PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust - Quarter Report: 2012 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549

Form 10-Q

Commission file number: 001-34416

PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(818) 224-7442
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes o    No ý

        Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST
FORM 10-Q
March 31, 2012

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.    Financial Statements

PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1—Organization and Basis of Presentation

        PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust ("PMT" or the "Company") was organized in Maryland on May 18, 2009, and began operations on August 4, 2009, when it completed its initial offerings of common shares of beneficial interest ("shares"). The Company is a specialty finance company, which, through its subsidiaries (all of which are wholly-owned), invests primarily in residential mortgage loans and mortgage-related assets.

        The Company's objective is to provide attractive risk-adjusted returns to its investors over the long-term, principally through dividends and secondarily through capital appreciation. The Company intends to achieve this objective largely by investing in distressed mortgage assets and acquiring, pooling, securitizing or selling newly originated prime credit quality residential mortgage loans ("correspondent lending").

        The Company operates two segments: investment activities and correspondent lending. The investment activities segment focuses on mortgage assets that are acquired and held for investment purposes and the correspondent lending segment focuses on the purchase for resale of newly originated mortgage loans.

        The investment activities segment represents the Company's investments in distressed mortgage loans, real estate acquired in settlement of loans ("REO"), mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") and mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs"). Management seeks to maximize the value of the distressed mortgage loans acquired by the Company through proprietary loan modification programs, special servicing and other initiatives focused on keeping borrowers in their homes. Where this is not possible, such as in the case of many nonperforming mortgage loans, the Company seeks to effect property resolution in a timely, orderly and economically efficient manner, including through the use of resolution alternatives to foreclosure.

        The correspondent lending segment represents the Company's operations aimed at serving as an intermediary between mortgage lenders and the capital markets by purchasing, pooling and reselling the loans either directly or in the form of MBS, using the operations of the Company's Manager.

        The Company believes that it qualifies, and has elected to be taxed, as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Internal Revenue Code"), beginning with its taxable period ended on December 31, 2009. To maintain its tax status as a REIT, the Company plans to distribute at least 90% of its taxable income in the form of qualifying distributions to shareholders.

        The Company is externally managed by an affiliate, PNMAC Capital Management, LLC ("PCM" or the "Manager"), an investment adviser registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") that specializes in and focuses on residential mortgage loans. Under the terms of a management agreement, PCM is paid a management fee with a base component and a performance incentive component. Determination of the amount of management fees is discussed in Note 3—Transactions with Related Parties.

        The Company conducts substantially all of its operations and makes substantially all of its investments through its subsidiary, PennyMac Operating Partnership, L.P. (the "Operating Partnership"), and the Operating Partnership's subsidiaries. A subsidiary of the Company is the sole general partner, and the Company is the sole limited partner, of the Operating Partnership.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 1—Organization and Basis of Presentation (Continued)

        The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in compliance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the SEC's instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these financial statements and notes do not include all of the information required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The interim consolidated information should be read together with the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 (the "Annual Report").

        Preparation of financial statements in compliance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results will likely differ from those estimates.

        In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the period ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2012.

Note 2—Concentration of Risks

        As discussed in Note 1—Organization and Basis of Presentation above, PMT's investing activities are centered in real estate-related assets, a substantial portion of which are distressed at acquisition. Because of the Company's investment strategy, many of the mortgage loans in its targeted asset class are purchased at discounts reflecting their distressed state or perceived higher risk of default, as well as a greater likelihood of collateral documentation deficiencies. Prior to the acquisition of loans or other assets, PCM validates key information provided by the sellers that is necessary to determine the value of the acquired asset. A substantial portion of the non-correspondent lending loans purchased by the Company has been acquired from or through one or more subsidiaries of Citigroup, Inc.

        Through its management agreement with PCM and its loan servicing agreements with its loan servicers, primarily an affiliated company, PennyMac Loan Services, LLC ("PLS"), PMT works with borrowers to perform loss mitigation activities. Such activities include the use of loan modification programs (such as the U.S. Department of the Treasury and Housing and Urban Development's Home Affordable Modification Program ("HAMP")) and workout options that PCM believes have the highest probability of successful resolution for both borrowers and PMT. Loan modification or resolution may include PMT accepting a reduction of the principal balances of certain mortgage loans in its investment portfolio. When loan modifications and other efforts are unable to cure distressed loans, the Company's objective is to effect timely acquisition and liquidation of the property securing the mortgage loan.

        Because of the Company's investment focus, PMT is exposed, to a greater extent than traditional mortgage investors, to the risks that borrowers may be in economic distress and/or may have become unemployed, bankrupt or otherwise unable or unwilling to make payments when due, and to the effects of fluctuations in the residential real estate market on the performance of its investments. Factors influencing these risks include, but are not limited to:

•

changes in the overall economy, unemployment and residential real estate values in the markets where the properties securing the Company's mortgage loans are located;

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 2—Concentration of Risks (Continued)

•

PCM's ability to identify, and the Company's loan servicers' ability to execute, optimal resolutions of problem mortgage loans;



•

the accuracy of valuation information obtained during the Company's due diligence activities;



•

PCM's ability to effectively model, and to develop appropriate model assumptions that properly anticipate, future outcomes;



•

the level of government support for problem loan resolution and the effect of current and future proposed and enacted legislative and regulatory changes on the Company's ability to effect cures or resolutions to distressed loans; and



•

regulatory, judicial and legislative support of the foreclosure process, and the resulting impact on the Company's ability to acquire and liquidate the real estate securing its portfolio of distressed mortgage loans in a timely manner or at all.

        Due to these uncertainties, there can be no assurance that risk management activities identified and executed on PMT's behalf will prevent significant losses arising from the Company's investments in real estate-related assets.

        On December 20, 2011 and July 12, 2011, the Company entered into forward purchase agreements with Citigroup Global Markets Realty Corp. ("CGM"), a subsidiary of Citigroup Inc., to purchase certain nonperforming residential mortgage loans and residential real property acquired in settlement of loans (collectively, the "CGM Assets"). The CGM Assets were acquired by CGM from unaffiliated money center banks. The initial purchase price under the forward commitment on December 20, 2011 was $22.1 million. The remaining purchase price as of March 31, 2012 is $20.1 million. Remaining subsequent adjustments may increase the purchase price to $20.5 million based on the date the purchase is settled. The initial purchase price under the forward commitment on July 12, 2011 was $172.7 million. The remaining purchase price as of March 31, 2012, is $98.3 million. Remaining subsequent adjustments may increase the purchase price to $99.2 million based on the date the purchase is settled.

        The Company also pays CGM a cost of carry on the CGM Assets pending purchase through the date such CGM Assets are ultimately acquired. The Company recognized the assets subject to the transactions and the related liability. The CGM Assets are serviced by PLS.

        The CGM Assets are included on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as Mortgage loans under forward purchase agreements at fair value and Real estate acquired in settlement of loans under forward purchase agreements and the related liabilities are included as Borrowings under forward purchase agreements. The CGM Assets are being held by CGM within a separate trust entity deemed a variable interest entity. The Company's interest in the CGM Assets is deemed to be contractually segregated from all other interests in the trust. When assets are contractually segregated, they are often referred to as a "silo." The silo consists of the CGM Assets and its related liability. The Company directs all of the activities that drive the economic results of the CGM Assets. All of the changes in the fair value and cash flows of the CGM Assets are attributable solely to the Company, and such cash flows can only be used to settle the related liability.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 2—Concentration of Risks (Continued)

        As a result of consolidating the silo, the Company's consolidated statement of income for the three months ended March 31, 2012 includes net gain on mortgage loans of $6.7 million, interest income on mortgage loans of $502,000, interest expense of $1.5 million and loan servicing fees expense of $585,000. The Company received repayments of mortgage loans totaling $8.7 million and repaid borrowings under the forward purchase agreements totaling $27.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2012. The Company has no other variable interests in the trust entity, or other exposure to the creditors of the trust entity which could expose the Company to loss.

        On April 13 and April 24, 2012, PCM committed to acquire on the Company's behalf mortgage loans from or through one or more subsidiaries of Citigroup, Inc. with purchase prices totaling approximately $20.2 million and $139.2 million, respectively.

        On April 27, 2012, the Company, through PCM, completed the purchase of $56.5 million in fair value of mortgage loans from a subsidiary of Citigroup, Inc.

        During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company purchased $243.1 million of mortgage loans at fair value for its investment portfolio. Of that total, $227.3 million at fair value of mortgage loans were purchased from or through one or more subsidiaries of Citigroup, Inc.

        Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company's correspondent lending activities have experienced substantial growth. As a result of such growth, the Company's correspondent lending segment contributed approximately 42% of PMT's pre-tax income during the quarter ended March 31, 2012 and the inventory of mortgage loans acquired for sale at fair value represented approximately 12% of the Company's investments at March 31, 2012.

        Correspondent lending activities introduce different risks from those posed by investments in distressed assets. The Company's correspondent lending activities and the MSRs that are held in the Company's investment segment that the Company receives as proceeds from such correspondent lending sales are more sensitive to the level and volatility of interest rates. For example, a decline in mortgage rates generally increases the demand for home loans as borrowers refinance, but also generally leads to accelerated payoffs in the Company's mortgage servicing portfolio, which negatively impacts the value of MSRs.

        Management attempts to manage the sensitivity of earnings to this risk through the use of derivative financial instruments to moderate the effects of changes in the level and volatility of interest rates on the fair value of the Company's inventory of mortgage loans acquired for sale at fair value and commitments to purchase mortgage loans for sale. The Company does not presently use derivative financial instruments to moderate the effects of changes in the fair value of its investment in MSRs on PMT's earnings.

        The success of the Company's interest rate risk management strategies is dependent on management's ability to predict the earnings sensitivity of its loan servicing and loan production operations in various interest rate environments. There are many market factors that affect the performance of the Company's interest rate risk management activities including interest rate volatility, the shape of the yield curve and the spread between mortgage interest rates and United States Treasury or swap rates. The success of this strategy affects PMT's net income and the effect can be either positive or negative, and can be material to the Company.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 2—Concentration of Risks (Continued)

        The correspondent lending segment's ability to sell loans profitably is affected by many factors, including the relative demands for such loans and MBS evidencing interests in such loans, the cost of credit enhancements, investor perceptions of such loans and MBS and the risks posed by such products.

Note 3—Transactions with Related Parties

        The Company is managed externally by PCM under the terms of a management agreement that expires on August 4, 2012 and will be automatically renewed for a one-year term each anniversary date thereafter unless previously terminated. The management agreement provides for an annual review of PCM's performance under the management agreement by the Company's independent trustees. PMT's board of trustees reviews the Company's financial results, policy compliance and strategic direction.

        As more fully described in the Company's Annual Report, certain of the underwriting costs incurred in the Company's initial public offering ("IPO") were paid on PMT's behalf by PCM and a portion of the underwriting discount was deferred by agreement with the underwriters of the offering. PMT will reimburse PCM the underwriting costs as discussed in Note 25—Shareholders' Equity.

        PMT pays PCM a base management fee and may pay a performance incentive fee, both payable quarterly and in arrears.

        Following is a summary of management fee expense and the related liability recorded by the Company for the periods presented:

        Both the management and termination fees are more fully described in Note 4—Transactions with Related Parties to the Company's Annual Report.

        The Company, through its Operating Partnership, also has a loan servicing agreement with PLS. Servicing fee rates are based on the risk characteristics of the mortgage loans serviced and total servicing compensation is established at levels that management believes are competitive with those charged by other servicers or specialty servicers, as applicable.

        Servicing fee rates for nonperforming loans are expected to range between 30 and 100 basis points per year on the unpaid principal balance of the mortgage loans serviced on the Company's behalf. PLS is also entitled to certain customary market-based fees and charges, including boarding and deboarding fees, liquidation and disposition fees, assumption, modification and origination fees and late charges, as well as interest on funds on deposit in custodial accounts. In the event PLS either effects a refinancing

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 3—Transactions with Related Parties (Continued)

of a loan on the Company's behalf and not through a third party lender and the resulting loan is readily saleable, or originates a loan to facilitate the disposition of real estate that the Company has acquired in settlement of a loan, PLS is entitled to receive from the Company market-based fees and compensation.

        PLS, on behalf of the Company, currently participates in HAMP (and other similar mortgage loan modification programs), which establishes standard loan modification guidelines for "at risk" homeowners and provides incentive payments to certain participants, including loan servicers, for achieving modifications and successfully remaining in the program. The loan servicing agreement entitles PLS to retain any incentive payments made to it and to which it is entitled under HAMP; provided, however, that with respect to any such incentive payments paid to PLS under HAMP in connection with a mortgage loan modification for which the Company previously paid PLS a modification fee, PLS shall reimburse the Company an amount equal to the lesser of such modification fee or such incentive payments.

        In connection with the Company's correspondent lending business, through which the Company acquires mortgage loans originated by correspondent lenders for resale to the government-sponsored agencies such as the Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae") or securitization through Government National Mortgage Association ("Ginnie Mae") (Fannie Mae and Ginnie Mae are each referred to as an "Agency" and, collectively, as the "Agencies") and other investors, PLS is entitled to base servicing fees, which range from 4 to 20 basis points per year of the unpaid principal balance of such loans, and other customary market-based fees and charges as described above. PLS also provides certain mortgage banking services, including fulfillment and disposition-related services, to the Company for a fulfillment fee based on a percentage of the unpaid principal balance of the mortgage loans to be sold to non-affiliates where the Company is approved or licensed to sell to such non-affiliate. The fulfillment fee for such services is currently 50 basis points. During the quarter ended March 31 2012 and 2011, the Company recorded fulfillment fees totaling $6.1 million and $12,000, respectively.

        The Company collects interest income and a sourcing fee of three basis points for each mortgage loan it purchases from a correspondent and sells to PLS for ultimate disposition to a third party where the Company is not approved or licensed to sell to such third party. During the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company sold loans with unpaid balances totaling approximately $799.2 million and $3.5 million and received sourcing fees totaling approximately $240,000 and $4,000, respectively. The Company held mortgage loans pending sale to PLS with unpaid balances totaling approximately $39.5 million and $44.2 million at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

        The Company paid servicing and other fees to PLS as described above and as provided in its loan servicing agreement and recorded other expenses, including common overhead expenses incurred on its behalf by PCM and its affiliates, in accordance with the terms of its management agreement.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 3—Transactions with Related Parties (Continued)

        Following is a summary of those expenses for the periods presented:

        Amounts due to affiliates are summarized below as of the dates presented:

        Amounts due from affiliates totaled $5.5 million and $347,000 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, and represent amounts receivable pursuant to loan sales to PLS and reimbursable expenses paid on the affiliates' behalf by the Company.

        PCM's parent company, Private National Mortgage Acceptance Company, LLC, held 75,000 of the Company's common shares of beneficial interest at both March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

Note 4—Earnings Per Share

        Basic earnings per share is determined using net income divided by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted-average common shares outstanding, assuming all potentially dilutive common shares were issued. In periods in which the Company records a loss, potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation, as their effect on loss per share is anti-dilutive.

        During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company made grants of restricted share units which entitle the recipients to receive dividend equivalents during the vesting period on a basis equivalent to the dividends paid to holders of common shares. For purposes of calculating earnings per

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 4—Earnings Per Share (Continued)

share, unvested share-based compensation awards containing non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (collectively, "dividends") are classified as "participating securities" and are included in the basic earnings per share calculation using the two-class method. Under the two-class method, all earnings (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to each class of common shares and participating securities, based on their respective rights to receive dividends.

        The following table summarizes the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations for the periods presented:

Note 5—Loan Sales

        The Company purchases and sells mortgage loans into the secondary mortgage market without recourse for credit losses. However the Company maintains continuing involvement with the loans in the form of servicing arrangements and the potential liability under representations and warranties it makes to purchasers and insurers of the loans.

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 5—Loan Sales (Continued)

        The following table summarizes cash flows between the Company and transferees upon sale of loans in transactions whereby the Company maintains continuing involvement with the mortgage loan and period-end information relating to such loans:

Note 6—Fair Value

        The Company's financial statements include assets and liabilities that are measured based on their estimated fair values. The application of fair value estimates may be on a recurring or nonrecurring basis depending on the accounting principles applicable to the specific asset or liability and whether management has elected to carry the item at its estimated fair value as discussed in the following paragraphs.

Fair Value Accounting Elections

        Management identified all of its financial assets, including short-term investments, United States Treasury security, MBS, and mortgage loans as well as its securities sold under agreements to repurchase and its MSRs relating to loans with initial interest rates of more than 4.5% that were acquired as a result of its correspondent lending operations to be accounted for at estimated fair value so such changes in fair value will be reflected in income as they occur and more timely reflect the results of the Company's investment performance.

        For MSRs relating to mortgage loans with initial interest rates of less than or equal to 4.5% that were acquired as a result of the Company's correspondent lending operations, management has concluded that such assets present different risks to the Company than MSRs relating to mortgage loans with initial interest rates of more than 4.5% and therefore require a different risk management approach. Management's risk management efforts relating to these assets are aimed at moderating the effects of non-interest rate risks on fair value, such as the effect of changes in home prices on the assets' values. Management has identified these assets for accounting using the amortization method. Management's risk management efforts in connection with MSRs relating to mortgage loans with initial interest rates of more than 4.5% are aimed at moderating the effects of changes in interest rates on the assets' values.

        For loans sold under agreements to repurchase subject to agreements made beginning in December 2010, REO financed through agreements to repurchase beginning in June 2011 and borrowings under forward purchase agreements beginning in July 2011, management has determined

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 6—Fair Value (Continued)

that historical cost accounting is more appropriate because under this method debt issuance costs are spread over the term of the debt, thereby matching the debt issuance expense to the periods benefiting from the usage of the debt.

Financial Statement Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

        Following is a summary of financial statement items that are measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates presented:

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 6—Fair Value (Continued)

        The Company's non-Agency MBS, mortgage loans at fair value, mortgage loans under forward purchase agreements at fair value, MSRs and securities sold under agreements to repurchase were

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 6—Fair Value (Continued)

measured using Level 3 inputs on a recurring basis. The following is a summary of changes in those items for the periods presented:

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PENNYMAC MORTGAGE INVESTMENT TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Note 6—Fair Value (Continued)