PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES INC - Quarter Report: 2023 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

or

☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from _____________ to _____________

Commission File Number 001-38185

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(508) 230-1828

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

☐ Yes ☒ No

The number of shares outstanding of the Issuer’s common stock as of May 10, 2023 was 16,772,761.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

(UNAUDITED)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2023

(UNAUDITED)

1) Business Overview, Liquidity and Management Plans

Pressure BioSciences, Inc. (OTCQB: PBIO) (the “Company”) is a leader in the development & sale of innovative, enabling, high pressure technology-based instruments, consumables, and services for the life sciences and other industries worldwide. Our products/services are based on three patented, high-pressure platforms: (i) Pressure Cycling Technology (“PCT”), (ii) BaroFold Technology (“BaroFold”), and (iii) Ultra Shear Technology (“UST”).

The Company was founded on the belief that its PCT Platform had the potential to significantly increase the quality of sample preparation in both research and clinical settings. Although this premise has been proven true, and although PBI has been successful in installing its PCT Platform in the laboratories of key opinion leaders worldwide, the Company now believes – based on market feedback – that the commercial potential for its UST Platform far exceeds the potential of the PCT Platform. Consequently, in January 2022, PBI made the critical decision to immediately shift its primary business focus from PCT to its innovative UST Platform.

The UST Platform (7 issued patents) is based on the use of intense shear forces from ultra-high pressure discharge (greater than 20,000 psi) through a dynamically-controlled nano-gap valve under precisely controlled temperatures. UST has been shown to turn hydrophobic (water-repelling) oil-based supplements (e.g., CBD, curcumin), therapeutics (e.g., prednisone), and other active ingredients (e.g., retinol, astaxanthin) into long-term stable, effectively water-soluble, highly bioavailable, oil-in-water nanoemulsion formulations. The Company began commercialization of the UST Platform in May 2022, and executed agreements have subsequently been announced with three CBD companies and one cosmeceutical/skincare company for commercialization in Q4 2022.

The BaroFold Platform (8 issued patents) can be used to significantly improve the quality and production costs of protein biotherapeutics. It employs high pressure manipulations for the disaggregation, unfolding and controlled refolding of proteins to their desired native structures at yields and efficiencies not achievable using existing technologies. The BaroFold Platform has been shown to remove protein aggregates in biotherapeutic drug manufacturing, thereby improving product efficacy, safety, and cost for both new-drug entities and biosimilar (follow-on biologic) products. It is scalable and practical for standard manufacturing processes.

The PCT Platform (15 issued patents) uses alternating cycles of hydrostatic pressure between ambient and ultra-high pressures to control bio-molecular interactions safely and reproducibly in sample preparation (e.g., the critical steps performed by tens of thousands of scientists worldwide prior to analytical measurements, such as cell lysis and biomolecule extraction from tissue samples). Our primary focus is on making our recently released, GMP-compliant, next generation PCT-based Barocycler EXTREME system available globally to biopharmaceutical drug manufacturers for use in the design, development, characterization, and quality control of biotherapeutic drugs. We currently have over 350 PCT Systems placed in approximately 225 academic, government, pharmaceutical, and biotech research laboratories worldwide. There are currently over 200 independent publications highlighting the advantages of using the PCT Platform in scientific research & clinical laboratories.

2) Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. However, we have experienced losses from operations and negative cash flows from operations with respect to our pressure cycling technology business since our inception. As of March 31, 2023, we do not have adequate working capital resources to satisfy our current liabilities and as a result, there is substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. We have been successful in raising debt and equity capital in the past and as described in Notes 5 and 6. In addition we raised debt and equity capital after March 31, 2023 as described in Note 7. We have financing efforts in place to continue to raise cash through debt and equity offerings. Although we have successfully completed financings and reduced expenses in the past, we cannot assure you that our plans to address these matters in the future will be successful. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from this uncertainty.

3) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited interim financial statements of Pressure BioSciences, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) included herein have been prepared by the Company in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Under these rules and regulations, some information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been shortened or omitted. Management believes that all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position and the results of operations for the periods shown have been made. All adjustments are normal and recurring. These financial statements should be read together with the Company’s audited financial statements included in its Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the final results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023.

Use of Estimates

The Company’s consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which require the use of estimates, judgements and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Global concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic have adversely affected, and we expect will continue to adversely affect, our business, financial condition and results of operations including the estimates and assumptions made by management. Significant estimates and assumptions include valuations of share-based awards, investments in equity securities and intangible asset impairment. Actual results could differ from the estimates, and such differences may be material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, as part of its overall simplification initiative to reduce costs and complexity of applying accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. Among other changes, the new guidance removes the beneficial conversion separation model for convertible debt. As a result, after adopting the guidance, entities will no longer account for beneficial conversion features in equity. The guidance is effective for public business entities, other than small reporting company’s financial statements starting January 1, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company is a small reporting company and early adopted the new guidance on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective approach and recorded a cumulative effect of adoption equal to a $2,728,243 decrease in additional paid in capital and a $2,255,216 decrease in accumulated deficit. There is no material impact to the Company’s statements of operations or cash flows as the result of the adoption of ASU 2020-06.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. We adopted this new accounting guidance effective January 1, 2023. The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures and did not significantly impact the Company’s accounting policies or estimation methods related to the allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company does not have any reserve for doubtful accounts due to its customers being distributors, universities, research organizations and government agencies. In the past several years, all its customers have paid in full without any need for a write-down.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Pressure BioSciences, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiaries PBI BioSeq, Inc. and PBI Agrochem, Inc. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue in accordance with FASB ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and ASC 340-40, Other Assets and Deferred Costs—Contracts with Customers. Revenue is measured based on a consideration specified in a contract with a customer, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. We enter into sales contracts that may consist of multiple distinct performance obligations where certain performance obligations of the sales contract are not delivered in one reporting period. We measure and allocate revenue according to ASC 606-10.

We identify a performance obligation as distinct if both the following criteria are true: the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and the entity’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Determining the standalone selling price (“SSP”) and allocation of consideration from a contract to the individual performance obligations, and the appropriate timing of revenue recognition, is the result of significant qualitative and quantitative judgments. Management considers a variety of factors such as historical sales, usage rates, costs, and expected margin, which may vary over time depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each performance obligation in making these estimates. While changes in the allocation of the SSP between performance obligations will not affect the amount of total revenue recognized for a particular contract, any material changes could impact the timing of revenue recognition, which would have a material effect on our financial position and result of operations. This is because the contract consideration is allocated to each performance obligation, delivered or undelivered, at the inception of the contract based on the SSP of each distinct performance obligation.

Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by the Company from a customer, are excluded from revenue.

Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are in included in cost of revenues as consistent with treatment in prior periods.

Our current Barocycler® instruments require a basic level of instrumentation expertise to set-up for initial operation. To support a favorable first experience for our customers, upon customer request, and for an additional fee, we will send a highly trained technical representative to the customer site to install Barocyclers® that we sell, lease, or rent through our domestic sales force. The installation process includes uncrating and setting up the instrument, followed by introductory user training. Our sales arrangements do not provide our customers with a right of return. Any shipping costs billed to customers are recognized as revenue.

The majority of our instrument and consumable contracts contain pricing that is based on the market price for the product at the time of delivery. Our obligations to deliver product volumes are typically satisfied and revenue is recognized when control of the product transfers to our customers. Concurrent with the transfer of control, we typically receive the right to payment for the shipped product and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the product. Payment terms require customers to pay shortly after delivery and do not contain significant financing components.

Revenue from scientific services customers is recognized upon completion of each stage of service as defined in service agreements.

We apply ASC 845, “Accounting for Non-Monetary Transactions”, to account for products and services sold through non-cash transactions based on the fair values of the products and services involved, where such values can be determined. Non-cash exchanges would require revenue to be recognized at recorded cost or carrying value of the assets or services sold if any of the following conditions apply:

We recognize revenue for non-cash transactions at recorded cost or carrying value of the assets or services sold.

We account for lease agreements of our instruments in accordance with ASC 842, Leases. We record revenue over the life of the lease term, and we record depreciation expense on a straight-line basis over the thirty-six-month estimated useful life of the Barocycler® instrument. The depreciation expense associated with assets under lease agreement is included in the “Cost of PCT products and services” line item in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Many of our lease and rental agreements allow the lessee to purchase the instrument at any point during the term of the agreement with partial or full credit for payments previously made. We pay all maintenance costs associated with the instrument during the term of the leases.

Deferred revenue represents amounts received from service contracts for which the related revenues have not been recognized because one or more of the revenue recognition criteria have not been met. Revenue from service contracts is recorded ratably over the length of the contract.

Disaggregation of revenue

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by primary geographical market, major product line, and timing of revenue recognition.

 Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

Contract balances

 Schedule of Contract Balances

Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations

The following table includes estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period.

 Schedule of Future Related to Performance Obligations

All consideration from contracts with customers is included in the amounts presented above.

Contract Costs

The Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses. The costs to obtain a contract are recorded immediately in the period when the revenue is recognized either upon shipment or installation. The costs to obtain a service contract are considered immaterial when spread over the life of the contract so the Company records the costs immediately upon billing.

Concentrations

Credit Risk

Our financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and trade receivables. We have cash investment policies which, among other things, limit investments to investment-grade securities. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers, and the risk with respect to trade receivables is further mitigated by the fact that many of our customers are government institutions, large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, and academic laboratories.

The following table illustrates the level of concentration as a percentage of total revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

 Schedule of Customer Concentration Risk Percentage

The following table illustrates the level of concentration as a percentage of net accounts receivable balance as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Top Five Customers category may include federal agency receivable balances if applicable.

Product Supply

In recent years we utilized a contract assembler for our Barocycler® 2320EXT. They provided us with precision manufacturing services that included management support services to meet our specific application and operational requirements. Among the services provided to us were:

Beginning in July 2021, we brought the assembly of our Barocycler 2320EXT instruments in-house. This became necessary when our independent contract assembler (CBM Industries) informed us that they were about to need 100% of their assembly space for one of their customers, who was in fact one of the largest life science instrument manufacturers in the U.S. We worked with our notified body to gain approval to use both the CE and CSA marks on the instrument, which we received during Q3 2021. Until further notice, we expect to continue to assemble our Barocycler 2320EXT instrument at our South Easton, MA location.

We currently manufacture and assemble the Barocycler®, HUB440, HUB880, the SHREDDER SG3, and most of our consumables at our South Easton, MA facility. We will regularly reassess the tradeoffs between in-house assembly versus the benefits of outsourced relationships for of the entire Barocycler® product line, and future instruments.

Investment in Equity Securities

As of March 31, 2023, we held 100,250 shares of common stock of Nexity Global SA, (a Polish publicly traded company).

We account for this investment in accordance with ASC 320 “Investments — Debt and Equity Securities”. ASC 320 requires equity investments with readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

As of March 31, 2023, our consolidated balance sheet reflected the fair value, determined on a recurring basis based on Level 1 inputs of our investment in Nexity, to be $71,699. We recorded $8,061 as an unrealized gain during the three months ended March 31, 2023 for changes in market value.

Computation of Loss per Share

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted loss per share is computed by dividing loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus additional common shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential common shares had been issued. For purposes of this calculation, convertible preferred stock, common stock dividends, and warrants and options to acquire common stock, are all considered common stock equivalents in periods in which they have a dilutive effect and are excluded from this calculation in periods in which these are anti-dilutive to our net loss.

The following table illustrates our computation of loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

 Schedule of Computation of Loss Per Share 

The following table presents securities that could potentially dilute basic loss per share in the future. For all periods presented, the potentially dilutive securities were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because these securities would have been anti-dilutive to our net loss. The Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, Series G Convertible Preferred Stock, Series H and H2 Convertible Preferred Stock, Series J Convertible Preferred Stock, Series K Convertible Preferred Stock, and Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock are presented below as if they were converted into common shares according to the conversion terms.

 Schedule of Anti-Dilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We maintain equity compensation plans under which incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options are granted to employees, independent members of our Board of Directors and outside consultants. We recognize stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period using the Black-Scholes formula to estimate the fair value of the stock options on the date of grant.

Determining Fair Value of Stock Option Grants

The following table summarizes the assumptions we utilized for grants of stock options to the three sub-groups of our stock option recipients during the three months ended March 31, 2023:

Summary of Assumptions for Grants of Stock Options

Valuation and Amortization Method - The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes pricing model based on certain assumptions. The estimated fair value of employee stock options is amortized to expense using the straight-line method over the vesting period.

Expected Term - The Company uses the simplified calculation of expected life, as the Company does not currently have sufficient historical exercise data on which to base an estimate of expected term. Using this method, the expected term is determined using the average of the vesting period and the contractual life of the stock options granted.

Expected Volatility - Expected volatility is based on the Company’s historical stock volatility data over the expected term of the award.

Risk-Free Interest Rate - The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes valuation method on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term.

Forfeitures - The Company records stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. The Company estimated a forfeiture rate of 5% for awards granted based on historical experience and future expectations of options vesting. The Company used this historical rate as our assumption in calculating future stock-based compensation expense.

All of the outstanding non-qualified options had an exercise price that was at or above the Company’s common stock share price at time of issuance.

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $1,430,244 and $64,483 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following table summarizes the effect of this stock-based compensation expense within each of the line items of our costs and expenses within our Consolidated Statements of Operations:

 Schedule of Stock Based Compensation Expense

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Due to their short maturities, the carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and debt approximate their fair value. The carrying amount of long-term debt approximates fair value due to interest rates that approximate prevailing market rates.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company follows the guidance of FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”) as it related to all financial assets and financial liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis.

The Company generally defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Company uses a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which classifies the inputs used in measuring fair values. These tiers include Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring the Company to develop its own assumptions. A slight change in an unobservable input like volatility could have a significant impact on fair value measurement.

Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company has determined that its financial assets are classified within Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The development of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

The following tables set forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023:

 Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis

The following tables set forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022:

4) Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Leases

The Company accounts for its leases under ASC 842. The Company has elected to apply the short-term lease exception to leases of one year or less. Our corporate office is currently located at 14 Norfolk Avenue, South Easton, Massachusetts 02375. We are currently paying $7,650 per month, on a lease extension, signed on December 5, 2022, that expires December 31, 2023, for our corporate office. We expanded our space to include offices, warehouse and a loading dock on the first floor starting May 1, 2017 with a monthly rent increase already reflected in the current payments.

We extended our lease for our space in Medford, MA (the “Medford Lease”) from December 30, 2020 to December 30, 2023. The lease required monthly payments of $7,282 subject to annual cost of living increases. The lease shall be automatically extended for additional three years unless either party terminates at least six months prior to the expiration of the current lease term.

The Company accounted for the lease extension of our Medford Lease as a lease modification under ASC 842. At the effective date of modification, the Company recorded an adjustment to the right-of-use asset and lease liability in the amount of $221,432 based on the net present value of lease payments discounted using an estimated borrowing rate of 12%.

On August 9, 2021, we entered into an operating lease agreement for our warehouse space in Sparks, NV (the “Sparks Lease”) for the period from September 1, 2021 through September 30, 2026. The lease contains escalating payments during the lease period. The lease can be extended for an additional three years if the Company provides notice at least six months prior to the expiration of the current lease term.

The Company accounted for the Sparks Lease as an operating lease under ASC 842. Upon the commencement of the lease, the Company recorded a right-of-use asset and lease liability in the amount of $239,327 based on the net present value of lease payments discounted using an estimated borrowing rate of 12%.

Following is a schedule by years of future minimum rental payments required under operating leases with initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms in excess of one year as of March 31, 2023:

 Schedule of Future Minimum Rental Payments Required Under Operating Leases

The operating cash flows from the operating leases were $90,279 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and $26,559 for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The weighted-average remaining lease term (years) of the above leases is 2.84 year as of March 31, 2023.

Below is a table for the right of use asset and the corresponding lease liability in the consolidated balance sheets:

 Schedule of Right of Use Asset and the Corresponding Lease Liability

The weighted-average discount rate is 12%.

The Company had no financing lease during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

The components of lease cost for operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:

 Schedule of Lease Cost for Operating Leases

Battelle Memorial Institute

In December 2008, we entered into an exclusive patent license agreement with the Battelle Memorial Institute (“Battelle”). The licensed technology is the subject of a patent application filed by Battelle in 2008 and relates to a method and a system for improving the analysis of protein samples, including through an automated system utilizing pressure and a pre-selected agent to obtain a digested sample in a significantly shorter period of time than current methods, while maintaining the integrity of the sample throughout the preparatory process. In addition to royalty payments on net sales on “licensed products,” we are obligated to make minimum royalty payments for each year that we retain the rights outlined in the patent license agreement and we are required to have our first commercial sale of the licensed products within one year following the issuance of the patent covered by the licensed technology. After re-negotiating the terms of the contract in 2013, the minimum annual royalty was $1,200 in 2014 and $2,000 in 2015; the minimum royalties were $3,000 in 2016, $4,000 in 2017 and $5,000 in 2018 and each calendar year thereafter during the term of the agreement.

Target Discovery Inc.

In March 2010, we signed a strategic product licensing, manufacturing, co-marketing, and collaborative research and development agreement with Target Discovery Inc. (“TDI”), a related party. Under the terms of the agreement, we have been licensed by TDI to manufacture and sell an innovative line of chemicals used in the preparation of tissues for scientific analysis (“TDI reagents”). The TDI reagents were designed for use in combination with our pressure cycling technology. The companies believe that the combination of PCT and the TDI reagents can fill an existing need in life science research for an automated method for rapid extraction and recovery of intact, functional proteins associated with cell membranes in tissue samples. We did not incur any royalty obligation under this agreement in 2023 or 2022.

In April 2012, we signed a non-exclusive license agreement with TDI to grant the non-exclusive use of our pressure cycling technology. We executed an amendment to this agreement on October 1, 2016 wherein we agreed to pay a monthly fee of $1,400 for the use of a lab bench, shared space, and other utilities, and $2,000 per day for technical support services as needed. The agreement requires TDI to pay the Company a minimum royalty fee of $60,000 in 2022 and $60,000 in 2023. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, the Company reported $15,450 and $17,700, respectively in TDI fees.

Severance and Change of Control Agreements

Each of Mr. Schumacher, and Drs. Ting, and Lazarev, executive officers of the Company, are entitled to receive a severance payment if terminated by the Company without cause. The severance benefits would include a payment in an amount equal to one year of such executive officer’s annualized base salary compensation plus accrued paid time off. Additionally, the officer will be entitled to receive medical and dental insurance coverage for one year following the date of termination.

Each of these executive officers, other than Mr. Schumacher, is entitled to receive a change of control payment in an amount equal to one year of such executive officer’s annualized base salary compensation, accrued paid time off, and medical and dental coverage, in the event of their termination upon a change of control of the Company. In the case of Mr. Schumacher, this payment would be equal to two years of annualized base salary compensation, accrued paid time off, and two years of medical and dental coverage. The severance payment is meant to induce the aforementioned executives to remain in the employ of the Company, in general, and particularly in the occurrence of a change in control, as a disincentive to the control change.

5) Debt

Convertible Debt

On various dates during the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company issued convertible notes for net proceeds of approximate total of $2.5 million which contained varied terms and conditions as follows: a) 4-12 month maturity date; b) interest rates of 0-120%; c) convertible to the Company’s common stock at issuance at a fixed rate of $2.50 or at variable conversion rates upon the Company’s up-listing to NASDAQ or NYSE or an event of default. These notes were issued with shares of common stock that were fair valued at issuance date. The aggregate relative fair value of the shares of common stock issued with the notes of $1,087,751 was recorded as a debt discount to be amortized over the term of the notes. We also evaluated the convertible notes for derivative liability treatment and determined that the notes did not qualify for derivative accounting treatment on March 31, 2023.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, deferred financing costs and OID issued with the debt are $535,250 and the Company repaid $1,628,474.

The summary of specific terms of the convertible notes and outstanding balances as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are listed in the tables below. The convertible notes are from numerous parties and with original issue dates from July, 2019 to March, 2023, and maturity dates from July, 2020 to March, 2024. There are approximately $14 million of notes that are past due as of March 31, 2023.

 Schedule of Convertible Debts and Outstanding Balances

Notes:

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recognized amortization expense related to the debt discounts indicated above of $512,781. The unamortized debt discounts as of March 31, 2023 related to the convertible notes amounted to $1,673,288.

As of March 31, 2023, the principal balance that are secured by the assets of the Company’s subsidiary, PBI Agrochem, Inc. is $352,188.

Standstill and Forbearance Agreements

In recent years, the Company entered into Standstill and Forbearance Agreements with lenders who hold variable-rate convertible notes. Pursuant to these agreements the lenders agreed to not convert any portion of their notes into shares of common stock at a variable rate. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company settled one note with total principal of $302,484, leaving one final lender (three notes) with total principal of $272,500 outstanding and incurred interest, penalties and fees of approximately $142,247 in connection with the Standstill and Forbearance Agreements.

Convertible Loan Modifications and Extinguishments

We refinanced certain convertible loans during the three months ended March 31, 2023 at substantially the same terms for extensions ranging over a period of two to six months. We amortized any remaining unamortized debt discount as of the modification date over the remaining, extended term of the new loans. We applied ASC 470 of modification accounting to the debt instruments which were modified during the quarter or those settled with new notes issued concurrently for the same amounts but different maturity dates. The terms such as the interest rate, prepayment penalties, and default rates will be the same over the new extensions. According to ASC 470, an exchange of debt instruments between or a modification of a debt instrument by a debtor and a creditor in a nontroubled debt situation is deemed to have been accomplished with debt instruments that are substantially different if the present value of the cash flows under the terms of the new debt instrument is at least 10 percent different from the present value of the remaining cash flows under the terms of the original instrument. If the terms of a debt instrument are changed or modified and the cash flow effect on a present value basis is less than 10 percent, the debt instruments are not considered to be substantially different and will be accounted for as modifications.

The cash flows of new debt exceeded 10% of the remaining cash flows of the original debt on several loans. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 we recorded gains on extinguishment of liabilities of approximately $0.7 million by calculating the difference of the fair value of the new debt and the carrying value of the old debt. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company extended 5 loans totaling $1,354,438 and increased the principal to$1,363,438. The Company issued 568,200 shares of common stock for these extensions and added principal.

Other Debt

No notes in Other Debt are past due as of March 31, 2023.

 Schedule of Other Debt

Notes:

Related Party Notes

 Schedule of Related Party Debt

Notes:

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we received short-term convertible loans of $93,200 with $5,000 OID from related parties and repaid $99,000 of related party loans. These notes bear interest of 12% to 120% and are due upon demand. All related party notes are convertible at $2.50 share.

We amortized $102,226 of debt discounts during the three months ended March 31, 2023 for all non-convertible and related party notes. The total unamortized discount for all non-convertible and related party convertible notes as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 was $490,387 and $7,915, respectively.

6) Stockholders’ Deficit

Preferred Stock

We are authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.01. Of the 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, the following is outstanding:

 Schedule of Preferred Stock Outstanding

Stock Options and Warrants

At the Company’s December 30, 2021 Special Meeting, the shareholder’s approved the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”) pursuant to which 3,000,000 shares of our common stock were reserved for issuance upon exercise of stock options or other equity awards. Consistent with the Company’s existing 2013 Equity Incentive plan (the “2013 plan”), under the 2021 plan, we may award stock options, shares of common stock, and other equity interests in the Company to employees, officers, directors, consultants, and advisors, and to any other persons the Board of Directors deems appropriate. As of March 31, 2023, options to acquire 3,420,754 shares were outstanding under these Plans.

As of March 31, 2023, total unrecognized compensation cost related to the unvested stock-based awards was $1,243,037, which is expected to be recognized over weighted average period of 2.61 years. The aggregate intrinsic value associated with the options outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2023, based on the March 31, 2023 closing stock price of $1.25, was $863,040.

The following table summarizes information concerning options and warrants outstanding and exercisable:

 Schedule of Concerning Options and Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable

As of March 31, 2023, the 3,420,754 options outstanding have a $1.23 weighted average exercise price and 8.64 years of weighted average remaining life for outstanding options and 8.1 years of weighted average remaining life for exercisable options. Of these options, 2,321,472 are currently exercisable.

As of March 31, 2023, the warrants outstanding have a $3.50 weighted average exercise price.

Common Stock and Warrant Issuances

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company accrued approximately $1,705,234 in interest expense for these obligations to issue common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company accrued $1,173,458 million in interest expense for these obligations to issue common stock.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 the Company issued a total of 4,381,330 shares of restricted common stock to accredited investors and consultants, with the following detail:

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company issued 100,000 warrants (five-year term at a $3.50 exercise price) to acquire common stock at a fair value of $61,609 to a consultant for professional services.

On various dates in the three months ended March 31, 2022 the Company issued a total of 1,073,610 shares of restricted common stock to accredited investors and consultants. 140,200 of the shares with a fair value of $350,500 were issued for the conversion of debt and interest for common stock, 558,100 of the shares with a fair value of $1,173,458 were issued for interest paid-in-kind, 37,000 of the shares with a fair value of $77,700 were issued for services rendered, 31,810 shares with a fair value of $64,256 for dividends paid-in-kind, 92,000 shares with a fair value of $142,480 for new convertible debt issuances and 214,500 shares with a fair value of $472,900 for debt extension.

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we issued 100,000 warrants (three-year term at a $3.50 exercise price) to acquire common stock at a fair value of $87,436 to a lender in conjunction with signing of new convertible loans. We also issued 30,000 warrants (three-year term at a $3.50 exercise price) with a fair value of $39,761 for services rendered and 100,000 warrants (three-year term at a $3.50 exercise price) with a fair value of $132,537 for debt extension.

7) Subsequent Events

From April 1, 2023 through May 10, 2023 the Company entered into five (5) new merchant cash loan agreements collecting approximately $1.0 million (obligating the Company to repay approximately $58,000 per week for 6 months to 18 months) and issued two (2) convertible loans with a principal balance of $309,000. The terms of the notes are 3-12 months with an interest rate of 5% to 5.77% and convertible into the Company’s common stock at a fixed rate of $2.50 per share. In this time the Company also issued 50,000 shares of common stock and 25 shares of Series BB preferred stock with the convertible loans, 300,000 shares of common stock for accrued interest paid-in-kind and repaid a $300,000 convertible note on April 4, 2023.

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In some cases, forward-looking statements are identified by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “predicts,” “potential” and similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements include, without limitation, statements regarding:

These forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, expressed or implied, by such forward-looking statements. Also, these forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Except as otherwise required by law, we expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect any change in our expectations or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any of our forward-looking statements are based. Factors that could cause or contribute to differences in our future financial and other results include those discussed in the risk factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and in this Report. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.