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QUANTRX BIOMEDICAL CORP - Quarter Report: 2009 March (Form 10-Q)


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES              
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009
OR
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _________to_________

Commission File No. 0-17119

QUANTRX BIOMEDICAL CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Nevada
 
33-0202574
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization)
 
Identification Number)

100 S. Main Street, Suite 300, Doylestown, PA 18901
 (Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

(267) 880-1595
 (Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes ¨ No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  ¨ Yes ¨ No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large accelerated filer ¨
Accelerated filer ¨
   
Non-accelerated filer ¨
Smaller reporting company x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  ¨ Yes x No
 
The number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s common stock as of May 6, 2008 was 43,067,630.

 

 

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
     
ITEM 1.
Financial Statements
 
     
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2009 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2008
4
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008
5
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008
6
     
 
Condensed Notes to (Unaudited) Consolidated Financial Statements
7
     
ITEM 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
30
     
ITEM 4T.
Controls and Procedures
35
   
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
 
     
ITEM 1.
Legal Proceedings
36
     
ITEM 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities; and Use of Proceeds
36
     
ITEM 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
36
     
ITEM 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
36
     
ITEM 5.
Other Information
37
     
ITEM 6.
Exhibits
37
     
Signatures
 
38

 
2

 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
 
THIS QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q, INCLUDING EXHIBITS HERETO, CONTAINS FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 27A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND SECTION 21E OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED.  THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE TYPICALLY IDENTIFIED BY THE WORDS “ANTICIPATES,” “BELIEVES,” “EXPECTS,” “INTENDS,” “FORECASTS,” “PLANS,” “ESTIMATES,” “MAY,” “FUTURE,” “STRATEGY,” OR WORDS OF SIMILAR MEANING.  VARIOUS FACTORS COULD CAUSE ACTUAL RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE EXPRESSED IN THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS; INCLUDING THOSE DESCRIBED IN “RISK FACTORS” IN OUR ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-KSB FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007.  WE ASSUME NO OBLIGATIONS TO UPDATE THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS TO REFLECT NEW INFORMATION, ACTUAL RESULTS, CHANGES IN ASSUMPTIONS, OR CHANGES IN OTHER FACTORS, EXCEPT AS REQUIRED BY LAW.

 
3

 

ITEM 1.             Financial Statements
 
QUANTRX BIOMEDICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

   
March 31,
2009
   
December 31,
2008
 
   
(unaudited)
       
ASSETS
           
Current Assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 370,759     $ 66,226  
Accounts receivable
    66,070       45,760  
Interest receivable, net of allowance for bad debt of $14,000
    -       -  
Interest receivable – related party
    35,689       31,689  
Inventories
    38,702       40,138  
Prepaid expenses
    165,805       189,049  
Note receivable, net of allowance for bad debt of $200,000
    -       -  
Note receivable – related party
    200,000       200,000  
Deferred finance costs, net
    -       8,693  
Deposits
    175,000       104,146  
Total Current Assets
    1,052,025       685,701  
                 
Investments
    200,000       200,000  
Property and equipment, net
    471,320       496,206  
Intangible assets, net
    1,967,195       2,012,097  
Security deposits
    11,093       10,667  
Total Assets
  $ 3,701,633     $ 3,404,671  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
               
Current Liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 2,370,620     $ 2,205,661  
Accrued expenses
    387,619       298,692  
Deferred revenue, current
    42,115       58,781  
Short-term convertible notes payable, net of discount
    2,936,422       2,510,054  
Short-term secured promissory notes payable
    320,000       350,000  
Short-term promissory notes payable, net of discount
    1,196,237       1,061,278  
Liability for subsidiary stock subscriptions
    350,000       -  
Security deposits
    2,000       2,000  
Loans payable, current position
    2,891       5,731  
Total Current Liabilities
    7,607,904       6,492,197  
Notes payable, long-term portion
    44,000       44,000  
Total Liabilities
    7,651,904       6,536,197  
                 
Commitments and Contingencies
               
Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit):
               
Preferred stock; $0.01 par value, 25,000,000 authorized Series A shares; no shares issued and outstanding
    -       -  
Common stock; $0.01 par value; 75,000,000 authorized; 43,067,630 and 42,886,380 shares issued and outstanding
    430,676       428,863  
Additional paid-in capital
    41,978,570       41,549,234  
Accumulated deficit
    (46,249,749 )     (45,109,623 )
Total QuantRx Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
    (3,840,503 )     (3,131,526 )
Noncontrolling Interest Deficit in Subsidiary
    (109,768 )     -  
Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
    (3,950,271 )     (3,131,526 )
                 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
  $ 3,701,633     $ 3,404,671  
 
The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.
 
 
4

 

QUANTRX BIOMEDICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS


   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
(unaudited)
   
(unaudited)
 
Revenues
  $ 159,488     $ 92,172  
                 
Costs and Operating Expenses:
               
Cost of goods sold (excluding depreciation and amortization)
    1,351       3,932  
Sales and marketing
    159       52,627  
General and administrative
    721,344       683,644  
Professional fees
    95,050       323,068  
Research and development
    235,000       477,012  
Amortization
    44,901       44,742  
Depreciation
    24,888       26,785  
Total Costs and Operating Expenses
    1,122,693       1,611,810  
                 
Loss from Operations
    (963,205 )     (1,519,638 )
                 
Other Income (Expense):
               
Interest and dividend income
    5,134       6,645  
Interest expense
    (178,961 )     (43,117 )
Rental income
    5,870       6,320  
Amortization of debt discount to interest expense
    (144,044 )     (33,938 )
Amortization of deferred financing costs to interest expense
    (8,693 )     (28,722 )
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    -       (439,445 )
Loss on disposition of fixed assets
    -       (1,787 )
Total Other Income (Expense), net
    (320,694 )     (534,044 )
                 
Loss Before Taxes
    (1,283,899 )     (2,053,682 )
                 
Provision for Income Taxes
    -       -  
                 
Net Loss
    (1,283,899 )     (2,053,682 )
                 
Net Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary
    143,773       36,441  
                 
Net Loss Attributable to QuantRx
  $ (1,140,126 )   $ (2,017,241 )
                 
Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Common Share
  $ (0.03 )   $ (0.05 )
                 
Basic and Diluted Weighted Average Shares Used in per Share Calculation
    42,936,519       41,699,681  

The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

 
5

 

QUANTRX BIOMEDICAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
(unaudited)
   
(unaudited)
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
Net loss
  $ (1,140,126 )   $ (2,017,241 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    69,789       71,527  
Interest expense related to amortization of non-cash discount, non-cash beneficial conversion feature and deferred financing costs
    152,737       62,660  
Expenses related to employee stock based compensation
    293,746       158,547  
Expenses related to stock options issued to non-employees
    12,608       1,875  
Expenses related to common stock warrants issued for consulting
    416       20,312  
Non-cash fair value of warrants and options issued for consulting
    -       79,415  
Non-cash incremental fair value of modified warrants issued for interest
    6,250       -  
Non-cash fair value of warrants issued for interest
    39,000       -  
Non-cash fair value of common stock issued for interest
    39,000       -  
Loss on extinguishment of debt
    -       439,445  
Loss on disposition of fixed assets
    -       1,787  
Issuance of convertible notes for accrued interest
    66,416       6,301  
Noncontrolling interest
    (143,773 )     (36,441 )
(Increase) decrease in:
               
Accounts receivable
    (20,310 )     (28,836 )
Interest receivable
    (4,000 )     (4,039 )
Inventories
    1,436       (3,129 )
Prepaid expenses
    23,244       (29,315 )
Deposits
    4,146       1,228  
Security deposits
    (426 )     -  
Increase (decrease) in:
               
Accounts payable
    164,959       301,533  
Accrued expenses
    88,927       (36,233 )
Deferred revenue
    (16,666 )     -  
                 
Net Cash Used by Operating Activities
    (362,627 )     (1,010,604 )
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Cash paid for purchases of fixed assets
    -       (4,394 )
Cash paid for deposit on asset acquisition
    (75,000 )     -  
Cash paid for licensing agreement
    -       (20,000 )
Cash paid for capitalized website development costs
    -       (600 )
                 
Net Cash Used by Investing Activities
    (75,000 )     (24,994 )
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Proceeds from issuance of promissory notes
    115,000       -  
Proceeds from issuance of senior secured convertible notes, net of legal fees of $0 and $7,500
    325,000       992,500  
Payments of senior secured promissory notes
    (30,000 )     -  
Payments of promissory notes
    (15,000 )     -  
Payments on loan payable used to finance equipment purchase
    (2,840 )     (2,650 )
Cash received for subsidiary stock subscriptions
    350,000       -  
Payment of payables related to fixed asset purchases
    -       (10,798 )
                 
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
    742,160       979,052  
                 
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    304,533       (56,546 )
                 
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period
    66,226       213,332  
                 
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period
  $ 370,759     $ 156,786  
                 
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures:
               
Interest expense paid in cash
  $ 9,135     $ 1,123  
Income tax paid
  $ -     $ -  
                 
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Activities Financing and Investing Activities:
               
Fair value of warrants issued to placement agents for debt financing costs
  $ -     $ 55,750  
Fair value of common stock issued with senior secured convertible notes
    29,105       -  
Fair value of warrants issued with senior secured convertible notes
    15,649       122,036  
Fair value of beneficial conversion feature embedded in senior secured convertible notes
    6,325       647,760  
Fair value of warrants issued with promissory notes
    23,054       -  
Increase in payables related to purchase of fixed assets
    -       8,803  
Increase in payables related to license acquisition
    -       8,715  
Increase in payables for debt financing costs
    -       70,000  

The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

 
6

 

QUANTRX BIOMEDICAL CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2009

 
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
 
QuantRx Biomedical Corporation was incorporated on December 5, 1986, in the State of Nevada. The Company’s principal business office is located at 100 South Main Street, Suite 300, Doylestown, Pennsylvania. QuantRx also has a research and development facility in Portland, Oregon.
 
QuantRx is a diagnostics company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative diagnostic products for the Point-of-Care (POC) markets based on its patented technology platforms for the worldwide healthcare industry. These platforms include: RapidSense® point-of-care testing products based on QuantRx core intellectual property related to lateral flow techniques for the consumer and healthcare professional markets; and PAD technology for the consumer markets for the treatment of hemorrhoids, minor vaginal infection, urinary incontinence, and other medical needs. Additionally, the Company has made significant investments in a company developing Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) chips, genome-based diagnostic chips for the next generation of genomic and proteomic diagnostic markets; and molecular imaging agents for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and fluorescence imaging with initial application in cardiovascular disease, to provide clinical support for the Company’s POC cardiac diagnostics.
 
The Company’s overall growth strategy is to: (i) leverage its broad-based IP and patent portfolio to develop new and innovative diagnostic products; (ii) commercialize products through corporate partners and distributors; and (iii) contract manufacturing to third parties while maintaining control over the manufacturing process.
 
The interim consolidated financial statements are unaudited; however, in the opinion of management, they include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of financial position and results of operations for the periods reported.  The interim financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although QuantRx believes that the disclosures included herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of future results. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes to financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiary, FluoroPharma, Inc. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. See Notes 2 and 15 for additional information. When used in these notes, the terms “Company,” “we,” “our,” “ours,” or “us” mean QuantRx Biomedical Corporation, a Nevada corporation, and its subsidiary.

 
7

 

1.
Management Statement Regarding Going Concern
 
The Company has not generated sufficient revenues from operations to meet its operating expenses. For this reason, the Company has historically financed its operations primarily through issuances of equity and the proceeds of debt instruments. In the past, the Company has also provided for its cash needs by issuing common stock, options and warrants for certain operating costs, including consulting and professional fees. The Company’s board is contemplating additional cost reduction efforts to allow additional time to secure required funding.
 
Management believes that given our current cash position, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We are actively pursuing various funding options, including equity offerings, debt financing, strategic corporate alliances, and business combinations, to obtain additional financing to continue the development of our products and bring them to commercial markets. The Company is currently negotiating several potential transactions; however, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to raise additional capital. Additionally, certain of our debt instruments contain certain covenants which could limit our ability to issue additional debt. Should we be unable to acquire necessary waivers from certain of our existing note holders or raise adequate financing or generate sufficient revenue in the future, the Company’s business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition would be materially and adversely harmed.
 
The Company believes that the successful growth and operation of its business is dependent upon its ability to do any or all of the following:
 
·
obtain adequate sources of debt or equity financing to pay operating expenses and fund long-term business operations;
 
 
·
manage or control working capital requirements by reducing operating expenses;
 
 
·
develop new and enhance existing relationships with product distributors and other points of distribution for the Company’s products; and
 
 
·
seek potential mergers or acquisitions that could be expected to generate positive cash flow for the Company upon consummation, assuming appropriate financing structures are available on acceptable terms in order to effect such acquisitions.
 
There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in achieving its long-term plans as set forth above, or that such plans, if consummated, will enable the Company to obtain profitable operations or continue in the long-term as a going concern.
 
2.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Accounting for Share-Based Payments
 
QuantRx follows the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payments.”  SFAS No. 123(R) establishes the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges equity securities for services and requires companies to expense the estimated fair value of these awards over the requisite service period.  QuantRx uses the Black-Scholes method in determining fair value.  Accordingly, compensation cost has been recognized using the fair value method and expected term accrual requirements as prescribed in SFAS No. 123(R), which resulted in employee stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, of $293,746 and $158,547, respectively (including $66,267 and $6,896 relating to subsidiary options in 2009 and 2008).

 
8

 
 
In the case of modifications, the Black-Scholes model is used to value the warrant on the modification date by applying the revised assumptions. The difference between the fair value of the warrants prior to the modification and after the modification on the date of modification determines the incremental value. In 2009 and 2008, QuantRx modified warrants in connection with the issuance of certain notes and note extensions. These modified warrants were originally issued in connection with previous private placement investments. In the case of equity issuances, these warrants were originally accounted for as additional paid-in-capital. In the case of debt issuances, the warrants were accounted for as original issuance discount based on their relative fair values.
 
When modified in connection with a note issuance, QuantRx recognizes the incremental value as a part of the debt discount calculation, using its relative fair value in accordance with EITF 00-27, “Application of Issue 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments.” When modified in connection with note extensions, the Company recognized the incremental value as prepaid interest, which is expensed over the term of the extension.
 
The fair value of each share based payment is estimated on the measurement date using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions, which are determined at the beginning of each year and utilized in all calculations for that year:
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
Risk-free interest rate
    3.24 %     5.35 %
Expected volatility
    70 %     117 %
Dividend yield
    0 %     0 %
Expected term
 
Actual term
   
Actual term
 
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
At March 31, 2009, $350,000 in cash and cash equivalents was being held relating to a stock subscription of QuantRx’s majority-owned subsidiary, FluoroPharma. In connection with this subscription, a liability for subsidiary stock subscriptions of $350,000 was reflected. This stock subscription was finalized in the second quarter of 2009; see Note 15, Subsequent Events.
 
Earnings per Share
 
The Company computes net income (loss) per common share in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share.” Net income (loss) per share is based upon the weighted average number of outstanding common shares and the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents, such as options and warrants to purchase common stock, convertible preferred stock and convertible notes, if applicable, that are outstanding. Basic and diluted earnings per share were the same at the reporting dates of the accompanying financial statements, as including common stock equivalents in the calculation of diluted earnings per share would have been antidilutive.
 
As of March 31, 2009, the Company had common stock options of 2,280,500, common stock warrants of 9,182,934, and convertible debt subject to conversion into 5,998,791 shares outstanding.  The above options, warrants, and convertible securities were deemed to be antidilutive for the three months ended March 31, 2009.

 
9

 
 
As of March 31, 2008, the Company had common stock options of 2,344,750, common stock warrants of 7,463,383, and convertible debt subject to conversion into 4,314,493 shares outstanding.  The above options, warrants, and convertible securities were deemed to be antidilutive for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
 
Fair Value
 
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” for nonfinancial assets and liabilities. The adoption of SFAS No. 157 had no impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
 
The Company's financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other deferred charges, short-term accounts and notes receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities. All instruments are accounted for on an historical cost basis, which, due to the short maturity of these financial instruments, approximates the fair value at the reporting dates of these financial statements.
 
In determining fair value of our cost method investment, QuantRx estimated fair value based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of this investment that are not readily apparent from other sources. QuantRx has determined that the carrying value for its cost method investment approximates fair value.
 
Noncontrolling Interest
 
In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—an amendment of ARB No. 51”. SFAS No. 160 requires noncontrolling interests to be treated as a separate component of equity, not as a liability or other item outside of permanent equity. Upon a loss of control, the interest sold, as well as any interest retained, is required to be measured at fair value, with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. SFAS No. 160 requires that the noncontrolling interest continue to be attributed its share of losses even if that attribution results in a deficit noncontrolling interest balance; if this would result in a material change to consolidated net income, pro forma financial information is required. SFAS No. 160 is effective for QuantRx beginning in the first quarter of 2009. The Company has recast its financial statements in accordance with this statement and, since allocating the noncontrolling interest its full share of the subsidiary’s losses did result in a material change to consolidated net loss, has provided pro forma disclosure; see Note 3, FluoroPharma. See also Note 15, Subsequent Events.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments (FSP 107-1 and APB 28-1),” which require disclosure in the body or in the accompanying notes of the Company’s summarized financial information for interim reporting periods and in its financial statements for annual reporting periods the fair value of all financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value, whether recognized or not in the statement of financial position, as required by Statement 107. FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 will be effective for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the future impact FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 will have on its financial statements.

 
10

 
 
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments (FSP 115-2 and FAS 124-2),” which clarifies the interaction of the factors that should be considered when determining whether a debt security is other than temporarily impaired. FSP 115-2 and FAS 124-2 will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the future impact FSP 115-2 and FAS 124-2 will have on its financial statements.
 
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly (FSP 157-4),” which clarifies the interaction of the factors that should be considered when evaluating whether there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for an asset or liability when compared with normal market activity for the asset or liability (or similar assets or liabilities). If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, further analysis of the transactions or quoted prices is required, and a significant adjustment to the transactions or quoted prices may be necessary to estimate fair value. FSP 157-4 will be effective for QuantRx in the second quarter of 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the future impact FSP 157-4 will have on its financial statements.
 
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”. SFAS 162 is intended to improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent framework, or hierarchy, for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements that are presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP for nongovernmental entities. SFAS No. 162 is effective November 15, 2008. The adoption of this statement did not have a material effect on QuantRx’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In May 2008, the FASB issued FSP Accounting Principles Board (APB) 14-1, "Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)". FSP APB 14-1 requires the issuer of certain convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash (or other assets) on conversion to separately account for the liability (debt) and equity (conversion option) components of the instrument in a manner that reflects the issuer's non-convertible debt borrowing rate. FSP APB 14-1 is effective beginning with the first quarter of 2009. Implementation of this standard has not had a material impact on QuantRx’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets”. FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142. FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The implementation of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 
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In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133”. This statement changes the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities. Entities are required to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 is effective for QuantRx beginning in 2009. Implementation of this standard has not had a material impact on QuantRx’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations.” SFAS No. 141(R) changes the accounting for business combinations. Under SFAS No. 141(R), an acquiring entity is required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition-date at fair value with limited exceptions. SFAS No. 141(R) changes the accounting treatment and disclosure for certain specific items in a business combination. For QuantRx, SFAS No. 141(R) applies prospectively to business combinations with acquisition dates on or after January 1, 2009. Adoption of this statement did not have a material impact on QuantRx’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In November 2007, EITF No. 07-01, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements” was issued. EITF No. 07-01 requires collaborators to present the results of activities for which they act as the principal on a gross basis and report any payments received from (made to) other collaborators based on other applicable GAAP or, in the absence of other applicable GAAP, based on analogy to authoritative accounting literature or a reasonable, rational, and consistently applied accounting policy election. Further, EITF 07-01 clarified that transactions within a collaborative arrangement that are part of a vendor-customer (or analogous) relationship are subject to Issue 01-9, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer.” EITF 07-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial position.
 
Reclassifications
 
Certain reclassifications have been made in the presentation of the financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2008 to conform to the presentation of the financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2009. The reclassifications were to reflect the retrospective adoption of SFAS No. 160.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 13, “Revenue Recognition” (Topic 13) and EITF No. 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.” Revenue is recognized when all of the following criteria are met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; (3) the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured.

 
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Revenue from licensing agreements is recognized based on the performance requirements of the agreement. Revenue is deferred for fees received before earned. Nonrefundable upfront fees that are not contingent on any future performance by us are recognized as revenue when revenue recognition criteria under Topic 13 and EITF 00-21 are met and the license term commences. Nonrefundable upfront fees, where we have an ongoing involvement or performance obligations, are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as revenue over the life of the contract, the period of the performance obligation or the development period, whichever is appropriate in light of the circumstances.
 
Payments related to substantive, performance-based milestones in an agreement are recognized as revenue upon the achievement of the milestones as specified in the underlying agreements when they represent the culmination of the earnings process. Royalty revenue from licensed products will be recognized when earned in accordance with the terms of the license agreements.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the use of estimates and assumptions regarding certain types of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses.  Such estimates primarily relate to unsettled transactions and events as of the date of the financial statements and fair valuations of share-based payments.  Actual results may differ from estimated amounts.
 
3.
FluoroPharma
 
As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, QuantRx owned approximately 57.78% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of FluoroPharma. FluoroPharma’s results of operations have been included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. FluoroPharma, Inc. is a privately held molecular imaging company based in Boston, Massachusetts, engaged in the discovery, development, and commercialization of proprietary products for positron emission tomography. The investment in FluoroPharma is intended to strategically expand QuantRx’s diagnostic platforms.
 
Acquired intangibles primarily consist of licensed patent rights and technology licenses and are estimated to have a weighted average life of 15 years.  Amortization expense related to these intangibles for the three months ending March 31, 2009 and 2008, was $34,284 and $34,284.
 
Noncontrolling interest (formerly referred to as minority interests) of $275,288 at April 1, 2007, resulted from the consolidation of FluoroPharma reflecting the interests held by third parties of FluoroPharma.  Through December 31, 2008, the portion of FluoroPharma’s losses attributable to the noncontrolling interest have been recorded, reducing the noncontrolling interest to zero. Beginning January 1, 2009, the Company implemented SFAS No. 160, which required allocating the noncontrolling interest’s portion of FluoroPharma’s net losses in their entirety, resulting in losses attributable to noncontrolling interest of $143,773 and a noncontrolling interest deficit of $109,768.  Had SFAS No. 160 not been implemented, net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest would have been $34,005 and noncontrolling interest would have been limited to zero; QuantRx’s net loss would have been $1,249,894.  See Note 15, Subsequent Events.
 
 
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4.
Other Balance Sheet Information
 
Components of selected captions in the accompanying balance sheets consist of:
 
   
March 31,
2009
   
December 31,
2008
 
Prepaid expenses:
           
Prepaid consulting
  $ 67,239     $ 92,649  
Prepaid consulting – related party
    667       4,674  
Prepaid insurance
    35,081       37,473  
Prepaid interest
    51,538       44,426  
Prepaid rent
    5,310       5,310  
Other
    5,970       4,517  
Prepaid expenses
  $ 165,805     $ 189,049  
                 
Deferred financing costs:
               
Deferred financing costs
  $ -     $ 133,250  
Less: accumulated amortization
    -       (124,557 )
Deferred financing costs, net
  $ -     $ 8,693  
                 
Property and equipment:
               
Computers and office furniture, fixtures and equipment
  $ 136,690     $ 136,690  
Machinery and equipment
    466,338       466,338  
Leasehold improvements
    92,233       92,233  
Less: accumulated depreciation
    (223,941 )     (199,055 )
Property and equipment, net
  $ 471,320     $ 496,206  
                 
Accrued expenses:
               
Payroll and related
  $ 206,250     $ 156,750  
Professional fees
    61,300       43,800  
Accrued interest
    69,069       41,142  
Other
    51,000       57,000  
Accrued expenses
  $ 387,619     $ 298,692  

5.
Notes Receivable
 
Genomics USA, Inc.
 
In January 2007, QuantRx advanced $200,000 to Genomics USA, Inc. (GUSA) through an 8% promissory note due April 8, 2007. The note is currently convertible at QuantRx’s discretion into 10% of GUSA’s outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted and as converted basis. QuantRx continues to explore the possibility of further investment, and has postponed settlement of the note during this exploratory period, during which the note shall continue to accrue interest. QuantRx accrued interest of $4,000 and $16,040 on this note for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and the year ended December 31, 2008, respectively. GUSA, a privately held Illinois corporation, is a technology company focused on the development of Micro-Array Detection for DNA. This technology may strategically expand QuantRx’s diagnostic platforms. See Note 6 for additional information on GUSA.

 
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Rockland Technimed, Ltd.
 
In April 2006, QuantRx advanced $200,000 to Rockland Technimed, Ltd. (Rockland) through a one-year 7% convertible promissory note.  Rockland, a privately held Delaware corporation, is a development stage company focused on the research and development of tissue viability imaging diagnostics using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners.  The note is convertible at QuantRx’s discretion into 20% of Rockland’s outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted and as converted basis to satisfy the note and accrued interest. QuantRx ceased accruing interest as of the maturity date and established an allowance for bad debt in the amount equal to the principal balance and accrued interest, $214,000, as the Company attempts to resolve this matter.
 
6.
Investments
 
Genomics USA, Inc.
 
In May 2006, QuantRx purchased 144,024 shares of GUSA common stock for $200,000. As of March 31, 2009, QuantRx owned approximately 10% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of GUSA on a fully diluted and as converted basis.
 
QuantRx uses the cost method to account for this investment since QuantRx does not control nor have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies.  In accordance with the cost method, the investment is recorded at cost and impairment is considered in accordance with the Company’s impairment policy.  No impairment was recognized as of March 31, 2009.
 
7.
Intangible Assets
 
Intangible assets as of the balance sheet dates consisted of the following:
 
   
March 31, 2009
   
December 31, 2008
 
Licensed patents and patent rights
  $ 2,197,020     $ 2,197,020  
Patents
    82,008       82,008  
Technology license
    22,517       22,517  
Website development
    49,711       49,711  
Less: accumulated amortization
    (384,061 )     (339,159 )
Intangibles, net
  $ 1,967,195     $ 2,012,097  
 
The Company’s intangible assets are carried at the legal cost to obtain them. Intangible assets are amortized using the straight line method over the estimated useful life. Useful lives are as follows: licensed patents and patent rights, eight to 15 years; patents, 17 years; technology license, five years; and website development costs, three years. Amortization expense totaled $44,901 and $44,742 for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  Impairment will be considered in accordance with the Company’s impairment policy. No impairment was recognized as of March 31, 2009.

 
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8.
Deferred Revenue
 
On May 19, 2008, QuantRx and CytoCore, Inc. entered into a worldwide distribution and supply agreement for specified PAD technology of QuantRx. The agreement specifies monthly license fees during CytoCore’s expected development period and additional milestone payments based upon CytoCore’s achievement of certain development and sales milestones.  QuantRx received an up-front, non-refundable payment of $100,000 upon execution of this agreement, which was recorded as deferred revenue and is being amortized into revenue over the expected development period of the agreement, which is estimated as 18 months. QuantRx recognized revenue of $33,335 in the three months ended March 31, 2009 related to this agreement.
 
9.
Portland Development Commission
 
In February 2007, QuantRx received a $44,000 loan from the Portland Development Commission.  The loan matures in 20 years and is interest free through March 1, 2010 and no payments are due until April 1, 2010.  The terms of the promissory note stipulate that the interest rate will accrue beginning in March 1, 2010 at an annual rate between 1% and 8.5% based upon the level of compliance with certain employment milestones beginning in 2008.
 
10.
Convertible Debt
 
Notes payable as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 were comprised of the following:
 
   
March 31,
2009
   
December 31,
2008
 
Short-term convertible notes payable, net:
           
Senior secured convertible notes payable
  $ 2,999,396     $ 2,607,979  
Less: discount for common stock, warrants and conversion feature, net
    (62,974 )     (97,925 )
Short-term convertible notes payable, net
  $ 2,936,422     $ 2,510,054  
                 
Short-term secured promissory notes payable:
               
Secured promissory notes payable
  $ 320,000     $ 350,000  
Less: discount for common stock and warrants, net
    -       -  
Short-term secured promissory notes payable, net
  $ 320,000     $ 350,000  
                 
Short-term promissory notes payable, net:
               
Unsecured promissory notes payable
  $ 1,207,890     $ 1,107,890  
Less: discount for common stock and warrants, net
    (11,653 )     (46,612 )
Short-term promissory notes payable, net
  $ 1,196,237     $ 1,061,278  

 
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2007 Convertible Promissory Notes
 
On October 16, 2007, QuantRx completed a private placement of 10% senior secured convertible notes (the “2007 Notes”) and warrants to purchase shares of QuantRx’s common stock. In connection with the private placement, QuantRx issued notes in the aggregate principal amount of $1,000,000 and warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of QuantRx’s common stock at an exercise price of $1.25 (relative fair value of $134,454). Proceeds of the financing were used for general corporate purposes. The notes and the warrants were offered only to certain private accredited investors.
 
In the first quarter of 2008, the 2007 Notes were exchanged for 2008 Senior Secured Convertible Notes (the “2008 Notes”) resulting in a loss on extinguishment, as described below under “2008 Senior Secured Convertible Notes.”
 
The 2007 Notes were automatically convertible into shares of QuantRx common stock upon completion of a “qualified” equity financing with aggregate gross proceeds of at least $3,000,000. Under the terms of the 2007 Notes, holders would have been deemed to have tendered 115% of their aggregate outstanding principal balance and accrued interest for purchase of securities in the qualified equity financing, entitling the holders to all rights afforded to purchasers in such financing (“contingent embedded conversion option”). Alternatively, the 2007 Notes allowed the holders to convert their outstanding principal and accrued interest into common stock at a price of $0.80 per common share (“embedded conversion option”). Either conversion would have resulted in the satisfaction of all of QuantRx’s obligations under the 2007 Notes.
 
In accordance with APB Opinion No. 14, “Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants,” QuantRx allocated $134,454 of the principal amount of the 2007 Notes to the warrants as original issue discount, which represented the relative fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance.
 
The conversion option embedded in the 2007 Notes described above was not considered a derivative instrument and was not required to be bifurcated pursuant to the scope exception in paragraph 11(a) of SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” since it was indexed to QuantRx’s stock and was classified as stockholders’ equity. Equity classification of the embedded conversion option was met through the requirements of EITF 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock,” paragraphs 12-32. QuantRx also concluded, pursuant to EITF 00-27, “Application of Issue 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments,” that while the embedded conversion option was not required to be bifurcated, the instruments did contain a beneficial conversion feature, as the share prices on the dates of issuance exceeded the effective conversion price of the embedded conversion option. QuantRx measured the intrinsic value of the embedded conversion option ($97,164) based upon the effective conversion price, which is defined by EITF 00-27, “Application of Issue 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments,” as the allocated proceeds divided by the number of shares to be received on conversion. This amount was recorded as original issue discount.
 
 
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The contingent conversion option embedded in the 2007 Notes qualified as an embedded contingent conversion option in accordance with EITF 98-5 and 00-27 since execution was contingent upon a qualified equity financing and was not within the control of QuantRx. The intrinsic value of the contingent embedded conversion option was not recognized because the 2007 Notes were exchanged and satisfied in full.
 
In connection with the 2007 Notes, certain warrants that were previously issued to the holders were modified by reducing their exercise price from $1.50 to $0.75. The incremental fair value of this modification, accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), was $30,000, while the relative fair value was calculated to be $25,210 and was recorded as additional original issue discount. The initial warrants were originally granted in connection with a private placement of common stock and were accounted for as additional paid-in-capital. In association with the issuance of the 2007 Notes, QuantRx issued warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock at $1.10 per share valued at $65,000 to the placement agent, and also incurred cash commissions of $70,000 in connection with the private placement resulting in total deferred debt offering cost of $135,000.
 
The fair value of the warrants issued to placement agents and the cash commissions have been recorded as deferred financing costs. The total original issue discount related to the warrants issued to the investors, the modified warrants and the beneficial conversion feature, and the deferred financing costs were being amortized to interest expense over the original term of the 2007 Notes in accordance with EITF 00-27, paragraph 19. Interest expense through the date of extinguishment, including amortization of original issue discount and deferred financing costs, related to the 2007 Notes was $29,832 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008. The remaining unamortized debt discount of $189,101 and deferred financing costs of $99,399 were included in the loss on extinguishment of debt in the first quarter of 2008 upon the exchange of the 2007 Notes into the 2008 Notes; see below.
 
The Black-Scholes option pricing model was used to calculate the fair values of all of the above warrants. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, “Accounting for Share Based Payments.”
 
2008 Senior Secured Convertible Notes
 
 In the first quarter of 2008, the Company issued 10% senior secured convertible notes (the “2008 Notes”) to certain accredited investors. In connection with the private placement, QuantRx issued notes in the aggregate principal amount of $2,157,247 and warrants with a five-year term to purchase 250,000 shares of QuantRx’s common stock at an exercise price of $1.25. The warrants provide for full antidilution protection to the holders and allow for cashless exercise.
 
The 2008 Notes are automatically convertible into shares of QuantRx common stock upon completion of a “qualified” equity financing (or financings) with aggregate gross proceeds of at least $5,660,000 (amount to be reduced by the 2008 Notes, up to a maximum of $2,250,000). Under the terms of the 2008 Notes, holders will be deemed to have tendered 115% of their aggregate outstanding principal balance and accrued and unpaid interest for the purchase of securities in the qualified equity financing, entitling the holders to all rights afforded to purchasers in such financing (“contingent embedded conversion option”). Alternatively, the 2008 Notes allow the holders to convert their outstanding principal and accrued interest into common stock at a price of $0.50 per common share (“embedded conversion option”). Either conversion would result in the satisfaction of all of QuantRx’s obligations under the 2008 Notes.
 
 
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In the event QuantRx did not complete a qualified financing and holders do not voluntarily convert, QuantRx was to repay the outstanding principal balance and accrued and unpaid interest on January 23, 2009. All holders have extended this maturity date to July 31, 2009. Interest on the outstanding principal amount of the 2008 Notes is payable quarterly in cash or, at the holders’ option, in additional 10% senior secured convertible notes with a principal amount equal to the calculated interest amount. QuantRx has the right to prepay the 2008 Notes at 106% of face value and 100% of accrued interest by providing ten days notice. In connection with the financing QuantRx entered into 1) a stock pledge agreement, pursuant to which QuantRx granted to the holders a continuing and perfected first priority security interest in certain equity securities owned by QuantRx of two private companies and specified rights and interests associated with the pledged shares, as well as 2) a patent, trademark and copyright security agreement, pursuant to which QuantRx granted to the holders a continuing and perfected first priority security interest in all of its owned or acquired patents, trademarks and copyrights and specified intellectual property and related rights and interests associated therewith. If an event of default occurs under the 2008 Notes, the holders have agreed not to take any action with respect to the collateral for 120 days after the holders provide QuantRx with notice of the holders’ proposed action. The stock pledge agreement and the patent, trademark and copyright security agreement, and the security interests created thereby, will terminate upon QuantRx’s satisfaction in full of its payment obligations under the 2008 Notes. In connection with the 2008 Notes, QuantRx may not issue any new indebtedness while at least 50% of the original principal amount of the notes remains outstanding without the consent of holders of at least 75% of the principal amount of the then outstanding notes.
 
In connection with the financing and in accordance with the terms of the 2007 Notes, the holders representing $1,000,000 face value of QuantRx’s 2007 Notes exchanged their notes at 115% of the outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest as payment toward the purchase price of the 2008 Notes purchased by such holders. Accordingly, the Company issued notes in the financing in the aggregate principal balance of $1,157,247 to the former holders upon their surrender of the 2007 Notes.  In the aggregate, the Company received gross cash proceeds of $1,000,000 in connection with the issuance of the 2008 Notes.
 
QuantRx used the net proceeds from the offering for product development, working capital and general corporate purposes.
 
 QuantRx determined that the terms of the 2008 Notes were “substantially different”, as described in EITF Issue No. 96-19, “Debtor’s Accounting for a Modification or Exchange of Debt Instruments”, from the terms of the 2007 Notes based on the greater than 10% change in the present value of the cash flows associated with the 2008 Notes and the 2007 Notes. As a result, the Company recorded the 2008 Notes issued in exchange for the 2007 Notes at fair value on the date of issuance and recorded a loss on extinguishment of $439,445, which includes $189,101 and $99,399 representing the remaining unamortized debt discount and deferred finance costs related to the 2007 Notes, respectively. In accordance with EITF Issue No. 98-5, “Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ratios”, the Company also remeasured the intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature embedded in the 2007 Notes at the time of extinguishment and determined that it had no value as the closing stock price on the date of extinguishment was less than the effective conversion price; therefore no allocation of the reacquisition price for the repurchase of the beneficial conversion feature embedded in the 2007 Notes was required. Additionally, there were no warrants issued to the holders of the 2007 Notes related to their exchange of 2007 Notes for 2008 Notes.
 
 
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 The cash proceeds from the 2008 Notes issued in the first quarter of 2008 of $1,000,000 were allocated between the notes and the warrants on a relative fair value basis in accordance with APB Opinion No. 14, “Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants.” QuantRx allocated $122,035 of the principal amount of $1,000,000 to the warrants as original issue discount, which represented the relative fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance.
 
Like the 2007 Notes, the conversion option embedded in the 2008 Notes described above is not considered a derivative instrument and is not required to be bifurcated pursuant to the scope exception in paragraph 11(a) of SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” since it is indexed to QuantRx’s stock and is classified as stockholders’ equity. Equity classification of the embedded conversion option is met through the requirements of EITF 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock,” paragraphs 12-32. QuantRx also concluded, pursuant to EITF 00-27, “Application of Issue 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments,” that while the embedded conversion option is not required to be bifurcated, the instruments do contain a beneficial conversion feature, as the share prices on the dates of issuance exceeded the effective conversion price of the embedded conversion option. QuantRx measured the intrinsic value of the embedded conversion option ($647,760) based upon the effective conversion price, which is defined by EITF 00-27, “Application of Issue 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments,” as the allocated proceeds divided by the number of shares to be received on conversion. This amount was recorded as original issue discount.
 
The contingent conversion option embedded in the 2008 Notes qualifies as an embedded contingent conversion option in accordance with EITF 98-5 and 00-27 since execution is contingent upon a qualified equity financing and is not within the control of QuantRx. The intrinsic value of the contingent embedded conversion option will not be recognized until and unless such financing occurs (the triggering event); which will then enable QuantRx to measure the intrinsic value associated with the automatic conversion feature.
 
In association with the issuance of the 2008 Notes, QuantRx issued warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock at $1.10 per share valued at $55,750 to the placement agent, and also incurred cash commissions of $70,000 and legal fees of $7,500 in connection with the private placement, resulting in total deferred debt financing costs of $133,250.
 
In the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, the Company issued additional 2008 Notes maturing July 31, 2009 aggregating $625,000 ($325,000 in 2009 and $300,000 in 2008) with substantially the same terms as the 2008 Notes. In connection with these note issuances, warrants with a five-year term to purchase 156,250 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.55 and 106,250 shares of common stock were also issued. Additionally, certain warrants that were previously issued to the holders through previous financing transactions were modified by reducing their exercise prices to $0.55.
 
 
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The accounting for the additional 2008 Notes is consistent with the original 2008 Notes. The cash proceeds from these additional 2008 Notes of $625,000 were allocated between the notes, common stock, new and modified warrants on a relative fair value basis. QuantRx allocated the relative fair values of the common stock ($36,922), new warrants ($34,567), and modified warrants ($30,131) at the date of issuance to original issue discount. Additionally, a beneficial conversion feature of $7,752 was accounted for as original issue discount. No deferred finance costs were incurred on these additional 2008 Notes.
 
In the aggregate for all 2008 Notes, the fair value of the warrants issued to placement agents and the cash commissions and legal fees have been recorded as deferred financing costs. The total original issue discount related to the warrants issued to the investors, the beneficial conversion feature, and the deferred financing costs are being amortized to interest expense over the original term of each 2008 Note in accordance with EITF 00-27, paragraph 19. Interest expense, including amortization of original issue discount and deferred financing costs, related to the 2008 Notes was $163,974 and $74,823 for the quarters ended March 31, 2009 and 2008. At March 31, 2009, the Company issued 10% convertible notes in the aggregate amount of $66,416 for quarterly interest in the form of paid-in-kind notes.
 
2008 Secured Promissory Notes Payable
 
In the second quarter of 2008, the Company commenced a private placement to certain accredited investors through the issuance of 8% senior secured promissory notes (the “2008 Secured Promissory Notes”). The private placement closed in the third quarter of 2008.  In connection with the private placement, QuantRx issued notes in the aggregate principal amount of $550,000, and an aggregate of 137,500 shares of common stock and warrants with a five-year term to purchase 137,500 shares of common stock warrants at a per share exercise price of $0.85.  The warrants provide for full antidilution protection to the holders and allow for cashless exercise. The 2008 Secured Promissory Notes were originally due on September 15, 2008, along with all accrued and unpaid interest. QuantRx used the net proceeds from the offering for product development, working capital and general corporate purposes.
 
In connection with the financing QuantRx entered into 1) a stock pledge agreement, pursuant to which QuantRx granted to the holders a continuing and perfected first priority security interest in certain equity securities owned by QuantRx of two private companies and specified rights and interests associated with the pledged shares, as well as 2) a patent, trademark and copyright security agreement, pursuant to which QuantRx granted to the holders a continuing and perfected first priority security interest in all of its owned or acquired patents, trademarks and copyrights and specified intellectual property and related rights and interests associated therewith. If an event of default occurs under the 2008 Secured Promissory Notes, the holders have agreed not to take any action with respect to the collateral for 120 days after the holders provide QuantRx with notice of the holders’ proposed action. The stock pledge agreement and the patent, trademark and copyright security agreement, and the security interests created thereby, will terminate upon QuantRx’s satisfaction in full of its payment obligations under the 2008 Secured Promissory Notes.
 
 The cash proceeds from the 2008 Secured Promissory Notes of $550,000 were allocated between the notes, common stock and warrants on a relative fair value basis. QuantRx allocated $79,806 and $58,050 of the principal amount of $550,000 to the common stock and warrants as original issue discount, which represented the relative fair values of each at the date of issuance.
 
 
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In association with the issuance of the 2008 Secured Promissory Notes, QuantRx issued warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock at $0.85 per share valued at $64,000 to the placement agent, and also incurred cash commissions of $55,000 in connection with the private placement resulting in total deferred finance costs of $119,000.
 
The fair value of the warrants issued to placement agents and the cash commissions were recorded as deferred financing costs. The total original issue discount related to the common stock and warrants issued to the investors and the deferred financing costs were amortized to interest expense over the original term of the 2008 Secured Promissory Notes in accordance with EITF 00-27, paragraph 19.
 
On the original maturity date, September 15, 2008, one note for $100,000 was settled in full and the Company negotiated monthly extensions of one to three months on the remaining notes. At September 15, 2008, QuantRx granted an aggregate of 22,500 shares of common stock (fair value $11,475) and warrants to purchase 22,500 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.85 (fair value $9,000) which for a one-month extension. The second and third one-month extensions were executed on October and November 15, 2008, on 2008 Secured Promissory Notes with an aggregate principal of $150,000.  In consideration for these stages, QuantRx granted an aggregate of 15,000 shares of common stock (fair value $5,250) and warrants to purchase 15,000 shares of common stock (fair value $3,900) with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.85. The consideration for the extensions was recognized as prepaid interest and was amortized over the extension periods. On December 15, 2008, when these Notes matured, the holders agreed to extend the maturity date to July 31, 2009. In consideration for one of these seven and a half month extensions, QuantRx modified the holder’s warrants to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock by reducing the exercise price from $0.85 to $0.55. The incremental value of this modification was $400, which was recorded as prepaid interest and is being amortized over the term of the extension as interest expense.
 
On October 15, 2008, QuantRx executed an eleven-month extension with a holder of a $100,000 2008 Secured Promissory Note.  In consideration for this extension, QuantRx granted 75,000 shares of common stock with a fair value of $22,500, which will be expensed over the term of the extension.
 
QuantRx executed an extension with a holder of a $200,000 2008 Secured Promissory Note as of October 15, 2008, extending the maturity dates as follows: $50,000 and related accrued interest due October 31, 2008; $50,000 and related accrued interest due November 30, 2008; $100,000 and related accrued interest due December 31, 2008. In consideration for this extension, QuantRx granted 20,000 shares of common stock (fair value $6,000) and warrants to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock (fair value $4,400) with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.85; the fair values of which were expensed over the term of the extension. As of December 31, 2008, this holder agreed to an extension of the remaining $100,000 outstanding principal as follows: $10,000 and related accrued interest due monthly beginning January 31, 2009, with a final payment due June 30, 2009.  In consideration for this further extension, QuantRx granted a warrant in January 2009 to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock (fair value $18,000) with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.50 and modified warrants to purchase an aggregate 80,000 shares of common stock, reducing the exercise price from $0.85 to $0.55. The fair value of the consideration will be expensed over the term of the extension.
 
 
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In the aggregate, QuantRx recorded $23,528 in interest expense, including amortization of original issue discount, deferred financing costs and prepaid interest, related to the 2008 Secured Promissory Notes for the quarter ended March 31, 2009.
 
The Black-Scholes option pricing model was used to calculate the fair values of all of the above warrants. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, “Accounting for Share Based Payments.”
 
2008 Unsecured Promissory Notes Payable
 
In August 2008, the Company completed a private placement to certain accredited investors through the issuance of 8% promissory notes (the “2008 Promissory Notes”). In connection with the private placement, QuantRx issued notes in the aggregate principal amount of $1,000,000, and an aggregate of 250,000 shares of common stock and warrants with a five-year term to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.85.  The warrants provide for full antidilution protection to the holders and allow for cashless exercise. The 2008 Promissory Notes were due on October 31, 2008, along with all accrued and unpaid interest. QuantRx used the net proceeds from the offering for product development, working capital and general corporate purposes.
 
 The net cash proceeds from the 2008 Promissory Notes were $942,500. QuantRx allocated $132,827 and $108,159 of the principal amount of $1,000,000 to the common stock and warrants as original issue discount, which represented the relative fair values of each at the date of issuance.
 
In association with the issuance of the 2008 Promissory Notes, QuantRx incurred cash commissions and legal fees of $57,500, which were recorded as deferred financing costs and expensed over the original term.
 
As of October 31, 2008, QuantRx settled a $500,000 2008 Promissory Note with the issuance of a $607,890 8% unsecured promissory note which included additional principal of $100,000 and accrued interest of $7,890.  The maturity date is April 30, 2009.  In connection with the issuance of this note, QuantRx granted 200,000 shares of common stock (fair value of $80,000; relative fair value of $70,696); the relative fair value of the common stock was recorded as debt discount and is being amortized over the term of the new note.
 
QuantRx executed an extension with a holder of a $500,000 2008 Promissory Note as of October 31, 2008, extending the maturity date to January 31, 2009.  In consideration for this extension, QuantRx granted 200,000 shares of common stock with a fair value of $80,000 and revised the interest rate on the original 8% note to 10% effective as of the origination date, which was expensed over the term of the extension.  QuantRx executed a further extension with this holder as of January 31, 2009, extending the maturity date to May 31, 2009.  In consideration for this extension, QuantRx granted 100,000 shares of common stock (fair value $39,000) and warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.55 (fair value $21,000).  Additionally, warrants to purchase 125,000 shares of common stock were modified, reducing the exercise price from $0.85 to $0.55 (incremental fair value $3,750).  The fair value of the consideration will be expensed over the term of the extension.
 
 
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In the first quarter of 2009, the Company issued additional 8% Promissory Notes originally maturing March 31, 2009, in the aggregate principal amount of $115,000, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 115,000 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.55 (fair value $28,850).  As of March 31, 2009, the holders agreed to extend the maturity date to June 30, 2009. In consideration for this extension, in April 2009, QuantRx granted warrants to purchase an aggregate of 80,500 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.55 (aggregate fair value $12,075). The fair value of the consideration will be expensed over the term of the extension.
 
The total original issue discount related to the common stock and warrants issued to the investors and the deferred financing costs are being amortized to interest expense over the original terms of the 2008 Promissory Notes in accordance with EITF 00-27, paragraph 19. In the aggregate, QuantRx recorded $141,921 in interest expense, including amortization of original issue discount and deferred financing costs, related to the 2008 Promissory Notes for the quarter ended March 31, 2009.
 
The Black-Scholes option pricing model was used to calculate the fair values of all of the above warrants. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, “Accounting for Share Based Payments.”
 
11.
Preferred Stock
 
The Company has authorized 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which 9,750,000 are designated Series A convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value. The remaining 15,250,000 authorized preferred shares have not yet been designated by the Company. The Company had no issued and outstanding preferred stock at March 31, 2009 or December 31, 2008.
 
12.
Common Stock, Options and Warrants
 
In the first quarter of 2009, in connection with the issuance of 10% senior secured convertible promissory notes, the Company issued an aggregate of 81,250 shares of common stock (fair value $33,813) and warrants to purchase 81,250 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.55 (fair value $18,188).
 
In the first quarter of 2009, in connection with an extension of a 2008 Promissory Note, QuantRx granted 100,000 shares of common stock with a fair value of $39,000 and warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.55 (fair value $21,000).  Additionally, warrants to purchase 125,000 shares of common stock were modified, reducing the exercise price from $0.85 to $0.55.  The fair value of the consideration will be expensed over the term of the extension.
 
In the first quarter of 2009, the Company issued additional 8% Promissory Notes originally maturing March 31, 2009, in the aggregate principal amount of $115,000, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 115,000 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.55 (fair value $28,850).
 
 
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In the first quarter of 2009, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 810,000 shares of common stock were granted to employees and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 50,000 shares of common stock were granted to certain consultants. The warrants were issued with an exercise price of $0.31, have a term of five years and vest immediately. The fair value of these options is $163,400.
 
In January 2009, in connection with an extension of a maturity date on a 2008 Secured Promissory Note, QuantRx granted a warrant to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.50 (fair value $18,000) and modified warrants to purchase an aggregate 80,000 shares of common stock, reducing the exercise price from $0.85 to $0.55. The fair value will be expensed over the term of the extension.
 
In December 2008, QuantRx issued 25,000 shares of common stock (fair value $9,250) and warrants to purchase 25,000 shares of common stock (fair value $7,375) in connection with the issuance of two 2008 Notes. Additionally, warrants issued to these investors in connection with previous debt financings were modified, reducing their exercise prices to $0.55.  The aggregate incremental fair value of these modifications was $1,650; the relative fair value was $1,390, which was recorded as debt discount and is being amortized over the term of each Note.
 
On December 15, 2008, QuantRx negotiated extensions on each of the then-maturing 2008 Secured Promissory Notes. In consideration for one of these seven and a half month extensions, QuantRx modified the holder’s warrants to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock by reducing the exercise price from $0.85 to $0.55. The incremental value of this modification was $400, which was recorded as prepaid interest and is being amortized over the term of the extension as interest expense.
 
On September, October and November 15, 2008, QuantRx negotiated extensions on each of the outstanding 2008 Secured Promissory Notes. In consideration for these one to eleven month extensions, QuantRx granted an aggregate of 132,500 shares of common stock (fair value $45,225) and warrants to purchase 57,500 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.85 (fair value $17,300).
 
On October 31, 2008, in connection with the issuance of a $200,000 2008 Note, the holder was issued warrants for the purchase of 50,000 shares of common stock (fair value $16,000) with a term of five years and an exercise price of $0.55. Additionally, in connection with the issuance, the exercise price on previously issued warrants to purchase 437,500 shares of common stock was revised from $1.25 to $0.55, and previously issued warrants to purchase 375,000 shares of common stock was revised to $0.75 to $0.55.
 
On October 31, 2008, QuantRx issued 200,000 shares of common stock (fair value $80,000) in connection with the issuance of a 2008 Promissory Note.
 
On October 31, 2008, QuantRx negotiated an extension on one of the 2008 Promissory Notes. In consideration for this extension, QuantRx issued 200,000 shares of common stock (fair value $80,000).
 
 
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In August 2008, QuantRx completed a private placement of 8% promissory notes, common stock, and warrants to purchase shares of QuantRx’s common stock. In connection with the private placement, QuantRx issued 250,000 shares of common stock (with a relative fair value of $132,827) and warrants with a five-year term to purchase 250,000 shares of QuantRx’s common stock at an exercise price of $0.85 (with a relative fair value of $108,159). The notes, common stock and warrants were offered only to certain private accredited investors.
 
On August 18, 2008, the Company issued a warrant in consideration of a three month consulting and investor relations services agreement. The warrant has a term of five years and represents the right to purchase 40,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.25. The fair value of this warrant was calculated to be $22,400 and was expensed over the term of the agreement.
 
In the second and third quarters of 2008, QuantRx conducted a private placement of 8% promissory notes, common stock and warrants to purchase shares of QuantRx’s common stock. In connection with the private placement, QuantRx issued 137,500 shares of common stock (with a relative fair value of $79,806) along with warrants with a five-year term to purchase 137,500 shares of QuantRx’s common stock at an exercise price of $0.85 (with a relative fair value of $58,050). The notes, common stock and warrants were offered only to certain private accredited investors. At the commencement of the financing, in June 2008, QuantRx issued warrants for services to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock at $0.85 per share valued at $64,000.
 
In April 2008, QuantRx completed a limited warrant exercise inducement targeting large warrant holders who have expressed an interest to participate. The inducement was a reduction in the exercise price from $1.50 to $0.70 to a limited number of warrant holders who acquired the warrants in conjunction with prior common stock purchases. Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 241,699 shares of common stock were exercised and exchanged for our common stock for total proceeds of $169,189.
 
In April 2008, the Company issued common stock warrants with a five year term in consideration of a financial advisory and investor relations consulting services agreement. The warrant represents the right to purchase 200,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.89 and vests ratably each month over a one year term. The fair value of the warrant was calculated to be $148,000 on grant date, and shall be remeasured during the vesting term as required. Consulting expense related to the issuance of these warrants was $34,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
In April 2008, the Company issued warrants with a five year term to purchase 25,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.35. The warrants were issued as payment for technical advisory services related to medical diagnostics. The fair value of these warrants was calculated to be $16,250, and will be expensed over a one year term. Consulting expense related to the issuance of these warrants was $11,576 for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
 
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In the first quarter of 2008, QuantRx completed a private placement of 10% senior secured convertible notes and warrants to purchase shares of QuantRx’s common stock. In connection with the private placement, QuantRx issued warrants with a five-year term to purchase 250,000 shares of QuantRx’s common stock at an exercise price of $1.25. The notes and the warrants were offered only to certain private accredited investors. In association with the issuance of these convertible notes, QuantRx issued warrants for services to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock at $1.10 per share valued at $55,750.
 
2007 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan
 
Pursuant to SFAS 123(R), the fair value of options granted under the Company’s 2007 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan is recorded as compensation expense over the vesting period, or, for performance based awards, the expected service term.  Total compensation cost related to QuantRx’s employee options was $73,579 and $151,651 for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
 
In the first quarter of 2009, an aggregate of 130,000 qualified common stock options were granted to employees and issued from the Company’s 2007 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan. The options were issued with an exercise price of $0.31, and have a term of five years. The options vest monthly over one year. The fair value of these options is $24,700.
 
In the fourth quarter of 2008, 6,250 non-qualified common stock options were granted to a member of the board of directors and issued from the Company’s 2007 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan. The options were issued with an exercise price of $0.35, have a term of five years and vested immediately. The fair value of these options is $1,813.
 
In the first quarter of 2008, an aggregate of 528,000 qualified common stock options were granted to employees and 25,000 non-qualified stock options were granted to certain consultants and issued from the Company’s 2007 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan. The options were issued with an exercise price of $0.80, and have a term of ten years. The options vest monthly over one year. The fair value of these options is $420,280.
 
13.
Related Party Transactions
 
In August 2008, in connection with a debt financing, QuantRx incurred cash commissions of $50,000 to Burnham Hill Partners, of which a beneficial owner of more than 5% of QuantRx common stock is a managing member. Burnham Hill Partners was the placement agent for the debt financing. These commissions are outstanding as of March 31, 2009.
 
On June 16, 2008, in connection with a debt financing, QuantRx issued warrants with a five-year term valued at $64,000 to purchase an aggregate of 100,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.85 to Burnham Hill Partners. Burnham Hill Partners was the placement agent for the debt financing. Additionally, cash commissions of $55,000 are due to Burnham Hill Partners for its role as placement agent in the transaction as of March 31, 2009.
 
 
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In the first quarter of 2008, in connection with a debt financing, QuantRx issued warrants with a five-year term valued at $55,750 to purchase an aggregate of 100,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.10 to Burnham Hill Partners, of which a beneficial owner of more than 5% of QuantRx common stock is a managing member. Burnham Hill Partners was the placement agent for the debt financing. Additionally, cash commissions of $70,000 are due to Burnham Hill Partners for its role as placement agent in the transaction.
 
At March 31, 2009, cash commissions of $20,000 were due to Burnham Hill Partners for its role as placement agent in a debt financing transaction in October 2007.
 
An executive officer of our majority-owned subsidiary, who is also a beneficial owner of approximately 25% of the subsidiary’s outstanding shares, was due $40,000 for licensing fees related to patent license agreements, $177,679 for advances to fund general operating expenses and $172,500 for accrued payroll as of March 31, 2009, of which $217,679 was included in accounts payable and $172,500 was included in accrued expenses. At December 31, 2008, $160,191 was included in accounts payable, of which $40,000 related to licensing fees, and $142,500 was included in accrued expenses.
 
A member of the Company’s board of directors served as a consultant to the Company on various business, strategic, and technical issues. His contract expired May 31, 2008. Fees paid and expensed for these services by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2008 were $12,000.
 
14.
Commitments and Contingencies
 
Operating Leases
 
QuantRx leases office space and research and development lab space under operating leases that expire at various times through 2011.  Some of these leases contain cancellation clauses, subject to a termination fee, and include allocations for common expenses subject to future adjustment.  Rent expense related to operating leases was approximately $43,857 and $42,123 for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. In connection with some of these facility leases, the Company has made security deposits totaling $10,310, which are included in long-term assets in the balance sheet. Future minimum lease obligations, inclusive of potential termination fees, for operating leases as of March 31, 2009 are estimated as follows:
 
Remainder of 2009
  $ 70,209  
2010
    57,240  
2011
    43,875  
Total minimum payments
  $ 171,324  
 
In February 2007, the Company began subleasing research and development lab space under the noncancellable operating leases. The sublease can be terminated upon ninety days notice by either party, and a $2,000 security deposit is being held by QuantRx pursuant to the terms of the lease. Sublease income for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, was $5,870 and $6,320, respectively, and is recorded in other income.
 
 
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Executive Employment Contracts
 
The Company has an employment contract with a key Company executive that provides for the continuation of salary to the executive if terminated for reasons other than cause, as defined in those agreements. At March 31, 2009, the future employment contract commitment for such key executive based on this termination clause was approximately $240,000.
 
15.
Subsequent Events
 
In the second quarter of 2009, the Company issued $50,000 8% Promissory Notes maturing May 31, 2009 and $65,000 8% Promissory Notes maturing June 30, 2009, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 115,000 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.55 (aggregate fair value $17,100).  See Note 10, under the heading “2008 Unsecured Promissory Notes Payable” for details on these notes and warrants and their accounting.
 
On May 5, 2009, QuantRx and FluoroPharma, reorganized their relationship by terminating their investment agreements. The termination of these investment agreements, which were originally executed on March 10, 2006, allowed FluoroPharma to close an equity financing with third party investors.  In conjunction with the termination of the investment agreements and the additional investment in FluoroPharma, QuantRx agreed to convert all outstanding receivables from FluoroPharma, in the aggregate $1,568,567, into 1,148,275 shares of common stock. As a result of these transactions and the third party investment, QuantRx’ ownership interest in FluoroPharma’s issued and outstanding capital stock was reduced to approximately 45%, a noncontrolling interest, which will result in deconsolidation in the second quarter of 2009. As of March 31, 2009, FluoroPharma had received $350,000 relating to third party investments, which was recorded as stock subscription liability.
 
 
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ITEM 2.              Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
The following discussion of our financial condition should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes to financial statements included elsewhere in this filing.  The following discussion (as well as statements in Item 1 above and elsewhere) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Act of 1995 that involve risks and uncertainties.  Some or all of the results anticipated by these forward-looking statements may not occur. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, trends in the biotechnology, healthcare, and pharmaceutical sectors of the economy; competitive pressures and technological developments from domestic and foreign genetic research and development organizations which may affect the nature and potential viability of our business strategy; and private or public sector demand for products and services similar to what we plan to commercialize.  We disclaim any intention or obligation to publicly announce the results of any revisions to any of the forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect future events or developments.
 
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, all references in this report to “we,” “our,” “ours,” “us,” the “Company” or similar terms refer to QuantRx Biomedical Corporation, a Nevada corporation.
 
Overview
 
QuantRx Biomedical Corporation was incorporated on December 5, 1986 in the State of Nevada. The Company’s principal business office is located at 100 South Main Street, Suite 300, Doylestown, Pennsylvania. QuantRx also has a research and development facility in Portland, Oregon.
 
QuantRx is a diagnostics company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative diagnostic products for the Point-of-Care (POC) markets based on its patented technology platforms for the worldwide healthcare industry. These platforms include: RapidSense® point-of-care testing products based on QuantRx core intellectual property related to lateral flow techniques for the consumer and healthcare professional markets; and PAD technology for the consumer markets for the treatment of hemorrhoids, minor vaginal infection, urinary incontinence, and other medical needs. Additionally, the Company has made significant investments in a company developing Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) chips, genome-based diagnostic chips for the next generation of genomic and proteomic diagnostic markets; and molecular imaging agents for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and fluorescence imaging with initial application in cardiovascular disease, to provide clinical support for the Company’s POC cardiac diagnostics.
 
The Company’s overall growth strategy is to: (i) leverage its broad-based IP and patent portfolio to develop new and innovative diagnostic products; (ii) commercialize products through corporate partners and distributors; and (iii) contract manufacturing to third parties while maintaining control over the manufacturing process.
 
QuantRx is developing a hand-held optical imaging device which, when coupled with our RapidSense technology, will enable highly sensitive, quantitative, positive read, diagnostic testing to be performed economically at the point of care.
 
 
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On May 5, 2009, QuantRx and FluoroPharma, reorganized their relationship by terminating their investment agreements. The termination of these investment agreements, which were originally executed on March 10, 2006, allowed FluoroPharma to close an equity financing with third party investors.  In conjunction with the termination of the investment agreements and the third party investment in FluoroPharma, QuantRx agreed to convert all outstanding receivables from FluoroPharma, in the aggregate $1,568,567, into 1,148,275 shares of common stock. As a result of these transactions and the third party investment, QuantRx’ ownership interest in FluoroPharma’s issued and outstanding capital stock was reduced to approximately 45%, a noncontrolling interest, which will result in deconsolidation in the second quarter of 2009.
 
Consolidated Results of Operations
 
Net operating revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were $159,488 and $92,172, respectively. The increase in revenues of $67,316 is due primarily to revenues of $33,335 related to short-term research and development agreements and $16,536 in royalty income.
 
General and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was $721,344 and $683,644, respectively. The increase of $37,700 primarily reflects an increase in personnel related expenses of $153,060, primarily due to stock based compensation, offset by cost containment efforts, particularly in travel and related expenses.
 
Professional fees for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, were $95,050 and $323,068, respectively.  Professional fees include the costs of legal, consulting and auditing services provided to us. The decrease of $228,018 primarily reflects decreased legal fees of $127,443; decreased FDA regulatory consulting of $40,966; and decreased investor and public relation consulting of $29,467.
 
Research and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, was $235,000 and $477,012, respectively. The decrease of $242,012 is due primarily to a decrease in contract research and development of $90,279, decreased personnel and related expenses of $85,857 and decreased materials and supplies of $30,335.
 
The Company’s net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was $1,140,126 and $2,017,241, respectively. The decreased net loss is primarily due to a $439,445 loss on extinguishment of convertible notes in the first quarter of 2008 and increased cost containment efforts. These decreases were offset by an increase of $225,921 in interest expense, including amortization of debt discount and deferred finance costs, resulting from our increased debt financing activity.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
As of March 31, 2009, QuantRx had cash and cash equivalents of $370,759, as compared to cash and cash equivalents of $66,226 as of December 31, 2008. The net increase in cash of $304,533 for the three months ended March 31, 2009, is primarily attributed to $440,000 in net proceeds from the issuance of 10% senior secured convertible notes and 8% promissory notes in the first quarter of 2009 (see Note 10 to the financial statements) and $350,000 paid for stock subscriptions related to FluoroPharma, offset by net cash used for operating activities of $362,627. In addition, QuantRx has invested $75,000 in deposits for an asset acquisition. QuantRx has used its financing proceeds as well as its revenues to fund current operating expenses and investments intended to strategically expand our platforms and technologies.
 
 
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The Company has not generated sufficient revenues from operations to meet its operating expenses. For this reason, the Company has historically financed its operations primarily through issuances of equity and the proceeds of debt instruments. In the past, the Company has also provided for its cash needs by issuing common stock, options and warrants for certain operating costs, including consulting and professional fees. The Company’s board is contemplating additional cost reduction efforts to allow additional time to secure required funding.
 
Management believes that given our current cash position, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We are actively pursuing various funding options, including equity offerings, debt financing, strategic corporate alliances, and business combinations, to obtain additional financing to continue the development of our products and bring them to commercial markets. The Company is currently negotiating several potential transactions; however, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to raise additional capital. Additionally, certain of our debt instruments contain certain covenants which could limit our ability to issue additional debt. Should we be unable to acquire necessary waivers from certain of our existing note holders or raise adequate financing or generate sufficient revenue in the future, the Company’s business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition would be materially and adversely harmed.
 
The Company believes that the successful growth and operation of its business is dependent upon its ability to do any or all of the following:
 
 
·
obtain adequate sources of debt or equity financing to pay operating expenses and fund long-term business operations;
 
 
·
manage or control working capital requirements by reducing operating expenses;
 
 
·
develop new and enhance existing relationships with product distributors and other points of distribution for the Company’s products; and
 
 
·
seek potential mergers or acquisitions that could be expected to generate positive cash flow for the Company upon consummation, assuming appropriate financing structures are available on acceptable terms in order to effect such acquisitions.
 
There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in achieving its long-term plans as set forth above, or that such plans, if consummated, will enable the Company to obtain profitable operations or continue in the long-term as a going concern.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We have not entered into any transactions with unconsolidated entities in which we have financial guarantees, subordinated retained interests, derivative instruments or other contingent arrangements that expose us to material continuing risks, contingent liabilities or any other obligations under a variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides us with financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support.
 
 
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Critical Accounting Policies
 
Revenue Recognition
 
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 13 when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and delivery has occurred, provided the fee is fixed or determinable and collection is probable. The Company assesses whether the fee is fixed and determinable based on the payment terms associated with the transaction. If a fee is based upon a variable such as acceptance by the customer, the Company accounts for the fee as not being fixed and determinable. In these cases, the Company defers revenue and recognizes it when it becomes due and payable. Up-front engagement fees are recorded as deferred revenue and amortized to income on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement, although the fee is due and payable at the time the agreement is signed or upon annual renewal. Payments related to substantive, performance-based milestones in an agreement are recognized as revenue upon the achievement of the milestones as specified in the underlying agreement when they represent the culmination of the earnings process.
 
The Company assesses the probability of collection based on a number of factors, including past transaction history with the customer and the current financial condition of the customer. If the Company determines that collection of a fee is not reasonably assured, revenue is deferred until the time collection becomes reasonably assured. Significant management judgment and estimates must be made and used in connection with the revenue recognized in any accounting period. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of our revenue for any period if our management made different judgments or utilized different estimates.
 
The Company recognizes revenue from nonrefundable minimum royalty agreements from distributors or resellers upon delivery of product to the distributor or reseller, provided no significant obligations remain outstanding, the fee is fixed and determinable, and collection is probable. Once minimum royalties have been received, additional royalties are recognized as revenue when earned based on the distributor’s contractual reporting obligations. QuantRx is able to recognize minimum royalty payments on an accrual basis, as they are specified in the contract. However, since the Company cannot forecast product sales by licensees, royalty payments that are based on product sales by the licensees are not determinable until the licensee has completed their computation of the royalties due and/or remitted their cash payment to us. Should information on licensee product sales become available so as to enable QuantRx to recognize royalty revenue on an accrual basis, materially different revenues and results of operations could occur.
 
Our strategy includes entering into collaborative agreements with strategic partners for the development, commercialization and distribution of our product candidates. Such collaboration agreements may have multiple deliverables. We evaluate multiple deliverable arrangements pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.” Pursuant to EITF 00-21, in arrangements with multiple deliverables where we have continuing performance obligations, contract, milestone and license fees are recognized as revenue together with any up-front payments over the term of the arrangement as performance obligations are completed, unless the deliverable has stand-alone value and there is objective, reliable evidence of fair value of the undelivered element in the arrangement. In the case of an arrangement where it is determined there is a single unit of accounting, all cash flows from the arrangement are considered in the determination of all revenue to be recognized. Cash received in advance of revenue recognition is recorded as deferred revenue.
 
 
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Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities in the financial statements and accompanying notes. The accounting policies discussed below are considered by management to be the most important to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, and require management to make its most difficult and subjective judgments due to the inherent uncertainty associated with these matters. All significant estimates and assumptions are developed based on the best information available to us at the time made and are regularly reviewed and adjusted when necessary. We believe that our estimates and assumptions are reasonable under the circumstances; however, actual results may vary from these estimates and assumptions. Additional information on significant accounting principles is provided in Note 1 of the attached financial statements.
 
Impairment of Assets
 
We assess the impairment of long-lived assets, including our other intangible assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” The determination of related estimated useful lives and whether or not these assets are impaired involves significant judgments, related primarily to the future profitability and/or future value of the assets. Changes in our strategic plan and/or market conditions could significantly impact these judgments and could require adjustments to recorded asset balances. We hold investments in companies having operations or technologies in areas which are within or adjacent to our strategic focus when acquired, all of which are privately held and whose values are difficult to determine. We record an investment impairment charge if we believe an investment has experienced a decline in value that is other than temporary. Future changes in our strategic direction, adverse changes in market conditions or poor operating results of underlying investments could result in losses or an inability to recover the carrying value of the investments that may not be reflected in an investment’s current carrying value, thereby possibly requiring an impairment charge in the future.
 
We performed annual impairment tests of our equity method goodwill in accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” Under SFAS No. 142, equity method goodwill is not amortized but is subject to impairment tests in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock,” under which QuantRx would have recognized an impairment loss had there been a loss in the value of the equity method goodwill which was deemed to be other than a temporary decline.
 
In determining fair value of assets, QuantRx bases estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual fair value may differ from management estimates resulting in potential impairments causing material changes to certain assets and results of operations.
 
 
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Share-based Payments
 
We grant options to purchase our common stock to our employees and directors under our stock option plan subject to the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payments.”
 
We estimate the value of stock option awards on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes pricing model (Black-Scholes model). The determination of the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to, our expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, and risk-free interest rate. If factors change and we employ different assumptions in the application of SFAS No. 123(R) in future periods, the compensation expense that we record under SFAS No. 123(R) may differ significantly from what we have recorded in the current period.
 
We account for share-based compensation awards granted to non-employees in accordance with EITF No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services.” Under EITF 96-18, we determine the fair value of the share-based compensation awards granted as either the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. If the fair value of the equity instruments issued is used, it is measured using the stock price and other measurement assumptions as of the earlier of either of (1) the date at which a commitment for performance by the counterparty to earn the equity instruments is reached or (2) the date at which the counterparty’s performance is complete.
 
Estimates of share-based compensation expenses are significant to our financial statements, but these expenses are based on option valuation models and will never result in the payment of cash by us.
 
The above listing is not intended to be a comprehensive list of all of our accounting policies. In most cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.
 
ITEM 4T.
Controls and Procedures
 
(a)           Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our SEC reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is communicated to our management including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer as appropriate. With the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e)), as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2009.
 
 
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(b)          Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
During the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Given the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, will have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and that the benefits of a control system must be considered relative to its cost. The design of any system of controls is also based in part on certain assumptions regarding the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
 
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1.
Legal Proceedings.
 
As of the date hereof, the Company has no pending or threatened litigation.
 
ITEM 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, and Use of Proceeds
 
In the second quarter of 2009, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 15,000 shares of common stock with a five year term and an exercise price of $0.55 in connection with the issuance of certain 8% promissory notes to accredited investors.  See Note 15, Subsequent Events.
 
There were no additional sales of unregistered securities other than as reported in prior reports on Forms 10-K, 10-Q or 8-K.
 
The issuances of the above securities were deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in reliance on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act or Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act, as transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering.
 
ITEM 3. 
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
None.
 
ITEM 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
 
None.
 
 
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ITEM 5.
Other Information
 
None.
 
ITEM 6. 
Exhibits
 
Exhibit
 
Description
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer required under Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer required under Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
32.1*
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer required under Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
     
32.2*
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer required under Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

*The certifications attached as Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not be deemed “filed” by QuantRx Biomedical Corporation for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act.

 
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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
QuantRx Biomedical Corporation
       
Date:   May 15, 2009
 
By:
/s/ Walter Witoshkin 
   
Walter Witoshkin
   
Chairman & CEO
       
Date:   May 15, 2009
 
By:
 /s/ Sasha Afanassiev
   
Sasha Afanassiev
   
CFO, Treasurer & VP of Finance

 
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