PROS Holdings, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2023 March (Form 10-Q)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington D.C. 20549
___________________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
_________________________________________________________________________
| ☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | ||||
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023
OR
| ☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | ||||
For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number: 001-33554
___________________________________________________________________________
PROS HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
__________________________________________________________________________
| Delaware | 76-0168604 | |||||||
| (State of Incorporation) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||||||
| 3200 Kirby Drive, Suite 600 | 77098 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Houston | TX | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) | |||||||||||||||||||
| (713) | 335-5151 | |||||||||||||||||||
| (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (Former address, if changed since last report) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | |||||||||||||||
| Common stock $0.001 par value per share | PRO | New York Stock Exchange | |||||||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company", and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated Filer | ☐ | ||||||||
| Non-Accelerated Filer | ☐ | Smaller Reporting Company | ☐ | ||||||||
| Emerging Growth Company | ☐ | ||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant's Common Stock, $0.001 par value, was 46,044,260 as of April 25, 2023.
PROS Holdings, Inc.
Form 10-Q
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2023
Table of Contents
| Page | ||||||||
| Item 1. | ||||||||
| Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | |||||||
| Item 3. | ||||||||
| Item 4. | ||||||||
| Item 1. | ||||||||
| Item 1A. | ||||||||
| Item 2. | ||||||||
| Item 3. | ||||||||
| Item 4. | ||||||||
| Item 5. | ||||||||
| Item 6. | ||||||||
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("Exchange Act"). All statements in this report other than historical facts are forward-looking and are based on current estimates, assumptions, trends, and projections. Statements which include the words "believes," "seeks," "expects," "may," "should," "intends," "likely," "targets," "plans," "anticipates," "estimates," or the negative version of those words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Numerous important factors, risks and uncertainties affect our operating results, including, without limitation, those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and could cause our actual results to differ materially, from the results implied by these or any other forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. You should pay particular attention to the important risk factors and cautionary statements described in the section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K entitled "Risk Factors" and the section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q entitled "Risk Factors." You should also carefully review the cautionary statements described in the other documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, specifically the Annual Report on Form 10-K, all Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K.
You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events, as we cannot guarantee that future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements will meet expectations. The forward-looking statements made herein are only made as of the date hereof, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update such forward-looking statements for any reason.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
PROS Holdings, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 192,376 | $ | 203,627 | |||||||
Trade and other receivables, net of allowance of $722 and $609, respectively | 45,787 | 48,178 | |||||||||
| Deferred costs, current | 6,433 | 6,032 | |||||||||
| Prepaid and other current assets | 12,149 | 9,441 | |||||||||
| Total current assets | 256,745 | 267,278 | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 25,442 | 25,012 | |||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 14,797 | 17,474 | |||||||||
| Deferred costs, noncurrent | 7,938 | 8,764 | |||||||||
| Intangibles, net | 16,046 | 17,851 | |||||||||
| Goodwill | 107,717 | 107,561 | |||||||||
| Other assets, noncurrent | 8,872 | 9,012 | |||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 437,557 | $ | 452,952 | |||||||
| Liabilities and Stockholders' (Deficit) Equity: | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable and other liabilities | $ | 4,197 | $ | 7,964 | |||||||
| Accrued liabilities | 13,356 | 12,854 | |||||||||
| Accrued payroll and other employee benefits | 15,624 | 23,797 | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, current | 5,461 | 7,662 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue, current | 122,192 | 108,659 | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 160,830 | 160,936 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue, noncurrent | 6,161 | 8,298 | |||||||||
| Convertible debt, net | 290,152 | 289,779 | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent | 27,135 | 28,184 | |||||||||
| Other liabilities, noncurrent | 1,247 | 1,228 | |||||||||
| Total liabilities | 485,525 | 488,425 | |||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (see Note 9) | |||||||||||
| Stockholders' (deficit) equity: | |||||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued | — | — | |||||||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 75,000,000 shares authorized; 50,711,964 and 50,318,726 shares issued, respectively; 46,031,241 and 45,638,003 shares outstanding, respectively | 51 | 50 | |||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 596,805 | 590,475 | |||||||||
Treasury stock, 4,680,723 common shares, at cost | (29,847) | (29,847) | |||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (609,900) | (590,898) | |||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (5,077) | (5,253) | |||||||||
| Total stockholders' (deficit) equity | (47,968) | (35,473) | |||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders' (deficit) equity | $ | 437,557 | $ | 452,952 | |||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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PROS Holdings, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Revenue: | |||||||||||
| Subscription | $ | 55,969 | $ | 48,765 | |||||||
| Maintenance and support | 5,712 | 7,855 | |||||||||
| Total subscription, maintenance and support | 61,681 | 56,620 | |||||||||
| Services | 11,501 | 9,872 | |||||||||
| Total revenue | 73,182 | 66,492 | |||||||||
| Cost of revenue: | |||||||||||
| Subscription | 14,093 | 13,779 | |||||||||
| Maintenance and support | 2,282 | 2,167 | |||||||||
| Total cost of subscription, maintenance and support | 16,375 | 15,946 | |||||||||
| Services | 13,167 | 11,415 | |||||||||
| Total cost of revenue | 29,542 | 27,361 | |||||||||
| Gross profit | 43,640 | 39,131 | |||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
| Selling and marketing | 26,010 | 25,287 | |||||||||
| Research and development | 22,291 | 24,467 | |||||||||
| General and administrative | 14,135 | 14,329 | |||||||||
| Impairment of fixed assets | — | 1,551 | |||||||||
| Loss from operations | (18,796) | (26,503) | |||||||||
| Convertible debt interest and amortization | (1,576) | (1,576) | |||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | 1,451 | (418) | |||||||||
| Loss before income tax provision | (18,921) | (28,497) | |||||||||
| Income tax provision | 81 | 143 | |||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (19,002) | $ | (28,640) | |||||||
| Net loss per share: | |||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | (0.41) | $ | (0.64) | |||||||
| Weighted average number of shares: | |||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | 45,926 | 45,085 | |||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax: | |||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | $ | 176 | $ | (222) | |||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | 176 | (222) | |||||||||
| Comprehensive loss | $ | (18,826) | $ | (28,862) | |||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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PROS Holdings, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (19,002) | $ | (28,640) | |||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 3,001 | 4,647 | |||||||||
| Amortization of debt issuance costs | 373 | 373 | |||||||||
| Share-based compensation | 9,904 | 11,225 | |||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 108 | (91) | |||||||||
| Loss on disposal of assets | 35 | — | |||||||||
| Impairment of fixed assets | — | 1,551 | |||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts and unbilled receivables | 2,239 | (12,130) | |||||||||
| Deferred costs | 425 | (48) | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | (2,505) | (262) | |||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities | (591) | (739) | |||||||||
| Accounts payable and other liabilities | (3,793) | 3,903 | |||||||||
| Accrued liabilities | 504 | (109) | |||||||||
| Accrued payroll and other employee benefits | (8,174) | (13,246) | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 11,333 | 22,552 | |||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | (6,143) | (11,014) | |||||||||
| Investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | (1,546) | (461) | |||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (1,546) | (461) | |||||||||
| Financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from employee stock plans | 1,137 | 1,443 | |||||||||
| Tax withholding related to net share settlement of stock awards | (4,710) | (212) | |||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (3,573) | 1,231 | |||||||||
| Effect of foreign currency rates on cash | 11 | 84 | |||||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | (11,251) | (10,160) | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents: | |||||||||||
| Beginning of period | 203,627 | 227,553 | |||||||||
| End of period | $ | 192,376 | $ | 217,393 | |||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||||||||||
| Noncash investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment accrued but not paid | $ | 136 | $ | 45 | |||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
PROS Holdings, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Deficit | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | Total Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 | 45,638,003 | $ | 50 | $ | 590,475 | 4,680,723 | $ | (29,847) | $ | (590,898) | $ | (5,253) | $ | (35,473) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock awards net settlement | 338,089 | 1 | (4,711) | — | — | — | — | (4,710) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from employee stock plans | 55,149 | — | 1,137 | — | — | — | — | 1,137 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noncash share-based compensation | — | — | 9,904 | — | — | — | — | 9,904 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | 176 | 176 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | (19,002) | — | (19,002) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2023 | 46,031,241 | $ | 51 | $ | 596,805 | 4,680,723 | $ | (29,847) | $ | (609,900) | $ | (5,077) | $ | (47,968) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Treasury Stock | Accumulated Deficit | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | Total Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2021 | 44,520,542 | $ | 49 | $ | 546,693 | 4,680,723 | $ | (29,847) | $ | (508,652) | $ | (4,659) | $ | 3,584 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock awards net settlement | 609,397 | 1 | (213) | — | — | — | — | (212) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from employee stock plans | 49,245 | — | 1,443 | — | — | — | — | 1,443 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noncash share-based compensation | — | — | 11,225 | — | — | — | — | 11,225 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | (222) | (222) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | (28,640) | — | (28,640) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2022 | 45,179,184 | $ | 50 | $ | 559,148 | 4,680,723 | $ | (29,847) | $ | (537,292) | $ | (4,881) | $ | (12,822) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
PROS Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Organization and Nature of Operations
PROS Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, through its operating subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company"), provides solutions that optimize shopping and selling experiences. PROS solutions leverage artificial intelligence ("AI"), self-learning and automation to ensure that every transactional experience is fast, frictionless and personalized for every shopper, supporting both business-to-business ("B2B") and business-to-consumer ("B2C") companies across industry verticals. Companies can use these selling, pricing, revenue optimization, distribution and retail, and digital offer marketing solutions to assess their market environments in real time to deliver customized prices and offers. The Company's solutions enable their customers to provide the buyers of their products the ability to move fluidly from one sales channel to another, whether direct, partner, online, mobile or other emerging channels, each with a personalized experience regardless of which channel is used. The Company's decades of data science and AI expertise are infused into its solutions and are designed to reduce time and complexity through actionable intelligence.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial reporting and applicable quarterly reporting regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). In management's opinion, the accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2023, the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and stockholders' (deficit) equity for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Certain information and disclosures normally included in the notes to the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted from these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 ("Annual Report") filed with the SEC. The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 was derived from the Company's audited consolidated financial statements but does not include all disclosures required under GAAP.
Changes in accounting policies
There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies and their application as compared to the significant accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Fair value measurement
The Company's financial assets that are included in cash and cash equivalents and that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of $176.5 million and $168.1 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and were invested in treasury money market funds. The fair value of the treasury money market funds is determined based on quoted market prices, which represents level 1 in the fair value hierarchy as defined by ASC 820.
Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables are primarily comprised of trade receivables, net of allowance for credit losses, contract assets and unbilled receivables. The Company records trade accounts receivable for its unconditional rights to consideration arising from the Company's performance under contracts with customers. The Company's standard billing terms are that payment is due upon receipt of invoice, payable generally within thirty to sixty days. The carrying value of such receivables, net of the allowance for credit losses, represents their estimated net realizable value. When developing its estimate of expected credit losses on trade and other receivables, the Company considers the available information relevant to assessing the
8
collectability of cash flows, which includes a combination of both internal and external information relating to past events, current conditions, and future forecasts as well as relevant qualitative and quantitative factors that relate to the environment in which the Company operates.
Contract assets represent conditional rights to consideration that have been recognized as revenue in advance of billing the customer. Unbilled receivables represent unconditional rights to consideration arising from revenue that have been recognized in advance of billing the customer.
Deferred costs
Sales commissions earned by the Company's sales representatives are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a customer contract. Sales commissions are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of benefit, which the Company has determined to be five to eight years. The Company determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration its customer contracts, expected renewals of those customer contracts (as the Company currently does not pay an incremental sales commission for renewals), the Company's technology and other factors. The Company also defers amounts earned by employees other than sales representatives who earn incentive payments under compensation plans also tied to the value of customer contracts acquired. Deferred costs were $14.4 million and $14.8 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Amortization expense for the deferred costs was $1.5 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Amortization of deferred costs is included in selling and marketing expense in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.
Deferred implementation costs
The Company capitalizes certain contract fulfillment costs, including personnel and other costs (such as hosting, employee salaries, benefits and payroll taxes), that are associated with arrangements where professional services are not distinct from other undelivered performance obligations in its customer contracts. The Company analyzes implementation costs and capitalizes those costs that are directly related to customer contracts expected to be recoverable to satisfy the undelivered performance obligations in those contracts. Deferred implementation costs are amortized ratably over the remaining contract term once the revenue recognition criteria for the respective performance obligation has been met and revenue recognition commences. Deferred implementation costs were $1.5 million and $1.6 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Amortization expense for the deferred implementation costs was $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Deferred implementation costs are included in prepaid and other current assets and other assets, noncurrent in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of deferred implementation costs is included in cost of subscription and cost of services revenues in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever an event or change in circumstances indicates that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable. The impairment review includes comparison of future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or group of assets with the associated assets’ carrying value. If the carrying value of the asset or group of assets exceeds its expected future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges), an impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded zero and $1.6 million, respectively, of impairment charge related to fixed assets. The 2022 impairment resulted from the Company's changed intentions for these assets in connection with a new agreement with a software vendor.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
There have been no recent accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting pronouncements during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the recent accounting pronouncements described in the Company's Annual Report, that are of significance or potential significance to the Company.
9
3. Deferred Revenue and Performance Obligations
Deferred Revenue
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized approximately $49.4 million and $44.3 million, respectively, of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balances at the beginning of the respective periods and primarily related to subscription, maintenance and support, and services.
Performance Obligations
As of March 31, 2023, the Company expects to recognize approximately $430.6 million of revenue from remaining performance obligations. The Company expects, based on the terms of the related, underlying contractual arrangements, to recognize revenue on approximately $210.0 million of these performance obligations over the next 12 months, with the balance recognized thereafter. Remaining performance obligations represent contractually committed revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes deferred revenue and unbilled amounts that will be recognized as revenue in future periods.
4. Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue by Geography
The geographic information in the table below is presented for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company categorizes geographic revenues based on the location of the customer's headquarters. Because the Company's contracts are predominately denominated in U.S. dollars, it has limited exposure to foreign currency exchange risk as discussed under "Foreign Currency Exchange Risk" of Part I, Item 3 below.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | Revenue | Percent | Revenue | Percent | |||||||||||||||||||
| United States of America | $ | 26,232 | 36 | % | $ | 23,194 | 35 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Europe | 22,949 | 31 | % | 20,823 | 31 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| The rest of the world | 24,001 | 33 | % | 22,475 | 34 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 73,182 | 100 | % | $ | 66,492 | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||
5. Leases
The Company has operating leases for data centers, computer infrastructure, corporate offices and certain equipment. These leases have remaining lease terms ranging from 1 year to 10 years. Some of these leases include options to extend for up to 15 years, and some include options to terminate within 1 year.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any finance leases.
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Cash paid for operating lease liabilities | $ | 2,251 | $ | 1,842 | |||||||
| Right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for operating lease liability | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||
10
In January 2023 and 2022, an existing operating lease was modified due to a change in future payments. The result of the 2023 modification was a decrease in the related right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability of $1 million and the result of the 2022 modification was a decrease in the related right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability of $2.7 million.
As of March 31, 2023, maturities of lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
| Year Ending December 31, | Amount | |||||||
| Remaining 2023 | $ | 6,649 | ||||||
| 2024 | 4,869 | |||||||
| 2025 | 4,057 | |||||||
| 2026 | 4,039 | |||||||
| 2027 | 3,965 | |||||||
| 2028 | 4,029 | |||||||
| Thereafter | 19,223 | |||||||
| Total operating lease payments | 46,831 | |||||||
| Less: Imputed interest | (14,235) | |||||||
| Total operating lease liabilities | $ | 32,596 | ||||||
6. Earnings per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share data) | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||
| Numerator: | |||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (19,002) | $ | (28,640) | |||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||
| Weighted average shares (basic) | 45,926 | 45,085 | |||||||||
| Dilutive effect of potential common shares | — | — | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares (diluted) | 45,926 | 45,085 | |||||||||
| Basic loss per share | $ | (0.41) | $ | (0.64) | |||||||
| Diluted loss per share | $ | (0.41) | $ | (0.64) | |||||||
Dilutive potential common shares consist of shares issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units ("RSUs"), market stock units ("MSUs") and equity consideration related to the EveryMundo LLC acquisition. Potential common shares determined to be antidilutive and excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding were approximately 2.4 million and 2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In addition, potential common shares related to the convertible notes determined to be antidilutive and excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding were 5.8 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
7. Noncash Share-based Compensation
The Company's 2017 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended and restated, the "2017 Stock Plan") has an aggregate authorized limit of 7,650,000 shares for issuance. As of March 31, 2023, 1,344,949 shares remain available for issuance under the 2017 Stock Plan.
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The following table presents the number of shares or units outstanding for each award type as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, (in thousands):
| Award type | March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Restricted stock units (time-based) | 3,209 | 2,235 | ||||||||||||
| Market stock units | 358 | 216 | ||||||||||||
| EveryMundo equity consideration | 137 | 137 | ||||||||||||
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company granted 1,547,607 RSUs (time-based) with a weighted average grant-date fair value of $25.59 per share. The Company also granted 142,386 MSUs with a weighted average grant-date fair value of $30.42 to certain executive employees during the three months ended March 31, 2023. These MSUs vest on January 31, 2026 and the actual number of MSUs that will be eligible to vest is based on the total stockholder return of the Company relative to the total stockholder return of the Index over the performance period, as defined by each award's plan documents or individual award agreements. The maximum number of shares issuable upon vesting is 200% of the MSUs initially granted.
The assumptions used to value the MSUs granted during the three months ended March 31, 2023 were as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 | |||||
| Volatility | 63.26 | % | |||
| Risk-free interest rate | 3.76 | % | |||
| Expected award life in years | 2.97 | ||||
| Dividend yield | — | % | |||
Share-based compensation expense is allocated to expense categories on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense included in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Share-based compensation: | |||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | $ | 832 | $ | 825 | |||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
| Selling and marketing | 2,928 | 3,240 | |||||||||
| Research and development | 2,350 | 3,713 | |||||||||
| General and administrative | 3,794 | 3,447 | |||||||||
| Total included in operating expenses | 9,072 | 10,400 | |||||||||
| Total share-based compensation expense | $ | 9,904 | $ | 11,225 | |||||||
At March 31, 2023, the Company had an estimated $100.7 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to share-based compensation arrangements. These costs will be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.0 years.
The Company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan (as amended, the "ESPP") permits eligible employees to purchase Company shares on an after-tax basis in an amount between 1% and 10% of their annual pay: (i) on June 30 of each year at a 15% discount of the fair market value of the Company's common stock on January 1 or June 30, whichever is lower, and (ii) on December 31 of each year at a 15% discount of the fair market value of the Company's common stock on July 1 or December 31, whichever is lower. An employee may not purchase more than $5,000 in either of the six-month measurement periods described above or more than $10,000 annually. In May 2021, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the ESPP Plan increasing the aggregate amount of shares available for issuance under the ESPP to 1,000,000. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company issued 55,149 shares under the ESPP. As of March 31, 2023, 331,976 shares remain authorized and available for issuance under the ESPP. As of March 31, 2023, the Company held approximately $0.7 million on behalf of employees for future purchases under the ESPP, and this amount was recorded in accrued payroll and other employee benefits in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.
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8. Convertible Senior Notes
The following is a summary of the Company's convertible senior notes as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands):
| Date of Issuance | Unpaid Principal Balance | Net Carrying Amount | Contractual Interest Rates | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current | Noncurrent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1% Convertible Notes due in 2024 ("2024 Notes") | May 2019 | $ | 143,750 | $ | — | $ | 142,779 | 1% | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2.25% Convertible Notes due in 2027 ("2027 Notes") | September 2020 | $ | 150,000 | $ | — | $ | 147,373 | 2.25% | |||||||||||||||||||||
The 2027 and 2024 Notes (collectively, the "Notes") are general unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to all of the Company's indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Notes, rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company's existing and future liabilities that are not so subordinated, are effectively junior to any of the Company's secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness and are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of the Company's subsidiaries (including trade payables but excluding intercompany obligations owed to the Company or its subsidiaries).
Interest related to the 2027 Notes is payable semiannually in arrears in cash on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on March 15, 2021. Interest related to the 2024 Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning on November 15, 2019.
The 2027 Notes mature on September 15, 2027 and the 2024 Notes mature on May 15, 2024, unless redeemed or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date. At March 31, 2023, the Company had $192.4 million of cash and cash equivalents. The Company believes its existing cash and cash equivalents will provide adequate liquidity and capital resources to meet its operational requirements, anticipated capital expenditures and coupon interest payments for the Notes for the next twelve months. Capital markets have tightened recently in response to the macroeconomic environment making new financing more difficult and/or expensive and the Company may not be able to obtain such financing on terms acceptable to it or at all.
Each $1,000 of principal of the 2027 Notes will initially be convertible into 23.9137 shares of the Company’s common stock, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $41.82 per share. Each $1,000 of principal of the 2024 Notes will initially be convertible into 15.1394 shares of the Company’s common stock, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $66.05 per share. The initial conversion price for the 2027 and the 2024 Notes is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events.
As of March 31, 2023, the 2027 and 2024 Notes are not yet convertible and their remaining term is approximately 53 months and 13 months, respectively.
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of the principal amount of the Notes in the aggregate was $277.3 million and $263.7 million, respectively. The estimated fair value was determined based on inputs that are observable in the market or that could be derived from, or corroborated with, observable market data, including the Company's stock price and interest rates, which represents level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
The Notes consist of the following (in thousands):
| March 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||
| Principal | $ | 293,750 | $ | 293,750 | |||||||
| Less: debt issuance cost, net of amortization | (3,598) | (3,971) | |||||||||
| Net carrying amount | $ | 290,152 | $ | 289,779 | |||||||
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The following table sets forth total interest expense recognized related to the Notes (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Coupon interest | $ | 1,203 | $ | 1,203 | |||||||
| Amortization of debt issuance costs | 373 | 373 | |||||||||
| Total | $ | 1,576 | $ | 1,576 | |||||||
Capped Call Transactions
In September 2020 and in May 2019, in connection with the offering of the 2027 and 2024 Notes, respectively, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (collectively, the "Capped Call") with certain option counterparties. The Capped Call transactions cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock initially underlying the Notes, at a strike price that corresponds to the initial conversion price of the Notes, also subject to adjustment, and are exercisable upon conversion of the Notes. The Capped Call transactions are intended to reduce potential dilution to the Company’s common stock and/or offset any cash payments the Company will be required to make in excess of the principal amounts upon any conversion of Notes, and to effectively increase the overall conversion price of the 2027 Notes from $41.82 to $78.90 per share, and for the 2024 Notes from $66.05 to $101.62 per share. As the Capped Call transactions meet certain accounting criteria, they are recorded in stockholders’ equity and are not accounted for as derivatives. The cost of the Capped Call was $25.3 million and $16.4 million for the 2027 and 2024 Notes, respectively, and was recorded as part of additional paid-in capital.
9. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
In the ordinary course of business, the Company regularly becomes involved in contract and other negotiations and, in more limited circumstances, becomes involved in legal proceedings, claims and litigation. The outcomes of these matters are inherently unpredictable. The Company is not currently involved in any outstanding litigation that it believes, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Purchase commitments
In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into various purchase commitments for goods and services, mainly related to infrastructure platforms, business technology software and support, and other services. In January 2023, the Company entered into a noncancelable agreement for software support services with a four-year term. The remaining purchase commitment as of March 31, 2023 was $3.5 million and the agreement expires in March 2027. There were no other material changes outside the ordinary course of business to the noncancellable purchase commitments disclosed in the Annual Report.
10. Severance and Other Related Costs
In the quarter ended March 31, 2023, the Company made additional organizational changes and incurred approximately $3.6 million of severance, employee benefits, outplacement and related costs during the period. These costs were recorded primarily as operating expenses in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, mainly research and development, and sales and marketing. During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, cash payments of $3.2 million were recorded for the incurred costs. The Company expects to settle the remaining accrued expense of approximately $1.3 million during 2023.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The terms “we,” “us,” “PROS” and “our” refer to PROS Holdings, Inc. and all of its subsidiaries that are consolidated in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
This management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read along with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and unaudited notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 ("Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)"), as well as the audited consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements and management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations set forth in our Annual Report.
Q1 2023 Financial Overview
In the first quarter of 2023, we continued to grow our subscription revenue. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, our subscription revenue increased 15% and total revenue increased 10% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, each as compared to the same period in 2022. Recurring revenue (which consists of subscription revenue and maintenance and support revenue) as a percentage of total revenue accounted for 84% and 85% of total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Our gross revenue retention rates remained above 93% during the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2023.
Cash used in operating activities was $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to $11.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The improvement was primarily attributable to increased cash collections during the period and a lower annual incentive payment in 2023 as compared to prior year.
Free cash flow is a key metric to assess the strength of our business. We define free cash flow, a non-GAAP financial measure, as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, excluding severance payments, less capital expenditures, purchases of other (non-acquisition-related) intangible assets and capitalized internal-use software development costs. We believe free cash flow may be useful to investors and other users of our financial information in evaluating the amount of cash generated by our business operations. Free cash flow used during the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $4.5 million, compared to $11.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The improvement was primarily attributable to increased cash collections during the period and a lower annual incentive payment in 2023 as compared to prior year. The following is a reconciliation of free cash flow to the most comparable GAAP measure, net cash used in operating activities (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (6,143) | $ | (11,014) | |||||||
| Severance | 3,170 | — | |||||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment | (1,546) | (461) | |||||||||
| Free Cash Flow | $ | (4,519) | $ | (11,475) | |||||||
Factors Affecting Our Performance
Key factors and trends that have affected, and we believe will continue to affect, our operating results include:
•Macroeconomic Environment. We believe the combination of increased inflation, rising interest rates, volatile capital and financial markets, supply chain disruptions, tight labor markets, pricing volatility, the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and other macroeconomic conditions increases corporate focus on profitable growth. Despite this challenging environment, we remain confident in our ability to help optimize shopping and selling experiences for our customers. For example, pricing volatility and inflation are catalysts for demand for our price management and optimization solutions. Uncertain macroeconomic and industry conditions in countries and regions in which we operate create a challenging selling environment for large enterprise technology deployment and we believe in the near term will lead new customers to increasingly emphasize smaller scope initial purchases with faster implementations. While our recurring revenue and earnings are relatively predictable as a result of our subscription-based business model, the broader implications of these macroeconomic events on our business, results of operations, cash flows and overall financial position, particularly in the long term, remain uncertain. Under this model, our lower subscription bookings during the pandemic has adversely impacted our subscription revenue growth rates due to the timing lag between subscription
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bookings and the revenue recognized on those bookings. However, despite the impact of the pandemic on our prior revenue growth rates, we had double digit growth for both subscription revenue and total revenue in the first quarter of 2023. For a full discussion on the risks and uncertainties to our business, please see the "Risk Factors" section in our Annual Report.
•Profitable Growth as a Priority. We believe our market opportunity is large and underpenetrated and intend to continue investing in our business to create awareness for our solutions, acquire new customers, and expand within our existing customer base globally, while focusing on cash flow and profitability. We intend to continue investing for growth and also seek opportunities to mitigate the growth in our costs and reduce our existing cost structure. We also plan to continue investing in product development to enhance our existing technologies, including initiatives to accelerate customer time-to-value, improve efficiency, provide out-of-the-box integration with third-party commerce solutions and develop new applications and technologies.
•Travel Industry Recovering. Despite operational headwinds and regional variances in the timing of travel restrictions being lifted, the travel industry, particularly the airline industry, continues to recover from the unprecedented disruption caused by the pandemic. While global capacity has not fully returned to pre-pandemic levels, demand for air travel continues to increase as restrictions have been lifted. Travel in North America has led this recovery with Asia Pacific lagging, particularly as China has only recently lifted international travel restrictions. The International Air Transport Association is forecasting airline industry profitability in 2023 with certain U.S.-based airlines already publicly reporting profitable quarters. Still, the rate of airline industry recovery could be impacted negatively if inflation impacts consumer disposable income or limits business travel. Despite geographic variation, we expect airlines to increasingly prioritize technology investments as travel returns to pre-COVID levels.
•Digital Purchasing Driving Technology Adoption. We believe the long-term trends toward digital purchasing by both consumers and corporate buyers will increasingly drive demand for technology that provides fast, frictionless and personalized buying experiences across direct sales, partner, online, mobile and emerging channels. Buyers often prefer not to interact with sales representatives as their primary source of research, and increasingly prefer to buy online when they have already decided what to buy. For example, in the airline industry, the pandemic accelerated a long-term trend towards direct booking channels, and we anticipate airlines continuing to invest in technology, including mobile device-enabled solutions, to enhance their ability to capture a greater percentage of bookings through their own channels such as their websites. We believe companies must adopt technologies which power these types of experiences across sales channels as they modernize their sales process to compete in digital commerce. Increasingly, companies are looking to AI to deliver actionable insights from their data, improve and customize their offerings and drive process efficiencies. Our AI-powered solutions enable buyers to move fluidly and with personalized experiences across our customers’ sales channels, and our digital offer marketing solutions help our customers drive their buyers directly into their direct selling channels.
•Cloud Migrations. As we continue to migrate our on-premises customers from our legacy licensed solutions to our current cloud solutions, we expect our future maintenance and support revenue to continue to decline and subscription revenue to increase. We continue to encourage our customers to migrate to our cloud solutions as we have announced end of support dates for certain of our on-premises solutions.
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain items in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss as a percentage of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Revenue: | |||||||||||
Subscription | 76 | % | 73 | % | |||||||
Maintenance and support | 8 | 12 | |||||||||
| Total subscription, maintenance and support | 84 | 85 | |||||||||
Services | 16 | 15 | |||||||||
| Total revenue | 100 | 100 | |||||||||
| Cost of revenue: | |||||||||||
Subscription | 19 | 21 | |||||||||
Maintenance and support | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
| Total cost of subscription, maintenance and support | 22 | 24 | |||||||||
Services | 18 | 17 | |||||||||
| Total cost of revenue | 40 | 41 | |||||||||
| Gross profit | 60 | 59 | |||||||||
| Operating Expenses: | |||||||||||
Selling and marketing | 36 | 38 | |||||||||
Research and development | 30 | 37 | |||||||||
General and administrative | 19 | 22 | |||||||||
| Impairment of fixed assets | — | 2 | |||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 85 | 99 | |||||||||
Convertible debt interest and amortization | (2) | (2) | |||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | 2 | (1) | |||||||||
| Loss before income tax provision | (26) | (43) | |||||||||
Income tax provision | — | — | |||||||||
| Net loss | (26) | % | (43) | % | |||||||
Revenue:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Subscription | $ | 55,969 | $ | 48,765 | $ | 7,204 | 15 | % | |||||||||||||||
Maintenance and support | 5,712 | 7,855 | (2,143) | (27) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total subscription, maintenance and support | 61,681 | 56,620 | 5,061 | 9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Services | 11,501 | 9,872 | 1,629 | 17 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 73,182 | $ | 66,492 | $ | 6,690 | 10 | % | |||||||||||||||
Subscription revenue. Subscription revenue increased primarily due to an increase in new and existing customer subscription contracts and a recovery of approximately $1 million from a customer that previously declared bankruptcy.
Maintenance and support revenue. Maintenance and support revenue decreased primarily as a result of existing maintenance customers migrating to our cloud solutions and, to a lesser extent, customer maintenance churn. We expect maintenance revenue to continue to decline as we continue to migrate maintenance customers to our cloud solutions.
Services revenue. Services revenue increased primarily as a result of higher sales of professional services related to our subscription contracts and follow-on professional services to existing customers. Services revenue varies from period to period depending on different factors, including the level of professional services required to implement our solutions, the timing of
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services revenue recognition on certain subscription contracts and efficiencies in our solutions implementations requiring less professional services during a particular period.
Cost of revenue and gross profit:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Cost of subscription | $ | 14,093 | $ | 13,779 | $ | 314 | 2 | % | |||||||||||||||
Cost of maintenance and support | 2,282 | 2,167 | 115 | 5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total cost of subscription, maintenance and support | 16,375 | 15,946 | 429 | 3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Cost of services | 13,167 | 11,415 | 1,752 | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total cost of revenue | 29,542 | 27,361 | 2,181 | 8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 43,640 | $ | 39,131 | $ | 4,509 | 12 | % | |||||||||||||||
Cost of subscription. Cost of subscription increased slightly primarily due to increased infrastructure cost to support our current subscription customer base and higher employee-related costs mainly due to increase in headcount. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in amortization expense for intangible assets and internal-use software. Our subscription gross profit percentages were 75% and 72% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Cost of maintenance and support. Cost of maintenance and support remained relatively unchanged. Maintenance and support gross profit percentages were 60% and 72% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in gross profit percentages was primarily due to lower maintenance and support revenue as we continue to migrate customers to our subscription solutions and the cost of maintenance and support being relatively fixed.
Cost of services. Cost of services increased primarily due to higher personnel costs to support the increase in our services revenue during the period. Services gross profit percentages were (14)% and (16)% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Services gross profit percentages vary period to period depending on different factors, including the level of professional services required to implement our solutions, the utilization of our employees and our effective man-day rates.
Operating expenses:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Selling and marketing | $ | 26,010 | $ | 25,287 | $ | 723 | 3 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 22,291 | 24,467 | (2,176) | (9) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 14,135 | 14,329 | (194) | (1) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of fixed assets | — | 1,551 | (1,551) | (100) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Total operating expenses | $ | 62,436 | $ | 65,634 | $ | (3,198) | (5) | % | |||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing expenses. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, selling and marketing expenses increased primarily due to an increase in sales and marketing initiatives and travel expenses. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in employee-related costs mainly due to organizational changes.
Research and development expenses. Research and development expenses decreased primarily due to a decrease in noncash share-based compensation and contractors expense. The noncash share-based compensation was higher in prior year mainly due to the acceleration of equity awards related to the retirement of a senior officer in the first quarter of 2022.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses remained relatively consistent with prior year.
Impairment of fixed assets. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded zero and $1.6 million impairment charge related to fixed assets, respectively. The 2022 impairment resulted from changes to our intentions for these assets in connection with a new agreement with a software vendor.
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Non-operating expenses:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible debt interest and amortization | $ | (1,576) | $ | (1,576) | $ | — | — | % | |||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | $ | 1,451 | $ | (418) | $ | 1,869 | (447) | % | |||||||||||||||
Convertible debt interest and amortization. Convertible debt expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 related to coupon interest and amortization of debt issuance costs attributable to our Notes.
Other income (expense), net. The change in other income (expense), net for the three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily related to higher interest income and to a smaller extent due to the impact of foreign currency fluctuations.
Income tax provision:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Variance | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Effective tax rate | (0.4) | % | (0.5) | % | n/a | n/a | |||||||||||||||||
| Income tax provision | $ | 81 | $ | 143 | $ | (62) | (43) | % | |||||||||||||||
Income tax provision. The tax provision for the three months ended March 31, 2023 included both foreign income and withholding taxes. No tax benefit was recognized on jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year due to the valuation allowances on our deferred tax assets.
Our effective tax rate was (0.4)% and (0.5)% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The income tax rate varies from the 21% federal statutory rate primarily due to the valuation allowances on our deferred tax assets. While our expected tax rate would be 0% due to the full valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets, the income tax provision and related effective tax rates is due to foreign income and withholding taxes.
Jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year where no tax benefit can be recognized due to the valuation allowances on our deferred tax assets are excluded from the estimated annual federal effective tax rate. The impact of such an exclusion could result in a higher or lower effective tax rate during a particular quarter depending on the mix and timing of actual earnings versus annual projections.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At March 31, 2023, we had $192.4 million of cash and cash equivalents and $95.9 million of working capital as compared to $203.6 million of cash and cash equivalents and $106.3 million of working capital at December 31, 2022.
Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents. In addition, we could access capital markets to supplement our liquidity position. Our material drivers or variants of operating cash flow are net income (loss), noncash expenses (principally share-based compensation, intangible amortization and amortization of debt issuance costs) and the timing of invoicing and cash collections from our customers. Our operating cash flows are also impacted by the timing of payments to our vendors and the payments of other liabilities.
We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents will provide adequate liquidity and capital resources to meet our operational requirements, anticipated capital expenditures and coupon interest payments for our Notes for the next twelve months. Our future working capital requirements depend on many factors, including the operations of our existing business, growth of our customer subscription services, future acquisitions we might undertake, expansion into complementary businesses, timing of adoption and implementation of our solutions and customer churn. Capital markets have tightened recently in response to the macroeconomic environment making new financing more difficult and/or expensive and we may not be able to obtain such financing on terms acceptable to us or at all. During the first quarter of 2023, the financial markets experienced disruption due to certain bank failures. We have not experienced any material impact from the disruption but will continue to monitor the situation and take action accordingly.
Our 2024 Notes, with a principal amount of $143.8 million, mature on May 15, 2024, unless redeemed or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date.
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The following table presents key components of our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities | $ | (6,143) | $ | (11,014) | |||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (1,546) | (461) | |||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (3,573) | 1,231 | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents (beginning of period) | 203,627 | 227,553 | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents (end of period) | $ | 192,376 | $ | 217,393 | |||||||
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $6.1 million. The $4.9 million improvement over last year was primarily attributable to increased cash collections during the period and a lower annual incentive payment in 2023 as compared to prior year.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $1.5 million. The increase was due to higher capital expenditures, primarily related to third-party software license renewal, in 2023 as compared to the same period in prior year.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $3.6 million. The increase was primarily attributable to higher tax withholding payments on the vesting of employee share-based awards.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material. We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as variable interest entities, that would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Other than changes described in Note 9 above, there have been no material changes to our contractual obligations and commitments disclosed in our Annual Report.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See "Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted" in Note 2 above for discussion of recent accounting pronouncements including the respective expected dates of adoption, if any.
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Critical accounting policies and estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses, and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The complexity and judgment required in our estimation process, as well as issues related to the assumptions, risks and uncertainties inherent in determining the nature and timing of satisfaction of performance obligations and determining the standalone selling price of performance obligations, affect the amounts of revenue, expenses, unbilled receivables and deferred revenue. Estimates are also used for, but not limited to, receivables, allowance for credit losses, operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities, useful lives of assets, depreciation, income taxes and deferred tax asset valuation, valuation of stock awards, other current liabilities and accrued liabilities. Numerous internal and external factors can affect estimates. Our critical accounting policies related to the estimates and judgments are discussed in our Annual Report under management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
Although our contracts are predominately denominated in U.S. dollars, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange risk because we also have some contracts denominated in foreign currencies. The effect of a hypothetical 10% adverse change in exchange rates on our foreign denominated receivables as of March 31, 2023 would result in a loss of approximately $0.9 million. We are also exposed to foreign currency risk due to our operating subsidiaries in France, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Ireland, Australia, Bulgaria, Ecuador and United Arab Emirates. A hypothetical 10% adverse change in the value of the U.S. dollar in relation to the euro, which is our single most significant foreign currency exposure, would have decreased revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 by approximately $1.1 million. However, due to the relatively low volume of payments made and received through our foreign subsidiaries, we do not believe that we have significant exposure to foreign currency exchange risks. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could harm our financial results in the future.
We currently do not use derivative financial instruments to mitigate foreign currency exchange risks. We continue to review this matter and may consider hedging certain foreign exchange risks through the use of currency derivatives in future years.
Interest Rate Risk
As of March 31, 2023, we had outstanding principal amounts of $150.0 million and $143.8 million of the 2027 and the 2024 Notes, respectively, which are fixed rate instruments. Therefore, our results of operations are not subject to fluctuations in interest rates. The fair value of the Notes may change when the market price of our stock fluctuates.
We believe that we do not have any material exposure to changes in the fair value as a result of changes in interest rates due to the short-term nature of our cash equivalents.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of March 31, 2023. Based on our evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2023, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we are a party to legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. We are not currently aware of any such proceedings or claims that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes in the Company's risk factors from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
We have an ongoing authorization from our board of directors to repurchase up to $15.0 million in shares of our common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. As of March 31, 2023, $10.0 million remained available for repurchase under the existing repurchase authorization. We did not make any purchases of our common stock under this program for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
| Index to Exhibits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provided | Incorporated by Reference | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exhibit No. | Description | Herewith | Form | Filing Date | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31.1 | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31.2 | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 32.1* | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exhibit No. | Description | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| * | This certification shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section, nor shall it be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. | ||||
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| PROS HOLDINGS, INC. | |||||||||||
| May 2, 2023 | By: | /s/ Andres Reiner | |||||||||
| Andres Reiner | |||||||||||
| President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | |||||||||||
| May 2, 2023 | By: | /s/ Stefan Schulz | |||||||||
| Stefan Schulz | |||||||||||
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | |||||||||||
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