Paysign, Inc. - Annual Report: 2022 (Form 10-K)

Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022

☐ TRANSITION PURSUANT TO UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________ to ________

Commission File Number 001-38623

PAYSIGN, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

2615 St. Rose Parkway, Henderson, Nevada 89052

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (702) 453-2221

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐  No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐  No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262 (b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: $48,247,104 based upon a market price of $1.52 per share.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 52,464,932 as of March 17, 2023.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the registrant's fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains "forward-looking statements." These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about our business and our industry. Words such as "believe," "anticipate," "expect," "intend," "plan," “propose,” "may," and other similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections, estimates, forecasts, or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date hereof. You should refer to and carefully review the information in future documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS.

Overview

Paysign, Inc. (the “Company,” “Paysign,” “we” or “our”), headquartered in Nevada, was incorporated on August 24, 1995, and trades under the symbol PAYS on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. Paysign is a vertically integrated provider of prepaid card products and processing services for corporate, consumer and government applications. Our payment solutions are utilized by our corporate customers as a means to increase customer loyalty, increase patient adherence rates, reduce administration costs and streamline operations. Public sector organizations can utilize our payment solutions to disburse public benefits or for internal payments. We market our prepaid card solutions under our Paysign® brand. As we are a payment processor and prepaid card program manager, we derive our revenue from all stages of the prepaid card lifecycle.

We provide a card processing platform consisting of proprietary systems and software applications based on the unique needs of our clients. We have extended our processing business capabilities through our proprietary Paysign platform. Through the Paysign platform, we provide a variety of services including transaction processing, cardholder enrollment, value loading, cardholder account management, reporting, and customer service. The Paysign platform was built on modern cross-platform architecture and designed to be highly flexible, scalable and customizable. The platform’s flexibility and ease of customization has allowed us to expand our operational capabilities by facilitating our entry into new markets within the payments space. The Paysign platform delivers cost benefits and revenue building opportunities to our partners.

We have developed prepaid card programs for corporate incentive and rewards including, but not limited to, consumer rebates and rewards, donor compensation, clinical trials, healthcare reimbursement payments and pharmaceutical payment assistance. We have expanded our product offerings to include additional corporate incentive products and demand deposit accounts accessible with a debit card. In 2022, we also expanded our product offerings into payroll cards, retail disbursement cards and gift card distribution. In the future, we expect to further expand our product offerings into other prepaid card offerings such as travel cards and expense reimbursement cards. Our cards are sponsored by our issuing bank partners.

Our revenues include fees generated from cardholder fees, interchange, card program management fees, transaction claims processing fees, and settlement income. Revenue from cardholder fees, interchange, card program management fees, and transaction claims processing fees is recorded when the performance obligation is fulfilled. Settlement income is recorded at the expiration of the card program.

What Are Prepaid Cards?

A prepaid card is a payment product that is pre-funded and not directly linked to an individual bank account. Prepaid cards are unlike debit cards that are attached to a personal or business checking account and draw funds from that linked account or a credit card that draws funds from a line of credit.

Prepaid cards can either be open-loop, closed-loop, or restricted-loop. Open-loop, or network-branded, prepaid cards carry an acceptance mark of a national or international payment network such as Visa, Interlink, Plus, MasterCard, Maestro, Cirrus, Discover or Pulse and can be used anywhere that card brand is accepted. Closed-loop prepaid cards can only be used at a specific merchant whose name is typically branded on the card and are most likely not network branded. Restricted-loop prepaid cards may carry a network brand and can be used only at a specific group of non-affiliated merchant locations such as a shopping mall or a specific merchant category.

Open-loop, and some restricted-loop, prepaid cards are issued by a financial institution under a license of the payment network. Open-loop prepaid cards provide consumers, businesses and governments with the efficiency, security and flexibility of digital payments reducing costs associated with handling cash, checks and other paper-based payment processes, and provides the end user a payment product that is accessible and with global utility, convenient, safer than cash, can be used as a budgeting tool and contains protections against fraud and theft.

The prepaid market continues to experience significant growth due to consumers, corporations and governments embracing improved technology, greater convenience, more product choices and greater flexibility. Prepaid cards have also proven to be an attractive alternative to traditional bank accounts for certain segments of the population, particularly those without, or who could not qualify for, a checking or savings account.

The Mercator Advisory Group’s 2023 Prepaid Card Data Book, shows that “Open-loop growth appears to be more moderate when we look at 2020–2026, but this projection considers the impact of temporary unemployment surges in 2020, which proved to be an outlier.” Mercator forecasts open-loop prepaid card loads will have a compound annual growth rate of 5.0% from 2021 to 2026, when total loads are expected to reach $728 billion.

Consumers, both banked and unbanked, use prepaid cards such as general purpose reloadable (“GPR”) cards, to conduct their day-to-day financial transactions such as paying bills, depositing checks, and receiving direct deposits. According to the 2021 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households, 6.9 percent of all households were using general purpose reloadable prepaid cards in 2021. Use of prepaid cards was much higher among unbanked households (32.8 percent) than among banked households (5.7 percent). Unbanked households, an estimated 4.5 percent of U.S. households, were twice as likely to use prepaid cards or nonbank online payment services to conduct four or more types of transactions compared with banked households.

Common Examples of Prepaid Cards

The prepaid card market is divided into three macro categories based on who funds the card account. These categories are consumer-funded, corporate-funded and government-funded.

Consumer-Funded Programs: The consumer prepaid category consists of products such as GPR cards, gift cards, travel money cards, and remittance/peer-to-peer (“P2P”) cards.

General Purpose Reloadable Cards: A type of prepaid card typically purchased by a consumer for his/her personal use to pay for purchases, pay bills and/or access cash at ATMs. GPR cards may be purchased online and in retail locations from a variety of providers. Funds may be loaded onto the card by direct deposit of wages or benefits or at retail locations offering prepaid card reload services.

Gift Cards: A non-reloadable prepaid card that is purchased by a gift giver to be given to a gift recipient.

Corporate-Funded Programs: The corporate prepaid category consists of products such as employee/partner incentives, consumer incentives, payroll, employee benefits, healthcare, corporate expense and business travel, insurance claim disbursement, etc.

Government-Funded Programs: The government prepaid category consists of products such as Social Security benefits, veterans’ benefits, disability benefits, pensions, unemployment benefits, worker’s compensation, emergency disaster relief, and child support disbursements.

Our Products and Services

As a payment processor and prepaid card program manager, our payment solutions are utilized by our customers as a means to increase customer loyalty, increase brand recognition, reward customers, agents and employees while reducing administration costs and streamlining operations. We manage all aspects of the prepaid card lifecycle, from managing the card design and approval processes with partners and networks, to production, packaging, distribution, and personalization. We also oversee inventory and security controls, renewals, lost and stolen card management, and replacement. We deploy a fully staffed, in-house customer service department which utilizes bilingual customer service representatives, interactive voice response (“IVR”), and two-way short message service (“SMS”) messaging and text alerts. As we do not have our own banking license to issue open-loop prepaid cards, our cards are offered to end users through our relationships with bank issuers.

As an end-to-end payment processor and prepaid card program manager, we derive our revenue from all stages of the card lifecycle. These revenues can include fees from program set-up; customization and development; data processing and report generation; card production and fulfillment; transaction fees derived from card usage; inactivity fees; card replacement fees; program administration fees; and settlement income.

To date, we have issued millions of prepaid cards under programs implemented for Fortune 500 companies, multinationals, as well as top pharmaceutical manufacturers, universities and social media companies.

As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately 5.3 million cardholders participating in approximately 550 card programs.

In our early years of operations, we focused mainly on providing co-pay assistance prepaid cards to the pharmaceutical industry. In 2011, we began marketing a corporate incentive prepaid card-based payment solution targeting the plasma donation industry. More recently, having built the necessary infrastructure and added essential staff, we have increased our focus and sales efforts on disbursement programs, corporate incentive and expense card programs, as well as retargeting the pharmaceutical industry with co-pay assistance, buy and bill and other prepaid programs designed to maximize patient enrollment, adherence and retention.

The Paysign^® Brand

In order to leverage the capabilities of the Paysign platform and successfully expand our product offerings, we established the Paysign brand of prepaid cards and solutions. The Paysign brand encompasses all of our current and future prepaid product offerings, including but not limited to, corporate incentives, healthcare related payment solutions for clinical trials, donations and co-pay assistance, payroll, disbursement payments, corporate expense cards and solutions designed for the public sector as well as general purpose reloadable prepaid cards and prepaid gift cards. Paysign is a registered trademark of the Company in the United States and other countries.

Corporate Incentives

Our Paysign corporate incentive cards offer businesses a practical and contemporary way to reward and motivate existing and potential customers, employees, donors, patients, clinical trial participants, sales professionals, agents and distributors. We develop incentive card programs, either traditional plastic or virtual, that our customers use for a wide variety of applications, including but not limited to: consumer rebates for large purchases or frequent buyers; trade incentives for third party distributors; new product launches and commission based sales incentives; consumer promotions such as automobile test drives; purchase incentives; loyalty rewards; compensation for the time and effort of donating; pharmaceutical payment assistance; referral programs; event giveaways; and purchase incentives. The Paysign solution can be integrated into existing payment management systems or act as a stand-alone solution. All Paysign cards are accepted anywhere Visa, Interlink, Plus, MasterCard, Maestro, Cirrus, Discover and Pulse are accepted depending on the brands used on the card.

Key benefits of our corporate incentive cards are:

Per Diem/ Corporate Expense Payments

Per Diem, Corporate Expense and Business Travel Cards are reloadable prepaid card that allows businesses, non–profits and government agencies the ability to control employee spending while reducing administration costs by eliminating the need for traditional expense reports. We are currently focusing on marketing these card products to large corporations.

Pharmaceutical Market

Our Paysign solutions for the pharmaceutical industry are a specialized, adjudicated solution that pays all or a portion of a patient’s out-of-pocket costs associated with a prescription drug purchase. Funds are provided by the sponsoring pharmaceutical company for use at retail pharmacies, specialty pharmacies, hospitals, doctors’ offices and clinics nationwide.

Our pharmaceutical solutions provide payment claims processing and other administrative services for clients according to client benefit plan designs. Our offerings also allow clients to directly manage more of their pharmacy benefits and include pharmacy claims adjudication, network and payment administration, client call center service and support, reporting, rebate management, as well as implementation, training and account management.

Patient Affordability Products and Services

Paysign provides targeted products and services designed to address financial barriers related to patients starting and remaining on brand name and biosimilar drug therapies. Our products are specifically designed to work within the established workflow of the specific healthcare provider. These products can be used to cover all or a portion of the patient’s financial responsibility. We continue to build out additional products as industry concerns continue to emerge presenting new business opportunities. A critical component of all patient affordability products is the ability of a pharmaceutical manufacturer to access and visualize data related to the performance of their affordability program, patient and prescriber behavior, and overall brand growth on a commercially insured patient basis. To provide these insights, Paysign has data scientist and a team of analytic professionals dedicated to these products and clients.

Pharmacy Based Voucher and Copay Affordability Programs: Voucher and Copay programs have become an industry standard offering for pharmaceutical brands entering a market or seeking to increase market share. These products are processed via the pharmacy transactional systems in accordance with established standards. These products are the most common form of affordability programs and exist for almost every retail and specialty-based branded pharmaceutical drug. Pharmacies process claims to one of Paysign’s chosen processors who grow and maintain their own individual contractual networks. Claims may be submitted in the primary or secondary payor position where our processor will adjudicate the claim in accordance with business rules defined by each client.

Medical Claims Based Affordability Programs: These programs are similar to pharmacy-based products but utilize internal networks developed and maintained by Paysign. We are a direct processor of these claims and conduct adjudication on an internal proprietary platform specifically designed to address the needs of our clients and their unique business rules. Payments for processed claims are made directly to a healthcare provider using our virtual debit card products. We differentiate ourselves with this specific product by offering accelerated adjudication and payments relative to our competition. This results in providers having a stronger willingness to utilize our products versus our competitors.

Debit Based Affordability Programs: We continue to utilize physical and virtual debit cards to address highly specific industry concerns related to patient affordability. These issues include utilization of debit-based products to combat copay accumulators and maximizers, currently one of the largest threats in the marketplace for pharmaceutical manufacturers.

Source Plasma Donor Payments

Plasma derived therapies are lifesaving treatments used to treat various rare conditions. Plasma based therapies are manufactured using human plasma, which is the yellow liquid portion of whole blood that can be easily replaced by the body. Plasma makes up approximately 55% of whole blood and consists primarily of water and proteins. Source plasma is the plasma collected from individual donors that serves as the raw material for the further manufacture into these life saving therapies. Historically, source plasma donation centers compensated their donors with cash or check. Over the past several years, plasma donation centers have migrated to a prepaid card solution for donor payments.

The Company offers a comprehensive customized payment solution for source plasma collection centers under the Paysign brand. The solution consists of the Paysign Plasma Donor Compensation Prepaid Card, the Paysign Partner Portal for administrators, and the Paysign Kiosk. The Company’s Plasma solution also provides cardholders with a point-of-sale cash back rewards program, a pharmacy prescription discount card and a digital bank account which are all used to assist our Pharma clients in their efforts to maximize the donor experience. The solution offers customized reporting and provides a level of business analytics previously unavailable. The solution can be utilized either as a stand-alone web-based solution or integrated with existing donor management systems, giving plasma donation centers an increased level of flexibility. The Company entered the market in late 2011 and has seen significant growth in this market segment. Currently, the Company services approximately 40% of the plasma collection centers in the United States.

DDA Debit Cards—Paysign Premier

Recently, providers of GPR card products, in response to changes in the regulatory environment, have introduced new products similar to a GPR card but that act as true demand deposit accounts accessible with a debit card (“DDA Debit Card”). These DDA Debit Cards offer many of the features and functionalities of a traditional debit card associated with a standard bank account, including overdraft protection. The Company began marketing its DDA Debit Card, branded Paysign Premier Digital Bank Account, in the third quarter of 2019. The Company markets this product to a targeted portion of its existing cardholder base through existing communication points and to customers and employees of new clients.

Other Services

Customer Service Center

In order to provide a full range of services to our customers, we offer a fully staffed, in-house Customer Service Center which is operational 24 hours a day, 7 days per week consisting of live bilingual customer care representatives. The Paysign platform provides IVR, SMS alerts and two-way SMS messaging, allowing cardholders to set alerts and check their balances and transaction history without the assistance of a live customer service operator. We believe our in-house customer service center provides the highest quality customer service experience for our clients as training is performed on-site by Paysign staff.

The Paysign Communications Suite

To help maximize the cardholder experience, cardholders can access their card balances and transaction history, as well as other information as dictated by the program, such as an ATM locator, a loyalty point counter, and geo-specific messaging through a number of touchpoints such as the Paysign kiosk, the Paysign Mobile App, two-way SMS, text alerts and the Paysign cardholder web portal.

Technology

Our technology platform employs a standard enterprise services bus in a service-oriented architecture, configured for 24/7/365 transaction processing and operations. We utilize two secure, interconnected, environmentally-controlled data centers, with emergency power generation capabilities, and fully redundant capabilities. We use a variety of proprietary and licensed standards-based technologies to implement our platforms, including those which provide for orchestration, interoperability and process control. The platforms also integrate a data infrastructure to support both transaction processing and data warehousing for operational support and data analytics.

Competition

The markets for financial products and services, including prepaid cards and services related thereto, are intensely competitive. We compete with a variety of companies in our markets and our competitors vary in size, scope and breadth of products and services offered. Certain segments of the financial services and healthcare industries tend to be highly fragmented, with numerous companies competing for market share. Highly fragmented segments currently include financial account processing, customer relationship management solutions, electronic funds transfer and prepaid solutions.

Many of our existing and potential competitors have longer operating histories, greater financial strength and more recognized brands in the industry. These competitors may be able to attract customers more easily because of their financial resources and awareness in the market. Our larger competitors can also devote substantially more resources to business development and may adopt more aggressive pricing policies. To compete with these companies, we rely primarily on direct marketing strategies including strategic marketing partners.

Sales and Marketing

We market our Paysign payment solutions through direct marketing by the Company’s sales team. Our primary market focus is on companies and municipalities that require a streamlined payment solution for rewards, rebates, payment assistance, and other payments to their customers, employees, agents and others. To reach these markets, we focus our sales efforts on direct contact with our target market and attendance at various industry specific conferences. We may, at times, utilize independent contractors who make direct sales and are paid on a commission basis only.

We market our Paysign Premier product through existing communication channels to a targeted segment of our existing cardholders, as well as to a broad group of individuals, ranging from non-banked to fully banked consumers with a focus on long term users of our product.

Markets and Major Customers

We have no major customers and are not reliant on any individual card program. We manage multiple programs at any given time. As of December 31, 2022, we managed approximately 550 card programs with approximately 5.3 million participating cardholders.

Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company

Paysign qualifies as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to public companies. These provisions include, but are not limited to:

We have elected to take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in future filings. As a result, the information that we provide to our stockholders may be different from what you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests.

In addition, under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this exemption and, as a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of issuers who are required to comply with the effective dates for new or revised accounting standards that are applicable to public companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that we can elect to opt out of the extended transition period at any time, which election is irrevocable.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest to occur of: (i) the last day of the first fiscal year in which our annual gross revenues exceed $1.235 billion; (ii) the last day of 2024; (iii) the date that we become a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (referred to as the Exchange Act), which would occur if the market value of our common equity held by non-affiliates exceeds $700.0 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter; or (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities during any three-year period.

Regulations

Introduction

We operate in a highly regulated environment and are subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination. Applicable laws and regulations may change, and there is no assurance that such changes will not adversely affect our business. Regulatory authorities have extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities, including but not limited to the imposition of restrictions on the operation of financial institutions we may work with. Any change in such regulation and oversight, whether in the form of restrictions on activities, regulatory policy, regulations, or legislation, including but not limited to changes in the regulations governing banks, could have a material impact on our operations.

Our products and services are generally subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations, including:

These laws are often evolving and sometimes ambiguous or inconsistent, and the extent to which they apply to us or the banks that issue our cards, our clients or our third-party service providers is at times unclear. Any failure to comply with applicable law — either by us or by the card issuing banks, our client or our third-party service providers, over which we have limited legal and practical control — could result in restrictions on our ability to provide our products and services, as well as the imposition of civil fines and criminal penalties and the suspension or revocation of a license or registration required to sell our products and services. See "Risk Factors" for additional discussion regarding the potential impacts of changes in laws and regulations to which we are subject and failure to comply with existing or future laws and regulations.

We continually monitor and enhance our compliance program to stay current with the most recent legal and regulatory changes. We also continue to implement policies and programs and to adapt our business practices and strategies to help us comply with current legal standards, as well as with new and changing legal requirements affecting particular services or the conduct of our business generally.

Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Bribery Laws

Our products and services are generally subject to federal anti-money laundering laws, including the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by the USA PATRIOT Act, and similar state laws. On an ongoing basis, these laws require us, among other things, to:

Anti-money laundering regulations are constantly evolving. We continuously monitor our compliance with anti-money laundering regulations and implement policies and procedures to make our business practices flexible, so we can comply with the most current legal requirements. We cannot predict how these future regulations might affect us. Complying with future regulation could be expensive or require us to change the way we operate our business.

Money Transfer and Payment Instrument Licensing Regulations

We are not currently subject to money transfer and payment instrument licensing regulations; however, we have plans to introduce products in the future that would be subject to such regulations. Currently, we believe that 39 U.S. jurisdictions would require us to obtain a license to operate a money transfer business. As a licensee, we would be subject to certain restrictions and requirements, including reporting, net worth and surety bonding requirements and requirements for regulatory approval of controlling stockholders, agent locations and consumer forms and disclosures. We would also be subject to inspection by the regulators in the jurisdictions in which we are licensed, many of which conduct regular examinations. In addition, we would be required to maintain "permissible investments" in an amount equivalent to all "outstanding payment obligations."

Escheatment Laws

Unclaimed property laws of every U.S. state require that certain information be tracked on card programs. If customer funds are unclaimed at the end of an applicable statutory abandonment period, the proceeds of the unclaimed property must be remitted to the appropriate state. Analysis of facts and circumstances of each card program under state unclaimed property laws determines whether funds under such programs are escheatable.

Privacy and Data Protection Regulation

In the ordinary course of our business, we or our third-party service providers collect certain types of data, which subjects us to certain privacy and information security laws in the United States, including, for example, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, and other laws or rules designed to regulate consumer information and mitigate identity theft. We are also subject to privacy laws of various states. These state and federal laws impose obligations with respect to the collection, processing, storage, disposal, use and disclosure of personal information, and require that financial institutions have in place policies regarding information privacy and security. In addition, under federal and certain state financial privacy laws, we must provide notice to consumers of our policies and practices for sharing nonpublic information with third parties, provide advance notice of any changes to our policies and, with limited exceptions, give consumers the right to prevent use of their nonpublic personal information and disclosure of it to unaffiliated third parties. Certain state laws may, in some circumstances, require us to notify affected individuals of security breaches of computer databases that contain their personal information. These laws may also require us to notify state law enforcement, regulators or consumer reporting agencies in the event of a data breach, as well as businesses and governmental agencies that own data. In order to comply with the privacy and information safeguard laws, we have confidentiality/information security standards and procedures in place for our business activities and with our third-party vendors and service providers. Privacy and information security laws evolve regularly, requiring us to adjust our compliance program on an ongoing basis and presenting compliance challenges.

Bank Regulations

All of the cards that we service are issued by a state-chartered bank. Thus, we are subject to the oversight of the regulators for, and certain laws applicable to, these card issuing banks. These banking laws require us, as a servicer to the banks that issue our cards, among other things, to undertake compliance actions similar to those described under "Anti-Money Laundering Laws" above and to comply with the privacy regulations promulgated under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act as discussed under "Privacy and Information Safeguard Laws" above.

Consumer Protection Laws

Certain products that we offer are subject to additional state and federal consumer protection laws, including laws prohibiting unfair and deceptive practices, regulating electronic fund transfers and protecting consumer nonpublic information. As such, we have developed appropriate procedures for compliance with these consumer protection laws.

Card Networks

In order to provide our products and services, we, as well as the banks that issue our cards, must be registered with Visa and/or MasterCard, as well as any other networks that we desire to use, such as Interlink, Plus, Maestro, Cirrus, Discover and Pulse, and, as a result, are subject to card association rules that could subject us to a variety of fines or penalties that may be levied by the card association or network for certain acts or omissions. The banks that issue our cards are specifically registered as "members" of the card networks. The card networks set the standards with which we and the card issuing banks must comply.

Environmental Sustainability

Climate-related events, including extreme weather events and natural disasters and their effect on critical infrastructure in the U.S. could have similar adverse effects on our operations, customers or third-party suppliers. Furthermore, our shareholders, customers and other stakeholders have begun to consider how corporations are addressing environmental, social and governance ("ESG") issues. Government regulators, investors, customers and the general public are increasingly focused on ESG practices and disclosures, and views about ESG are diverse and rapidly changing. These shifts in investing priorities may result in adverse effects on the trading price of the Company's common stock if investors determine that the Company has not made sufficient progress on ESG matters. Furthermore, developing and acting on initiatives within the scope of ESG, and collecting, measuring and reporting ESG-related information and metrics can be costly, difficult and time consuming, and are subject to evolving reporting standards and/or contractual obligations. We could also face potential negative ESG-related publicity in traditional media or social media if shareholders or other stakeholders determine that we have not adequately considered or addressed ESG matters. Shareholders are increasingly submitting proposals related to a variety of ESG issues to public companies, and we may receive such proposals in the future. Such proposals may not be in the long-term interests of the Company or our stockholders and may divert management’s attention away from operational matters or create the impression that our practices are inadequate.

False Claims Laws and Other Fraud and Abuse Restrictions

We provide claims processing and other transaction services to pharmaceutical companies that relate to, or directly involve, the reimbursement of pharmaceutical costs covered by Medicare, Medicaid, other federal healthcare programs and private payers. As a result of these aspects of our business, we may be subject to, or contractually required to comply with, state and federal laws that govern various aspects of the submission of healthcare claims for reimbursement and the receipt of payments for healthcare items or services. These laws generally prohibit an individual or entity from knowingly presenting or causing to be presented claims for payment to Medicare, Medicaid or other third-party payers that are false or fraudulent. False or fraudulent claims include, but are not limited to, billing for services not rendered, failing to refund known overpayments, misrepresenting actual services rendered in order to obtain higher reimbursement, improper coding and billing for medically unnecessary goods and services. Many of these laws provide significant civil and criminal penalties for noncompliance and can be enforced by private individuals through “whistleblower” or qui tam actions. To avoid liability, providers and their contractors must, among other things, carefully and accurately code, complete and submit claims for reimbursement.

From time to time, participants in the healthcare industry, including us, may be subject to actions under the federal False Claims Act or other fraud and abuse provisions. We cannot guarantee that state and federal agencies will regard any billing errors we process as inadvertent or will not hold us responsible for any compliance issues related to claims we handle on behalf of providers and payers. Although we believe our editing processes are consistent with applicable reimbursement rules and industry practice, a court, enforcement agency or whistleblower could challenge these practices. We cannot predict the impact of any enforcement actions under the various false claims and fraud and abuse laws applicable to our operations. Even an unsuccessful challenge of our practices could cause adverse publicity and cause us to incur significant legal and related costs.

Privacy and Security Standards under HIPAA or Other Laws.

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 contains privacy regulations and the security regulations that apply to some of our operations. The privacy regulations extensively regulate the use and disclosure of individually identifiable health information by entities subject to HIPAA. For example, the privacy regulations permit parties to use and disclose individually identifiable health information for treatment and to process claims for payment, but other uses and disclosures, such as marketing communications, require written authorization from the individual or must meet an exception specified under the privacy regulations. The privacy regulations also provide patients with rights related to understanding and controlling how their health information is used and disclosed. To the extent permitted by the privacy regulations from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, and our contracts with our customers, we may use and disclose individually identifiable health information to perform our services and for other limited purposes, such as creating de-identified information. Determining whether data has been sufficiently de-identified to comply with the privacy regulations and our contractual obligations may require complex factual and statistical analyses and may be subject to interpretation. The security regulations require certain entities to implement and maintain administrative, physical and technical safeguards to protect the security of individually identifiable health information that is electronically transmitted or electronically stored. We have implemented and maintain policies and processes to assist us in complying with the privacy regulations, the security regulations and our contractual obligations. We cannot provide assurance regarding how these standards will be interpreted, enforced or applied to our operations. If we are unable to properly protect the privacy and security of health information entrusted to us, we could be subject to substantial penalties, damages and injunctive relief.

In addition to HIPAA, numerous other state and federal laws govern the collection, dissemination, use, access to and confidentiality of individually identifiable health information and healthcare provider information. In addition, some states are considering new laws and regulations that further protect the confidentiality, privacy and security of medical records or other types of medical information. In many cases, these state laws are not preempted by the HIPAA privacy regulations and may be subject to interpretation by various courts and other governmental authorities. Further, the U.S. Congress and a number of states have considered or are considering prohibitions or limitations on the disclosure of medical or other information to individuals or entities located outside of the United States.

Patents and Trademarks

We protect our intellectual property rights through a combination of trademark, patent, copyright, and trade secrets laws.

In order to limit access to and disclosure of our intellectual property and proprietary information, all of our employees and consultants have signed confidentiality and we enter into nondisclosure agreements with third parties. We cannot provide assurance that the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights, however, will deter adequately infringement or misappropriation of those rights. Particularly given the international nature of the Internet, the rate of growth of the Internet and the ease of registering new domain names, we may not be able to detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property or proprietary information, or to take enforcement action.

Employees and Independent Contractors

As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately one hundred ten employees and independent contractors.

We have no collective bargaining agreements with our employees, and believe all independent contractor and employment agreement relationships are satisfactory. We hire independent contractors on an as-needed basis, and we may retain additional employees and consultants during the next twelve months, including additional executive management personnel with substantial experience in business development.

Available Information

Our internet address is www.paysign.com. Information on our website does not constitute part of this Annual Report.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the market price of our common stock could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment. All forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf are qualified by the risks described below.

Risks Related to Our Business

We may be unable to grow our business in future periods, and if our revenue growth slows, or our revenues decline further, our business and financial conditions could be adversely affected.

Our growth rates may decline in the future. There can be no assurance that we will be able to grow our business in future periods. In the near term, our growth depends in significant part on our ability, among other things, to enter new markets and to continue to attract new clients, and to retain our current clientele. Our growth also depends on our ability to develop and market other prepaid card products that can utilize the Paysign platform.

As the prepaid financial services industry continues to develop, our competitors may be able to offer products and services that are, or that are perceived to be, substantially similar to or better than ours. This may force us to compete on the basis of price and to expend significant marketing, product development and other resources in order to remain competitive. Even if we are successful at increasing our operating revenues through our various initiatives and strategies, we will experience an inevitable decline in growth rates as our operating revenues increase to higher levels and we may also experience a decline in margins. If our operating revenue growth rates slow materially or decline, our business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We operate in a highly regulated environment, and failure by us or business partners to comply with applicable laws and regulations could have an adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.

We operate in a highly regulated environment, and failure by us or our business partners to comply with the laws and regulations to which we are subject could negatively impact our business. We are subject to a wide range of federal and other state laws and regulations, which are described under "Business – Regulations" above. In particular, our products and services are subject to an increasingly strict set of legal and regulatory requirements intended to protect consumers and to help detect and prevent money laundering, terrorist financing and other illicit activities.

Many of these laws and regulations are evolving, unclear and inconsistent across various jurisdictions, and ensuring compliance with them is difficult and costly. For example, with increasing frequency, federal and state regulators are holding businesses like ours to higher standards of training, monitoring and compliance, including monitoring for possible violations of laws by the businesses that participate in our reload network. Failure by us or those businesses to comply with the laws and regulations to which we are subject could result in fines, penalties or limitations on our ability to conduct our business, or federal or state actions, any of which could significantly harm our reputation with consumers and other network participants, banks that issue our cards and regulators, and could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

Changes in the laws, regulations, credit card association rules or other industry standards affecting our business may impose costly compliance burdens and negatively impact our business.

There may be changes in the laws, regulations, card association rules or other industry standards that affect our operating environment in substantial and unpredictable ways. Changes to statutes, regulations or industry standards, including interpretation and implementation of statutes, regulations or standards, could increase the cost of doing business or affect the competitive balance. For example, more stringent anti-money laundering regulations could require the collection and verification of more information from our customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations. Regulation of the payments industry has increased significantly in recent years. A number of regulations impacting the credit card industry were recently implemented. Additional changes may require us to incur significant expenses to redevelop our products. Also, failure to comply with laws, rules and regulations or standards to which we are subject, including with respect to privacy and data use and security, could result in fines, sanctions or other penalties, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations, as well as damage our reputation.

A data security breach could expose us to liability and protracted and costly litigation, and could adversely affect our reputation and operating results.

We, the banks that issue our cards and our third-party service providers receive, transmit and store confidential customer and other information in connection with our products and services. The encryption software and the other technologies we and our partners use to provide security for storage, processing and transmission of confidential customer and other information may not be effective to protect against data security breaches. The risk of unauthorized circumvention of our security measures has been heightened by advances in computer capabilities and the increasing sophistication of hackers. The banks that issue our cards, our clients and our third-party service providers also may experience similar security breaches involving the receipt, transmission and storage of our confidential customer and other information. Improper access to our or these third parties' systems or databases could result in the theft, publication, deletion or modification of confidential customer and other information.

A data security breach of the systems on which sensitive cardholder data and account information are stored could lead to fraudulent activity involving our products and services, reputational damage and claims or regulatory actions against us. If we are sued in connection with any data security breach, we could be involved in protracted and costly litigation. If unsuccessful in defending that litigation, we might be forced to pay damages and/or change our business practices or pricing structure, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operating revenues and profitability. We would also likely have to pay (or indemnify the banks that issue our cards for) fines, penalties and/or other assessments imposed by card networks as a result of any data security breach. Further, a significant data security breach could lead to additional regulation, which could impose new and costly compliance obligations. In addition, a data security breach at one of the banks that issue our cards or our third-party service providers could result in significant reputational harm to us and cause the use and acceptance of our cards to decline, either of which could have a significant adverse impact on our operating results and future growth prospects.

We may have deficiencies or weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting which could, if not remediated, adversely affect our ability to report our financial condition and results of operations in a timely and accurate manner, decrease investor confidence in our Company, and reduce the value of our common stock.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act and based upon the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Management is also responsible for reporting on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.

Deficiencies or weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting that are not promptly identified and remediated may adversely affect our ability to report our financial condition and results of operations in a timely and accurate manner, decrease investor confidence in our Company, and reduce the value of our common stock. Although we believe we have taken appropriate actions to remediate previously reported control deficiencies that we have identified and to strengthen our internal control over financial reporting, we cannot assure you that we will not discover other deficiencies or weaknesses in the future.

Security and privacy breaches of our electronic transactions may damage customer relations and inhibit our growth.

Any failures in our security and privacy measures could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Certain products we offer require that we store personal information, including birth dates, addresses, bank account numbers, credit card information, social security numbers and merchant account numbers. If we are unable to protect this information, or if consumers perceive that we are unable to protect this information, our business and the growth of the electronic commerce market in general could be materially adversely affected. A security or privacy breach may:

Although management believes that we have utilized proven systems designed for robust data security and integrity in electronic transactions, our use of these applications may be insufficient to address changing technological or market conditions and the security and privacy concerns of existing and potential customers.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, our business, financial condition, profitability, and cash flows have been, and are likely to continue to be, negatively impacted.

The coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, which started in late 2019 and reached the United States in early 2020, continues to impact the economy of the United States and the rest of the world. While the direct disruption appears to have abated due to the availability of vaccines and other factors, the ultimate duration and severity of the pandemic remain uncertain, particularly given the development of new variants that continue to spread, and the economic repercussions are still manifesting themselves. The COVID-19 outbreak caused plasma center closures, and the stimulus packages signed into law during 2020 and 2021 reduced the incentive for individuals to donate plasma for supplementary income. Additionally, labor shortages at plasma donation centers and restrictions preventing Mexican nationals with tourist visas from being compensated for donating plasma, have further impacted donations. Those developments have had an adverse impact on the Company’s historical results of operations. On September 16, 2022, the United States District Court issued a preliminary injunction preventing the United States Customs and Border Protection from continuing to enforce its ban on plasma donations by Mexican nationals. Since then, we have seen an increase in donation activity from Mexican nationals, in our plasma donation centers along the U.S.-Mexico border. Additionally, inflationary pressures for food, gasoline, rent, and other products and services appear to be driving individuals back into the plasma donation centers based upon the increase we experienced in the number of loads per average donation center in the second half of 2022 as compared to all preceding quarters in 2022 and 2021. While we remain cautiously optimistic and have seen improvements in donation activity and our operating results on an aggregated basis, we cannot foresee what potential issues may impact our operating results as new COVID-19 variants continue to evolve. That being said, President Biden recently announced that the COVID-19 national emergency and public health emergency declarations will end on May 11, 2023, as most of the world has returned closer to normalcy. Given the remaining uncertainty around the extent and timing of the potential future spread or mitigation of COVID-19 and variants, management cannot at this time estimate with reasonable accuracy COVID-19’s further impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

The industry in which we compete is highly competitive, which could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

We believe that our existing competitors have longer operating histories, are substantially larger than we are, may already have or could develop substantially greater financial and other resources than we have, may offer, develop or introduce a wider range of programs and services than we offer or may use more effective advertising and marketing strategies than we do to achieve broader brand recognition, customer awareness and retail penetration. We may also face price competition that results in decreases in the purchase and use of our products and services. To stay competitive, we may have to increase the incentives that we offer to our marketing partners and decrease the prices of our products and services, which could adversely affect our operating results.

We rely on relationships with card issuing banks to conduct our business, and our results of operations and financial position could be materially and adversely affected if we fail to maintain these relationships or we maintain them under new terms that are less favorable to us.

Our relationships with various banks is currently, and will be for the foreseeable future, a critical component of our ability to conduct our business and to maintain our revenue and expense structure, because we are currently unable to issue our own cards. If we lose or do not maintain existing banking relationships, we would incur significant switching and other costs and expenses and we and users of our products and services could be significantly affected, creating contingent liabilities for us. As a result, the failure to maintain adequate banking relationships could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our agreement with the bank that issues our cards provide for cost and expense allocations between the parties. Changes in the costs and expenses that we have to bear under these relationships could have a material impact on our operating expenses. In addition, we may be unable to maintain adequate banking relationships or renew our agreements with the banks that currently issue our cards under terms at least as favorable to us as those existing before renewal.

We receive important services from third-party vendors, and replacing them could entail unexpected integration costs.

Some services relating to our business, including network connectivity and gateway services are outsourced to third-party vendors. All of our vendors could be replaced with competitors if our vendor terminated our contract or went out of business. However, in some cases replacing a vendor would entail one-time integration costs to connect our systems to the successor’s systems, and could result in less advantageous contract terms for the same service, which could adversely affect our profitability.

Changes in credit card association or other network rules or standards set by Visa and MasterCard, or changes in card association and debit network fees or products or interchange rates, could adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations.

We and the banks that issue our cards are subject to Visa, Interlink, Plus, MasterCard, Maestro, Cirrus, Discover and Pulse association rules that could subject us to a variety of fines or penalties that may be levied by the card networks for acts or omissions by us or businesses that work with us. The termination of the card association registrations held by us or any of the banks that issue our cards or any changes in card association or other debit network rules or standards, including interpretation and implementation of existing rules or standards, that increase the cost of doing business or limit our ability to provide our products and services could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, from time to time, card networks increase the organization and/or processing fees that they charge, which could increase our operating expenses, reduce our profit margin and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

For example, a portion of our operating revenues is derived from interchange fees (i.e., transaction fees paid by the merchant). The amount of interchange revenues that we earn is highly dependent on the interchange rates that the card networks set and adjust from time to time. Interchange rates for certain products and certain issuing banks declined significantly as a result of the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Bill. If interchange rates decline further, whether due to actions by the card networks or future legislation or regulation, we would likely need to change our fee structure to compensate for lost interchange revenues. To the extent we increase the pricing of our products and services, we might find it more difficult to acquire consumers and to maintain or grow card usage and customer retention. We also might have to discontinue certain products or services. As a result, our operating revenues, operating results, prospects for future growth and overall business could be materially and adversely affected.

We may not be able to successfully manage our intellectual property or may be subject to infringement claims.

In the rapidly developing legal framework, we rely on a combination of contractual rights and copyright, trademark and trade secret laws to establish and protect our proprietary technology. Despite our efforts to protect our intellectual property, third parties may infringe or misappropriate our intellectual property or may develop software or technology competitive to us. Our competitors may independently develop similar technology, duplicate our products or services or design around our intellectual property rights. We may have to litigate to enforce and protect our intellectual property rights, trade secrets and know-how or to determine their scope, validity or enforceability, which is expensive and could cause a diversion of resources and may not prove successful. The loss of intellectual property protection or the inability to secure or enforce intellectual property protection could harm our business and ability to compete.

We may also be subject to costly litigation in the event our products and technology infringe upon another party’s proprietary rights. Third parties may have, or may eventually be issued, patents that would be infringed by our products or technology. Any of these third parties could make a claim of infringement against us with respect to our products or technology. We may also be subject to claims by third parties for breach of copyright, trademark or license usage rights. Any such claims and any resulting litigation could subject us to significant liability for damages. An adverse determination in any litigation of this type could require us to design around a third party’s patent or to license alternative technology from another party. In addition, litigation is time consuming and expensive to defend and could result in the diversion of the time and attention of our management and employees. Any claim from third parties may result in limitations on our ability to use the intellectual property subject to these claims. As of the date of this filing, we had not received any notice or claim of infringement from any party.

The market for electronic commerce services is evolving and may not continue to develop or grow rapidly enough for us to maintain profitability.

If the number of electronic commerce transactions does not continue to grow or if consumers or businesses do not continue as projected to adopt our products and services, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Management believes future growth in the electronic commerce market will be driven by the cost, convenience, ease of use and quality of products and services offered to consumers and businesses. In order to maintain our profitability, consumers and businesses must continue to adopt our products and services.

If we do not respond to rapid technological change or changes in industry standards, our products and services could become obsolete and we could lose our customers.

If competitors introduce new products and services, or if new industry standards and practices emerge, our existing product and service offerings, technology and systems may become obsolete. Further, if we fail to adopt or develop new technologies or to adapt our products and services to emerging industry standards, we may lose current and future customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The electronic commerce industry is changing rapidly. To remain competitive, we must continue to enhance and improve the functionality and features of our products, services and technologies.

Changes in the Bank Secrecy Act and/or the USA PATRIOT Act could impede our ability to circulate cards that can be easily loaded or issued.

Our current compliance program and screening process for the distribution and/or sale of prepaid card products is designed to comply with the Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”) and the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (the “USA PATRIOT Act”). These regulations require financial institutions to obtain and confirm information related to their respective cardholders. If the BSA and/or the USA PATRIOT Act or subsequent legislation increases the level of scrutiny that we must apply to our cardholders and customers, it may be costly or impractical for us to continue to profitably issue and load cards for our customers.

Internal processing errors could result in our failing to appropriately reflect transactions in customer accounts.

In the event of a system failure that goes undetected for a substantial period of time, we could allow transactions on blocked accounts, confirm false authorizations, fail to deduct charges from accounts or fail to detect systematic fraud or abuse. Errors or failures of this nature could adversely impact our operations, our credibility and our financial standing.

Our business is dependent on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of computer network systems and data centers.

Our ability to provide reliable service to our clients and cardholders depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer network systems and data centers as well as those of our third-party service providers. Our business involves movement of large sums of money, processing of large numbers of transactions and management of the data necessary to do both. Our success depends upon the efficient and error-free handling of the money. We rely on the ability of our employees, systems and processes and those of the banks that issue our cards, our third-party service providers to process and facilitate these transactions in an efficient, uninterrupted and error-free manner.

In the event of a breakdown, a catastrophic event (such as fire, natural disaster, power loss, telecommunications failure or physical break-in), a security breach or malicious attack, an improper operation or any other event impacting our systems or processes, or those of our vendors, or an improper action by our employees, agents or third-party vendors, we could suffer financial loss, loss of customers, regulatory sanctions and damage to our reputation. The measures we have taken, including the implementation of disaster recovery plans and redundant computer systems, may not be successful, and we may experience other problems unrelated to system failures. We may also experience software defects, development delays and installation difficulties, any of which could harm our business and reputation and expose us to potential liability and increased operating expenses.

The soundness of other institutions and companies could adversely affect us.

Our ability to engage in loading and purchasing transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and failure of other institutions and companies, our card issuing banks and distributors that carry our prepaid card products. As such, we have exposure to many different industries and counterparties. As a result, defaults by, or even questions or rumors about, one or more of these institutions or companies could lead to losses or defaults by us or other institutions. Losses related to these defaults or failures could materially and adversely affect our results of operations.

Additional equity or debt financing may be dilutive to existing stockholders or impose terms that are unfavorable to us or our existing stockholders.

We may raise capital in order to provide working capital for our expansion into other products and services using our payments platform. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our stockholders will experience dilution. Debt financing, if available, may involve arrangements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. Any debt financing or additional equity that we raise may contain terms, such as liquidation and other preferences that are not favorable to us or our current stockholders. If we raise additional funds through collaboration and licensing arrangements with third parties, it may be necessary to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies and products or grant unfavorable license terms.

We depend on key personnel and could be harmed by the loss of their services because of the limited number of qualified people in our industry.

Because of our small size, we require the continued service and performance of our management team, sales and technology employees, all of whom we consider to be key employees. Competition for highly qualified employees in the financial services and healthcare industry is intense. Our success will depend to a significant degree upon our ability to attract, train, and retain highly skilled directors, officers, management, business, financial, legal, marketing, sales, and technical personnel and upon the continued contributions of such people. In addition, we may not be able to retain our current key employees. The loss of the services of one or more of our key personnel and our failure to attract additional highly qualified personnel could impair our ability to expand our operations and provide service to our customers.

Our future success depends on our ability to attract, develop, incentivize and retain key personnel.

Our future success depends, to a significant extent, on our ability to attract, develop, incentivize and retain key personnel, namely our management team and experienced sales, marketing and program and technology personnel. We must motivate and retain existing personnel and also attract, source, hire, develop and retain highly-qualified employees. We may experience difficulty fully integrating our newly-hired personnel, which may adversely affect our business. Competition for qualified management, sales, marketing and program and technology personnel can be intense. Competitors have in the past and may in the future attempt to recruit our top management and employees. If we fail to attract, integrate, incentivize and retain key personnel, our ability to manage and grow our business could be harmed.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock

Our stock price is volatile and you may not be able to sell your shares at a price higher than what was paid.

The market for our common stock is highly volatile. In 2022, our stock price fluctuated between $1.24 and $3.20. The trading price of our common stock could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to, among other things, quarterly variations in operating and financial results, announcements of technological innovations or new products by our competitors or us, changes in prices of our products and services or our competitors’ products and services, changes in product mix, or changes in our revenue and revenue growth rates.

If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or if they publish negative evaluations of our common stock, the trading price of our common stock could decline.

We expect that the trading price for our common stock will be affected by any research or reports that securities analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of the analysts who may elect to cover us or our business downgrade their evaluations of our common stock, the price of our common stock would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company, we could lose visibility in the market for our common stock, which in turn could cause our stock price to decline.

We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We intend to retain any earnings to finance the operation and expansion of our business, and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. As a result, you will likely receive a return on your investment in our common stock only if the market price of our common stock increases.

Concentration of ownership among our existing directors, executive officers and principal stockholders may prevent new investors from influencing significant corporate decisions.

Our directors, executive officers, and holders of more than 5% of our total shares of common stock outstanding and their respective affiliates, in the aggregate, beneficially own, as of March 17, 2023, approximately 42% of our outstanding common stock. As a result, these stockholders will be able to exercise a controlling influence over matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions, and will have significant influence over our management and policies for the foreseeable future. Some of these persons or entities may have interests that are different from yours. For example, these stockholders may support proposals and actions with which you may disagree or which are not in your interests. The concentration of ownership could delay or prevent a change in control of our company or otherwise discourage a potential acquirer from attempting to obtain control of our company, which in turn could reduce the price of our common stock. In addition, these stockholders, some of which have representatives sitting on our board of directors, could use their voting control to maintain our existing management and directors in office, delay or prevent changes of control of our company, or support or reject other management and board of director proposals that are subject to stockholder approval, such as amendments to our employee stock plans and approvals of significant financing transactions.

Our stock price could decline due to the large number of outstanding shares of our common stock eligible for future sale.

We have 52,464,932 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 17, 2023, assuming no exercise of outstanding options or unvested restricted stock awards. None of the shares of common stock are subject to any lock-up agreements, and all are eligible for sale, subject to registration under the Securities Act and in some cases to volume and other restrictions imposed by Rule 144. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or even the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline. These sales could also make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate.

We incur significant costs as a result of operating as a public company. We may not have sufficient personnel for our financial reporting responsibilities, which may result in the untimely close of our books and records and delays in the preparation of financial statements and related disclosures.

As a registered public company, we have experienced an increase in legal, accounting and other expenses. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), as well as new rules subsequently implemented by the SEC, has imposed various requirements on public companies, including requiring changes in corporate governance practices. Our management and other personnel need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, these rules and regulations have increased our legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly. In addition, two putative class action lawsuits were filed against us, which could require our management to devote significant time to defending. See “Item 3. Legal Proceedings” for additional information.

If we are not able to comply with the requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, or if we or our independent registered public accounting firm identify additional deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, the market price of our stock could decline and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC and other regulatory authorities.

Our operating results may fluctuate in the future, which could cause our stock price to decline.

Our quarterly and annual results of operations may fluctuate in the future as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. If our results of operations fall below the expectations of investors or any securities analysts who follow our common stock, the trading price of our common stock could decline substantially. Fluctuations in our quarterly or annual results of operations may be due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to:

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.

We have an operating lease for office space at 2615 St. Rose Parkway, Henderson, Nevada 89052. The lease will expire in 2030 and allows for two optional extensions of 5 years each. Lease payments are approximately $58,000 per month.

We believe that our properties are adequate and suitable for us to conduct business in the future.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business.

The Company has been named as a defendant in three complaints filed in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada: Yilan Shi v. Paysign, Inc. et. al., filed on March 19, 2020 (“Shi”), Lorna Chase v. Paysign, Inc. et. al., filed on March 25, 2020 (“Chase”), and Smith & Duvall v. Paysign, Inc. et. al., filed on April 2, 2020 (collectively, the “Complaints” or “Securities Class Action”). Smith & Duvall v. Paysign, Inc. et. al. was voluntarily dismissed on May 21, 2020. On May 18, 2020, the Shi plaintiffs and another entity called the Paysign Investor Group each filed a motion to consolidate the remaining Shi and Chase actions and to be appointed lead plaintiff. The Complaints are putative class actions filed on behalf of a class of persons who acquired the Company’s common stock from March 19, 2019 through March 31, 2020, inclusive. The Complaints generally allege that the Company, Mark R. Newcomer, and Mark Attinger violated Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, and that Messrs. Newcomer and Attinger violated Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, by making materially false or misleading statements, or failing to disclose material facts, regarding the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and its financial statements. The Complaints seek class action certification, compensatory damages, and attorney’s fees and costs. On December 2, 2020, the Court consolidated Shi and Chase as In re Paysign, Inc. Securities Litigation and appointed the Paysign Investor Group as lead plaintiff. On January 12, 2021, Plaintiffs filed an Amended Complaint in the consolidated action. Defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss the Amended Complaint on March 15, 2021, which Plaintiffs opposed via an opposition brief filed on April 29, 2021, to which Defendants replied on June 1, 2021. On February 9, 2023, the Court granted in part and denied in part Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss. As of the date of this filing, Paysign cannot give any meaningful estimate of likely outcome or damages.

The Company has also been named as a nominal defendant in two stockholder derivative actions in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada. The first derivative action is entitled Andrzej Toczek, derivatively on behalf of Paysign, Inc. v. Mark R. Newcomer, et al. and was filed on September 17, 2020. This action alleges violations of Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act, breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and waste, largely in connection with the failure to correct information technology controls over financial reporting alleged in the Securities Class Action, thereby causing the Company to face exposure in the Securities Class Action. The complaint also alleges insider trading violations against certain individual defendants. On December 16, 2020, the Court approved a stipulation staying the action until the Court in the consolidated Securities Class Action issues a ruling on the Motion to Dismiss. The second derivative action is entitled John K. Gray, derivatively on behalf of Paysign, Inc. v. Mark Attinger, et al. and was filed on May  9, 2022. This action involves the same alleged conduct raised in the Toczek action and asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty in connection with financial reporting, breach of fiduciary duty in connection with alleged insider trading against certain individual defendants, and unjust enrichment. On June 3, 2022, the Court approved a stipulation staying the action until the Court in the consolidated Securities Class Action issues a ruling on the Motion to Dismiss. The Company anticipates filing motions to dismiss given the ruling on the Motion to Dismiss in the consolidated Securities Class Action. As of the date of this filing, Paysign cannot give any meaningful estimate of likely outcome or damages.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “PAYS”. The following table summarizes the low and high closing prices for our common stock for each of the calendar quarters of 2022 and 2021.

There were approximately 10,907 shareholders of record of the common stock as of December 31, 2022.

The shares were issued pursuant to an exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.

Dividend Policy

We have not declared any cash dividends on our common stock during our fiscal years ended on December 31, 2022 or 2021. Our Board of Directors has made no determination to date to declare cash dividends during the foreseeable future, but is not likely to do so. There are no restrictions on our ability to pay dividends.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

During the quarter ended December 31, 2022, we did not purchase any shares of our common stock.

ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION and RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed below. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and those discussed in “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes forward looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Forward-Looking Statements”). All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this report are Forward-Looking Statements. These Forward-Looking Statements are based on our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about our business and our industry. Words such as "believe," "anticipate," "expect," "intend," "plan," “propose,” "may," and other similar expressions identify Forward-Looking statements. In the normal course of our business, we, in an effort to help keep our shareholders and the public informed about our operations, may from time-to-time issue certain statements, either in writing or orally, that contain, or may contain, Forward-Looking Statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such Forward-Looking Statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to have been correct. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections, estimates, forecasts, or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are Forward-Looking Statements. These Forward-Looking Statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the Forward-Looking Statements. Such important factors (“Important Factors”) and other factors are disclosed in this report, including those factors discussed in “Part II - Item 1A. Risk Factors.” All prior and subsequent written and oral Forward-Looking Statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the Important Factors described below that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations as set forth in any Forward-Looking Statement made by or on behalf of us. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these Forward-Looking Statements, which relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly revise these Forward-Looking Statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date hereof. You should refer to and carefully review the information in future documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Overview

Paysign, Inc. (the “Company,” “Paysign,” “we” or “our”), headquartered in Nevada, was incorporated on August 24, 1995, and trades under the symbol PAYS on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. Paysign is a vertically integrated provider of prepaid card products and processing services for corporate, consumer and government applications. Our payment solutions are utilized by our corporate customers as a means to increase customer loyalty, increase patient adherence rates, reduce administration costs and streamline operations. Public sector organizations can utilize our payment solutions to disburse public benefits or for internal payments. We market our prepaid card solutions under our Paysign® brand. As we are a payment processor and prepaid card program manager, we derive our revenue from all stages of the prepaid card lifecycle.

We provide a card processing platform consisting of proprietary systems and software applications based on the unique needs of our clients. We have extended our processing business capabilities through our proprietary Paysign platform. Through the Paysign platform, we provide a variety of services including transaction processing, cardholder enrollment, value loading, cardholder account management, reporting, and customer service. The Paysign platform was built on modern cross-platform architecture and designed to be highly flexible, scalable and customizable. The platform’s flexibility and ease of customization has allowed us to expand our operational capabilities by facilitating our entry into new markets within the payments space. The Paysign platform delivers cost benefits and revenue building opportunities to our partners.

We have developed prepaid card programs for corporate incentive and rewards including, but not limited to, consumer rebates and rewards, donor compensation, clinical trials, healthcare reimbursement payments and pharmaceutical payment assistance. We have expanded our product offerings to include additional corporate incentive products and demand deposit accounts accessible with a debit card. In the third quarter of 2022 we expanded our prepaid product offering to include payroll cards and in the fourth quarter of 2022 we expanded our prepaid product offering to include retail disbursements and prepaid gift cards. In the future, we expect to further expand our product offerings into other prepaid card offerings such as travel cards and expense reimbursement cards. Our cards are sponsored by our issuing bank partners.

Our revenues include fees generated from cardholder fees, interchange, card program management fees, transaction claims processing fees, and settlement income. Revenue from cardholder fees, interchange, card program management fees, and transaction claims processing fees is recorded when the performance obligation is fulfilled. Settlement income is recorded at the expiration of the card program.

We have two categories for our prepaid debit cards: (1) corporate and consumer reloadable cards, and (2) non-reloadable cards.

Reloadable Cards: These types of cards are generally classified as payroll or considered general purpose reloadable (“GPR”) cards. Payroll cards are issued by an employer to an employee in order to allow the employee to access payroll amounts that are deposited into an account linked to their card. GPR cards can also be issued to a consumer at a retail location or mailed to a consumer after completing an on-line application. GPR cards can be reloaded multiple times with a consumer’s payroll, government benefit, a federal or state tax refund or through cash reload networks located at retail locations. Reloadable cards are generally open-loop cards as described below.

Non-Reloadable Cards: These are generally one-time use cards that are only active until the funds initially loaded to the card are spent. These types of cards are generally used as gift or incentive cards. Normally these types of cards are used for the purchase of goods or services at retail locations and cannot be used to receive cash.

Both reloadable and non-reloadable cards may be open-loop, closed-loop, or restricted-loop. Open-loop cards can be used to receive cash at ATM locations by PIN; or purchase goods or services by PIN or signature at retail locations virtually anywhere that the network brand (American Express, Discover, Mastercard, Visa, etc.) is accepted. Closed-loop cards can only be used at a specific merchant. Restricted-loop cards can be used at several merchants, or a defined group of merchants, such as all merchants at a specific shopping mall.

The prepaid card market in the U.S. has experienced significant growth in recent years due to consumers and merchants embracing improved technology, greater convenience, more product choices and greater flexibility. Prepaid cards have also proven to be an attractive alternative to traditional bank accounts for certain segments of the population, particularly those without, or who could not qualify for, a checking or savings account.

We manage all aspects of the prepaid card lifecycle, from managing the card design and approval processes with partners and networks, to production, packaging, distribution, and personalization. We also oversee inventory and security controls, renewals, lost and stolen card management, and replacement. We deploy a fully staffed, in-house customer service department which utilizes bilingual customer service representatives, Interactive Voice Response, and two-way short message service messaging and text alerts.

Currently, we are focusing our marketing efforts on corporate incentive and expense prepaid card products in various market verticals including but not limited to general corporate expense, healthcare related markets including co-pay assistance, clinical trials and donor compensation, loyalty rewards, and incentive cards.

As part of our continuing platform expansion process, we evaluate current and emerging technologies for applicability to our existing and future software platform. To this end, we engage with various hardware and software vendors in evaluation of various infrastructure components. Where appropriate, we use third-party technology components in the development of our software applications and service offerings. Third-party software may be used for highly specialized business functions, which we may not be able to develop internally within time and budget constraints. Our principal target markets for processing services include prepaid card issuers, retail and private-label issuers, small third-party processors, and small and mid-size financial institutions in the United States and Mexico.

We have devoted more extensive resources to sales and marketing activities as we have added essential personnel to our marketing and sales team. We market our Paysign payment solutions through direct marketing by the Company’s sales team. Our primary market focus is on companies that require a streamlined payment solution for rewards, rebates, payment assistance, and other payments to their customers, employees, agents and others. To reach these markets, we focus our sales efforts on direct contact with our target market and attendance at various industry specific conferences. We may, at times, utilize independent contractors who make direct sales and are paid commissions and/or restricted stock awards. We market our Paysign Premier product through existing communication channels to a targeted segment of our existing cardholders, as well as to a broad group of individuals, ranging from non-banked to fully banked consumers with a focus on long term users of our product.

In 2023, we plan to continue to invest additional funds in technology improvements, sales and marketing, customer service, and regulatory compliance. From time to time, we evaluate raising capital to enable us to diversify into new market verticals. If we do not raise new capital, we believe that we will still be able to expand into new vertical markets using internally generated funds.

2022 Year Milestones

Results of Operations

Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

The following table summarizes our consolidated financial results:

The increase in total revenues of $8,568,818 for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in the prior year consisted of a $8,819,490 increase in Plasma revenue, a reduction of $354,729 in Pharma revenue, and a $104,057 increase in Other revenue. The increase in Plasma revenue was primarily due to an increase in plasma locations, plasma donations and dollars loaded to card as individuals looked for opportunities to supplement their income to combat inflationary pressures on gas, rent, and groceries and Mexican nationals were once again allowed to cross the border to donate plasma. The reduction in Pharma revenue was primarily due to pharma prepaid contracts ending, offset by the growth and launch of new pharma copay programs. Of the $3,007,140 Pharma industry revenue recognized in 2022, Pharma prepaid accounted for $1,526,180 and Pharma copay accounted for $1,480,960. This compares to 2021 Pharma prepaid revenues of $2,749,531 and Pharma copay revenues of $612,338.

Cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $2,326,027 compared to the same period in the prior year. Cost of revenues is comprised of transaction processing fees, data connectivity and data center expenses, network fees, bank fees, card production costs, customer service, program management, application integration setup, and sales and commission expense. Cost of revenues increased primarily due to the increase in our Plasma business as many of the costs associated with this business are variable in nature as they are provided by third-parties who charge us based on the number of transactions that occur during the period. In addition, year over year growth in our Pharma copay business contributed to higher costs as network and commission costs associated with this business are higher than our Pharma prepaid business.

Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $6,242,791 compared to the prior year resulting primarily from the increase in revenue and cost of sales described above. The increase in gross margin to 55.1% versus 49.9% compared to the same period in the prior year resulted from operating leverage in our Plasma business, offset by the mix of products in our Pharma business as we transition from our higher margin prepaid business and related settlement income to our lower margin copay business, and the launch of Other prepaid programs in the month of December 2022 which have yet to have had time to mature.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $2,747,329 or 18.4% compared to the prior year and consisted primarily of an increase in technologies and telecom of $975,000, staffing and compensation of $873,000, travel and entertainment of $170,000, rent and occupancy of $140,000, professional services of $100,000, insurance of $60,000, and other operating expenses of $430,000.

Depreciation and amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $411,694 compared to the prior year. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was primarily due to continued capitalization of new technologies and enhancements to our processing platform and infrastructure.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded income from operations of $344,335 an increase of $3,083,768 from the period ending December 31, 2021, related to the aforementioned factors.

Other income for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $762,620 related to an increase in interest income resulting primarily from higher cash balances and increases in the federal funds rate throughout the year as the Federal Reserve has increased rates to combat inflation.

The effective tax rate was 9.5% and (0.4%) for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The effective tax rates vary, primarily due to state and federal taxes due, offset by the use of net operating losses. The Company continues to have a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2022.

The net profit for the year ended December 31, 2022 increased $3,749,109. The overall change in net income relates to the aforementioned factors.

Key Metrics, Performance Indicators and Non-GAAP Measures

Management reviews a number of metrics to help us monitor the performance of and identify trends affecting our business. We believe the following measures are the primary indicators of our quarterly and annual revenues:

Gross Dollar Volume Loaded on Cards – Represents the total dollar volume of funds loaded to all of our card programs. Our gross dollar volume was $1.595 billion and $1.066 billion for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We use this metric to analyze the total amount of money moving into our card programs.

Conversion Rate on Gross Dollar Volume Loaded on Cards – Represents the percent of total gross dollar load volume onto our card programs that is converted into revenue, gross profit and net profit dollars. Our revenue conversion rate for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were 2.38% or 238 basis points (“bps”), and 2.76% or 276 bps, respectively, of gross dollar volume loaded on cards. Our gross profit conversion rate for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were 1.31% or 131 bps, and 1.38% or 138 bps, respectively, of gross dollar volume loaded on cards. Our net profit conversion rate for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were 0.06% or 6 bps and (0.25%) or (25) bps, respectively, of gross dollar volume loaded on cards. The decline in the revenue conversion rate was primarily attributable to the renewal and restructuring of a referral agreement in Q1 2022. The increase in the gross profit conversion rate was primarily attributable to operating leverage in our Plasma business, offset by the mix of products in our Pharma business as we transition from our higher margin prepaid business and related settlement income to our lower margin copay business, and the launch of Other prepaid programs in the month of December 2022 which have yet to have had time to mature. The increase in the net profit conversion rate was primarily attributable to improving operating results throughout 2022 as well as increased bank balances and interest rates which led to an increase in net interest income.

Management also reviews key performance indicators, such as revenues, gross profits, operational expenses as a percent of revenues, and cardholder participation. In addition, we consider certain non-GAAP (or “adjusted”) measures to be useful to management and investors evaluating our operating performance for the periods presented, and provide a tool for evaluating our ongoing operations, liquidity, and management of assets. This information can assist investors in assessing our financial performance and measures our ability to generate capital for deployment and investment in new card programs. These adjusted metrics are consistent with how management views our business and are used to make financial, operating and planning decisions. These metrics, however, are not measures of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered a substitute for revenues, operating income, net income (loss), earnings (loss) per share (basic and diluted) or net cash from operating activities as determined in accordance with GAAP. We consider the following non-GAAP measures, which may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies, to be key performance indicators:

“EBITDA” is defined as earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense and “Adjusted EBITDA” reflects the adjustment to EBITDA to exclude stock-based compensation expense. A reconciliation of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA is provided in the table below.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table sets forth the major sources and uses of cash for our last two fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

Comparison of Fiscal 2022 and 2021

In fiscal 2022 and 2021, we financed our operations through internally generated funds.

Operating activities provided $25,317,964 of cash in 2022, an increase of $10,089,775 compared to 2021. The increase is primarily due to the increase in net income, depreciation and amortization, and increases in cash flows from changes in operating assets and liabilities. The large year-over-year changes in operating assets and liabilities related to accounts receivable, accounts payable and customer card funding are primarily due to the growth in our Plasma and Pharma programs and the timing of collections and payments of our Pharma programs whereby we collect money from pharmaceutical and HUB service companies and reimburse the pharmacy claims processor, healthcare providers and patients for their out-of-pocket drug costs.

Investing activities used $4,091,683 of cash in 2022, as compared to $2,679,664 of cash in 2021. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in the capitalization of internally developed software relative to the prior year as we continued to invest in new technologies and enhancements to our processing platform and infrastructure to support the growth of new customers and our existing business.

No cash was provided or used by financing activities in 2022. Our cash provided by financing activities for 2021 related entirely to cash received from the exercise of stock options.

Our significant contractual cash requirements also include ongoing payments for lease liabilities. For additional information regarding our cash commitments and contractual obligations, see "Note 5 – LEASE” in the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Liquidity and Sources of Financing

Unrestricted cash increased $2,321,082 to $9,708,238, due to the improvement in our operating results throughout 2022. Restricted cash of $80,189,113 are funds used for customer card funding with a corresponding offset under current liabilities. The increase of $18,905,199 in 2022 versus 2021 was predominately related to increases in funds on card, increased Plasma deposits, and new Plasma and Pharma customers, offset by declines from Pharma customers whose contracts terminated during the year. We experienced large increases in accounts receivable and accounts payable primarily due to the launch of ten new Pharma programs during the year whereby Paysign invoices its customers for reimbursement to pharmacy networks, pharmacies, or individuals for their out-of-pocket costs and remits those funds to cover the accounts payable liability. We believe that our unrestricted cash on hand at December 31, 2022 of $9,708,238, along with anticipated revenues, operating profits and free cash flow anticipated for 2023 and 2024, will be sufficient to sustain our operations for the next twenty-one months.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Our estimates will be based on our experience and our interpretation of economic, political, regulatory, and other factors that affect our business prospects.

Fixed Assets – Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is principally recorded on the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset, which is generally 3 to 10 years. The cost of repairs and maintenance is charged to expense as incurred. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvements. Expenditures for property betterments and renewals are capitalized. Upon sale or other disposition of a depreciable asset, cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in other income (expense).

The Company periodically evaluates whether events and circumstances have occurred that may warrant revision of the estimated useful life of fixed assets or whether the remaining balance of fixed assets should be evaluated for possible impairment. The Company uses an estimate of the related undiscounted cash flows over the remaining life of the fixed assets in measuring their recoverability.

Intangible Assets – For intangible assets, the Company recognizes an impairment loss if the carrying amount of the intangible asset is not recoverable and exceeds fair value. The carrying amount of the intangible asset is considered not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset.

Intangible assets with a finite life are amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, which is generally 3 to 15 years.

Internally Developed Software Costs – Computer software development costs are expensed as incurred, except for internal use software or website development costs that qualify for capitalization as described below, and include compensation and related expenses, costs of hardware and software, and costs incurred in developing features and functionality.

For computer software developed or obtained for internal use, costs that are incurred in the preliminary project and post implementation stages of software development are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application and development stage are capitalized, as the Platform asset. Capitalized costs are amortized using the straight-line method over a three year estimated useful life, beginning in the period in which the software is available for use.

Income Taxes – Income tax expense is comprised of current and deferred income tax expense. Current income tax expense approximates taxes to be paid or refunded for the current period. Deferred income tax expense results from the changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities during the periods. These gross deferred tax assets and liabilities represent decreases or increases in taxes expected to be paid in the future because of future reversals of temporary differences between the basis of assets and liabilities as measured by tax laws and their basis as reported in our consolidated financial statements. We also recognize deferred tax assets for tax attributes such as net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards. We record valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts we conclude are more likely-than-not to be realized in the foreseeable future. While the Company has considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax strategies in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, if these estimates and assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to adjust its valuation allowance.

Income tax benefits are recognized and measured based upon a two-step model: 1) a tax position must be more likely-than-not to be sustained based solely on its technical merits in order to be recognized, and 2) the benefit is measured as the largest dollar amount of that position that is more likely-than-not to be sustained upon settlement. The difference between the benefit recognized for a position and the tax benefit claimed on a tax return is referred to as an unrecognized tax benefit. Income tax related interest and penalties, if applicable, are accrued within income tax expense.

Revenue and Expense Recognition –The Company recognizes revenue when goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In determining when and how revenue is recognized from contracts with customers, the Company performs the following five-step analysis: (i) identification of contracts with customers; (ii) determination of performance obligations; (iii) measurement of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation.

The Company generates revenues from Plasma card programs through fees generated from cardholder fees and interchange fees. Revenues from Pharma card programs are generated through card program management fees, transaction claims processing fees, interchange fees, and settlement income.

Plasma and Pharma card program revenues include both fixed and variable components. Cardholder fees represent an obligation to the cardholder based on a per transaction basis and are recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation is fulfilled. Card program management fees and transaction claims processing fees include an obligation to our card program sponsors and are generally recognized when earned on a monthly basis and are typically due within 30 days pursuant to the contract terms which are generally multi-year contracts. The Company uses the output method to recognize card program management fee revenue at the amount of consideration to which an entity has a right to invoice. The performance obligation is satisfied when the services are transferred to the customer which the Company determined to be monthly, as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit from the Company’s performance. Interchange fees are earned when customer-issued cards are processed through card payment networks as the nature of our promise to the customer is that we stand ready to process transactions at the customer’s requests on a daily basis over the contract term. Since the timing and quantity of transactions to be processed by us are not determinable, we view interchange fees to comprise an obligation to stand ready to process as many transactions as the customer requests. Accordingly, the promise to stand ready is accounted for as a single series performance obligation. The Company uses the right to invoice practical expedient and recognizes interchange fee revenue concurrent with the processing of card transactions. Interchange fees are settled in accordance with the card payment network terms and conditions, which is typically within a few days.

The Company utilizes the remote method of revenue recognition for settlement income whereby the unspent balances will be recognized as revenue at the expiration of the cards and the respective program. The Company records all revenue on a gross basis since it is the primary obligor and establishes the price in the contract arrangement with its customers. The Company is currently under no obligation for refunding any fees, and the Company does not currently have any obligations for disputed claim settlements. Given the nature of the Company’s services and contracts, generally it has no contract assets.

Cost of revenues is comprised of transaction processing fees, data connectivity and data center expenses, network fees, bank fees, card production and postage costs, customer service, program management, application integration setup, and sales and commission expense. 

Operating Leases – The Company determines if a contract is or contains a leasing element at contract inception or the date in which a modification of an existing contract occurs. In order for a contract to be considered a lease, the contract must transfer the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Control is determined to have occurred if the lessee has the right to (i) obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use and (ii) direct the use of the identified asset.

In determining the present value of lease payments at lease commencement date, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available, unless the rate implicit in the lease is readily determinable. The liability for operating leases is based on the present value of future lease payments. Operating lease expenses are recorded as rent expense, which is included within selling, general and administrative expenses within the consolidated statements of operations and presented as operating cash outflows within the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, with lease expense for these leases recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Stock-Based Compensation – The Company recognizes compensation expense for all restricted stock awards and stock options. The fair value of restricted stock awards is measured using the grant date trading price of our stock. The fair value of stock options is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and the portion that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as compensation cost over the requisite service period. We have elected to recognize compensation expense for all options with graded vesting on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the entire option. The determination of fair value using the Black-Scholes pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including expected stock price volatility and the risk-free interest rate.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Because we are a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information called for by this Item.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

The financial statements required by Article 8 of Regulation S-X are attached hereto as Exhibit A.

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.

During the two fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, we did not file any Current Report on Form 8-K reporting any change in accountants in which there was a reported disagreement on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosures or auditing scope or procedure.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting and Remediation Initiatives

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We have evaluated, under the supervision of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer and with the participation of other members of management, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of December 31, 2022. Disclosure controls and procedures means controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that the information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in those reports is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of December 31, 2022. Based on that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of the evaluation date, such controls and procedures were effective.

Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for the assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. As defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission, internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer and implemented by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

As of December 31, 2022, we conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer (our principal executive officer), our chief operating officer and our chief financial officer (also our principal financial and accounting officer) of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Management's assessment included an evaluation of the design of our internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of those controls.

Based upon this assessment, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2022.

This annual report is not required and does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS.

Not applicable.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS and CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the year end December 31, 2022.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the year end December 31, 2022.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the year end December 31, 2022.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the year end December 31, 2022.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES.

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the year end December 31, 2022.

PART IV

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

(1)       All financial statements: Audited financial statements of Paysign, Inc. as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, including balance sheets, statements of income, statements of cash flows, and statements of changes in stockholders’ equity required to be filed hereunder are listed in Exhibit A.

(2)       Those financial statement schedules required to be filed by Item 8 of this form, and by paragraph (b) below: none.

(3)       Those exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K (Section 229.601 of this chapter) and by paragraph (b) below. Identify in the list each management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit to this form pursuant to Item 15(b) of this report.: See below.

* Filed herewith.

ITEM 16. Form 10-k summary

Not applicable.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

EXHIBIT A

PAYSIGN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AS OF AND FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021

WITH AUDIT REPORTS OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of

Paysign, Inc.

Henderson, NV

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Paysign, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The consolidated financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2021, were audited by other auditors whose report dated March 23, 2022, expressed an unqualified opinion on those statements.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Moss Adams LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2022.

Las Vegas, Nevada

March 22, 2023

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Shareholders and Board of Directors

Paysign, Inc.

Henderson, NV

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Paysign, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021, the related consolidated statement of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ BDO USA, LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2020 to 2022.

Las Vegas, Nevada

March 23, 2022

PAYSIGN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

PAYSIGN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

PAYSIGN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

PAYSIGN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

PAYSIGN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.     DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND HISTORY

About Paysign, Inc.

Paysign, Inc. (the “Company,” “Paysign,” “we” or “our”) was incorporated on August 24, 1995, and trades under the symbol PAYS on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. Paysign is a provider of prepaid card programs, comprehensive patient affordability offerings, digital banking services and integrated payment processing designed for businesses, consumers and government institutions. Headquartered in Nevada, the Company creates customized, innovative payment solutions for clients across all industries, including pharmaceutical, healthcare, hospitality and retail.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

The coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, which started in late 2019 and reached the United States in early 2020, continues to significantly impact the economy of the United States and the rest of the world. While the direct disruption appears to have abated due to the availability of vaccines and other factors, the ultimate duration and severity of the pandemic remain uncertain, particularly given the development of new variants that continue to spread, and the economic repercussions are still manifesting themselves. The COVID-19 outbreak caused plasma center closures, and the stimulus packages signed into law during 2020 and 2021 reduced the incentive for individuals to donate plasma for supplementary income. Additionally, labor shortages at plasma donation centers and restrictions preventing Mexican nationals with tourist visas from being compensated for donating plasma, have further impacted donations. Those developments have had an adverse impact on the Company’s historical results of operations. On September 16, 2022, the United States District Court issued a preliminary injunction preventing the United States Customs and Border Protection from continuing to enforce its ban on plasma donations by Mexican nationals. Since then, we have seen an increase in donation activity from Mexican nationals, in our plasma donation centers along the U.S.-Mexico border. Additionally, inflationary pressures for food, gasoline, rent, and other products and services appear to be driving individuals back into the plasma donation centers based upon the increase we experienced in the number of loads per average donation center in the second half of 2022 as compared to all preceding quarters in 2022 and 2021. While we remain cautiously optimistic and have seen improvements in donation activity and our operating results on an aggregated basis, we cannot foresee what potential issues may impact our operating results as new COVID-19 variants continue to evolve. Given the uncertainty around the extent and timing of the potential future spread or mitigation of COVID-19 and variants and around the imposition or relaxation of protective measures, management cannot at this time estimate with reasonable accuracy COVID-19’s further impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

Under the provisions of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) signed into law in 2020 and the subsequent extension of the CARES Act through September 30, 2021, the Company was eligible for a refundable employee retention credit subject to certain criteria. The Company has elected an accounting policy to recognize the government assistance when it is probable that the Company is eligible to receive the assistance and present the credit be as a reduction of the related expense. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded $459,755 and $876,456, respectively, related to the employee retention credit included as a reduction of payroll expense within selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021 the Company has filed for refunds and recorded $1,296,489 and $876,456, respectively in other receivables on the consolidated balance sheet.

2.     SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Year end – The Company’s year-end is December 31.

Use of Estimates – The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and (iii) the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents – The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents for the purposes of the statement of cash flows. The Company had no cash equivalents at December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Restricted Cash – At December 31, 2022 and 2021, restricted cash consisted of funds held specifically for our card product programs that are contractually restricted to use. The Company includes changes in restricted cash balances with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning and ending total amounts in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

Concentrations of Credit Risk – Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. Paysign maintains its cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in various bank accounts that, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. Paysign has not experienced, nor does it anticipate, any losses with respect to such accounts. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had approximately $43,516,155 and $31,828,826 in excess of federally insured limits, respectively.

The Company also has a concentration of accounts receivable risk at December 31, 2022 as two Pharma programs each individually representing 35% and 24% of our accounts receivable balance, of which both balances are current. At December 31, 2021, the Company has a concentration of accounts receivable risk as two Pharma programs each individually representing 52% and 17% of our accounts receivable balance, of which both balances are current.

Fixed Assets – Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is principally recorded on the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset, which is generally 3 to 10 years. The cost of repairs and maintenance is charged to expense as incurred. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvements. Expenditures for property betterments and renewals are capitalized. Upon sale or other disposition of a depreciable asset, cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in other income (expense).

The Company periodically evaluates whether events and circumstances have occurred that may warrant revision of the estimated useful life of fixed assets or whether the remaining balance of fixed assets should be evaluated for possible impairment. The Company uses an estimate of the related undiscounted cash flows over the remaining life of the fixed assets in measuring their recoverability.

Intangible Assets – For intangible assets, the Company recognizes an impairment loss if the carrying amount of the intangible asset is not recoverable and exceeds fair value. The carrying amount of the intangible asset is considered not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset.

Intangible assets with a finite life are amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, which is generally 3 to 15 years.

Internally Developed Software Costs - Computer software development costs are expensed as incurred, except for internal use software or website development costs that qualify for capitalization as described below, and include compensation and related expenses, costs of hardware and software, and costs incurred in developing features and functionality.

For computer software developed or obtained for internal use, costs that are incurred in the preliminary project and post implementation stages of software development are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application and development stage are capitalized. Capitalized costs are amortized using the straight-line method over a three-year estimated useful life, beginning in the period in which the software is available for use.

Contract Assets- Incremental costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer are capitalized. The Company determines costs are incremental by confirming costs are (i) directly related to a customer’s contract; (ii) generate or enhance resources to fulfill contract performance obligations in the future; and (iii) recoverable. Amortization is on a straight-line basis generally over three to five years, beginning when goods and services are transferred to the customer or group of customers.

Customer Card Funding – At December 31, 2022 and 2021, customer card funding represents funds loaded or available to be loaded on cards for our card product programs.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments – Under applicable accounting guidance, fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.

The Company determines the fair values of our financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy established under applicable accounting guidance which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The following describes the three-level hierarchy:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 assets and liabilities include debt and equity securities.

Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. We currently do not have any assets or liabilities in this category.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the overall fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. The fair value for such assets and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, market comparables, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques that incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability. We currently do not have any assets or liabilities in this category.

Earnings Per Share – Basic earnings per share exclude any dilutive effects of options, warrants and convertible securities. Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common and common stock equivalent shares outstanding during the period, using the treasury stock method. Common stock equivalent shares are excluded from the computation if their effect is antidilutive.

Income Taxes – Income tax expense is comprised of current and deferred income tax expense. Current income tax expense approximates taxes to be paid or refunded for the current period. Deferred income tax expense results from the changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities during the periods. These gross deferred tax assets and liabilities represent decreases or increases in taxes expected to be paid in the future because of future reversals of temporary differences between the basis of assets and liabilities as measured by tax laws and their basis as reported in our consolidated financial statements. The Company also recognizes deferred tax assets for tax attributes such as net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts we conclude are more likely-than-not to be realized in the foreseeable future. While the Company has considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax strategies in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, if these estimates and assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to adjust its valuation allowance.

The Company recognizes and measures its unrecognized tax benefits in accordance with FASB ASC No. 740, Income Taxes. Under that guidance, management recognize uncertain tax positions that are “more likely than not” to be sustained if the relevant tax authority were to audit the position with full knowledge of all the relevant facts and other information, including the technical merits of those positions. For those tax positions that meet this threshold, we measure the amount of tax benefit based on the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% chance of being realized in a final settlement with the relevant authority. The measurement of unrecognized tax benefits is adjusted when new information is available or when an event occurs that requires a change. Income tax related interest and penalties, if applicable, are accrued within income tax expense.

Revenue and Expense Recognition – In determining when and how revenue is recognized from contracts with customers, the Company performs the following five-step analysis: (i) identification of contracts with customers; (ii) determination of performance obligations; (iii) measurement of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation.

The Company generates revenues from Plasma card programs through fees generated from cardholder fees and interchange fees. Revenues from Pharma card programs are generated through card program management fees, transaction claims processing fees, interchange fees, and settlement income.

Plasma and Pharma card program revenues include both fixed and variable components. Cardholder fees represent an obligation to the cardholder based on a per transaction basis and are recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation is fulfilled. Card program management fees and transaction claims processing fees include an obligation to our card program sponsors and are generally recognized when earned on a monthly basis and are typically due within 30 days pursuant to the contract terms which are generally multi-year contracts. The Company uses the output method to recognize card program management fee revenue at the amount of consideration to which an entity has a right to invoice. The performance obligation is satisfied when the services are transferred to the customer which the Company determined to be monthly, as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit from the Company’s performance. Interchange fees are earned when customer-issued cards are processed through card payment networks as the nature of our promise to the customer is that we stand ready to process transactions at the customer’s requests on a daily basis over the contract term. Since the timing and quantity of transactions to be processed by us are not determinable, we view interchange fees to comprise an obligation to stand ready to process as many transactions as the customer requests. Accordingly, the promise to stand ready is accounted for as a single series performance obligation. The Company uses the right to invoice practical expedient and recognizes interchange fee revenue concurrent with the processing of card transactions. Interchange fees are settled in accordance with the card payment network terms and conditions, which is typically within a few days.

The Company utilizes the remote method of revenue recognition for settlement income whereby the unspent balances will be recognized as revenue at the expiration of the cards and the respective program. The Company records all revenue on a gross basis since it is the primary obligor and establishes the price in the contract arrangement with its customers. The Company is currently under no obligation for refunding any fees, and the Company does not currently have any obligations for disputed claim settlements. Given the nature of the Company’s services and contracts, generally it has no contract assets.

Cost of revenues is comprised of transaction processing fees, data connectivity and data center expenses, network fees, bank fees, card production and postage costs, customer service, program management, application integration setup, and sales and commission expense. 

Operating leases – The Company determines if a contract is or contains a leasing element at contract inception or the date in which a modification of an existing contract occurs. In order for a contract to be considered a lease, the contract must transfer the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Control is determined to have occurred if the lessee has the right to (i) obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use and (ii) direct the use of the identified asset.

In determining the present value of lease payments at lease commencement date, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available, unless the rate implicit in the lease is readily determinable. Certain lease contracts include obligations to pay for other services, such as maintenance, we account for these other services as a non-lease component of the lease and not considered when accounting for the lease. The liability for operating leases is based on the present value of future lease payments. Operating lease expenses are recorded as rent expense, which is included within selling, general and administrative expenses within the consolidated statements of operations and presented as operating cash outflows within the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, with lease expense for these leases recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Stock-Based Compensation – The Company recognizes compensation expense for all restricted stock awards and stock options. The fair value of restricted stock awards is measured using the grant date trading price of our stock. The fair value of stock options is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and the portion that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as compensation cost over the requisite service period. We have elected to recognize compensation expense for all options with graded vesting on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the entire option. The determination of fair value using the Black-Scholes pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including expected stock price volatility and the risk-free interest rate.

Advertising Costs – Advertising costs incurred in the normal course of operations are expensed as incurred. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company expensed $603,213 and $227,387, respectively, included in selling, general and administrative expense.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements – In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments–Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which provides updated guidance on how an entity should measure credit losses on all financial instruments carried at amortized cost (including loans held for investment and held-to-maturity debt securities, as well as trade receivables, reinsurance recoverables, and receivables that relate to repurchase agreements and securities lending agreements), a lessor’s net investments in leases, and off-balance sheet credit exposures not accounted for as insurance or as derivatives, including loan commitments, standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees. Subsequently, in November 2018 the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments–Credit Losses, which clarified that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic 326-20, but instead should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842, Leases. In March 2022 the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses: Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures which clarified accounting treatment required for trouble debt restructurings by creditors and enhanced disclosures for write-offs. The new standard and related amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We do not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. This ASU requires contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASU No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This guidance is effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2023 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3.     FIXED ASSETS, NET

Fixed assets consist of the following:

Depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $492,875 and $534,749, respectively.

4.     INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Intangible assets consist of the following:

Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $2,416,737 and $1,963,169, respectively.

Estimated future amortization expense is as follows:

5.     LEASE

The Company entered into an operating lease for an office space which became effective in June 2020. The lease term is 10 years from the effective date and allows for two optional extensions of five years each. The two optional extensions are not recognized as part of the right-of-use asset or lease liability since it is not reasonably certain that the Company will extend this lease. As of December 31, 2022, the remaining lease term was 7.4 years and the discount rate was 6%.

Operating lease cost included in selling, general and administrative expenses was $736,038 and $623,987 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Cash paid for operating lease was $571,968 and $571,968 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The following is the lease maturity analysis of our operating lease as of December 31, 2022:

Twelve months ending December 31,

6.     CUSTOMER CARD FUNDING LIABILITY

The Company issues prepaid cards with various provisions for cardholder fees or expiration. Revenue generated from cardholder transactions and interchange fees are recognized when the Company's performance obligation is fulfilled. Unspent balances left on Pharma cards are recognized as settlement income at the expiration of the cards and the program (Note 2). Liabilities related to prepaid cards represent funds on card and client funds held to be loaded to card before the amounts are ultimately spent by the cardholders or recognized as revenue by the Company. Liabilities related to prepaid cards are reported as customer card funding liability on the consolidated balance sheet.

The opening and closing balances of the Company's liabilities are as follows:

The amount of revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 that was included in the opening liability for prepaid cards was $1,485,005 and $1,023,055, respectively.

7.      COMMON STOCK

At December 31, 2022, the Company’s authorized capital stock was 150,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. On that date, the Company had issued 52,650,382 shares of common stock and 52,346,982 shares of common stock outstanding, and no shares of preferred stock outstanding.

In 2019, the Company’s shareholders approved the 3Pea International, Inc. 2018 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2018 Plan”), which was approved by the board of directors on July 18, 2018. The Plan permits the Company to issue awards or options to the officers, directors, employees, consultants and other persons who provide services to our company or any related entity. Pursuant to the 2018 Plan, 5,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock are reserved for issuance. Any awards or options that are not settled in shares of common stock are not counted against the limit. Stock options granted under the 2018 Plan generally vest over four or five years and expire in ten years. Stock awards granted under the 2018 Plan generally vest over four of five years. In general, if an employee is terminated, any unvested options or awards as of the date of termination will be forfeited. As of December 31, 2022, there were 673,053 shares available for future grants under the 2018 Plan.

The Company issues new shares of common stock upon exercise of stock options or vesting stock awards.

Stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $2,277,717 and $2,280,931, respectively, and is included in selling, general and administrative expense. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and stock awards was $269,245 and $6,955,350, respectively, which are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.08 year for stock options and 3.83 years for stock awards. As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and stock awards was $759,394 and $4,368,961, respectively, which are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.71 year for stock options and 3.65 years for stock awards.

2022 Transactions: During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company issued shares of common stock as follows:

2021 Transactions: During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company issued shares of common stock as follows:

Stock Options

A summary of stock options activity for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is presented as follows: 

A summary of unvested options activity for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was as follows:

The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted and the total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows: 

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value and compensation cost associated with employee stock options, which requires the consideration of historical employee exercise behavior, the volatility of the Company’s stock price, the weighted-average risk-free interest rate and the weighted-average expected life of the options. Forfeitures are included when they are incurred. Any changes in these assumptions may materially affect the estimated fair value of the share-based award. There were no options granted during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Stock Awards

A summary of stock awards activity for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was as follows: 

8.      BASIC AND FULLY DILUTED NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and fully diluted net loss per common share for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2021: 

Due to the net loss for the year ended December 31, 2021, the effect of all potential common share equivalents was anti-dilutive, and therefore, all such shares were excluded from the computation of diluted weighted average shares outstanding. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the amount of potential common share equivalents excluded were 1,920,000 for stock options and 1,336,000 for unvested restricted stock awards.

9.      COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Pending or threatened litigation –From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business.

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business.

The Company has been named as a defendant in three complaints filed in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada: Yilan Shi v. Paysign, Inc. et. al., filed on March 19, 2020 (“Shi”), Lorna Chase v. Paysign, Inc. et. al., filed on March 25, 2020 (“Chase”), and Smith & Duvall v. Paysign, Inc. et. al., filed on April 2, 2020 (collectively, the “Complaints” or “Securities Class Action”). Smith & Duvall v. Paysign, Inc. et. al. was voluntarily dismissed on May 21, 2020. On May 18, 2020, the Shi plaintiffs and another entity called the Paysign Investor Group each filed a motion to consolidate the remaining Shi and Chase actions and to be appointed lead plaintiff. The Complaints are putative class actions filed on behalf of a class of persons who acquired the Company’s common stock from March 19, 2019 through March 31, 2020, inclusive. The Complaints generally allege that the Company, Mark R. Newcomer, and Mark Attinger violated Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, and that Messrs. Newcomer and Attinger violated Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, by making materially false or misleading statements, or failing to disclose material facts, regarding the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and its financial statements. The Complaints seek class action certification, compensatory damages, and attorney’s fees and costs. On December 2, 2020, the Court consolidated Shi and Chase as In re Paysign, Inc. Securities Litigation and appointed the Paysign Investor Group as lead plaintiff. On January 12, 2021, Plaintiffs filed an Amended Complaint in the consolidated action. Defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss the Amended Complaint on March 15, 2021, which Plaintiffs opposed via an opposition brief filed on April 29, 2021, to which Defendants replied on June 1, 2021. On February 9, 2023, the Court granted in part and denied in part Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss. As of the date of this filing, Paysign cannot give any meaningful estimate of likely outcome or damages.

The Company has also been named as a nominal defendant in two stockholder derivative actions in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada. The first derivative action is entitled Andrzej Toczek, derivatively on behalf of Paysign, Inc. v. Mark R. Newcomer, et al. and was filed on September 17, 2020. This action alleges violations of Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act, breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and waste, largely in connection with the failure to correct information technology controls over financial reporting alleged in the Securities Class Action, thereby causing the Company to face exposure in the Securities Class Action. The complaint also alleges insider trading violations against certain individual defendants. On December 16, 2020, the Court approved a stipulation staying the action until the Court in the consolidated Securities Class Action issues a ruling on the Motion to Dismiss. The second derivative action is entitled John K. Gray, derivatively on behalf of Paysign, Inc. v. Mark Attinger, et al. and was filed on May 9, 2022. This action involves the same alleged conduct raised in the Toczek action and asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty in connection with financial reporting, breach of fiduciary duty in connection with alleged insider trading against certain individual defendants, and unjust enrichment. On June 3, 2022, the Court approved a stipulation staying the action until the Court in the consolidated Securities Class Action issues a ruling on the Motion to Dismiss. The Company anticipates filing motions to dismiss given the ruling on the Motion to Dismiss in the consolidated Securities Class Action. As of the date of this filing, Paysign cannot give any meaningful estimate of likely outcome or damages.

10.      RELATED PARTY

A member of our Board of Directors is also a partner in a law firm that the Company paid approximately $126,628 and $479,684 during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

11.     RETIREMENT PLAN

The Company has a defined contribution 401(k) plan that covers all employees who meet certain age and length of service requirements and allows an employer contribution of up to 50% of the first 3% of each participating employee’s eligible compensation contributed to the plan and 50% of the next two percent of each participating employee’s eligible compensation. Participants are 100% vested in these matching contributions when they are made. Eligible employees may elect to defer pre-tax contributions regulated under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Employer matching expense was $165,953 and $205,146 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

12.     INCOME TAXES

The income tax provision on the statements of operations was comprised of the following for the years ended December 31:

For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the reconciliation of the federal statutory tax rate to the benefit rate for income taxes is as follows:

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are comprised of the following at December 31:

As of December 31, 2022, the Company has gross Federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $17,527,306 and gross state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $4,065,995. The Company's Federal net operating losses can be carried forward indefinitely. The carryforward periods for the Company's state net operating losses range from 15 to 20 years and begin to expire in 2035.

Pursuant to Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”), Federal and state tax laws impose significant restrictions on the utilization of net operating loss and other tax carryforwards in the event of a change in ownership of the Company. The Company has not yet completed a formal study, but does not expect IRC Sections 382 and 383 to significantly impact the future utilization of its net operating losses and other tax carryforwards.

Deferred taxes arise from temporary differences in the recognition of certain expenses for tax and financial reporting purposes. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. At December 31, 2020, management determined that its more-likely-than-not that the Company’s net deferred tax assets would not be realized in the near future and placed a full valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets. The Company continues to have a full valuation allowance in 2022. The Company's valuation allowance represents the amount of tax benefits that are likely to not be realized. The net change in the valuation allowance from December 31, 2021 to 2022 was $69,246. The net change in the valuation allowance from December 31, 2020 to 2021 was $63,230.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company has no accrual for interest and penalties related to its unrecognized tax benefits. The balance of the unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2022 are included in the deferred tax asset, net. The Company's effective tax rate would not be impacted if its uncertain tax benefits were recognized due to the Company's full valuation allowance. There are no positions for which it is reasonably possible that the uncertain tax benefit will significantly increase or decrease within twelve months. The Company files income tax returns in the United States and various state jurisdictions. The federal statute of limitation remains open for the 2018 tax year to present. The state statutes of limitation remain open for the 2020 tax year through present.