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QNB CORP - Quarter Report: 2012 March (Form 10-Q)

f10q0312_qnb.htm


 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC  20549


 
FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)
  ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012    
 
OR
  ¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                    to                   
 
Commission file number   0-17706
 
QNB Corp.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
 
Pennsylvania    23-2318082
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)    (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
15 North Third Street, P.O. Box 9005 Quakertown, PA      18951-9005
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)     (Zip Code)
 
Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code (215) 538-5600
 
Not Applicable   
Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report.

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ    No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes þ   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer  o                                                                 Accelerated filer                       o                     
Non-accelerated filer    o                                                                 Smaller Reporting Company   þ

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o   No þ
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
 
Class    Outstanding at May 3, 2012
Common Stock, par value $0.625      3,189,739
 
 
 
 

 

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY
FORM 10-Q
QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2012

INDEX

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
PAGE
     
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011
  3
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
  4
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
  5
     
 
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
  6
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
  7
     
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
8
     
ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
  43
   
 
ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
  67
 
     
 
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
67
     
 PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
     
ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
68
     
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
68
     
ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
  68
     
ITEM 3.
DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
68
     
ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
68
     
ITEM 5.
OTHER INFORMATION
68
     
ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
69
     
SIGNATURES
  70
     
CERTIFICATIONS
 
     
 
 
-2-

 
 
QNB Corp. and Subsidiary
           
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
           
 
    (in thousands, except share data)  
   
(unaudited)
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Assets
           
Cash and due from banks  
  $ 11,857     $ 9,736  
Interest-bearing deposits in banks  
    19,900       819  
Total cash and cash equivalents  
    31,757       10,555  
                 
Investment securities
               
Available-for-sale (amortized cost $344,178 and $341,023)  
    350,955       348,091  
Held-to-maturity (fair value $854 and $1,365)  
    827       1,327  
Restricted investment in bank stocks  
    1,687       1,775  
Loans held-for-sale  
    643       935  
Total loans, net of unearned fees and costs  
    479,474       489,936  
Allowance for loan losses  
    (9,456 )     (9,241 )
Net loans  
    470,018       480,695  
Bank-owned life insurance  
    9,809       9,728  
Premises and equipment, net  
    8,182       7,604  
Accrued interest receivable 
    3,164       2,990  
Other assets  
    5,898       5,104  
Total assets  
  $ 882,940     $ 868,804  
                 
Liabilities
               
Deposits
               
Demand, non-interest bearing  
  $ 67,464     $ 66,850  
Interest-bearing demand  
    151,310       151,349  
Money market  
    75,532       79,856  
Savings  
    185,173       167,633  
Time  
    183,230       185,785  
Time of $100,000 or more  
    102,059       99,239  
Total deposits  
    764,768       750,712  
Short-term borrowings  
    22,349       24,021  
Long-term debt  
    20,295       20,299  
Accrued interest payable  
    721       789  
Other liabilities  
    2,265       2,142  
Total liabilities 
    810,398       797,963  
                 
Shareholders' Equity
               
Common stock, par value $0.625 per share;
               
authorized 10,000,000 shares; 3,354,308 shares and 3,338,814
               
shares issued; 3,189,739 and 3,174,245 shares outstanding  
    2,096       2,087  
Surplus  
    11,918       11,679  
Retained earnings  
    56,531       54,886  
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax  
    4,473       4,665  
Treasury stock, at cost; 164,569 shares  
    (2,476 )     (2,476 )
Total shareholders' equity  
    72,542       70,841  
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity  
  $ 882,940     $ 868,804  
                 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements
               
 
 
 
-3-

 
 
QNB Corp. and Subsidiary
           
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
           
      (in thousands, except share data - unaudited)  
Three months ended March 31,
 
2012
   
2011
 
Interest Income
           
Interest and fees on loans  
  $ 6,278     $ 6,714  
Interest and dividends on investment securities:
               
Taxable  
    1,642       1,715  
Tax-exempt  
    704       659  
Interest on interest-bearing balances and other interest income  
    9       7  
Total interest income  
    8,633       9,095  
                 
Interest Expense
               
Interest on deposits
               
Interest-bearing demand  
    167       190  
Money market  
    71       94  
Savings  
    315       282  
Time  
    629       836  
Time of $100,000 or more  
    374       440  
Interest on short-term borrowings  
    27       55  
Interest on long-term debt  
    244       241  
Total interest expense  
    1,827       2,138  
Net interest income  
    6,806       6,957  
Provision for loan losses  
    300       650  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses  
    6,506       6,307  
                 
Non-Interest Income
               
Net gain (loss) on sale of investment securities  
    389       (43 )
Fees for services to customers  
    339       327  
ATM and debit card  
    364       328  
Bank-owned life insurance  
    78       110  
Merchant income  
    85       62  
Net gain on sale of loans  
    227       39  
Other  
    84       117  
Total non-interest income 
    1,566       940  
                 
Non-Interest Expense
               
Salaries and employee benefits  
    2,626       2,387  
Net occupancy  
    424       397  
Furniture and equipment  
    330       303  
Marketing  
    201       175  
Third party services  
    339       248  
Telephone, postage and supplies  
    150       148  
State taxes  
    160       150  
FDIC insurance premiums 
    180       262  
Other  
    441       350  
Total non-interest expense  
    4,851       4,420  
Income before income taxes  
    3,221       2,827  
Provision for income taxes  
    750       616  
Net Income  
  $ 2,471     $ 2,211  
Earnings Per Share - Basic  
  $ 0.78     $ 0.71  
Earnings Per Share - Diluted  
  $ 0.77     $ 0.70  
Cash Dividends Per Share  
  $ 0.26     $ 0.25  
                 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements
               
 
 
-4-

 

QNB Corp. and Subsidiary
           
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
           
 
    (in thousands, unaudited)  
Three months ended March 31,
 
2012
   
2011
 
Net income
  $ 2,471     $ 2,211  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
               
Unrealized holding (losses) gains on securities:
               
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period  
    65       (84 )
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income  
    (257 )     28  
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
    (192 )     (56 )
Comprehensive income
  $ 2,279     $ 2,155  
                 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements
               
 
 
-5-

 
 
QNB Corp. and Subsidiary
                                         
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
                         
 
                                           
                           
Accumulated
             
   
Number of
                     
other
             
(in thousands, except share data)
 
shares
   
Common
         
Retained
   
comprehensive
   
Treasury
       
(unaudited)
 
outstanding
   
stock
   
Surplus
   
earnings
   
income
   
stock
   
Total
 
Balance, December 31, 2011
    3,174,245     $ 2,087     $ 11,679     $ 54,886     $ 4,665     $ (2,476 )   $ 70,841  
Net income  
    -       -       -       2,471               -       2,471  
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax  
    -       -       -       -       (192 )     -       (192 )
Cash dividends declared ($0.26 per share) 
    -       -       -       (826 )     -       -       (826 )
Stock issued in connection with dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plan  
    8,534       5       191       -       -       -       196  
Stock issued for options exercised  
    6,960       4       28       -       -       -       32  
Tax benefit of stock options exercised  
    -       -       4       -       -       -       4  
Stock-based compensation expense 
    -       -       16       -       -       -       16  
Balance, March 31, 2012
    3,189,739     $ 2,096     $ 11,918     $ 56,531     $ 4,473     $ (2,476 )   $ 72,542  
                                   
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements
   
 
 
-6-

 
 
QNB Corp. and Subsidiary
           
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
           
 
    (in thousands, unaudited)  
Three months ended March 31,
 
2012
   
2011
 
Operating Activities
           
Net income
  $ 2,471     $ 2,211  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization  
    218       196  
Provision for loan losses  
    300       650  
Net (gains) losses on investment securities available-for-sale  
    (389 )     43  
Net loss on sale of repossessed assets  
    -       8  
Net gain on sale of loans  
    (227 )     (39 )
Proceeds from sales of residential mortgages held-for-sale  
    5,491       2,711  
Originations of residential mortgages held-for-sale  
    (4,972 )     (2,559 )
Income on bank-owned life insurance 
    (78 )     (110 )
Stock-based compensation expense  
    16       12  
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)  
    87       (52 )
Net increase in income taxes payable  
    558       645  
Net (increase) decrease in accrued interest receivable  
    (174 )     33  
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights and change in valuation allowance  
    35       22  
Net amortization (accretion) of premiums and discounts on investment securities 
    475       313  
Net decrease in accrued interest payable  
    (67 )     (207 )
Increase in other assets 
    (449 )     (336 )
Decrease in other liabilities  
    (357 )     (396 )
Net cash provided by operating activities  
    2,938       3,145  
Investing Activities
               
Proceeds from maturities and calls of investment securities
               
available-for-sale  
    38,242       25,780  
held-to-maturity  
    500       825  
Proceeds from the sale of investment securities
               
available-for-sale 
    6,185       17,856  
Purchases of investment securities
               
available-for-sale  
    (47,668 )     (47,983 )
Proceeds from redemption of investment in restricted bank stock  
    88       108  
Net decrease in loans  
    9,857       3,352  
Redemption of Bank Owned Life Insurance investment  
    -       95  
Net purchases of premises and equipment  
    (796 )     (64 )
Proceeds from sales of repossessed assets  
    70       104  
Net cash provided by investing activities 
    6,478       73  
Financing Activities
               
Net increase in non-interest bearing deposits 
    614       6,504  
Net increase in interest-bearing deposits  
    13,442       5,925  
Net decrease in short-term borrowings  
    (1,672 )     (3,753 )
Repayments of long-term debt  
    (4 )     (2 )
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options  
    4       3  
Cash dividends paid, net of reinvestment  
    (752 )     (726 )
Proceeds from issuance of common stock  
    154       149  
Net cash provided by financing activities  
    11,786       8,100  
Increase in cash and cash equivalents  
    21,202       11,318  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year  
    10,555       14,912  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period  
  $ 31,757     $ 26,230  
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
               
Interest paid 
  $ 1,895     $ 2,345  
Income taxes paid  
    100       -  
Non-cash transactions
               
Transfer of loans to repossessed assets or other real estate owned  
    520       23  
                 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements
               
 
 
-7-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of QNB Corp. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, QNB Bank (the Bank). The consolidated entity is referred to herein as “QNB” or the “Company”. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in QNB's 2011 Annual Report incorporated in the Form 10-K. Operating results for the three month period ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2012.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for the interim periods and are of a normal and recurring nature. Certain items in the 2011 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2012 financial statement presentation format.

Tabular information, other than share and per share data, is presented in thousands of dollars.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from such estimates.

The Company has evaluated events and transactions occurring subsequent to the balance sheet date of March 31, 2012, for items that should potentially be recognized or disclosed in these financial statements.


2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

 In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-03 Transfers and Servicing (Topic 860) — Reconsideration of Effective Control for Repurchase Agreements. Under the amended guidance, a transferor maintains effective control over transferred financial assets if there is an agreement that both entitles and obligates the transferor to repurchase the financial assets before maturity. In addition, the following requirements must be met: (a) the financial asset to be repurchased or redeemed is the same or substantially the same as those transferred, (b) the agreement is to repurchase or redeem the transferred financial asset before maturity at a fixed or determinable price, and (c) the agreement is entered into contemporaneously with, or in contemplation of the transfer. This guidance is effective prospectively for transactions, or modifications of existing transactions, that occur on or after the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011. The adoption of the guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04 Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. This ASU amends FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, to bring U.S. GAAP for fair value measurements in line with International Accounting Standards. The ASU clarifies existing guidance for items such as:  the application of the highest and best use concept to non-financial assets and liabilities; the application of fair value measurement to financial instruments classified in a reporting entity’s stockholders’ equity; and disclosure requirements regarding quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of level 3 assets. The ASU also creates an exception to Topic 820 for entities which carry financial instruments within a portfolio or group, under which the entity is now permitted to base the price used for fair valuation upon a price that would be received to sell the net asset position or transfer a net liability position in an orderly transaction. The ASU also allows for the application of premiums and discounts in a fair value measurement if the financial instrument is categorized in level 2 or 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Lastly, the ASU contains new disclosure requirements regarding fair value amounts categorized as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy such as:  disclosure of the valuation process used; effects of and relationships between unobservable inputs; usage of nonfinancial assets for purposes other than their highest and best use when that is the basis of the disclosed fair value; and categorization by level of items disclosed at fair value, but not measured at fair value for
 
 
 
-8-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
 
2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (continued)

financial statement purposes. This ASU is effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of the guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The additional disclosures are included in Note 9 of the unaudited financial statements.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05 Presentation of Comprehensive Income. The provisions of this ASU amend FASB ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income, to facilitate the continued alignment of U.S. GAAP with International Accounting Standards. The ASU prohibits the presentation of the components of comprehensive income in the statement of stockholders’ equity. Reporting entities are allowed to present either:  a statement of comprehensive income, which reports both net income and other comprehensive income; or separate statements of net income and other comprehensive income. Under previous GAAP, all three presentations were acceptable. Regardless of the presentation selected, the reporting entity is required to present all reclassifications between other comprehensive and net income on the face of the new statement or statements. The provisions of this ASU are effective for the Company for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 31, 2011. QNB has included a separate statement of comprehensive income in these unaudited financial statements to address the new required presentation.

In December, 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, Deferral of the Effective Date to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update 2011-05. In response to stakeholder concerns regarding the operational ramifications of the presentation of these reclassifications for current and previous years, the FASB has deferred the implementation date of this provision to allow time for further consideration. The requirement in ASU 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income, for the presentation of a combined statement of comprehensive income or separate, but consecutive, statements of net income and other comprehensive income is still effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of the guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

QNB sponsors stock-based compensation plans, administered by a Committee, under which both qualified and non-qualified stock options may be granted periodically to certain employees. Compensation cost has been measured using the fair value of an award on the grant date and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period.

Stock-based compensation expense was approximately $16,000 and $12,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. As of March 31, 2012, there was approximately $125,000 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation award grants that is expected to be recognized over the next 34 months.

Options are granted to certain employees at prices equal to the market value of the stock on the date the options are granted. The 1998 Plan authorized the issuance of 220,500 shares. The time period during which any option is exercisable under the Plan is determined by the Committee but shall not commence before the expiration of six months after the date of grant or continue beyond the expiration of ten years after the date the option is awarded. The granted options vest ratably over a three-year period. As of March 31, 2012, there were 225,058 options granted, 28,444 options forfeited, 135,114 options exercised and 61,500 options outstanding under this Plan. The 1998 Plan expired on March 10, 2008, therefore no further options can be granted under this Plan.

The 2005 Plan authorizes the issuance of 200,000 shares. The terms of the 2005 Plan are identical to the 1998 Plan, except options expire five years after the grant date. As of March 31, 2012, there were 123,200 options granted, 41,175 options forfeited and 82,025 options outstanding under this Plan. The 2005 Plan expires March 15, 2015.

 
-9-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (continued)
 
 
The fair value of each option is amortized into compensation expense on a straight-line basis between the grant date for the option and each vesting date. QNB estimated the fair value of stock options on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The model requires the use of numerous assumptions, many of which are highly subjective in nature.

The following assumptions were used in the option pricing model in determining the fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31:
 
Options granted:
 
2012
   
2011
 
Risk-free interest rate
    0.39 %     1.96 %
Dividend yield
    4.68       5.02  
Volatility
    33.81       29.83  
Expected life (years)
    5.00       5.00  
                 
                                                    
The risk-free interest rate was selected based upon yields of U.S. Treasury issues with a term approximating the expected life of the option being valued. Historical information was the primary basis for the selection of the expected dividend yield, expected volatility and expected lives of the options.

The fair market value of options granted in the first three months of 2012 and 2011 was $3.81 and $3.24, respectively.

Stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2012 is as follows:
 
   
Number
of options
   
Weighted
average
exercise price
   
Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (in yrs.)
   
Aggregate
intrinsic
value
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2012
    156,275     $ 21.93              
Exercised
    (20,700 )     16.13              
Forfeited
    (12,050 )     25.15              
Granted
    20,000       21.35              
Outstanding at March 31, 2012
    143,525     $ 22.41       2.5     $ 661  
Exercisable at March 31, 2012
    86,625     $ 24.09       1.5     $ 340  
 
4. SHARE REPURCHASE PLAN

The Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to 100,000 shares of its common stock in open market or privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase authorization does not bear a termination date. There were no shares repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2012. As of March 31, 2012, 57,883 shares were repurchased under this authorization at an average price of $16.97 and a total cost of $982,000.
 
 
-10-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
5. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2012
   
2011
 
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share - net income
  $ 2,471     $ 2,211  
Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted average shares outstanding
    3,180,903       3,134,449  
Effect of dilutive securities - employee stock options
    11,731       10,790  
Denominator for diluted earnings per share - adjusted weighted average shares outstanding
    3,192,634       3,145,239  
Earnings per share-basic
  $ 0.78     $ 0.71  
Earnings per share-diluted
  $ 0.77     $ 0.70  
 
There were 52,300 and 61,850 stock options that were anti-dilutive for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. These stock options were not included in the above calculation.
 
 
6. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For QNB, the sole component of other comprehensive income is the unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities.

The following shows the components and activity of comprehensive income during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
Three months ended March 31, 2012
 
Pretax
   
Tax effect
   
After-tax
 
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period
  $ 98     $ (33 )   $ 65  
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income
    (389 )     132       (257 )
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
  $ (291 )   $ 99     $ (192 )
                         
 
Three months ended March 31, 2011
 
Pretax
   
Tax effect
   
After-tax
 
Unrealized holding losses arising during the period
  $ (128 )   $ 44     $ (84 )
Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income
    43       (15 )     28  
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
  $ (85 )   $ 29     $ (56 )
                         
 
 
 
-11-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES
 
The amortized cost and estimated fair values of investment securities available-for-sale at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were as follows:
 
Available-for-Sale
                       
March 31, 2012
                       
         
Gross
   
Gross
       
         
unrealized
   
unrealized
       
   
Fair
   
holding
   
holding
   
Amortized
 
   
value
   
gains
   
losses
   
cost
 
U.S. Government agency securities
  $ 66,556     $ 525     $ 74     $ 66,105  
State and municipal securities
    78,472       2,550       75       75,997  
U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises (GSEs) - residential:
                         
      Mortgage-backed securities
    116,965       3,357       51       113,659  
      Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    80,454       1,642       35       78,847  
Pooled trust preferred securities
    2,054       38       1,624       3,640  
Corporate debt securities
    2,496       47       7       2,456  
Equity securities
    3,958       503       19       3,474  
     Total investment securities available-for-sale
  $ 350,955     $ 8,662     $ 1,885     $ 344,178  
 
                         
December 31, 2011
                       
         
Gross
   
Gross
       
         
unrealized
   
unrealized
       
   
Fair
   
holding
   
holding
   
Amortized
 
   
value
   
gains
   
losses
   
cost
 
U.S. Government agency securities
  $ 68,493     $ 635     $ 5     $ 67,863  
State and municipal securities
    78,786       2,861       6       75,931  
U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises (GSEs) - residential:
                         
      Mortgage-backed securities
    113,243       3,169       16       110,090  
      Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    79,345       1,577       27       77,795  
Pooled trust preferred securities
    1,929       12       1,723       3,640  
Corporate debt securities
    2,495       44       4       2,455  
Equity securities
    3,800       610       59       3,249  
     Total investment securities available-for-sale
  $ 348,091     $ 8,908     $ 1,840     $ 341,023  
                                 
 
 
-12-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (continued)

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale by contractual maturity at March 31, 2012 are shown in the following table. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities are assigned to categories based on contractual maturity except for mortgage-backed securities and CMOs which are based on the estimated average life of these securities.
 
         
Amortized
 
   
Fair value
   
cost
 
Due in one year or less
  $ 14,335     $ 14,068  
Due after one year through five years
    214,928       210,117  
Due after five years through ten years
    65,542       64,440  
Due after ten years
    52,192       52,078  
Equity securities
    3,958       3,475  
Total investment securities available-for-sale
  $ 350,955     $ 344,178  
 
Proceeds from sales of investment securities available-for-sale were $6,185,000 and $17,856,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, investment securities available-for-sale totaling $135,391,000 and $158,189,000, respectively, were pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements and deposits of public funds.

The following table presents information related to the Company’s gains and losses on the sales of equity and debt securities, and losses recognized for the other-than-temporary impairment of these investments. Gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are computed on the specific identification method and included in non-interest income. Gross realized losses on equity and debt securities are net of other-than-temporary impairment charges:

Three months ended March 31, 2012:
                       
               
Other-than-
       
   
Gross
   
Gross
   
temporary
       
   
realized
   
realized
   
impairment
       
   
gains
   
losses
   
losses
   
Net gains
 
Equity securities
  $ 386     $ -     $ -     $ 386  
Debt securities
    3       -       -       3  
Total
  $ 389     $ -     $ -     $ 389  
 
 
Three months ended March 31, 2011:
                       
               
Other-than-
       
   
Gross
   
Gross
   
temporary
       
   
realized
   
realized
   
impairment
   
Net gains
 
   
gains
   
losses
   
losses
   
(losses)
 
Equity securities
  $ 126     $ -     $ -     $ 126  
Debt securities
    184       (353 )     -       (169 )
Total
  $ 310     $ (353 )   $ -     $ (43 )

 
 
-13-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (continued)

The tax expense applicable to the net realized gains for the period ended March 31, 2012 amounted to $132,000. The tax benefit applicable to the net realized losses for the period ended March 31, 2011 was $15,000

QNB recognizes OTTI for debt securities classified as available-for-sale in accordance with FASB ASC 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities, which requires that we assess whether we intend to sell or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current-period credit losses. For debt securities that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and that we do not intend to sell and will not be required to sell prior to recovery of our amortized cost basis, the amount of the impairment is separated into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and is the difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows discounted at the security’s effective yield. The remaining difference between the security’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash flows is due to factors that are not credit related and, therefore, is not required to be recognized as a loss in the income statement, but is recognized in other comprehensive income. For equity securities, once a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the value of the equity security is reduced to fair value and a corresponding charge to earnings is recognized. QNB believes that we will fully collect the carrying value of securities on which we have recorded a non-credit related impairment in other comprehensive income.

The following table presents a rollforward of the credit loss component recognized in earnings. The credit loss component of the amortized cost represents the difference between the present value of expected future cash flows and the amortized cost basis of the security prior to considering credit losses. The beginning balance represents the credit loss component for debt securities for which OTTI occurred prior to January 1, 2012. Credit-impaired debt securities must be presented in two components based upon whether the current period is the first time the debt security was credit-impaired (initial credit impairment) or is not the first time the debt security was credit-impaired (subsequent credit impairments). No credit impairments were recognized in 2012. The following table presents a summary of the cumulative credit-related other-than-temporary impairment charges recognized as components of earnings for debt securities still held by QNB:
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2012
   
2011
 
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 1,279     $ 1,279  
Additions:
               
      Initial credit impairments
    -       -  
      Subsequent credit impairments
    -       -  
Balance, end of period
  $ 1,279     $ 1,279  
 
The amortized cost and estimated fair values of investment securities held-to-maturity at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were as follows:
 
Held-To-Maturity
                                               
   
March 31, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
         
Gross
   
Gross
               
Gross
   
Gross
       
         
unrealized
   
unrealized
               
unrealized
   
unrealized
       
   
Amortized
   
holding
   
holding
   
Fair
   
Amortized
   
holding
   
holding
   
Fair
 
   
cost
   
gains
   
losses
   
value
   
cost
   
gains
   
losses
   
value
 
State and municipal securities
  $ 827     $ 27       -     $ 854     $ 1,327     $ 38       -     $ 1,365  

 
-14-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (continued)

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities held-to-maturity by contractual maturity at March 31, 2012 are shown in the following table. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
 
         
Amortized
 
   
Fair value
   
cost
 
Due in one year or less
  $ 541     $ 540  
Due after one year through five years
    168       146  
Due after five years through ten years
    145       141  
Due after ten years
    -       -  
Total investment securities held-to-maturity
  $ 854     $ 827  
 
There were no sales of investment securities classified as held-to-maturity during the three months ended March 31, 2012 or 2011.

The following table indicates the length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
March 31, 2012
                                         
         
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or longer
   
Total
 
   
No. of
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
   
securities
   
value
   
losses
   
value
   
losses
   
value
   
losses
 
U.S. Government agency securities
    19     $ 20,980     $ 74       -       -     $ 20,980     $ 74  
State and municipal securities
    10       4,514       75       -       -       4,514       75  
Mortgage-backed securities
    7       10,235       51       -       -       10,235       51  
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    8       9,560       35       -       -       9,560       35  
Pooled trust preferred securities
    5       -       -     $ 1,593     $ 1,624       1,593       1,624  
Corporate debt securities
    1       993       7       -       -       993       7  
Equity securities
    4       440       19       -       -       440       19  
Total
    54     $ 46,722     $ 261     $ 1,593     $ 1,624     $ 48,315     $ 1,885  
 

December 31, 2011
                                         
         
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or longer
   
Total
 
   
No. of
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
   
securities
   
value
   
losses
   
value
   
losses
   
value
   
losses
 
U.S. Government agency securities
    6     $ 6,995     $ 5       -       -     $ 6,995     $ 5  
State and municipal securities
    5       1,772       5     $ 302     $ 1       2,074       6  
Mortgage-backed securities
    4       7,531       16       -       -       7,531       16  
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    6       7,270       27       -       -       7,270       27  
Pooled trust preferred securities
    5       -       -       1,495       1,723       1,495       1,723  
Corporate debt securities
    2       2,000       4       -       -       2,000       4  
Equity securities
    8       490       44       324       15       814       59  
Total
    36     $ 26,058     $ 101     $ 2,121     $ 1,739     $ 28,179     $ 1,840  
 
 
 
-15-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (continued)

Management evaluates debt securities, which are comprised of U.S. Government Agencies, state and municipalities, mortgage-backed securities, CMOs and other issuers, for other-than-temporary impairment and considers the current economic conditions, the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, interest rates and the bond rating of each security. The unrealized losses at March 31, 2012 in U.S. Government securities, state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed securities, CMOs and corporate debt securities are primarily the result of interest rate fluctuations. If held to maturity, these bonds will mature at par, and QNB will not realize a loss. The Company has the intent to hold the securities and does not believe it will be required to sell the securities before recovery occurs.

All of the securities in the other debt securities category with unrealized losses longer than twelve months as of March 31, 2012 are pooled trust preferred security issues. QNB holds eight of these securities with an amortized cost of $3,640,000 and a fair value of $2,054,000. All of the pooled trust preferred securities are available-for-sale securities and are carried at fair value.

The following table provides additional information related to pooled trust preferred securities (PreTSLs) as of March 31, 2012:
 
Deal
Class
 
Book
value
   
Fair
value
   
Unreal-
ized gains (losses)
   
Realized
OTTI
credit
loss
(YTD 2012)
   
Total
Recognized
OTTI
Credit
Loss
   
Moody's
/Fitch
ratings
   
Current
number of
performing
banks
   
Current
number of
performing
insurance
companies
   
Actual deferrals and defaults as a % of total collateral
   
Total performing collateral as a % of outstanding bonds
 
PreTSL IV
Mezzanine*
  $ 243     $ 200     $ (43 )   $ -     $ (1 )  
Ca/CCC
      4       -       27.1 %     124.4 %
PreTSL V
Mezzanine*
    -       -       -       -       (118 )  
Ba3/D
      -       -       100.0       12.0  
PreTSL VI
Mezzanine*
    121       125       4       -       (8 )  
Ca/D
      3       -       73.6       62.4  
PreTSL XVII
Mezzanine
    752       361       (391 )     -       (222 )  
Ca/C
      31       4       40.4       72.2  
PreTSL XIX
Mezzanine
    988       435       (553 )     -       -       C/C       35       13       27.6       76.3  
PreTSL XXV
Mezzanine
    766       346       (420 )     -       (222 )     C/C       37       8       38.3       71.9  
PreTSL XXVI
Mezzanine
    469       251       (218 )     -       (270 )     C/C       39       10       28.0       83.2  
PreTSL XXVI
Mezzanine
    301       336       35       -       (438 )     C/C       39       10       28.0       83.2  
      $ 3,640     $ 2,054     $ (1,586 )   $ -     $ (1,279 )                                        
                                           
Mezzanine* - only class of bonds still outstanding (represents the senior-most obligation of the trust)

The market for these securities at March 31, 2012 is not active and markets for similar securities also are not active. The inactivity was evidenced first by a significant widening of the bid-ask spread in the brokered markets in which pooled trust preferred securities trade and then by a significant decrease in the volume of trades relative to historical levels. The new issue market is also inactive and the market values for these securities (and any securities other than those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies) are depressed relative to historical levels. In today’s market, a low market price for a particular bond may only provide evidence of a recent widening of corporate spreads in general versus being an indicator of credit problems with a particular issuer. Lack of liquidity in the market for trust preferred collateralized debt obligations, credit rating downgrades and market uncertainties related to the financial industry are all factors contributing to the temporary impairment of these securities. Although these securities are classified as available-for-sale, the Company has the intent to hold the securities and does not believe it will be required to sell the securities before recovery occurs. As illustrated in the table above, these securities are comprised mainly of securities issued by banks, and to a lesser degree, insurance companies. QNB owns the mezzanine tranches of these securities.
 
 
-16-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (continued)

On a quarterly basis we evaluate our debt securities for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI), which involves the use of a third-party valuation firm to assist management with the valuation. When evaluating these investments a credit-related portion and a non-credit related portion of OTTI are determined. The credit related portion is recognized in earnings and represents the expected shortfall in future cash flows. The non-credit related portion is recognized in other comprehensive income and represents the difference between the book value and the fair value of the security less any current quarter credit related impairment. For the three months ended March 31, 2012, no other-than-temporary impairment charges representing credit impairment were recognized on our pooled trust preferred collateralized debt obligations. A discounted cash flow analysis provides the best estimate of credit related OTTI for these securities. Additional information related to this analysis follows:

All of the pooled trust preferred collateralized debt obligations held by QNB are rated lower than AA and are measured for OTTI within the scope of ASC 325 (formerly known as EITF 99-20), Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased Beneficial Interests and Beneficial Interests That Continue to be Held by a Transferor in Securitized Financial Assets, and Amendments to the Impairment Guidance of EITF Issue No. 99-20 (formerly known as EITF 99-20-1). QNB performs a discounted cash flow analysis on all of its impaired debt securities to determine if the amortized cost basis of an impaired security will be recovered. In determining whether a credit loss exists, QNB uses its best estimate of the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security and discounts them at the effective yield implicit in the security at the date of acquisition or the prospective yield for those securities with prior OTTI charges. The discounted cash flow analysis is considered to be the primary evidence when determining whether credit related other-than-temporary impairment exists.
 
Results of a discounted cash flow test are significantly affected by other variables such as the estimate of future cash flows (including prepayments), credit worthiness of the underlying banks and insurance companies and determination of probability and severity of default of the underlying collateral. The following provides additional information for each of these variables:
 
·  
Estimate of Future Cash Flows – Cash flows are constructed in an INTEX desktop valuation model. INTEX is a proprietary cash flow model recognized as the industry standard for analyzing all types of structured debt products. It includes each deal’s structural features updated with trustee information, including asset-by-asset detail, as it becomes available. The modeled cash flows are then used to determine if all the scheduled principal and interest payments of the investments will be returned. For purposes of the cash flow analysis, relatively modest rates of prepayment were forecasted (ranging from 0-2%). In addition to the base prepayment assumption, due to the recent enactment of the Dodd-Frank financial legislation additional prepayment analysis was performed. First, trust preferred securities issued by banks with more than $15 billion in total assets at December 31, 2009 were identified. The current credit rating of these institutions was reviewed and it was assumed that any issuer with an investment grade credit rating would prepay their issuance on January 1, 2013 or July 1, 2015 for bank holding company subsidiaries of foreign banking organizations that have relied on Supervision and Regulation Letter SR-01-1. For those institutions rated below investment grade the holding companies’ approximate cost of long-term funding given their rating and marketplace interest rate was estimated. The following assumption was made; any holding company that could refinance for a cost savings of more than 2% will refinance and will do so on January 1, 2013, or July 1, 2015. Finally, for issuers not impacted by the Tier 1 regulatory capital legislation enacted by the Dodd-Frank act, we identified the issuers that have shown a recent history of prepayment of both floating rate and fixed rate issues and assumed these issuers will prepay as soon as possible.
 
·  
Credit Analysis – A quarterly credit evaluation is performed for the companies comprising the collateral across the various pooled trust preferred securities. This credit evaluation considers all available evidence and focuses on capitalization, asset quality, profitability, liquidity, stock price performance, whether the institution has received TARP funding and whether the institution has shown the ability to raise capital.
 
 
 
-17-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

 
7. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (continued)
 
·  
Probability of Default – A near-term probability of default is determined for each issuer based on its financial condition and is used to calculate the expected impact of future deferrals and defaults on the expected cash flows. Each issuer in the collateral pool is assigned a near-term probability of default based on individual performance and financial characteristics. Various studies suggest that the rate of bank failures between 1934 and 2008 were approximately 0.36%. Thus, in addition to the specific bank default assumptions used for the near term, future defaults on the individual banks in the analysis for 2013 and beyond the rate used is calculated based on using the above mentioned thirty-six basis points and factoring that number based on a comparison of key financial ratios of active individual issuers without a short-term probability of default compared to all FDIC insured banks.
 
·  
Severity of Loss – In addition to the probability of default discussed above, a severity of loss (projected recovery) is determined in all cases. In the current analysis, the severity of loss ranges from 0% to 100% depending on the estimated credit worthiness of the individual issuer, with a 95% severity of loss utilized for defaults projected in 2013 and thereafter.

In addition to the above factors, the evaluation of impairment also includes a stress test analysis which provides an estimate of future risk for each tranche. This stressed breakpoint is then compared to the level of assets with credit concerns in each tranche. This comparison allows management to identify those pools that are at a greater risk for a future adverse change in cash flows so the asset quality in those pools can be monitored more closely for potential deterioration of credit quality.

Based upon the analysis performed by management as of March 31, 2012, it is probable that we will collect all contractual principal and interest payments on one of our eight pooled trust preferred securities, PreTSL XIX. The expected principal shortfall on the remaining pooled trust preferred securities has resulted in credit related other-than-temporary impairment charges in previous years. All of these pooled trust preferred securities held by QNB could be subject to additional writedowns in the future if additional deferrals and defaults occur.

 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs. Interest income is accrued on the principal amount outstanding. Loan origination and commitment fees and related direct costs are deferred and amortized to income over the term of the respective loan and loan commitment period as a yield adjustment.

Loans held-for-sale consists of residential mortgage loans that are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance charged to income. Gains and losses on residential mortgages held-for-sale are included in non-interest income.

QNB maintains an allowance for loan losses, which is intended to absorb probable known and inherent losses in the outstanding loan portfolio. The allowance is reduced by actual credit losses and is increased by the provision for loan losses and recoveries of previous losses. The provisions for loan losses are charged to earnings to bring the total allowance for loan losses to a level considered necessary by management.
 
The allowance for loan losses is based on management’s continuing review and evaluation of the loan portfolio. The level of the allowance is determined by assigning specific reserves to individually identified problem credits and general reserves to all other loans. For such loans that are also classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The portion of the allowance that is allocated to internally criticized and non-accrual loans is determined by estimating the inherent loss on each credit after giving consid­eration to the value of underlying collateral. The general component covers pools of loans by loan class including commercial loans not considered impaired, as well as smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as residential real estate, home equity and other consumer loans. These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based upon historical
 
 
-18-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

loss rates. These loss rates are based on a three year history of charge-offs and are more heavily weighted for recent experience for each of these categories of loans, adjusted for qualitative factors. These qualitative risk factors include:
 
1.  
Lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge-off and recovery practices. Effect of external factors, such as legal and regulatory requirements.
 
2.  
National, regional, and local economic and business conditions as well as the condition of various market segments, including the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans.
 
3.  
Nature and volume of the portfolio including growth.
 
4.  
Experience, ability, and depth of lending management and staff.
 
5.  
Volume and severity of past due, classified and nonaccrual loans.
 
6.  
Quality of the Company’s loan review system, and the degree of oversight by the Company’s Board of Directors.
 
7.  
Existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations.

Each factor is assigned a value to reflect improving, stable or declining conditions based on management’s best judgment using relevant information available at the time of the evaluation.
 
An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.
 
Management emphasizes loan quality and close monitoring of potential problem credits. Credit risk identification and review processes are utilized in order to assess and monitor the degree of risk in the loan portfolio. QNB’s lending and credit administration staff are charged with reviewing the loan portfolio and identifying changes in the economy or in a borrower’s circumstances which may affect the ability to repay debt or the value of pledged collateral. A loan classification and review system exists that identifies those loans with a higher than normal risk of uncollectibility. Each commercial loan is assigned a grade based upon an assessment of the borrower’s financial capacity to service the debt and the presence and value of collateral for the loan. An independent loan review group tests risk assessments and evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Management meets monthly to review the credit quality of the loan portfolio and quarterly to review the allowance for loan losses.

In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review QNB’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require QNB to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments using information available to them at the time of their examination.

Management believes that it uses the best information available to make determinations about the adequacy of the allowance and that it has established its existing allowance for loan losses in accordance with GAAP. If circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in making determinations, future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary and results of operations could be affected. Because future events affecting borrowers and collateral cannot be predicted with certainty, there can be no assurance that increases to the allowance will not be necessary should the quality of any loans deteriorate as a result of the factors discussed above.
 
 
-19-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

Major classes of loans are as follows:
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Commercial:
           
Commercial and industrial
  $ 93,043     $ 96,163  
Construction
    15,369       15,959  
Secured by commercial real estate
    193,064       195,813  
Secured by residential real estate
    43,938       45,070  
State and political subdivisions
    34,038       35,127  
Loans to depository institutions
    4,500       4,515  
Indirect lease financing
    11,162       11,928  
Retail:
               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    26,567       25,518  
Home equity loans and lines
    55,613       57,579  
Consumer
    2,218       2,308  
Total loans
    479,512       489,980  
Net unearned (fees) costs
    (38 )     (44 )
Loans receivable
  $ 479,474     $ 489,936  
 
Loans secured by commercial real estate include all loans collateralized at least in part by commercial real estate. These loans may not be for the expressed purpose of conducting commercial real estate transactions.

Overdrafts are reclassified as loans and are included in consumer loans above and total loans on the balance sheet. At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, overdrafts were $57,000 and $91,000, respectively.

QNB generally lends in its trade area which is comprised of Quakertown and the surrounding communities. To a large extent, QNB makes loans collateralized at least in part by real estate. Its lending activities could be affected by changes in the general economy, the regional economy, or real estate values. Other than disclosed in the table above, at March 31, 2012, there were no concentrations of loans exceeding 10% of total loans.

The Company engages in a variety of lending activities, including commercial, residential real estate and consumer transactions. The Company focuses its lending activities on individuals, professionals and small to medium sized businesses. Risks associated with lending activities include economic conditions and changes in interest rates, which can adversely impact both the ability of borrowers to repay their loans and the value of the associated collateral.
 
Commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate loans, construction loans and residential real estate loans with a business purpose are generally perceived as having more risk of default than residential real estate loans with a personal purpose and consumer loans. These types of loans involve larger loan balances to a single borrower or groups of related borrowers and are more susceptible to a risk of loss during a downturn in the business cycle. These loans may involve greater risk because the availability of funds to repay these loans depends on the successful operation of the borrower’s business. The assets financed are used within the business for its ongoing operation. Repayment of these kinds of loans generally comes from the cash flow of the business or the ongoing conversions of assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory, to cash. Typical collateral for commercial and industrial loans includes the borrower’s accounts receivable, inventory and machinery and equipment. Commercial real estate and residential real estate loans secured for a business purpose are originated primarily within the eastern Pennsylvania market area at conservative loan-to-value ratios and often backed by the individual guarantees of the borrowers or owners. Repayment of this kind of loan is dependent upon either the ongoing cash flow of the borrowing entity or the resale of or lease of the subject property. Commercial real estate loans
 
 
-20-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

may be affected to a greater extent than residential loans by adverse conditions in real estate markets or the economy because commercial real estate borrowers’ ability to repay their loans depends on successful development of their properties, as well as the factors affecting residential real estate borrowers.

Loans to state and political subdivisions are tax-exempt or taxable loans to municipalities, school districts and housing and industrial development authorities. These loans can be general obligations of the municipality or school district repaid through their taxing authority, revenue obligations repaid through the income generated by the operations of the authority, such as a water or sewer authority, or loans issued to a housing and industrial development agency, for which a private corporation is responsible for payments on the loans.

Loans to depository institutions consist of a loan to a commercial bank in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. This loan is secured by shares of common stock of the borrowing institution.

Indirect lease financing receivables represent loans to small businesses that are collateralized by equipment. These loans tend to have higher risk characteristics but generally provide higher rates of return. These loans are originated by a third party and purchased by QNB based on criteria specified by QNB. The criteria include minimum credit scores of the borrower, term of the lease, type and age of equipment financed and geographic area. The geographic area primarily represents states contiguous to Pennsylvania. QNB is not the lessor and does not service these loans.

The Company originates fixed-rate and adjustable-rate real estate-residential mortgage loans for personal purposes that are secured by first liens on the underlying 1-4 family residential properties. Credit risk exposure in this area of lending is minimized by the evaluation of the credit worthiness of the borrower, including debt-to-income ratios, credit scores and adherence to underwriting policies that emphasize conservative loan-to-value ratios of generally no more than 80%. Residential mortgage loans granted in excess of the 80% loan-to-value ratio criterion are generally insured by private mortgage insurance.

The real estate-home equity portfolio consists of fixed-rate home equity loans and variable-rate home equity lines of credit. Risks associated with loans secured by residential properties are generally lower than commercial loans and include general economic risks, such as the strength of the job market, employment stability and the strength of the housing market. Since most loans are secured by a primary or secondary residence, the borrower’s continued employment is the greatest risk to repayment.

The Company offers a variety of loans to individuals for personal and household purposes. Consumer loans are generally considered to have greater risk than first or second mortgages on real estate because they may be unsecured, or, if they are secured, the value of the collateral may be difficult to assess and is more likely to decrease in value than real estate. Credit risk in this portfolio is controlled by conservative underwriting standards that consider debt-to-income levels and the creditworthiness of the borrower and, if secured, collateral values.

The Company employs an eight (8) grade risk rating system related to the credit quality of commercial loans, loans to state and political subdivisions and indirect lease financing of which the first four categories are pass categories (credits not adversely rated). The following is a description of the internal risk ratings and the likelihood of loss related to each risk rating.
 
1 - Excellent - no apparent risk
2 - Good - minimal risk
3 - Acceptable - average risk
4 - Watch List - greater than average risk
5 - Special Mention - potential weaknesses
6 - Substandard - well defined weaknesses
7 - Doubtful - full collection unlikely
8 - Loss - considered uncollectible
 
 
-21-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

The Company maintains a loan review system, which allows for a periodic review of our loan portfolio and the early identification of potential problem loans. Each loan officer assigns a rating to all loans in the portfolio at the time the loan is originated. Loans with risk ratings of one through three are reviewed annually based on the borrower’s fiscal year. Loans with risk ratings of four are reviewed every six to twelve months based on the dollar amount of the relationship with the borrower. Loans with risk ratings of five through eight are reviewed at least quarterly, and as often as monthly, at management’s discretion. The Company also utilizes an outside loan review firm to review the portfolio on a semi-annual basis to provide the Board of Directors and senior management an independent review of the Bank’s loan portfolio on an ongoing basis. These reviews are designed to recognize deteriorating credits in their earliest stages in an effort to reduce and control risk in the lending function as well as identifying potential shifts in the quality of the loan portfolio. The examinations by the outside loan review firm include the review of lending activities with respect to underwriting and processing new loans, monitoring the risk of existing loans and to provide timely follow-up and corrective action for loans showing signs of deterioration in quality. In addition, the outside firm reviews the methodology for the allowance for loan losses to determine compliance to policy and regulatory guidance.

The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company’s internal risk rating system as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
March 31, 2012
 
Pass
   
Special mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Total
 
Commercial:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 81,470     $ 2,019     $ 9,514     $ 40     $ 93,043  
Construction
    7,596       1,608       6,165       -       15,369  
Secured by commercial real estate
    152,676       8,428       31,960       -       193,064  
Secured by residential real estate
    38,946       1,094       3,898       -       43,938  
State and political subdivisions
    31,883       -       2,155       -       34,038  
Loans to depository institutions
    4,500       -       -       -       4,500  
Indirect lease financing
    10,833       -       329       -       11,162  
    $ 327,904     $ 13,149     $ 54,021     $ 40     $ 395,114  

December 31, 2011
 
Pass
   
Special mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Total
 
Commercial:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 83,477     $ 2,313     $ 10,332     $ 41     $ 96,163  
Construction
    6,608       3,067       6,284       -       15,959  
Secured by commercial real estate
    152,637       9,323       33,402       451       195,813  
Secured by residential real estate
    39,657       1,220       4,193       -       45,070  
State and political subdivisions
    32,928       2,013       186       -       35,127  
Loans to depository institutions
    4,515       -       -       -       4,515  
Indirect lease financing
    11,548       -       380       -       11,928  
    $ 331,370     $ 17,936     $ 54,777     $ 492     $ 404,575  

 
 
-22-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

For retail loans, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the performance of the individual credits. The following tables present the recorded investment in the retail classes of the loan portfolio based on payment activity as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
March 31, 2012
 
Performing
   
Non-performing
   
Total
 
Retail:
                 
1-4 family residential mortgages
  $ 25,922     $ 645     $ 26,567  
Home equity loans and lines
    55,346       267       55,613  
Consumer
    2,218       -       2,218  
    $ 83,486     $ 912     $ 84,398  
 
 
December 31, 2011
 
Performing
   
Non-performing
   
Total
 
Retail:
                 
1-4 family residential mortgages
  $ 25,003     $ 515     $ 25,518  
Home equity loans and lines
    57,211       368       57,579  
Consumer
    2,308       -       2,308  
    $ 84,522     $ 883     $ 85,405  
 
The performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio is also monitored by analyzing the age of the loans receivable as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the past due status as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
March 31, 2012
 
30-59 days past due
   
60-89 days past due
   
90 days or more past due
   
Total past due loans
   
Current
   
Total loans receivable
 
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 50     $ 40       -     $ 90     $ 92,953     $ 93,043  
Construction
    -       -       -       -       15,369       15,369  
Secured by commercial real estate
    1,630       2,878     $ 1,698       6,206       186,858       193,064  
Secured by residential real estate
    820       146       49       1,015       42,923       43,938  
State and political subdivisions
    683       -       -       683       33,355       34,038  
      -       -       -       -       4,500       4,500  
Indirect lease financing
    478       75       33       586       10,576       11,162  
Retail:
                                               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    631       -       142       773       25,794       26,567  
Home equity loans and lines
    179       80       -       259       55,354       55,613  
Consumer
    10       -       -       10       2,208       2,218  
    $ 4,481     $ 3,219     $ 1,922     $ 9,622     $ 469,890     $ 479,512  
 
 
-23-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)
 
December 31, 2011
 
30-59 days past due
   
60-89 days past due
   
90 days or more past due
   
Total past due loans
   
Current
   
Total loans receivable
 
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 113       -       -     $ 113     $ 96,050     $ 96,163  
Construction
    1,436       -       -       1,436       14,523       15,959  
Secured by commercial real estate
    1,857     $ 1,699     $ 1,017       4,573       191,240       195,813  
Secured by residential real estate
    778       70       395       1,243       43,827       45,070  
State and political subdivisions
    50       -       44       94       35,033       35,127  
Loans to depository institutions
    -       -       -                       4,515  
Indirect lease financing
    353       146       123       622       11,306       11,928  
Retail:
                                               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    200       166       -       366       25,152       25,518  
Home equity loans and lines
    158       66       190       414       57,165       57,579  
Consumer
    14       -       -       14       2,294       2,308  
    $ 4,959     $ 2,147     $ 1,769     $ 8,875     $ 476,590     $ 489,980  
 
The following tables disclose the recorded investment in loans receivable that are either on non-accrual status or past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
March 31, 2012
 
90 days or more past due (still accruing)
   
Non-accrual
 
Commercial:
           
Commercial and industrial
    -     $ 4,820  
Construction
    -       3,369  
Secured by commercial real estate
    -       6,687  
Secured by residential real estate
    -       1,308  
State and political subdivisions
    -       27  
Loans to depository institutions
    -       -  
Indirect lease financing
  $ 29       83  
Retail:
               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    142       503  
Home equity loans and lines
    -       267  
Consumer
    -       -  
    $ 171     $ 17,064  
                 
 
 
-24-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)
 
December 31, 2011
 
90 days or more past due (still accruing)
   
Non-accrual
 
Commercial:
           
Commercial and industrial
    -     $ 5,410  
Construction
    -       3,474  
Secured by commercial real estate
  $ 286       7,547  
Secured by residential real estate
    -       1,158  
State and political subdivisions
    40       4  
Loans to depository institutions
    -       -  
Indirect lease financing
    54       121  
Retail:
               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    -       515  
Home equity loans and lines
    -       368  
Consumer
    -       -  
    $ 380     $ 18,597  
 
Activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows:
 
Three months ended
March 31, 2012
 
Balance, beginning of period
   
Provision for (credit to) loan losses
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Balance, end of period
 
Commercial:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 2,959     $ 356       -     $ 2     $ 3,317  
Construction
    556       (223 )     -       -       333  
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,124       2       -       -       3,126  
Secured by residential real estate
    746       63     $ (36 )     -       773  
State and political subdivisions
    195       106       -       -       301  
Loans to depository institutions
    20       -       -       -       20  
Indirect lease financing
    312       (68 )     (10 )     4       238  
Retail:
                                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    249       75       (21 )     -       303  
Home equity loans and lines
    625       (60 )     (18 )     -       547  
Consumer
    20       3       (9 )     3       17  
Unallocated
    435       46       N/A       N/A       481  
    $ 9,241     $ 300     $ (94 )   $ 9     $ 9,456  
 
 
-25-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

Three months ended March 31, 2011
 
Balance, beginning of year
   
Provision for (credit to) loan losses
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Balance, end of period
 
Commercial:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 2,136     $ 1,045     $ (65 )   $ 3     $ 3,119  
Construction
    633       27       -       -       660  
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,875       (403 )     (292 )     -       3,180  
Secured by residential real estate
    676       3       (54 )     -       625  
State and political subdivisions
    108       (1 )     -       -       107  
Indirect lease financing
    496       (30 )     -       4       470  
Retail:
                                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    212       (7 )     -       -       205  
Home equity loans and lines
    646       (32 )     (10 )     1       605  
Consumer
    32       (5 )     (4 )     4       27  
Unallocated
    141       53       N/A       N/A       194  
    $ 8,955     $ 650     $ (425 )   $ 12     $ 9,192  

As previously discussed, the Company maintains a loan review system, which includes a continuous review of the loan portfolio by internal and external parties to aid in the early identification of potential impaired loans. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial loans, loans to state and political subdivisions and indirect lease financing loans by using either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual consumer and residential mortgage loans for impairment disclosures, unless such loans are part of a larger relationship that is impaired, or are classified as a troubled debt restructuring.

An allowance for loan losses is established for an impaired loan if its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. The estimated fair values of the majority of the Company’s impaired loans are measured based on the estimated fair value of the loan’s collateral.

For commercial loans secured by real estate, estimated fair values are determined primarily through third-party appraisals. When a real estate secured loan becomes impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated certified appraisal of the real estate is necessary. This decision is based on various considerations, including the age of the most recent appraisal, the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal and the condition of the property. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value. The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property.

 
-26-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

For commercial loans secured by non-real estate collateral, such as accounts receivable, inventory and equipment, estimated fair values are determined based on the borrower’s financial statements, inventory reports, accounts receivable agings or equipment appraisals or invoices. Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets.

From time to time, QNB may extend, restructure, or otherwise modify the terms of existing loans, on a case-by-case basis, to remain competitive and retain certain customers, as well as assist other customers that may be experiencing financial difficulties. A loan is considered to be a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) loan when the Company grants a concession to the borrower because of the borrower’s financial condition that it would not otherwise consider. Such concessions include the reduction of interest rates, forgiveness of principal or interest, or other modifications of interest rates to less than the current market rate for new obligations with similar risk. Loans classified as TDRs are considered non-performing and are also designated as impaired.

The concessions made for TDRs involve lowering the monthly payments on loans through periods of interest only payments, a reduction in interest rate below a market rate or an extension of the term of the loan without a corresponding adjustment to the risk premium reflected in the interest rate, or a combination of these three methods. The restructurings rarely result in the forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. If the borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous terms and our underwriting process shows the borrower has the capacity to continue to perform under the restructured terms, the loan will continue to accrue interest. Non-accruing restructured loans may be returned to accrual status when there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally six consecutive months of payments) and both principal and interest are deemed collectible. TDR loans that are in compliance with their modified terms and that yield a market rate may be removed from the TDR status after a period of performance.

QNB assesses all loan restructurings under the guidance of ASU 2011-02. Performing TDRs (not reported as non-accrual loans) totaled $2,669,000 and $2,413,000 as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Non-performing TDRs totaled $2,122,000 and $2,437,000 as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. All TDRs are included in impaired loans presented in the section above.

The following tables present loans by loan class modified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2012. The pre-modification and post-modification outstanding recorded investments disclosed in the tables below, represent carrying amounts immediately prior to the modification and at March 31, 2012, respectively.
 
Three months ended March 31, 2012
 
Number of contracts
   
Pre-modification outstanding recorded
investment
   
Post-modification outstanding recorded
investment
 
Retail:
                 
Home equity loans and lines
    1     $ 38     $ 38  
      1     $ 38     $ 38  
 
The TDR concession made during the three months ended March 31, 2012 involved the reduction of the interest rate on the loan. There was no specific reserve for loan losses allocated to the loan modified as a TDR during the three months ended March 31, 2012. Any required specific reserves are included in the allowance for loan losses for loans individually evaluated for impairment. There were no charge-offs resulting from loans modified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2012.
 
 
-27-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

The following table presents loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months from March 31, 2012, and for which there was a payment default (90 days or more past due or on non-accrual) during the three months ended March 31, 2012:
 
   
Three months ended
March 31, 2012
 
TDRs subsequently defaulted
 
Number of contracts
   
Recorded investment
 
Commercial:
           
Commercial and industrial
    1     $ 25  
Secured by commercial real estate
    1       154  
Secured by residential real estate
    2       163  
      4     $ 342  
 
The following tables present the balance in the allowance of loan losses at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment method by class of loans receivable along with the balance of loans receivable by class, excluding unearned fees and costs, disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology:
 
   
Allowance for Loan Losses
   
Loans Receivable
 
March 31, 2012
 
Balance
   
Balance related to loans individually evaluated for impairment
   
Balance related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment
   
Balance
   
Balance individually evaluated for impairment
   
Balance collectively evaluated for impairment
 
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 3,317     $ 1,958     $ 1,359     $ 93,043     $ 7,475     $ 85,568  
Construction
    333       -       333       15,369       6,165       9,204  
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,126       169       2,957       193,064       14,904       178,160  
Secured by residential real estate
    773       279       494       43,938       2,279       41,659  
State and political subdivisions
    301       13       288       34,038       2,024       32,014  
Loans to depository institutions
    20       -       20       4,500       -       4,500  
Indirect lease financing
    238       12       226       11,162       83       11,079  
Retail:
                                               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    303       79       224       26,567       627       25,940  
Home equity loans and lines
    547       42       505       55,613       596       55,017  
Consumer
    17       -       17       2,218       -       2,218  
Unallocated
    481       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A  
    $ 9,456     $ 2,552     $ 6,423     $ 479,512     $ 34,153     $ 445,359  
 
 
-28-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)
 
   
Allowance for Loan Losses
   
Loans Receivable
 
December 31, 2011
 
Balance
   
Balance related to loans individually evaluated for impairment
   
Balance related to loans collectively evaluated for impairment
   
Balance
   
Balance individually evaluated for impairment
   
Balance collectively evaluated for impairment
 
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 2,959     $ 1,444     $ 1,515     $ 96,163     $ 8,088     $ 88,075  
Construction
    556       65       491       15,959       4,663       11,296  
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,124       181       2,943       195,813       13,579       182,234  
Secured by residential real estate
    746       211       535       45,070       2,567       42,503  
State and political subdivisions
    195       2       193       35,127       4       35,123  
      20       -       20       4,515       -       4,515  
Indirect lease financing
    312       18       294       11,928       121       11,807  
Retail:
                                               
1-4 family residential mortgages
    249       81       168       25,518       640       24,878  
Home equity loans and lines
    625       63       562       57,579       706       56,873  
Consumer
    20       -       20       2,308       -       2,308  
Unallocated
    435       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A  
    $ 9,241     $ 2,065     $ 6,741     $ 489,980     $ 30,368     $ 459,612  
 

 
 
-29-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

The following tables summarize additional information in regards to impaired loans by loan portfolio class as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
March 31, 2012
 
Recorded investment (after charge-offs)
   
Unpaid principal balance
   
Related allowance
   
Average recorded investment
   
Interest income recognized
 
With no specific allowance recorded:
                             
Commercial:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 4,582     $ 4,676     $ -              
Construction
    6,165       6,241       -              
Secured by commercial real estate
    12,711       13,649       -              
Secured by residential real estate
    1,135       1,142       -              
State and political subdivisions
    1,998       1,998       -              
Loans to depository institutions
    -       -       -              
Indirect lease financing
    54       83       -              
Retail:
                                   
1-4 family residential mortgages
    342       378       -              
Home equity loans and lines
    472       481       -              
Consumer
    -       -       -              
    $ 27,459     $ 28,648     $ -              
                                     
With an allowance recorded:
                                   
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 2,893     $ 2,954     $ 1,958              
Construction
    -       -       -              
Secured by commercial real estate
    2,193       2,528       169              
Secured by residential real estate
    1,144       1,168       279              
State and political subdivisions
    26       28       13              
Loans to depository institutions
    -       -       -              
Indirect lease financing
    29       35       12              
Retail:
                                   
1-4 family residential mortgages
    285       292       79              
Home equity loans and lines
    124       130       42              
Consumer
    -       -                      
    $ 6,694     $ 7,135     $ 2,552              
                                     
Total:
                                   
Commercial:
                                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 7,475     $ 7,630     $ 1,958     $ 7,607     $ 30  
Construction
    6,165       6,241       -       5,110       37  
Secured by commercial real estate
    14,904       16,177       169       13,506       106  
Secured by residential real estate
    2,279       2,310       279       2,275       22  
State and political subdivisions
    2,024       2,026       13       509       -  
Loans to depository institutions
    -       -       -       -       -  
Indirect lease financing
    83       118       12       102       -  
Retail:
                                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    627       670       79       632       1  
Home equity loans and lines
    596       611       42       636       4  
Consumer
    -       -       -       -       -  
    $ 34,153     $ 35,783     $ 2,552     $ 30,377     $ 200  
 
 
-30-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
 
8. LOANS & ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)
 
December 31, 2011
 
Recorded investment (after charge-offs)
   
Unpaid principal balance
   
Related allowance
 
With no specific allowance recorded:
             
Commercial:
                 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 4,923     $ 5,580     $ -  
Construction
    4,016       4,047       -  
Secured by commercial real estate
    10,400       10,841       -  
Secured by residential real estate
    1,598       1,603       -  
State and political subdivisions
    -       -       -  
Loans to depository institutions
    -       -       -  
Indirect lease financing
    47       71       -  
Retail:
                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    352       384       -  
Home equity loans and lines
    486       492       -  
Consumer
    -       -       -  
    $ 21,822     $ 23,018     $ -  
                         
With an allowance recorded:
                       
Commercial:
                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 3,165     $ 3,231     $ 1,444  
Construction
    647       654       65  
Secured by commercial real estate
    3,179       3,779       181  
Secured by residential real estate
    969       985       211  
State and political subdivisions
    4       5       2  
Loans to depository institutions
    -       -       -  
Indirect lease financing
    74       84       18  
Retail:
                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    288       293       81  
Home equity loans and lines
    220       224       63  
Consumer
    -       -       -  
    $ 8,546     $ 9,255     $ 2,065  
                         
Total:
                       
Commercial:
                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 8,088     $ 8,811     $ 1,444  
Construction
    4,663       4,701       65  
Secured by commercial real estate
    13,579       14,620       181  
Secured by residential real estate
    2,567       2,588       211  
State and political subdivisions
    4       5       2  
Loans to depository institutions
                       
Indirect lease financing
    121       155       18  
Retail:
                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
    640       677       81  
Home equity loans and lines
    706       716       63  
Consumer
    -       -       -  
    $ 30,368     $ 32,273     $ 2,065  
                         

 
 
-31-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, defines fair value as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants (fair values are not adjusted for transaction costs). ASC 820 also establishes a framework (fair value hierarchy) for measuring fair value under GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation methods used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

    Level 1:
Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
    Level 2:
Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
    Level 3:
Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported with little or no market activity).

An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The measurement of fair value should be consistent with one of the following valuation techniques: market approach, income approach, and/or cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (in­cluding a business). For example, valuation techniques consistent with the market approach often use market multiples derived from a set of comparables. Multiples might lie in ranges with a different multiple for each comparable. The selection of where within the range the appropriate multiple falls requires judgment, considering factors specific to the measurement (qualitative and quantitative). Valuation techniques consistent with the market approach include matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique used principally to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities, but rather by relying on the security’s relationship to other benchmark quoted securities.

 
-32-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (continued)

The following table sets forth QNB’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis and the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2012:
 
March 31, 2012
 
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant other observable input (Level 2)
   
Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
   
Balance at end of period
 
Recurring fair value measurements
                       
Securities available-for-sale
                       
U.S. Government agency securities
    -     $ 66,556       -     $ 66,556  
State and municipal securities
    -       78,472       -       78,472  
U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises (GSEs) - residential
              -  
      Mortgage-backed securities
    -       116,965       -       116,965  
      Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    -       80,454       -       80,454  
Pooled trust preferred securities
    -       -     $ 2,054       2,054  
Corporate debt securities
    -       2,496       -       2,496  
Equity securities
  $ 3,958       -       -       3,958  
Total securities available-for-sale
  $ 3,958     $ 344,943     $ 2,054     $ 350,955  
Total recurring fair value measurements
  $ 3,958     $ 344,943     $ 2,054     $ 350,955  
                                 
Nonrecurring fair value measurments
                               
Impaired loans
  $ -     $ -     $ 4,142     $ 4,142  
Mortgage servicing rights
    -       -       496       496  
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements
  $ -     $ -     $ 4,638     $ 4,638  
 
There were no transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements during the quarter ended March 31, 2012. There were also no transfers in or out of level 3 for the same period. There were no losses included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to the available-for-sale securities above with fair value measurements utilizing significant unobservable inputs for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 
-33-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (continued)

The following table sets forth QNB’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2011:
 
December 31, 2011
 
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant other observable input (Level 2)
   
Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
   
Balance at end of period
 
Recurring fair value measurements
                       
Securities available-for-sale
                       
U.S. Government agency securities
    -     $ 68,493       -     $ 68,493  
State and municipal securities
    -       78,786       -       78,786  
U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises (GSEs) - residential
                 
      Mortgage-backed securities
    -       113,243       -       113,243  
      Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs)
    -       79,345       -       79,345  
Pooled trust preferred securities
    -       -     $ 1,929       1,929  
Corporate debt securities
    -       2,495       -       2,495  
Equity securities
  $ 3,800       -       -       3,800  
Total securities available-for-sale
  $ 3,800     $ 342,362     $ 1,929     $ 348,091  
Total recurring fair value measurements
  $ 3,800     $ 342,362     $ 1,929     $ 348,091  
                                 
Nonrecurring fair value measurments
                               
Impaired loans
  $ -     $ -     $ 7,808     $ 7,808  
Mortgage servicing rights
    -       -       490       490  
   Other real estate owned
    -       -       126       126  
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements
  $ -     $ -     $ 8,424     $ 8,424  

 
-34-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (continued)

The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and for which QNB has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:
 
   
Quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements
 
March 31, 2012
 
Fair value
 
Valuation techniques
 
Unobservable input
 
Value or range of values
 
Impaired loans
  $ 4,142  
Appraisal of collateral (1)
 
Appraisal adjustments (2)
 
0% to -35%
 
             
Liquidation expenses (2)
 
0% to -10%
 
Mortgage servicing rights
    496  
Discounted cash flow
 
Weighted average life
 
10 - 93 months
 
             
Discount rate
    9.1 %
 
(1) Fair value is primarily determined through appraisals of the underlying collateral by independent parties, which generally includes various level 3 inputs which are not always identifiable
(2) Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. The range is presented as a percent of the initial appraised value.
 
The following table presents additional information about the securities available-for-sale measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which QNB utilized significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs) to determine fair value for the nine months ended March 31, 2012:
 
   
Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
 
   
(Level 3)
 
Balance, beginning of year
  $ 1,929  
Settlements
    -  
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized)
    -  
Included in earnings
    -  
Included in other comprehensive income
    125  
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
    -  
Balance, March 31, 2012
  $ 2,054  
 
The Level 3 securities consist of eight collateralized debt obligation securities, PreTSL securities, that are backed by trust preferred securities issued by banks, thrifts, and insurance companies. The market for these securities at March 31, 2012 is not active and markets for similar securities also are not active. The inactivity was evidenced first by a significant widening of the bid-ask spread in the brokered markets in which PreTSLs trade and then by a significant decrease in the volume of trades relative to historical levels. The new issue market is also inactive and there are currently very few market participants who are willing and or able to transact for these securities.

 
-35-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (continued)

Given conditions in the debt markets today and the absence of observable transactions in the secondary and new issue markets, we determined:
 
·  
The few observable transactions and market quotations that are available are not reliable for purposes of determining fair value at March 31, 2012;
·  
An income valuation approach technique (present value technique) that maximizes the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs will be equally or more representative of fair value than the market approach valuation technique used at prior measurement dates; and
·  
PreTSLs will be classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because significant adjustments are required to determine fair value at the measurement date.

The Bank is aware of several factors indicating that recent transactions of PreTSL securities are not orderly including an increased spread between bid/ask prices, lower sales transaction volumes for these types of securities, and a lack of new issuances. As a result, the Bank engaged an independent third party to value the securities using a discounted cash flow analysis. The estimated cash flows are based on specific assumptions about defaults, deferrals and prepayments of the trust preferred securities underlying each PreTSL. The resulting collateral cash flows are allocated to the bond waterfall using the INTEX desktop valuation model.

The estimates for the conditional default rates (CDR) are based on the payment characteristics of the trust preferred securities themselves (e.g. current, deferred, or defaulted) as well as the financial condition of the trust preferred issuers in the pool. A near-term CDR for each issuer in the pool is estimated based on their financial condition using key financial ratios relating to the financial institution’s capitalization, asset quality, profitability and liquidity. In addition to the specific bank default assumptions, overall deal default rates are modeled. In 2013 and beyond, the CDR rate is calculated based upon a comparison of key financial ratios of active individual issuers without a short-term probability of default compared to all FDIC insured banks. To derive this long-term default rate, a comparison of certain key financial ratios of the active issuers in the security to all FDIC insured bank institutions is reviewed. The active issuers are summarized by creating a weighted average based on issue size, then divided into categories based upon their status of deferral and whether or not a specific default assumption has been assigned to the issuer. To ensure an accurate comparison, the standard deviation across the issuers for each ratio is calculated and any issuer that falls more than three standard deviations above or below the average for that ratio is removed.
 
The base loss severity assumption and long-term loss severity assumptions are modeled at 95%. The severity factor for near-term CDRs is vectored to reflect the relative expected performance of the institutions modeled to default, with lower forecasted severities used for the higher quality institutions.

Prepayments are modeled to take into account the disruption in the asset-backed securities marketplace and the lack of new pooled trust preferred issuances. For purposes of the cash flow analysis, relatively modest rates of prepayment were forecasted (ranging from 0-2%). In addition to the base prepayment assumption, due to the recent enactment of the Dodd-Frank financial legislation additional prepayment analysis was performed. First, all fixed rate trust preferred securities issued by banks with more than $15 billion in total assets at December 31, 2009 were identified. The current credit rating of these institutions was reviewed and it was assumed that any issuer with an investment grade credit rating would prepay their issuance on January 1, 2013 or July 1, 2015 for bank holding company subsidiaries of foreign banking organizations that have relied on Supervision and Regulation Letter SR-01-1. For those institutions rated below investment grade the holding companies’ approximate cost of long-term funding given their rating and marketplace interest rate was estimated. The following assumption was made; any holding company that could refinance for a cost savings of more than 2% will refinance and will do so on January 1, 2013, or July 1, 2015. Finally, for issuers not impacted by the Tier 1 regulatory capital legislation enacted by the Dodd-Frank act, the issuers that have shown a recent history of prepayment of both floating rate and fixed rate issues were identified and it was assumed these issuers will prepay as soon as possible.
 
 
-36-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (continued)

The internal rate of return is the pre-tax yield used to discount the best estimate of future cash flows after credit losses. The cash flows have been discounted using estimated market discount rates of 3-month LIBOR plus spreads ranging from 4.08% to 9.59%. The determination of appropriate market discount rates involved the consideration of the following:
 
·  
the time value of money
·  
the price for bearing uncertainty in cash flows
·  
other factors that would be considered by market participants

The analysis of discount rates involved the review of corporate bond spreads for banks, U.S. Treasury yields, credit default swap rates for financial companies (utilized as a proxy for credit), the swap/LIBOR yield curve and the characteristics of the individual securities being valued.

The following information should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Company since a fair value calculation is only provided for a limited portion of QNB’s assets and liabilities. Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between QNB’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of each major classification of financial instrument and non-financial asset at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:

Cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest receivable and accrued interest payable (carried at cost): The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet approximate those assets’ fair value.

Investment securities available for sale (carried at fair value) and held-to-maturity (carried at amortized cost): The fair value of securities are determined by obtaining quoted market prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1), or matrix pricing (Level 2), which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices. Level 2 debt securities are valued by a third-party pricing service commonly used in the banking industry. Level 2 fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution date, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the security’s terms and conditions, among other things. For certain securities which are not traded in active markets or are subject to transfer restrictions, valuations are adjusted to reflect illiquidity and/or non-transferability, and such adjustments are generally based on available market evidence (Level 3). In the absence of such evidence, management’s best estimate is used. Management’s best estimate consists of both internal and external support on certain Level 3 investments. Cash flow models using a present value formula that includes assumptions market participants would use along with indicative exit pricing obtained from broker/dealers (where available) were used to support fair values of certain Level 3 investments.

Restricted investment in bank stocks (carried at cost): The fair value of stock in Atlantic Central Bankers Bank and the Federal Home Loan Bank is the carrying amount, based on redemption provisions, and considers the limited marketability of such securities.
 
Loans Held for Sale (carried at lower of cost or fair value): The fair value of loans held for sale is determined, when possible, using quoted secondary market prices. If no such quoted prices exist, the fair value of a loan is determined using quoted prices for a similar loan or loans, adjusted for the specific attributes of that loan.

Loans Receivable (carried at cost): The fair values of loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using market rates at the balance sheet date that reflect the credit and interest rate-risk inherent in the loans. Projected future cash flows are calculated based upon contractual maturity or call dates, projected repayments and prepayments of principal. Generally, for variable rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values.
 
 
-37-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)
 
 
9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (continued)

Impaired Loans (generally carried at fair value): Impaired loans are loans, in which the Company has measured impairment generally based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral. Fair value is generally determined based upon independent third-party appraisals of the properties, or discounted cash flows based upon the expected proceeds. These assets are included as Level 3 fair values, based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. Included in the fair value of impaired loans at December 31, 2011 are $1,327,000 of loans that had no specific reserves required at year end; however, were partially charged-off during 2011.

Mortgage Servicing Rights (carried at lower of cost or fair value): The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is based on a valuation model that calcu­lates the present value of estimated net servicing income. The mortgage servicing rights are startified into tranches based on predominant characteristics, such as interest rate, loan type and investor type. The valuation incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income.

Foreclosed assets (other real estate owned and repossessed assets): Foreclosed assets are the only non-financial assets valued on a non-recurring basis which are held by the Company at fair value, less cost to sell. At foreclosure or repossession, if the fair value, less estimated costs to sell, of the collateral acquired (real estate, vehicles, equipment) is less than the Company’s recorded investment in the related loan, a write-down is recognized through a charge to the allowance for loan losses. Additionally, valuations are periodically performed by management and any subsequent reduction in value is recognized by a charge to income. The fair value of foreclosed assets held-for-sale is estimated using Level 3 inputs based on observable market data.

Deposit liabilities (carried at cost): The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity (e.g. demand deposits, interest-bearing demand accounts, money market accounts and savings accounts) are by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e. their carrying amounts). This approach to estimating fair value excludes the significant benefit that results from the low-cost funding provided by such deposit liabilities, as compared to alternative sources of funding. Deposits with a stated maturity (time deposits) have been valued using the present value of cash flows discounted at rates approximating the current market for similar deposits.

Short-term borrowings (carried at cost): The carrying amount of short-term borrowings approximates their fair values.

Long-term debt (carried at cost): The fair values of FHLB advances and securities sold under agreements to repurchase are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on quoted prices for new long-term debt with similar credit risk characteristics, terms and remaining maturity. These prices obtained from this active market represent a fair value that is deemed to represent the transfer price if the liability were assumed by a third party.

Off-balance-sheet instruments (disclosed at cost): The fair values for the Bank’s off-balance sheet instruments (lending commitments and letters of credit) are based on fees currently charged in the market to enter into similar agreements, taking into account, the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing.

Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments; however, there are inherent weaknesses in any estima­tion technique. Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimates herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could have realized in a sales transaction on the dates indicated. The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of the respective period ends and have not been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. As such, the estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent to the respective reporting dates may be different than the amounts reported at each period end.

 
-38-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (continued)

The estimated fair values and carrying amounts of the Company’s financial and off-balance sheet instruments are summarized as follows:
 
               
Fair value measurements
 
March 31, 2012
 
Carrying amount
   
Fair value
   
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1)
   
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
 
Financial assets
                             
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 31,757     $ 31,757     $ 31,757       -       -  
Investment securities available-for-sale
    350,955       350,955       3,958     $ 344,943     $ 2,054  
Investment securities held-to-maturity
    827       854       -       854       -  
Restricted investment in bank stocks
    1,687       1,687       1,687       -       -  
Loans held-for-sale
    643       663       -       663       -  
Net loans
    470,018       470,622       -       -       470,622  
Mortgage servicing rights
    496       552       -       552       -  
Accrued interest receivable
    3,164       3,164       3,164       -       -  
                                         
Financial liabilities
                                       
Deposits with no stated maturities
    479,479       479,479       479,479       -       -  
Deposits with stated maturities
    285,289       287,790       -       287,790       -  
Short-term borrowings
    22,349       22,349       22,349       -       -  
Long-term debt
    20,295       20,798       -       20,798       -  
Accrued interest payable
    721       721       721       -       -  
                                         
Off-balance sheet instruments
                                       
Commitments to extend credit
    -       -       -       -       -  
Standby letters of credit
    -       -       -       -       -  
 
 
-39-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)


9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DISCLOSURES (continued)

   
Carrying
       
December 31, 2011
 
amount
   
Fair value
 
Financial assets
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 10,555     $ 10,555  
Investment securities available-for-sale
    348,091       348,091  
Investment securities held-to-maturity
    1,327       1,365  
Restricted investment in bank stocks
    1,775       1,775  
Loans held-for-sale
    935       969  
Net loans
    480,695       470,100  
Mortgage servicing rights
    490       542  
Accrued interest receivable
    2,990       2,990  
                 
Financial liabilities
               
Deposits with no stated maturities
    465,688       465,688  
Deposits with stated maturities
    285,024       285,418  
Short-term borrowings
    24,021       24,021  
Long-term debt
    20,299       20,967  
Accrued interest payable
    789       789  
                 
Off-balance sheet instruments
               
Commitments to extend credit
    -       -  
Standby letters of credit
    -       -  

10. OFF-BALANCE-SHEET FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND GUARANTEES

In the normal course of business there are various legal proceedings, commitments, and contingent liabilities which are not reflected in the financial statements. Management does not anticipate any material losses as a result of these transactions and activities. They include, among other things, commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. The maximum exposure to credit loss, which represents the possibility of sustaining a loss due to the failure of the other parties to a financial instrument to perform according to the terms of the contract, is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. QNB uses the same lending standards and policies in making credit commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. The activity is controlled through credit approvals, control limits, and monitoring procedures.

A summary of the Bank's financial instrument commitments is as follows:

   
March 31, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
Commitments to extend credit and unused lines of credit
  $ 121,752     $ 122,899  
Standby letters of credit
    5,292       6,467  
    $ 127,044     $ 129,366  
 
 
-40-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)


10. OFF-BALANCE-SHEET FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND GUARANTEES (continued)

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. QNB evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the financial or performance obligation of a customer to a third party. QNB’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. These standby letters of credit expire within three years. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending other loan commitments. The Bank requires collateral and personal guarantees supporting these letters of credit as deemed necessary. Management believes that the proceeds obtained through a liquidation of such collateral and the enforcement of personal guarantees would be sufficient to cover the maximum potential amount of future payments required under the corresponding guarantees. The amount of the liability as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 for guarantees under standby letters of credit issued is not material.

The amount of collateral obtained for letters of credit and commitments to extend credit is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral varies, but may include real estate, accounts receivable, marketable securities, pledged deposits, inventory or equipment.


11. REGULATORY RESTRICTIONS

Dividends payable by the Company and the Bank are subject to various limitations imposed by statutes, regulations and policies adopted by bank regulatory agencies. Under Pennsylvania banking law, the Bank is subject to certain restrictions on the amount of dividends that it may declare without prior regulatory approval. Under Federal Reserve regulations, the Bank is limited as to the amount it may lend affiliates, including QNB Corp., unless such loans are collateralized by specific obligations.

Both the Company and the Bank are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by Federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate actions by regulators that could have an effect on the financial statements. Under the framework for prompt corrective action, both the Company and the Bank must meet capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators. Management believes, as of March 31, 2012, that the Company and the Bank met capital adequacy requirements to which they were subject.

As of the most recent notification, the primary regulator of the Bank considered it to be “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the classification. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Company and the Bank must maintain minimum ratios as set forth in the table below.

 
-41-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 (Unaudited)

11. REGULATORY RESTRICTIONS (continued)

The Company and the Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are presented as follows:
 
   
Capital Levels
 
   
Actual
   
Adequately capitalized
   
Well capitalized
 
As of March 31, 2012
 
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
Total Risk-Based Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
                               
Consolidated
  $ 75,513       13.11 %   $ 46,071       8.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    71,020       12.41       45,771       8.00     $ 57,214       10.00 %
                                                 
Tier I Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    68,069       11.82       23,035       4.00       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    63,840       11.16       22,885       4.00       34,328       6.00  
                                                 
Tier I Capital (to Average Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    68,069       7.86       34,636       4.00       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    63,840       7.41       34,484       4.00       43,105       5.00  
 
 
   
Capital Levels
 
   
Actual
   
Adequately capitalized
   
Well capitalized
 
As of December 31, 2011
 
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
Total Risk-Based Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
                               
Consolidated
  $ 73,694       12.71 %   $ 46,371       8.00 %     N/A       N/A  
Bank
    69,480       12.06       46,074       8.00     $ 57,593       10.00 %
                                                 
Tier I Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    66,176       11.42       23,185       4.00       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    62,256       10.81       23,037       4.00       34,556       6.00  
                                                 
Tier I Capital (to Average Assets)
                                               
Consolidated
    66,176       7.61       34,805       4.00       N/A       N/A  
Bank
    62,256       7.18       34,662       4.00       43,328       5.00  

 
-42-

 
 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

QNB Corp. (herein referred to as QNB or the Company) is a bank holding company headquartered in Quakertown, Pennsylvania. The Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, QNB Bank (the Bank), has been serving the residents and businesses of upper Bucks, northern Montgomery and southern Lehigh counties in Pennsylvania since 1877. The Bank is a locally managed community bank that provides a full range of commercial and retail banking and retail brokerage services.

Tabular information presented throughout management’s discussion and analysis, other than share and per share data, is presented in thousands of dollars.
 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

In addition to historical information, this document contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words or phrases such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “project” and variations of such words and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may” or similar expressions. The U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor in regard to the inclusion of forward-looking statements in this document and documents incorporated by reference.

Shareholders should note that many factors, some of which are discussed elsewhere in this document and in the documents that are incorporated by reference, and including the risk factors identified in Item 1A of QNB’s 2011 Form 10-K, could affect the future financial results of the Company and its subsidiary and could cause those results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this document. These factors include, but are not limited, to the following:
 
·  
Volatility in interest rates and shape of the yield curve;
·  
Credit risk;
·  
Liquidity risk;
·  
Operating, legal and regulatory risks;
·  
Economic, political and competitive forces affecting the Company’s line of business;
·  
The risk that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) could levy additional insurance assessments on all insured institutions in order to replenish the Deposit Insurance Fund based on the level of bank failures in the future; and
·  
The risk that the analysis of these risks and forces could be incorrect, and/or that the strategies developed to address them could be unsuccessful.

QNB cautions that these forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, all of which change over time, and QNB assumes no duty to update forward-looking statements. Management cautions readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. These statements speak only as of the date of this report on Form 10-Q, even if subsequently made available by QNB on its website or otherwise, and they advise readers that various factors, including those described above, could affect QNB’s financial performance and could cause actual results or circumstances for future periods to differ materially from those anticipated or projected. Except as required by law, QNB does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to publicly release any revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.
 
 
-43-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations are based on the consolidated financial statements of QNB, which are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and predominant practices within the banking industry. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires QNB to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. QNB evaluates estimates on an on-going basis, including those related to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the determination of the valuation of other real estate owned and foreclosed assets, other-than-temporary impairments on investment securities, the determination of impairment of restricted bank stock, the valuation of deferred tax assets, stock-based compensation and income taxes. QNB bases its estimates on historical experience and various other factors and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Other-Than-Temporary Investment Security Impairment
Securities are evaluated periodically to determine whether a decline in their value is other-than-temporary. Management utilizes criteria such as the magnitude and duration of the decline, in addition to the reasons underlying the decline, to determine whether the loss in value is other-than-temporary. The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the prospect for a near-term recovery of value is not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. For equity securities, once a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the value of the equity security is reduced and a corresponding charge to earnings is recognized.

The Company follows accounting guidance related to the recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairment that specifies (a) if a company does not have the intent to sell a debt security prior to recovery and (b) it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery, the security would not be considered other-than-temporarily impaired unless there is a credit loss. When an entity does not intend to sell the security, and it is more likely than not, the entity will not have to sell the security before recovery of its cost basis, it will recognize the credit component of an other-than-temporary impairment of a debt security in earnings and the remaining portion in other comprehensive income. For held-to-maturity debt securities, the amount of an other-than-temporary impairment recorded in other comprehensive income for the noncredit portion of a previous other-than-temporary impairment is amortized prospectively over the remaining life of the security on the basis of the timing of future estimated cash flows of the security.

There were no credit-related other-than-temporary impairment charges in the first quarter of 2012 or 2011.

Impairment of Restricted Investment in Bank Stocks
Restricted bank stock is comprised of restricted stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (FHLB) and the Atlantic Central Bankers Bank. Federal law requires a member institution of the FHLB to hold stock of its district bank according to a predetermined formula. These restricted securities are carried at cost.
 
In December 2008, the FHLB of Pittsburgh notified member banks that it was suspending dividend payments and the repurchase of capital stock to preserve capital. Management’s determination of whether these investments are impaired is based on their assessment of the ultimate recoverability of their cost rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recoverability of their cost is influenced by criteria such as (1) the significance of the decline in net assets of the FHLB as compared to the capital stock amount for the FHLB and the length of time this situation has persisted, (2) commitments by the FHLB to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to the operating performance of the FHLB, and (3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, on the customer base of the FHLB.
 
 
-44-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES (Continued)

Impairment of Restricted Investment in Bank Stocks (Continued)
On October 28, 2010, the FHLB announced their decision to institute a limited excess capital stock repurchase. These capital stock repurchases continued on a quarterly basis during 2011 and the first quarter of 2012. In addition on February 22, 2012 the FHLB announced its decision to pay an annual dividend of 0.10%. Further repurchases or excess capital stock or cash dividends will be evaluated quarterly by the FHLB. Management believes no impairment charge is necessary related to the restricted stock balance as of March 31, 2012.

Allowance for Loan Losses
QNB considers that the determination of the allowance for loan losses involves a higher degree of judgment and complexity than its other significant accounting policies. The allowance for loan losses is calculated with the objective of maintaining a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb probable known and inherent losses in the outstanding loan portfolio. The allowance is reduced by actual credit losses and is increased by the provision for loan losses and recoveries of previous losses. The provisions for loan losses are charged to earnings to bring the total allowance for loan losses to a level considered necessary by management.

The allowance for loan losses is based on management’s continual review and evaluation of the loan portfolio. The level of the allowance is determined by assigning specific reserves to individually identified problem credits and general reserves to all other loans. The portion of the allowance that is allocated to impaired loans is determined by estimating the inherent loss on each credit after giving consideration to the value of underlying collateral. The general reserves are based on the composition and risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, including the nature of the loan portfolio, credit concentration trends, delinquency and loss experience, as well as other qualitative factors such as current economic trends.

Management emphasizes loan quality and close monitoring of potential problem credits. Credit risk identification and review processes are utilized in order to assess and monitor the degree of risk in the loan portfolio. QNB’s lending and credit administration staff are charged with reviewing the loan portfolio and identifying changes in the economy or in a borrower’s circumstances which may affect the ability to repay debt or the value of pledged collateral. A loan classification and review system exists that identifies those loans with a higher than normal risk of uncollectibility. Each commercial loan is assigned a grade based upon an assessment of the borrower’s financial capacity to service the debt and the presence and value of collateral for the loan. An independent loan review group tests risk assessments and evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Management meets monthly to review the credit quality of the loan portfolio and quarterly to review the allowance for loan losses.

In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review QNB’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require QNB to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

Management believes that it uses the best information available to make determinations about the adequacy of the allowance and that it has established its existing allowance for loan losses in accordance with GAAP. If circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in making determinations, future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary and results of operations could be affected. Because future events affecting borrowers and collateral cannot be predicted with certainty, increases to the allowance may be necessary should the quality of any loans deteriorate as a result of the factors discussed above.

Foreclosed Assets
Assets acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are held-for-sale and are initially recorded at fair value less cost to sell at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Revenue and expenses and changes in the valuation allowance are included in net expenses from foreclosed assets.
 
 
-45-

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES (Continued)

Stock-Based Compensation
QNB sponsors stock-based compensation plans, administered by a board committee, under which both qualified and non-qualified stock options may be granted periodically to certain employees. QNB accounts for all awards granted under stock-based compensation plans in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. Compensation cost has been measured using the fair value of an award on the grant date and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period. The fair value of each option is amortized into compensation expense on a straight-line basis between the grant date for the option and each vesting date. QNB estimates the fair value of stock options on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The model requires the use of numerous assumptions, many of which are highly subjective in nature.

Income Taxes
QNB accounts for income taxes under the asset/liability method in accordance with income tax accounting guidance, ASC 740, Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established against deferred tax assets when, in the judgment of management, it is more likely than not that such deferred tax assets will not become available. Because the judgment about the level of future taxable income is dependent to a great extent on matters that may, at least in part, be beyond QNB’s control, it is at least reasonably possible that management’s judgment about the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets could change in the near term.
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - OVERVIEW

QNB reported net income for the first quarter of 2012 of $2,471,000, or $0.77 per share on a diluted basis. This represents an 11.8% increase compared to net income of $2,211,000, or $0.70 per share on a diluted basis, for the same period in 2011.

The results for the first quarter of 2012 represent a record quarter for QNB and reflect an increase in non-interest income of $626,000 and a lower provision for credit losses of $350,000. These positive variances were partially offset by a $151,000 reduction in net interest income and a $431,000 increase in non-interest expense.

Net income expressed as an annualized rate of return on average assets and average shareholders’ equity was 1.15% and 14.71%, respectively, for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 compared with 1.11% and 14.72%, respectively, for the quarter ended March 31, 2011.

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin
Net interest income for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 totaled $6,806,000, a slight decrease of $151,000, or 2.2%, over the same period in 2011. When comparing the two quarters, strong growth in deposits and the investment of these deposits into the securities portfolio was offset by a reduction in the net interest margin resulting in lower net interest income. Average earning assets grew by $57,001,000, or 7.3%, when comparing the first quarter of 2012 to the same period in 2011, with average investment securities increasing $49,423,000, or 17.0%. On the funding side, average deposits increased $57,071,000, or 8.2%, with average transaction accounts increasing $71,088,000, or 17.9%. The growth in transaction accounts was broad based across all product lines and all customer types with the largest increases centered in QNB's Online eSavings product and the deposits of several local school districts and municipalities. Offsetting a portion of this growth was a decline in average time deposits of $14,017,000 when comparing the first quarter 2012 with the same period in 2011.
 
 
-46-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – OVERVIEW (Continued)

The net interest margin for the first quarter of 2012 was 3.53% compared to 3.89% for the first quarter of 2011 and 3.53% for the fourth quarter of 2011. The historically low interest rate environment of the past few years when combined with the growth in earning assets occurring in the investment portfolio, which generally earn a lower yield than loans, contributed to a decline in the net interest margin. During the beginning of this interest rate cycle, funding costs declined at a faster pace and to a greater degree than rates on earning assets resulting in an increasing net interest margin. However, since the second quarter of 2011 this trend has reversed as funding costs have approached bottom while yields on earning assets continue to reprice lower resulting in a lower net interest margin.

The average rate earned on earning assets declined 59 basis points from 5.00% for the first quarter of 2011 to 4.41% for the first quarter of 2012. When comparing the change in the yield on earning assets between the two first quarter periods, loans and investment securities declined from 5.85% and 3.75%, respectively, for the first quarter of 2011 to 5.37% and 3.20%, respectively, for the first quarter of 2012, a decline of 48 basis points and 55 basis points, respectively.

In comparison, the cost of interest-bearing liabilities declined 27 basis points from 1.27% to 1.00% over the same time periods. The interest rate paid on interest-bearing deposits declined by 26 basis points to 0.91% for the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011. Time deposits was the greatest contributor with the average rate paid on time deposits declining 32 basis points from 1.73% for the first quarter of 2011 to 1.41% for the first quarter of 2012. The rates paid on the various transaction account types; interest-bearing demand, municipal, money market and savings declined between 12 basis points and 18 basis points when comparing the two quarters. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities should decline in the second quarter of 2012 as $15,000,000 of long-term debt at a rate of 4.75% matured in April and was repaid.

Asset Quality, Provision for Loan Loss and Allowance for Loan Loss
QNB closely monitors the quality of its loan portfolio and as a result of a reduction in non-performing loans, lower amounts of loan charge-offs and a reduction in outstanding balances, QNB was able to reduce its provision for loan losses while increasing the balance of the allowance for loan losses and coverage of the allowance for loan losses to total loans and nonperforming loans.

QNB recorded a provision for loan losses of $300,000 in the first quarter of 2012 compared with $650,000 in the first quarter of 2011 and $950,000 in the fourth quarter of 2011. Net loan charge-offs were $85,000, or 0.07% annualized of total average loans, for the first quarter of 2012, compared with $413,000, or 0.35% annualized of total average loans, for the first quarter of 2011 and $576,000, or 0.48% annualized of total average loans, for the fourth quarter of 2011.

QNB's allowance for loan losses of $9,456,000 represents 1.97% of total loans at March 31, 2012 compared to an allowance for loan losses of $9,241,000, or 1.88% of total loans, at December 31, 2011 and $9,192,000, or 1.92% of total loans, at March 31, 2011.

Asset quality continues to slowly improve. Total non-performing assets were $23,234,000 at March 31, 2012 compared with $24,145,000 as of December 31, 2011 and $14,721,000 as of March 31, 2011. Included in this classification are non-performing loans, other real estate owned (OREO) and repossessed assets, and non-performing pooled trust preferred securities. Total non-performing loans, which represent loans on non-accrual status, loans past due more than 90 days and still accruing interest and restructured loans were $19,903,000, or 4.15% of total loans, at March 31, 2012 compared with $21,390,000, or 4.36% of total loans, at December 31, 2011 and $13,012,000, or 2.72% of total loans, at March 31, 2011. The increase in non-performing assets during 2011 was primarily the result of several large commercial loan relationships that showed signs of financial difficulty and collateral values that were below the carrying value of the loan. These loans were placed on non-accrual status because it is possible that all principal and interest payments will not be received as expected. Loans on non-accrual status were $17,064,000 at March 31, 2012 compared with $18,597,000 at December 31, 2011 and $10,589,000 at March 31, 2011. In cases where there is a collateral shortfall on non-accrual loans, specific impairment reserves have been established based on updated collateral values even if the borrower continues to pay in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Of the total amount of non-accrual loans at March 31, 2012, $10,242,000, or 60% of the loans classified as non-accrual, are current or past due less than 30 days at March 31, 2012.
 
 
 
-47-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – OVERVIEW (Continued)

QNB had OREO and other repossessed assets of $1,277,000 as of March 31, 2012 compared with $826,000 at December 31, 2011 and $0 at March 31, 2011. Non-performing pooled trust preferred securities are carried at fair value which was $2,054,000, $1,929,000, and $1,709,000 at March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011, respectively. The increase in the balance of non-performing pooled trust preferred securities reflects an improvement in the fair value of these securities and not the purchase of additional securities.
 
Non-Interest Income
Total non-interest income was $1,566,000 for the first quarter of 2012, an increase of $626,000 compared with the same period in 2011. Net gains on the sale of investment securities and residential mortgage loans account for $620,000 of this total increase. QNB recorded $389,000 of net gains on the sale of investment securities during the first quarter of 2012 compared to net losses of $43,000 recognized in the first quarter of 2011. Included in the first quarter of 2012 securities gains were $386,000 recorded on the sale of equity securities. With the outstanding performance of the U.S. equity markets in the first quarter of 2012, QNB elected to sell some equity holdings and recognize gains. In the first quarter of 2011, QNB recorded gains of $126,000 on the sale of equity securities and net losses of $169,000 on the sale of lower yielding mortgage-backed and Agency securities.

As a result of historically low mortgage rates the amount of residential mortgage refinancing activity has increased significantly as has the amount of gains recorded on the sale of these mortgages. QNB recorded gains of $227,000 on the sale of mortgages during the first quarter of 2012 compared with $39,000 in the first quarter of 2011.

Non-Interest Expense
Total non-interest expense was $4,851,000 for the first quarter of 2012, an increase of $431,000, or 9.8% compared to $4,420,000 for the first quarter of 2011. Salaries and benefits expense contributed the largest portion of the total increase in non-interest expense increasing $239,000, or 10.0%. A seven person increase in the number of full-time equivalent employees, including the addition of a Chief Information and Technology Officer during the third quarter of 2011, along with promotional and merit increases contributed to the $175,000 increase in salary expense. Payroll related taxes increased $26,000, medical and dental benefit premiums and claims increased $21,000 and retirement plan expense increased $18,000 when comparing the two quarters.

Net occupancy and furniture and fixtures expense increased $54,000, or 7.7%, with the majority of the increase in depreciation expense, common area maintenance adjustments on a couple of leased properties and equipment maintenance costs.

Also contributing to the increase in non-interest expense was a $91,000, or 36.6%, increase in third party services and a $67,000 increase in expenses related to the maintenance of other real estate owned. The increase in third party services relates primarily to ongoing costs associated with the new online and mobile banking system introduced in the third quarter of 2011 and the outsourcing of email services to a third party provider during the second quarter of 2011. Marketing expense increased $26,000, or 14.9%, as a result of an increase in public relations and donations costs.

Partially offsetting these higher costs were reductions in FDIC insurance expense of $82,000, or 31.4%. The decrease in FDIC premium expense was a result of a reduction in the rate charged and a change in the method of calculating the basis of the premium effective as of April 1, 2011.

These items noted in the foregoing overview, as well as others, will be discussed and analyzed more thoroughly in the next sections.
 
 
-48-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Average Balances, Rate, and Interest Income and Expense Summary (Tax-Equivalent Basis)
             
                                     
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
 
   
Average
   
Average
         
Average
   
Average
       
   
Balance
   
Rate
   
Interest
   
Balance
   
Rate
   
Interest
 
Assets
                                   
Federal funds sold
  $ -       0.00 %   $ -     $ -       0.00 %   $ -  
Investment securities:
                                               
   U.S. Government agencies
    65,586       1.85 %     303       60,748       2.13 %     323  
   State and municipal
    76,480       5.58 %     1,067       67,224       5.94 %     999  
   Mortgage-backed and CMOs
    188,500       2.73 %     1,287       155,217       3.51 %     1,360  
   Other debt securities
    6,095       1.78 %     27       4,089       1.16 %     12  
   Equities
    3,285       4.18 %     34       3,245       3.34 %     27  
     Total investment securities
    339,946       3.20 %     2,718       290,523       3.75 %     2,721  
Loans:
                                               
  Commercial real estate
    256,720       5.43 %     3,465       262,295       5.99 %     3,877  
  Residential real estate
    27,154       5.07 %     344       23,398       5.57 %     326  
  Home equity loans
    51,836       4.60 %     593       56,903       4.83 %     678  
  Commercial and industrial
    97,275       4.98 %     1,205       85,766       5.31 %     1,123  
  Indirect lease financing
    12,156       9.23 %     281       13,660       8.84 %     302  
  Consumer loans
    2,308       14.15 %     81       2,643       13.56 %     88  
  Tax-exempt loans
    34,835       5.42 %     469       32,034       6.15 %     485  
     Total loans, net of unearned income*
    482,284       5.37 %     6,438       476,699       5.85 %     6,879  
Other earning assets
    13,921       0.26 %     9       11,928       0.24 %     7  
     Total earning assets
    836,151       4.41 %     9,165       779,150       5.00 %     9,607  
Cash and due from banks
    10,634                       9,616                  
Allowance for loan losses
    (9,344 )                     (8,892 )                
Other assets
    28,451                       26,415                  
     Total assets
  $ 865,892                     $ 806,289                  
                                                 
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
                                               
Interest-bearing deposits:
                                               
  Interest-bearing demand
  $ 95,830       0.34 %     80     $ 87,361       0.52 %     113  
  Municipals
    54,343       0.64 %     87       39,858       0.78 %     77  
  Money market
    78,134       0.36 %     71       73,584       0.52 %     94  
  Savings
    177,031       0.72 %     315       136,697       0.84 %     282  
  Time
    184,068       1.38 %     629       199,842       1.70 %     836  
  Time of $100,000 or more
    101,226       1.49 %     374       99,469       1.79 %     440  
     Total interest-bearing deposits
    690,632       0.91 %     1,556       636,811       1.17 %     1,842  
Short-term borrowings
    20,899       0.52 %     27       25,085       0.89 %     55  
Long-term debt
    20,297       4.75 %     244       20,307       4.75 %     241  
     Total interest-bearing liabilities
    731,828       1.00 %     1,827       682,203       1.27 %     2,138  
Non-interest-bearing deposits
    63,316                       60,066                  
Other liabilities
    3,158                       3,124                  
Shareholders' equity
    67,590                       60,896                  
    Total liabilities and
                                               
       shareholders' equity
  $ 865,892                     $ 806,289                  
Net interest rate spread
            3.41 %                     3.73 %        
Margin/net interest income
            3.53 %   $ 7,338               3.89 %   $ 7,469  
Tax-exempt securities and loans were adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis and are based on the marginal Federal corporate tax rate of 34 percent.
Non-accrual loans and investment securities are included in earning assets.
* Includes loans held-for-sale
 
 
-49-

 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Rate/Volume Analysis. The following table shows the fully taxable equivalent effect of changes in volumes and rates on interest income and interest expense. Changes in net interest income that could not be specifically identified as either a rate or volume change were allocated to changes in volume.
 
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31, 2012 compared
 
   
to March 31, 2011
 
                   
   
Total
   
Due to change in:
 
   
Change
   
Volume
   
Rate
 
Interest income:
                 
Federal funds sold
  $ -     $ -     $ -  
Investment securities:
                       
   U.S. Government agencies
    (20 )     27       (47 )
   State and municipal
    68       137       (69 )
   Mortgage-backed and CMOs
    (73 )     291       (364 )
   Other debt securities
    15       6       9  
   Equities
    7       -       7  
Loans:
                       
  Commercial real estate
    (412 )     (51 )     (361 )
  Residential real estate
    18       52       (34 )
  Home equity loans
    (85 )     (55 )     (30 )
  Commercial and industrial
    82       161       (79 )
  Indirect lease financing
    (21 )     (33 )     12  
  Consumer loans
    (7 )     (10 )     3  
  Tax-exempt loans
    (16 )     47       (63 )
Other earning assets
    2       1       1  
         Total interest income
    (442 )     573       (1,015 )
Interest expense:
                       
Interest-bearing demand
    (33 )     12       (45 )
Municipals
    10       29       (19 )
Money market
    (23 )     7       (30 )
Savings
    33       86       (53 )
Time
    (207 )     (60 )     (147 )
Time of $100,000 or more
    (66 )     11       (77 )
Short-term borrowings
    (28 )     (9 )     (19 )
Long-term debt
    3       3       -  
         Total interest expense
    (311 )     79       (390 )
Net interest income
  $ (131 )   $ 494     $ (625 )
 
 
-50-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
NET INTEREST INCOME

The following table presents the adjustment to convert net interest income to net interest income on a fully taxable-equivalent basis for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

Three months ended March 31,
 
2012
   
2011
 
Total interest income
  $ 8,633     $ 9,095  
Total interest expense
    1,827       2,138  
Net interest income
    6,806       6,957  
Tax-equivalent adjustment
    532       512  
Net interest income (fully taxable-equivalent)
  $ 7,338     $ 7,469  

Net interest income is the primary source of operating income for QNB. Net interest income is interest income, dividends, and fees on earning assets, less interest expense incurred for funding sources. Earning assets primarily include loans, investment securities, interest bearing balances at the Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) and Federal funds sold. Sources used to fund these assets include deposits and borrowed funds. Net interest income is affected by changes in interest rates, the volume and mix of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and the amount of earning assets funded by non-interest bearing deposits.

For purposes of this discussion, interest income and the average yield earned on loans and investment securities are adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis as detailed in the tables that appear above. This adjustment to interest income is made for analysis purposes only. Interest income is increased by the amount of savings of Federal income taxes, which QNB realizes by investing in certain tax-exempt state and municipal securities and by making loans to certain tax-exempt organizations. In this way, the ultimate economic impact of earnings from various assets can be more easily compared.
 
The net interest rate spread is the difference between average rates received on earning assets and average rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, while the net interest rate margin, which includes interest-free sources of funds, is net interest income expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The Investment and Asset/Liability Management Committees work to manage and maximize the net interest margin for the Company.

Net interest income decreased $151,000, or 2.2%, to $6,806,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2011. On a tax-equivalent basis, net interest income decreased $131,000, or 1.8%, from $7,469,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2011 to $7,338,000 for the same period ended March 31, 2012.

When comparing the two quarters, strong growth in deposits and the investment of these deposits into the securities portfolio was offset by a reduction in the net interest margin resulting in lower net interest income. Average earning assets grew by $57,001,000, or 7.3%, when comparing the first quarter of 2012 to the same period in 2011, with average investment securities increasing $49,423,000, or 17.0%, and average loans increasing $5,585,000, or 1.2%. On the funding side, average deposits increased $57,071,000, or 8.2%, with average transaction accounts increasing $71,088,000, or 17.9%. The growth in transaction accounts was broad based across all product lines and all customer types with the largest increases centered in QNB's Online eSavings product and the deposits of several local school districts and municipalities. Offsetting a portion of this growth was a decline in average time deposits of $14,017,000 when comparing the first quarter 2012 with the same period in 2011.

With the growth in earning assets occurring in the investment portfolio, the mix of earning assets changed which contributed to a decline in the net interest margin, as investment securities generally earn a lower yield than loans. In addition, while the economy has shown signs of improvement, issues in the residential and commercial real estate markets persist as do high levels of unemployment. During the third quarter of 2011, the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee announced that they were likely to leave the Federal funds rate at exceptionally low levels through mid-2013 (subsequently extended to 2014) and that they would purchase longer-term Treasury securities in an effort to further reduce longer-term interest rates. These actions combined with events in Europe had the impact of lowering Treasury interest rates and flattening the yield curve as longer-term rates declined more than short-term rates. A low level of interest rates has been
 
 
-51-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
NET INTEREST INCOME (continued)

in place since 2008 and has resulted in lower yields earned on both loans and investment securities as well as lower rates paid on deposits and borrowed funds. During the beginning of this interest rate cycle, funding costs declined at a faster pace and to a greater degree than rates on earning assets resulting in an increasing net interest margin. However, since the second quarter of 2011 this trend has reversed as funding costs have approached bottom while yields on earning assets continue to reprice lower resulting in a lower net interest margin.

As a result of these historically low interest rates, over the past year, a significant amount of higher yielding bonds with call features were called and prepayments on mortgage-related securities increased, with these proceeds being reinvested in lower yielding investment securities. In addition, new loans are being originated at significantly lower rates, variable rate loans are repricing lower and many customers with fixed rates are requesting that their rates be modified lower. The net interest margin for the first quarter of 2012 was 3.53% compared to 3.89% for the first quarter of 2011 and 3.53% for the fourth quarter of 2011.  Also negatively impacting both the yield on earning assets and the net interest margin was an increase in nonaccrual loans from $10,589,000 at March 31, 2011 to $17,064,000 at March 31, 2012.

The Rate-Volume Analysis tables, as presented on a tax-equivalent basis, highlight the impact of changing rates and volumes on interest income and interest expense. Total interest income on a tax-equivalent basis decreased $442,000, or 4.6% to $9,165,000 for the first quarter of 2012, while total interest expense decreased $311,000, or 14.5%, to $1,827,000. Volume growth in earning assets contributed an additional $573,000 of interest income but was offset by a decline in interest income of $1,015,000 resulting from lower interest rates. With regard to interest expense, lower funding costs resulted in a decline in interest expense of $390,000 which was partially offset by a $79,000 increase in interest expense resulting from growth in balances of interest-bearing deposits.
 
The yield on earning assets on a tax-equivalent basis decreased 59 basis points from 5.00% for the first quarter of 2011 to 4.41% for the first quarter of 2012 and also declined by two basis points from the 4.43% reported for the fourth quarter of 2011. In comparison, the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities decreased 27 basis points from 1.27% for the first quarter of 2011 to 1.00% for the first quarter of 2012 and decreased three basis points when compared to 1.03% reported in the fourth quarter of 2011.

Interest income on investment securities decreased $3,000 when comparing the two quarters as the increase in average balances offset the 55 basis point decline in the average yield of the portfolio. The average yield on the investment portfolio was 3.20% for the first quarter of 2012 compared with 3.75% for the first quarter of 2011. As noted previously, the decline in the yield on the investment portfolio is primarily the result of the extended period of low interest rates which has resulted in an increase in cash flow from the investment portfolio as prepayments speeds on mortgage-backed securities and CMOs ramped-up as did the amount of calls of agency and municipal securities. The actions by the Federal Open Market Committee noted above have resulted in a further increase in prepay speeds and calls. The reinvestment of these funds was in securities that had lower yields than what they replaced. The growth in the investment portfolio was primarily in high-quality U.S. Government agency and agency issued mortgage-backed and CMO securities as well as in tax-exempt state and municipal bonds.

Income on Government agency securities decreased $20,000, as the 8.0% growth in average balances was offset a 28 basis point decline in the yield from 2.13% for the first quarter of 2011 to 1.85% for the same period in 2012. Most of the bonds in the agency portfolio have call features ranging from three months to three years, many of which were exercised as a result of the low interest rate environment. The proceeds from these called bonds as well as liquidity from deposit growth were reinvested in securities with significantly lower yields.
 
 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
NET INTEREST INCOME (continued)
 
Interest income on tax-exempt municipal securities increased $68,000 with higher balances accounting for $137,000 of additional income. Average balances of tax-exempt municipal securities increased $9,256,000, or 13.8%, to $76,480,000 for the first quarter of 2012. As a result of credit concerns in the municipal market arising from issues with the insurance companies that insure the bonds and concerns over the general health of state and municipal governments because of declining revenues and budget issues resulting from economic conditions, municipal bond yields declined but not to the same degree as yields on other types of securities. As a result QNB expanded its purchase of municipal bonds, primarily general obligation bonds of issuers with strong underlying credit ratings. The yield on the state and municipal portfolio decreased 36 basis points from 5.94% for the first quarter of 2011 to 5.58% for the first quarter of 2012. This decline in yield reduced interest income by $69,000 when comparing the two quarters.

Interest income on mortgage-backed securities and CMOs decreased $73,000 with an increase in average balances offsetting in part the significant impact of lower rates. Average balances increased $33,283,000, or 21.4%, to $188,500,000 when comparing the two periods and contributed $291,000 in additional income. The yield on the mortgage-backed and CMO portfolio decreased 78 basis points from 3.51% for the first quarter of 2011 to 2.73% for the first quarter of 2012, resulting in a $364,000 reduction in interest income. This portfolio was expanded because it provides higher yields relative to agency bonds and also provides monthly cash flow which can be used for liquidity purposes or can be reinvested when interest rates eventually increase. With the historically low interest rate environment mortgage refinancing activity over the past two years was significant resulting in an increase in prepayments on these securities. Since most of these securities were purchased at a premium, prepayments result in a shorter amortization period of this premium and therefore a reduction in income.

Income on loans decreased $441,000 to $6,438,000 when comparing the first quarters of 2012 and 2011 with the decline in the portfolio yield being the reason. The yield on the loan portfolio decreased 48 basis points to 5.37% when comparing the same periods, resulting in a reduction in interest income of $552,000. When comparing the two quarters average balances increased 1.1% resulting in an additional $111,000 in interest income. Prior to the third quarter of 2011, QNB was able to minimize the decline in the portfolio yield by implementing interest rate floors on some variable rate commercial loans and home equity lines of credit and by maintaining its pricing structure. However, since the third quarter of 2011, as a result of the decline in market rates and an increase in competition for quality loans, QNB lowered the rates offered on new loans and reduced rates on some existing loans.
 
The largest category of the loan portfolio is commercial real estate loans. This category of loans includes commercial purpose loans secured by either commercial properties such as office buildings, factories, warehouses, medical facilities and retail establishments, or residential real estate, usually the residence of the business owner. The category also includes construction and land development loans. Income on commercial real estate loans decreased $412,000 and was impacted by both the decline in yield and a decrease in average balances. The yield on commercial real estate loans was 5.43% for the first quarter of 2012, a decrease of 56 basis points from the 5.99% reported for the first quarter of 2011.  Average balances decreased $5,575,000, or 2.1%, to $256,720,000, for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared with the same quarter in 2011.

Income on commercial and industrial loans, the second largest category, increased $82,000 with the positive impact from the growth in balances being partially offset by the decline in the yield. Average commercial and industrial loans increased $11,509,000, or 13.4%, to $97,275,000 for the first quarter of 2012, contributing an additional $161,000 in interest income. The average yield on these loans decreased 33 basis points to 4.98% resulting in a decrease in income of $79,000. Many of the loans in this category are indexed to the prime interest rate and have floors. Since the prime rate did not change over the past year the yield on this portfolio did not decline to the same degree as some other categories.

Income on home equity loans declined by $85,000 when comparing the first quarter of 2012 and 2011. During this same time period average home equity loans decreased $5,067,000, or 8.9%, to $51,836,000, while the yield on the home equity portfolio decreased 23 basis points to 4.60%. The demand for home equity loans has declined as home values have fallen preventing some homeowners from having equity in their homes to borrow against while others have taken advantage of the low interest rates on mortgages and refinanced their home equity loans into a new mortgage.
 
 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
NET INTEREST INCOME (continued)

Given the low yields on alternative investment securities management decided to retain some 15 year mortgages to borrowers with high credit scores and low loan to value ratios. As a result, average residential mortgage loans secured by first lien 1-4 family residential mortgages increased by $3,756,000, or 16.1%, to $27,154,000 for the first quarter of 2012. During this same period the average yield on the portfolio declined by 50 basis points to 5.07% for the first quarter of 2012. The net result was an additional $18,000 in interest income.
 
For the most part, earning assets are funded by deposits, which increased on average by $57,071,000, or 8.2%, to $753,948,000, when comparing the first quarters of 2012 and 2011. While total income on earning assets on a tax-equivalent basis decreased $442,000 when comparing the first quarter of 2012 to the first quarter of 2011, total interest expense declined $311,000. Interest expense on total deposits decreased $286,000 while interest expense on borrowed funds decreased $25,000 when comparing the two quarters. The rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities decreased 27 basis points from 1.27% for the first quarter of 2011 to 1.00% for the first quarter of 2012. During this same period, the rate paid on interest-bearing deposits decreased 26 basis points from 1.17% to 0.91%.

The growth in deposits when comparing the first quarter of 2012 with the first quarter of 2011 was not centered in time deposits but in accounts with greater liquidity, such as interest-bearing demand, interest-bearing municipal accounts, and savings deposits. Average interest-bearing demand accounts increased $8,469,000, or 9.7%, to $95,830,000 for the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011; however, interest expense on interest-bearing demand accounts decreased $33,000 to $80,000 for the first quarter of 2012 as the average rate paid decreased from 0.52% for the first quarter of 2011 to 0.34% for the first quarter of 2012. The reduction in the cost of funds reflects the exceptionally low interest rate environment over the past year and the historic lows reached by Treasury rates. Included in this category is QNB-Rewards checking, a high-rate checking account product. The decrease in interest expense and the average rate paid on interest-bearing demand accounts is primarily the result of a reduction in the rate paid on QNB-Rewards checking. The rate paid on this account for the first quarter of 2011 was 2.05% on balances up to $25,000 and 0.75% for balances over $25,000 compared to 1.25% on balances up to $25,000 and 0.50% for balances over $25,000 during the first quarter of 2012. In order to receive the high rate a customer must receive an electronic statement, have one direct deposit or other ACH transaction and have at least 12 check card purchase transactions post and clear per statement cycle. For the first quarter of 2012, the average balance in this product was $28,998,000 and the related interest expense was $72,000 for an average yield of 0.99%. In comparison, the average balance of the QNB-Rewards accounts for the first quarter of 2011 was $27,658,000 with a related interest expense of $105,000 and an average rate paid of 1.54%. Even with the reduction in the rates paid on the QNB-Rewards product, the yield of 1.25% for the first $25,000 and 0.50% on balances over $25,000, assuming qualifications are met, is still an attractive rate relative to competitors’ offerings as well as other QNB products. This product also generates fee income through the use of the check card. The average balance of other interest-bearing demand accounts included in this category increased from $59,703,000 for the first quarter of 2011 to $66,832,000 for the first quarter of 2012. The average rate paid on these balances was 0.05% for both three month periods.

Interest expense on municipal interest-bearing demand accounts increased $10,000 to $87,000 for the first quarter of 2012. The increase in interest expense was the result of a substantial increase in average balances offsetting a decline in the rate paid. The average balance of municipal interest-bearing demand accounts increased $14,485,000, or 36.3%, while the average interest rate paid on these accounts decreased from 0.78% for the first quarter of 2011 to 0.64% for the first quarter of 2012. Most of these accounts are tied directly to the Federal funds rate with most having rate floors between 0.25% and 0.75%. QNB was successful in increasing their relationships with several of these customers over the past year, accounting for the increase in balances.

Average money market accounts increased $4,550,000, or 6.2%, to $78,134,000 for the first quarter of 2012 compared with the same period in 2011. When comparing these same periods interest expense on money market accounts decreased $23,000 to $71,000 and the average interest rate paid declined 16 basis points to 0.36% for the first quarter of 2012. The decline in interest expense and the rate paid is a function of the overall decline in market rates.
 
 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
NET INTEREST INCOME (continued)

During the second quarter of 2009 QNB introduced an online eSavings account to compete with other online savings accounts. This product was introduced at a yield of 1.85% and has been extremely successful having grown to $136,359,000 at March 31, 2012. As market rates declined, the eSavings yield was also reduced and was 0.90% at March 31, 2012. The average yield paid on these accounts was 0.93% for the first quarter of 2012 compared with a yield of 1.22% for the first quarter of 2011. The average balance of this product was $127,642,000 for the first quarter of 2012 compared to $85,480,000 for the first quarter of 2011 and contributed to the $40,334,000, or 29.5%, increase in total average savings accounts when comparing the two quarters. Traditional statement savings accounts, passbook savings and club accounts are also included in the savings category; however, experienced little change when comparing the first quarter 2012 average to the same 2011 quarter. The average rate paid on total savings accounts decreased 12 basis points from 0.84% for the first quarter of 2011 to 0.72% for the first quarter of 2012 while interest expense increased 11.7% from $282,000 to $315,000 over the same period.

The repricing of time deposits at lower rates has had the greatest impact on total interest expense when comparing the two quarters. Total interest expense on time deposits decreased $273,000, or 21.4%, to $1,003,000 for the first quarter of 2012. Average total time deposits decreased by $14,017,000, or 4.7%, to $285,294,000 for the first quarter of 2012. Similar to fixed-rate loans and investment securities, time deposits reprice over time and, therefore, have less of an immediate impact on costs in either a rising or falling rate environment. Unlike loans and investment securities, however, the maturity and repricing characteristics of time deposits tend to be shorter. Over the course of 2011 and the first three months of 2012 a significant amount of time deposits have repriced lower as rates have declined. The average rate paid on time deposits decreased from 1.73% to 1.41% when comparing the first quarter of 2011 to the same period in 2012.

Approximately $134,847,000, or 47.3%, of time deposits at March 31, 2012 will reprice or mature over the next 12 months. The average rate paid on these time deposits is approximately 0.94%. Given the short-term nature of QNB’s time deposit portfolio and the current rates being offered, it is likely that the average rate paid on time deposits may continue to decline slightly in the near term as higher costing time deposits are repriced lower. However, given the short-term nature of these deposits interest expense could increase if short-term time deposit rates were to increase suddenly.

Short-term borrowings are primarily comprised of sweep accounts structured as repurchase agreements with our commercial customers. Interest expense on short-term borrowings decreased from $55,000 for the first quarter of 2011 to $27,000 for the first quarter of 2012. When comparing these same periods average balances decreased from $25,085,000 to $20,899,000 while the average rate paid declined from 0.89% to 0.52%.

QNB had approximately $20,300,000 of average long-term debt at an average rate of 4.75% for both the first quarter of 2012 and 2011. In April 2012, $15,000,000 of debt at a rate of 4.75% matured and was repaid. This will result in a reduction of interest expense going forward.

To continue to attract and retain deposits, QNB plans to be competitive with respect to rates and to continue to deliver products with terms and features that appeal to customers. The QNB Rewards checking and online eSavings accounts are examples of such products.
 
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

The provision for loan losses represents management's determination of the amount necessary to be charged to operations to bring the allowance for loan losses to a level that represents management’s best estimate of the known and inherent losses in the existing loan portfolio. Management believes that it uses the best information available to make determinations about the adequacy of the allowance and that it has established its existing allowance for loan losses in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The determination of an appropriate level for the allowance for loan losses is based upon an analysis of the risks inherent in QNB’s loan portfolio. Management, in determining the allowance for loan losses, makes significant estimates and assumptions. Since the allowance for loan losses is dependent, to a great extent, on conditions that may be beyond QNB’s control, it is at least reasonably possible that
 
 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

management’s estimates of the allowance for loan losses and actual results could differ. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review QNB’s allowance for losses on loans. Such agencies may require QNB to recognize changes to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination. Actual loan losses, net of recoveries, serve to reduce the allowance.

Management closely monitors the quality of its loan portfolio and performs a quarterly analysis of the appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses. This analysis considers a number of relevant factors including: specific impairment reserves, historical loan loss experience, general economic conditions, levels of and trends in delinquent and non-performing loans, levels of classified loans, trends in the growth rate of loans and concentrations of credit.

Economic conditions over the past few years have contributed to high rates of unemployment and a softening of the residential and commercial real estate markets. These factors have had a negative impact on both consumers and small businesses and have contributed to higher than historical levels of net charge-offs and increases in specific reserves and in non-performing, impaired and classified loans. These factors when combined with the inherent risk related to the significant growth in the loan portfolio prior to 2011 and continued concerns related to economic conditions have resulted in elevated levels of the provision for loan losses and the allowance for loan losses. Since December 31, 2008, the start of the financial crisis, QNB has increased its allowance for loan losses from $3,836,000, or 0.95% of total loans, to $9,456,000, or 1.97% of total loans at March 31, 2012. Over the past year the allowance for loan losses has been relatively stable representing $9,241,000, or 1.89% of total loans at December 31, 2011, and $9,192,000, or 1.92% of total loans at March 31, 2011.  The allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2012 is at a level that QNB management believes is adequate as of that date based on its analysis of known and inherent losses in the portfolio.

QNB recorded a provision for loan losses of $300,000 in the first quarter of 2012. This compares to provisions of $650,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 and $950,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2011. Net loan charge-offs were $85,000, or 0.07% (annualized) of average total loans for the first quarter of 2012 compared with $413,000, or 0.35% (annualized) of average total loans for the first quarter of 2011 and $576,000, or 0.48% (annualized) of average total loans for the fourth quarter of 2011. Two borrowers account for approximately $411,000 of the first quarter 2011 charge-offs. Of this amount $391,000 was specifically reserved for as of December 31, 2010.

As referenced in the following table, the levels of non-performing loans peaked at September 30, 2011 at $21,956,000 and have started to decline over the past two quarters. At March 31, 2012, non-performing loans totaled $19,903,000, as compared to $21,390,000 at December 31, 2011 and $13,012,000 at March 31, 2011. Non-performing loans have risen from 2.72% of total loans at March 31, 2011 to 4.15% at March 31, 2012. The largest increase in non-performing loans from March 31, 2011 took place between the second and third quarter of 2011. It was primarily the result of several large commercial loan relationships that had signs of financial difficulty and tight collateral values. These loans were placed on non-accrual status because it is possible that all principal and interest payments will not be received as expected. Loans on non-accrual status were $17,064,000 at March 31, 2012 compared with $18,597,000 at December 31, 2011 and $10,589,000 at March 31, 2011. In cases where there is a collateral shortfall on non-accrual loans, specific impairment reserves have been established based on the updated collateral values even if the borrower continues to pay in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Of the total amount of non-accrual loans at March 31, 2012, $10,242,000, or 60.0%, were current or past due less than 30 days at quarter end.

Delinquent loans are considered performing loans and exclude non-accrual loans, restructured loans and loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest (all of which are considered non-performing loans). Total delinquent loans at March 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011 represent 0.49%, 0.58% and 0.65% of total loans, respectively.
 
 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

A loan is considered impaired, based on current information and events, if it is probable that QNB will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial loans and indirect lease financing loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral, if the loan is collateral dependent. At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the recorded investment in loans for which impairment has been identified totaled $34,153,000 and $30,368,000 of which $27,459,000 and $21,822,000, respectively, required no specific allowance for loan loss. The recorded investment in impaired loans requiring an allowance for loan losses was $6,694,000 and $8,546,000 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the related allowance for loan losses associated with these loans was $2,552,000 and $2,065,000, respectively. Most of the loans that have been identified as impaired are collateral-dependent. See Note 8 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail of impaired loans.

The following table shows detailed information and ratios pertaining to the Company’s loan and asset quality:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
Non-accrual loans
  $ 17,064     $ 18,597     $ 10,589  
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest
    171       380       36  
Restructured loans (not included above)
    2,668       2,413       2,387  
Total non-performing loans
    19,903       21,390       13,012  
Other real estate owned and repossessed assets
    1,277       826       -  
Non-accrual investment securities
    2,054       1,929       1,709  
Total non-performing assets
  $ 23,234     $ 24,145     $ 14,721  
                         
Total loans (excluding loans held-for-sale):
                       
Average total loans (YTD)
  $ 481,353     $ 476,612     $ 476,277  
Total loans
    479,474       489,936       478,394  
                         
Allowance for loan losses
    9,456       9,241       9,192  
                         
Allowance for loan losses to:
                       
Non-performing loans
    47.51 %     43.20 %     70.64 %
Total loans
    1.97 %     1.89 %     1.92 %
Average total loans
    1.96 %     1.94 %     1.93 %
                         
Non-performing loans to total loans
    4.15 %     4.36 %     2.72 %
Non-performing assets to total assets
    2.63 %     2.78 %     1.80 %
                         
 
 
 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (continued)

An analysis of loan charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to 2011 is as follows:

Three months ended March 31,
 
2012
   
2011
 
Net charge-offs
  $ 85     $ 413  
                 
Net charge-offs (annualized) to:
               
Total loans
    0.07 %     0.35 %
Average total loans
    0.07 %     0.35 %
Allowance for loan losses
    3.60 %     18.26 %
 
NON-INTEREST INCOME
 
Non-Interest Income Comparison
                       
               
Change from
 
         
prior year
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2012
   
2011
   
Amount
   
Percent
 
Fees for services to customers
  $ 339     $ 327     $ 12       3.7 %
ATM and debit card
    364       328       36       11.0 %
Bank-owned life insurance
    78       110       (32 )     -29.1 %
Merchant income
    85       62       23       37.1 %
Net gain (loss) on investment securities
    389       (43 )     432       1004.7 %
Net gain on sale of loans
    227       39       188       482.1 %
Other
    84       117       (33 )     -28.2 %
Total
  $ 1,566     $ 940     $ 626       66.6 %
 
QNB, through its core banking business, generates various fees and service charges. Total non-interest income includes service charges on deposit accounts, ATM and check card income, income on bank-owned life insurance, merchant income and gains and losses on the sale of investment securities and residential mortgage loans. Total non-interest income for the first quarter of 2012 was $1,566,000, an increase of $626,000, compared to $940,000 for the first quarter of 2011.

Fees for services to customers were $339,000 for the first quarter of 2012, a $12,000, or 3.7%, increase from the same period in 2011. Overdraft income, representing approximately 64% of total fees for services to customers during the first quarter of 2012, declined slightly by $5,000. The decline in overdraft income was more than offset by increase in service charges on checking accounts, internet banking fees and other miscellaneous fees.

ATM and debit card income is primarily comprised of transaction income on debit cards and ATM cards and ATM surcharge income for the use of QNB’s ATM machines by non-QNB customers. ATM and debit card income was $364,000 for the first quarter of 2012, an increase of $36,000, or 11.0%, from the amount recorded during the first quarter of 2011. Debit card income increased $18,000, or 8.3% to $234,000, while ATM interchange income increased $17,000, or 18.5% to $112,000. The increase in debit and ATM card income was a result of the continuing increased reliance on the card as a means of paying for goods and services by both consumers and business cardholders. The higher rate of increase in ATM PIN-based transactions is a function of some merchants recommending lower costing PIN based transactions over higher costing signature debit transactions as well as an increase in the amount QNB receives per transaction. Helping to contribute to the growth is the QNB Rewards checking product, a high-yield checking account which requires, among other terms, the posting of a minimum of twelve debit card purchase transactions per statement cycle to receive the high
 
 
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QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
NON-INTEREST INCOME (continued)

interest rate. The passage of the Dodd-Frank Act could have negative implications on the amount of interchange income earned by QNB in the future. The impact at this time is unknown.

Income on bank-owned life insurance (BOLI) represents the earnings and death benefits on life insurance policies in which the Bank is the beneficiary. Income on these policies was $78,000 and $110,000 in the first quarter of 2012 and 2011, respectively. Included in total BOLI income for the first quarter of 2011 was a death benefit payment of $31,000 on a life insurance policy in which the Bank was the beneficiary. The insurance carriers reset the rates on these policies annually taking into consideration the interest rate environment as well as mortality costs. The existing policies have rate floors which minimize how low the earnings rate can go. Some of these policies are currently at their floor.

Merchant income represents fees charged to merchants for the bank’s handling of credit card or charge sales. Merchant income was $85,000 for the first quarter of 2012, an increase of $23,000, or 37.1%, from the amount reported in the same period in 2011. The increase in merchant income is primarily a result of an increase in the number of merchant’s using QNB services.

The fixed-income securities portfolio represents a significant portion of QNB’s earning assets and is also a primary tool in liquidity and asset/liability management. QNB actively manages its fixed income portfolio in an effort to take advantage of changes in the shape of the yield curve and changes in spread relationships in different sectors and for liquidity purposes. Management continually reviews strategies that will result in an increase in the yield or improvement in the structure of the investment portfolio, including monitoring credit and concentration risk in the portfolio.

Net investment securities gains were $389,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 compared with net losses recognized of $43,000 for the comparable quarter in 2011. Included in the first quarter of 2012 securities gains were $386,000 recorded on the sale of equity securities. With the outstanding performance of the U.S. equity markets in the first quarter of 2012, QNB elected to sell some equity holdings and recognize gains. In the first quarter of 2011, QNB recorded gains of $126,000 on the sale of equity securities and net losses of $169,000 on the sale of lower yielding mortgage-backed and Agency securities. There were no credit-related OTTI charges during the first quarter of 2012 or 2011.

The net gain on residential mortgage sales is directly related to the volume of mortgages sold and the timing of the sales relative to the interest rate environment. Residential mortgage loans to be sold are identified at origination. The net gain on the sale of residential mortgage loans was $227,000 and $39,000 for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. This $188,000 increase in the net gain on sale of loans was a result of an increase in the amount of residential mortgage refinancing activity and the amount of gains recorded on the sale of these mortgages. Contributor to the increase in the gain per loan was the interest rate environment at the time of sale. In 2012, interest rates were declining during most of the first quarter resulting in larger gains being recorded per sale while during most of the first quarter of 2011 interest rates were rising, decreasing the per sale gain. Proceeds from the sale of residential mortgages were $5,491,000 and $2,711,000 for the first quarters of 2012 and 2011, respectively.

The $33,000 decrease in other non-interest income when comparing the two quarters is primarily the result of a decrease in mortgage servicing income and letter of credit fees. Mortgage servicing income declined $14,000, or 49%, when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2012 with the same period in 2011. When QNB sells its residential mortgages in the secondary market, it retains servicing rights. A normal servicing fee is retained on all mortgage loans sold and serviced. QNB recognizes its obligation to service financial assets that are retained in a transfer of assets in the form of a servicing asset. The servicing asset is amortized in proportion to, and over, the period of net servicing income or loss. On a quarterly basis, servicing assets are assessed for impairment based on their fair value. The timing of mortgage payments and delinquencies also impacts the amount of servicing fees recorded. As a result of the significant decline in mortgage interest rates and the resulting increase in refinancing activity, prepayment speeds increased. This had the impact of reducing the income on mortgage servicing as the related servicing asset must be written off when a loan is paid in full. Letter of credit fees declined by $13,000 when comparing the first quarter of 2012 to the same quarter in 2011. The reduction is primarily related to a large letter of credit to a commercial customer that expired during the fourth quarter of 2011.
 
 
-59-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE

Non-Interest Expense Comparison
                       
               
Change from
 
         
prior year
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2012
   
2011
   
Amount
   
Percent
 
Salaries and employee benefits
  $ 2,626     $ 2,387     $ 239       10.0 %
Net occupancy
    424       397       27       6.8 %
Furniture and equipment
    330       303       27       8.9 %
Marketing
    201       175       26       14.9 %
Third-party services
    339       248       91       36.7 %
Telephone, postage and supplies
    150       148       2       1.4 %
State taxes
    160       150       10       6.7 %
FDIC insurance premiums
    180       262       (82 )     -31.3 %
Other
    441       350       91       26.0 %
Total
  $ 4,851     $ 4,420     $ 431       9.8 %
 
Non-interest expense is comprised of costs related to salaries and employee benefits, net occupancy, furniture and equipment, marketing, third party services, FDIC insurance premiums, regulatory assessments and taxes and various other operating expenses. Total non-interest expense was $4,851,000 for the first quarter of 2012, an increase of $431,000, or 9.8%, compared to the first quarter of 2011. QNB’s overhead efficiency ratio, which represents the percentage of each dollar of revenue that is used for non-interest expense, is calculated by taking non-interest expense divided by net operating revenue on a tax-equivalent basis. QNB’s efficiency ratios were 54.5% and 52.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and compare favorably with Pennsylvania commercial banks with assets between $500 million and $1 billion which had an average efficiency ratio of 65.2% for the fourth quarter of 2011, the most recent period available.

Salaries and benefits is the largest component of non-interest expense. QNB monitors, through the use of various surveys, the competitive salary and benefit information in its markets and makes adjustments when appropriate. Salaries and benefits expense for the first quarter of 2012 were $2,626,000, an increase of $239,000, or 10.0%, over the $2,387,000 reported in the first quarter of 2011. Salary expense increased $175,000, or 9.4%, during the period to $2,035,000. A seven person increase in the number of full-time equivalent employees, including the addition of a Chief Information & Technology Officer during the third quarter of 2011, along with promotion and merit increases contributed to the increase in salary expense. Comparing the two quarters, benefits expense increased $64,000, or 12.1%, to $591,000. Payroll related taxes increased $26,000, medical and dental benefit premiums and claims increased $21,000 and retirement plan expense increased $18,000 when comparing the two quarters.

Net occupancy expense increased $27,000, or 6.8%, to $424,000 for the first quarter of 2012 while furniture and equipment expense increased $27,000, or 8.9%, to $330,000 for the same period. Most of the increase in net occupancy expense relates to higher ongoing common area maintenance costs and adjustments for the permanent Wescosville branch, opened in October 2010. The increase in furniture and equipment expense relates to higher depreciation on furniture and equipment, amortization of computer software and equipment maintenance costs, which all increased when comparing the first quarter of 2012 to the first quarter of 2011.

Marketing expense increased $26,000, or 14.9%, to $201,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2012. Increases in charitable contributions and public relations costs account for most of the increase in marketing expense. QNB contributes to many not-for-profit organizations and clubs and sponsors many local events in the communities it serves.
 
 
-60-

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE (continued)

Third party services are comprised of professional services, including legal, accounting, auditing and consulting services, as well as fees paid to outside vendors for support services of day-to-day operations. These support services include correspondent banking services, statement printing and mailing, investment security safekeeping and supply management services. Third party services expense increased $91,000, or 36.7%, to $339,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 when compared to the same period in 2011. The largest portion of the increase related to third party IT services for ongoing costs associated with the new online and mobile banking system introduced in the third quarter of 2011 and the outsourcing of email services to a third party provider during the second quarter of 2011.

State tax expense represents the accrual of the Pennsylvania shares tax, which is based on the equity of the Bank, Pennsylvania sales and use tax and the Pennsylvania capital stock tax. State tax expense was $160,000 for the first quarter of 2012, an increase of $10,000 compared to the same period in 2011. The Bank’s Pennsylvania Shares Tax was $158,000 for the first quarter of 2012, an increase of $10,000 resulting from an increase in the Bank’s equity. The Corporation’s capital stock tax was unchanged at $2,000.

FDIC insurance premium expense decreased $82,000, or 31.3%, to $180,000, when comparing the first quarter of 2012 to 2011. Beginning April 1, 2011, the FDIC changed the method used to calculate insurance premiums. Prior to this date deposits were used as the base for calculating the premium while going forward assets less tangible equity are used as the base. In addition, the rate was reduced by approximately seven basis points for institutions classified as Risk Category 1.

Other non-interest expense increased $91,000, or 26.0%, to $441,000 for the first quarter of 2012. The majority of the increase, $69,000, relates to expenses associated with other real estate owned. These expenses include taxes, insurance and maintenance costs related to the properties held by the Bank.
 
INCOME TAXES

QNB utilizes an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. As of March 31, 2012, QNB’s net deferred tax asset was $1,172,000. The primary components of deferred taxes are a deferred tax asset of $3,215,000 relating to the allowance for loan losses, a deferred tax asset of $134,000 generated by OTTI charges on equity securities and a deferred tax asset of $435,000 related to OTTI charges on trust preferred securities. Partially offsetting these deferred tax assets was a deferred tax liability of $2,304,000 resulting from unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities. As of March 31, 2011, QNB’s net deferred tax asset was $2,653,000. The primary components of deferred taxes at March 31, 2011 are a deferred tax asset of $3,125,000 relating to the allowance for loan losses, a deferred tax asset of $188,000 generated by OTTI charges on equity securities and a deferred tax asset of $435,000 related to OTTI charges on trust preferred securities. Partially offsetting these deferred tax assets was a deferred tax liability of $764,000 resulting from unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities.

The realizability of deferred tax assets is dependent upon a variety of factors, including the generation of future taxable income, the existence of taxes paid and recoverable, the reversal of deferred tax liabilities and tax planning strategies. Based upon these and other factors, management believes it is more likely than not that QNB will realize the benefits of these remaining deferred tax assets. The net deferred tax asset is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.

Applicable income taxes and the effective tax rate were $750,000, or 23.3%, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012. Applicable income taxes and the effective tax rate were $616,000, or 21.8%, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2011. The higher effective tax rate for 2012 is predominantly a result of tax-exempt income from loans and securities comprising a lower proportion of pre-tax income.
 
 
 
-61-

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
FINANCIAL CONDITION ANALYSIS

The following balance sheet analysis compares average balance sheet data for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, as well as the period ended balances as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

Average earning assets for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012 increased $57,001,000, or 7.3%, to $836,151,000 from $779,150,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The mix of earning assets has changed somewhat when comparing the two periods. Average loans increased $5,585,000, or 1.2%, while average investment securities increased $49,423,000, or 17.0%. Average loans represented 57.7% of earning assets for the first three months of 2012, while average investment securities represented 40.7% of earning assets for the same period. This compares to 61.2% and 37.3%, respectively, for the first three months of 2011. Average other earning assets increased $1,993,000, or 16.7%, when comparing these same periods. Given the slow-down in loan growth and the relatively low yield of 0.25% on interest-bearing deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank, the decision was made to try and stay as fully invested as possible, while still retaining adequate liquidity.

QNB’s primary business is accepting deposits and making loans to meet the credit needs of the communities it serves. Loans are the most significant component of earning assets and growth in loans to small businesses and residents of these communities has been a primary focus of QNB. Inherent within the lending function is the evaluation and acceptance of credit risk and interest rate risk. QNB manages credit risk associated with its lending activities through portfolio diversification, underwriting policies and procedures and loan monitoring practices. Total loans increased 0.2% between March 31, 2011 and March 31, 2012 but decreased 2.1% since December 31, 2011. Loan growth which had been strong for 2009 and most of 2010, slowed significantly beginning in the fourth quarter of 2010. Businesses appear to be holding off investing in new equipment or any other type of financing and are paying down their lines with excess cash. Despite the lack of demand QNB is committed to make credit available to its customers.

Average total commercial loans increased $8,735,000 when comparing the first three months of 2012 to the first three months of 2011. Most of the 2.3% growth in average commercial loans was in commercial and industrial loans, which increased $11,509,000, or 13.4%, to $97,275,000. Commercial and industrial loans represent commercial purpose loans that are either secured by collateral other than real estate or unsecured. Many of these loans are for operating lines of credit. Average loans secured by real estate, either commercial or residential properties decreased $5,575,000, or 2.1%, when comparing the average balances for the three month periods while average tax-exempt loans to state and municipal organizations increased $2,801,000, or 8.7%, over the same time period.

Average home equity loans continue to decline with average balances decreasing from $56,903,000 for the first quarter of 2011 to $51,836,000 for the first three months of 2012. With the decline in mortgage interest rates that took place, customers have paid down their home equity loans when they refinance their first mortgage. The other impact of the low interest rate environment is movement from fixed rate home equity loans to floating rate lines tied to the  prime rate.

Total investment securities were $350,955,000 at March 31, 2012 and $348,091,000 at December 31, 2011. The composition of the portfolio is little changed since December 31, 2011.

Collateralized debt obligations (CDO) are securities derived from the packaging of various assets with many backed by subprime mortgages. These instruments are complex and difficult to value. QNB did a review of its mortgage related securities and concluded that it has minimal exposure to subprime mortgages within its U.S. government sponsored agency (GNMA, FHLMC and FNMA) mortgage-backed and CMO investment portfolios. QNB does not own any non-agency mortgage security or CDO backed by subprime mortgages.
 
 
 
-62-

 

QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
FINANCIAL CONDITION ANALYSIS (continued)

QNB does own CDOs in the form of pooled trust preferred securities. These securities are comprised mainly of securities issued by banks or bank holding companies, and to a lesser degree, insurance companies. QNB owns the mezzanine tranches of these securities. These securities are structured so that the senior and mezzanine tranches are protected from defaults by over-collateralization and cash flow default protection provided by subordinated tranches. QNB holds eight of these securities with an amortized cost of $3,640,000 and a fair value of $2,054,000 at March 31, 2012. There was no credit-related other-than-temporary impairment charge in the first quarter of 2012 or 2011. It is possible that future calculations could require recording additional other-than-temporary impairment charges through earnings. For additional detail on these securities see Note 7 Investment Securities and Note 9 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.

For the most part, earning assets are funded by deposits. Total average deposits increased $57,071,000, or 8.2%, to $753,948,000 for the first three months of 2012 compared to the first three months of 2011. Customers are continuing to look for the safety of FDIC insured deposits and the stability of a strong local community bank as opposed to the volatility of the equity markets and the uncertainty of the larger regional and national banks.

Most of the increase in average deposits was in savings accounts which increased $40,334,000, or 29.5%, to $177,031,000 for the first quarter of 2012. The growth in savings accounts is largely due to the success of QNB’s newest deposit product, Online eSavings. Average non-interest bearing demand accounts increased $3,250,000, or 5.4%, when comparing the three month periods with growth in personal accounts being the primary contributor. Average interest-bearing demand and municipal accounts increased $8,469,000, or 9.7%, and $14,485,000, or 36.3%, respectively, when comparing the first three months of 2012 and 2011. Business accounts are the primary factor behind the growth of the interest-bearing demand accounts while the growth in relationships with a couple of school districts contributed to the increase in municipal balances. Total average time deposits decreased $14,017,000, or 4.7%, when comparing the two quarters as customers were looking for the liquidity of transaction accounts including the eSavings product.

Total assets at March 31, 2012 were $882,940,000 compared with $868,804,000 at December 31, 2011, an increase of $14,136,000, or 1.6%. Interest-bearing deposits in banks increased $21,202,000 when comparing December 31, 2011 to March 31, 2012. This increase was planned to have adequate cash on hand to pay off $15,000,000 of long-term debt at maturity in April 2012. Total loans decreased $10,462,000, or 2.1%, to $479,474,000 at March 31, 2012. As discussed previously the demand for loans by businesses and consumers has slowed dramatically.

On the liability side, total deposits increased by $14,056,000, or 1.9%, since year-end. Similar to prior periods, the growth was centered in lower-cost core deposits, including savings accounts which increased $17,540,000, or 10.5%, to $185,173,000. The increase in savings accounts was almost entirely in the Online eSavings product whose balances increased from $117,871,000 at December 31, 2011 to $136,359,000 at March 31, 2012. The rate on this account was reduced from 1.00% to 0.90% on February 1, 2012. Money market accounts decreased $4,324,000, or 5.4%, from $79,856,000 at December 31, 2011 to $75,532,000 at March 31, 2012. The decrease was in business accounts which decreased by $6,023,000. These deposits can be volatile depending on the timing of deposits and withdrawals. Time deposits increased only $265,000, or 0.1%, from $285,024,000 at December 31, 2011 to $285,289,000 at March 31, 2012 as customers continue to look for liquidity in anticipation of rising interest rates.

Short-term borrowings declined $1,672,000 from $24,021,000 at December 31, 2011 to $22,349,000 at March 31, 2012. The majority of these balances are commercial sweep accounts which are also volatile based on businesses receipt and disbursement of funds.

Long-term debt was $20,295,000 at March 31, 2012. In April 2012, at maturity, $15,000,000 of repurchase agreements at a weighted average rate of 4.75% will be repaid.
 
 
-63-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
LIQUIDITY

Liquidity represents an institution’s ability to generate cash or otherwise obtain funds at reasonable rates to satisfy demand for loans and deposit withdrawals. QNB attempts to manage its mix of cash and interest-bearing balances, Federal funds sold and investment securities in an attempt to match the volatility, seasonality, interest sensitivity and growth trends of its loans and deposits. The Company manages its liquidity risk by measuring and monitoring its liquidity sources and estimated funding needs. Liquidity is provided from asset sources through maturities and repayments of loans and investment securities. The portfolio of investment securities classified as available-for-sale and QNB's policy of selling certain residential mortgage originations in the secondary market also provide sources of liquidity. Core deposits and cash management repurchase agreements have historically been the most significant funding source for QNB. These deposits and repurchase agreements are generated from a base of consumers, businesses and public funds primarily located in the Company’s market area.

Additional sources of liquidity are provided by the Bank’s membership in the FHLB. At March 31, 2012, the Bank had a maximum borrowing capacity with the FHLB of approximately $182,419,000. The maximum borrowing capacity changes as a function of qualifying collateral assets. QNB has no outstanding borrowings with the FHLB at March 31, 2012. In addition, the Bank maintains two unsecured Federal funds lines with two correspondent banks totaling $18,000,000. At March 31, 2012, there were no outstanding borrowings under these lines. Future availability under these lines is subject to the policies of the granting banks and may be withdrawn. As part of its contingency funding plan QNB successfully tested its ability to borrow from these sources during the third quarter of 2011.

Total cash and cash equivalents, available-for-sale investment securities and loans held-for-sale totaled $383,355,000 and $359,581,000 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. The increase in liquid sources is primarily the result of a $21,202,000 increase in interest-bearing cash at the Federal Reserve Bank as of March 31, 2012. This source of liquidity was primarily funded from an increase in total deposits and a reduction in total loans. The sources and level of liquidity maintained should be adequate to meet normal fluctuations in loan demand or deposit withdrawals. With the current low interest rate environment, it is anticipated that the investment portfolio will continue to provide significant liquidity as agency and municipal bonds are called and as cash flow on mortgage-backed and CMO securities continues to be steady. In the event that interest rates would increase the cash flow available from the investment portfolio could decrease.

Approximately $135,391,000 and $158,189,000 of available-for-sale securities at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, were pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements and deposits of public funds.

As an additional source of liquidity, QNB is a member of the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS) program offered by the Promontory Interfinancial Network, LLC. CDARS is a funding and liquidity management tool used by banks to access funds and manage their balance sheet. It enables financial institutions to provide customers with full FDIC insurance on time deposits over $250,000 that are placed in the program. During the third quarter of 2011, QNB began offering Insured Cash Sweep (ICS), a product similar to CDARS, but one that provides liquidity like a money market or savings account.
 
CAPITAL ADEQUACY

A strong capital position is fundamental to support continued growth and profitability and to serve the needs of depositors. QNB's shareholders' equity at March 31, 2012 was $72,542,000, or 8.22% of total assets, compared to shareholders' equity of $70,841,000, or 8.15% of total assets, at December 31, 2011. Shareholders’ equity at March 31, 2012  and December 31, 2011 included a positive adjustment of $4,473,000 and $4,665,000, respectively, related to unrealized holding gains, net of taxes, on investment securities available-for-sale. Without these adjustments, shareholders' equity to total assets would have been 7.75% and 7.66% at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.
 
 
-64-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
CAPITAL ADEQUACY (continued)

Average shareholders' equity and average total assets were $67,590,000 and $865,892,000 for the first three months of 2012, an increase of 6.5% and 3.0%, respectively, from the averages for the year ended December 31, 2011. The ratio of average total equity to average total assets was 7.81% for the first three months of 2012 compared to 7.55% for all of 2011.

QNB is subject to various regulatory capital requirements as issued by Federal regulatory authorities. Regulatory capital is defined in terms of Tier I capital (shareholders’ equity excluding unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale debt securities and disallowed intangible assets), Tier II capital, which includes the allowable portion of the allowance for loan losses which is limited to 1.25% of risk-weighted assets and a portion of the unrealized gains on equity securities, and total capital (Tier I plus Tier II). Risk-based capital ratios are expressed as a percentage of risk-weighted assets. Risk-weighted assets are determined by assigning various weights to all assets and off-balance sheet arrangements, such as letters of credit
and loan commitments, based on associated risk. Regulators have also adopted minimum Tier I leverage ratio standards, which measure the ratio of Tier I capital to total quarterly average assets.

The following table sets forth consolidated information for QNB Corp.:
 
Capital Analysis
 
March 31, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
Tier I
           
Shareholder's equity
  $ 72,542     $ 70,841  
Net unrealized securities gains
    (4,473 )     (4,665 )
Total Tier I risk-based capital
  $ 68,069     $ 66,176  
                 
Tier II
               
Allowable portion: Allowance for loan losses
  $ 7,226     $ 7,270  
Unrealized gains on equity securities
    218       248  
Total risk-based capital
  $ 75,513     $ 73,694  
Risk-weighted assets
  $ 575,883     $ 579,633  
Average assets
  $ 865,892     $ 870,133  
                 
                 
Capital Ratios
 
March 31, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
Tier I capital/risk-weighted assets
    11.82 %     11.42 %
Total risk-based capital/risk-weighted assets
    13.11 %     12.71 %
Tier I capital/average assets (leverage ratio)
    7.86 %     7.61 %
 
The minimum regulatory capital ratios are 4.00% for Tier I, 8.00% for the total risk-based capital and 4.00% for leverage. All capital ratios have improved from December 31, 2011 as the Tier I and total risk based capital levels have increased while the risk-weighted assets and quarterly average assets have declined since year end.

During the first quarter of 2010, QNB began offering a Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (the “Plan”) to provide participants a convenient and economical method for investing cash dividends paid on the Company’s common stock in additional shares at a discount. The Plan also allows participants to make additional cash purchases of stock at a discount. Stock purchases under the Plan contributed $196,000 to capital during first three months of 2012.

The Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to 100,000 shares of its common stock in open market or privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase authorization does not bear a termination date. As of March 31, 2012, 57,883 shares were repurchased under this authorization at an average price of $16.97 and a total cost of $982,000. There were no shares repurchased under the plan since the first quarter of 2009.
 
 
-65-

 
 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
CAPITAL ADEQUACY (continued)

Continuing to impact risk-weighted assets is the $26,230,000 of risk-weighted assets due to mezzanine tranches of pooled trust preferred securities that were downgraded below investment grade during the first quarter of 2009. Although the amortized cost of these securities was only $3,640,000 at March 31, 2012, regulatory guidance required an additional $26,230,000 to be included in risk-weighted assets. The Bank utilized the method as outlined in the Call Report Instructions for an available-for-sale bond that has not triggered the Low Level Exposure (LLE) rule. The mezzanine tranches of CDOs that utilized this method of risk-weighting are five out of eight pooled trust preferred securities (PreTSLs) held by the Bank as of March 31, 2012. The other three pooled trust preferred securities have only one tranche remaining so the treatment noted above does not apply.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 established five capital level designations ranging from "well capitalized" to "critically undercapitalized." At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, management believes that the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject and have met the "well capitalized" criteria which requires minimum Tier I and total risk-based capital ratios of 6.00% and 10.00%, respectively, and a leverage ratio of 5.00%.

 
 
-66-

 
 
 
ITEM 3.       QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK.

The information required in response to this item is set forth in Item 2, above.


ITEM 4.        CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We maintain a system of controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance as to the reliability of the consolidated financial statements and other disclosures included in this report, as well as to safeguard assets from unauthorized use or disposition. We evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. No changes were made to our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
 
-67-

 


 
QNB CORP. AND SUBSIDIARY

PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

MARCH 31, 2012

Item 1.          Legal Proceedings
 
None.


Item 1A.       Risk Factors
 
There were no material changes to the Risk Factors described in Item 1A in QNB’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2011.
 
 
Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
Period
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased
   
Average Price Paid per Share
   
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plan
   
Maximum Number of Shares that may yet be Purchased Under the Plan
 
                         
January 1, 2012 through January 31, 2012
    -       -       -       42,117  
February 1, 2012 through February 29, 2012
    -       -       -       42,117  
March 1, 2012 through March 31, 2012
    -       -       -       42,117  
Total
    -       -       -       42,117  
 
(1)   Transactions are reported as of settlement dates.
(2)   QNB’s current stock repurchase plan was approved by its Board of Directors and announced on January 24, 2008 and subsequently increased on February 9, 2009.   
(3)   The total number of shares approved for repurchase under QNB’s current stock repurchase plan is 100,000.
(4)   QNB’s current stock repurchase plan has no expiration date.
(5)   QNB has no stock repurchase plan that it has determined to terminate or under which it does not intend to make further purchases.
 
Item 3.          Default Upon Senior Securities
 
None.
 
 
Item 4.          Mine Safety Disclosures
 
None.
 
 
Item 5.          Other Information
 
None.
 
 
-68-

 
 
Item 6.          Exhibits
 
Exhibit 3(i)   Articles of Incorporation of Registrant, as amended. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) of Registrants Form DEF 14-A filed with the Commission on April 15, 2005).  
     
Exhibit 3(ii)   Bylaws of Registrant, as amended. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) of Registrants Form 8-K filed with the Commission on January 23, 2006). 
     
Exhibit 11   Statement Re: Computation of Earnings Per Share. (Included in Part I, Item I, hereof.)
     
Exhibit 31.1   Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer  
     
Exhibit 31.2   Section 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer 
     
Exhibit 32.1   Section 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer 
     
Exhibit 32.2   Section 906 Certification of Chief Financial Officer 
     
The following Exhibits are being furnished* as part of this report:
     
No.
 
Description
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document.*
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.*
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.*
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.*
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.*
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document.*
     
 
 
*
These interactive data files are being furnished as part of this Quarterly Report, and, in accordance with Rule 402 of Regulation S-T, shall not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to liability under those sections.
 
 
 
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SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 
QNB Corp.
 
       
Date:       May 14, 2012
By:
/s/ Thomas J. Bisko  
   
Thomas J. Bisko
 
   
Chief Executive Officer
 
       
 


Date:       May 14, 2012
By:
/s/ Bret H. Krevolin  
   
Bret H. Krevolin
 
   
Chief Financial Officer
 
       
 

 
 
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