Planet Green Holdings Corp. - Quarter Report: 2016 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2016

[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File No.001-34449

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

BeihuanZhong Road
Junan County
Shandong, People’s Republic of China, 276600
(Address, including zip code, of principal executive offices)

(86) 539-7317959
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes [X]      No [   ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes [X]      No [   ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes [   ]    No [X]

The numbers of shares outstanding of the issuer’s class of common stock as of August 20, 2016 was 38,259,490.

FORM 10-Q
For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to the factors described in the section captioned “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “would” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are based on assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Also, forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this report. You should read this report completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.

Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in any forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

Use of Certain Defined Terms

Except where the context otherwise requires and for the purposes of this report only:

1.      “We,” “us” and “our” refer to ALN, and except where the context requires otherwise, our wholly-owned and majority-owned direct and indirect operating subsidiaries.

2.       “ALN” refers to American Lorain Corporation, a Nevada corporation (formerly known as Millennium Quest, Inc.).

3.       “Minerve” refers to Minerve*, a limited liability company organized under the laws of France that is majority- owned by JunanHongrun.

4.       “ILH” refers to International Lorain Holding, Inc., a Cayman Islands company that is wholly owned by ALN.

5.       “Junan Hongrun” refers to Junan Hongrun Foodstuff Co., Ltd.

6.       “Luotian Lorain” refers to Luotian Green Foodstuff Co., Ltd.

7.       “Beijing Lorain” refers to Beijing Green Foodstuff Co., Ltd.

8.       “Shandong Lorain” refers to Shandong Green Foodstuff Co., Ltd.

9.       “Dongguan Lorain” refers to Dongguan Green Foodstuff Co., Ltd.

10.       “Shandong Greenpia” refers to Shandong Greenpia Foodstuff Co., Ltd. 11. “RMB” refers to Renminbi, the legal currency of China.

12.       “U.S. dollar”, “$” and “US$” refer to the legal currency of the United States.

13.       “China” and “PRC” refer to the People’s Republic of China (excluding Hong Kong and Macau).

*On August 8, 2015, the Company re-organized its French operations by merging the operations of Conserverie Minerve into its immediate parent and 100% shareholder Athena, and concurrently, Athena wound up and dissolved Conserverie Minerve. Athena subsequently changed its own legal name to Conservie Minerve to continue its business.

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We have reviewed the accompanying interim consolidated balance sheets of American Lorain Corporation (“the Company”) as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and the related statements of income and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. These interim consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim consolidated financial statements for them to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We have previously audited, in accordance with auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the balance sheets of American Lorain Corporation as of December 31, 2015, and the related statements of income, comprehensive income, retained earnings, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated April 14, 2016, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed balance sheet as of December 31, 2015, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the balance sheet from which it has been derived.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AT JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

See Accompanying Notes to the Financial Statements and Accountant’s Report

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
AUDITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AT JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

See Accompanying Notes to the Financial Statements and Accountant’s Report

A AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2016 AND 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

See Accompanying Notes to the Financial Statements and Accountant’s Report

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2016 AND 2015
(STATED IN US DOLLARS)

See Accompanying Notes to the Financial Statements and Accountant’s Report

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

American Lorain Corporation (the “Company” or “ALN”) was originally a Delaware corporation incorporated on February 4, 1986. On November 12, 2009, the Company filed a statement of merger in the state of Nevada to transfer the Company’s jurisdiction from Delaware to Nevada.

ALN owns 100% of the equity of International Lorain Holding Inc. (“ILH”). ILH is a Cayman Islands company incorporated on August 4, 2006 and was wholly-owned by Mr. Hisashi Akazawa until May 3, 2007. ILH presently has two direct wholly-owned subsidiaries, Junan Hongrun and Luotian Lorain, and three indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries through Junan Hongrun, which are Beijing Lorain, Dongguan Lorain, and Shandong Greenpia Foodstuff Co., Ltd. (“Shandong Greenpia”).

In addition, the Company directly and indirectly has 80.2% ownership of Shandong Lorain. The rest of the 19.8%, which is owned by the State under the name of Shandong Economic Development Investment Co. Ltd., is not included as a part of the Group.

On April 9, 2009, the Company, through its Junan Hongrun subsidiary, invested cash to establish Dongguan Lorain. Dongguan Lorain is indirectly 100% beneficially owned by the Company.

On June 28, 2010, the Company signed an equity transfer agreement with Shandong Greenpia. Shandong Greenpia was originally directly owned by Taebong Inc. and Shandong Luan Trade Company. The Company paid $2,100,000 to Korean Taebong Inc. for 50% of the equity of Shandong Greenpia on September 20, 2010. On September 23, 2010, the Company issued 731,707 shares of restricted stock at an agreed price of $2.87 per share to the owner of Shandong Luan Trade Company, Mr. Ji Zhenwei, for the remaining 50% equity of Shandong Greenpia. Since September 23, 2010, Shandong Greenpia was directly owned by both Junan Hongrun and ILH. As a result, Shandong Greenpia is 100% owned by the Company. Accordingly, the Company booked a gain of $383,482, which is included in the statement of income as other income.

On February 7, 2014, American Lorain Corporation, through its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, Junan Hongrun, entered into two Share Purchase Agreements with Intiraimi, a limited liability company organized under the laws of France, and Biobranco II, a company organized under Portuguese law, to acquire 51% of the share capital of Athena Group. On June 30, 2014, Junan Hongrun officially completed the acquisition. On August 8, 2015, the Company re-organized its French operations by merging the operations of Conserverie Minerve into its immediate parent and 100% shareholder Athena, and concurrently, Athena wound up and dissolved Conserverie Minerve. Athena subsequently changed its own legal name to Conservie Minerve to continue its business. Minerve received a court order to enter into bankruptcy liquidation proceedings on April 19, 2016. Consequently, as of June 30, 2016, Minerve was deconsolidated from the Company due to the loss in control resulting from such proceedings. For additional information, please refer to Note 24 – Subsequent Events.

The Company develops, manufactures, and sells convenience foods (including ready-to-cook (or RTC) foods; ready-to-eat (or RTE) foods and meals ready-to-eat (or MRE)); chestnut products; and frozen foods, in hundreds of varieties. The Company operates through indirect Chinese and European subsidiaries. The Company’s products are sold in domestic markets as well as exported to foreign countries and regions such as Japan, Korea and Europe.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The Company maintains its general ledger and journals with the accrual method accounting for financial reporting purposes. The financial statements and notes are representations of management. Accounting policies adopted by the Company conform to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America and have been consistently applied in the presentation of financial statements, which are compiled on the accrual basis of accounting.

The Company regrouped certain accounts in its presentation of changes in assets and liabilities in the statement of cash flows for the three months ended June 30, 2016 in order to be consistent with the presentation provided for the year ended December 31, 2015. There was no impact on earnings for the regrouping.

The consolidated financial statements, which include the Company and its subsidiaries, are compiled in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The consolidated financial statements include 100% of assets, liabilities, and net income or loss of those wholly-owned subsidiaries; ownership interests of non-controlling investors are recorded as non-controlling interests.

As of June 30, 2016, the detailed identities of the consolidating subsidiaries are as follows:

As of June 30, 2016, Minerve was deconsolidated from the Company due to the loss in control resulting from Minerve’s entry into bankruptcy liquidation proceedings following a court order. The audited accounts of Minerve at December 31, 2015 have not been deconsolidated and reclassified as a result of the bankruptcy proceedings.

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the time the estimates are made; however, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

The Company classifies securities it holds for investment purposes into trading or available-for-sale. Trading securities are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. All securities not included in trading securities are classified as available-for-sale.

Trading and available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value. Unrealized holding gains and losses on trading securities are included in the net income. Unrealized holding gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, on available for sale securities are excluded from net income and are reported as a separate component of other comprehensive income until realized. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities are determined on a specific-identification basis.

A decline in the market value of any available-for-sale security below cost that is deemed to be other-than-temporary results in a reduction in carrying amount to fair value. The impairment is charged as an expense to the statement of income and comprehensive income and a new cost basis for the security is established. To determine whether impairment is other-than-temporary, the Company considers whether it has the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market price recovery and considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for the impairment, the severity and duration of the impairment, changes in value subsequent to year end, and forecasted performance of the investee.

Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related available-for-sale security as an adjustment to yield using the effective-interest method. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned.

Trade receivables are recognized and carried at the original invoice amount less allowance for any uncollectible amounts. An estimate for doubtful accounts is made when collection of the full amount is no longer probable. Bad debts are written off as incurred.

Inventories consisting of finished goods and raw materials are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Finished goods are comprised of direct materials, direct labor and an appropriate proportion of overhead.

Customer deposits were received from customers in connection with orders of products to be delivered in future periods.

Advance to suppliers is a good faith deposit paid to the supplier for the purpose of committing the supplier to provide product promptly upon delivery of the Company’s purchase order for raw materials, supplies, equipment, building materials, and other items necessary for our operations. Pursuant to the Company’s arrangements with its suppliers, this deposit is generally 20% of the total amount contracted for. This type of transaction is classified as a prepayment under the account name “Advance to Suppliers” until such time as the Company’s purchase order is delivered, at which point this account is reduced by reclassification of the applicable amount to the appropriate asset account such as inventory or fixed assets or construction in progress.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

Plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method with a salvage value of 10%. Estimated useful lives of the plant and equipment are as follows:

The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the statement of income. The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to income as incurred, whereas significant renewals and betterments are capitalized.

Construction in progress represents direct and indirect construction or acquisition costs. The construction in progress is transferred to plant and equipment when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the assets for their intended use are completed. No depreciation is provided until the asset is completed and ready for intended use.

Land use rights are carried at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over a specified period. Amortization is provided using the straight-line method over 40-50 years.

The long-lived assets held by the Company are reviewed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Subtopic 360-10-35, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable. It is reasonably possible that these assets could become impaired as a result of technology or other industry changes. Impairment is present if carrying amount of an asset is less than its undiscounted cash flows to be generated.

If an asset is considered impaired, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair market value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. The Company believes no impairment has occurred to its assets during 2016 and 2015.

All advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

All shipping and handling are expensed as incurred.

All research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

Retirement benefits in the form of contributions under defined contribution retirement plans to the relevant authorities are charged to the consolidated statement of income as incurred.

The Company accounts for income tax using an asset and liability approach and allows for recognition of deferred tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach, deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will either expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or that future realization is uncertain.

The Company has implemented ASC Topic 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Income tax liabilities computed according to the United States, People’s Republic of China (PRC), and France tax laws are provided for the tax effects of transactions reported in the financial statements and consist of taxes currently due plus deferred taxes related primarily to differences between the basis of fixed assets and intangible assets for financial and tax reporting. The deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the future tax return consequences of those differences, which will be either taxable or deductible when the assets and liabilities are recovered or settled. Deferred taxes also are recognized for operating losses that are available to offset future income taxes. A valuation allowance is created to evaluate deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that these items will either expire before the Company is able to realize that tax benefit, or that future realization is uncertain.

Effective January 1, 2008, the PRC government implemented a new 25% tax rate across the board for all enterprises regardless of whether domestic or foreign enterprise without any tax holiday which is defined as "two-year exemption followed by three-year half exemption" hitherto enjoyed by tax payers. As a result of the new tax law of a standard 25% tax rate, tax holidays terminated as of December 31, 2007. However, PRC government has established a set of transition rules to allow enterprises that were already participating in tax holidays before January 1, 2008, to continue enjoying the tax holidays until they had been fully utilized.

The standard corporate income tax in France is 33.33% except for a small or new business, which may benefit from lower rates. In addition, a 3.3% of social surcharge is charged to the Company’s French subsidiaries if the standard corporate income tax liability exceeds EUR 763,000. Furthermore, a 10.7% temporary surtax applies when a company’s turnover exceeds EUR 250 million.

The Company is subject to United States Tax according to Internal Revenue Code Sections 951 and 957. Corporate income tax is imposed at progressive rates in the range of:

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

Statutory reserves are referring to the amount appropriated from the net income in accordance with laws or regulations, which can be used to recover losses and increase capital, as approved, and are to be used to expand production or operations. The Company did not make any transfers from retained earnings to statutory reserves for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. PRC laws prescribe that an enterprise operating at a profit must appropriate and reserve, on an annual basis, an amount equal to 10% of its profit. Such an appropriation is necessary until the reserve reaches a maximum that is equal to 50% of the enterprise’s PRC registered capital.

The accompanying financial statements are presented in United States dollars. The functional currencies of the Company are the Renminbi (RMB) and the Euro (EUR). The financial statements are translated into United States dollars from RMB and EUR at year-end exchange rates as to assets and liabilities and average exchange rates as to revenues and expenses. Capital accounts are translated at their historical exchange rates when the capital transactions occurred.

The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into US Dollars at the rates used in translation.

The Company's revenue recognition policies are in compliance with Staff accounting bulletin (SAB) 104. Sales revenue is recognized at the date of shipment to customers when a formal arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable, the delivery is completed, no other significant obligations of the Company exist and collectibility is reasonably assured. Payments received before all of the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are satisfied are recorded as unearned revenue.

The Company's revenue consists of invoiced value of goods, net of a value-added tax (VAT). The Company allows its customers to return products if they are defective. However, this rarely happens and amounts returned have been de minimis.

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the sum of the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding and potential dilutive securities during the year. For the year ended December 31, 2009, 1,334,573 stock options were granted to employees pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive plan; 2,255,024 warrants were issued to investors in connection with a PIPE financing. For the year ended December 31, 2010, 81,155 warrants were issued to certain service providers. For the year ended December 31, 2015, no warrants were issued nor were options granted. As of December 31, 2015, 1,753,909 shares of Series A warrants had expired and all stock options to employees from the 2009 stock incentive program have expired. These warrants and options could be potentially dilutive if the market price of the Company’s common stock exceeds the exercise price for these securities.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC Topic 260, “Earnings per share” and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 98 (“SAB 98”). SFAS No. 128 requires companies with complex capital structures to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as the income or loss available to common shareholders divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is similar to basic EPS but presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of potential common shares (e.g., convertible securities, options, and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential common shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e. those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.

The Company’s financial instruments, including cash and equivalents, accounts and other receivables, accounts and other payables, accrued liabilities and short-term debt, have carrying amounts that approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” requires disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments held by the Company. ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” defines fair value, and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement that enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for receivables and current liabilities each qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of their fair values because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:

The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity,” and ASC 815.

As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company did not identify any assets and liabilities whose carrying amounts were required to be adjusted in order to present them at fair value.

Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated.

Comprehensive income is defined to include all changes in equity except those resulting from investmentsby owners and distributions to owners. Among other disclosures, all items that are required to be recognized under current accounting standards as components of comprehensive income are required to be reported in a financial statement that is presented with the same prominence as other financial statements. The Company’s current component of other comprehensive income includes the foreign currency translation adjustment and unrealized gain or loss.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The Company uses FASB ASC Topic 220, “Reporting Comprehensive Income”. Comprehensive income is comprised of net income and all changes to the statements of stockholders’ equity, except the changes in paid-in capital and distributions to stockholders due to investments by stockholders. Comprehensive income for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 included net income and foreign currency translation adjustments.

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable assets acquired in a business combination. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets", goodwill is no longer subject to amortization. Rather, goodwill is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment, applying a fair-value based test. Fair value is generally determined using a discounted cash flow analysis.

On January 5, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01 “Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”, which amends the guidance in U.S. GAAP on the classification and measurement of financial instruments. Although the ASU retains many current requirements, it significantly revises an entity’s accounting related to (1) the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and (2) the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. The ASU also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017.

On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)”, its new standard on accounting for leases. ASU 2016-02 introduces a lessee model that brings most leases on the balance sheet. The new standard also aligns many of the underlying principles of the new lessor model with those in ASC 606, the FASB’s new revenue recognition standard (e.g., those related to evaluating when profit can be recognized).

Furthermore, the ASU addresses other concerns related to the current leases model. For example, the ASU eliminates the requirement in current U.S. GAAP for an entity to use bright-line tests in determining lease classification. The standard also requires lessors to increase the transparency of their exposure to changes in value of their residual assets and how they manage that exposure. The new model represents a wholesale change to lease accounting. As a result, entities will face significant implementation challenges during the transition period and beyond, such as those related to:

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The new guidance will be effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 (e.g., calendar periods beginning on January 1, 2019), and interim periods therein.

On March 15, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-07 “Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting”, which simplifies the equity method of accounting by eliminating the requirement to retrospectively apply the equity method to an investment that subsequently qualifies for such accounting as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence. Consequently, when an investment qualifies for the equity method (as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence), the cost of acquiring the additional interest in the investee would be added to the current basis of the investor’s previously held interest and the equity method would be applied subsequently from the date on which the investor obtains the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee. The ASU further requires that unrealized holding gains or losses in accumulated other comprehensive income related to an available-for-sale security that becomes eligible for the equity method be recognized in earnings as of the date on which the investment qualifies for the equity method.

The guidance in the ASU is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years; early adoption is permitted for all entities. Entities are required to apply the guidance prospectively to increases in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence occurring after the ASU’s effective date. Additional transition disclosures are not required upon adoption.

On March 17, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net)”, which amends the principal-versus-agent implementation guidance and illustrations in the Board’s new revenue standard (ASU 2014-09). The FASB issued the ASU in response to concerns identified by stakeholders, including those related to (1) determining the appropriate unit of account under the revenue standard’s principal-versus-agent guidance and (2) applying the indicators of whether an entity is a principal or an agent in accordance with the revenue standard’s control principle. Among other things, the ASU clarifies that an entity should evaluate whether it is the principal or the agent for each specified good or service promised in a contract with a customer. As defined in the ASU, a specified good or service is “a distinct good or service (or a distinct bundle of goods or services) to be provided to the customer.” Therefore, for contracts involving more than one specified good or service, the entity may be the principal for one or more specified goods or services and the agent for others.

The ASU has the same effective date as the new revenue standard (as amended by the one-year deferral and the early adoption provisions in ASU 2015-14). In addition, entities are required to adopt the ASU by using the same transition method they used to adopt the new revenue standard.

On March 30, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09 “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting”, which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions for both public and nonpublic entities, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows.

The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods.

As of June 30, 2016, there are no other recently issued accounting standards not yet adopted that would or could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Restricted cash represents interest bearing deposits placed with banks to secure banking facilities in the form of loans and notes payable. The restriction of funds is based on time. The funds that collateralize loans are held for 60 days in a savings account that pays interest at the prescribed national daily savings account rate. For funds that under lie notes payable, the cash is deposited in six month time deposits that pay interest at the national time deposit rate.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The Company offers credit terms of between 30 to 60 days to most of their domestic customers, including supermarkets and wholesalers, around 90 days to most of their international customers, and between 0 to 15 days for most of the third-party distributors the Company works with.

Other receivables consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Advances to employees for job/travel disbursements consisted of advances to employees for transportation, meals, client entertainment, commissions, and procurement of certain raw materials. The advances issued to employees may be carried for extended periods of time because employees may spend several months out in the field working to procure new sales contracts or fulfill existing contracts.

Specifically, the company uses available employees of the purchasing department to arrange purchases with desirable chestnut or other raw material growers. However, because many of these growers are in rural farming areas of China where traditional banking and credit arrangements are difficult to implement, the Company must utilize cash purchases and also must contract for its future needs by placing a good faith deposit in cash with the growers. None of these advances to employees for delivery to the growers on behalf of the Company are “personal loans” to the employees. Advances to employees for purchase of materials in other receivables are adjusted to advances to suppliers as of June 30, 2016.

Related party receivables represented advances issued by management for job or travel disbursement in the normal course of business. The receivables had no impact on earnings. As with other employees, officers sign notes when cash is issued to them as job or travel disbursement. In order to satisfy certain criteria for obtaining the long-term loan with DEG, as noted in footnote 11, Junan Hongrun lent money to Mr. You, Huadong to purchase life insurance. Related party receivable amounts are disclosed as “other related party receivables” in other receivables.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

In September 2010, Shandong Lorain and Junan Hengji Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. ("Junan Hengji") entered into a cooperative development agreement (the "Agreement"), and in March 2011, Jiangsu Heng An Industrial Investment Group Co., Ltd. ("Heng An Investment"), an affiliated company of Junan Hengji also entered into the Agreement with Shandong Lorain to jointly develop the project with Junan Hengji. Pursuant to the Agreement, Shandong Lorain agreed to sell the Company’s interest in the amount of $7,764,577 (RMB 49,604,000) in a parcel of land located in Junan Town, Shandong Province, to construct residential buildings by Junan Hengji and Heng An Investment. The land was sold to Junan Hengji and Heng An Investment for a total sales price of RMB 69,604,000 and a guaranteed gross profit of RMB 20,000,000 without consideration of the profit or loss of the residential building project.

As of December 31, 2015, a total of RMB 42,029,955 has been received and there was an unpaid balance of RMB 27,574,045. The Company filed suit against Junan Hengji and Heng An Investment in 2014 for a claim of RMB 10,000,000, which is half of the original guaranteed profit of RMB 20,000,000. In deciding to bring suit, the Company evaluated the potential claims against Junan Hengji and Heng An Investment, disputes between the parties with respect to out of pocket expenses paid by Junan Hengji as well as the preliminary litigation fee that Shandong Lorain was required to pay to the court by based upon the amount in dispute. Shandong Lorain decided to file the lawsuit with the Linyi City Intermediate People's Court to claim a fixed return of RMB 10 million (approximately US$1,505,267).

On March 21, 2015, Shandong Lorain received the Linyi City Intermediate People's Court decision that rejected Shandong Lorain's claim for RMB 10 million against Junan Hengji and Heng An Investment. On April 3, 2015, Shandong Lorain appealed the decision to the Supreme Court of Shandong Province. The balance of the claim was deemed to be uncollectable and was written off as a loss. As of June 30, 2016, RMB 10,000,000 (US$ 1,505,267) is due and payable to the Company since the decision from the lower court does not become effective until the appeal procedure is completed or expired. In November 2015, the Supreme Court of Shandong Province vacated the decision of the Linyi Court and remanded the case back to the Linyi Court for a retrial. The retrial took place on April 25, 2016, at the Linyi City Intermediate People’s Court, and the decision thereon is currently pending.

Inventories consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Property, plant, and equipment consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

Landscaping, plants, and trees account for the orchards that the Company has developed for agricultural operations. These orchards as well as the young trees which were purchased as nursery stock are capitalized into fixed assets. The depreciation is then calculated on a 30-year straight-line method when production in commercial quantities begins. The orchards have begun production in small quantities and the Company has accounted for depreciation commencing July 1, 2010. In 2013, the Company began leasing three greenhouses to grow seasonal crops in order to lower costs.

Depreciation expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 was $ 1,848,602 and $2,014,035, respectively.

Intangible assets consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

All land in China is owned by the government. Land use rights represent the Company’s purchase of usage rights for a parcel of land for a specified duration of time, typically 50 years. Amortization expense for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 was $183,662 and $191,770, respectively.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

On August 8, 2015, the Company re-organized its French operations by merging the operations of Conserverie Minerve into its immediate parent Athena, and concurrently, Athena wound up and dissolved Conserverie Minerve. Athena subsequently changed its own legal name to Conservie Minerve and to continue its business. At the date of acquisition, the net liability of Conserverie Minerve was $3,255,911(EUR 2,968,089); the purchase consideration paid for the Athena (aka Conservie Minerve) was $2,100,000. The acquisition of Athena and its then subsidiaries gave rise to goodwill in the amount of $6,786,928. As of December 31, 2015, the surviving business entity, Conserverie Minerve, on a post-merged basis, recognized net operating losses during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. As of December 31, 2015, the Company was unable to determine if the Conserverie Minerve would be able to generate future profit and positive operating cash flows to justify the carrying value of goodwill in the amount of $6,786,928; accordingly, the Company elected to write off the goodwill in its entirety.

Bank loans include bank overdrafts, short-term bank loans, and current portion of long-term loan, which consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Bank overdrafts are collateralized by inventory.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The short-term loans, which are denominated in the functional currencies Renminbi (RMB) and Euros, were primarily obtained for general working capital. If not otherwise indicated in the below remarks, short-term loans are guaranteed by either companies within the group or personnel who hold a management role within the group.

* Note: The loans have not been repaid as of June 30, 2016.

Current portions of notes payable, debentures, and long-term debt consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The Company began repaying its loan with DEG in semi-annual installments on September 15, 2012. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company has not repaid any principal. The loan was collateralized with the following terms:

The Company is in the process of negotiating with DEG to reschedule the three installment repayments, which are currently past due.

Notes payable consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

The notes payable are guaranteed by third party guarantors.

Taxes payable consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

Accrued expenses and other payables consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Non-current portions of notes payable and debentures consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Dating back to May 3, 2007, the Company underwent a reverse-merger and a concurrent financing transaction that resulted in 24,923,178 shares of outstanding common stock that remained unchanged through December 31, 2007. In connection with the financing, the Company also issued 1,037,858 and 489,330 warrants to the PIPE investors and placement agent, respectively. During 2008, several holders of warrants issued in connection with the financing transaction exercised their rights to purchase shares at the prescribed exercise price. The holders of the warrants exercised the right to purchase a total of 360,207 shares; however, because the holders did not pay in cash for the warrants, 110,752 of those shares were cancelled as consideration in lieu of the warrant holders paying in cash. Ultimately, 249,455 of new shares were issued to those who exercised their warrant. The Company also made an adjustment to its outstanding share count for rounding errors as result of the split and reverse splits made at the time of the reverse merger. The number of shares in the adjustment was an addition of seven shares. The Company believes the adjustment of seven shares is immaterial to both prior and current earnings per share calculation.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

During the year 2009, the Company issued 56,393 shares of stock to its employees and vendors and 5,011,169 shares to investors. The Company issued 1,334,573 stock options to employees on July 28, 2009; 1,753,909 shares of Series A warrants and 501,115 shares of Series B warrants were issued to investors on October 28, 2009. As of December 31, 2015, 1,753,909 shares of Series A warrants had expired; concurrently, 501,115 shares of Series B warrants and all stock options to employees from the 2009 stock incentive program have expired.

During the year 2010, the Company issued 2,000 shares to a service provider on February 10, 2010 and 81,155 warrants to various service providers on January 5, 2010. The Company issued to investors 3,440,800 shares at an agreed price of $2.80 per share for a PIPE financing on September 10, 2010. This financing brought $8,955,730 net proceeds to the Company. The Company issued 5,000 shares to its employee on September 23, 2010. 731,707 shares of restricted stock were issued to the owner of Shandong Greenpia, Mr. Ji Zhenwei on September 24, 2010 as part of acquisition cost. As of December 31, 2015, 81,155 warrant shares issued to various service providers has expired.

For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company transferred $1,621,749 and $4,642,404, respectively, from retained earnings to statutory reserve. These transfers are to be used for future company development, recovery of losses and increase of capital, as approved, to expand production or operations.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company issued 300,000 shares to a consulting company as its financial advisor for management consulting and advisory services.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company issued 987,500 shares as stock compensation to employees and 2,355,276 shares upon conversion of the convertible promissory note to Jade Lane.

As detailed in the table below, the total number of outstanding shares at June 30, 2016 was 38,259,490 shares.

American Lorain Corporation
Capitalization Reconciliation Table

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The non-controlling interest represents the following:

Sales by categories of product consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Revenue by geography consisted of the following as of June 30, 2016 and 2015:

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

All of the Company’s operations are in the PRC, and in accordance with the relevant tax laws and regulations. The corporate income tax rate for the PRC is 25%.

The following tables provide the reconciliation of the differences between the statutory and effective tax expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Per Share Effect of Tax Exemption

The difference between the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate was as follows for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Effective January 1, 2008, the PRC government implemented a new 25% tax rate across the board for all enterprises regardless of whether domestic or foreign enterprise without any tax holiday which is defined as “two-year exemption followed by three-year half exemption” hitherto enjoyed by tax payers. As a result of the standard 25% tax rate, tax holidays were terminated as of December 31, 2007. However, PRC government has established a set of transition rules to allow enterprises that were already participating in tax holidays before January 1, 2008, to continue enjoying the tax holidays until being fully utilized.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The Company has accrued a deferred tax asset as a result of its net operating loss in as of and before December 31, 2015 because the Company planned to setup operations in the United States. The company anticipates that the operations within the United States will generate income in the future so that it will be able to take full advantage of the accrued tax asset. Accordingly the Company has not provided a valuation allowance for the accrued tax asset.

The Company’s detailed tax rates for its Chinese subsidiaries for 2016 and 2015 in the following table:

Components of basic and diluted earnings per share were as follows:

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

On July 27, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the American Lorain Corporation 2009 Incentive Stock Plan (the “Prior Plan”). The Prior Plan provided that the maximum number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued under the Plan is 2,500,000 shares. The Company’s employees, directors, and service providers were eligible to participate in the Prior Plan.

For the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company recorded a total of $166,346 of share based compensation expense. The Company issued warrants that upon exercise would result in the issuance of 1,334,573 common shares. These stock options vest equally over three years. The expense related to the stock options was $107,375. The Company also recorded expense of $58,971 for the issuance of 56,393 common shares to participants; these common shares vested immediately. Given the materiality and nature of share based compensation, the entire expense has been recorded as general and administrative expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company recorded a total of $890,209 stock option and its related general and administrative expenses.

On February 19, 2014 the Company’s board of directors approved the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (“2014 Plan”), which was approved at the annual stockholders meeting on June 9, 2014. Subject to adjustment as provided in the 2014 Plan, the total number of shares of Common Stock reserved and available for delivery in connection with awards under the 2014 Plan is 3,000,000. As of December 31, 2015, 987,500 shares were issued to employees as stock awards. The 2014 Plan replaced the Prior Plan and no additional stock awards shall be granted under the Prior Plan. All outstanding stock awards granted under the Prior Plan remain subject to the terms of the Prior Plan with respect to which they were originally granted.

No tax benefit has yet been accrued or realized. For years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company has yet to repatriate its earnings. Accordingly it has not recognized any deferred tax assets or liability in regards to benefits derived from the issuance of stock options.

For the six month period ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company did not grant any stock options.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The minimum future lease payments for this property at December 31, 2015 are shown in the following table:

The outstanding lease commitment as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was $195,669 and $242,011.

The minimum future lease payments for these properties at December 31, 2015 are shown in the following tables:

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

The outstanding lease commitments for the three greenhouses as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were $3,119,631 and $3,260,000, respectively.

The Company leases certain machinery and equipment under leases classified as capital leases. For the three months ended June 30, 2016, the Company entered into the following capital leases:

The following is a schedule showing the future minimum lease payments under capital leases together with the present value of the net minimum lease payments as of June 30, 2016:

Reflected in the balance sheet as current and noncurrent obligations under capital leases of $469,474 and $630,611, respectively.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

As of December 31, 2015, the present value of minimum lease payments due within one year is $1,159,079.

There is a lawsuit currently pending in the Linyi City Intermediate People’s Court of Shandong Province, which was initially filed by Shandong Lorain, a subsidiary of the Company, against Junan Hengji Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. ("Junan Hengji") in November 2013 at Linyi City Intermediate People's Court of Shandong Province (the "Linyi Court"). Shandong Lorain added Jiangsu Hengan Industrial Investment Group Co., Ltd. ("Heng An Investment") as a co-defendant after the case was first filed at the Linyi Court.

In September 2010, Shandong Lorain and Junan Hengji entered into a cooperative development agreement (the "Agreement") and in March 2011, Heng An Investment, an affiliated company of Junan Hengji, also entered into the Agreement with Shandong Lorain to jointly develop the project with Junan Hengji. Pursuant to the Agreement, Junan Henji and Heng An Investment are required to pay Shandong Lorain a total of RMB 20 million (approximately $3,225,806) fixed return according to the development status of the project developed by Junan Hengji and Heng An Investment. In deciding to bring suit, Shandong Lorain and the Company evaluated the potential claims against Junan Hengji and Heng An Investment, disputes between the parties with respect to out-of-pocket expenses paid by Junan Hengji, as well as the litigation fee that is required to be paid to the court based upon the amount claimed. Ultimately, Shandong Lorain decided to file the lawsuit with Linyi Court to claim a fixed return of RMB 10 million (approximately $1,540,666).

In January 2014, the Linyi Court held its first trial session. During the trial, Heng An Investment filed a counterclaim against Shandong Lorain for repayment of out-of-pocket expenses which would offset the entire fixed return plus additional unpaid expenses of RMB 4,746,927 (approximately $765,633). Shandong Lorain responded that Heng An Investment does not have standing to file the counter-claim because the out-of-pocket payments were made by Junan Hengji. In November 2014, the court held a second trial session and completed its discovery process. On March 21, 2015, Shandong Lorain received the Linyi Court's decision that rejected Shandong Lorain's claim for RMB 10,000,000 against Junan Hengji and Heng An Investment. On April 3, 2015, Shandong Lorain appealed the decision to the Supreme Court of Shandong Province.

In November 2015, the Supreme Court of Shandong Province vacated the decision of the Linyi Court and remanded the case back to the Linyi Court for a retrial. The retrial took place on April 25, 2016, at the Linyi City Intermediate People’s Court, and the decision thereon is currently pending. The Company is confident that Shandong Lorain will prevail on retrial.

In March 2015, Centre Technique Conservation of Produits Agricoles (“CTCPA”), an industry trade association for canned, preserved and dehydrated food products in France, raised issue with respect to the origin of canned chestnuts sold by Conserverie Minerve (“Minerve”, a former subsidiary of Athena). Minerve chestnuts come from a Chinese cultivar, while CTCPA stated that only chestnuts based on the European or Japanese cultivars can be used in canned chestnut products sold in France according to CTCPA policies and that canned chestnut products must also have received certification from the International Featured Standards (“IFS”), a qualified third-party certification agency in Europe that certifies food products, especially for retail industry. The Company has since shipped chestnuts based on the Japanese cultivar grown in China to Minerve and Minerve addressed the IFS certification issue and regained IFS certification on November 5, 2015. The Company initiated a reorganization proceeding with the local court in September 2015 in order to have time to obtain IFS certification and to address the CTCPA cultivar issue. The proceeding provided Minerve protection from creditors initiating any actions against Athena. The initial protection period expired in March 2016 and Minerve applied for an extension of the protection period until September 2016. The local court requested that Minerve provide proof and guarantee of cash flow before it would extend the protection period. The Company proposed that it acquire the shares held by the 49% shareholder of Minerve or, alternatively, that both shareholders of Minerve make cash contributions to Minerve proportionally so that Minerve would have sufficient cash flow to meet the court requirements. However, the minority shareholder declined to sell its shares to the Company or to contribute any cash to Minerve. As a result of this lack of cash flow, the local court ordered Minerve into the bankruptcy liquidation process on April 19, 2016.

AMERICAN LORAIN CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2016 AND DECEMBER 31, 2015
(Stated in US Dollars)

Since the Company’s inception, the age of account receivables has been less than one year, indicating that the Company is subject to minimal risk borne from credit extended to customers.

The company is subject to interest rate risk when short term loans become due and require refinancing.

The Company’s operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by changes in the political, economic, and legal environments in the PRC.

The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environment and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

The Company has procured environmental licenses required by the PRC government. The Company has both a water treatment facility for water used in its production process and secure transportation to remove waste off site. In the event of an accident, the Company has purchased insurance to cover potential damage to employees, equipment, and local environment.

Management monitors changes in prices levels. Historically inflation has not materially impacted the company’s financial statements; however, significant increases in the price of raw materials and labor that cannot be passed on the Company’s customers could adversely impact the Company’s results of operations.

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Overview

We are an integrated food manufacturing company headquartered in Shandong Province, China. We develop, manufacture and sell the following types of food products:

We conduct our production activities in China. Our products are sold in Chinese domestic markets as well as exported to foreign countries and regions such as Japan, South Korea and Europe. We derive most of our revenues from sales in China, Japan and South Korea. In 2016, our primary strategy is to continue building our brand recognition in China through consistent marketing efforts towards supermarkets, wholesalers, and significant customers; enhancing the cooperation with other manufacturers and factories; and enhancing the turnover for our existing chestnut, convenience and frozen food products. In addition, we are working to expand our marketing efforts in Asia and Europe. We currently have limited sales and marketing activity in the United States, although our long-term plan is to significantly expand our activities there. We are also working to develop new products and new sales channels.

Domestic sales in the second quarters of 2016 and 2015 were $28.6 million and $27.4 million, respectively, representing an increase of $1.2 million, or 4.4%. Domestic sales accounted for 89.4% of total net revenue as compared to 77.0% over the same period of last year. The increase in revenue is primarily due to an increase in the sales of chestnuts products in the domestic market. Sales of chestnut products benefited from our further penetration into the western provinces and cities in China, and the establishment close partnerships with local dealers.

In the coming quarters, American Lorain anticipates that demand for its traditional chestnut product line will remain stable.

Outside China, sales decreased by $4.7 million in the second quarter of 2016, to $3.5 million from $8.2 million for the same period of last year. The decrease is mainly due to a decrease in our revenue from Europe as a result of questions raised by CTCPA regarding the origin of canned chestnuts sold by Conserverie Minerve in potential contravention of CTCPA policies.

Production Factors that Affect our Financial and Operational Condition

Our business depends on obtaining a reliable supply of various agricultural products, including chestnuts, vegetables, fruits, red meat, fish, eggs, rice, flour and packaging products. During the second quarter of 2016, the cost of our raw materials and externally purchased finished goods decreased from $24.7 million to $21.7 million, as compared to the second quarter of 2015, for a decrease of approximately 12.1%. We may need to increase the number of our suppliers of raw materials and expand our own agricultural operations in the future to meet our growing production demands. Despite our efforts to control our supply of raw materials and maintain good relationships with our suppliers, we could lose one or more of our suppliers at any time. The loss of several suppliers may be difficult to replace and could increase our reliance on higher cost or lower quality suppliers, which could negatively affect our profitability. In addition, if we need to increase the number of our suppliers of raw materials in the future to meet our growing production demands, we may not be able to locate new suppliers who could provide us with sufficient materials to meet our needs. Any interruptions to, or decline in, the amount or quality of our raw materials supply could materially disrupt our production and adversely affect our business and financial condition and prospects.

Seasonality

Chestnut season in China lasts from September to January. We purchase and produce raw chestnuts during these months and store them in our refrigerated storage facilities throughout the year. Once we obtain a purchase order during the rest of the year, we remove the chestnuts from storage, process them and ship them within one day of production. Since most chestnuts are produced and sold in the fourth quarter, the Company generally performs best in the fourth quarter.

Uncertainties that Affect our Financial Condition

We spend a significant amount of cash on our operations, principally to procure raw materials for our products. Many of our suppliers, including chestnut, vegetable and fruit farmers, and suppliers of packaging materials, require that we prepay for their supplies in cash or pay on the same day that such supplies are delivered to us. However, some of the suppliers with whom we have a long-standing business relationship allow us to pay on credit. We fund the majority of our working capital requirements out of cash flow generated from operations. If we fail to generate sufficient sales, or if our suppliers stop offering us credit on favorable terms, we may not have sufficient liquidity to fund our operating costs and our business could be adversely affected.

We funded approximately 29.7% of our working capital from the proceeds of short-term loans from Chinese banks in the second quarter of 2016, as compared to 39.4% over the same period last year. We expect to continue to fund our working capital requirements with such loans in the future. Such loans are generally secured by our fixed assets, receivables and/or guarantees by third parties. Our balance of short-term bank loans as of June 30, 2016 was approximately $29.7 million. The term of almost all such loans is one year or less. Historically, we have rolled over such loans on an annual basis. However, commencing in 2010, the Chinese government began implementing more stringent credit policies to curb inflation and soaring property prices. These new policies could negatively impact our ability to obtain or roll over these short term loans, and hence our possession of sufficient available funds to pay all of our borrowings upon maturity. Failure to roll over our short-term borrowings at maturity or to service our debt could result in the imposition of penalties, including increases in rates of interest, legal actions against us by our creditors, or even insolvency. We can provide no assurances that we will be able to enter into any future financing or refinancing agreements on terms favorable to us, especially considering the current instability of the capital markets.

We anticipate that our existing capital resources, and cash flows from operations and current and expected short-term bank loans, will be adequate to satisfy our liquidity requirements for 2016. However, if our available liquidity is not sufficient to meet our operating and loan obligations as they come due, our plans include obtaining alternative financing arrangements or further reducing expenditures as necessary to meet our cash requirements. There is no assurance that, if required, we will be able to raise additional capital on favorable terms or reduce discretionary spending to provide the required liquidity. Currently, the capital markets for small capitalization companies are extremely difficult and banking institutions have become stringent in their lending requirements. Accordingly, we cannot be sure of the availability or terms of any third-party financing.

Our business, operating results and financial condition will be adversely affected in the event of unfavorable economic conditions, including the ongoing global economy and capital markets disruptions. For example, we may experience declines in revenues, profitability and cash flows as a result of reduced orders, delays in receiving orders, delays or defaults in payment or other factors caused by the economic problems of our customers and prospective customers. We may experience supply chain delays, disruptions or other problems associated with financial constraints faced by our suppliers and subcontractors. In addition, changes and volatility in the equity, credit and foreign exchange markets and in the competitive landscape make it increasingly difficult for us to predict our revenues and earnings into the future.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2015

The following table summarizes the results of our operations during the three month periods ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015, respectively and provides information regarding the dollar and percentage increase or (decrease) from the three month period ended June 30, 2016 compared to the three month period ended June 30, 2015.

(All amounts, other than percentages, stated in U.S. dollar)

Revenue

Net Revenues. Our net revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2016 amounted to $32.0 million, which represents a decrease of approximately $3.5 million, or 10.0%, from the three month period ended on June 30, 2015, in which our net revenue was $35.5 million. The overall decrease was primarily attributable to the decrease in sales in the convenience and frozen food segments, as reflected in the following table:

Net revenue from chestnut products increased in second quarter of 2016. This increase is mainly attributable to the fact we have focused our promotional efforts on two products: open-bottom chestnuts and chestnut millet. These products are typically consumed year-round, have less seasonal volatility and have higher profit margins than other chestnut products. These products have been quite popular in the second quarter of 2016, and we believe that they will contribute higher revenues and profit margins in future.

Cost of Revenues. During the three months ended June 30, 2016, we experienced a decrease in cost of revenue of $3.6 million, in comparison to the three months ended June 30, 2015, from approximately $29.7 million to $26.1 million, reflecting a decrease of approximately 12.3%. The decrease of cost of revenues was due to the decrease of net revenue.

Gross Profit. Our gross profit increased $0.1 million, or 2.0%, to $5.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $5.8 million for the same period in 2015. Our gross margins increased from 16.3% to 18.5%. The increase in profit margins was primarily attributable to the proportional increase in our sales of chestnuts products having higher profit margins, which increased from 42.9% to 49.7% as a percentage of total revenue.

Operating Expenses

Selling and Marketing Expenses. Our selling and marketing expenses increased $0.5 million during the second quarter of 2016, as compared to the same period in 2015. The following table shows the main expense items:

Main Items Selling and Marketing Expenses in the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2016

General and Administrative Expenses. We experienced a decrease in general and administrative expenses of $3.5 million, from approximately $4.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015, to $1.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016. The decrease was mainly due to the deconsolidation of Minerve as Minerve went into the bankruptcy liquidation process in the current period. General and administrative expenses of Minerve were $1.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2015. In addition, the Company issued 987,500 shares as stock compensation to employees and directors during the three months ended June 30, 2015, for which we recorded an expense amounting to $1.3 million.

Interest Expense

Interest expense decreased $1.1 million, to $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $1.9 million for the same period of 2015. The decrease was mainly attributable to the decrease of interest-bearing loan facilities in the three months ended June 30, 2016.

Income Before Taxation

Income before taxation and non-controlling interest increased $1.6 million, to $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $0.6 million loss for the same period of 2015. The increase was mainly attributable to the decrease of general and administrative expenses and interest expense in the three months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015.

Income Taxes

Income taxes remained constant at $0.8 million in the second quarter of 2016, as compared to the second quarter of 2015.

Net Income

Net income increased by $1.5 million to $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $1.4 million losses for the same period of 2015. The increase was primarily attributable to the decrease in general and administrative expenses and interest expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2015.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2015

The following table summarizes the results of our operations during the six month periods ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015, respectively, and provides information regarding the dollar and percentage increase or (decrease) from the six month period ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six month period ended June 30, 2015.

(All amounts, other than percentages, stated in U.S. dollar)

Revenue

Net revenues. Our net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2016 totaled $63.7 million, which represents a decrease of approximately $9.4 million, or 12.8%, from the six month period ended on June 30, 2015, in which our net revenue was $73.1 million. The overall decrease was mainly attributable to the decrease in sales in our convenience food and frozen food segments, as reflected in the following table:

Net revenue from chestnuts products increased in the six months ended June 30 2016, is mainly attributable to the fact we have focused our promotional efforts on two products: open-bottom chestnuts and chestnut millet. These products are typically consumed year-round, have less seasonal volatility and have higher profit margins than other chestnut products. They have been quite popular in the second quarter of 2016, and we believe that they will contribute higher revenues and profit margins in the future.

Cost of Revenues. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, we experienced a decrease in cost of revenue of $9.7 million, in comparison to the six months ended June 30, 2015, from approximately $61.7 million to $52.0 million, reflecting a decrease of 15.8%. The decrease of cost of revenues was due to the decrease of net revenues.

Gross Profit. Our gross profit increased $0.4 million, or 3.4%, to $11.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $11.4 million for the same period in 2015. Our gross margins increased from 15.6% to 18.5%. The increase in profit margins was primarily attributable to the proportional increase in our sales of chestnuts products having higher profit margins, which increased from 42.8% to 51.9% as a percentage of total revenue.

Operating Expenses

Selling and Marketing Expenses. Our selling and marketing expenses increased $0.4 million during the six months ending 2015, as compared to the same period over last year. The following table reflects the main expense items:

Main Items in Selling and Marketing Expense in the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2016