in exchange for royalty agreement | 750,000 | - | 750,000 | |||||||||
Issuance of common stock for cash | 55,000 | 802,929 | 3,991,449 | |||||||||
Net cash provided from (used by) financing activities | 1,325,500 | 1,065,372 | 5,832,361 | |||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 578,200 | (31,366 | ) | 598,623 | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 20,423 | 51,789 | - | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 598,623 | $ | 20,423 | $ | 598,623 | ||||||
Supplemental disclosure | ||||||||||||
Interest paid during the period | $ | 257,754 | $ | 6,726 | $ | 264,480 | ||||||
Taxes paid during the period | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||
Non-Cash Transactions | ||||||||||||
Conversion of debt to equity | $ | 270,844 | $ | 100,000 | $ | 370,844 | ||||||
Debt discounts attributable to derivative valuation | $ | 152,078 | $ | 167,699 | $ | 319,777 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited financial statements.
23 |
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc. |
(a Development Stage Enterprise) |
Notes to Financial Statements |
For the years ended, July 31, 2013 and 2012 |
and from inception (June 21, 2005) to July 31, 2013 |
1. | Organization, Description of Business, and Basis of Accounting |
Business Organization
Lightlake Therapeutics Inc., (formerly known as Madrona Ventures, Inc.) (“Lightlake” or the “Company”), was originally incorporated in the State of Nevada on June 21, 2005. On September 16, 2009, the Company changed its name to Lightlake Therapeutics Inc. The Company’s fiscal year end is July 31.
Development Stage Entity
The Company is a development stage company as defined by ASC 915, Development Stage Entities. The Company is still devoting substantially all of its efforts on establishing the business and its planned principal operations have not commenced. All losses accumulated since inception have been considered as part of the Company's development stage activities.
2. | Going Concern |
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. However, the Company has incurred significant losses and is dependent on obtaining adequate capital to fund operating losses until it becomes profitable. If the Company is unable to obtain the necessary funding it could cease operations as a new enterprise. This raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from this uncertainty
3. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Basis of Presentation and use of estimates
The Company prepares its financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents were $598,623 and $20,423 at July 31, 2013 and July 31, 2012, respectively. The Company maintains cash balances at a financial institution located in London, England (United Kingdom) and is insured up to $128,999 by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (United Kingdom equivalent of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation). The Company’s balances exceeded these insured limits.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company follows ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, for its fixed assets. Property and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over estimated useful lives (3 to 7 years). The Company capitalizes all asset purchases greater than $500 having a useful life greater than one year.
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The Company follows ASC 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other for its intellectual property asset. Intellectual property consists of patents which are stated at their fair value acquisition cost. Amortization is calculated by the straight line method over their estimated useful lives (20 years).
Long-lived assets such as property and equipment and identifiable intangibles are reviewed for impairment whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. When required impairment losses on assets to be held and used are recognized based on the fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined based on estimates of future cash flows, market value of similar assets, if available, or independent appraisals, if required. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the carrying amount and fair value of the asset. When fair values are not available, the Company estimates fair value using the expected future cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk associated with the recovery of the assets. The Company did not recognize any impairment losses for any years presented.
Earnings (Loss) per Share
The Company follows ASC 260, Earnings per Share. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the respective period presented in the Company’s accompanying financial statements.
Fully diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed similar to basic income (loss) per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of common stock equivalents (primarily outstanding options and warrants).
Common stock equivalents represent the dilutive effect of the assumed exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants, using the treasury stock method, at either the beginning of the respective period presented or the date of issuance, whichever is later, and only if the common stock equivalents are considered dilutive based upon the Company’s net loss position at the calculation date.
Dilutive earnings per share have not been disclosed, as the result would be anti-dilutive. At July 31, 2013, potentially dilutive common stock equivalents are approximately 178,805,000 consisting of 177,725,000 options and warrants and 1,080,000 from convertible notes payable.
Research and Development Costs
The Company follows ASC 730, Research and Development, and expenses all research and development costs as incurred for which there is no alternative future use. These costs also include the expensing of employee compensation and employee stock based compensation.
Stock-Based Compensation
ASC 718 “Compensation – Stock Compensation” prescribes accounting and reporting standards for all share-based payment transactions in which employee services are acquired. Transactions include incurring liabilities, or issuing or offering to issue shares, options, and other equity instruments such as employee stock ownership plans and stock appreciation rights. Share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, are recognized as compensation expense in the financial statements based on their fair values. That expense is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period).
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation issued to non-employees and consultants in accordance with the provisions of ASC 505-50, “Equity – Based Payments to Non-Employees.” Measurement of share-based payment transactions with non-employees is based on the fair value of whichever is more reliably measurable: (a) the goods or services received; or (b) the equity instruments issued. The fair value of the share-based payment transaction is determined at the earlier of performance commitment date or performance completion date.
The Company had stock-based compensation of $937,353 and $10,048,857 for the years ending July 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments
FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (ASC 820) defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between (1) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs) and (2) an entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).
The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates); and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
Level 3 - Inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.
Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of July 31, 2013. The respective carrying value of certain on-balance-sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. These financial instruments include accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued compensation and accrued expenses. The fair value of the Company’s notes payable is estimated based on current rates that would be available for debt of similar terms which is not significantly different from its stated value.
The Company applied ASC 820 for all non-financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. The adoption of ASC 820 for non-financial assets and liabilities did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
Commitments and Contingencies
The Company follows ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies to report accounting for contingencies. Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated. There were no commitments or contingencies as of July 31, 2013.
Related Parties
The Company follows ASC 850, Related Party Disclosures, for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions. Related party transactions for the years ending July 31, 2013 and 2012 totaled $350,000 and $136,412, respectively, and were comprised of loans to the Company.
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Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740 “Income Taxes.” Under the asset and liability method of ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period the enactment occurs. A valuation allowance is provided for certain deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize tax assets through future operations. At July 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, the deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability accounts, as recorded when material to the financial statements, are entirely the result of temporary differences. Temporary differences represent differences in the recognition of assets and liabilities for tax and financial reporting purposes, primarily share based compensation and loss on settlement of debt.
As of July 31, 2013 and 2012, the deferred tax asset related to the Company’s net operating loss (NOL) carry-forward is fully reserved.
Foreign Currency Translation
The Company’s functional currency is the United States Dollar. In accordance with ASC Topic 830, “Foreign Currency Translation,” foreign denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into their United States Dollar equivalents using foreign exchange rates which prevailed at the balance sheet date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction date. Revenue and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange during the year. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in results of operations.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or other standard setting bodies that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations upon adoption.
In February, 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. This newly issued accounting standard requires an entity to present either in a single note or parenthetically on the face of the financial statements; the effect of significant amounts reclassified from each component of accumulated other comprehensive income based on its source. If a component is not required to be reclassified to net income in its entirety, it is cross-referenced to the related footnote for additional information. This ASU is effective for reporting years beginning after December 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. As the objective of this accounting standard is to improve the reporting of classifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income and the information is already required to be disclosed elsewhere in the financial statements the adoption of this standard has not impacted our financial position or results of operations.
In January, 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. This newly issued accounting standard clarifies that the scope of ASU 2011-11 applies to derivatives, including bifurcated embedded derivatives, repurchase agreements, and reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and securities lending transactions that are either offset or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. This ASU is required to be applied retrospectively and is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning on or after January 1, 2013. As this accounting standard only requires enhanced disclosure, the adoption of this standard has not impacted the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
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In July, 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-02, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment. This accounting standard simplifies how an entity tests indefinite-lived intangible assets by permitting an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test. The more likely than not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent. This ASU is effective for annual and interim impairment tests for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. As the objective is to reduce the cost and complexity of impairment testing, adoption of this standard did not impact the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
In December, 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05, which defers the requirement within ASU 2011-05 to present on the face of the financial statements the effects of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the components of net income and other comprehensive income for all periods presented. During the deferral, entities should continue to report reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income consistent with the presentation requirements in effect prior to the issuance of ASU 2011-05. These ASUs are required to be applied retrospectively and are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. As these accounting standards did not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income, the adoption of these standards did not impact the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
In December, 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities (ASU 2011-11). This accounting standard requires an entity to disclose both gross and net information about instruments and transactions eligible for offset in the statement of financial position as well as instruments and transactions executed under a master netting or similar arrangement and was issued to enable users of financial statements to understand the effects or potential effects of those arrangements on its financial position. This ASU is required to be applied retrospectively and is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning on or after January 1, 2013. As this accounting standard only requires enhanced disclosure, the adoption of this standard is not expected to have an impact the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
Except for rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws and a limited number of grandfathered standards, the FASB Accounting Standards Codification™ (“ASC”) is the sole source of authoritative GAAP literature recognized by the FASB and applicable to the Company. Management has reviewed the aforementioned rules and releases and believes any effect will not have a material impact on the Company’s present or future consolidated financial statements.
4. | Concentrations of Credit Risk Arising from Cash Deposits in Excess of Insured Limits |
The Company maintains its cash balances at one financial institution in several accounts. This bank is located in London, England (United Kingdom) and is insured by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (United Kingdom equivalent of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) and is insured up to $128,999 or 85,000 GBP. At July 31, 2013 the Company had uninsured cash balances $469,624.
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5. | Related Party Transactions |
At July 31, 2013, the Company had loans outstanding with its three officers and a director in the amount of $350,000. During December 2012, funds were advanced in the amount of $350,000 to cover the short-term cash needs of the Company. These loans accrue interest at 6.0% per annum. Additionally, loans from the prior year were forgiven in the amount of $136,412.
Prior to fiscal 2009, and though the date of the Belmont Agreement (See Note 11), a former officer of the Company advanced funds to the Company for working capital needs. The amounts were non-interest bearing, unsecured, with no stated terms or repayment. Concurrent with the Belmont Agreement, the former officer forgave the advances aggregating $28,816.
6. | Income Taxes |
The Company provides for income taxes asset and liability approach in accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities and the tax rates in effect when these differences are expected to reverse. This method requires the reduction of deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The provision for income taxes differs from the amounts which would be provided by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to the net loss before provision for income taxes for the following reasons:
July 31, 2013 | July 31, 2012 | |||||||
Income tax expense at statutory rate | $ | (1,584,705 | ) | $ | (4,618,199 | ) | ||
Valuation allowance | 1,584,705 | 4,619,199 | ||||||
Income tax expense per books | $ | - | $ | - |
Net deferred tax assets consist of the following components as of:
July 31, 2013 | July 31, 2012 | |||||||
Net Operating Loss Carryover | $ | (10,916,974 | ) | $ | (9,106,205 | ) | ||
Valuation allowance | 10,916,974 | 9,106,205 | ||||||
Net deferred tax asset | $ | - | $ | - |
The Company has a net operating loss carryover of $27,942,030 as of July 31, 2013 which begins to expire in 2026. Due to the change in ownership provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, net operating loss carry-forwards for federal income tax reporting purposes are subject to annual limitations. Should a change in ownership occur net operating loss carry forwards may be limited as to use in future years.
The Company has net operating loss carry-forwards that were derived solely from operating losses from prior years. These amounts can be carried forward to offset future taxable income for a period of 20 years for each tax year’s loss. No provision was made for federal income taxes as the Company has significant net operating losses.
At July 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company has established a valuation allowance equal to the deferred tax assets as there is no assurance that the Company will generate future taxable income to utilize these assets.
Due to the provisions of Internal Revenue Code Section 338, the Company may have no net operating loss carry-forwards available to offset financial statement or tax return taxable income in future periods as a result of a change in control involving 50 percentage points or more of the issued and outstanding securities of the Company. The Company had no uncertain tax positions at July 31, 2013 and 2012.
7. | Patent and Patent Applications |
On August 24, 2009, the Company acquired European Patent EP1681057B1 and U.S. Patent Application 11/031,534 through the issuance of 20,333,000 shares of its common stock. The Company recorded the patents at $20,333, which approximated the fair market value. The costs associated with these patents are being depreciated on a straight line basis over a period of 20 years.
On December 16, 2011 the Company acquired U.S. Patent 5,587,381, entitled: ‘Method for terminating methadone maintenance through extinction of the opiate-taking responses, using an opioid antagonist as treatment.’ This patent was acquired for 7,116,667 warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock at a price of $0.25 per share. The issuance date of these warrants was November 29, 2010 and expire in five years.
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8. | Convertible Notes Payable |
The following debt is outstanding:
A Convertible Note Payable, with an original face value of $25,000, dated October 29, 2012, maturing April 29, 2013, accrues interest at 12%, having a debt discount of $25,000 amortized to interest with $0 unamortized, convertible at 50% discount to market, defined as the average of the three lowest trading prices during the ten trading day period prior to the conversion date (effective discount estimated at 80%). If converted at July 31, 2013, it would represent approximately 1,080,000 additional shares. Interest accrued to date is $2,260.
Convertible Note Payable | $ | 25,000 | ||
Less: Long-term portion | - | |||
Current Portion | $ | 25,000 |
The Company evaluated the terms of these notes in accordance with ASC Topic No. 815 – 40, Derivatives and Hedging and determined that the underlying common stock is indexed to the Company’s common stock. The Company determined that the conversion feature met the definition of a liability and therefore the conversion options was bifurcated for accounting purposes and accounted for at fair value as a derivative liability.. The Company has recognized a derivative liability at origination, in excess of the loan amount, of which $25,000 was recognized as a debt discount, which has been amortized over the life of the loan to interest expense. A charge to the statement of operations was made to provide for the remaining portion of the recognized derivative liability at origination. The Company has re-measured the derivative at year end, resulting in a liability of $9,666 as of July 31, 2013.
The derivative valuation was calculated using the Black-Scholes Model for the conversion feature. Assumptions to the calculation were as follows:
Weighted Average: | ||||
Dividend rate | 0.00 | % | ||
Risk-free interest rate | .11 | % | ||
Expected lives (years) | 0.493 | |||
Expected price volatility | 76.9 | % | ||
Forfeiture Rate | 0.00 | % |
9. | Deferred Revenue |
On April 16, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement and subsequently received funding in the amount of $600,000 for the research, development, marketing and commercialization of a product relating to a treatment for opioid addiction. In exchange for this funding, the Company agreed to pay the investor 6.0% of the net profit generated from the product in perpetuity. Net profit is defined as the pre-tax profit generated from the product after the deduction of all expenses incurred by and payments made by the Company in connection with the product, including but not limited to an allocation of Company overhead. If the product is not introduced to the market and not approved for marketing within 24 months the investor will have a sixty day option to receive 7,500,000 shares of common stock in lieu of the 6.0% interest in the product.
30 |
On May 30, 2013 entered into an agreement and subsequently received additional funding totaling $150,000 for the research, development, marketing and commercialization of a product relating to a treatment for opioid addiction. In exchange for this funding, the Company agreed to pay the investor 1.50% of the net profit generated from the product in perpetuity. Net profit is defined as the pre-tax profit generated from the product after the deduction of all expenses incurred by and payments made by the Company in connection with the product, including but not limited to an allocation of Company overhead. If the product is not introduced to the market and not approved for marketing within 24 months the investor will have a sixty day option to receive 1,875,000 shares of common stock in lieu of the 1.50% interest in the product.
On July 17, 2013, the Company entered into a three year consulting agreement for consulting and advisory services related to the development of the Company’s naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray. In exchange for these services, the Company has agreed to pay the consultant 5.0% of the net profit generated from the product in perpetuity. Net profit is defined as the pre-tax profit generated from the product after the deduction of all expenses incurred by and payments made by the Company in connection with the product, including but not limited to an allocation of Company overhead. If the product is not introduced to the market and not approved for marketing within 24 months the consultant will have a sixty day option to receive 6,250,000 shares of common stock in lieu of the 5.0% interest in the product.
This investment was accounted for as a liability pursuant to current accounting research until such time as the product comes to market, at which time it will be recognized as revenue. However, if the milestone is not achieved then the investment will be recorded as additional paid-in capital upon issuance of the common stock.
10. | Stockholders’ Equity |
Common Stock
The Company has 200,000,000 common shares authorized at a par value of $0.001. At July 31, 2013 and July 31, 2012 there were 164,699,973 and 126,083,416 shares issued and outstanding, respectively. The Company has no other classes of shares authorized for issuance.
During the year ended July 31, 2010, the Company effectuated a 20 for 1 forward stock split. Subsequently, the Company’s chief executive officer cancelled 100,000,000 common shares beneficially owned by him through his ownership in Pelikin Group.
During the year ended July 31, 2010, the Company issued 4,150,000 common shares to various individuals and entities for services rendered to the Company. The aggregate value of the shares issued was $1,358,800 based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock at the date of issuance, which approximates the fair market value of the services rendered.
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On October 6, 2010, the Company issued 200,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $30,000.
On October 13, 2010, the Company issued 80,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $12,000.
On November 17, 2010, the Company sold 1,020,000 shares of its common stock at $0.25 per share which represented discount to market in the amount of $71,400. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at $326,400.
On December 1, 2010, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares to one its key officers as share based compensation. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $320,000.
On December 15, 2010, the Company sold 800,000 shares of its common stock at $0.25 per share which represented discount to market in the amount of $40,000. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at $240,000.
On December 22, 2010, the Company issued 400,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $128,000.
On January 4, 2011, the Company sold 80,000 shares of its common stock at $0.25 per share which represented discount to market in the amount of $5,600. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at $25,600.
On January 26, 2011, the Company issued 310,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $93,000.
On February 14, 2011, the Company issued 90,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $45,450.
On February 25, 2011, the Company issued 200,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $144,000.
On March 9, 2011, the Company issued 80,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $48,000.
On March 9, 2011, the Company sold 920,000 shares of its common stock at $0.25 per share which represented discount to market in the amount of $322,000. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at $552,000.
On March 17, 2011, the Company sold 620,000 shares of its common stock at $0.25 per share which represented discount to market in the amount of $303,800. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at $458,800.
On March 25, 2011, the Company issued 250,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $197,500.
On March 25, 2011, the Company sold 140,000 shares of its common stock at $0.25 per share which represented discount to market in the amount of $75,600. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at $110,600.
On March 29, 2011, the Company issued 400,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $260,000.
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On April 5, 2011, the Company issued 800,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $544,000.
On April 7, 2011, the Company issued 200,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $122,000.
On April 7, 2011, the Company sold 340,000 shares of its common stock at $0.25 per share, which represented a discount to market in the amount of $85,000. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at $207,400.
On April 20, 2011, the Company issued 680,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $462,400.
On April 20, 2011, the Company sold 1,680,000 shares of its common stock at $0.25 per share, which represented a discount to market in the amount of $420,000. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at $1,142,400.
On April 27, 2011, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $670,000.
On April 28, 2011, the Company issued 600,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $402,000.
On April 29, 2011, the Company issued 200,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $180,000.
On May 25, 2011, the Company issued 500,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $400,000.
On June 3, 2011, the Company issued 940,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $704,800.
On June 10, 2011, the Company issued 200,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $130,000.
On July 5, 2011, the Company issued 928,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $658,880.
On July 14, 2011, the Company issued 598,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $442,520.
On July 21, 2011, the Company issued 100,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $72,300.
On August 5, 2011, the Company issued 700,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $434,000.
On September 13, 2011, the Company issued 8,900,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $3,560,000.
On October 6, 2011, the Company issued 80,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $38,400.
On October 25, 2011, the Company issued 50,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $17,000.
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On November 17, 2011, the Company issued 5,200,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $2,346,000.
On November 23, 2011, the Company issued 225,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $94,500.
On December 6, 2011, the Company issued 3,100,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $1,069,500.
On December 15, 2011, the Company issued 2,500,000 shares as compensation to an officer, valued at market, in the amount of $700,000.
On March 28, 2012, the Company issued 75,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $7,125.
On March 28, 2012, the Company issued 3,500,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $332,500.
On April 5, 2012, the Company issued 6,520,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $652,000.
On April 13, 2012, the Company issued 170,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $15,980.
On April 17, 2012, the Company issued 1,234,568 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $49,383.
On May 5, 2012, the Company issued 728,863 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $102,469.
On June 28, 2012, the Company issued 945,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $111,699.
On July 24, 2012, the Company issued 1,200,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $186,000.
On July 30, 2012, the Company issued 2,107,237 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $316,086.
On August 27, 2012, the Company issued 2,000,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $222,000.
On September 18, 2012, the Company issued 200,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $27,000.
On October 5, 2012, the Company issued 1,069,636 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $173,281.
On October 23, 2012, the Company issued 800,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $124,000.
On November 15, 2012, the Company issued 250,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $35,000.
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On January 14, 2013, the Company issued 100,628 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $7,044.
On February 21, 2013, the Company issued 2,000,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $120,000.
On March 14, 2013, the Company issued 750,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $37,500.
On March 25, 2013, the Company sold 666,667 shares of its common stock at $0.06 per share through a private placement the amount of this transaction was $40,000.
On March 29, 2013, the Company sold 250,000 shares of its common stock at $0.06 per share through a private placement the amount of this transaction was $15,000.
On June 7, 2013, the Company issued 2,000,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $82,000.
On July 15, 2013, the Company issued 856,708 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $20,561.
On July 16, 2013, the Company issued 675,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $18,900.
On July 26, 2013, the Company issued 438,596 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $13,816.
Stock Based Compensation
As required by the Stock Compensation Topic, ASC 718, the Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share based payment awards made to the officers and directors based on estimated fair values. Stock based compensation expense recognized in the Statement of Operations for the years, July 31, 2013 and 2012 was $2,012,285 and $531,250, respectively.
On December 15, 2010, the Company granted two of its officers options to purchase 7,500,000 shares of its common stock at $0.60 per share. Also, on December 15, 2010, the Company granted its Chief Executive Officer options to purchase 1,000,000 shares at a price of $1.20 per share. These options expire December 15, 2013. The Company’s stock price closed at $0.30 on the date these options were granted. The Company is recognizing the expense over the vesting period. The total fair value of the compensation was computed to be $2,550,000, of which $1,000,000 has been recognized as compensation expense for the year ended July 31, 2013.
On July 21, 2011, the Company issued 100,000 shares in exchange for services rendered. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $72,300.
On July 5, 2011, the Company issued 72,000 shares to its Chief Executive Officer. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $51,120.
On December 15, 2011, the Company issued 2,500,000 shares to its Chief Executive Officer. The shares issued in this transaction were valued at market and amounted to $700,000.
On January 30, 2012, the Company granted all of its executive officers at the time options to purchase a total of 8,000,000 shares of its common stock at $0.08 per share. These options expire in three years on January 29, 2015. The Company’s stock price closed at $0.057 on the date these options were granted. The Company has valued these options using appropriate valuation methods, which resulted in a fair market value of $640,000, of which $213,333 has been recognized for the year ended, July 31, 2013.
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On December 31, 2012, the Company granted its executive officers and one director cashless stock options to purchase a total of 24,500,000 shares of its common stock at $0.15 per share. These options expire in five years on December 30, 2017. These options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the earliest date on which the price per share has traded at or above $0.30 for at least three trading days out of any ten consecutive trading days; and (ii) December 30, 2017. The Company’s stock price closed at $0.08 on the date these options were granted. The Company has valued these options using appropriate valuation methods, which resulted in a fair market value of $1,960,000, of which $381,111 has been recognized during the year ended, July 31, 2013.
On December 31, 2012, the Company granted two of its executive officers cashless stock options to purchase a total of 5,000,000 shares of its common stock at $0.12 per share. These options expire in ten years on December 30, 2022. These options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the earliest date on which the price per share has traded at or above $0.30 for at least three trading days out of any ten consecutive trading days; and (ii) December 30, 2022. The Company’s stock price closed at $0.08 on the date these options were granted. The Company has valued these options using appropriate valuation methods, which resulted in a fair market value of $400,000 of which $78,778 has been recognized during the year ended, July 31, 2013.
On May 1, 2013, the Company granted its executive officers cashless stock options to purchase a total of 15,000,000 shares of its common stock at $.08 per share. These options expire in ten years on April 30, 2023. 7,500,000 of these options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which an Investigational New Drug Application is submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the Company’s product that is expected to enter into an initial trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health; and (ii) April 30, 2023. 7,500,000 of these options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which the aforementioned initial trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health commences; and (ii) April 30, 2023.
On May 1, 2013, the Company granted its executive officers cashless stock options to purchase a total of 7,500,000 shares of its common stock at $.10 per share. These options expire in ten years on April 30, 2023. 3,750,000 of these options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which an Investigational New Drug Application is submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the Company’s product that is expected to enter into an initial trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health; and (ii) April 30, 2023. 3,750,000 of these options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which the aforementioned initial trial sponsored by the National Institutes of Health commences; and (ii) April 30, 2023.
At July 31, 2013, the total stock based compensation cost which has not been recognized is $1,629,388. These remaining costs are expected to be recognized over the next 10 1/2 years.
Warrants
On December 16, 2011, the Company acquired US Patent No. 5,587,381, for 7,116,667 warrants to purchase the Company’s common stock at a price of $0.25 per share. The issuance date of these warrants was November 29, 2010 and they expire in five years.
On December 15, 2010, the Company issued 1,900,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on December 15, 2015.
On March 15, 2011, the Company issued 920,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on March 1, 2016.
On March 15, 2011, the Company issued 1,760,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on March 15, 2016.
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On April 25, 2011, the Company issued 280,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on April 25, 2016.
On May 6, 2011, the Company issued 200,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on May 6, 2016.
On July 8, 2011, the Company issued 40,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on July 8, 2016.
On July 21, 2011, the Company issued 100,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on July 21, 2016.
On August 5, 2011, the Company issued 300,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on August 5, 2016.
On August 22, 2011, the Company issued 50,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on August 22, 2016.
On September 6, 2011, the Company issued 60,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on September 6, 2016.
On September 21, 2011, the Company issued 200,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on September 21, 2016.
On September 27, 2011, the Company issued 200,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on September 27, 2016.
On October 6, 2011, the Company issued 200,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on October 6, 2016.
On November 1, 2011, The Company issued 5,300,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share pursuant to an exclusive marketing agreement with AMF Group. This company guaranteed sales in Central and South America and India in the amount of $23.4 to $27 million upon approval. These warrants expire in five years, on October 31, 2016. Warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes model, resulting in valuation of $1,071,000, of which $142,800 has been recognized in the current year.
On March 14, 2012, the Company issued 8,400,000 warrants with an exercise price of $0.50 to AMF Group pursuant to an exclusive marketing agreement for Central and South America and India dated November 1, 2011. These warrants expire March 14, 2017. Warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes model, resulting in valuation of $378,000, of which $18,900 has been recognized in the current year.
On March 28, 2012, the Company issued 1,500,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.20 per share. These warrants expire on March 28, 2017.
On April 5, 2012, the Company issued 20,000 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.50 per share. These warrants expire on April 5, 2017.
On May 3, 2012, the Company issued 428,572 warrants to purchase its common stock at $0.14 per share. These warrants expire on May 3, 2017.
On December 31, 2012, the Company issued a total of 72,500,000 warrants to its executive officers and a director purchase its common stock at $0.15 per share. These warrants expire in five years on December 30, 2017. These options may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the earliest date on which the price per share has traded at or above $0.30 for at least three trading days out of any ten consecutive trading days; and (ii) December 30, 2017.
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Below is a summary of options and warrants outstanding:
Weighted Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
WARRANTS | OPTIONS | Options and Warrants | Intrinsic | Exercise | Remaining | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding | Vested | Outstanding | Vested | Outstanding | Vested | Value | Price | Term | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance - July 31-10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | $ | (0.45 | ) | $ | 0.60 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Granted | 12,316,667 | 12,316,667 | 8,500,000 | 8,500,000 | 20,816,667 | 8,500,000 | $ | 0.00 | $ | 0.14 | 1.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercised | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forfeited / expired | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance - July 31-11 | 12,316,667 | 12,316,667 | 8,500,000 | 8,500,000 | 20,816,667 | 8,500,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Granted | 16,658,572 | 16,658,572 | 10,500,000 | 10,500,000 | 27,158,572 | 10,500,000 | $ | 0.06 | $ | 0.09 | 2.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercised | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forfeited / expired | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance - July 31-12 | 28,975,239 | 28,975,239 | 19,000,000 | 19,000,000 | 47,975,239 | 19,000,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Granted | 72,500,000 | 72,500,000 | 57,250,000 | 57,250,000 | 129,750,000 | 57,250,000 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 0.15 | 3.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercised | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forfeited / expired | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance - July 31-13 | 101,475,239 | 101,475,239 | 76,250,000 | 76,250,000 | 177,725,239 | 76,250,000 |
Options and warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes Method. The significant assumptions used in the valuation of the options and warrants issued were:
Weighted Average: | ||||
Dividend rate | 0.0 | % | ||
Risk-free interest rate | 1.34 | % | ||
Expected lives (years) | 7.9 | |||
Expected price volatility | 78.9 | % | ||
Forfeiture Rate | 0.0 | % |
11. | Common Stock Purchase Agreement |
On June 26, 2009, the Company completed a common stock purchase agreement (the Belmont Agreement) whereby Belmont Partners, LLC acquired 5,000,000 common shares of the Company’s common stock. Following the transaction, Belmont Partners, LLC controlled approximately 76.6% of the Company’s outstanding capital stock. Concurrent with the agreement, Mr. Joseph Meuse, managing member of Belmont Partners, LLC, was named to the Board of Directors as well as President and Secretary of the Company, and the Company’s former officers resigned from all positions held in the Company.
In connection with the Belmont Agreement, the Company’s former officers forgave amounts advanced to the Company aggregating $28,816 as well as either paid or assumed the remaining other liabilities of the Company aggregating $14,347. Accordingly, the Company recorded a gain on debt extinguishment of $43,163.
On October 31, 2009, the Company completed a common stock purchase agreement (the Pelikin Agreement) whereby Pelikin Group acquired 5,000,000 common shares of the Company’s common stock from Belmont Partners. Following the transaction, Pelikin Group controlled approximately 76.6% of the Company’s outstanding capital stock.
12. | Subsequent Events |
Management has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. Based on this evaluation no events have occurred requiring adjustment or disclosure.
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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
On October 11, 2011, Peter Messineo, CPA (“PM”) was appointed as the Company’s new auditor. In December 2012, PM merged into the firm known as DKM Certified Public Accountants of Clearwater, Florida (“DKM”). PM has audited Lightlake’s most recent financial statements, as of July 31, 2012. In April 2013, the agreement of DKM and PM was terminated. The successor firm, Messineo & Co., CPAs, LLC, is a continuation of the audit firm PM.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of Lightlake’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and the principal financial officer, the Company has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded as of the evaluation date that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective such that the material information required to be included in the Company’s Securities and Exchange Commission reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms relating to the Company, particularly during the period when this report was being prepared.
Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Lightlake’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, for the Company.
Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of Lightlake’s assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that the Company’s receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Company’s management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Lightlake’s management recognizes that there are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any system of internal control, and accordingly, even effective internal control can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and may not prevent or detect material misstatements. In addition, effective internal control at a point in time may become ineffective in future periods because of changes in conditions or due to deterioration in the degree of compliance with the Company’s established policies and procedures.
A material weakness is a significant deficiency, or combination of significant deficiencies, that results in there being a more than remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected.
Under the supervision and with the participation of Lightlake’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, as of the evaluation date, based on the framework set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on its evaluation under this framework, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of the evaluation date.
Lightlake’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of evaluation date and identified the following material weaknesses:
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LACK OF AUDIT COMMITTEE & ONE OUTSIDE DIRECTOR ON THE COMPANY'S BOARD OF DIRECTORS:
Lightlake does not have a functioning audit committee and the Company has one outside director on the Company’s board of directors, resulting in ineffective oversight in the establishment and monitoring of required internal controls and procedures.
Lightlake’s management is committed to improving the Company’s internal controls and will (1) continue to use third party specialists to address shortfalls in staffing and to assist the Company with accounting and finance responsibilities, (2) increase the frequency of independent reconciliations of significant accounts which will mitigate the lack of segregation of duties until there are sufficient personnel, and (3) may consider appointing outside directors and audit committee members in the future.
Lightlake’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has discussed the material weakness noted above with the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. Due to the nature of this material weakness, there is a more than remote likelihood that misstatements which could be material to the annual or interim financial statements could occur that would not be prevented or detected.
This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of Lightlake’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management's report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the SEC that permit the Company to provide only management's report in this annual report.
Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
There were no significant changes in Lightlake’s internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the evaluation date.
Item 9B. Other Information.
Reference is made to the disclosure set forth under the caption Sales of Unregistered Securities in Item 5 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is incorporated by reference herein.
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PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Our directors, executive officers and key employees are listed below. The number of directors is determined by our board of directors. All directors hold office until the next annual meeting of the board or until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. Officers are elected by the board of directors and their terms of office are, except to the extent governed by employment contract, at the discretion of the board of directors.
NAME | AGE | POSITION | ||
Dr. Michael Sinclair | 70 | Executive Chairman, Chairman of the Board | ||
Dr. Roger Crystal | 37 | Chief Executive Officer, President, Director | ||
Kevin Pollack | 43 | Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary, Director | ||
Geoffrey Wolf | 60 | Director |
Set forth below is a brief description of the background and business experience of our executive officers and directors for the past five years.
Dr. Michael Sinclair has been the Executive Chairman and Director of Lightlake since November 29, 2010. Dr. Sinclair qualified as a physician in 1967, specializing in psychiatry. He has built both private and public healthcare businesses, establishing medical facilities and hospitals in the US, Middle East, Far East, Australia and UK, including the Portland in London, which was his personal vision to launch the first private hospital in Britain dedicated to treating women and children. He serves on the Board of Overseers (Emeritus) of Tufts University Medical School, where, together with Dean Mort Madoff, he founded the US’ first combined MD/MBA program. Dr. Sinclair has been the Chairman of Symthera Inc., Advanced Oncotherapty Plc., and Emess Biosciences Ltd.
Dr. Sinclair’s qualifications to serve on our board of directors include his medical and management experience.
Dr. Roger Crystal has been Chief Executive Officer and Director of Lightlake since September 23, 2009. He has an extensive background in healthcare, having worked as a surgeon in London’s leading hospitals, before transitioning into business. He has experience working in strategy healthcare consulting, serving across several functions in the UK National Health Service and with global pharmaceutical clients. In addition to his medical degree, he was awarded membership of The Royal College of Surgeons of England and holds an MBA from London Business School, where he gained M&A experience at Goldman Sachs.
Dr. Crystal’s qualifications to serve on our board of directors include his knowledge of the healthcare industry.
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Kevin Pollack has been Chief Financial Officer and Director of Lightlake since November 26, 2012 and April 17, 2012, respectively. Mr. Pollack has served as a director and audit committee member of MagneGas Corporation (NASDAQ:MNGA), the developer of a technology that converts liquid waste into a hydrogen-based metal working fuel and natural gas alternative, since June 21, 2012. Additionally, Mr. Pollack has served as a director and chair of the audit committee of Pressure Biosciences, Inc. (OTCQB:PBIO), a life sciences company involved in pressure cycling technology, since July 3, 2012. Mr. Pollack serves as President of Short Hills Capital LLC, where he provides a range of advisory services to investors, asset management firms, institutions and companies. Previously, Mr. Pollack worked in asset management at Paragon Capital, focusing primarily on U.S.-listed companies, and as an investment banker at Banc of America Securities LLC, focusing on corporate finance and mergers and acquisitions. Mr. Pollack started his career at Sidley Austin LLP (formerly Brown & Wood LLP) as a securities attorney focusing on corporate finance and on mergers and acquisitions. Mr. Pollack graduated magna cum laude from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and received a dual JD/MBA from Vanderbilt University, where he graduated with Beta Gamma Sigma honors.
Mr. Pollack’s qualifications to serve on our board of directors include his financial and management experience, including his experience with other public companies.
Geoffrey Wolf has been a Director of Lightlake since December 31, 2012. Mr. Wolf resides in Switzerland. During 2008 to 2012, Mr. Wolf managed Vector Assets S.A., an asset management company, which controlled companies in the mining, oil and gas, pharmaceuticals, hospitality and real estate industries. Since 2013, Mr. Wolf has been managing GTL Investments Limited, an asset management company, which controls companies in the mining, oil and gas, pharmaceuticals, hospitality and real estate industries. He received a business degree from Middlesex University in 1976.
Mr. Wolf’s qualifications to serve on our board of directors include his financial and management experience.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers has, during the past ten years:
● | been convicted in a criminal proceeding or been subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses); |
● | had any bankruptcy petition filed by or against the business or property of the person, or of any partnership, corporation or business association of which he was a general partner or executive officer, either at the time of the bankruptcy filing or within two years prior to that time; |
● | been subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction or federal or state authority, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting, his involvement in any type of business, securities, futures, commodities, investment, banking, savings and loan, or insurance activities, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity; |
● | been found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated; |
● | been the subject of, or a party to, any federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated (not including any settlement of a civil proceeding among private litigants), relating to an alleged violation of any federal or state securities or commodities law or regulation, any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order, or any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or |
● | been the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member. |
Except as set forth in our discussion below in “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions,” none of our directors or executive officers has been involved in any transactions with us or any of our directors, executive officers, affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Commission.
Term of Office
Our directors are appointed for a one-year term to hold office until the next annual general meeting of our shareholders or until removed from office in accordance with our bylaws. Our officers are appointed by our board of directors and hold office until removed by the board.
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Code of Ethics
Lightlake does not currently have a code of ethics, and because the Company has only limited business operations and only three officers and four directors, the Company believes that a code of ethics would have limited utility. The Company intends to adopt such a code of ethics as Lightlake’s business operations expand and the Company has more directors, officers, and employees.
Director Independence
Pursuant to Rule 5605 of The NASDAQ Stock Market one of the definitions of an independent director is a person other than an executive officer or employee of a company. The Company's board of directors has reviewed the materiality of any relationship that each of the directors has with the Company, either directly or indirectly. Based on this review, the board has determined that the only independent director is Mr. Geoffrey Wolf.
Corporate Governance
For reasons similar to those described above, the Company does not have a nominating nor audit committee of the board of directors. The board of Directors consists of four directors. The Company receives no revenues. At such time that the Company has a larger board of directors and generates revenue, the Company will propose creating committees of its board of directors, including both a nominating and an audit committee. Accordingly, the Company does not have an audit committee financial expert.
Board of Directors and Director Nominees
Since our Board of Directors has one independent director, the decisions of the Board regarding director nominees are made by persons who have an interest in the outcome of the determination. The Board will consider candidates for directors proposed by security holders, although no formal procedures for submitting candidates have been adopted. Unless otherwise determined, at any time not less than 10 days prior to the next annual Board meeting at which a slate of director nominees is adopted, the Board will accept written submissions from proposed nominees that include the name, address and telephone number of the proposed nominee; a brief statement of the nominee’s qualifications to serve as a director; and a statement as to why the security holder submitting the proposed nominee believes that the nomination would be in the best interests of our security holders. If the proposed nominee is not the same person as the security holder submitting the name of the nominee, a letter from the nominee agreeing to the submission of his or her name for consideration should be provided at the time of submission. The letter should be accompanied by a résumé supporting the nominee's qualifications to serve on the Board, as well as a list of references.
The Board identifies director nominees through a combination of referrals from different people, including management, existing Board members and security holders. Once a candidate has been identified, the Board reviews the individual's experience and background and may discuss the proposed nominee with the source of the recommendation. If the Board believes it to be appropriate, Board members may meet with the proposed nominee before making a final determination whether to include the proposed nominee as a member of the slate of director nominees submitted to security holders for election to the Board.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
The Company does not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act and therefore its directors, executive officers, and any persons holding more than ten percent of the Company’s common stock are not required to comply with Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
Summary Compensation Table
The following summary compensation table sets forth all compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to the named executive officers paid by us during the years ended July 31, 2013, and 2012 in all capacities for the accounts of our executives, including the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.
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Name and principal position | Year | Salary($)(1) | Bonus($) | Stock Award(s)($) | Option awards ($)(2) | All Other Compensation($) | Total ($) | |||||||||||||||||||
Dr. Roger Crystal | 2013 | 206,250 | -0- | -0- | 916,500 | (3) | -0- | 1,122,750 | ||||||||||||||||||
CEO | 2012 | 75,000 | -0- | -0- | 260,000 | -0- | 335,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
Kevin Pollack, | 2013 | 150,260 | -0- | -0- | 1,318,500 | (4) | -0- | 1,468,760 | ||||||||||||||||||
CFO | 2012 | -0- | -0- | -0- | 40,000 | -0- | 40,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
Dr. Michael Sinclair | 2013 | 193,750 | -0- | -0- | 2,418,500 | (5) | -0- | 2,612,250 | ||||||||||||||||||
Chairman | 2012 | 45,000 | -0- | -0- | 260,000 | -0- | 305,000 |
(1) | During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2013, only the following amounts of salary were actually paid: $60,000 to Dr. Roger Crystal, $40,000 to Kevin Pollack, and $20,000 to Dr. Michael Sinclair. The remaining amounts have been accrued and are owed. |
(2) | These amounts reflect options and warrants. As of July 31, 2013, all of the all options and warrants held by Dr. Michael Sinclair, Dr. Roger Crystal, and Kevin Pollack, were out-of-the-money. Restrictions on exercise of these options include: (A) 6,000,000, 8,500,000, 6,500,000 options were awarded to Dr. Michael Sinclair, Dr. Roger Crystal, and Kevin Pollack, respectively, exercisable at $0.15 per share. These shares can may only be exercised between the following dates: (a) the earliest date on which the price per share has traded at or above $0.30 for at least three trading days out of any ten consecutive trading days; and (b) their expiration date; (B) 28,5000,000, 4,000,000, 5,500,000 cash warrants were awarded to Dr. Michael Sinclair, Dr. Roger Crystal, and Kevin Pollack, respectively, exercisable at $0.15 per share. These shares can may only be exercised between the following dates: (a) the earliest date on which the price per share has traded at or above $0.30 for at least three trading days out of any ten consecutive trading days; and (b) their expiration date; and (C) Dr. Michael Sinclair, Dr. Roger Crystal and Kevin Pollack were each awarded 2,500,000 options exercisable at $0.10 per share and awarded 5,000,000 options exercisable at $0.08 per share. Fifty percent (50%) of the aforementioned options are exercisable between the following dates: (a) the date on which an Investigational New Drug Application is submitted to the FDA for the Company’s product that is expected to enter into an initial trial sponsored by the NIH; and (b) their expiration date; and the remaining fifty percent (50%) may only be exercised between the following dates: (a) the date on which the aforementioned initial trial sponsored by the NIH commences; and (b) their expiration date. There are no annuity, pension or retirement benefits proposed to be paid to officers, directors, or employees in the event of retirement at normal retirement date pursuant to any presently existing plan provided or contributed to by the company or any of Lightlake’s subsidiaries, if any. |
(3) | Dr. Crystal received options valued at $736,500 and warrants valued at $180,000. |
(4) | Mr. Pollack received options valued at $1,071,500 and warrants valued at $247,000. |
(5) | Dr. Sinclair received options valued at $1,136,500 and warrants valued at $1,282,000. |
Director Compensation
The following table provides information for 2013 regarding all compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to each person who served as a non-employee director for some portion or all of 2012. Other than as set forth in the table, to date we have not paid any fees to or, except for reasonable expenses for attending Board and committee meetings, reimbursed any expenses of our directors, made any equity or non-equity awards to directors, or paid any other compensation to directors.
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All of the options and warrants granted are exercisable at $0.15 per share and may only be exercised between the following dates: (a) the earliest date on which the price per share has traded at or above $0.30 for at least three trading days out of any ten consecutive trading days; and (b) their expiration date.
Name | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) |
Stock Awards ($) |
Option Awards ($)(2) |
Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) |
Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) |
All Other Compensation ($) |
Total ($) |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Geoffrey Wolf(1) | -0- | $ | -0- | 1,832,000 | (3) | -0- | -0- | -0- | $ | 1,832,000 |
(1) | Geoffrey Wolf was appointed as Director on December 31, 2012. |
(2) | This amount reflects options and warrants. |
(3) | This amount includes options valued at $280,000 and warrants valued at $1,552,000. |
Employment Agreements
We have an employment agreement with Dr. Michael Sinclair, our Executive Chairman, which provides for a salary of $300,000 per year, plus 6,000,000 stock options exercisable at $0.15 per share which expire five years from their grant date and warrants to purchase 28,500,000 shares of common stock exercisable at $0.15 per share with a 5 year termination date. The options and warrants may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which the Company’s price per share has traded at or above US$0.30 for at least three (3) trading days out of any ten (10) consecutive trading days; and (ii) five years from the grant date. The employment agreement has a one-year term limit and can be renewed by mutual agreement.
We have an employment agreement with Dr. Roger Crystal, our Chief Executive Officer, which provides for a salary of $300,000 per year, plus 2,500,000 stock options exercisable at $0.12 per share which expire ten years from their grant date and 8,500,000 options exercisable at $0.15 per share which terminate five years from their grant date. The employment agreement also provides warrants to purchase 4,000,000 shares of common stock exercisable at $0.15 per share with a 5 year termination date. The options and warrants with a $0.15 exercise price may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which the Company’s price per share has traded at or above US$0.30 for at least three (3) trading days out of any ten (10) consecutive trading days; and (ii) five years from the grant date. The employment agreement has a one-year term limit and can be renewed by mutual agreement.
We have an employment agreement with Kevin Pollack, our Chief Financial Officer, which provides for a salary of $250,000 per year, plus 2,500,000 stock options exercisable at $0.12 per share which expire ten years from their grant date and 6,500,000 options exercisable at $0.15 per share which terminate five years from their grant date. The employment agreement also provides warrants to purchase 4,000,000 shares of common stock exercisable at $0.15 per share with a 5 year termination date. The options and warrants with a $0.15 exercise price may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which the Company’s price per share has traded at or above US$0.30 for at least three (3) trading days out of any ten (10) consecutive trading days; and (ii) five years from the grant date. The employment agreement has a one-year term limit and can be renewed by mutual agreement.
We have an agreement with Geoffrey Wolf, a director of Lightlake, which provides for the grant of 3,500,000 stock options exercisable at $0.15 per share which terminate five years from their grant date. The director agreement also provides warrants to purchase 34,500,000 shares of common stock exercisable at $0.15 per share with a 5 year termination date. All of the options and warrants may only be exercised between the following dates: (i) the date on which the Company’s price per share has traded at or above US$0.30 for at least three (3) trading days out of any ten (10) consecutive trading days; and (ii) five years from the grant date. The director agreement has a one-year term limit and can be renewed by mutual agreement.
The foregoing descriptions of the agreements are qualified in their entirety by reference to such agreements, which are filed as exhibits, hereto and are incorporated herein by reference.
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Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our shares of common stock beneficially owned as of October 23, 2013, for (i) each stockholder known to be the beneficial owner of 5% or more of our outstanding shares of common stock, (ii) each named executive officer and director, and (iii) all executive officers and directors as a group. A person is considered to beneficially own any shares: (i) over which such person, directly or indirectly, exercises sole or shared voting or investment power, or (ii) of which such person has the right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time within 60 days through an exercise of stock options or warrants. Unless otherwise indicated, voting and investment power relating to the shares shown in the table for our directors and executive officers is exercised solely by the beneficial owner or shared by the owner and the owner’s spouse or children.
For purposes of this table, a person or group of persons is deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of any shares of common stock that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days of October 23, 2013. For purposes of computing the percentage of outstanding shares of our common stock held by each person or group of persons named above, any shares that such person or persons has the right to acquire within 60 days of October 23, 2013 is deemed to be outstanding, but is not deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. The inclusion herein of any shares listed as beneficially owned does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership. Unless otherwise specified, the address of each of the persons set forth below is care of the company at the address of: 86 Gloucester Place, Ground Floor Suite, London, England W1U 6HP.
Name of Beneficial Owner and Address | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock |
Percent of Common Stock (1) |
||||||
5% Shareholders | ||||||||
None. | - | - | % | |||||
Directors and Executive Officers |
||||||||
Kevin Pollack | 40,000,000 | (2) | 19.16 | % | ||||
Dr. Roger Crystal | 48,750,000 | (3) | 22.46 | % | ||||
Dr. Michael Sinclair | 62,832,000 | (4) | 27.73 | % | ||||
Geoffrey Wolf | 56,580,000 | (5) | 25.66 | % | ||||
All directors and officers as a group (4 people) | 208,162,000 | (6) | 56.80 | % |
(1) | As of October 23, 2013, there are 168,800,210 shares issued and outstanding. Shares of common stock subject to options or warrants currently exercisable or expected to be exercisable with the passage of time, are deemed outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage of the person holding such options or warrants, but are not deemed outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage of any other person. |
(2) | This amount includes: (1) 5,500,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants and (2) 34,500,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options. |
(3) | This amount includes: (1) 4,000,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants and (2) 44,250,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options. |
(4) | This amount includes: (1) 28,500,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants and (2) 29,250,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options. |
(5) | This amount includes: (1) 34,500,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants and (2) 3,500,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options. 13,700,000 shares are issuable upon the exercise of warrants held by GTL Investments Limited, of which Geoffrey Wolf is an asset manager. |
(6) | This amount includes an aggregate of 86,200,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants and 111,500,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options. |
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Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The following are the related party transactions in which we have engaged since August 1, 2012:
The Company uses office space provided by an officer of the Company free of charge.
At July 31, 2013, the Company had loans outstanding with its three officers and a director in the amount of $350,000. During December 2012, funds were advanced in the amount of $350,000 to cover the short-term cash needs of the Company. These loans accrue interest at 6.0% per annum. Additionally, loans from the prior year were forgiven in the amount of $136,412.
Director Independence
Because our common stock is not currently listed on a national securities exchange, we have used the definition of “independence” of The NASDAQ Stock Market to make this determination. NASDAQ Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) provides that an “independent director” is a person other than an officer or employee of the company or any other individual having a relationship which, in the opinion of the Company’s Board of Directors, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. The NASDAQ listing rules provide that a director cannot be considered independent if:
● | the director is, or at any time during the past three years was, an employee of the company; |
● | the director or a family member of the director accepted any compensation from the company in excess of $120,000 during any period of 12 consecutive months within the three years preceding the independence determination (subject to certain exclusions, including, among other things, compensation for board or board committee service); |
● | a family member of the director is, or at any time during the past three years was, an executive officer of the company; |
● | the director or a family member of the director is a partner in, controlling stockholder of, or an executive officer of an entity to which the company made, or from which the company received, payments in the current or any of the past three fiscal years that exceed 5% of the recipient’s consolidated gross revenue for that year or $200,000, whichever is greater (subject to certain exclusions); |
● | the director or a family member of the director is employed as an executive officer of an entity where, at any time during the past three years, any of the executive officers of the company served on the compensation committee of such other entity; or |
● | the director or a family member of the director is a current partner of the company’s outside auditor, or at any time during the past three years was a partner or employee of the company’s outside auditor, and who worked on the company’s audit. |
Based on the rule listed above, the Board determined that the Company’s only independent director is Mr. Geoffrey Wolf.
We do not currently have a separately designated audit, nominating or compensation committee.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
The total fees charged to Lightlake for audit services were $10,000, for audit-related services were $6,000, for tax services were $0, and for other services were $0 during the year ended July 31, 2013.
The total fees charged to Lightlake for audit services were $8,000, for audit-related services were $5,000, for tax services were $0, and for other services were $1,500 during the year ended July 31, 2012.
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PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
The following exhibits are included with this filing:
Exhibit Number |
Description | ||
3(i) | Articles of Incorporation filed June 21, 2005(1). | ||
3(ii) | Bylaws(1). | ||
** | 10.5 | Sinclair Agreement. | |
** | 10.6 | US Patent Application. | |
** | 10.7 | European Patent. | |
10.8 | Sinclair Employment Agreement. | ||
10.9 | Crystal Employment Agreement. | ||
10.10 | Pollack Employment Agreement. | ||
10.11 | Wolf Agreement. | ||
31.1 | CEO CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14 OR 15D-14 | ||
31.2 | CFO CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14 OR 15D-14 | ||
32.1 | CEO CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 | ||
32.2 | CFO CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 | ||
101.INS* | XBRL Instance Document | ||
101.SCH* | XBRL Taxonomy Schema | ||
101.CAL* | XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase | ||
101.DEF* | XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase | ||
101.LAB* | XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase | ||
101.PRE* | XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase | ||
In accordance with SEC Release 33-8238, Exhibit 32.1 and 32.2 are being furnished and not filed.
*XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information is furnished and not filed or a part of this annual report or purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections.
(1) | Incorporated by reference to Lightlake’s SB-2 Registration Statement filed on 1/11/07 |
** | Previously filed |
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SIGNATURES
In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
/s/ Kevin A. Pollack | October 29, 2013 | ||
Kevin A. Pollack, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, and Secretary (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
Date | ||
/s/ Dr. Roger Crystal | October 29, 2013 | ||
Dr. Roger Crystal, Chief Executive Officer and President (Principal Executive Officer) |
Date |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
By: | /s/ Dr. Roger Crystal | Director & Chief Executive Officer | Date: October 29, 2013 | |
Dr. Roger Crystal | ||||
By: | /s/ Kevin A. Pollack | Director & Chief Financial Officer | Date: October 29, 2013 | |
Kevin A. Pollack | ||||
By: | /s/ Dr. Michael Sinclair | Chairman | Date: October 29, 2013 | |
Dr. Michael Sinclair |
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