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QUAKER CHEMICAL CORP - Quarter Report: 2021 March (Form 10-Q)

KWR 2021 Q1 10-Q IXBRL
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
 
 
 
 
 
 
FORM
10-Q
 
 
 
 
 
 
QUARTERLY
 
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION
 
13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
 
OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended
March 31, 2021
 
OR
 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO
 
SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
 
ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from
 
to
 
Commission file number
001-12019
 
 
 
 
 
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pennsylvania
 
23-0993790
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
901 E. Hector Street
,
Conshohocken
,
Pennsylvania
 
19428 – 2380
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
610
-
832-4000
 
Not Applicable
Former name, former address and former fiscal year,
 
if changed since last report.
 
 
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
 
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1 par value
KWR
New York Stock Exchange
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
 
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
 
Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required
 
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
 
for the past 90
days.
 
Yes
 
 
No
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically
 
every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405
 
of Regulation S-T
(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter
 
period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
 
Yes
 
 
No
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging
growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,”
 
“smaller reporting company,”
 
and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2
 
of
the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer
 
Accelerated filer
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period
 
for complying with any new or revised
financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange
 
Act.
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined
 
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
 
Yes
 
 
No
 
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common
 
stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Number of Shares of Common Stock
Outstanding on April 30, 2021
 
17,873,331
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2
PART
 
I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
 
Financial Statements (Unaudited).
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
Unaudited
Three Months Ended March 31,
2021
2020
Net sales
$
429,783
$
378,561
Cost of goods sold (excluding amortization expense -
 
See Note 14)
 
273,589
 
244,710
 
Gross profit
 
156,194
 
133,851
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
104,310
 
98,701
Indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment
38,000
Restructuring and related charges
1,175
1,716
Combination, integration and other acquisition-related
 
expenses
5,815
7,878
 
Operating income (loss)
 
44,894
 
(12,444)
Other income (expense), net
 
4,687
 
(21,175)
Interest expense, net
 
(5,470)
 
(8,461)
 
Income (loss) before taxes and equity in net income of associated companies
 
44,111
 
(42,080)
Taxes on income
 
(loss) before equity in net income of associated companies
 
10,689
 
(13,070)
 
Income (loss) before equity in net income of associated companies
 
33,422
 
(29,010)
Equity in net income of associated companies
 
5,210
 
666
 
Net income (loss)
 
38,632
(28,344)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
17
37
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation
$
38,615
$
(28,381)
Earnings per common share data:
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation
 
common
shareholders – basic
$
2.16
$
(1.60)
Net income (loss) attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation
 
common
 
shareholders – diluted
$
2.15
$
(1.60)
Dividends declared
$
0.395
$
0.385
 
The accompanying notes are an integral
 
part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive
 
Income
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
Unaudited
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2021
2020
Net income (loss)
$
38,632
$
(28,344)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
Currency translation adjustments
(25,461)
(54,751)
Defined benefit retirement plans
1,292
16,957
Current period change in fair value of derivatives
562
(3,981)
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities
(3,025)
(1,711)
Other comprehensive loss
(26,632)
(43,486)
 
Comprehensive income (loss)
12,000
(71,830)
Less: Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling
 
interest
(15)
95
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation
$
11,985
$
(71,735)
 
The accompanying notes are an integral
 
part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands, except par value and share amounts)
 
 
 
Unaudited
March 31,
 
December 31,
2021
2020
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
163,455
$
181,833
Accounts receivable, net
 
411,523
 
372,974
Inventories
Raw materials and supplies
97,631
86,148
Work-in-process
 
and finished goods
110,147
101,616
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
48,285
 
50,156
Total current
 
assets
 
831,041
 
792,727
Property, plant and
 
equipment, at cost
416,514
423,253
Less accumulated depreciation
(220,724)
(219,370)
Property, plant and
 
equipment, net
 
195,790
 
203,883
Right of use lease assets
38,027
38,507
Goodwill
 
627,574
 
631,212
Other intangible assets, net
 
1,075,343
 
1,081,358
Investments in associated companies
 
96,213
 
95,785
Deferred tax assets
 
17,057
 
16,566
Other non-current assets
 
31,906
 
31,796
Total assets
$
2,912,951
$
2,891,834
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt
$
43,330
$
38,967
Accounts and other payables
 
214,015
 
198,872
Accrued compensation
 
29,091
 
43,300
Accrued restructuring
5,970
8,248
Other current liabilities
 
104,029
 
93,573
Total current
 
liabilities
 
396,435
 
382,960
Long-term debt
 
859,433
 
849,068
Long-term lease liabilities
27,050
27,070
Deferred tax liabilities
 
186,031
 
192,763
Other non-current liabilities
 
114,549
 
119,059
Total liabilities
 
1,583,498
 
1,570,920
Commitments and contingencies (Note 19)
Equity
 
 
Common stock, $
1
 
par value; authorized
30,000,000
 
shares; issued and
 
 
outstanding 2021 –
17,875,076
 
shares; 2020 –
17,850,616
 
shares
17,875
17,851
Capital in excess of par value
 
908,748
 
905,171
Retained earnings
 
455,493
 
423,940
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(53,228)
 
(26,598)
Total Quaker
 
shareholders’ equity
 
1,328,888
 
1,320,364
Noncontrolling interest
 
565
550
Total equity
1,329,453
1,320,914
Total liabilities and
 
equity
$
2,912,951
$
2,891,834
 
The accompanying notes are an integral
 
part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Unaudited
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2021
2020
Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
38,632
$
(28,344)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used
 
in) provided by operating
activities:
 
 
Amortization of debt issuance costs
1,187
1,187
Depreciation and amortization
 
22,145
 
21,197
Equity in undistributed earnings of associated companies,
 
net of dividends
 
(5,105)
 
4,285
Acquisition-related fair value adjustments related to inventory
801
Deferred compensation, deferred taxes and other,
 
net
(9,888)
(22,988)
Share-based compensation
 
3,779
 
4,682
Gain on disposal of property,
 
plant, equipment and other assets
 
(5,410)
 
(2)
Insurance settlement realized
 
 
(229)
Indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment
38,000
Combination and other acquisition-related expenses, net
 
of payments
(2,884)
(519)
Restructuring and related charges
1,175
1,716
Pension and other postretirement benefits
 
(1,034)
 
22,453
(Decrease) increase in cash from changes in current assets and
 
current
 
 
liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable
 
(46,270)
 
2,322
Inventories
 
(24,994)
 
(10,162)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 
(8,315)
 
(3,263)
Change in restructuring liabilities
(3,034)
(4,841)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
 
26,597
 
(5,275)
 
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
 
(12,618)
 
20,219
Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
Investments in property,
 
plant and equipment
 
(3,934)
 
(4,892)
Payments related to acquisitions, net of cash acquired
 
(26,655)
 
(3,160)
Proceeds from disposition of assets
14,744
Insurance settlement interest earned
 
 
31
 
Net cash used in investing activities
 
(15,845)
 
(8,021)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
Payments of long-term debt
 
(9,551)
 
(9,371)
Borrowings on revolving credit facilities, net
30,000
205,500
Repayments on other debt, net
(188)
(185)
Dividends paid
 
(7,052)
 
(6,828)
Stock options exercised, other
 
(178)
 
(696)
Purchase of noncontrolling interest in affiliates
(1,047)
Distributions to noncontrolling affiliate shareholders
(751)
 
Net cash provided by financing activities
 
13,031
 
186,622
 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on
 
cash
 
(3,008)
 
(6,424)
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted
 
cash
 
(18,440)
 
192,396
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning
 
of the period
 
181,895
 
143,555
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of
 
the period
$
163,455
$
335,951
 
The accompanying notes are an integral
 
part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
6
Note 1 – Basis of Presentation and Description of Business
 
Basis of Presentation
As used in these Notes to Condensed Consolidated
 
Financial Statements, the terms “Quaker”, “Quaker Houghton”,
 
the
“Company”, “we”, and “our” refer to Quaker Chemical
 
Corporation (doing business as Quaker Houghton), its subsidiaries, and
associated companies, unless the context otherwise requires.
 
As used in these Notes to Condensed Consolidated
 
Financial Statements,
the term Legacy Quaker refers to the Company prior
 
to the closing of its combination with Houghton International,
 
Inc. (“Houghton”)
(herein referred to as the “Combination”).
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein
 
are unaudited and have
been prepared in accordance with generally accepted
 
accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for
 
interim financial
reporting and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission
 
(“SEC”) regulations.
 
Certain information and footnote
disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared
 
in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or
 
omitted
pursuant to such rules and regulations.
 
In the opinion of management, the financial statements reflect all
 
adjustments which are
necessary for a fair statement of the financial position,
 
results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods.
 
The results for the
three months ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily
 
indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
 
These financial
statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s
 
Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for the year
 
ended December 31,
2020 (the “2020 Form 10-K”).
 
Description of Business
The Company was organized in 1918, incorporated
 
as a Pennsylvania business corporation in 1930, and in August
 
2019
completed the Combination with Houghton to form
 
Quaker Houghton.
 
Quaker Houghton is a global leader in industrial process
fluids.
 
With a presence around the world,
 
including operations in over
25
 
countries, the Company’s customers
 
include thousands of
the world’s most advanced
 
and specialized steel, aluminum, automotive, aerospace,
 
offshore, can, mining, and metalworking
companies.
 
Quaker Houghton develops, produces, and markets a broad range
 
of formulated chemical specialty products and offers
chemical management services (which the Company refers
 
to as “Fluidcare”) for various heavy industrial and manufacturing
applications throughout its
four
 
segments: Americas; Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”);
 
Asia/Pacific; and Global Specialty
Businesses.
Hyper-inflationary economies
 
Based on various indices or index compilations being
 
used to monitor inflation in Argentina as well as economic
 
instability,
effective July 1, 2018, Argentina’s
 
economy was considered hyper-inflationary under U.S.
 
GAAP.
 
As a result, the Company began
applying hyper-inflationary accounting with respect
 
to the Company's wholly owned Argentine
 
subsidiary beginning July 1, 2018.
 
In
addition, Houghton has an Argentina
 
subsidiary to which hyper-inflationary accounting also is applied.
 
As of, and for the three
months ended March 31, 2021, the Company's Argentine
 
subsidiaries represented less than
1
% of the Company’s consolidated
 
total
assets and net sales, respectively.
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020,
 
the Company recorded $
0.2
 
million and
$
0.1
 
million, respectively, of
 
remeasurement losses associated with the applicable currency conversions
 
related to Argentina.
 
These
losses were recorded within foreign exchange (losses) gains,
 
net, which is a component of other income (expense),
 
net, in the
Company’s Condensed
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations.
COVID-19
Management continues to monitor the impact that the COVID-19
 
pandemic is having on the Company,
 
the overall specialty
chemical industry,
 
and the economies and markets in which the Company operates.
 
The full extent of the COVID-19 pandemic
related business and travel restrictions and changes to
 
business and consumer behavior intended to reduce its spread are
 
uncertain as of
the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
 
period ended March 31, 2021 (the “Report”) as COVID-19
 
and the responses
of governmental authorities continue to evolve globally.
Further, management continues to
 
evaluate how COVID-19-related circumstances, such as remote
 
work arrangements, affect
financial reporting processes, internal control over financial
 
reporting, and disclosure controls and procedures.
 
While the
circumstances have presented and are expected to continue
 
to present challenges, at this time, Management does not believe that
COVID-19 has had a material impact on financial reporting
 
processes, internal control over financial reporting,
 
and disclosure
controls and procedures.
The Company cannot reasonably estimate the magnitude
 
of the effects these conditions will have on the Company’s
 
operations in
the future as they are subject to significant uncertainties
 
relating to the ultimate geographic spread of the virus,
 
the incidence and
severity of the symptoms, the duration or resurgence
 
of the outbreak, the global availability and acceptance of vaccines
 
as well as their
efficacy,
 
the length of the travel restrictions and business
 
closures imposed by governments of impacted countries,
 
and the economic
response by governments of impacted countries.
To the extent
 
that the Company’s customers and
 
suppliers continue to be significantly and adversely impacted by
 
COVID-19, this
could reduce the availability,
 
or result in delays, of materials or supplies to or from
 
the Company, which in
 
turn could significantly
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
7
interrupt the Company’s
 
business operations.
 
Such impacts could grow and become more significant to the
 
Company’s operations
and the Company’s liquidity
 
or financial position.
 
Therefore, given the speed and frequency of continuously
 
evolving developments
with respect to this pandemic, the Company cannot reasonably
 
estimate the magnitude or the full extent to which COVID-19
 
may
impact the Company’s results
 
of operations, liquidity or financial position.
Note 2 – Business Acquisitions
2021 Acquisitions
In February 2021, the Company acquired a tin-plating
 
solutions business for the steel end market for approximately $
25
 
million.
 
The Company allocated $
19.6
 
million of the purchase price to intangible assets, comprised
 
of $
18.3
 
million of customer relationships,
to be amortized over
19
 
years; $
0.9
 
million of existing product technology to be amortized over
14
 
years; and $
0.4
 
million of a
licensed trademark to be amortized over
3
 
years.
 
In addition, the Company recorded $
5.0
 
million of goodwill related to expected
value not allocated to other acquired assets, all of which
 
is expected to be tax deductible.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the allocation of the
purchase price has not been finalized and the
one-year
 
measurement period has not ended.
 
Further adjustments may be necessary as a
result of the Company’s
 
on-going assessment of additional information related to the fair value
 
of assets acquired and liabilities
assumed.
Additionally, in
 
February 2021, the Company acquired a
38
% ownership interest in Grindaix-GmbH (“Grindaix”),
 
a privately
held, German-based, high-tech provider of coolant control
 
and delivery systems for approximately
1.4
 
million EUR or approximately
$
1.7
 
million.
 
Grindaix's solutions apply to a wide range of machining processes,
 
including grinding applications in the metalworking
sector.
 
The Company recorded the investment in Grindaix as an equity
 
method investment within the Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements.
The results of operations of the acquired businesses subsequent
 
to the respective acquisition dates are included in
 
the Condensed
Consolidated Statements of Operations as of March
 
31, 2021.
 
Transaction expenses associated with these
 
acquisitions are included in
Combination, integration and other acquisition-related
 
expenses in the Company’s Condensed
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
Certain pro forma and other information is not presented,
 
as the operations of the acquired businesses are not considered material to
the overall operations of the Company for the periods presented.
 
Previous Acquisitions
In December 2020,
 
the Company completed its acquisition of Coral Chemical Company
 
(“Coral”), a privately held, U.S.-based
provider of metal finishing fluid solutions.
 
The acquisition provides technical expertise and product solutions
 
for pre-treatment,
metalworking and wastewater treatment applications
 
to the beverage cans and general industrial end markets.
 
The original purchase
price was approximately $
54.1
 
million, subject to routine and customary post-closing adjustments related
 
to working capital and net
indebtedness levels.
 
The Company anticipates finalizing its post-closing adjustments
 
for the Coral acquisition in the second quarter of
2021 and currently estimates it will receive approximately
 
$
0.4
 
million to settle such adjustments.
The following table presents the preliminary estimated fair
 
values of Coral net assets acquired:
Measurement
December 22,
December 22,
Period
2020
2020 (1)
Adjustments
(as adjusted)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
958
$
$
958
Accounts receivable
8,473
8,473
Inventories
4,527
4,527
Prepaid expenses and other assets
181
181
Property, plant and
 
equipment
10,467
652
11,119
Intangible assets
30,300
(500)
29,800
Goodwill
2,814
53
2,867
Total assets purchased
57,720
205
57,925
Long-term debt including current portions and finance leases
183
556
739
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other accrued
 
liabilities
3,482
3,482
Total liabilities assumed
3,665
556
4,221
Total consideration
 
paid for Coral
54,055
(351)
53,704
Less: estimated purchase price settlement
(351)
(351)
Less: cash acquired
958
958
Net cash paid for Coral
$
53,097
$
$
53,097
(1) As previously disclosed in the Company’s
 
2020 Form 10-K.
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
8
Measurement period adjustments recorded during the first
 
quarter of 2021 include certain adjustments related to refining
 
original
estimates for assets and liabilities for certain acquired
 
finance leases, as well the adjustment to reflect the expected
 
settlement of post-
closing working capital and net indebtedness true ups to
 
the original purchase price.
 
As of March 31, 2021,
 
the allocation of the
purchase price for Coral has not been finalized and the
one-year
 
measurement period has not ended.
 
Further adjustments may be
necessary as a result of the Company’s
 
on-going assessment of additional information related to the
 
fair value of assets acquired and
liabilities assumed.
 
In May 2020, the Company acquired Tel
 
Nordic ApS (“TEL”), a company that specializes in lubricants and engineering
 
primarily
in high pressure aluminum die casting for its Europe,
 
Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) reportable segment.
 
Consideration
 
paid was
in the form of a convertible promissory note in the amount
 
of
20.0
 
million DKK, or approximately $
2.9
 
million, which was
subsequently converted into shares of the Company’s
 
common stock.
 
An adjustment to the purchase price of approximately
0.4
million DKK, or less than $
0.1
 
million, was made as a result of finalizing a post-closing
 
settlement in the second quarter of 2020.
 
The
Company allocated approximately $
2.4
 
million of the purchase price to intangible assets to be amortized
 
over
17
 
years.
 
In addition,
the Company recorded approximately $
0.5
 
million of goodwill, related to expected value not allocated to
 
other acquired assets, none
of which will be tax deductible.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the allocation of the purchase price
 
of TEL has not been finalized and the
one-
 
measurement period has not ended.
 
Further adjustments may be necessary as a result of the Company’s
 
on-going assessment of
additional information related to the fair value of assets acquired
 
and liabilities assumed.
In March 2020, the Company acquired the remaining
49
% ownership interest in one of its South African affiliates,
 
Quaker
Chemical South Africa Limited (“QSA”) for
16.7
 
million ZAR, or approximately $
1.0
 
million, from its joint venture partner PQ
Holdings South Africa.
 
QSA is a part of the Company’s
 
Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) reportable segment.
 
As this
acquisition was a change in an existing controlling ownership,
 
the Company recorded $
0.7
 
million of excess purchase price over the
carrying value of the non-controlling interest in Capital
 
in excess of par value.
 
In October 2019, the Company completed its acquisition
 
of the operating divisions of Norman Hay plc (“Norman
 
Hay”), a private
U.K. company that provides specialty chemicals, operating
 
equipment, and services to industrial end markets.
 
The acquisition adds
new technologies in automotive, original equipment
 
manufacturer, and aerospace, as well as engineering
 
expertise which is expected
to strengthen the Company’s
 
existing equipment solutions platform.
 
The original purchase price was
80.0
 
million GBP,
 
on a cash-free
and debt-free basis, subject to routine and customary
 
post-closing adjustments related to working capital and
 
net indebtedness levels.
 
The Company finalized its post-closing adjustments for the
 
Norman Hay acquisition and paid approximately
2.5
 
million GBP during
the first quarter of 2020 to settle such adjustments.
 
Note 3 – Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
 
Adopted
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”)
 
issued Account Standards Update (“ASU”)
 
ASU 2019-12
, Income Taxes
(Topic
 
740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes
 
in December 2019 to simplify the accounting for income taxes.
 
The
guidance within this accounting standard update
 
removes certain exceptions, including the exception to the
 
incremental approach for
certain intra-period tax allocations, to the requirement
 
to recognize or not recognize certain deferred tax liabilities for
 
equity method
investments and foreign subsidiaries, and to the general
 
methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period
 
when a year-to-
date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year.
 
Further, the guidance simplifies the accounting
 
related to franchise taxes, the step
up in tax basis for goodwill, current and deferred tax
 
expense, and codification improvements for income taxes related
 
to employee
stock ownership plans.
 
The guidance is effective for annual and interim
 
periods beginning after December 15, 2020.
 
The Company
adopted this standard on a prospective basis, effective
 
January 1, 2021.
 
There was no cumulative effect of adoption recorded
 
within
retained earnings on January 1, 2021.
The FASB issued
 
ASU 2020-04,
Reference Rate Reform (To
 
pic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference
 
Rate Reform on
Financial Reporting
 
in March 2020.
 
The FASB subsequently
 
issued ASU 2021-01,
Reference Rate Reform (Topic
 
848): Scope
 
in
January 2021 which clarified the guidance but did
 
not materially change the guidance or its applicability to
 
the Company.
 
The
amendments provide temporary optional expedients and
 
exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contract modifications,
 
hedging
relationships and other transactions to ease the potential
 
accounting and financial reporting burden associated with transitioning
 
away
from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued,
 
including the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”).
 
ASU 2020-04 is
effective for the Company as of March 12,
 
2020 and generally can be applied through December 31, 2022.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the
expedients provided in ASU 2020-04 do not presently
 
impact the Company; however, the Company
 
will continue to monitor for
potential impacts on its consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
9
Note 4 – Business Segments
The Company’s operating
 
segments, which are consistent with its reportable segments,
 
reflect the structure of the Company’s
internal organization, the method by which
 
the Company’s resources are allocated
 
and the manner by which the chief operating
decision maker assesses the Company’s
 
performance.
 
The Company has
four
 
reportable segments: (i) Americas; (ii) EMEA; (iii)
Asia/Pacific; and (iv) Global Specialty Businesses.
 
The three geographic segments are composed of the net
 
sales and operations in
each respective region, excluding net sales and operations
 
managed globally by the Global Specialty Businesses segment, which
includes the Company’s
 
container, metal finishing, mining,
 
offshore, specialty coatings, specialty grease and
 
Norman Hay businesses.
Segment operating earnings for each of the Company’s
 
reportable segments are comprised of the segment’s
 
net sales less directly
related cost of goods sold (“COGS”) and selling, general
 
and administrative expenses (“SG&A”).
 
Operating expenses not directly
attributable to the net sales of each respective segment
 
,
 
such as certain corporate and administrative costs, Combination,
 
integration
and other acquisition-related expenses, and Restructuring
 
and related charges,
 
are not included in segment operating earnings.
 
Other
items not specifically identified with the Company’s
 
reportable segments include interest expense, net and other
 
income (expense),
net.
The following table presents information about the performance
 
of the Company’s reportable operating
 
segments for the three
months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2021
2020
Net sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
Americas
$
134,871
$
129,896
EMEA
 
119,814
 
104,839
Asia/Pacific
 
96,706
 
73,552
Global Specialty Businesses
 
78,392
 
70,274
Total
 
net sales
$
429,783
$
378,561
Segment operating earnings
Americas
$
32,234
$
29,188
EMEA
25,244
18,359
Asia/Pacific
27,478
19,541
Global Specialty Businesses
 
24,169
 
20,560
Total
 
segment operating earnings
 
109,125
 
87,648
Combination, integration and other acquisition-related
 
expenses
(5,815)
(7,878)
Restructuring and related charges
(1,175)
(1,716)
Fair value step up of acquired inventory sold
(801)
Indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment
(38,000)
Non-operating and administrative expenses
 
(40,992)
 
(38,451)
Depreciation of corporate assets and amortization
 
(15,448)
 
(14,047)
Operating income (loss)
44,894
(12,444)
Other income (expense), net
4,687
(21,175)
Interest expense, net
 
(5,470)
 
(8,461)
Income (loss) before taxes and equity in net income of
 
associated companies
$
44,111
$
(42,080)
Inter-segment revenues for the three months ended
 
March 31, 2021 and 2020 were $
3.3
 
million and $
2.9
 
million for Americas,
$
8.8
 
million and $
5.5
 
million for EMEA, $
0.1
 
million and $
0.1
 
million for Asia/Pacific and $
2.0
 
million and $
1.3
 
million for Global
Specialty Businesses, respectively.
 
However, all inter-segment transactions
 
have been eliminated from each reportable operating
segment’s net sales and
 
earnings for all periods presented in the above tables.
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
10
Note 5 – Net Sales and Revenue Recognition
Business Description
The Company develops, produces, and markets a broad
 
range of formulated chemical specialty products and offers
 
chemical
management services (“Fluidcare”) for various heavy
 
industrial and manufacturing applications throughout its four
 
segments.
 
A
significant portion of the Company’s
 
revenues are realized from the sale of process fluids and services
 
made directly to manufacturers
through its own employees and its Fluidcare programs,
 
with the balance being handled through distributors and
 
agents.
As part of the Company’s
 
Fluidcare business, certain third-party product sales to customers are
 
managed by the Company.
 
Where
the Company acts as a principal, revenues are recognized
 
on a gross reporting basis at the selling price negotiated with
 
its customers.
Where the Company acts as an agent, revenue is recognized on
 
a net reporting basis at the amount of the administrative fee earned
 
by
the Company for ordering the goods.
 
The Company transferred third-party products under arrangements recognized
 
on a net reporting
basis of $
17.8
 
million and $
12.5
 
million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020,
 
respectively.
 
As previously disclosed in the Company’s
 
2020 Form 10-K, during 2020,
 
the Company’s five largest
 
customers (each composed
of multiple subsidiaries or divisions with semiautonomous
 
purchasing authority) accounted for approximately
10
% of consolidated net
sales, with its largest customer accounting
 
for approximately
3
% of consolidated net sales.
Revenue Recognition Model
The Company applies the five-step model in the FASB’s
 
guidance, which requires the Company to: (i) identify
 
the contract with a
customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in
 
the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the
 
transaction
price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
 
(v) recognize revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance
obligation.
 
Refer to the Company’s 2020
 
Form 10-K for additional information on the Company’s
 
revenue recognition policies,
including its practical expedients and accounting policy
 
elections.
 
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
As previously disclosed in the Company’s
 
2020 Form 10-K, during 2020, the Company adopted, as required,
 
an accounting
standard update related to the accounting and disclosure
 
of credit losses effective January 1, 2020.
 
The Company recognizes an
allowance for credit losses, which represents the portion
 
of its trade accounts receivable that the Company does not expect
 
to collect
over the contractual life, considering past events
 
and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic
 
conditions.
 
The
Company’s allowance
 
for credit losses on its trade accounts receivables
 
is based on specific collectability facts and circumstances for
each outstanding receivable and customer,
 
the aging of outstanding receivables, and the associated collection
 
risk the Company
estimates for certain past due aging categories, and
 
also, the general risk to all outstanding accounts receivable based on historical
amounts determined to be uncollectible.
 
The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet
 
credit exposure related to its customers.
Contract Assets and Liabilities
The Company recognizes a contract asset or receivable
 
on its Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet when the Company
performs a service or transfers a good in advance
 
of receiving consideration.
 
A receivable is the Company’s
 
right to consideration that
is unconditional and only the passage of time is required
 
before payment of that consideration is due.
 
A contract asset is the
Company’s right to consideration
 
in exchange for goods or services that the Company has transferred
 
to a customer.
 
The Company
had no material contract assets recorded on its Condensed
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2021 or December
 
31, 2020.
A contract liability is recognized when the Company
 
receives consideration, or if it has the unconditional right
 
to receive
consideration, in advance of performance.
 
A contract liability is the Company’s
 
obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer
for which the Company has received consideration,
 
or a specified amount of consideration is due, from the customer.
 
The Company’s
contract liabilities primarily represent deferred revenue
 
recorded for customer payments received by the Company
 
prior to the
Company satisfying the associated performance obligation.
 
Deferred revenues are presented within other current liabilities
 
in the
Company’s Condensed
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 
The Company had approximately $
6.3
 
million and $
4.0
 
million of deferred
revenue as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020,
 
respectively.
 
For three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company
 
satisfied
all of the associated performance obligations and recognized
 
into revenue the advance payments received and recorded
 
as of
December 31, 2020.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
11
Disaggregated Revenue
The following tables disaggregate the Company’s
 
net sales by segment, geographic region, customer industry,
 
and timing of
revenue recognized for the three months ended March 31,
 
2021 and 2020.
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2021
Consolidated
Americas
EMEA
Asia/Pacific
Total
Customer Industries
Metals
$
46,793
$
34,274
$
49,743
 
$
130,810
Metalworking and other
88,078
85,540
46,963
220,581
134,871
119,814
96,706
351,391
Global Specialty Businesses
45,256
20,272
12,864
78,392
$
180,127
$
140,086
$
109,570
$
429,783
Timing of Revenue Recognized
Product sales at a point in time
$
171,594
$
131,162
$
106,399
 
$
409,155
Services transferred over time
8,533
8,924
3,171
20,628
$
180,127
$
140,086
$
109,570
$
429,783
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
Consolidated
Americas
EMEA
Asia/Pacific
Total
Customer Industries
Metals
$
46,673
$
29,888
$
41,589
 
$
118,150
Metalworking and other
83,223
74,951
31,963
190,137
129,896
104,839
73,552
308,287
Global Specialty Businesses
44,231
16,605
9,438
70,274
$
174,127
$
121,444
$
82,990
$
378,561
Timing of Revenue Recognized
Product sales at a point in time
$
168,802
$
118,423
$
81,156
 
$
368,381
Services transferred over time
5,325
3,021
1,834
10,180
$
174,127
$
121,444
$
82,990
$
378,561
Note 6 - Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease
 
at its inception.
 
This determination generally depends on whether the
arrangement conveys the right to control the use of an
 
identified fixed asset explicitly or implicitly for a period of
 
time in exchange for
consideration.
 
Control of an underlying asset is conveyed if the Company
 
obtains the rights to direct the use of, and obtains
substantially all of the economic benefits from the use
 
of, the underlying asset.
 
Lease expense for variable leases and short-term
leases is recognized when the obligation is incurred.
 
The Company has operating leases for certain facilities, vehicles
 
and machinery and equipment with remaining lease terms up
 
to
10
 
years.
 
In addition, the Company has certain land use leases with remaining
 
lease terms up to
94
 
years.
 
The lease term for all of the
Company’s leases includes
 
the non-cancellable period of the lease plus any additional periods
 
covered by an option to extend the lease
that the Company is reasonably certain it will exercise.
 
Operating leases are included in right of use lease assets, other current
liabilities and long-term lease liabilities on the Condensed
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet.
 
Right of use lease assets and liabilities are
recognized at each lease’s
 
commencement date based on the present value of its lease payments
 
over its respective lease term.
 
The
Company uses the stated borrowing rate for a lease when
 
readily determinable.
 
When a stated borrowing rate is not available in a
lease agreement, the Company uses its incremental borrowing
 
rate based on information available at the lease’s
 
commencement date
to determine the present value of its lease payments.
 
In determining the incremental borrowing rate used to present
 
value each of its
leases, the Company considers certain information
 
including fully secured borrowing rates readily available to the Company
 
and its
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
12
subsidiaries.
 
The Company has immaterial finance leases, which are
 
included in property, plant
 
and equipment, current portion of
long-term debt and long-term debt on the Condensed Consolidated
 
Balance Sheet.
Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line
 
basis over the lease term.
 
Operating lease expense for the three months
ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $
3.6
 
million and $
3.4
 
million, respectively.
 
Short-term lease expense was $
0.3
 
million and $
0.5
million for the three months ended March 31, 2021
 
and 2020, respectively.
 
The Company has
no
 
material variable lease costs or
sublease income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and
 
2020.
 
Cash paid for operating leases was $
3.6
 
million and $
3.4
million during the three months ended March 31, 2021
 
and 2020,
 
respectively.
 
The Company recorded new right of use lease assets
and associated lease liabilities of approximately $
3.1
 
million during the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Supplemental balance sheet information related to the Company’s
 
leases is as follows:
March 31,
December 31,
2021
2020
Right of use lease assets
$
38,027
$
38,507
Other current liabilities
10,419
10,901
Long-term lease liabilities
27,050
27,070
Total operating
 
lease liabilities
$
37,469
$
37,971
Weighted average
 
remaining lease term (years)
5.9
6.0
Weighted average
 
discount rate
4.26%
4.20%
Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of March 31,
 
2021 were as follows:
March 31,
2021
For the remainder of 2021
$
9,269
For the year ended December 31, 2022
9,042
For the year ended December 31, 2023
6,932
For the year ended December 31, 2024
5,194
For the year ended December 31, 2025
4,211
For the year ended December 31, 2026 and beyond
8,116
Total lease payments
42,764
Less: imputed interest
(5,295)
Present value of lease liabilities
$
37,469
Note 7 – Restructuring and Related Activities
The Company’s management approved a global restructuring plan (the “QH Program”) as part of its plan to realize certain cost
synergies associated with the Combination in the third quarter of 2019. The QH Program includes restructuring and associated
severance costs to reduce total headcount by approximately 400 people globally, as well as plans for the closure of certain
manufacturing and non-manufacturing facilities.
 
The exact timing and total costs associated with the QH Program
 
will depend on a
number of factors and is subject to change; however,
 
the Company currently expects reduction in headcount and
 
site closures to
continue to occur throughout 2021
 
under the QH Program and estimates that anticipated costs synergies
 
realized from the QH
Program will approximate one-times the restructuring costs
 
incurred.
 
Employee separation benefits will vary depending on local
regulations within certain foreign countries and will
 
include severance and other benefits.
 
All costs incurred to date relate to severance costs to reduce
 
headcount as well as costs to close certain facilities and are
 
recorded
in Restructuring and related charges in the
 
Company’s Condensed Statements
 
of Operations.
 
As described in Note 4 of Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, restructuring
 
and related charges are not included in
 
the Company’s calculation of
reportable segments’ measure of operating earnings
 
and therefore these costs are not reviewed by or recorded to
 
reportable segments.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
13
Activity in the Company’s
 
accrual for restructuring under the QH Program for the three months
 
ended March 31, 2021 is as
follows:
QH Program
Accrued restructuring as of December 31, 2020
$
8,248
Restructuring and related charges
1,175
Cash payments
(3,034)
Currency translation adjustments
(419)
Accrued restructuring as of March 31, 2021
$
5,970
Note 8 – Share-Based Compensation
The Company recognized the following share-based compensation
 
expense in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of
Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021
 
and 2020:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2021
2020
Stock options
$
308
$
432
Non-vested stock awards and restricted stock units
1,396
1,264
Non-elective and elective 401(k) matching contribution in
 
stock
1,553
Director stock ownership plan
203
40
Performance stock units
319
Annual incentive plan
2,946
Total share-based
 
compensation expense
$
3,779
$
4,682
Share-based compensation expense is recorded in SG&A,
 
except for $
0.3
 
million and $
0.5
 
million during the three months ended
March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively,
 
recorded within Combination, integration and other acquisition
 
-related expenses.
 
The change
in total share-based compensation expense for the three
 
months ended March 31, 2021 includes performance stock units
 
and non-
elective 401(k) matching contributions in stock but excludes annual
 
incentive plan costs as a component of share-based compensation
beginning in 2020, each described further below.
Stock Options
During the first quarter of 2021, the Company granted
 
stock options under its long-term incentive plan (“LTIP
 
”) that are subject
only to time vesting over a three-year period.
 
For the purposes of determining the fair value of stock option awards,
 
the Company
used a Black-Scholes option pricing model and the assumptions
 
set forth in the table below:
Number of options granted
23,733
Dividend yield
0.85
%
Expected volatility
37.33
%
Risk-free interest rate
0.60
%
Expected term (years)
4.0
The fair value of these options is amortized on a straight
 
-line basis over the vesting period.
 
As of March 31, 2021, unrecognized
compensation expense related to all stock options
 
granted was $
2.8
 
million, to be recognized over a weighted average remaining
period of
2.5
 
years.
Restricted Stock Awards
 
and Restricted Stock Units
During the first quarter of 2021, the Company granted
12,610
 
nonvested restricted shares and
2,791
 
nonvested restricted stock
units under its LTIP,
 
subject to time-based vesting, generally over a three-year
 
period.
 
The fair value of these grants is based on the
trading price of the Company’s
 
common stock on the date of grant.
 
The Company adjusts the grant date fair value of these awards for
expected forfeitures based on historical experience.
 
As of March 31, 2021, unrecognized compensation expense
 
related to the
nonvested restricted shares was $
6.3
 
million, to be recognized over a weighted average remaining period
 
of
2.1
 
years, and
unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested
 
restricted stock units was $
1.3
 
million, to be recognized over a weighted
average remaining period of
2.3
 
years.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
14
Performance Stock Units
During the first quarter of 2021,
 
the Company granted performance-dependent stock awards (“PSUs”) as
 
a component of its
LTIP,
 
which will be settled in a certain number of shares subject to market
 
-based and time-based vesting conditions.
 
The number of
fully vested shares that may ultimately be issued as settlement
 
for each award may range from
0
% up to
200
% of the target award,
subject to the achievement of the Company’s
 
total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to the performance
 
of the Company’s peer
group, the S&P Midcap 400 Materials group.
 
The service period required for the PSUs is three years and the
 
TSR measurement
period for the PSUs is from January 1 of the year of grant
 
through December 31 of the year prior to issuance.
 
Compensation expense for PSUs
 
is measured based on their grant date fair value and
 
is recognized on a straight-line basis over
the three-year vesting period.
 
The grant-date fair value of the PSUs granted during
 
the first quarter of 2021 was estimated using a
Monte Carlo simulation on the grant date and using the
 
following assumptions: (i) a risk-free rate of
0.29
%; (ii) an expected term of
3.0
 
years; and (iii) a three-year daily historical volatility for
 
each of the companies in the peer group, including Quaker
 
Houghton.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the Company estimates that it will issue
 
approximately
28,000
 
fully vested shares as of the applicable
settlement dates of all outstanding PSU awards, based
 
on the conditions of the PSUs and performance to date for each
 
award. As of
March 31, 2021, there was approximately $
4.8
 
million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to
 
PSUs, which the Company
expects to recognize over a weighted-average period
 
of
2.5
 
years.
Annual Incentive Plan
The Company maintains an Annual Incentive Plan
 
(“AIP”), which may be settled in cash or a certain number of
 
shares subject to
performance-based and time-based vesting conditions.
 
As of March 31, 2020, it was the Company’s
 
intention to settle the 2020 AIP
in shares, and therefore, expense associated with the AIP in 2020
 
was recorded as a component of share-based compensation expense.
In the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company determined
 
that it would settle the 2020 AIP in cash.
 
Therefore, the share-based
compensation associated with the AIP during the year
 
ended December 31, 2020 was reclassified from a component
 
of share-based
compensation expense to incentive compensation.
 
This determination and conclusion had no impact on the
 
classification of AIP
expense within the Company’s
 
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for
 
the periods as both are a component of SG&A.
 
As of March 31, 2021, it is the Company’s
 
intention to settle the 2021 AIP in cash.
 
Defined Contribution Plan
The Company has a 401(k) plan with an employer
 
match covering a majority of its U.S. employees.
 
The Company matches
50
%
of the first
6
% of compensation that is contributed to the plan, with a maximum
 
matching contribution of
3
% of compensation.
 
Additionally, the
 
plan provides for non-elective nondiscretionary contributions
 
on behalf of participants who have completed one year
of service equal to
3
% of the eligible participants’ compensation.
 
Beginning in April 2020 and continuing until April 2021, the
Company matched both non-elective and elective 401(k)
 
contributions in fully vested shares
 
of the Company’s common
 
stock rather
than cash.
 
Total Company contributions
 
were $
1.5
 
million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.
 
There were no similar
matching contributions in stock for the three months
 
ended March 31, 2020.
 
Note 9 – Pension and Other Postretirement
 
Benefits
The components of net periodic benefit cost for the
 
three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
Other
Pension Benefits
Postretirement Benefits
2021
2020
2021
2020
Service cost
$
316
$
1,174
$
1
$
2
Interest cost
1,090
1,769
11
26
Expected return on plan assets
(2,082)
(1,959)
Settlement loss
22,667
Actuarial loss amortization
855
1,047
15
Prior service (credit) cost amortization
2
(40)
Total net periodic
 
benefit cost
$
181
$
24,658
$
12
$
43
As disclosed in the Company’s
 
2020 Form 10-K, in the fourth quarter of 2018, the
 
Company began the process of terminating its
legacy Quaker non-contributory U.S. pension plan
 
(“Legacy Quaker U.S. Pension Plan”).
 
During the third quarter of 2019, the
Company received a favorable termination determination
 
letter from the Internal Revenue
 
Service (“I.R.S.”) and completed the
Legacy Quaker U.S. Pension Plan termination during the
 
first quarter of 2020.
 
In order to terminate the Legacy Quaker U.S. Pension
Plan in accordance with I.R.S. and Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
 
requirements, the Company was required to fully fund the
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
15
Legacy Quaker U.S. Pension Plan on a termination basis
 
and the amount necessary to do so was approximately $
1.8
 
million, subject to
final true up adjustments,
 
which were completed in the third quarter of 2020.
 
In addition, the Company recorded a non-cash pension
settlement charge at plan termination of
 
approximately $
22.7
 
million.
 
This settlement charge included the immediate recognition
 
into
expense of the related unrecognized losses within accumulated
 
other comprehensive (loss) income (“AOCI”) on the balance
 
sheet as
of the plan termination date.
 
Employer Contributions
The Company previously disclosed in its 2020 Form 10-K
 
that it expected to make minimum cash contributions of $
10.0
 
million
to its U.S. and foreign pension plans and approximately
 
$
0.3
 
million to its other postretirement benefit plans in 2021.
 
As of March 31,
2021, $
1.0
 
million and $
0.1
 
million of contributions have been made to the Company’s
 
U.S. and foreign pension plans and its other
postretirement benefit plans, respectively.
 
 
Note 10 – Other Income (Expense), Net
 
The components of other income (expense), net for
 
the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
2021
2020
Income from third party license fees
$
339
$
304
Foreign exchange (losses) gains, net
(1,478)
821
Gain on disposals of property,
 
plant, equipment and other assets, net
5,410
2
Non-income tax refunds and other related credits
97
1,299
Pension and postretirement benefit costs, non-service components
124
(23,525)
Other non-operating income (expense), net
195
(76)
Total other
 
income (expense), net
$
4,687
$
(21,175)
The Gain on disposals of property,
 
plant, equipment and other assets, net, during the three months
 
ended March 31, 2021,
includes the gain on the sale of certain held-for-sale
 
real property assets related to the Combination.
 
Pension and postretirement
benefit costs, non-service components during the three
 
months ended March 31, 2020 includes $
22.7
 
million related to the Legacy
Quaker U.S. Pension Plan non-cash settlement charge
 
described in Note 9 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Note 11 – Income Taxes
 
and Uncertain Income Tax
 
Positions
The Company’s effective
 
tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was an expense of
24.2
% compared to a benefit of
31.1
% for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
 
The Company’s effective
 
tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was
largely impacted by the sale of certain held-for-sale
 
real property assets related to the Combination.
 
Comparatively, the prior
 
year first
quarter effective tax rate was impacted by the
 
tax effect of certain one-time pre-tax losses as well as certain tax
 
charges and benefits in
the prior year period including those related to changes
 
in foreign tax credit valuation
 
allowances, tax law changes in a foreign
jurisdiction, and the tax impacts of the Company’s
 
termination of its Legacy Quaker U.S. Pension Plan and the
 
Houghton indefinite-
lived trademarks and tradename intangible asset impairment.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had a deferred tax liability of $5.9 million, which primarily represents the Company’s
estimate of non-U.S. taxes it will incur to repatriate certain foreign earnings to the U.S. The balance as of March 31, 2021 was $6.5
million.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the Company’s
 
cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits was $
23.5
 
million, an increase of
$
1.3
 
million from the cumulative liability accrued as of December 31, 2020.
 
The Company continues to recognize interest and penalties
 
associated with uncertain tax positions as a component of
 
taxes on
income (loss) before equity in net income of associated
 
companies in its Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
The
Company recognized an expense of less than $
0.1
 
million for interest and a benefit of less than $
0.1
 
million for penalties in its
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the
 
three months ended March 31, 2021, and recognized an expense of
 
less than
$
0.1
 
million for interest and a benefit of less than $
0.1
 
million for penalties in its Condensed Consolidated Statement of
 
Operations for
the three months ended March 31, 2020.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the Company had accrued $
3.0
 
million for cumulative interest and
$
3.6
 
million for cumulative penalties in its Condensed Consolidated Balance
 
Sheets, compared to $
3.0
 
million for cumulative interest
and $
3.9
 
million for cumulative penalties accrued at December 31, 2020.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
16
During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and
 
2020, the Company recognized decreases of $
0.3
 
million and $
0.8
 
million,
respectively, in
 
its cumulative liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits due
 
to the expiration of the applicable statutes of limitations
for certain tax years.
The Company estimates that during the year ending December
 
31, 2021 it will reduce its cumulative liability for gross
unrecognized tax benefits by approximately $
1.5
 
million due to the expiration of the statute of limitations with regard
 
to certain tax
positions.
 
This estimated reduction in the cumulative liability for unrecogniz
 
ed tax benefits does not consider any increase in liability
for unrecognized tax benefits with regard to existing tax
 
positions or any increase in cumulative liability for unrecognized
 
tax benefits
with regard to new tax positions for the year ending December
 
31, 2021.
The
 
Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. Federal income
 
tax, as well as the income tax of various state and foreign
tax jurisdictions.
 
Tax years that remain
 
subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions include Italy
 
from
2006
, Brazil from
2011
,
the Netherlands and China from
2015
, Mexico, Spain, Germany and the United Kingdom from
2016
, Canada and the U.S. from
2017
,
India from fiscal year beginning April 1, 2018 and ending
 
March 31,
2019
, and various U.S. state tax jurisdictions from
2011
.
 
As previously reported, the Italian tax authorities have assessed additional tax due from the Company’s subsidiary, Quaker Italia
S.r.l., relating to the tax years 2007 through 2015. The Company has filed for competent authority relief from these assessments under
the Mutual Agreement Procedures (“MAP”) of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development for all years except
2007. In 2020, the respective tax authorities in Italy, Spain and the Netherlands reached agreement with respect to the MAP
proceedings which the Company has accepted.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the Company has received $
1.6
 
million in refunds from the
Netherlands and Spain and expects to pay $
2.4
 
million due to Italy in the second quarter of 2021.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the
Company believes it has adequate reserves for the remaining
 
uncertain tax positions related to 2007.
Houghton Italia, S.r.l
 
is also involved in a corporate income tax audit with the Italian tax
 
authorities covering tax years 2014
through 2018.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the Company has a $
5.5
 
million reserve for uncertain tax positions relating to matters related
 
to
this audit.
 
Since the reserve relates to the tax periods prior to August
 
1, 2019, the tax liability was established through purchase
accounting related to the Combination.
 
The Company has also submitted an indemnification claim against
 
funds held in escrow
 
by
Houghton’s former owners
 
and as a result, a corresponding $
5.5
 
million indemnification receivable has also been established through
purchase accounting.
Houghton Deutschland GmbH is also under audit by
 
the German tax authorities for the tax years 2015-2017.
 
Based on
preliminary audit findings, primarily related to
 
transfer pricing, the Company has recorded reserves for $
0.9
 
million as of March 31,
2021.
 
Of this amount, $
0.8
 
million relates to tax periods prior to the Combination and
 
therefore the Company has submitted an
indemnification claim with Houghton’s
 
former owners for any tax liabilities arising pre-Combination.
 
As a result, a corresponding
$
0.8
 
million indemnification receivable has also been established to
 
offset the $
0.8
 
million tax liability.
Note 12 – Earnings Per Share
The following table summarizes earnings per share calculations
 
for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2021
2020
Basic earnings (loss) per common share
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation
$
38,615
$
(28,381)
Less: (income) loss allocated to participating securities
 
(154)
 
101
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders
$
 
38,461
$
(28,280)
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
17,785,370
17,672,525
Basic earnings (loss) per common share
$
2.16
$
(1.60)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share
Net income (loss) attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation
$
38,615
$
(28,381)
Less: (income) loss allocated to participating securities
(154)
101
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders
$
38,461
$
(28,280)
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
17,785,370
17,672,525
Effect of dilutive securities
70,607
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
17,855,977
17,672,525
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share
$
2.15
$
(1.60)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
17
Certain stock options and restricted stock units are not included in the diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation when the effect
would have been anti-dilutive. The calculated amount of anti-diluted shares not included was 2,083 for the three months ended March
31, 2021. All of the Company’s potentially dilutive shares for the three months ended March 31, 2020 are anti-dilutive and not
included in the dilutive loss per share calculations because of the Company’s net loss during the period.
 
Note 13 – Restricted Cash
Prior to December 2020, the Company had restricted cash recorded in other assets related to proceeds from an inactive subsidiary
of the Company which previously executed separate settlement and release agreements with two of its insurance carriers for an
original total value of $35.0 million. The proceeds of both settlements were restricted and could only be used to pay claims and costs
of defense associated with the subsidiary’s asbestos litigation. The proceeds of the settlement and release agreements were deposited
into interest bearing accounts that earned less than $0.1 million offset by $0.2 million of net payments during the three months ended
March 31, 2020.
 
Due to the restricted nature of the proceeds, a corresponding
 
deferred credit was established in other non-current
liabilities for an equal and offsetting amount
 
that continued until the restrictions lapsed.
 
As disclosed in the Company’s
 
2020 Form
10-K, during December 2020, the restrictions ended
 
on these previously received insurance settlements and the
 
Company transferred
the cash into an operating account.
 
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash,
 
cash equivalents and restricted cash as of March 31, 2021 and
 
2020, as well
as December 31, 2020 and 2019:
March 31,
 
December 31,
2021
2020
2020
2019
Cash and cash equivalents
$
163,455
$
316,437
$
181,833
$
123,524
Restricted cash included in other current assets
34
62
353
Restricted cash included in other assets
19,480
19,678
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
$
163,455
$
335,951
$
181,895
$
143,555
Note 14 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
 
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the
 
three months ended March 31, 2020 were as follows:
Global
Specialty
Americas
EMEA
Asia/Pacific
Businesses
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2020
$
213,242
$
140,162
$
158,090
$
119,718
 
$
631,212
Goodwill additions
1,093
2,626
1,308
25
5,052
Currency translation adjustments
 
(731)
(3,925)
(956)
(3,078)
 
(8,690)
Balance as of March 31,
 
2021
$
213,604
$
138,863
$
158,442
$
116,665
 
$
627,574
Gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization
 
for definite-lived intangible assets as of March 31, 2021 and
 
December 31,
2020 were as follows:
Gross Carrying
Accumulated
Amount
Amortization
2021
2020
2021
2020
Customer lists and rights to sell
$
846,052
 
$
839,551
 
$
110,997
 
$
99,806
Trademarks, formulations and product
 
technology
 
167,144
 
 
166,448
 
 
32,533
 
 
30,483
Other
 
6,320
 
 
6,372
 
 
5,743
 
 
5,824
Total definite
 
-lived intangible assets
$
1,019,516
 
$
1,012,371
 
$
149,273
 
$
136,113
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
18
The Company amortizes definite-lived intangible assets on
 
a straight-line basis over their useful lives.
 
The Company recorded
$
14.8
 
million and $
14.0
 
million of amortization expense for the three months ended
 
March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
 
Estimated annual aggregate amortization expense for
 
the current year and subsequent five years is as follows:
For the year ended December 31, 2021
$
59,372
For the year ended December 31, 2022
59,096
For the year ended December 31, 2023
58,927
For the year ended December 31, 2024
58,427
For the year ended December 31, 2025
57,710
For the year ended December 31, 2026
57,484
The Company has four indefinite-lived intangible
 
assets totaling $
205.1
 
million as of both March 31, 2021 and December 31,
2020, including $
204.0
 
million of indefinite-lived intangible assets for trademarks and
 
tradename associated with the Combination.
Goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite lives are
 
not amortized and are required to be assessed at least annually
 
for
impairment.
 
The Company completes its annual goodwill and indefinite-lived
 
intangible asset impairment test during the fourth
quarter of each year.
 
The Company continuously evaluates if triggering events indicate
 
a possible impairment in one or more of its
reporting units or indefinite-lived or long-lived assets.
The Company previously disclosed in its 2020 Form 10-K
 
that as of March 31, 2020, the Company concluded that the
 
impact of
COVID-19 did not represent a triggering event with
 
regards to the Company’s
 
reporting units or indefinite-lived and long-lived assets,
except for the Company’s
 
Houghton and Fluidcare trademarks and tradename indefinite
 
-lived intangible assets.
 
The determination of
estimated fair value of the Houghton and Fluidcare
 
trademarks and tradename indefinite-lived assets was based on a relief
 
from
royalty valuation method,
 
which requires management’s judgment
 
and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions,
including assumptions with respect to the weighted average
 
cost of capital (“WACC”)
 
and royalty rates, as well as revenue growth
rates and terminal growth rates.
 
In the first quarter of 2020, as a result of the impact of
 
COVID-19 driving a decrease in projected
legacy Houghton net sales during that year and the impact
 
of the sales decline on projected future legacy Houghton
 
net sales as well as
an increase in the WACC
 
assumption utilized in the quantitative impairment
 
assessment, the Company concluded that the estimated
fair values of the Houghton and Fluidcare trademarks
 
and tradename intangible assets were less than their carrying values.
 
As a
result, an impairment charge of $
38.0
 
million was recorded in the first quarter of 2020 to write down
 
the carrying values of these
intangible assets to their estimated fair values.
As of March 31, 2021, the Company continued to evaluate
 
the on-going impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s
 
operations, and
the volatility and uncertainty in the economic outlook as a result of
 
COVID-19, to determine if this indicated it was more likely
 
than
not that the carrying value of any of the Company’s
 
reporting units or indefinite-lived or long-lived intangible assets were
 
not
recoverable.
 
The Company concluded that the impact of COVID-19 did not represent
 
a triggering event as of March 31, 2021.
 
While
the Company concluded that the impact of COVID-19
 
did not represent a triggering event as of March 31, 2021,
 
the Company will
continue to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s
 
current and projected results.
 
If the current economic conditions
worsen or projections of the timeline for recovery are
 
significantly extended, then the Company may conclude in the
 
future that the
impact from COVID-19 requires the need to perform
 
further interim quantitative impairment tests, which could
 
result in additional
impairment charges in the future.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
19
Note 15 – Debt
Debt as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 includes
 
the following:
As of March 31, 2021
As of December 31, 2020
Interest
Outstanding
 
Interest
Outstanding
 
Rate
Balance
Rate
Balance
Credit Facilities:
Revolver
1.61%
$
190,000
1.65%
$
160,000
U.S. Term Loan
1.61%
562,500
1.65%
570,000
EURO Term Loan
1.50%
148,210
1.50%
157,062
Industrial development bonds
5.26%
10,000
5.26%
10,000
Bank lines of credit and other debt obligations
Various
2,377
Various
2,072
Total debt
$
913,087
$
899,134
Less: debt issuance costs
(10,324)
(11,099)
Less: short-term and current portion of long-term debts
(43,330)
(38,967)
Total long
 
-term debt
$
859,433
$
849,068
Credit facilities
The Company’s primary
 
credit facility (as amended, the “Credit Facility”) is comprised
 
of a $
400.0
 
million multicurrency
revolver (the “Revolver”), a $
600.0
 
million term loan (the “U.S. Term
 
Loan”), each with the Company as borrower,
 
and a $
150.0
million (as of August 1, 2019) Euro equivalent term loan (the
 
“EURO Term Loan”
 
and together with the “U.S. Term
 
Loan”, the
“Term Loans”)
 
with Quaker Chemical B.V.,
 
a Dutch subsidiary of the Company as borrower,
 
each with a five-year term maturing in
August 2024.
 
Subject to the consent of the administrative agent and certain
 
other conditions, the Company may designate additional
borrowers.
 
The maximum amount available under the Credit Facility can be
 
increased by up to $
300.0
 
million at the Company’s
request if there are lenders who agree to accept additional
 
commitments and the Company has satisfied certain other
 
conditions.
 
Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at a base
 
rate or LIBOR plus an applicable margin based upon
 
the Company’s
consolidated net leverage ratio.
 
There are LIBOR replacement provisions that contemplate a further
 
amendment if and when LIBOR
ceases to be reported.
 
The variable interest rate incurred on the outstanding borrowings under
 
the Credit Facility as of and during the
three months ended March 31, 2021 was approximately
1.6
%.
 
In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under
 
the Credit
Facility, the Company
 
is required to pay a commitment fee ranging from
0.2
% to
0.3
% depending on the Company’s
 
consolidated net
leverage ratio to the lenders under the Revolver in
 
respect of the unutilized commitments thereunder.
 
The Company has unused
capacity under the Revolver of approximately $
204
 
million, net of bank letters of credit of approximately $
6
 
million, as of March 31,
2021.
 
The Credit Facility is subject to certain financial and
 
other covenants.
 
The Company’s initial consolidated net debt to
consolidated adjusted EBITDA ratio could not exceed 4.25 to 1, with step downs in the permitted ratio over the term of the Credit
Facility. As of March 31, 2021, the consolidated net debt to adjusted EBITDA may not exceed 4.00 to 1. The Company’s
consolidated adjusted EBITDA to interest expense ratio cannot be less than 3.0 to 1 over the term of the agreement. The Credit
Facility also prohibits the payment of cash dividends if the Company is in default or if the amount of the dividend paid annually
exceeds the greater of $50.0 million and 20% of consolidated adjusted EBITDA unless the ratio of consolidated net debt to
consolidated adjusted EBITDA is less than 2.0 to 1, in which case there is no such limitation on amount.
 
As of March 31, 2021 and
December 31, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all of the Credit Facility covenants
.
 
The Term Loans
 
have quarterly
principal amortization during their five-year terms,
 
with
5.0
% amortization of the principal balance due in years
 
1 and 2,
7.5
% in year
3, and
10.0
% in years 4 and 5, with the remaining principal amount due at
 
maturity.
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2021,
the Company made quarterly amortization payments
 
related to the Term Loans
 
totaling $
9.6
 
million.
 
The Credit Facility is guaranteed
by certain of the Company’s
 
domestic subsidiaries and is secured by first priority liens on substantially
 
all of the assets of the
Company and the domestic subsidiary guarantors,
 
subject to certain customary exclusions.
 
The obligations of the Dutch borrower are
guaranteed only by certain foreign subsidiaries on an unsecured
 
basis.
The Credit Facility required the Company to fix its variable
 
interest rates on at least 20% of its total Term
 
Loans.
 
In order to
satisfy this requirement as well as to manage the
 
Company’s exposure to variable
 
interest rate risk associated with the Credit Facility,
in November 2019, the Company entered into $
170.0
 
million notional amounts of three-year interest rate swaps at a base
 
rate of
1.64
% plus an applicable margin as provided in the Credit
 
Facility, based on the Company’s
 
consolidated net leverage ratio.
 
At the
time the Company entered into the swaps, and as
 
of March 31, 2021, the aggregate interest rate on the swaps,
 
including the fixed base
rate plus an applicable margin, was
3.1
%.
 
See Note 18 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
20
The Company capitalized $
23.7
 
million of certain third-party debt issuance costs in connection
 
with executing the Credit Facility.
 
Approximately $
15.5
 
million of the capitalized costs were attributed to the Term
 
Loans and recorded as a direct reduction of long-
term debt on the Company’s
 
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
 
Approximately $
8.3
 
million of the capitalized costs were
attributed to the Revolver and recorded within other assets on
 
the Company’s Condensed Consolidated
 
Balance Sheet.
 
These
capitalized costs are being amortized into interest expense
 
over the five-year term of the Credit Facility.
 
As of March 31, 2021 and
December 31, 2020, the Company had $
10.3
 
million and $
11.1
 
million, respectively,
 
of debt issuance costs recorded as a reduction of
long-term debt.
 
As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company
 
had $
5.5
 
million and $
5.9
 
million, respectively,
 
of debt
issuance costs recorded within other assets.
 
Industrial development bonds
As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020,
 
the Company had fixed rate, industrial development authority
 
bonds totaling
$
10.0
 
million in principal amount due in
2028
.
 
These bonds have similar covenants to the Credit Facility noted
 
above.
Bank lines of credit and other
 
debt obligations
 
The Company has certain unsecured bank lines of credit
 
and discounting facilities in certain foreign subsidiaries, which are
 
not
collateralized.
 
The Company’s other debt
 
obligations primarily consist of certain domestic and foreign
 
low interest rate or interest-
free municipality-related loans, local credit facilities of
 
certain foreign subsidiaries and capital lease obligations.
 
Total unused
capacity under these arrangements as of March 31,
 
2021 was approximately $
40
 
million.
 
In addition to the bank letters of credit described in
 
the “Credit facilities” subsection above, the Company’s
 
only other off-balance
sheet arrangements include certain financial and other
 
guarantees.
 
The Company’s total bank
 
letters of credit and guarantees
outstanding as of March 31, 2021 were approximately
 
$
9
 
million.
The Company incurred the following debt related expenses
 
included within Interest expense, net, in the Condensed
 
Consolidated
Statements of Operations:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2021
2020
Interest expense
$
4,650
$
7,712
Amortization of debt issuance costs
1,187
1,187
Total
$
5,837
$
8,899
Based on the variable interest rates associated with the Credit
 
Facility, as of March
 
31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the amounts
at which the Company’s
 
total debt were recorded are not materially different
 
from their fair market value.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
21
Note 16 – Equity
The following tables present the changes in equity,
 
net of tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:
Accumulated
Capital in
Other
Common
Excess of
Retained
Comprehensive
Noncontrolling
Stock
Par Value
Earnings
Loss
Interest
Total
Balance at December 31, 2020
$
17,851
$
905,171
$
423,940
$
(26,598)
$
550
$
1,320,914
Net income
38,615
17
38,632
Amounts reported in other comprehensive
 
loss
(26,630)
(2)
(26,632)
Dividends ($
0.395
 
per share)
(7,062)
(7,062)
Share issuance and equity-based
compensation plans
24
3,577
3,601
Balance at March 31, 2021
$
17,875
$
908,748
$
455,493
$
(53,228)
$
565
$
1,329,453
Balance at December 31, 2019
$
17,735
$
888,218
$
412,979
$
(78,170)
$
1,604
$
1,242,366
Cumulative effect of an accounting change
(402)
(402)
Balance at January 1, 2020
17,735
888,218
412,577
(78,170)
1,604
1,241,964
Net (loss) income
(28,381)
37
(28,344)
Amounts reported in other comprehensive
 
 
loss
(43,354)
(132)
(43,486)
Dividends ($
0.385
 
per share)
(6,834)
(6,834)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest
(707)
(340)
(1,047)
Distributions to noncontrolling affiliate
 
shareholders
(751)
(751)
Share issuance and equity-based
compensation plans
17
1,022
1,039
Balance at March 31, 2020
$
17,752
$
888,533
$
377,362
$
(121,524)
$
418
$
1,162,541
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
22
The following tables show the reclassifications from and
 
resulting balances of AOCI for the three months ended
 
March 31, 2021
and 2020:
Defined
Unrealized
Currency
Benefit
Gain (Loss) in
 
Translation
Retirement
Available-for
 
-
Derivative
Adjustments
Plans
Sale Securities
Instruments
Total
Balance at December 31, 2020
$
(2,875)
$
(23,467)
$
3,342
$
(3,598)
$
(26,598)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before
reclassifications
(25,459)
781
(745)
730
(24,693)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
862
(3,085)
(2,223)
Current period other comprehensive (loss) income
(25,459)
1,643
(3,830)
730
(26,916)
Related tax amounts
(351)
805
(168)
286
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income
(25,459)
1,292
(3,025)
562
(26,630)
Balance at March 31, 2021
$
(28,334)
$
(22,175)
$
317
$
(3,036)
$
(53,228)
Balance at December 31, 2019
$
(44,568)
$
(34,533)
$
1,251
$
(320)
$
(78,170)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before
 
reclassifications
(54,619)
828
(2,135)
(5,170)
(61,096)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
24,366
(32)
24,334
Current period other comprehensive (loss) income
(54,619)
25,194
(2,167)
(5,170)
(36,762)
Related tax amounts
(8,237)
456
1,189
(6,592)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income
(54,619)
16,957
(1,711)
(3,981)
(43,354)
Balance at March 31, 2020
$
(99,187)
$
(17,576)
$
(460)
$
(4,301)
$
(121,524)
All reclassifications related to unrealized gain (loss) in
 
available-for-sale securities relate to the Company’s
 
equity interest in a
captive insurance company and are recorded in equity
 
in net income of associated companies.
 
The amounts reported in other
comprehensive income for non-controlling interest are
 
related to currency translation adjustments.
Note 17 – Fair Value
 
Measurements
 
The Company has valued its company-owned life insurance
 
policies at fair value.
 
These assets are subject to fair value
measurement as follows:
 
Fair Value
 
Measurements at March 31, 2021
Total
Using Fair Value
 
Hierarchy
Assets
Fair Value
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Company-owned life insurance
$
2,015
$
$
2,015
$
Total
$
2,015
$
$
2,015
$
 
Fair Value
 
Measurements at December 31, 2020
Total
Using Fair Value
 
Hierarchy
Assets
Fair Value
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Company-owned life insurance
 
$
1,961
$
$
1,961
$
Total
$
1,961
$
$
1,961
$
The fair values of Company-owned life insurance assets are based
 
on quotes for like instruments with similar credit ratings and
terms.
 
The Company did not hold any Level 3 investments as of March
 
31, 2021 or December 31, 2020, respectively,
 
so related
disclosures have not been included.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
23
Note 18 – Hedging Activities
In order to satisfy certain requirements of the Credit
 
Facility as well as to manage the Company’s
 
exposure to variable interest
rate risk associated with the Credit Facility,
 
in November 2019, the Company entered into $
170.0
 
million notional amounts of three-
year interest rate swaps.
 
See Note 15 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
These interest rate swaps are
designated as cash flow hedges and, as such, the contracts
 
are marked-to-market at each reporting date and any unrealized gains
 
or
losses are included in AOCI to the extent effective
 
and reclassified to interest expense in the period during which the
 
transaction
effects earnings or it becomes probable that
 
the forecasted transaction will not occur.
 
The balance sheet classification and fair values of the
 
Company’s derivative instruments,
 
which are Level 2 measurements, are as
follows:
Fair Value
Condensed Consolidated
March 31,
 
December 31,
Balance Sheet Location
2021
2020
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps
Other non-current liabilities
$
3,943
$
4,672
$
3,943
$
4,672
The following table presents the net unrealized loss deferred to
 
AOCI:
March 31,
 
December 31,
2021
2020
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps
AOCI
$
3,036
$
3,598
$
3,036
$
3,598
The following table presents the net gain reclassified from
 
AOCI to earnings:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2021
2020
Amount and location of (expense) income reclassified
 
 
from AOCI into (expense) income (Effective Portion)
Interest expense, net
$
(643)
$
19
Interest rate swaps are entered into with a limited number
 
of counterparties, each of which allows for net settlement
 
of all
contracts through a single payment in a single currency
 
in the event of a default on or termination of any one
 
contract.
 
As such, in
accordance with the Company’s
 
accounting policy,
 
these derivative instruments are recorded on a net basis by
 
counterparty within the
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Note 19 – Commitments and Contingencies
The Company previously disclosed in its 2020 Form 10-K
 
that AC Products, Inc. (“ACP”), a wholly owned subsidiary,
 
has been
operating a groundwater treatment system to hydraulically
 
contain groundwater contamination emanating from ACP’s
 
site, the
principal contaminant of which is perchloroethylene.
 
As of March 31, 2021, ACP believes it is close to meeting the conditions
 
for
closure of the groundwater treatment system, but continues
 
to operate this system while in discussions with the relevant
 
authorities.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the Company believes that the range
 
of potential-known liabilities associated with the balance
 
of the ACP
water remediation program is approximately $
0.1
 
million to $
1.0
 
million.
 
The low and high ends of the range are based on the length
of operation of the treatment system as determined
 
by groundwater modeling.
 
Costs of operation include the operation and
maintenance of the extraction well, groundwater monitoring
 
and program management.
 
The Company previously disclosed in its 2020 Form 10-K
 
that an inactive subsidiary of the Company that was acquired
 
in 1978
sold certain products containing asbestos, primarily
 
on an installed basis, and is among the defendants in numerous
 
lawsuits alleging
injury due to exposure to asbestos.
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2021, there
 
have been no significant changes to the facts
or circumstances of this previously disclosed matter,
 
aside from on-going claims and routine payments associated with
 
this litigation.
 
Based on a continued analysis of the existing and anticipated
 
future claims against this subsidiary,
 
it is currently projected that the
subsidiary’s total liability
 
over the next 50 years for these claims is approximately
 
$
0.4
 
million (excluding costs of defense).
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
- Continued
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts,
 
unless otherwise stated)
(Unaudited)
 
24
 
The Company previously disclosed in its 2020 Form 10-K
 
that it is party to certain environmental matters related to certain
domestic and foreign properties currently or previously
 
owned by Houghton.
 
These environmental matters primarily require the
Company to perform long-term monitoring as well as operating
 
and maintenance at each of the applicable sites.
 
During the three
months ended March 31, 2021, there have been no
 
significant changes to the facts or circumstances of these previously
 
disclosed
matters, aside from on-going monitoring and maintenance
 
activities and routine payments associated with each of the
 
sites.
 
The
Company continually evaluates its obligations related to such
 
matters, and based on historical costs incurred and projected
 
costs to be
incurred over the next 28 years, has estimated the present
 
value range of costs for all of the Houghton
 
environmental matters, on a
discounted basis, to be between approximately $
5
 
million and $
6
 
million as of March 31, 2021, for which $
5.7
 
million was accrued
within other accrued liabilities and other non-current
 
liabilities on the Company’s Condensed
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March
31, 2021.
 
Comparatively, as of December
 
31, 2020, the Company had $
6.0
 
million accrued for with respect to these matters.
The Company believes, although there can be no assurance
 
regarding the outcome of other unrelated environmental matters, that
it has made adequate accruals for costs associated with other
 
environmental problems of which it is aware.
 
Approximately $
0.1
million were accrued as of both March 31, 2021 and
 
December 31, 2020, to provide for such anticipated future
 
environmental
assessments and remediation costs.
 
The Company previously disclosed in its 2020 Form 10-K
 
that one of the Company’s subsidiaries
 
received a notice of inspection
from a taxing authority in a country where certain
 
of its subsidiaries operate which related to a non-income (indirect)
 
tax that may be
applicable to certain products the subsidiary sells.
 
To date, the Company
 
has not received any assessment from the authority related
 
to
potential liabilities that may be due from the Company’s
 
subsidiary.
 
Consequently, there is substantial uncertai
 
nty with respect to the
Company’s ultimate liability
 
with respect to this indirect tax, as the application of
 
this tax in its given market is ambiguous and
interpreted differently among other peer companies
 
and taxing authorities.
 
The Company, with assistance
 
from independent experts,
has performed an evaluation of the applicability of this
 
indirect tax to the Company’s
 
subsidiaries in this country.
 
Information
available to the Company at this time is only sufficient
 
to establish a range of probable liability,
 
and no amount within the range is
considered a better estimate than another.
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and through the
 
date of this Report,
 
there
have been no significant changes to the facts or circumstances of
 
this previously disclosed matter, aside
 
from on-going discussions
between the Company and the taxing authority related
 
to this notice of inspection.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the Company has recorded a
liability of $
1.7
 
million in other accrued liabilities, which reflects the low end
 
of the range of probable indirect tax owed, including
interest and taking into account applicable statutes of limitations.
 
Because these amounts in part relate to a Houghton entity acquired
in the Combination and for periods prior to the Combination,
 
the Company has submitted an indemnification claim
 
with Houghton’s
former owners related to this potential indirect tax liability.
 
The Company recorded a receivable in other assets for approximately
$
1.1
 
million, which reflects the amount of the initial recorded liability
 
for which the Company anticipates being indemnified.
 
As
noted, the Company believes there is substantial uncertainty
 
with respect to its ultimate liability given the ambiguous
 
application of
this indirect tax.
 
At this time, the Company’s best estimate
 
of a potential range for possible assessments, including
 
additional amounts
that may be assessed under these indirect tax laws, would
 
be approximately $
0.6
 
million to $
38
 
million, which is net of approximately
$
10
 
million of estimated income tax deductions and approximately $
22
 
million of applicable rights to indemnification from
Houghton’s former owners.
The Company is party to other litigation which management
 
currently believes will not have a material adverse
 
effect on the
Company’s results of
 
operations, cash flows or financial condition.
 
In addition, the Company has an immaterial amount of contractual
purchase obligations.
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
25
 
Item 2.
 
Management’s Discussion and
 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
.
As used in this Report, the terms “Quaker Houghton”,
 
the “Company”, “we” and “our” refer to Quaker Chemical
 
Corporation
(doing business as Quaker Houghton),
 
its subsidiaries, and associated companies, unless the context otherwise
 
requires.
 
As used in
this Report, the term Legacy Quaker refers to the Company
 
prior to the closing of its combination with Houghton International,
 
Inc.
(“Houghton”) (herein referred to as the “Combination”)
 
on August 1, 2019.
 
Throughout the Report, all figures presented, unless
otherwise stated, reflect the results of operations of the
 
combined company for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and
 
2020.
 
Executive Summary
Quaker Houghton is a global leader in industrial process
 
fluids.
 
With a presence around the world,
 
including operations in over
25 countries, our customers include thousands of the world’s
 
most advanced and specialized steel, aluminum, automotive, aerospace,
offshore, can, mining, and metalworking
 
companies.
 
Our high-performing, innovative and sustainable solutions are
 
backed by best-
in-class technology,
 
deep process knowledge, and customized services.
 
Quaker Houghton is headquartered in Conshohocken,
Pennsylvania, located near Philadelphia in the United States.
The Company had a very strong start to 2021, delivering
 
solid first quarter results which reflect the continued COVID-19
recovery in the Company’s
 
end-markets and customer demand as well as the on-going execution
 
of integration activities and synergy
realization.
 
Specifically, net sales of $429.8
 
million in the first quarter of 2021 increased 14% compared to
 
$378.6 million in the first
quarter of 2020, primarily due to higher volumes, which
 
included additional net sales from acquisitions of 3%, and the
 
positive impact
from foreign currency translation of 3%.
 
The increase in sales volumes compared to the first quarter
 
of 2020 was primarily due to
improved end market conditions and continued market
 
share gains.
 
Additional net sales from acquisitions primarily were attributable
to Coral Chemical (“Coral”), which the Company acquired
 
in December 2020.
 
The positive net impact from foreign currency
translation was primarily due to the strengthening of the
 
euro and Chinese renminbi against the U.S. dollar quarter-over-quarter,
partially offset by the ongoing weakening
 
of the Brazilian real.
 
The Company had net income in the first quarter
 
of 2021 of $38.6
million, or $2.15 per diluted share, compared to a first
 
quarter of 2020 net loss of $28.4 million, or $1.60 per diluted
 
share.
 
The
Company’s prior year
 
first quarter net loss was primarily driven by the first quarter
 
of 2020 non-cash impairment charge of $38.0
million for certain indefinite-lived intangible assets and
 
a non-cash $22.7 million settlement charge
 
related to the termination of a U.S.
defined benefit pension plan.
 
Excluding these non-recurring items as well as costs associated
 
with the Combination and other non-
core items in each period, the Company’s
 
first quarter of 2021 non-GAAP earnings per diluted share
 
were $2.11 compared to $1.38 in
the prior year first quarter.
 
The Company’s current
 
quarter adjusted EBITDA of $77.1 million increased
 
28% compared to $60.5
million in the first quarter of 2020 primarily due to
 
the significant increase in net sales quarter over quarter and
 
incremental realized
cost synergies from the Combination as compared
 
to the first quarter of 2020.
 
The Company estimates that it realized cost synergies
associated with the Combination of approximately
 
$18 million during the first quarter of 2021 compared to
 
approximately $10 million
during the first quarter of 2020.
 
See the Non-GAAP Measures section of this Item below,
 
as well as other items discussed in the
Company’s Consolidated
 
Operations Review in the Operations section of this Item,
 
below.
The Company’s first quarter
 
of 2021 operating performance in each of its four reportable
 
segments: (i) Americas; (ii) Europe,
Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); (iii) Asia/Pacific; and (iv)
 
Global Specialty Businesses, reflect similar drivers to that of
 
its
consolidated performance.
 
All four segments had higher net sales compared to the first quarter
 
of 2020.
 
The Company’s higher sales
volumes were driven by EMEA and Asia/Pacific, while additional
 
net sales from Coral benefited the Americas and the
 
Global
Specialty Businesses.
 
The growth in Asia/Pacific’s vol
 
umes compared to the prior year were partially due to
 
the initial impacts of
COVID-19 in China during the first quarter of 2020,
 
whereas all of the remaining segments weren’t impacted
 
as severely until the
second quarter of 2020.
 
The benefit of higher selling price and product mix positively
 
impacted most of the segments, and foreign
currency translation benefited all segments except the
 
Americas which was driven by the ongoing weakening of the Brazilian real
quarter over quarter.
 
As reported, all of the Company’s
 
segment operating earnings were higher compared to
 
the first quarter of 2020
which reflects higher current quarter net sales coupled
 
with a higher gross margin in all segments as compared
 
to the prior year first
quarter.
 
While the Company has experienced higher raw material costs
 
beginning in the fourth quarter of 2020 and
 
continuing into
2021, the higher gross margin as compared
 
to the prior year first quarter was primarily driven by the Company’s
 
continued execution
of Combination-related logistics, procurement and manufacturing
 
cost savings initiatives as well as the benefit of higher volumes
 
in
the current quarter and the related impact from fixed manufacturing
 
costs.
 
Direct Selling, general and administrative expenses
(“SG&A”) of each segment were relatively consistent with the
 
first quarter of 2020 with only Asia/Pacific up as a result of
 
the
segments strong current quarter performance compared
 
to the prior year which was negatively impacted by the
 
initial COVID-19
conditions in China.
 
In addition, the Company and all of its segments continued to
 
maintain strong cost control and benefit from
COVID-19 cost savings actions, including lower travel
 
expenses, as well as the benefits of realized cost savings associated
 
with the
Combination.
 
Additional details of each segment’s
 
operating performance are further discussed in the Company’s
 
Reportable
Segments Review, in
 
the Operations section of this Item, below.
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
26
The Company had a net operating cash outflow of $12.6
 
million in the first quarter of 2021 as compared to a net operating
 
cash
inflow of $20.2 million in the first quarter of 2020.
 
The decrease in net operating cash flow quarter-over-quarter was
 
primarily driven
by a significant change in working capital, as the
 
Company’s significant increase in
 
net sales and volumes resulted in a large increase
in accounts receivable in the first quarter of 2021.
 
The key drivers of the Company’s
 
operating cash flow and working capital are
further discussed in the Company’s
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources section of this Item,
 
below.
Overall, the Company’s
 
first quarter results were strong with sequential and prior
 
year improvement in all segments primarily due
to the continued recovery in our end-markets and customer
 
demand increases from lower levels experienced during
 
2020 as a result of
COVID-19.
 
The results in the first quarter of 2021 reflected a strong
 
quarterly growth trend across the globe beginning after the
second quarter of 2020, during which the impacts of
 
COVID-19 were most severe.
 
Also, the strong demand in the first quarter of
2021 coupled with continued market share gains and
 
the on-going execution of integration activities and synergy
 
realization helped
offset negative impacts due to the on-going
 
global uncertainty brought on by COVID-19 and other macroeconomic
 
headwinds,
including rising raw material prices and overall supply
 
chain pressures.
 
The global economic slowdown and other impacts due
 
to COVID-19 experienced by almost all companies in 2020
 
posed an
unprecedented challenge, but the Company’s
 
first quarter of 2021 results continue to demonstrate that it can
 
successfully navigate
through market downturns by responding quickly to
 
changing market conditions and delivering on the benefits it anticipated
 
from the
Combination with Houghton.
 
As the Company looks forward, it expects to experience
 
continued short-term headwinds from higher
raw material costs and supply chain pressures, with the
 
magnitude of these raw material cost increases being considerably higher
 
than
the Company previously expected due to stress on global
 
supply chains, weather related shutdowns and unexpected supplier
shutdowns.
 
However, the Company does expect
 
to achieve additional selling price increases to offset
 
these rising raw material costs,
but there will be a lag effect on our gross margin
 
as these price increases catchup to our rising raw material costs.
 
Despite these near
term headwinds, the Company continues to expect 2021
 
to result in a step change in its profitability from 2020 as the Company
completes its integration cost synergies, continues
 
to take further share in the marketplace, benefits from the projected
 
gradual
rebound in demand, and sees the positive impact of its recent
 
acquisitions.
 
On-going impact of COVID-19
The global outbreak of COVID-19 has negatively impacted
 
all locations where the Company does business.
 
Although the
Company has now operated in this COVID-19 environment
 
for a year, the full extent of the outbreak
 
and related business impacts
remain uncertain and volatile, and therefore the full
 
extent to which COVID-19 may impact the Company’s
 
future results of
operations or financial condition is uncertain.
 
This outbreak has significantly disrupted the operations of the
 
Company and those of its
suppliers and customers.
 
The Company has experienced volume declines and lower
 
net sales as compared to pre-COVID-19 levels as
a result of the outbreak, as further described in this section.
 
Management continues to monitor the impact that the COVID-19
pandemic is having on the Company,
 
the overall specialty chemical industry and the economies and
 
markets in which the Company
operates.
 
Given the speed and frequency of the continuously evolving developments
 
with respect to this pandemic, the Company
cannot, as of the date of this Report, reasonably estimate
 
the magnitude or the full extent of the impact to its future results
 
of
operations or to the ability of it or its customers to resume
 
more normal operations, even as certain restrictions are lifted.
 
The
prolonged pandemic and a resurgence
 
of the outbreak, and continued restrictions on day-to-day
 
life and business operations may result
in volume declines and lower net sales in future periods
 
as compared to pre-COVID-19 levels.
 
To the extent that
 
the Company’s
customers and suppliers continue to be significantly and
 
adversely impacted by COVID-19, this could reduce the
 
availability, or result
in delays, of materials or supplies to or from the Company
 
,
 
which in turn could significantly interrupt the Company’s
 
business
operations.
 
Given this ongoing uncertainty,
 
the Company cautions that its future results of operations could
 
be significantly adversely
impacted by COVID-19.
 
Further, management continues to
 
evaluate how COVID-19-related circumstances, such
 
as remote work
arrangements, illness or staffing shortages
 
and travel restrictions have affected financial reporting
 
processes and systems, internal
control over financial reporting, and disclosure controls and
 
procedures.
 
While the circumstances have presented and are expected
 
to
continue to present challenges, and have necessitated
 
additional time and resources to be deployed to sufficiently
 
address the
challenges brought on by the pandemic, at this time, management
 
does not believe that COVID-19 has had a material impact on
financial reporting processes, internal controls over financial
 
reporting, or disclosure controls and procedures.
 
The Company’s top
 
priority is, and especially during this pandemic remains, to protect the health
 
and safety of its employees and
customers, while working to ensure business continuity
 
to meet customers’ needs.
 
The Company continues to take steps to protect the
health and wellbeing of its people in affected
 
areas through various actions, including enabling work at home
 
where needed and
possible, and employing social distancing standards,
 
implementing travel restrictions where applicable, enhancing onsite hygiene
practices, and instituting visitation restrictions at the Company’s
 
facilities.
 
The Company has not and does not expect that it will incur
material expenses implementing these health and safety
 
policies.
 
All of the Company’s 31
 
production facilities worldwide are open
and operating and are deemed as essential businesses
 
in the jurisdictions where they are operating.
 
The Company believes that to date
it has been able to meet the needs of all its customers across
 
the globe despite the current economic challenges.
 
The Company’s first
quarter of 2021 continued the trend of gradual sequential
 
quarterly improvement which began in the second half
 
of 2020.
 
However,
demand still remains uncertain as many customers maintained
 
reduced production levels into the first quarter of 2021.
 
The Company
continues to expect that the impact from COVID-19
 
will gradually improve subject to the effective containment
 
of the virus and its
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
27
variants and successful distribution and acceptance
 
of the vaccines that have been developed.
 
However, the incidence of reported
cases of COVID-19 in several geographies where we have
 
significant operations remains high and it remains highly uncertain
 
as to
how long the global pandemic and related economic challenges
 
will last and when our customers’ businesses will recover
 
to pre-
COVID-19 levels.
 
The Company took various
 
actions to temporarily conserve cash and reduce costs during
 
and these temporary
initiatives were designed and implemented so that
 
the Company could successfully manage through the challenging COVID-19
situation while continuing to protect the health
 
of its employees, meet customers’ needs, maintain the Company’s
 
long-term
competitive advantages and above-market growth, and enable it to
 
continue to effectively integrate Houghton.
 
While the actions taken
to date to protect our workforce, to continue to serve
 
our customers with excellence and to conserve cash and
 
reduce costs, have been
effective thus far, further
 
actions to respond to the pandemic and its effects may
 
be necessary as conditions continue to evolve.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At March 31, 2021, the Company had cash, cash equivalents
 
and restricted cash of $163.5 million.
 
Total cash, cash
 
equivalents
and restricted cash was $181.9 million at December
 
31, 2020.
 
The approximately $18.4 million decrease in cash, cash equivalents
 
and
restricted cash was the net result of $15.8 million of cash
 
used in investing activities, $12.6 million of cash used in
 
operating activities
and a $3.0 million negative impact due to the effect
 
of foreign currency translation partially offset by $13.0
 
million of cash provided
by financing activities.
Net cash flows used in operating activities were $12.6
 
million in the first three months of 2021 compared to net cash flows
provided by operating activities of $20.2 million in the
 
first three months of 2020.
 
The decrease in net operating cash flows of $32.8
million was primarily driven by a significant change in working
 
capital, as the significant increase in current quarter net
 
sales resulted
in a large increase in accounts receivable
 
in the first three months of 2021.
 
In addition, the Company had higher cash dividends
received from its associated companies in the first three
 
months of 2020, primarily due to $5.0 million received from
 
the Company’s
joint venture in Korea with no similar dividend received
 
in the first three months of 2021 related to the timing of dividends received.
Net cash flows used in investing activities were $15.8
 
million in the first three months of 2021 compared to $8.0 million
 
in the
first three months of 2020.
 
This increase in cash outflows was driven by increases in
 
higher cash payments related to acquisitions
during the three months ending March 31, 2021, including
 
$25.0 million for certain assets related to tin-plating solutions
 
primarily for
steel end markets.
 
These higher cash outflows were partially offset by
 
cash proceeds of approximately $14.7 million from the
disposition of assets, which includes the sale of certain
 
held-for-sale real property assets related to the Combination.
Net cash flows provided by financing activities were $13.0
 
million in the first three months of 2021 compared to
 
$186.6 million
in the first three months of 2020.
 
The decrease of $173.6 million in net cash flows was primarily related
 
to the prior year borrowings
of most of the available liquidity under the Company’s
 
revolving credit facility related to the economic uncertainty
 
brought on by
COVID-19.
 
In addition, the Company paid $7.1 million of cash dividends
 
during the first three months of 2021, a $0.2 million or 3%
increase in cash dividends compared to the prior year.
 
Finally, during the first three
 
months of 2020, the Company used $1.0 million
to purchase the remaining noncontrolling interest in a South
 
Africa affiliate.
 
Prior to this buyout, this South Africa affiliate made
 
a
distribution to the prior noncontrolling affiliate
 
shareholder of approximately $0.8 million in the three
 
months of 2020.
 
There were no
similar noncontrolling interest activities in the first three
 
months of 2021.
The Company’s primary
 
credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) is comprised of a $400.0
 
million multicurrency revolver (the
“Revolver”), a $600.0 million term loan (the “U.S. Term
 
Loan”), each with the Company as borrower,
 
and a $150.0 million (as of
August 1, 2019) Euro equivalent term loan (the “Euro
 
Term Loan” and together
 
with the U.S. Term Loan”,
 
the “Term Loans”) with
Quaker Chemical B.V.,
 
a Dutch subsidiary of the Company as borrower,
 
each with a five-year term maturing in August 2024.
 
Subject
to the consent of the administrative agent and certain other
 
conditions, the Company may designate additional borrowers.
 
The
maximum amount available under the Credit Facility
 
can be increased by up to $300.0 million at the Company’s
 
request if there are
lenders who agree to accept additional commitments and
 
the Company has satisfied certain other conditions.
 
Borrowings under the
Credit Facility bear interest at a base rate or LIBOR plus an
 
applicable margin based on the Company’s
 
consolidated net leverage
ratio.
 
There are LIBOR replacement provisions that contemplate a further
 
amendment if and when LIBOR ceases to be reported.
 
The
weighted average interest rate incurred on the outstanding
 
borrowings under the Credit Facility during both the first quarter of
 
2021
and as of March 31, 2021 was approximately 1.6%.
 
In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the
 
Credit Facility,
the Company is required to pay a commitment fee ranging
 
from 0.2% to 0.3% depending on the Company’s
 
consolidated net leverage
ratio to the lenders under the Revolver in respect
 
of the unutilized commitments thereunder.
 
The Credit Facility is subject to certain financial and
 
other covenants.
 
The Company’s initial consolidated
 
net debt to
consolidated adjusted EBITDA ratio could not exceed
 
4.25 to 1, with step downs in the permitted ratio over the
 
term of the Credit
Facility.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the consolidated net debt to consolidated
 
adjusted EBITDA ratio may not exceed 4.00 to 1.
 
The
Company’s consolidated
 
adjusted EBITDA to interest expense ratio may not be less than
 
3.0 to 1 over the term of the agreement.
 
The
Credit Facility also prohibits the payment of cash dividends
 
if the Company is in default or if the amount of the dividends
 
paid
annually exceeds the greater of $50.0 million and
 
20% of consolidated adjusted EBITDA unless the ratio of
 
consolidated net debt to
consolidated adjusted EBITDA is less than 2.0 to 1,
 
in which case there is no such limitation on amount.
 
As of March 31, 2021 and
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
28
December 31, 2020, the Company was in compliance with
 
all of the Credit Facility covenants.
 
The Term Loans
 
have quarterly
principal amortization during their five-year terms,
 
with 5.0% amortization of the principal balance due in years 1 and
 
2, 7.5% in year
3, and 10.0% in years 4 and 5, with the remaining principal
 
amount due at maturity.
 
The Credit Facility is guaranteed by certain of the
Company’s domestic subsidiaries
 
and is secured by first priority liens on substantially all of
 
the assets of the Company and the
domestic subsidiary guarantors, subject to certain customary exclusions.
 
The obligations of the Dutch borrower are guaranteed only
by certain foreign subsidiaries on an unsecured basis.
The Credit Facility required the Company to fix its variable
 
interest rates on at least 20% of its total Term
 
Loans.
 
In order to
satisfy this requirement as well as to manage the
 
Company’s exposure to variable
 
interest rate risk associated with the Credit Facility,
in November 2019, the Company entered into $170.0
 
million notional amounts of three-year interest rate swaps at a base
 
rate of
1.64% plus an applicable margin as provided
 
in the Credit Facility, based on
 
the Company’s consolidated net
 
leverage ratio.
 
At the
time the Company entered into the swaps, and as
 
of March 31, 2021, the aggregate interest rate on the swaps,
 
including the fixed base
rate plus an applicable margin, was 3.1%.
 
The Company capitalized $23.7 million of certain third-party
 
debt issuance costs in connection with executing the
 
Credit Facility.
 
Approximately $15.5 million of the capitalized costs were attributed
 
to the Term Loans and
 
recorded as a direct reduction of long-
term debt on the Company’s
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet.
 
Approximately $8.3 million of the capitalized costs were
 
attributed to the
Revolver and recorded within other assets on the Company’s
 
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
 
These capitalized costs are
being amortized into interest expense over the five-year
 
term of the Credit Facility.
 
As of March 31, 2021, the Company had Credit Facility borrowings
 
outstanding of $900.7 million.
 
As of December 31, 2020, the
Company had Credit Facility borrowings outstanding
 
of $887.1 million.
 
The Company has unused capacity under the Revolver of
approximately $204 million, net of bank letters of
 
credit of approximately $6 million, as of March 31, 2021.
 
The Company’s other
debt obligations are primarily industrial development
 
bonds, bank lines of credit and municipality-related loans, which
 
totaled $12.4
million and $12.1 million as of March 31, 2021 and
 
December 31, 2020, respectively.
 
Total unused capacity
 
under these
arrangements as of March 31, 2021 was approximately
 
$40 million.
 
The Company’s total net debt
 
as of March 31, 2021 was $749.6
million.
The Company estimates that it realized cost synergies
 
in the first quarter of 2021 of approximately $18 million compared to
approximately $10 million in the first quarter of 2020.
 
The Company continues to expect to realize Combination cost synergies
 
of
approximately $75 million in 2021 and $80 million in
 
2022.
 
The Company continues to expect to incur additional costs
 
and make
associated cash payments to integrate Quaker and Houghton
 
and continue realizing the Combination’s
 
total anticipated cost synergies.
 
The Company expects total cash payments, including
 
those pursuant to the QH Program, described below,
 
but excluding incremental
capital expenditures related to the Combination,
 
will be approximately 1.3 times its total anticipated 2022 cost
 
synergies of $80
million.
 
A significant portion of these costs were already incurred
 
in 2019, 2020 and the first quarter of 2021, but the Company
expects to continue to incur such costs throughout
 
the remainder of 2021.
 
The Company incurred $0.8 million of total Combination,
integration and other acquisition-related expenses in the
 
first quarter of 2021, which includes $0.4 million of accelerated
 
depreciation
and is net of a $5.4 million gain on the sale of certain
 
held-for-sale real property assets, described in
 
the Non-GAAP Measures section
of this Item below.
 
Comparatively, in the first
 
quarter of 2020, the Company incurred $8.3 million of
 
total Combination, integration
and other acquisition-related expenses, including $0.5
 
million of accelerated depreciation.
 
The Company had aggregate net cash
outflows of approximately $8.7 million related to the
 
Combination, integration and other acquisition-related expenses during
 
the first
three months of 2021 as compared to $8.3 million during
 
the first three months of 2020.
 
Quaker Houghton’s management
 
approved, and the Company initiated, a global restructuring
 
plan (the “QH Program”) in the
third quarter of 2019 as part of its planned cost synergies
 
associated with the Combination.
 
The QH Program includes restructuring
and associated severance costs to reduce total headcount
 
by approximately 400 people globally and plans for the closure
 
of certain
manufacturing and non-manufacturing facilities.
 
In connection with the plans for closure of certain manufacturing
 
and non-
manufacturing facilities, the Company made a decision
 
to make available for sale certain facilities during the second
 
quarter of 2020.
 
During the first quarter of 2021, certain of these facilities were
 
sold and the Company recognized a gain on disposal of $5.4 million
included within other income (expense), net on the Condensed
 
Consolidated Statement of Operations.
 
The exact timing and total
costs associated with the QH Program will depend
 
on a number of factors and is subject to change; however,
 
reductions in headcount
and site closures have continued into 2021.
 
The Company currently expects additional headcount reductions and
 
site closures to occur
into 2022 and estimates that the anticipated cost synergies
 
realized under the QH Program will approximate one-times restructuring
costs incurred.
 
The Company made cash payments related to the settlement of
 
restructuring liabilities under the QH Program during
the first three months of 2021 of approximately $1.2 million
 
compared to $4.9 million in the first three months of
 
2020.
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
29
As of March 31, 2021, the Company’s
 
gross liability for uncertain tax positions, including interest and
 
penalties, was $30.0
million.
 
The Company cannot determine a reliable estimate of the
 
timing of cash flows by period related to its uncertain tax position
liability.
 
However, should the entire liability
 
be paid, the amount of the payment may be reduced by up
 
to $7.5 million as a result of
offsetting benefits in other tax jurisdictions.
 
During the fourth quarter of 2020, one of the Company’s
 
subsidiaries received a notice of
inspection from a taxing authority in a country where certain
 
of its subsidiaries operate, which relate to a non-income
 
(indirect) tax
that may be applicable to certain products the subsidiary
 
sells.
 
To date, the Company
 
has not received any assessment from the
authority related to potential liabilities that may be due
 
from the Company’s subsidiary.
 
Consequently there is substantial uncertainty
with respect to the Company’s
 
ultimate liability with respect to this indirect tax.
 
See Note 19 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements in Item 1 of this Report.
The Company believes that its existing cash, anticipated
 
cash flows from operations and available additional liquidity
 
will be
sufficient to support its operating requirements
 
and fund its business objectives for at least the next twelve
 
months, including but not
limited to, payments of dividends to shareholders, costs related
 
to the Combination and integration, pension plan contributions,
 
capital
expenditures, other business opportunities (including
 
potential acquisitions) and other potential contingencies.
 
The Company’s
liquidity is affected by many factors, some
 
based on normal operations of our business and others related
 
to the impact of the
pandemic on our business and on global economic
 
conditions as well as industry uncertainties, which we cannot
 
predict.
 
We also
cannot predict economic conditions and industry downturns
 
or the timing, strength or duration of recoveries.
 
We may seek,
 
as we
believe appropriate, additional debt or equity financing
 
which would provide capital for corporate purposes, working
 
capital funding,
additional liquidity needs or to fund future growth opportunities, including
 
possible acquisitions and investments.
 
The timing and
amount of potential capital requirements cannot be
 
determined at this time and will depend on a number of factors,
 
including the
actual and projected demand for our products, specialty
 
chemical industry conditions, competitive factors, and the
 
condition of
financial markets, among others.
 
Non-GAAP Measures
The information in this Form 10-Q filing includes non-GAAP (unaudited)
 
financial information that includes EBITDA, adjusted
EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, non-GAAP operating
 
income, non-GAAP operating margin, non-GAAP
 
net income and non-
GAAP earnings per diluted share.
 
The Company believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide
 
meaningful supplemental
information as they enhance a reader’s understanding
 
of the financial performance of the Company,
 
are indicative of future operating
performance of the Company,
 
and facilitate a comparison among fiscal periods, as the
 
non-GAAP financial measures exclude items
that are not considered indicative of future operating performance
 
or not considered core to the Company’s
 
operations.
 
Non-GAAP
results are presented for supplemental informational
 
purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for the
 
financial
information presented in accordance with GAAP.
 
The Company presents EBITDA which is calculated as net income
 
(loss) attributable to the Company before depreciation and
amortization, interest expense, net, and taxes on income
 
(loss) before equity in net income of associated companies.
 
The Company
also presents adjusted EBITDA which is calculated as EBITDA
 
plus or minus certain items that are not considered indicative of
 
future
operating performance or not considered core to the Company’s
 
operations.
 
In addition, the Company presents non-GAAP operating
income which is calculated as operating income (loss) plus
 
or minus certain items that are not considered indicative of future operating
performance or not considered core to the Company’s
 
operations.
 
Adjusted EBITDA margin and non-GAAP operating
 
margin are
calculated as the percentage of adjusted EBITDA and
 
non-GAAP operating income to consolidated net sales, respectively.
 
The
Company believes these non-GAAP measures provide
 
transparent and useful information and are widely used by analysts, investors,
and competitors in our industry as well as by management
 
in assessing the operating performance of the Company on
 
a consistent
basis.
Additionally, the
 
Company presents non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP earnings
 
per diluted share as additional performance
measures.
 
Non-GAAP net income is calculated as adjusted EBITDA, defined
 
above, less depreciation and amortization, interest
expense, net, and taxes on income before equity in
 
net income of associated companies, in each case adjusted,
 
as applicable, for any
depreciation, amortization, interest or tax impacts resulting
 
from the non-core items identified in the reconciliation
 
of net income
attributable to the Company to adjusted EBITDA.
 
Non-GAAP earnings per diluted share is calculated as non
 
-GAAP net income per
diluted share as accounted for under the “two-class share
 
method.”
 
The Company believes that non-GAAP net income and non-
GAAP earnings per diluted share provide transparent
 
and useful information and are widely used by analysts, investors,
 
and
competitors in our industry as well as by management in
 
assessing the operating performance of the Company on a consistent
 
basis.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
30
The following tables reconcile the Company’s
 
non-GAAP financial measures (unaudited) to their most
 
directly comparable
GAAP (unaudited) financial measures (dollars in thousands unless
 
otherwise noted
 
except per share amounts):
Non-GAAP Operating Income and Margin Reconciliations
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2021
2020
Operating income (loss)
 
$
44,894
$
(12,444)
Houghton combination, integration and other acquisition
 
-related expenses (a)
6,230
8,276
Restructuring and related charges (b)
1,175
1,716
Fair value step up of acquired inventory sold (c)
801
CEO transition costs (d)
504
Inactive subsidiary's non-operating litigation costs (e)
51
Customer bankruptcy costs (f)
463
Indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment (g)
38,000
Non-GAAP operating income
$
53,655
$
36,011
Non-GAAP operating margin (%) (m)
12.5%
9.5%
 
EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and
Non-GAAP Net Income Reconciliations
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2021
2020
Net income (loss) attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation
$
38,615
$
(28,381)
Depreciation and amortization (a) (l)
22,448
21,584
Interest expense, net
5,470
8,461
Taxes on income
 
(loss) before equity in net income of associated companies
10,689
(13,070)
EBITDA
$
77,222
$
(11,406)
Equity (income) loss in a captive insurance company
 
(h)
(3,080)
327
Houghton combination, integration and other acquisition
 
-related expenses (a)
427
7,803
Restructuring and related charges (b)
1,175
1,716
Fair value step up of acquired inventory sold (c)
801
CEO transition costs (d)
504
Inactive subsidiary's non-operating litigation costs (e)
51
Customer bankruptcy costs (f)
463
Indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment (g)
38,000
Pension and postretirement benefit costs, non-service components
 
(i)
(124)
23,525
Currency conversion impacts of hyper-inflationary economies (j)
172
51
Adjusted EBITDA
$
77,148
$
60,479
Adjusted EBITDA margin (%) (m)
18.0%
16.0%
Adjusted EBITDA
$
77,148
$
60,479
Less: Depreciation and amortization - adjusted (a)
22,033
21,111
Less: Interest expense, net
5,470
8,461
Less: Taxes on income
 
before equity in net income of associated companies - adjusted
 
(a)(n)
11,739
6,463
Non-GAAP net income
$
37,906
$
24,444
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
31
Non-GAAP Earnings per Diluted Share Reconciliations
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2021
2020
GAAP earnings (loss) per diluted share attributable to Quaker
 
Chemical Corporation
 
 
common shareholders
$
2.15
$
(1.60)
Equity (income) loss in a captive insurance company
 
per diluted share (h)
(0.17)
0.02
Houghton combination, integration and other acquisition
 
-related expenses per diluted share (a)
0.04
0.36
Restructuring and related charges per diluted
 
share (b)
0.05
0.07
Fair value step up of acquired inventory sold per diluted
 
share (c)
0.03
CEO transition costs per diluted share (d)
0.02
Inactive subsidiary's non-operating litigation costs per
 
diluted share (e)
0.00
 
Customer bankruptcy costs per diluted share (f)
0.02
Indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment per diluted
 
share (g)
1.65
Pension and postretirement benefit costs, non-service components
 
per diluted share (i)
(0.00)
0.88
Currency conversion impacts of hyper-inflationary economies per
 
diluted share (j)
0.01
0.00
 
Impact of certain discrete tax items per diluted share (k)
(0.02)
(0.02)
Non-GAAP earnings per diluted share (o)
$
2.11
$
1.38
(a)
 
Houghton combination, integration and other acquisition-related
 
expenses include certain legal, financial, and other advisory
 
and
consultant costs incurred in connection with post-closing
 
integration activities including
 
internal control readiness and
remediation.
 
These costs are not indicative of the future operating performance
 
of the Company.
 
Approximately $0.1 million for
the three months ended March 31, 2021 of these pre
 
-tax costs were considered non-deductible for
 
the purpose of determining the
Company’s effective
 
tax rate, and, therefore, taxes on income before equity
 
in net income of associated companies - adjusted
reflects the impact of these items.
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020,
 
the Company recorded $0.4 million
and $0.5 million, respectively,
 
of accelerated depreciation related to certain of the Company’s
 
facilities, which is included in the
caption “Houghton combination, integration and other
 
acquisition-related expenses” in the reconciliation of operating
 
income
(loss) to non-GAAP operating income and included
 
in the caption “Depreciation and amortization” in the reconciliation
 
of net
income (loss) attributable to the Company to EBITDA, but
 
excluded from the caption “Depreciation and amortization – adjusted”
in the reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to non-GAAP net
 
income attributable to the Company.
 
During the three months ended
March 31, 2021, the Company recorded a $5.4 million gain
 
on the sale of certain held-for-sale real property
 
assets related to the
Combination which is included in the caption “Houghton,
 
combination, integration and other acquisition-related expenses” in
 
the
reconciliation of GAAP earnings (loss) per diluted
 
share attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation common
 
shareholders to
Non-GAAP earnings per diluted share as well as the reconciliation
 
of net income (loss) attributable to Quaker Chemical
Corporation to Adjusted EBITDA and Non-GAAP net
 
income.
 
 
(b)
 
Restructuring and related charges represents
 
the costs incurred by the Company associated with the QH
 
restructuring program
which was initiated in the third quarter of 2019 as part
 
of the Company’s plan
 
to realize cost synergies associated with the
Combination.
 
These costs are not indicative of the future operating performance
 
of the Company.
 
See Note 7 of Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which appears
 
in Item 1 of this Report.
 
(c)
 
Fair value step up of inventory sold relates to expenses associated
 
with selling inventory from acquired businesses which
 
was
adjusted to fair value as part of purchase accounting.
 
These increases in costs of goods sold (“COGS”) are not indicative
 
of the
future operating performance of the Company.
(d)
 
CEO transition costs represent the costs related to the
 
Company’s on-going search
 
for a new CEO in connection with the
previously announced executive transition planned for
 
the end of 2021.
 
These expenses are not indicative of the future operating
performance of the Company.
(e)
 
Inactive subsidiary’s
 
non-operating litigation costs represents the charges
 
incurred by an inactive subsidiary of the Company and
are a result of the termination of restrictions on insurance
 
settlement reserves as previously disclosed in the Company’s
 
2020
Form 10-K.
 
These charges are not indicative of the future operating
 
performance of the Company.
 
See Note 9 of Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which appears
 
in Item 1 of this Report.
(f)
 
Customer bankruptcy costs represent the costs associated with
 
a specific reserve for trade accounts receivable related to
 
a
customer who filed for bankruptcy protection. These expenses
 
are not indicative of the future operating performance
 
of the
Company.
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
32
(g)
 
Indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment represents the
 
non-cash charge taken to write down the value
 
of certain indefinite-
lived intangible assets associated with the Houghton
 
Combination.
 
The Company has no prior history of goodwill or intangible
asset impairments and this charge is not indicative
 
of the future operating performance of the Company.
 
See Note 14 of Notes to
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which appears
 
in Item 1 of this Report.
(h)
 
Equity (income) loss in a captive insurance company
 
represents the after-tax (income) loss attributable to the
 
Company’s interest
in Primex, Ltd. (“Primex”), a captive insurance company.
 
The Company holds a 32% investment in and has significant
 
influence
over Primex, and therefore accounts for this interest under
 
the equity method of accounting.
 
The income attributable to Primex is
not indicative of the future operating performance of the
 
Company and is not considered core to the Company’s
 
operations.
(i)
 
Pension and postretirement benefit costs, non-service components
 
represent the pre-tax, non-service component of the Company’s
pension and postretirement net periodic benefit cost in
 
each period.
 
These costs are not indicative of the future operating
performance of the Company.
 
The amount in the three months ended March 31, 2020
 
includes the $22.7 million settlement
charge for the Company’s
 
termination of the Legacy Quaker U.S. Pension Plan.
 
See Note 9 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements, which appears in Item 1 of this Report.
(j)
 
Currency conversion impacts of hyper-inflationary economies represents
 
the foreign currency remeasurement impacts associated
with the Company’s affiliates
 
whose local economies are designated as hyper-inflationary
 
under U.S. GAAP.
 
During both the
three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020,
 
the Company incurred non-deductible, pre-tax charges
 
related to the Company’s
Argentine affiliates.
 
The charges incurred related to the immediate recognition
 
of foreign currency remeasurement in the
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations associated with
 
these entities are not indicative of the future operating
performance of the Company.
 
See Note 1 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial
 
Statements, which appears in Item 1 of
this Report.
(k)
 
The impact of certain discrete tax items includes the impact
 
of changes in certain valuation allowances recorded on
 
certain of the
Company’s foreign
 
tax credits, changes in withholding rates and the associated impact
 
on previously accrued for distributions at
certain of the Company’s
 
Asia/Pacific subsidiaries as well as the offsetting
 
impact and amortization of a deferred tax benefit the
Company recorded in the fourth quarter of 2019 related
 
to an intercompany intangible asset transfer.
(l)
 
Depreciation and amortization for the three months
 
ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 included $0.3 million and
 
$0.4 million,
respectively, of
 
amortization expense recorded within equity in net income of
 
associated companies in the Company’s
 
Condensed
Consolidated Statement of Operations, which is attributable
 
to the amortization of the fair value step up for the Company’s
 
50%
interest in a Houghton joint venture in Korea as a result
 
of required purchase accounting.
(m)
 
The Company calculates adjusted EBITDA margin
 
and non-GAAP operating margin as the percentage
 
of adjusted EBITDA and
non-GAAP operating income to consolidated net sales.
(n)
 
Taxes on income
 
before equity in net income of associated companies – adjusted
 
presents the impact of any current and deferred
income tax expense (benefit), as applicable, of
 
the reconciling items presented in the reconciliation of net income (loss)
attributable to Quaker Chemical Corporation to adjusted
 
EBITDA, and was determined utilizing the applicable rates in the taxing
jurisdictions in which these adjustments occurred, subject
 
to deductibility.
 
Houghton combination, integration and other
acquisition-related expenses described in (a) resulted in
 
incremental taxes of $0.1 million and $2.0 million during the three
months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
 
Restructuring and related charges described in (b) resulted
 
in incremental
taxes of $0.2 million and $0.4
 
million during the three months ended March 31, 2021
 
and 2020,
 
respectively.
 
Fair value step up
of inventory sold described in (c) resulted in incremental
 
taxes of $0.2 million during the three months ending March 31,
 
2021.
 
CEO transition expenses described in (d) resulted
 
in incremental taxes of $0.1 million during the three months ended
 
March 31,
2021.
 
Inactive subsidiary litigation described in (e) resulted in incremental
 
taxes of less than $0.1 million during the three months
ended March 31, 2021.
 
Customer bankruptcy costs described in (f) resulted in incremental
 
taxes of $0.1 million during the three
months ended March 31, 2020.
 
Indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment described in
 
(g) resulted in incremental taxes of $8.7
million during the three months ended March 31, 2020.
 
Pension and postretirement benefit costs, non-service components
described in (i) resulted in a tax benefit of less than
 
$0.1 million and incremental taxes of $7.9 million for the three
 
months ended
March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
 
Tax impact of certain discrete
 
items described in (k) above resulted in a tax benefit of
$0.4 million during each of the three months ended March
 
31, 2021 and 2020.
(o)
 
The Company calculates non-GAAP earnings per diluted share
 
as non-GAAP net income attributable to the Company
 
per
weighted average diluted shares outstanding using the “two-class share
 
method” to calculate such in each given period.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company had no material off-balance
 
sheet items, as defined under Item 303(a)(4) of Regulation S-K as of
 
March 31, 2021.
The Company’s only
 
off-balance sheet items outstanding as of March 31,
 
2021 represented approximately $9 million of total bank
letters of credit and guarantees.
 
The bank letters of credit and guarantees are not significant to
 
the Company’s liquidity
 
or capital
resources.
 
See Note 15 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
 
in Item 1 of this Report.
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
33
Operations
Consolidated Operations Review – Comparison of the First Quarter
 
of 2021 with the First Quarter of 2020
Net sales were $429.8 million in the first quarter of 2021
 
compared to $378.6 million in the first quarter of 2020.
 
The net sales
increase of $51.2 million or 14% quarter-over-quarter
 
reflects a benefit from higher sales volumes of 5%, additional
 
net sales from
recent acquisitions of 3%, the positive impact from foreign
 
currency translation of 3% and increases in selling price and
 
product mix
of approximately 3%.
 
The increase in sales volumes compared to the first quarter
 
of 2020 was primarily due to improved end market
conditions and continued market share gains.
 
Additional net sales from acquisition primarily related to sales attributable
 
to Coral,
which the Company acquired in December 2020.
 
COGS were $273.6 million in the first quarter of 2021 compared
 
to $244.7 million in the first quarter of 2020.
 
The increase in
COGS of $28.9 million or 12% was driven by the associated
 
COGS on the increase in net sales as described above,
 
and, to a lesser
extent, an expense of $0.8 million associated with selling acquired
 
Coral inventory at its fair value described in the Non-GAAP
Measures section of this Item above.
 
Gross profit in the first quarter of 2021 increased $22.3
 
million or 17% from the first quarter of 2020, due primarily
 
to the
increase in net sales.
 
The Company’s reported gross margin
 
in the first quarter of 2021 was 36.3% compared to 35.4%
 
in the first
quarter of 2020.
 
The Company’s current
 
quarter gross margin includes the impact of the inventory
 
fair value step up described above.
Excluding this and other one-time increases to COGS including
 
accelerated depreciation in both periods, described in the Non-GAAP
Measures section of this Item above, the Company estimates that
 
its gross margins in the first quarters of 2021
 
and 2020 would have
been approximately 36.6% and 35.5%, respectively.
 
While the Company has experienced higher raw material costs beginning
 
in the
fourth quarter of 2020 and continuing into 2021,
 
the higher gross margin as compared to the prior year
 
first quarter was primarily
driven by the Company’s
 
continued execution of Combination-related logistics, procurement
 
and manufacturing cost savings
initiatives as well as the benefit of higher volumes in the
 
current quarter and the related impact from fixed manufacturing
 
costs.
 
SG&A in the first quarter of 2021 increased $5.6
 
million or 6% compared to the first quarter of 2020 due
 
primarily to additional
SG&A from acquisitions, increases due to foreign
 
currency translation and $0.5 million of CEO transition costs described
 
in the Non-
GAAP Measures section of this Item, above, partially
 
offset by lower travel expenses and a decrease in the
 
service component of the
Company’s pension and
 
postretirement benefits as a result of the first quarter of 2020
 
termination of its Legacy Quaker U.S. pension
plan.
 
During the first quarter of 2021 the Company incurred
 
$5.8 million of Combination, integration and other acquisition-related
expenses primarily for professional fees related to Houghton integration
 
and other acquisition-related activities.
 
Comparatively, the
Company incurred $7.9 million of expenses in the prior
 
year first quarter, primarily due
 
to various professional fees related to legal,
financial and other advisory and consultant expenses for integration
 
activities.
 
See the Non-GAAP Measures
 
section of this Item,
above.
The Company initiated a restructuring program during
 
the third quarter of 2019 as part of its global plan to realize cost
 
synergies
associated with the Combination that occurred during
 
2019 and 2020 and are expected to continue throughout 2021.
 
The Company
incurred restructuring and related charges for
 
reductions in headcount and site closures under this program of $1.2
 
million and $1.7
million during the first quarters of 2021 and 2020,
 
respectively.
 
See the Non-GAAP Measures section of this Item, above.
During the first quarter of 2020, the Company recorded
 
a $38.0 million non-cash impairment charge to write
 
down the value of
certain indefinite-lived intangible assets associated with the
 
Combination.
 
This non-cash impairment charge was related to certain
acquired Houghton trademarks and tradenames and
 
was primarily the result of the projected negative impacts of COVID-19
 
as of
March 31, 2020 on their estimated fair values.
 
There was no similar impairment charges recorded
 
during the first quarter of 2021.
Operating income in the first quarter of 2021 was
 
$44.9 million compared to an operating loss of $12.4 million
 
in the first quarter
of 2020.
 
Excluding Combination, integration and other acquisition-related
 
expenses, restructuring and related charges,
 
the indefinite-
lived intangible asset impairment charge, and
 
other expenses that are not indicative of the future operating
 
performance of the
Company described in the Non-GAAP Measures section of
 
this Item,
 
above, the Company’s current
 
quarter non-GAAP operating
income increased to $53.7 million compared to
 
$36.0 million in the prior year first quarter primarily due
 
to the increase in net sales
described above and the benefits from cost savings initiatives
 
related to the Combination.
 
The Company had other income, net, of $4.7 million
 
in the first quarter of 2021 compared to other expense, net of
 
$21.2 million
in the first quarter of 2020.
 
The quarter-over-quarter change was primarily due
 
to the first quarter of 2021 gain on the sale of certain
held-for-sale real property assets compared
 
to the first quarter of 2020 pension plan settlement charge
 
associated with the termination
of the Legacy Quaker U.S. Pension Plan.
 
See the Non-GAAP Measures section of this Item, above.
 
Partially offsetting these impacts
quarter-over-quarter were foreign currency transaction
 
losses of $1.5 million in the first quarter of 2021 compared
 
to foreign currency
transaction gains of $0.8 million in the first quarter of
 
2020.
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
34
Interest expense, net,
 
decreased $3.0 million
 
compared to the first
 
quarter of 2020, due
 
to a decline in
 
interest rates in the
 
current
period over the
 
first quarter of
 
2020, as the
 
weighted average interest
 
rate incurred
 
on outstanding borrowings
 
under the Company’
 
s
credit facility was less than 2% during the first quarter
 
of 2021 compared to approximately 3% during the first quarter
 
of 2020.
The Company’s effective
 
tax rates for the first quarters of 2021 and 2020 were an expense of
 
24.2% and a benefit of 31.1%,
respectively.
 
The Company’s effective
 
tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was impacted
 
by the sale of certain held-
for-sale real property assets related to the Combination
 
as well as certain U.S. tax law changes.
 
Comparatively, the
 
prior year first
quarter effective tax rate was impacted by the
 
tax effect of certain one-time pre-tax losses as well as certain tax
 
charges and benefits in
the current period including those related to changes
 
in foreign tax credit valuation allowances, tax law changes in a foreign
jurisdiction, and the tax impacts of the Company’s
 
termination of its Legacy Quaker U.S. Pension Plan and the
 
Houghton indefinite-
lived trademarks and tradename intangible asset impairment.
 
Excluding the impact of these items as well as all other non-core
 
items
in each quarter, described in
 
the Non-GAAP Measures section of this Item, above, the Company
 
estimates that its effective tax rates
for the first quarter of 2021 and 2020 would have been
 
approximately 25% and 22%, respectively.
 
This quarter-over-quarter increase
was largely driven by the impact of higher
 
pre-tax income in the current quarter as compared to the prior year
 
quarter on certain tax
adjustments as well as increased withholding taxes on
 
expected current year repatriated earnings.
 
The Company expects continued
volatility in its effective tax rates due to several
 
factors, including the timing of tax audits and the expiration
 
of applicable statutes of
limitations as they relate to uncertain tax positions,
 
the unpredictability of the timing and amount of certain incentives in various
 
tax
jurisdictions, the treatment of certain acquisition-related
 
costs and the timing and amount of certain share-based compensation
 
-related
tax benefits, among other factors.
Equity in net income of associated companies increased $4.5 million
 
in the first quarter of 2021 compared to the first quarter of
2020, primarily due to current quarter income from
 
the Company’s interest in
 
a captive insurance company compared to losses in the
prior year first quarter.
 
See the Non-GAAP Measures section of this Item, above.
 
In addition, the Company had higher earnings
quarter-over-quarter from the Company’s
 
50% interest in its joint venture in Korea.
 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest was less than
 
$0.1 million in both the first quarters of 2021 and 2020.
 
Foreign exchange negatively impacted the Company’s
 
first quarter of 2021 results by approximately 1% as higher
 
foreign
exchange transaction losses quarter-over-quarter
 
were partially offset by an aggregate positive impact from
 
foreign currency
translation on earnings.
Reportable Segments Review - Comparison of the First Quarter
 
of 2021 with the First Quarter of 2020
The Company’s reportable
 
segments reflect the structure of the Company’s
 
internal organization, the method by which the
Company’s resources are
 
allocated and the manner by which the chief operating decision
 
maker of the Company assesses its
performance.
 
The Company has four reportable segments: (i) Americas;
 
(ii) EMEA; (iii) Asia/Pacific; and (iv) Global Specialty
Businesses.
 
The three geographic segments are composed of the net
 
sales and operations in each respective region, excluding net
sales and operations managed globally by the Global
 
Specialty Businesses segment, which includes the Company’s
 
container, metal
finishing, mining, offshore, specialty coatings,
 
specialty grease and Norman Hay businesses.
 
Segment operating earnings for each of the Company’s
 
reportable segments are comprised of net sales less directly related
 
COGS
and SG&A.
 
Operating expenses not directly attributable to the net sales of
 
each respective segment,
 
such as certain corporate and
administrative costs, Combination, integration and other
 
acquisition-related expenses, and Restructuring and related
 
charges, are not
included in segment operating earnings.
 
Other items not specifically identified with the Company’s
 
reportable segments include
interest expense, net and other income (expense), net.
 
Americas
Americas represented approximately 31% of the Company’s
 
consolidated net sales in the first quarter of 2021.
 
The segment’s net
sales were $134.9 million, an increase of $5.0 million
 
or 4% compared to the first quarter of 2020.
 
The increase in net sales reflects
the inclusion of additional net sales from acquisitions, primarily
 
Coral.
 
Excluding net sales from acquisitions, the segment’s
 
net sales
were relatively flat compared to the prior year first quarter
 
as the increases from selling price and product mix of 2%
 
were offset by
the negative impacts of foreign currency transaction of
 
2%.
 
The foreign exchange impact was primarily due to the
 
weakening of the
Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar,
 
as this exchange rate averaged
 
5.46 in the first quarter of 2021 compared to 4.43 in the first
quarter of 2020.
 
This segment’s operating
 
earnings were $32.2 million, an increase of $3.0 million or 10%
 
compared to the first
quarter of 2020.
 
The increase in segment operating earnings reflects the higher net
 
sales described above coupled with a higher
current quarter gross margin, partially offset
 
by slightly higher SG&A, including SG&A from acquisitions.
 
 
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
35
EMEA
EMEA represented approximately 28% of the Company’s
 
consolidated net sales in the first quarter of 2021.
 
The segment’s net
sales were $119.8 million, an
 
increase of $15.0 million or 14% compared to the first quarter of 2020.
 
The increase in net sales was
driven by increases in volumes of 3%, a benefit from
 
selling price and product mix of 2%, additional set sales from acquisitions
 
of less
than 1% and a positive impact from foreign currency translation
 
of 8%.
 
The current quarter volume increase was driven by the
continued gradual economic rebound from the COVID-19
 
slowdown.
 
The foreign exchange impact was primarily due to the
strengthening of the euro against the U.S. dollar as this exchange
 
rate averaged 1.21 in the first quarter of 2021 compared to 1.10 in
the first quarter of 2020.
 
This segment’s operating earnings
 
were $25.2 million, an increase of $6.9 million or 38%
 
compared to the
first quarter of 2020.
 
The increase in segment operating earnings reflects the higher
 
net sales described above coupled with higher
current quarter gross margin and relatively
 
flat SG&A.
Asia/Pacific
Asia/Pacific represented approximately 23% of the
 
Company’s consolidated net
 
sales in the first quarter of 2021.
 
The segment’s
net sales were $96.7 million, an increase of $23.2 million
 
or 31% compared to the first quarter of 2020.
 
The increase in net sales
reflects increases in volumes of 28% and the positive impact
 
of foreign currency translation of 7% partially offset
 
by decreases in
selling price and product mix of 4%.
 
The increases in volume was primarily driven by the continued gradual
 
economic rebound from
the COVID-19 slowdown as the pandemic notably impacted
 
China during the first quarter of 2020.
 
The foreign exchange impact was
primarily due to the strengthening of the Chinese renminbi
 
against the U.S. dollar as this exchange rate averaged
 
6.48 in the first
quarter of 2021 compared to 6.98 in the first quarter of 2020.
 
This segment’s operating
 
earnings were $27.5 million, an increase of
$8.0 million or 41% compared to the first quarter of 2020.
 
The increase in segment operating earnings reflects the higher net
 
sales
described above on a relatively consistent gross margin
 
quarter-over-quarter.
 
These increases were partially offset by higher SG&A
which was driven by the segment’s
 
improved operating performance compared to the first quarter
 
of 2020.
Global Specialty Businesses
Global Specialty Businesses represented approximately
 
18% of the Company’s consolidated
 
net sales in the first quarter of 2021.
 
The segment’s net sales were
 
$78.4 million, an increase of $8.1 million or 12% compared
 
to the first quarter of 2020.
 
The increase in
net sales reflects the inclusion of additional net sales from
 
the Company’s Coral Chemical
 
acquisition.
 
Excluding net sales from
acquisitions, the segment’s
 
net sales would have increased 6% quarter-over-quarter
 
driven by increases in selling price and product
mix, including Norman Hay,
 
of approximately 20% and the positive impact from foreign
 
currency translation of 2%, partially offset
by decreases in volumes of 16%.
 
The foreign exchange impact was primarily due to the
 
strengthening of the euro against the U.S.
dollar described in the EMEA section above, partially
 
offset by the weakening of the Brazilian real against
 
the U.S. dollar described in
the Americas section, above.
 
Both the changes in selling price and product mix and
 
sales volume were primarily driven by higher
shipments of a lower priced product in the Company’s
 
mining business in the prior year,
 
without the impact of this mining business
item, this segment’s volumes
 
would have been relatively consistent quarter-over-quarter.
 
This segment’s operating
 
earnings were
$24.2 million, an increase of $3.6 million or 18% compared
 
to the first quarter of 2020.
 
The increase in segment operating earnings
reflects the higher net sales described above coupled
 
with higher current quarter gross margin and relatively
 
flat SG&A.
Factors That May Affect Our Future Results
(Cautionary Statements Under the Private Securities
 
Litigation Reform Act of 1995)
Certain information included in this Report and other
 
materials filed or to be filed by Quaker Chemical Corporation
 
with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) (as well as information
 
included in oral statements or other written statements made
 
or
to be made by us) contain or may contain forward-looking
 
statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act
 
of
1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange
 
Act of 1934, as amended.
 
These statements can be identified by the
fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or
 
current facts.
 
We have based
 
these forward-looking
 
statements, including statements
regarding the potential effects of the COVID-19
 
pandemic on the Company’s
 
business, results of operations, and financial condition
 
,
our expectation that we will maintain sufficient
 
liquidity and remediate any of our material weaknesses in internal
 
control over
financial reporting on our current expectations about
 
future events, and statements regarding the impact of increased
 
raw material
costs and pricing initiatives.
 
These forward-looking statements include statements with respect
 
to our beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations,
anticipations, intentions, financial condition, results of operations,
 
future performance, and business, including:
 
 
the potential benefits of the Combination and other acquisitions;
 
 
the impacts on our business as a result of the COVID-19
 
pandemic and any projected global economic rebound
 
or
anticipated positive results due to Company actions taken
 
in response to the pandemic;
 
our current and future results and plans; and
 
 
statements that include the words “may,”
 
“could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,”
“intend,” “plan” or similar expressions.
 
Quaker Chemical Corporation
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
 
36
Such statements include information relating to current and
 
future business activities, operational matters, capital spending,
 
and
financing sources.
 
From time to time, forward-looking statements are also included in
 
the Company’s other periodic
 
reports on Forms
10-K, 10-Q and 8-K, press releases, and other materials released
 
to, or statements made to, the public.
Any or all of the forward-looking statements in this Report,
 
in the Company’s Annual
 
Report to Shareholders for 2020 and in any
other public statements we make may turn out to be wrong.
 
This can occur as a result of inaccurate assumptions
 
or as a consequence
of known or unknown risks and uncertainties.
 
Many factors discussed in this Report will be important in determining
 
our future
performance.
 
Consequently, actual results may
 
differ materially from those that might be anticipated
 
from our forward-looking
statements.
We undertake
 
no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements,
 
whether as a result of new information, future
events or otherwise.
 
However, any further disclosures made
 
on related subjects in the Company’s
 
subsequent reports on Forms 10-K,
10-Q, 8-K and other related filings should be consulted.
 
A major risk is that demand for the Company’s
 
products and services is
largely derived from the demand for our customers’
 
products, which subjects the Company to uncertainties related
 
to downturns in a
customer’s business and unanticipated customer
 
production shutdowns,
 
including as is currently being experienced
 
by many
automotive industry companies.
 
Other major risks and uncertainties include, but
 
are not limited to, the primary and secondary impacts
of the COVID-19 pandemic, including actions taken
 
in response to the pandemic by various governments, which could
 
exacerbate
some or all of the other risks and uncertainties faced by the
 
Company, including
 
the potential for significant increases in raw material
costs, supply chain disruptions, customer financial instability,
 
worldwide economic and political disruptions,
 
foreign currency
fluctuations, significant changes in applicable tax
 
rates and regulations, future terrorist attacks and other acts of
 
violence.
 
Furthermore, the Company is subject to the same business
 
cycles as those experienced by our customers in the
 
steel, automobile,
aircraft, industrial equipment, and durable goods industries.
 
The ultimate impact of COVID-19 on our business will depend
 
on,
among other things, the extent and duration of the pandemic, the
 
severity of the disease and the number of people infected with
 
the
virus, the continued uncertainty regarding global
 
availability, administration
 
,
 
acceptance and long-term efficacy of vaccines, or other
treatments for
 
COVID-19 or its variants,
 
the longer-term effects on the economy by the pandemic,
 
including the resulting market
volatility, and
 
by the measures taken by governmental authorities and other
 
third parties restricting day-to-day life and business
operations and the length of time that such measures
 
remain in place,
 
as well as laws and other governmental programs implemented
to address the pandemic or assist impacted businesses, such
 
as fiscal stimulus and other legislation designed to deliver
 
monetary aid
and other relief.
 
Other factors could also adversely affect us, including
 
those related to the Combination and other acquisitions and the
integration of acquired businesses.
 
Our forward-looking statements are subject to risks,
 
uncertainties and assumptions about the
Company and its operations that are subject to change based
 
on various important factors, some of which are beyond
 
our control.
 
These risks, uncertainties, and possible inaccurate assumptions
 
relevant to our business could cause our actual results
 
to differ
materially from expected and historical results.
 
Therefore, we caution you not to place undue reliance
 
on our forward-looking statements.
 
For more information regarding these
risks and uncertainties as well as certain additional
 
risks that we face, refer to the Risk Factors section, which appears
 
in Item 1A in
our 2020 Form 10-K and in our quarterly and other reports
 
filed from time to time with the SEC.
 
This discussion is provided as
permitted by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act
 
of 1995.
Quaker Houghton on the Internet
 
Financial results, news and other information about
 
Quaker Houghton can be accessed from the Company’s
 
website at
https://www.quakerhoughton.com
 
.
 
This site includes important information on the Company’s
 
locations, products and services,
financial reports, news releases and career opportunities.
 
The Company’s periodic
 
and current reports on Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, and
other filings, including exhibits and supplemental
 
schedules filed therewith, and amendments to those reports, filed with
 
the SEC are
available on the Company’s
 
website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably
 
practicable after they are electronically filed with or
furnished to the SEC.
 
Information contained on, or that may be accessed through,
 
the Company’s website is not
 
incorporated by
reference in this Report and, accordingly,
 
you should not consider that information part of this Report.
 
37
Item 3.
 
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
 
Risk.
 
We have evaluated
 
the information required under this Item that was disclosed in Part II,
 
Item 7A, of our Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, and we
 
believe there has been no material change to that information.
 
 
38
Item 4.
 
Controls and Procedures.
 
Evaluation of disclosure controls
 
and procedures.
 
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange
 
Act of 1934, as
amended (the “Exchange Act”), our management,
 
including our principal executive officer and principal financial
 
officer, has
evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure
 
controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the
 
Exchange Act ) as of the
end of the period covered by this Report.
 
Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer
 
and our principal financial officer
have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by
 
this Report, our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined
 
in Rule
13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were not effective
 
as of March 31, 2021 because of the material weaknesses in
 
our internal control
over financial reporting, as described below.
As previously disclosed in “Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.”
 
in the Company’s 2020
 
Form 10-K, through the process of
evaluating risks and corresponding changes to the
 
design of existing or the implementation of new controls
 
in light of the significant
non-recurring transactions that occurred during 2019,
 
including the Combination, the Company identified certain deficiencies in
 
its
application of the principles associated with the Committee
 
of Sponsoring Organization of the Treadway
 
Commission in Internal
Control – Integrated Framework (2013) that management
 
has concluded in the aggregate constitute a material weakness.
 
A material
weakness is a deficiency,
 
or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting,
 
such that there is a reasonable
possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim
 
financial statements
 
will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
 
We did not
 
design and maintain effective controls in response to the
 
risks of material misstatement.
 
Specifically, changes to existing
controls or the implementation of new controls were not
 
sufficient to respond to changes to the risks of material
 
misstatement in
financial reporting as a result of becoming a larger,
 
more complex global organization due to the Combination.
 
This material
weakness also contributed to an additional material weakness as we did
 
not design and maintain effective controls
 
over the review of
pricing, quantity and customer data to verify that revenue
 
recognized was complete and accurate.
 
These material weaknesses did not
result in material misstatements to the interim or annual
 
consolidated financial statements.
 
However, these material weaknesses could
result in misstatements to our account balances and disclosures
 
that could result in a material misstatement to the interim
 
or annual
consolidated financial statements that would not be
 
prevented or detected.
Notwithstanding these material weaknesses, the Company
 
has concluded that the unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements included in this Report present fairly,
 
in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of
 
March 31, 2021
and December 31, 2020, and that the results of its operations
 
and its cash flows and changes in equity for both the
 
three month periods
ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, are in conformity
 
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
 
Progress on Remediation
 
of Material Weaknesses
The Company and its Board of Directors, including the
 
Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, are committed to maintaining
a strong internal control environment.
 
Since identifying the material weaknesses, the Company
 
has dedicated a significant amount of
time and resources to remediate all of the previously identified
 
material weaknesses as quickly and effectively
 
as possible. In 2020, the
Company dedicated multiple internal resources and
 
supplemented those internal resources with various third-party specialists to
 
assist
with the formalization of a robust and detailed remediation
 
plan.
 
In undertaking remediation activities, the Company has hired
additional personnel dedicated to financial and information
 
technology compliance to further supplement its internal
 
resources.
 
In
addition, the Company has established a global network
 
of personnel to assist local management in understanding control performance
and documentation requirements.
 
In order to sustain this network, the Company conducts periodic
 
trainings and hosts discussions to
address questions on a current basis.
 
However, the impact of COVID-19,
 
including travel restrictions and remote work arrangements
required the Company to adapt and make changes to its internal
 
controls integration plans as well as its remediation
 
plans, and has
presented and is expected to continue to present challenges
 
with regards to the timing of the Company’s
 
remediation and integration
plan activities.
 
Despite the challenges brought on by COVID-19 and
 
driven by the Company’s
 
priority of creating a long-term sustainable control
structure to ensure stability for a company that has more
 
than doubled in size since August 2019, the Company continues
 
to make
substantial strides towards remediating the underlying
 
causes of the previously disclosed material weaknesses in our
 
risk assessment
process and within our revenue process, as further discussed
 
below.
Risk Assessment –
 
We previously determined
 
that our risk assessment process was not designed adequately
 
to respond to changes
to the risks of material misstatement to financial rep
 
orting.
 
In order to remediate this material weakness, we have designed
 
and
implemented an improved risk assessment process, including
 
identifying and assessing those risks attendant to the
 
significant changes
within the Company as a result of becoming a larger,
 
more complex global organization due to the
 
Combination.
 
During 2020, a full
review was performed of our processes and controls across
 
significant locations in order to identify and address potential
 
design gaps.
 
In addition to individual transactional-level control
 
enhancements, this review resulted in (i) an enhanced financial
 
statement risk
assessment, (ii) the standardization of existing legal entity
 
and newly implemented segment quarterly analytics and
 
quarterly closing
packages completed by key financial reporting personnel, (iii) a
 
global account reconciliation review program and (iv)
 
enhancements
to our quarterly identification and reassessment of new and
 
existing business and information technology risks that could
 
affect our
financial reporting.
 
Monitoring is also performed through our enhanced quarterly
 
controls certification process, whereby changes in
business or information technology processes or control
 
owners are identified and addressed timely.
 
Although we have implemented
 
39
and tested the additional controls as noted in our remediation
 
plan and found them to be effective, this material
 
weakness will not be
considered remediated due to the Revenue – Price and
 
Quantity material weakness, discussed below.
 
Once the Revenue – Price and
Quantity material weakness is remediated, we expect
 
the Risk Assessment material weakness will also be remediated.
 
Revenue – Price and Quantity –
We previously
 
determined that we did not design and maintain effective
 
controls over the review
of pricing, quantity and customer data to verify that revenue
 
recognized was complete and accurate.
 
In order to remediate this
material weakness, the Company made significant progress
 
in its redesign of certain aspects of its revenue process and related
controls.
 
The Company has identified and agreed upon design enhancements
 
and requirements for each revenue sub-process.
 
The
design includes enhancements to entity-level and transactional
 
-level manual controls as well as IT general and application
 
controls
and the Company is in the process of implementing
 
these design changes both centrally and locally.
 
However, because the additional
controls have not been fully implemented and tested, this
 
material weakness is not yet remediated.
 
This existing material weakness
will not be considered remediated until the applicable
 
remedial controls have been fully implemented and operate
 
for a sufficient
period of time and management has concluded, through
 
testing, that the controls are operating effectively.
 
Given the significant resources the Company has dedicated
 
to remediation of its material weaknesses, the Company is committed
to remediation and expects that in 2021 it will successfully implement
 
the enhanced design of its revenue processes and have a
sufficient operational effectiveness period
 
to evidence remediation over its price and quantity material weakness
 
and, concurrently,
evidence remediation over its risk assessment material weakness
 
in 2021 as well.
 
 
Changes in internal control over financial
 
reporting.
 
As required by Rule 13a-15(d) under the Exchange Act,
 
our
management, including our principal executive officer
 
and principal financial officer, has evaluated
 
our internal control over
financial reporting to determine whether any changes
 
to our internal control over financial reporting occurred during
 
the
quarter ended March 31, 2021 that have materially affec
 
ted, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our
 
internal control
over financial reporting.
 
Based on that evaluation, there were no changes that have materially
 
affected, or are reasonably
likely to materially affect, our internal control
 
over financial reporting during the quarter ended March
 
31, 2021.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40
PART
 
II.
 
OTHER INFORMATION
Items 3, 4 and 5 of Part II are inapplicable and have been
 
omitted.
Item 1.
 
Legal Proceedings.
 
Incorporated by reference is the information in Note
 
19 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial
 
Statements in Part
I, Item 1, of this Report.
Item 1A.
 
Risk Factors.
 
In addition to the other information set forth in this Report,
 
you should carefully consider the risk factors previously disclosed
 
in
Part I, Item 1A of our 2020 Form 10-K, which includes the
 
on-going risk and uncertainty related to the outbreak of
 
COVID-19 and its
impact on business and economic conditions.
 
The risks associated with COVID-19 and the other risks described
 
in our 2020 Form
 
10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and
 
uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to
 
be
immaterial may also materially and adversely affect
 
our business, financial condition or operating results.
Item 2.
 
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of
 
Proceeds.
The following table sets forth information concerning
 
shares of the Company’s
 
common stock acquired by the Company during
the period covered by this Report:
(c)
(d)
Total
 
Number of
Approximate Dollar
(a)
(b)
Shares Purchased
 
Value of
 
Shares that
Total
 
Number
Average
as part of
May Yet
 
be
of Shares
Price Paid
Publicly Announced
Purchased Under the
Period
Purchased (1)
Per Share (2)
Plans or Programs
Plans or Programs (3)
January 1 - January 31
$
$
86,865,026
 
February 1 - February 28
4,595
 
$
284.56
 
$
86,865,026
 
March 1 - March 31
45
 
$
240.55
 
$
86,865,026
 
Total
4,640
 
$
284.14
 
$
86,865,026
 
 
(1)
 
All of these shares were acquired from employees upon
 
their surrender of Quaker Chemical Corporation shares in payment
 
of
the exercise price of employee stock options exercised or
 
for the payment of taxes upon exercise of employee stock
 
options
or the vesting of restricted stock.
(2)
 
The price paid for shares acquired from employees pursuant
 
to employee benefit and share-based compensation
 
plans is, in
each case, based on the closing price of the Company’s
 
common stock on the date of exercise or vesting as specified by the
plan pursuant to which the applicable option or restricted
 
stock was granted.
(3)
 
On May 6, 2015, the Board of Directors of the Company
 
approved, and the Company announced, a share repurchase
program, pursuant to which the Company is authorized
 
to repurchase up to $100,000,000 of Quaker Chemical Corporation
common stock (the “2015 Share Repurchase Program”),
 
and it has no expiration date.
 
There were no shares acquired by the
Company pursuant to the 2015 Share Repurchase Program
 
during the quarter ended March 31, 2021.
Limitation on the Payment of Dividends
The New Credit Facility has certain limitations on the
 
payment of dividends and other so-called restricted
 
payments. See Note 15
of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements,
 
in Part I, Item 1, of this Report.
 
 
 
 
41
Item 6.
 
Exhibits.
 
(a) Exhibits
3.1
3.2
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy
 
Extension Schema Document*
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy
 
Calculation Linkbase Document*
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy
 
Definition Linkbase Document*
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy
 
Label Linkbase Document*
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy
 
Presentation Linkbase Document*
104
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and
 
contained in Exhibit 101.INS)*
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
† Management contract or compensatory plan.
 
 
*********
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange
 
Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
 
its
behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
 
 
QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
/s/ Shane W.
 
Hostetter________________________________
Date: May 6, 2021
 
 
 
Shane W.
 
Hostetter,
 
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer (officer duly authorized on behalf of, and principal
financial officer of, the Registrant)