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QNB CORP - Quarter Report: 2011 March (Form 10-Q)

Unassociated Document
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC  20549
 

                           
FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)
 
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended                               March 31, 2011                                                                                        
OR
 
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                                                                      to                                                                    

Commission file number     0-17706                              

QNB Corp.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Pennsylvania
23-2318082
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
   
15 North Third Street, P.O. Box 9005 Quakertown, PA
18951-9005
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(Zip Code)

Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code            (215) 538-5600                                                                  

Not Applicable
Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report.

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes ¨ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer  ¨
Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer  ¨
Smaller Reporting Company þ

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Yes ¨ No þ

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

        Class
 
Outstanding at May 10, 2011
Common Stock, par value $0.625
 
3,144,146

 
 

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY
FORM 10-Q
QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2011

INDEX

   
PAGE
       
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
       
ITEM 1.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
   
       
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010
3
 
       
 
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
4
 
       
 
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
5
 
       
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
6
 
       
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
7
 
       
ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
37
 
       
ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
63
 
       
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
63
 
       
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
       
ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
64
 
       
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
64
 
       
ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
64
 
       
ITEM 3.
DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
64
 
       
ITEM 4.
(REMOVED AND RESERVED)
64
 
       
ITEM 5.
OTHER INFORMATION
64
 
       
ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
65
 
       
SIGNATURES
66  
     
CERTIFICATIONS
   

 
- 2 -

 

QNB Corp. and Subsidiary
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

   
(in thousands, except share data)
 
   
(unaudited)
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Assets
           
Cash and due from banks
  $ 8,035     $ 8,498  
Interest-bearing deposits in banks
    18,195       6,414  
Total cash and cash equivalents
    26,230       14,912  
                 
Investment securities
               
Available-for-sale (amortized cost $292,223 and $288,232)
    294,470       290,564  
Held-to-maturity (fair value $1,897 and $2,729)
    1,842       2,667  
Restricted investment in bank stocks
    2,068       2,176  
Loans held-for-sale
    115       228  
Total loans, net of unearned costs
    478,394       482,182  
Allowance for loan losses
    (9,192 )     (8,955 )
Net loans
    469,202       473,227  
Bank-owned life insurance
    9,457       9,439  
Premises and equipment, net
    6,420       6,552  
Accrued interest receivable
    2,955       2,988  
Other assets
    6,686       6,507  
Total assets
  $ 819,445     $ 809,260  
                 
Liabilities
               
Deposits
               
Demand, non-interest bearing
  $ 61,881     $ 55,377  
Interest-bearing demand
    133,820       132,500  
Money market
    68,295       78,802  
Savings
    151,729       118,066  
Time
    193,859       206,629  
Time of $100,000 or more
    97,822       103,603  
Total deposits
    707,406       694,977  
Short-term borrowings
    26,033       29,786  
Long-term debt
    20,306       20,308  
Accrued interest payable
    882       1,089  
Other liabilities
    2,135       2,010  
Total liabilities
    756,762       748,170  
                 
Shareholders' Equity
               
Common stock, par value $0.625 per share; authorized 10,000,000 shares; 3,308,715 shares and 3,293,687 shares issued; 3,144,146 and 3,129,118 shares outstanding
    2,068       2,059  
Surplus
    11,025       10,811  
Retained earnings
    50,583       49,157  
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net
    1,483       1,539  
Treasury stock, at cost; 164,569 shares
    (2,476 )     (2,476 )
Total shareholders' equity
    62,683       61,090  
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
  $ 819,445     $ 809,260  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements
 
 
- 3 -

 

QNB Corp. and Subsidiary
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

   
(in thousands, except share data)
 
   
(unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2011
   
2010
 
Interest Income
           
Interest and fees on loans
  $ 6,714     $ 6,359  
Interest and dividends on investment securities:
               
Taxable
    1,715       1,874  
Tax-exempt
    659       585  
Interest on interest-bearing balances and other interest income
    7       10  
Total interest income
    9,095       8,828  
                 
Interest Expense
               
Interest on deposits
               
Interest-bearing demand
    190       222  
Money market
    94       166  
Savings
    282       141  
Time
    836       1,272  
Time of $100,000 or more
    440       636  
Interest on short-term borrowings
    55       53  
Interest on long-term debt
    241       314  
Total interest expense
    2,138       2,804  
Net interest income
    6,957       6,024  
Provision for loan losses
    650       700  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    6,307       5,324  
                 
Non-Interest Income
               
Total other-than-temporary impairment loss on investment securities
    -       (185 )
Less:  Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income (before taxes)
    -       27  
Net other-than temporary impairment losses on investment securities
    -       (158 )
Net (loss) gain on sale of investment securities
    (43 )     294  
Net (loss) gain on investment securities
    (43 )     136  
Fees for services to customers
    327       405  
ATM and debit card
    328       271  
Bank-owned life insurance
    110       64  
Merchant Income
    62       57  
Net gain on sale of loans
    39       75  
Other
    117       124  
Total non-interest income
    940       1,132  
                 
Non-Interest Expense
               
Salaries and employee benefits
    2,387       2,137  
Net occupancy
    397       369  
Furniture and equipment
    303       282  
Marketing
    175       161  
Third party services
    248       273  
Telephone, postage and supplies
    148       157  
State taxes
    150       140  
FDIC insurance premiums
    262       254  
Other
    350       345  
Total non-interest expense
    4,420       4,118  
Income before income taxes
    2,827       2,338  
Provision for income taxes
    616       512  
Net Income
  $ 2,211     $ 1,826  
Earnings Per Share - Basic
  $ 0.71     $ 0.59  
Earnings Per Share - Diltued
  $ 0.70     $ 0.59  
Cash Dividends Per Share
  $ 0.25     $ 0.24  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements

 
- 4 -

 

QNB Corp. and Subsidiary
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

                            
Accumulated
             
   
Number of
                     
Other
             
(in thousands, except share data)
 
Shares
   
Common
         
Retained
   
Comprehensive
   
Treasury
       
(unaudited)
 
Outstanding
   
Stock
   
Surplus
   
Earnings
   
Income (Loss)
   
Stock
   
Total
 
Balance, December 31, 2010
    3,129,118     $ 2,059     $ 10,811     $ 49,157     $ 1,539     $ (2,476 )   $ 61,090  
Comprehensive income:
                                                       
Net Income
    -       -       -       2,211               -       2,211  
Other comprehensive loss
    -       -       -       -       (56 )     -       (56 )
Total comprehensive income
                                                    2,155  
Cash dividends declared ($0.25 per share)
    -       -       -       (785 )     -       -       (785 )
Stock issued in connection with dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plan
    7,519       4       166       -       -       -       170  
Stock issued for options exercised
    7,509       5       33       -       -       -       38  
Tax benefit of stock options exercised
    -       -       3       -       -       -       3  
Stock-based compensation expense
    -       -       12       -       -       -       12  
Balance, March 31, 2011
    3,144,146     $ 2,068     $ 11,025     $ 50,583     $ 1,483     $ (2,476 )   $ 62,683  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements

 
- 5 -

 

QNB Corp. and Subsidiary
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

   
(in thousands,
 
   
(unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2011
   
2010
 
Operating Activities
           
Net income
  $ 2,211     $ 1,826  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    196       198  
Provision for loan losses
    650       700  
Net losses (gains) on investment securities available-for-sale
    43       (136 )
Net loss on sale of repossessed assets
    8       3  
Net gain on sale of loans
    (39 )     (75 )
Proceeds from sales of residential mortgages held-for-sale
    2,711       2,313  
Originated of residential mortgages held-for-sale
    (2,559 )     (1,704 )
Income on bank-owned life insurance
    (110 )     (64 )
Life insurance premiums
    (3 )     (5 )
Stock-based compensation expense
    12       10  
Deferred income tax benefit
    (52 )     (11 )
Net increase in income taxes payable
    645       422  
Net decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable
    33       (65 )
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights and change in valuation allowance
    22       19  
Net amortization (accretion) of premiums and discounts on investment securities
    313       174  
Net (decrease) increase in accrued interest payable
    (207 )     (160 )
(Increase) decrease in other assets
    (333 )     488  
Decrease in other liabilities
    (396 )     (208 )
Net cash provided by operating activities
    3,145       3,725  
Investing Activities
               
Proceeds from maturities and calls of investment securities
               
available-for-sale
    25,780       37,123  
held-to-maturity
    825       500  
Proceeds from the sale of investment securities
               
available-for-sale
    17,856       2,030  
Purchases of investment securities
               
available-for-sale
    (47,983 )     (49,628 )
Proceeds from redemption of investment in restricted bank stock
    108       -  
Net decrease (increase) in loans
    3,352       (7,413 )
Redemption of Bank Owned Life Insurance investment
    95       -  
Net purchases of premises and equipment
    (64 )     (205 )
Proceeds from sales of repossessed assets
    104       71  
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities
    73       (17,522 )
Financing Activities
               
Net increase in non-interest bearing deposits
    6,504       1,607  
Net increase in interest-bearing non-maturity deposits
    24,476       23,128  
Net (decrease) increase in time deposits
    (18,551 )     3,533  
Net decrease in short-term borrowings
    (3,753 )     (6,602 )
Repayments of long-term debt
    (2 )     (10,000 )
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options
    3       -  
Cash dividends paid, net of reinvestment
    (726 )     (710 )
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
    149       41  
Net cash provided by financing activities
    8,100       10,997  
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
    11,318       (2,800 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    14,912       30,999  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 26,230     $ 28,199  
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
               
Interest paid
  $ 2,345     $ 2,964  
Income taxes paid
    -       100  
Non-cash transactions
               
Transfer of loans to repossessed assets or other real estate owned
    23       57  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements

 
- 6 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of QNB Corp. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, QNB Bank (the Bank). The consolidated entity is referred to herein as “QNB” or the “Company”. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in QNB's 2010 Annual Report incorporated in the Form 10-K. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2011.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for the interim periods and are of a normal and recurring nature. Certain items in the 2010 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 financial statement presentation format.

Tabular information, other than share and per share data, is presented in thousands of dollars.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from such estimates.

The Company has evaluated events and transactions occurring subsequent to the balance sheet date of March 31, 2011, for items that should potentially be recognized or disclosed in these financial statements.

2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2010-06, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Topic 820): Improving Disclosure about Fair Value Measurements. This ASU requires some additional disclosures and clarifies some existing disclosure requirements about fair value measurements as set forth in Codification Subtopic 820-10. The FASB’s objective is to improve these disclosures and, thus, increase transparency in financial reporting. Specifically, ASU 2010-06 amends Codification Subtopic 820-10 to now require:
 
·
A reporting entity to disclose separately the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements and describe the reasons for the transfers; and
 
·
In the reconciliation for fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs, a reporting entity should present separately information about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements.

In addition, ASU 2010-06 clarifies the requirements of the following existing disclosures:
 
·
For purposes of reporting fair value measurements for each class of assets and liabilities, a reporting entity needs to use judgment in determining the appropriate classes of assets and liabilities; and
 
·
A reporting entity should provide disclosures about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for both recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements.

ASU 2010-06 was effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the disclosures about purchases, sales, issuance, and settlements in the roll forward of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements. Those disclosures are effective for fiscal years after December 15, 2010 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the required portions of ASU 2009-16 effective January 1, 2010 and has included the required disclosures.

 
- 7 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)

In January 2011, FASB issued ASU 2011-01, Receivables (Topic 310): Deferral of the Effective Date of Disclosures about Troubled Debt Restructurings in Update No. 2010-20. The amendments in this Update temporarily delay the effective date of the disclosures about troubled debt restructurings in Update 2010-20 for public entities. Under the existing effective date in Update 2010-20, public-entity creditors would have provided disclosures about troubled debt restructurings for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The delay is intended to allow FASB time to complete its deliberations on what constitutes a troubled debt restructuring. The effective date of the new disclosures about troubled debt restructurings for public entities and the guidance for determining what constitutes a troubled debt restructuring will then be coordinated. The deferral in this amendment was effective upon issuance.

In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-02 Receivables (Topic 310) — A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled Debt Restructuring. The troubled debt restructuring (TDR) guidance clarifies whether loan modifications constitute TDRs, includes factors and examples for creditors to consider in evaluating whether a restructuring results in a delay in payment that is insignificant, prohibits creditors from using the borrower’s effective rate test to evaluate whether a concession has been granted to the borrower, and adds factors for creditors to use in determining whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties. A provision in the guidance also ends the FASB’s deferral of the additional disclosures about TDRs. The provisions of this guidance are effective for the first interim and annual period beginning on or after June 15, 2011, and should be applied retrospectively to the beginning of the annual period of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the guidance on the consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-03 Transfers and Servicing (Topic 860) — Reconsideration of Effective Control for Repurchase Agreements. Under the amended guidance, a transferor maintains effective control over transferred financial assets if there is an agreement that both entitles and obligates the transferor to repurchase the financial assets before maturity. In addition, the following requirements must be met: (a) the financial asset to be repurchased or redeemed is the same or substantially the same as those transferred, (b) the agreement is to repurchase or redeem the transferred financial asset before maturity at a fixed or determinable price, and (c) the agreement is entered into contemporaneously with, or in contemplation of the transfer. This guidance is effective prospectively for transactions, or modifications of existing transactions, that occur on or after the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011. The adoption of the guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

QNB sponsors stock-based compensation plans, administered by a committee, under which both qualified and non-qualified stock options may be granted periodically to certain employees. Compensation cost has been measured using the fair value of an award on the grant date and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period.

Stock-based compensation expense was approximately $12,000 and $10,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. As of March 31, 2011, there was approximately $94,000 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation award grants that is expected to be recognized over the next 33 months.

Options are granted to certain employees at prices equal to the market value of the stock on the date the options are granted. The 1998 Plan authorized the issuance of 220,500 shares. The time period during which any option is exercisable under the Plan is determined by the committee but shall not commence before the expiration of six months after the date of grant or continue beyond the expiration of ten years after the date the option is awarded. The granted options vest ratably over a three-year period. As of March 31, 2011, there were 225,058 options granted, 28,444 options forfeited, 114,414 options exercised and 82,200 options outstanding under this Plan. The 1998 Plan expired on March 10, 2008, therefore no further options can be granted under this Plan.

 
- 8 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Continued)
 
The 2005 Plan authorizes the issuance of 200,000 shares. The terms of the 2005 Plan are identical to the 1998 Plan, except options expire five years after the grant date. As of March 31, 2011, there were 100,700 options granted, 29,125 options forfeited and 71,575 options outstanding under this Plan. The 2005 Plan expires March 15, 2015.

The fair value of each option is amortized into compensation expense on a straight-line basis between the grant date for the option and each vesting date. QNB estimated the fair value of stock options on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The model requires the use of numerous assumptions, many of which are highly subjective in nature.

The following assumptions were used in the option pricing model in determining the fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31:

Options granted
 
2011
   
2010
 
Risk-free interest rate
    1.96 %     2.32 %
Dividend yield
    5.02       5.28  
Volatility
    29.83       27.50  
Expected life (years)
    5.00       5.00  

The risk-free interest rate was selected based upon yields of U.S. Treasury issues with a term equal to the expected life of the option being valued. Historical information was the primary basis for the selection of the expected dividend yield, expected volatility and expected lives of the options.

The fair market value of options granted in the first three months of 2011 and 2010 was $3.24 and $2.50, respectively.

Stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2011 is as follows:

   
Number
of options
   
Weighted
average
exercise price
   
Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (in yrs.)
   
Aggregate
intrinsic
value
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2011
    170,515     $ 21.60              
Exercised
    (18,940 )     14.12              
Forfeited
    (14,800 )     26.00              
Granted
    17,000       20.00              
Outstanding at March 31, 2011
    153,775     $ 21.92       2.6     $ 489  
Exercisable at March 31, 2011
    105,725     $ 23.55       2.3     $ 264  

4. SHARE REPURCHASE PLAN

The Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to 100,000 shares of its common stock in open market or privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase authorization does not bear a termination date. There were no shares repurchased during the first quarter of 2011. As of March 31, 2011, 57,883 shares were repurchased under this authorization at an average price of $16.97 and a total cost of $982,000.

 
- 9 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

5. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

For the three months ended March 31,
 
2011
   
2010
 
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share - net income
  $ 2,211     $ 1,826  
Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted average shares outstanding
    3,134,449       3,094,534  
Effect of dilutive securities - employee stock options
    10,790       7,969  
Denominator for diluted earnings per share - adjusted weighted average shares outstanding
    3,145,239       3,102,503  
Earnings per share-basic
  $ 0.71     $ 0.59  
Earnings per share-diluted
  $ 0.70     $ 0.59  

There were 61,850 and 147,300 stock options that were anti-dilutive for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. These stock options were not included in the above calculation.

6. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For QNB, the sole component of other comprehensive income is the unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities.

The following shows the components and activity of comprehensive income during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010:

Three months ended
 
March 31,
2011
   
March 31,
2010
 
Unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during the period
  $ (128 )   $ 1,118  
Unrealized losses related to factors other than credit arising during the period
    -       (27 )
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income
    43       (294 )
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses included in net income
    -       158  
Net unrealized (losses) gains
    (85 )     955  
Tax effect
    29       (324 )
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax effect
    (56 )     631  
Net income
    2,211       1,826  
Total comprehensive income
  $ 2,155     $ 2,457  

 
- 10 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES
 
The amortized cost and estimated fair values of investment securities available-for-sale at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were as follows:

Available-for-Sale
March 31, 2011

         
Gross
   
Gross
       
   
Aggregate
   
unrealized
   
unrealized holding losses
       
   
fair
   
holding
   
Non-credit
         
Amortized
 
   
value
   
gains
   
OTTI
   
Other
   
cost
 
U.S. Government agency securities
  $ 56,422     $ 117       -     $ 874       57,179  
State and municipal securities
    67,698       1,040       -       245       66,903  
U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises (GSEs) - residential:
                    -                  
Mortgage-backed securities
    89,511       2,236       -       366       87,641  
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    74,516       1,593       -       223       73,146  
Other debt securities
    2,428       63     $ 1,197       528       4,090  
Equity securities
    3,895       691       -       60       3,264  
Total investment securities available-for-sale
  $ 294,470     $ 5,740     $ 1,197     $ 2,296     $ 292,223  
 
December 31, 2010
 
           
Gross
   
Gross
         
   
Aggregate
   
unrealized
   
unrealized holding losses
         
   
fair
   
holding
   
Non-credit
           
Amortized
 
   
value
   
gains
   
OTTI
   
Other
   
cost
 
U.S. Government agency securities
  $ 66,448     $ 241       -     $ 869       67,076  
State and municipal securities
    63,588       675       -       514       63,427  
U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises (GSEs) - residential:
                    -                  
Mortgage-backed securities
    78,801       2,438       -       311       76,674  
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    75,573       1,890       -       137       73,820  
Other debt securities
    2,384       69     $ 1,224       550       4,089  
Equity securities
    3,770       667       -       43       3,146  
Total investment securities available-for-sale
  $ 290,564     $ 5,980     $ 1,224     $ 2,424     $ 288,232  

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale by contractual maturity at March 31, 2011 are shown in the following table. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities are assigned to categories based on contractual maturity except for mortgage-backed securities and CMOs which are based on the estimated average life of these securities.

   
Aggregate
   
Amortized
 
   
fair value
   
cost
 
Due in one year or less
  $ 7,096     $ 6,997  
Due after one year through five years
    182,712       179,481  
Due after five years through ten years
    53,589       53,921  
Due after ten years
    47,178       48,560  
Equity securities
    3,895       3,264  
Total investment securities available-for-sale
  $ 294,470     $ 292,223  

 
- 11 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)

Proceeds from sales of investment securities available-for-sale were $17,856,000 and $2,030,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, investment securities available-for-sale totaling $126,445,000 and $133,446,000, respectively, were pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements and deposits of public funds.

The following table presents information related to the Company’s gains and losses on the sales of equity and debt securities, and losses recognized for the other-than-temporary impairment of these investments. Gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are computed on the specific identification method and included in non-interest income. Gross realized losses on equity and debt securities are net of other-than-temporary impairment charges:

Three months ended March 31, 2011:
                       
               
Other-than-
       
   
Gross
   
Gross
   
temporary
       
   
realized
   
realized
   
impairment
   
Net gains
 
   
gains
   
losses
   
losses
   
(losses)
 
Equity securities
  $ 126     $ -     $ -     $ 126  
Debt securities
    184       (353 )     -       (169 )
Total
  $ 310     $ (353 )   $ -     $ (43 )

Three months ended March 31, 2010:
                       
               
Other-than-
       
   
Gross
   
Gross
   
temporary
       
   
realized
   
realized
   
impairment
   
Net gains
 
   
gains
   
losses
   
losses
   
(losses)
 
Equity securities
  $ 287     $ -     $ -     $ 287  
Debt securities
    7       -       (158 )     (151 )
Total
  $ 294     $ -     $ (158 )   $ 136  

All OTTI writedowns on debt securities were on pooled trust preferred securities, which are included in the other debt securities category, held at the Bank.

The tax benefit applicable to the net realized losses for the period ended March 31, 2011 was $15,000. The tax expense applicable to the net realized gains for the period ended March 31, 2010 amounted to $46,000.

 
- 12 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)

QNB recognizes OTTI for debt securities classified as available-for-sale in accordance with FASB ASC 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities, which requires that we assess whether we intend to sell or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current-period credit losses. For debt securities that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and that we do not intend to sell and will not be required to sell prior to recovery of our amortized coast basis, the amount of the impairment is separated into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and is the difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows discounted at the security’s effective yield. The remaining difference between the security’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash flows is due to factors that are not credit related and, therefore, is not required to be recognized as a loss in the income statement, but is recognized in other comprehensive income. For equity securities, once a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the value of the equity security is reduced to fair value and a corresponding charge to earnings is recognized. QNB believes that we will fully collect the carrying value of securities on which we have recorded a non-credit related impairment in other comprehensive income.

The table below presents a rollforward of the credit loss component recognized in earnings. The credit loss component of the amortized cost represents the difference between the present value of expected future cash flows and the amortized cost basis of the security prior to considering credit losses. The beginning balance represents the credit loss component for debt securities for which OTTI occurred prior to January 1, 2011. OTTI recognized in earnings in 2011 for credit-impaired debt securities is presented as additions in two components based upon whether the current period is the first time the debt security was credit-impaired (initial credit impairment) or is not the first time the debt security was credit-impaired (subsequent credit impairments). If we sell, intend to sell or believe we will be required to sell previously credit-impaired debt securities, the credit loss component would be reduced. The following table presents a summary of the cumulative credit-related other-than-temporary impairment charges recognized as components of earnings for debt securities still held by QNB:

Three months ended March 31,
 
2011
 
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 1,279  
Additions:
       
Initial credit impairments
    -  
Subsequent credit impairments
    -  
Balance, end of period
  $ 1,279  
 
The amortized cost and estimated fair values of investment securities held-to-maturity at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were as follows:

Held-To-Maturity
                                               
   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
         
Gross
   
Gross
               
Gross
   
Gross
       
         
unrealized
   
unrealized
   
Aggregate
         
unrealized
   
unrealized
   
Aggregate
 
   
Amortized
   
holding
   
holding
   
fair
   
Amortized
   
holding
   
holding
   
fair
 
   
cost
   
gains
   
losses
   
value
   
cost
   
gains
   
losses
   
value
 
State and municipal securities
  $ 1,842     $ 55       -     $ 1,897     $ 2,667     $ 62       -     $ 2,729  

 
- 13 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities held-to-maturity by contractual maturity at March 31, 2011 are shown in the following table. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

   
Aggregate
   
Amortized
 
   
fair value
   
cost
 
Due in one year or less
    -       -  
Due after one year through five years
    -       -  
Due after five years through ten years
  $ 1,897     $ 1,842  
Due after ten years
    -       -  
Total investment securities held-to-maturity
  $ 1,897     $ 1,842  

There were no sales of investment securities classified as held-to-maturity during the three months ended March 31, 2011 or 2010.

The following table indicates the length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

March 31, 2011
                                     
         
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or longer
   
Total
 
   
No. of
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
   
securities
   
value
   
losses
   
value
   
losses
   
value
   
losses
 
U.S. Government agencies
    32     $ 39,283     $ 874       -       -     $ 39,283     $ 874  
State and municipal securities
    28       13,020       212     $ 963     $ 33       13,983       245  
Mortgage-backed securities
    23       24,862       366       -       -       24,862       366  
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    16       18,263       223       -       -       18,263       223  
Other debt securities
    7       -       -       1,915       1,725       1,915       1,725  
Equity
    7       788       50       184       10       972       60  
Total
    113     $ 96,216     $ 1,725     $ 3,062     $ 1,768     $ 99,278     $ 3,493  

December 31, 2010
                                     
         
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or longer
   
Total
 
   
No. of
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
   
securities
   
value
   
losses
   
value
   
losses
   
value
   
losses
 
U.S. Government agencies
    30     $ 40,179     $ 869       -       -     $ 40,179     $ 869  
State and municipal securities
    40       19,207       482     $ 468     $ 32       19,675       514  
Mortgage-backed securities
    19       21,999       311       -       -       21,999       311  
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    7       6,918       137       -       -       6,918       137  
Other debt securities
    7       -       -       1,866       1,774       1,866       1,774  
Equity securities
    5       740       43       -       -       740       43  
Total
    108     $ 89,043     $ 1,842     $ 2,334     $ 1,806     $ 91,377     $ 3,648  

 
- 14 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)

Management evaluates debt securities, which are comprised of U.S. Government Agencies, state and municipalities, mortgage-backed securities, CMOs and other issuers, for other-than-temporary impairment and considers the current economic conditions, the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, interest rates and the bond rating of each security. The unrealized losses at March 31, 2011 in U.S. Government securities, state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed securities and CMOs are primarily the result of interest rate fluctuations. If held to maturity, these bonds will mature at par, and QNB will not realize a loss. The Company has the intent to hold the securities and does not believe it will be required to sell the securities before recovery occurs.

All of the securities in the other debt securities category with unrealized losses greater than twelve months as of March 31, 2011 are pooled trust preferred security issues. QNB holds eight of these securities with an amortized cost of $3,640,000 and a fair value of $1,915,000. All of the trust preferred securities are available-for-sale securities and are carried at fair value.

The following table provides additional information related to pooled trust preferred securities as of March 31, 2011:

Deal
 
Class
 
Book
value
   
Fair
value
   
Unreal-
ized loss
   
Realized
OTTI
credit
loss
(YTD
2011)
   
Total
Realized
OTTI
Credit
Loss
   
Moody's
/Fitch
ratings
   
Current
number
of banks
   
Current
number of
insurance
companies
   
Actual
deferrals
and defaults
as % of
total
collateral
   
Total
performing
collateral as
a % of
outstanding
bonds
 
PreTSL IV
 
Mezzanine*
  $ 243     $ 206     $ (37 )   $ -     $ (1 )  
Ca/CCC
      5       -       27.1 %     124.0 %
PreTSL V
 
Mezzanine*
    -       -       -       -       (118 )  
Ba3/D
      1       -       100.0 %     11.5 %
PreTSL VI
 
Mezzanine*
    121       117       (4 )     -       (8 )  
Ca/D
      5       -       73.6 %     50.3 %
PreTSL XVII
 
Mezzanine
    752       316       (436 )     -       (222 )  
Ca/C
      46       6       40.2 %     71.6 %
PreTSL XIX
 
Mezzanine
    988       460       (528 )     -       -       C/C       50       14       24.3 %     84.7 %
PreTSL XXV
 
Mezzanine
    766       324       (442 )     -       (222 )     C/C       59       8       37.2 %     71.4 %
PreTSL XXVI
 
Mezzanine
    469       217       (252 )     -       (270 )     C/C       51       10       29.6 %     80.5 %
PreTSL XXVI
 
Mezzanine
    301       275       (26 )     -       (438 )     C/C       51       10       29.6 %     80.5 %
        $ 3,640     $ 1,915     $ (1,725 )   $ -     $ (1,279 )                                        

Mezzanine* - only class of bonds still outstanding (represents the senior-most obligation of the trust)

The market for these securities at March 31, 2011 is not active and markets for similar securities are also not active. The inactivity was evidenced first by a significant widening of the bid-ask spread in the brokered markets in which pooled trust preferred securities trade and then by a significant decrease in the volume of trades relative to historical levels. The new issue market is also inactive and the market values for these securities (and any securities other than those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies) are depressed relative to historical levels. In today’s market, a low market price for a particular bond may only provide evidence of a recent widening of corporate spreads in general versus being an indicator of credit problems with a particular issuer. Lack of liquidity in the market for trust preferred collateralized debt obligations, credit rating downgrades and market uncertainties related to the financial industry are all factors contributing to the temporary impairment of these securities. Although these securities are classified as available-for-sale, the Company has the intent to hold the securities and does not believe it will be required to sell the securities before recovery occurs. As illustrated in the table above, these securities are comprised mainly of securities issued by banks, and to a lesser degree, insurance companies. QNB owns the mezzanine tranches of these securities.

 
- 15 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)

On a quarterly basis we evaluate our debt securities for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI), which involves the use of a third-party valuation firm to assist management with the valuation. When evaluating these investments a credit-related portion and a non-credit related portion of OTTI are determined. The credit related portion is recognized in earnings and represents the expected shortfall in future cash flows. The non-credit related portion is recognized in other comprehensive income and represents the difference between the fair value of the security and the amount of credit related impairment. In the first quarter of 2011,  no other-than-temporary impairment charges representing credit impairment were recognized on our pooled trust preferred collateralized debt obligations. A discounted cash flow analysis provides the best estimate of credit related OTTI for these securities. Additional information related to this analysis follows:

All of the pooled trust preferred collateralized debt obligations held by QNB are rated lower than AA and are measured for OTTI within the scope of ASC 325 (formerly known as EITF 99-20), Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased Beneficial Interests and Beneficial Interests That Continue to be Held by a Transferor in Securitized Financial Assets, and Amendments to the Impairment Guidance of EITF Issue No. 99-20 (formerly known as EITF 99-20-1). QNB performs a discounted cash flow analysis on all of its impaired debt securities to determine if the amortized cost basis of an impaired security will be recovered. In determining whether a credit loss exists, QNB uses its best estimate of the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security and discounts them at the effective yield implicit in the security at the date of acquisition or the prospective yield for those securities with prior OTTI charges. The discounted cash flow analysis is considered to be the primary evidence when determining whether credit related other-than-temporary impairment exists.
 
Results of a discounted cash flow test are significantly affected by other variables such as the estimate of future cash flows (including prepayments), credit worthiness of the underlying banks and insurance companies and determination of probability and severity of default of the underlying collateral. The following provides additional information for each of these variables:
 
 
·
Estimate of Future Cash Flows – Cash flows are constructed in an INTEX desktop valuation model. INTEX is a proprietary cash flow model recognized as the industry standard for analyzing all types of structured debt products. It includes each deal’s structural features updated with trustee information, including asset-by-asset detail, as it becomes available. The modeled cash flows are then used to determine if all the scheduled principal and interest payments of the investments will be returned. For purposes of the cash flow analysis, relatively modest rates of prepayment were forecasted (ranging from 0-2%). In addition to the base prepayment assumption, due to the recent enactment of the Dodd-Frank financial legislation additional prepayment analysis was performed. First, all fixed-rate trust preferred securities issued by banks with more than $15 billion in total assets at December 31, 2009 were identified. Next the holding companies’ approximate cost of long-term funding given their rating and marketplace interest rates were estimated. The following assumption was made; any holding company that could refinance for a cost savings of more than 2% will refinance and will do so on January 1, 2013, or July 1, 2015 for bank holding company subsidiaries of foreign banking organizations that have relied on Supervision and Regulation Letter SR-01-1.
 
 
·
Credit Analysis – A quarterly credit evaluation is performed for the companies comprising the collateral across the various pooled trust preferred securities. This credit evaluation considers all available evidence and focuses on capitalization, asset quality, profitability, liquidity, stock price performance and whether the institution has received TARP funding and whether the institution has shown the ability to raise capital.
 
 
·
Probability of Default – A near-term probability of default is determined for each issuer based on its financial condition and is used to calculate the expected impact of future deferrals and defaults on the expected cash flows. Each issuer in the collateral pool is assigned a near-term probability of default based on individual performance and financial characteristics. Various studies suggest that the rate of bank failures between 1934 and 2008 were approximately 0.36%. Thus, in addition to the specific bank default assumptions used for the near term, future defaults on the individual banks in the analysis are assumed at 0.75% for 2012 (two times historical levels) and for 2013 and beyond the rate used is calculated based upon individual issuers estimated CAMEL rating as projected by VERIBANC®. Banks in the pool are assigned a probability of default based on their unique credit characteristics and market indicators.

 
- 16 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)
 
 
·
Severity of Loss – In addition to the probability of default discussed above, a severity of loss (projected recovery) is determined in all cases. In the current analysis, the severity of loss ranges from 0% to 100% depending on the estimated credit worthiness of the individual issuer, with a 95% severity of loss utilized for deferrals projected in 2011 and thereafter.

In addition to the above factors, the evaluation of impairment also includes a stress test analysis which provides an estimate of future risk for each tranche. This stressed breakpoint is then compared to the level of assets with credit concerns in each tranche. This comparison allows management to identify those pools that are at a greater risk for a future adverse change in cash flows so the asset quality in those pools can be monitored more closely for potential deterioration of credit quality.

Based upon the analysis performed by management as of March 31, 2011, it is probable that we will collect all contractual principal and interest payments on one of our eight pooled trust preferred securities, PreTSL XIX. The expected principal shortfall on the remaining pooled trust preferred securities has resulted in credit related other-than-temporary impairment charges in previous years. All of these pooled trust preferred securities held by QNB could be subject to additional writedowns in the future if additional deferrals and defaults occur.

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs. Interest income is accrued on the principal amount outstanding. Loan origination and commitment fees and related direct costs are deferred and amortized to income over the term of the respective loan and loan commitment period as a yield adjustment.

Loans held-for-sale consist of residential mortgage loans and are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance charged to income. Gains and losses on residential mortgages held-for-sale are included in non-interest income.

QNB maintains an allowance for loan losses, which is intended to absorb probable known and inherent losses in the outstanding loan portfolio. The allowance is reduced by actual credit losses and is increased by the provision for loan losses and recoveries of previous losses. The provisions for loan losses are charged to earnings to bring the total allowance for loan losses to a level considered necessary by management.
 
The allowance for loan losses is based on management’s continuing review and evaluation of the loan portfolio. The level of the allowance is determined by assigning specific reserves to individually identified problem credits and general reserves to all other loans. For such loans that are also classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The portion of the allowance that is allocated to internally criticized and non-accrual loans is determined by estimating the inherent loss on each credit after giving consideration to the value of underlying collateral. The general component covers pools of loans by loan class including commercial loans not considered impaired, as well as smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as residential real estate, home equity and other consumer loans. These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based upon historical loss rates. These loss rates are based on a three year history of charge-offs and are more heavily weighted for recent experience for each of these categories of loans, adjusted for qualitative factors. These qualitative risk factors include:

 
- 17 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)
 
 
1.
Lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge-off and recovery practices. Effect of external factors, such as legal and regulatory requirements.
 
 
2.
National, regional, and local economic and business conditions as well as the condition of various market segments, including the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans.
 
 
3.
Nature and volume of the portfolio including growth.
 
 
4.
Experience, ability, and depth of lending management and staff.
 
 
5.
Volume and severity of past due, classified and nonaccrual loans.
 
 
6.
Quality of the Company’s loan review system, and the degree of oversight by the Company’s Board of Directors.
 
 
7.
Existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations.

Each factor is assigned a value to reflect improving, stable or declining conditions based on management’s best judgment using relevant information available at the time of the evaluation.
 
An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses and is limited by policy to +/- 3% of the calculated amount. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.
 
Management emphasizes loan quality and close monitoring of potential problem credits. Credit risk identification and review processes are utilized in order to assess and monitor the degree of risk in the loan portfolio. QNB’s lending and credit administration staff are charged with reviewing the loan portfolio and identifying changes in the economy or in a borrower’s circumstances which may affect the ability to repay debt or the value of pledged collateral. A loan classification and review system exists that identifies those loans with a higher than normal risk of uncollectibility. Each commercial loan is assigned a grade based upon an assessment of the borrower’s financial capacity to service the debt and the presence and value of collateral for the loan. An independent loan review group tests risk assessments and evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Management meets monthly to review the credit quality of the loan portfolio and quarterly to review the allowance for loan losses.

In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review QNB’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require QNB to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments using information available to them at the time of their examination.

Management believes that it uses the best information available to make determinations about the adequacy of the allowance and that it has established its existing allowance for loan losses in accordance with GAAP. If circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in making determinations, future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary and results of operations could be affected. Because future events affecting borrowers and collateral cannot be predicted with certainty, there can be no assurance that increases to the allowance will not be necessary should the quality of any loans deteriorate as a result of the factors discussed above.

 
- 18 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

Major classes of loans are as follows:
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Commercial:
           
Commercial and industrial
  $ 87,838     $ 86,628  
Construction
    18,390       18,611  
Secured by commercial real estate
    198,165       199,874  
Secured by residential real estate
    45,747       44,444  
State and political subdivisions
    30,566       31,053  
Indirect lease financing
    12,537       12,995  
Retail:
               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    23,169       23,127  
Home equity loans and lines
    59,426       62,726  
Consumer
    2,580       2,751  
Total loans
    478,418       482,209  
Net unearned fees
    (24 )     (27 )
Loans receivable
  $ 478,394     $ 482,182  

Loans secured by commercial real estate include all loans collateralized at least in part by commercial real estate. These loans may not be for the expressed purpose of conducting commercial real estate transactions.

Overdraft deposits are reclassified as loans and are included in consumer loans above and total loans on the balance sheet. At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, overdrafts were $69,000 and $93,000, respectively.

QNB generally lends in its trade area which is comprised of Quakertown and the surrounding communities. To a large extent, QNB makes loans collateralized at least in part by real estate. Its lending activities could be affected by changes in the general economy, the regional economy, or real estate values. At March 31, 2011, there were no concentrations of loans exceeding 10% of total loans other than disclosed in the table above.

The Company engages in a variety of lending activities, including commercial, residential real estate and consumer transactions. The Company focuses its lending activities on individuals, professionals and small to medium sized businesses. Risks associated with lending activities include economic conditions and changes in interest rates, which can adversely impact both the ability of borrowers to repay their loans and the value of the associated collateral.
 
Commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate loans, construction loans and residential real estate loans with a business purpose are generally perceived as having more risk of default than residential real estate loans with a personal purpose and consumer loans. These types of loans involve larger loan balances to a single borrower or groups of related borrowers and are more susceptible to a risk of loss during a downturn in the business cycle. These loans may involve greater risk because the availability of funds to repay these loans depends on the successful operation of the borrower’s business. The assets financed are used within the business for its ongoing operation. Repayment of these kinds of loans generally comes from the cash flow of the business or the ongoing conversions of assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory, to cash. Typical collateral for commercial and industrial loans includes the borrower’s accounts receivable, inventory and machinery and equipment. Commercial real estate and residential real estate loans secured for a business purpose are originated primarily within the eastern Pennsylvania market area at conservative loan-to-value ratios and often by the individual guarantees of the borrowers or owners. Repayment of this kind of loan is dependent upon either the ongoing cash flow of the borrowing entity or the resale of or lease of the subject property. Commercial real estate loans may be affected to a greater extent than residential loans by adverse conditions in real estate markets or the economy because commercial real estate borrowers’ ability to repay their loans depends on successful development of their properties, as well as the factors affecting residential real estate borrowers.

 
- 19 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

Loans to state and political subdivisions are tax-exempt or taxable loans to municipalities, school districts and housing and industrial development authorities. These loans can be general obligations of the municipality or school district repaid through their taxing authority, revenue obligations repaid through the income generated by the operations of the authority, such as a water or sewer authority, or loans issued to a housing and industrial development agency, for which a private corporation is responsible for payments on the loans.

Indirect lease financing receivables represent loans to small businesses that are collateralized by equipment. These loans tend to have higher risk characteristics but generally provide higher rates of return. These loans are originated by a third party and purchased by QNB based on criteria specified by QNB. The criteria include minimum credit scores of the borrower, term of the lease, type and age of equipment financed and geographic area. The geographic area primarily represents states contiguous to Pennsylvania. QNB is not the lessor and does not service these loans.

The Company originates fixed-rate and adjustable-rate real estate-residential mortgage loans for personal purposes that are secured by first liens on the underlying 1-4 family residential properties. Credit risk exposure in this area of lending is minimized by the evaluation of the credit worthiness of the borrower, including debt-to-income ratios, credit scores and adherence to underwriting policies that emphasize conservative loan-to-value ratios of generally no more than 80%. Residential mortgage loans granted in excess of the 80% loan-to-value ratio criterion are generally insured by private mortgage insurance.

The real estate-home equity portfolio consists of fixed-rate home equity loans and variable-rate home equity lines of credit. Risks associated with loans secured by residential properties are generally lower than commercial loans and include general economic risks, such as the strength of the job market, employment stability and the strength of the housing market. Since most loans are secured by a primary or secondary residence, the borrower’s continued employment is the greatest risk to repayment.

The Company offers a variety of loans to individuals for personal and household purposes. Consumer loans are generally considered to have greater risk than first or second mortgages on real estate because they may be unsecured, or, if they are secured, the value of the collateral may be difficult to assess and is more likely to decrease in value than real estate. Credit risk in this portfolio is controlled by conservative underwriting standards that consider debt-to-income levels and the creditworthiness of the borrower and, if secured, collateral values.

The Company employs an eight (8) grade risk rating system related to the credit quality of commercial loans, loans to state and political subdivisions and indirect lease financing of which the first four categories are pass categories (credits not adversely rated). The following is a description of the internal risk ratings and the likelihood of loss related to each risk rating.
1 - Excellent - no apparent risk
2 - Good - minimal risk
3 - Acceptable - average risk
4 - Watch List - greater than average risk
5 - Special Mention - potential weaknesses
6 - Substandard - well defined weaknesses
7 - Doubtful - full collection unlikely
8 - Loss - considered uncollectible

 
- 20 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

The Company maintains a loan review system, which allows for a periodic review of our loan portfolio and the early identification of potential problem loans. Each loan officer assigns a rating to all loans in the portfolio at the time the loan is originated. Loans with risk ratings of one through three are reviewed annually based on the borrower’s fiscal year. Loans with risk ratings of four are reviewed every six to twelve months based on the dollar amount of the relationship with the borrower. Loans with risk ratings of five through eight are reviewed at least quarterly, and as often as monthly, at management’s discretion. The Company also utilizes an outside loan review firm to review the portfolio on a semi-annual basis to provide the Board of Directors and senior management an independent review of the Bank’s loan portfolio on an ongoing basis. These reviews are designed to recognize deteriorating credits in their earliest stages in an effort to reduce and control risk in the lending function as well as identifying potential shifts in the quality of the loan portfolio. The examinations by the outside loan review firm include the review of lending activities with respect to underwriting and processing new loans, monitoring the risk of existing loans and to provide timely follow-up and corrective action for loans showing signs of deterioration in quality. In addition, the outside firm reviews the methodology for the allowance for loan losses to determine compliance to policy and regulatory guidance.

The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company’s internal risk rating system as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

March 31, 2011
 
Pass
   
Special
mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Total
 
Commercial:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 74,020     $ 1,262     $ 12,503     $ 53     $ 87,838  
Construction
    9,964       5,788       2,638       -       18,390  
Secured by commercial real estate
    151,879       6,998       38,608       680       198,165  
Secured by residential real estate
    40,920       1,022       3,805       -       45,747  
State and political subdivisions
    28,247       2,319       -       -       30,566  
Indirect lease financing
    11,932       -       605       -       12,537  
    $ 316,962     $ 17,389     $ 58,159     $ 733     $ 393,243  

December 31, 2010
 
Pass
   
Special
mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Total
 
Commercial:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 74,315     $ 1,378     $ 10,878     $ 57     $ 86,628  
Construction
    9,888       5,993       2,730       -       18,611  
Secured by commercial real estate
    154,697       6,537       37,942       698       199,874  
Secured by residential real estate
    39,823       1,038       3,583       -       44,444  
State and political subdivisions
    28,649       2,338       66       -       31,053  
Indirect lease financing
    12,460       -       535       -       12,995  
    $ 319,832     $ 17,284     $ 55,734     $ 755     $ 393,605  

 
- 21 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

For retail loans, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the performance of the individual credits. The following tables present the recorded investment in the retail classes of the loan portfolio based on payment activity as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

March 31, 2011
 
Performing
   
Non-
performing
   
Total
 
Retail:
                 
1-4 family residential mortgages
  $ 22,603     $ 566     $ 23,169  
Home equity loans and lines
    58,911       515       59,426  
Consumer
    2,580       -       2,580  
    $ 84,094     $ 1,081     $ 85,175  

December 31, 2010
 
Performing
   
Non-
performing
   
Total
 
Retail:
                 
1-4 family residential mortgages
  $ 22,694     $ 433     $ 23,127  
Home equity loans and lines
    62,581       145       62,726  
Consumer
    2,751       -       2,751  
    $ 88,026     $ 578     $ 88,604  

The performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio is also monitored by analyzing the age of the loans receivable as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the past due status as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

March 31, 2011
 
30-59 days
past due
   
60-89 days
past due
   
>90 days
past due
   
Total past
due loans
   
Current
   
Total loans
receivable
 
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 93     $ -     $ 162     $ 255     $ 87,583     $ 87,838  
Construction
    -       -       1,334       1,334       17,056       18,390  
Secured by commercial real estate
    1,220       -       2,871       4,091       194,074       198,165  
Secured by residential real estate
    180       22       238       440       45,307       45,747  
State and political subdivisions
    220       -       -       220       30,346       30,566  
Indirect lease financing
    1,786       198       12       1,996       10,541       12,537  
Retail:
                                               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    218       -       -       218       22,951       23,169  
Home equity loans and lines
    300       36       165       501       58,925       59,426  
Consumer
    38       1       -       39       2,541       2,580  
    $ 4,055     $ 257     $ 4,782     $ 9,094     $ 469,324     $ 478,418  

 
- 22 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

December 31, 2010
 
30-59 days
past due
   
60-89 days
past due
   
>90 days
past due
   
Total past
due loans
   
Current
   
Total loans
receivable
 
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 228     $ 66     $ 197     $ 491     $ 86,137     $ 86,628  
Construction
    39       -       1,334       1,373       17,238       18,611  
Secured by commercial real estate
    527       4,517       3,257       8,301       191,573       199,874  
Secured by residential real estate
    857       125       54       1,036       43,408       44,444  
State and political subdivisions
    -       8       9       17       31,036       31,053  
Indirect lease financing
    495       244       72       811       12,184       12,995  
Retail:
                                               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    668       -       433       1,101       22,026       23,127  
Home equity loans and lines
    220       203       29       452       62,274       62,726  
Consumer
    32       -       -       32       2,719       2,751  
    $ 3,066     $ 5,163     $ 5,385     $ 13,614     $ 468,595     $ 482,209  

The following tables disclose the recorded investment in loans receivable that are either on non-accrual status or past due more than 90 days and still accruing interest as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

March 31, 2011
 
>90 days past
due (still
accruing)
   
Non-accrual
 
Commercial:
           
Commercial and industrial
    -     $ 3,267  
Construction
    -       1,334  
Secured by commercial real estate
    -       4,011  
Secured by residential real estate
    -       660  
State and political subdivisions
    -       6  
Indirect lease financing
  $ 12       230  
Retail:
               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    -       566  
Home equity loans and lines
    -       515  
Consumer
    -       -  
    $ 12     $ 10,589  

 
- 23 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

December 31, 2010
 
>90 Days Past
Due (still
accruing)
   
Non-accrual
 
Commercial:
           
Commercial and industrial
    -     $ 1,082  
Construction
    -       1,334  
Secured by commercial real estate
  $ 259       3,837  
Secured by residential real estate
    -       97  
State and political subdivisions
    9       -  
Indirect lease financing
    -       255  
Retail:
               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    -       433  
Home equity loans and lines
    -       145  
Consumer
    -       -  
    $ 268     $ 7,183  

Activity in the allowance for loan losses is shown below:

Quarter ended March 31,
 
2011
   
2010
 
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 8,955     $ 6,217  
Charge-offs
    (425 )     (599 )
Recoveries
    12       39  
Net charge-offs
    (413 )     (560 )
Provision for loan losses
    650       700  
Balance at end of year
  $ 9,192     $ 6,357  

Additional details for changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and the year December 31, 2010 are as follows:

March 31, 2011
 
Balance,
beginning of
year
   
Provision for
(credit to) loan
losses
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Balance, end
of period
 
Commercial:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 2,136     $ 1,045     $ (65 )   $ 3     $ 3,119  
Construction
    633       27       -       -       660  
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,875       (403 )     (292 )     -       3,180  
Secured by residential real estate
    676       3       (54 )     -       625  
State and political subdivisions
    108       (1 )     -       -       107  
Indirect lease financing
    496       (30 )     -       4       470  
Retail:
                                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    212       (7 )     -       -       205  
Home equity loans and lines
    646       (32 )     (10 )     1       605  
Consumer
    32       (5 )     (4 )     4       27  
Unallocated
    141       53       N/A       N/A       194  
    $ 8,955     $ 650     $ (425 )   $ 12     $ 9,192  

 
- 24 -

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

As previously discussed, the Company maintains a loan review system, which includes a continuous review of the loan portfolio by internal and external parties to aid in the early identification of potential impaired loans. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial loans, loans to state and political subdivisions and indirect lease financing loans by using either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual consumer and residential mortgage loans for impairment disclosures, unless such loans are part of a larger relationship that is impaired, or are classified as a troubled debt restructuring.

An allowance for loan losses is established for an impaired loan if its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. The estimated fair values of the majority of the Company’s impaired loans are measured based on the estimated fair value of the loan’s collateral.

For commercial loans secured by real estate, estimated fair values are determined primarily through third-party appraisals. When a real estate secured loan becomes impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated certified appraisal of the real estate is necessary. This decision is based on various considerations, including the age of the most recent appraisal, the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal and the condition of the property. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value. The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property.

For commercial loans secured by non-real estate collateral, such as accounts receivable, inventory and equipment, estimated fair values are determined based on the borrower’s financial statements, inventory reports, accounts receivable agings or equipment appraisals or invoices. Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets.

A loan is considered to be a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) loan when the Company grants a concession to the borrower because of the borrower’s financial condition that it would not otherwise consider. Such concessions include the reduction of interest rates, forgiveness of principal or interest, or other modifications of interest rates to less than the current market rate for new obligations with similar risk. Loans classified as TDRs are designated as impaired.

TDR loans that are in compliance with their modified terms and that yield a market rate may be removed from the TDR status after a period of performance.

The following tables present the balance in the allowance of loan losses at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment method by class of loans receivable along with the balance of loans receivable by class disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology:

 
- 25 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

    
Allowance for Loan Losses
   
Loans Receivable
 
March 31, 2011
 
Balance
   
Balance
related to
loans
individually
evaluated for
impairment
   
Balance
related to
loans
collectively
evaluated for
impairment
   
Balance
   
Balance 
individually
evaluated for
impairment
   
Balance
collectively
evaluated for
impairment
 
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 3,119     $ 1,907     $ 1,212     $ 87,838     $ 9,670     $ 78,168  
Construction
    660       400       260       18,390       2,638       15,752  
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,180       316       2,864       198,165       12,457       185,708  
Secured by residential real estate
    625       153       472       45,747       2,690       43,057  
State and political subdivisions
    107       -       107       30,566       -       30,566  
Indirect lease financing
    470       52       418       12,537       252       12,285  
Retail:
                                               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    205       101       104       23,169       172       22,997  
Home equity loans and lines
    605       92       513       59,426       692       58,734  
Consumer
    27       -       27       2,580       -       2,580  
Unallocated
    194       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A  
    $ 9,192     $ 3,021     $ 5,977     $ 478,418     $ 28,571     $ 449,847  

    
Allowance for Loan Losses
   
Loans Receivable
 
December 31, 2010
 
Balance
   
Balance
related to
loans
individually
evaluated for
impairment
   
Balance
related to
loans
collectively
evaluated for
impairment
   
Balance
   
Balance 
individually
evaluated for
impairment
   
Balance
collectively
evaluated for
impairment
 
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 2,136     $ 878     $ 1,258     $ 86,628     $ 4,710     $ 81,918  
Construction
    633       370       263       18,611       2,650       15,961  
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,875       687       3,188       199,874       9,213       190,661  
Secured by residential real estate
    676       179       497       44,444       2,624       41,820  
State and political subdivisions
    108       -       108       31,053       -       31,053  
Indirect lease financing
    496       64       432       12,995       275       12,720  
Retail:
                                               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    212       41       171       23,127       606       22,521  
Home equity loans and lines
    646       62       584       62,726       785       61,941  
Consumer
    32       -       32       2,751       -       2,751  
Unallocated
    141       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A  
    $ 8,955     $ 2,281     $ 6,533     $ 482,209     $ 20,863     $ 461,346  

The following tables summarize additional information in regards to impaired loans by loan portfolio class as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

 
- 26 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

March 31, 2011
 
Recorded
investment
(after charge-
offs)
   
Unpaid
principal
balance
   
Related
allowance
   
Average
recorded
investment
   
Interest
income
recognized
 
With no specific allowance recorded:
                             
Commercial:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 6,532     $ 6,543     $ -              
Construction
    1,304       1,304       -              
Secured by commercial real estate
    8,605       8,611       -              
Secured by residential real estate
    1,688       1,688       -              
State and political subdivisions
    -       -       -              
Indirect lease financing
    60       65       -              
Retail:
                                   
1-4 family residential mortgages
    -       -       -              
Home equity loans and lines
    410       410       -              
Consumer
    -       -       -              
    $ 18,599     $ 18,621     $ -              
                                     
With an allowance recorded:
                                   
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 3,138     $ 3,138     $ 1,907              
Construction
    1,334       1,340       400              
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,852       3,992       316              
Secured by residential real estate
    1,002       1,003       153              
State and political subdivisions
    -       -       -              
Indirect lease financing
    192       217       52              
Retail:
                                   
1-4 family residential mortgages
    172       172       101              
Home equity loans and lines
    282       282       92              
Consumer
    -       -       -              
    $ 9,972     $ 10,144     $ 3,021              
                                     
Total:
                                   
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 9,670     $ 9,681     $ 1,907     $ 5,837     $ 51  
Construction
    2,638       2,644       400       2,773       20  
Secured by commercial real estate
    12,457       12,603       316       9,667       94  
Secured by residential real estate
    2,690       2,691       153       1,978       20  
State and political subdivisions
    -       -       -       -       -  
Indirect lease financing
    252       282       52       256       1  
Retail:
                                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    172       172       101       172       -  
Home equity loans and lines
    692       692       92       1,366       18  
Consumer
    -       -       -       -       -  
    $ 28,571     $ 28,765     $ 3,021     $ 22,049     $ 204  
 
 
- 27 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

December 31, 2010
 
Recorded
investment
(after charge-
offs)
   
Unpaid
principal
balance
   
Related
allowance
 
With no specific allowance recorded:
                 
Commercial:
                 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 3,218     $ 3,225     $ -  
Construction
    1,316       1,316       -  
Secured by commercial real estate
    5,495       5,497       -  
Secured by residential real estate
    1,558       1,558       -  
State and political subdivisions
    -       -       -  
Indirect lease financing
    55       60       -  
Retail:
                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    434       436       -  
Home equity loans and lines
    492       492       -  
Consumer
    -       -       -  
    $ 12,568     $ 12,584     $ -  
                         
With an allowance recorded:
                       
Commercial:
                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 1,492     $ 1,492     $ 878  
Construction
    1,334       1,340       370  
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,718       3,821       687  
Secured by residential real estate
    1,066       1,066       179  
State and political subdivisions
    -       -       -  
Indirect lease financing
    220       239       64  
Retail:
                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    172       172       41  
Home equity loans and lines
    293       293       62  
Consumer
    -       -       -  
    $ 8,295     $ 8,423     $ 2,281  
                         
Total:
                       
Commercial:
                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 4,710     $ 4,717     $ 878  
Construction
    2,650       2,656       370  
Secured by commercial real estate
    9,213       9,318       687  
Secured by residential real estate
    2,624       2,624       179  
State and political subdivisions
    -       -       -  
Indirect lease financing
    275       299       64  
Retail:
                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    606       608       41  
Home equity loans and lines
    785       785       62  
Consumer
    -       -       -  
    $ 20,863     $ 21,007     $ 2,281  
 
 
- 28 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, defines fair value as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants (fair values are not adjusted for transaction costs). ASC 820 also establishes a framework (fair value hierarchy) for measuring fair value under GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation methods used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

 
Level 1:    Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
 
Level 2:    Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
 
Level 3:    Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported with little or no market activity).

An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The measurement of fair value should be consistent with one of the following valuation techniques: market approach, income approach, and/or cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (including a business). For example, valuation techniques consistent with the market approach often use market multiples derived from a set of comparables. Multiples might lie in ranges with a different multiple for each comparable. The selection of where within the range the appropriate multiple falls requires judgment, considering factors specific to the measurement (qualitative and quantitative). Valuation techniques consistent with the market approach include matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique used principally to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities, but rather by relying on the security’s relationship to other benchmark quoted securities.

For financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used were as follows:

March 31, 2011
 
Quoted prices in
active markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant other
observable input
(Level 2)
   
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
   
Balance at end of
period
 
Securities available-for-sale
                       
U.S. Government agencies
    -     $ 56,422       -     $ 56,422  
State and municipal securities
    -       67,698       -       67,698  
U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises (GSEs) - residential
                               
Mortgage-backed securities
    -       89,511       -       89,511  
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    -       74,516       -       74,516  
Other debt securities
    -       513     $ 1,915       2,428  
Equity securities
  $ 3,895       -       -       3,895  
Total
  $ 3,895     $ 288,660     $ 1,915     $ 294,470  
 
 
- 29 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (Continued)

December 31, 2010
 
Quoted prices in
active markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant other
observable input
(Level 2)
   
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
   
Balance at end of
period
 
Securities available-for-sale
                       
U.S. Government agencies
    -     $ 66,448       -     $ 66,448  
State and municipal securities
    -       63,588       -       63,588  
U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises (GSEs) - residential
                               
Mortgage-backed securities
    -       78,801       -       78,801  
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    -       75,573       -       75,573  
Other debt securities
    -       518     $ 1,866       2,384  
Equity securities
  $ 3,770       -       -       3,770  
Total
  $ 3,770     $ 284,928     $ 1,866     $ 290,564  

The following table presents additional information about the securities available-for-sale measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which QNB utilized significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs) to determine fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2011:

   
Fair value measurements using
 
   
significant unobservable inputs
 
   
(Level 3)
 
Balance, beginning of year
  $ 1,866  
Settlements
    -  
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized)
    -  
Included in earnings
    -  
Included in other comprehensive income
    49  
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
    -  
Balance, March 31, 2011
  $ 1,915  

There were no transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements during the period ended March 31, 2011. There were also no transfers in or out of level 3 for the same period. There were $0 and $158,000 of losses included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to the available-for-sale securities above with fair value measurements utilizing significant unobservable inputs for the periods ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

The Level 3 securities consist of eight collateralized debt obligation securities that are backed by trust preferred securities issued by banks, thrifts, and insurance companies (PreTSLs). The market for these securities at March 31, 2011 is not active and markets for similar securities also are not active. The inactivity was evidenced first by a significant widening of the bid-ask spread in the brokered markets in which PreTSLs trade and then by a significant decrease in the volume of trades relative to historical levels. The new issue market is also inactive and there are currently very few market participants who are willing and or able to transact for these securities.

 
- 30 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (Continued)

Given conditions in the debt markets today and the absence of observable transactions in the secondary and new issue markets, we determined:
 
·
The few observable transactions and market quotations that are available are not reliable for purposes of determining fair value at March 31, 2011;
 
·
An income valuation approach technique (present value technique) that maximizes the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs will be equally or more representative of fair value than the market approach valuation technique used at prior measurement dates; and
 
·
PreTSLs will be classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because significant adjustments are required to determine fair value at the measurement date.

The Bank is aware of several factors indicating that recent transactions of PreTSL securities are not orderly including an increased spread between bid/ask prices, lower sales transaction volumes for these types of securities, and a lack of new issuances. As a result, the Bank engaged an independent third party to value the securities using a discounted cash flow analysis. The estimated cash flows are based on specific assumptions about defaults, deferrals and prepayments of the trust preferred securities underlying each PreTSL. The resulting collateral cash flows are allocated to the bond waterfall using the INTEX desktop valuation model.

The estimates for the conditional default rates (CDR) are based on the payment characteristics of the trust preferred securities themselves (e.g. current, deferred, or defaulted) as well as the financial condition of the trust preferred issuers in the pool. A near-term CDR for each issuer in the pool is estimated based on their financial condition using key financial ratios relating to the financial institution’s capitalization, asset quality, profitability and liquidity. In addition to the specific bank default assumptions, default rates are modeled to two times historic levels throughout 2012. In 2013 and beyond the CDR rate is calculated based upon individual issuers’ estimated CAMEL rating as projected by VERIBANC®.

The base loss severity assumption is 95%. The severity factor for near-term CDRs is vectored to reflect the relative expected performance of the institutions modeled to default, with lower forecasted severities used for the higher quality institutions. The long-term loss severity is modeled at 95%.

Prepayments are modeled to take into account the disruption in the asset-backed securities marketplace and the lack of new trust preferred issuances. For purposes of the cash flow analysis, relatively modest rates of prepayment were forecasted (ranging from 0-2%). In addition to the base prepayment assumption, due to the recent enactment of the Dodd-Frank financial legislation additional prepayment analysis was performed. First, all fixed rate trust preferred securities issued by banks with more than $15 billion in total assets at December 31, 2009 were identified. Next the holding companies’ approximate cost of long-term funding given their rating and marketplace interest rates were estimated. The following assumption was made; any holding company that could refinance for a cost savings of more than 2% will refinance and will do so on January 1, 2013, or July 1, 2015 for bank holding company subsidiaries of foreign banking organizations that have relied on Supervision and Regulation Letter SR-01-1.

The internal rate of return is the pre-tax yield used to discount the best estimate of future cash flows after credit losses. The cash flows have been discounted using estimated market discount rates of 3 month LIBOR plus spreads ranging from 4.43% to 9.55%. The determination of appropriate market discount rates involved the consideration of the following:
 
·
the time value of money
 
·
the price for bearing uncertainty in cash flows
 
·
other factors that would be considered by market participants
The analysis of discount rates involved the review of corporate bond spreads for banks, U.S. Treasury yields, credit default swap rates for financial companies (utilized as a proxy for credit), the swap/LIBOR yield curve and the characteristics of the individual securities being valued.

 
- 31 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (Continued)

For assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

   
Quoted prices in
active markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant other
observable input
(Level 2)
   
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
   
Balance at end of
period
 
March 31, 2011
                       
Mortgage servicing rights
  $ -     $ -     $ 502     $ 502  
Impaired loans
    -       -       6,951       6,951  
                                 
December 31, 2010
                               
Mortgage servicing rights
  $ -     $ -     $ 504     $ 504  
Impaired loans
    -       -       6,014       6,014  

The following information should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Company since a fair value calculation is only provided for a limited portion of QNB’s assets and liabilities. Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between QNB’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of each major classification of financial instrument and non-financial asset at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

Cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in banks, Federal funds sold, accrued interest receivable and accrued interest payable (carried at cost): The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet approximate those assets’ fair value.

Investment securities available for sale (carried at fair value) and held-to-maturity (carried at amortized cost): The fair value of securities are determined by obtaining quoted market prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1), or matrix pricing (Level 2), which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices. For certain securities which are not traded in active markets or are subject to transfer restrictions, valuations are adjusted to reflect illiquidity and/or non-transferability, and such adjustments are generally based on available market evidence (Level 3). In the absence of such evidence, management’s best estimate is used. Management’s best estimate consists of both internal and external support on certain Level 3 investments. Cash flow models using a present value formula that includes assumptions market participants would use along with indicative exit pricing obtained from broker/dealers (where available) were used to support fair values of certain Level 3 investments.

Restricted investment in bank stocks (carried at cost): The fair value of stock in Atlantic Central Bankers Bank and the Federal Home Loan Bank is the carrying amount, based on redemption provisions, and considers the limited marketability of such securities.

Loans Held for Sale (carried at lower of cost or fair value): The fair value of loans held for sale is determined, when possible, using quoted secondary market prices. If no such quoted prices exist, the fair value of a loan is determined using quoted prices for a similar loan or loans, adjusted for the specific attributes of that loan.

 
- 32 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (Continued)

Loans Receivable (carried at cost): The fair values of loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using market rates at the balance sheet date that reflect the credit and interest rate-risk inherent in the loans. Projected future cash flows are calculated based upon contractual maturity or call dates, projected repayments and prepayments of principal. Generally, for variable rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values.
 
Impaired Loans (generally carried at fair value): Impaired loans are loans, in which the Company has measured impairment generally based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral. Fair value is generally determined based upon independent third-party appraisals of the properties, or discounted cash flows based upon the expected proceeds. These assets are included as Level 3 fair values, based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. The fair value of impaired loans as of March 31, 2011 consists of loan balances of $9,972,000 less a valuation allowance of $3,021,000. The fair value of impaired loans as of December 31, 2010 consists of loan balances of $8,295,000 less a valuation allowance of $2,281,000.

Mortgage Servicing Rights (carried at lower of cost or fair value): The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net servicing income. The mortgage servicing rights are startified into tranches based on predominant characteristics, such as interest rate, loan type and investor type. The valuation incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income.

Certain tranches of mortgage servicing rights, which are carried at lower of cost or fair value, were written down to fair value during the quarter. The ending valuation allowance is $13,000 at March 31, 2011.

Foreclosed assets (other real estate owned and repossessed assets): Foreclosed assets are the only non-financial assets valued on a non-recurring basis which are held by the Company at fair value, less cost to sell. At foreclosure or repossession, if the fair value, less estimated costs to sell, of the collateral acquired (real estate, vehicles, equipment) is less than the Company’s recorded investment in the related loan, a write-down is recognized through a charge to the allowance for loan losses. Additionally, valuations are periodically performed by management and any subsequent reduction in value is recognized by a charge to income. The fair value of foreclosed assets held-for-sale is estimated using Level 3 inputs based on observable market data.

Deposit liabilities (carried at cost): The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity (e.g. demand deposits, interest-bearing demand accounts, money market accounts and savings accounts) are by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e. their carrying amounts). This approach to estimating fair value excludes the significant benefit that results from the low-cost funding provided by such deposit liabilities, as compared to alternative sources of funding. Deposits with a stated maturity (time deposits) have been valued using the present value of cash flows discounted at rates approximating the current market for similar deposits.

Short-term borrowings (carried at cost): The carrying amount of short-term borrowings approximates their fair values.

Long-term debt (carried at cost): The fair values of FHLB advances and securities sold under agreements to repurchase are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on quoted prices for new long-term debt with similar credit risk characteristics, terms and remaining maturity. These prices obtained from this active market represent a fair value that is deemed to represent the transfer price if the liability were assumed by a third party.

Off-balance-sheet instruments (disclosed at cost): The fair values for the Bank’s off-balance sheet instruments (lending commitments and letters of credit) are based on fees currently charged in the market to enter into similar agreements, taking into account, the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing.

 
- 33 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (Continued)

Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments; however, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique. Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimates herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could have realized in a sales transaction on the dates indicated. The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of the respective period ends and have not been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. As such, the estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent to the respective reporting dates may be different than the amounts reported at each period end.

The estimated fair values and carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments are summarized as follows:

   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Carrying
   
Estimated
   
Carrying
   
Estimated
 
   
amount
   
fair value
   
amount
   
fair value
 
Financial Assets
                       
Cash and due from banks
  $ 8,035     $ 8,035     $ 8,498     $ 8,498  
Interest-bearing deposits in banks
    18,195       18,195       6,414       6,414  
Investment securities available-for-sale
    294,470       294,470       290,564       290,564  
Investment securities held-to-maturity
    1,842       1,897       2,667       2,729  
Restricted investment in bank stocks
    2,068       2,068       2,176       2,176  
Loans held-for-sale
    115       118       228       228  
Net loans
    469,202       452,236       473,227       458,040  
Mortgage servicing rights
    502       607       504       620  
Accrued interest receivable
    2,955       2,955       2,988       2,988  
                                 
Financial Liabilities
                               
Deposits with no stated maturities
    415,725       415,725       384,745       384,745  
Deposits with stated maturities
    291,681       293,252       310,232       312,016  
Short-term borrowings
    26,033       26,033       29,786       29,786  
Long-term debt
    20,306       21,459       20,308       21,666  
Accrued interest payable
    882       882       1,089       1,089  

The estimated fair value of QNB’s off-balance sheet financial instruments is as follows:

   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
   
Notional
   
Estimated
   
Notional
   
Estimated
 
   
amount
   
fair value
   
amount
   
fair value
 
Commitments to extend credit
  $ 107,228     $ -     $ 103,012     $ -  
Standby letters of credit
    13,542       -       13,519       -  
 
 
- 34 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

10. OFF-BALANCE-SHEET FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND GUARANTEES

In the normal course of business there are various legal proceedings, commitments, and contingent liabilities which are not reflected in the financial statements. Management does not anticipate any material losses as a result of these transactions and activities. They include, among other things, commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. The maximum exposure to credit loss, which represents the possibility of sustaining a loss due to the failure of the other parties to a financial instrument to perform according to the terms of the contract, is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. QNB uses the same lending standards and policies in making credit commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. The activity is controlled through credit approvals, control limits, and monitoring procedures.

A summary of the Bank's financial instrument commitments is as follows:

   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
Commitments to extend credit and unused lines of credit
  $ 107,228     $ 103,012  
Standby letters of credit
    13,542       13,519  
    $ 120,770     $ 116,531  

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. QNB evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the financial or performance obligation of a customer to a third party. QNB’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. These standby letters of credit expire within three years. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending other loan commitments. The Bank requires collateral and personal guarantees supporting these letters of credit as deemed necessary. Management believes that the proceeds obtained through a liquidation of such collateral and the enforcement of personal guarantees would be sufficient to cover the maximum potential amount of future payments required under the corresponding guarantees. The amount of the liability as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 for guarantees under standby letters of credit issued is not material.

The amount of collateral obtained for letters of credit and commitments to extend credit is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral varies, but may include real estate, accounts receivable, marketable securities, pledged deposits, inventory or equipment.

11. REGULATORY RESTRICTIONS

Dividends payable by the Company and the Bank are subject to various limitations imposed by statutes, regulations and policies adopted by bank regulatory agencies. Under Pennsylvania banking law, the Bank is subject to certain restrictions on the amount of dividends that it may declare without prior regulatory approval. Under Federal Reserve regulations, the Bank is limited as to the amount it may lend affiliates, including QNB Corp., unless such loans are collateralized by specific obligations.

 
- 35 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

11. REGULATORY RESTRICTIONS (Continued)

Both the Company and the Bank are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by Federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate actions by regulators that could have an effect on the financial statements. Under the framework for prompt corrective action, both the Company and the Bank must meet capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators. Management believes, as of March 31, 2011, that the Company and the Bank met capital adequacy requirements to which they were subject.

As of the most recent notification, the primary regulator of the Bank considered it to be “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the classification. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Company and the Bank must maintain minimum ratios as set forth in the table below.

The Company and the Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are presented as follows:

    
Capital Levels
 
   
Actual
   
Adequately Capitalized
   
Well Capitalized
 
As of March 31, 2011
 
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
Total Risk-Based Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                   
Consolidated
  $ 68,595       12.10 %   $ 45,342       8.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    64,412       11.44 %     45,052       8.00 %   $ 56,315       10.00 %
                                                 
Tier I Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    61,200       10.80 %     22,671       4.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    57,346       10.18 %     22,526       4.00 %     33,789       6.00 %
                                                 
Tier I Capital (to Average Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    61,200       7.59 %     32,252       4.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    57,346       7.14 %     32,109       4.00 %     40,136       5.00 %

    
Capital Levels
 
   
Actual
   
Adequately Capitalized
   
Well Capitalized
 
As of December 31, 2010
 
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
Total Risk-Based Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                   
Consolidated
  $ 66,932       11.82 %   $ 45,289       8.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    62,901       11.18 %     44,995       8.00 %   $ 56,243       10.00 %
                                                 
Tier I Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    59,551       10.52 %     22,644       4.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    55,847       9.93 %     22,497       4.00 %     33,746       6.00 %
                                                 
Tier I Capital (to Average Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    59,551       7.42 %     32,086       4.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    55,847       6.99 %     31,947       4.00 %     39,934       5.00 %
 
 
- 36 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

QNB Corp. (herein referred to as QNB or the Company) is a bank holding company headquartered in Quakertown, Pennsylvania. The Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, QNB Bank (the Bank), has been serving the residents and businesses of upper Bucks, northern Montgomery and southern Lehigh counties in Pennsylvania since 1877. The Bank is a locally managed community bank that provides a full range of commercial and retail banking and retail brokerage services.

Tabular information presented throughout management’s discussion and analysis, other than share and per share data, is presented in thousands of dollars.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

In addition to historical information, this document contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words or phrases such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “project” and variations of such words and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may” or similar expressions. The U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor in regard to the inclusion of forward-looking statements in this document and documents incorporated by reference.

Shareholders should note that many factors, some of which are discussed elsewhere in this document and in the documents that are incorporated by reference, and including the risk factors identified in Item 1A of QNB’s 2010 Form 10-K, could affect the future financial results of the Company and its subsidiary and could cause those results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this document. These factors include, but are not limited, to the following:
 
·
Volatility in interest rates and shape of the yield curve;
 
·
Credit risk;
 
·
Liquidity risk;
 
·
Operating, legal and regulatory risks;
 
·
Economic, political and competitive forces affecting the Company’s line of business;
 
·
The risk that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) could levy additional insurance assessments on all insured institutions in order to replenish the Deposit Insurance Fund based on the level of bank failures in the future; and
 
·
The risk that the analysis of these risks and forces could be incorrect, and/or that the strategies developed to address them could be unsuccessful.

QNB cautions that these forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, all of which change over time, and QNB assumes no duty to update forward-looking statements. Management cautions readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. These statements speak only as of the date of this report on Form 10-Q, even if subsequently made available by QNB on its website or otherwise, and they advise readers that various factors, including those described above, could affect QNB’s financial performance and could cause actual results or circumstances for future periods to differ materially from those anticipated or projected. Except as required by law, QNB does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to publicly release any revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

 
- 37 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations are based on the consolidated financial statements of QNB, which are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and predominant practices within the banking industry. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires QNB to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. QNB evaluates estimates on an on-going basis, including those related to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the determination of the valuation of other real estate owned and foreclosed assets, other-than-temporary impairments on investment securities, the determination of impairment of restricted bank stock, the valuation of deferred tax assets, stock-based compensation and income taxes. QNB bases its estimates on historical experience and various other factors and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Other-Than-Temporary Investment Security Impairment
Securities are evaluated periodically to determine whether a decline in their value is other-than-temporary. Management utilizes criteria such as the magnitude and duration of the decline, in addition to the reasons underlying the decline, to determine whether the loss in value is other-than-temporary. The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the prospect for a near-term recovery of value is not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. For equity securities, once a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the value of the equity security is reduced and a corresponding charge to earnings is recognized.

The Company follows accounting guidance related to the recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairment that specifies (a) if a company does not have the intent to sell a debt security prior to recovery and (b) it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery, the security would not be considered other-than-temporarily impaired unless there is a credit loss. When an entity does not intend to sell the security, and it is more likely than not, the entity will not have to sell the security before recovery of its cost basis, it will recognize the credit component of an other-than-temporary impairment of a debt security in earnings and the remaining portion in other comprehensive income. For held to maturity debt securities, the amount of an other-than-temporary impairment recorded in other comprehensive income for the noncredit portion of a previous other-than-temporary impairment should be amortized prospectively over the remaining life of the security on the basis of the timing of future estimated cash flows of the security.

During the first quarter of 2010 QNB recorded a credit-related other-than-temporary impairment charge of $158,000 on three of its pooled trust preferred securities. There were no credit-related other-than-temporary impairment charges in the first quarter of 2011.

Impairment of Restricted Investment in Bank Stocks
Restricted bank stock is comprised of restricted stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (FHLB) and the Atlantic Central Bankers Bank. Federal law requires a member institution of the FHLB to hold stock of its district bank according to a predetermined formula. These restricted securities are carried at cost.
 
In December 2008, the FHLB of Pittsburgh notified member banks that it was suspending dividend payments and the repurchase of capital stock to preserve capital. Management’s determination of whether these investments are impaired is based on their assessment of the ultimate recoverability of their cost rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recoverability of their cost is influenced by criteria such as (1) the significance of the decline in net assets of the FHLB as compared to the capital stock amount for the FHLB and the length of time this situation has persisted, (2) commitments by the FHLB to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to the operating performance of the FHLB, and (3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, on the customer base of the FHLB.

 
- 38 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES (Continued)
  
On October 28, 2010 and February 22, 2011, the FHLB announced their decision to have a limited excess capital stock repurchase. QNB received $115,000 on October 29, 2010 and another $108,000 on February 23, 2011. On April 28, 2011 the FHLB announced an additional limited excess capital stock repurchase and QNB received $103,000 on April 29, 2011. Further repurchases will be evaluated quarterly by the FHLB. Management believes no impairment charge is necessary related to the restricted stock balance as of March 31, 2011.

Allowance for Loan Losses
QNB considers that the determination of the allowance for loan losses involves a higher degree of judgment and complexity than its other significant accounting policies. The allowance for loan losses is calculated with the objective of maintaining a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb probable known and inherent losses in the outstanding loan portfolio. The allowance is reduced by actual credit losses and is increased by the provision for loan losses and recoveries of previous losses. The provisions for loan losses are charged to earnings to bring the total allowance for loan losses to a level considered necessary by management.

The allowance for loan losses is based on management’s continual review and evaluation of the loan portfolio. The level of the allowance is determined by assigning specific reserves to individually identified problem credits and general reserves to all other loans. The portion of the allowance that is allocated to impaired loans is determined by estimating the inherent loss on each credit after giving consideration to the value of underlying collateral. The general reserves are based on the composition and risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, including the nature of the loan portfolio, credit concentration trends, delinquency and loss experience, as well as other qualitative factors such as current economic trends.

Management emphasizes loan quality and close monitoring of potential problem credits. Credit risk identification and review processes are utilized in order to assess and monitor the degree of risk in the loan portfolio. QNB’s lending and credit administration staff are charged with reviewing the loan portfolio and identifying changes in the economy or in a borrower’s circumstances which may affect the ability to repay debt or the value of pledged collateral. A loan classification and review system exists that identifies those loans with a higher than normal risk of uncollectibility. Each commercial loan is assigned a grade based upon an assessment of the borrower’s financial capacity to service the debt and the presence and value of collateral for the loan. An independent loan review group tests risk assessments and evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Management meets monthly to review the credit quality of the loan portfolio and quarterly to review the allowance for loan losses.

In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review QNB’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require QNB to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

Management believes that it uses the best information available to make determinations about the adequacy of the allowance and that it has established its existing allowance for loan losses in accordance with GAAP. If circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in making determinations, future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary and results of operations could be affected. Because future events affecting borrowers and collateral cannot be predicted with certainty, increases to the allowance may be necessary should the quality of any loans deteriorate as a result of the factors discussed above.

 
- 39 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES (Continued)

Foreclosed Assets
Assets acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are held-for-sale and are initially recorded at fair value less cost to sell at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Revenue and expenses and changes in the valuation allowance are included in net expenses from foreclosed assets.

Stock-Based Compensation
QNB sponsors stock-based compensation plans, administered by a board committee, under which both qualified and non-qualified stock options may be granted periodically to certain employees. QNB accounts for all awards granted under stock-based compensation plans in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. Compensation cost has been measured using the fair value of an award on the grant date and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period. The fair value of each option is amortized into compensation expense on a straight-line basis between the grant date for the option and each vesting date. QNB estimates the fair value of stock options on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The model requires the use of numerous assumptions, many of which are highly subjective in nature.

Income Taxes
QNB accounts for income taxes under the asset/liability method in accordance with income tax accounting guidance, ASC 740, Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established against deferred tax assets when, in the judgment of management, it is more likely than not that such deferred tax assets will not become available. Because the judgment about the level of future taxable income is dependent to a great extent on matters that may, at least in part, be beyond QNB’s control, it is at least reasonably possible that management’s judgment about the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets could change in the near term.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - OVERVIEW

QNB Corp. earns its net income primarily through its subsidiary, QNB Bank. Net interest income, or the spread between the interest, dividends and fees earned on loans and investment securities and the expense incurred on deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities, is the primary source of operating income for QNB. QNB seeks to achieve sustainable and consistent earnings growth while maintaining adequate levels of capital and liquidity and limiting its exposure to credit and interest rate risk to levels approved by the Board of Directors. Due to its limited geographic area, comprised principally of upper Bucks, southern Lehigh and northern Montgomery counties, growth is pursued through expansion of existing customer relationships and building new relationships by stressing a consistently high level of service at all points of contact.

QNB reported net income for the first quarter of 2011 of $2,211,000, or $0.70 per share on a diluted basis. This represents a 21.1% increase compared to net income of $1,826,000, or $0.59 per share on a diluted basis, for the same period in 2010. The results for the first quarter of 2011 represent a record quarter for QNB and reflect higher net interest income, resulting from a wider net interest margin and a slightly lower provision for credit losses.

Net income expressed as an annualized rate of return on average assets and average shareholders’ equity was 1.11% and 14.72%, respectively, for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 compared with 0.99% and 13.31% for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.

 
- 40 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – OVERVIEW (Continued)

Net interest income for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 totaled $6,957,000, an increase of $933,000, or 15.5%, over the same period in 2010. The first quarter net interest margin was 3.89% compared to 3.64% for the first quarter of 2010. The improvement in net interest income and the net interest margin compared with the first quarter of 2010 primarily resulted from the impact of lower deposit costs partially offset by lower yields on investment securities. The interest rate paid on interest-bearing deposits declined by 51 basis points to 1.17% for the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010. The decline in the rate paid on deposits largely resulted from the repricing of time deposits, interest bearing transaction accounts and money market accounts at lower market rates. Lower-cost time deposits was the greatest contributor with the average rate paid on time deposits declining 66 basis points from 2.39% for the first quarter of 2010 to 1.73% for the first quarter of 2011. In comparison, the average rate earned on investment securities declined from 4.38% for the first quarter of 2010 to 3.75% for the first quarter of 2011, a decline of 63 basis points while the average yield on loans increased by one basis point to 5.85%.

Average earning assets grew by $58,664,000, or 8.1%, with average loans increasing 5.7% and average investment securities increasing 15.1% when comparing the first quarter of 2011 to the same period in 2010. The growth in loans was mainly related to real estate secured commercial loans and to a lesser degree commercial and industrial loans and tax-exempt loans. On the funding side, average deposits increased $56,086,000, or 8.8%, with average transaction accounts increasing $80,636,000, or 25.4%. The growth in transaction accounts is largely due to the success of QNB's Online eSavings account. This product had an average balance of $85,480,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 compared to $24,945,000 for the same 2010 quarter. Offsetting a portion of this growth was a decline in time deposits of $24,550,000 when comparing the first quarter 2011 average with the same period in 2010.

QNB closely monitors the quality of its loan portfolio and as a result of increases in non-performing and classified loans, higher than normal levels of charge-offs and continued concerns about the economy, has increased the allowance for loan losses to reflect these conditions.

Total non-performing assets were $14,697,000 as of March 31, 2011 compared with $11,634,000 as of December 31, 2010. Included in this classification are non-performing loans, other real estate owned (OREO), other repossessed assets and non-performing pooled trust preferred securities. Total non-performing loans, which represent loans on non-accrual status, loans past due more than 90 days and still accruing interest, and restructured loans were $12,988,000, or 2.71% of total loans, at March 31, 2011, compared to $9,872,000, or 2.05% of total loans, at December 31, 2010. QNB had no OREO or repossessed assets at March 31, 2011 compared with $90,000 at December 31, 2010. Non-performing trust preferred securities are carried at fair value which was $1,709,000 and $1,672,000 at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. Total delinquent loans that are thirty days or more past due decreased to 1.90% of total loans at March 31, 2011, compared with 2.82% of total loans at December 31, 2010.

QNB recorded a provision for loan losses of $650,000 in the first quarter of 2011 compared with $700,000 in the first quarter of 2010. Net loan charge-offs were $413,000, or 0.35% annualized of total average loans, for the first quarter of 2011, compared with $560,000, or 0.50% annualized of total average loans, for the first quarter of 2010.

QNB's allowance for loan losses of $9,192,000 represents 1.92% of total loans at March 31, 2011 compared to an allowance for loan losses of $8,955,000, or 1.86% of total loans, at December 31, 2010 and $6,357,000, or 1.39% of total loans, at March 31, 2010.

Total non-interest income was $940,000 for the first quarter of 2011, a decrease of $192,000 compared with the same period in 2010. Net securities gains and losses were the primary factor in the variance with net losses of $43,000 recognized in the first quarter of 2011 compared with net gains of $136,000 in the first quarter of 2010. In the first quarter of 2011, QNB recorded gains of $126,000 on the sale of equity securities and net losses of $169,000 on the sale of lower yielding mortgage-backed and agency securities. The proceeds from the sale of the bonds were reinvested in higher yielding securities; the higher interest income is anticipated to offset the loss by year-end. For the first quarter of 2010, the Company recorded gains of $294,000, primarily from the sale of several equity securities. These gains were partially offset by a $158,000 credit-related, other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) charge on pooled trust preferred securities. There were no credit-related OTTI charges during the first quarter of 2011.
  
 
- 41 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – OVERVIEW (Continued)
Excluding the investment net losses and gains, non-interest income for the first quarter of 2011 and 2010 totaled $983,000 and $996,000, respectively. Fees for services to customers decreased $78,000, or 19.3%, comparing the first quarter of 2011 to the first quarter of 2010. The decrease was primarily caused by lower overdraft charges as a result of the implementation of new rules under Regulation E and a reduction in the per item fee charged to customers. ATM and debit card income contributed $57,000 in additional non-interest income when comparing the three-month periods primarily due to an increase in volume and an increase in the amount earned per transaction. Income on bank-owned life insurance also increased $46,000 compared to first quarter of 2010 related to the death benefit on a life insurance policy in which the Bank was the beneficiary. Less residential mortgage activity for the 2011 quarter resulted in gains on sales of residential mortgage loans decreasing $36,000 to $39,000.

Total non-interest expense was $4,420,000 for the first quarter of 2011, an increase of 7.3% compared to $4,118,000 for the first quarter of 2010. A $250,000, or 11.7%, increase in salaries and employee benefits was the largest component of the higher expense, a result of the Chief Operating Officer position being filled, a 2011 incentive compensation accrual of $103,000, and normal merit increases. Net occupancy expense also increased $28,000, or 7.6%, with the majority of the increase related to lease expense for the permanent Wescosville branch which opened in October 2010.

These items noted in the foregoing overview, as well as others, will be discussed and analyzed more thoroughly in the next sections.

 
- 42 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Average Balances, Rate, and Interest Income and Expense Summary (Tax-Equivalent Basis)

Three Months Ended
 
March 31, 2011
   
March 31, 2010
 
   
Average
   
Average
         
Average
   
Average
       
   
Balance
   
Rate
   
Interest
   
Balance
   
Rate
   
Interest
 
Assets
                                   
Federal funds sold
  $ -       0.00 %   $ -     $ -       0.00 %   $ -  
Investment securities:
                                               
U.S. Treasury
    -       0.00 %     -       5,025       0.58 %     7  
U.S. Government agencies
    60,748       2.13 %     323       63,566       3.40 %     541  
State and municipal
    67,224       5.94 %     999       55,900       6.35 %     887  
Mortgage-backed and CMOs
    155,217       3.51 %     1,360       120,601       4.29 %     1,292  
Other debt securities
    4,089       1.16 %     12       4,517       1.24 %     14  
Equities
    3,245       3.34 %     27       2,830       3.66 %     26  
Total investment securities
    290,523       3.75 %     2,721       252,439       4.38 %     2,767  
Loans:
                                               
Commercial real estate
    262,295       5.99 %     3,877       239,586       6.02 %     3,555  
Residential real estate
    23,398       5.57 %     326       24,294       5.72 %     347  
Home equity loans
    56,903       4.83 %     678       61,728       5.08 %     774  
Commercial and industrial
    85,766       5.31 %     1,123       80,202       5.18 %     1,024  
Indirect lease financing
    13,660       8.84 %     302       13,956       8.45 %     295  
Consumer loans
    2,643       13.56 %     88       3,574       11.73 %     103  
Tax-exempt loans
    32,034       6.15 %     485       27,724       5.78 %     396  
Total loans, net of unearned income*
    476,699       5.85 %     6,879       451,064       5.84 %     6,494  
Other earning assets
    11,928       0.24 %     7       16,983       0.23 %     10  
Total earning assets
    779,150       5.00 %     9,607       720,486       5.22 %     9,271  
Cash and due from banks
    9,616                       9,351                  
Allowance for loan losses
    (8,892 )                     (6,246 )                
Other assets
    26,415                       25,956                  
Total assets
  $ 806,289                     $ 749,547                  
                                                 
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
                                               
Interest-bearing deposits:
                                               
Interest-bearing demand
  $ 87,361       0.52 %     113     $ 81,793       0.69 %     138  
Municipals
    39,858       0.78 %     77       34,314       0.99 %     84  
Money market
    73,584       0.52 %     94       72,172       0.93 %     166  
Savings
    136,697       0.84 %     282       74,542       0.77 %     141  
Time
    199,842       1.70 %     836       217,241       2.37 %     1,272  
Time of $100,000 or more
    99,469       1.79 %     440       106,620       2.42 %     636  
Total interest-bearing deposits
    636,811       1.17 %     1,842       586,682       1.68 %     2,437  
Short-term borrowings
    25,085       0.89 %     55       22,588       0.95 %     53  
Long-term debt
    20,307       4.75 %     241       27,000       4.65 %     314  
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    682,203       1.27 %     2,138       636,270       1.79 %     2,804  
Non-interest-bearing deposits
    60,066                       54,109                  
Other liabilities
    3,124                       3,533                  
Shareholders' equity
    60,896                       55,635                  
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
  $ 806,289                     $ 749,547                  
Net interest rate spread
            3.73 %                     3.43 %        
Margin/net interest income
            3.89 %   $ 7,469               3.64 %   $ 6,467  
Tax-exempt securities and loans were adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis and are based on the marginal Federal corporate tax rate of 34 percent.
Non-accrual loans and investment securities are included in earning assets.
* Includes loans held-for-sale

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Rate/Volume Analysis. The following table shows the fully taxable equivalent effect of changes in volumes and rates on interest income and interest expense. Changes in net interest income that could not be specifically identified as either a rate or volume change were allocated to changes in volume.

   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31, 2011 compared
 
   
to March 31, 2010
 
   
Total
   
Due to change in:
 
   
Change
   
Volume
   
Rate
 
Interest income:
                 
Federal funds sold
  $ -     $ -     $ -  
Investment securities:
                       
U.S. Treasury
    (7 )     (7 )     -  
U.S. Government agencies
    (218 )     (25 )     (193 )
State and municipal
    112       180       (68 )
Mortgage-backed and CMOs
    68       371       (303 )
Other debt securities
    (2 )     (1 )     (1 )
Equities
    1       4       (3 )
Loans:
                       
Commercial real estate
    322       338       (16 )
Residential real estate
    (21 )     (12 )     (9 )
Home equity loans
    (96 )     (61 )     (35 )
Commercial and industrial
    99       71       28  
Indirect lease financing
    7       (6 )     13  
Consumer loans
    (15 )     (27 )     12  
Tax-exempt loans
    89       61       28  
Other earning assets
    (3 )     (3 )     -  
Total interest income
  $ 336     $ 883     $ (547 )
Interest expense:
                       
Interest-bearing demand
    (25 )     10       (35 )
Municipals
    (7 )     14       (21 )
Money market
    (72 )     4       (76 )
Savings
    141       118       23  
Time
    (436 )     (103 )     (333 )
Time of $100,000 or more
    (196 )     (43 )     (153 )
Short-term borrowings
    2       6       (4 )
Long-term debt
    (73 )     (78 )     5  
Total interest expense
  $ (666 )   $ (72 )   $ (594 )
Net interest income
  $ 1,002     $ 955     $ 47  

 
- 44 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NET INTEREST INCOME

The following table presents the adjustment to convert net interest income to net interest income on a fully taxable-equivalent basis for the three-month period ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2011
   
2010
 
Total interest income
  $ 9,095     $ 8,828  
Total interest expense
    2,138       2,804  
Net interest income
    6,957       6,024  
Tax-equivalent adjustment
    512       443  
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent)
  $ 7,469     $ 6,467  

Net interest income is the primary source of operating income for QNB. Net interest income is interest income, dividends, and fees on earning assets, less interest expense incurred for funding sources. Earning assets primarily include loans, investment securities, interest bearing balances at the Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) and Federal funds sold. Sources used to fund these assets include deposits and borrowed funds. Net interest income is affected by changes in interest rates, the volume and mix of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and the amount of earning assets funded by non-interest bearing deposits.

For purposes of this discussion, interest income and the average yield earned on loans and investment securities are adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis as detailed in the tables that appear above. This adjustment to interest income is made for analysis purposes only. Interest income is increased by the amount of savings of Federal income taxes, which QNB realizes by investing in certain tax-exempt state and municipal securities and by making loans to certain tax-exempt organizations. In this way, the ultimate economic impact of earnings from various assets can be more easily compared.
 
The net interest rate spread is the difference between average rates received on earning assets and average rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, while the net interest rate margin, which includes interest-free sources of funds, is net interest income expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.

Net interest income increased $933,000, or 15.5%, to $6,957,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2010. Net interest income for the first quarter of 2011 also reflects an increase of $144,000, or 2.1%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2010. On a tax-equivalent basis, net interest income increased $1,002,000, or 15.5%, from $6,467,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2010 to $7,469,000 for the same period ended March 31, 2011.

Several factors contributed to the significant increase in net interest income. Balance sheet growth was one contributing factor. During the years 2009 and 2010 QNB experienced strong growth in both loans and deposits. While the rate of growth has slowed during 2011, particularly with respect to loans, the significant growth experienced during most of 2010 resulted in strong growth in deposits and investment securities and moderate growth in loans when comparing the average balances for the first quarter of 2011 and 2010. Total average deposits increased $56,086,000, or 8.8%, to $696,877,000 when comparing the two periods. Over this same time period average loans increased $25,635,000, or 5.7%, to $476,699,000 and average investment securities increased $38,084,000, or 15.1% to $290,523,000.  An even more significant factor was the decrease in interest expense resulting from a change in the mix of deposits, the pricing of new and reinvested time deposits, interest-bearing demand and money market accounts at lower rates and a reduction in higher cost long-term debt. As a result of these factors the net interest margin improved to 3.89% for the first quarter of 2011 compared with 3.64% for the first quarter of 2010.

While the economy has shown signs of improvement, issues in the residential and commercial real estate markets persist as do high levels of unemployment. In addition, inflation remains at relatively low levels despite significant increases in energy and food costs. As a result of these factors, as well as actions by the Federal Reserve Bank, both actual and anticipated, interest rates on Treasury securities remain at historically low levels. These low levels of interest rates have been in place since 2008 and have resulted in lower yields earned on both loans and investment securities as well as lower rates paid on deposits and borrowed funds.

 
- 45 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NET INTEREST INCOME (Continued)
The Rate-Volume Analysis table, as presented on a tax-equivalent basis, highlights the impact of changing rates and volumes on interest income and interest expense. Total interest income on a tax-equivalent basis increased $336,000, or 3.6%, to $9,607,000 for the first quarter of 2011, while total interest expense decreased $666,000, or 23.8%, to $2,138,000. The increase in interest income was the result of the growth in earning assets outpacing the impact of the decline in interest rates. Volume growth contributed an additional $883,000 of interest income offsetting the decline in interest income of $547,000 resulting from lower interest rates. With regard to interest expense, lower funding costs resulted in a decline in interest expense of $594,000.
 
The yield on earning assets on a tax-equivalent basis decreased 22 basis points from 5.22% for the first quarter of 2010 to 5.00% for the first quarter of 2011. However, the yield of 5.00% for the first quarter of 2011 represents an increase of three basis points from the 4.97% reported for the fourth quarter of 2010. In comparison, the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities decreased 52 basis points from 1.79% for the first quarter of 2010 to 1.27% for the first quarter of 2011 and decreased 11 basis points when compared to 1.38% reported in the fourth quarter of 2010.

Interest income on investment securities decreased $46,000 when comparing the two quarters as the 15.1% increase in average balances could only partially offset the 63 basis point decline in the average yield of the portfolio. The average yield on the investment portfolio was 3.75% for the first quarter of 2011 compared with 4.38% for the first quarter of 2010. As noted previously, the decline in the yield on the investment portfolio is primarily the result of the extended period of low interest rates which has resulted in an increase in cash flow from the investment portfolio as prepayments speeds on mortgage-backed securities and CMOs ramped-up as did the amount of calls of agency and municipal securities. The reinvestment of these funds was generally in securities that had lower yields than what they replaced. The growth in the investment portfolio was primarily in high quality U.S. Government agency issued mortgage-backed and CMO securities as well as in tax-exempt state and municipal bonds.

Income on Government agency securities decreased $218,000, or 40.3%, as the yield declined 127 basis points from 3.40% for the first quarter of 2010 to 2.13% for the same period in 2011. These lower yields resulted in a $193,000 reduction in interest income in the Government agency portfolio. Most of the bonds in the agency portfolio have call features ranging from three months to five years, many of which were exercised as a result of the low interest rate environment. The proceeds from these called bonds were reinvested in securities with significantly lower yields. A 4.4% decrease in average balances contributed to the other $25,000 decrease in interest income on agency securities.

Interest income on tax-exempt municipal securities increased $112,000 with higher balances accounting for $180,000 of additional income. Average balances of tax-exempt municipal securities increased $11,324,000, or 20.3%, to $67,224,000 for the first quarter of 2011. As a result of credit concerns in the municipal market arising from issues with the insurance companies that insure the bonds and concerns over the general health of state and municipal governments because of declining revenues and budget issues resulting from economic conditions, municipal bond yields declined but not to the same degree as yields on other types of securities. As a result QNB expanded its purchase of municipal bonds, primarily general obligation bonds of issuers with strong underlying credit ratings. The yield on the state and municipal portfolio decreased 41 basis points from 6.35% for the first quarter of 2010 to 5.94% for the first quarter of 2011, contributing to a $68,000 reduction in interest income when comparing the two quarters.

Interest income on mortgage-backed securities and CMOs increased $68,000 with an increase in average balances offsetting the impact of lower rates. Average balances increased $34,616,000, or 28.7% to $155,217,000 when comparing the two periods and contributed $371,000 in additional income. This portfolio was expanded because it provides higher yields relative to agency bonds and also provides monthly cash flow which can be used for liquidity purposes or can be reinvested when interest rates eventually increase. With the historically low interest rate environment mortgage refinancing activity over the past two years was significant resulting in an increase in prepayments on these securities. Since most of these securities were purchased at a premium, prepayments result in a shorter amortization period of this premium and therefore a reduction in income. The proceeds from the cash flow of these securities as well as the investment of excess deposits into this portfolio at lower yields also contributed to the reduction in the yield on the total portfolio. The yield on the mortgage-backed and CMO portfolio decreased 78 basis points from 4.29% for the first quarter of 2010 to 3.51% for the first quarter of 2011, resulting in a $303,000 reduction in interest income.
 
- 46 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NET INTEREST INCOME (Continued)
 
Towards the end of February 2011, QNB sold $10 million in callable agency bonds with maturities ranging from 3 to 5 years that had an average yield of 1.25% and $7.5 million in faster paying mortgage-backed securities with a yield of 3.36%. The net yield on the bonds sold was 2.16% and resulted in a loss of $169,000. The proceeds of these bonds were reinvested in mortgage-backed securities with an average yield of 3.19%. The 103 basis point pick-up in yield will allow the loss to be recouped during the current year and provide additional income over the 3.4 year average term of the bonds sold. The transaction was analyzed under interest rates at the time of the trade, base case, as well as the impact of rising and falling interest rates. The transaction produced additional income under all scenarios and resulted in a slight extension in the average life of the portfolio in the base case or with rates higher.

With the issues in the economy and low levels of inflation the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee has indicated it will continue to keep its target rate at between 0.0% and 0.25% for an extended period of time and will continue its purchases of treasury securities through its quantitative easing program. Therefore, Treasury yields, despite coming off their historic lows at the end of 2010 will likely remain at fairly low levels. When combined with spread tightening on agency bonds, mortgage securities and municipal securities, yields on investment securities remain anemic. As a result the yield on the total investment portfolio is anticipated to continue to decline as cash flow from the portfolio, as well as excess liquidity, is reinvested at current market rates which are significantly below the projected portfolio yield at March 31, 2011 of 3.82%. This projected yield is slightly higher than the projected yield of 3.79% at December 31, 2010, reflecting the positive impact of the transaction discussed above in offsetting the impact of reinvesting higher yielding cash flow during the first quarter of 2011 into lower yielding securities.

Income on loans increased $385,000, or 5.9% to $6,879,000 when comparing the first quarters of 2011 and 2010 with growth in the portfolio being the primary factor in the additional income. Average loans increased $25,635,000, or 5.7%, and contributed an additional $364,000 in interest income. The yield on the loan portfolio increased one basis point, to 5.85% when comparing the same periods. Reducing the impact of the decline in interest rates on loan yields is the structure of the loan portfolio, which has a significant portion of fixed-rate and adjustable-rate loans with fixed-rate terms for three to ten years. Also helping to stabilize the yield was the implementation of interest rate floors on some variable rate commercial loans and home equity lines of credit. Most variable-rate loans are indexed to the Prime lending rate which did not change during 2010 or the first quarter of 2011.

QNB took advantage of disruptions in its local banking market during 2009 and 2010 to grow its loan portfolio, particularly the commercial loan portfolio, while maintaining pricing structure and credit quality standards. Most of the growth in the loan portfolio, both in terms of balances and interest income, was in the category of commercial real estate loans. This category of loans includes commercial purpose loans secured by either commercial properties such as office buildings, factories, warehouses, medical facilities and retail establishments, or residential real estate, usually the residence of the business owner. The category also includes construction and land development loans. Income on commercial real estate loans increased $322,000, with average balances increasing $22,709,000, or 9.5%, to $262,295,000, for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared with the same quarter in 2010. The yield on commercial real estate loans was 5.99% for the first quarter of 2011, a decline of three basis points from the 6.02% reported for the first quarter of 2010.

Income on commercial and industrial loans, the second largest category, increased $99,000 with a positive impact from both the growth in balances and the increase in the yield. Average commercial and industrial loans increased $5,564,000, or 6.9%, to $85,766,000 for the first quarter of 2011, contributing an additional $71,000 in interest income. The average yield on these loans increased 13 basis points to 5.31% resulting in an increase in income of $28,000. The implementation of interest rate floors on loans in this category, primarily lines of credit indexed to the prime rate, was a factor in the improvement in the yield.
 
 
- 47 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NET INTEREST INCOME (Continued)

Another strong growth area has been loans to tax-exempt municipalities and organizations. This category of loans increased $4,310,000, or 15.5% to $32,034,000 when comparing the first quarter of 2010 to the first quarter of 2011. During this same period the yield on this portfolio increased from 5.78% for the first quarter of 2010 to 6.15% for the same period in 2011. As a result of higher balances and higher yields interest income on tax-exempt loans increased $89,000 when comparing the two quarters.

Income on home equity loans declined by $96,000 when comparing the first quarter of 2011 and 2010. During this same time period average home equity loans decreased $4,825,000, or 7.8%, to $56,903,000, while the yield on the home equity portfolio decreased 25 basis points to 4.83%. The demand for home equity loans has declined as home values have fallen preventing some homeowners from having equity in their homes to borrow against while others have taken advantage of the low interest rates on mortgages and refinanced their home equity loans into a new mortgage. Included in the home equity portfolio are floating rate home equity lines tied to the prime lending rate. The average balance of these loans increased by $1,824,000, or 7.6%, to $25,904,000 for the first quarter of 2011. In contrast, average fixed rate home equity loans declined by $6,649,000, or 17.7%, to $30,999,000. Customers who are opening home equity loans are choosing the floating rate option indexed to prime even with a rate floor because the rate is currently significantly lower than a fixed rate home equity loan. In an effort to generate loans, in April, QNB began offering its variable home equity line of credit at a promotional rate of 1.99% for the first six months and reduced its rates on fixed rate home equity loans.

For the most part, earning assets are funded by deposits, which increased on average by $56,086,000, or 8.8%, to $696,877,000, when comparing the first quarters of 2011 and 2010. It appears that customers continue to be attracted to the safety of FDIC insured deposits and the stability of a strong local community bank as opposed to the volatility of the equity markets and the uncertainty of the larger regional and national banks. On October 3, 2008, in response to the ongoing economic crisis affecting the financial services industry, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 was enacted which temporarily raised the basic limit on FDIC coverage from $100,000 to $250,000 per depositor until December 31, 2009. However, legislation was passed during the second quarter of 2009 that extended the higher coverage through December 31, 2013. The recently enacted Dobb-Frank Act made the $250,000 coverage permanent. In addition QNB participated in the “Transaction Account Guarantee Program”, a program whereby the FDIC fully guaranteed all non-interest bearing transaction accounts until December 31, 2010. These programs likely contributed to the growth in deposits.

While total income on earning assets on a tax-equivalent basis increased $336,000 when comparing the first quarter of 2011 to the first quarter of 2010, total interest expense declined $666,000. Interest expense on total deposits decreased $595,000 while interest expense on borrowed funds decreased $71,000 when comparing the two quarters. The rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities decreased 52 basis points from 1.79% for the first quarter of 2010 to 1.27% for the first quarter of 2011, with the rate paid on interest-bearing deposits decreased 51 basis points from 1.68% to 1.17%.

All categories of average deposits, except for time deposits, increased when comparing the first quarter of 2011 to the same period in 2010. Unlike prior years the growth was not centered in time deposits but in accounts with greater liquidity, such as interest-bearing demand, interest-bearing municipal accounts and savings deposits. Average interest-bearing demand accounts increased $5,568,000, or 6.8%, to $87,361,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2010. Interest expense on interest-bearing demand accounts decreased from $138,000 for the first quarter of 2010 to $113,000 for the first quarter of 2011 while the average rate paid decreased from 0.69% to 0.52%, respectively. The decrease in interest expense and the average rate paid on interest-bearing demand accounts is primarily the result of a reduction in the rate paid on QNB-Rewards checking, a high rate checking account product. From January 1, 2010 to February 9, 2010 the product paid a yield of 3.25% on balances up to $25,000. This yield was reduced on February 10, 2010 to 2.75% and again on August 18, 2010 to 2.05% as Treasury rates declined to historic lows. In order to receive the high rate a customer must receive an electronic statement, have one direct deposit or other ACH transaction and have at least 12 check card purchase transactions posted per statement cycle. For the first quarter of 2011, the average balance in the product was $27,658,000 and the related interest expense was $105,000 for an average yield of 1.54%. This lower rate than the 2.05% reflects the lower rate paid on accounts that do not meet the qualifications or on balances in excess of $25,000 which paid 1.01% until August 18, 2010 and 0.75% thereafter. In comparison the average balance for the first quarter of 2010 was $23,066,000 with a related interest expense of $130,000 and an average rate paid of 2.28%. This product also generates fee income through the use of the check card. Even with the reduction in the rates paid on the QNB-Rewards product, the yield of 2.05% for the first $25,000 and 0.75% on balances over $25,000, assuming qualifications are met, is still an attractive rate relative to competitors offerings as well as other QNB products.

 
- 48 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NET INTEREST INCOME (Continued)

Interest expense on municipal interest-bearing demand accounts decreased from $84,000 for the first quarter of 2010 to $77,000 for the same period in 2011. The decrease in interest expense is a result of a reduction in the rate paid on these accounts as short-term interest rates declined offsetting the impact of higher balances. The average balance of municipal interest-bearing demand accounts increased $5,544,000, or 16.2% to $39,858,000 for the first quarter of 2011. However, the average interest rate paid on these accounts declined from 0.99% for the first quarter of 2010 to 0.78% for the first quarter of 2011. Most of these accounts are tied directly to the Federal funds rate with some having rate floors between 0.25% and 1.00%. The balances in many of these accounts are seasonal in nature and are dependant upon the timing of the receipt of taxes and the disbursement by the schools and municipalities.

Interest expense on money market accounts decreased $72,000 to $94,000 when comparing the first quarter of 2011 to the same period in 2010. The growth in money market accounts slowed as customers were attracted to the eSavings product discussed below. Average money market accounts increased only $1,412,000, or 2.0%, to $73,584,000 for the first quarter of 2011 compared with the first quarter of 2010. The average interest rate paid on money market accounts was 0.93% for the first quarter of 2010 and 0.52% for the first quarter of 2011, a decline of 41 basis points. Included in total money market balances is the Select money market account, a higher yielding money market product that pays a tiered rate based on account balances. With the sharp decline in short-term interest rates, the rates paid on the Select money market account have declined as well. The average rate paid on the Select money market accounts for the first quarter of 2011 was 0.60%, a decline of 44 basis points from the average rate of 1.04% paid for the first quarter of 2010.

During the second quarter of 2009 QNB introduced an online only eSavings account to compete with other online savings accounts. This product was introduced at a yield of 1.85% and has been extremely successful having grown to $99,848,000 at March 31, 2011. As market rates declined, the eSavings yield was also reduced, to 1.60% on March 17, 2010, to 1.30% on August 6, 2010 and to 1.20% on January 26, 2011. The average balance of this product was $85,480,000 for the first quarter of 2011 compared to $24,945,000 for the first quarter of 2010 and contributed to the $62,155,000, or 83.4%, increase in total average savings accounts when comparing the first quarters of 2011 and 2010. Average statement savings accounts also increased $1,915,000, or 3.9%, when comparing the same periods. As a result of the growth in the eSavings product and the rate paid, the average rate paid on total savings accounts increased 7 basis points from 0.77% for the first quarter of 2010 to 0.84% for the first quarter of 2011 and interest expense doubled from $141,000 to $282,000 over the same period. The growth in balances appears to reflect the desire for safely, liquidity and a better rate than short-term time deposits.

The repricing of time deposits at lower rates has had the greatest impact on total interest expense when comparing the two quarters. Total interest expense on time deposits decreased $632,000, or 33.1% to $1,276,000 for the first quarter of 2011. Average total time deposits decreased by $24,550,000, or 7.6%, to $299,311,000 for the first quarter of 2011. Similar to fixed-rate loans and investment securities, time deposits reprice over time and, therefore, have less of an immediate impact on costs in either a rising or falling rate environment. Unlike loans and investment securities, however, the maturity and repricing characteristics of time deposits tend to be shorter. Over the course of 2010 and the first quarter of 2011 a significant amount of time deposits have repriced lower as rates have declined. The average rate paid on time deposits decreased from 2.39% to 1.73% when comparing the first quarter of 2010 to the same period in 2011.

Approximately $168,255,000, or 57.7%, of time deposits at March 31, 2011 will reprice or mature over the next 12 months. The average rate paid on these time deposits is approximately 1.36%. Included in this amount are $52,996,000 of time deposits which mature during the second quarter of 2011 at an average rate of 1.46%. Given the short-term nature of QNB’s time deposit portfolio and the current rates being offered, it is likely that the average rate paid on time deposits may continue to decline in the near term as higher costing time deposits are repriced lower. However, given the short-term nature of these deposits interest expense could increase if short-term time deposit rates were to increase suddenly. It is anticipated given recent history, that some of these maturing time deposits will migrate to the online savings product or be withdrawn.

 
- 49 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NET INTEREST INCOME (Continued)

Contributing to the decrease in total interest expense was a reduction in interest expense on long-term debt of $73,000. In January 2010, $10,000,000 in FHLB advances at a rate of 2.97% matured and were repaid. In addition, in April 2010 another $5,000,000 of debt at a rate of 4.90% matured and was repaid. This reduction in debt resulted in the lower amount of interest expense. The average balance of long-term debt for the first quarter of 2011 was $20,307,000 compared with $27,000,000 for the first quarter of 2010. Since the average rate paid on the debt that was repaid was lower than the remaining debt the average rate paid increased from 4.65% for the first quarter of 2010 to 4.75% for the first quarter of 2011.

PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

The provision for loan losses represents management's determination of the amount necessary to be charged to operations to bring the allowance for loan losses to a level that represents management’s best estimate of the known and inherent losses in the existing loan portfolio. Management believes that it uses the best information available to make determinations about the adequacy of the allowance and that it has established its existing allowance for loan losses in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The determination of an appropriate level for the allowance for loan losses is based upon an analysis of the risks inherent in QNB’s loan portfolio. Management, in determining the allowance for loan losses, makes significant estimates and assumptions. Since the allowance for loan losses is dependent, to a great extent, on conditions that may be beyond QNB’s control, it is at least reasonably possible that management’s estimates of the allowance for loan losses and actual results could differ. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review QNB’s allowance for losses on loans. Such agencies may require QNB to recognize changes to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination. Actual loan losses, net of recoveries, serve to reduce the allowance.

Management closely monitors the quality of its loan portfolio and performs a quarterly analysis of the appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses. This analysis considers a number of relevant factors including: specific impairment reserves, historical loan loss experience, general economic conditions, levels of and trends in delinquent and non-performing loans, levels of classified loans, trends in the growth rate of loans and concentrations of credit.

Recent economic conditions contributed to high rates of unemployment and a softening of the residential and commercial real estate markets. These factors have had a negative impact on both consumers and small businesses and have contributed to higher than historical levels of net charge-offs and increases in specific reserves, non-performing, impaired and classified loans. These factors when combined with the inherent risk related to the significant growth in the loan portfolio over the past few years and continued concerns related to economic conditions have resulted in QNB increasing the allowance for loan losses to reflect these conditions. The allowance for loan losses was $9,192,000 or 1.92% of total loans at March 31, 2011, compared with $8,955,000, or 1.86% of total loans at December 31, 2010 and $6,357,000, or 1.39% of total loans at March 31, 2010.  The allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2011 is at a level that QNB management believes is adequate as of that date based on its analysis of known and inherent losses in the portfolio.

QNB recorded a provision for loan losses of $650,000 in the first quarter of 2011. This compares to provisions of $700,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 and $1,200,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2010. Net loan charge-offs were $413,000, or 0.35% (annualized) of average total loans for the first quarter of 2011 compared with $560,000, or 0.50% (annualized) of average total loans for the first quarter of 2010 and $377,000, or 0.32% (annualized) of average total loans for the fourth quarter of 2010. Two borrowers account for approximately $411,000 of the first quarter 2011 charge-offs. Of this amount $391,000 was specifically reserved for as of December 31, 2010. Of the charge-offs for the first quarter of 2010, $350,000 relates to a commercial borrower whose loan was secured by business assets. Indirect lease financing net charge-offs were $62,000 for the first quarter of 2010 compared with net recoveries of $4,000 for the first quarter of 2011.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

As referenced in the following table, the levels of non-performing loans have trended higher over the past year. At March 31, 2011 non-performing loans totaled $12,988,000, as compared to $9,872,000 at December 31, 2010 and $5,895,000 at March 31, 2010. Non-performing loans have risen from 1.29% of total loans at March 31, 2010 to 2.71% at March 31, 2011. Despite the increase in non-performing loans over the past year QNB’s non-performing loans to total loans ratio continues to compare favorably with the average 3.14% of total loans for Pennsylvania commercial banks with assets between $500 million and $1 billion as reported by the FDIC using December 31, 2010 data, the most recent available.

Delinquent loans are considered performing loans and exclude non-accrual loans, restructured loans and loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest (all of which are considered non-performing loans). Total delinquent loans at March 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and March 31, 2010 represent 0.65%, 1.47% and 1.24% of total loans, respectively.

A loan is considered impaired, based on current information and events, if it is probable that QNB will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial loans and indirect lease financing loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral, if the loan is collateral dependent. At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the recorded investment in loans for which impairment has been identified totaled $28,571,000 and $20,863,000 of which $18,598,000 and $12,568,000, respectively, required no specific allowance for loan loss. The recorded investment in impaired loans requiring an allowance for loan losses was $9,973,000 and $8,295,000 at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the related allowance for loan losses associated with these loans was $3,021,000 and $2,281,000, respectively. Most of the loans that have been identified as impaired are collateral-dependent. See Note 8 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail of impaired loans.

The following table shows asset quality indicators for the periods presented:

   
3/31/11
   
12/31/10
   
9/30/10
   
6/30/10
   
3/31/10
 
Non-performing loans
  $ 12,988     $ 9,872     $ 9,908     $ 7,748     $ 5,895  
Non-performing loans to total loans
    2.71 %     2.05 %     2.07 %     1.63 %     1.29 %
                                         
Delinquent loans (30-89 days past due), not included above
  $ 3,133     $ 7,105     $ 5,729     $ 4,448     $ 5,677  
Delinquent loans to total loans
    0.65 %     1.47 %     1.20 %     0.94 %     1.24 %
                                         
Total delinquent and non-performing loans
  $ 16,121     $ 16,977     $ 15,637     $ 12,196     $ 11,571  
Total delinquent and non-performing loans to total loans
    3.37 %     3.52 %     3.27 %     2.57 %     2.54 %
                                         
Non-performing assets
  $ 14,697     $ 11,634     $ 11,417     $ 9,327     $ 6,932  
Non-performing assets to total assets
    1.79 %     1.44 %     1.44 %     1.20 %     0.90 %

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)

The following table shows detailed information and ratios pertaining to the Company’s loan and asset quality:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
Non-accrual loans
  $ 10,589     $ 7,183  
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest
    12       268  
Restructured loans (not included above)
    2,387       2,421  
Total non-performing loans
  $ 12,988     $ 9,872  
Other real estate owned and repossessed assets
    -       90  
Non-accrual investment securities
    1,709       1,672  
Total non-performing assets
  $ 14,697     $ 11,634  
                 
Average total loans (YTD)
  $ 476,699     $ 467,063  
Total loans, including loans held-for-sale
    478,509       482,410  
Allowance for loan losses
    9,192       8,955  
                 
Allowance for loan losses to:
               
Non-performing assets
    70.77 %     90.72 %
Total loans
    1.92 %     1.86 %
Average total loans
    1.93 %     1.92 %
                 
Non-performing loans to total loans
    2.71 %     2.05 %
Non-performing assets to total assets
    1.79 %     1.44 %

An analysis of loan charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to 2010 is as follows:

For the three months ended March 31,
 
2011
   
2010
 
Net charge-offs
  $ 413     $ 560  
                 
Net charge-offs (annualized) to:
               
Total loans
    0.34 %     0.49 %
Average total loans
    0.34 %     0.49 %
Allowance for loan losses
    17.86 %     34.97 %

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
NON-INTEREST INCOME
 
Non-Interest Income Comparison
 
               
Change from Prior Year
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2011
   
2010
   
Amount
   
Percent
 
Fees for services to customers
  $ 327     $ 405     $ (78 )     -19.3 %
ATM and debit card
    328       271       57       21.0 %
Bank-owned life insurance
    110       64       46       71.9 %
Merchant Income
    62       57       5       8.8 %
Net gain (loss) on investment securities
    (43 )     136       (179 )     -131.6 %
Net gain on sale of loans
    39       75       (36 )     -48.0 %
Other
    117       124       (7 )     -5.6 %
Total
  $ 940     $ 1,132     $ (192 )     -17.0 %
 
QNB, through its core banking business, generates various fees and service charges. Total non-interest income includes service charges on deposit accounts, ATM and check card income, income on bank-owned life insurance, merchant income and gains and losses on the sale of investment securities and residential mortgage loans. Total non-interest income for the first quarter of 2011 was $940,000, a decrease of $192,000 compared to $1,132,000 for the first quarter of 2010.

Fees for services to customers were $327,000 for the first quarter of 2011, a $78,000, or 19.3% decline from the same period in 2010. Overdraft income, which represented approximately 68.0% of total fees for services to customers during the first quarter of 2011, declined by $86,000, or 27.9%, to $222,000. The decline in overdraft income is a result of the implementation of new rules under Regulation E and a reduction in the per item fee charged to customers. In March 2010, QNB reduced the per item charge for overdrafts by $2.00.

ATM and debit card income is primarily comprised of transaction income on debit cards and ATM cards and ATM surcharge income for the use of QNB’s ATM machines by non-QNB customers. ATM and debit card income was $328,000 for the first quarter of 2011, an increase of $57,000, or 21.0% from the amount recorded during the first quarter of 2010. Debit card income increased $23,000, or 11.9% to $216,000, while ATM interchange income increased $37,000, or 64.9% to $94,000. The increase in debit and ATM card income was a result of the continuing increased reliance on the card as a means of paying for goods and services by both consumers and business cardholders. The higher rate of increase in ATM PIN-based transactions is a function of some merchants recommending lower costing PIN based transactions over higher costing signature debit transactions as well as an increase in the amount QNB receives per transaction. Helping to contribute to the growth in debit card transactions is the growth in the QNB Rewards checking product, a high-yield checking account which requires, among other terms, the posting of a minimum of twelve debit card purchase transactions per statement cycle to receive the high interest rate. The passage of the Dodd-Frank Act could have negative implications on the amount of interchange income earned by QNB in the future. The impact at this time is unknown.

Income on bank-owned life insurance (BOLI) represents the earnings and death benefits on life insurance policies in which the Bank is the beneficiary. Income on these policies was $110,000 and $64,000 in the first quarter of 2011 and 2010, respectively. Included in total BOLI income for the first quarter of 2011 was a death benefit payment of $31,000 on a life insurance policy in which the Bank was the beneficiary. Also positively impacting income for the first quarter of 2011 was the exchange of several policies into higher yielding investments during the fourth quarter of 2010. The insurance carriers reset the rates on these policies annually taking into consideration the interest rate environment as well as mortality costs. The existing policies have rate floors which minimize how low the earnings rate can go. Some of these policies are currently at their floor.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NON-INTEREST INCOME (Continued)

Merchant income represents fees charged to merchants for the bank’s handling of credit card or charge sales. Merchant income was $62,000 for the first quarter of 2011, an increase of $5,000, or 8.8%, from the amount reported in the same period in 2010. The increase in merchant income is primarily a result of an increase in the number of merchant’s QNB services.

The fixed-income securities portfolio represents a significant portion of QNB’s earning assets and is also a primary tool in liquidity and asset/liability management. QNB actively manages its fixed income portfolio in an effort to take advantage of changes in the shape of the yield curve and changes in spread relationships in different sectors and for liquidity purposes. Management continually reviews strategies that will result in an increase in the yield or improvement in the structure of the investment portfolio, including monitoring credit and concentration risk in the portfolio.

Net investment securities losses were $43,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 compared with net gains of $136,000 for the comparable quarter in 2010. In the first quarter of 2011, QNB recorded gains of $126,000 on the sale of equity securities and net losses of $169,000 on the sale of debt securities. Towards the end of February 2011, QNB sold $10 million in callable agency bonds with maturities ranging from 3 to 5 years that had an average yield of 1.25% and $7.5 million in faster paying mortgage-backed securities with a yield of 3.36%. The net yield on the bonds sold was 2.16%. The proceeds of these bonds were reinvested in lower coupon mortgage-backed securities with an average yield of 3.19%. The 103 basis point pick-up in yield will allow the loss to be recouped during the current year and provide additional income over the 3.4 year average term of the bonds sold. The transaction was analyzed under interest rates at the time of the trade, base case, as well as the impact of rising and falling interest rates. The transaction produced additional income under all scenarios and resulted in a slight extension in the average life of the portfolio in the base case or with rates higher.

For the first quarter of 2010, QNB recorded gains of $294,000, primarily from the sale of several equity securities. These gains were partially offset by a $158,000 credit-related, other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) charge on pooled trust preferred securities. There were no credit-related OTTI charges during the first quarter of 2011.

The net gain on residential mortgage sales is directly related to the volume of mortgages sold and the timing of the sales relative to the interest rate environment. Residential mortgage loans to be sold are identified at origination. The net gain on the sale of residential mortgage loans was $39,000 and $75,000 for the quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. This $36,000 decrease in the net gain on sale of loans was primarily a result of the interest rate environment at the time of sale. In 2010 interest rates were declining during most of the first quarter resulting in larger gains being recorded per sale while during most of the first quarter of 2011 interest rates were rising, decreasing the per sale gain.  Proceeds from the sale of residential mortgages were $2,711,000 and $2,313,000 for the first quarters of 2011 and 2010, respectively.

When QNB sells its residential mortgages in the secondary market, it retains servicing rights. A normal servicing fee is retained on all mortgage loans sold and serviced. QNB recognizes its obligation to service financial assets that are retained in a transfer of assets in the form of a servicing asset. The servicing asset is amortized in proportion to, and over, the period of net servicing income or loss. On a quarterly basis, servicing assets are assessed for impairment based on their fair value. The timing of mortgage payments and delinquencies also impacts the amount of servicing fees recorded.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NON-INTEREST EXPENSE

Non-Interest Expense Comparison
                   
               
Change from Prior Year
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2011
   
2010
   
Amount
   
Percent
 
Salaries and employee benefits
  $ 2,387     $ 2,137     $ 250       11.7 %
Net occumpancy
    397       369       28       7.6 %
Furniture and equipment
    303       282       21       7.4 %
Marketing
    175       161       14       8.7 %
Third-party services
    248       273       (25 )     -9.2 %
Telephone, postage and supplies
    148       157       (9 )     -5.7 %
State taxes
    150       140       10       7.1 %
FDIC insurance premiums
    262       254       8       3.1 %
Other
    350       345       5       1.4 %
Total
  $ 4,420     $ 4,118     $ 302       7.3 %

Non-interest expense is comprised of costs related to salaries and employee benefits, net occupancy, furniture and equipment, marketing, third party services, FDIC insurance premiums, regulatory assessments and taxes and various other operating expenses. Total non-interest expense was $4,420,000 for the first quarter of 2011, an increase of $302,000, or 7.3% compared to the first quarter of 2010. QNB’s overhead efficiency ratio, which represents the percentage of each dollar of revenue that is used for non-interest expense, is calculated by taking non-interest expense divided by net operating revenue on a tax-equivalent basis. QNB’s efficiency ratios were 52.6% and 54.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively and compare favorably with Pennsylvania commercial banks with assets between $500 million and $1 billion which had an average efficiency ratio of 65.7% for the fourth quarter of 2010, the most recent period available.

Salaries and benefits is the largest component of non-interest expense. QNB monitors, through the use of various surveys, the competitive salary and benefit information in its markets and makes adjustments where appropriate. Salaries and benefits expense for the first quarter of 2011 were $2,387,000, an increase of $250,000, or 11.7%, over the $2,137,000 reported in the first quarter of 2010. Salary expense increased $176,000, or 10.5%, during the period to $1,860,000. Included in salary expense in the first quarter of 2011 was an accrual for incentive compensation of $96,000. There was no such accrual in the first quarter of 2010. Excluding the incentive compensation accrual for the first quarter of 2011, salary expense increased 4.8% compared to the first quarter of 2010. Also impacting salary expense in 2011 was the hiring of a Chief Operating Officer and a Chief Compliance Officer, positions that were vacant during the first quarter of 2010.  Comparing the two quarters, benefits expense increased $74,000, or 16.3%, to $527,000. Payroll related tax expense increased $56,000 and retirement plan contribution expense increased $16,000 when comparing the two quarters.

Net occupancy expense increased $28,000, or 7.6%, to $397,000 for the first quarter of 2011 while furniture and equipment expense increased $21,000, or 7.4%, to $303,000 for the same period. Most of the increase in net occupancy expense relates to lease expense for the permanent Wescosville branch, opened in October 2010. The increase in furniture and equipment expense relates to higher equipment maintenance costs, which increased $20,000 when comparing the first quarter of 2011 to the first quarter of 2010. An increase in either maintenance contract costs or actual repair costs for HVAC, ATM machines, copiers and printers contributed to the increase in equipment maintenance expense.

Marketing expense increased $14,000, or 8.7% to $175,000, for the quarter ended March 31, 2011. Increases in charitable contributions and public relations costs account for most of the increase in marketing expense. QNB contributes to many not-for-profit organizations and clubs and sponsors many local events in the communities it serves.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NON-INTEREST EXPENSE (Continued)

Third party services are comprised of professional services, including legal, accounting, auditing and consulting services, as well as fees paid to outside vendors for support services of day-to-day operations. These support services include correspondent banking services, statement printing and mailing, investment security safekeeping and supply management services. Third party services expense decreased $25,000, or 9.2%, to $248,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 when compared to the same period in 2010. The largest portion of the decrease related to the following third party services:
 
·
Consultant expense decreased $10,000. During the first quarter of 2010 a consultant was hired for leadership training.
 
·
Legal expense decreased by $5,000 primarily as a result of lower loan collection costs.
 
·
Costs associated with the registration, printing and mailing of the Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan contributed approximately $8,000 to third party services in 2010.

Telephone, postage and supplies expense was $148,000 for the first quarter of 2011, a decrease of $9,000, or 5.7% compared to the same period in 2010. A reduction in supplies expense accounts for $8,000 of the decrease when comparing the two periods.

State tax expense represents the accrual of the Pennsylvania shares tax, which is based on the equity of the Bank, Pennsylvania sales and use tax and the Pennsylvania capital stock tax. State tax expense was $150,000 for the first quarter of 2011, an increase of $10,000 compared to the same period in 2010. The Bank’s Pennsylvania Shares Tax was $148,000 for the first quarter of 2011, an increase of $8,000 resulting from an increase in the Bank’s equity. The Corporation’s capital stock tax also increased $2,000.

FDIC insurance premium expense increased $8,000, or 3.1%, to $262,000, when comparing the first quarter of 2011 to 2010. The higher expense is primarily the result of deposit growth.

INCOME TAXES

QNB utilizes an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. As of March 31, 2011, QNB’s net deferred tax asset was $2,653,000. The primary components of deferred taxes are a deferred tax asset of $3,125,000 relating to the allowance for loan losses, a deferred tax asset of $188,000 generated by OTTI charges on equity securities and a deferred tax asset of $435,000 related to OTTI charges on trust preferred securities. Partially offsetting these deferred tax assets was a deferred tax liability of $764,000 resulting from unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities. As of March 31, 2010, QNB’s net deferred tax asset was $1,296,000. The primary components of deferred taxes at March 31, 2010 are a deferred tax asset of $2,161,000 relating to the allowance for loan losses, a deferred tax asset of $269,000 generated by OTTI charges on equity securities and a deferred tax asset of $395,000 related to OTTI charges on trust preferred securities. Partially offsetting these deferred tax assets was a deferred tax liability of $1,212,000 resulting from unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities.

The realizability of deferred tax assets is dependent upon a variety of factors, including the generation of future taxable income, the existence of taxes paid and recoverable, the reversal of deferred tax liabilities and tax planning strategies. Based upon these and other factors, management believes it is more likely than not that QNB will realize the benefits of these remaining deferred tax assets. The net deferred tax asset is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.

Applicable income taxes and the effective tax rate were $616,000, or 21.8%, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2011. Applicable income taxes and the effective rate were $512,000, or 21.9%, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2010.

 
- 56 -

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FINANCIAL CONDITION ANALYSIS

The following balance sheet analysis compares average balance sheet data for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, as well as the period ended balances as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

Average earning assets for the three-month period ended March 31, 2011 increased $58,664,000, or 8.1%, to $779,150,000 from $720,486,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2010. The mix of earning assets changed slightly when comparing the two periods. Average loans increased $25,635,000, or 5.7%, while average investment securities increased $38,084,000, or 15.1%. Average loans represented 61.2% of earning assets for the first three months of 2011, while average investment securities represented 37.3% of earning assets for the same period. This compares to 62.6% and 35.0%, respectively, for the first three months of 2010. Average other earning assets decreased $5,055,000, or 29.8%, when comparing these same periods. Given the slow-down in loan growth and the relatively low yield of 0.25% on interest-bearing deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank, the decision was made to try and stay as fully invested as possible, while still retaining adequate liquidity.

QNB’s primary business is accepting deposits and making loans to meet the credit needs of the communities it serves. Loans are the most significant component of earning assets and growth in loans to small businesses and residents of these communities has been a primary focus of QNB. Inherent within the lending function is the evaluation and acceptance of credit risk and interest rate risk. QNB manages credit risk associated with its lending activities through portfolio diversification, underwriting policies and procedures and loan monitoring practices. Total loans increased 4.9% between March 31, 2010 and March 31, 2011 but decreased 0.8% since December 31, 2010. Loan growth which had been strong for 2009 and most of 2010, slowed significantly during the fourth quarter of 2010 and the first quarter of 2011. Businesses appear to be holding off investing in new equipment or any other type of financing and are paying down their lines with excess cash. Despite the lack of demand QNB is committed to make credit available to its customers.

Average total commercial loans increased $32,583,000 when comparing the first three months of 2011 to the first three months of 2010. Most of the 9.4% growth in average commercial loans was in loans secured by real estate, either commercial or residential properties, which increased $22,709,000, or 9.5%, to $262,295,000. Commercial and industrial loans represent commercial purpose loans that are either secured by collateral other than real estate or unsecured. Many of these loans are for operating lines of credit. Average commercial and industrial loans increased $5,564,000, or 6.9%, when comparing the average balances for the three month periods while average tax-exempt loans to state and municipal organizations increased $4,310,000, or 15.5% over the same time period.

Average home equity loans continue to decline with average balances decreasing from $61,728,000 for the first quarter of 2010 to $56,903,000 for the first three months of 2011. With the decline in mortgage interest rates that took place, customers have paid down their home equity loans when they refinance their first mortgage. The other impact of the low interest rate environment is movement from fixed rate home equity loans to floating rate lines tied to prime rate.

Total investment securities were $296,312,000 at March 31, 2011 and $293,231,000 at December 31, 2010. The composition of the portfolio changed since December 31, 2010 with agency mortgage-backed securities and tax-exempt state and municipal securities increasing by $10,710,000 and $4,110,000, respectively, when comparing December 31, 2010 and March 31, 2011. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in U.S. Government agency bonds of $10,026,000 when comparing the same periods. The change in the portfolio is primarily a result of the transaction described previously whereby QNB sold lower yielding agency bonds and reinvested the proceeds into mortgage-backed securities, improving both the yield on the portfolio and the cash flow.

Collateralized debt obligations (CDO) are securities derived from the packaging of various assets with many backed by subprime mortgages. These instruments are complex and difficult to value. QNB did a review of its mortgage related securities and concluded that it has minimal exposure to subprime mortgages within its U.S. government sponsored agency (GNMA, FHLMC and FNMA) mortgage-backed and CMO investment portfolios. QNB does not own any non-agency mortgage security or CDO backed by subprime mortgages.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FINANCIAL CONDITION ANALYSIS (Continued)

QNB does own CDOs in the form of pooled trust preferred securities. These securities are comprised mainly of securities issued by banks or bank holding companies, and to a lesser degree, insurance companies. QNB owns the mezzanine tranches of these securities. These securities are structured so that the senior and mezzanine tranches are protected from defaults by over-collateralization and cash flow default protection provided by subordinated tranches. QNB holds eight of these securities with an amortized cost of $3,640,000 and a fair value of $1,915,000 at March 31, 2011. During the first quarter of 2010 a $158,000 credit-related other-than-temporary impairment charge was taken on three issues. There was no credit-related other-than-temporary impairment charge in the first quarter of 2011. It is possible that future calculations could require recording additional other-than-temporary impairment charges through earnings. For additional detail on these securities see Note 7 Investment Securities and Note 9 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.

For the most part, earning assets are funded by deposits. Total average deposits increased $56,086,000, or 8.8%, to $696,877,000 for the first three months of 2011 compared to the first three months of 2010. Customers are continuing to look for the safety of FDIC insured deposits and the stability of a strong local community bank as opposed to the volatility of the equity markets and the uncertainty of the larger regional and national banks.

Most of the increase in average deposits was in savings accounts which increased $62,155,000, or 83.4%, to $136,697,000 for the first quarter of 2011. The growth in savings accounts is largely due to the success of QNB’s newest high-rate deposit product, Online eSavings. Average non-interest bearing demand accounts increased $5,957,000, or 11.0% when comparing the three month periods with growth in business accounts being the primary contributor. Average interest-bearing demand and municipal accounts increased $5,568,000, or 6.8%, and $5,544,000, or 16.2%, respectively, when comparing the first three months of 2011 and 2010. The high yielding QNB-Rewards checking product is the primary factor behind the growth of the interest-bearing demand accounts while the growth in relationships with a couple of school districts contributed to the increase in municipal balances. Total average time deposits decreased $24,550,000, or 7.6% when comparing the two quarters as customers were looking for the liquidity of transaction accounts including the eSavings product.

Total assets at March 31, 2011 were $819,445,000 compared with $809,260,000 at December 31, 2010, an increase of $10,185,000, or 1.3%. Interest-bearing deposits in banks increased $11,781,000 when comparing December 31, 2010 to March 31, 2011. This increase is primarily the result of a $10,000,000 deposit from a school district on March 31, 2011. These funds were deployed into investment securities in April. Total loans decreased $3,788,000, or 0.8%, to $478,394,000 at March 31, 2011. As discussed previously the demand for loans by businesses and consumers has slowed dramatically.

On the liability side, total deposits increased by $12,429,000, or 1.8%, since year-end. Similar to prior periods, the growth was centered in lower-cost core deposits, including savings accounts which increased $33,663,000, or 28.5%, to $151,729,000. The increase in savings accounts was almost entirely in the Online eSavings product whose balances increased from $67,435,000 at December 31, 2010 to $99,848,000 at March 31, 2011. For the majority of the first quarter of 2011 this account was yielding 1.20%. Money market accounts decreased $10,507,000, or 13.3%, from $78,802,000 at December 31, 2010 to $68,295,000 at March 31, 2011. The majority of the decrease was in business accounts which decreased by $7,437,000. These deposits can be volatile depending on the timing of deposits and withdrawals. Time deposits declined $18,551,000, or 6.0%, from $310,232,000 at December 31, 2010 to $291,681,000 at March 31, 2011 as customers continue to look for liquidity in anticipation of rising interest rates.

Short-term borrowings declined $3,753,000 from $29,786,000 at December 31, 2010 to $26,033,000 at March 31, 2011. The majority of these balances are commercial sweep accounts which are also volatile based on businesses receipt and disbursement of funds.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

LIQUIDITY

Liquidity represents an institution’s ability to generate cash or otherwise obtain funds at reasonable rates to satisfy demand for loans and deposit withdrawals. QNB attempts to manage its mix of cash and interest-bearing balances, Federal funds sold and investment securities in an attempt to match the volatility, seasonality, interest sensitivity and growth trends of its loans and deposits. The Company manages its liquidity risk by measuring and monitoring its liquidity sources and estimated funding needs. Liquidity is provided from asset sources through maturities and repayments of loans and investment securities. The portfolio of investment securities classified as available-for-sale and QNB's policy of selling certain residential mortgage originations in the secondary market also provide sources of liquidity. Core deposits and cash management repurchase agreements have historically been the most significant funding source for QNB. These deposits and repurchase agreements are generated from a base of consumers, businesses and public funds primarily located in the Company’s market area.

Additional sources of liquidity are provided by the Bank’s membership in the FHLB. At March 31, 2011, the Bank had a maximum borrowing capacity with the FHLB of approximately $165,352,000. The maximum borrowing capacity changes as a function of qualifying collateral assets. QNB has no outstanding borrowings with the FHLB at March 31, 2011. In addition, the Bank maintains two unsecured Federal funds lines with two correspondent banks totaling $18,000,000. At March 31, 2011, there were no outstanding borrowings under these lines. Future availability under these lines is subject to the policies of the granting banks and may be withdrawn.

Total cash and cash equivalents, available-for-sale investment securities and loans held-for-sale totaled $320,815,000 and $305,704,000 at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. The increase in liquid sources is primarily the result in a $12,501,000 increase in interest-bearing deposits held at the Federal Reserve as of March 31, 2011. These sources should be adequate to meet normal fluctuations in loan demand or deposit withdrawals. With the current low interest rate environment, it is anticipated that the investment portfolio will continue to provide significant liquidity as agency and municipal bonds are called and as cash flow on mortgage-backed and CMO securities continues to be steady. In the event that interest rates would increase the cash flow available from the investment portfolio could decrease.

Approximately $126,445,000 and $133,446,000 of available-for-sale securities at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, were pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements and deposits of public funds.

As an additional source of liquidity, QNB is a member of the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS) program offered by the Promontory Interfinancial Network, LLC. CDARS is a funding and liquidity management tool  used by banks to access funds and manage their balance sheet. It enables financial institutions to provide customers with full FDIC insurance on time deposits over $250,000 that are placed in the program. During the second quarter of 2011, QNB plans to offer Insured Cash Sweep (ICS), a product similar to CDARS, but one that provides liquidity like a money market or savings account.

CAPITAL ADEQUACY

A strong capital position is fundamental to support continued growth and profitability and to serve the needs of depositors. QNB's shareholders' equity at March 31, 2011 was $62,683,000, or 7.65% of total assets, compared to shareholders' equity of $61,090,000, or 7.55% of total assets, at December 31, 2010. Shareholders’ equity at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 included a positive adjustment of $1,483,000 and $1,539,000, respectively, related to unrealized holding gains, net of taxes, on investment securities available-for-sale. Without these adjustments, shareholders' equity to total assets would have been 7.47% and 7.36% at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

Average shareholders' equity and average total assets were $60,896,000 and $806,289,000 for the first three months of 2011, an increase of 5.7% and 3.8%, respectively, from the averages for the year ended December 31, 2010. The ratio of average total equity to average total assets was 7.55% for the first three months of 2011 compared to 7.42% for all of 2010.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

CAPITAL ADEQUACY (Continued)

QNB is subject to various regulatory capital requirements as issued by Federal regulatory authorities. Regulatory capital is defined in terms of Tier I capital (shareholders’ equity excluding unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale debt securities and disallowed intangible assets), Tier II capital, which includes the allowable portion of the allowance for loan losses which is limited to 1.25% of risk-weighted assets and a portion of the unrealized gains on equity securities, and total capital (Tier I plus Tier II). Risk-based capital ratios are expressed as a percentage of risk-weighted assets. Risk-weighted assets are determined by assigning various weights to all assets and off-balance sheet arrangements, such as letters of credit
and loan commitments, based on associated risk. Regulators have also adopted minimum Tier I leverage ratio standards, which measure the ratio of Tier I capital to total quarterly average assets.

The following table sets forth consolidated information for QNB Corp.:

Capital Analysis
           
   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
Tier I
           
Shareholder's equity
  $ 62,683     $ 61,090  
Net unrealized securities gains
    (1,483 )     (1,539 )
Total Tier I risk-based capital
  $ 61,200     $ 59,551  
                 
Tier II
               
Allowable portion: Allowance for loan losses
  $ 7,111     $ 7,100  
Unrealized gains on equity securities
    284       281  
Total risk-based capital
  $ 68,595     $ 66,932  
Risk-weighted assets
  $ 566,770     $ 566,109  
Average assets
  $ 806,289     $ 802,144  
                 
Capital Ratios
               
   
March 31, 2011
   
December 31, 2010
 
Tier I capital/risk-weighted assets
    10.80 %     10.52 %
Total risk-based capital/risk-weighted assets
    12.10 %     11.82 %
Tier I capital/average assets (leverage ratio)
    7.59 %     7.42 %

The minimum regulatory capital ratios are 4.00% for Tier I, 8.00% for the total risk-based capital and 4.00% for leverage. QNB had a Tier I capital ratio of 10.80% and 10.52%, a total risk-based ratio of 12.10% and 11.82% and a leverage ratio of 7.59% and 7.42% at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

All capital ratios have improved from December 31, 2010 as the growth rate of Tier I and total risk based capital has exceeded the growth rate of risk-weighted assets and quarterly average assets. During the first quarter of 2010, QNB began offering a Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (the “Plan”) to provide participants a convenient and economical method for investing cash dividends paid on the Company’s common stock in additional shares at a discount. The Plan also allows participants to make additional cash purchases of stock at a discount. Stock purchases under the Plan contributed $170,000 to capital during first quarter of 2011.

The Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to 100,000 shares of its common stock in open market or privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase authorization does not bear a termination date. As of March 31, 2011, 57,883 shares were repurchased under this authorization at an average price of $16.97 and a total cost of $982,000. There were no shares repurchased under the plan since the first quarter of 2009.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

CAPITAL ADEQUACY (Continued)

Continuing to impact risk-weighted assets is the $27,405,000 of risk-weighted assets due to mezzanine tranches of pooled trust preferred securities that were downgraded below investment grade during the first quarter of 2009. Although the amortized cost of these securities was only $3,640,000 at March 31, 2011, regulatory guidance required an additional $27,405,000 to be included in risk-weighted assets. The Bank utilized the method as outlined in the Call Report Instructions for an available-for-sale bond that has not triggered the Low Level Exposure (LLE) rule. The mezzanine tranches of CDOs that utilized this method of risk-weighting are five out of eight pooled trust preferred securities (PreTSLs) held by the Bank as of March 31, 2011. The other 3 pooled trust preferred securities have only one tranche remaining so the treatment noted above does not apply.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 established five capital level designations ranging from "well capitalized" to "critically undercapitalized." At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, management believes that the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject and have met the "well capitalized" criteria which requires minimum Tier I and total risk-based capital ratios of 6.00% and 10.00%, respectively, and a leverage ratio of 5.00%.

INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY

Since the assets and liabilities of QNB have diverse repricing characteristics that influence net interest income, management analyzes interest sensitivity through the use of gap analysis and simulation models. Interest rate sensitivity management seeks to minimize the effect of interest rate changes on net interest margins and interest rate spreads and to provide growth in net interest income through periods of changing interest rates. QNB’s Asset/Liability Management Committee (ALCO) is responsible for managing interest rate risk and for evaluating the impact of changing interest rate conditions on net interest income.

Gap analysis measures the difference between volumes of rate-sensitive assets and liabilities and quantifies these repricing differences for various time intervals. Static gap analysis describes interest rate sensitivity at a point in time. However, it alone does not accurately measure the magnitude of changes in net interest income because changes in interest rates do not impact all categories of assets and liabilities equally or simultaneously. Interest rate sensitivity analysis also involves assumptions on certain categories of assets and deposits. For purposes of interest rate sensitivity analysis, assets and liabilities are stated at their contractual maturity, estimated likely call date, or earliest repricing opportunity. Mortgage-backed securities, CMOs and amortizing loans are scheduled based on their anticipated cash flow. Interest-bearing demand accounts, money market accounts and savings accounts do not have stated maturities or repricing terms and can be withdrawn or repriced at any time. This may impact QNB’s margin if more expensive alternative sources of deposits or borrowed funds are required to fund loans or deposit runoff. Management projects the repricing characteristics of these accounts based on historical performance and assumptions that it believes reflect their rate sensitivity.

A positive gap results when the amount of interest rate sensitive assets exceeds interest rate sensitive liabilities. A negative gap results when the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities exceeds interest rate sensitive assets. Generally a positive or asset sensitive position is beneficial in a rising rate environment while a negative gap or liability sensitive position is beneficial in a declining rate environment.

QNB primarily focuses on the management of the one-year interest rate sensitivity gap. The one-year cumulative gap, which reflects QNB’s interest sensitivity over a period of time, was a negative $76,323,000 at March 31, 2011. The cumulative one-year gap equals -9.5% of total rate sensitive assets. This position compares to a negative gap position of $138,751,000, or -17.5% of total rate sensitive assets, at December 31, 2010. The decrease in the negative gap position is primarily the result of a decrease in the amount of time deposits scheduled to reprice over the next twelve months. As of December 31, 2010 there were $232,201,000 of time deposits scheduled to reprice in 2011 with $104,417,000 scheduled to reprice during the first quarter of 2011. This compares to $168,255,000 in time deposits as of March 31, 2011 scheduled to reprice over the next twelve months. QNB was successful in retaining the majority of these time deposits usually in a lower cost time deposit or in the online eSavings product. Total time deposits decreased $18,551,000 between December 31, 2010 and March 31, 2011 while savings account balances increased $33,663,000 during this same time period.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY (Continued)

QNB also uses a simulation model to assess the impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income. The model reflects management’s assumptions related to asset yields and rates paid on liabilities, deposit sensitivity, and the size, composition and maturity or repricing characteristics of the balance sheet. The assumptions are based on the interest rate environment at period end. Management also evaluates the impact of higher and lower interest rates by simulating the impact on net interest income of changing rates. While management performs rate shocks of 100, 200 and 300 basis points, it believes that, given the level of interest rates at March 31, 2011, it is unlikely that interest rates would decline by 200 or 300 basis points. The simulation results can be found in the chart below.

Net interest income declines in a falling rate environment. This result reflects that income on earning assets would decline to a greater degree than the expense associated with interest-bearing liabilities. In a lower rate environment, the cash flow or repricing characteristics from both the loan and investment portfolios would increase and be reinvested at lower rates resulting in less income. Loan customers would likely either refinance their fixed rate loans at lower rates or request rate reductions on their existing loans. While interest expense on time deposits could decrease slightly, the interest rate floors on some municipal interest-bearing demand accounts, hypothetical interest rate floors on interest-bearing transaction accounts, money market accounts and savings accounts would prevent a significant reduction in interest expense on these accounts.

In a rising rate environment net interest income is stable as interest income on loans and investment securities increases at approximately the same rate that interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities does. Actual results may differ from simulated results due to various factors including time, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, the relationship or spread between various rates, loan pricing and deposit sensitivity, and asset/liability strategies.

The results of the simulation model are inconsistent with the anticipated results from using GAP analysis and highlight some of the weakness of just using GAP analysis which for example does not take into consideration that rates on different products do not change by the same magnitude and does not take into consideration interest rates floors and caps.
 
Management believes that the assumptions utilized in evaluating the vulnerability of QNB’s net interest income to changes in interest rates approximate actual experience. However, the interest rate sensitivity of QNB’s assets and liabilities as well as the estimated effect of changes in interest rates on net interest income could vary substantially if different assumptions are used or actual experience differs from the experience on which the assumptions were based.

The nature of QNB’s current operation is such that it is not subject to foreign currency exchange or commodity price risk. At March 31, 2011, QNB did not have any hedging transactions in place such as interest rate swaps, caps or floors.

The table below summarizes estimated changes in net interest income over a twelve-month period, under alternative interest rate scenarios.

Change in Interest Rates
 
Net Interest Income
   
Dollar Change
   
% Change
 
+300 Basis Points
  $ 29,145     $ 66       0.2 %
+200 Basis Points
    29,189       110       0.4  
+100 Basis Points
    29,149       70       0.2  
Flat Rate
    29,079       -       -  
-100 Basis Points
    27,810       (1,269 )     (4.4 )

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK.

The information required in response to this item is set forth in Item 2, above.

ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We maintain a system of controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance as to the reliability of the consolidated financial statements and other disclosures included in this report, as well as to safeguard assets from unauthorized use or disposition. We evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. No changes were made to our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

MARCH 31, 2011

Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
 
None.

Item 1A.
Risk Factors
 
There were no material changes to the Risk Factors described in Item 1A in QNB’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2010.

Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
Period
 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
   
Average Price
Paid per Share
   
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
   
Maximum
Number of
Shares that may
yet be Purchased
Under the Plan
 
                         
January 1, 2011 through January 31, 2011
    -       -       -       42,117  
February 1, 2011 through February 28, 2011
    -       -       -       42,117  
March 1, 2011 through March 31, 2011
    -       -       -       42,117  
Total
    -       -       -       42,117  

(1)
Transactions are reported as of settlement dates.
(2)
QNB’s current stock repurchase plan was approved by its Board of Directors and announced on January 24, 2008 and subsequently increased on February 9, 2009.
(3)
The total number of shares approved for repurchase under QNB’s current stock repurchase plan is 100,000.
(4)
QNB’s current stock repurchase plan has no expiration date.
(5)
QNB has no stock repurchase plan that it has determined to terminate or under which it does not  intend to make further purchases.

Item 3.
Default Upon Senior Securities
 
None.

Item 4.
(Removed and Reserved)


Item 5.
Other Information
 
None.

 
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Item 6.
Exhibits
 
Exhibit 3(i)
 
Articles of Incorporation of Registrant, as amended. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) of Registrants Form DEF 14-A filed with the Commission on April 15, 2005).
     
Exhibit 3(ii)
 
Bylaws of Registrant, as amended. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) of Registrants Form 8-K filed with the Commission on January 23, 2006).
     
Exhibit 11
 
Statement Re: Computation of Earnings Per Share. (Included in Part I, Item I, hereof.)
     
Exhibit 31.1
 
Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
     
Exhibit 31.2
 
Section 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
     
Exhibit 32.1
 
Section 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
     
Exhibit 32.2
 
Section 906 Certification of Chief Financial Officer

 
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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 
QNB Corp.
   
Date:
May 16, 2011
 
By:
   
 
/s/ Thomas J. Bisko
 
Thomas J. Bisko
 
Chief Executive Officer
   
Date:
May 16, 2011
 
By:
   
 
/s/ Bret H. Krevolin
 
Bret H. Krevolin
 
Chief Financial Officer