PULTEGROUP INC/MI/ - Quarter Report: 2012 September (Form 10-Q)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 1-9804
PULTEGROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
MICHIGAN | 38-2766606 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
100 Bloomfield Hills Parkway, Suite 300
Bloomfield Hills, Michigan 48304
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (248) 647-2750
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES [X] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer [X] | Accelerated filer [ ] | Non-accelerated filer [ ] | Smaller reporting company [ ] |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YES [ ] NO [X]
Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of October 19, 2012: 386,317,678
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
PULTEGROUP, INC.
INDEX
Page No. | ||
PART I | ||
Item 1 | ||
Item 2 | ||
Item 3 | ||
Item 4 | ||
PART II | ||
Item 2 | ||
Item 6 | ||
2
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
($000’s omitted)
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||
(Unaudited) | (Note) | ||||||
ASSETS | |||||||
Cash and equivalents | $ | 1,563,651 | $ | 1,083,071 | |||
Restricted cash | 76,730 | 101,860 | |||||
House and land inventory | 4,470,571 | 4,636,468 | |||||
Land held for sale | 129,523 | 135,307 | |||||
Land, not owned, under option agreements | 11,054 | 24,905 | |||||
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale | 263,378 | 258,075 | |||||
Investments in unconsolidated entities | 30,794 | 35,988 | |||||
Income taxes receivable | 28,282 | 27,154 | |||||
Other assets | 414,074 | 420,444 | |||||
Intangible assets | 152,523 | 162,348 | |||||
$ | 7,140,580 | $ | 6,885,620 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||
Liabilities: | |||||||
Accounts payable, including book overdrafts of $38,076 and $48,380 in 2012 and 2011, respectively | $ | 210,332 | $ | 196,447 | |||
Customer deposits | 122,144 | 46,960 | |||||
Accrued and other liabilities | 1,380,941 | 1,411,941 | |||||
Income tax liabilities | 202,280 | 203,313 | |||||
Financial Services debt | 103,000 | — | |||||
Senior notes | 2,999,837 | 3,088,344 | |||||
5,018,534 | 4,947,005 | ||||||
Shareholders' equity | 2,122,046 | 1,938,615 | |||||
$ | 7,140,580 | $ | 6,885,620 |
Note: The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2011 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements.
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(000’s omitted, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||
Homebuilding | |||||||||||||||
Home sale revenues | $ | 1,232,704 | $ | 1,101,368 | $ | 3,070,895 | $ | 2,783,602 | |||||||
Land sale revenues | 22,623 | 12,659 | 69,770 | 19,023 | |||||||||||
1,255,327 | 1,114,027 | 3,140,665 | 2,802,625 | ||||||||||||
Financial Services | 47,264 | 27,904 | 112,367 | 71,720 | |||||||||||
Total revenues | 1,302,591 | 1,141,931 | 3,253,032 | 2,874,345 | |||||||||||
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: | |||||||||||||||
Home sale cost of revenues | 1,023,704 | 947,817 | 2,605,249 | 2,422,525 | |||||||||||
Land sale cost of revenues | 21,061 | (2,935 | ) | 62,069 | 1,782 | ||||||||||
1,044,765 | 944,882 | 2,667,318 | 2,424,307 | ||||||||||||
Financial Services expenses | 20,578 | 19,306 | 62,914 | 78,832 | |||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 125,191 | 121,553 | 372,691 | 402,379 | |||||||||||
Other expense (income), net | 7,453 | 259,187 | 24,570 | 274,765 | |||||||||||
Interest income | (1,219 | ) | (1,122 | ) | (3,582 | ) | (3,704 | ) | |||||||
Interest expense | 201 | 322 | 616 | 990 | |||||||||||
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (284 | ) | 303 | (3,836 | ) | (1,999 | ) | ||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 105,906 | (202,500 | ) | 132,341 | (301,225 | ) | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | (10,727 | ) | (73,202 | ) | (15,062 | ) | (77,016 | ) | |||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 116,633 | $ | (129,298 | ) | $ | 147,403 | $ | (224,209 | ) | |||||
Net income (loss) per share: | |||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.31 | $ | (0.34 | ) | $ | 0.39 | $ | (0.59 | ) | |||||
Diluted | $ | 0.30 | $ | (0.34 | ) | $ | 0.38 | $ | (0.59 | ) | |||||
Number of shares used in calculation: | |||||||||||||||
Basic | 381,355 | 380,025 | 380,839 | 379,785 | |||||||||||
Effect of dilutive securities | 3,215 | — | 2,036 | — | |||||||||||
Diluted | 384,570 | 380,025 | 382,875 | 379,785 |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(000’s omitted)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 116,633 | $ | (129,298 | ) | $ | 147,403 | $ | (224,209 | ) | |||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | |||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of derivatives | 58 | 64 | 173 | 137 | |||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | (51 | ) | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 58 | 64 | 173 | 86 | |||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 116,691 | $ | (129,234 | ) | $ | 147,576 | $ | (224,123 | ) |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(000's omitted)
(Unaudited)
Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Shareholders' Equity, January 1, 2012 | 382,608 | $ | 3,826 | $ | 2,986,240 | $ | (1,306 | ) | $ | (1,050,145 | ) | $ | 1,938,615 | |||||||||
Stock option exercises | 2,403 | 24 | 27,408 | — | — | 27,432 | ||||||||||||||||
Stock awards, net of cancellations | 1,316 | 13 | (13 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Stock repurchases | (104 | ) | (1 | ) | (813 | ) | — | (147 | ) | (961 | ) | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | 9,384 | — | — | 9,384 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | — | — | — | — | 147,403 | 147,403 | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | 173 | — | 173 | ||||||||||||||||
Shareholders' Equity, September 30, 2012 | 386,223 | $ | 3,862 | $ | 3,022,206 | $ | (1,133 | ) | $ | (902,889 | ) | $ | 2,122,046 | |||||||||
Shareholders' Equity, January 1, 2011 | 382,028 | $ | 3,820 | $ | 2,972,919 | $ | (1,519 | ) | $ | (840,053 | ) | $ | 2,135,167 | |||||||||
Stock awards, net of cancellations | 1,020 | 10 | (10 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Stock repurchases | (267 | ) | (2 | ) | (2,081 | ) | — | 62 | (2,021 | ) | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | 14,444 | — | — | 14,444 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | — | — | — | — | (224,209 | ) | (224,209 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | 86 | — | 86 | ||||||||||||||||
Shareholders' Equity, September 30, 2011 | 382,781 | $ | 3,828 | $ | 2,985,272 | $ | (1,433 | ) | $ | (1,064,200 | ) | $ | 1,923,467 |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
PULTEGROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
($000’s omitted)
(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended | |||||||
September 30, | |||||||
2012 | 2011 | ||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 147,403 | $ | (224,209 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities: | |||||||
Write-down of land and deposits and pre-acquisition costs | 12,623 | 11,419 | |||||
Goodwill impairments | — | 240,541 | |||||
Depreciation and amortization | 22,278 | 24,629 | |||||
Stock-based compensation expense | 14,368 | 14,444 | |||||
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (3,836 | ) | (1,999 | ) | |||
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities | 7,223 | 5,042 | |||||
Loss on debt repurchases | — | 3,537 | |||||
Other, net | 5,254 | 2,741 | |||||
Increase (decrease) in cash due to: | |||||||
Restricted cash | (966 | ) | 690 | ||||
Inventories | 160,973 | (174,231 | ) | ||||
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale | (5,275 | ) | 2,182 | ||||
Other assets | (1,612 | ) | 108,202 | ||||
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities | 63,832 | (99,674 | ) | ||||
Income tax liabilities | (1,033 | ) | (73,280 | ) | |||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 421,232 | (159,966 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||
Distributions from unconsolidated entities | 2,696 | 4,388 | |||||
Investments in unconsolidated entities | (1,266 | ) | (3,749 | ) | |||
Net change in loans held for investment | 736 | 449 | |||||
Change in restricted cash related to letters of credit | 26,096 | (89,385 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from the sale of fixed assets | 4,705 | 9,449 | |||||
Capital expenditures | (10,597 | ) | (15,162 | ) | |||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 22,370 | (94,010 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||
Financial Services borrowings (repayments) | 103,000 | — | |||||
Other borrowings (repayments) | (92,493 | ) | (68,351 | ) | |||
Issuance of common stock | 27,432 | — | |||||
Stock repurchases | (961 | ) | (2,021 | ) | |||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 36,978 | (70,372 | ) | ||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents | 480,580 | (324,348 | ) | ||||
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period | 1,083,071 | 1,483,390 | |||||
Cash and equivalents at end of period | $ | 1,563,651 | $ | 1,159,042 | |||
Supplemental Cash Flow Information: | |||||||
Interest paid (capitalized), net | $ | (28,072 | ) | $ | (29,457 | ) | |
Income taxes paid (refunded), net | $ | (12,901 | ) | $ | (5,665 | ) |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
1. Summary of significant accounting policies
Basis of presentation
PulteGroup, Inc. is one of the largest homebuilders in the United States, and our common stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “PHM”. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "PulteGroup", the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" used herein refer to PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. While our subsidiaries engage primarily in the homebuilding business, we also have mortgage banking operations, conducted principally through Pulte Mortgage LLC (“Pulte Mortgage”), and title operations.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by United States generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassification
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Subsequent events
We evaluated subsequent events up until the time the financial statements were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").
Cash and equivalents
Cash and equivalents include institutional money market investments and time deposits with a maturity of three months or less when acquired. Cash and equivalents at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 also included $17.0 million and $13.0 million, respectively, of cash from home closings held in escrow for our benefit, typically for less than five days, which are considered deposits in-transit.
Restricted cash
We maintain certain cash balances that are restricted as to their use. Restricted cash consists primarily of deposits maintained with financial institutions under certain cash-collateralized letter of credit agreements (see Note 9). The remaining balances relate to certain other accounts with restrictions, including customer deposits on home sales that are temporarily restricted by regulatory requirements until title transfers to the homebuyer.
8
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Other expense (income), net
Other expense (income), net consists of the following ($000’s omitted):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs | $ | 893 | $ | 2,296 | $ | 1,798 | $ | 6,628 | |||||||
Loss on debt retirements | — | — | — | 3,537 | |||||||||||
Lease exit and related costs (a) | 152 | 114 | 6,312 | 6,301 | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 3,275 | 3,275 | 9,825 | 9,825 | |||||||||||
Goodwill impairments | — | 240,541 | — | 240,541 | |||||||||||
Miscellaneous expense (income), net | 3,133 | 12,961 | 6,635 | 7,933 | |||||||||||
$ | 7,453 | $ | 259,187 | $ | 24,570 | $ | 274,765 |
(a) | Excludes $2.5 million of lease exit costs classified within Financial Services expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2012. Such amounts were immaterial during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011. See Note 2. |
The goodwill impairments recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 reflect the write-off of the remaining goodwill associated with our merger with Centex Corporation ("Centex") in August 2009.
Notes receivable
In certain instances, we may accept consideration for land sales or other transactions in the form of a note receivable. The counterparties for these transactions are generally land developers or other real estate investors. We consider the creditworthiness of the counterparty when evaluating the relative risk and return involved in pursuing the applicable transaction. Due to the unique facts and circumstances surrounding each receivable, we assess the need for an allowance on an individual basis. Factors considered as part of this assessment include the counterparty's payment history, the value of any underlying collateral, communications with the counterparty, knowledge of the counterparty's financial condition and plans, and the current and expected economic environment. Allowances are recorded in other expense (income), net when it becomes likely that some amount will not be collectible. Such receivables are reported net of allowance for credit losses within other assets. Notes receivable are written off when it is determined that collection efforts will no longer be pursued. Interest income is recognized as earned.
The following represents our notes receivable and related allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 ($000’s omitted):
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||
Notes receivable, gross | $ | 78,758 | $ | 78,834 | |||
Allowance for credit losses | (43,953 | ) | (41,647 | ) | |||
Notes receivable, net | $ | 34,805 | $ | 37,187 |
We also record other receivables from various parties in the normal course of business, including amounts due from municipalities, insurance carriers, and vendors. Such receivables are generally non-interest bearing and non-collateralized, payable either on demand or upon the occurrence of a specified event, and are generally reported in other assets. See Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale in Note 1 for a discussion of our receivables related to mortgage operations.
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income (loss) available to common shareholders (the “numerator”) by the weighted-average number of common shares, adjusted for non-vested shares of restricted stock (the “denominator”) for the period. Computing diluted earnings per share is similar to computing basic earnings per share, except that the
9
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
denominator is increased to include the dilutive effects of stock options, non-vested restricted stock, and other potentially dilutive instruments. Any stock options that have an exercise price greater than the average market price are considered to be anti-dilutive and are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation. Earnings per share excludes 12.0 million and 18.8 million stock options and other potentially dilutive instruments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. All stock options, non-vested restricted stock, and other potentially dilutive instruments were excluded from the calculation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 due to the net loss recorded during the periods.
Land, not owned, under option agreements
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of homes in the future. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we generally provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. Under ASC 810, “Consolidation” (“ASC 810”), if the entity holding the land under option is a variable interest entity (“VIE”), our deposit represents a variable interest in that entity. If we are determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, then we are required to consolidate the VIE.
Only a portion of our land option agreements are with entities considered VIEs. In evaluating whether there exists a need to consolidate a VIE, we take into consideration that the VIE is generally protected from the first dollar of loss under our land option agreement due to our deposit. Likewise, the VIE's gains are generally capped based on the purchase price within the land option agreement. However, we generally have little control or influence over the operations of these VIEs due to our lack of an equity interest in them. Additionally, creditors of the VIE have no recourse against us, and we do not provide financial or other support to these VIEs other than as stipulated in the land option agreements. Our maximum exposure to loss related to these VIEs is generally limited to our deposits and pre-acquisition costs under the applicable land option agreements. Historically, we have canceled a considerable number of land option agreements, which has resulted in write-offs of the related deposits and pre-acquisition costs but did not expose us to the overall risks or losses of the applicable VIEs. No VIEs required consolidation under ASC 810 at either September 30, 2012 or December 31, 2011.
Additionally, we determined that certain land option agreements represent financing arrangements pursuant to ASC 470-40, “Accounting for Product Financing Arrangements” (“ASC 470-40”), even though we generally have no obligation to pay these future amounts. As a result, we recorded $11.1 million and $24.9 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, to land, not owned, under option agreements with a corresponding increase to accrued and other liabilities. Such amounts represent the remaining purchase price under the land option agreements, some of which are with VIEs, in the event we exercise the purchase rights under the agreements.
The following provides a summary of our interests in land option agreements as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 ($000’s omitted):
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs | Remaining Purchase Price | Land, Not Owned, Under Option Agreements | Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs | Remaining Purchase Price | Land, Not Owned, Under Option Agreements | ||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated VIEs | $ | 2,721 | $ | 3,607 | $ | 3,607 | $ | 2,781 | $ | 5,957 | $ | 3,837 | |||||||||||
Unconsolidated VIEs | 23,290 | 262,395 | — | 21,180 | 240,958 | — | |||||||||||||||||
Other land option agreements | 36,609 | 553,289 | 7,447 | 33,086 | 451,079 | 21,068 | |||||||||||||||||
$ | 62,620 | $ | 819,291 | $ | 11,054 | $ | 57,047 | $ | 697,994 | $ | 24,905 |
10
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale
Substantially all of the loans originated by us are sold in the secondary mortgage market within a short period of time after origination. In accordance with ASC 825, “Financial Instruments” (“ASC 825”), we use the fair value option for residential mortgage loans available-for-sale, which allows a better offset of the changes in fair values of the loans and the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. We do not designate any derivative instruments as hedges or apply the hedge accounting provisions of ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” Fair values for agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on quoted market prices for comparable instruments. Fair values for non-agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on purchase commitments from whole loan investors and other relevant market information available to management. See Note 10 for a discussion of the risks retained related to mortgage loan originations.
Expected gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of interest rate lock commitments that are accounted for at fair value through Financial Services revenues at the time of commitment. Subsequent changes in the fair value of these loans are reflected in Financial Services revenues as they occur. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, residential mortgage loans available-for-sale had an aggregate fair value of $263.4 million and $258.1 million, respectively, and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $248.0 million and $248.2 million, respectively. The net gain (loss) resulting from changes in fair value of these loans totaled $0.9 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $0.6 million and $(0.6) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. These changes in fair value were substantially offset by changes in fair value of the corresponding hedging instruments. Net gains from the sale of mortgages were $33.9 million and $16.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $76.9 million and $41.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and have been included in Financial Services revenues.
Mortgage servicing rights
We sell the servicing rights for the loans we originate on a flow basis through fixed price servicing sales contracts to reduce the risks and costs inherent in servicing loans. This strategy results in owning the servicing rights for only a short period of time. We recognize the fair value of our rights to service a mortgage loan as revenue at the time of entering into an interest rate lock commitment with a borrower. Due to the short period of time the servicing rights are held, we do not amortize the servicing asset. The servicing sales contracts provide for the reimbursement of payments made by the purchaser if loans prepay within specified periods of time, generally within 90 to 120 days after sale. We establish reserves for this liability at the time the sale is recorded. Such reserves are included in accrued and other liabilities and were immaterial at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011. Servicing rights recognized in Financial Services revenues totaled $4.8 million and $1.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $13.3 million and $10.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Derivative instruments and hedging activities
We are exposed to market risks from commitments to lend, movements in interest rates, and canceled or modified commitments to lend. A commitment to lend at a specific interest rate (an interest rate lock commitment) is a derivative financial instrument (interest rate is locked to the borrower). In order to reduce these risks, we use other derivative financial instruments to economically hedge the interest rate lock commitment. The principal derivative instruments we use to hedge this risk are forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments. We enter into these derivative financial instruments based upon our portfolio of interest rate lock commitments and closed loans. We do not use any derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.
Fair values for interest rate lock commitments, including the value of servicing rights, are based on market prices for similar instruments. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had interest rate lock commitments in the total amount of $273.5 million and $97.6 million, respectively, which were originated at interest rates prevailing at the date of commitment. Since we can terminate a loan commitment if the borrower does not comply with the terms of the contract, and some loan commitments may expire without being drawn upon, these commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. We evaluate the creditworthiness of these transactions through our normal credit policies.
11
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are commitments to either purchase or sell a specified financial instrument at a specified future date for a specified price and may be settled in cash, by offsetting the position, or through the delivery of the financial instrument. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are the predominant derivative financial instruments we use to minimize the market risk during the period from the time we extend an interest rate lock to a loan applicant until the time the loan is sold to an investor. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are valued based on market prices for similar instruments. We also use whole loan investor commitments, which are obligations of the investor to buy loans at a specified price within a specified time period. Fair values for whole loan investor commitments are based on market prices for similar instruments from the specific whole loan investor. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had unexpired forward contracts of $481.6 million and $311.5 million, respectively, and whole loan investor commitments of $3.0 million and $1.6 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of interest rate lock commitments and other derivative financial instruments are recognized in Financial Services revenues, and the fair values are reflected in other assets or other liabilities, as applicable.
There are no credit-risk-related contingent features within our derivative agreements, and counterparty risk is considered minimal. Gains and losses on interest rate lock commitments are substantially offset by corresponding gains or losses on forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments. We are generally not exposed to variability in cash flows of derivative instruments for more than approximately 60 days.
The fair value of derivative instruments and their location in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet is summarized below ($000’s omitted):
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||
Other Assets | Other Liabilities | Other Assets | Other Liabilities | ||||||||||||
Interest rate lock commitments | $ | 14,409 | $ | 6 | $ | 3,552 | $ | 1 | |||||||
Forward contracts | 381 | 8,855 | 44 | 3,514 | |||||||||||
Whole loan commitments | 12 | 7 | 52 | 41 | |||||||||||
$ | 14,802 | $ | 8,868 | $ | 3,648 | $ | 3,556 |
New accounting pronouncements
In May 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement” (“ASU 2011-04”), which amended Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 820 to clarify existing guidance and minimize differences between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). ASU 2011-04 requires entities to provide information about valuation techniques and unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements and provide additional disclosures for classes of assets and liabilities disclosed at fair value. We adopted ASU 2011-04 as of January 1, 2012, which did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05, “Statement of Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2011-05”), which requires entities to present net income and other comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement or in two separate, but consecutive, statements of net income and other comprehensive income. ASU 2011-05 was effective for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2012. The standard did not impact our reported results of operations but did impact our financial statement presentation. We now present items of other comprehensive income in the Statement of Consolidated Comprehensive Income rather than in the Statement of Shareholders' Equity.
12
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
2. Restructuring
In response to the challenging operating environment in recent years, we have taken a series of actions designed to reduce ongoing operating costs and improve operating efficiencies. As a result of these actions, we incurred total restructuring charges as summarized below ($000’s omitted):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Employee severance benefits | $ | 56 | $ | 663 | $ | 1,501 | $ | 9,195 | |||||||
Lease exit costs | 179 | 101 | 8,008 | 6,401 | |||||||||||
Other | — | — | 807 | 11 | |||||||||||
$ | 235 | $ | 764 | $ | 10,316 | $ | 15,607 |
Of the total restructuring costs reflected in the above table, $2.5 million and $1.1 million are classified within Financial Services expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Such amounts were immaterial for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011. All other employee severance benefits are included within selling, general and administrative expense, while all other lease exit and other restructuring costs are included in other expense (income), net. The remaining liability for employee severance benefits and exited leases totaled $0.3 million and $28.8 million, respectively, at September 30, 2012 and $2.6 million and $29.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2011. Substantially all of the remaining liability for employee severance benefits will be paid within the next year, while cash expenditures related to the remaining liability for lease exit costs will be incurred over the remaining terms of the applicable office leases, which generally extend several years. The restructuring costs relate to various reportable segments and did not materially impact the comparability of any one segment.
3. Inventory and land held for sale
Major components of inventory were as follows ($000’s omitted):
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||
Homes under construction | $ | 1,358,227 | $ | 1,210,717 | |||
Land under development | 2,444,553 | 2,610,501 | |||||
Raw land | 667,791 | 815,250 | |||||
$ | 4,470,571 | $ | 4,636,468 |
We capitalize interest cost into inventory during the active development and construction of our communities. Each layer of capitalized interest is amortized over a period that approximates the average life of communities under development. Interest expense is recorded based on the cyclical timing of home closings. Interest expensed to Homebuilding cost of revenues included capitalized interest related to inventory impairments of $1.9 million and $1.0 million, for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $4.9 million and $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We capitalized all Homebuilding interest costs into inventory because the level of our active inventory exceeded our debt levels.
13
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Information related to interest capitalized into inventory is as follows ($000’s omitted):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Interest in inventory, beginning of period | $ | 358,451 | $ | 358,806 | $ | 355,068 | $ | 323,379 | |||||||
Interest capitalized | 50,730 | 55,230 | 153,369 | 167,367 | |||||||||||
Interest expensed | (57,155 | ) | (48,693 | ) | (156,411 | ) | (125,403 | ) | |||||||
Interest in inventory, end of period | $ | 352,026 | $ | 365,343 | $ | 352,026 | $ | 365,343 | |||||||
Interest incurred* | $ | 50,730 | $ | 55,230 | $ | 153,369 | $ | 167,367 |
* | Homebuilding interest incurred includes interest on senior debt and certain other financing arrangements. |
Land valuation adjustments and write-offs
Impairment of inventory
In accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment” (“ASC 360”), we record valuation adjustments on land inventory and related communities under development when events and circumstances indicate that they may be impaired and when the cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than their carrying amounts. Such indicators include gross margin or sales paces significantly below expectations, construction costs or land development costs significantly in excess of budgeted amounts, significant delays or changes in the planned development for the community, and other known qualitative factors. For communities that are not yet active, a significant additional consideration includes an evaluation of the probability, timing, and cost of obtaining necessary approvals from local municipalities and any potential concessions that may be necessary in order to obtain such approvals. We also consider potential changes to the product offerings in a community and any alternative strategies for the land, such as the sale of the land either in whole or in parcels. Communities that demonstrate potential impairment indicators are tested for impairment. We compare the expected undiscounted cash flows for these communities to their carrying value. For those communities whose carrying values exceed the expected undiscounted cash flows, we calculate the fair value of the community in accordance with ASC 360. Impairment charges are required to be recorded if the fair value of the community's inventory is less than its carrying value.
We determine the fair value of a community's inventory using a combination of market comparable land transactions, where available, and discounted cash flow models. These estimated cash flows are significantly impacted by estimates related to expected average selling prices, expected sales paces, expected land development and construction timelines, and anticipated land development, construction, and overhead costs. The assumptions used in the discounted cash flow models are specific to each community tested for impairment and typically do not assume improvements in market conditions in the near term. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, the significant volatility in demand for new housing, and the long life cycles of many communities, actual results could differ significantly from such estimates. Our determination of fair value also requires discounting the estimated cash flows at a rate commensurate with the inherent risks associated with each of the assets and related estimated cash flow streams. The discount rate used in determining each community's fair value depends on the stage of development of the community and other specific factors that increase or decrease the inherent risks associated with the community's cash flow streams. For example, communities that are entitled and near completion will generally be assigned a lower discount rate than communities that are not entitled and consist of multiple phases spanning several years of development and construction activity.
During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we reviewed each of our land positions for potential impairment indicators and performed detailed impairment calculations for 6 communities. As discussed above, determining the fair value of a community's inventory involves a number of variables, many of which are interrelated.
14
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
The table below summarizes certain quantitative unobservable inputs utilized in determining the fair value of impaired communities at September 30, 2012:
Unobservable input | Range | ||
Average selling price ($000s) | $139 | - | $234 |
Sales pace per quarter (units) | 2 | - | 9 |
Discount rate | 12% |
The table below provides, as of the date indicated, the number of communities for which we recognized impairment charges, the fair value of those communities at such date (net of impairment charges), and the amount of impairment charges recognized ($000’s omitted):
2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Quarter Ended | Number of Communities Impaired | Fair Value of Communities Impaired, Net of Impairment Charges | Impairment Charges | Number of Communities Impaired | Fair Value of Communities Impaired, Net of Impairment Charges | Impairment Charges | |||||||||||||||
March 31 | 4 | $ | 7,468 | $ | 4,514 | 1 | $ | 483 | $ | 103 | |||||||||||
June 30 | 4 | 16,311 | 2,796 | 6 | 6,665 | 3,300 | |||||||||||||||
September 30 | 4 | 6,172 | 2,263 | 3 | 6,416 | 1,494 | |||||||||||||||
$ | 9,573 | $ | 4,897 |
We recorded these valuation adjustments within Homebuilding home sale cost of revenues.
Our evaluations for impairments recorded to date were based on our best estimates of the future cash flows for our communities. However, if conditions in the homebuilding industry or our local markets worsen in the future or if our strategy related to certain communities changes, we may be required to evaluate our assets for further impairments or write-downs, which could result in future charges that might be significant.
Net realizable value adjustments – land held for sale
We acquire land primarily for the construction of homes for sale to customers but may periodically elect to sell select parcels of land to third parties for commercial or other development. Additionally, we may determine that certain land assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans. Assuming the criteria in ASC 360 are met, we classify such land as land held for sale.
Land held for sale is valued at the lower of carrying value or net realizable value (fair value less costs to sell). In determining the net realizable value of land held for sale, we consider recent offers received, prices for land in recent comparable sales transactions, and other factors. During the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, we recognized net realizable value adjustments of $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Such adjustments totaled $1.3 million and $(0.1) million during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We record these net realizable value adjustments within Homebuilding land sale cost of revenues.
Land held for sale was as follows ($000’s omitted):
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||
Land held for sale, gross | $ | 175,256 | $ | 190,099 | |||
Net realizable value reserves | (45,733 | ) | (54,792 | ) | |||
Land held for sale, net | $ | 129,523 | $ | 135,307 |
15
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Write-off of deposits and pre-acquisition costs
We write off deposits and pre-acquisition costs related to land option contracts when it becomes probable that we will not go forward with the project or recover such capitalized costs. Such decisions take into consideration changes in local market conditions, the willingness of land sellers to modify terms of the related purchase agreements, the timing of required land takedowns, the availability and best use of necessary incremental capital, and other factors. We wrote off (net of recoveries) deposits and pre-acquisition costs in the amount of $0.9 million and $2.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $1.8 million and $6.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We record these write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs within other expense (income), net.
4. Segment information
Our Homebuilding operations are engaged in the acquisition and development of land primarily for residential purposes within the U.S. and the construction of housing on such land. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments. During 2011, we realigned our organizational structure and reportable segment presentation. As part of the change in presentation, we removed the "Other non-operating" distinction. Amounts previously classified within "Other non-operating" have been reclassified to "Other homebuilding." Accordingly, the segment information provided in this note has been reclassified to conform to the current presentation for all periods presented.
Northeast: | Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia | |
Southeast: | Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee | |
Florida: | Florida | |
Texas: | Texas | |
North: | Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Northern California, Ohio, Oregon, Washington | |
Southwest: | Arizona, Colorado, Hawaii, Nevada, New Mexico, Southern California |
We also have one reportable segment for our Financial Services operations, which consist principally of mortgage banking and title operations. The Financial Services segment operates generally in the same markets as the Homebuilding segments.
Evaluation of segment performance is generally based on income before income taxes. Each reportable segment generally follows the same accounting policies described in Note 1 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
16
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted) | |||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 194,732 | $ | 196,834 | $ | 502,813 | $ | 459,154 | |||||||
Southeast | 194,654 | 182,828 | 496,244 | 492,764 | |||||||||||
Florida | 165,621 | 160,171 | 439,665 | 411,225 | |||||||||||
Texas | 179,581 | 182,689 | 471,648 | 467,223 | |||||||||||
North | 277,297 | 206,671 | 666,458 | 513,503 | |||||||||||
Southwest | 243,442 | 184,834 | 563,837 | 458,756 | |||||||||||
1,255,327 | 1,114,027 | 3,140,665 | 2,802,625 | ||||||||||||
Financial Services | 47,264 | 27,904 | 112,367 | 71,720 | |||||||||||
Consolidated revenues | $ | 1,302,591 | $ | 1,141,931 | $ | 3,253,032 | $ | 2,874,345 | |||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes: | |||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 20,303 | $ | (55 | ) | $ | 42,940 | $ | 845 | ||||||
Southeast | 21,227 | 14,995 | 40,724 | 28,547 | |||||||||||
Florida | 23,723 | 17,716 | 46,530 | 23,823 | |||||||||||
Texas | 18,807 | 12,352 | 34,704 | 23,487 | |||||||||||
North | 26,494 | 1,903 | 38,281 | (9,973 | ) | ||||||||||
Southwest | 27,882 | 31,542 | 41,817 | 21,472 | |||||||||||
Other homebuilding (a) | (59,257 | ) | (289,579 | ) | (162,230 | ) | (382,382 | ) | |||||||
79,179 | (211,126 | ) | 82,766 | (294,181 | ) | ||||||||||
Financial Services (b) | 26,727 | 8,626 | 49,575 | (7,044 | ) | ||||||||||
Consolidated income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 105,906 | $ | (202,500 | ) | $ | 132,341 | $ | (301,225 | ) |
(a) | Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets and capitalized interest, goodwill impairments, and other costs not allocated to the operating segments. |
(b) | Financial Services income (loss) before income taxes includes interest income of $1.6 million and $4.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, and $1.4 million and $3.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. |
17
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Land-Related Charges by Segment ($000's omitted) | |||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Land and community valuation adjustments: | |||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | — | $ | 4 | $ | 535 | $ | 4 | |||||||
Southeast | — | 522 | — | 791 | |||||||||||
Florida | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Texas | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
North | 385 | — | 2,373 | 1,818 | |||||||||||
Southwest | — | — | 1,810 | — | |||||||||||
Other homebuilding (a) | 1,878 | 968 | 4,855 | 2,284 | |||||||||||
$ | 2,263 | $ | 1,494 | $ | 9,573 | $ | 4,897 | ||||||||
Net realizable value adjustments (NRV) - land held for sale: | |||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||
Southeast | 69 | — | 350 | — | |||||||||||
Florida | 11 | — | 49 | — | |||||||||||
Texas | 154 | 143 | 412 | 143 | |||||||||||
North | 29 | — | 94 | (249 | ) | ||||||||||
Southwest | (14 | ) | — | 347 | — | ||||||||||
$ | 249 | $ | 143 | $ | 1,252 | $ | (106 | ) | |||||||
Write-off of deposits and pre-acquisition costs: | |||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 727 | $ | 199 | $ | 815 | $ | 2,157 | |||||||
Southeast | 46 | 334 | 589 | 567 | |||||||||||
Florida | 69 | — | 80 | 118 | |||||||||||
Texas | 21 | 103 | 70 | 164 | |||||||||||
North | 13 | 557 | 156 | 1,732 | |||||||||||
Southwest | 17 | 1,103 | 88 | 1,890 | |||||||||||
$ | 893 | $ | 2,296 | $ | 1,798 | $ | 6,628 | ||||||||
Total land-related charges | $ | 3,405 | $ | 3,933 | $ | 12,623 | $ | 11,419 |
(a) | Primarily write-offs of capitalized interest related to land and community valuation adjustments. |
18
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Operating Data by Segment | |||||||||||||||||||
($000's omitted) | |||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||
Homes Under Construction | Land Under Development | Raw Land | Total Inventory | Total Assets | |||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 246,930 | $ | 435,850 | $ | 108,996 | $ | 791,776 | $ | 930,644 | |||||||||
Southeast | 168,184 | 291,330 | 116,376 | 575,890 | 602,319 | ||||||||||||||
Florida | 148,264 | 304,433 | 103,374 | 556,071 | 629,877 | ||||||||||||||
Texas | 155,783 | 271,519 | 57,901 | 485,203 | 552,183 | ||||||||||||||
North | 295,685 | 364,635 | 42,370 | 702,690 | 763,149 | ||||||||||||||
Southwest | 282,137 | 502,953 | 172,721 | 957,811 | 1,031,975 | ||||||||||||||
Other homebuilding (a) | 61,244 | 273,833 | 66,053 | 401,130 | 2,324,646 | ||||||||||||||
1,358,227 | 2,444,553 | 667,791 | 4,470,571 | 6,834,793 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services | — | — | — | — | 305,787 | ||||||||||||||
$ | 1,358,227 | $ | 2,444,553 | $ | 667,791 | $ | 4,470,571 | $ | 7,140,580 | ||||||||||
December 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||
Homes Under Construction | Land Under Development | Raw Land | Total Inventory | Total Assets | |||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 237,722 | $ | 457,010 | $ | 119,549 | $ | 814,281 | $ | 957,844 | |||||||||
Southeast | 166,302 | 315,208 | 123,209 | 604,719 | 626,506 | ||||||||||||||
Florida | 137,900 | 321,841 | 110,040 | 569,781 | 637,418 | ||||||||||||||
Texas | 136,325 | 294,814 | 77,125 | 508,264 | 568,974 | ||||||||||||||
North | 268,011 | 360,202 | 91,260 | 719,473 | 803,174 | ||||||||||||||
Southwest | 216,067 | 577,656 | 216,554 | 1,010,277 | 1,099,058 | ||||||||||||||
Other homebuilding (a) | 48,390 | 283,770 | 77,513 | 409,673 | 1,904,847 | ||||||||||||||
1,210,717 | 2,610,501 | 815,250 | 4,636,468 | 6,597,821 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services | — | — | — | — | 287,799 | ||||||||||||||
$ | 1,210,717 | $ | 2,610,501 | $ | 815,250 | $ | 4,636,468 | $ | 6,885,620 |
(a) | Other homebuilding primarily includes capitalized interest, cash and equivalents, income taxes receivable, intangibles, and other corporate items that are not allocated to the operating segments. |
19
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
5. Investments in unconsolidated entities
We participate in a number of joint ventures with independent third parties. Many of these joint ventures purchase, develop, and/or sell land and homes in the U.S. and Puerto Rico. A summary of our joint ventures is presented below ($000’s omitted):
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||
Investments in joint ventures with debt non-recourse to PulteGroup | $ | 12,049 | $ | 11,453 | |||
Investments in other active joint ventures | 18,745 | 24,535 | |||||
Total investments in unconsolidated entities | $ | 30,794 | $ | 35,988 | |||
Total joint venture debt | $ | 8,279 | $ | 11,107 | |||
PulteGroup proportionate share of joint venture debt: | |||||||
Joint venture debt with limited recourse guaranties | $ | 1,054 | $ | 1,202 | |||
Joint venture debt non-recourse to PulteGroup | 896 | 2,009 | |||||
PulteGroup's total proportionate share of joint venture debt | $ | 1,950 | $ | 3,211 |
We recognized (income) expense from unconsolidated joint ventures of $(0.3) million and $0.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $(3.8) million and $(2.0) million during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, we made capital contributions of $1.3 million and $3.7 million, respectively, and received capital and earnings distributions of $9.9 million and $9.4 million, respectively.
The timing of cash obligations under the joint venture and any related financing agreements varies by agreement. If additional capital contributions are required and approved, we would need to contribute our pro rata portion of those capital needs in order to not dilute our ownership in the joint ventures. While future capital contributions may be required, we believe the total amount of such contributions will be limited. Our maximum financial loss exposure related to joint ventures is unlikely to exceed the combined investment and limited recourse guaranty totals.
6. Shareholders’ equity
At September 30, 2012, we had remaining authorization to purchase $102.3 million of common stock. There have been no repurchases under our authorized stock repurchase programs since 2006.
Under our stock-based compensation plans, we accept shares as payment under certain conditions related to stock option exercises and vesting of restricted stock, generally related to the payment of minimum tax obligations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, we repurchased $1.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively, of shares from employees under these plans. Such repurchases are excluded from the above noted stock repurchase authorization.
20
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
7. Income taxes
Our income tax expense (benefit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $(10.7) million and $(15.1) million, respectively, compared with $(73.2) million and $(77.0) million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. The income tax benefit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 resulted primarily from the favorable resolution of certain federal and state income tax matters. Due to the effects of changes in unrecognized tax benefits and the valuation allowance recorded against our deferred tax assets, our effective tax rates in 2012 and 2011 are not correlated to the amount of pretax income or loss.
We had income taxes receivable of $28.3 million and $27.2 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, which related primarily to amended federal and state income tax returns.
In accordance with ASC 740, "Income Taxes" ("ASC 740"), the Company evaluates its deferred tax assets to determine if a valuation allowance is required. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had net deferred tax assets of $2.5 billion. The ultimate realization of these deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of sufficient taxable income during future periods. Changes in existing tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the valuation of deferred tax assets over time. Based on our evaluation, we fully reserved the net deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty of realizing such deferred tax assets. The accounting for deferred taxes is based upon an estimate of future results. Differences between the estimated and actual results could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.
We continue to analyze all available positive and negative evidence in determining the continuing need for a valuation allowance. This evaluation considers, among other factors, historical operating results, forecasts of future profitability, and the duration of statutory carryforward periods. One of the primary pieces of negative evidence we consider is the significant losses we have incurred in recent years. Other negative evidence includes ongoing weakness in the overall U.S. economy and uncertainties regarding the future demand for new housing. However, we earned a profit before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and have seen significant increases in new orders, backlog, and home sale gross margin. If current business trends continue, including continued improvements in the homebuilding industry, and we continue to be profitable, we believe that there could be sufficient positive evidence to support reducing a large portion of the valuation allowance during 2013.
As a result of our merger with Centex in August 2009, our ability to use certain of Centex’s pre-ownership change NOL carryforwards and built-in losses or deductions is limited by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. Our Section 382 limitation is approximately $67.4 million per year for NOLs, losses realized on built-in loss assets that are sold within 60 months of the ownership change (i.e. before August 2014), and certain deductions. We do not believe that the Section 382 limitation will prevent the Company from using Centex’s pre-ownership change NOL carryforwards and built-in losses or deductions.
At September 30, 2012, we had $168.1 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits and $33.6 million of accrued interest and penalties. We are currently under examination by the IRS and various state taxing jurisdictions and anticipate finalizing certain of the examinations within the next twelve months. The final outcome of these examinations is not yet determinable. It is reasonably possible, within the next twelve months, that unrecognized tax benefits may decrease by up to $27.8 million, excluding interest and penalties, primarily due to expirations of certain statutes of limitations and potential settlements. The statute of limitations for our major tax jurisdictions remains open for examination for tax years 2003 to 2012.
21
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
8. Fair value disclosures
ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” provides a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy can be summarized as follows:
Level 1 | Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. | |
Level 2 | Fair value determined using significant observable inputs, generally either quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities or quoted prices in markets that are not active. | |
Level 3 | Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs, such as pricing models, discounted cash flows, or similar techniques. |
Our assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value are summarized below ($000’s omitted):
Financial Instrument | Fair Value Hierarchy | Fair Value | ||||||||
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | |||||||||
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis: | ||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale | Level 2 | $ | 263,378 | $ | 258,075 | |||||
Interest rate lock commitments | Level 2 | 14,403 | 3,551 | |||||||
Forward contracts | Level 2 | (8,474 | ) | (3,470 | ) | |||||
Whole loan commitments | Level 2 | 5 | 11 | |||||||
Measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis: | ||||||||||
Loans held for investment | Level 2 | $ | 1,578 | $ | 2,324 | |||||
House and land inventory | Level 3 | 6,172 | 23,766 | |||||||
Disclosed at fair value: | ||||||||||
Cash and equivalents (including restricted cash) | Level 1 | $ | 1,640,381 | $ | 1,184,931 | |||||
Financial Services debt | Level 2 | 103,000 | — | |||||||
Senior notes | Level 2 | 3,118,116 | 2,765,151 |
See Note 1 regarding the fair value of mortgage loans available-for-sale and derivative instruments and hedging activities. Certain assets are required to be recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The non-recurring fair values included in the table above represent only those assets whose carrying values were adjusted to fair value in the current quarter. We measured certain loans held for investment at fair value since the cost of the loans exceeded their fair value. Fair value of the loans was determined based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. For inventory, see Note 3 for a more detailed discussion of the valuation methods used.
The carrying amounts of cash and equivalents and Financial Services debt approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. The fair values of senior notes are based on quoted market prices, when available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of similar issues.
22
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
9. Debt
Our senior notes are summarized as follows ($000’s omitted):
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||
5.45% unsecured senior notes due August 2012 (b) | $ | — | $ | 96,795 | |||
6.25% unsecured senior notes due February 2013 (b) | 62,722 | 62,677 | |||||
5.125% unsecured senior notes due October 2013 (b) | 118,174 | 117,197 | |||||
5.25% unsecured senior notes due January 2014 (b) | 255,896 | 255,882 | |||||
5.70% unsecured senior notes due May 2014 (b) | 314,038 | 311,900 | |||||
5.20% unsecured senior notes due February 2015 (b) | 207,935 | 207,906 | |||||
5.25% unsecured senior notes due June 2015 (b) | 273,568 | 270,551 | |||||
6.50% unsecured senior notes due May 2016 (b) | 471,026 | 469,147 | |||||
7.625% unsecured senior notes due October 2017 (a) | 149,454 | 149,373 | |||||
7.875% unsecured senior notes due June 2032 (b) | 299,141 | 299,108 | |||||
6.375% unsecured senior notes due May 2033 (b) | 398,473 | 398,418 | |||||
6.00% unsecured senior notes due February 2035 (b) | 299,410 | 299,390 | |||||
7.375% unsecured senior notes due June 2046 (b) | 150,000 | 150,000 | |||||
Total senior notes – carrying value (c) | $ | 2,999,837 | $ | 3,088,344 | |||
Estimated fair value | $ | 3,118,116 | $ | 2,765,151 |
(a) | Not redeemable prior to maturity; guaranteed on a senior basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries. |
(b) | Redeemable prior to maturity; guaranteed on a senior basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries. |
(c) | The recorded carrying value reflects the impact of various discounts and premiums that are amortized to interest cost over the respective terms of the senior notes. |
Debt retirement
We retired $96.4 million of senior notes at their scheduled maturity dates during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we retired $13.9 million of senior notes at their scheduled maturity dates. We also retired $53.0 million of senior notes prior to their scheduled maturity dates, which resulted in losses totaling $3.5 million. Such losses included the write-off of unamortized discounts, premiums, and transaction fees and are reflected in other expense (income), net.
On October 24, 2012, we announced a tender offer to repurchase up to $1.0 billion of senior notes with maturity dates ranging from 2013 to 2016. The tender offer will be completed in November 2012. These senior notes are currently trading above par value. Accordingly, we expect to record a loss upon repurchasing the tendered notes in the fourth quarter of 2012. The amount of the loss will depend upon the amount of senior notes repurchased and the prices paid for such notes but will not have a material effect on our financial position.
Letter of credit facilities
We maintain separate cash-collateralized letter of credit agreements with a number of financial institutions. Letters of credit totaling $57.1 million and $83.2 million were outstanding under these agreements at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Under these agreements, we are required to maintain deposits with the respective financial institutions in amounts approximating the letters of credit outstanding. Such deposits are included in restricted cash.
23
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
We also maintain an unsecured letter of credit facility with a bank that expires in June 2014. This facility originally permitted the issuance of up to $200.0 million of letters of credit for general corporate purposes in support of any wholly-owned subsidiary. We voluntarily reduced the capacity of this facility to $150.0 million effective July 2, 2012. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, letters of credit of $133.6 million and $152.7 million, respectively, were outstanding under this facility.
Financial Services
Pulte Mortgage provides mortgage financing for the majority of our home closings utilizing its own funds and funds made available pursuant to credit agreements with third parties or through intercompany borrowings. Pulte Mortgage uses these resources to finance its lending activities until the mortgage loans are sold to third party investors, generally within 30 days.
On September 28, 2012, Pulte Mortgage entered into a Master Repurchase Agreement (the “Repurchase Agreement”). The Repurchase Agreement provides for loan purchases of up to $150.0 million, subject to certain sublimits, and expires on September 27, 2013. Borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. The Repurchase Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants applicable to Pulte Mortgage, including quantitative thresholds related to net worth, net income, and liquidity. At September 30, 2012, Pulte Mortgage had $103.0 million outstanding under the Repurchase Agreement.
10. Commitments and contingencies
Loan origination liabilities
Our mortgage operations may be responsible for losses associated with mortgage loans originated and sold to investors in the event of errors or omissions relating to representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements, including representations as to underwriting standards, the existence of primary mortgage insurance, and the validity of certain borrower representations in connection with the loan. If determined to be at fault, we either repurchase the loans from the investors or reimburse the investors' losses (a “make-whole” payment).
We sell substantially all of the loans we originate to investors in the secondary market within a short period of time after origination. Historically, our overall losses relating to this risk were not significant. Beginning in 2009, however, we experienced a significant increase in losses as a result of the high level of loan defaults and related losses in the mortgage industry and increasing aggressiveness by investors in presenting such claims to us. To date, the significant majority of these losses relates to loans originated in 2006 and 2007, during which period inherently riskier loan products became more common in the mortgage origination market. In 2006 and 2007, we originated $39.5 billion of loans, excluding loans originated by Centex's former subprime loan business sold by Centex in 2006. Because we generally do not retain the servicing rights to the loans we originate, information regarding the current and historical performance, credit quality, and outstanding balances of such loans is limited. Estimating these loan origination liabilities is further complicated by uncertainties surrounding numerous external factors, such as various macroeconomic factors (including unemployment rates and changes in home prices), actions taken by third parties, including the parties servicing the loans, and the U.S. federal government in its dual capacity as regulator of the U.S. mortgage industry and conservator of the government-sponsored enterprises commonly known as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which own or guarantee the majority of mortgage loans in the U.S.
Most requests received to date relate to make-whole payments on loans that have been foreclosed, generally after a portion of the loan principal had been paid down, which reduces our exposure. Requests undergo extensive analysis to confirm the exposure, attempt to cure the identified defect, and, when necessary, determine our liability. We establish liabilities for such anticipated losses based upon, among other things, the level of current unresolved repurchase requests, the volume of estimated probable future repurchase requests, our ability to cure the defects identified in the repurchase requests, and the severity of the estimated loss upon repurchase. Determining these estimates and the resulting liability requires a significant level of management judgment. We are generally able to cure or refute over 60% of the requests received from investors such that repurchases or make-whole payments are not required. For those requests requiring repurchases or make-whole payments, actual loss severities generally approximate 50% of the outstanding principal balance.
24
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Our current estimates assume that claim volumes will not decline to pre-2009 levels until after 2013. Given the ongoing volatility in the mortgage industry, our lack of visibility into the current status of the review process of loans by investors, the claim volumes we continue to experience, and uncertainties regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, it is reasonably possible that future losses may exceed our current estimates.
Changes in these liabilities were as follows ($000's omitted):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Liabilities, beginning of period | $ | 120,711 | $ | 97,836 | $ | 128,330 | $ | 93,057 | |||||||
Reserves provided | — | — | — | 19,347 | |||||||||||
Payments | (2,089 | ) | (3,105 | ) | (9,708 | ) | (17,673 | ) | |||||||
Liabilities, end of period | $ | 118,622 | $ | 94,731 | $ | 118,622 | $ | 94,731 |
We entered into an agreement in conjunction with the wind down of Centex's mortgage operations, which ceased loan origination activities in December 2009, that provides a guaranty for one major investor of loans originated by Centex. This guaranty provides that we will honor the potential repurchase obligations of Centex's mortgage operations related to breaches of representations and warranties in the origination of a certain pool of loans. Other than with respect to this pool of loans, our contractual repurchase obligations are limited to our mortgage subsidiaries, which are included in non-guarantor subsidiaries (see Note 11 for a discussion of non-guarantor subsidiaries).
The mortgage subsidiary of Centex also sold loans to a bank for inclusion in residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBSs”) issued by the bank. In connection with these sales, Centex's mortgage subsidiary entered into agreements pursuant to which it may be required to indemnify the bank for losses incurred by investors in the RMBSs arising out of material errors or omissions in certain information provided by the mortgage subsidiary relating to the loans and loan origination process. The bank has notified us that it has been named defendant in two lawsuits alleging various violations of federal and state securities laws asserting that untrue statements of material fact were included in the registration statements used to market the sale of two RMBS transactions, which included $162 million of loans originated by Centex's mortgage subsidiary. The plaintiffs seek unspecified compensatory and/or rescissory damages on behalf of persons who purchased the securities. Neither Centex's mortgage subsidiary nor the Company is named as a defendant in these actions. These actions are in their preliminary stage, and we cannot yet quantify Centex's mortgage subsidiary's potential liability as a result of these indemnification obligations. We do not believe, however, that these matters will have a material adverse impact on the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company. We are aware of six other RMBS transactions with such indemnity provisions that include an aggregate $116 million of loans, however, we are not aware of any current or threatened legal proceedings regarding those transactions.
Community development and other special district obligations
A community development district or similar development authority (“CDD”) is a unit of local government created under various state statutes that utilizes the proceeds from the sale of bonds to finance the construction or acquisition of infrastructure assets of a development. A portion of the liability associated with the bonds, including principal and interest, is assigned to each parcel of land within the development. This debt is typically paid by subsequent special assessments levied by the CDD on the landowners. Generally, we are only responsible for paying the special assessments for the period in which we are the landowner of the applicable parcels. However, in certain limited instances, we record a liability for future assessments that are fixed or determinable for a fixed or determinable period in accordance with ASC 970-470, “Real Estate Debt”. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had recorded $35.7 million and $38.4 million, respectively, in accrued liabilities for outstanding CDD obligations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we repurchased at a discount prior to their maturity CDD obligations with an aggregate principal balance of $26.6 million in order to improve the future financial performance of the related communities. The discount of $5.2 million was recognized as a reduction of cost of revenues over the lives of the applicable communities, which will extend for several years. There were no repurchases during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2012.
25
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Letters of credit and surety bonds
In the normal course of business, we post letters of credit and surety bonds pursuant to certain performance-related obligations, as security for certain land option agreements, and under various insurance programs. The majority of these letters of credit and surety bonds are in support of our land development and construction obligations to various municipalities, other government agencies, and utility companies related to the construction of roads, sewers, and other infrastructure. We had outstanding letters of credit and surety bonds totaling $190.7 million and $1.1 billion at September 30, 2012, respectively, and $235.9 million and $1.2 billion at December 31, 2011, respectively. In the event any such letter of credit or surety bond is drawn upon, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or surety bond. We do not believe that a material amount, if any, of the letters of credit or surety bonds will be called. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates. Rather, we are released from the surety bonds as the underlying performance is completed and accepted by the applicable counterparty. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to the applicable projects but has not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed.
Litigation and regulatory matters
We are involved in various litigation and legal claims in the normal course of our business operations, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. We are also subject to a variety of local, state, and federal laws and regulations related to land development activities, house construction standards, sales practices, mortgage lending operations, employment practices, and protection of the environment. As a result, we are subject to periodic examination or inquiry by various governmental agencies that administer these laws and regulations.
We establish liabilities for legal claims and regulatory matters when such matters are both probable of occurring and any potential loss is reasonably estimable. We accrue for such matters based on the facts and circumstances specific to each matter and revise these estimates as the matters evolve. In such cases, there may exist an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts currently accrued. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these legal and regulatory matters, we generally cannot predict the ultimate resolution of the pending matters, the related timing, or the eventual loss. While the outcome of such contingencies cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the resolution of such matters will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, to the extent the liability arising from the ultimate resolution of any matter exceeds the estimates reflected in the recorded reserves relating to such matter, we could incur additional charges that could be significant.
Allowance for warranties
Home purchasers are provided with a limited warranty against certain building defects, including a one-year comprehensive limited warranty and coverage for certain other aspects of the home’s construction and operating systems for periods of up to ten years. We estimate the costs to be incurred under these warranties and record liabilities in the amount of such costs within Homebuilding home sale revenues at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liabilities include the number of homes sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and the projected cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of the warranty liabilities for each geographic market in which we operate and adjust the amounts as necessary. Actual warranty costs in the future could differ from the current estimates. Changes to warranty liabilities were as follows ($000’s omitted):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Warranty liabilities, beginning of period | $ | 64,364 | $ | 70,521 | $ | 68,025 | $ | 80,195 | |||||||
Reserves provided | 12,593 | 11,858 | 32,014 | 30,966 | |||||||||||
Payments | (10,976 | ) | (12,705 | ) | (34,336 | ) | (40,914 | ) | |||||||
Other adjustments | (1,453 | ) | (827 | ) | (1,175 | ) | (1,400 | ) | |||||||
Warranty liabilities, end of period | $ | 64,528 | $ | 68,847 | $ | 64,528 | $ | 68,847 |
26
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Self-insured risks
We maintain, and require our subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance coverage. We also maintain builders' risk, property, errors and omissions, workers compensation, and other business insurance coverage. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of the risk of loss from claims. However, we retain a significant portion of the overall risk for such claims either through policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries or through our own self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and claims in excess of available insurance policy limits.
Our general liability insurance includes coverage for certain construction defects. While construction defect claims can relate to a variety of circumstances, the majority of our claims relate to alleged problems with siding, plumbing, foundations and other concrete work, windows, roofing, and heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. The availability of general liability insurance for the homebuilding industry and its subcontractors has become increasingly limited, and the insurance policies available require companies to maintain higher per occurrence and aggregate retention levels. In certain instances, we may offer our subcontractors the opportunity to purchase insurance through one of our captive insurance subsidiaries or to participate in a project-specific insurance program provided by the Company. Policies issued by the captive insurance subsidiaries represent self-insurance of these risks by the Company. This self-insured exposure is limited by reinsurance policies that we purchase. General liability coverage for the homebuilding industry is complex, and our coverage varies from policy year to policy year. We are self-insured for a per occurrence deductible, which is capped at an overall aggregate retention level. Beginning with the first dollar, amounts paid on insured claims satisfy our per occurrence and aggregate retention obligations. Any amounts incurred in excess of the occurrence or aggregate retention levels are covered by insurance up to our purchased coverage levels. Our insurance policies, including the captive insurance subsidiaries' reinsurance policies, are maintained with highly-rated underwriters for whom we believe counterparty default risk is not significant.
At any point in time, we are managing over 1,000 individual claims related to general liability, property, errors and omission, workers compensation, and other business insurance coverage. We reserve for costs associated with such claims (including expected claims management expenses relating to legal fees, expert fees, and claims handling expenses) on an undiscounted basis at the time product revenue is recognized for each home closing and periodically evaluate the recorded liabilities based on actuarial analyses of our historical claims. The actuarial analyses calculate estimates of the ultimate net cost of all unpaid losses, including estimates for incurred but not reported losses ("IBNR"). IBNR represents losses related to claims incurred but not yet reported plus development on reported claims. These estimates comprise a significant portion of our liability and are subject to a high degree of uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including changes in claims reporting and resolution patterns, third party recoveries, insurance industry practices, the regulatory environment, and legal precedent. State regulations vary, but construction defect claims are reported and resolved over an extended period often exceeding ten years. In certain instances, we have the ability to recover a portion of our costs under various insurance policies or from subcontractors or other third parties. Estimates of such amounts are recorded when recovery is considered probable.
Our recorded reserves for all such claims totaled $723.8 million at September 30, 2012, the vast majority of which relate to general liability claims. The recorded reserves include loss estimates related to both (i) existing claims and related claim expenses and (ii) IBNR and related claim expenses. Liabilities related to IBNR and related claim expenses represented approximately 79% of the total general liability reserves at September 30, 2012. The actuarial analyses that determine the IBNR portion of reserves consider a variety of factors, including the frequency and severity of losses, which are based on our historical claims experience supplemented by industry data. The actuarial analyses of the reserves also consider historical third party recovery rates and claims management expenses.
Adjustments to reserves are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs. Because the majority of our reserves relates to IBNR, adjustments to reserve amounts for individual existing claims generally do not impact the recorded reserves materially. However, changes in the frequency and timing of reported claims and estimates of specific claim values can impact the underlying inputs and trends utilized in the actuarial analyses, which could have a material impact on the recorded reserves. Because of the inherent uncertainty in estimating future losses related to these claims, actual costs could differ significantly from estimated costs. Costs associated with our insurance programs are classified within selling, general, and administrative expenses.
27
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
Changes in these liabilities were as follows ($000's omitted):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 733,042 | $ | 759,714 | $ | 739,029 | $ | 787,918 | |||||||
Reserves provided | 15,557 | 14,790 | 37,772 | 42,000 | |||||||||||
Payments | (24,773 | ) | (18,104 | ) | (52,975 | ) | (73,518 | ) | |||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 723,826 | $ | 756,400 | $ | 723,826 | $ | 756,400 |
11. Supplemental Guarantor information
All of our senior notes are guaranteed jointly and severally on a senior basis by each of the Company's wholly-owned Homebuilding subsidiaries and certain other wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantors”). Such guaranties are full and unconditional. Supplemental consolidating financial information of the Company, including such information for the Guarantors, is presented below. Investments in subsidiaries are presented using the equity method of accounting. Separate financial statements of the Guarantors are not provided as the consolidating financial information contained herein provides a more meaningful disclosure to allow investors to determine the nature of the assets held by, and the operations of, the combined groups.
28
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
SEPTEMBER 30, 2012
($000’s omitted)
Unconsolidated | Eliminating Entries | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||
PulteGroup, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | |||||||||||||||||
ASSETS | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash and equivalents | $ | 143,561 | $ | 1,337,123 | $ | 82,967 | $ | — | $ | 1,563,651 | |||||||||
Restricted cash | 57,103 | 4,958 | 14,669 | — | 76,730 | ||||||||||||||
House and land inventory | — | 4,466,440 | 4,131 | — | 4,470,571 | ||||||||||||||
Land held for sale | — | 129,523 | — | — | 129,523 | ||||||||||||||
Land, not owned, under option agreements | — | 11,054 | — | — | 11,054 | ||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans available- for-sale | — | — | 263,378 | — | 263,378 | ||||||||||||||
Securities purchased under agreements to resell | 90 | — | (90 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||||
Investments in unconsolidated entities | 1,529 | 26,119 | 3,146 | — | 30,794 | ||||||||||||||
Income taxes receivable | 28,282 | — | — | — | 28,282 | ||||||||||||||
Other assets | (5,196 | ) | 352,877 | 66,393 | — | 414,074 | |||||||||||||
Intangible assets | — | 152,523 | — | — | 152,523 | ||||||||||||||
Investments in subsidiaries and intercompany accounts, net | 5,184,122 | 6,408,166 | 6,262,289 | (17,854,577 | ) | — | |||||||||||||
$ | 5,409,491 | $ | 12,888,783 | $ | 6,696,883 | $ | (17,854,577 | ) | $ | 7,140,580 | |||||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable, customer deposits, accrued and other liabilities | $ | 85,328 | $ | 1,362,632 | $ | 265,457 | $ | — | $ | 1,713,417 | |||||||||
Income tax liabilities | 202,280 | — | — | — | 202,280 | ||||||||||||||
Financial Services debt | — | — | 103,000 | — | 103,000 | ||||||||||||||
Senior notes | 2,999,837 | — | — | — | 2,999,837 | ||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | 3,287,445 | 1,362,632 | 368,457 | — | 5,018,534 | ||||||||||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 2,122,046 | 11,526,151 | 6,328,426 | (17,854,577 | ) | 2,122,046 | |||||||||||||
$ | 5,409,491 | $ | 12,888,783 | $ | 6,696,883 | $ | (17,854,577 | ) | $ | 7,140,580 |
29
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
DECEMBER 31, 2011
($000’s omitted)
Unconsolidated | Eliminating Entries | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||
PulteGroup, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | |||||||||||||||||
ASSETS | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash and equivalents | $ | 119,287 | $ | 875,561 | $ | 88,223 | $ | — | $ | 1,083,071 | |||||||||
Restricted cash | 83,199 | 3,255 | 15,406 | — | 101,860 | ||||||||||||||
House and land inventory | — | 4,632,337 | 4,131 | — | 4,636,468 | ||||||||||||||
Land held for sale | — | 135,307 | — | — | 135,307 | ||||||||||||||
Land, not owned, under option agreements | — | 24,905 | — | — | 24,905 | ||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans available- for-sale | — | — | 258,075 | — | 258,075 | ||||||||||||||
Securities purchased under agreements to resell | 127,327 | — | (127,327 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||||
Investments in unconsolidated entities | 1,527 | 31,836 | 2,625 | — | 35,988 | ||||||||||||||
Income taxes receivable | 27,154 | — | — | — | 27,154 | ||||||||||||||
Other assets | 5,466 | 364,770 | 50,208 | — | 420,444 | ||||||||||||||
Intangible assets | — | 162,348 | — | — | 162,348 | ||||||||||||||
Investments in subsidiaries and intercompany accounts, net | 4,937,002 | 6,533,838 | 6,366,758 | (17,837,598 | ) | — | |||||||||||||
$ | 5,300,962 | $ | 12,764,157 | $ | 6,658,099 | $ | (17,837,598 | ) | $ | 6,885,620 | |||||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable, customer deposits, accrued and other liabilities | $ | 70,690 | $ | 1,310,972 | $ | 273,686 | $ | — | $ | 1,655,348 | |||||||||
Income tax liabilities | 203,313 | — | — | — | 203,313 | ||||||||||||||
Senior notes | 3,088,344 | — | — | — | 3,088,344 | ||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | 3,362,347 | 1,310,972 | 273,686 | — | 4,947,005 | ||||||||||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 1,938,615 | 11,453,185 | 6,384,413 | (17,837,598 | ) | 1,938,615 | |||||||||||||
$ | 5,300,962 | $ | 12,764,157 | $ | 6,658,099 | $ | (17,837,598 | ) | $ | 6,885,620 |
30
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the three months ended September 30, 2012
($000’s omitted)
Unconsolidated | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||
PulteGroup, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminating Entries | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||
Homebuilding | |||||||||||||||||||
Home sale revenues | $ | — | $ | 1,232,704 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,232,704 | |||||||||
Land sale revenues | — | 22,623 | — | — | 22,623 | ||||||||||||||
— | 1,255,327 | — | — | 1,255,327 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services | — | 537 | 46,727 | — | 47,264 | ||||||||||||||
— | 1,255,864 | 46,727 | — | 1,302,591 | |||||||||||||||
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||
Home sale cost of revenues | — | 1,023,704 | — | — | 1,023,704 | ||||||||||||||
Land sale cost of revenues | — | 21,061 | — | — | 21,061 | ||||||||||||||
— | 1,044,765 | — | — | 1,044,765 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services expenses | (5 | ) | 123 | 20,460 | — | 20,578 | |||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | — | 124,410 | 781 | — | 125,191 | ||||||||||||||
Other expense (income), net | (10 | ) | 7,315 | 148 | — | 7,453 | |||||||||||||
Interest income | (55 | ) | (1,141 | ) | (23 | ) | — | (1,219 | ) | ||||||||||
Interest expense | 201 | — | — | — | 201 | ||||||||||||||
Intercompany interest | 159,014 | (155,576 | ) | (3,438 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | — | (150 | ) | (134 | ) | — | (284 | ) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (159,145 | ) | 236,118 | 28,933 | — | 105,906 | |||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | (9,738 | ) | (10,648 | ) | 9,659 | — | (10,727 | ) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (149,407 | ) | 246,766 | 19,274 | — | 116,633 | |||||||||||||
Equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | 266,040 | 19,387 | 183,738 | (469,165 | ) | — | |||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | 116,633 | 266,153 | 203,012 | (469,165 | ) | 116,633 | |||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 58 | — | — | — | 58 | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 116,691 | $ | 266,153 | $ | 203,012 | $ | (469,165 | ) | $ | 116,691 |
31
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the three months ended September 30, 2011
($000’s omitted)
Unconsolidated | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||
PulteGroup, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminating Entries | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||
Homebuilding | |||||||||||||||||||
Home sale revenues | $ | — | $ | 1,101,368 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,101,368 | |||||||||
Land sale revenues | — | 12,659 | — | — | 12,659 | ||||||||||||||
— | 1,114,027 | — | — | 1,114,027 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services | — | 328 | 27,576 | — | 27,904 | ||||||||||||||
— | 1,114,355 | 27,576 | — | 1,141,931 | |||||||||||||||
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||
Home sale cost of revenues | — | 947,817 | — | — | 947,817 | ||||||||||||||
Land sale cost of revenues | — | (2,935 | ) | — | — | (2,935 | ) | ||||||||||||
— | 944,882 | — | — | 944,882 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services expenses | 90 | 58 | 19,158 | — | 19,306 | ||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 6,720 | 114,573 | 260 | — | 121,553 | ||||||||||||||
Other expense (income), net | — | 259,958 | (771 | ) | — | 259,187 | |||||||||||||
Interest income | (79 | ) | (974 | ) | (69 | ) | — | (1,122 | ) | ||||||||||
Interest expense | 322 | — | — | — | 322 | ||||||||||||||
Intercompany interest | 10,648 | (7,215 | ) | (3,433 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (3 | ) | (791 | ) | 1,097 | — | 303 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (17,698 | ) | (196,136 | ) | 11,334 | — | (202,500 | ) | |||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | (2,546 | ) | (73,127 | ) | 2,471 | — | (73,202 | ) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (15,152 | ) | (123,009 | ) | 8,863 | — | (129,298 | ) | |||||||||||
Equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (114,146 | ) | 9,781 | (12,880 | ) | 117,245 | — | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (129,298 | ) | (113,228 | ) | (4,017 | ) | 117,245 | (129,298 | ) | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 64 | — | — | — | 64 | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (129,234 | ) | $ | (113,228 | ) | $ | (4,017 | ) | $ | 117,245 | $ | (129,234 | ) |
32
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012
($000’s omitted)
Unconsolidated | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||
PulteGroup, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminating Entries | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||
Homebuilding | |||||||||||||||||||
Home sale revenues | $ | — | $ | 3,070,895 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 3,070,895 | |||||||||
Land sale revenues | — | 69,770 | — | — | 69,770 | ||||||||||||||
— | 3,140,665 | — | — | 3,140,665 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services | — | 1,367 | 111,000 | — | 112,367 | ||||||||||||||
— | 3,142,032 | 111,000 | — | 3,253,032 | |||||||||||||||
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||
Home sale cost of revenues | — | 2,605,249 | — | — | 2,605,249 | ||||||||||||||
Land sale cost of revenues | — | 62,069 | — | — | 62,069 | ||||||||||||||
— | 2,667,318 | — | — | 2,667,318 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services expenses | 165 | 396 | 62,353 | — | 62,914 | ||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | — | 370,076 | 2,615 | — | 372,691 | ||||||||||||||
Other expense (income), net | (30 | ) | 21,774 | 2,826 | — | 24,570 | |||||||||||||
Interest income | (178 | ) | (3,335 | ) | (69 | ) | — | (3,582 | ) | ||||||||||
Interest expense | 616 | — | — | — | 616 | ||||||||||||||
Intercompany interest | 421,479 | (411,405 | ) | (10,074 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (2 | ) | (3,312 | ) | (522 | ) | — | (3,836 | ) | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (422,050 | ) | 500,520 | 53,871 | — | 132,341 | |||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 9,518 | (14,842 | ) | (9,738 | ) | — | (15,062 | ) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (431,568 | ) | 515,362 | 63,609 | — | 147,403 | |||||||||||||
Equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | 578,971 | 64,123 | 329,332 | (972,426 | ) | — | |||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | 147,403 | 579,485 | 392,941 | (972,426 | ) | 147,403 | |||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 173 | — | — | — | 173 | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 147,576 | $ | 579,485 | $ | 392,941 | $ | (972,426 | ) | $ | 147,576 |
33
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the nine months ended September 30, 2011
($000’s omitted)
Unconsolidated | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||
PulteGroup, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminating Entries | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||
Homebuilding | |||||||||||||||||||
Home sale revenues | $ | — | $ | 2,783,602 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 2,783,602 | |||||||||
Land sale revenues | — | 19,023 | — | — | 19,023 | ||||||||||||||
— | 2,802,625 | — | — | 2,802,625 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services | — | 897 | 70,823 | — | 71,720 | ||||||||||||||
— | 2,803,522 | 70,823 | — | 2,874,345 | |||||||||||||||
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||
Home sale cost of revenues | — | 2,422,525 | — | — | 2,422,525 | ||||||||||||||
Land sale cost of revenues | — | 1,782 | — | — | 1,782 | ||||||||||||||
— | 2,424,307 | — | — | 2,424,307 | |||||||||||||||
Financial Services expenses | 418 | 259 | 78,155 | — | 78,832 | ||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 27,536 | 370,862 | 3,981 | — | 402,379 | ||||||||||||||
Other expense (income), net | 3,537 | 273,450 | (2,222 | ) | — | 274,765 | |||||||||||||
Interest income | (167 | ) | (3,277 | ) | (260 | ) | — | (3,704 | ) | ||||||||||
Interest expense | 990 | — | — | — | 990 | ||||||||||||||
Intercompany interest | 32,051 | (23,947 | ) | (8,104 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (4 | ) | (3,014 | ) | 1,019 | — | (1,999 | ) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (64,361 | ) | (235,118 | ) | (1,746 | ) | — | (301,225 | ) | ||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | (2,188 | ) | (76,810 | ) | 1,982 | — | (77,016 | ) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (62,173 | ) | (158,308 | ) | (3,728 | ) | — | (224,209 | ) | ||||||||||
Equity in income (loss) of subsidiaries | (162,036 | ) | (1,663 | ) | (134,112 | ) | 297,811 | — | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (224,209 | ) | (159,971 | ) | (137,840 | ) | 297,811 | (224,209 | ) | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 86 | — | — | — | 86 | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (224,123 | ) | $ | (159,971 | ) | $ | (137,840 | ) | $ | 297,811 | $ | (224,123 | ) |
34
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012
($000’s omitted)
Unconsolidated | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||
PulteGroup, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminating Entries | ||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | (397,371 | ) | $ | 765,922 | $ | 52,681 | $ | — | $ | 421,232 | ||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||
Distributions from unconsolidated entities | — | 2,696 | — | — | 2,696 | ||||||||||||||
Investments in unconsolidated entities | — | (1,266 | ) | — | — | (1,266 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net change in loans held for investment | — | — | 736 | — | 736 | ||||||||||||||
Change in restricted cash related to letters of credit | 26,096 | — | — | — | 26,096 | ||||||||||||||
Proceeds from the sale of fixed assets | — | 4,705 | — | — | 4,705 | ||||||||||||||
Capital expenditures | — | (8,398 | ) | (2,199 | ) | — | (10,597 | ) | |||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 26,096 | (2,263 | ) | (1,463 | ) | — | 22,370 | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||
Financial Services borrowings (repayments) | — | — | 103,000 | — | 103,000 | ||||||||||||||
Other borrowings (repayments) | (96,393 | ) | 3,900 | — | — | (92,493 | ) | ||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock | 27,432 | — | — | — | 27,432 | ||||||||||||||
Stock repurchases | (961 | ) | — | — | — | (961 | ) | ||||||||||||
Intercompany activities, net | 465,471 | (305,997 | ) | (159,474 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 395,549 | (302,097 | ) | (56,474 | ) | — | 36,978 | ||||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents | 24,274 | 461,562 | (5,256 | ) | — | 480,580 | |||||||||||||
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period | 119,287 | 875,561 | 88,223 | — | 1,083,071 | ||||||||||||||
Cash and equivalents at end of period | $ | 143,561 | $ | 1,337,123 | $ | 82,967 | $ | — | $ | 1,563,651 |
35
PULTEGROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the nine months ended September 30, 2011
($000’s omitted)
Unconsolidated | Consolidated PulteGroup, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||
PulteGroup, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminating Entries | ||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | (22,639 | ) | $ | (141,572 | ) | $ | 4,245 | $ | — | $ | (159,966 | ) | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||
Distributions from unconsolidated entities | — | 4,388 | — | — | 4,388 | ||||||||||||||
Investments in unconsolidated entities | — | (3,749 | ) | — | — | (3,749 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net change in loans held for investment | — | — | 449 | — | 449 | ||||||||||||||
Change in restricted cash related to letters of credit | (89,385 | ) | — | — | — | (89,385 | ) | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from the sale of fixed assets | — | 9,449 | — | — | 9,449 | ||||||||||||||
Capital expenditures | — | (12,133 | ) | (3,029 | ) | — | (15,162 | ) | |||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (89,385 | ) | (2,045 | ) | (2,580 | ) | — | (94,010 | ) | ||||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings (repayments) | (69,311 | ) | 960 | — | — | (68,351 | ) | ||||||||||||
Stock repurchases | (2,021 | ) | — | — | — | (2,021 | ) | ||||||||||||
Intercompany activities, net | 286,384 | (252,468 | ) | (33,916 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 215,052 | (251,508 | ) | (33,916 | ) | — | (70,372 | ) | |||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents | 103,028 | (395,125 | ) | (32,251 | ) | — | (324,348 | ) | |||||||||||
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period | 10,000 | 1,106,623 | 366,767 | — | 1,483,390 | ||||||||||||||
Cash and equivalents at end of period | $ | 113,028 | $ | 711,498 | $ | 334,516 | $ | — | $ | 1,159,042 |
36
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview
The third quarter of 2012 continued many of the favorable trends we experienced earlier in the year as net new orders, closings, revenues, gross margin, and overhead leverage all improved compared with 2011. These factors combined to result in our second consecutive quarterly pretax profit. During the quarter, our net new orders increased 27% over the third quarter of 2011 from 7% fewer active communities. We also continued to lower our unsold ("spec") inventory and generated positive operating cash flow, highlighting some of the benefits of our efforts to improve our capital efficiency. By using our existing land assets more efficiently, allocating capital more effectively, and controlling spec inventory more aggressively, we continued to enhance our balance sheet and position the Company to deliver improved long-term returns.
With each passing quarter, we grow more confident that new home demand has found its footing and is moving along a path toward recovery. The value in new housing resulting from affordable prices, low mortgage rates, escalating rents, and more energy-efficient homes are providing consumers with a compelling reason to buy a new home, especially relative to the ever more expensive rental market. We are encouraged by our results in the first nine months of the year, and our outlook remains optimistic for the remainder of 2012 and into 2013. However, the timing of a broad, sustainable recovery in the homebuilding industry remains uncertain. In the long-term, we continue to believe that the national publicly-traded builders will have a competitive advantage over local builders through their: ability to leverage economies of scale at a local level; access to more reliable and lower cost financing through the capital markets; ability to control and entitle large land positions; and greater geographic and product diversification. Among the national publicly-traded peer group, we believe that builders with more significant land positions, broad geographic and product diversity, and sustainable capital positions will benefit as market conditions recover. We continue to focus on our primary operational objectives:
• | Improving our inventory turns; |
• | More effectively allocating the capital invested in our business toward a more risk-based portfolio approach; |
• | Enhancing revenues through more strategic pricing, including establishing clear business models for each of our brands based on systematic, consumer-driven input, optimizing our pricing through the expanded use of options and lot premiums, and lessening our reliance on spec home sales; |
• | Reducing our house costs through common house plan management, value-engineering our house plans, working with suppliers to reduce costs, and following lean production principles; and |
• | Maintaining an efficient overhead structure. |
Continued focus on our operational objectives, combined with improvements in industry conditions, have resulted in a return to profitability in our homebuilding operations and a significant increase in profits in our financial services businesses. As a result, we expect to be profitable for the full year 2012.
37
The following is a summary of our operating results by line of business ($000's omitted, except per share data):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes: | |||||||||||||||
Homebuilding* | $ | 79,179 | $ | (211,126 | ) | $ | 82,766 | $ | (294,181 | ) | |||||
Financial Services | 26,727 | 8,626 | 49,575 | (7,044 | ) | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 105,906 | (202,500 | ) | 132,341 | (301,225 | ) | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | (10,727 | ) | (73,202 | ) | (15,062 | ) | (77,016 | ) | |||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 116,633 | $ | (129,298 | ) | $ | 147,403 | $ | (224,209 | ) | |||||
Per share data - assuming dilution: | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 0.30 | $ | (0.34 | ) | $ | 0.38 | $ | (0.59 | ) |
* Amounts previously classified as "non-operating" have been reclassified to "Homebuilding" (see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
• | The income before income taxes generated by Homebuilding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 improved compared to the losses in the prior year periods primarily due to the goodwill impairments totaling $240.5 million in the prior year. Additionally, higher revenues, increased gross margins, and improved overhead leverage also contributed favorably during 2012. |
• | The increased Financial Services income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the prior year periods was due to higher origination volume, higher revenue per loan, and improved expense leverage. Additionally, the nine months ended September 30, 2011 included $19.3 million of loss reserves related to contingent loan origination liabilities. |
• | The income tax benefits for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 resulted from the favorable resolution of certain federal and state income tax matters. |
38
Homebuilding Operations
The following is a summary of income (loss) before income taxes for our Homebuilding operations ($000’s omitted):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | 2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Home sale revenues | $ | 1,232,704 | 12 | % | $ | 1,101,368 | $ | 3,070,895 | 10 | % | $ | 2,783,602 | |||||||||
Land sale revenues | 22,623 | 79 | % | 12,659 | 69,770 | 267 | % | 19,023 | |||||||||||||
Total Homebuilding revenues | 1,255,327 | 13 | % | 1,114,027 | 3,140,665 | 12 | % | 2,802,625 | |||||||||||||
Home sale cost of revenues (a) | 1,023,704 | 8 | % | 947,817 | 2,605,249 | 8 | % | 2,422,525 | |||||||||||||
Land sale cost of revenues (b) | 21,061 | (818 | )% | (2,935 | ) | 62,069 | (e) | 1,782 | |||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") | 125,191 | 3 | % | 121,553 | 372,691 | (7 | )% | 402,379 | |||||||||||||
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (243 | ) | (173 | )% | 331 | (3,714 | ) | 92 | % | (1,931 | ) | ||||||||||
Other expense (income), net (c) | 7,453 | (97 | )% | 259,187 | 24,570 | (91 | )% | 274,765 | |||||||||||||
Interest income, net | (1,018 | ) | 27 | % | (800 | ) | (2,966 | ) | 9 | % | (2,714 | ) | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 79,179 | 138 | % | $ | (211,126 | ) | $ | 82,766 | 128 | % | $ | (294,181 | ) | |||||||
Supplemental data: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Gross margin from home sales | 17.0 | % | 310 bps | 13.9 | % | 15.2 | % | 220 bps | 13.0 | % | |||||||||||
SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues | 10.2 | % | (80) bps | 11.0 | % | 12.1 | % | (240) bps | 14.5 | % | |||||||||||
Closings (units) | 4,418 | 5 | % | 4,198 | 11,351 | 3 | % | 10,972 | |||||||||||||
Average selling price | $ | 279 | 6 | % | $ | 262 | $ | 271 | 7 | % | $ | 254 | |||||||||
Net new orders: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Units | 4,544 | 27 | % | 3,564 | 15,113 | 25 | % | 12,131 | |||||||||||||
Dollars (d) | $ | 1,312,490 | 43 | % | $ | 916,552 | $ | 4,257,541 | 36 | % | $ | 3,125,675 | |||||||||
Cancellation rate | 16 | % | 21 | % | 15 | % | 19 | % | |||||||||||||
Active communities at September 30 | 707 | (7 | )% | 761 | |||||||||||||||||
Backlog at September 30: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Units | 7,686 | 49 | % | 5,143 | |||||||||||||||||
Dollars | $ | 2,246,296 | 61 | % | $ | 1,398,636 |
(a) | Includes the amortization of capitalized interest. Home sale cost of revenues also includes land and community valuation adjustments of $2.3 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $9.6 million and $4.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
(b) | Includes net realizable value adjustments for land held for sale of $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $1.3 million and $(0.1) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
(c) | Includes the write-off of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue of $0.9 million and $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $1.8 million and $6.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Also includes goodwill impairments totaling $240.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011. |
(d) | Net new order dollars represent a composite of new order dollars combined with other movements of the dollars in backlog related to cancellations and change orders. |
(e) | Percentage not meaningful. |
39
Home sale revenues
Home sale revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2012 were higher than the prior year period by $131.3 million, or 12%. The increase was attributable to a 6% increase in average selling price, combined with a 5% increase in closings. Home sale revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 were higher than the prior year period by $287.3 million, or 10%. The increase was attributable to a 7% increase in average selling price, combined with a 3% increase in closings. The increase in average selling price for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 reflects an ongoing shift in our revenue mix toward move-up buyers, the favorable impact of newer communities, and improved market conditions. The increase in closings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 was realized from 7% fewer active communities and was concentrated primarily in our North and Southwest segments.
Home sale gross margins
Home sale gross margins were 17.0% and 15.2% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to 13.9% and 13.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. The increase in gross margins over the comparable prior year periods was despite increased capitalized interest amortization, which reduced gross margin by 20 bps and 60 bps, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the comparable prior year periods. The increase in capitalized interest amortization was attributable primarily to debt assumed with our 2009 merger with Centex Corporation ("Centex") and will continue for the near future. Excluding the impact of land and community valuation adjustments and capitalized interest amortization, adjusted home sale gross margins improved to 21.6% and 20.4% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to 18.4% and 17.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively (see the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section for a reconciliation of adjusted home sale gross margins). These improved gross margins reflect a combination of factors, including shifts in the product mix of homes closed, an increased mix of newer communities that are generating higher gross margins than the average of our older communities, better alignment of our product offering with current market conditions, contributions from our strategic pricing and house cost reduction objectives, and improved market conditions.
Land sales
We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sale revenues and their related gains or losses vary between periods, depending on the timing of land sales and our strategic operating decisions. Land sales had margin contributions of $1.6 million and $7.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to $15.6 million and $17.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. These margin contributions included net realizable value adjustments related to land held for sale totaling $0.2 million and $1.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, and $0.1 million and $(0.1) million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
SG&A
In order to reduce overhead costs and drive greater leverage, we have reconfigured our organization in recent years to better align our overhead structure with expected volumes. These actions have included consolidating many local divisions and other field operations along with reducing corporate and support staffing across a number of functions. The gross dollar amount of our SG&A increased $3.6 million, or 3%, for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and decreased $29.7 million, or 7%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the same periods in the prior year. Reflecting our improved overhead leverage, SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues was 10.2% and 12.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared with 11.0% and 14.5% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities was $(0.2) million and $(3.7) million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared with $0.3 million and $(1.9) million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. The majority of our unconsolidated entities represent land development joint ventures. As a result, the timing of income and losses varies between periods depending on the timing of transactions and circumstances specific to each entity.
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Other expense (income), net
Other expense (income), net includes the following ($000’s omitted):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs (Note 3) | $ | 893 | $ | 2,296 | $ | 1,798 | $ | 6,628 | |||||||
Loss on debt retirements (Note 9) | — | — | — | 3,537 | |||||||||||
Lease exit and related costs (Note 2) | 152 | 114 | 6,312 | 6,301 | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 3,275 | 3,275 | 9,825 | 9,825 | |||||||||||
Goodwill impairments | — | 240,541 | — | 240,541 | |||||||||||
Miscellaneous expense (income), net | 3,133 | 12,961 | 6,635 | 7,933 | |||||||||||
$ | 7,453 | $ | 259,187 | $ | 24,570 | $ | 274,765 |
For additional information on each of the above, see the applicable Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Interest income, net
The increase in interest income, net for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 from the comparable prior year periods resulted primarily from higher invested cash balances.
Net new orders
Net new orders increased 27% and 25% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared with the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 while selling from 7% fewer active communities in 2012 (707 at September 30, 2012). The increase in net new orders was broad-based as each of our reportable segments experienced increases for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The cancellation rate (canceled orders for the period divided by gross new orders for the period) was 16% and 15% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to 21% and 19% for the comparable prior year periods. Ending backlog units, which represent orders for homes that have not yet closed, increased 49% at September 30, 2012 compared with September 30, 2011, due to the increase in net new orders.
Homes in production
The following is a summary of our homes in production at September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011:
September 30, 2012 | September 30, 2011 | ||||
Sold | 5,312 | 3,877 | |||
Unsold | |||||
Under construction | 929 | 1,568 | |||
Completed | 566 | 1,318 | |||
1,495 | 2,886 | ||||
Models | 1,120 | 1,320 | |||
Total | 7,927 | 8,083 |
The decrease in homes in production at September 30, 2012 compared to September 30, 2011 is due to our increased focus on inventory turns and reducing homes unsold to customers ("spec homes") largely offset by the significant increase in net new orders compared with the prior year. Included in our total homes in production were 1,495 and 2,886 homes that were spec homes at September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011, respectively, of which 566 and 1,318 homes, respectively, were completed (“final specs”). Lessening our reliance on sales of spec homes is a component of our strategic pricing and inventory turns objectives, so we have focused in 2012 on reducing the level of our spec home inventory, especially our final specs. As a result, our unsold homes in production at September 30, 2012 was 48% lower than at September 30, 2011.
41
Controlled lots
The following is a summary of our lots under control at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
September 30, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Owned | Optioned | Controlled | Owned | Optioned | Controlled | ||||||||||||
Northeast | 9,673 | 2,717 | 12,390 | 10,540 | 2,121 | 12,661 | |||||||||||
Southeast | 13,771 | 2,523 | 16,294 | 15,016 | 3,215 | 18,231 | |||||||||||
Florida | 24,260 | 2,439 | 26,699 | 26,444 | 2,136 | 28,580 | |||||||||||
Texas | 13,079 | 4,173 | 17,252 | 14,759 | 4,231 | 18,990 | |||||||||||
North | 13,693 | 2,061 | 15,754 | 15,084 | 1,676 | 16,760 | |||||||||||
Southwest | 32,350 | 1,496 | 33,846 | 35,090 | 698 | 35,788 | |||||||||||
Total | 106,826 | 15,409 | 122,235 | 116,933 | 14,077 | 131,010 | |||||||||||
Developed (%) | 28 | % | 37 | % | 29 | % | 28 | % | 38 | % | 29 | % |
Of our controlled lots, 106,826 and 116,933 were owned and 9,321 and 10,060 were under option agreements approved for purchase at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. In addition, there were 6,088 and 4,017 lots under option agreements pending approval at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. While we continue to purchase land positions where it makes strategic and economic sense to do so, the reduction in lots resulting from closings, land disposition activity, and withdrawals from land option contracts exceeded the number of lots added by new transactions during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012.
The remaining purchase price related to land under option for use by our Homebuilding operations at future dates totaled $819.3 million at September 30, 2012. These land option agreements, which generally may be canceled at our discretion and in certain cases extend over several years, are secured by deposits and pre-acquisition costs totaling $62.6 million, of which only $2.3 million is refundable.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
This report contains information about our home sale gross margins reflecting certain adjustments. This measure is considered a non-GAAP financial measure under the SEC's rules and should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, the comparable GAAP financial measure as a measure of our operating performance. Management and our local divisions use this measure in evaluating the operating performance of each community and in making strategic decisions regarding sales pricing, construction and development pace, product mix, and other daily operating decisions. We believe it is a relevant and useful measure to investors for evaluating our performance through gross profit generated on homes delivered during a given period and for comparing our operating performance to other companies in the homebuilding industry.
Although other companies in the homebuilding industry report similar information, the methods used may differ. We urge investors to understand the methods used by other companies in the homebuilding industry to calculate gross margins and any adjustments thereto before comparing our measure to that of such other companies.
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The following table sets forth a reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to the GAAP financial measure that management believes to be most directly comparable ($000's omitted):
Home sale gross margin | |||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
Home sale revenues | $ | 1,232,704 | $ | 1,101,368 | $ | 3,070,895 | $ | 2,783,602 | |||||||
Home sale cost of revenues | 1,023,704 | 947,817 | 2,605,249 | 2,422,525 | |||||||||||
Home sale gross margin | 209,000 | 153,551 | 465,646 | 361,077 | |||||||||||
Add: | |||||||||||||||
Land and community valuation adjustments (a) | 385 | 526 | 4,718 | 2,613 | |||||||||||
Capitalized interest amortization (a) | 57,155 | 48,693 | 156,411 | 125,403 | |||||||||||
Adjusted home sale gross margin | $ | 266,540 | $ | 202,770 | $ | 626,775 | $ | 489,093 | |||||||
Home sale gross margin as a percentage of home sale revenues | 17.0 | % | 13.9 | % | 15.2 | % | 13.0 | % | |||||||
Adjusted home sale gross margin as a percentage of home sale revenues | 21.6 | % | 18.4 | % | 20.4 | % | 17.6 | % |
(a) | Write-offs of capitalized interest related to land and community valuation adjustments are reflected in capitalized interest amortization. |
Homebuilding Segment Operations
Our homebuilding operations represent our core business. Homebuilding offers a broad product line to meet the needs of homebuyers in our targeted markets. As of September 30, 2012, we conducted our operations in approximately 60 markets located throughout 29 states. During 2011, we realigned our organizational structure and reportable segment presentation. As part of the change in presentation, we removed the "Other non-operating" distinction. Amounts previously classified within "Other non-operating" have been reclassified to "Other homebuilding." Accordingly, the segment information provided in this note has been reclassified to conform to the current presentation for all periods presented.
Northeast: | Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia | |
Southeast: | Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee | |
Florida: | Florida | |
Texas: | Texas | |
North: | Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Northern California, Ohio, Oregon, Washington | |
Southwest: | Arizona, Colorado, Hawaii, Nevada, New Mexico, Southern California |
We also have one reportable segment for our financial services operations, which consist principally of mortgage banking and title operations. The Financial Services segment operates generally in the same markets as the Homebuilding segments.
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The following tables present selected financial information for our reportable Homebuilding segments:
Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | 2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Home sale revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 186,914 | (5 | )% | $ | 196,834 | $ | 494,590 | 8 | % | $ | 459,129 | |||||||||
Southeast | 194,279 | 6 | % | 182,545 | 494,401 | — | % | 492,431 | |||||||||||||
Florida | 162,657 | 3 | % | 158,437 | 431,525 | 6 | % | 405,554 | |||||||||||||
Texas | 175,835 | — | % | 176,537 | 465,685 | 1 | % | 459,323 | |||||||||||||
North | 276,472 | 34 | % | 206,526 | 635,015 | 24 | % | 512,754 | |||||||||||||
Southwest | 236,547 | 31 | % | 180,489 | 549,679 | 21 | % | 454,411 | |||||||||||||
$ | 1,232,704 | 12 | % | $ | 1,101,368 | $ | 3,070,895 | 10 | % | $ | 2,783,602 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 20,303 | (b) | $ | (55 | ) | $ | 42,940 | (b) | $ | 845 | ||||||||||
Southeast | 21,227 | 42 | % | 14,995 | 40,724 | 43 | % | 28,547 | |||||||||||||
Florida | 23,723 | 34 | % | 17,716 | 46,530 | 95 | % | 23,823 | |||||||||||||
Texas | 18,807 | 52 | % | 12,352 | 34,704 | 48 | % | 23,487 | |||||||||||||
North | 26,494 | (b) | 1,903 | 38,281 | 484 | % | (9,973 | ) | |||||||||||||
Southwest | 27,882 | (12 | )% | 31,542 | 41,817 | 95 | % | 21,472 | |||||||||||||
Other homebuilding (a) | (59,257 | ) | 80 | % | (289,579 | ) | (162,230 | ) | 58 | % | (382,382 | ) | |||||||||
$ | 79,179 | 138 | % | $ | (211,126 | ) | $ | 82,766 | 128 | % | $ | (294,181 | ) | ||||||||
Closings (units): | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | 456 | (11 | )% | 515 | 1,224 | (1 | )% | 1,231 | |||||||||||||
Southeast | 776 | 4 | % | 744 | 1,984 | (2 | )% | 2,032 | |||||||||||||
Florida | 588 | (5 | )% | 621 | 1,633 | (1 | )% | 1,655 | |||||||||||||
Texas | 923 | (4 | )% | 963 | 2,484 | (1 | )% | 2,505 | |||||||||||||
North | 863 | 20 | % | 721 | 2,057 | 12 | % | 1,837 | |||||||||||||
Southwest | 812 | 28 | % | 634 | 1,969 | 15 | % | 1,712 | |||||||||||||
4,418 | 5 | % | 4,198 | 11,351 | 3 | % | 10,972 | ||||||||||||||
Average selling price: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 410 | 7 | % | $ | 382 | $ | 404 | 8 | % | $ | 373 | |||||||||
Southeast | 250 | 2 | % | 245 | 249 | 3 | % | 242 | |||||||||||||
Florida | 277 | 9 | % | 255 | 264 | 8 | % | 245 | |||||||||||||
Texas | 191 | 4 | % | 183 | 187 | 2 | % | 183 | |||||||||||||
North | 320 | 12 | % | 286 | 309 | 11 | % | 279 | |||||||||||||
Southwest | 291 | 2 | % | 285 | 279 | 5 | % | 265 | |||||||||||||
$ | 279 | 6 | % | $ | 262 | $ | 271 | 7 | % | $ | 254 |
(a) | Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets and capitalized interest and other costs not allocated to the operating segments. |
(b) | Percentage not meaningful. |
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The following tables present additional selected financial information for our reportable Homebuilding segments:
Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | 2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Net new orders - units: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | 432 | 11 | % | 390 | 1,599 | 16 | % | 1,378 | |||||||||||||
Southeast | 787 | 26 | % | 625 | 2,384 | 13 | % | 2,108 | |||||||||||||
Florida | 679 | 42 | % | 479 | 2,147 | 16 | % | 1,844 | |||||||||||||
Texas | 978 | 26 | % | 775 | 3,212 | 20 | % | 2,681 | |||||||||||||
North | 939 | 48 | % | 633 | 2,872 | 40 | % | 2,049 | |||||||||||||
Southwest | 729 | 10 | % | 662 | 2,899 | 40 | % | 2,071 | |||||||||||||
4,544 | 27 | % | 3,564 | 15,113 | 25 | % | 12,131 | ||||||||||||||
Net new orders - dollars: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 174,761 | 16 | % | $ | 150,349 | $ | 650,398 | 22 | % | $ | 533,056 | |||||||||
Southeast | 203,810 | 33 | % | 152,897 | 603,628 | 18 | % | 513,675 | |||||||||||||
Florida | 172,465 | 47 | % | 117,714 | 569,053 | 24 | % | 458,136 | |||||||||||||
Texas | 197,050 | 36 | % | 145,120 | 623,972 | 26 | % | 494,496 | |||||||||||||
North | 324,939 | 83 | % | 177,915 | 950,372 | 65 | % | 575,195 | |||||||||||||
Southwest | 239,465 | 39 | % | 172,557 | 860,118 | 56 | % | 551,117 | |||||||||||||
$ | 1,312,490 | 43 | % | $ | 916,552 | $ | 4,257,541 | 36 | % | $ | 3,125,675 | ||||||||||
Cancellation rates: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | 14 | % | 18 | % | 11 | % | 13 | % | |||||||||||||
Southeast | 13 | % | 18 | % | 13 | % | 16 | % | |||||||||||||
Florida | 11 | % | 16 | % | 11 | % | 13 | % | |||||||||||||
Texas | 26 | % | 31 | % | 22 | % | 28 | % | |||||||||||||
North | 12 | % | 19 | % | 13 | % | 17 | % | |||||||||||||
Southwest | 17 | % | 17 | % | 14 | % | 18 | % | |||||||||||||
16 | % | 21 | % | 15 | % | 19 | % | ||||||||||||||
Unit backlog: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | 800 | 14 | % | 703 | |||||||||||||||||
Southeast | 1,002 | 24 | % | 807 | |||||||||||||||||
Florida | 1,172 | 49 | % | 784 | |||||||||||||||||
Texas | 1,553 | 48 | % | 1,050 | |||||||||||||||||
North | 1,524 | 76 | % | 865 | |||||||||||||||||
Southwest | 1,635 | 75 | % | 934 | |||||||||||||||||
7,686 | 49 | % | 5,143 | ||||||||||||||||||
Backlog dollars: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 334,742 | 14 | % | $ | 293,337 | |||||||||||||||
Southeast | 263,760 | 29 | % | 204,909 | |||||||||||||||||
Florida | 311,567 | 54 | % | 202,707 | |||||||||||||||||
Texas | 312,214 | 58 | % | 198,179 | |||||||||||||||||
North | 522,865 | 110 | % | 248,944 | |||||||||||||||||
Southwest | 501,148 | 100 | % | 250,560 | |||||||||||||||||
$ | 2,246,296 | 61 | % | $ | 1,398,636 |
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The following table presents additional selected financial information for our reportable Homebuilding segments:
Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | 2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Land-related charges*: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Northeast | $ | 727 | 258 | % | $ | 203 | $ | 1,350 | (38 | )% | $ | 2,161 | |||||||||
Southeast | 115 | (87 | )% | 856 | 939 | (31 | )% | 1,358 | |||||||||||||
Florida | 80 | (a) | — | 129 | 9 | % | 118 | ||||||||||||||
Texas | 175 | (29 | )% | 246 | 482 | 57 | % | 307 | |||||||||||||
North | 427 | (23 | )% | 557 | 2,623 | (21 | )% | 3,301 | |||||||||||||
Southwest | 3 | (100 | )% | 1,103 | 2,245 | 19 | % | 1,890 | |||||||||||||
Other homebuilding | 1,878 | 94 | % | 968 | 4,855 | 113 | % | 2,284 | |||||||||||||
$ | 3,405 | (13 | )% | $ | 3,933 | $ | 12,623 | 11 | % | $ | 11,419 |
* | Land-related charges include land and community valuation adjustments, net realizable value adjustments for land held for sale, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue. See and to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of these charges. |
(a) | Percentage not meaningful. |
Northeast
For the three months ended September 30, 2012, Northeast home sale revenues decreased 5% compared with the prior year period due to an 11% decrease in closings offset in part by a 7% increase in the average selling price. The decrease in closings was concentrated in the Northeast Corridor and was due to a significant decrease in active communities, while the increase in average selling price occurred primarily in the Mid-Atlantic. The income before income taxes, compared to the loss before income taxes in the prior year period, was primarily due to expense of $19.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2011 related to the write-down of a note receivable and the unfavorable resolution of certain contingencies. Net new orders increased 11%, led by our operations in New England.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, Northeast home sale revenues increased 8% compared with the prior year period due to an 8% increase in the average selling price partially offset by a 1% decrease in closings. The increase in average selling price occurred in the Northeast Corridor and Mid-Atlantic. The slight decrease in closings was due to a moderate decrease in closings in the Northeast Corridor resulting from significantly fewer active communities, offset in large part by a significant increase in closings in New England. The increased income before income taxes was primarily due to expenses of $21.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2011 related to the write-down of a note receivable and the unfavorable resolution of certain contingencies, as well as improved gross margins and overhead leverage. Net new orders increased 16%, led by our operations in New England and the Mid-Atlantic.
Southeast
For the third quarter of 2012, Southeast home sale revenues increased 6% compared with the prior year period due to a 4% increase in closings and a 2% increase in the average selling price. The increase in closing volumes was due to moderate increases in Georgia and Tennessee, despite decreases in active community count. The increase in average selling price was concentrated in Georgia and Tennessee. The increased income before income taxes was due to improved gross margins. Net new orders increased 26% and reflected increases in each of the divisions.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, Southeast home sale revenues were unchanged from the prior year period due to a 2% decrease in closings offset by a 3% increase in the average selling price. The reduction in closing volumes was primarily due to fewer closings in Raleigh and Tennessee, as well as a lower active community count across most divisions. The increase in average selling price was concentrated in Georgia and Tennessee. The increased income before income taxes was due to improved gross margins. Net new orders increased 13% and reflected increases in each of the divisions except Raleigh.
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Florida
Florida home sale revenues increased 3% during the third quarter of 2012 compared with the prior year period due to a 9% increase in the average selling price partially offset by a 5% decrease in closings. The decrease in closings was due to fewer active communities than the prior year period in North Florida. The increase in average selling price occurred across both divisions. The increased income before income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was attributable to significantly improved gross margins. Net new orders increased by 42%, led by North Florida.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, Florida home sale revenues increased 6% compared with the prior year period due to an 8% increase in the average selling price partially offset by a 1% decrease in closings. The decrease in closings was due to fewer closings in South Florida. The increase in average selling price was concentrated in South Florida. The significant increase in income before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was attributable to significantly improved gross margins and better overhead leverage. Net new orders increased by 16% evenly across both North and South Florida.
Texas
For the third quarter of 2012, Texas home sale revenues remained flat with the prior year period due to a 4% increase in the average selling price offset by a 4% decrease in closings. The increase in average selling price was concentrated in Dallas while the decrease in closings was due to a moderate decrease in closing volumes in Central Texas resulting from fewer active communities compared to the prior year. The increased income before income taxes for the quarter was attributable to improved gross margins and overhead leverage. Net new orders increased by 26%, and reflected increases in each of the divisions.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, Texas home sale revenues increased 1% compared with the prior year period due to a 2% increase in the average selling price offset in part by a 1% decrease in closings. The increase in average selling price was concentrated in Dallas while the decrease in closings was due to a moderate decrease in closing volumes in Central Texas resulting from fewer active communities compared to the prior year. The increased income before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was attributable to improved gross margins and overhead leverage. Net new orders increased by 20%, and reflected increases in each of the divisions.
North
For the third quarter of 2012, North home sale revenues increased 34% compared with the prior year period due to a 20% increase in closings combined with a 12% increase in average selling price. The increase in closing volumes was broad-based across all divisions except Illinois. The increase in average selling price occurred at all divisions. The increase in income before income taxes was due to the increased revenues and significantly improved gross margins and overhead leverage. Net new orders increased by 48% compared with the prior year period, and reflected significant increases across all divisions.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, North home sale revenues increased 24% compared with the prior year period due to a 12% increase in closings combined with an 11% increase in average selling price. The increase in closing volumes was broad-based across all divisions except Northern California. The increase in average selling price was also due to increases at all divisions except Michigan, with a significant increase in Minnesota and the Pacific Northwest. The substantial increase in income before income taxes was due to the increased revenues, significantly improved gross margins and overhead leverage, and gains related to land sale transactions. Net new orders increased by 40% compared with the prior year period, and reflected moderate to significant increases across all divisions.
Southwest
Southwest home sale revenues increased 31% during the third quarter of 2012 compared with the prior year period due to a 28% increase in closings and a 2% increase in average selling price. The increase in closing volumes was concentrated in Arizona, Southern California, and Las Vegas. The increase in average selling price was broad-based across all divisions except Southern California and Las Vegas. The decrease in income before income taxes was primarily due to the favorable resolution of certain contingencies that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2011. Net new orders increased by 10%, led by our operations in Southern California and Las Vegas.
47
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, Southwest home sale revenues increased 21% compared with the prior year period due to a 15% increase in closings combined with a 5% increase in average selling price. The increase in closing volumes was concentrated in Arizona. The increase in average selling price occurred across all divisions. The significant increase in income before income taxes was primarily due to the higher revenues, improved gross margins, and better overhead leverage. Net new orders increased by 40% due to significantly improved activity in Arizona, Las Vegas, and Southern California.
Financial Services Operations
We conduct our Financial Services operations, which include mortgage and title operations, through Pulte Mortgage and other subsidiaries. In originating mortgage loans, we initially use our own funds, including funds available pursuant to credit agreements with either third parties or with the Company. We subsequently sell such mortgage loans to outside investors. Substantially all of the loans we originate are sold in the secondary market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. We sell the servicing rights for the loans we originate on a flow basis through fixed price servicing sales contracts to reduce the risks and costs inherent in servicing loans. This strategy results in owning the servicing rights for only a short period of time.
Operating as a captive business model primarily targeted to supporting our Homebuilding operations, the operating results of our Financial Services operations are highly correlated to Homebuilding. Our Homebuilding customers continue to account for substantially all loan production, representing 99% of loan originations for both the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
The following table presents selected financial information for our Financial Services operations ($000’s omitted):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | 2012 | 2012 vs. 2011 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage operations revenues | $ | 41,041 | 82 | % | $ | 22,498 | $ | 96,153 | 67 | % | $ | 57,630 | |||||||||
Title services revenues | 6,223 | 15 | % | 5,406 | 16,214 | 15 | % | 14,090 | |||||||||||||
Total Financial Services revenues | 47,264 | 69 | % | 27,904 | 112,367 | 57 | % | 71,720 | |||||||||||||
Expenses | 20,578 | 7 | % | 19,306 | 62,914 | (20 | )% | 78,832 | |||||||||||||
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (41 | ) | 46 | % | (28 | ) | (122 | ) | 79 | % | (68 | ) | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 26,727 | 210 | % | $ | 8,626 | $ | 49,575 | 804 | % | $ | (7,044 | ) | ||||||||
Total originations: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans | 3,073 | 19 | % | 2,585 | 7,697 | 15 | % | 6,667 | |||||||||||||
Principal | $ | 685,001 | 25 | % | $ | 549,859 | $ | 1,681,321 | 23 | % | $ | 1,363,752 | |||||||||
Supplemental data: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Capture rate | 81.3 | % | 77.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Average FICO score | 742 | 747 | |||||||||||||||||||
Loan application backlog | $ | 1,373,144 | 75 | % | $ | 782,666 | |||||||||||||||
Agency production for funded originations | 98 | % | 99 | % | |||||||||||||||||
FHA agency production | 27 | % | 32 | % |
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Revenues
Total Financial Services revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 increased 69% and 57%, respectively, compared to the respective prior year periods as the result of higher loan origination volumes, an increase in average loan size, and improved loan pricing. The increase in loan origination volumes was due to a higher capture rate, higher Homebuilding closing volumes, and fewer cash sales. Interest income, which is included in mortgage operations revenues, was moderately higher for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 than the comparable prior year periods due to the increase in loan originations.
Since 2007, the mortgage industry has experienced a significant overall tightening of lending standards and a shift toward agency production and fixed rate loans versus adjustable rate mortgages (“ARMs”) and unconventional loans. The substantial majority of loan production during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 consisted of fixed rate loans, the majority of which are prime, conforming loans. The shift toward agency fixed-rate loans has contributed to profitability as such loans generally result in higher profitability due to higher servicing values and structured guidelines that allow for expense efficiencies when processing the loan. Additionally, the historically low interest rate environment in recent periods has contributed to profitability by reducing the level of pricing competition in the market.
Loan origination liabilities
Our mortgage operations may be responsible for losses associated with mortgage loans originated and sold to investors in the event of errors or omissions relating to representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements, including representations as to underwriting standards, the existence of primary mortgage insurance, and the validity of certain borrower representations in connection with the loan. If determined to be at fault, we either repurchase the loans from the investors or reimburse the investors' losses (a “make-whole” payment).
Historically, our overall losses relating to this risk were not significant. Beginning in 2009, however, we experienced a significant increase in losses as a result of the high level of loan defaults and related losses in the mortgage industry and increasing aggressiveness by investors in presenting such claims to us. To date, the significant majority of these losses relates to loans originated in 2006 and 2007, during which period inherently riskier loan products became more common in the mortgage origination market. Given the ongoing volatility in the mortgage industry, our lack of visibility into the current status of the review process of loans by investors, the claim volumes we continue to experience, and uncertainties regarding the ultimate resolution of these claims, it is reasonably possible that future losses may exceed our current estimates. See Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion.
We entered into an agreement in conjunction with the wind down of Centex's mortgage operations, which ceased loan origination activities in December 2009, that provides a guaranty for one major investor of loans originated by Centex. This guaranty provides that we will honor the potential repurchase obligations of Centex's mortgage operations related to breaches of representations and warranties in the origination of a certain pool of loans. Other than with respect to this pool of loans, our contractual repurchase obligations are limited to our mortgage subsidiaries, which are included in non-guarantor subsidiaries (see Note 11 for a discussion of non-guarantor subsidiaries).
The mortgage subsidiary of Centex also sold loans to a bank for inclusion in residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBSs”) issued by the bank. In connection with these sales, Centex's mortgage subsidiary entered into agreements pursuant to which it may be required to indemnify the bank for losses incurred by investors in the RMBSs arising out of material errors or omissions in certain information provided by the mortgage subsidiary relating to the loans and loan origination process. The bank has notified us that it has been named defendant in two lawsuits alleging various violations of federal and state securities laws asserting that untrue statements of material fact were included in the registration statements used to market the sale of two RMBS transactions, which included $162 million of loans originated by Centex's mortgage subsidiary. Neither Centex's mortgage subsidiary nor the Company is named as a defendant in these actions. These actions are in their preliminary stage, and we cannot yet quantify Centex's mortgage subsidiary's potential liability as a result of these indemnification obligations. We do not believe, however, that these matters will have a material adverse impact on the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company. We are aware of six other RMBS transactions with such indemnity provisions that include an aggregate $116 million of loans, however, we are not aware of any current or threatened legal proceedings regarding those transactions.
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Income before income taxes
The improved income before income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to prior year period was due to higher origination volumes, higher revenues per loan, and improved expense leverage. The income before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the loss before income taxes in the prior year period was due to the absence of loss reserves related to contingent loan origination liabilities (see Loan origination liabilities above) in the current year, which totaled $19.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2011, as well as higher origination volumes, higher revenues per loan, and improved expense leverage.
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate is affected by a number of factors, the most significant of which is the valuation allowance recorded against our deferred tax assets and changes in our unrecognized tax benefits. Due to the effects of these factors, our effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 are not correlated to the amount of our pretax income or loss. Our effective tax rates were (10.1)% and 36.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, compared with effective tax rates of (11.4)% and 25.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The income tax benefit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 resulted primarily from the favorable resolution of certain federal and state income tax matters.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We finance our land acquisition, development, and construction activities and financial services operations by using internally-generated funds supplemented by credit arrangements with third parties. We routinely monitor current and expected operational requirements and financial market conditions to evaluate accessing other available financing sources, including revolving bank credit and securities offerings. Based on our current financial condition and credit relationships, we believe that our operations and borrowing resources are sufficient to provide for our current and foreseeable capital requirements. However, we continue to evaluate the impact of market conditions on our liquidity and may determine that modifications are appropriate if market conditions deteriorate, if significant growth returns to the homebuilding industry, or if favorable capital market opportunities become available.
At September 30, 2012, we had unrestricted cash and equivalents of $1.6 billion and senior notes of $3.0 billion. We also had restricted cash balances of $76.7 million, the substantial majority of which related to cash serving as collateral under certain letter of credit facilities. Other financing sources include various letter of credit facilities and surety bond arrangements.
We follow a diversified investment approach for our cash and equivalents by maintaining such funds with a diversified portfolio of banks within our group of relationship banks in high quality, highly liquid, short-term investments, generally money market funds and federal government or agency securities. We monitor our investments with each bank and do not believe our cash and equivalents are exposed to any material risk of loss. However, there can be no assurances that losses of principal balance on our cash and equivalents will not occur.
Our ratio of debt to total capitalization, excluding our Financial Services borrowings, was 58.6% at September 30, 2012, and 39.0% net of cash and equivalents, including restricted cash. These debt-to-capital ratios remain above our desired targets, so we are actively pursuing strategies to reduce our leverage through a combination of cash-generating activities, reducing debt, and returning to consistent profitability.
On October 24, 2012, we announced a tender offer to repurchase up to $1.0 billion of senior notes with maturity dates ranging from 2013 to 2016. The tender offer will be completed in November 2012. These senior notes are currently trading above par value. Accordingly, we expect to record a loss upon repurchasing the tendered notes in the fourth quarter of 2012. The amount of the loss will depend upon the amount of senior notes repurchased and the prices paid for such notes but will not have a material effect on our financial position.
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Credit agreements
We maintain separate cash-collateralized letter of credit agreements with a number of financial institutions. Letters of credit totaling $57.1 million were outstanding under these agreements at September 30, 2012. Under these agreements, we are required to maintain deposits with these financial institutions in amounts approximating the letters of credit outstanding. Such deposits are included in restricted cash.
We also maintain an unsecured letter of credit facility that expires in June 2014. This facility originally permitted the issuance of up to $200.0 million of letters of credit for general corporate purposes in support of any wholly-owned subsidiary. We voluntarily reduced the capacity of this facility to $150.0 million effective July 2, 2012. At September 30, 2012, $133.6 million of letters of credit were outstanding under this facility.
Pulte Mortgage
Pulte Mortgage provides mortgage financing for the majority of our home closings by utilizing its own funds and funds made available pursuant to credit agreements with third parties or through intercompany borrowings. Pulte Mortgage uses these resources to finance its lending activities until the mortgage loans are sold to third party investors, which generally occurs within 30 days. On September 28, 2012, Pulte Mortgage entered into a Master Repurchase Agreement (the “Repurchase Agreement”). The Repurchase Agreement provides for loan purchases of up to $150.0 million, subject to certain sublimits, and expires on September 27, 2013. Borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. At September 30, 2012, Pulte Mortgage had $103.0 million outstanding under the Repurchase Agreement.
The Repurchase Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants, including certain financial covenants. Violations of any of the covenants in the repurchase agreements, if not waived by the lenders or cured, could result in an optional maturity date acceleration by the lenders, which might require repayment of any borrowings. There can be no assurances that we will be able to renew or replace the Repurchase Agreement on commercially reasonable terms upon its expiration. In the event of any of these occurrences, we believe we have adequate liquidity to meet Pulte Mortgage's anticipated financing needs. Prior to entering into the Repurchase Agreement, we funded Pulte Mortgage's financing needs via an intercompany repurchase agreement that remains in place.
Stock repurchase programs
At September 30, 2012, we had remaining authorization to purchase $102.3 million of common stock. There have been no repurchases under authorized stock repurchase programs since 2006.
Cash flows
Operating activities
Our net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $421.2 million, compared with net cash used in operating activities of $160.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. Generally, the primary drivers of our cash flow from operations are profitability and changes in inventory levels. Our positive cash flow from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to our net income of $147.4 million combined with a net decrease in inventories of $161.0 million and an increase in accrued and other liabilities of $63.8 million. The inventory decrease resulted from lower reinvestment in land inventory combined with a reduction in spec homes in production partially offset by a seasonal increase in sold homes in production. Our negative cash flow from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was mainly due to the net loss from operations combined with a seasonal increase in house inventory, investments in new and existing land inventory, and a reduction in accrued and other liabilities.
Investing activities
Net cash provided by investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $22.4 million, compared with net cash used by investing activities of $94.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. The positive cash flow from investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to the $26.1 million decrease in restricted cash we are required to maintain related to our letter of credit facilities, which resulted from a reduction in letters of credit outstanding. The negative cash flow from investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was mainly due to the $89.4 million required to be classified as restricted cash in connection with entering into the cash-collateralized letter of credit facilities.
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Financing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 totaled $37.0 million, compared with net cash used in financing activities of $70.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. The positive cash flow from financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was due to $103.0 million of borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement, as well as $27.4 million from issuance of common stock in connection with stock option exercises, offset in part by the retirement of $96.4 million of senior notes at their scheduled maturity dates in August 2012. The negative cash flow from financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was primarily due to the retirement of $13.9 million of senior notes at their scheduled maturity dates during the first quarter of 2011 and the retirement of $53.0 million of senior notes (which required the use of $55.4 million of cash) prior to their scheduled maturity dates during the second quarter of 2011.
Inflation
We, and the homebuilding industry in general, may be adversely affected during periods of inflation because of higher land and construction costs. Inflation may also increase our financing costs. In addition, higher mortgage interest rates significantly affect the affordability of permanent mortgage financing to prospective homebuyers. While we attempt to pass on to our customers increases in our costs through increased sales prices, this is not always possible based on local market conditions. If we are unable to raise sales prices enough to compensate for higher costs, or if mortgage interest rates increase significantly, our revenues, gross margins, and net income would be adversely affected.
Seasonality
We experience variability in our quarterly results from operations due to the seasonal nature of the homebuilding industry. Historically, we have experienced significant increases in revenues and cash flow from operations during the fourth quarter based on the timing of home closings.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations from those disclosed in our "Contractual Obligations" contained in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We use letters of credit and surety bonds to guarantee our performance under various contracts, principally in connection with the development of our projects. The expiration dates of the letter of credit contracts coincide with the expected completion date of the related homebuilding projects. If the obligations related to a project are ongoing, annual extensions of the letters of credit are typically granted on a year-to-year basis. At September 30, 2012, we had outstanding letters of credit of $190.7 million. Surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather, we are released from the bonds as the contractual performance is completed. These bonds, which approximated $1.1 billion at September 30, 2012, are typically outstanding over a period of approximately three to five years. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to the applicable projects but has not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed.
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of houses in the future. At September 30, 2012, these agreements had an aggregate remaining purchase price of $819.3 million. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. In certain instances, we are required to record the land under option as if we own it. At September 30, 2012, we consolidated certain land option agreements and recorded assets of $11.1 million as land, not owned, under option agreements.
At September 30, 2012, aggregate outstanding debt of unconsolidated joint ventures was $8.3 million, of which our proportionate share of such joint venture debt was $2.0 million. Of our proportionate share of joint venture debt, we provided limited recourse guaranties for $1.1 million at September 30, 2012. See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 compared with those contained in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Quantitative disclosure
The following tables set forth, as of September 30, 2012, our rate-sensitive financing obligations, principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, weighted-average interest rates, and estimated fair value ($000’s omitted).
As of September 30, 2012 for the Years ending December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | Thereafter | Total | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate-sensitive liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed interest rate debt: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior notes | $ | — | $ | 182,221 | $ | 574,590 | $ | 492,491 | $ | 480,000 | $ | 1,300,000 | $ | 3,029,302 | $ | 3,118,116 | |||||||||||||||
Average interest rate | — | % | 5.51 | % | 5.50 | % | 5.23 | % | 6.50 | % | 6.89 | % | 6.21 | % |
Qualitative disclosure
There have been no material changes to the qualitative disclosure found in Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
SPECIAL NOTES CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
As a cautionary note, except for the historical information contained herein, certain matters discussed in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Item 7a, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, are “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results, performance, prospects or opportunities, as well as those of the markets we serve or intend to serve, to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these statements. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate to matters of a strictly factual or historical nature and generally discuss or relate to forecasts, estimates or other expectations regarding future events. Generally, the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “project,” “may,” “can,” “could,” “might,” “will” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, including statements related to expected operating and performing results, planned transactions, planned objectives of management, future developments or conditions in the industries in which we participate and other trends, developments and uncertainties that may affect our business in the future.
Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, among other things: interest rate changes and the availability of mortgage financing; continued volatility in the debt and equity markets; competition within the industries in which PulteGroup operates; the availability and cost of land and other raw materials used by PulteGroup in its homebuilding operations; the impact of any changes to our strategy in responding to continuing adverse conditions in the industry, including any changes regarding our land positions; the availability and cost of insurance covering risks associated with PulteGroup's businesses; shortages and the cost of labor; weather related slowdowns; slow growth initiatives and/or local building moratoria; governmental regulation directed at or affecting the housing market, the homebuilding industry or construction activities; uncertainty in the mortgage lending industry, including revisions to underwriting standards and repurchase requirements associated with the sale of mortgage loans; the interpretation of or changes to tax, labor and environmental laws; economic changes nationally or in PulteGroup's local markets, including inflation, deflation, changes in consumer confidence and preferences and the state of the market for homes in general; legal or regulatory proceedings or claims; required accounting changes; terrorist acts and other acts of war; and other factors of national, regional and global scale, including those of a political, economic, business and competitive nature. See the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 and other public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission for a further discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties applicable to PulteGroup's business. PulteGroup undertakes no duty to update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or changes in PulteGroup's expectations.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management, including our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2012. Based upon, and as of the date of, that evaluation, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2012.
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Total number of shares purchased (2) | Average price paid per share (2) | Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs | Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs ($000’s omitted) | |||||||||||
July 1, 2012 to July 31, 2012 | — | — | — | $ | 102,342 | (1) | ||||||||
August 1, 2012 to August 31, 2012 | — | $ | — | — | $ | 102,342 | (1) | |||||||
September 1, 2012 to September 30, 2012 | 3,620 | $ | 14.75 | — | $ | 102,342 | (1) | |||||||
Total | 3,620 | $ | 14.75 | — |
(1) | Pursuant to the two $100 million stock repurchase programs authorized and announced by our Board of Directors in October 2002 and October 2005 and the $200 million stock repurchase authorized and announced in February 2006 (for a total stock repurchase authorization of $400 million), the Company has repurchased a total of 9,688,900 shares for a total of $297.7 million. There are no expiration dates for the programs. |
(2) | During the third quarter of 2012, a total of 3,620 shares were surrendered by employees for payment of minimum tax obligations upon the vesting or exercise of previously granted stock-based compensation awards. Such shares were not repurchased as part of our publicly-announced stock repurchase programs. |
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Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit Number and Description
3 | (a) | Restated Articles of Incorporation, of PulteGroup, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2009) | |||
(b) | Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated March 18, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010) | ||||
(c) | Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated May 21, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(c) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010) | ||||
(d) | By-laws, as amended, of PulteGroup, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 8, 2009) | ||||
(e) | Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Shares, dated August 6, 2009 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) of our Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2009) | ||||
4 | (a) | Any instrument with respect to long-term debt, where the securities authorized thereunder do not exceed 10% of the total assets of PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries, has not been filed. The Company agrees to furnish a copy of such instruments to the SEC upon request. | |||
(b) | Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 18, 2010, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent, which includes the Form of Rights Certificate as Exhibit B thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A/A filed with the SEC on March 23, 2010) | ||||
10 | (a) | Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of September 28, 2012 among Comerica Bank, as Agent and a Buyer, the other Buyers party hereto and Pulte Mortgage LLC, as Seller (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 2, 2012) | |||
31 | (a) | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Richard J. Dugas, Jr., Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer (Filed herewith) | |||
(b) | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Robert T. O'Shaughnessy, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Filed herewith) | ||||
32 | Certification Pursuant to 18 United States Code § 1350 and Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Filed herewith) | ||||
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | ||||
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | ||||
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | ||||
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | ||||
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | ||||
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
PULTEGROUP, INC. | ||
/s/ Robert T. O'Shaughnessy | ||
Robert T. O'Shaughnessy | ||
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||
(Principal Financial Officer and duly authorized officer) | ||
Date: | October 25, 2012 |
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