Porter Holding International, Inc. - Annual Report: 2019 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2019

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to _____________

Commission File No. 333-196336

PORTER HOLDING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

36th Floor, Shenzhen Development Center, #2010, Renmin South Road

Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 518001

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

86-755-22230666

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:: None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.                

Yes ☐   No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.           

Yes ☐   No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.          

Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).                                                   

     Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

     Large Accelerated Filer       ☐                             Accelerated Filer                  ☐   

     Non-Accelerated Filer         ☐                             Smaller reporting company  ☒

     Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐    No☒

As of June 28, 2019 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter), the aggregate market value of the shares of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates (based upon the last sale price of $4.00 per share) was approximately $192.39 million. Shares of the registrant’s common stock beneficially held by each executive officer and director and by each person who owns 10% or more of the outstanding common stock have been excluded from the calculation in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates of the registrant. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

There were a total of 508,110,000 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of April 22, 2020.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

None.

PORTER HOLDING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

Annual Report on Form 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements 

In addition to historical information, this report contains forward-looking statements. We use words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “target,” “plan,” “optimistic,” “intend,” “aim,” “will” or similar expressions which are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements include, among others, those concerning market and industry segment growth; any projections of earnings, revenue, margins or other financial items; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; as well as all assumptions, expectations, predictions, intentions or beliefs about future events. You are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, including those identified in this annual report, as well as assumptions, which, if they were to ever materialize or prove incorrect, could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.

Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this report and our other filings with the SEC. These reports attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and prospects. The forward-looking statements made in this report speak only as of the date hereof and we disclaim any obligation to provide updates, revisions or amendments to any forward-looking statements to reflect changes in our expectations or future events.

Use of Terms

Except as otherwise indicated by the context and for the purposes of this report only, references in this report to:

PART I

Our Corporate History and Background

We were incorporated in the State of Nevada on September 5, 2013. Our original business plan was to sell freshly squeezed juices from mobile stands in London, United Kingdom, but this business was not successful, and we did not generate any revenue from this business.

On April 7, 2017, we completed the acquisition of PGL and as a result, PGL became our wholly-owned subsidiary and the former shareholders of PGL became the holders of approximately 98.4% of our issued and outstanding capital stock on a fully-diluted basis. We changed our name to Porter Holding International, Inc. on May 8, 2017 to more accurately reflect our new business. For accounting purposes, the transaction with PGL was treated as a reverse acquisition, with PGL as the acquirer and the Company as the acquired party. Unless the context suggests otherwise, when we refer in this report to business and financial information for periods prior to the consummation of the reverse acquisition, we are referring to the business and financial information of PGL and its consolidated subsidiaries.

As described below in more detail, through our PRC VIEs that have contractual arrangements with PGL’s subsidiary, Qianhai Porter, we are at the early stage of developing our O2O (Online to Offline) business and our goal is to become a leading innovative O2O business platform operator providing both online E-commerce and offline physical business facilities to our customers.

Our Corporate Structure

PRC laws and regulations prohibit or restrict foreign ownership of companies that operate Internet information and content, Internet access, online games, mobile, value added telecommunications and certain other businesses in which we are engaged or could be deemed to be engaged.  Consequently, we conduct certain of our operations and businesses in the PRC through our VIEs.

PGL, a Seychelles holding company, was formed on October 13, 2016. The share capital of the company is $50,000 divided into 500,000,000 ordinary shares of $0.0001 par value each. On December 6, 2016, the authorized and issued capital of PGL increased to $725,000 divided into 7,250,000,000 shares with a par value of $0.0001 each. PGL was owned and controlled by the same control group as PPBGL and Portercity.

On November 29, 2016, Mr. Zongiian Chen, the sole shareholder of PPBGL, transferred 100% of the outstanding shares of PPBGL to PGL. The share transfer has been accounted for as a common control transaction. Other than its 100% ownership of PPBGL, PGL has no significant assets and no other business operations.

PPBGL was incorporated in Hong Kong on September 21, 2016 as a company with limited liability as an investment holding company. Upon incorporation, PPBGL issued 1 ordinary share at HK$1. Also, on September 21, 2016, an additional 9,999 ordinary shares were issued, and Mr. Zongjian Chen held all the 10,000 ordinary shares of PPBGL on behalf of the original investors of Portercity. PPBGL is currently controlled by Mr. Zongjian Chen and other investors and has no significant assets or business operations.

Qianhai Porter was incorporated in the PRC as a wholly foreign-owned enterprise with limited liability on November 21, 2016. Qianhai Porter was set up by PPBGL. Qianhai Porter was incorporated to control the shareholders’ voting interests in Portercity and become the primary beneficiary of Portercity and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Porter E-Commerce, Porter Consulting and Porter Commercial.

Portercity was held by Mr. Zonghua Chen (brother of Mr. Zongjian Chen) and Ms. Xiaomei Xiong (spouse of Mr. Zongjian Chen) on behalf of other investors, including Mr. Zonghua Chen himself.

On December 1, 2016, Portercity acquired a 100% equity interest in Porter Consulting, from Shenzhen Porter Holdings Co., Ltd., for a cash consideration of $144,154 (RMB1,000,000).

In August 2019, Porter E-Commerce acquired 60% of the equity interest in Maihuolang E-Commerce, which is engaged in the business of online e-commerce. In October 2019, shareholders of Maihuolang E-Commerce reached an agreement to increase the registered capital of Maihuolang E-Commerce from RMB 5,000,000 (approximately $718,205) to RMB 5,263,157 (approximately $756,005), and such additional registered capital was contributed by Maihuolang (Beijing) Technology Development Co., Ltd., an entity controlled by a minority shareholder of Maihuolang E-Commerce, Mr. Kezhan Ma. Consequently, Porter E-Commerce’s equity interest in Maihuolang E-Commerce was reduced to 57%.

On December 15, 2016, our indirectly wholly-owned Chinese subsidiary, Qianhai Porter, Portercity and the shareholders of Portercity entered into the following commercial arrangements, or collectively, VIE Agreements, pursuant to which we have contractual rights to control and operate the businesses of Portercity and Portercity’s three Chinese subsidiaries, Porter E-Commerce, Porter Consulting and Porter Commercial:

The foregoing description of the VIE Agreements is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the VIE Agreements, a copy of each of the VIE Agreements is incorporated by reference as Exhibits 10.1 through 10.4 hereto.

As a result of the above contractual arrangements, or the Contractual Arrangements, we maintain substantial control over the VIEs’ daily operations and financial affairs, election of their senior executives and all matters requiring shareholder approval.  Furthermore, as the primary beneficiary of the VIEs, we are entitled to consolidate the financial results of the VIEs in our own consolidated financial statements under Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) Topic 810 and related subtopics related to the consolidation of variable interest entities, or ASC Topic 810.

In the opinion of Guang Dong LianRui Law Firm, our PRC legal counsel:

However, we have been further advised by our PRC legal counsel, Guang Dong LianRui Law Firm, that there are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of current and future PRC laws, rules and regulations. Accordingly, the PRC regulatory authorities may, in the future, take a view that is contrary to the opinion of our PRC legal counsel. We have been further advised by our PRC legal counsel that if the PRC government finds that the agreements that establish the structure for operating our Internet-based business do not comply with PRC government restrictions on foreign investment in the aforesaid business we engage in, we could be subject to severe penalties including being prohibited from continuing operations. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Commercial Relationship with VIEs.”

The chart below presents our corporate structure as of the date of this report:

Our principal executive offices are located at 36th Floor, Shenzhen Development Center, #2010, Renmin South Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 518001. The telephone number at our principal executive office is 86-755-22230666.

Our Business 

With the development of mobile Internet, e-commerce, social networks, physical stores and the coming of big data economy era, the online and offline worlds are becoming increasingly more integrated. The Online to Offline (O2O) business model that contains the original business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C) and consumer-to-consumer (C2C) is in the rapid development., O2O is no longer a one-way consumption model, which neither merely guides traditional purchasers to consume online nor only leads online consumers to enjoy offline experience or service.

However, the O2O commerce solutions industry in China is still in its early stages of development and is heavily fragmented with a wide range of services being introduced. The O2O category stretches to include on-demand services like Didi Chuxing, the Chinese equivalent of Uber, Meituan and Dianping, China’s Groupon and Yelp, as well as click-and-collect services offered by traditional brick-and-mortar retailers. In China O2O also covers all manner of services that might not be cost effective to offer in Western markets, including pick-up dry cleaning, home haircuts or wholesale and fresh market delivery services.

We are a commercial platform provider that offers “O2O (Network + Entity) * Services” and only focus on commodities and merchants. First, we provide commodities with concrete platforms and operation in terms of online marketing coverage and offline marketing services. The online marketing coverage refers to services such as global display of commodities information, sales, procurement and payment. The offline marketing services include offline storage, logistics, distribution, exhibition, order, wholesale, retail, brokerage, purchasing and after-sales services, which can certainly be synchronized with the online marketing coverage.

Secondly, we provide merchants with concrete platforms and operation in terms of online marketing coverage and offline marketing services. The online marketing coverage for merchants refers to services such as global promotion of corporate brand & image of merchants, layout of distributor and agency channels, sharing of supply and demand information, creation of commercial credit, recruitment of talents. The offline marketing services are offered to merchants with value-added services such as brand marketing, financial services, credit guarantees, capital market access and public listing, training, education, summits, government relations, and third-party professional services referrals.

Specifically, we are currently developing and plan to provide following core products and services to our customers:

1. Our PT37.com platform (also known as “platform business opportunity” with ICP qualification, established and went into operation at 2009), is a commercial cloud platform, in which all kinds of global small and medium-sized enterprises can apply for access and obtain services free of charge. It is a professional information-supply-and-demand platform with high degree of flexibility, in which enterprises could achieve enterprise informatization within a short time. Through the platform, the enterprises can internally realize IMIS information management and externally release information, display product and services. At present, the categories of products on the pt37.com platform include books, videos, instruments, household appliances, electronic products, home furniture, clothing, automobiles, toys, food and beauty. Each category could be further divided into sub-categories with various search criteria and parameters, allowing merchants to accurately search for information and increase the relevance of searched results. Currently, there are millions of member companies registered on the platform. We do not charge them but we will select high-quality merchant customers based on the transaction volume to enter our O2O platform for operation. In other words, this is a customer resources screening pool as well as the starting point of our “O2O (Network + Entity) * Services” business model.

2. Our 17yugo.com platform (also known as: Porter E-Mall, with ICP qualifications, established and went into operation at 2018) is the online section of our “O2O (Network + Entity) * Services” business model. Currently hundreds of merchants have been selected from member enterprises and thousands of goods of origin have been stationed. In the future, these merchants and products will be stationed in offline Port City simultaneously, and the layout of Porter E-Mall will be synchronized with the physical Port City.

3. Our Port City platform is offline section of our “O2O (Network + Entity) * Services” business model. Regional center cities are top choices of Port City, which may cover more than 1 million square meters. Each Port City will have functions including exhibition, brokerage, procurement, wholesale, order, hotel, conference, warehousing, logistics, distribution and payment. At the same time, within the 200-kilometer range around the Potter City, the traditional 50-square-meter physical stores will be upgraded to form “satellite” physical stores in Porter City with in-depth sales and other services.

Port City platform is built by third parties or through cooperation with third-party property owners. We conduct management and profit earning through operating the platform. The first physical Port City is currently under construction, and the upgrades of nearly thousands of “satellite” stores have been completed.

4. Our payment platform is dedicated to the development of internet software and hardware services for enterprises and individuals. At present, the external services include Internet payment, mobile payment, POS machine receipt, electronic technology development, and Internet marketing services, while the internal services are to provide payment services for our own O2O platform.

Since 2017, we have carried out a large number of value-added services for all of our merchant members and customers based on the simultaneous operation of the “O2O (Network + Entity) * Services” business model, and thus earned revenues. In 2017, by collecting conference fees, we organized member companies to conduct new economic summits and forums to preach and disseminate our “O2O (Network + Entity) * Services” business model. In 2018, we began to screen member merchant enterprises to enter our O2O platform, and provided them with “O2O (Network + Entity) * Services” commercial operation services. For those qualified enterprises, we offer public listing consulting services, which help us achieve good returns. At the beginning of 2019, we began to expand the global trade and commodity import and export business of the stationed enterprises.

Investment and Corporate Management Consulting Services

According to the development demand and future goals of our customers, in 2018 we started to offer a series of services such as business planning, financial guidance, business matching and guidance for listing primarily in the United States. At present, in our customer pool, many small and medium-sized enterprises have increased their public awareness. They are seeking the potential advantages of being a listed company and striving for obtaining the recognition of international capital to accelerate their corporate expansion. But many enterprises themselves may not be familiar with the listing requirements, laws and regulations of different capital markets, and the process of obtaining financing from overseas markets.

In order to help our customers who intend to access to the overseas capital market, we have a team of experienced professionals who have professional knowledge of the listing rules and regulations of various capital markets. We will make full use of our expertise and resources in the capital markets to assist these customers to achieve their goals.

Starting from the second quarter of 2018, through Portercity and Porter Commercial, we have been providing investment and corporate management consulting services to our clients, especially those who have the intention to be publicly listed in the stock exchanges in the United States and other countries. We categorize our consulting services into three phases:

Each phase of consulting services is standalone and fees associated with each phase are usually clearly identified in service agreements. Revenue from providing Phase I and Phase II consulting services to customers is recognized based on the output methods, including surveys of performance completed to date or milestones reached of each phase only when the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Otherwise, such revenue is recognized at a point in time when services are delivered and accepted by customers. Revenue from providing Phase III consulting services to customers is recognized upon completion of reverse merger transaction or IPO transaction, which is evidenced by filing of 8-K for reverse merger transaction or receipt of effective notice from regulatory agencies for IPO transaction. Revenue that has been billed and not yet recognized is reflected as deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheets.

Depending on the complexity of the underlying service arrangement and related terms and conditions, significant judgments, assumptions and estimates may be required to determine when substantial delivery of contract elements has occurred, whether any significant ongoing obligations exist subsequent to contract execution, whether amounts due are collectible and the appropriate period or periods in which, or during which, the completion of the earnings process occurs. Depending on the magnitude of specific revenue arrangements, adjustment may be made to the judgments, assumptions and estimates regarding contracts in any specific period.

On June 28, 2018, Portercity and Mr. Zhibo Mao established Weifang Portercity in Weifang, Shandong Province, the PRC, with a registered capital of RMB1,000,000 (approximately $146,000). Portercity and Mr. Zhibo Mao hold 60% and 40% equity interest in Weifang Portercity, respectively. Weifang Portercity engages in the business of providing various consulting services to its clients, especially to those who have the intention to be publicly listed in the stock exchanges in the United States and other countries. As of December 31, 2019, Weifang Portercity has not commenced operations.

In August 2019, Porter E-Commerce acquired 60% of the equity interest in Maihuolang E-Commerce. In October 2019, as a result of the increase in registered capital contributed by the non-controlling interest shareholder, Porter E-Commerce’s equity interest in Maihuolang E-Commerce was changed to 57%.

Training services

Starting from the first quarter of 2019, the Company, via PPBGL, Maihuolang E-Commerce and Porter Commercial, provides various training services to its clients, primarily related to e-commerce platform operation, expansion of channels and other promotion strategies, and capital market operation, via live and online sessions. In order to recognize revenue, the Company is required to identify an approved contract with commitments to perform respective obligations, identify rights of each party in the transaction regarding goods to be transferred, identify the payment terms for the goods transferred, verify that the contract has commercial substance and verify that collection of substantially all consideration is probable. The fees associated with the course of training sessions are clearly identified in service agreements. Training service revenue is recognized at the time when the training sessions stipulated in the contract are completed.

Our Customers

Currently, through our VIE entity, Porter Consulting, we partner with China Payment, a third-party online payment service provider, to promote China Payment’s online payment platform to companies and businesses in Shenzhen and in return share a portion of the processing fees earned by China Payment as commission. 

In addition, Porter Consulting partners with Shenzhen Zhongfu, a third-party online payment service provider, under which Porter Consulting agreed to promote Shenzhen Zhongfu’s online payment platform, including the Point of Sale (POS) system, to companies and businesses in China and in return obtain a certain amount of commission based on the volume of trading through such online payment platform.

Starting from the second quarter of 2018, through Portercity and Porter Commercial, we have been providing investment and corporate management consulting services to our clients, especially those who have the intention to be publicly listed in the stock exchanges in the United States and other countries. They are usually small and medium-sized enterprises based in China.

Our Intellectual Property

The following table illustrates the title of different software copyrights that our VIEs own, their certificate numbers, first publication dates, and certificate issuance dates. We regard our software copyrights important to our success and our competitive position.  Using these software, our merchant clients can post and offer products to their customers over our online marketplace.  In addition, such software will allow us to analyze online businesses’ operational data and customers’ consumption data and provide value-added data analysis services to our merchant customers to help them manage their business operations, sales channel and customer expansion.

We have also registered the following trademarks in China:

Our affiliated entity, Maihuolang E-Commerce, also holds additional 54 trademarks.

We registered www.17yugo.com and www.pt37.com as our domain names on March 16, 2010 and September 16, 2008, respectively.

Our Competition

Our O2O competitors in China include (i) major e-commerce companies, such as Alibaba Group, which operates taobao.com and tmall.com, and JD.com, Inc.; (2) major traditional brick and mortar shopping centers that aim to offer a one-stop shopping experience, such as Walmart China supercenters and Mixc malls. We believe that the principal competitive factors in our industry include network coverage, brand recognition and reputation, product quality, selection and pricing and quality of customer service.  While many of our current or potential competitors have substantially greater financial and technical resources, longer operating histories and more established brand names and relationships than we do, we are confident that our business model will offer our customers one-stop services at a relatively low price and accordingly enhance our competitive position.

Regulation

Because all of our operating entities are located in the PRC, we are regulated by the national and local laws of the PRC. This section summarizes the major PRC regulations relating to our business.

The Telecommunications Regulations

The Telecommunications Regulations, promulgated by the PRC State Council on September 25, 2000 and amended on February 6, 2016, or the Telecom Regulations, set out the general framework under which domestic Chinese companies such as the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and VIEs may engage in various types of telecommunications services in the PRC.  The Telecom Regulations defines value-added telecommunications services as telecommunications and information services provided through public networks. Pursuant to the Telecom Regulations, commercial operators of value-added telecommunications services must first obtain an operating license from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, or its provincial level counterparts.

The Catalog of Telecommunications Business, or the Catalog, which was issued as an attachment to the Telecom Regulations and last updated on June 6, 2019, further categorizes value-added telecommunication services into two classes: Class 1 value-added telecommunication services and Class 2 value-added telecommunication services. Online data processing and transaction processing business and Information services provided via internet fall within Class 2 value-added telecommunications services.

On July 3, 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology amended the Measures on the Administration of Telecommunications Business Operating Permits, or the Telecom License Measures, which became effective on September 1, 2017, to supplement the Telecom Regulations. The Telecom License Measures sets forth the types of licenses required to operate value-added telecommunications services and the qualifications and procedures for obtaining such licenses. The Telecom License Measures also provides that an operator providing value-added services in multiple provinces is required to obtain an inter-regional license, whereas an operator providing value-added services in one province is required to obtain an intra-provincial license. Any telecommunication services operator must conduct its business in accordance with the specifications in its license.

In addition, the Chinese government restricts foreign investment in Internet-related businesses.  Accordingly, we operate our Internet-related businesses in China through Portercity, our VIE operating in Shenzhen China.

Regulations Relating to Foreign Investment

The Guidance Catalogue of Industries for Foreign Investment, or the Catalogue, was promulgated and has been amended from time to time by the Ministry of Commerce and the National Development and Reform Commission. In Catalogue, Industries for foreign investment are divided into three categories: encouraged, restricted and prohibited.  Establishment of wholly foreign-owned enterprises is generally allowed in encouraged industries. Some restricted industries are limited to equity or contractual joint ventures, while in some cases Chinese partners are required to hold the majority interests in such joint ventures. In addition, restricted category projects are subject to higher-level government approvals. Foreign investors are not allowed to invest in industries in the prohibited category. Industries not listed in the Catalogue are generally open to foreign investment unless specifically restricted by other PRC regulations.

In June 2019, the Ministry of Commerce and the National Development and Reform Commission promulgated the Special Management Measures (Negative List) for the Access of Foreign Investment, or the Negative List, effective July 30, 2019. Foreign investment in value-added telecommunication business (excluding e-commerce business, domestic multi-party communications services, store and forward services and call center services) falls within the Negative List.

On March 15, 2019, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress passed the Foreign Investment Law of PRC, which took effect on January 1, 2020. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on China-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures, the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprises, and the Law of the People’s Republic of China on China-Foreign Contractual Joint Ventures were replaced at the same time. On December 26, 2019, the Regulation on the Implementation of the Foreign Investment Law of the PRC, was issued by the State Council and came into force on January 1, 2020. The Foreign Investment Law of PRC adopts the mechanism of the negative list to regulate foreign investment. A foreign investor may not invest in a field which is prohibited by the foreign investment access negative list from investment. To invest in a field restricted by the foreign investment access negative list from investment, a foreign investor shall meet the investment conditions set out in the negative list.

In light of the above restrictions and requirements, we conduct our business through our consolidated VIEs.

Under PRC law, the establishment of a wholly foreign owned enterprise is subject to the approval of the Ministry of Commerce or its local counterparts and the wholly foreign owned enterprise must register with the competent industry and commerce bureau.

Foreign Investment in Value-Added Telecommunications Businesses

The Regulations for Administration of Foreign-invested Telecommunications Enterprises promulgated by the PRC State Council in December 2001 and subsequently amended in February 2016 set forth detailed requirements with respect to capitalization, investor qualifications and application procedures in connection with the establishment of a foreign-invested telecommunications enterprise. These regulations prohibit a foreign entity from owning more than 50% of the total equity interest in any value-added telecommunications service business in China and require the major foreign investor in any value-added telecommunications service business in China have a good and profitable record and operating experience in this industry.

The Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services

The governing law for Internet information service is the Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services, or the Internet Content Provider (“ICP”) Measures, which went into effect on September 25, 2000. Under the ICP Measures, any entity that provides information to online Internet users must obtain an operating license from Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (“MIIT”) or its local branch at the provincial level in accordance with the Telecom Regulations described above.

The ICP Measures further stipulate that entities providing online information services in areas of news, publishing, education, medicine, health, pharmaceuticals and medical equipment must obtain permission from responsible national authorities prior to applying for an operating license from MIIT or its local branch at the provincial or municipal level. Moreover, ICPs must display their operating license numbers in a conspicuous location on their websites.  ICPs must police their websites to remove categories of harmful content that are broadly defined. Currently, our VIE, Portercity holds an ICP license which was renewed on December 10, 2019, expiring on December 10, 2024.

Internet Information Security and Online Privacy

Chinese law does not prohibit internet service providers from collecting and analyzing personal information from their users if the users agree to do so. The PRC government, however, has the power and authority to order internet service providers to submit personal information of an internet user if such user posts any prohibited content or engages in illegal activities on the internet.

On November 7, 2016, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee issued the Network Security Law of the People’s Republic of China, or the Network Security Law, which took effect as of June 1, 2017. The Network Security Law is formulated to maintain the network security, safeguard the cyberspace sovereignty, national security and public interests, protect the lawful rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and requires that a network operator, which includes, among others, internet information services providers, take technical measures and other necessary measures in accordance with the provisions of applicable laws and regulations as well as the compulsory requirements of the national and industrial standards to safeguard the safe and stable operation of the networks, effectively respond to the network security incidents, prevent illegal and criminal activities, and maintain the integrity, confidentiality and availability of network data. The Network Security Law emphasizes that any individuals and organizations that use networks is required to comply with the PRC Constitution and laws, abide by public order and cannot endanger network security or make use of networks to engage in unlawful activities such as endangering national security, economic order and social order, and infringing the reputation, privacy, intellectual property rights and other lawful rights and interests of other people. Any violation of the provisions and requirements under the Network Security Law may subject the Internet service provider to warnings, fines, confiscation of illegal gains, revocation of licenses, cancellation of filings, closedown of websites or even criminal liabilities.

Under the Several Provisions on Regulating the Market Order of Internet Information Services (“Order”) promulgated by the MIIT which became effective on March 15, 2012, internet service providers may not, without a user’s consent, collect the user’s personal information that can be used, alone or in combination with other information, to identify the user, and may not provide any user’s personal information to third parties without the prior consent of the user. Internet service providers may only collect users’ personal information necessary to provide their services and must expressly inform the users of the method, scope and purpose of the collection and processing of such information. They are also required to ensure the proper security of users’ personal information and take immediate remedial measures, if such information is suspected to have been inappropriately disclosed. When a User registers to our application, we require our users to accept a user agreement whereby they agree to provide certain personal information to us.

ICPs are also required to establish and publish their rules relating to personal information collection or use, keep any collected information strictly confidential, and take technological and other measures to maintain the security of such information. ICP operators are required to cease any collection or use of the user personal information, and de-register the relevant user account, when a given user stops using the relevant Internet service. ICP operators are further prohibited from divulging, distorting or destroying any such personal information, or selling or providing such information unlawfully to other parties. In addition, if an ICP operator appoints an agent to undertake any marketing and technical services that involve the collection or use of personal information, the ICP operator is still required to supervise and manage the protection of the information. As to penalties, in very broad terms, the Order states that violators may face warnings, fines, and disclosure to the public and, in most severe cases, criminal liability.

The Guidelines jointly released by ten PRC regulatory agencies in July 2015 purport, among other things, to require service providers to improve technology security standards, and safeguard user and transaction information. The Guidelines also prohibit service providers from illegally selling or disclosing users’ personal information. Pursuant to the Ninth Amendment to the Criminal Law issued by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress in August 2015, which became effective in November 2015, any internet service provider that fails to fulfill the obligations related to internet information security administration as required by applicable laws and refuses to rectify upon orders is subject to criminal penalty for the result of (i) any dissemination of illegal information in large scale; (ii) any severe effect due to the leakage of the client’s information; (iii) any serious loss of criminal evidence; or (iv) other severe situation, and any individual or entity that (i) sells or provides personal information to others in a way violating the applicable law, or (ii) steals or illegally obtain any personal information is subject to criminal penalty in severe situation. We will take measures as necessary to comply with these provisions.

Foreign Currency Exchange

Under the Foreign Currency Administration Rules promulgated in 1996 and revised in 1997, and various regulations issued by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) and other relevant PRC government authorities, RMB is convertible into other currencies without prior approval from SAFE only to the extent of current account items, such as trade related receipts and payments, interest and dividends and after complying with certain procedural requirements. The conversion of RMB into other currencies and remittance of the converted foreign currency outside PRC for the purpose of capital account items, such as direct equity investments, loans and repatriation of investment, requires the prior approval from SAFE or its local office. Payments for transactions that take place within China must be made in RMB. Unless otherwise approved, PRC companies must repatriate foreign currency payments received from abroad. Foreign-invested enterprises may retain foreign exchange in accounts with designated foreign exchange banks subject to a cap set by SAFE or its local office. Unless otherwise approved, domestic enterprises must convert all of their foreign currency proceeds into RMB.

On October 21, 2005, SAFE issued the Notice on Issues Relating to the Administration of Foreign Exchange in Fund-raising and Reverse Investment Activities of Domestic Residents Conducted via Offshore Special Purpose Companies, which became effective as of November 1, 2005. According to the notice, a special purpose company, or SPV, refers to an offshore company established or indirectly controlled by PRC residents for the special purpose of carrying out financing of their assets or equity interest in PRC domestic enterprises. Prior to establishing or assuming control of an SPV, each PRC resident, whether a natural or legal person, must complete the overseas investment foreign exchange registration procedures with the relevant local SAFE branch. The notice applies retroactively. As a result, PRC residents who have established or acquired control of these SPVs that previously made onshore investments in China were required to complete the relevant overseas investment foreign exchange registration procedures by March 31, 2006. These PRC residents must also amend the registration with the relevant SAFE branch in the following circumstances: (i) the PRC residents have completed the injection of equity investment or assets of a domestic company into the SPV; (ii) the overseas funding of the SPV has been completed; (iii) there is a material change in the capital of the SPV. Under the rules, failure to comply with the foreign exchange registration procedures may result in restrictions being imposed on the foreign exchange activities of the violator, including restrictions on the payment of dividends and other distributions to its offshore parent company, and may also subject the violators to penalties under the PRC foreign exchange administration regulations.

On August 29, 2008, SAFE promulgated Circular 142 which regulates the conversion by a foreign-funded enterprise of foreign currency into RMB by restricting how the converted RMB may be used. In addition, SAFE promulgated Circular 45 on November 9, 2011 in order to clarify the application of Circular 142. Under Circular 142 and Circular 45, the RMB capital converted from foreign currency registered capital of a foreign-invested enterprise may only be used for purposes within the business scope approved by the applicable government authority and may not be used for equity investments within the PRC. In addition, SAFE strengthened its oversight of the flow and use of the RMB capital converted from foreign currency registered capital of foreign-invested enterprises. The use of such RMB capital may not be changed without SAFE’s approval, and such RMB capital may not in any case be used to repay RMB loans if the proceeds of such loans have not been used. Violations of Circular 142 and Circular 45 could result in severe penalties, such as heavy fines as set out in the relevant foreign exchange control regulations.  On July 4, 2014, SAFE promulgated SAFE Circular 36, which launched a pilot reform of the administration of the settlement of the foreign exchange capitals of foreign-invested enterprises in certain designated areas from August 4, 2014. However, SAFE Circular 36 continues to prohibit foreign-invested enterprises from directly or indirectly using the Renminbi converted from their foreign exchange capitals for purposes beyond its business scope.  On March 30, 2015, SAFE promulgated Circular 19, to expand the reform nationwide. Circular 19 will come into force and replace both Circular 142 and Circular 36 on June 1, 2015. Circular 36 allows enterprises established within the pilot areas to use their foreign exchange capitals to make equity investment and removes certain other restrictions provided under Circular 142 for these enterprises. Circular 19 will remove those restrictions for all foreign-invested enterprises established in the PRC. However, both Circular 36 and Circular 19 continue to prohibit foreign-invested enterprises from, among other things, using the Renminbi fund converted from its foreign exchange capitals for expenditure beyond its business scope, providing entrusted loans or repaying loans between non-financial enterprises.

Dividend Distributions

Under applicable PRC regulations, foreign invested enterprises (FIEs) in China may pay dividends only out of their accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, a FIE in China is required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards each year to its general reserves until the accumulative amount of such reserves reach 50% of its registered capital. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. The board of directors of a FIE has the discretion to allocate a portion of its after-tax profits to staff welfare and bonus funds, which may not be distributed to equity owners except in the event of liquidation.

After-tax profits/losses with respect to the payment of dividends out of accumulated profits and the annual appropriation of after-tax profits as calculated pursuant to PRC accounting standards and regulations do not result in significant differences as compared to after-tax earnings as presented in our financial statements. However, there are certain differences between PRC accounting standards and regulations and U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, arising from different treatment of items such as amortization of intangible assets and change in fair value of contingent consideration rising from business combinations.

In addition, under the Enterprise Income Tax (EIT) Law, the Notice of the State Administration of Taxation on Negotiated Reduction of Dividends and Interest Rates, which was issued on January 29, 2008, the Arrangement between the PRC and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion, which became effective on December 8, 2006, and the Notice of the State Administration of Taxation Regarding Interpretation and Recognition of Beneficial Owners under Tax Treaties, which became effective on October 27, 2009, dividends from our PRC operating subsidiaries paid to us through our Hong Kong subsidiary may be subject to a withholding tax at a rate of 10%, or at a rate of 5% if our Hong Kong subsidiary is considered a “beneficial owner” that is generally engaged in substantial business activities and entitled to treaty benefits under the Arrangement between the PRC and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion.

Laws and Regulations Related to Employment and Labor Protection

On June 29, 2007, the National People’s Congress promulgated the Employment Contract Law of PRC (“Employment Contract Law”), which became effective as of January 1, 2008 and amended on December 28, 2012. The Employment Contract Law requires employers to provide written contracts to their employees, restricts the use of temporary workers and aims to give employees long-term job security.

Pursuant to the Employment Contract Law, employment contracts lawfully concluded prior to the implementation of the Employment Contract Law and continuing as of the date of its implementation shall continue to be performed. Where an employment relationship was established prior to the implementation of the Employment Contract Law but no written employment contract was concluded, a contract must be concluded within one month after its implementation.

On September 18, 2008, the State Council promulgated the Implementing Regulations for the PRC Employment Contract Law which came into effect immediately. These regulations interpret and supplement the provisions of the Employment Contract Law.

Our standard employment contract complies with the requirements of the Employment Contract Law and its implementing regulations. We have entered into written employment contracts with all of our employees.

Employees

As of December 31, 2019, we had a total of 49 employees, all of whom are full-time employees. The following table sets forth the number of our full-time employees by function.

Our employees are not represented by a labor organization or covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We have not experienced any work stoppages. We believe we maintain good relations with our employees.

Available Information

We make available free of charge, on or through our website, http://www.cnporter.com/index.html, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and other filings pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and amendments to such filings, as soon as reasonably practicable after each is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains our reports, proxy and information statements, and our other SEC filings. The address of the SEC’s website is www.sec.gov. Information appearing on our website is not part of any report that we file with the SEC.

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below, together with all of the other information included in this report, before making an investment decision.  If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should read the section entitled “Special Notes Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above for a discussion of what types of statements are forward-looking statements, as well as the significance of such statements in the context of this report.

Risks Related to Our Business

Our business operations have been and may continue to be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19).

An outbreak of respiratory illness caused by COVID-19 emerged in late 2019 and has spread within the PRC and globally. The coronavirus is considered to be highly contagious and poses a serious public health threat. The World Health Organization labeled the coronavirus a pandemic on March 11, 2020, given its threat beyond a public health emergency of international concern the organization had declared on January 30, 2020.

Most of our revenues and workforce are concentrated in China. The epidemic has resulted in lockdown of cities, travel restrictions, and the temporary closure of stores and facilities in China for the past few months. The negative impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on our business have included:

The above adverse impacts might be mitigated as quarantines across China have been largely lifted as of late March and the Chinese government has rolled out an array of favorable fiscal measures. On March 23, 2020, the government of Shenzhen, China where we are headquartered announced that the city will ease travel restrictions and return to normal. We are currently negotiating with customers on their payment issues and allow them to pay after resuming operations. We will closely monitor these accounts receivable.

We expect our results of operations, revenues and financial condition for the fiscal year 2020 to be adversely affected by the coronavirus pandemic. If this outbreak persists, commercial activities throughout the world could be curtailed with decreased consumer spending, business operation disruptions, interrupted supply chain, difficulties in travel, and reduced workforces. The duration and intensity of disruptions resulting from the coronavirus outbreak is uncertain. It is unclear as to when the outbreak will be contained, and we also cannot predict if the impact will be short-lived or long-lasting. The extent to which the coronavirus impacts our financial results will depend on its future developments. If the outbreak of the coronavirus is not effectively controlled in a short period of time, our business operation and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected as a result of any slowdown in economic growth, operation disruptions or other factors that we cannot predict. 

As the Company has working capital deficiency and accumulated deficit, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Our consolidated financial statements included in this report include an explanatory paragraph that indicates that they were prepared assuming that we would continue as a going concern.  As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included with this report, we had a working capital deficiency, accumulated deficit from recurring net losses incurred for the current and prior years as of December 31, 2019. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.  The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon generating profitable operations in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet our obligations and repay our liabilities arising from normal business operations when they become due. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in its plans described above or in attracting equity or alternative financing on acceptable terms, or if at all. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If we fail to remediate the material weaknesses or maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may be unable to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud, and investor confidence and the market price of our shares may be adversely affected.

To implement Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or SOX 404, the SEC adopted rules requiring public companies to include a report of management on the company’s internal control over financial reporting in their annual reports on Form 10-K. Under current law, we are subject to the requirement that we maintain internal controls and that management perform periodic evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal controls, assuming our filing status remains as a smaller reporting company. A report of our management is included under Item 9A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our management has identified the following material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting:

(1)     We did not hold shareholders meetings during the last fiscal year;

(2)     We do not have an audit committee;

(3)     We do not have sufficient and skilled accounting personnel with an appropriate level of technical accounting knowledge and experience in the application of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States commensurate with our financial reporting requirements;

(4)     We do not have appropriate policies and procedures in place to evaluate the proper accounting and disclosures of key documents and agreements of revenue process;

(5)     We have not maintained sufficient internal controls over cash related controls, including failure to segregate cash handling and accounting functions and did not require dual signature on the Company’s bank accounts. Alternatively, the effects of poor cash controls were mitigated by the fact that we had limited transactions in our bank accounts; and

(6)     We retain copies of all financial data and material agreements; however, there is no formal procedure or evidence of normal backup of our data or off-site storage of data in the event of theft, misplacement, or loss due to unmitigated factors. We did not implement appropriate information technology controls.

A "material weakness" is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company's annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. We have taken measures and plan to continue to take measures to remedy this material weakness. However, the implementation of these measures may not fully address the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. Our failure to address any control deficiency could result in inaccuracies in our financial statements and could also impair our ability to comply with applicable financial reporting requirements and related regulatory filings on a timely basis. Moreover, effective internal control over financial reporting is important to prevent fraud. As a result, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, as well as the trading price of our shares, may be materially and adversely affected.

Our business plan is based on a relatively new model that may not be successful and we may not successfully implement our business strategies.

Our business plan has not been examined or tested by the market. Our products and services are targeted at an emerging market and any potential increase in our revenues depends on the achievement by our current and future clients, which is a new market in the region. In addition, we cannot guarantee the full and successful implementation of our business strategies. To ensure the successful reception of our products and services by a large number of consumer manufacturing entities in China, great efforts must to be made in promotion and business partner development. However, we cannot guarantee successful promotion of our products and services and we may not be able to realize our business goals.

Our results of operations and cash flows may fluctuate due to the non-recurring nature of our going public consulting services provided to our clients.

We generated the bulk of our total revenues from going public consulting services provided to small and medium-sized enterprises in China. Unlike other service businesses that have the potential of retaining their clients for long-term and recurring services, our consulting contractual relationships with our clients usually last for 12 months and there is no recurring business from our clients once they become public companies. Therefore, we face the constant challenge of identifying and recruiting new clients in order to maintain our operations and cash flows, which are difficult for us to predict from year to year.

In addition, even though we screen our prospective clients carefully before entering into service agreements, occasionally we have to discontinue our consulting services due to a variety of unforeseeable reasons such as the client’s shortage in funds, disagreements regarding the going public process, changes in the client’s business and expectations, among others. Due to the fact that our consulting fee is paid on installments, we will not be able to realize the complete contracted amounts under these circumstances, without getting into potentially costly litigations.

If we fail to hire, train and retain qualified managerial and other employees, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

We place substantial reliance on the consulting and financial service industry experience and knowledge of our senior management team as well as their relationships with other industry participants. The loss of the services of one or more members of our senior management could hinder our ability to effectively manage our business and implement our growth strategies. Finding suitable replacements for our current senior management could be difficult, and competition for such personnel of similar experience is intense. If we fail to retain our senior management, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our consulting service personnel are critical to maintaining the quality and consistency of our services, brand and reputation. It is important for us to attract qualified managerial and other employees who have experience in consulting services and are committed to our service approach. There may be a limited supply of such qualified individuals. We must hire and train qualified managerial and other employees on a timely basis to keep pace with our rapid growth while maintaining consistent quality of services across our operations. We must also provide continuous training to our managerial and other employees so that they are equipped with up-to-date knowledge of various aspects of our operations and can meet our demand for high-quality services. If we fail to do so, the quality of our services may decrease, which in turn, may cause a negative perception of our brand and adversely affect our business.

The proper functioning of our online platforms is essential to our business. Any failure to maintain the satisfactory performance of our websites could materially and adversely affect our business and reputation.

The satisfactory performance, reliability and availability of our online platforms are critical to our future success and our ability to attract and retain future customers and provide quality customer service.  Any system interruptions caused by telecommunications failures, computer viruses, hacking or other attempts to harm our systems that result in the unavailability or slowdown of our website or reduced order fulfillment performance could adversely affect the daily operations of our business. Our servers may also be vulnerable to computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions, which could lead to system interruptions, website slowdown or unavailability, delays or errors in transaction processing, loss of data or the inability to accept and fulfill customer orders.  Security breaches, computer viruses and hacking attacks have become more prevalent in our industry.  We can provide no assurance that our current security mechanisms will be sufficient to protect our IT systems from any third-party intrusions, viruses or hacker attacks, information or data theft or other similar activities. Any such future occurrences could reduce customer satisfaction, damage our reputation and result in a material decrease in our revenue.

We are exposed to potential liability for information on our websites and for products and services sold through our websites, and we may incur significant costs and damage to our reputation as a result of defending against such potential liability.

We provide third-party content on our websites such as their products, links to third-party websites, advertisements and content provided by customers and users of our O2O platforms.  We could be exposed to liability with respect to such third-party information. Among other things, we may face assertions that, by directly or indirectly providing such third-party content or links to other websites, we should be liable for defamation, negligence, copyright or trademark infringement, or other actions by parties providing such content or operating those websites. We may also face assertions that content on our websites, including statistics or other data we compile internally, or information contained in websites linked to our websites contains false information, errors or omissions, and users and our customers could seek damages for losses incurred as a result of their reliance upon or otherwise relating to incorrect information. We may also be subject to fines and other sanctions by the government for such incorrect information. Moreover, our relevant consolidated controlled entities, as Internet advertising service providers, are obligated under PRC laws and regulations to monitor the advertising content shown on our websites for compliance with applicable law. Violation of applicable law may result in penalties, including fines, confiscation of advertising fees, orders to cease dissemination of the offending advertisements and orders to publish advertisements correcting the misleading information. In case of serious violations, the PRC authorities may revoke the offending entities’ advertising licenses and/or business licenses.  In addition, our websites could be used as a platform for fraudulent transactions and third-party products and services sold through our websites and mobile apps may be defective. The measures we take to guard against liability for third-party content, information, products and services may not be adequate to exonerate us from relevant civil and other liabilities.

Any such claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming to defend and result in litigation and significant diversion of management’s attention and resources. Even if these claims do not result in liability to us, we could incur significant costs in investigating and defending against these claims and suffer damage to our reputation.

Regulation of the Internet industry in China, including censorship of information distributed over the Internet, may materially and adversely affect our business.

China has enacted laws, rules and regulations governing Internet access and the distribution of news, information or other content, as well as products and services, through the Internet. In the past, the PRC government has prohibited the distribution of information through the Internet that it deems to be in violation of applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations. In particular, under regulations promulgated by the State Council, the MIIT, the General Administration of Press and Publication (formerly the State Press and Publications Administration) and the Ministry of Culture, Internet content providers and Internet publishers are prohibited from posting or displaying content over the Internet that, among other things: (1) opposes the fundamental principles of the PRC constitution, (2) compromises state security, divulges state secrets, subverts state power or damages national unity, (3) disseminates rumors, disturbs social order or disrupts social stability, (4) propagates obscenity, pornography, gambling, violence, murder or fear or incites the commission of crimes, or (5) insults or slanders a third party or infringes upon the lawful right of a third party.

If any Internet content we offer through our consolidated controlled entities were deemed by the PRC government to violate any of such content restrictions, we would not be able to continue such offerings and could be subject to penalties, including confiscation of illegal revenues, fines, suspension of business and revocation of required licenses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may also be subject to potential liability for any unlawful actions of our customers or affiliates or for content we distribute that is deemed inappropriate. It may be difficult to determine the type of content that may result in liability to us, and if we are found to be liable, we may be forced to cease operation of our websites in China.

We may not be able to manage our expansion of operations effectively.

We are in the process of developing our business in order to meet the potentially increasing demand for our future products and services, as well as capture new market opportunities. As we continue to grow, we must continue to improve our operational and financial systems, procedures and controls, increase service capacity and output, and expand, train and manage our growing employee base. In order to fund our on-going operations and our future growth, we need to have sufficient internal sources of liquidity or access to additional financing from external sources. Furthermore, our management will be required to maintain and strengthen our relationships with our customers and other third parties.  Currently, we only have 49 employees.  As a result, our continued expansion has placed, and will continue to place, significant strains on our management personnel, systems and resources. We also will need to further strengthen our internal control and compliance functions to ensure that we will be able to comply with our legal and contractual obligations and minimize our operational and compliance risks. Our current and planned operations, personnel, systems, internal procedures and controls may not be adequate to support our future growth. If we are unable to manage our growth effectively, we may not be able to take advantage of market opportunities, execute our business strategies or respond to competitive pressures.

We depend heavily on key personnel, and turnover of key employees and senior management could harm our business.

Our future business and results of operations depend in significant part upon the continued contributions of our key technical and senior management personnel, including Zonghua Chen, our Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. They also depend in significant part upon our ability to attract and retain additional qualified management, technical, marketing and sales and support personnel for our operations. If we lose a key employee or if a key employee fails to perform in his or her current position, or if we are not able to attract and retain skilled employees as needed, our business could suffer. Significant turnover in our senior management could significantly deplete our institutional knowledge held by our existing senior management team. We depend on the skills and abilities of these key employees in managing the technical, marketing and sales aspects of our business, any part of which could be harmed by further turnover.

Our holding company structure may limit the payment of dividends.

We have no direct business operations, other than our ownership of our subsidiaries. While we have no current intention of paying dividends, should we decide in the future to do so, as a holding company, our ability to pay dividends and meet other obligations depends upon the receipt of dividends or other payments from our operating subsidiaries and other holdings and investment. In addition, our operating subsidiaries, from time to time, may be subject to restrictions on their ability to make distributions to us, including as a result of restrictive covenants in loan agreements, restrictions on the conversion of local currency into U.S. dollars or other hard currency and other regulatory restrictions as discussed below. If future dividends are paid in RMB, fluctuations in the exchange rate for the conversion of RMB into U.S. dollars may reduce the amount received by U.S. stockholders upon conversion of the dividend payment into U.S. dollars.

Chinese regulations currently permit the payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and regulations. Our subsidiaries in China are also required to set aside a portion of their after-tax profits according to Chinese accounting standards and regulations to fund certain reserve funds. Currently, our subsidiaries in China are the only sources of revenues or investment holdings for the payment of dividends. If they do not accumulate sufficient profits under Chinese accounting standards and regulations to first fund certain reserve funds as required by Chinese accounting standards, we will be unable to pay any dividends.

After-tax profits/losses with respect to the payment of dividends out of accumulated profits and the annual appropriation of after-tax profits as calculated pursuant to PRC accounting standards and regulations do not result in significant differences as compared to after-tax earnings as presented in our financial statements. However, there are certain differences between PRC accounting standards and regulations and U.S. GAAP, arising from different treatment of items such as amortization of intangible assets and change in fair value of contingent consideration rising from business combinations.

Risks Relating to our Commercial Relationship with VIEs

Mr. Zonghua Chen’s association with VIEs could pose a conflict of interest which may result in VIEs decisions that are adverse to our business.

Mr. Zonghua Chen, our Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and the beneficial owner of 55.71% of our outstanding Common Stock, owns 40% of the equity interests in Portercity and its subsidiaries, from which we derived all of our revenue in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, pursuant to the Contractual Arrangements. As a result, conflicts of interest may arise from time to time and these conflicts may result in management decisions that could negatively affect our operations and potentially result in the loss of opportunities.

PRC laws and regulations governing our businesses and the validity of certain of our Contractual Arrangements are uncertain. If we are found to be in violation of such PRC laws and regulations, our business may be negatively affected, and we may be forced to relinquish our interests in those operations.

PRC laws and regulations prohibit or restrict foreign ownership of companies that operate Internet information and content, Internet access, online games, mobile, value added telecommunications and certain other businesses in which we are engaged or could be deemed to be engaged.  Consequently, we conduct certain of our operations and businesses in the PRC through our VIEs. All our revenue is generated by contractually controlled and managed entity, Portercity, and its subsidiaries.

The Contractual Arrangements give us effective control over Portercity, and its subsidiaries and enable us to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits arising from it as well as consolidate their financial results in our results of operations. Although the structure we have adopted is consistent with longstanding industry practice, and is commonly adopted by comparable companies in China, the PRC government may not agree that these arrangements comply with PRC licensing, registration or other regulatory requirements, with existing policies or with requirements or policies that may be adopted in the future.

In the opinion of Guang Dong LianRui Law Firm, our PRC counsel, the ownership structures of our wholly-foreign owned enterprise and our VIEs in China do not and will not violate any applicable PRC law, regulation or rule currently in effect; and the contractual arrangements between our material wholly-foreign owned enterprise, our material variable interest entity and their respective equity holders governed by PRC law are valid, binding and enforceable in accordance with their terms and applicable PRC laws and regulations currently in effect and will not violate any applicable PRC law, rule or regulation currently in effect. However, Guang Dong LianRui Law Firm has also advised us that there are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of current PRC laws, rules and regulations. Accordingly, the PRC regulatory authorities and PRC courts may in the future take a view that is contrary to the opinion of our PRC legal counsel.

Our Company, PGL, PPBGL and Qianhai Porter are considered foreign investors or foreign invested enterprises under PRC law. As a result, PGL, PPBGL and Qianhai Porter are subject to certain limitations under PRC law on foreign ownership of Chinese companies. These laws and regulations are relatively new and may be subject to change, and their official interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness of newly enacted laws, regulations or amendments may be delayed, resulting in detrimental reliance by foreign investors. New laws and regulations that affect existing and proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively.

The PRC government has broad discretion in dealing with violations of laws and regulations, including levying fines, revoking business and other licenses and requiring actions necessary for compliance. In particular, licenses and permits issued or granted to us by relevant governmental bodies may be revoked at a later time by higher regulatory bodies. We cannot predict the effect of the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations on our businesses. We cannot assure you that our current ownership and operating structure would not be found in violation of any current or future PRC laws or regulations. As a result, we may be subject to sanctions, including fines, and could be required to restructure our operations or cease to provide certain services. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention. If the imposition of any of these government actions causes us to lose our right to direct the activities of any of our VIEs or otherwise separate from them and if we are not able to restructure our ownership structure and operations in a satisfactory manner, we would no longer be able to consolidate the financial results of our VIEs in our consolidated financial statements. Any of these or similar actions could significantly disrupt our business operations or restrict us from conducting a substantial portion of our business operations, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our arrangements with the VIEs and their shareholders may be subject to scrutiny by the PRC tax authorities. Any adjustment of related party transaction pricing could lead to additional taxes, which could have an adverse effect on our income and expenses.

The tax regime in China is rapidly evolving and there is significant uncertainty for taxpayers in China as PRC tax laws may be interpreted in significantly different ways. The PRC tax authorities may assert that we or our subsidiaries or VIEs or their equity holders owe and/or are required to pay additional taxes on previous or future revenue or income. In particular, under applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations, arrangements and transactions among related parties, such as the contractual arrangements with our VIEs, may be subject to audit or challenge by the PRC tax authorities. We could face material and adverse tax consequences if the PRC tax authorities determine that our agreements with the VIEs and their shareholders were not entered into based on arm’s length negotiations. As a result, they may adjust our income and expenses for PRC tax purposes in the form of a transfer pricing adjustment. Such an adjustment may require that we pay additional PRC taxes plus applicable penalties and interest, if any.

Substantial uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation and implementation of the newly enacted PRC Foreign Investment Law, which may materially impact the viability of our current corporate structure. 

On March 15, 2019, the National People’s Congress approved the Foreign Investment Law, which came into effect on January 1, 2020 and replaced the existing laws regulating foreign investment in China, namely, the Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Enterprise Law, the Sino-foreign Cooperative Joint Venture Enterprise Law and the Wholly Foreign-invested Enterprise Law, together with their implementation rules and ancillary regulations. On December 26, 2019, the Regulation on the Implementation of the Foreign Investment Law of the PRC, was issued by the State Council and came into force on January 1, 2020. However, since the Foreign Investment Law is relatively new, uncertainties still exist in relation to its interpretation and implementation. For instance, the Foreign Investment Law has a catch-all provision under the definition of “foreign investment” which includes investments made by foreign investors in China through means stipulated in laws or administrative regulations or other methods prescribed by the State Council. Though the Foreign Investment Law does not explicitly classify contractual arrangements as a form of foreign investment, there is no assurance that foreign investment via contractual arrangement would not be interpreted as a type of indirect foreign investment activities under the definition in the future. The State Council may in the future promulgate laws and regulations that deem investments made by foreign investors through contractual arrangements as “foreign investment,” and our VIE contractual arrangements may be subject to and be deemed to violate the market entry requirements in China. Furthermore, if future laws, administrative regulations or provisions prescribed by the State Council mandate further actions to be taken by companies with respect to existing VIE contractual arrangements, we may face substantial uncertainties as to whether we can complete such actions in a timely manner, or at all. Failure to take timely and appropriate measures to cope with any of these or similar regulatory compliance challenges could materially and adversely affect our current corporate structure and business operations.

Our contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing control over the variable interest entities as direct ownership.

We rely on contractual arrangements with our VIEs to operate our electronic platform in China and other businesses in which foreign investment is restricted or prohibited. These contractual arrangements may not be as effective as direct ownership in providing us with control over our VIEs.

If we had direct ownership of the VIEs, we would be able to exercise our rights as an equity holder directly to effect changes in the boards of directors of the entity, which could effect changes at the management and operational level. Under our contractual arrangements, we would be able to change the members of the boards of directors of the entity only by exclusively exercising the equity holders’ voting rights and would have to rely on the variable interest entity and the variable interest entity equity holders to perform their obligations in the contractual arrangements in order to exercise our control over the variable interest entity. The variable interest entity equity holders may have conflicts of interest with us or our shareholders, and they may not act in the best interests of our company or may not perform their obligations under these contracts. For example, our VIEs and their equity holders could breach their contractual arrangements with us by, among other things, failing to conduct their operations, including maintaining our website and using our domain names and trademarks which the relevant variable interest entity has exclusive rights to use, in an acceptable manner or taking other actions that are detrimental to our interests. Pursuant to the call option, we may replace the equity holders of the VIEs at any time pursuant to the contractual arrangements. However, if any equity holder is uncooperative and any dispute relating to these contracts or the replacement of the equity holders remains unresolved, we will have to enforce our rights under the contractual arrangements through the operations of PRC law and arbitral or judicial agencies, which may be costly and time-consuming and will be subject to uncertainties in the PRC legal system. See “—Any failure by our VIEs or their equity holders to perform their obligations under the contractual arrangements would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.” Consequently, the contractual arrangements may not be as effective in ensuring our control over the relevant portion of our business operations as direct ownership.

Any failure by our VIEs or their equity holders to perform their obligations under the contractual arrangements would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If our VIEs or their equity holders fail to perform their respective obligations under the contractual arrangements, we may have to incur substantial costs and expend additional resources to enforce such arrangements. Although we have entered into an option agreement in relation to our variable interest entity, which provides that we may exercise an option to acquire, or nominate a person to acquire, ownership of the equity in that entity or, in some cases, its assets, to the extent permitted by applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations, the exercise of the option is subject to the review and approval of the relevant PRC governmental authorities. We have also entered into an equity interest pledge agreement with respect to the variable interest entity to secure certain obligations of such VIES or their equity holders to us under the contractual arrangements. However, the enforcement of such agreement through arbitral or judicial agencies may be costly and time-consuming and will be subject to uncertainties in the PRC legal system. Moreover, our remedies under the equity pledge agreement are primarily intended to help us collect debts owed to us by the variable interest entity equity holders under the contractual arrangements and may not help us in acquiring the assets or equity of the variable interest entity.

The contractual arrangements are governed by PRC law and provide for the resolution of disputes through arbitration or court proceedings in China. Accordingly, these contracts would be interpreted in accordance with PRC law and any disputes would be resolved in accordance with PRC legal procedures. The legal system in the PRC is not as developed as in some other jurisdictions, such as the United States. Moreover, there are very few precedents and little formal guidance as to how contractual arrangements in the context of a variable interest entity should be interpreted or enforced under PRC law, and as a result it may be difficult to predict how an arbitration panel or court would view such contractual arrangements. As a result, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could limit our ability to enforce the contractual arrangements. Under PRC law, if the losing parties fail to carry out the arbitration awards or court judgments within a prescribed time limit, the prevailing parties may only enforce the arbitration awards or court judgments in PRC courts, which would require additional expense and delay. In the event we are unable to enforce the contractual arrangements, we may not be able to exert effective control over the variable interest entities, and our ability to conduct our business, as well as our financial condition and results of operations, may be materially and adversely affected.

We may lose the ability to use, or otherwise benefit from, the ICP license held by our VIEs, which could severely disrupt our business, render us unable to conduct some or all of our business operations and constrain our growth.

Our VIE, Portercity, holds an ICP license that is necessary for our business operations, to which foreign investments are typically restricted or prohibited under applicable PRC law. The contractual arrangements contain terms that specifically obligate variable interest entity equity holders to ensure the valid existence of the variable interest entities and restrict the disposal of material assets of the variable interest entities. However, in the event the variable interest entity equity holders breach the terms of these contractual arrangements and voluntarily liquidate any of our VIEs or any of our VIEs declares bankruptcy and all or part of its assets become subject to liens or rights of third-party creditors, or are otherwise disposed of without our consent, we may be unable to conduct some or all of our business operations or otherwise benefit from the assets held by the variable interest entity, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, if our variable interest entity undergoes a voluntary or involuntary liquidation proceeding, its equity holders or unrelated third-party creditors may claim rights to some or all of the assets of such variable interest entity, thereby hindering our ability to operate our business as well as constrain our growth.

Risk Related to Doing Business in China

Changes in the economic and political policies of the PRC government could have a material and adverse effect on our business and operations.

We conduct substantially all our business operations in China. Accordingly, our results of operations, financial condition and prospects are significantly dependent on economic and political developments in China. China’s economy differs from the economies of developed countries in many aspects, including the level of development, growth rate and degree of government control over foreign exchange and allocation of resources. While China’s economy has experienced significant growth in the past 30 years, the growth has been uneven across different regions and periods and among various economic sectors in China. We cannot assure you that China’s economy will continue to grow, or that if there is growth, such growth will be steady and uniform, or that if there is a slowdown, such slowdown will not have a negative effect on its business and results of operations.

The PRC government exercises significant control over China. Accordingly, our results of operations, financial condition and prospects are significantly dependent on economic and political developments in China. Certain measures adopted by the PRC government may restrict loans to certain industries, such as changes in the statutory deposit reserve ratio and lending guidelines for commercial banks by the People’s Bank of China. These current and future government actions could materially affect our liquidity, access to capital, and ability to operate our business.

The global financial markets experienced significant disruptions in 2008 and the United States, Europe and other economies went into recession. Since 2012, growth of the Chinese economy has slowed down. The PRC government has implemented various measures to encourage economic growth and guide the allocation of resources. Some of these measures may benefit the overall PRC economy but may also have a negative effect on us. Our financial condition and results of operation could be materially and adversely affected by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations that are applicable to us. In addition, any stimulus measures designed to boost the Chinese economy, may contribute to higher inflation, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. See “—Future inflation in China may inhibit our ability to conduct business in China.”

Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could limit the legal protections available to you and us.

We conduct substantially all of our business through our operating subsidiary and VIEs in the PRC. Our operating subsidiary and VIEs are generally subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investments in China and, in particular, laws applicable to FIEs. The PRC legal system is based on written statutes, and prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value. Since 1979, a series of new PRC laws and regulations have significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investments in China. However, since the PRC legal system continues to evolve rapidly, the interpretations of many laws, regulations, and rules are not always uniform, and enforcement of these laws, regulations, and rules involve uncertainties, which may limit legal protections available to you and us. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention. In addition, all of our executive officers and most of our directors are residents of China and not of the United States, and substantially all the assets of these persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it could be difficult for investors to affect service of process in the United States or to enforce a judgment obtained in the United States against our Chinese operations and subsidiaries.

You may have difficulty enforcing judgments against us.

Most of our assets are located outside of the United States and most of our current operations are conducted in the PRC. In addition, all of our directors and officers are nationals and residents of countries other than the United States. A substantial portion of the assets of these persons is located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons. It may also be difficult for you to enforce in U.S. courts judgments on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us and our officers and directors, most of whom are not residents in the United States and the substantial majority of whose assets are located outside of the United States. In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the PRC would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts. Our counsel as to PRC law has advised us that the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are provided for under the PRC Civil Procedures Law. Courts in China may recognize and enforce foreign judgments in accordance with the requirements of the PRC Civil Procedures Law based on treaties between China and the country where the judgment is made or on reciprocity between jurisdictions. China does not have any treaties or other arrangements that provide for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments with the United States. In addition, according to the PRC Civil Procedures Law, courts in the PRC will not enforce a foreign judgment against us or our directors and officers if they decide that the judgment violates basic principles of PRC law or national sovereignty, security, or the public interest. So, it is uncertain whether a PRC court would enforce a judgment rendered by a court in the United States.

The PRC government exerts substantial influence over the manner in which we must conduct our business activities.

The PRC government has exercised and continues to exercise substantial control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy through regulation and state ownership. Our ability to operate in China may be harmed by changes in its laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, import and export tariffs, environmental regulations, land use rights, property, and other matters. We believe that our operations in China are in material compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements. However, the central or local governments of the jurisdictions in which we operate may impose new, stricter regulations or interpretations of existing regulations that would require additional expenditures and efforts on our part to ensure our compliance with such regulations or interpretations.

Accordingly, government actions in the future, including any decision not to continue to support recent economic reforms and to return to a more centrally planned economy or regional or local variations in the implementation of economic policies, could have a significant effect on economic conditions in China or particular regions thereof and could require us to divest ourselves of any interest we then hold in Chinese properties or joint ventures.

We may be adversely affected by the complexity, uncertainties and changes in PRC regulation of internet-related businesses and companies, and any lack of requisite approvals, licenses or permits applicable to our business may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

The PRC government extensively regulates the internet industry, including foreign ownership of, and the licensing and permit requirements pertaining to, companies in the internet industry. These internet-related laws and regulations are relatively new and evolving, and their interpretation and enforcement involve significant uncertainties. As a result, in certain circumstances it may be difficult to determine what actions or omissions may be deemed to be in violation of applicable laws and regulations.

We only have contractual control over our website. We do not directly own the website due to the restriction of foreign investment in businesses providing value-added telecommunication services in China, including internet information provision services. This may significantly disrupt our business, subject us to sanctions, compromise enforceability of related contractual arrangements, or have other harmful effects on us.

The evolving PRC regulatory system for the internet industry may lead to the establishment of new regulatory agencies. For example, in May 2011, the State Council announced the establishment of a new department, the State Internet Information Office (with the involvement of the State Council Information Office, the MITT, and the Ministry of Public Security). The primary role of this new agency is to facilitate the policy-making and legislative development in this field, to direct and coordinate with the relevant departments in connection with online content administration and to deal with cross-ministry regulatory matters in relation to the internet industry.

The interpretation and application of existing PRC laws, regulations and policies and possible new laws, regulations or policies relating to the internet industry have created substantial uncertainties regarding the legality of existing and future foreign investments in, and the businesses and activities of, internet businesses in China, including our business. We cannot assure you that we have obtained all the permits or licenses required for conducting our business in China or will be able to maintain our existing licenses or obtain new ones. If the PRC government considers that we were operating without the proper approvals, licenses or permits or promulgates new laws and regulations that require additional approvals or licenses or imposes additional restrictions on the operation of any part of our business, it has the power, among other things, to levy fines, confiscate our income, revoke our business licenses, and require us to discontinue our relevant business or impose restrictions on the affected portion of our business. Any of these actions by the PRC government may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

The enforcement of the PRC labor contract law may materially increase our costs and decrease our net income.

China adopted a new Labor Contract Law, effective on January 1, 2008, and issued its implementation rules, effective on September 18, 2008. The Labor Contract Law and related rules and regulations impose more stringent requirements on employers with regard to, among others, minimum wages, severance payment and non-fixed-term employment contracts, time limits for probation periods, as well as the duration and the times that an employee can be placed on a fixed-term employment contract. Due to the limited period of effectiveness of the Labor Contract Law and its implementation rules and regulations, and the lack of clarity with respect to their implementation and potential penalties and fines, it is uncertain how they will impact our current employment policies and practices. In particular, compliance with the Labor Contract Law and its implementation rules and regulations may increase our operating expenses. In the event that we decide to terminate some of our employees or otherwise change our employment or labor practices, the Labor Contract Law and its implementation rules and regulations may also limit our ability to effect those changes in a manner that we believe to be cost-effective or desirable, and could result in a material decrease in our profitability.

Future inflation in China may inhibit our ability to conduct business in China.

In recent years, the Chinese economy has experienced periods of rapid expansion and highly fluctuating rates of inflation. During the past ten years, the rate of inflation in China has been as high as 5.9% and as low as -0.8%. These factors have led to the adoption by the Chinese government, from time to time, of various corrective measures designed to restrict the availability of credit or regulate growth and contain inflation. High inflation may in the future cause the Chinese government to impose controls on credit and/or prices, or to take other action, which could inhibit economic activity in China, and thereby harm the market for our products and our company.

Restrictions on currency exchange may limit our ability to receive and use our revenues effectively.

Currently, all of our revenues are settled in RMB, and any future restrictions on currency exchanges may limit our ability to use revenue generated in RMB to fund any future business activities outside China or to make dividend or other payments in U.S. dollars. Although the Chinese government introduced regulations in 1996 to allow greater convertibility of the RMB for current account transactions, significant restrictions still remain, including primarily the restriction that FIEs may only buy, sell or remit foreign currencies after providing valid commercial documents, at those banks in China authorized to conduct foreign exchange business. In addition, conversion of RMB for capital account items, including direct investment and loans, is subject to governmental approval in China, and companies are required to open and maintain separate foreign exchange accounts for capital account items. We cannot be certain that the Chinese regulatory authorities will not impose more stringent restrictions on the convertibility of the RMB.

Fluctuations in exchange rates could adversely affect our business and the value of our securities.

The value of our common stock will be indirectly affected by the foreign exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and RMB and between those currencies and other currencies in which our sales may be denominated. Appreciation or depreciation in the value of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar would affect our financial results reported in U.S. dollar terms without giving effect to any underlying change in our business or results of operations. Fluctuations in the exchange rate will also affect the relative value of any dividend we issue that will be exchanged into U.S. dollars, as well as earnings from, and the value of, any U.S. dollar-denominated investments we make in the future.

Since July 2005, the RMB has no longer been pegged to the U.S. dollar. Although the People’s Bank of China regularly intervenes in the foreign exchange market to prevent significant short-term fluctuations in the exchange rate, the RMB may appreciate or depreciate significantly in value against the U.S. dollar in the medium to long term. Moreover, it is possible that in the future PRC authorities may lift restrictions on fluctuations in the RMB exchange rate and lessen intervention in the foreign exchange market.

Very limited hedging transactions are available in China to reduce our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations. To date, we have not entered into any hedging transactions. While we may enter into hedging transactions in the future, the availability and effectiveness of these transactions may be limited, and we may not be able to successfully hedge our exposure at all. In addition, our foreign currency exchange losses may be magnified by PRC exchange control regulations that restrict our ability to convert RMB into foreign currencies.

Restrictions under PRC law on our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to make dividends and other distributions could materially and adversely affect our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could benefit our business, pay dividends to you, and otherwise fund and conduct our business.

Substantially all of our revenues are earned by our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs. However, PRC regulations restrict the ability of our PRC subsidiary to make dividends and other payments to their offshore parent companies. PRC legal restrictions permit payments of dividends by our PRC subsidiary only out of their accumulated after-tax profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. Our PRC subsidiary is also required under PRC laws and regulations to allocate at least 10% of its annual after-tax profits determined in accordance with PRC generally accepted accounting principles to a statutory general reserve fund until the amounts in said fund reaches 50% of its registered capital. Allocations to these statutory reserve funds can only be used for specific purposes and are not transferable to us in the form of loans, advances, or cash dividends. Any limitations on the ability of our PRC subsidiary to transfer funds to us could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our business, pay dividends and otherwise fund and conduct our business.

PRC regulations relating to investments in offshore companies by PRC residents may subject our PRC-resident beneficial owners or our PRC subsidiary to liability or penalties, limit our ability to inject capital into our PRC subsidiary or limit our PRC subsidiary's ability to increase their registered capital or distribute profits.

SAFE promulgated the Circular on Relevant Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Control on Domestic Residents’ Offshore Investment and Financing and Roundtrip Investment through Special Purpose Vehicles, or SAFE Circular 37, on July 4, 2014, which replaced the former circular commonly known as “SAFE Circular 75” promulgated by SAFE on October 21, 2005. SAFE Circular 37 requires PRC residents to register with local branches of the SAFE in connection with their direct establishment or indirect control of an offshore entity, for the purpose of overseas investment and financing, with such PRC residents’ legally owned assets or equity interests in domestic enterprises or offshore assets or interests, referred to in SAFE Circular 37 as a “special purpose vehicle.” SAFE Circular 37 further requires amendment to the registration in the event of any significant changes with respect to the special purpose vehicle, such as increase or decrease of capital contributed by PRC individuals, share transfer or exchange, merger, division or other material event. In the event that a PRC shareholder holding interests in a special purpose vehicle fails to fulfill the required SAFE registration, the PRC subsidiaries of that special purpose vehicle may be prohibited from making profit distributions to the offshore parent and from carrying out subsequent cross-border foreign exchange activities, and the special purpose vehicle may be restricted in its ability to contribute additional capital into its PRC subsidiary. Moreover, failure to comply with the various SAFE registration requirements described above could result in liability under PRC law for evasion of foreign exchange controls. According to the Notice on Further Simplifying and Improving Policies for the Foreign Exchange Administration of Direct Investment released on February 13, 2015 by SAFE, local banks will examine and handle foreign exchange registration for overseas direct investment, including the initial foreign exchange registration and amendment registration, under SAFE Circular 37 from June 1, 2015.

According to SAFE Circular 37, our shareholders or beneficial owners, who are PRC residents, are subject to SAFE Circular 37 or other foreign exchange administrative regulations in respect of their investment in our company. We have notified substantial beneficial owners of common stock who we know are PRC residents of their filing obligations. Nevertheless, we may not be aware of the identities of all of our beneficial owners who are PRC residents. We do not have control over our beneficial owners and there can be no assurance that all of our PRC-resident beneficial owners will comply with SAFE Circular 37 and subsequent implementation rules, and there is no assurance that the registration under SAFE Circular 37 and any amendment will be completed in a timely manner, or will be completed at all. The failure of our beneficial owners who are PRC residents to register or amend their foreign exchange registrations in a timely manner pursuant to SAFE Circular 37 and subsequent implementation rules, or the failure of future beneficial owners of our company who are PRC residents to comply with the registration procedures set forth in SAFE Circular 37 and subsequent implementation rules, may subject such beneficial owners or our PRC subsidiary to fines and legal sanctions. Such failure to register or comply with relevant requirements may also limit our ability to contribute additional capital to our PRC subsidiary and limit our PRC subsidiary’s ability to distribute dividends to our company. These risks may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Furthermore, SAFE Circular 37 is unclear how this regulation, and any future regulation concerning offshore or cross-border transactions, will be interpreted, amended and implemented by the relevant PRC government authorities, and we cannot predict how these regulations will affect our business operations or future strategy. Failure to register or comply with relevant requirements may also limit our ability to contribute additional capital to our PRC subsidiaries and limit our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to distribute dividends to us. These risks could in the future have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

PRC regulation of loans to, and direct investment in, PRC entities by offshore holding companies and governmental control of currency conversion may restrict or prevent us from using the proceeds of our future financings to make loans to our PRC subsidiary and our consolidated VIEs, or to make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiary.

We, as a holding company, are permitted under PRC laws and regulations to provide funding to our PRC subsidiary, which are treated as foreign-invested enterprises under PRC laws, through loans or capital contributions. However, loans by us to our PRC subsidiary to finance its activities cannot exceed statutory limits and must be registered with the local counterpart of SAFE and capital contributions to our PRC subsidiary are subject to the requirement of making necessary filings in the Foreign Investment Comprehensive Management Information System, and registration with other governmental authorities in China.

SAFE promulgated the Notice of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Reforming the Administration of Foreign Exchange Settlement of Capital of Foreign-invested Enterprises, or Circular 19, effective on June 1, 2015, in replacement of the Circular on the Relevant Operating Issues Concerning the Improvement of the Administration of the Payment and Settlement of Foreign Currency Capital of Foreign- Invested Enterprises, or Circular 142, the Notice from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Relevant Issues Concerning Strengthening the Administration of Foreign Exchange Businesses, or Circular 59, and the Circular on Further Clarification and Regulation of the Issues Concerning the Administration of Certain Capital Account Foreign Exchange Businesses, or Circular 45. According to Circular 19, the flow and use of the RMB capital converted from foreign currency-denominated registered capital of a foreign-invested company is regulated such that RMB capital may not be used for the issuance of RMB entrusted loans, the repayment of inter-enterprise loans or the repayment of bank loans that have been transferred to a third party. Although Circular 19 allows RMB capital converted from foreign currency-denominated registered capital of a foreign invested enterprise to be used for equity investments within the PRC, it also reiterates the principle that RMB converted from the foreign currency-denominated capital of a foreign-invested company may not be directly or indirectly used for purposes beyond its business scope. Thus, it is unclear whether SAFE will permit such capital to be used for equity investments in the PRC in actual practice. SAFE promulgated the Notice of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Reforming and Standardizing the Foreign Exchange Settlement Management Policy of Capital Account, or Circular 16, effective on June 9, 2016, which reiterates some of the rules set forth in Circular 19, but changes the prohibition against using RMB capital converted from foreign currency-denominated registered capital of a foreign-invested company to issue RMB entrusted loans to a prohibition against using such capital to grant loans to non-associated enterprises. Violations of SAFE Circular 19 and Circular 16 could result in administrative penalties. Circular 19 and Circular 16 may significantly limit our ability to transfer any foreign currency we hold, including the net proceeds from our future financings, to our PRC subsidiary, which may adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business in the PRC.

Due to the restrictions imposed on loans in foreign currencies extended to any PRC domestic companies, we are not likely to make such loans to any of our consolidated VIEs and their subsidiaries, each a PRC domestic company. Meanwhile, we are not likely to finance the activities of our consolidated VIEs and their subsidiaries by means of capital contributions given the restrictions on foreign investment in the businesses that are currently conducted by our consolidated VIEs and their subsidiaries.

In light of the various requirements imposed by PRC regulations on loans to, and direct investment in, PRC entities by offshore holding companies, we cannot assure you that we will be able to complete the necessary government registrations or obtain the necessary government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, with respect to future loans to our PRC subsidiary or any consolidated variable interest entity or future capital contributions by us to our PRC subsidiary. As a result, uncertainties exist as to our ability to provide prompt financial support to our PRC subsidiary or consolidated VIEs and their subsidiaries when needed. If we fail to complete such registrations or obtain such approvals, our ability to use foreign currency, including the proceeds we received from our future financings, and to capitalize or otherwise fund our PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.

Failure to make adequate contributions to various employee benefit plans as required by PRC regulations may subject us to penalties.

We are required under PRC laws and regulations to participate in various government sponsored employee benefit plans, including certain social insurance, housing funds and other welfare-oriented payment obligations, and contribute to the plans in amounts equal to certain percentages of salaries, including bonuses and allowances, of our employees up to a maximum amount specified by the local government from time to time at locations where we operate our businesses. The requirement of employee benefit plans has not been implemented consistently by the local governments in China given the different levels of economic development in different locations. Although we have made contributions to some employee benefit plans, such as social security plans, we may have not made adequate employee benefit payments required by PRC regulations. We may be required to make up the contributions for these plans as well as pay late fees and fines. If we are subject to late fees or fines in relation to the underpaid employee benefits, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

Under the Enterprise Income Tax Law, we may be classified as a “resident enterprise” of China. Such classification will likely result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders.

On March 16, 2007, the National People’s Congress of China passed a new Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the EIT Law. On November 28, 2007, the State Council of China passed its implementing rules, which took effect on January 1, 2008. Under the EIT Law, an enterprise established outside of China with “de facto management bodies” within China is considered a “resident enterprise,” meaning that it can be treated in a manner similar to a Chinese enterprise for enterprise income tax purposes. The implementing rules of the EIT Law define de facto management as “substantial and overall management and control over the production and operations, personnel, accounting, and properties” of the enterprise.

On April 22, 2009, the State Administration of Taxation issued the Notice Concerning Relevant Issues Regarding Cognizance of Chinese Investment Controlled Enterprises Incorporated Offshore as Resident Enterprises. According to the Criteria of de facto Management Bodies, or the Notice, further interprets the application of the EIT Law and its implementation non-Chinese enterprise or group controlled offshore entities. Pursuant to the Notice, an enterprise incorporated in an offshore jurisdiction and controlled by a Chinese enterprise or group will be classified as a “non-domestically incorporated resident enterprise” if (i) its senior management in charge of daily operations reside or perform their duties mainly in China; (ii) its financial or personnel decisions are made or approved by bodies or persons in China; (iii) its substantial assets and properties, accounting books, corporate chops, board and shareholder minutes are kept in China; and (iv) at least half of its directors with voting rights or senior management often resident in China. A resident enterprise would be subject to an enterprise income tax rate of 25% on its worldwide income and must pay a withholding tax at a rate of 10%, when paying dividends to its non-PRC shareholders. However, it remains unclear as to whether the Notice is applicable to an offshore enterprise incorporated by a Chinese natural person, nor detailed measures on imposition of tax from non-domestically incorporated resident enterprises are available. Therefore, it is unclear how tax authorities will determine tax residency based on the facts of each case.

We may be deemed to be a resident enterprise by Chinese tax authorities. If the PRC tax authorities determine that we are a “resident enterprise” for the PRC enterprise income tax purposes, a number of unfavorable PRC tax consequences could follow. First, we may be subject to the enterprise income tax at a rate of 25% on our worldwide taxable income as well as PRC enterprise income tax reporting obligations. In our case, this would mean that income such as interest on financing proceeds and non-China source income would be subject to PRC enterprise income tax at a rate of 25%. Second, although, under the EIT Law and its implementing rules, dividends paid to us from our PRC subsidiaries would qualify as “tax-exempt income,” we cannot guarantee that such dividends will not be subject to a 10% withholding tax, as the PRC foreign exchange control authorities, which enforce the withholding tax, have not yet issued a guidance with respect to the processing of outbound remittances to entities that are treated as resident enterprises for the PRC enterprise income tax purposes. Finally, it is possible that future guidance issued with respect to the new “resident enterprise” classification could result in a situation, which a 10% withholding tax is imposed on dividends we pay to our non-PRC shareholders and with respect to gains derived by our non-PRC stockholders from transferring our shares.

If we were treated as a “resident enterprise” by the PRC tax authorities, we would be subject to taxation in both the U.S. and China, and our PRC tax may not be used as a credit to reduce our U.S. tax.

We and our stockholders face uncertainties with respect to indirect transfers of equity interests in PRC resident enterprises or other assets attributed to a Chinese establishment of a non-Chinese company, or immovable properties located in China owned by non-Chinese companies.

In October 2017, the State Administration of Taxation issued the Bulletin on Issues Concerning the Withholding of Non-PRC Resident Enterprise Income Tax at Source, or Bulletin 37, which replaced the Notice on Strengthening Administration of Enterprise Income Tax for Share Transfers by Non-PRC Resident Enterprises issued by the State Administration of Taxation on December 10, 2009, and partially replaced and supplemented rules under the Bulletin on Issues of Enterprise Income Tax on Indirect Transfers of Assets by Non-PRC Resident Enterprises, or Bulletin 7, issued by the State Administration of Taxation on February 3, 2015. Pursuant to Bulletin 7, an “indirect transfer” of PRC assets, including a transfer of equity interests in an unlisted non-PRC holding company of a PRC resident enterprise, by non-PRC resident enterprises may be re-characterized and treated as a direct transfer of the underlying PRC assets, if such arrangement does not have a reasonable commercial purpose and was established for the purpose of avoiding payment of PRC enterprise income tax. As a result, gains derived from such indirect transfer may be subject to PRC enterprise income tax. According to Bulletin 7, “PRC taxable assets” include assets attributed to an establishment in China, immoveable properties located in China, and equity investments in PRC resident enterprises and any gains from the transfer of such asset by a direct holder, who is a non-PRC resident enterprise, would be subject to PRC enterprise income taxes. When determining whether there is a “reasonable commercial purpose” of the transaction arrangement, features to be taken into consideration include: whether the main value of the equity interest of the relevant offshore enterprise derives from PRC taxable assets; whether the assets of the relevant offshore enterprise mainly consists of direct or indirect investment in China or if its income mainly derives from China; whether the offshore enterprise and its subsidiaries directly or indirectly holding PRC taxable assets have real commercial nature which is evidenced by their actual function and risk exposure; the duration of existence of the business model and organizational structure; the replicability of the transaction by direct transfer of PRC taxable assets; and the tax situation of such indirect transfer and applicable tax treaties or similar arrangements. In the case of an indirect offshore transfer of assets of a PRC establishment, the resulting gain is to be included with the enterprise income tax filing of the PRC establishment or place of business being transferred, and may consequently be subject to PRC enterprise income tax at a rate of 25%. Where the underlying transfer relates to immoveable properties located in China or to equity investments in a PRC resident enterprise, which is not related to a PRC establishment or place of business of a non-resident enterprise, a PRC enterprise income tax of 10% would apply, subject to available preferential tax treatment under applicable tax treaties or similar arrangements, and the party who is obligated to make the transfer payments has the withholding obligation. Pursuant to Bulletin 37, the withholding agent shall declare and pay the withheld tax to the competent tax authority in the place where such withholding agent is located within 7 days from the date of occurrence of the withholding obligation, while the transferor is required to declare and pay such tax to the competent tax authority within the statutory time limit according to Bulletin 7. Late payment of applicable tax will subject the transferor to default interest. Both Bulletin 37 and Bulletin 7 do not apply to transactions of sale of shares by investors through a public stock exchange where such shares were acquired from a transaction through a public stock exchange.

There is uncertainty as to the application of Bulletin 37 or previous rules under Bulletin 7. We face uncertainties as to the reporting and other implications of certain past and future transactions where PRC taxable assets are involved, such as offshore restructuring, sale of the shares in our offshore subsidiaries or investments. Our company may be subject to filing obligations or taxes if our company is transferor in such transactions, and may be subject to withholding obligations if our company is transferee in such transactions, under Bulletin 37 and Bulletin 7. For transfer of shares in our company by investors that are non-PRC resident enterprises, our PRC subsidiary may be requested to assist in the filing under Bulletin 37 and Bulletin 7. As a result, we may be required to expend valuable resources to comply with Bulletin 37 and Bulletin 7 or to request the relevant transferors from whom we purchase taxable assets to comply with these circulars, or to establish that our company should not be taxed under these circulars, which may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We may be exposed to liabilities under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and Chinese anti-corruption laws, and any determination that we violated these laws could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We are subject to the Foreign Corrupt Practice Act, or FCPA, and other laws that prohibit improper payments or offers of payments to foreign governments and their officials and political parties by U.S. persons and issuers as defined by the statute, for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We have operations, agreements with third parties, and make most of our sales in China. The PRC also strictly prohibits bribery of government officials. Our activities in China create the risk of unauthorized payments or offers of payments by the employees, consultants, sales agents, or distributors of our Company, even though they may not always be subject to our control. It is our policy to implement safeguards to discourage these practices by our employees. However, our existing safeguards and any future improvements may prove to be less than effective, and the employees, consultants, sales agents, or distributors of our Company may engage in conduct for which we might be held responsible. Violations of the FCPA or Chinese anti-corruption laws may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions, and we may be subject to other liabilities, which could negatively affect our business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, the U.S. government may seek to hold our Company liable for successor liability FCPA violations committed by companies in which we invest or that we acquire.

If we become directly subject to the recent scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity involving U.S.-listed Chinese companies, we may have to expend significant resources to investigate and resolve the matter which could harm our business operations, stock price and reputation and could result in a loss of your investment in our stock, especially if such matter cannot be addressed and resolved favorably.

Recently, U.S. public companies that have substantially all of their operations in China, particularly companies like us which have completed so-called reverse merger transactions, have been the subject of intense scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity by investors, financial commentators and regulatory agencies, such as the SEC. Much of the scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity has centered around financial and accounting irregularities and mistakes, a lack of effective internal controls over financial accounting, inadequate corporate governance policies or a lack of adherence thereto and, in many cases, allegations of fraud. As a result of the scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity, the publicly traded stock of many U.S. listed Chinese companies has sharply decreased in value and, in some cases, has become virtually worthless. Many of these companies are now subject to shareholder lawsuits and SEC enforcement actions and are conducting internal and external investigations into the allegations. It is not clear what effect this sector-wide scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity will have on our Company, our business and our stock price. If we become the subject of any unfavorable allegations, whether such allegations are proven to be true or untrue, we will have to expend significant resources to investigate such allegations and/or defend our company. This situation will be costly and time consuming and distract our management from growing our company.

The disclosures in our reports and other filings with the SEC and our other public pronouncements are not subject to the scrutiny of any regulatory bodies in the PRC. Accordingly, our public disclosure should be reviewed in light of the fact that no governmental agency that is located in China where substantially all of our operations and business are located have conducted any due diligence on our operations or reviewed or cleared any of our disclosure.

We are regulated by the SEC and our reports and other filings with the SEC are subject to SEC review in accordance with the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. Unlike public reporting companies whose operations are located primarily in the United States, however, substantially all of our operations are located in China. Since substantially all of our operations and business takes place in China, it may be more difficult for the staff of the SEC to overcome the geographic and cultural obstacles that are present when reviewing our disclosure. These same obstacles are not present for similar companies whose operations or business take place entirely or primarily in the United States. Furthermore, our SEC reports and other disclosure and public pronouncements are not subject to the review or scrutiny of any PRC regulatory authority. For example, the disclosure in our SEC reports and other filings are not subject to the review of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, a PRC regulator that is tasked with oversight of the capital markets in China. Accordingly, you should review our SEC reports, filings and our other public pronouncements with the understanding that no local regulator has done any due diligence on our company and with the understanding that none of our SEC reports, other filings or any of our other public pronouncements has been reviewed or otherwise been scrutinized by any local regulator.

Risks Related to the Market for our Common Stock

Our common stock is quoted on the OTCQB market, which may have an unfavorable impact on our stock price and liquidity.

Our common stock is quoted on the OTCQB market. The OTCQB market is a significantly more limited market than the New York Stock Exchange or NASDAQ. The quotation of our shares on the OTCQB may result in a less liquid market available for existing and potential stockholders to trade shares of our common stock, could depress the trading price of our common stock and could have a long-term adverse impact on our ability to raise capital in the future. We plan to list our common stock as soon as practicable. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to meet the initial listing standards of any stock exchange, or that we will be able to maintain any such listing.

We are subject to penny stock regulations and restrictions and you may have difficulty selling shares of our common stock.

The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define so-called “penny stocks” to be an equity security that has a market price less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exemptions. Our common stock is a “penny stock” and is subject to Rule 15g-9 under the Exchange Act, or the Penny Stock Rule. This rule imposes additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers that sell such securities to persons other than established customers and “accredited investors” (generally, individuals with a net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or annual incomes exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with their spouses). For transactions covered by Rule 15g-9, a broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and have received the purchaser’s written consent to the transaction prior to sale. As a result, this rule may affect the ability of broker-dealers to sell our securities and may affect the ability of purchasers to sell any of our securities in the secondary market, thus possibly making it more difficult for us to raise additional capital.

For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require delivery, prior to any transaction in penny stock, of a disclosure schedule prepared by the SEC relating to the penny stock market. Disclosure is also required to be made about sales commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, monthly statements are required to be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stock.

There can be no assurance that our common stock will qualify for exemption from the Penny Stock Rule. In any event, even if our common stock were exempt from the Penny Stock Rule, we would remain subject to Section 15(b)(6) of the Exchange Act, which gives the SEC the authority to restrict any person from participating in a distribution of penny stock, if the SEC finds that such a restriction would be in the public interest.

We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future.

For the foreseeable future, we intend to retain any earnings to finance the development and expansion of our business, and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock. Accordingly, investors must be prepared to rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation to earn an investment return, which may never occur. Investors seeking cash dividends should not purchase our common stock. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our results of operations, financial condition, contractual restrictions, restrictions imposed by applicable law and other factors our board deems relevant.

Compliance with changing regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure will result in additional expenses.

Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including SOX and related SEC regulations, have created uncertainty for public companies and significantly increased the costs and risks associated with accessing the public markets and public reporting. Our management team will need to invest significant management time and financial resources to comply with both existing and evolving standards for public companies, which will lead to increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue generating activities to compliance activities.  

Provisions in our charter documents and under Nevada law could discourage a takeover that stockholders may consider favorable.

Provisions in our articles of incorporation and bylaws may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or changes in our management. Our board of directors has the right to determine the authorized number of directors.  In addition, we are authorized to issue up to 250,000,000 shares of preferred stock, in one or more classes or series as may be determined by our board of directors. The issuance of shares of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or of discouraging a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock.

Not applicable.

Our executive offices and all of our PRC subsidiaries and consolidated entities are located at 36th Floor, Shenzhen Development Center, #2010, Renmin South Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 518001, which consist of approximately 1678.75 square meters. We lease our facilities pursuant to a lease agreement that our variable interest entity, Portercity entered into with Beijing Na Sheng Hong Sale and Service Center on November 27, 2017 for a lease term commencing on December 1, 2017 and ending on February 28, 2023. We believe that all our properties have been adequately maintained, are generally in good condition, and are suitable and adequate for our business. We do not own or rent any real estate or other properties.

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings, which arise, in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these, or other matters, may arise from time to time that may harm our business. We are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

Not applicable.

PART II

Market Information

Our common stock is quoted and traded on the OTCQB market under the symbol “ULNV.” Any over-the-counter market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

Approximate Number of Holders of Our Common Stock

As of April 22, 2020, there were approximately 290 holders of record of our common stock, which does not include the number of stockholders holding shares of our common stock in “street name”. We believe the actual number of stockholders is greater than the number of holders of record.

Dividend Policy

We have never declared or paid any dividends, nor do we have any present plan to pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand our business.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

See Item 12, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters — Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans.”

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

We have not sold any equity securities during the 2019 fiscal year that were not previously disclosed in a quarterly report on Form 10-Q or a current report on Form 8-K that was filed during the 2019 fiscal year.

Purchases of Equity Securities

No repurchases of our common stock were made during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. 

Not applicable.

The following management’s discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the notes thereto and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains certain forward-looking information. See “Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements” above for certain information concerning those forward-looking statements. Our financial statements are prepared in U.S. dollars and in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Overview

On April 7, 2017, we completed the acquisition of PGL pursuant to the share purchase agreement. As a result of the acquisition, PGL became our wholly-owned subsidiary and the former shareholders of PGL became the holders of approximately 98.4% of our issued and outstanding capital stock on a fully-diluted basis. Since 2016, through our VIE entity, Porter Consulting, we have partnered with China Payment Technology Co., Ltd., a third-party online payment service provider (“China Payment”) to promote China Payment’s online payment platform to companies and businesses in Shenzhen and in return share a portion of the processing fees earned by China Payment as commission. Porter Consulting also partners with Shenzhen Xinghua Tongfu Technology Co., Ltd., a third-party online payment service provider (“Shenzhen Tongfu”), under which Porter Consulting agreed to promote Shenzhen Tongfu’s online payment platform, including the Point of Sale (POS) system, to companies and businesses in China and in return obtain a certain amount of commission based on the volume of trading through such online payment platform.

As a newly established company with limited operation history, we are at the early stage of developing our O2O business and our goal is to become a leading innovative O2O business platform operator providing both online E- commerce and offline physical business facilities to our merchant customers, where they can conduct business, interact with their existing and potential end-consumers face to face. Different from most other O2O companies, which often lack of integrated platforms, our goal is to provide one-stop services for our customers through our integrated online and offline platforms. As described fully below, we are developing and intend to offer products and services including both hosting our online marketplaces, www.pt37.com and www.17yugo.com for our merchant clients to post and sell their products and services online and managing and operating physical business facilities, Porter City, that our online merchant clients can utilize to conduct their businesses offline. We are currently developing merchant clients who are engaged in businesses including manufacturing, real estate, trade and financing. In the future, we intend to expand our merchant client base to industries of big data, new materials, new energy, green food and environment protection.

According to the development demand and future goals of our customers, in 2018 we started to offer a series of services such as business planning, financial guidance, business matching and guidance for listing primarily in the United States. At present, in our customer pool, many small and medium-sized enterprises have increased their public awareness. They are seeking the potential advantages of being a listed company and striving for obtaining the recognition of international capital to accelerate their corporate expansion. However many enterprises themselves may not be familiar with the listing requirements, laws and regulations of different capital markets, and the process of obtaining financing from overseas markets.

In order to help our customers who intend to access overseas capital markets, we have a team of experienced professionals who have professional knowledge of the listing rules and regulations of various capital markets. We will make full use of our expertise and resources in the capital markets to assist these customers to achieve their goals.

Recent Developments

The ongoing coronavirus pandemic that first surfaced in China and is spreading throughout the world has had a material adverse effect on our industry and the markets in which we operate. Most of our revenues and our workforce are concentrated in China. The epidemic has caused our customers to take longer time to make payments, which subjects us to increased credit exposures. The quarantines throughout China in the past few months impeded our ability to recruit new clients and made us postpone providing services to existing clients most of which were engaged last year. Travel restrictions also limited clients’ ability to visit and meet us in person, which made it harder to build trust and engage clients. The update of products information on our e-commerce platform and the delivery of goods may be delayed due to the late resumption of work by manufacturers. The imported goods on our platform will face more challenges as the pandemic continues outside China, and our distribution channel may be disrupted if the operations of our distributors are interrupted by the outbreak. The foregoing adverse impacts might be mitigated as quarantines across China have been largely lifted as of late March and the Chinese government has rolled out an array of favorable fiscal measures. On March 23, 2020, the government of Shenzhen, China where we are headquartered announced that the city will ease travel restrictions and return to normal. We are currently negotiating with customers on their payment issues and allow them to pay after resuming operations. We will closely monitor these accounts receivable.

However, as the coronavirus outbreak continues to spread beyond China, the extent to which the coronavirus impacts our operations and results in the long-term will depend on future developments, including, among others, actions of the Chinese government to contain imported infections, which are highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted. We expect our total revenues in the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2020 to decrease year over year, and there is no guarantee that our total revenues during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020 will not decline from the prior year. The outbreak has been evolving rapidly. We will continue to monitor and mitigate developments affecting our workforce, our customers, and the public at large to the extent we are able to do so. See “Risks Related to Our Business—Our business operations have been and may continue to be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19).”

Results of Operations

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

The following table sets forth key components of our results of operations during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, both in dollars and as a percentage of our revenue.

Revenue. Our revenue was $3,382,586 for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to $3,454,247 for the same period last year. Starting from the second quarter of 2018, we commence to provide various consulting services to our customers, especially those who have the intention to be publicly listed primarily on the stock exchanges in the United States, and service income from the provision of these consulting services totaled $2,801,340 and $3,279,074 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Moreover, starting from the first quarter of 2019, the Company provides various training services to its clients, primarily related to e-commerce platform operation, expansion of channels and promotion strategy and capital market operation, through live and online sessions. The service income from providing training services totaled $380,223 for the year ended December 31, 2019. Through Porter Consulting we also promote the payment service of a third-party payment service provider to merchants in Shenzhen and in return share a portion of the processing fees earned by the third-party payment service provider as commission. Our commission totaled $84,930 and $153,693 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. $31,697 and $6,669 revenues generated from cosmetic trading business for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Cost of revenue.  Our cost of revenue was $1,544,166 for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to $146,296 for the same period last year. Cost of revenue refers to the cost of consulting services, third-party payment service and other business. The project cost of consulting service at the later stage is usually higher than that of the earlier stage. The increase was due to several projects finished during the second half year ended December 31, 2019, while projects just started during the last year. The cost of consulting service refers to the shell company acquisitions, legal and accounting advisory service outsourced to third-party service providers. 

Gross profit and gross margin. Our gross profit was $1,838,420 for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared with a gross profit of $3,307,951 for the same period last year. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue (gross margin) was 54.35% for year ended December 31, 2019, compared to 95.76% for year ended December 31, 2018. The decrease of gross profit was mainly due to the higher project cost of consulting service at the later stage as compared to the earlier stage.

General and administrative expenses. As shown below, our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits to our general management, finance and administrative staff, professional fees and other expenses incurred in connection with general operations. Our general and administrative expenses increased by $604,082 to $2,519,338 for year ended December 31, 2019, from $1,915,256 for the same period in 2018. Legal and professional fees increased due to the change in auditors and consultants in 2019. Increase in others was mainly due to addition of $476,694 allowance for doubtful accounts reserved during year ended December 31, 2019.

Income tax expense. Our Income tax expense was $1,055 and nil for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Net (loss) income. As a result of the cumulative effect of the factors described above, our net loss was $570,648 for the year ended December 31, 2019 and net income $1,404,388 for the same period in 2018.

Limited Operating History; Need for Additional Capital

There is limited historical financial information about us on which to base an evaluation of our performance. We cannot guarantee we will be successful in our business operations. Our business is subject to risks inherent in the establishment of a new business enterprise, including limited capital resources, a narrow client base, limited sources of revenue, and possible cost overruns due to the price and cost increases in supplies and services.

Without additional funding, management believes that we will not have sufficient funds to meet our obligations beyond one year after the date our consolidated financial statements are issued. These conditions give rise to substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. 

We have been, and intend to continue, working toward identifying and obtaining new sources of financing. To date we have been dependent on related parties for our source of funding. No assurances can be given that we will be successful in obtaining additional financing in the future. Any future financing that we may obtain may cause significant dilution to existing stockholders. Any debt financing or other financing of securities senior to common stock that we are able to obtain will likely include financial and other covenants that will restrict our flexibility. Any failure to comply with these covenants would have a negative impact on our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to delay, scale back or eliminate portions of our operations or obtain funds through arrangements with strategic partners or others that may require us to relinquish rights to certain of our assets. Accordingly, the inability to obtain such financing could result in a significant loss of ownership and/or control of our assets and could also adversely affect our ability to fund our continued operations and our expansion efforts.

Currently we spend approximately $200,000 per month for basic operations. During the next 12 months, we expect to incur the same amount of expenses each month. However, as we work to expand our operations, we expect to incur significant research, marketing and development costs and expenses on our online service platforms that meet the constantly evolving industry standards and consumer demands. We will also need to hire additional employees in order to provide new services and accommodate new clients.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Working Capital

As of December 31, 2019, we had cash of $224,733. To date, we have financed our operations primarily through borrowings from our stockholders, related and unrelated parties.

Going Concern Uncertainties

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. We have incurred net loss of $570,648 during the year ended December 31, 2019, resulting in an accumulated deficit of $2,200,932 as of December 31, 2019, and we currently have net working capital deficit of $1,037,675. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon generating profitable operations in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet our obligations and repay our liabilities arising from normal business operations when they become due. We may have to rely on additional debt financing, loans from existing directors and shareholders and private placements of capital stock for additional funding. Our sources of capital in the past have included borrowings from our stockholders and related parties. The sale of additional equity securities could result in dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could require us to agree to operating and financial covenants that would restrict our operations. Financing may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we are unable to generate profitable operations and/ or obtaining the necessary financing, we may be forced to curtail operations.

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $588,575 for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to $1,011,418 net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2018. The net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 was mainly due to our net loss of $570,648, an increase in account receivables of $840,464, an increase in prepayments and other receivables of $65,901 and a decrease in operating lease liability of $241,476, partially offset by the increase in accounts payable of $128,739, and deferred revenue of $262,876. The net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 was mainly due to our net income of $1,404,388, a decrease in prepayments and other receivables of $126,602 and an increase in accruals and other payables of $193,544, partially offset by increase in accounts receivable of $726,500.

Investing Activities

Net cash provided by investing activities was $ 2,278 for the year ended December 31, 2019, as compared to $73,072 net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018. The net cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 was mainly attributable to the business combination of Maihuolang E-commerce. The net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 was mainly attributable to purchase of equipment.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $153,978, as compared to $423,236 net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2019, we obtained proceeds from sales of non-controlling interests of $289,514, advances of $7,120,343 from shareholders, repaid $6,905,449 to shareholders and $350,430 to related parties. During the year of 2018, we obtained capital contribution from non-controlling interests of $58,178, advances of $719,142 from shareholders and repaid $1,200,556 to related parties.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

We had the following contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31, 2019:

We believe that our current cash and financing from our existing stockholders are adequate to support operations for at least the next 12 months. We may, however, in the future, require additional cash resources due to changed business conditions, implementation of our strategy to expand our business or other investments or acquisitions we may decide to pursue. If our own financial resources are insufficient to satisfy our capital requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain additional credit facilities. The sale of additional equity securities could result in dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could require us to agree to operating and financial covenants that would restrict our operations. Financing may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Any failure by us to raise additional funds on terms favorable to us, or at all, could limit our ability to expand our business operations and could harm our overall business prospects.

Capital Expenditures

We incurred capital expenditures of $3,843 and $73,108 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources that is material to investors.

Critical Accounting Policies

We regularly evaluate the accounting policies and estimates that we use to make budgetary and financial statement assumptions. A complete summary of these policies is included in the notes to our financial statements. In general, management's estimates are based on historical experience, on information from third party professionals, and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the facts and circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates made by management. The discussion of our critical accounting policies contained in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” is incorporated herein by reference.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For further information on recently issued accounting pronouncements, see Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Not applicable.

 INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders

Porter Holding International, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Porter Holding International, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), changes in stockholders’ deficit and cash flows for the two years in the period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Consideration of the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company records an accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2019, and the Company currently has net working capital deficit. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regards to these matters are also described in Note 2. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Friedman LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019.

New York, New York

May 1, 2020

PORTER HOLDING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018

(In U.S. dollars)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

PORTER HOLDING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018

(In U.S. dollars)

* Less than $0.01 per share 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

PORTER HOLDING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018

(In U.S. dollars)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

PORTER HOLDING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018

(In U.S. dollars)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

PORTER HOLDING INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31 2019 AND 2018

(In U.S. dollars)

Porter Holding International, Inc. (formerly known as Uni Line Corp., “ULNV” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Nevada on September 5, 2013.

On December 16, 2016, the Company entered into a share purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Porter Group Limited (“PGL”) to acquire all issued and outstanding shares of PGL. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to issue 500,000,000 shares of its common stock to the owners of the PGL (“the share exchange”).

Porter Group Limited (“PGL”) was incorporated in the Republic of Seychelles on October 13, 2016, and is a holding company. PGL owns 100% of Porter Perspective Business Group Limited, a company incorporated in Hong Kong (“PPBGL”) which in turn owns 100% of Shenzhen Qianhai Porter Industrial Co. Ltd. (“Qianhai Porter”), a company incorporated in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”).

On December 15, 2016, Qianhai Porter, Shenzhen Portercity Investment Management Co. Ltd. (a company incorporated in the PRC; “Portercity”) and Mr. Zonghua Chen (the Company’s Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and President since December 19, 2016) and Ms. Xiaomei Xiong (spouse of Mr. Zongjian Chen), the shareholders (the “Shareholders”) of Portercity entered into commercial arrangements, or collectively, VIE Agreements, pursuant to which PGL has contractual rights to control and operate the businesses of Portercity and its three operating wholly-owned subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC (collectively the “VIE Entities”):

(a)     Shenzhen Porter Warehouse E-Commerce Co. Ltd. (“Porter E-Commerce”);

(b)     Shenzhen Yihuilian Information Consulting Co. Ltd. (“Porter Consulting”); and

(c)     Shenzhen Porter Commercial Perspective Network Co. Ltd. (“Porter Commercial”).

The VIE Agreements entered into by and between Qianhai Porter, Portercity and the Shareholders are as follows:

As a result of the above contractual arrangements, or the Contractual Arrangements, PGL has substantial control over the VIE Entities’ daily operations and financial affairs, election of their senior executives and all matters requiring shareholder approval. Furthermore, as the primary beneficiary of the VIE Entities, the Company is entitled to consolidate the financial results of the VIE Entities in its own consolidated financial statements under Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) Topic 810 and related subtopics related to the consolidation of variable interest entities, or ASC Topic 810.

The Company and its subsidiaries and VIE entities (collectively referred to as the “Company”) focus its business as an innovative O2O (Online to Offline) business platform operator covering both online E-commerce and offline commercial chain entity of three dimensional synchronous operation together with integrated comprehensive services for merchant clients, service income from organizing and delivering an event and forum, and third-party payment service. Starting from the second quarter of 2018, the Company provides investment and corporate management consulting services to its clients.

On June 28, 2018, Portercity and Mr. Zhibo Mao established Weifang Porter City Commercial Management Company Limited (“Weifang Portercity”) in Weifang, Shandong Province, the PRC, with a registered capital of RMB1 million ($0.1 million), which should be paid up by December 31, 2028. Portercity and Mr. Zhibo Mao hold 60% and 40% equity interest in Weifang Portercity, respectively. On February 19, 2019, Mr. Zhibo Mao transferred 40% equity interest to Mr. Zhiqing Mao. Weifang Portercity engages in the business of providing various consulting services to its clients, especially to those who have the intention to be publicly listed in the stock exchanges in the United States and other countries.

In August 2019, Porter E-Commerce acquired 60% of the equity interest in Shenzhen Qianhai Maihuolang E-commerce Co., Ltd. (“Maihuolang E-commerce”), which is engaged in the business of online E-commerce (See Note 3 – Business combinations). In October 2019, the shareholders of Maihuolang E-commerce resolved that the registered capital from RMB 5,000,000 ($718,205) to RMB 5,263,157 ($756,005), and such increase in registered capital would be contributed by the non-controlling interest shareholder. Consequently, the equity interest in Maihuolang E-commerce owned by the Company was changed to 57%.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”).

Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred net loss of $570,648 during the year ended December 31, 2019, resulting in an accumulated deficit of $2,200,932 as of December 31, 2019, and it currently has net working capital deficit of $1,037,675. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company generating profitable operations in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they become due. The Company may have to rely on additional debt financing, loans from existing directors and shareholders and private placements of capital stock for additional funding. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in its plans described above or in attracting equity or alternative financing on acceptable terms, or if at all.

These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these consolidation financial statements requires management of the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses, and related disclosures. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its estimates based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Identified below are the accounting policies that reflect the Company’s most significant estimates and judgments, and those that the Company believes are the most critical to fully understanding and evaluating its consolidated financial statements.

Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, its subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

A subsidiary is an entity in which (i) the Company directly or indirectly controls more than 50% of the voting power; or (ii) the Company has the power to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors or to cast a majority of votes at the meeting of the board of directors or to govern the financial and operating policies of the investee pursuant to a statute or under an agreement among the shareholders or equity holders.

VIE Consolidation

The Company’s VIEs with the exception of Weifang Portercity and Maihuolang E-commerce, are wholly owned by Mr. Zonghua Chen and Ms. Xiaomei Xiong as nominee shareholders. For the consolidated VIEs, management made evaluations of the relationships between the Company and the VIEs and the economic benefit flow of contractual arrangements with the VIEs. In connection with such evaluation, management also took into account the fact that, as a result of such contractual arrangements, the Company controls the shareholders’ voting interests in these VIEs. As a result of such evaluation, management concluded that the Company is the primary beneficiary of its consolidated VIEs.

PRC laws and regulations prohibit or restrict foreign ownership of companies that operate Internet information and content, Internet access, online games, mobile, value added telecommunications and certain other businesses in which the Company is engaged or could be deemed to be engaged. Consequently, the Company conducts certain of its operations and businesses in the PRC through its VIEs. The Company consolidates in its consolidated financial statements all of the VIEs of which the Company is the primary beneficiary.

The following financial information of the Company’s consolidated VIEs (including subsidiary of VIEs) is included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements:

(1) Amount due from the Company and its non-VIE subsidiaries consists of intercompany from other non-VIE subsidiaries within the Company. 

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenues when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Company recognizes revenues following the five step model prescribed under ASU No. 2014-09: (i) identify contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenues when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation.

Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, which may occur at a point in time or over time depending on the terms and conditions of the agreement, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

The Company via Porter Consulting earned commissions of $84,930 and $153,693 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 respectively, primarily from a third-party payment service provider when China UnionPay card transactions are completed and settled. Revenue related to commissions is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations at the time when the underlying transaction is completed.

The third-party payment provider is a China UnionPay card acquiring institution and earns processing fees from China UnionPay card transactions. The Company’s performance obligation is to promote, via Porter Consulting, the payment service of the third-party payment service provider to merchants in Shenzhen, for which the Company shares a portion of the processing fees earned by the third-party payment service provider from China UnionPay, as commission.

Starting from the second quarter of 2018, the Company via Portercity provides various consulting services to its clients, especially to those who have the intention to be publicly listed in the stock exchanges in the United States and other countries. The Company categorizes its consulting services into three phases:

Phase I consulting services primarily include due diligence review, market research and feasibility study, business plan drafting, accounting record review, and business analysis and recommendations etc. Management estimates that Phase I normally takes around three months to complete based on its past experiences.

Phase II consulting services primarily include reorganization, pre-listing education and tutoring, talent search, legal and audit firm recommendation and coordination, VIE contracts and other public-listing related documents review, merger and acquisition planning, investor referral and pre-listing equity financing source identification and recommendation, independent directors and audit committee candidates recommendation; shell company identification and recommendation for customers expecting to become publicly listed through reverse merger transaction; etc. Management estimates that Phase II normally takes about five months to complete based its past experiences.

Phase III consulting services primarily include assistance in preparation of customers’ registration statement under IPO transactions or Form 8-K under reverse merger transactions; assistance in answering comments and questions received from regulatory agencies etc. Management believes it is very difficult to estimate the timing of this phase of service as the completion of Phase III services is not within the Company’s control.

Under ASC Topic 606, in order to recognize revenue, the Company is required to identify an approved contract with commitments to perform respective obligations, identify rights of each party in the transaction regarding goods to be transferred, identify the payment terms for the goods transferred, verify that the contract has commercial substance and verify that collection of substantially all consideration is probable. Each phase of consulting services is standalone and fees associated with each phase are usually clearly identified in service agreements. Revenue from providing Phase I and Phase II consulting services to customers is recognized based on the output methods, including surveys of performance completed to date or milestones reached of each phase only when the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Otherwise, such revenue is recognized at a point in time when services are delivered and accepted by customers. Revenue from providing Phase III consulting services to customers is recognized upon completion of reverse merger transaction or IPO transaction, which is evidenced by filing of 8-K for reverse merger transaction or receipt of effective notice from regulatory agencies for IPO transaction. Revenue that has been billed and not yet recognized is reflected as deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheets.

Depending on the complexity of the underlying service arrangement and related terms and conditions, significant judgments, assumptions and estimates may be required to determine when substantial delivery of contract elements has occurred, whether any significant ongoing obligations exist subsequent to contract execution, whether amounts due are collectible and the appropriate period or periods in which, or during which, the completion of the earnings process occurs. Depending on the magnitude of specific revenue arrangements, adjustment may be made to the judgments, assumptions and estimates regarding contracts executed in any specific period. Service income from consulting services, totaled $2,801,340 and $3,279,074 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, is recognized when the service is performed.

In accordance with ASC 606, the Company evaluates whether it is appropriate to record the gross amount of product sales and related costs or the net amount earned by PPBGL as commissions. When the Company is primarily obligated in a transaction, is subject to inventory risk, has latitude in establishing prices and selecting suppliers, or has several but not all of these indicators, revenues should be recorded on a gross basis. When the Company is not the primary obligor, does not bear the inventory risk and does not have the ability to establish the price, revenues are recorded on a net basis. The Company determined that it is not the primary obligor in its cosmetic trading business. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized a net revenue of $31,697 and $6,669, when control of the products has transferred, being at the point the products are delivered to the customer and the customer has accepted the products, and there is no unfulfilled obligation that could affect the customer’s acceptance of the products.

Starting from the first quarter of 2019, the Company, via PPBGL, Maihuolang E-commerce and Porter Commercial, provides various training services to its clients, primarily related to e-commerce platform operation, expansion of channels and promotion strategy, and capital market operation, via live and online sessions. Under ASC Topic 606, in order to recognize revenue, the Company is required to identify an approved contract with commitments to perform respective obligations, identify rights of each party in the transaction regarding goods to be transferred, identify the payment terms for the goods transferred, verify that the contract has commercial substance and verify that collection of substantially all consideration is probable. The fees associated with the course of training sessions are clearly identified in service agreements. Training service revenue is recognized at the time when the training sessions stipulated in the contract are completed. The Company recognized $380,223 for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Practical expedients and exemption

The company has not occurred any costs to obtain contracts, and does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.

Other service income is earned when services have been rendered.

Revenue by major product line

Revenue by recognition over time vs point in time

Fixed price contracts

Taxation

Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach which requires the recognition of income taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred income taxes are determined based on the differences between the accounting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the currently enacted tax rates and laws (refer to the header “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion on the impact to the enacted tax laws in 2017). Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance, if based on available evidence, it is considered that it is more likely than not that some portion of or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In making such determination, the Company considers factors including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, future profitability, and tax planning strategies. If events were to occur in the future that would allow the Company to realize more of its deferred tax assets than the presently recorded net amount, an adjustment would be made to the deferred tax assets that would increase income for the period when those events occurred. If events were to occur in the future that would require the Company to realize less of its deferred tax assets than the presently recorded net amount, an adjustment would be made to the valuation allowance against deferred tax assets that would decrease income for the period when those events occurred. Significant management judgment is required in determining income tax expense and deferred tax assets and liabilities.

The Company’s deferred tax assets relate to the Company’s net operating losses in the U.S. and net operating losses and temporary differences between accounting basis and tax basis for its China-based subsidiaries and VIEs, which are subject to corporate income tax in the PRC under the PRC Corporate Income Tax Law (the “CIT Law”).

Uncertain Tax Positions

Management reviews regularly the adequacy of the provisions for taxes as they relate to the Company’s income and transactions. In order to assess uncertain tax positions, the Company applies a more likely than not threshold and a two-step approach for tax position measurement and financial statement recognition. For the two-step approach, the first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement.

According to the PRC Tax Administration and Collection Law, the statute of limitations is three years if the underpayment of taxes is due to computational errors made by the taxpayer or its withholding agent. The statute of limitations extends to five years under special circumstances, which are not clearly defined. In the case of a related party transaction, the statute of limitations is ten years. There is no statute of limitations in the case of tax evasion.

In January 2018, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”) to provide guidance for companies that have not completed their accounting for the income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act in the period of enactment. Specifically, SAB 118 states that companies that have not completed accounting for the effects of the 2017 Tax Act by financial reporting deadlines may report provisional amounts based on reasonable estimates for items for which the accounting is incomplete. Those provisional amounts will be subject to adjustment during a measurement period that begins in the reporting period that includes the 2017 Tax Act’s enactment date and ends when a company has obtained, prepared and analyzed the information needed to complete the accounting requirements under ASC 740 Income Taxes. The measurement period should not extend beyond one year from the enactment date. Furthermore, SAB 118 states that if a company cannot make a reasonable estimate for an income tax effect, it should not account for that effect until it can make such an estimate.

One-time transitional tax. As part of the 2017 Tax Act, total foreign earnings and profits (“E&P”) after 1986, that were previously deferred from U.S. federal taxation, are subject to a one-time tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings. The Company’s provisional analysis of the one-time transition tax resulted in no additional taxes being owed due to the overall accumulated E&P deficit for the income tax purpose.

The Company has determined that we cannot make a reasonable estimate of the income tax effect with respect to global intangible low taxed income (GILTI) provisions of the 2017 Tax Act. The GILTI provisions allow companies to make an accounting policy election to either (i) account for GILTI as a component of tax expense in the period in which the entity is subject to the rules or (ii) account for GILTI in the entity’s measurement of deferred taxes. Refer to the Note 11 – “Income Taxes” for further discussion on the impact of tax laws enacted during 2017.

Foreign Currency and Foreign Currency Translation

The functional currency of the Company and PGL is the United States dollar (“US dollar”). The functional currency of the PPBGL is the Hong Kong dollar. The Company’s subsidiary and VIEs with operations in PRC uses the local currency, the Chinese Yuan (“RMB”), as their functional currencies. An entity’s functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which it operates, normally that is the currency of the environment in which the entity primarily generates and expends cash. Management’s judgment is essential to determine the functional currency by assessing various indicators, such as cash flows, sales price and market, expenses, financing and inter-company transactions and arrangements.

Foreign currency transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are re-measured at the applicable rates of exchange in effect at that date. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency re-measurement are included in the statements of comprehensive loss.

The consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date, and revenues and expenses are translated at the average of the exchange rates in effect during the reporting period. Stockholders’ equity accounts are translated using the historical exchange rates at the date the entry to stockholders’ equity was recorded, except for the change in retained earnings during the period, which is translated using the historical exchange rates used to translate each period’s income statement. Differences resulting from translating functional currencies to the reporting currency are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated balance sheets.

Translation of amounts from RMB and HKD into U.S. dollars has been made at the following exchange rates:

Cash

Cash consist of cash on hand and at banks and highly liquid investments, which are unrestricted from withdrawal or use, and which have original maturities of three months or less when purchased.

Accounts Receivable, Net

The carrying value of accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance that reflects the Company’s best estimate of the amounts that will not be collected. The Company makes estimations of the collectability of accounts receivable. Many factors are considered in estimating the general allowance, including reviewing delinquent accounts receivable, performing an aging analysis and a customer credit analysis, and analyzing historical bad debt records and current economic trends.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets consist primarily of equipment and intangible assets.

Equipment

Equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.

Expenditure for maintenance and repairs is expensed as incurred.

The gain or loss on the disposal of equipment is the difference between the net sales proceeds and the lower of the carrying value or fair value less cost to sell the relevant assets and is recognized in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets mainly comprise domain names and trademarks. Intangible assets are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization with no residual value. Amortization of intangible assets is computed using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives.

The estimated useful lives of the Company’s intangible assets are listed below:

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

In accordance with ASC 360-10-35, the Company reviews the carrying values of long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Based on the existence of one or more indicators of impairment, the Company measures any impairment of long-lived assets using the projected discounted cash flow method at the asset group level. The estimation of future cash flows requires significant management judgment based on the Company’s historical results and anticipated results and is subject to many factors. The discount rate that is commensurate with the risk inherent in the Company’s business model is determined by its management. An impairment loss would be recorded if the Company determined that the carrying value of long-lived assets may not be recoverable. The impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying values of the assets exceed the fair value of the assets. No impairment has been recorded by the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Net (loss) earnings per share of common stock

The Company has adopted ASC Topic 260, “Earnings per Share,” (“EPS”) which requires presentation of basic EPS on the face of the income statement for all entities with complex capital structures and requires a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation. In the accompanying consolidation financial statements, basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.

The Company has no potentially dilutive securities, such as options or warrants, currently issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2019, and 2018.

Segments

The Company evaluates a reporting unit by first identifying its operating segments, and then evaluates each operating segment to determine if it includes one or more components that constitute a business. If there are components within an operating segment that meets the definition of a business, the Company evaluates those components to determine if they must be aggregated into one or more reporting units. If applicable, when determining if it is appropriate to aggregate different operating segments, the Company determines if the segments are economically similar and, if so, the operating segments are aggregated. The Company has only one major reportable segment in the periods presented while the remaining segments collectively consists of less than 10% of the revenue.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

U.S. GAAP establishes a three-tier hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring the fair value of financial instruments. This hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The three-tier fair value hierarchy is:

Level 1 – observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 – include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market place.

Level 3 – unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, accounts and other receivables, other current assets, accounts and other payables, and other short-term liabilities approximate their fair value due to their short maturities.

In accordance with ASC 825, for investments in financial instruments with a variable interest rate indexed to performance of underlying assets, the Company elected the fair value method at the date of initial recognition and carried these investments at fair value. Changes in the fair value are reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as other income (expense). To estimate fair value, the Company refers to the quoted rate of return provided by banks at the end of each period using the discounted cash flow method. The Company classifies the valuation techniques that use these inputs as Level 2 of fair value measurements.

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had no investments in financial instruments.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the underlying net assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may be impaired. The goodwill impairment test is a two-step test. Under the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying value including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, step two does not need to be performed. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists for the reporting unit and the enterprise must perform step two of the impairment test. Under step two, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner comparable to a purchase price allocation. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill. As of December 31, 2019, the Company performed the required impairment review which resulted in no impairment adjustment.

Non-controlling Interest

Non-controlling interest mainly consists of an aggregate of 43% of the equity interests of Maihuolang E-commerce held by two entities and 40% of the equity interests of Weifang Portercity held by an entity. The non-controlling interests are presented in the consolidated balance sheets, separately from equity attributable to the shareholders of the Company. Non-controlling interests in the results of the Company are presented on the consolidated statement of operations as an allocation of the total income or loss for the year between non-controlling interest holders and the shareholders of the Company.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. As the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable for the operating lease, the Company generally uses an incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date to determine the present value of future lease payments. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU assets”) assets represent the Company’s right to control the use of an identified asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets are generally recognized based on the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability. The lease has remaining lease term of approximately four years. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance to combine the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for operating leases associated with the Company’s office space lease, and to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the balance sheet and recognize the associated lease payments in the consolidated statements of income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The operating lease is included in operating lease right-of-use assets, operating lease liabilities-current and operating lease liabilities-non-current on the consolidated balance sheets.

Reclassification

Certain reclassifications have been made to the consolidated financial statements for year ended December 31, 2018 to conform to the presentation of consolidated financial statement for year ended December 31, 2019. These reclassifications had no effect on net loss or cash flows as previously reported. As of December 31, 2018, the Company reclassified certain amounts to deferred revenue from accruals and other payables.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases, using the modified retrospective method which allows for the application of the transition provisions at the beginning of the period of adoption, rather than at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in these audited consolidated financial statements. As permitted by the guidance, the Company elected to retain the original lease classification and historical accounting for initial direct costs for leases existing prior to the adoption date and did not reassess contracts entered into prior to the adoption date for the existence of a lease. The Company also did not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases, which are leases in existence as of the adoption date with an original term of twelve months or less.

As a result of the adoption of the standard, based on the present value of the lease payments for the remaining lease term of the Company’s existing leases, the Company recognized ROU assets of $0.97 million and lease liabilities of $1.01 million on its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. The assets and liabilities recognized upon application of the transition provisions were primarily associated with existing office and storage leases. There were no finance leases as of December 31, 2019.

Accounting Pronouncements Issued But Not Yet Adopted

In August 2018, the FASB Accounting Standards Board issued ASU No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement” (“ASU 2018-13”). ASU 2018-13 modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The removed and modified disclosures will be adopted on a retrospective basis and the new disclosures will be adopted on a prospective basis. The Company does not expect this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, which is an update to ASU Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which introduced the expected credit losses methodology for the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost basis, replacing the previous incurred loss methodology. The amendments in Update 2016-13 added Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, and made several consequential amendments to the Codification. Update 2016-13 also modified the accounting for available-for-sale debt securities, which must be individually assessed for credit losses when fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, in accordance with Subtopic 326-30, Financial Instruments— Credit Losses—Available-for-Sale Debt Securities. The amendments in this ASU address those stakeholders’ concerns by providing an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for certain financial assets previously measured at amortized cost basis. For those entities, the targeted transition relief will increase comparability of financial statement information by providing an option to align measurement methodologies for similar financial assets. Furthermore, the targeted transition relief also may reduce the costs for some entities to comply with the amendments in Update 2016-13 while still providing financial statement users with decision-useful information. ASU 2019-05 is effective for the Company for annual and interim reporting periods beginning January 1, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12: Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740), which removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and improves consistent application of and simplifies GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect of adopting this new accounting guidance but does not expect adoption will have a material impact on the Company's disclosures.

Except for the above-mentioned pronouncements, there are no new recent issued accounting standards that will have material impact on the consolidated financial position, statements of operations and cash flows. 

On August 25, 2019, Porter E-Commerce entered into a share purchase agreement (the “Maihuolang Agreement”) with Mr. Kezhan Ma, former controlling shareholder of Maihuolang E-commerce (“Maihuolang Seller”). Neither Porter E-Commerce nor its affiliates have any material relationship with the Maihuolang Seller other than with respect to the Maihuolang Agreement.

Pursuant to the Maihuolang Agreement, Porter E-Commerce agreed to acquire 60% of the capital stock of Maihuolang E-commerce collectively held by the Maihuolang Seller, for an aggregate consideration of RMB 1 ($0.1) in cash.

The Company’s acquisition of Maihuolang E-commerce was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with ASC 805. The Company has allocated the purchase price of Maihuolang E-commerce based upon the fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date. The Company estimated the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date in accordance with the business combination standard issued by the FASB with the valuation methodologies using cost approach. Management of the Company is responsible for determining the fair value of assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangible assets identified as of the acquisition date and considered a number of factors including valuations from independent appraisers. Acquisition-related costs incurred for the acquisitions are not material and have been expensed as incurred in general and administrative expense.

The following table summarizes the fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, which represents the net purchase price allocation at the date of the acquisition of Maihuolang E-commerce based on a valuation performed by an independent valuation firm engaged by the Company:

$33,375 of goodwill arising from the acquisition consists largely of synergies expected from combining the operations of Porter E-Commerce and Maihuolang E-commerce. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The above fair value valuation is a finalized assessment.

Accounts receivable consist of the following:

The following table sets forth the movement of allowance for doubtful accounts:

Prepayments and other receivables consist of the following:

As of December 31, 2019, prepayments mainly represented the prepaid cost of consulting services.

Equipment, net consist of the following: