Palayan Resources, Inc. - Annual Report: 2021 (Form 10-K)
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
☐ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021
Or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number 000-55348
Palayan Resources, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada | 83-4575865 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
850 Teague Trail, #580 | |
Lady Lake, FL | 32159 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) |
(407)
536-9422
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock
Title of each class: | Name of each exchange on which registered: |
Common Stock, par value $.001 | None |
per share |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendments to this Form 10-K ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a small reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “small reporting company” Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐ |
Non-accelerated filer ☒ | Smaller Reporting Company ☒ |
Emerging Growth Company ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☒ No ☐
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recent completed second fiscal quarter. $33,345,180.
APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PROCEEDING FIVE YEARS
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes ☐ No ☐
(APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE REGISTRANTS)
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
As of June 29, 2021: 34,376,758 common shares.
Title of Class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of Exchange on which registered |
Common Stock | PLYN | OTCMarkets |
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements are not historical facts but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections. We may use words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “foresee,” “estimate” and variations of these words and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted. These risks and uncertainties include the following:
● | The availability and adequacy of our cash flow to meet our requirements; |
● | Economic, competitive, demographic, business and other conditions in our local and regional markets; |
● | Changes or developments in laws, regulations or taxes in our industry; |
● | Actions taken or omitted to be taken by third parties including our suppliers and competitors, as well as legislative, regulatory, judicial and other governmental authorities; |
● | Competition in our industry; |
● | The loss of or failure to obtain any license or permit necessary or desirable in the operation of our business; |
● | Changes in our business strategy, capital improvements or development plans; |
● | The availability of additional capital to support capital improvements and development; and |
● | Other risks identified in this report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). |
This report should be read completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. The forward-looking statements included in this report are made as of the date of this report and should be evaluated with consideration of any changes occurring after the date of this Report. We will not update forward-looking statements even though our situation may change in the future and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether resulting from new information, future events or otherwise.
Use of Term
Except as otherwise indicated by the context, references in this Annual Report to the words “we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company,” “PLYN,” or “Palayan” refer to Palayan Resources, Inc. All references to “USD” or United States Dollars refer to the legal currency of the United States of America.
PALAYAN RESOURCES, INC.
FORM 10-K
March 31, 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item 1. | Business |
Overview
We were incorporated on July 26, 2013 under the laws of the State of Nevada and our fiscal year end is March 31. Our principal executive offices are located at 850 Teague Trail, #580, Lady Lake, FL 32159. At present, we have no subsidiaries.
We are a mineral exploration and production company engaged in the exploration, acquisition, and development of mineral properties. Initially, we purchased a 100% interest in an 8-unit claim block (the “Palayan Gold Claim”) containing approximately 82.7 hectares located in the Nueva Ecija provincial of the Republic of the Philippines. The Palayan Gold Claim was assigned to us from Verdasco Enterprises for the sum of $5,000. There has been no production to date, and as of the date hereof, we have no plans to explore the Palayan Gold Claim until such time management deems any such exploration financially viable.
On April 2, 2020, we entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”) with Scythian Mining Group Ltd. (“SMG”), a United Kingdom company, to acquire 100% interest in SMG-Gold B.V. (“SMG-Gold”), a Dutch limited liability company (the “SMG-Gold Acquisition”). While the Exchange Agreement was closed on July 7, 2020, it was never finalized because consideration for the transaction was never fully exchanged. On November 18, 2020, our Board of Directors voted unanimously to rescind the transaction and return the SMG-Gold shares to SMG. See Note 3 to the accompanying financial statements for additional information.
On January 8, 2021, we entered into a Joint Venture Agreement (the “JV Agreement”) with Provenance Gold Corporation, a Canadian publicly traded company (“PAU”) to fund and develop a series of 102 lode mineral claims (the “Silver Bow Claims”) and one (1) patented mining claim (the “Blue Horse Claim”) (collectively, the Silver Bow Claims and the Blue Horse Claim shall be hereinafter referred to as the “Project”), all of which are located in Nye County in the State of Nevada (the “Venture”). In accordance with the terms of the JV Agreement, we advanced $100,000 to the Venture. Shortly thereafter, the parties deemed it not to be in their best interests to move forward with the Venture and on March 22, 2021, we entered into a Recission Agreement with PAU, rendering the JV Agreement null and void. As per the terms of the Recission Agreement, PAU refunded the $100,000 advance. See Note 4 to the accompanying financial statements for additional information.
We continue to seek mineral exploration and production opportunities for investment and/or operation. While we have identified several potential opportunities, no agreements have been reached and there can be no assurance of finalizing any future business endeavor.
Government Regulation
General
Mineral exploration and production activities are subject to extensive federal, state and local laws governing the protection of the environment, prospecting, development, production, taxes, labor standards, occupational health, mine safety, toxic substances and other matters. The costs to comply with such regulatory requirements are substantial and possible future legislation and regulations could cause additional expense, capital expenditures, restrictions and delays in the development and continued operation of any properties we may acquire, the extent of which cannot be predicted. In the context of environmental permitting, including the approval of reclamation plans, we must comply with known standards and regulations which may entail significant costs and delays. Although we are committed to environmental responsibility and believe we have been in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations, amendments to current laws and regulations, more stringent application or interpretation of these laws and regulations through judicial review, or administrative action or the adoption of new laws could have a material adverse effect upon our Company and our results of operations.
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Federal Environmental Laws
Certain mining wastes from extraction and beneficiation of ores would be considered hazardous waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”) and state law equivalents but are currently exempt from the extensive set of Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) regulations governing hazardous waste. If our Company’s mine wastes were treated as hazardous waste under RCRA or such wastes resulted in operations being designated as “Superfund” sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) or state law equivalents for cleanup, material expenditures could be required for the construction of additional waste disposal facilities, for other remediation expenditures, or for natural resource damages. Under CERCLA, any present or past owners or operators of a Superfund site generally may be held liable and may be forced to undertake remedial cleanup action or to pay for the government’s cleanup efforts. Such owners or operators may also be liable to governmental entities for the cost of damages to natural resources, which may be substantial. Additional regulations or requirements may also be imposed upon our operations, tailings, and waste disposal areas under federal and state environmental laws and regulations, including, without limitation, the Clean Water Act (“CWA”) and state law equivalents. Air emissions are subject to the Clean Air Act and its state equivalents as well. Additionally, we are subject to other federal and state environmental laws relating to the operation and closure of any of our future mine sites. We have reviewed and considered current federal legislation relating to climate change and do not believe it to have a material effect on our operations. Future changes in federal or state laws or regulations could have a material adverse effect upon our Company and our results of operations.
Proposed U.S. Mining Legislation
A portion of our U.S. mining properties are on unpatented mining claims on federal lands. Legislation has been introduced regularly in the U.S. Congress over the last decade to change the Mining Law of 1872 as amended (the “Mining Law”), under which we hold these unpatented mining claims. It is possible that the Mining Law may be amended or replaced by less favorable legislation in the future. Previously proposed legislation contained a production royalty obligation, new environmental standards and conditions, additional reclamation requirements and extensive new procedural steps which would likely result in delays in permitting. The ultimate content of future proposed legislation, if enacted, is uncertain. If a royalty on unpatented mining claims were imposed, the profitability of our U.S. operations could be materially adversely affected. In addition, the U.S. Forest Service and the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) have considered revising regulations governing operations under the Mining Law on federal lands they administer, which, if implemented, may result in additional procedures and environmental conditions and standards on those lands. Any of our Company’s operations which are either outside of the United States or on private patented lands would be unaffected by potential legislation.
Any such reform of the Mining Law or BLM and U.S. Forest Service regulations thereunder could increase the costs of mining activities on unpatented mining claims or could materially impair our ability to develop or continue operations which derive ore from federal lands, and as a result, could have an adverse effect on our Company and our results of operations. Until such time, if any, as new reform legislation or regulations are enacted, the ultimate effects and costs of compliance on our Company cannot be estimated.
Market, Customers and Distribution Methods
Although there can be no assurance, large and well capitalized markets are readily available for all metals and precious metals throughout the world. A very sophisticated futures market for the pricing and delivery of future production also exists. The price for metals is affected by several global factors, including economic strength and resultant demand for metals for production, fluctuating supplies, mining activities and production by others in the industry, and new and or reduced uses for subject metals.
The mining industry is highly speculative and of a very high-risk nature. As such, mining activities involve a high degree of risk, which even a combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to overcome. Few mining projects actually become operating mines.
The mining industry is subject to a number of factors, including intense industry competition, high susceptibility to economic conditions (such as price of metal, foreign currency exchange rates, and capital and operating costs), and political conditions (which could affect such things as import/export regulations and foreign ownership restrictions). Furthermore, the mining activities are subject to all hazards incidental to mineral exploration, development and production, as well as risk of damage from earthquakes, any of which could result in work stoppages, damage to or loss of property and equipment and possible environmental damage. Hazards such as unusual or unexpected geological formations and other conditions are also involved in mineral exploration and development.
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Competition
The mineral exploration industry is highly competitive. We are a new and exploration stage company and have a weak competitive position in the industry. We compete with junior and senior mineral exploration companies, independent producers and institutional and individual investors who are actively seeking to acquire mineral exploration properties throughout the world together with the equipment, labor and materials required to operate on those properties. Competition for the acquisition of mineral exploration interests is intense with many mineral exploration leases or concessions available in a competitive bidding process in which we may lack the technological information or expertise available to other bidders.
Many of the mineral exploration companies with which we compete for financing and for the acquisition of mineral exploration properties have greater financial and technical resources than those available to us. Accordingly, these competitors may be able to spend greater amounts on acquiring mineral exploration interests of merit or on exploring or developing their mineral exploration properties. This advantage could enable our competitors to acquire mineral exploration properties of greater quality and interest to prospective investors who may choose to finance their additional exploration and development. Such competition could adversely impact our ability to attain the financing necessary for us to acquire further mineral exploration interests or explore and develop our current or future mineral exploration properties.
We also compete with other junior mineral exploration companies for financing from a limited number of investors that are prepared to invest in such companies. The presence of competing junior mineral exploration companies may impact our ability to raise additional capital in order to fund our acquisition or exploration programs if investors perceive that investments in our competitors are more attractive based on the merit of their mineral exploration properties or the price of the investment opportunity. In addition, we compete with both junior and senior mineral exploration companies for available resources, including, but not limited to, professional geologists, land specialists, engineers, camp staff, helicopters, float planes, mineral exploration supplies and drill rigs.
General competitive conditions may be substantially affected by various forms of energy legislation and/or regulation introduced from time to time by the governments of the Philippines, the United States and other countries, as well as factors beyond our control, including international political conditions, overall levels of supply and demand for mineral exploration.
In the face of competition, we may not be successful in acquiring, exploring or developing profitable gold or mineral properties or interests, and we cannot give any assurance that suitable gold or mineral properties or interests will be available for our acquisition, exploration or development. Despite this, we hope to compete successfully in the gold or mineral industry by:
● | keeping our costs low; |
● | relying on the strength of our management’s contacts; and |
● | using our size and experience to our advantage by adapting quickly to changing market conditions or responding swiftly to potential opportunities. |
Intellectual Property
None.
Research and Development
We have not incurred any research and development expenses since our inception.
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Reports to Security Holders
We are subject to the reporting and other requirements of the Exchange Act and we intend to furnish our shareholders annual reports containing financial statements audited by our independent registered public accounting firm and to make available quarterly reports containing unaudited financial statements for each of the first three quarters of each fiscal year. We may also file additional documents with the Commission if they become necessary in the course of our company’s future operations.
The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The address of that site is www.sec.gov.
Environmental Regulations
We are not aware of any material violations of environmental permits, licenses or approvals that have been issued with respect to our future operations. We expect to comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to our business, and at this time, we do not anticipate incurring any material capital expenditures to comply with any environmental regulations or other requirements.
While our intended projects and business activities do not currently violate any laws, any regulatory changes that impose additional restrictions or requirements on us or on our potential customers could adversely affect us by increasing our operating costs or decreasing demand for our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of future operations.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors |
Please consider the following risk factors before deciding to invest in our common stock.
Any investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, and all other information contained in this report, before you decide whether to purchase our common stock. The occurrence of any of the following risks could harm our business. You may lose part or all of your investment due to any of these risks or uncertainties. These are speculative stocks and should be purchased by only those who can afford to lose their entire investment.
Risks Related to Our Business
Our independent auditors have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
We incurred a net loss for the year ended March 31, 2021 and we expect to incur further losses in the development of our business, all of which raises substantial doubt about our Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. We are in the exploration stage and have yet to attain profitable operations and in their report on our financial statements for the periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, our independent auditors included an explanatory paragraph regarding the substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our financial statements contain additional note disclosures describing the circumstances that led to this disclosure by our independent auditors.
We are governed by our Officers and Directors, which may lead to faulty corporate governance.
Our Directors and Officers make all the decisions regarding corporate governance. This includes their (executive) compensation, accounting overview, related party transactions and so on. They will also have full control over matters that require Board of Directors approval. This may introduce conflicts of interest and prevent the segregation of executive duties from those that require Board of Directors approval. This may lead to ineffective disclosure and accounting controls. Noncompliance with laws and regulations may result in fines and penalties. They would have the ability to take any action as they themselves review them and approve them. They would exercise control over all matters requiring shareholder approval including significant corporate transactions. We have not implemented various corporate governance measures, nor have we adopted any independent committees as we presently do not have any independent directors.
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The probability of a mineral claim having profitable reserves is very rare and any claim, even with large investments, may never generate a profit.
We have no known ore reserves. Despite future investment in exploration activities, there is no guarantee we will locate a commercially viable ore reserve. Most exploration projects do not result in discovery of commercially viable mineable deposits. With little capital available, we will have to limit our exploration which decreases the chances of finding a commercially viable ore body. If the exploration activities do not suggest a commercially successful prospect, then we may altogether abandon plans to develop the property.
The exploration and prospecting of minerals is speculative and extremely competitive which may make success difficult.
We face strong competition from other mining companies for the acquisition of new properties. New properties increase the probability of discovering a profitable reserve. Most companies have greater financial and managerial resources than we do and can acquire and explore attractive new mining properties. We will face similar difficulties raising new capital to expand operations against the larger, better capitalized competitors. Limited supply and unforeseen demand from larger, more competitive companies may make securing all necessary equipment and materials difficult and may result in periodic interruptions or even business failure. Success depends on a combination of many factors including but not limited to the quality of management, technical (geological) expertise, quality of land available for exploration and the capital available for exploration.
We are subject to inherent mining hazards and risks that may result in future financial obligations.
Risks and hazards associated with the mining industry may adversely affect our future operations such as but not limited to: political and country risks, industrial accidents, labor disputes, inability to retain necessary personnel or equipment, environmental hazards, unexpected geologic formations, cave-ins, landslides, flooding and monsoons, fires, explosions, power outages, and processing problems. Personal injury and death could result as well as property damage, delays in mining, environmental damage, legal liability and monetary loss. We may not be able to obtain insurance to cover these risks at economically reasonable premiums. We do not carry any sort of insurance and may have difficulties obtaining such once operations start as insurance is generally sparse and cost prohibitive.
We do not expect positive cash flow from future operations in the near term. If we are unable to obtain financing in the amounts and on terms deemed acceptable to us, we may be unable to continue our business and as a result may be required to scale back or cease operations for our business.
If we are unable to obtain financing in the amounts and on terms deemed acceptable to us, we may be unable to continue our business and as a result may be required to scale back or cease future operations for our business, the result of which would be that our stockholders would lose some or all of their investment.
Because we anticipate our operating expenses will increase prior to our earning revenues, we may never achieve profitability.
Prior to completion of our exploration stage, we anticipate that we will incur increased operating expenses without realizing any revenues. We therefore expect to incur losses into the foreseeable future. There is no history upon which to base any assumption as to the likelihood that we will prove successful, and we can provide no assurance that we will generate any revenues or ever achieve profitability. If we are unsuccessful in addressing these risks, our business will most likely fail.
Because of the inherent dangers involved in mineral exploration, there is a risk that we may incur liability or damages as we conduct our business.
The search for valuable minerals involves numerous hazards. As a result, we may become subject to liability for such hazards, including pollution, cave-ins and other hazards against which we cannot insure or against which we may elect not to insure. At the present time we have no coverage to insure against these hazards. The payment of such liabilities may have a material adverse effect on our financial position.
5
Our By-laws contain provisions indemnifying our officers and directors against all costs, charges and expenses incurred by them.
Our By-laws contain provisions with respect to the indemnification of each of our officers and directors against all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, actually and reasonably incurred by him, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment in a civil, criminal or administrative action or proceeding to which he is made a party by reason of his being or having been one of our directors or officers.
Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Stock
The continued sale of our equity securities will dilute the ownership percentage of our existing stockholders and may decrease the market price for our common stock.
Given our lack of revenues and the doubtful prospect that we will earn significant revenues in the next several years, we will require additional financing for the next 12 months, which may require us to issue additional equity securities. We expect to continue our efforts to acquire financing to fund our planned development and expansion activities, which may result in dilution to our existing stockholders.
We do not intend to pay dividends and there will thus be fewer ways in which you are able to make a gain on your investment.
We have never paid dividends and do not intend to pay any dividends for the foreseeable future. To the extent that we may require additional funding currently not provided for in our financing plan, our funding sources may prohibit the declaration of dividends. Because we do not intend to pay dividends, any gain on your investment will need to result from an appreciation in the price of our common stock. There will therefore be fewer ways in which you are able to make a gain on your investment.
Because the SEC imposes additional sales practice requirements on brokers who deal in shares of penny stocks, some brokers may be unwilling to trade our securities. This means that you may have difficulty reselling your shares, which may cause the value of your investment to decline.
Our shares are classified as penny stocks and are covered by section 15(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) which imposes additional sales practice requirements on brokers-dealers who sell our securities. For sales of our securities, broker-dealers must make a special suitability determination and receive a written agreement from you prior to making a sale on your behalf. Because of the imposition of the foregoing additional sales practices, it is possible that broker-dealers will not want to make a market in our common stock. This could prevent you from reselling your shares and may cause the value of your investment to decline.
The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority’s (“FINRA”) sales practice requirements may limit your ability to buy and sell our common stock, which could depress the price of our shares.
FINRA rules require broker-dealers to have reasonable grounds for believing that an investment is suitable for a customer before recommending that investment to the customer. Prior to recommending speculative low-priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s financial status, tax status and investment objectives, among other things. Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability such speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers. Thus, FINRA requirements make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our common stock, which may limit your ability to buy and sell our shares, have an adverse effect on the market for our shares, and thereby depress our share price.
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Our compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and SEC rules concerning internal controls will be time-consuming, difficult, and costly.
It will be time-consuming, difficult and costly for us to develop and implement the internal controls, processes and reporting procedures required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We may need to hire additional personnel to do so, and if we are unable to comply with the requirements of the legislation, we may not be able to obtain the independent accountant certifications that the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires publicly traded companies to obtain.
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments |
None.
Item 2. | Properties |
Our principal executive offices are located at 850 Teague Trail, #580, Lady Lake, FL 32159. Our telephone number is (407) 536-9422.
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings |
None.
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures |
No information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR 229.104) is required to be disclosed herein because we are not the operator of any mine (we have no subsidiaries).
Item 5. | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
Our outstanding shares of common stock, par value $.001 per share, are listed on OTC Markets Group, an American financial market providing price and liquidity information for almost 10,000 over-the-counter securities. Our trading symbol is PLYN. As of June 18, 2021, there were 15 holders of our common stock.
Dividends
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock nor do we anticipate paying any in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, we expect to retain any future earnings to finance our operations and expansion. The payment of cash dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon our earnings levels, capital requirements, any restrictive loan covenants and other factors the Board considers relevant.
Item 6. | Selected Financial Data |
We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information required under this item.
Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation |
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and Results of Operations
For a description of our Company’s business, refer to Item 1 of Part I of this annual report on Form 10-K. As indicated in Item 1, we are a mineral exploration and production company engaged in the exploration, acquisition, and development of mineral properties. The following provides information that management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our results of operations and financial condition. The discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and accompanying notes.
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Our Company prepares our financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We disclose our significant accounting policies in the notes to our audited financial statements.
We have elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards under Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act. This election allows us to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until those standards apply to private companies. As a result of this election, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates.
Going Concern
Our financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which implies that we will continue to realize our assets and discharge our liabilities in the normal course of business. We have generated no revenues to date and have an accumulated deficit of $711,941. The continuation of our Company as a going concern is dependent upon the continued financial support from our shareholders, the ability to raise equity or debt financing, and the attainment of profitable operations from our future business. These factors raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.
Use of Estimates and Assumptions
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods presented. We are required to make judgments and estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Although, we believe our judgments and estimates are appropriate, actual future results may be different; if different assumptions or conditions were to prevail, the results could be materially different from our reported results.
Long-Lived Assets
Long-Lived assets, such as property and equipment, mineral properties, and purchased intangibles with finite lives (subject to amortization), are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360 “Property, Plant, and Equipment”. Circumstances which could trigger a review include, but are not limited to: significant decreases in the market price of the asset; significant adverse changes in the business climate or legal factors; accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of the asset; current period cash flow or operating losses combined with a history of losses or a forecast of continuing losses associated with the use of the asset; and current expectation that the asset will more likely than not be sold or disposed significantly before the end of its estimated useful life.
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Recoverability of assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by an asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized as the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset. The estimated fair value is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis. Any impairment in value is recognized as an expense in the period when the impairment occurs.
Income Taxes
Potential benefits of income tax losses are not recognized in the accounts until realization is more likely than not. We have adopted ASC 740, Accounting for Income Taxes, as of its inception. Pursuant to ASC 740, we are required to compute tax asset benefits for net operating losses carried forward. The potential benefits of net operating losses have not been recognized in these financial statements because we cannot be assured it is more likely than not we will utilize the net operating losses carried forward in future years.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
We review new accounting standards as issued. Although some of these accounting standards issued or effective after the end of our previous fiscal year may be applicable to us, we have not identified any standards that we believe merit further discussion. We believe that none of the new standards will have a significant impact on our financial position, future operations or cash flows.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We have limited operational history. From our inception on July 26, 2013 to March 31, 2021, we did not generate any revenues. As a mineral pre-exploration company, we anticipate that we will incur substantial losses for the foreseeable future and do not believe we will be able generate revenues during the next 12 months.
Years Ended March 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended March 31, 2020
Operating Expenses
During the year ended March 31, 2021, we incurred operating expenses of $441,653 compared to $68,870 in the previous year. The 2021 period includes several expenses not incurred in 2020, including the $150,000 expense related to the issuance of preferred stock to our CEO, and the $31,000 expense on the abandonment of the SMG-Gold acquisition. Also, legal and accounting expenses were higher in 2021 versus 2020, mainly because of services provided with respect to the SMG-Gold and Provenance Gold transactions. Finally, fees paid for the services of our CEO increased $66,500 from the 2020 period as a result of an employment agreement dated April 1, 2020 and amended December 2, 2020.
Other Income and Expense
Interest expense increased $11,461 on higher levels of debt. We incurred derivative expense in the 2021 period of $58,082 related to our indebtedness to Mambagone, S.A. de C.V. (“Mambagone”) as explained in Note 7 to the accompanying financial statements. Debt discount amortization increased approximately $71,000, mainly related to our Mambagone indebtedness. These expenses were offset by a gain on extinguishment of debt of $126,291 resulting from forgiveness of debt by a number of our creditors.
Net Loss
Our net loss for the year ended March 31, 2021 of $460,504 ($0.01 per share) compares to a net loss of $73,189 ($0.00 per share) in the previous year.
9
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Since inception we have raised capital through debt financing, advances from related parties and private placements of our common stock. Our capital commitments for the coming 12 months consist of administrative expenses, expenses associated with the completion of our planned exploration program and costs of distribution of our securities. Including this exploration work and other costs, we estimate that we will have to incur the following expenses during the next 12 months:
Description | Estimated
Completion Date (1) |
Estimated
Expenses ($) |
Legal and accounting fees and expenses(2) | 12 months | 95,000 |
Investor relations and capital raising | 12 months | 125,000 |
General and administrative expenses | 12 months | 207,000 |
Transfer Agent and Edgar Services | 12 months | 18,000 |
Investment in companies | 12 months | 600,000 |
Total | 1,045,000 |
(1) | Budget Items are listed in order of priority. |
(2) | Includes $45,000 for accounting and auditing. |
Since our initial share issuances, our company has been unable to raise additional equity funds, forcing us to rely on cash advances and debt financing to meet operating needs. Based on our cash on hand of approximately $99,000 at March 31, 2021, we will be required to raise additional funds to execute our current plan of operation. Beyond our line of credit agreement with Mambagone, we have no commitment from anyone to contribute funds to our Company. If we are unable to raise sufficient funds to execute our plan of operation, we intend to scale back our operations commensurately with the funds available to us. In that regard, we will prioritize expenditures to (in order of priority): (i) maintain our mineral exploration license; and (ii) to conduct our planned exploration activities. We intend to raise the capital that we require through the private placement of our securities or through loans. However, we have not received any financing commitments and there is no guarantee that we will be successful in so doing.
We have no plant or significant equipment to sell, nor are we going to buy any plant or significant equipment during the next 12 months. We do not intend to hire any employees at this time.
Limited Operating History; Need for Additional Capital
There is no historical financial information about us upon which to base an evaluation of our performance as an exploration corporation. Our business is subject to risks inherent in the establishment of a new business enterprise, including limited capital resources.
We have no assurance that financing will be available to us on acceptable terms. If financing is not available on satisfactory terms, we may be unable to commence, continue, develop, or expand our exploration activities. Even if available, equity financing could result in additional dilution to existing shareholders.
Balance Sheets
At March 31, 2021, we had cash of $98,889 and total assets of $99,755 compared with cash and total assets of $77 as of March 31, 2020. The overall cash and asset balance increased from the prior year as a result of debt financing. Additionally, In January 2021, several creditors forgave approximately $299,000 in amounts we owed them through the execution of General Releases.
During the year ended March 31, 2021, we issued 4,000,000 common shares in connection with the SMG-Gold transaction. We also issued 30,968 common shares to two individuals for Board of Director services and 315,790 common shares to a company (with an additional 201,451 shares committed to be issued) for services provided. Extinguishment of related party debt increased our Additional Paid-in Capital by $172,895. Finally, we sold 10,000 shares for $5,000.
10
During the year ended March 31, 2020, we issued 20,000 common shares for settlement of debt with a fair value of $10,000.
Cash Flows
Operating Activities
During the year ended March 31, 2021, we used cash of $295,665 for operating activities compared with $31,920 during the year ended March 31, 2020. The increase in the cash used for operating activities resulted mainly from a higher net loss in 2021.
Investing Activities
We had capital expenditures of $1,123 in the 2021 period versus zero in 2020.
Financing Activities
During the year ended March 31, 2021, we received $5,000 from the sale of 10,000 shares of our common stock. In addition, we received proceeds of $390,600 from debt financing, $50,600 or which came from related parties. During the year ended March 31, 2020, we received $38,000 from non-related party loans and $3,039 of convertible promissory notes which were repaid during the year.
Trends
We are in the pre-exploration stage, have not generated any revenue and have no prospects of generating any revenue in the foreseeable future. We are unaware of any known trends, events or uncertainties that have had, or are reasonably likely to have, a material impact on our business or income, either in the long term or short term, other than as described in this section or in “Risk Factors”.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to our stockholders.
Inflation
The effect of inflation on our revenues and operating results has not been significant.
Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
None.
11
Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
Index to Financial Statements
12
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Palayan Resources, Inc.:
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Palayan Resources, Inc. (“the Company”) as of March 31, 2020, the related statements of operations, stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows for the year ended March 31, 2020 and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended March 31, 2020, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Sadler, Gibb & Associates, LLC
We have served as the Company’s auditor from 2014 to 2020.
Salt Lake City, UT
August 5, 2020
13
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Palayan Resources, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Palayan Resources, Inc. (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2021, the related statement of operations, stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
Going Concern Matter
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2, the Company has generated no revenues to date, suffered recurring losses from operations and has a net capital deficiency that raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans regarding these matters are also described in Note 2. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Valuation of Derivative Liabilities for Conversion Features in Convertible Debt
Description of the Matter: At March 31, 2021, the Company’s derivative liability was $322,285. As described in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company records a derivative liability for embedded conversion features by performing a valuation of the conversion features using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The use of the Black-Scholes option valuation model requires the Company to determine appropriate inputs to put into the model. Auditing the valuation of the derivative liability requires testing and analysis of the underlying estimates and assumptions the Company used as inputs in the Black-Scholes option valuation model.
14
How We Addressed the Matter: Our audit procedures consisted of testing the key inputs that were used in the Black-Scholes option valuation model by calculating our own internal valuation of the derivative liability and comparing to what was recorded by the Company.
Valuation of Common Stock Prepared by Third Party Appraiser
Description of the Matter: For the year ended March 31, 2021, the Company issued preferred and common shares for services provided by employees and non-employees. As described in Note 9 to the financial statements, the Company records stock compensation expenses based on a June 2020 independent third-party valuation of the fair value of our common stock. The independent third-party valuation requires the Company to determine appropriate inputs to calculate the fair value of the Company. Auditing the independent third-party valuation requires understanding and testing of the underlying estimates and assumptions the Company.
How We Addressed the Matter: Our audit procedures consisted of 1) assessing the knowledge, skill, ability, and objectivity of the independent third-party appraiser 2) obtaining an understanding of the methods and assumptions used 3) making appropriate tests of data used by the third-party valuation, and 4) evaluating the findings supporting the related assertions in the financial statements.
/s/ TAAD LLP
TAAD LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020
Diamond Bar, CA
July 12, 2021
15
PALAYAN RESOURCES, INC.
March 31, 2021 | March 31, 2020 | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||
Cash | $ | 98,889 | $ | 77 | ||||
Total current assets | 98,889 | 77 | ||||||
Equipment, net | 866 | — | ||||||
Total Assets | $ | 99,755 | $ | 77 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT | ||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 5,168 | $ | 6,645 | ||||
Notes payable | — | 38,000 | ||||||
Notes payable – related party | 25,000 | — | ||||||
Due to related parties | — | 163,830 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 30,168 | 208,475 | ||||||
Long-term liabilities: | ||||||||
Convertible note payable – non-related party, net of debt discount | 34,116 | — | ||||||
Derivative liabilities | 322,285 | — | ||||||
Total long-term liabilities | 356,401 | — | ||||||
Total Liabilities | 386,569 | 208,475 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies | — | — | ||||||
Stockholders’ deficit: | ||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized | ||||||||
Series A – 5,000,000 shares authorized; 2,500,000 and none issued and outstanding at March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | 2,500 | — | ||||||
Series B – 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding at March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | — | — | ||||||
Series C – 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding at March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | — | — | ||||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; 34,376,758 and 30,020,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | 34,377 | 30,020 | ||||||
Common stock to be issued, 201,451 and none at March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | 201 | — | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 388,049 | 13,019 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit | (711,941 | ) | (251,437 | ) | ||||
Total Stockholders’ Deficit | (286,814 | ) | (208,398 | ) | ||||
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit | $ | 99,755 | $ | 77 |
See accompanying Notes to the financial statements
16
PALAYAN RESOURCES, INC.
For the Year Ended March 31, 2021 | For the Year Ended March 31, 2020 | |||||||
Operating expenses: | ||||||||
Selling and marketing expense | $ | 7,750 | $ | — | ||||
General and administrative expense | 433,903 | 68,870 | ||||||
Total operating expense | 441,653 | 68,870 | ||||||
Operating loss | (441,653 | ) | (68,870 | ) | ||||
Other income (expense): | ||||||||
Interest expense | (12,741 | ) | (1,280 | ) | ||||
Derivative expense | (58,082 | ) | — | |||||
Debt discount amortization | (74,319 | ) | (3,039 | ) | ||||
Gain on extinguishment of debt | 126,291 | — | ||||||
Total other income (expense) | (18,851 | ) | (4,319 | ) | ||||
Loss before provision for income taxes | (460,504 | ) | (73,189 | ) | ||||
Provision for income taxes | — | — | ||||||
Net loss | $ | (460,504 | ) | $ | (73,189 | ) | ||
Weighted average shares basic and diluted | 33,543,005 | 30,000,329 | ||||||
Weighted average basic and diluted loss per common share | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.00 | ) |
See accompanying Notes to the financial statements
17
PALAYAN RESOURCES, INC.
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Preferred Stock | Preferred Stock | Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Series A | Series B | Series C | Common Stock | To Be Issued | Paid-In | Accumulated | Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Deficit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance - March 31, 2019 | — | $ | — | — | $ | — | — | $ | — | 30,000,000 | $ | 30,000 | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (178,248 | ) | $ | (148,248 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issued for settlement of debt | — | — | — | — | — | — | 20,000 | 20 | — | — | 9,980 | — | 10,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beneficial conversion feature | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3,039 | — | 3,039 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (73,189 | ) | (73,189 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance - March 31, 2020 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30,020,000 | 30,020 | — | — | 13,019 | (251,437 | ) | (208,398 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issued as deposit for acquisition | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4,000,000 | 4,000 | — | — | 12,000 | — | 16,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sale of stock | — | — | — | — | — | — | 10,000 | 10 | — | — | 4,990 | — | 5,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beneficial conversion feature | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 36,000 | — | 36,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock issued for services | 2,500,000 | 2,500 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 147,500 | — | 150,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock issued or issuable for services | — | — | — | — | — | — | 346,758 | 347 | 201,451 | 201 | 1,645 | — | 2,193 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Extinguishment of related party debt | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 172,895 | — | 172,895 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (460,504 | ) | (460,504 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance - March 31, 2021 | 2,500,000 | $ | 2,500 | — | $ | — | — | $ | — | 34,376,758 | $ | 34,377 | 201,451 | $ | 201 | $ | 388,049 | $ | (711,941 | ) | $ | (286,814 | ) |
See accompanying notes to financial statements
18
PALAYAN RESOURCES, INC.
For the Year Ended March 31, 2021 | For the Year Ended March 31, 2020 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
Net loss | $ | (460,504 | ) | $ | (73,189 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
Value of shares issued as acquisition deposit | 16,000 | — | ||||||
Shares issued for services | 152,193 | — | ||||||
Gain on extinguishment of debt | (126,291 | ) | — | |||||
Derivative expense | 58,082 | — | ||||||
Depreciation | 258 | — | ||||||
Debt discount amortization | 74,319 | 3,039 | ||||||
Expenses paid by related parties | — | 2,250 | ||||||
Expenses paid on behalf of our Company | — | 8,114 | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 7,683 | 461 | ||||||
Due to related parties | (17,405 | ) | 27,405 | |||||
Net cash used in operating activities | (295,665 | ) | (31,920 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
Capital expenditures | (1,123 | ) | — | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (1,123 | ) | — | |||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
Proceeds from sale of common stock | 5,000 | — | ||||||
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes payable | — | 2,925 | ||||||
Proceeds from issuance of notes payable – non-related parties | 340,000 | 30,000 | ||||||
Proceeds from issuance of note payable – related parties | 50,600 | — | ||||||
Repayment of convertible notes payable | — | (3,039 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 395,600 | 29,886 | ||||||
Net change in cash | 98,812 | (2,034 | ) | |||||
Cash, beginning of period | 77 | 2,111 | ||||||
Cash, end of period | $ | 98,889 | $ | 77 | ||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information | ||||||||
Cash paid during the period for: | ||||||||
Interest | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
Taxes | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||
Beneficial conversion feature | $ | 36,000 | $ | 3,039 | ||||
Stock issued for services by related party | $ | — | $ | 10,000 | ||||
Extinguishment of related party debt | $ | 172,895 | $ | — |
See accompanying Notes to the financial statements
19
PALAYAN RESOURCES, INC.
MARCH 31, 2021 AND 2020
1. | Organization History and Business |
Organization and Business
We were incorporated in the State of Nevada on July 26, 2013 and are a mineral exploration and production company engaged in the exploration, acquisition, and development of mineral properties. On April 2, 2020, we entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”) with Scythian Mining Group Ltd. (“SMG”), a United Kingdom company, to acquire 100% interest in SMG-Gold B.V. (“SMG-Gold”), a Dutch limited liability company (the “SMG-Gold Acquisition”). While the Exchange Agreement was closed on July 7, 2020, it was never finalized because consideration for the transaction was never fully exchanged. On November 18, 2020, our Board of Directors voted unanimously to rescind the transaction and return the SMG-Gold shares to SMG. See Note 3 for additional information.
As reported in our Form 8-K filed January 13, 2020, on January 8, 2021, we entered into a Joint Venture Agreement (the “JV Agreement”) with Provenance Gold Corporation, a Canadian publicly traded company (“PAU”) to fund and develop a series of 102 lode mineral claims (the “Silver Bow Claims”) and one (1) patented mining claim (the “Blue Horse Claim”) (collectively, the Silver Bow Claims and the Blue Horse Claim shall be hereinafter referred to as the “Project”), all of which are located in Nye County in the State of Nevada (the “Venture”). On March 22, 2021, we entered into a Rescission Agreement with PAU rescinding and rendering null and void the JV Agreement, and returning any funds advanced by either party in connection with the JV Agreement. See Note 4 for additional information.
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. This contagious disease outbreak and any related adverse public health developments, has adversely affected workforces, economies, and financial markets globally, leading to an economic downturn. The impact on our Company is not currently determinable, but management continues to monitor the situation.
2. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Basis of Presentation
We have prepared the accompanying financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Going Concern Considerations
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, which contemplate continuation of our Company as a going concern. We currently have no revenues, have incurred net losses, and have an accumulated deficit of $711,941 as of March 31, 2021. Effective December 4, 2020, we entered into a Credit Line Agreement with Mambagone, S.A de C.V. (“Mambagone”) which allows for advances totaling $1,050,000, $600,000 of which are estimated for general working capital purposes and $450,000 for required payments under the JV Agreement. While we estimate that these advances will cover our general working capital needs for at least the next 12 months, that cannot be assured. As a result, there is reasonable doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the date of this report. If our working capital needs are not met with the Mambagone Credit Line Agreement and we are unable to obtain adequate capital, we could be forced to cease operations.
The continuation of our Company as a going concern is dependent upon continued financial support from our shareholders, the ability to raise equity or debt financing, and the attainment of profitable operations from any future business we may acquire. There are no assurances that we will be successful in obtaining sufficient capital to continue as a going concern.
20
The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if our Company is unable to continue as a going concern.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid instruments with maturity of three months or less at the time of issuance to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2021 and 2020, we had no cash equivalents.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. Applicable accounting guidance provides an established hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of our Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect our Company’s assumptions about the factors that market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 | - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. | |
Level 2 | - Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace. | |
Level 3 | - Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity. |
The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of March 31, 2021 and 2020. The respective carrying value of certain on-balance-sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values. These financial instruments include cash, accounts payable, and accrued expenses. Fair values for these items were assumed to approximate carrying values because they are short-term in nature or they are payable on demand. Fair values for derivative liabilities were determined under level 2 since inputs used are either directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.
Derivative Financial Instruments – We account for convertible debt with conversion features representing embedded derivative liabilities in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. ASC 815-15-25-1 requires that embedded derivative instruments be bifurcated and assessed on their issuance date and measured at their fair value for accounting purposes. In determining the appropriate fair value, we use the Black-Scholes option valuation method, resulting in a reduction of the initial carrying amount of the notes as unamortized debt discount. The unamortized discount is amortized over the term of each note using the effective interest method.
The fair value of derivative instruments is recorded and shown separately under liabilities. Changes in the fair value of derivative liabilities are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations under non-operating income (expense).
21
We evaluate each of our financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the consolidated statements of operations. For stock-based derivative financial instruments, we use a weighted average Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model to value the derivative instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within twelve months of the balance sheet date.
Long-lived Assets
We follow ASC 360-10-15-3, Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets, which established a “primary asset” approach to determine the cash flow estimation period for a group of assets and liabilities that represents the unit of accounting for a long-lived asset to be held and used. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740 - Income Taxes, which requires us to provide a net deferred tax asset/liability equal to the expected future tax benefit/expense of temporary reporting differences between book and tax accounting methods and any available operating loss or tax credit carry forwards. Tax law and rate changes are reflected in income in the period such changes are enacted. We record a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. We include interest and penalties related to income taxes, including unrecognized tax benefits, within the provision for income taxes.
Our income tax returns are based on calculations and assumptions that are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities. In addition, the calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. We recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. While we believe we have appropriate support for the positions taken on our tax returns, we regularly assess the potential outcomes of examinations by tax authorities in determining the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. We continually assess the likelihood and amount of potential adjustments and adjust the income tax provision, income taxes payable and deferred taxes in the period in which the facts that give rise to a revision become known.
Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share
We compute net income (loss) per share in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share. ASC 260 requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) on the face of the income statement. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method and convertible preferred stock using the if-converted method. Diluted EPS excludes all potential dilutive shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. As of March 31, 2021 and 2020, we had no potentially dilutive shares.
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New Accounting Pronouncements
We have reviewed all accounting pronouncements recently issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force), the AICPA, and the SEC and have determined that they are either not applicable or are not believed to have a material impact on our present or future financial statements.
3. | SMG-Gold Acquisition |
As stated in Note 1, on April 2, 2020, we entered into the Exchange Agreement with SMG and SMG’s wholly owned subsidiary SMG-Gold. Under the Exchange Agreement, SMG agreed to exchange one hundred percent (100%) of the issued and outstanding shares of SMG-Gold for an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock and 1,000,000 shares of our Series C Preferred Stock (the “Preferred Stock Consideration”). In November 2019, SMG-Gold had been assigned the rights and obligations of participatory interests in Altyn Kokus LLP, a limited liability partnership organized under the laws of Kazakhstan engaged in mining operations, but the assignment was not completed since the participatory interests had not been legally transferred to SMG-Gold as a result of certain payments not being made to Bulat Kulchimbayev (“Bulat”), a Kazakhstan national, in consideration for the sale of the participatory interests.
On May 1, 2020, SMG-Gold and Bulat agreed to modify the obligations payable to Bulat as follows: (1) SMG-Gold would pay Bulat a total of $750,000 in US Dollars, payable at various dates through October 15, 2020 ($15,000 of which has been paid to date); and (2) in anticipation of the closing of the Exchange Agreement, SMG-Gold would provide that Palayan Resources, Inc. would issue to Bulat 4,000,000 shares of our restricted common stock. We issued the 4,000,000 shares of our common stock to Bulat on June 8, 2020 and recorded a deposit for the proposed SMG-Gold Acquisition of $16,000 based on an independent third-party valuation of the fair value of our common stock on the date of issuance.
To date, Bulat has not received any cash obligations owed to him, except for the $15,000 previously paid by us, and has not transferred the participation interests in Altyn Kokus LLP to SMG-Gold. It appears highly unlikely that any additional cash obligation will be paid to Bulat and, as a result, equally unlikely that the participation interests in Altyn Kokus LLP will be transferred to SMG-Gold. As such, the transaction contemplated by the Exchange Agreement has been deemed to be incomplete. Given the uncertainty of being able to complete the transaction, on November 18, 2020, our Board of Directors called a Special Meeting in which they concluded that it was in the best interests of our Company to rescind the SMG-Gold Acquisition. As such, our Board voted unanimously to rescind the Exchange Agreement, to return the parties to their respective positions prior to entering into the Exchange Agreement, to the extent possible, to return the SMG-Gold shares to SMG, and to place a Stop Transfer Order with our transfer agent for the 4,000,000 shares of our common stock issued to Bulat.
In connection with the Exchange Agreement, during the year ended March 31, 2021, we have recorded a General and Administrative expense totaling $31,000. This amount consists of the $15,000 paid in cash to Bulat plus $16,000 in value for the 4,000,000 common shares issued to Bulat, since the Stop Transfer Order has not yet been put into effect.
4. | PAU JV Agreement |
As stated in Note 1, on January 8, 2021, we entered into the JV Agreement with PAU to fund and develop the Silver Bow Claims and the Blue Horse Claim.
Under the JV Agreement, PAU was to contribute its interest in the Project and its full-time expertise in the mining operations of the Venture, and in exchange, our Company was to fund the Venture with certain cash payments.
Subsequent to the closing of the JV Agreement, both parties deemed it in their best interests not to move forward with the Venture based on various factors, including, but not limited to, financial constraints and considerations, current global economic factors, and general operational difficulties relating to the initial operations of the Venture.
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Accordingly, on March 22, 2021, we entered into a Rescission Agreement with PAU rescinding and rendering null and void the JV Agreement, and returning any funds advanced by either party in connection with the JV Agreement.
5. | Equipment, net |
As of March 31, 2021, equipment consists of a laptop computer. Depreciation was calculated on a straight-line basis over a three-year period and was $258 for the year ended March 31, 2021.
6. | Related Party Transactions |
Payable to Stockholder
From time to time, we have received advances from and issued promissory notes to Joel Cortez, who at the time was a large stockholder. These advances, which are reported on our Balance Sheets under the caption Due to Related Parties, bore no interest and were repayable on demand. On January 12, 2021, Mr. Cortez executed a General Release releasing our Company from any obligation to repay amounts owed to him. No consideration was paid to Mr. Cortez for the General Release. The amount owed to Mr. Cortez at the time of his execution of the General Release (and also at March 31, 2020) was $146,425. We recorded this transaction as an extinguishment of debt - see Note 11 for further information.
Employment Agreement
Under an April 1, 2020 Executive Employment Agreement, amended December 2, 2020, we retained the services of Mr. James Jenkins, our CEO and Director, by and through C2C Business Strategies, LLC (formerly Irvine America MB Management, LLC) (“C2C”). The amended employment agreement calls for monthly payments to C2C for Mr. Jenkins services as follows: $7,500 through December 31, 2020; $10,000 commencing January 1, 2021; and $12,000 commencing April 1, 2021 and thereafter. In addition, Mr. Jenkins will be provided with business expense reimbursements and employee benefits, if and when offered. No employee benefits are offered at this time.
During the year ended March 31, 2021, we have expensed $109,500 for the services of Mr. Jenkins and paid C2C Business Strategies LLC (formerly IAMB) a like amount. At March 31, 2021, nothing is owed for the services of Mr. Jenkins.
7. | Notes Payable |
Notes payable consists of the following at March 31, 2021 and 2020:
March 31, 2021 |
March
31, 2020 |
|||||||
Non-Related Parties: | ||||||||
Unsecured promissory notes | $ | — | $ | 38,000 | ||||
Advances under unsecured credit line agreement | 260,000 | — | ||||||
Less debt discount on amounts borrowed | (225,884 | ) | — | |||||
Subtotal — non-related parties | 34,116 | 38,000 | ||||||
Less current portion | — | (38,000 | ) | |||||
Long-term portion | $ | 34,116 | $ | — | ||||
Related Party: | ||||||||
Unsecured promissory note | $ | 25,000 | $ | — | ||||
Subtotal — related party | 25,000 | — | ||||||
Less current portion | (25,000 | ) | — | |||||
Long-term portion | $ | — | $ | — |
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NON-RELATED PARTIES
Unsecured Promissory Notes
During our fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, we issued three unsecured promissory notes to unrelated third parties in the principal amounts aggregating $38,000. During the six months ended September 30, 2020, we issued two unsecured promissory notes to unrelated third parties in the principal amounts aggregating $30,000, bringing the total debt for these notes to $68,000. Each note contained the same terms, bearing interest at 10% per annum and being repayable on demand. On January 12, 2021, each holder of these notes executed a General Release releasing our Company from any obligation to repay amounts owed to them. No consideration was paid to the note holders for their General Release. We recorded these transactions as extinguishments of debt - see Note 11 for further information.
Unsecured Convertible Promissory Notes
On July 24, 2020, we issued an unsecured convertible promissory note to an unrelated third party in the principal amount of $50,000. The note bears interest at 10% per annum. The note is repayable on the earlier of (1) mandatory and automatic conversion provisions of the note or (2) the two (2) year anniversary of the note. The principal and accrued interest of this note may be converted, in whole, into shares of our common stock at the option of the note holder at any time after 30 days from the issue date. In addition, if at any time prior to maturity (a) the closing price of our common stock for five consecutive trading days equals or exceeds $2.00 per share, and (b) the daily trading volume equals or exceeds 20,000 shares during the same five consecutive trading days, then all unpaid principal and accrued interest shall be automatically converted into shares of our common stock. The conversion price for this note is $1.00 per share. We determined that this convertible note contains a beneficial conversion feature of $36,000 based on the difference between the fair market value of our common stock on the date of issuance and the conversion price. We have recorded this amount as a debt discount and are amortizing the discount on a straight-line basis over the two-year term of the note.
On January 12, 2021, the holder of this note executed a General Release releasing our Company from any obligation to repay amounts owed. No consideration was paid to the note holder for the General Release. We recorded this transaction as an extinguishment of debt - see Note 11 for further information. During the year ended March 31, 2021 we recorded amortization expense of $36,000 in connection with this note.
On November 29, 2019, we received $2,100 in cash and $114 in expenses paid by a convertible promissory note, which was unsecured, bears interest at 10% per annum, is due at the earlier of: (i) 90 days from the date of the note; (ii) successful close of an equity financing greater than $100,000; or (iii) an event of default, and is convertible into common shares at a conversion price of $0.001 per share. We recorded a beneficial conversion feature of $2,100, which was amortized over the expected life of the promissory note. On February 21, 2020, the convertible promissory note was repaid. During the year ended March 31, 2020, we recorded amortization expense of $2,100.
On December 13, 2019, we received $825 in cash and $114 in expenses paid by a convertible promissory note, which was unsecured, bears interest at 10% per annum, and is due at the earlier of: (i) 90 days from the date of the note; (ii) successful close of an equity financing greater than $100,000; or (iii) an event of default, and is convertible into common shares at a conversion price of $0.001 per share. We recorded a beneficial conversion feature of $939, which was amortized over the expected life of the promissory note. On February 21, 2020, the convertible promissory note was repaid. During the year ended March 31, 2020, we recorded amortization expense of $939.
Unsecured Credit Line Agreement
Effective December 4, 2020, we entered into a Credit Line Agreement with Mambagone (“the Mambagone LOC”) under which Mambagone agreed to advance our Company a total of $1,050,000 on various dates specified in the Mambagone LOC, $600,000 of which are estimated for general working capital purposes and $450,000 for required payments under the JV Agreement. The Mambagone LOC was revised effective January 9, 2021 to reflect an updated schedule of advances. Each advance under the Mambagone LOC bears interest at 8% per annum and matures, along with all accrued and unpaid interest, on July 31, 2022.
Mambagone has the right, but not the obligation, at any time, to convert all or any portion of the outstanding principal amount and accrued interest into fully paid and non-assessable shares of our common stock. The conversion price shall be equal to seventy-five percent (75%) of the average of the closing price of our common stock during the ten (10) trading days immediately preceding the conversion date. We determined that the conversion provisions of the Mambagone LOC contain an embedded derivative feature and we valued the derivative feature separately, recording debt discount and derivative liabilities during the year ended March 31, 2021 in accordance with the provisions of the advances. See Note 8. We are amortizing the debt discount on a straight-line basis over the term of the advances. For the year ended March 31, 2021, we recorded debt discount of $264,203 and amortization of debt discount of $38,319 in relation to these advances.
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RELATED PARTIES
Unsecured Promissory Notes
On September 10, 2020, we issued an unsecured promissory note to a related third party, Mr. Cortez, in the amount of $25,600. The note bore interest at 10% per annum and was payable on demand. On January 12, 2021, Mr. Cortez executed a General Release releasing our Company from any obligation to repay amounts owed to him. No consideration was paid to Mr. Cortez for the General Release. We recorded this transaction as an extinguishment of debt - see Note 11 for further information.
On March 16, 2021, we issued an unsecured promissory note to one of our large stockholders in the amount of $25,000. The note bears interest at 10% per annum and is payable on demand. No demand has been made for payments against this note.
8. | Derivative Liabilities |
As stated in Note 7, Notes Payable, we determined that the advances under the unsecured credit line agreement each contained an embedded derivative feature in the form of a conversion provision which was adjustable based on future prices of our common stock. In accordance with ASC 815-10-25, each derivative feature was initially recorded at its fair value using the Black-Scholes option valuation method and then re-valued at the March 31, 2021 reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. Derivative liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date.
The following table represents our derivative liability activity for the year ended March 31, 2021:
Initial measurement of advances | $ | 264,203 | ||
Derivative expense | 58,082 | |||
Balance at March 31, 2021 | $ | 322,285 |
The fair value of the derivative features of the convertible notes were calculated using the following assumptions:
March 31, 2021 | ||||
Expected term in years | Through 7/31/22 | |||
Risk-free interest rate | 0.07% to 0.12% | |||
Annual expected volatility | 332% to 362% | |||
Dividend yield | 0.00% |
Risk-free interest rate: We use the risk-free interest rate of a U.S. Treasury Bill with a similar term on the date of the issuance.
Volatility: We estimate the expected volatility of the stock price based on the corresponding volatility of our historical stock price for a period consistent with the convertible notes’ expected terms.
Dividend yield: We use a 0% expected dividend yield as we have not paid dividends to date and do not anticipate declaring dividends in the near future.
Remaining term: The remaining term is based on the remaining contractual term of the convertible notes.
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9. | Capital Stock |
On June 1, 2020, we amended our Articles of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of our common stock from 75,000,000 to 500,000,000 and to authorize the issuance of up to 100,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock.
Preferred Stock
We are authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of our $0.001 par value preferred stock and, as of March 31, 2021, have designated three (3) series of preferred stock whose rights are described below:
Series A Preferred Stock – we have designated 5,000,000 Series A preferred shares. The Series A preferred ranking is senior to common shares, no dividends are payable, and each share is convertible into common shares at a rate of 15 common shares for each Series A preferred share. The voting rights for the Series A preferred was originally designated to be 100 votes for each Series A preferred share. On September 4, 2020 in the First Amendment to the Exchange Agreement, the voting rights were reduced to 20 votes for each Series A preferred share.
During the year ended March 31, 2021, we issued a total of 2,500,000 Series A preferred shares to our CEO and Director. We valued the preferred shares at $150,000 based on a June 2020 independent third-party valuation of the fair value of the underlying common stock.
Series B Preferred Stock – we have designated 5,000,000 Series B preferred shares. The Series B preferred ranking is senior to common stock, no dividends are payable, and each share is convertible into common shares at a rate of 10 common shares for each Series B preferred share. The voting rights for this Series B is designated to be 10 votes for each Series B preferred share. No Series B preferred shares are issued and outstanding at either March 31, 2021 or 2020.
Series C Preferred Stock – we have designated 5,000,000 Series C preferred shares. The Series C preferred ranking is senior to common stock, no dividends are payable, and each share is convertible into common shares at a rate of 30 common shares for each Series C preferred share. The Series C shares have no voting rights. No Series C preferred shares are issued and outstanding at either March 31, 2021 or 2020.
Common Stock Issued
We are authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of our $0.001 par value common stock and each holder is entitled to one (1) vote on all matters subject to a vote of stockholders.
During the year ended March 31, 2021, the following activity took place with respect to our common stock:
(1) As stated in Note 3, we issued 4,000,000 shares to Bulat at a fair value of $16,000 based on an independent third-party valuation of the fair value of our common stock on the date of issuance.
(2) We issued 30,968 shares for Board of Director services rendered by two individuals. We recorded a general and administrative expense of $124 in connection with this issuance based on an independent third-party valuation of the fair value of our common stock on the date of issuance.
(3) We issued 315,790 to a vendor for services and recorded a general and administrative expense of $1,263 in connection with this issuance based on an independent third-party valuation of the fair value of our common stock on the date of issuance.
(4) We sold 10,000 shares in the three months ended September 30, 2020 for a total of $5,000.
During the year ended March 31, 2020, we issued 20,000 shares of common stock to our CEO and President for $10,000 of accrued consulting services performed during the year. On the date of the settlement, the common stock price was $0.50 per share, resulting in no gain or loss.
Common Stock To Be Issued
Our agreement with the vendor in (3) above required us to issue additional shares in the event our stock price decreased from what it was at the time of the agreement. Based on a decrease in our stock price, the vendor was entitled to receive an additional 201,451 shares of our common stock as of March 31, 2021. The shares were issued in April 2021. We valued this share issuance using the same valuation as was used for the original stock issuance and recorded an additional general and administrative expense of $806 during the year ended March 31, 2021.
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10. | Income Taxes |
Our Company has not filed any tax returns, but we plan on bringing our tax filings current as soon as practical. We are currently not subject to state income tax filing requirements. As of March 31, 2021, we had net operating loss carry forwards, on a book basis, of approximately $685,051 that may be available to reduce various future years’ Federal taxable income for 20 years through 2041. Net operating losses may be limited resulting from previous mergers and changes in business. Future tax benefits which may arise because of these losses have not been recognized in the accompanying financial statements, as their realization is determined not likely to occur and accordingly, we have recorded a valuation allowance for the deferred tax asset relating to the net operating loss carry forwards. Net operating losses will begin to expire in 2035.
The following table presents the current income tax provision for federal and state income taxes for the years ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:
For the Year Ended March 31, 2021 | For the Year Ended March 31, 2020 | |||||||
Current tax provisions: | ||||||||
Federal | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
State | — | — | ||||||
Total provision for income taxes | $ | — | $ | — |
Reconciliations of the U.S. federal statutory rate to our actual tax rate for the years ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
US federal statutory income tax rate | 21.0 | % | 21.0 | % | ||||
Net gains on extinguishment of debt | 5.8 | % | — | |||||
Non-deductible expenses, net of federal benefit | ||||||||
Derivative expense | (2.7 | )% | ||||||
Other permanent differences | (3.4 | )% | (0.9 | )% | ||||
Increase in valuation allowance | (20.7 | )% | (20.1 | )% | ||||
Total provision for income taxes | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % |
The components of our deferred tax assets for federal and state income taxes as of March 31, 2021 and 2020 consisted of the following:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
Current | ||||||||
Reserves and accruals | $ | 2,676 | $ | — | ||||
Non-current | ||||||||
Net operating loss carry forwards | 143,860 | 51,114 | ||||||
Less: valuation allowance | (146,536 | ) | (51,114 | ) | ||||
Net deferred tax assets | $ | — | $ | — |
During the years ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the valuation reserve increased $95,422 and $14,732, respectively. In assessing the recovery of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income in the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversals of future deferred tax assets, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. As a result, management determined, as of March 31, 2021, that it was more likely than not the deferred tax assets would not be realized.
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11. | Debt Mitigation |
On January 12, 2021, certain creditors agreed to cancel the amounts owed to them through the execution of a general release. The following table reflects the creditors, types of debt and amounts cancelled.
Principal | Accrued Interest | |||||||
NON-RELATED PARTIES | ||||||||
Unsecured promissory notes – non-related party | $ | 68,000 | $ | 5,935 | ||||
Unsecured convertible promissory note – non-related party | 50,000 | 2,356 | ||||||
$ | 118,000 | $ | 8,291 | |||||
RELATED PARTIES | ||||||||
Due to related party | $ | 146,425 | $ | — | ||||
Unsecured promissory note – related party | 25,600 | 870 | ||||||
$ | 172,025 | $ | 870 |
Our Company paid no consideration to these creditors in exchange for the cancellation of their debts. In connection with the non-related party cancellations, we recorded a gain on extinguishment of debt in the amount of $126,291 in the year ended March 31, 2021. With regard to the related party debt cancellations, we recorded an increase to additional paid-in capital of $172,895.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation, both the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, were not effective as of March 31, 2021.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our Management is responsible for establishing adequate internal controls over financial reporting, as that term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting as of March 31, 2021 based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal controls over financial reporting were not effective as of March 31, 2021, and that there was no change in our internal controls over financial reporting that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, such internal controls during the year ended on that date.
This annual report does not include a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of our company’s registered public accounting firm due to a transition period established by rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission for newly public companies.
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Changes in Internal Control over financial reporting
During the year ended March 31, 2020, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).
None.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Our bylaws state that our authorized number of directors shall be not less than one and shall be set by resolution of our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors has fixed the number of directors at five, and we currently have only three directors.
Our current directors and officer are as follows:
Name | Age | Position | ||
James E Jenkins | 66 | President and Director | ||
Roy Y Salisbury | 63 | Director | ||
Wayne Yamamoto | 66 | Director |
Each director will serve in that capacity until our next annual shareholder meeting or until their successor is elected and qualified. Officers hold their positions at the will of our Board of Directors. There are no arrangements, agreements or understandings between non-management security holders and management under which non-management security holders may directly or indirectly participate in or influence the management of our affairs.
Other Directorships
Our directors hold other directorships in companies with a class of securities registered pursuant to section 12 of the Exchange Act or subject to the requirements of section 15(d) of such Act or any company registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
Board of Directors and Director Nominees
The Board will consider candidates for directors proposed by security holders, although no formal procedures for submitting candidates have been adopted. Unless otherwise determined, at any time not less than 90 days prior to the next annual Board meeting at which the slate of director nominees is adopted, the Board will accept written submissions from proposed nominees that include the name, address and telephone number of the proposed nominee; a brief statement of the nominee’s qualifications to serve as a director; and a statement as to why the security holder submitting the proposed nominee believes that the nomination would be in the best interests of our security holders. If the proposed nominee is not the same person as the security holder submitting the name of the nominee, a letter from the nominee agreeing to the submission of his or her name for consideration should be provided at the time of submission. The letter should be accompanied by a résumé supporting the nominee’s qualifications to serve on the Board, as well as a list of references.
The Board identifies director nominees through a combination of referrals from different people, including management, existing Board members and security holders. Once a candidate has been identified, the Board reviews the individual’s experience and background and may discuss the proposed nominee with the source of the recommendation. If the Board believes it to be appropriate, Board members may meet with the proposed nominee before making a final determination whether to include the proposed nominee as a member of the slate of director nominees submitted to security holders for election to the Board.
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Some of the factors which the Board considers when evaluating proposed nominees include their knowledge of and experience in business matters, finance, capital markets and mergers and acquisitions. The Board may request additional information from each candidate prior to reaching a determination. The Board is under no obligation to formally respond to all recommendations, although as a matter of practice, it will endeavor to do so.
Conflicts of Interest
Our directors and officers are not obligated to commit their full time and attention to our business and, accordingly, they may encounter a conflict of interest in allocating their time between our future operations and those of other businesses. In the course of their other business activities, they may become aware of investment and business opportunities which may be appropriate for presentation to us as well as other entities to which they owe a fiduciary duty. As a result, they may have conflicts of interest in determining to which entity a particular business opportunity should be presented. They may also in the future become affiliated with entities, engaged in business activities similar to those we intend to conduct.
In general, officers and directors of a corporation are required to present business opportunities to a corporation if:
● | the corporation could financially undertake the opportunity; |
● | the opportunity is within the corporation’s line of business; and |
● | it would be unfair to the corporation and its stockholders not to bring the opportunity to the attention of the corporation. |
Significant Employees
Other than as described above, we do not expect any other individuals to make a significant contribution to our business.
Legal Proceedings
To the knowledge of our company, during the past ten years, none of our directors or executive officer:
(1) | has filed a petition under the federal bankruptcy laws or any state insolvency law, nor had a receiver, fiscal agent or similar officer appointed by the court for the business or property of such person, or any partnership in which he was a general partner at or within two years before the time of such filings; |
(2) | was convicted in a criminal proceeding or named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses); |
(3) | was the subject of any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining him from or otherwise limiting, the following activities: |
(i) | acting as a futures commission merchant, introducing broker, commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, floor broker, leverage transaction merchant, associated person of any of the foregoing, or as an investment advisor, underwriter, broker or dealer in securities, or as an affiliate person, director or employee of any investment company, or engaging in or continuing any conduct or practice in connection with such activity; or | |
(ii) | engaging in any type of business practice; or | |
(iii) | engaging in any activities in connection with the purchase or sale of any security or commodity or in connection with any violation of federal or state securities laws or federal commodities laws; |
(4) | was the subject of any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended, or vacated, of any federal or state authority barring, suspending or otherwise limiting for more than 60 days the right of such person to engage in any activity described above under this Item, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activities; |
(5) | was found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC to have violated any federal or state securities law, and the judgment in such civil action or finding by the SEC has not been subsequently reversed, suspended, or vacated; |
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(6) | was found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated any federal commodities law, and the judgment in such civil action or finding by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission has not been subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated; |
(7) | was the subject of, or a party to, any Federal or State judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, relating to an alleged violation of: |
(i) | Any Federal or State securities or commodities law or regulation; or | |
(ii) | Any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order; or | |
(iii) | Any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; |
(8) | was the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(26))), any registered entity (as defined in section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1(a)(29))), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member. |
Except as set forth in our discussion below in “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence – Transactions with Related Persons”, none of our directors, director nominees or executive officers has been involved in any transactions with us or any of our directors, executive officers, affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Audit Committee
We do not currently have an audit committee or a committee performing similar functions. The Board of Directors as a whole participates in the review of financial statements and disclosure.
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships among our officers, directors, or persons nominated for such positions.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our officers, directors and employees.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
We have no standard arrangement to compensate our director or officers for their services in their respective capacity as directors or officers. The director and officers are not paid for meetings attended. All travel and lodging expenses associated with corporate matters are reimbursed by us, if and when incurred. Currently, the directors receive and have received no funds or other cash considerations.
Employment Agreements
Under an April 1, 2020 Executive Employment Agreement, amended December 2, 2020, we retained the services of Mr. James Jenkins, our CEO and Director, by and through C2C Business Strategies, LLC (formerly Irvine America MB Management, LLC) (“C2C”). The amended employment agreement calls for monthly payments to C2C for Mr. Jenkins services as follows: $7,500 through December 31, 2020; $10,000 commencing January 1, 2021; and $12,000 commencing April 1, 2021 and thereafter. In addition, Mr. Jenkins will be provided with business expense reimbursements and employee benefits, if and when offered. No employee benefits are offered at this time.
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Equity Compensation Plans, Stock Options, Bonus Plans
No such plans or options exist. None have been approved or are anticipated. No Compensation Committee exists either.
Compensation of Directors
We have no formal plan for compensating our directors for their services in the future in their capacity as directors, although such directors are expected in the future to receive options to purchase shares of our common stock as awarded by our Board of Directors or by any compensation committee that may be established.
Pension, Retirement or Similar Benefit Plans
There are no arrangements or plans in which we provide pension, retirement or similar benefits to our directors or executive officers. We have no material bonus or profit-sharing plans pursuant to which cash or non-cash compensation is or may be paid to our directors or executive officers, except that stock options may be granted at the discretion of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof.
Compensation Committee
We do not currently have a compensation committee of the Board of Directors or a committee performing similar functions. The Board of Directors as a whole participates in the consideration of executive officer and director compensation.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of June 29, 2021 by the following persons:
● | each person who is known to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent (5%) of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock; |
● | each of our directors and executive officers; and |
● | all of our directors and executive officers as a group. |
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Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. The number of shares and the percentage beneficially owned by each individual listed below include shares that are subject to options held by that individual that are immediately exercisable or exercisable within 60 days from June 29, 2021, and the number of shares and the percentage beneficially owned by all officers and directors as a group includes shares subject to options held by all officers and directors as a group that are immediately exercisable or exercisable within 60 days from June 29, 2021.
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner (1) | Outstanding Shares Beneficially Owned | Fully Common Shares Beneficially Owned | Percentage
of Shares of Common | Percentage of Fully Shares of Common | ||||||||||||
James E. Jenkins, President and Director (3) | 20,000 | 37,520,000 | 0.06 | % | 52.20 | % | ||||||||||
Roy Y Salisbury, Director (3) | 15,484 | 15,484 | 0.05 | % | 0.02 | % | ||||||||||
Wayne Yamamoto, Director (3) | 15,484 | 15,484 | 0.05 | % | 0.02 | % | ||||||||||
All Directors and Officers as a Group | 50,968 | 37,550,968 | 0.15 | % | 52.24 | % | ||||||||||
Beneficial Shareholders of Common Stock greater than 5% | ||||||||||||||||
Fletes Y Transportes Fatyal, S.A. DE CV (4) | 3,316,000 | 3,316,000 | 9.65 | % | 4.61 | % | ||||||||||
Greenberg Ventures SAPI DE CV (5) | 3,316,000 | 3,316,000 | 9.65 | % | 4.61 | % | ||||||||||
Bulat Umbetovich Kulchimbayev (6) | 4,000,000 | 4,000,000 | 11.64 | % | 5.57 | % | ||||||||||
Mattkelly, S.A. DE CV (7) | 2,916,067 | 2,916,067 | 8.48 | % | 4.06 | % | ||||||||||
Daria Petrova (8) | 3,450,000 | 3,450,000 | 10.04 | % | 4.80 | % | ||||||||||
Smith Corona, S.A. DE CV (9) | 3,316,000 | 3,316,000 | 9.65 | % | 4.61 | % |
(1) | Unless otherwise stated, the address is 850 Teague Trail, #580, Lady Lake, FL 32159. |
(2) | Percentage of Outstanding Shares of Common Stock is based on 34,376,758 common shares issued and outstanding as of June 29, 2021. Percentage of Fully Diluted Shares of Common Stock is based on 71,876,758 common shares (34,376,758 common shares issued and outstanding and 2,500,000 preferred shares issued and outstanding which are convertible into 37,500,000 common shares) as of June 29, 2021. |
(3) | James E. Jenkins is current President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, Treasurer and Chairman of the Board. Mr. Jenkins’s beneficial ownership includes 20,000 shares of common stock directly owned and 37,500,000 shares issuable upon the conversion of preferred stock. Mr. Salisbury is an indirect beneficiary of 15,484 shares of common stock owned by C2C Business Strategies, LLC. Mr. Yamamoto is an indirect beneficiary of 15,484 shares of common stock owned by Panacea Management Group, LLC. |
(4) | Fletes y Transportes Fatyal, S.A DE CV is a Mexican corporation having an address at Poniente 126 No. 417, Int 4, Nuevo Vallejo, Mexico City, Mexico. |
(5) | Greenberg Ventures SAPI DE CV is a Mexican corporation having an address at AV Paseo De Lasaplmas 340, Piso 1, Col. Lomas de Chapultepec, Mexico City, Mexico. |
(6) | Bulat Umbetovich Kulchimbayev is a Kazakhstan national having an address at 47 Marshaka Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Mr. Kulchimbayev is recently deceased. |
(7) | Mattkelly, S.A. DE CV is a Mexican corporation having an address at Cerrada Maxtla 165 Fracc, Valle del Maquez, Hermosillo, Mexico. |
(8) | Daria Petrova is a Russian national having an address at Quarter 7, 5B, 9/5, Lytkarino, Moscow Region, Russia. |
(9) | Smith Corona, S.A. DE CV is a Mexican corporation having an address at Av. Retorno 103 14B, Col. Modelo, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. |
We have no knowledge of any arrangements, including any pledge by any person of our securities, the future operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in our control.
We are not, to the best of our knowledge, directly or indirectly owned or controlled by another corporation or foreign government.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions Relationships
Our executive officers are not related.
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Transactions with related persons, promoters and certain control persons
To this date, and aside from the transactions discussed in Note 6 to the accompanying financial statements, there have been no agreements or transactions with the director/officers, nominees for election as directors, any principal security holders, or any relative or spouse of such named persons. There have been no transactions, or proposed transactions, which have materially affected or will materially affect us in which any director, executive officer, or beneficial holder of more than 10% of the outstanding common stock, or any of their respective relatives, spouses, associates or affiliates has had or will have any direct or material indirect interest.
Corporate Governance
Director Independence
We do not have a standing audit, compensation, or nominating committee, but our entire Board of Directors acts in such capacities. We believe that our Board of Directors is capable of analyzing and evaluating our financial statements and understanding internal controls and procedures for financial reporting. The Board of Directors of our company does not believe that it is necessary to have a standing audit, compensation or nominating committee because we believe that the functions of such committees can be adequately performed by the Board of Directors. Additionally, we believe that retaining an independent director who would qualify as an “audit committee financial expert” would be overly costly and burdensome and is not warranted in our circumstances given the early stages of our development.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
As reported in our Form 8-K filing dated November 9, 2020, our independent auditors, Sadler, Gibb & Associates, LLC (“SGA”), made the decision to resign effective November 5, 2020. There have been no disagreements with the former accountants on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreement, if not resolved to the satisfaction of SGA, would have caused them to make reference thereto in their report on the financial statements.
Effective November 6, 2020, TAAD, LLP (“TAAD”) were appointed as our independent auditors. During our two most recent fiscal years and the subsequent interim periods preceding their appointment as independent accountants, neither our Company nor anyone on our behalf consulted TAAD regarding either the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on our financial statements, nor has TAAD provided us a written report or oral advice regarding such principles or audit opinion.
For the years ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, total audit fees were $31,000 and $14,000, respectively. We made no other payments to our auditors.
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
1. Financial Statement Schedules
Schedules for which provision is made in the applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission have been omitted because the information is disclosed in the Financial Statements or because such schedules are not required or not applicable.
2. Exhibits
(1) | Previously filed in Amendment to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (file no. 333-197542) |
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Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on June 29, 2021.
Palayan Resources Inc. | ||
By /s/ James Jenkins | ||
James Jenkins, President |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dated indicated.
/s/ James Jenkins | President (Principal Executive | July 12, 2021 | |
James Jenkins | Officer) and Director | ||
/s/ James Jenkins | Secretary and Treasurer (Principal | July 12, 2021 | |
James Jenkins | Accounting and Financial Officer) |
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