PRECIGEN, INC. - Annual Report: 2013 (Form 10-K)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013

OR

For the transition period from                      to                     .

Commission File Number: 001-36042

INTREXON CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (561) 410-7000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of June 30, 2013, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, there was no established public market for the registrant’s common stock and, therefore, the registrant cannot calculate the aggregate market value of its common stock held by non-affiliates as of such date. At December 31, 2013, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates based upon the closing price of such shares on the New York Stock Exchange on such date was approximately $814.4 million. Shares of common stock held by each executive officer, director and by each person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding common stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

As of March 20, 2014, there were issued and outstanding 97,794,655 shares of common stock.

Documents incorporated by reference: Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2014 Annual Meeting of stockholders are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.

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PART I

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Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, which statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K regarding our strategy, future events, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects, plans, objectives of management and expected market growth are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “would” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements about:

Forward-looking statements may also concern our expectations relating to AquaBounty Technologies, Inc. We caution you that the foregoing list may not contain all of the forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. We have included important factors in the cautionary statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly in Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments that we may make.

You should read this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the documents that we reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the documents that we have filed as exhibits completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

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PART I

At present rates of global industrialization and population growth, food and energy supplies and environmental and healthcare resources are becoming more scarce and/or costly. We believe it is not a viable option for mankind to continue on this path — new solutions will be necessary to preserve and globally expand a high quality of life. We believe that synthetic biology is a solution.

We believe Intrexon is a leader in the field of synthetic biology, an emerging and rapidly evolving discipline that applies engineering principles to biological systems. Using our suite of proprietary and complementary technologies, we design, build and regulate gene programs, which are DNA sequences that consist of key genetic components. A single gene program or a complex, multi-genic program is fabricated and stored within a DNA vector. Vectors are segments of DNA used as a vehicle to transmit genetic information. DNA vectors can, in turn, be introduced into cells in order to generate a simple or complex cellular system, which are the basic and complex cellular activities that take place within a cell and the interaction of those systems in the greater cellular environment. It is these genetically modified cell systems that can be used to produce proteins, produce small molecules, or serve as cell-based products, which enable the development of new and improved products and manufacturing processes across a variety of end markets, including healthcare, food, energy and environmental sciences. Our synthetic biology capabilities include the ability to precisely control the amount, location and modification of biological molecules to control the function and output of living cells and optimize for desired results at an industrial scale.

Working with our collaborators, we seek to create more effective, less costly and more sustainable solutions than can be provided through current industry practices. We believe our approach to synthetic biology can enable new and improved biotherapeutics, increase the productivity and quality of food crops and livestock, create sustainable alternative energy sources and chemical feed stocks and provide for enhanced environmental remediation. Our business model is to commercialize our technologies through exclusive channel collaborations, or ECCs, with collaborators that have industry expertise, development resources and sales and marketing capabilities to bring new and improved products and processes to market.

Our technologies combine the principles of precision engineering, statistical modeling, automation and production at an industrial scale. We efficiently engineer precise and complex gene programs across many cell types. We apply the engineering principle of a design-build-test-learn continuum, through which we accumulate knowledge about the characteristics and performance of gene programs and cell lines. This process of continuous learning allows us to enhance our ability to design and build improved and more complex gene programs and cellular systems.

We believe our technologies are broadly applicable across many diverse end markets, including some end markets that have failed to recognize the applicability of synthetic biology or failed to efficiently utilize biologically based processes to produce products. We have devised our business model to bring many different commercial products to market through the formation of ECCs with collaborators that have expertise within specific industry segments, but, to date, no commercial products have been enabled by our technologies. In our ECCs, we provide expertise in the engineering, fabrication and modification of gene programs and cellular systems, and our collaborators are responsible for providing market and product development expertise, as well as regulatory, sales and marketing capabilities. Generally, our collaborators compensate us through technology access fees, royalties, milestones and reimbursements of certain costs. This business model allows us to leverage our capabilities and capital across a broader landscape of product opportunities and end markets than we would be capable of addressing on our own.

In certain strategic circumstances, we may enter into a joint venture with an ECC collaborator. In that event, we will enter into an ECC with a joint venture entity and may contribute access to our technology, cash or both into the joint venture which we will jointly control with our ECC collaborator. Pursuant to a joint venture agreement, we may be required to contribute additional capital to the joint venture, and we may be able to receive a higher financial return than we would normally receive from an ECC to the extent that we and our ECC collaborator are successful in developing one or more products. We recently executed the first three such joint venture agreements: one with a subsidiary of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., an international specialty pharmaceutical company focused on chronic diseases, one with OvaScience, Inc., a life sciences company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of new treatments for infertility, and one with Intrexon Energy Partners, LLC, a joint venture with a select group of external investors, to optimize and scale-up our gas-to-liquid bioconversion platform for the production of fuels and lubricants. Alternatively, where a collaborator wishes to work with us to develop an early-stage program, we may execute a research collaboration pursuant to which we receive reimbursement for our development costs but the exclusive license rights, and related access fees, are deferred until completion of an initial research program.

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In 2011, we entered into our first collaboration and have added new collaborations since then, either by entering into new agreements or expanding or adding fields to existing ECCs. To date, we have entered into 23 such agreements and expansions with 19 different counterparties, of which 21 remain active. We have 20 active ECCs, including three expansions, and one research collaboration that we anticipate could, if successful, become an ECC. Under the ECCs, we are developing products in the fields of healthcare and food. In healthcare, our ECCs include programs in oncology, anti-infectives, antibiotics and tissue repair. In food, we are working to increase the productivity and nutritional value of salmon and other fish. We are also working to establish ECCs in the areas of energy and environmental sciences.

While the field of synthetic biology is still emerging, the addressable markets that may benefit from this approach are large and well-established. In healthcare, synthetic biology may provide new approaches to treating diseases, as well as improvements to the manufacture of existing products. It is estimated that the global human pharmaceuticals market is over $900 billion and that biological therapeutics represent approximately $150 billion of this market. While genetically modified salmon or trout may be considered new products, the global market for aquaculture was valued at approximately $110 billion in 2011. Genetically modified agricultural plants are already grown on more than 170 million hectares around the world and are worth an estimated $65 billion. In energy, we are working to create novel, highly engineered organisms that use specific feed stocks to create commercially valuable end products, such as isobutanol, which already has a variety of technical and industrial applications and is also being investigated as a gasoline alternative.

What is synthetic biology?

History

Synthetic biology entails the application of engineering principles to biological systems for the purpose of designing and constructing new biological systems or redesigning/modifying existing biological systems. Biological systems are governed by DNA, the building blocks of gene programs, which control cellular processes by coding for the production of proteins and other molecules that have a functional purpose and by regulating the activities of these molecules. This regulation occurs via complex biochemical and cellular reactions working through intricate cell signaling pathways, and control over these molecules modifies the output of biological systems.

In the early 1970s, scientists utilized basic tools and procedures for transferring DNA from one organism to another. Foundational tools included: gene programs contained in vectors; enzymes that could cut DNA at specific sites; and enzymes that could “glue” two complementary segments of DNA together. Developments between 1980 and the end of the 20th century advanced the field of genetic engineering, including automated DNA sequencing, DNA amplification via PCR and the creation of genetically modified organisms. However, the simplistic “cut-and-paste” nature of the available tools, and the absence of genomic sequence information, significantly restricted the scope of early synthetic biology efforts.

More recently, synthetic biology has been enabled by the application of information technology and advanced statistical analysis, also known as bioinformatics, to genetic engineering, as well as by improvements in DNA synthesis. Synthetic biology aims to engineer gene-based programs or codes to modify cellular function to achieve a desired biological outcome. For example, applications may include the replacement of a defective protein with a functional protein to treat a broad range of human and animal disease states, or the production of multiple proteins through the regulation of several genes in a cell to produce petrochemicals.

Our approach

The essence of our approach is to apply synthetic biology by using an iterative process that is rapid, automated and highly reproducible, in which we:

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As a result of our approach, we have developed extensive knowledge about many classes of DNA components and the rules governing their expression and activity. We have also assembled an inventory of these DNA components that we can use to rationally construct unique vectors rapidly and with predictable outcomes. The knowledge embedded in our DNA database allows us to create single gene and highly complex multigenic gene programs (an individual gene program containing multiple genes).

To support our approach, we have developed, on our own and through acquisitions, a unique suite of technologies, and we continue to expand upon their capabilities. These technologies include: our UltraVector gene design and fabrication platform, and its associated library of modular DNA components; Cell Systems Informatics; Laser-Enabled Analysis and Processing, or LEAP; and mAbLogix. These technologies are complementary in nature and share the following key characteristics:

Our competitive strengths

We believe that our technologies and our approach to synthetic biology — design-build-test-learn — give us a competitive advantage over traditional industrial processes as well as current approaches to synthetic biology.

We believe that we have the following competitive strengths:

We have a suite of proprietary and complementary technologies

We have built a suite of proprietary and complementary technologies that provides us with a comprehensive ability to design, create, modify and regulate gene programs and cellular systems. By virtue of the complementary nature of our technologies, we are able to provide our collaborators with a diverse array of capabilities, representing a “one stop shop” to potentially develop and commercialize new and differentiated products enabled by synthetic biology.

Our design-build-test-learn continuum allows us to design and build improved and more complex gene programs

We have developed a core expertise and technologies to design, build and test complex gene programs, as well as technologies to isolate cells that best express the desired biological output. We have also developed an extensive bioinformatic software platform that combines information technology with advanced statistical analysis for DNA design and genetic engineering, enabling us to continually learn and create optimal conditions for our gene programs. Our approach allows us to build improved and more complex gene programs.

We believe we are a leader in synthetic biology

We believe we are the first company focused exclusively on applying synthetic biology across a broad spectrum of end markets and have been working in the field since 1998. Over the last 16 years, we have accumulated extensive knowledge and experience in the design, modification and regulation of gene programs. We believe all of these factors, coupled with our suite of proprietary and complementary technologies, provide us with a first-mover advantage in synthetic biology.

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We serve large and diverse end markets with high built-in demand

A vast number of products consumed globally are or can be produced using biologically based processes. Natural resources are becoming more scarce as demand exceeds supply creating unmet needs for improvements in development and manufacturing. As a result, the need for complex biologically engineered molecules such as those enabled by our synthetic biology technologies is large and spans multiple industries, including healthcare, food, energy and environmental sciences. Each of these markets faces unique challenges, however all have unmet needs for improvements in product development and manufacturing that can result in savings of both cost and time as compared to traditional means of industrial design and production. Because synthetic biology has the potential to deliver against these unmet needs, we believe that significant demand already exists for improved products enabled by synthetic biology. Additionally, there are markets utilizing traditional industrial processes that have failed to recognize the significant improvement in performance that could be achieved using synthetic biology.

We have a scalable ECC business model that allows us to leverage the broad potential of synthetic biology

We believe our ECC business model is a capital efficient and rapid way for us to participate in a more diversified range of product opportunities and industrial end markets than would otherwise be possible, including healthcare food, energy and environmental sciences. Our collaborators are primarily responsible for providing market and product development expertise, as well as sales, marketing and regulatory capabilities. Generally, our collaborators compensate us through technology access fees, royalties, milestones and reimbursements of certain costs. Our ECC business model allows us to participate in the potential upside from products that are enabled by our technologies across an extensive range of industries, without the need for us to invest considerable resources in bringing individual programs to market. Moreover, we believe that we will increasingly engage in ECCs in new fields at an accelerating pace with well-recognized collaborators.

We have experienced management and employees

Our management team, including our Chief Executive Officer, Randal J. Kirk, and our Chief Operating Officer, Krish Krishnan, consists of executives with a track record of success in building and managing research and development-driven companies, including New River Pharmaceuticals Inc., which was sold in 2007 to Shire plc for $2.6 billion. Our Chief Science Officer, Thomas D. Reed, was responsible for the initial conception and creation of our UltraVector technology platform. As of December 31, 2013 we had 149 employees primarily engaged in research and development, 63 of whom hold advanced degrees in engineering and biology or other sciences, including either a Ph.D., M.D. or D.V.M.

Our suite of proprietary and complementary technologies

We apply the potential of synthetic biology through our suite of proprietary and complementary technologies that combine the principles of precision engineering, statistical modeling, automation and production at an industrial scale. This enables us to engineer precise and complex gene programs across many cell types rapidly and inexpensively. Our technologies include the following:

The UltraVector gene design and fabrication platform

Biological processes have the potential to be designed or redesigned for improved performance for a given application. One of the main challenges is to engineer and introduce the appropriate genetic parts that will yield a product with the desired outcome, such as enhanced biological function, decreased cost of goods or therapeutic effect. This has traditionally been done via a trial and error approach. However, in order to quickly optimize a product it is often necessary to explore multiple variables simultaneously to efficiently sample a broad experimental space. Doing so requires several components, including a robust DNA construction platform capable of constructing large targeted libraries of DNA designs with the appropriate complexity and scale, a powerful set of statistical tools to guide efficient sampling of a large biological sample space, high-throughput screening capacity matched to library requirements, and a suite of statistical tools to enable recognition and then recombination of improved performers.

Our gene program design platform, which we refer to as UltraVector, is an integrated suite of tools comprising advanced DNA construction technology and components, cellular and protein engineering tools, computational models and statistical methods which facilitate the rapid design, build and testing of complex systems. The UltraVector platform allows us to translate complex gene programs into standard components that can be designed, manufactured and tested in a robust, automated format. This technology enables us to engineer at the cellular level from biological sources.

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UltraVector DNA design is computer-automated and utilizes a proprietary set of defined construction rules to rapidly assemble components that are stored in our DNA library. These rules are derived from UltraVector’s object-oriented DNA programming language that enables the hierarchical assembly of DNA parts, which can be a single base pair or thousands of base pairs in length. This allows us to rapidly assemble gene programs from defined and controlled DNA components imparting a desired biological outcome.

Following the design of the DNA vector, the UltraVector-driven build phase is performed via a proprietary modular assembly platform. Importantly, the underlying algorithm is designed to determine the best approach to efficiently assemble DNA, regardless of complexity or scale. By accommodating multigenic complexity and industrial scale production, we provide our collaborators with multiple options for efficiently optimizing DNA-based functions.

In addition to the growing number of gene components in our UltraVector library, we are continually designing and creating enzymatic and regulatory components that provide more precise control over genome integration and gene regulation. For example, our RheoSwitch Therapeutic System is a three-component transcriptional regulator that provides inducible gene expression. The RheoSwitch Therapeutic System provides the ability to not only express proteins/enzymes of interest, but also the ability to control the level and timing of expression to achieve a biological outcome. Both in vivo, which means within a whole living organism, and ex vivo, which means in a test tube or petri dish, applications have demonstrated highly controllable expression when the RheoSwitch Therapeutic System is incorporated into UltraVector-designed vectors. Other ongoing programs include our AttSite recombinases, which mediate predictable gene exchange into host cells thereby eliminating many of the difficulties seen with traditional gene insertion. Many traditional gene insertion techniques are difficult to perform because of a low and/or random insertion of the desired genetic code due to the lack of specificity for the recognition site related to the gene insertion enzyme resulting in unpredictable outcomes, such as, but not limited to, poor expression, loss of viability of the host organism or no expression of the desired molecule. AttSite recombinases provide specific attachment sites for insertion of the desired genetic code through highly specific recognition regions and corresponding enzymes permitting many specific gene transfers in a reliable and repeatable fashion.

Cell systems informatics

Cell systems informatics permits faster design as well as efficient testing and learning about new gene targets or product pathways. Our proprietary bioinformatics software and database systems for mapping cellular pathways when combined with our genome-scale modeling and experimental data, including, for example, gene expression profiling and protein engineering, enable us to optimize selection and development of gene programs and cellular systems for our collaborators.

Our computational modeling and simulation platform enables the development of predictive computer models of organisms, from microbes to humans. This platform builds virtual cells from their basic molecular components, and can simulate the activity of the cell’s complete reaction network, serving as an advanced biological knowledge management system with proven predictive capabilities. Reconstructed models can be used as the basis for computer simulations of the biological systems providing a mechanism for high-throughput testing. The capabilities of these systems can be used to predict the outcomes of adaptive evolution, identify undiscovered pathways or reactions in the network based on necessary biomass components, test the effect of adding and/or eliminating genes or reactions to the network, design metabolic networks to support and optimize the production of a specific metabolite or protein and examine conditions consistent with disease and healthy states. Our computational modeling infrastructure allows scientists to rapidly examine a large experimental space in silico, which means performed via computer simulation, and then focus on the most promising conditions to be validated experimentally. Furthermore, this platform allows us to bridge experimental and computational research efforts by enabling models to be refined and improved as more data for an organism becomes available, thereby creating a highly effective method of rapid learning from the results of our research and development efforts.

Our bioinformatics platform is also central to our protein engineering expertise, which focuses on designing proteins with enhanced stability, solubility and post-translational modifications. We are also working to develop novel enzyme inhibitors and fusion proteins for a variety of applications in human and animal therapeutics. Our protein engineering may utilize one or more of the following aspects of our technologies to obtain novel catalysis activities — our proprietary component library, the generation of component variants sequence, evolutionary analysis and

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structure-based sequence alignment, computer-aided drug discovery, de novo, or newly synthesized or generated, and comparative protein modeling, molecular dynamics simulation and free energy analysis, antibody design and humanization, antigenicity prediction, protein pharmacokinetics optimization, and/or in silico support of enzyme engineering — and quantitative structure-function relationships with machine learning algorithms to optimize, facilitate and prioritize protein variant libraries for the advancement of our collaborators.

LEAP — cell identification and selection

Our proprietary Laser-Enabled Analysis and Processing technology, or LEAP, is an instrument that merges semiconductor manufacturing technologies for cell processing applications to provide high levels of control and scale to cell purification and stem cell culture management. Capable of operating at the single cell level by utilizing a wide range of image-based assays to characterize cell populations, the LEAP platform can identify and purify cells of interest from large libraries of cells created by our UltraVector and bioinformatics technologies using a laser-based purification process, thereby providing a mechanism of testing the degree of protein expression in genetically modified cells as well as rapid means to learn from the genetic building process. Combining the flexibility of image-based selection with the precision of laser purification, LEAP provides a platform to identify and purify high value cells.

Coupled with our UltraVector platform capability to rapidly generate large libraries of vector variants, the LEAP instrument provides a platform to identify and test the individual UltraVector-transfected cell expressing the protein of interest at optimal levels. The rapid cycle time of the linked processes enables the creation of complex, synthetic biology solutions in an iterative, variation/selection fashion, applying an evolutionary approach, but at a much accelerated time scale, thereby significantly enhancing our ability to learn about the genetic vectors we create. Applied to cell line generation, a core step in the generation of biomanufacturing cell lines for the production of therapeutic proteins such as antibodies, LEAP generates more highly purified cell lines of higher expressing cells, with greater productivity and in less time than conventional approaches can provide. This leads to cost and time savings both at the research and development stage and for cost of goods of manufactured products.

A unique feature of the LEAP platform is its ability to purify cells while they remain attached to the plate surface where they are grown. Many cell types, including many stem cells, do not maintain cell health and viability when processed with conventional, flow-based purification instrumentation. LEAP allows these cells to be efficiently processed and purified, while maintaining high viability. Applied to stem cells, LEAP enables the scale up and automation of stem cell processing that has historically been largely manual, providing a solution for scale-up.

mAbLogix — antibody discovery

Our proprietary mAbLogix antibody discovery platform, or mAbLogix platform, enables production of B-cell libraries for discovery of antibodies. An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen, or marker, on cells and infectious agents, such as virus and bacteria, that identify them as foreign or non-self. Monoclonal antibodies, or mAbs, have become an important therapeutic that can be used in a number of ways including anti-infectives and oncology indications. The mAbLogix platform permits antigen targeting using “fully human” monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.

Our mAbLogix antibody discovery process is comprised of two major activities: the build of human B-cell libraries expressing a large number of unique antibodies; and the testing of these libraries based on an analysis of B-cells that positively express antibodies in response to a specifically chosen antigen. Our proprietary discovery process is differentiated by the large size of human B-cell libraries generated and by the rapid, cell-based screening process. Together these capabilities allow us to quickly explore the entire human antibody repertoire and generate fully human mAbs against diverse antigens.

Utilization of complementary synthetic biology technologies to facilitate the creation of unique biological products

In order to create a highly functional biological system, we recognize the complexity of cellular processes and the necessity to create an optimized gene program in conditions reflective of the natural environment to allow for the creation of the optimal biological product. This requires a rigorous understanding of cell signaling pathways as well as the interactions that influence the expression of protein. This knowledge is captured in our advanced bioinformatics systems, which uses statistical modeling and other analytic frameworks to determine the most efficient pathways for an intended biochemical result. Our bioinformatics platform also plays a critical role in our research and development as this library of information allows us to explore new targets of potential interest to our current or future collaborators.

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In addition to creating the optimized gene program via the most efficient cell signaling pathway and in the relevant cellular environments, we have a growing library of DNA components that facilitate quantitative dose-proportionate control over the amount and timing of the target protein generated, thereby providing another mechanism to closely control activity of the newly constructed gene program.

Our LEAP technology facilitates the automated identification of an individual cell with the highest levels of expression, quality and potency from a population of over 100,000 cells.

Traditional cloning techniques are manual and only allow the generation of a few hundred clones while still being subject to human error. Following LEAP’s identification of the cell of interest, we clone the cell, thereby generating millions of cells that produce high concentrations of the biological molecule of interest.

Our mAbLogix platform complements UltraVector with a library of human antibodies that exceeds 500 million. By immortalizing human tonsils which are comprised of lymphatic tissue containing B-cells, our mAbLogix platform creates a B-cell library that can generate antibodies against an almost infinite number of new antigens.

Antigens of interest could include cancer cells, bacteria/infective organisms or proteins that require inhibition, such as oncogenes. Following exposure of the antigen to the immortalized B-cell library, we are able to identify the B-cell that contains the reactive antibody. This antibody can then be isolated via LEAP, sequenced, manipulated, regulated and reconstructed using the UltraVector system.

Our markets

Synthetic biology has applicability across many diverse end markets. Our goal is to be a leader in the application of synthetic biology for products currently utilizing biologically based processes, and a leader in the replacement of conventional processes and products with biologically based substitutes. Through the application of our suite of proprietary and complementary technologies, we believe we can create optimized biological processes and create substitutes for traditional industrial techniques, leading to improved products that are developed and manufactured faster and more cost-effectively.

Health

It is estimated that the global human pharmaceuticals market is approximately $900 billion and that biological therapeutics represent approximately $150 billion of this market. Additionally, the market for animal health therapeutics is currently estimated to be valued at more than $20 billion globally. The aging population in developed markets, and the population growth and increasing middle class in emerging markets, suggest that there will be a steadily increasing utilization of therapeutics. However, the global biopharmaceutical industry continues to face challenges in cost-effectively developing and producing new therapeutics. These demographic trends, as well as food production resource constraints, suggest similar trends in the animal health medicines and vaccines market. In this market, we are focused on:

Food

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, or the FAO, predicts that by 2050 the world’s population will reach 9.1 billion, 2 billion more than today. To feed a larger, more urban and wealthier population, food production must increase by 70 percent. Annual cereal production will need to rise to about 3 billion tons from 2.1 billion today and annual meat production will need to rise to 470 million tons from today’s 270 million tons.

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In this market, we are focused on:

Energy and chemicals

A significant challenge of industrial markets, such as the energy and the petrochemical industries, is their large scale, which can require hundreds of millions and even billions of pounds per year of production, and corresponding price sensitivity. For these industries, the production of any product must allow for scalability and end-to-end economic viability. It has long been recognized that biology offers promising alternatives to energy production as well as alternatives to resource intensive synthetic chemistry. For more than a decade, efforts have been made to produce fuels from bacteria, yeast and other organisms with little success. We believe that the many and complex changes to any organism’s DNA that must be made to result in significant energy production cannot be effected without the use of an engineered approach to synthetic biology.

Our UltraVector platform, by enabling high through-put gene program design and construction, allows us to identify the relevant pathways within an organism for the production of complex biological molecules, design a variety of alternative solutions to their expression, and rapidly build and evaluate solution sets to select the most promising alternatives. We believe our novel biological solutions can increase yield and productivity, which are critical in the development of alternative energy and the production of chemicals.

In this market, we are focused on:

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Environment

This sector embodies a diverse set of applications that we believe can be enhanced and expanded with the use of our suite of proprietary and complementary technologies. With the goal of entering into ECCs, we plan to focus our development activities on platform tailoring and selective third party enabling technology collaboration in the following areas:

Consumer

In its Consumer Wealth and Spending Study, global consulting firm A.T. Kearney determined that growth in consumer spending will increase by $12 trillion in the next 10 years. While spending on food will account for approximately 10 percent of this growth, spending on durable goods, personal care items, transportation, healthcare, hotels, and leisure activities will account for a larger percentage of overall growth. The United States is expected to account for 33 percent, or $4 trillion, of this spending increase. Despite its size, synthetic biology has had a rather limited impact in the consumer market relative to industries like healthcare and agriculture, Intrexon believes that through our synthetic biology capabilities to predictably scale multigenic and complex metabolic engineering, we have the potential to offer novel biologically based solutions for consumer markets.

In the consumer sector, we are initially focused on:

Our business model

We believe that because synthetic biology has applicability across many diverse end markets, we cannot take full advantage of synthetic biology with internal development programs alone. To address this, we have devised our business model to allow us to focus on our core expertise in synthetic biology while bringing many different commercial products to market via collaborations in a broad range of industries or end markets, thus minimizing and leveraging the use of our own capital.

Our business model is built around the formation of ECCs. An ECC is an agreement with a collaborator to develop products based on our technologies in a specifically defined field. We seek collaborators that have expertise within a specific industry segment and the commitment to provide resources for the development and commercialization of

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products within that industry segment. In our ECCs, we provide expertise in the engineering of gene programs and cellular systems, and our collaborators are responsible for providing market and product development expertise, as well as regulatory, sales and marketing capabilities.

This business model allows us to leverage our capabilities and capital across numerous product development programs and a broader landscape of end markets than we would be capable of addressing on our own. Our ECC business model also allows us to participate in the potential upside from products that are enabled by our technologies across an extensive range of industries, without the need for us to invest considerable resources in bringing individual products to market. Additionally, the flexibility of the business model allows us to collaborate with a range of counterparts, from small innovative companies to global multinational conglomerates.

In certain strategic circumstances, we may enter into a joint venture with an ECC collaborator. In that event, we will enter into an ECC with a joint venture entity and may contribute access to our technology, cash or both into the joint venture which we will jointly control with our ECC collaborator. Pursuant to a joint venture agreement, we may be required to contribute additional capital to the joint venture, and we may be able to receive a higher financial return than we would normally receive from an ECC to the extent that we and our ECC collaborator are successful in developing one or more products. We presently are party to three such joint venture agreements: one with a subsidiary of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., an international specialty pharmaceutical company focused on chronic diseases, one with OvaScience, Inc., a life sciences company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of new treatments for infertility, and one with Intrexon Energy Partners, LLC, a joint venture with a select group of external investors, to optimize and scale-up our gas-to-liquid bioconversion platform for the production of fuels and lubricants. Alternatively, where a collaborator wishes to work with us to develop an early-stage program, we may execute a research collaboration pursuant to which we receive reimbursement for our development costs but the exclusive license rights, and related access fees, are deferred until completion of an initial research program.

In 2011, we entered into our first collaboration and have steadily increased the number over the past three years, entering into new agreements and expanding existing ECCs. To date, we have entered into 23 such agreements and expansions with 19 different counterparties, of which 21 remain active. We have 20 active ECCs, including three expansions, and one research collaboration that we anticipate could, if successful, become an ECC. Under the ECCs, we are developing products in the fields of healthcare and food. In healthcare, our ECCs include programs in oncology, anti-infectives, antibiotics and tissue repair. In food, we are working to increase the productivity and nutritional value of salmon and other fish. We are also working to establish ECCs in the areas of energy and environmental sciences.

Our ECCs

Our ECCs typically share a number of key features. Each ECC is an agreement with a collaborator to develop products based on our technologies in one or more specifically defined fields. These fields may be narrowly defined (representing, for example, a specific therapeutic approach for a single indication) or may be broad (representing, for example, an entire class of related products). In each case, we and the collaborator precisely define the field based on factors such as the expertise of the collaborator, the relative markets for the prospective products, the collaborator’s resources available to commit to the ECC and our expectations as to other prospective ECCs in related areas. Regardless of the size of the field, under each ECC we grant the collaborator exclusive rights to our services and our suite of technologies to develop and commercialize products within the field. So long as our collaboration continues, the parties agree that each will not, alone or with another party, develop and commercialize products within the field of the ECC. The licensed technologies include those that we control at the time of the execution of the ECC as well as any technologies that we develop or acquire throughout the duration of the ECC.

We realize three general categories of revenue under our ECCs. First, for providing access to our technologies, we generally receive technology access fees either in cash or as an equity interest in the collaborator. These payments may be upfront or upon the achievement of developmental milestones or both. Second, through the duration of the ECC, we receive reimbursements from our collaborator to cover a portion of our time and material costs expended performing our obligations under the ECC. Reimbursable expenses may be for the time of our own personnel, materials we produce at our facilities or pass-through costs for the time and materials of third-party contractors. Third, we share in the potential future revenues, through royalties or other similar arrangements, derived from the commercialization of the product(s) that are enabled by our technologies.

Generally, each of our ECCs is designed to continue in perpetuity unless terminated. Given the relatively long development cycle for many of the products that could be enabled by our technologies, as well as our belief that we can enable the continual improvement of product offerings, it is our expectation that our ECCs will continue for

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many years and result in the development of multiple products. Each of our collaborators, however, retains the right to terminate the ECC for any reason by providing us written notice a certain period of time prior to such termination, generally ninety days. The ECC is also terminable by either party upon the other party’s breach of material provisions of the ECC. The failure of our collaborator to exercise diligent efforts to develop products within the field of the ECC constitutes such a breach.

In the event one of our ECCs terminates we are entitled to immediately pursue another collaboration within the field of the terminated ECC. Moreover, technologies and product candidates in a relatively early stage of development revert to us, along with data, materials and the rights to applicable regulatory filings related to the reverted products, enabling us to develop those products ourselves or incorporate them into a future collaboration. Product candidates that are at a more advanced stage of development, such as those already generating revenue or being considered for approval by the applicable regulatory body, for example, at the time of the ECC’s termination are retained by the former collaborator. The collaborator has the right to develop and commercialize such retained products although we are entitled to the royalties or other compensation to which we would be entitled as if the ECC were still in effect. Upon termination, we retain any technology access fees or other payments to which we are entitled through the date of termination.

In our ECCs, we retain rights to our existing intellectual property and generally any intellectual property developed using, or otherwise incorporating, our technologies. In addition, we are generally responsible for controlling the prosecution and enforcement of this intellectual property with the exception of the enforcement of patents directed solely and specifically to products developed within the field of each ECC.

Each of our ECCs requires the collaborator to indemnify us for all liability related to products produced pursuant to the ECC and to obtain insurance coverage related to product liability.

ZIOPHARM Oncology

Effective January 6, 2011, we entered into an ECC with ZIOPHARM Oncology, Inc. (NASDAQ: ZIOP), or ZIOPHARM, a publicly traded small molecule late-stage oncology drug development company, to develop and commercialize therapeutics in the field of cancer treatment in humans. The lead product candidates of this ECC include Ad-IL-12 for the treatment of melanoma, breast cancer and glioblastoma, as well as a number of preclinical cellular-based gene modified oncology programs. DC-IL-12 has completed a Phase I human clinical trial to establish the drug’s safety. Ad-IL-12 is currently in multiple Phase II human clinical studies. Both of these programs are focused on the regulatable expression of Interleukin-12 (IL-12).

Both of the IL-12 programs of this ECC deliver genetic vectors coding for the IL-12 gene directly to tumors. Once the vector is delivered intratumorally, it is controlled by Intrexon’s proprietary biologic switch called the RheoSwitch Therapeutic System, or RTS. RTS maintains the gene program in an inactive state within a cell, until such a time as the patient takes a pill containing an orally available small molecule ligand. In the presence of the ligand, which is otherwise biologically inert, RTS is activated allowing expression of IL-12 at a specified therapeutic level and for a predetermined duration. RTS thereby regulates IL-12 expression to achieve a targeted clinically active level of IL-12 at the tumor.

This ECC is also investigating a number of cellular-based oncology therapies that are supported by the recent acquisition of Medistem, Inc., or Medistem. Each is based on our multigenic expression platform, where two or more therapeutic proteins are expressed from a single DNA vector under RTS control. Under the Ad-IL-12 programs, we are responsible for manufacturing the drug product and small molecule activator ligand. ZIOPHARM reimburses us for these manufacturing costs.

Pursuant to the ECC, ZIOPHARM received a license to our technologies within the field of cancer treatment in humans as defined more specifically in the ECC. We received 3,636,926 shares of ZIOPHARM’s common stock valued at $17.5 million as an upfront technology access fee. On October 24, 2012 upon the dosing of the first patient of a Phase II clinical trial, we received 3,636,926 shares of ZIOPHARM’s common stock valued at $18.3 million as milestone consideration, which is the sole milestone under this ECC. Subject to certain expense allocations, ZIOPHARM will pay us 50 percent of the quarterly net profits derived from the sale of products developed under the ECC.

Upon execution of this ECC, we purchased 2,426,235 shares of ZIOPHARM common stock with a value of $11.6 million, and we agreed to purchase up to $50.0 million of ZIOPHARM common stock in conjunction with securities offerings that may be conducted by ZIOPHARM in the future, subject to certain conditions and limitations. To date we have purchased approximately $31.0 million of ZIOPHARM common stock in such securities offerings, and our remaining obligation on this purchase commitment is approximately $19.0 million.

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Fibrocell

Effective October 5, 2012, we entered into an ECC with Fibrocell Science, Inc. (NYSE MKT: FCSC), or Fibrocell, a publicly traded biotechnology company commercializing fibroblasts for therapeutic applications. The lead therapeutic program of this ECC is currently in the research phase for the treatment of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, or RDEB, a rare, genetically based blistering disorder. RDEB is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the loss of collagen type VII, an important protein component of the anchoring fibers that connect the dermis to the epidermis. Our proposed treatment for this disease will provide collagen VII produced by autologous, gene-modified fibroblasts.

We are also working with Fibrocell to improve the process efficiency and cost of goods related to the manufacture of LAVIV^TM, Fibrocell’s autologous cellular product indicated for improvement of the appearance of moderate to severe nasolabial fold wrinkles in adults.

Pursuant to the ECC, Fibrocell received a license to our technologies to develop and commercialize genetically modified and non-genetically modified autologous fibroblasts and autologous dermal cells in the United States for both aesthetic and therapeutic indications. We received a technology access fee of 1,317,520 shares of Fibrocell’s common stock valued at $7.6 million as upfront consideration. The number of shares received reflects a 1-for-25 reverse stock split of Fibrocell’s common stock effective April 30, 2013. On a quarterly basis, Fibrocell will pay us royalties of 7 percent of net sales up to $25.0 million and 14 percent of net sales above $25.0 million on products developed from the ECC. If Fibrocell uses our technologies to improve the production of LAVIV or new Fibrocell products not developed under the ECC, Fibrocell will pay us a quarterly royalty equal to 33 percent of the cost of goods sold savings generated by the improvement.

Effective June 28, 2013, we entered into an amendment to our ECC with Fibrocell. The amendment expands the ECC to include potential treatments based on engineered autologous fibroblast cells for the localized treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders including morphea (localized scleroderma), cutaneous eosinophilias and moderate to severe psoriasis. Under the terms of the amendment, we received shares of Fibrocell’s common stock valued at $7.5 million as a supplemental technology access fee.

On October 1, 2013, we acquired an aggregate amount of $10.0 million of Fibrocell common stock at a price of $4.10 per share.

Effective January 10, 2014, we entered into a second amendment to our ECC with Fibrocell. The amendment expands the ECC to include potential treatments for Ehlers-Danlos syndrome hypermobility type (EDS-HT), a rare genetic disorder resulting in weakened connective tissue. Under the terms of the amendment, we received shares of Fibrocell’s common stock valued at approximately $5.2 million as a supplemental technology access fee.

Oragenics

Effective June 5, 2012, we entered into an ECC with Oragenics, Inc. (NYSE MKT: OGEN), or Oragenics, a publicly traded company in the field of oral care probiotics and a developer of therapeutic products including novel antibiotics. The lead therapeutic program of this ECC is currently in the research phase. The objective of this ECC is to develop and commercialize lantibiotics, a novel class of broad-spectrum antibiotics, for the treatment of infectious diseases, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium difficile, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and anthrax, in humans and companion animals.

Pursuant to the ECC, Oragenics received a license to our technologies within the field of lantibiotics for the treatment of infectious diseases in humans and companion animals. We received a technology access fee of 4,392,425 shares of Oragenics’ common stock valued at $6.6 million as upfront consideration. Upon the achievement of certain milestones, we are entitled to receive additional consideration equal, in aggregate, to 10 percent of Oragenics’ outstanding shares, excluding shares issuable upon the conversion of certain derivative securities. At Oragenics’ option, such consideration can be paid in stock or cash, in which case such payment shall be based on the fair market value of the shares otherwise issuable. Oragenics will pay us 25 percent of the quarterly profits derived from the sale of products developed from the ECC on a product-by-product basis.

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On September 30, 2013, we entered into a second ECC with Oragenics through which Oragenics may develop and commercialize probiotics, specifically the direct administration to humans of genetically modified probiotics for the treatment of diseases of the oral cavity, throat, sinus and esophagus, including, but not limited to, aphthous stomatitis and Behcet’s disease. Pursuant to the ECC, Oragenics received an exclusive worldwide license to our suite of technologies to develop and commercialize genetically modified probiotics for the direct administration to humans for the treatment of diseases of the oral cavity, throat, sinus and esophagus. Oragenics will pay us 10% of the net sales derived from the sale of products developed from the ECC. We may receive up to $17.0 million in aggregate milestone payments upon the achievement of certain events. Contemporaneously with the entry into the ECC, we also entered into a Stock Purchase and Issuance Agreement and a First Amendment to the Stock Purchase and Issuance Agreement, together, the SPIA, with Oragenics. Pursuant to the SPIA, (i) Oragenics issued us 1,348,000 shares of Oragenics common stock valued at $3.5 million in consideration for the execution and delivery of the ECC and (ii) Oragenics sold us 1,300,000 shares of Oragenics common stock at a price per share of $3.00 for gross proceeds of $3.9 million. Oragenics also issued a Convertible Promissory Note to us in the principal amount of $1,956,000 which is payable, at Oragenics’ option, in cash or shares of Oragenics common stock and which matures on December 31, 2013. The Convertible Promissory Note was converted to 698,241 shares of Oragenics common stock on December 18, 2013. The 2,046,241 shares of Oragenics common stock constitute the payment of the $5.5 million technology access fee paid to us under the ECC. On November 20, 2013, we acquired an aggregate amount of $2.8 million of Oragenics common stock at a price of $2.50 per share.

Synthetic Biologics

Effective August 6, 2012, we entered into an ECC with Synthetic Biologics, Inc. (NYSE MKT: SYN), or Synthetic Biologics. The lead therapeutic program of this ECC is currently in preclinical development.

Pursuant to the ECC, Synthetic Biologics received a license to our technologies to develop and commercialize a series of monoclonal antibody therapies for the treatment of certain infectious diseases defined in the ECC. Upon shareholder approval on October 5, 2012, we received 3,552,210 shares of Synthetic Biologics common stock valued at $7.8 million as an upfront technology access fee. We are entitled to additional consideration payable either in cash or common stock at the option of Synthetic Biologics upon the achievement of certain regulatory milestones for each product candidate developed under the ECC. Upon the filing by Synthetic Biologics of an investigational new drug application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, we will receive cash or common stock at the option of Synthetic Biologics valued at $2.0 million. Upon the first to occur of either the first commercial sale of a product developed under the ECC or the granting of marketing approval of a product developed under the ECC, we will receive cash or common stock at the option of Synthetic Biologics valued at $3.0 million. The ECC initially targets three infectious diseases, and Synthetic Biologics may elect to target up to five more infectious diseases by paying us a field expansion fee of $2.0 million in either cash or common stock for each additional infectious disease selected. The lead therapeutic programs of this ECC are currently in preclinical development. They include the development of monoclonal antibody therapies for the treatment of pertussis and Acinetobacter infections. The pertussis program is focused on the development of a monoclonal antibody to treat pertussis infections, more commonly known as whooping cough, by targeting and neutralizing the pertussis toxin, in order to reduce the mortality rate in infants and potentially shorten the duration of chronic cough in afflicted adults. According to the World Health Organization, each year, B. pertussis infection causes an estimated 300,000 deaths worldwide, primarily among young, unvaccinated infants. The ECC is also working to develop a mAb therapy for the treatment of Acinetobacter infections. Many strains of Acinetobacter are multidrug-resistant and pose an increasing global threat to hospitalized patients, wounded military personnel and those affected by natural disasters. Based on its public filings, Synthetic Biologics believes that a treatment for Acinetobacter infections represents a billion dollar market opportunity.

On a quarterly basis, Synthetic Biologics will pay us tiered royalties as a percentage in the upper-single to lower-double digits of net sales of products developed under the ECC.

On December 17, 2013, we acquired an aggregate amount of $2.0 million of Synthetic Biologics common stock at a price per share of $1.00 per share.

Previously, in November 2011, we entered into an ECC with Synthetic Biologics to develop and commercialize a gene therapeutic product using RTS for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. In April 2013, we terminated the ECC for lack of support by Synthetic Biologics.

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AquaBounty

AquaBounty Technologies, Inc. (AIM: ABTX), or AquaBounty, is a biotechnology company using biological sciences and molecular technology to enable the large-scale, efficient, and environmentally sustainable production of high quality finfish. Its lead product, AquAdvantage Salmon^®, or AAS, is a new strain of salmon capable of reaching marketable size in around half the time of conventional salmon. By placing the salmon growth hormone under the control of an alternative promoter (gene switch) from the ocean pout, an edible arctic fish, AquaBounty is able to provide a consistent level of salmon growth hormone which speeds growth throughout the early stages of the salmon’s development. Although these fish do not reach a larger final size than conventional salmon, by accelerating growth in the early stages, AAS can reach a marketable size in around half the time. In the case of salmon, this can reduce farming time from approximately 28 to 36 months to approximately 18 months, depending on the desired marketable weight of the fish. The AAS was developed by AquaBounty without using any of our technologies.

On November 16, 2012, we acquired 47.56 percent of AquaBounty’s common stock from two shareholders. On March 15, 2013, we acquired additional shares from AquaBounty in a private placement increasing our ownership to 53.82 percent. Also, on February 14, 2013, three individuals designated by us, including one of our employees, were appointed to AquaBounty’s board of directors and we have the right to appoint a fourth director at AquaBounty’s next shareholder meeting. On March 20, 2014, we acquired additional shares from AquaBounty in a private placement increasing our ownership to 59.85 percent.

Effective February 14, 2013, we entered into an ECC with AquaBounty. The objective of this ECC, which is in the research phase, is to develop and commercialize genetically modified finfish for human consumption that are more nutritious, have increased muscle mass, and grow quickly to maturity. Pursuant to the ECC, we will receive 16.7 percent of quarterly gross profits for each product.

Genopaver

Effective March 29, 2013, we entered into an ECC with Genopaver, LLC, or Genopaver, a limited liability company formed by affiliates of Third Security, LLC. Genopaver was formed for the express purpose of entering into the ECC and developing and commercializing products in the field of the fermentative production of alkaloids through genetically modified cell-lines and substrate feeds for use as active pharmaceutical ingredients or as commercially sold intermediates in the manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The first program under this ECC involves the microbial production of an active pharmaceutical ingredient used primarily in the manufacture of several commonly used pain killers. The purpose of our ECC with Genopaver is to develop a source of this valuable component at a commercially competitive cost. The initial program under this ECC is in the research phase.

Pursuant to the ECC, we received a $3.0 million cash payment as an upfront technology access fee. We are entitled to a royalty as a percentage in the lower-double digits on the gross profits of product sales from a product developed under the ECC.

Sun Pharmaceutical Industries

On September 30, 2013, we entered into an ECC with S & I Ophthalmic, LLC, or Sun JV, a joint venture between us and Caraco Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Ltd., or Sun Pharmaceutical Subsidiary, an indirect subsidiary of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., an international specialty pharmaceutical company focused on chronic diseases.

Pursuant to the ECC, Sun JV received an exclusive worldwide license to our suite of technologies to research, develop and commercialize in humans the treatment of diseases specifically relating to, and manifesting locally in, the eye as well as certain systemic diseases having symptoms or complications that manifest in the eye via administration of genetically modified cells, DNA or viral vectors that, when delivered to humans, will cause in-vivo expression of one or more therapeutic proteins and/or bioactive RNA species. Subject to certain expense allocations, JV will pay us royalties with percentages ranging from mid-single digits and above of the net sales derived from the sale of products developed under the ECC.

Contemporaneously with the entry into the ECC, we also entered into a Limited Liability Company Agreement, or Sun LLC Agreement, with Sun Pharmaceutical Subsidiary and Sun JV which governs the affairs of Sun JV and the conduct of Sun JV’s business. Pursuant to the Sun LLC Agreement, we, as well as Sun Pharmaceutical Subsidiary, made an initial capital contribution in exchange for a 50% membership interest in Sun JV. In cases in which the board of managers of Sun JV, or the Sun JV Board, determines that additional capital contributions are necessary in

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order for Sun JV to comply with its obligations under the ECC, we, as well as Sun Pharmaceutical Subsidiary, have committed to making additional capital contributions subject to certain limitations. Each has the right, but not the obligation, to make additional capital contributions above these limits when and if solicited by the Sun JV Board.

Beginning on the seventh anniversary of the effective date of the Sun LLC Agreement, and upon every second anniversary thereafter, we, as well as Sun Pharmaceutical Subsidiary, may make a cash offer to purchase all of the other’s interest in Sun JV. Upon receipt of such an offer, the other party must either agree to tender its interests at the offered price or submit a counteroffer at a price higher than the original offer. Such offer and counteroffer may continue until one party agrees to the other’s price.

Sun JV shall be governed by the Sun JV Board which shall have four members. We, as well as Sun Pharmaceutical Subsidiary, have the initial right to appoint two members to the Sun JV Board. For so long as Sun Pharmaceutical Subsidiary and/or any of its affiliates is a member of Sun JV and holds a percentage interest in Sun JV that is at least equal to the percentage interest in Sun JV held by us and/or our affiliates, Sun Pharmaceutical Subsidiary will have the sole authority to select and appoint on behalf of Sun JV each of the representatives of Sun JV on the ECC committees, and one such appointee will be an “Empowered Representative” of Sun JV under the terms of the ECC with final authority to resolve certain ECC committee disputes.

BioPop

On October 1, 2013, we entered into an ECC with Biological & Popular Culture, Inc., or BioPop, pursuant to which BioPop received a worldwide, exclusive license to our technologies to develop and commercialize artwork, children’s toys and novelty goods that are derived from living organisms or are enabled by synthetic biology. We are entitled to royalties in the mid-single digits as a percentage of the net product sales of a product developed under the ECC.

Contemporaneously with the entry into the ECC, we entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with BioPop pursuant to which we acquired 4,163,265 shares of BioPop common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $1.3 million, which represents 51% of BioPop’s outstanding common stock. Pursuant to the Common Stock Purchase Agreement, the members of Yonder LLC, or Yonder, a California limited liability company, contributed all assets and properties of Yonder to BioPop, and BioPop assumed all Yonder obligations and liabilities.

OvaScience

On December 18, 2013, we entered into an ECC with OvaScience, Inc., a life sciences company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of new treatments for infertility.

The ECC was formed to use our synthetic biology technology platform to develop methodologies to accelerate the development of OvaScience’s OvaTure^TM technology platform, a next-generation approach to in vitro fertilization. As partial payment for access to our technology, OvaScience issued 273,224 shares of its common stock to us on December 18, 2013. OvaScience will pay $2,500,000 of the technology access fee in cash on December 18, 2014.

Additionally, OvaScience and we formed a joint venture entity named OvaXon, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“OvaXon”). OvaScience and we entered into a limited liability company agreement for OvaXon (the “LLC Agreement”) which establishes our rights and those of OvaScience with respect to OvaXon and provides for the management of OvaXon and its business. In connection with the execution of the LLC Agreement, OvaXon entered into a worldwide Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement with us to create new applications for improving human and animal health. OvaScience also licensed certain technology relating to egg precursor cells to OvaXon pursuant to a separate license agreement.

Intrexon Energy Partners

On March 26, 2014, we entered into an ECC with Intrexon Energy Partners, a joint venture between Intrexon and certain investors, or the Investors.

The ECC was formed to use our synthetic biology technology platform to develop technology used in the microbial conversion of natural gas to the following classes of liquid fuels and lubricants, as well as certain components of such fuels and lubricants: motor gasoline; aviation turbine fuel for both commercial and military specifications; on and off-road diesel fuel; and Group I, Group II and Group III lubricant base oils. As partial payment for access to our technology, Intrexon Energy Partners paid us $25.0 million as an upfront technology access fee.

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Contemporaneously with the entry into the ECC, Intrexon, Intrexon Energy Partners and the Investors also entered into a Limited Liability Company Agreement, or the IEP LLC Agreement, which governs the affairs of Intrexon Energy Partners and the conduct of Intrexon Energy Partners’ business. Pursuant to the IEP LLC Agreement, we made an initial capital contribution of $25.0 million worth of technology in exchange for a 50% membership interest in Intrexon Energy Partners, and the Investors made initial capital contributions, totaling $25.0 million in the aggregate, in exchange for pro rata membership interests in Intrexon Energy Partners. In addition, we have committed to make additional capital contributions of up to $25.0 million, and the Investors, as a group and pro rata in accordance with their respective membership interests in Intrexon Energy Partners, have committed to make additional capital contributions of up to $25.0 million, at the request of Intrexon Energy Partners’ Board of Managers, or the IEP Board, and subject to certain limitations. We and the Investors have the right, but not the obligation, to make additional capital contributions above these limits when and if solicited by the IEP Board.

Intrexon Energy Partners is governed by the IEP Board which has five members. Two members of the IEP Board will be designated by Intrexon and three members of the IEP Board will be designated by a majority of the Investors. The Investors and Intrexon also have customary rights of first refusal, the Investors have customary tag-along rights and Intrexon has customary drag-along rights. Intrexon has a call right to purchase all of the interests in Intrexon Energy Partners owned by the Investors in the event of a change of control with respect to Intrexon.

Contemporaneously with the formation of the joint venture and entry into the ECC, we entered into securities purchase agreements with the Investors for the private placement of 972,004 shares of our common stock at a price per share of $25.72 for gross proceeds of $25.0 million.

Mergers and acquisitions

We completed several acquisitions in 2011 in order to enhance our capabilities and service offerings. On January 26, 2011, we acquired Agarigen, Inc., or Agarigen, a North Carolina-based company that allowed us to expand our capabilities in the agricultural sector. On August 31, 2011, we acquired the LEAP platform technology from Cyntellect, Inc., or Cyntellect. On October 5, 2011, we acquired the cell systems informatics technology from GT Life Sciences, Inc., or GT Life. On October 21, 2011, we acquired the mAbLogix antibody platform from Immunologix, Inc. or Immunologix. See the footnotes to our audited consolidated financial statements found in Item 8 for additional information with respect to the material business combinations.

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On November 16, 2012, we acquired 48,631,444 shares of common stock of AquaBounty Technologies, Inc., or AquaBounty, representing 47.56 percent of the then outstanding shares of AquaBounty, through a definitive purchase agreement with an existing AquaBounty shareholder and its affiliate. We originally accounted for our investment in AquaBounty using the equity method. On March 15, 2013, we acquired 18,714,814 additional shares of AquaBounty common stock increasing our aggregate ownership in AquaBounty to 53.82 percent, resulting in us gaining control over AquaBounty. AquaBounty was consolidated on our results of operations and financial position beginning on March 15, 2013. On March 20, 2014, we acquired 19,040,366 additional shares of AquaBounty common stock increasing our aggregate ownership in AquaBounty to 59.85 percent.

On October 1, 2013, we acquired 4,163,265 shares of common stock of Biological & Popular Culture, Inc., or BioPop, representing 51.00 percent of the outstanding shares of BioPop, resulting in us gaining control over BioPop. BioPop was consolidated on our results of operations and financial position beginning on October 1, 2013.

On March 6, 2014, we acquired California-based Medistem, a pioneer in the development of Endometrial Regenerative Cells, or ERCs, universal donor adult stem cells that stimulate new blood vessel formation and are capable of generating different tissues included heart, brain, pancreas, liver, bone, cartilage and lung. We intend to employ our synthetic biology platforms to engineer a diverse array of cell-based therapeutic candidates using Medistem’s multipotent ERCs. We will consolidate Medistem’s results of operations and financial position effective March 6, 2014.

Competition

We believe that we are a leader in synthetic biology. We do not believe that we have any direct competitors who provide similar technologies which fully enable the commercialization of products developed using synthetic biology across a broad spectrum of biologically based industries. As a result, we believe our competition is more indirect and general in nature, and falls into three broad categories:

Intellectual property

As we advance technologies across multiple platforms and synthetic biology areas, correspondingly, we apply a multilayered approach for protecting intellectual property relating to the inventions we have developed internally as well as those we have acquired from third parties, such as by assignment or by in-license. We seek patent protection in the United States and in other countries for our inventions and discoveries, and we develop and protect our key know-how and trade secrets relating to our platform technologies as well as to the products we are developing with our collaborators.

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We seek patent protection for our platform technologies, including but not limited to our (i) switch technology, (ii) activator ligands for our switch technology and (iii) cell identification and selection platform. In addition, we seek patents covering specific collaborator’s products. With respect to a particular collaborator’s product, we may seek patent protection on some or all of the following: the compound itself, its commercial composition, its production and its methods of use.

Through the use of our various platform technologies we seek to design and build proprietary compounds, vectors, methods and processes across a variety of end markets. In particular, we focus our intellectual property on synthetic biology technologies that provide platforms for the design and creation of cells, vectors and components for our collaborators. In addition, we may pursue intermediate and product-specific patents associated with our collaborators’ lead programs.

Our success depends, in part, upon our ability to obtain patents and maintain adequate protection for our intellectual property relating to our technologies and products and potential products. We have adopted a strategy of seeking patent protection in the United States and in other jurisdictions globally we deem appropriate under the circumstances, with respect to certain of the technologies used in or relating to our products and processes. As of December 31, 2013, we owned at least 55 issued U.S. patents and 55 pending U.S. patent applications relating to certain aspects of our technologies, and we have pursued counterpart patents and patent applications in other jurisdictions around the world, as we have deemed appropriate. We continue to actively develop our portfolio through the filing of new patent applications, provisional and continuations relating to our technologies, methods and products as we and our collaborators deem appropriate.

We have strategic positioning with respect to our key technologies including patent portfolios directed to: our switch technology covering aspects of our gene switches, such as our RheoSwitch Therapeutic System, and gene modulation systems, vectors, cells and organisms containing these switches, and their use; our activator ligand technology covering aspects of our activator ligands and their use; and our cell identification and selection technology covering aspects of our cell identification and selection platform, including our cell purification, isolation, characterization and manipulation technologies. In these portfolios, the issued U.S. patents and applications, if granted, are scheduled to expire from 2017 to 2034. We have also filed counterpart patents and patent applications in other countries, when appropriate, including Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Europe, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, South Africa and Taiwan. In the future we may file in these or additional jurisdictions as deemed appropriate for the protection of our technologies. In these jurisdictions, the issued patents and patent applications, if granted, are scheduled to expire from 2018 to 2032.

Additionally, we complement our intellectual property portfolio with exclusive and non-exclusive patent licenses and options for licenses to third party technologies.

A principal component of our strategy is maximizing the value of our ECCs through our intellectual property that covers our technologies, which is accentuated by intermediate and program-specific intellectual property protections. In addition to owned and in-licensed patents, we solidify our intellectual property protection through a combination of trade secrets, know-how, confidentiality, nondisclosure and other contractual provisions, and security measures to protect our confidential and proprietary information related to each platform and collaborator program. We regularly assess and review the risks and benefits of protecting our developments through each aspect of intellectual property available to us.

Because we rely on trade secrets, know-how and continuing technological advances to protect various aspects of our core technology, we require our employees, consultants and scientific collaborators to execute confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with us to maintain the confidentiality of our trade secrets and proprietary information. Our confidentiality agreements generally provide that the employee, consultant or scientific collaborator will not disclose our confidential information to third parties. These agreements also provide that inventions conceived by the employee, consultant or scientific collaborator in the course of working for us will be our exclusive property. Additionally, our employees agree to take certain steps to facilitate our assertion of ownership over such intellectual property. These measures may not adequately protect our trade secrets or other proprietary information. If they do not adequately protect our rights, third parties could use our technologies, and we could lose any competitive advantage we may have. In addition, others may independently develop similar proprietary information or techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets, which could impair any competitive advantage we may have.

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Regulatory environment

Regulations affecting Intrexon

Our ongoing research and development relies on evaluations in animals, which may become subject to bans or additional regulations, and, as described below, our research operations are subject to various environmental regulations. However, most of the laws and regulations concerning synthetic biology relate to the end products produced using synthetic biology, but that may change. For example, the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues in December 2010 recommended that the federal government oversee, but not regulate, synthetic biology research. The Presidential Commission also recommended that the federal government lead an ongoing review of developments in the synthetic biology field and that the federal government conduct a reasonable risk assessment before the field release of synthetic organisms. As discussed below, the products our collaborators produce are subject to extensive regulation. Refer to “Risk factors — The markets in which our collaborators are developing products using our technologies are subject to extensive regulation, and we rely on our collaborators to comply with all applicable laws and regulations” for more discussion of regulatory risks.

Environmental regulations affecting both Intrexon and our collaborators

Our collaborators and we are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws, rules and regulations, including those relating to the discharge of materials into the air, water and ground, the generation, storage, handling, use, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials and the health and safety of employees with respect to laboratory activities required for the development of products and technologies. These laws and regulations require us and our collaborators to obtain environmental permits and comply with numerous environmental restrictions. These laws and regulations also may require expensive pollution control equipment or operation changes to limit actual or potential impacts to the environment.

Our laboratory activities and those of our collaborators inherently involve the use of potentially hazardous materials, which are subject to health, safety and environmental regulations. We design our infrastructure, procedures and equipment to meet our obligations under these regulations. We perform recurring internal and third-party audits and provide employees ongoing training and support, as required. All of our employees must comply with safety instructions and procedures, which are codified in our employment policies. Federal and state laws and regulations impose requirements on the production, importation, use and disposal of chemicals and genetically modified microorganisms, which impact us and our collaborators. Our collaborators’ processes may contain genetically engineered organisms which, when used in an industrial processes, are considered new chemicals under the Toxic Substances Control Act program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA. These laws and regulations would require our collaborators to obtain and comply with the EPA’s Microbial Commercial Activity Notice process to operate. In the European Union, our collaborators may be subject to a chemical regulatory program known as REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemical Substances). Under REACH, our collaborators are required to register their products with the European Commission, and the registration process could result in significant costs or delay the manufacture or sale of our collaborators’ products in the European Union.

Regulations affecting our collaborators

Human therapeutics regulation

As discussed above in “Risk factors — Risks related to our dependence on third parties,” the products produced by our collaborators enabled by our technology platforms are subject to extensive regulation. We rely on our collaborators’ compliance with laws and regulations applicable to the products they produce. We do not independently monitor whether our collaborators comply with applicable laws and regulations. Please see the risk factor entitled “The markets in which our collaborations are developing products using our technologies are subject to extensive regulation, and we rely on our collaborations to comply with all applicable laws and regulations.”

Government authorities in the United States, at the federal, state and local level, and in other countries extensively regulate, among other things, the research, development, testing, manufacture, including any manufacturing changes, packaging, storage, recordkeeping, labeling, advertising, promotion, distribution, marketing, import and

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export of pharmaceutical products such as those being developed by our collaborators. The processes for obtaining regulatory approvals in the United States and in foreign countries, along with subsequent compliance with applicable statutes and regulations, require the expenditure of substantial time and financial resources.

In addition to regulations in the United States, our collaborators will be subject to a variety of foreign regulations governing clinical trials and commercial sales and distribution of the products enabled by our technologies. Whether or not our collaborators obtain FDA approval for a product, they must obtain approval by the comparable regulatory authorities of foreign countries or economic areas, such as the European Union, before they may commence clinical trials or market products in those countries or areas. The approval process and requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing and reimbursement vary greatly from place to place, and the time may be longer or shorter than that required for FDA approval.

Animal health regulation

The sale of animal health products is governed by the laws and regulations specific to each country. In the majority of our target markets, the relevant health authority is separate from those governing human medicinal products. In the United States, the FDA regulates animal health pharmaceuticals, the United States Department of Agriculture, or USDA, regulates veterinary vaccines, and EPA regulates veterinary pesticides. Each U.S. agency has its own rules and regulations with which our collaborators must comply. In Europe, the European Medicines Agency, or EMA, is responsible for the scientific evaluation of medicines, including animal health products being developed by our collaborators with our technology platforms. Most other countries’ regulatory agencies will generally refer to the FDA, USDA, European Union and other international animal health entities.

Food product regulation

The manufacturing, marketing and certain areas of research related to some of the potential food products developed by our collaborators are subject to regulation by federal and state governmental authorities in the United States, including the FDA, the USDA, and the EPA. Comparable authorities are involved in other countries, including the EMA. The FDA regulates genetically engineered animals under new animal drug provisions of the law, and the agency must approve them before they are allowed on the market. Following marketing approval, the FDA continues to regulate drug and biological products extensively.

Energy and chemical regulation

Regulation by governmental authorities in the United States and other countries is a significant factor in the development, manufacture and marketing of biofuels. The biofuels developed by our collaborators with our technology platforms may require regulatory approval by governmental agencies prior to commercialization. In the United States, various federal, and, in some cases, state statutes and regulations also govern or impact the manufacturing, safety, storage and use of biofuels. The environmental regulations discussed above also govern the development, manufacture and marketing of energy and chemical products.

Regulations affecting AquaBounty

On December 26, 2012, the FDA published its environmental assessment, or EA, for AAS, along with its Finding of No Significant Impact, or FONSI, in the Federal Register, confirming that an approval of the pending New Animal Drug Application would not have an adverse effect on the environment and opened up a 60 day period for public comment. On February 13, 2013 the FDA extended the period for public comment by an additional 60 days, which expired April 26, 2013.

Prior to the publication of the EA and FONSI, in September 2010, the FDA had held a public meeting of its Veterinary Medicine Advisory Committee to review its findings regarding AAS.

The conclusion of its panel of experts was that AAS is indistinguishable from other farmed Atlantic salmon, is safe to eat and does not pose a threat to the environment under its conditions of use. Subsequently, the FDA initiated an EA in compliance with its obligations under the U.S. National Environmental Policy Act, which requires that all federal agencies consider the possible environmental impacts of any action that they authorize.

While we do not expect any further requirements prior to FDA approval for sale to the public and the public comment period on the EA and FONSI have closed as re-scheduled, the FDA has not provided AquaBounty with an indication of the process or associated timing that will occur subsequent to the conclusion of the re-scheduled period for public comment.

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Research and development

As of December 31, 2013, we had 149 employees dedicated to research and development. Of these employees, 63 hold advanced degrees in engineering and biology or other sciences, including either a Ph.D., M.D. or D.V.M. We incurred expenses of $48.5 million in 2013, $64.2 million in 2012 and $70.4 million in 2011 on research and development activities. We anticipate that our research and development expenditures will increase substantially as we investigate other applications for our synthetic biotechnologies. Our primary research and development operations are located in leased laboratory facilities in San Diego, California, San Carlos, California, Germantown, Maryland, Durham, North Carolina and Blacksburg, Virginia.

As of December 31, 2013, AquaBounty had eight employees dedicated to research and development. We anticipate that AquaBounty’s research and development expenditures will increase as it focuses on bringing AAS to market. AquaBounty’s research and development operations are located in laboratory facilities in Massachusetts and Canada.

Financial Information

Collaboration revenues and other revenues and operating income for each of the last three fiscal years, along with assets at December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, are set forth in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, which are included in Item 8 of this Annual Report. Financial information about geographic areas is also set forth in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements.

Manufacturing

In general, we produce small quantities of our compounds in our laboratory facilities for investigational purposes and testing.

AquaBounty has a production facility in Canada. This facility is currently used for the purpose of producing AAS. AquaBounty leases a further growth facility in the Republic of Panama.

Sales and marketing

We do not currently have a sales and marketing force related to the end products that are being developed by our collaborators with our technologies, as those efforts must generally be undertaken by the collaborators, nor do we intend to develop such a sale and marketing force in the future. However, we are actively seeking new ECCs and marketing our technological capabilities.

AquaBounty has one employee who works in sales and marketing.

Employees

As of December 31, 2013, we had 208 employees, 149 of whom were primarily engaged in research and development activities. Our workforce includes 73 employees with either a Ph.D., M.D. or D.V.M. and an additional 105 employees with Bachelors or Masters Degrees. None of our employees is represented by a labor union and we consider our employee relations to be good.

As of December 31, 2013, AquaBounty had 15 employees, 8 of whom were primarily engaged in research and development activities.

Corporate information

We are a Virginia corporation and our principal executive offices are located at 222 Lakeview Avenue, Suite 1400, West Palm Beach, Florida 33401, and our telephone number is (561) 410-7000.

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Additional Information

Our website is www.dna.com. We post regulatory filings on this website as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. These filings include annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, Section 16 reports on Forms 3, 4, and 5, and any amendments to those reports filed with or furnished to the SEC. Access to these filings on our website is available free of charge. Copies are also available, without charge, from Intrexon Corporation Investor Relations, 20374 Seneca Meadows Parkway, Germantown, Maryland 20876. Reports filed with the SEC may be viewed at www.sec.gov or obtained at the SEC Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. We also post our press releases on our website. Information on our website is not deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.

In addition, our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and charters for the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are available free of charge to shareholders and the public through the “Corporate Governance” section of our website. Printed copies of the foregoing are available to any shareholder upon written request to our Treasurer at the address set forth on the cover of this Annual Report or may be requested through our website, www.dna.com.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below, together with the other information contained in this Annual Report, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing at the end of this Annual Report, before making your decision to invest in shares of our common stock. We cannot assure you that any of the events discussed in the risk factors below will not occur. These risks could have a material and adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition or prospects. If that were to happen, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

This Annual Report also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks faced by us described below and elsewhere in this Annual Report. See “Special note regarding forward-looking statements” for information relating to these forward-looking statements.

Risks related to our financial position, operating results and need for additional capital

We have a history of net losses, and we may not achieve or maintain profitability.

We have incurred net losses attributable to Intrexon since our inception, including losses attributable to Intrexon of $39.0 million, $81.9 million and $85.3 million in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. As of December 31, 2013, we had an accumulated deficit of $376.4 million. We may incur losses and negative cash flow from operating activities for the foreseeable future. To date, we have derived a substantial portion of our revenues from exclusive channel collaborations, or ECCs, and expect to derive a substantial portion of our revenues from these and additional ECCs for the foreseeable future. If our existing collaborators terminate their ECCs with us or we are unable to enter into new ECCs, our revenues could be adversely affected. In addition, certain of our ECCs provide for milestone payments, future royalties and other forms of contingent consideration, the payment of which are uncertain as they are dependent on our collaborators’ abilities and willingness to successfully develop and commercialize products. We expect a significant period of time will pass before the achievement of contractual milestones and the realization of royalties on products commercialized under our ECCs. As a result, we expect that our expenses will exceed revenues for the foreseeable future, and we may not achieve profitability. If we fail to achieve profitability, or if the time required to achieve profitability is longer than we anticipate, we may not be able to continue our business. Even if we do achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.

We may need substantial additional capital in the future in order to fund our business.

We expect our future capital requirements will be substantial, particularly as we continue to develop our business and expand our synthetic biology technology platform. Although we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments and cash expected to be received from our current collaborators will enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months, we may need additional capital if our current plans and assumptions change. Our need for additional capital will depend on many factors, including:

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If our capital resources are insufficient to meet our capital requirements, and we are unable to enter into or maintain ECCs with collaborators that are able or willing to fund development efforts or commercialize products enabled by our technologies, we will have to raise additional funds to continue the development of our technologies and complete the commercialization of products, if any, resulting from our technologies. If future financings involve the issuance of equity securities, our existing shareholders would suffer dilution. If we raise debt financing, we may be subject to restrictive covenants that limit our ability to conduct our business. We may not be able to raise sufficient additional funds on terms that are favorable to us, if at all. If we fail to raise sufficient funds and continue to incur losses, our ability to fund our operations, take advantage of strategic opportunities, develop products or technologies, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures could be significantly limited. If this happens, we may be forced to delay or terminate research or development programs or the commercialization of products resulting from our technologies, curtail or cease operations or obtain funds through ECCs or other collaborative and licensing arrangements that may require us to relinquish commercial rights, or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us. If adequate funds are not available, we will not be able to successfully execute our business plan or continue our business.

Our quarterly and annual operating results may fluctuate in the future. As a result, we may fail to meet or exceed the expectations of research analysts or investors, which could cause our stock price to decline.

Our financial condition and operating results have varied significantly in the past and may continue to fluctuate from quarter to quarter and year to year in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. Factors relating to our business that may contribute to these fluctuations include the following factors, as well as other factors described elsewhere in this Annual Report:

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Due to the various factors mentioned above, and others, the results of any prior quarterly or annual periods should not be relied upon as indications of our future operating performance.

We have a limited operating history, which may make it difficult to evaluate our current business and predict our future performance.

We have been in existence since 1998. From 1998 until 2010, our operations focused primarily on organizing and staffing our company and developing our technologies. Our current business model has not been tested. In January 2011, we recognized our first revenues from our first ECC. Because our revenue growth has occurred in recent periods, our limited operating history may make it difficult to evaluate our current business and predict our future performance. Any assessments of our current business and predictions made about our future success or viability may not be as accurate as they could be if we had a longer operating history. We have encountered and will continue to encounter risks and difficulties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing industries. If we do not address these risks successfully, our business will be harmed. If we engage in any acquisitions, we will incur a variety of costs and may potentially face numerous risks that could adversely affect our business and operations.

We may pursue strategic acquisitions and investments which could have an adverse impact on our business if they are unsuccessful.

We have made acquisitions in the past and, if appropriate opportunities become available, we may acquire additional businesses, assets, technologies or products to enhance our business in the future. In connection with any future acquisitions, we could:

Although we conduct due diligence reviews of our acquisition targets, such processes may fail to reveal significant liabilities. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including:

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Acquisitions also may require us to record goodwill and non-amortizable intangible assets that will be subject to impairment testing on a regular basis and potential periodic impairment charges, incur amortization expenses related to certain intangible assets, and incur large and immediate write-offs and restructuring and other related expenses, all of which could harm our operating results and financial condition. In addition, we may acquire companies that have insufficient internal financial controls, which could impair our ability to integrate the acquired company and adversely impact our financial reporting. If we fail in our integration efforts with respect to any of our acquisitions and are unable to efficiently operate as a combined organization, our business and financial condition may be adversely affected.

We own equity interests in several of our collaborators and have exposure to the volatility and liquidity risks inherent in holding their common stock.

In connection with our ECCs, we generally receive technology access fees. Because several of our collaborators are private companies or public corporations with limited capital, we allow them to pay our access fee in stock. As a result, we own equity interests in several of our collaborators. We may continue to provide this alternative to our collaborators. Owning equity in our collaborators further increases our exposure to the risks of our collaborators’ businesses beyond our dependence on these collaborators to provide market and product development expertise, as well as sales, marketing and regulatory capabilities. Our equity ownership in our collaborators exposes us to volatility and the potential for negative returns. We may have restrictions on resale and/or limited markets to sell our equity ownership. In many cases, our equity position is a minority position which exposes us to further risk as we are not able to exert control over the companies in which we hold securities.

We select collaborators based on a variety of factors such as their capabilities, capacity and expertise in a defined field. As described above, we may allow the collaborator to pay our access fee in cash or equity securities. As a result, the process by which we obtain equity interests in our collaborators and the factors we consider in deciding whether to acquire, hold or dispose of these equity positions may differ significantly from those that an independent investor would consider when purchasing equity interests in the collaborator. One significant factor would include our own expectation as to the success of our efforts to assist the collaborator in developing products enabled by our technologies.

We own common stock of several publicly traded companies and the values of those equity interests are subject to market price volatility. For each collaborator where we own equity securities, we make an accounting policy election to present them at either the fair value at the end of each reporting period or using the cost or equity method depending on our level of influence. We have adopted the fair value method of accounting for certain of these securities, and therefore, have recorded them at fair value at the end of each reporting period with the unrealized gain or loss recorded as a separate component of other income or expense, net for the period. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the aggregate original cost basis of these securities was $140.0 million and $92.1 million, respectively, and the market value was $141.5 million and $83.1 million, respectively. The fair value of these securities is subject to fluctuation in the future due to the volatility of the stock market, changes in general economic conditions and changes in the financial conditions of one or more collaborators.

The common stock of our collaborators may not be publicly traded, and if it is traded publicly, the trading market could be limited or have low trading volume. In some cases, we could hold unregistered shares and we may not have demand registration rights with respect to those shares. We evaluate whether any discounts for trading restrictions or other basis for lack of marketability should be applied to the fair value of the securities at inception of the ECC. In the event we conclude that a discount should be applied, the fair value of the securities is adjusted at inception of the ECC and re-evaluated at each reporting period thereafter. In all of these instances, we have substantial liquidity risk related to these holdings, and we may not be able to sell, or sell quickly, all or part of these equity interests.

In connection with future ECCs, we may, from time to time, receive from collaborators, both public and private, warrants, rights and/or options, all of which involve special risks. To the extent we receive warrants or options in connection with future ECCs, we would be exposed to risks involving pricing differences between the market value of underlying securities and our exercise price for the warrants or options, a possible lack of liquidity and the related inability to close a warrant or options position, all of which could ultimately have an adverse effect.

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We rely on our collaborators and other third parties to deliver timely and accurate information in order to accurately report our financial results in the time frame and manner required by law.

We need to receive timely, accurate and complete information from a number of third parties in order to accurately report our financial results on a timely basis. We rely on our collaborators to provide us with complete and accurate information regarding revenues, expenses and payments owed to or by us on a timely basis. In addition, we intend to rely on current and future collaborators under our ECCs to provide us with product sales and cost saving information in connection with royalties, if any, owed to us. If the information that we receive is not accurate, our consolidated financial statements may be materially incorrect and may require restatement, and we may not receive the full amount of consideration to which we are entitled under our ECCs. Although we have audit rights with these parties, performing such an audit could be expensive and time consuming and may not be adequate to reveal any discrepancies in a timeframe consistent with our reporting requirements. We own a significant equity position in several of our ECC collaborators, including a majority position in two of our ECC collaborators, AquaBounty Technologies, Inc., or AquaBounty, and Biological & Popular Culture, Inc., or BioPop. In 2013, we began to consolidate the financial statements of AquaBounty and BioPop into our consolidated financial statements. In the future, we may need to consolidate the financial statements of one or more other collaborators into our consolidated financial statements. Although we have contractual rights to receive information and certifications allowing us to do this, such provisions may not ensure that we receive information that is accurate or timely. As a result, we may have difficulty completing accurate and timely financial disclosures, which could have an adverse effect on our business.

Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, we had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $242.3 million and $207.0 million, respectively, for U.S. federal income tax purposes available to offset future taxable income and U.S. federal and state research and development tax credits of $7.0 million and $5.8 million, respectively, prior to consideration of annual limitations that may be imposed under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or Section 382. These carryforwards begin to expire in 2022. Our past issuances of stock and mergers and acquisitions have resulted in ownership changes within the meaning of Section 382. As a result, the utilization of portions of our net operating losses may be subject to annual limitations. As of each of December 31, 2013 and 2012, approximately $16.4 million of our net operating losses generated prior to 2008 are limited by Section 382 to annual usage limits of approximately $1.5 million. As of each of December 31, 2013 and 2012, approximately $14.8 million of net operating losses were inherited via acquisition and are limited based on the value of the target at the time of the transaction. Future changes in stock ownership may also trigger an ownership change and, consequently, a Section 382 limitation.

Risks related to our technologies and business operations

Ethical, legal and social concerns about synthetic biologically engineered products and processes could limit or prevent the use of products or processes using our technologies and limit our revenues.

Our technologies involve the use of synthetic biologically engineered products or synthetic biological technologies. Public perception about the safety and environmental hazards of, and ethical concerns over, genetically engineered products and processes could influence public acceptance of our technologies, products and processes. If we and our collaborators are not able to overcome the ethical, legal and social concerns relating to synthetic biological engineering, products and processes using our technologies may not be accepted. These concerns could result in increased expenses, regulatory scrutiny, delays or other impediments to our programs or the public acceptance and commercialization of products and processes dependent on our technologies or inventions. The ability of our collaborators to develop and commercialize products, or processes using our technologies could be limited by public attitudes and governmental regulation.

The subject of genetically modified organisms has received negative publicity, which has aroused public debate. This adverse publicity could lead to greater regulation and trade restrictions on imports of genetically altered products. Further, there is a risk that products produced using our technologies could cause adverse health effects or other adverse events, which could also lead to negative publicity.

The synthetic biological technologies that we develop may have significantly enhanced characteristics compared to those found in naturally occurring organisms, enzymes or microbes. While we produce our synthetic biological

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technologies only for use in a controlled laboratory and industrial environment, the release of such synthetic biological technologies into uncontrolled environments could have unintended consequences. Any adverse effect resulting from such a release could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition, and we may have exposure to liability for any resulting harm.

We may become subject to increasing regulation in the future.

Our ongoing research and development relies on evaluations in animals, which may become subject to bans or additional regulations, and, as described above, our research operations are subject to various environmental regulations. However, most of the laws and regulations concerning synthetic biology relate to the end products produced using synthetic biology, but that may change. For example, the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues in December 2010 recommended that the federal government oversee, but not regulate, synthetic biology research. The Presidential Commission also recommended that the government lead an ongoing review of developments in the synthetic biology field and that the government conduct a reasonable risk assessment before the field release of synthetic organisms. Synthetic biology may become subject to additional government regulations as a result of the recommendations, which could require us to incur significant additional capital and operating expenditures and other costs in complying with these laws and regulations.

To date, no commercial products have been enabled by our technologies and even if our technologies prove to be effective, they still may not lead to commercially viable products.

To date, none of our collaborators has received marketing approval or has commercialized any products enabled by our technologies. There is no guarantee that we or our collaborators will be successful in creating products enabled by our technologies. Even if our collaborators are successful in using our technologies, they may not be able to commercialize the resulting products or may decide to use other methods competitive with our technologies that do not utilize synthetic biology.

The FDA has not yet approved any gene therapies for use in humans or animals.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, has not yet approved any gene therapies for use in humans or animals. The field of gene therapies is experimental and has not yet proven successful in many clinical trials. Clinical trials with gene therapies have encountered a multitude of significant technical problems in the past, including unintended integration with host DNA leading to serious adverse events, poor levels of protein expression, transient protein expression, viral overload, immune reactions to either viral capsids utilized to deliver DNA, DNA itself, proteins expressed or cells transfected with DNA. There can be no assurance that our development efforts or those of our collaborators will be successful, that we or they will receive the regulatory approvals necessary to initiate clinical trials, where applicable, or that we will ever be able to successfully commercialize a product enabled by our technologies. To the extent that we or our collaborators utilize viral constructs or other systems to deliver gene therapies and the same or similar delivery systems demonstrate unanticipated and/or unacceptable side effects in preclinical or clinical trials conducted by ourselves or others we may be forced to, or elect to, discontinue development of such products.

If we lose key personnel, including key management personnel, or are unable to attract and retain additional personnel, it could delay our product development programs, harm our research and development efforts, and we may be unable to pursue collaborations or develop our own products.

Our business involves complex operations across a variety of markets and requires a management team and employee workforce that is knowledgeable in the many areas in which we operate. The loss of any key members of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer, Randal J. Kirk, our Chief Operating Officer, Krish S. Krishnan, or our Chief Science Officer, Thomas D. Reed, or the failure to attract or retain other key employees who possess the requisite expertise for the conduct of our business, could prevent us from developing and commercializing our products for our target markets and entering into collaborations or licensing arrangements to execute on our business strategy. We currently maintain key man insurance on Dr. Reed in the amount of $25.0 million; however, that coverage would likely be inadequate to compensate for the loss of his services. In addition, the loss of any key scientific staff, or the failure to attract or retain other key scientific employees, could prevent us from developing our technologies for our target markets and entering into collaborations or licensing arrangements to execute on our business strategy. We may not be able to attract or retain qualified employees in the future due to the intense competition for qualified personnel among biotechnology, synthetic biology and other technology-based businesses, or due to the unavailability of personnel with the qualifications or experience necessary for our business. If we are not able to attract and retain the necessary personnel to accomplish our business objectives, we may

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experience staffing constraints that will adversely affect our ability to meet the demands of our collaborators and customers in a timely fashion or to support our internal research and development programs. In particular, our product and process development programs are dependent on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled scientists. Competition for experienced scientists and other technical personnel from numerous companies and academic and other research institutions may limit our ability to attract and retain such personnel on acceptable terms. All of our employees are at-will employees, which means that either the employee or we may terminate their employment at any time.

Our planned activities will require additional expertise in specific industries and areas applicable to the products and processes developed through our technologies or acquired through strategic or other transactions, especially in the end markets that we seek to penetrate. These activities will require the addition of new personnel, and the development of additional expertise by existing personnel. The inability to attract personnel with appropriate skills or to develop the necessary expertise could impair our ability to grow our business.

We may encounter difficulties managing our growth, which could adversely affect our business.

Currently, we are working simultaneously on multiple projects targeting several market sectors, including activities in human therapeutics, protein production, animal sciences, agricultural biotechnology and industrial products. These diversified operations place increased demands on our limited resources and require us to substantially expand the capabilities of our administrative and operational resources and to attract, train, manage and retain qualified management, technicians, scientists and other personnel. As our operations expand domestically and internationally, we will need to continue to manage multiple locations and additional relationships with various customers, collaborators, suppliers and other third parties. Our ability to manage our operations, growth and various projects effectively will require us to make additional investments in our infrastructure to continue to improve our operational, financial and management controls and our reporting systems and procedures and to attract and retain sufficient numbers of talented employees, which we may be unable to do effectively. As a result, we may be unable to manage our expenses in the future, which may negatively impact our gross margins or operating margins in any particular quarter. In addition, we may not be able to successfully improve our management information and control systems, including our internal control over financial reporting, to a level necessary to manage our growth.

Competitors and potential competitors may develop products and technologies that make ours obsolete or garner greater market share than ours.

We do not believe that we have any direct competitors who provide comparable technologies of similar depth and breadth which to the same extent enable the commercialization of products developed using synthetic biology across a broad spectrum of biologically based industries. However, there are companies that have competing technologies for individual pieces of our proprietary suite of complementary technologies. One portion of our proprietary technology related to DNA synthesis and assembly includes the ability to synthesize new DNA. We believe the following companies engage in the manufacture of DNA components: DNA 2.0, Inc., Blue Heron Biotech, LLC and Life Technologies Corporation, now part of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Another portion of our proprietary technology includes development of fully human monoclonal antibodies. Our technology utilizes advanced methods of stimulating antibody production in naïve human B-cells in vitro, or in a test tube, and specifically selecting those cells which produce antibodies that can bind a desired target, such as human toxins, tumor cells and microbial pathogens. We believe the following companies engage in the manufacture of human or human-like monoclonal antibodies: AbD SeroTec (a Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. company), Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., XOMA Corporation, Genmab US, Inc., MorphoSys AG, NovImmune SA, Société Des Systèmes Biologiques, or BIOTEM, Adimab, LLC, ProMab Biotechnologies, Inc., Abpro, Inc., AIIM Therapeutics, Inc. and Open Monoclonal Technology, Inc.

The synthetic biologics industry and each of the commercial sectors we have targeted are characterized by rapid technological change and extensive competition. Our future success will depend on our ability to maintain a competitive position with respect to technological advances. Academic institutions also are working in this field. Technological development by others may result in our technologies, as well as products developed by our collaborators using our technologies, becoming obsolete.

Our ability to compete successfully will depend on our ability to develop proprietary technologies that can be used by our collaborators to produce products that reach the market in a timely manner and are technologically superior to and/or are less expensive than other products on the market. Certain of our competitors may benefit from local government subsidies and other incentives that are not available to us or our collaborators. As a result, our

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competitors may be able to develop competing and/or superior technologies and processes, and compete more aggressively and sustain that competition over a longer period of time than we or our collaborators can. As more companies develop new intellectual property in our markets, a competitor could acquire patent or other rights that may limit products using our technologies, which could lead to litigation.

We may be sued for product liability.

Each of our ECCs requires the collaborator to indemnify us for liability related to products produced pursuant to the ECC and to obtain insurance coverage related to product liability in amounts considered standard for the industry. We believe that these industry-standard coverage amounts range from $15.0 million to $40.0 million in the aggregate. Even so, we may be named in product liability suits relating to products that are produced by our collaborators using our technologies. These claims could be brought by various parties, including other companies who purchase products from our collaborators or by the end users of the products. We cannot guarantee that our collaborators will not breach the indemnity and insurance coverage provisions of the ECCs. Further, insurance coverage is expensive and may be difficult to obtain, and may not be available to us or to our collaborators in the future on acceptable terms, or at all. We cannot assure you that our collaborators will have adequate insurance coverage against potential claims. In addition, although we currently maintain product liability insurance for our technologies in amounts we believe to be commercially reasonable, if the coverage limits of these insurance policies are not adequate, a claim brought against us, whether covered by insurance or not, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. This insurance may not provide adequate coverage against potential losses, and if claims or losses exceed our liability insurance coverage, we may go out of business. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities or be required to limit commercialization of our product candidates. Regardless of the merits or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in:

We depend on sophisticated information technology and infrastructure.

We rely on various information systems to manage our operations. These systems are complex and include software that is internally developed, software licensed from third parties and hardware purchased from third parties. These products may contain internal errors or defects, particularly when first introduced or when new versions or enhancements are released. Failure of these systems could have an adverse effect on our business, which in turn may materially adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

We may incur significant costs complying with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, and failure to comply with these laws and regulations could expose us to significant liabilities.

We use hazardous chemicals and radioactive and biological materials in our business and are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and international laws and regulations governing, among other matters, the use, generation, manufacture, transportation, storage, handling, disposal of, and human exposure to these materials both in the United States and overseas, including regulation by governmental regulatory agencies, such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We have incurred, and will continue to incur, capital and operating expenditures and other costs in the ordinary course of our business in complying with these laws and regulations.

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We have international operations and assets, and may have additional international operations and assets in the future. Our international operations and assets may be subject to various economic, social and governmental risks.

Our international operations and any future international operations may expose us to risks that could negatively impact our future results. Our operations may not develop in the same way or at the same rate as might be expected in a country with an economy similar to the United States. The additional risks that we may be exposed to in these cases include, but are not limited to:

Risks associated with our ECC business model

If we fail to maintain and successfully manage our existing, or enter into new, ECCs, we may not be able to develop and commercialize our technologies and achieve or sustain profitability.

Our ability to enter into, maintain and manage collaborations in our target markets is fundamental to the success of our business. We currently rely, and intend to rely for the foreseeable future, on our collaborators to develop products enabled by our technologies and then to manufacture, market, distribute and sell these products. We intend to enter into other strategic ECCs to produce, market and sell products enabled by the technologies that we have developed and will continue to develop. However, we may not be successful in entering into ECCs with future strategic collaborators. Any failure to enter into ECCs in our target market sectors on favorable terms could delay or hinder our ability to develop and commercialize our technologies and could increase our costs of development and commercialization.

We have entered into ECCs with strategic collaborators to develop products enabled by our technologies. There can be no guarantee that we can successfully manage these ECCs. Under the ECCs, we must use diligent efforts to carry out development activities under the ECC. The exclusivity provisions of the ECCs restrict our ability to commercialize our technologies in the designated field covered by the ECC. In most cases, the collaborator may terminate the ECC with us for any reason upon 90 days’ notice. In all cases, the ECC may be terminated if we fail to exercise diligent efforts or breach, and fail to cure, other provisions of the ECC. In addition, since our efforts to date have focused on a small number of collaborators in certain targeted sectors, our business would be adversely affected if one or more of these collaborators terminate their ECCs, fail to use our technologies or fail to develop commercially viable products enabled by our technologies.

Dependence on ECCs also will subject us to other risks, including:

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If any of these events occur, or if we fail to maintain our ECCs with our collaborators, we may not be able to commercialize our existing and potential technologies, grow our business or generate sufficient revenues to support our operations.

Many of collaborators, including some businesses over which we have significant influence, will need additional capital.

In order for many of our collaborators to execute on their business plans, these collaborators will have future capital requirements, and we may be asked to invest additional funds in these collaborators. If we fail to invest additional funds in a collaborator, the collaborator may not have sufficient capital to continue operations.

We rely on our collaborators to develop, commercialize and market products, and they may not be successful.

We depend on our collaborators to commercialize the products enabled by our technologies. If our collaborators are not able to successfully develop the products enabled by our technologies, none of our enabled products will become commercially available and we will receive no back-end payments under our ECCs. Because we do not currently and may never possess the resources necessary to independently develop and commercialize all of the potential products that may result from our technologies, our ability to succeed in markets we have currently targeted depends on our ability to enter into ECCs to develop and commercialize potential products. Some of our existing collaborators do not themselves have the resources necessary to commercialize products and they in turn will need to rely on additional sources of financing or third party collaborations. In addition, pursuant to our current ECCs and similar ECCs that we may enter into in the future, we have limited or no control over the amount or timing of resources that any collaborator is able or willing to devote to developing products or collaborative efforts. Any of our collaborators may fail to perform its obligations under the ECC. Our collaborators may breach or terminate their ECCs with us or otherwise fail to conduct their collaborative activities successfully and in a timely manner. If any of these events were to occur, our revenues, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

The sales process for our ECCs may be lengthy and unpredictable, and we may expend substantial funds and management effort with no assurance of successfully entering into new collaborations to commercialize our technologies.

The sales process for our ECCs may be lengthy and unpredictable. Our sales and licensing efforts may require the effective demonstration of the benefits, value, differentiation, validation of our technologies and services and significant education and training of multiple personnel and departments within the potential collaborator’s organization. Though we have made efforts to standardize our ECCs, we may be required to negotiate ECCs containing terms unique to each collaborator, which would lengthen the sales cycle. We may expend substantial funds and management effort with no assurance that we will execute an ECC or otherwise sell our technologies or services. In addition, this lengthy sales cycle makes it more difficult for us to accurately forecast revenue in future periods and may cause revenues and operating results to vary significantly in such periods.

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We have entered into a limited number of ECCs to date, and we require collaborators to successfully commercialize the products enabled by our technologies.

Our success depends upon entering into ECCs with a number of collaborators across a broad spectrum of industries. There is a risk that we may not be able to demonstrate the value proposition of our technologies with enough collaborators across enough industries for us to be successful. We intend to pursue additional ECCs, but may be unable to do so on terms satisfactory to us, or at all. Our current ECCs and any new ECCs we are able to enter into in one or more of the markets we have targeted may not be successful. Moreover, because we have limited financial and managerial resources, we will be required to prioritize our application of resources to particular development efforts. Any resources we expend on one or more of these efforts could be at the expense of other potentially profitable opportunities. If we focus our efforts and resources on one or more of these markets and they do not lead to commercially viable products, our revenues, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Many of our current collaborators have no experience producing products at the commercial scale needed for the development of their business, and they will not succeed if they cannot effectively commercialize their products.

In addition to developing products using our technologies, our collaborators must demonstrate the ability to utilize our technologies to produce desired products at the commercial scale and on an economically viable basis or they must collaborate with others to do so. The products and processes developed using our technologies may not perform as expected when applied at commercial scale, or our collaborators may encounter operational challenges for which we and they are unable to devise a workable solution. For example, contamination in the production process could decrease process efficiency, create delays and increase our collaborators’ costs. Moreover, under the terms of our ECCs, we limit the ability of our collaborators to partner their programs with third parties. We and our collaborators may not be able to scale up our production in a timely manner, if at all, even if our collaborators successfully complete product development in their laboratories and pilot and demonstration facilities. If this occurs, the ability of our collaborators to commercialize products and processes using our technologies will be adversely affected, and, with respect to any products that are brought to market, our collaborators may not be able to lower the cost of production, which would adversely affect our ability to increase the future profitability of our business.

The markets in which our collaborators are developing products using our technologies are subject to extensive regulation, and we rely on our collaborators to comply with all applicable laws and regulations.

Our technologies are used in products that are subject to extensive regulation by governmental authorities. We depend on our collaborators to comply with these laws and regulations with respect to products they produce using our technologies and we do not independently monitor whether our collaborators comply with applicable laws and regulations. If our collaborators fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations, we are subject to substantial financial and operating risks because we depend on our collaborators to produce the end products enabled by our technologies for sale, and because in many cases we have a substantial equity interest in our collaborators. These regulatory risks are extensive and include the following:

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The markets in which our collaborators are developing products using our technologies are highly competitive.

The markets in which our collaborators are developing products are, and will continue to be, highly competitive, and there can be no assurance that we or our collaborators will be able to compete effectively. There are numerous companies presently in these markets that are developing products that may compete with, and could adversely affect the prices for, any products developed by our collaborators using our technologies. Many of these competitors and potential competitors are well-established companies with significant resources and experience, along with well-developed distribution systems and networks for their products, valuable historical relationships with potential customers and extensive sales and marketing programs for their products. Some of these competitors may use these resources and their market influence to impede the development and/or acceptance of the products developed by our collaborators using our technologies.

We do not believe that we have any direct competitors who provide similar technologies which fully enable the commercialization of products developed using synthetic biology across a broad spectrum of biologically based industries. However, there are companies that have competing technologies for individual pieces of our proprietary suite of complementary technologies. One portion of our proprietary technology related to DNA synthesis and assembly includes the ability to de novo synthesize DNA. The following companies are examples of companies which we believe engage in the manufacture of DNA componentry: DNA 2.0, Inc., Blue Heron Biotech, LLC and Life Technologies Corporation, now part of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Another portion of our proprietary technology includes development of fully human monoclonal antibodies. Our technology utilizes advanced methods of stimulating antibody production in naïve human B-cells in vitro (i.e., “in a test tube”) and specifically selecting those cells which produce antibodies that can bind a desired target (e.g., human toxins, tumor cells, microbial pathogens). The following companies are examples of companies which we believe engage in the manufacture of human or human-like monoclonal antibodies: AbD SeroTec (a Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. company), Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., XOMA Corporation, Genmab US, Inc., MorphoSys AG, NovImmune SA, Société Des Systèmes Biologiques, or BIOTEM, Adimab, LLC, ProMab Biotechnologies, Inc., Abpro Labs, AIIM Therapeutics and OmniAb.

To the extent that any of our collaborators’ competitors are more successful with respect to any key competitive factor or our collaborators are forced to reduce, or are unable to raise, the price of any products enabled by our technologies in order to remain competitive, our operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. Competitive pressure could arise from, among other things, safety and efficacy concerns, limited demand or a significant number of additional competitive products being introduced into a particular market, price reductions by competitors, the ability of competitors to capitalize on their economies of scale, the ability of competitors to produce or otherwise procure products similar or equivalent to those of our collaborators at lower costs and the ability of competitors to access more or newer technology than our collaborators can access (including our own).

Our right to terminate our ECCs is limited.

Generally, we do not have the right to terminate an ECC except in limited circumstances such as the collaborator’s failure to exercise diligent efforts in performing its obligations under the ECC, including its development of products enabled by our technologies, or its breach of a term of the ECC that remains uncured for a specified period of time. Moreover, each of our collaborators receives an exclusive license to use all of our technologies in a designated field, potentially in perpetuity. The collaborators we choose in particular fields may not be in the best position to maximize the value of our technologies in that field, if they are capable of commercializing any products at all. In addition, the scope of the field for a particular ECC may prove to be too broad and result in the failure to maximize the value of our technologies in that field.

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Risks related to our intellectual property

Our ability to compete may decline if we do not adequately protect our proprietary technologies or if we lose some of our intellectual property rights through costly litigation or administrative proceedings.

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patents and maintain adequate protection of our intellectual property in the United States and abroad for our suite of technologies and resultant products and potential products. We have adopted a strategy of seeking patent protection in the United States and abroad with respect to certain of the technologies used in or relating to our products and processes. We have also in-licensed rights to additional patents and pending patent applications in the United States and abroad. However, some of these in-licensed patents will expire as early as 2014, and some of our own patents will expire as early as 2017. We intend to continue to apply for patents relating to our technologies, methods and products as we deem appropriate.

We have strategic positioning with respect to our key technologies including patent portfolios directed to: our switch technology covering aspects of our gene switches, such as our RheoSwitch Therapeutic System, and gene modulation systems, vectors, cells and organisms containing these switches, and their use; our activator ligand technology covering aspects of our activator ligands and their use; and our cell identification and selection technology covering aspects of our cell identification and selection platform, including our cell purification, isolation, characterization and manipulation technologies. In these portfolios, the issued U.S. patents and applications, if granted, are scheduled to expire from 2017 to 2034. We have also filed counterpart patents and patent applications in other countries, including Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Europe, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, South Africa and Taiwan. In the future we may file in these or additional jurisdictions as deemed appropriate for the protection of our technologies. In these jurisdictions, the issued patents and patent applications, if granted, are scheduled to expire from 2018 to 2032.

The enforceability of patents involves complex legal and factual questions and, therefore, the extent of enforceability cannot be guaranteed. Issued patents and patents issuing from pending applications may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Moreover, the United States Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, enacted in September 2011, brought significant changes to the U.S. patent system, which include a change to a “first to file” system from a “first to invent” system and changes to the procedures for challenging issued patents and disputing patent applications during the examination process, among other things. The effects of these changes on our patent portfolio and business have yet to be determined, as the final substantive provisions of the America Invents Act took effect on March 16, 2013. The United States Patent and Trademark Office, or the USPTO, only recently finalized the rules relating to these changes and the courts have yet to address the new provisions. These changes could increase the costs and uncertainties surrounding the prosecution of our patent applications and the enforcement or defense of our patent rights. Additional uncertainty may result from legal precedent handed down by the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and United States Supreme Court as they determine legal issues concerning the scope and construction of patent claims and inconsistent interpretation of patent laws by the lower courts. Accordingly, we cannot ensure that any of our pending patent applications will result in issued patents, or even if issued, predict the breadth of the claims upheld in our and other companies’ patents. Given that the degree of future protection for our proprietary rights is uncertain, we cannot ensure that we were the first to invent the inventions covered by our pending patent applications, we were the first to file patent applications for these inventions, the patents we have obtained, particularly certain patents claiming nucleic acids, proteins, or methods, are valid and enforceable, and the proprietary technologies we develop will be patentable.

In addition, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our products or technology. Monitoring unauthorized use of our intellectual property is difficult, and we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent unauthorized use of our technologies, particularly in certain foreign countries where the local laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States. Moreover, third parties could practice our inventions in territories where we do not have patent protection. Such third parties may then try to import into the United States or other territories products, or information leading to potentially competing products, made using our inventions in countries where we do not have patent protection for those inventions. If competitors are able to use our technologies, our ability to compete effectively could be harmed. Moreover, others may independently develop and obtain patents for technologies that are similar to or superior to our technologies. If that happens, we may need to license these technologies, and we may not be able to obtain licenses on reasonable terms, if at all, which could harm our business.

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We also rely on trade secrets to protect our technologies, especially in cases when we believe patent protection is not appropriate or obtainable. However, trade secrets are difficult to protect. While we require our employees, academic collaborators, collaborators, consultants and other contractors to enter into confidentiality agreements, we may not be able to adequately protect our trade secrets or other proprietary or licensed information. If we cannot maintain the confidentiality of our proprietary and licensed technologies and other confidential information, our ability and that of our licensor to receive patent protection and our ability to protect valuable information owned or licensed by us may be imperiled. Enforcing a claim that a third-party entity illegally obtained and is using any of our trade secrets is expensive and time consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. Moreover, our competitors may independently develop equivalent knowledge, methods and know-how.

Litigation or other proceedings or third-party claims of intellectual property infringement could require us to spend significant time and money and could prevent us from commercializing our technologies or impact our stock price.

Our commercial success also depends in part on not infringing patents and proprietary rights of third parties, and not breaching any licenses or other agreements that we have entered into with regard to our technologies, products and business. We cannot ensure that patents have not been issued to third parties that could block our or our collaborators’ ability to obtain patents or to operate as we would like. There may be patents in some countries that, if valid, may block our ability to make, use or sell our products in those countries, or import our products into those countries, if we are unsuccessful in circumventing or acquiring the rights to these patents. There also may be claims in patent applications filed in some countries that, if granted and valid, also may block our ability to commercialize products or processes in these countries if we are unable to circumvent or license them.

The biotechnology industry is characterized by frequent and extensive litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights. Many companies have employed intellectual property litigation as a way to gain a competitive advantage. Our involvement in litigation, interferences, opposition proceedings or other intellectual property proceedings inside and outside of the United States, to defend our intellectual property rights or as a result of alleged infringement of the rights of others, may divert management time from focusing on business operations and could cause us to spend significant amounts of money. Some of our competitors may have significantly greater resources and, therefore, they are likely to be better able to sustain the cost of complex patent or intellectual property litigation than we could. The uncertainties associated with litigation could have a material adverse effect on our ability to raise the funds necessary to continue our business or to enter into additional collaborations with others. Furthermore, any potential intellectual property litigation also could force us or our collaborators to do one or more of the following:

The patent landscape in the field of synthetic biology is particularly complex. We are aware of U.S. and foreign patents and pending patent applications of third parties that cover various aspects of synthetic biology including patents that some may view as covering aspects of our technologies. In addition, there may be patents and patent applications in the field of which we are not aware. In many cases, the technologies we develop are early-stage technologies and we are and our collaborators are just beginning the process of designing and developing products using these technologies. Although we will seek to avoid pursuing the development of products that may infringe any patent claims that we believe to be valid and enforceable, we and our collaborators may fail to do so. Moreover, given the breadth and number of claims in patents and pending patent applications in the field of synthetic biology and the complexities and uncertainties associated with them, third parties may allege that we or our collaborators are infringing upon patent claims even if we do not believe such claims to be valid and enforceable.

Although no third party has asserted a claim of infringement against us, others may hold proprietary rights that could prevent products using our technologies from being marketed. Any patent-related legal action against persons who license our technologies, our collaborators or us claiming damages and seeking to enjoin commercial activities relating to products using our technologies or our processes could subject us to potential liability for damages and require our licensor or us to obtain a license to continue to manufacture or market such products or any future

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product candidates that use our technologies. We cannot predict whether we or our licensor would prevail in any such actions or that any license required under any of these patents would be made available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. In addition, we cannot be sure that any such products or any future product candidates or processes could be redesigned to avoid infringement, if necessary. Accordingly, an adverse determination in a judicial or administrative proceeding, or the failure to obtain necessary licenses, could prevent our collaborators from developing and commercializing products using our technologies, which could harm our business, financial condition and operating results.

If any of our competitors have filed patent applications or obtained patents that claim inventions also claimed by us, we may have to participate in interference proceedings declared by the USPTO to determine priority of invention and, thus, the right to the patents for these inventions in the United States. These proceedings could result in substantial cost to us even if the outcome is favorable. Even if successful, an interference may result in loss of certain of our important claims.

Any litigation or proceedings could divert our management’s time and efforts. Even unsuccessful claims could result in significant legal fees and other expenses, diversion of management time, and disruption in our business. Uncertainties resulting from initiation and continuation of any patent or related litigation could harm our ability to compete.

Obtaining and maintaining our patent protection depends on compliance with various procedural, document submission, fee payment and other requirements imposed by governmental patent agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated for non-compliance with these requirements.

The USPTO and various foreign governmental patent agencies require compliance with a number of procedural, documentary, fee payment and other provisions during the patent process. Given the size of our intellectual property portfolio, compliance with these provisions involves significant time and expense. There are situations in which noncompliance can result in abandonment or lapse of a patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. In such an event, competitors might be able to enter the market earlier than would otherwise have been the case.

If we do not obtain additional protection under the Hatch-Waxman Amendments and similar foreign legislation by extending the patent terms and obtaining data exclusivity for our technologies, our business may be materially harmed.

Depending upon the timing, duration and specifics of FDA marketing approval of products using our technologies, one or more of the U.S. patents we own or license may be eligible for limited patent term restoration under the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984, referred to as the Hatch-Waxman Amendments. The Hatch-Waxman Amendments permit a patent restoration term of up to five years as compensation for patent term lost during product development and the FDA regulatory review process. However, we may not be granted an extension because of, for example, failing to apply within applicable deadlines, failing to apply prior to expiration of relevant patents or otherwise failing to satisfy applicable requirements. Moreover, the applicable time period or the scope of patent protection afforded could be less than we request. If we are unable to obtain patent term extension or restoration or the term of any such extension is less than we request, our competitors may obtain approval of competing products following our patent expiration, and our ability to generate revenues could be materially adversely affected.

Enforcing our intellectual property rights may be difficult and unpredictable.

If we were to initiate legal proceedings against a third party to enforce a patent claiming one of our technologies, the defendant could counterclaim that our patent is invalid and/or unenforceable or assert that the patent does not cover its manufacturing processes, manufacturing components or products. Proving patent infringement may be difficult, especially where it is possible to manufacture a product by multiple processes. Furthermore, in patent litigation in the United States, defendant counterclaims alleging both invalidity and unenforceability are commonplace. Although we believe that we have conducted our patent prosecution in accordance with the duty of candor and in good faith, the outcome following legal assertions of invalidity and unenforceability during patent litigation is unpredictable. With respect to the validity of our patent rights, we cannot be certain, for example, that there is no invalidating prior art, of which we and the patent examiner were unaware during prosecution. If a defendant were to prevail on a legal assertion of invalidity and/or unenforceability, we would not be able to exclude others from practicing the inventions claimed therein. Such a loss of patent protection could have a material adverse impact on

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our business. Even if our patent rights are found to be valid and enforceable, patent claims that survive litigation may not cover commercially valuable products or prevent competitors from importing or marketing products similar to our own, or using manufacturing processes or manufacturing components similar to those used to produce the products using our technologies.

Although we believe we have obtained assignments of patent rights from all inventors, if an inventor did not adequately assign their patent rights to us, a third party could obtain a license to the patent from such inventor. This could preclude us from enforcing the patent against such third party.

We may not be able to enforce our intellectual property rights throughout the world.

The laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Many companies have encountered significant problems in protecting and defending intellectual property rights in certain foreign jurisdictions. The legal systems of certain countries, particularly certain developing countries, do not favor the enforcement of patents and other intellectual property protection, particularly those relating to synthetic biology. This could make it difficult for us to stop the infringement of our patents or misappropriation of our other intellectual property rights. Proceedings to enforce our patent rights in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial costs and divert our efforts and attention from other aspects of our business. Accordingly, our efforts to protect our intellectual property rights in such countries may be inadequate.

If our technologies or products using our technologies are stolen, misappropriated or reverse engineered, others could use the technologies to produce competing technologies or products.

Third parties, including our collaborators, contract manufacturers, contractors and others involved in our business often have access to our technologies. If our technologies, or products using our technologies, were stolen, misappropriated or reverse engineered, they could be used by other parties that may be able to reproduce our technologies or products using our technologies for their own commercial gain. If this were to occur, it would be difficult for us to challenge this type of use, especially in countries with limited intellectual property protection.

Confidentiality agreements with employees and others may not adequately prevent disclosures of trade secrets and other proprietary information.

We have taken measures to protect our trade secrets and proprietary information, but these measures may not be effective. We require our new employees and consultants to execute confidentiality agreements upon the commencement of an employment or consulting arrangement with us. These agreements generally require that all confidential information developed by the individual or made known to the individual by us during the course of the individual’s relationship with us be kept confidential and not disclosed to third parties. These agreements also generally provide that inventions conceived by the individual in the course of rendering services to us shall be our exclusive property. Nevertheless, our proprietary information may be disclosed, third parties could reverse engineer our technologies or products using our technologies and others may independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets. Costly and time-consuming litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights, and failure to obtain or maintain trade secret protection could adversely affect our competitive business position.

Risks related to AquaBounty

Because we own a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of AquaBounty, the following risk factors that are applicable to AquaBounty’s business also apply to us.

AquaBounty will need additional capital.

In order for AquaBounty to execute on its business plan as announced by its management, AquaBounty will have future capital requirements, and we may be asked to invest additional funds in AquaBounty. If we fail to invest these additional funds, we may not retain control over AquaBounty. We have been advised by the management of AquaBounty that as of December 31, 2013, AquaBounty held $1.9 million of cash and cash equivalents and had a working capital balance of $1.5 million and that these amounts will provide adequate funds for AquaBounty’s ongoing operations into the first half of 2014. On March 20, 2014, we purchased additional shares of AquaBounty for $10.0 million in a private subscription offering. We have no contractual obligation to provide funds to AquaBounty and therefore we do not know whether, or to what extent, we will be required to invest additional funds in AquaBounty.

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There is significant uncertainty regarding regulatory approval for AquaBounty’s AquAdvantage^® Salmon.

As a genetically modified animal for human consumption, AquAdvantage Salmon, or AAS, will require approval from the FDA and regulatory bodies in other countries before it can be sold. To date, there have been significant delays in the regulatory process. There is no guarantee that any approvals granted, if granted, will not be subject to onerous obligations. Any change to AAS or the development of a new product, including pursuant to our ECC, will require AquaBounty to again obtain approval from the FDA and regulatory bodies in other countries.

The regulatory approval process for commercial introduction of AAS will be based on evidence that the AAS are safe to eat and can be grown under conditions that are environmentally sound. AquaBounty is seeking regulatory approval for AAS under a New Animal Drug Application, or NADA. NADA includes all the study components required for Import Tolerance, or tolerances for unapproved new animal drugs where edible portions of animals imported into the United States may contain residues of such drugs, plus an efficacy study, a target animal safety study and a non-target environmental safety study.

Regulatory approval, under the U.S. Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, requires the submission of studies demonstrating human food safety and consistency in the manufacturing process. From 1995 to 2010 AquaBounty submitted the results of a number of studies on the safety and manufacturing of AAS. AquaBounty completed all major submissions for its NADA for AAS with the FDA in 2010.

In September 2010, the FDA held a public meeting of its Veterinary Medicine Advisory Committee to review its findings regarding AAS. The conclusion of the committee was that AAS is indistinguishable from other farmed Atlantic salmon, is safe to eat and does not pose a threat to the environment under its conditions of use. Subsequently, the FDA initiated an environmental assessment in compliance with its obligations under the U.S. National Environmental Policy Act, which requires that all federal agencies consider the possible environmental impacts of any action which they authorize.

On December 26, 2012, the FDA published its environmental assessment for AAS, along with a Finding of No Significant Impact, in the Federal Register, confirming that an approval of the pending NADA would not have an adverse effect on the environment and opened up a 60 day period for public comment. On February 13, 2013, the FDA extended the period for public comment by an additional 60 days and the period expired on April 26, 2013.

As of March 20, 2014, AquaBounty is awaiting a report of final action by the FDA on the pending NADA. We do not know when the FDA will issue this report.

The loss of AquaBounty broodstock would result in the loss of AquaBounty’s commercial technology.

AquaBounty’s AAS intellectual property resides in the breeding population of live fish, or broodstock, themselves; destruction of AAS broodstocks by whatever means would result in the loss of the commercial technology. Live animals are subject to disease that may, in some cases, prevent or cause delay in the export of fish or eggs to customers. Disease organisms may be present undetected and transferred inadvertently. Such events may cause loss of revenue.

AquaBounty is exposed to exchange rate fluctuation.

As a consequence of the international nature of its business, AquaBounty is exposed to risks associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. AquaBounty is based in the United States and presents its financial statements in U.S. dollars and the majority of AquaBounty’s cash resources are held in U.S. dollars or in Canadian dollars. Some of AquaBounty’s future expenses and revenues are expected to be denominated in currencies other than in U.S. dollars. Therefore, movements in exchange rates to translate to foreign currencies may have an impact on AquaBounty’s reported results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Risks related to our common stock

We do not anticipate paying cash dividends, and accordingly, shareholders must rely on stock appreciation for any return on their investment.

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the future and intend to retain all of our future earnings, if any, to finance the operations, development and growth of our business. As a result, only appreciation of the price of our common stock, which may never occur, will provide a return to shareholders. Investors seeking cash dividends should not invest in our common stock.

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If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research or reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our shares of common stock depends, in part, on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. We do not have any control over these analysts. If securities or industry analysts do not continue to cover us, the trading price for our shares of common stock may be negatively impacted. If one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades our shares of common stock, changes their opinion of our shares or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our shares of common stock could decrease and we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price and trading volume to decline.

If our executive officers, directors and largest shareholders choose to act together, they may be able to control our management and operations, acting in their own best interests and not necessarily those of other shareholders.

As of December 31, 2013, our executive officers, directors and beneficial holders of five percent or more of our outstanding stock owned approximately 66 percent of our voting stock, including shares subject to outstanding options and warrants. As a result, these shareholders, acting together, would be able to significantly influence all matters requiring approval by our shareholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers or other business combination transactions, as well as our management and affairs. The interests of this group of shareholders may not always coincide with the interests of other shareholders, and they may act in a manner that advances their best interests and not necessarily those of other shareholders. This concentration of ownership control may:

We have engaged in transactions with companies in which Randal J. Kirk, our Chief Executive Officer, and his affiliates have an interest.

We have engaged in a variety of transactions with companies in which Mr. Kirk and affiliates of Mr. Kirk have an interest. Among these transactions are our ECCs with Genopaver, LLC and Fibrocell Science, Inc. and our licensing arrangement with Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. We believe that each of these transactions was on terms no less favorable to us than terms we could have obtained from unaffiliated third parties, and each of these transactions was approved by at least a majority of the disinterested members of our board of directors. In addition, subsequent to our consummation of the ECCs with ZIOPHARM, Oragenics, Inc., Synthetic Biologics, Inc., AmpliPhi Biosciences Corp., Soligenix, Inc. and Agilis Biotherapeutics LLC, Mr. Kirk and his affiliates invested in these companies. Furthermore, as we execute on these ECCs going forward, a conflict may arise between our interests and those of Mr. Kirk and his affiliates. It is our intention to ensure that all future transactions, if any, between us and our officers, directors, principal shareholders and their affiliates, are approved by the audit committee or a majority of the independent and disinterested members of the board of directors in accordance with our written related person transaction policy, and are on terms no less favorable to us than those that we could obtain from unaffiliated third parties.

Randal J. Kirk controls approximately 64 percent of our common stock and is able to control or significantly influence corporate actions, which may result in Mr. Kirk taking actions contrary to the desires of our other shareholders.

We have historically been controlled, managed and principally funded by Randal J. Kirk, our Chief Executive Officer, and affiliates of Mr. Kirk. As of December 31, 2013, Mr. Kirk and shareholders affiliated with him beneficially owned approximately 64 percent of our voting stock. Mr. Kirk is able to control or significantly influence all matters requiring approval by our shareholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers or other business combination transactions. The interests of Mr. Kirk may not always coincide with the interests of other shareholders, and he may take actions that advance his personal interests and are contrary to the desires of our other shareholders.

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A significant portion of our total outstanding shares of common stock is restricted from immediate resale but may be sold into the market in the near future. This could cause the market price of our common stock to drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market could occur at any time. These sales, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares of common stock intend to sell shares, could reduce the market price of our common stock. If Mr. Kirk or any of his affiliates were to sell a substantial portion of the shares they hold, it could cause our stock price to decline.

In addition, as of March 20, 2014, there were 8,563,176 shares subject to outstanding options that will become eligible for sale in the public market to the extent permitted by any applicable vesting requirements, lock-up agreements and Rules 144 and 701 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Moreover, as of December 31, 2013, holders of an aggregate of approximately 72 million shares of our common stock had rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering their shares or to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or other shareholders.

We also have registered 7,000,000 shares of common stock that we may issue under our Intrexon Corporation 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan, or the 2013 Plan, plus the shares of common stock reserved for future issuance upon exercise of outstanding stock options under our Intrexon Corporation 2008 Equity Incentive Plan that remain unissued. These shares can be freely sold in the public market upon issuance and once vested.

We are subject to anti-takeover provisions in our articles of incorporation and bylaws and under Virginia law that could delay or prevent an acquisition of our Company, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to our shareholders.

Certain provisions of Virginia law, the commonwealth in which we are incorporated, and our articles of incorporation and bylaws could hamper a third party’s acquisition of us, or discourage a third party from attempting to acquire control of us. These provisions include:

These provisions also could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. In addition, these provisions make it more difficult for our shareholders, should they choose to do so, to remove our board of directors or management.

We are an “emerging growth company,” and we cannot be certain if the reduced reporting requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our shares of common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive

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compensation, our periodic reports and proxy statements and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years, although circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier, including if the market value of our shares of common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700.0 million as of any June 30 before that time or if we have total annual gross revenue of $1.0 billion or more during any fiscal year before that time, in which cases we would no longer be an emerging growth company as of the following December 31, or if we issue more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during any three-year period before that time, in which case we would no longer be an emerging growth company immediately. We cannot predict if investors will find our shares of common stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our shares of common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our shares of common stock and our share price may be more volatile.

Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies also can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, will be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud. As a result, shareholders could lose confidence in our financial and other public reporting, which would harm our business and the trading price of our common stock.

Effective internal controls over financial reporting are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and, together with adequate disclosure controls and procedures, are designed to prevent fraud. Any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. In addition, any testing by us conducted in connection with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, or any subsequent testing by our independent registered public accounting firm, may reveal deficiencies in our internal controls over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses or that may require prospective or retroactive changes to our financial statements or identify other areas for further attention or improvement. Inferior internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our common stock.

The financial reporting obligations of being a public company in the United States are expensive and time consuming, and may place significant additional demands on our management.

Prior to the consummation of our initial public offering in August 2013, we were not subject to public company reporting obligations in the United States. The additional obligations of being a public company in the United States require significant additional expenditures and place additional demands on our management, including costs resulting from public company reporting obligations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations regarding corporate governance practices, including those under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the listing requirements of the New York Stock Exchange. Our management and other personnel devote a substantial amount of time to ensure that we comply with all of these requirements. Moreover, despite recent reforms made possible by the JOBS Act, the reporting requirements, rules and regulations increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly, particularly after we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” Any changes that we make to comply with these obligations may not be sufficient to allow us to satisfy our obligations as a public company on a timely basis, or at all.

We also expect these rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. These factors also could make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, particularly to serve on our audit and compensation committees, or as executive officers.

Not applicable.

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We lease approximately 187,000 square feet of laboratory or combined laboratory and office space which is used in our research and development efforts. We establish the geographic locations of our research and development operations based on proximity to the relevant market expertise and access to available talent pools. Our primary lab operations under lease include locations in San Diego, California, San Carlos, California, Germantown, Maryland, Durham, North Carolina and Blacksburg, Virginia. We lease an additional 37,000 square feet of administrative offices in Foster City, California, West Palm Beach, Florida, Germantown, Maryland, and Blacksburg, Virginia. The original terms of our leases range from one to five years. See also “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Contractual Obligations and Commitments.” The following table shows information about our primary lab operations as of December 31, 2013:

AquaBounty’s primary operations include locations in Massachusetts, Canada, and Panama. AquaBounty leases or owns 18,000 square feet of laboratory space.

We are involved in litigation or legal matters incidental to our business activities. While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we are vigorously defending them and do not currently expect that any of them will have a material adverse effect on our business or financial position. However, should one or more of these matters be resolved in a manner adverse to our current expectation, the effect on our results of operations for a particular fiscal reporting period could be material.

In connection with the acquisition of Medistem, a number of purported class action lawsuits brought on behalf of all Medistem stockholders were filed. The complaints in the lawsuits are similar. Each complaint names Medistem, all of the members of Medistem’s board of directors, Intrexon, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Intrexon created by Intrexon to facilitate the merger, as defendants. The plaintiffs sought relief that included an injunction prohibiting the consummation of the merger, damages, and payment of plaintiffs’ attorneys’ fees and costs. We believe that these allegations are without merit. On February 25, 2014, the plaintiffs and defendants entered into a memorandum of understanding providing for the release of all claims against the defendants related to the proposed acquisition. The plaintiffs may still apply to the relevant court for an award of fees and reimbursement of costs in connection with the lawsuits. We believe that any settlement or payment of such an award would likely entail a payment by Medistem’s insurance provider. Nonetheless, should a court award fees and costs to the plaintiffs and their counsel, and should such an award exceed the coverage limits of the insurance policies of Medistem, we could be required to pay a portion of such award.

Not applicable.

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The following table sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers and directors as of March 20, 2014.

Executive officers

Randal J. Kirk, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. Mr. Kirk has served as our Chief Executive Officer since April of 2009 and Chairman of the Board since February 2008. Mr. Kirk provides a wealth of strategic, operational and management experience. Mr. Kirk currently serves as the Senior Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Third Security, LLC, an investment management firm founded by Mr. Kirk in March 1999. Additionally, Mr. Kirk founded and became Chairman of the Board of New River Pharmaceuticals Inc. (previously traded on NASDAQ prior to its acquisition by Shire plc in 2007) in 1996, and was President and Chief Executive Officer between October 2001 and April 2007. Mr. Kirk currently serves in a number of additional capacities including as a member of the board of directors of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: HALO) since May 2007 and as a member of the board of directors of ZIOPHARM Oncology, Inc. (NASDAQ: ZIOP) since January 2011. Previously, Mr. Kirk served as a member of the board of directors of Scios, Inc. (previously traded on NASDAQ prior to its acquisition by Johnson & Johnson) between February 2000 and May 2002, and as a member of the board of directors of Clinical Data, Inc. (previously traded on NASDAQ prior to its acquisition by Forest Laboratories, Inc. in April 2011) from September 2002 to April 2011, and was Chairman of the board of directors from December 2004 to April 2011. Mr. Kirk served on the board of visitors of Radford University from July 2003 to June 2009, was Rector of the board of directors from September 2006 to September 2008, and served on the board of directors of the Radford University Foundation, Inc. from September 1998 to May 2011. He served on the board of visitors of the University of Virginia and Affiliated Schools from July 2009 to October 2012, on the Virginia Advisory Council on Revenue Estimates from July 2006 to October 2012 and on the Governor’s Economic Development and Jobs Creation Commission from April 2010 to October 2012. Mr. Kirk received a B.A. in Business from Radford University and a J.D. from the University of Virginia. We believe that Mr. Kirk’s business experience, including his extensive business experience as chief executive officer of multiple companies, his experience as an investor, his service on committees of academic institutions and other public company boards, combined with his business acumen and judgment, provide our board of directors with valuable strategic and operational expertise and leadership skills.

Krish S. Krishnan, M.S., M.B.A., Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Krishnan has served as our Chief Operating Officer since 2011. Mr. Krishnan brings many years of experience in the life sciences industry, having held key executive roles at several companies including Chief Executive Officer of Pinnacle Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from 2009 to 2011 and, most notably, his tenure as Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer from April 2004 until April 2007,

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and a member of the board of directors from March 2003 until April 2007 of New River Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (previously traded on NASDAQ prior to its acquisition by Shire plc in 2007). Previously, he served as a Senior Managing Director of Third Security, LLC between 2001 and 2008 and as a board member of Biotie Therapies Oyj (BTH1V:Helsinki) between 2008 and 2009. Mr. Krishnan started his career as an engineer with E.I. Dupont de Nemours in Wilmington, Delaware. He received a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, an M.S. in Engineering from the University of Toledo, and an M.B.A. in Finance from The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

Thomas D. Reed, Ph.D., Chief Science Officer and Director. Dr. Reed co-founded Intrexon in 1998 and has served as Chief Science Officer since then and has served on the board of directors since 1998. Dr. Reed is a molecular geneticist with over 20 years of experience in recombinant DNA technology. He has developed sophisticated transgenic model systems for studying the role of gene products in neuronal, cardiovascular, and cancer systems. Dr. Reed has published numerous peer-reviewed articles in the fields of subcellular modulation, gene regulation and cardiac function and is an inventor on numerous patents. Dr. Reed received his B.S. in Genetics from the University of California-Davis, an M.S. in Biological Science from Wright State University, and a Ph.D. in Molecular and Developmental Biology from the University of Cincinnati.

Rick L. Sterling, Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Sterling has served as our Chief Financial Officer since 2007. Prior to joining us, he was with KPMG where he worked in the audit practice for over 17 years, with a client base primarily in the healthcare, technology and manufacturing industries. Mr. Sterling’s experience includes serving clients in both the private and public sector, including significant experience with SEC filings and Sarbanes-Oxley compliance. He received a B.S. in Accounting and Finance from Virginia Polytechnical Institute and State University and is a licensed Certified Public Accountant.

Donald P. Lehr, Chief Legal Officer. Mr. Lehr has served as our Chief Legal Officer since 2011. From 2009 to 2011 he served as our Associate General Counsel. Mr. Lehr has broad experience in the areas of corporate, securities, and general business law. Prior to joining us, he was at Hogan Lovells LLP (formerly Hogan & Hartson, LLP) in Baltimore, Maryland from 2002 to 2009. While at Hogan, his practice included the representation of privately and publicly held corporations across many industries, including biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, health care, software, technology, and manufacturing. Prior to his time at Hogan, Mr. Lehr served as a judicial clerk for the Honorable Irma S. Raker of the Court of Appeals of Maryland. Mr. Lehr received a B.A. from Swarthmore College and received a J.D. from the University of Maryland School of Law.

Suma M. Krishnan, Senior Vice President — Product Development. Mrs. Krishnan has served as our Senior Vice President — Product Development since 2012. From 2009 to 2011, Mrs. Krishnan served as Senior Vice President of Product Development at Pinnacle Pharmaceuticals, Inc. From 2007 to 2009, she served as Chief Financial Officer of Light Matters Foundation. Previously, Mrs. Krishnan was Vice President, Product Development at New River Pharmaceuticals Inc. from September 2002 until its acquisition by Shire plc in April 2007. Mrs. Krishnan has 22 years’ experience in drug development. Prior to serving at New River Pharmaceuticals Inc., Mrs. Krishnan served in the following capacities: Director, Regulatory Affairs at Shire Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a specialty pharmaceutical company; Senior Project Manager at Pfizer, Inc., a multi-national pharmaceutical company; and a consultant at the Weinberg Group, a pharmaceutical and environmental consulting firm. Mrs. Krishnan began her career as a discovery scientist for Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson, a multi-national pharmaceutical company, in May 1991. Mrs. Krishnan received an M.S. in Organic Chemistry from Villanova University, an M.B.A. from Institute of Management and Research (India) and an undergraduate degree in Organic Chemistry from Ferguson University (India).

Darryl Webster, Senior Vice President, Intellectual Property. Mr. Webster has served as our Senior Vice President, Intellectual Property since 2010. Mr. Webster has over 25 years of legal experience. During his law firm experience and 20 plus years of corporate IP practice, he has worked in scientific areas that match each of the markets we are targeting. Prior to joining us, Mr. Webster was most recently Senior Patent Counsel at Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Pfizer Inc.), where he worked from 1993 to 2010. During his sixteen years at Wyeth, he was the lead patent counsel for several key products and areas including a $6B biological, the Asia Pacific Region, and the Wyeth Nutrition business. Before his work at Wyeth, he worked for more than four years in the core chemical and biochemical areas at AlliedSignal Inc., now Honeywell International Inc. Mr. Webster received Bachelors’ degrees in Chemistry (Biological Specialization) and Economics from Duke University and a J.D. from the University of Maryland School of Law.

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Samuel Broder, M.D., Executive Vice President — Scientific and Public Affairs. Dr. Broder was named as our Executive Vice President — Scientific and Public Affairs in March 2014. Prior to that he served as our Chairman — Health Sector from January 2014 and as our Senior Vice President — Health Sector from 2012. Dr. Broder is an oncologist and medical researcher with particular expertise in the relationship between disorders of the immune system and cancer. Dr. Broder previously served as a science consultant for Intrexon from January 2012 to August 2012. Dr. Broder served as Executive Vice President for Medical Affairs and Chief Medical Officer of Celera Corporation (now a Division of Quest Diagnostics Incorporated) from 1998 to 2010. From 2010 to 2012, Dr. Broder was self-employed as an industry consultant. In the mid-1980s, Dr. Broder’s laboratory played a significant role in developing the first three therapeutic agents approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat the AIDS virus. In 1989, Dr. Broder received a Presidential appointment to serve as Director of the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Broder held this position for six years, during which time he oversaw the development of several anti-cancer therapeutic agents. Dr. Broder received both his undergraduate and medical degrees from the University of Michigan.

Thomas R. Kasser, Ph.D., Senior Vice President — Food Sector. Dr. Kasser has served as Senior Vice President — Food Sector since May 2013. Dr. Kasser served as President of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Biotechnology Divisions and Senior Vice President from April 2012 to May 2013 and, prior to that, as President of the Animal Sciences Division from March 2011. Dr. Kasser brings over 25 years of business management experience in the biotechnology and life sciences industries. He was most recently President and Chief Executive Officer of Angionics, Inc., an early-stage biotech company focused on novel anti-angiogenic technology directed at therapies for cancer and ocular diseases from June 2009 to March 2011. Prior to Angionics, he was a Covance Corporate Vice President and General Manager of Covance Research Products Inc. Dr. Kasser had over 20 years of experience at Monsanto Company both in commercial as well as scientific leadership roles, including tenures as General Manager of Monsanto Choice Genetics, Inc., directing new product development for the Nutrition and Consumer products business, and managing clinical safety and efficacy trials under the jurisdiction of the Food and Drug Administration’s Center for Veterinary Medicine. Dr. Kasser was designated a Monsanto Fellow in recognition of his scientific and technical excellence. He currently serves on the board of directors for AquaBounty Technologies, Inc., an aquaculture biotechnology company. Dr. Kasser received an M.S. in Animal Nutrition from The Pennsylvania State University, an M.B.A. from Washington University — St. Louis and a Ph.D. in Nutrition from the University of Georgia.

Robert F. Walsh, III, Senior Vice President — Energy and Chemicals Sector. Mr. Walsh has served as our Senior Vice President — Energy and Chemicals Sector since 2013. Mr. Walsh has over 30 years of experience in the petroleum and chemical industries. Mr. Walsh served as Chief Commercial Officer of ZeaChem Inc., a cellulosic biofuel and biochemical company, from 2011 to 2013. Prior to his time at ZeaChem, Mr. Walsh served as Chief Executive Officer of Aurora Algae, Inc., an algae production company, from 2008 to 2010, President of LS9, Inc., an industrial biotechnology company, from 2007 to 2008, Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Chemoil Corporation, from 2005 to 2006, and General Manager Supply, Europe for Shell Europe Oil Products, from 2001 to 2006. Mr. Walsh received a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from Purdue University.

Nir Nimrodi, Senior Vice President — Environment Sector. Mr. Nimrodi joined Intrexon as Senior Vice President — Environment Sector in March 2014. Mr. Nimrodi brings to Intrexon over 20 years of diverse international experience, in large global businesses in the life sciences, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and diagnostics industries. Prior to joining Intrexon, Mr. Nimrodi was most recently the Vice President and General Manager of Life Technologies, Inc. Food Safety and Animal Health Business, now part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, and also served in numerous executive roles, including Chief Executive Officer and Board Member of Life Technologies Israel and Head of Protein Technologies. While at Life Technologies, he played a key part in its growth, culminating in its recent acquisition, which represents the largest transaction to-date for this space at $13.6 billion. Previously, Mr. Nimrodi held leadership positions as CEO of Proneuron Biotechnologies, Inc. and also Mindsense Biosystems, as well as Director of Finance of Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd. Before joining the life sciences industry, he served in the Israeli Navy and worked for the Israeli Ministry of Defense. Mr. Nimrodi earned a B.A. in Economics and an M.B.A in Finance from Tel-Aviv University.

Gregory I. Frost, Ph.D., Senior Vice President — Health Sector. Dr. Frost has served as Senior Vice President — Health Sector, since January 2014. Dr. Frost brings to Intrexon more than 20 years of biotechnology industry and research experience in the areas of biochemistry, molecular pathology, pharmacology, and drug delivery. He was most recently Chief Executive Officer of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc (NASDAQ: HALO), a company he co-founded in 1999, and has also served on the Board of Directors and in numerous operational roles, including Chief Scientific Officer. For more than 15 years, Dr. Frost led the research and development efforts at Halozyme from

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discovery through commercialization for a number of internal and partnered biotechnology products, as well as facilitating broad alliances with pharmaceutical companies such as Roche and Pfizer. Before co-founding Halozyme, Dr. Frost conducted research at the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center. Prior to that, while in the Department of Pathology at the University of California, San Francisco, Dr. Frost led foundational studies to purify, clone, and characterize an enzyme gene family of human hyaluronidases. Dr. Frost received a B.A. in biochemistry and molecular biology from the University of California, Santa Cruz, and a Ph.D. in the Department of Pathology at the University of California, San Francisco.

Kelly Huang, Ph.D., Senior Vice President — Consumer Sector. Dr. Huang joined Intrexon as Senior Vice President — Consumer Sector in March 2014. Dr. Huang brings to Intrexon over 18 years experience leading global businesses in life sciences and consumer healthcare through integration of scientific, consumer, and professional insights to create value by putting the customer and patient at the center. Before joining Intrexon, Dr. Huang was President of HealthTronics, a subsidiary of Endo Health Solutions, and Executive Committee Member of Endo where he contributed to strategic leadership across multiple sectors since 2011. To advance Endo’s solutions strategy, he broadened HealthTronics beyond surgical services into healthcare informatics through strategic acquisitions and development of analytics capabilities. Formerly, Dr. Huang spent a significant 16-year tenure with the Johnson & Johnson Family of Companies. From 2009 through 2011, he led award winning product launches in cosmetic and over-the-counter consumer products as Vice President of Research & Development and corporate officer of Neutrogena Corporation, a J&J company. As Vice President with J&J’s Development Corporation from 2006 through 2009, Dr. Huang also established and headed an Internal Venture to partner with a synthetic biology company towards development of a transformational delivery platform based upon novel protein conjugates. In addition, he held leadership positions within J&J’s Consumer Healthcare business, which included spending two years in Paris, France, that drove innovation globally. Dr. Huang earned a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Massachusetts, followed by an M.S. and Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from Stanford University. He advises Spindletop Capital and is a member of the board of HealthTronics Information Technology Solutions with Altaris Capital. Dr. Huang is a member of the National Association of Corporate Directors.

PART II

Market Information and Holders of Record

Our common stock has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “XON” since August 8, 2013. Prior to that date, there was no public trading market for our common stock. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low sales prices per share of our common stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange:

As of March 20, 2014, we had 236 holders of record of our common stock. The actual number of shareholders is greater than this number of record holders and includes shareholders who are beneficial owners but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of holders of record also does not include shareholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.

Dividends

We have never declared or paid a cash dividend on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings and do not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determinations to pay cash dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable laws, and will depend on a number of factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, general business conditions, and any other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, the terms of our credit facility currently prohibit us from paying cash dividends on our capital stock.

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Stock Performance Graph

This performance graph shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), or otherwise subject to the liabilities under that Section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Intrexon Corporation under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

The following graph shows a comparison from August 8, 2013 (the date our common stock commenced trading on the New York Stock Exchange) through December 31, 2013 of the cumulative total return for our common stock, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index (S&P 500 Index) and the NYSE MKT ARCA Biotechnology Index. The graph assumes that $100 was invested at the market close on August 8, 2013 in the common stock of Intrexon Corporation, the S&P 500 Index and the NYSE MKT ARCA Biotechnology Index and data for the S&P 500 Index and the NYSE MKT ARCA Biotechnology Index assumes reinvestments of dividends. The stock price performance of the following graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities and Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities

(a) Sales of Unregistered Securities

From January 1, 2013 through August 13, 2013, we granted options to purchase an aggregate of 721,709 shares of common stock, with exercise prices ranging from $7.12 to $28.69 per share, to employees, directors and consultants pursuant to our 2008 Equity Incentive Plan and 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan. Between January 1, 2013 and August 13, 2013, we issued an aggregate of 12,212 shares of common stock upon the exercise of options for aggregate consideration of $26,000. From January 1, 2013 through December 31, 2013, we sold 19,047,619 shares of our

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Series F preferred stock at a purchase price of $7.88 per share for aggregate gross offering proceeds of approximately $150.0 million, resulting in net proceeds to us of approximately $146.9 million after deducting issuance costs of approximately $3.1 million, including $1.8 million paid to a shareholder. In August 2013, we issued 93,924 shares of common stock upon the cashless exercise of 96,694 warrants.

The sales of the above securities were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act), in reliance upon Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, or Rule 701 promulgated under Section 3(b) of the Securities Act as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering or pursuant to benefit plans and contracts relating to compensation as provided under Rule 701. The recipients of the securities in each of these transactions represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof, and appropriate legends were placed upon the stock certificates issued in these transactions.

(b) Use of Proceeds

On August 7, 2013, our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-189853) was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission for our initial public offering pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 11,499,998 shares of our common stock (inclusive of 1,499,999 shares of common stock sold by us pursuant to the full exercise of an overallotment option granted to the underwriters in connection with the offering) at a price to the public of $16.00 per share for aggregate gross offering proceeds of approximately $184.0 million. J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Barclays Capital Inc. acted as joint book-running managers. On August 13, 2013, we closed the sale of such shares, resulting in net proceeds to us of approximately $168.3 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $12.9 million and other offering expenses of approximately $2.8 million. No payments were made by us to directors, officers or persons owning ten percent or more of our common stock or to their associates, or to our affiliates. We invested the funds received in cash equivalents and other short-term and long-term investments in accordance with our investment policy. There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our initial public offering as described in our final prospectus, dated August 7, 2013, and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 8, 2013 pursuant to Rule 424(b).

(c) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

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The following table sets forth our selected consolidated financial data for the periods and as of the dates indicated. You should read the following selected consolidated financial data in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report and the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section of this Annual Report.

The consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report. All previously reported share and per share amounts of our common stock, including shares of common stock underlying stock options and warrants, throughout this Annual Report have been retroactively adjusted to reflect our 1-for-1.75 reverse stock split of our shares of common stock effective on July 26, 2013. Our audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in U.S. dollars in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Our historical results for any prior period are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in any future period, and our results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for a full fiscal year.

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The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is provided to enhance the understanding of, and should be read in conjunction with, Part I, Item 1, “Business” and Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” For information on risks and uncertainties related to our business that may make past performance not indicative of future results, or cause actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statements, see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” and Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”

Overview

We believe Intrexon is a leader in the field of synthetic biology, an emerging and rapidly evolving discipline that applies engineering principles to biological systems. Using our suite of proprietary and complementary technologies, we design, build and regulate gene programs, which are DNA sequences that consist of key genetic components. A single gene program or a complex, multi-genic program are fabricated and stored within a DNA vector. Vectors are segments of DNA used as a vehicle to transmit genetic information. DNA vectors can, in turn, be introduced into cells in order to generate a simple or complex cellular system, which are the basic and complex cellular activities that take place within a cell and the interaction of those systems in the greater cellular environment. It is these genetically modified cell systems that can be used to produce proteins, produce small molecules, or serve as cell-based products, which enable the development of new and improved products and manufacturing processes across a variety of end markets, including healthcare, food, energy and environmental sciences. Intrexon’s synthetic biology capabilities include the ability to precisely control the amount, location and modification of biological molecules to control the function and output of living cells and optimize for desired results at an industrial scale.

We have devised our business model to bring many different commercial products to market through the formation of exclusive channel collaborations, or ECCs, with collaborators that have expertise within specific industry segments. In our ECCs, we provide expertise in the engineering, creation and modification of gene programs and cellular systems, and our collaborators are responsible for providing market and product development expertise, as well as regulatory, sales and marketing capabilities. Generally, our collaborators compensate us through payment of technology access fees, royalties, milestones and reimbursement of certain costs. This business model allows us to leverage our capabilities and capital across a broader landscape of product opportunities and end markets than we would be capable of addressing on our own.

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In certain strategic circumstances, we may enter into a joint venture with an ECC collaborator. In that event, we will enter into an ECC with a joint venture entity and may contribute access to our technology, cash or both into the joint venture which we will jointly control with our ECC collaborator. Pursuant to a joint venture agreement, we may be required to contribute additional capital to the joint venture, and we may be able to receive a higher financial return than we would normally receive from an ECC to the extent that we and our ECC collaborator are successful in developing one or more products. We recently executed the first three such joint venture agreements: S & I Ophthalmic, LLC, or S & I Ophthalmic, which is a joint venture with a subsidiary of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., or Sun Pharmaceutical Subsidiary, an international specialty pharmaceutical company focused on chronic diseases, OvaXon, LLC, or OvaXon, which is a joint venture with OvaScience, Inc., or OvaScience, a life sciences company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of new treatments for infertility and Intrexon Energy Partners, LLC, or Intrexon Energy Partners, a joint venture with a select group of external investors, to optimize and scale-up our gas-to-liquid bioconversion platform for the production of fuels and lubricants. Alternatively, where a collaborator wishes to work with us to develop an early-stage program, we may execute a research collaboration pursuant to which we receive reimbursement for our development costs but the exclusive license rights, and related access fee, are deferred until completion of an initial research program.

In 2011, we entered into our first collaboration and have added new collaborations since then, either by entering into new agreements or expanding or adding fields to existing ECCs. To date, we have entered into 23 such agreements and expansions with 19 different counterparties, of which 21 remain active. We have 20 active ECCs, including three expansions, and one research collaboration that we anticipate could, if successful, become an ECC. Under the ECCs, we are developing products in the fields of healthcare and food. In healthcare, our ECCs include programs in oncology, anti-infectives, antibiotics and tissue repair. In food, we are working to increase the productivity and nutritional value of salmon and other fish. We are also working to establish ECCs in the areas of energy and environmental sciences. Please see Item 1, “Business,” for a detailed description of our material ECCs. Effective July 26, 2013, the Company’s board of directors and shareholders approved a reverse stock split of 1-for-1.75 of the Company’s shares of common stock. Shareholders entitled to fractional shares as a result of the reverse stock split will receive a cash payment in lieu of receiving fractional shares. Our historical share and per share information have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to this reverse stock split. Shares of common stock underlying outstanding stock options and warrants were proportionately reduced and the respective exercise prices were proportionately increased in accordance with the terms of the agreements governing such securities. Shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the conversion of all of our Series Preferred Stock were proportionately reduced and the conversion prices were proportionately increased.

On August 13, 2013, we completed our initial public offering, or IPO, whereby we sold 11,499,998 shares of common stock (inclusive of 1,499,999 shares of common stock sold by us pursuant to the full exercise of an overallotment option granted to the underwriters in connection with the offering) at a price of $16.00 per share. The shares began trading on the NYSE on August 8, 2013. The aggregate net proceeds received by us from the IPO were $168.3 million, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Upon the closing of the IPO, all outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock, including accrued but unpaid dividends thereon, converted into 79,705,130 shares of common stock. Additionally, in connection with the closing of the IPO, we amended and restated our articles of incorporation pursuant to which we are now authorized to issue 200,000,000 shares of common stock and 25,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock.

Mergers and acquisitions

We completed several acquisitions in 2011 in order to enhance our capabilities and service offerings. On January 26, 2011, we acquired Agarigen, Inc., or Agarigen, a North Carolina-based company that allowed us to expand our capabilities in the agricultural sector. On August 31, 2011, we acquired the LEAP platform technology from Cyntellect, Inc., or Cyntellect. On October 5, 2011, we acquired the cell systems informatics technology from GT Life Sciences, Inc., or GT Life. On October 21, 2011, we acquired the mAbLogix antibody platform from Immunologix, Inc. or Immunologix. See the footnotes to our audited consolidated financial statements found in Item 8 for additional information with respect to the material business combinations. See also Item 1, “Business — Our suite of proprietary and complementary technologies.”

On November 16, 2012, we acquired 48,631,444 shares of common stock of AquaBounty Technologies, Inc., or AquaBounty, representing 47.56 percent of the then outstanding shares of AquaBounty, through a definitive purchase agreement with an existing AquaBounty shareholder and its affiliate. We originally accounted for our investment in AquaBounty using the equity method. On March 15, 2013, we acquired 18,714,814 additional shares

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of AquaBounty common stock increasing our aggregate ownership in AquaBounty to 53.82 percent, resulting in us gaining control over AquaBounty. AquaBounty was consolidated on our results of operations and financial position beginning on March 15, 2013. On March 20, 2014, we acquired 19,040,366 additional shares of AquaBounty common stock increasing our aggregate ownership in AquaBounty to 59.85 percent.

On October 1, 2013, we acquired 4,163,265 shares of common stock of Biological & Popular Culture, Inc., or BioPop, representing 51.00 percent of the outstanding shares of BioPop, resulting in us gaining control over BioPop. BioPop was consolidated on our results of operations and financial position beginning on October 1, 2013.

On March 6, 2014, we acquired California-based Medistem, Inc., or Medistem, a pioneer in the development of Endometrial Regenerative Cells, or ERCs, universal donor adult stem cells that stimulate new blood vessel formation and are capable of generating different tissues included heart, brain, pancreas, liver, bone, cartilage and lung. We intend to employ our synthetic biology platforms to engineer a diverse array of cell-based therapeutic candidates using Medistem’s multipotent ERCs. We will consolidate Medistem’s results of operations and financial position effective March 6, 2014.

Financial overview

We have incurred significant losses since our inception. We anticipate that we may continue to incur significant losses for the foreseeable future, and we may never achieve or maintain profitability. We have never generated any royalty revenues from sales of products by our collaborators and may never be profitable.

We expect our future capital requirements will be substantial, particularly as we continue to develop our business and expand our synthetic biology technology platform. We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents; short-term and long-term investments; and cash expected to be received through our current collaborators will enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.

Sources of revenue

We derive our revenues through the execution of ECCs for the development and commercialization of products enabled by our technologies. Generally, the terms of our ECCs provide that we receive some or all of the following: (i) technology access fees upon consummation of such ECC; (ii) reimbursements of costs incurred by us for our research and development and/or manufacturing efforts related to the specific application provided for in the ECC; (iii) milestone payments upon the achievement of specified development, regulatory and commercial activities; and (iv) royalties on sales of products arising from the collaboration.

Our technology access fees and milestone payments may be in the form of cash or securities of the collaborator. Because our ECCs contain multiple arrangements, we typically defer much of the technology access and milestone payments received and recognize such revenues in the future over the anticipated performance period. We are also entitled to sublicensing revenues in those situations where our collaborators choose to license our technologies to other parties.

In future periods, our revenues will depend on the number of ECCs into which we enter, the advancement and creation of programs within our ECCs and the extent to which our collaborators bring products enabled by our technologies to market. Our revenues will also depend on the ability of AquaBounty to receive regulatory approval and establish successful commercialization of its AquAdvantage Salmon products. In light of our limited operating history and experience in consummating new ECCs, there can be no assurance as to the timing, magnitude and predictability of revenues to which we might be entitled.

In certain strategic circumstances, we may enter into a joint venture with an ECC collaborator whereby we will enter into an ECC with a joint venture entity and both parties may contribute access to their technology, cash or both into the joint venture and jointly control the joint venture. Pursuant to a joint venture agreement, we may be required to contribute additional capital to the joint venture, and we may be able to receive a higher financial return than we would normally receive from an ECC to the extent that we and our ECC collaborator are successful in developing one or more products.

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Research and development expenses

We recognize research and development expenses as they are incurred. Our research and development expenses consist primarily of:

We have no individually significant research and development projects and our research and development expenses primarily relate to either the costs incurred to expand or otherwise improve our multiple platform technologies or the costs incurred to develop a specific application of our technologies in support of current or prospective collaborators. Research and development expenses typically do not include significant development, including pre-clinical or clinical development, activities since they are the responsibility of our collaborators. Research and development expenses incurred for programs we support pursuant to an ECC agreement are reimbursed by the collaborator at cost and all other research and development programs may be terminated or otherwise deferred at our discretion. The amount of our research and development expenses may be impacted by, among other things, the number of ECCs and the number and size of programs we may support on behalf of an ECC.

The table below summarizes our research and development expenses incurred to expand or otherwise improve our multiple platform technologies or the costs incurred to develop a specific application of our technologies in support of current or prospective collaborators for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011. Other research and development expenses for these periods include indirect salaries and overhead expenses that are not allocated to either expanding or improving our multiple platform technologies or specific applications of our technologies in support of current or prospective collaborators.

We expect that our research and development expenses will increase as we continue to enter into ECCs and operate as a public company. We believe these increases will likely include increased costs related to the hiring of additional personnel in research and development functions, increased costs paid to consultants and contract research organizations and increased costs related to laboratory supplies.

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs, including stock-based compensation expense, for employees in executive, operational, finance, information technology and legal functions. Other significant general and administrative expenses include rent and utilities, insurance, legal services and expenses associated with obtaining and maintaining our intellectual property.

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We expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase as we operate as a public company. We believe that these increases will likely include increased costs for director and officer liability insurance, costs related to the hiring of additional personnel and increased fees for outside consultants, lawyers and accountants. We also expect to incur increased costs to comply with corporate governance, internal controls and similar requirements applicable to public companies.

Other income (expense), net

We hold equity securities received and/or purchased from certain collaborators. Other than investments accounted for using the equity method discussed below, we elected the fair value option to account for our equity securities held in these collaborators. These equity securities are recorded at fair value at each reporting date. Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) resulting from fair value adjustments are reported as other income (expense) in the consolidated statement of operations. As such, we bear the risk that fluctuations in the securities’ share prices may significantly impact our results of operations.

Interest income consists of interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments.

Interest expense pertains to equipment currently under four capitalized leases and long term debt held by AquaBounty.

On March 15, 2013, we recorded a gain on our previously held equity investment in AquaBounty; such gain represented the adjustment to fair value of the pro rata share of our original investment.

Equity in net income (loss) of affiliate

Equity in net loss of affiliates is our pro-rata share of our equity method investments’ operating results, adjusted for accretion of basis difference. Through March 15, 2013, we accounted for our investment in AquaBounty using the equity method of accounting since we had the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the operating activities of AquaBounty. On March 15, 2013, we acquired additional ownership interests in AquaBounty which resulted in us gaining control over AquaBounty, thereby requiring consolidation effective on that date. We account for investments in S & I Ophthalmic and OvaXon using the equity method of accounting since we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the operating activities of these joint ventures.

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Results of operations

Comparison of the year ended December 31, 2013 and the year ended December 31, 2012

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, together with the changes in those items in dollars and as a percentage:

Revenues

Total revenues were $23.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to $13.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, an increase of $10.0 million, or 72.5 percent. The following table shows the collaboration revenue recognized for upfront and milestone payments received from our collaborators and reimbursements received for research and development services provided to our collaborators for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, together with the changes in those items:

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The $9.8 million increase in collaboration revenue resulted primarily from the following items:

Research and development expenses

Research and development expenses were $48.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to $64.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. The $15.9 million decrease in research and development expenses is primarily the result of the following:

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General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses increased $8.7 million to $33.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to $24.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. The $8.7 million increase is primarily the result of an increase in salaries, benefits and other personnel expenses of $4.7 million to $17.9 million in 2013 from $13.2 million in 2012. This increase is primarily the result of our hiring of additional employees as we prepared to become a public company, increased performance bonuses due to, among other items, the successful completion of our IPO and for the cost of AquaBounty employees after we began consolidating AquaBounty on March 15, 2013. Legal and professional expenses increased $2.4 million in 2013 compared to 2012 due to costs associated with becoming a public company and merger and acquisitions activity, including the formation of two joint ventures. The remaining increase in general and administrative expenses in 2013 is the result of additional costs for accounting and auditing fees, directors and officers insurance, exchange listing fees, and other costs that are directly related to being a public company.

Total other income (expense), net

Total other income (expense), net is primarily comprised of unrealized appreciation (depreciation) in fair value of equity securities which was $10.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to $(6.3) million for the year ended December 31, 2012. The unrealized appreciation (depreciation) is the result of market change for the equity securities we hold in certain of our collaborators. Total other income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2013 includes a $7.4 million gain on our previously held equity interest in AquaBounty triggered by the requirement to consolidate AquaBounty as of March 15, 2013.

Equity in net loss of affiliates

Equity in net loss of affiliates for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 includes our pro-rata share of the net losses of our investments we account for by the equity method of accounting. In 2012 and through March 15, 2013, we accounted for our investment in AquaBounty using the equity method of accounting. Commencing upon their formation in 2013, our investments in S & I Ophthalmic and OvaXon, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

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Comparison of the year ended December 31, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, together with the changes in those items in dollars and as a percentage:

Revenues

Revenues were $13.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to $8.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 resulting in an increase of $5.8 million, or 71.9 percent. The following table shows the collaboration revenue recognized for upfront and milestone payments received from each of our collaborators and reimbursements received for research and development services provided to each of our collaborators for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, together with the changes in those items:

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The $8.6 million increase in collaboration revenue from 2011 to 2012 is the result of the following:

Our 2011 amounts of other revenues include $2.7 million of revenue related to Cyntellect.

Research and development expenses

Research and development expenses were $64.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to $70.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 resulting in a decrease of $6.2 million, or 8.8 percent. The $6.2 million net decrease in research and development expenses is the result of the following:

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General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses were $24.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to $18.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 resulting in an increase of $6.6 million, or 36.0 percent. The $6.6 million net increase in general and administrative expenses is the result of the following:

Other operating expenses

Other operating expenses of $1.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 relate to Cyntellect.

Total other expense, net

Total other expense, net is primarily comprised of unrealized depreciation in fair value of equity securities which was $(6.3) million for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to unrealized depreciation of $(2.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2011 resulting in a change of $3.6 million. This change is the result of market depreciation as of December 31, 2012 for the equity securities we hold in our collaborators.

Equity in net income (loss) of affiliate

In November 2012, we purchased a 47.56 percent interest in AquaBounty and through December 31, 2012, we accounted for this investment using the equity method. Our equity in net loss of AquaBounty’s operations for the period subsequent to investment through December 31, 2012 of $0.3 million reflects our portion of the net losses of AquaBounty for the period from the date of our investment through December 31, 2012.

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Liquidity and capital resources

Sources of liquidity

We have incurred losses from operations since our inception in 1998 and as of December 31, 2013, we had an accumulated deficit of $376.4 million. From our inception through December 31, 2013, we have funded our operations principally with the proceeds received from the sale of $509.5 million of our preferred stock, net proceeds from our IPO of $168.3 million and the receipt of $12.5 million in prepayments of research and development services by our collaborators. As of December 31, 2013, we had cash and cash equivalents of $49.5 million and short-term and long-term investments of $188.6 million. Cash in excess of immediate requirements is invested primarily in money market funds, certificates of deposits, U.S. government debt securities and commercial paper in order to maintain liquidity and capital preservation.

Cash flows

The following table sets forth the significant sources and uses of cash for the periods set forth below:

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net cash used in operating activities of $53.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2013 resulted from our $40.9 million net loss and noncash items which primarily included (i) our unrealized appreciation on equity securities of $10.4 million and (ii) our $7.4 million gain on our previously held equity interest in AquaBounty. Net cash used in operating activities of $61.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 resulted from our $81.9 million net loss, unrealized depreciation on equity securities of $6.3 million and the receipt of $12.5 million from two of our collaborators for a prepayment of research and development services. Net cash used in operating activities of $81.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2011 resulted from our $85.3 net loss and non-cash charges such as depreciation and amortization and unrealized depreciation on equity securities.

Cash flows from investing activities:

Net cash used in investing activities was $223.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. During 2013, we invested cash received from our Series F financing and our IPO to purchase $234.0 million of U.S. government debt securities, commercial paper and certificates of deposit and used $28.7 million to purchase shares of common stock of certain of our collaborative partners. These cash outflows were offset by $45.0 million received upon the maturation of short-term investments in 2013. Net cash used in investing activities was $23.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. During 2012, we paid $10.0 million to purchase shares of common stock of one of our collaborative partners and we used $7.5 million for property and equipment purchases primarily to expand certain of our lab facilities. Net cash used in investing activities was $64.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. During 2011, we used $28.7 million, net of cash received, to pay for the acquisitions of four businesses, we used $22.6 million to purchase shares of common stock of one of our collaborative partners and we used $13.0 million for property and equipment purchases primarily to scale up our DNA manufacturing capacity.

Cash flows from financing activities:

Net cash provided by financing activities was $316.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. During 2013, we received $146.9 million of net proceeds from the sale of our Series F Preferred Stock and $168.8 million

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of net proceeds from our IPO. Net cash provided by financing activities was $75.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. During 2012, we received $75.5 million of net proceeds from the sale of our Series E Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock. Net cash provided by financing activities was $148.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. During 2011, we received $26.4 million of proceeds from the issuance from the issuance of our Series D Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock, $99.2 million of net proceeds from the issuance of our Series E Preferred Stock, proceeds from the issuance of short-term borrowings, which, along with accrued interest, converted into $15.2 million of Series E Preferred Stock and $7.4 million of subscriptions for our Series E Preferred Stock.

Future capital requirements

We established our current strategy and business model of commercializing our technologies through collaborations in 2010 and we consummated our first ECC in January 2011. Through December 31, 2013 we received from our ECCs (i) upfront and milestone consideration totaling $87.4 million, of which $72.2 million has been deferred and will be recognized over future periods; and (ii) reimbursement of our costs incurred for work performed on behalf of our collaborators of $27.2 million. We believe that we will continue to consummate ECCs with new companies across our various market sectors, which will result in additional upfront, milestone and cost recovery payments in the near future.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments and cash expected to be received through our current collaborators will enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.

We have based our estimates on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we may use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:

Until such time, if ever, as we can generate positive operating cash flows, we may finance our cash needs through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings, government or other third-party funding, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interests of our common shareholders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our common shareholders. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. If we raise additional funds through government or other third-party funding, marketing and distribution arrangements or other collaborations, strategic alliances or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates or to grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us.

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Contractual obligations and commitments

The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations and commercial commitments at December 31, 2013 and the effects such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods:

In addition to the obligations in the table above, as of December 31, 2013 we also have the following significant contractual obligations described below.

In conjunction with our ECC with ZIOPHARM in 2011, we agreed to purchase up to $50.0 million of ZIOPHARM common stock in conjunction with securities offerings that may be conducted by ZIOPHARM in the future, subject to certain conditions and limitations. We purchased $10.0 million in each of 2013 and 2012 and $11.0 million in 2011 of ZIOPHARM common stock in such securities offerings. The remaining obligation on this purchase commitment is approximately $19.0 million at December 31, 2013. This amount is not included in the table above due to the fact that the timing of such securities purchases cannot be predicted.

In June 2011, we entered into an exclusive licensing agreement with Halozyme for the use of Halozyme’s proprietary enzyme in one of our targeted therapeutics. We are related parties with Halozyme through common ownership by Third Security, LLC. Under the terms of this agreement, we are required to pay a non-refundable, annual exclusivity fee of $1.0 million on each anniversary of the agreement effective date until a certain development event occurs. The agreement requires us to pay up to $54.0 million of milestone payments upon the achievement of certain regulatory events. We are obligated to pay tiered royalties on net sales of an approved product developed with Halozyme’s proprietary enzyme. We may terminate this agreement in whole or on a product-by-product basis at any time upon 30 days’ prior written notice to Halozyme. No payments related to this agreement are included in the table above due to the uncertainties surrounding the number of annual payments that will be required and the unpredictability of the timing and likelihood of achieving the milestones.

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We acquired 100 percent of the outstanding capital stock of Immunologix in October 2011. The transaction included a contingent consideration arrangement which may require us to pay the selling shareholders 50 percent, subject to a maximum of $2.0 million, of revenue generated from Immunologix’s technology applied towards a specific target as defined in the agreement up to a maximum of $2.0 million. This amount is not included in the table above due to the uncertainty of whether, if ever, we will pay this contingent consideration.

In December 2012, we received $2.5 million from Synthetic Biologics as prepayment of research and development services to be provided to Synthetic Biologics. Any remaining balance of this prepayment is refundable to Synthetic Biologics in the event our August 2012 ECC is terminated. Synthetic Biologics may voluntarily terminate the ECC upon 90 days’ written notice to us provided that no voluntary termination by Synthetic Biologics can be made during the first 18 months of the ECC. The remaining balance of this prepayment is $1.3 million at December 31, 2013 and is not included in the table above due to the uncertainty of the timing of the performance of these services by us and the unlikely termination of the ECC by either party.

We are also party to in-licensed research and development agreements with various academic and commercial institutions where we could be required to make future payments for annual maintenance fees as well as for milestones and royalties we might receive upon commercial sales of products which incorporate their technologies. These agreements are generally subject to termination by us and therefore no amounts are included in the tables above. At December 31, 2013, we had research and development commitments with third parties totaling $2.4 million of which $1.0 had not yet been incurred.

In January 2009, AquaBounty was awarded a grant to provide funding of a research and development project from the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency, a Canadian government agency. The total amount available under the award is USD$2.7 million, which AquaBounty can claim over a five year period. All amounts claimed by AquaBounty must be repaid in the form of a 10 percent royalty on any products commercialized out of this research and development project until fully paid. Because the timing of commercialization is subject to regulatory approval, the timing of repayment is uncertain. As of the acquisition date, AquaBounty had claimed $2.0 million of the available funds and this amount was recorded on our audited consolidated balance sheet at its acquisition date fair value of $1.1 million. The Company accretes the difference of $0.9 million between the face value of amounts drawn and the acquisition date fair value over the expected period of repayment. Since the acquisition date and through December 31, 2013, AquaBounty has made subsequent draws of $0.5 million resulting in total long-term debt of $1.7 million as of December 31, 2013. This amount is not included in the table above due to the uncertainty of the timing of repayment.

In conjunction with the formation of a joint venture with an indirect subsidiary of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd. in September 2013, we committed to making future capital contributions to the joint venture, subject to certain conditions and limitations, in order to comply with the obligations of the joint venture. In cases in which the board of managers of the joint venture determines that additional capital contributions are necessary, we have committed to making additional capital contributions subject to certain limitations. These future capital contributions are not included in the table above due to the uncertainty of the timing and amounts of such contributions.

In conjunction with the formation of a joint venture with OvaScience in December 2013, we committed to make an initial capital contribution to the joint venture in the amount of $1.5 million, which was paid in January 2014. In cases in which the board of the joint venture determines that additional capital contributions are necessary, we have the option of making additional capital contributions subject to certain limitations. These future capital contributions are not included in the table above due to the uncertainty of the timing and amounts of such contributions.

Net operating losses

As of December 31, 2013, we had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $242.3 million for U.S. federal income tax purposes available to offset future taxable income and U.S. federal and state research and development tax credits of $7.0 million, prior to consideration of annual limitations that may be imposed under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or Section 382. These carryforwards begin to expire in 2022.

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Our past issuances of stock and mergers and acquisitions have resulted in ownership changes within the meaning of Section 382. As a result, the utilization of portions of our net operating losses may be subject to annual limitations. As of December 31, 2013, approximately $16.4 million of our net operating losses generated prior to 2008 are limited by Section 382 to annual usage limits of approximately $1.5 million. As of December 31, 2013, approximately $14.8 million of net operating losses were inherited via acquisition and are limited based on the value of the target at the time of the transaction. Future changes in stock ownership may also trigger an ownership change and, consequently, a Section 382 limitation.

We do not file a consolidated income tax return with AquaBounty and BioPop. As of December 31, 2013, AquaBounty had loss carryforwards for federal and foreign income tax purposes of approximately $8.3 million and $4.1 million, respectively, available to offset future taxable income and foreign research and development credits of $3.0 million, prior to consideration of annual limitations that may be imposed under Section 382 or analogous foreign provisions. These carryforwards will begin to expire in 2019. As a result of our ownership in AquaBounty passing 50% in 2013, an annual Section 382 limitation of approximately $0.9 million per year will apply to losses and credits carried forward by AquaBounty from prior years, which are also subject to Section 382 limitations. As of December 31, 2013, BioPop had an insignificant amount of loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes available to offset future taxable income.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements, other than operating leases as mentioned above, as defined under Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, rules.

Critical accounting policies and estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We evaluate these estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K, we believe that the following accounting policies are the most critical for fully understanding and evaluating our financial condition and results of operations.

Revenue recognition

Our ECCs typically contain multiple elements, or deliverables, including technology licenses, research and development services, and in certain cases manufacturing services. Our ECCs may provide for various types of payments to us including upfront payments or technology access fees, funding of research and development and/or manufacturing services, milestone payments, profit sharing and royalties on product sales. Effective January 1, 2011, we adopted the provisions of Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2009-13, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605): Multiple Deliverable Revenue Arrangements, or ASU 2009-13. In accordance with the provisions of ASU 2009-13, we identify the deliverables within the ECCs and evaluate which deliverables represent separate units of accounting. Analyzing the ECCs to identify deliverables requires the use of judgment. A deliverable is considered a separate unit of accounting when the deliverable has value to the collaborator on a standalone basis based on the consideration of the relevant facts and circumstances for each ECC.

Consideration received is allocated at the inception of the ECC to all identified units of accounting based on their relative selling price. When available, the relative selling price for each deliverable is determined using vendor specific objective evidence, or VSOE, of selling price or third-party evidence of selling price, if VSOE does not exist. If neither VSOE nor third-party evidence of selling price exists, we use our best estimate of the selling price

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for the deliverable. The amount of allocable consideration is limited to amounts that are fixed or determinable. The consideration received is allocated among the separate units of accounting, and the applicable revenue recognition criteria are applied to each of the separate units. We recognize the revenue allocated to each unit of accounting as we deliver the related goods or services. If we determine that we should treat certain deliverables as a single unit of accounting, then we recognize the revenue using either a proportional performance or straight-line method, depending on whether we can reasonably estimate the level of effort required to complete our performance obligations under an arrangement and whether such performance obligations are provided on a best-efforts basis. As we cannot reasonably estimate our performance obligations related to our collaborations, we recognize revenue on a straight-line basis over the period we expect to complete our performance obligations.

Typically, we must estimate our period of performance when the ECCs we enter into do not clearly define such information. Our estimated period of performance for our ECCs has been the expected life of our technologies based on the lack of significant experience we have with these types of agreements and the possibility for multiple products and/or treatments for each ECC’s defined field of use.

Our ECCs typically provide for milestone payments upon achievement of specified development, regulatory and commercial activities. Effective January 1, 2011, we adopted ASU No. 2010-17, Revenue Recognition — Milestone Method, or the Milestone Method. Under the Milestone Method, we recognize consideration that is contingent upon the achievement of a milestone in its entirety as revenue in the period in which the milestone is achieved only if the milestone is substantive in its entirety. A milestone is considered substantive when it meets all of the following criteria:

In the event that a milestone is not considered substantive, we recognize the milestone consideration as revenue using the same method applied to the upfront payments.

Research and development services are a deliverable satisfied by us in accordance with the terms of the ECCs and we consider these services to be inseparable from the license to the core technology; thus reimbursements of services provided are recognized as revenue. Further, because reimbursement (i) is contingent upon performance of the services by us, (ii) does not include a profit component and (iii) does not relate to any future deliverable, the revenue is recognized during the period in which the related services are performed and collection of such amounts is reasonably assured. Payments received for manufacturing services will be recognized when the process related to the manufactured materials has been completed. Royalties to be received under our ECCs will be recognized as earned.

We recognized $23.5 million, $13.7 million and $5.1 million of collaboration revenues in the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. As of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, we have $72.2 million and $51.4 million, respectively, of deferred revenue related to our receipt of upfront and milestone payments.

Valuation of investments in equity securities

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset and liability. We use a three-tier fair value hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in our fair value measurements. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets, which includes our cash equivalents, short-term investments and certain investments in equity securities of our publicly held collaborators; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly, which includes certain investments in equity securities of our publicly held collaborators; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available.

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We hold equity securities received and/or purchased from certain collaborators. For each collaborator where we own equity securities, we make an accounting policy election to present them either (i) at the fair value at the end of each reporting period or (ii) using the cost or equity method depending on our level of influence. Other than investments accounted for using the equity method, we have elected to account for certain of these equity securities in publicly held collaborators using the fair value option. These equity securities in publicly held collaborators are recorded at fair value at each reporting date and are subject to market price volatility. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from fair value adjustments are reported as other income (expense) in the consolidated statement of operations. The fair value of these equity securities in publicly held collaborators is subject to fluctuation in the future due to the volatility of the stock market, changes in general economic conditions and changes in the financial conditions of these collaborators. As of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, our equity securities received from collaborators are valued at $141.5 million and $83.1 million, respectively.

We record the fair value of securities received on the date the collaboration is consummated or the milestone is achieved upon the closing, quoted price of the collaborator’s security on that date, assuming the transfer of the consideration is considered perfunctory. If the transfer of the consideration is not considered perfunctory, we consider the specific facts and circumstances to determine the appropriate date on which to evaluate fair value. We also evaluate whether any discounts for trading restrictions or other basis for lack of marketability should be applied to the fair value of the securities at inception of the collaboration. In the event we conclude that a discount should be applied, the fair value of the securities is adjusted at inception of the collaboration and re-evaluated at each reporting period thereafter.

We account for investments in which we have the ability to exercise significant influence over, but not control, the operating activities of the investee using the equity method or election of the fair value option. If the fair value option is elected, the investment is accounted for as described for equity securities above. Under the equity method, we include our pro-rata share of the investee’s operating results, adjusted for accretion of basis difference, in our consolidated statement of operations with the corresponding increase or decrease applied to the carrying value of the investment. Through March 15, 2013, we accounted for our investment in AquaBounty using the equity method of accounting. The carrying value of our equity method investment in AquaBounty was $5.7 million at December 31, 2012. On March 15, 2013, we acquired additional ownership interests in AquaBounty which resulted in us gaining control over AquaBounty, thereby requiring consolidation effective on that date. We account for our investments in S & I Ophthalmic and OvaXon using the equity method of accounting. The carrying values of our equity method investments in S & I Ophthalmic and OvaXon are $4.8 million and $1.5 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013.

Valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets

We record a valuation allowance to offset any net deferred tax assets if, based upon the available evidence, it is more likely than not that we will not recognize some or all of the deferred tax assets. We have had a history of net losses since inception, and as a result, we have established a 100 percent valuation allowance for our net deferred tax assets. If circumstances change and we determine that we will able to realize some or all of these net deferred tax assets in the future, we will record an adjustment to the valuation allowance.

Consolidation of variable interest entities

We identify entities as variable interest entities, or VIEs, either: (i) that do not have sufficient equity investment at risk to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, or (ii) in which the equity investors lack an essential characteristic of a controlling financial interest. We perform an initial and on-going evaluation of the entities with which we have variable interests to determine if any of these entities are VIEs. If an entity is identified as a VIE, we perform an assessment to determine whether we have both: (i) the power to direct activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (ii) have the obligation to absorb losses from or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. If we have both these criterion, we are identified as the primary beneficiary of the VIE. As of December 31, 2013, one of our collaborators, Genopaver, LLC, was identified as a VIE. We are not the primary beneficiary of this entity as we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE. As of December 31, 2012, we identified AquaBounty, our investment in an affiliate, as a VIE. We were not the primary beneficiary for this entity as we did not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE. On March 15, 2013, we began consolidating AquaBounty since our ownership in AquaBounty exceeded 50%.

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Valuation of long-lived assets

We evaluate long-lived assets, which include property and equipment and intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. Conditions that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, a significant change in the extent or manner an asset is used, or a significant adverse change that would indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets is not recoverable.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets, which include in-process research and development, are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or circumstances between annual tests indicate that the assets may be impaired. Impairment losses on indefinite-lived intangible assets are recognized based solely on a comparison of their fair value to carrying value, without consideration of any recoverability test. We monitor the progression of our in-process research and development, as the likelihood of success is contingent upon regulatory approval.

Stock-based compensation

We record the fair value of stock options issued to employees and non-employees as of the grant date as stock-based compensation expense. Stock-based compensation expense for employees and non-employees is recognized over the requisite service period, which is typically the vesting period. Stock-based compensation expense recorded as research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses amounted to $0.5 million and $2.3 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2013, $0.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2012, and $0.8 million and $0.2 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2011. We utilize the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the grant-date fair value of all stock options. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the use of weighted average assumptions for estimated expected volatility, estimated expected term of stock options, risk-free rate, estimated expected dividend yield, and the fair value of the underlying common stock at the date of grant. Because we do not have sufficient history to estimate the expected volatility of our common stock price, expected volatility is based on the average volatility of peer public entities that are similar in size and industry. We estimate the expected term of all stock options based on previous history of exercises. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for the expected term of the stock option. The expected dividend yield is 0 percent as we have not declared any common stock dividends to date and do not expect to declare common stock dividends in the near future. Prior to our IPO, the fair value of the underlying common stock at the date of grant was determined based on a valuation of our common stock. Subsequent to our IPO, the fair value of the underlying common stock is determined based on the quoted market price of our common stock on the NYSE. We estimate forfeitures based on our historical analysis of actual stock option forfeitures. Actual forfeitures are recorded when incurred and estimated forfeitures are reviewed and adjusted at least annually. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are set forth below:

We had 2,840,648 options outstanding as of December 31, 2013 of which 1,227,563 were exercisable. We had 2,313,526 options outstanding as of December 31, 2012 of which 808,633 were exercisable. Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested awards at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 was $9.6 million and $4.9 million, respectively, and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately three years. The weighted average grant date fair value for options granted in 2013 and 2012 was $12.91 and $4.60, respectively.

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Recent accounting pronouncements

See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of recent accounting pronouncements applicable to our business.

The following sections provide quantitative information on our exposure to interest rate risk, stock price risk, and foreign currency exchange risk. We make use of sensitivity analyses which are inherently limited in estimating actual losses in fair value that can occur from changes in market conditions.

Interest rate risk

We had cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments of $238.1 million and $10.7 million at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. Our cash and cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments consist of cash, money market funds, U.S. government debt securities, commercial paper and certificates of deposit. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal, maintain liquidity and maximize income without significantly increasing risk. Our investments consist of U.S. government debt securities, commercial paper and certificates of deposit which may be subject to market risk due to changes in prevailing interest rates that may cause the fair values of our investments to fluctuate. We believe that a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would not materially affect the fair value of our interest-sensitive financial instruments and any such losses would only be realized if we sold the investments prior to maturity.

Investments in publicly traded companies

We have common stock investments in several publicly traded companies that are subject to market price volatility. We have adopted the fair value method of accounting for these investments, except for our investment in AquaBounty as further described below, and therefore, have recorded them at fair value at the end of each reporting period with the unrealized gain or loss recorded as a separate component of other income (expense), net for the period. As of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 the original aggregate cost basis of these investments was $140.0 million and $92.1 million, respectively, and the market value was $141.5 million and $83.1 million, respectively. The fair value of these investments is subject to fluctuation in the future due to the volatility of the stock market, changes in general economic conditions and changes in the financial conditions of these companies. The fair value of these investments as of December 31, 2013 would be approximately $155.7 million and $113.2 million, respectively, based on a hypothetical 10 percent increase or 20 percent decrease in the value of the investments. The fair value of these investments as of December 31, 2012 would be approximately $91.0 million and $66.0 million, respectively, based on a hypothetical 10 percent increase or 20 percent decrease in the value of the investments.

In November 2012, we acquired 47.56 percent of the outstanding common stock of AquaBounty and we accounted for this investment under the equity method of accounting for the period from acquisition date through March 15, 2013. On March 15, 2013, we acquired 18,714,814 additional shares of AquaBounty common stock for $4.9 million, thereby increasing our aggregate ownership to 53.82 percent upon closing. Accordingly, effective upon closing of the acquisition of the additional shares, we consolidated the assets and operating results of AquaBounty in our consolidated financial statements. The common stock of AquaBounty is traded on the London Stock Exchange and the fair value of our investment in AquaBounty at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 was $55.0 million and $14.3 million, respectively. The fair value of our investment in AquaBounty as of December 31, 2013 would be approximately $60.5 million and $44.0 million, respectively, based on a hypothetical 10 percent increase or 20 percent decrease in the share price of AquaBounty. The fair value of our investment in AquaBounty as of December 31, 2012 would be approximately $15.7 million and $11.4 million, respectively, based on a hypothetical 10 percent increase or 20 percent decrease in the share price of AquaBounty. On March 20, 2014, we acquired 19,040,366 additional shares of AquaBounty common stock for $10.0 million, thereby increasing our aggregate ownership to 59.85 percent upon closing.

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Foreign currency exchange risk

Because the common stock of AquaBounty is traded on the London Stock Exchange, the fair value of our holdings is subject to fluctuations in foreign currency rates. In addition, some of AquaBounty’s current expenses are denominated in Canadian dollars. We do not hedge our foreign currency exchange rate risk. The effect of a hypothetical 10 percent change in foreign currency exchange rates applicable to our business would not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

The information required by this Item 8 is contained on pages F-1 through F-43 of this annual report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

None.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2013. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2013, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

This Annual Report on Form 10-K does not include a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm as permitted in this transition period under the rules of the SEC for newly public companies.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2013, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

None.

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PART III

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. The information regarding executive officers is included in this report following Item 4 under the caption “Executive Officers of the Registrant” and incorporated herein by reference.

Our board of directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applicable to all officers, directors and employees, which is available on our website (investors.dna.com) under “Corporate Governance.” We will provide a copy of this document, without charge, upon request, by writing to us at Intrexon Corporation, 20374 Seneca Meadows Parkway, Germantown, Maryland 20876, Attention: Investor Relations. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics by posting such information on our website at the address and location specified above.

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.

PART IV

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The response to this portion of Item 15 is submitted as a separate section to this Annual Report. See Exhibit Index.

None.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Dated: March 31, 2014

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Table of Contents

Index to the Financial Statements

F-1

Table of Contents

Intrexon Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Financial Statements

December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011

F-2

Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Intrexon Corporation:

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, consolidated statements of shareholders’ and total equity (deficit) and consolidated statements of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Intrexon Corporation and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Charlotte, North Carolina

March 31, 2014

F-3

Table of Contents

Intrexon Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

December 31, 2013 and 2012

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-4

Table of Contents

Intrexon Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

December 31, 2013 and 2012