ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES INC - Quarter Report: 2019 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019.

OR

For the transition period from                      to                      .

Commission File Number 001-16537

ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (610) 882-1820

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ☐

Indicate by checkmark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

As of May 2, 2019, the registrant had 61,687,392 shares of common stock, $.000001 par value per share, outstanding.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

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ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts, unless otherwise indicated)

Our business is composed of two segments: our “OSUR” business consists of the development, manufacture, marketing and sale of oral fluid diagnostic products and specimen collection devices using our proprietary technologies, other diagnostic products including immunoassays and other in vitro diagnostic tests that are used on other specimen types. Our molecular collections systems or “DNAG” business consists of the development, manufacture, marketing and sale of specimen collection kits that are used to collect, stabilize, transport and store samples of genetic material for molecular testing in the consumer genetic, clinical genetic, academic research, pharmacogenomics, personalized medicine, microbiome and animal genetics markets. Our collection kits are also used for the collection of first-void urine for liquid biopsy in the prostate and bladder cancer markets, and in the sexually transmitted infection screening market. In addition, our DNAG business provides microbiome laboratory services that accelerate research and discovery for customers in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and academic research markets.

Our OSUR diagnostic products include tests that are performed on a rapid basis at the point of care and tests that are processed in a laboratory. These products are sold in the United States and internationally to various clinical laboratories, hospitals, clinics, and other public health organizations, distributors, government agencies, physicians’ offices, and commercial and industrial entities.  We also manufacture and sell medical devices used for the removal of benign skin lesions by cryosurgery or freezing. These cryosurgical products are sold in both professional and over-the-counter (“OTC”) markets in North America, Europe, Central and South America, and Australia.

Our DNAG or molecular collection systems business is operated by our subsidiaries, DNA Genotek Inc. (“DNA Genotek”), CoreBiome Inc. (“CoreBiome”), and Novosanis NV (“Novosanis”).   DNA Genotek’s specimen collection devices provide an all-in-one system for the collection, stabilization, transportation and storage of nucleic acids from human saliva and other sample types for genetic and microbiome applications. Novosanis’ Colli-Pee collection device is designed for the volumetric collection of first-void urine for use in research, screening and diagnostics for the liquid biopsy and sexually transmitted disease markets. We also sell research use only sample collection products into the microbiome and tuberculosis markets and we offer our customers a suite of genomics and microbiome services, which range from package customization and study design optimization to extraction, analysis and reporting services. We serve customers worldwide in the research, healthcare, pharmaceutical and agricultural communities.

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of OraSure Technologies, Inc. (“OraSure”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, DNA Genotek, CoreBiome, and Novosanis. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. References herein to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” mean OraSure and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting only of normal and recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations for these interim periods. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. Results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations expected for the full year.

Use of Estimates. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of accounts receivable and inventories and assumptions utilized in impairment testing for intangible assets and goodwill, as well as calculations related to accruals, taxes, contingent consideration, and performance-based compensation expense, among others. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis, using historical experience and other factors, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, including the current economic environment. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. Changes in those estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment and other factors will be reflected in the financial statements in those future periods.

Investments. We consider all investments in debt securities to be available-for-sale securities. These securities consist of guaranteed investment certificates and corporate bonds with purchased maturities greater than ninety days. Available-for-sale debt securities are carried at fair value, based upon quoted market prices, with unrealized gains and losses, if any, reported in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss.

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The following is a summary of our available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

Fair Value of Financial Instruments. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their respective fair values based on their short-term nature.

Fair value measurements of all financial assets and liabilities that are being measured and reported on a fair value basis are required to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

All of our available-for-sale debt securities are measured as Level 1 instruments as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Included in cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, was $9,458 and $21,631 invested in government money market funds and certificates of deposit. Both are measured as Level 1 instruments.

We offer a nonqualified deferred compensation plan for certain eligible employees and members of our Board of Directors. The assets of the plan are held in the name of the Company at a third-party financial institution. Separate accounts are maintained for each participant to reflect the amounts deferred by the participant and all earnings and losses on those deferred amounts. The assets of the plan are held in mutual funds and Company stock. The fair value of the plan assets as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $4,147 and $3,884, respectively, and was calculated using the quoted market prices of the assets as of those dates. All investments in the plan are classified as trading securities and measured as Level 1 instruments. The fair value of plan assets is included in other assets with the same amount included in other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable have been reduced by an estimated allowance for amounts that may become uncollectible in the future. This estimated allowance is based primarily on management’s evaluation of specific balances as they become past due, the financial condition of our customers and our historical experience related to write-offs.

Inventories. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost determined on a first-in, first-out basis, and consist of the following:

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Property, Plant and Equipment. Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Additions or improvements are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance are charged to expense. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Buildings are depreciated over twenty to forty years, while computer equipment, machinery and equipment, and furniture and fixtures are depreciated over two to ten years. Building improvements are amortized over their estimated useful lives. When assets are sold, retired, or discarded, the related property amounts are relieved from the accounts, and any gain or loss is recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. Accumulated depreciation of property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $44,205 and $42,797, respectively.

Intangible Assets. Intangible assets consist of customer lists, patents and product rights, acquired technology and tradenames. Patents and product rights consist of costs associated with the acquisition of patents, licenses, and product distribution rights. Intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives of five to fifteen years. Accumulated amortization of intangible assets as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $21,048 and $20,105, respectively. The change in intangibles from $5,137 as of December 31, 2018 to $12,929 as of March 31, 2019 is a result of intangibles acquired in our acquisitions of CoreBiome and Novosanis of $8,400 and $5 in foreign currency translation gain, less $613 in amortization expense.  

Goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price we paid over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in our acquisitions of DNAG, CoreBiome, and Novosanis. Goodwill is not amortized but rather is tested annually for impairment or more frequently if we believe that indicators of impairment exist. Current U.S. generally accepted accounting principles permit us to make a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that the carrying value of a reporting unit is greater than its fair value, then we would be required to recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, provided the impairment charge does not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.

The increase in goodwill from $18,521 as of December 31, 2018 to $28,903 as of March 31, 2019 is a result of the additional goodwill associated with our acquisitions of CoreBiome and Novosanis of $10,033 and an increase of $349 associated with foreign currency translation. All acquired goodwill has been allocated to our DNAG segment.

Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases. The standard requires lessees to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requires expanded disclosures about leasing arrangements. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2019 on a modified retrospective basis and will not restate comparative amounts. Also, we elected the practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which allows us to carryforward our historical lease classification, our assessment on whether a contract is or contains a lease, and our initial direct costs for any leases that exist prior to adoption of the new standard. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the balance sheet and the associated lease payments are included in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As a result, on January 1, 2019, we recorded right-of-use assets of $4,027 and lease liabilities of $4,263 on our consolidated balance sheet.

Loss Per Share. Basic and diluted loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share is generally computed assuming the exercise or vesting of all dilutive securities such as common stock options, unvested performance stock units, and unvested restricted stock. Basic and dilutive computations of net loss per share are the same in periods in which a net loss exists as the dilutive effects of excluded items would be anti-dilutive.

For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, outstanding common stock options, unvested performance units, and unvested restricted stock representing 779 and 1,648 shares, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

Foreign Currency Translation. The assets and liabilities of our foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at current exchange rates as of the balance sheet date, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for the period. Resulting translation adjustments are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive loss, which is a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

Transaction gains and losses resulting from exchange rate changes on transactions denominated in currencies other than functional currency are included in our consolidated statements of operations in the period in which the change occurs. Net foreign exchange gains (losses) resulting from foreign currency transactions that are included in other income in our consolidated statements of operations were $(609) and $254 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). We classify items of other comprehensive income (loss) by their nature and disclose the accumulated balance of other comprehensive loss separately from accumulated deficit and additional paid-in capital in the stockholders’ equity section of our consolidated balance sheets.

We have defined the Canadian dollar as the functional currency of our Canadian subsidiary, DNAG, and we have defined the Euro as the functional currency of our Belgian subsidiary, Novosanis.  The results of operations for those subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars, which

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is the reporting currency of the Company. Accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2019 consists of $15,556 of currency translation adjustments and $421 of net unrealized losses on marketable securities, which represents the fair market value adjustment for our investment portfolio.  Accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2018 consists of $17,789 of currency translation adjustments and $917 of net unrealized losses on marketable securities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance on the measurement of credit losses, which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets, including trade receivables and capital lease receivables, held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The method to determine a loss is different from the existing guidance, which requires a credit loss to be recognized when it is probable. The guidance is effective beginning in fiscal year 2021, with early adoption permitted beginning in fiscal year 2020. We are evaluating the impact this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued guidance allowing a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The guidance is effective in fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If elected, the reclassification can be applied in either the period of adoption or retrospectively to the period of the enactment of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (i.e., our first quarter of fiscal year 2018). We are evaluating the impact of this guidance and expect no impact to our consolidated financial statements.

3. Business Combinations

On January 4, 2019, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of CoreBiome, pursuant to the terms of a merger agreement, dated January 3, 2019. Also on January 4, 2019, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired all of the outstanding stock of Novosanis, pursuant to a share purchase agreement, dated January 3, 2019. We began operating these entities as of the January 4, 2019 closing date. The aggregate purchase price for both of these transactions approximated $13,359 adjusted for certain transaction costs, indebtedness, and holdback amounts, and was funded with cash on hand. A portion of the purchase price was deposited into escrow accounts for a limited period after closing, in order to secure the potential payment of certain indemnification obligations of the selling stockholders under each agreement noted above.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we incurred a total of $597 of acquisition-related costs, including success-based investment banking fees and accounting, legal and other professional fees, related to both acquisitions, all of which were expensed and reported as a component of general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Pursuant to our acquisition agreements, we may pay up to an additional $32,400 of contingent consideration over the next three years based on the achievement of certain performance criteria as defined under the agreements, including generating certain revenue dollars, the achievement of a large customer contract, and the development of certain new technology. The Company, with the assistance of an independent valuation specialist, utilized a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the estimated acquisition-date fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration of $4,350. The simulation calculates the probability-weighted payments based on our assessment of the likelihood that the benchmarks will be achieved. The probability-weighted payments were then discounted using a discount rate based on an internal rate of return analysis using the probability-weighted cash flows. The fair value measurement was based on significant inputs, including revenue forecasts, not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the contingent consideration is reviewed quarterly over the earn-out period to compare actual results with the estimates used in our forecasts. The change in the fair value of the contingent consideration obligation from $4,350 as of the acquisition date to $5,625 as of March 31, 2019 is a result of changes in our estimated revenue forecasts.

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The following table summarizes the preliminary estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:

The purchase price was allocated to the tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their acquisition-date estimate fair values. The identifiable intangible assets principally included developed technology, customer relationships, and tradenames, all of which are subject to amortization on a straight-line basis and are being amortized over estimated useful lives as summarized below:

The Company, with the assistance of an independent valuation specialist, assessed the fair value of the assets of CoreBiome and Novosanis.  The income approach was used to value the acquired intangibles and the fair value measurements were primarily based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market and are considered Level 3 fair value measurements. The income approach estimates fair value for an asset based on the present value of cash flows projected to be generated by the asset.  Projected cash flows are discounted at a required rate of return that reflects the relative risk of achieving the cash flows and the time value of money.

The useful lives of the intangible assets were estimated based on the expected future economic benefit of the asset and are being amortized over the estimated useful life in proportion to the economic benefits consumed using the straight-line method.  

The amortization of intangible assets is not deductible for income tax purposes.

Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of the net assets acquired, and represents the future economic benefits that we expect to achieve as a result of the acquisition. We believe the goodwill related to the acquisitions was a result of providing us a complementary service and product offering that will enable us to leverage those services and products with existing and new customers.  The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.  All of the goodwill identified above has been allocated to our DNAG segment.

We continue to evaluate the fair value of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including the fair valuation of deferred tax assets acquired, related to the acquisition. Additional information, which existed as of the acquisition date, but was at that time unknown to us, may become known during the remainder of the measurement period. Changes to amounts recorded as a result of the final determination may result in a corresponding adjustment to these assets and liabilities, including goodwill. The determination of the estimated fair values of all assets acquired is expected to be completed within one year from the date of acquisition.

Revenues from CoreBiome are primarily comprised of microbiome laboratory services that utilize optimal analytical algorithms to deliver speed and scalability in the lab with precise analytics.  Revenues from Novosanis are primarily comprised of the sale of its Colli-Pee collection device

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which was designed for the standard collection of first-void urine used in the liquid biopsy and sexually transmitted infection screening market.  For the three months ended March 31, 2019, combined revenues of $1,139 and a net loss of $1,502, associated with the operations of CoreBiome and Novosanis, were included in our consolidated statement of operations since the acquisition date.  Effective as of January 4, 2019, the financial results of CoreBiome and Novosanis are included in our DNAG segment.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

The unaudited pro forma results presented below include the results of the CoreBiome and Novosanis acquisitions as if they had been consummated as of January 1, 2018. The unaudited pro forma results include the amortization associated with acquired intangible assets and the estimated tax effect of adjustments to income before income taxes but do not include changes in the fair value of our contingent consideration obligations. Material nonrecurring charges, directly attributable to the transactions, including direct acquisition costs, are also excluded. In addition, the unaudited pro forma results do not include any expected benefits of the acquisitions. Accordingly, the unaudited pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of either future results of operations or results that might have been achieved had the acquisitions been consummated as of January 1, 2018.

Revenues by product.  The following table represents total net revenues by product line:

Revenues by geographic area.  The following table represents total net revenues by geographic area, based on the location of the customer:

Customer and Vendor Concentrations.  We had no significant customer concentrations (greater than 10%) in accounts receivable as of March 31, 2019 or December 31, 2018.  One of our customers accounted for approximately 23% of our net consolidated revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2018. We had no customer concentrations in our net consolidated revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

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We currently purchase certain products and critical components of our products from sole-supply vendors. If these vendors are unable or unwilling to supply the required components and products, we could be subject to increased costs and substantial delays in the delivery of our products to our customers. Also, our subsidiary, DNAG, uses two third-party suppliers to manufacture its products. Our inability to have a timely supply of any of these components and products could have a material adverse effect on our business, as well as our financial condition and results of operations.

Deferred Revenue.  We record deferred revenue when funds are received prior to the recognition of the associated revenue.  Deferred revenue as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 includes customer prepayments of $2,763 and $2,057, respectively.  Deferred revenue as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 also includes $ 1,471 and $1,464, respectively, associated with a long-term contract that has variable pricing based on volume. The average price over the life of the contract was determined and revenue is recognized at that rate.

On March 29, 2019, we terminated our credit agreement with a commercial bank which was entered into on September 30, 2016 and had a maturity date of September 30, 2019.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases. The standard requires lessees to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requires expanded disclosures about leasing arrangements. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2019 on a modified retrospective basis and will not restate comparative amounts.

We determine whether an arrangement is a lease at inception. We have operating and finance leases for corporate offices, warehouse space and equipment (including vehicles). As of March 31, 2019, we are the lessee in all agreements. Our leases have remaining lease terms of 1 to 8 years, some of which include options to extend the leases based on agreed upon terms, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within 1 year.

As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.

We have lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components (e.g., common-area maintenance). For these agreements, we account for lease components separate from non-lease components.

The components of lease expense are as follows:

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Lease cost for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $342.

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:

As of March 31, 2019, minimum lease payments by period are expected to be as follows:

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As of December 31, 2018, minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases by period were expected to be as follows:

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Stock-Based Awards

We grant stock-based awards under the OraSure Technologies, Inc. Stock Award Plan, as amended (the “Stock Plan”). The Stock Plan permits stock-based awards to employees, outside directors and consultants or other third-party advisors. Awards which may be granted under the Stock Plan include qualified incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted awards, performance awards and other stock-based awards. We account for stock-based compensation to employees and directors using the fair value method. We recognize compensation expense for stock option and restricted stock awards issued to employees and directors on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. We recognize compensation expense related to performance-based restricted stock units based on assumptions as to what percentage of each performance target will be achieved. We evaluate these target assumptions on a quarterly basis and adjust compensation expense related to these awards, as appropriate. To satisfy the exercise of options, issuance of restricted stock, or redemption of performance-based restricted stock units, we issue new shares rather than shares purchased on the open market.

Total compensation cost related to stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $324 and $900, respectively.  Net cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options were $22 and $954 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As a result of our net operating loss carryforward position, no actual income tax benefit was realized from stock option exercises during these periods.

The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2019:

Compensation cost of $653 and $3,626 related to restricted shares was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.   In connection with the vesting of restricted shares during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we purchased and immediately retired 277 and 149 shares with aggregate values of $3,595 and $2,959, respectively, in satisfaction of minimum tax withholding obligations.

The following table summarizes time-vested restricted stock award and restricted stock unit activity for the three months ended March 31, 2019:

We grant performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) to certain executives. Vesting of these PSUs is dependent upon achievement of performance-based metrics during a one-year or three-year period from the date of grant. Assuming achievement of each performance-based metric, the executive must also generally remain in our service for three years from the grant date. Performance during the one-year period is based on a one-year earnings per share or income before income taxes target. If the one-year target is achieved, the PSUs will then vest three years from grant date. Performance during the three-year period will be based on achievement of a three-year compound annual growth rate for consolidated product revenues. If the three-year target is achieved, the corresponding PSUs will then vest three years from grant date. PSUs are converted into shares of our common stock once vested.

Compensation cost of $254 and $2,957 related to PSUs was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.   

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The following table summarizes the PSU activity for the three months ended March 31, 2019:

Modification of Grants

Stock compensation costs for the three months ended March 31, 2018 include the additional expense associated with modifications of existing grants held by our retired President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”).  These additional costs were $5,851 during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statement of income.

Stock Repurchase Program

On August 5, 2008, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program pursuant to which we are permitted to acquire up to $25,000 of our outstanding common shares. No shares were purchased and retired during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.   

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we recorded an income tax benefit of $29.  During the three months ended March 31, 2018, we recorded tax expense of $2,033.   

Tax expense reflects taxes due to the taxing authorities and the tax effects of temporary differences between the basis of assets and liabilities recognized for financial reporting and tax purposes, and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.  The significant components of our total deferred tax liability as of March 31, 2019  relate to the tax effects of the basis difference between the intangible assets acquired in our acquisitions for financial reporting and for tax purposes.

In 2008, we established a full valuation allowance against our U.S. deferred tax asset. Management believes the full valuation allowance is still appropriate at both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 since the facts and circumstances necessitating the allowance have not changed. As a result, no U.S. federal or state deferred income tax expense or benefit was recorded for the three month period ended March 31, 2019 .   

Litigation

From time to time, we are involved in certain legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In management’s opinion, the outcomes of such actions, either individually or in the aggregate, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our future financial position or results of operations.

On February 6, 2017, DNA Genotek, Inc. (“DNAG”) entered into a settlement and license agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) in order to settle certain patent infringement and breach of contract litigation against Ancestry.comDNA, LLC (“Ancestry”) and its contract manufacturer.  This litigation was related to a saliva DNA collection device sold by Ancestry that was similar to products sold by DNAG.  Under the terms of the Settlement Agreement, DNAG and Ancestry agreed to certain procedures for considering whether future versions of Ancestry’s saliva DNA collection product are covered by the DNAG patents licensed to Ancestry (the “Licensed Patents”) and thus subject to ongoing royalties under  the Settlement Agreement.  We are currently in a dispute with Ancestry regarding whether yet-to-be launched Ancestry products are covered by the Licensed Patents.  In March 2019, Ancestry filed a Dispute Notice and Request for Arbitration (the “Notice”) with an alternative dispute resolution services provider in order to initiate a binding arbitration proceeding pursuant to the Settlement Agreement.  DNAG has denied the allegations contained in the Notice and has asserted that the potential new Ancestry products are covered by the Licensed Patents and would be subject to ongoing royalties if such products are commercialized by Ancestry.  This proceeding is still in the early stages, and a full panel of arbitrators has not yet been appointed.  The arbitration proceeding is expected to be completed within six months after the arbitrators are empaneled.  Although we are confident in our position and intend to defend this matter vigorously, we cannot predict with certainty whether we will ultimately prevail in this matter and whether we will continue to receive royalties from Ancestry in the future.

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In January 2018, we announced the retirement of Douglas A. Michels, our then President and CEO, and Ronald H. Spair, our then CFO and Chief Operating Officer.  Stephen S. Tang, Ph.D., who served as Chairman of the Board of Directors (the “Board”), was appointed as the Company’s new President and CEO, effective as of April 1, 2018.  Dr. Tang replaced Mr. Michels, who retired as President and CEO, and as a member of the Board, on March 31, 2018.  In addition, Roberto Cuca was appointed as the Company’s new CFO, effective June 8, 2018.  Mr. Cuca replaced Mr. Spair, who retired as CFO and Chief Operating Officer, and as a member of our Board of Directors, on that same date.  Charges associated with these transitions were $6,440 during the first quarter of 2018 and are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.  These charges primarily reflect non-cash charges associated with modifications to existing stock grants held by the retiring executives and expenses associated with the onboarding of the Company’s new President and CEO.  No related transition costs were recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Our business consists of two segments: our “OSUR” business consists of the development, manufacture, marketing and sale of oral fluid diagnostic products and specimen collection devices using our proprietary technologies, other diagnostic products including immunoassays and other in vitro diagnostic tests that are used on other specimen types. Our molecular collections systems or “DNAG” business consists of the development, manufacture, marketing and sale of specimen collection kits that are used to collect, stabilize, transport and store samples of genetic material for molecular testing in the consumer genetic, clinical genetic, academic research, pharmacogenomics, personalized medicine, microbiome and animal genetics markets. Our collection kits are also used for the collection of first-void urine for liquid biopsy in the prostate and bladder cancer markets; and in the sexually transmitted infection screening market. In addition, our DNAG business provides microbiome laboratory services that accelerate research and discovery for customers in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and academic research markets. Effective as of January 4, 2019, the financial results of CoreBiome and Novosanis are included in our DNAG segment.

We organized our operating segments according to the nature of the products included in those segments. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies (see Note 2). We evaluate performance of our operating segments based on revenue and operating income. We do not allocate interest income, interest expense, other income, other expenses or income taxes to our operating segments.  Reportable segments have no inter-segment revenues and inter-segment expenses have been eliminated.

Operating income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2018 has been modified to conform to the classification of the intercompany service fee presentation for 2019.  Beginning with the first quarter of 2019, we have included the fees for intercompany services in our segment operating income (loss) in order to more accurately reflect the results of each segment.

The following table summarizes operating segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, and asset information as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

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Statements below regarding future events or performance are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Federal securities laws. These may include statements about our expected revenues, earnings, losses, expenses, or other financial performance, future product performance or development, expected regulatory filings and approvals, planned business transactions, expected manufacturing performance, views of future industry, competitive or market conditions, and other factors that could affect our future operations, results of operations or financial position. These statements often include words such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance or results. Known and unknown factors that could cause actual performance or results to be materially different from those expressed or implied in these statements include, but are not limited to: ability to successfully manage and integrate acquisitions of other companies in a manner that complements or leverages our existing business, or otherwise expands or enhances our portfolio of products and our end-to-end service offerings, and the diversion of management’s attention from our ongoing business and regular business responsibilities to effect such integration; the expected economic benefits of acquisitions (and increased returns for our stockholders), including that the anticipated synergies, revenue enhancement strategies and other benefits from the acquisitions may not be fully realized or may take longer to realize than expected and our actual integration costs may exceed our estimates; ability to market and sell products, whether through our internal, direct sales force or third parties; impact of significant customer concentration in the genomics business; failure of distributors or other customers to meet purchase forecasts, historic purchase levels or minimum purchase requirements for our products; ability to manufacture products in accordance with applicable specifications, performance standards and quality requirements; ability to obtain, and timing and cost of obtaining, necessary regulatory approvals for new products or new indications or applications for existing products; ability to comply with applicable regulatory requirements; ability to effectively resolve warning letters, audit observations and other findings or comments from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or other regulators; changes in relationships, including disputes or disagreements, with strategic partners or other parties and reliance on strategic partners for the performance of critical activities under collaborative arrangements; ability to meet increased demand for the Company’s products; impact of replacing distributors; inventory levels at distributors and other customers; ability of the Company to achieve its financial and strategic objectives and continue to increase its revenues, including the ability to expand international sales; ability to identify, complete, integrate and realize the full benefits of future acquisitions; impact of competitors, competing products and technology changes; impact of increased reliance on U.S. government contracts; impact of negative economic conditions; reduction or deferral of public funding available to customers; competition from new or better technology or lower cost products; ability to develop, commercialize and market new products; market acceptance of oral fluid or urine testing, collection or other products; market acceptance and uptake of microbiome informatics, microbial genetics technology and related analytics services; changes in market acceptance of products based on product performance or other factors, including changes in testing guidelines, algorithms or other recommendations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”) or other agencies; ability to fund research and development and other products and operations; ability to obtain and maintain new or existing product distribution channels; reliance on sole supply sources for critical products and components; availability of related products produced by third parties or products required for use of our products; ability to maintain sustained profitability; ability to utilize net operating loss carry forwards or other deferred tax assets; volatility of the Company’s stock price; uncertainty relating to patent protection and potential patent infringement claims; uncertainty and costs of litigation relating to patents and other intellectual property; availability of licenses to patents or other technology; ability to enter into international manufacturing agreements; obstacles to international marketing and manufacturing of products; ability to sell products internationally, including the impact of changes in international funding sources and testing algorithms; adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates; loss or impairment of sources of capital; ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; exposure to product liability and other types of litigation; changes in international, federal or state laws and regulations; customer consolidations and inventory practices; equipment failures and ability to obtain needed raw materials and components; the impact of terrorist attacks and civil unrest; and general political, business and economic conditions. These and other factors that could affect our results are discussed more fully in our Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings, including our registration statements, Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and other filings with the SEC. Although forward-looking statements help to provide information about future prospects, readers should keep in mind that forward-looking statements may not be reliable. The forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this Report, and we undertake no duty to update these statements.

Investors should also be aware that while we do, from time to time, communicate with securities analysts, it is against our policy to disclose any material non-public information or other confidential commercial information. Accordingly, stockholders should not assume that we agree with any statement or report issued by any analyst irrespective of the content of the statement or report. Furthermore, we have a policy against issuing or confirming financial forecasts or projections issued by others. Thus, to the extent that reports issued by securities analysts contain any projections, forecasts or opinions, such reports are not the responsibility of OraSure.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements contained herein and the notes thereto, along with the Section entitled “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates,” set forth below.

Overview and Business Segments

Our business consists of two segments: our “OSUR” business consists of the development, manufacture, marketing and sale of oral fluid diagnostic products and specimen collection devices using our proprietary technologies, other diagnostic products including immunoassays and other in vitro diagnostic tests that are used on other specimen types. Our molecular collections systems or “DNAG” business consists of the development, manufacture, marketing and sale of specimen collection kits that are used to collect, stabilize, transport and store samples of genetic material for molecular testing in the consumer genetic, clinical genetic, academic research, pharmacogenomics, personalized medicine,

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microbiome and animal genetics markets. Our collection kits are also used for the collection of first-void urine for liquid biopsy in the prostate and bladder cancer markets and in the sexually transmitted infection screening market. In addition, our DNAG business provides microbiome laboratory services that accelerate research and discovery for customers in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and research markets.

Our OSUR diagnostic products include tests that are performed on a rapid basis at the point of care and tests that are processed in a laboratory. These products are sold in the United States and internationally to various clinical laboratories, hospitals, clinics, and other public health organizations, distributors, government agencies, physicians’ offices, and commercial and industrial entities.  We also manufacture and sell medical devices used for the removal of benign skin lesions by cryosurgery or freezing. These cryosurgical products are sold in both professional and over-the-counter (“OTC”) markets in North America, Europe, Central and South America, and Australia.

Our DNAG or molecular collection systems business is operated by our subsidiaries, DNA Genotek Inc. (“DNA Genotek”), CoreBiome Inc. (“CoreBiome”), and Novosanis NV (“Novosanis”). DNA Genotek’s specimen collection devices provide an all-in-one system for the collection, stabilization, transportation and storage of nucleic acids from human saliva and other sample types for genetic and microbiome applications. Novosanis’ Colli-Pee collection device is designed for the volumetric collection of first-void urine for use in research, screening and diagnostics for the liquid biopsy and sexually transmitted disease markets. We also sell research use only sample collection products into the microbiome and tuberculosis markets and we offer our customers a suite of genomics and microbiome services, which range from package customization and study design optimization to extraction, analysis and reporting services. We serve customers worldwide in the research, healthcare, pharmaceutical and agricultural communities.

Current Consolidated Financial Results

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, our consolidated net revenues decreased 28% to $30.1 million, compared to $42.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Net product revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2019 decreased 26% when compared to the first three months of 2018, primarily due to lower sales of our molecular collection systems products and our OraQuick^® HIV products. Partially offsetting these decreases were higher sales of our OraQuick^® HCV products. Other revenues for the first three months of 2019 were $1.8 million compared to $3.7 million in the same period of 2018. Other revenues in the first three months of 2019 consisted of royalty income of $1.1 million and other revenues of $706,000 associated with funded research and development, reimbursement of certain costs under our charitable support agreement with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (“Gates Foundation”), and grant revenue. Other revenues in the first three months of 2018 consisted of royalty income of $1.6 million and $2.1 million of other revenue associated with funded research and development and cost reimbursement from the Gates Foundation.

Our consolidated net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $3.3 million, or $0.05 per share on a fully diluted basis, compared to a consolidated net loss of $2.1 million, or $0.03 per share on a fully diluted basis, for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Results in the first quarter of 2019 included $1.3 million of a non-cash pre-tax charge associated with the change in the fair value of our acquisition-related contingent consideration and $597,000 of acquisition-related transaction costs.  The combined impact of these charges reduced earnings per share by approximately $0.03. Results for the first three months of 2018 included $6.4 million of management transition costs associated with the 2018 retirement of Douglas A. Michels, our then President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), and Ronald H. Spair, our then Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) and Chief Operating Officer, and the appointment of their successors, which approximated $0.10 per share.

Cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $528,000. Cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $7.6 million. As of March 31, 2019, we had $183.6 million in cash, cash equivalents, and available-for-sale securities, compared to $201.3 million at December 31, 2018.

Results of Operations

Three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to March 31, 2018

CONSOLIDATED NET REVENUES

The table below shows a breakdown of total consolidated net revenues (dollars in thousands) generated by each of our business segments for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

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Consolidated net product revenues decreased 26% to $28.3 million in the first quarter of 2019 from $38.3 million in the comparable period of 2018. Lower sales of our molecular collection systems products and lower domestic and international sales of our OraQuick^® HIV products were partially offset by higher domestic and international sales of our OraQuick^® HCV test. Other revenues for the first quarter of 2019 were $1.8 million compared to $3.7 million in the same period of 2018.  Other revenues in the first quarter of 2019 included $1.1 million in royalty income earned under a litigation settlement agreement and $706,000 in research and development funding, reimbursement of certain costs under our charitable support agreement with the Gates Foundation, and grant revenue. Other revenues in the first quarter of 2018 consisted of $1.6 million in royalty income and $2.1 million in research and development funding and cost reimbursement from the Gates Foundation.

Consolidated net revenues derived from products sold to customers outside of the United States were $9.6 million and $11.0 million, or 32% and 26% of total net revenues, in the first quarters of 2019 and 2018, respectively. Because the majority of our international sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, the impact of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates was not material to our total consolidated net revenues.

Net Revenues by Segment

OSUR Segment

The table below shows a breakdown of total net revenues (dollars in thousands) generated by our OSUR segment during the first quarters of 2019 and 2018.