RADIAN GROUP INC - Quarter Report: 2019 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_____________________________

FORM 10-Q

_____________________________

(Mark One)



☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019



☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 1-11356

_______________________________

Radian Group Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

_______________________________



Delaware					23-2691170
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)					(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1500 Market Street	,	Philadelphia	,	PA	19102
(Address of principal executive offices)					(Zip Code)

(215) 231-1000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share	RDN	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 203,280,541 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, outstanding on August 2, 2019.



	TABLE OF CONTENTS
		Page Number
Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms		3
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements—Safe Harbor Provisions		7
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	9
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	9
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	10
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	11
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Common Stockholders’ Equity	12
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	13
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	14
	Note 1 - Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Business Overview and Significant Accounting Policies	14
	Note 2 - Net Income Per Share	16
	Note 3 - Segment Reporting	16
	Note 4 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments	18
	Note 5 - Investments	22
	Note 6 - Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets, Net	25
	Note 7 - Reinsurance	26
	Note 8 - Other Assets	29
	Note 9 - Income Taxes	29
	Note 10 - Losses and Loss Adjustment Expense	30
	Note 11 - Borrowings and Financing Activities	31
	Note 12 - Commitments and Contingencies	32
	Note 13 - Capital Stock	35
	Note 14 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	36
	Note 15 - Statutory Information	36
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	37
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	63
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	63

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	64
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	64
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	65
Item 6.	Exhibits	66

SIGNATURES		67

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GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

The following list defines various abbreviations and acronyms used throughout this report, including the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.



Term	Definition
2014 Master Policy	Radian Guaranty’s master insurance policy, setting forth the terms and conditions of our mortgage insurance coverage, which became effective October 1, 2014
2016 Single Premium QSR Agreement	Quota share reinsurance agreement entered into with a panel of third-party reinsurance providers in the first quarter of 2016 and subsequently amended in the fourth quarter of 2017
2018 Single Premium QSR Agreement	Quota share reinsurance agreement entered into with a panel of third-party reinsurance providers in October 2017 to cede a portion of Single Premium NIW beginning January 1, 2018
ABS	Asset-backed securities
ASU	Accounting Standards Update, issued by the FASB to communicate changes to GAAP
Available Assets	As defined in the PMIERs, assets primarily including the liquid assets of a mortgage insurer, and reduced by premiums received but not yet earned
Back-end	With respect to credit risk transfer programs established by the GSEs, policies written on loans that are already part of an existing GSE portfolio, as contrasted with loans that are to be purchased by the GSEs in the future
CCF	Conservatorship Capital Framework
CFPB	Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Claim Curtailment	Our legal right, under certain conditions, to reduce the amount of a claim, including due to servicer negligence
Claim Denial	Our legal right, under certain conditions, to deny a claim
Claim Severity	The total claim amount paid divided by the original coverage amount
Clayton	Clayton Holdings LLC, a subsidiary of Radian Group
Clayton Intercompany Note	A $300 million note payable from Radian Mortgage Services Inc. (formerly Clayton Group Holdings Inc.) to Radian Group (with terms consistent with the terms of our Senior Notes due 2019 that were used to fund our purchase of Clayton)
CMBS	Commercial mortgage-backed securities
Cures	Loans that were in default as of the beginning of a period and are no longer in default because payments were received such that the loan is no longer 60 or more days past due
Default to Claim Rate	The percentage of defaulted loans that are assumed to result in a claim
Discrete Item(s)	For tax calculation purposes, certain items that are required to be accounted for in the provision for income taxes as they occur and are not considered components of the estimated annualized effective tax rate for purposes of reporting interim results. Generally, these are items that are: (i) clearly defined (such as changes in tax rate or tax law); (ii) infrequent or unusual in nature; or (iii) gains or losses that are not components of continuing operating income, such as income from discontinued operations or losses reflected as components of other comprehensive income. These items impact the difference between the statutory rate and Radian’s effective tax rate.
Dodd-Frank Act	Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as amended
Eagle Re 2018-1	Eagle Re 2018-1 Ltd., an unaffiliated special purpose reinsurer (a VIE) domiciled in Bermuda
Eagle Re 2019-1	Eagle Re 2019-1 Ltd., an unaffiliated special purpose reinsurer (a VIE) domiciled in Bermuda
Eagle Re Issuer(s)	Eagle Re 2018-1 Ltd. and Eagle Re 2019-1 Ltd.

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Term	Definition
Excess-of-Loss Program	The credit risk protection obtained by Radian Guaranty in November 2018, including: (i) the excess-of-loss reinsurance agreement with Eagle Re 2018-1, in connection with the issuance by Eagle Re 2018-1 of mortgage insurance-linked notes, and (ii) a separate excess-of-loss reinsurance agreement with a third-party reinsurer. Excess-of-loss reinsurance is a type of reinsurance that indemnifies the ceding company against loss in excess of a specific agreed limit, up to a specified sum. Effective in April 2019, it also includes the new credit risk protection obtained through an excess-of-loss reinsurance agreement with Eagle Re 2019-1, in connection with the issuance by Eagle Re 2019-1 of mortgage insurance-linked notes.
Exchange Act	Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
Extraordinary Distribution	A dividend or distribution of capital that is required to be approved by an insurance company’s primary regulator that is greater than would be permitted as an ordinary distribution (which does not require regulatory approval)
Fannie Mae	Federal National Mortgage Association
FASB	Financial Accounting Standards Board
FEMA	Federal Emergency Management Agency, an agency of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security
FEMA Designated Area	Generally, an area that has been subject to a disaster, designated by FEMA as an individual assistance disaster area for the purpose of determining eligibility for various forms of federal assistance
FHA	Federal Housing Administration
FHFA	Federal Housing Finance Agency
FHLB	Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh
FICO	Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) credit scores, for Radian’s portfolio statistics, represent the borrower’s credit score at origination and, in circumstances where there are multiple borrowers, the lowest of the borrowers’ FICO scores is utilized
Five Bridges	Five Bridges Advisors, LLC. Radian acquired the assets of Five Bridges in December 2018
Foreclosure Stage Default	The Stage of Default indicating that the foreclosure sale has been scheduled or held
Freddie Mac	Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
Front-end	With respect to credit risk transfer programs established by the GSEs, policies written on loans that are to be purchased by the GSEs in the future, as contrasted with loans that are already part of an existing GSE portfolio
GAAP	Generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S., as amended from time to time
GSE(s)	Government-Sponsored Enterprises (Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac)
HARP	Home Affordable Refinance Program
IBNR	Losses incurred but not reported
IIF	Insurance in force, equal to the aggregate unpaid principal balances of the underlying loans
IRC	Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
IRS	Internal Revenue Service
IRS Matter	Our dispute with the IRS that we settled and fully resolved in the second quarter of 2018 that was related to the assessed tax liabilities, penalties and interest from the IRS’s examination of our 2000 through 2007 consolidated federal income tax returns.
LAE	Loss adjustment expenses, which include the cost of investigating and adjusting losses and paying claims
Loss Mitigation Activity/Activities	Activities such as Rescissions, Claim Denials, Claim Curtailments and cancellations
LTV	Loan-to-value ratio, calculated as the percentage of the original loan amount to the original value of the property
Master Policies	The Prior Master Policy and the 2014 Master Policy, together
Minimum Required Assets	A risk-based minimum required asset amount, as defined in the PMIERs, calculated based on net RIF (RIF, net of credits permitted for reinsurance) and a variety of measures related to expected credit performance and other factors

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Term	Definition
Monthly and Other Recurring Premiums (or Recurring Premium Policies)	Insurance premiums or policies, respectively, where premiums are paid on a monthly or other installment basis, in contrast to Single Premium Policies
Monthly Premium Policies	Insurance policies where premiums are paid on a monthly installment basis
Moody’s	Moody’s Investors Service
Mortgage Insurance	Radian's mortgage insurance and risk services business segment, which provides credit-related insurance coverage, principally through private mortgage insurance on residential first-lien mortgage loans, as well as other credit risk management solutions to mortgage lending institutions and mortgage credit investors
MPP Requirement	Certain states’ statutory or regulatory risk-based capital requirement that the mortgage insurer must maintain a minimum policyholder position, which is calculated based on both risk and surplus levels
NIW	New insurance written
NOL	Net operating loss; for tax purposes, accumulated during years a company reported more tax deductions than taxable income. NOLs may be carried back or carried forward a certain number of years, depending on various factors which can reduce a company’s tax liability.
Persistency Rate	The percentage of IIF that remains in force over a period of time
PMIERs	Private Mortgage Insurer Eligibility Requirements issued by the GSEs under oversight of the FHFA to set forth requirements an approved insurer must meet and maintain to provide mortgage guaranty insurance on loans acquired by the GSEs
PMIERs 1.0	The original PMIERs effective on December 31, 2015
PMIERs 2.0	The revised PMIERs issued by the GSEs on September 27, 2018, which became effective on March 31, 2019
Pool Insurance	Pool Insurance differs from primary insurance in that our maximum liability is not limited to a specific coverage percentage on an individual mortgage loan. Instead, an aggregate exposure limit, or “stop loss,” is applied to the initial aggregate loan balance on a group or “pool” of mortgages.
Prior Master Policy	Radian Guaranty’s master insurance policy, setting forth the terms and conditions of our mortgage insurance coverage, which was in effect prior to the effective date of the 2014 Master Policy
QM	A mortgage that possesses certain low-risk characteristics that enable it to qualify for lender protection under the ability to repay rule instituted by the Dodd-Frank Act
QSR Program	The quota share reinsurance agreements entered into with a third-party reinsurance provider in the second and fourth quarters of 2012, collectively
Radian	Radian Group Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries
Radian Group	Radian Group Inc.
Radian Guaranty	Radian Guaranty Inc., a Pennsylvania domiciled insurance subsidiary of Radian Group
Radian Reinsurance	Radian Reinsurance Inc., a Pennsylvania domiciled insurance subsidiary of Radian Group
Radian Title Insurance	Radian Title Insurance Inc., formerly known as EnTitle Insurance, an Ohio domiciled insurance subsidiary of Radian Group
RBC States	Risk-based capital states, which are those states that currently impose a statutory or regulatory risk-based capital requirement
Reinstatements	Reversals of previous Rescissions, Claim Denials and Claim Curtailments
REO	Real estate owned
Rescission	Our legal right, under certain conditions, to unilaterally rescind coverage on our mortgage insurance policies if we determine that a loan did not qualify for insurance
RIF	Risk in force; for primary insurance, RIF is equal to the underlying loan unpaid principal balance multiplied by the insurance coverage percentage, whereas for Pool Insurance, it represents the remaining exposure under the agreements

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Term	Definition
Risk-to-capital	Under certain state regulations, a maximum ratio of net RIF calculated relative to the level of statutory capital
RMBS	Residential mortgage-backed securities
S&P	Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC
SAPP	Statutory accounting principles and practices, including those required or permitted, if applicable, by the insurance departments of the respective states of domicile of our insurance subsidiaries
SEC	United States Securities and Exchange Commission
Senior Notes due 2019	Our 5.500% unsecured senior notes due June 2019 ($300 million original principal amount)
Senior Notes due 2020	Our 5.250% unsecured senior notes due June 2020 ($350 million original principal amount)
Senior Notes due 2021	Our 7.000% unsecured senior notes due March 2021 ($350 million original principal amount)
Senior Notes due 2024	Our 4.500% unsecured senior notes due October 2024 ($450 million original principal amount)
Senior Notes due 2027	Our 4.875% unsecured senior notes due March 2027 ($450 million original principal amount)
Services	Radian's mortgage, real estate and title services business segment, which is primarily a fee-for-service business that offers a broad array of mortgage, real estate and title services to market participants across the mortgage and real estate value chain
Single Premium NIW / RIF / IIF	NIW, RIF or IIF, respectively, on Single Premium Policies
Single Premium Policy / Policies	Insurance policies where premiums are paid in a single payment, which includes policies written on an individual basis (as each loan is originated) and on an aggregated basis (in which each individual loan in a group of loans is insured in a single transaction, typically shortly after the loans have been originated)
Single Premium QSR Program	The 2016 Single Premium QSR Agreement and the 2018 Single Premium QSR Agreement, together
Stage of Default	The stage a loan is in relative to the foreclosure process, based on whether a foreclosure sale has been scheduled or held
Statutory RBC Requirement	Risk-based capital requirement imposed by the RBC States, requiring a minimum surplus level and, in certain states, a minimum ratio of statutory capital relative to the level of risk
Surplus Note	An intercompany 0.000% surplus note issued by Radian Guaranty to Radian Group
Time in Default	The time period from the point a loan reaches default status (based on the month the default occurred) to the current reporting date
U.S.	The United States of America
U.S. Treasury	United States Department of the Treasury
VA	U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
VIE	Variable interest entity

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Glossary

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements—Safe Harbor Provisions

All statements in this report that address events, developments or results that we expect or anticipate may occur in the future are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 21E of the Exchange Act and the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In most cases, forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “contemplate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “project,” “potential,” “continue,” “seek,” “strategy,” “future,” “likely” or the negative or other variations on these words and other similar expressions. These statements, which may include, without limitation, projections regarding our future performance and financial condition, are made on the basis of management’s current views and assumptions with respect to future events. Any forward-looking statement is not a guarantee of future performance and actual results could differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statement. These statements speak only as of the date they were made, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. We operate in a changing environment where new risks emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risks that may affect us. The forward-looking statements, as well as our prospects as a whole, are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, without limitation:


•	changes in economic and political conditions that impact the size of the insurable market, the credit performance of our insured portfolio, and our business prospects;


•	changes in the way customers, investors, ratings agencies, regulators or legislators perceive our performance, financial strength and future prospects;

•

Radian Guaranty’s ability to remain eligible under the PMIERs and other applicable requirements imposed by the FHFA and by the GSEs to insure loans purchased by the GSEs, including potential future changes to the PMIERs which, among other things, may be impacted by the general economic environment and housing market, as well as the proposed CCF that would establish capital requirements for the GSEs, if the CCF is finalized;


•	our ability to successfully execute and implement our capital plans, including our risk distribution strategy through the capital markets and reinsurance markets, and to maintain sufficient holding company liquidity to meet our short- and long-term liquidity needs;


•	our ability to successfully execute and implement our business plans and strategies, including plans and strategies to reposition and grow our Services segment as well as plans and strategies that require GSE and/or regulatory approvals and licenses;


•	our ability to maintain an adequate level of capital in our insurance subsidiaries to satisfy existing and future regulatory requirements;

•

changes in the charters or business practices of, or rules or regulations imposed by or applicable to, the GSEs, which may include changes in the requirements to remain an approved insurer to the GSEs, the GSEs’ interpretation and application of the PMIERs, as well as changes impacting loans purchased by the GSEs, such as whether GSE eligible loans meet the QM loan requirements under applicable law, the GSEs’ requirements regarding mortgage credit and loan size and the GSEs’ pricing;


•	changes in the current housing finance system in the U.S., including the role of the FHA, the GSEs and private mortgage insurers in this system;


•	any disruption in the servicing of mortgages covered by our insurance policies, as well as poor servicer performance;


•	a decrease in the Persistency Rates of our mortgage insurance on monthly premium products;


•	competition in our mortgage insurance business, including price competition and competition from the FHA and VA as well as from other forms of credit enhancement, including GSE sponsored alternatives to traditional mortgage insurance;


•	the effect of the Dodd-Frank Act on the financial services industry in general, and on our businesses in particular, including future changes to the QM loan requirements, which currently are subject to an Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking issued by the CFPB;


•	legislative and regulatory activity (or inactivity), including the adoption of (or failure to adopt) new laws and regulations, or changes in existing laws and regulations, or the way they are interpreted or applied;

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Glossary


•	legal and regulatory claims, assertions, actions, reviews, audits, inquiries and investigations that could result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, injunctions, restitutions or other relief that could require significant expenditures, new or increased reserves or have other effects on our business;


•	the amount and timing of potential settlements, payments or adjustments associated with federal or other tax examinations;

•

the possibility that we may fail to estimate accurately the likelihood, magnitude and timing of losses in establishing loss reserves for our mortgage insurance business or to accurately calculate and/or project our Available Assets and Minimum Required Assets under the PMIERs, which will be impacted by, among other things, the size and mix of our IIF, the level of defaults in our portfolio, the level of cash flow generated by our insurance operations and our risk distribution strategies;


•	volatility in our financial results caused by changes in the fair value of our assets and liabilities, including our investment portfolio;


•	potential future impairment charges related to our goodwill and other acquired intangible assets;


•	changes in GAAP or SAPP rules and guidance, or their interpretation;


•	our ability to attract and retain key employees; and


•	legal and other limitations on amounts we may receive from our subsidiaries, including dividends or ordinary course distributions under our internal tax- and expense-sharing arrangements.

For more information regarding these risks and uncertainties as well as certain additional risks that we face, you should refer to the Risk Factors detailed in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, and to subsequent reports filed from time to time with the SEC. We caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are current only as of the date on which we issued this report. We do not intend to, and we disclaim any duty or obligation to, update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or future events or for any other reason.

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Glossary

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Radian Group Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)



($ in thousands, except per-share amounts)	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018

Assets
Investments (Note 5)
Fixed-maturities available for sale—at fair value (amortized cost $4,003,367 and $4,098,962)	$	4,113,650		$	4,021,575
Trading securities—at fair value (amortized cost of $319,021 and $468,696)	337,017			469,071
Equity securities—at fair value (cost of $148,635 and $139,377)	149,954			130,565
Short-term investments—at fair value (includes $20,862 and $11,699 of reinvested cash collateral held under securities lending agreements)	909,880			528,403
Other invested assets—at fair value	2,818			3,415
Total investments	5,513,319			5,153,029
Cash	74,111			95,393
Restricted cash	5,007			11,609
Accounts and notes receivable	122,104			78,652
Deferred income taxes, net (Note 9)	6,872			131,643
Goodwill and other acquired intangible assets, net (Note 6)	54,672			58,998
Prepaid reinsurance premium	385,805			417,628
Other assets (Note 8)	430,236			367,700
Total assets	$	6,592,126		$	6,314,652

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Unearned premiums	$	666,354		$	739,357
Reserve for losses and loss adjustment expense (Note 10)	405,278			401,361
Senior notes (Note 11)	982,890			1,030,348
FHLB advances (Note 11)	106,382			82,532
Reinsurance funds withheld	339,641			321,212
Other liabilities	308,337			251,127
Total liabilities	2,808,882			2,825,937
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock: par value $0.001 per share; 485,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018; 223,312 and 231,132 shares issued at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively; 205,399 and 213,473 shares outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	223			231
Treasury stock, at cost: 17,913 and 17,660 shares at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	(901,419		)	(894,870		)
Additional paid-in capital	2,539,803			2,724,733
Retained earnings	2,056,175			1,719,541
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (Note 14)	88,462			(60,920		)
Total stockholders’ equity	3,783,244			3,488,715
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	6,592,126		$	6,314,652

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Glossary

Radian Group Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)



	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands, except per-share amounts)	2019		2018			2019		2018
Revenues:
Net premiums earned—insurance	$	299,166	$	251,344		$	562,678	$	493,894
Services revenue	39,303		36,828			72,056		69,992
Net investment income	43,761		37,473			87,608		71,429
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments	12,540		(7,404		)	34,453		(26,291		)
Other income	194		1,016			1,798		1,823
Total revenues	394,964		319,257			758,593		610,847
Expenses:
Provision for losses	47,427		19,337			68,181		56,620
Policy acquisition costs	6,203		5,996			12,096		13,113
Cost of services	27,845		24,205			52,002		47,331
Other operating expenses	70,046		70,184			148,851		133,427
Restructuring and other exit costs	—		925			—		1,476
Interest expense	14,961		15,291			30,658		30,371
Loss on extinguishment of debt	16,798		—			16,798		—
Amortization and impairment of other acquired intangible assets	2,139		2,748			4,326		5,496
Total expenses	185,419		138,686			332,912		287,834
Pretax income	209,545		180,571			425,681		323,013
Income tax provision (benefit)	42,815		(28,378		)	87,994		(422		)
Net income	$	166,730	$	208,949		$	337,687	$	323,435

Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.80	$	0.98		$	1.60	$	1.50
Diluted	$	0.78	$	0.96		$	1.56	$	1.48

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding—basic	208,097		213,976			211,264		215,049
Weighted-average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding—diluted	213,603		217,830			216,500		218,741

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Radian Group Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018

Net income	$	166,730		$	208,949		$	337,687		$	323,435
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (Note 14):
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period	72,000			(27,804		)	150,023			(88,447		)
Less: Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) included in net income	1,029			(1,336		)	638			(4,468		)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments	70,971			(26,468		)	149,385			(83,979		)
Net foreign currency translation adjustments	(3		)	—			(3		)	3
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	70,968			(26,468		)	149,382			(83,976		)
Comprehensive income	$	237,698		$	182,481		$	487,069		$	239,459

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Radian Group Inc.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN COMMON STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Common Stock
Balance, beginning of period	$	230		$	233		$	231		$	233
Issuance of common stock under incentive and benefit plans	1			1			1			1
Shares repurchased under share repurchase program (Note 13)	(8		)	(3		)	(9		)	(3		)
Balance, end of period	223			231			223			231

Treasury Stock
Balance, beginning of period	(895,321		)	(894,191		)	(894,870		)	(893,888		)
Repurchases of common stock under incentive plans	(6,098		)	(419		)	(6,549		)	(722		)
Balance, end of period	(901,419		)	(894,610		)	(901,419		)	(894,610		)

Additional Paid-in Capital
Balance, beginning of period	2,697,724			2,748,233			2,724,733			2,754,275
Issuance of common stock under incentive and benefit plans	1,689			146			2,758			1,579
Share-based compensation	6,255			7,094			9,950			9,622
Shares repurchased under share repurchase program (Note 13)	(165,865		)	(40,047		)	(197,638		)	(50,050		)
Balance, end of period	2,539,803			2,715,426			2,539,803			2,715,426

Retained Earnings
Balance, beginning of period	1,889,964			1,229,616			1,719,541			1,116,333
Cumulative effect of adopting accounting standard updates	—			—			—			(663		)
Net income	166,730			208,949			337,687			323,435
Dividends declared	(519		)	(533		)	(1,053		)	(1,073		)
Balance, end of period	2,056,175			1,438,032			2,056,175			1,438,032

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance, beginning of period	17,494			(31,475		)	(60,920		)	23,085
Cumulative effect of adopting accounting standard updates	—			—			—			2,948
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax	70,971			(26,468		)	149,385			(83,979		)
Net foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	(3		)	—			(3		)	3
Balance, end of period	88,462			(57,943		)	88,462			(57,943		)

Total Stockholders’ Equity	$	3,783,244		$	3,201,136		$	3,783,244		$	3,201,136

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Glossary



Radian Group Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands)	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	338,129		$	300,822
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sales of:
Fixed-maturities available for sale	568,351			348,082
Trading securities	111,713			16,639
Equity securities	39,818			82,701
Proceeds from redemptions of:
Fixed-maturities available for sale	184,464			219,825
Trading securities	35,852			33,849
Purchases of:
Fixed-maturities available for sale	(665,882		)	(807,204		)
Equity securities	(31,853		)	(52,357		)
Sales, redemptions and (purchases) of:
Short-term investments, net	(372,540		)	(205,566		)
Other assets and other invested assets, net	490			293
Purchases of property and equipment, net	(15,207		)	(12,328		)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	—			(634		)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(144,794		)	(376,700		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Dividends paid	(1,053		)	(1,073		)
Issuance of senior notes, net	442,937			—
Repayments and repurchases of senior notes	(508,017		)	—
Issuance of common stock	1,268			810
Repurchases of common shares	(188,817		)	(50,053		)
Credit facility commitment fees paid	(471		)	(405		)
Change in secured borrowings, net (with terms less than 3 months)	11,563			119,631
Proceeds from secured borrowings (with terms greater than 3 months)	36,000			15,544
Repayments of secured borrowings (with terms greater than 3 months)	(14,550		)	—
Repayments of other borrowings	(75		)	(94		)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(221,215		)	84,360
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and restricted cash	(4		)	(1		)
Increase (decrease) in cash and restricted cash	(27,884		)	8,481
Cash and restricted cash, beginning of period	107,002			96,244
Cash and restricted cash, end of period	$	79,118		$	104,725

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Glossary

Radian Group Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Business Overview and Significant Accounting Policies

Business Overview

We are a diversified mortgage and real estate services business, providing both credit-related insurance coverage and other credit risk management solutions, as well as a broad array of mortgage, real estate and title services. We have two reportable business segments—Mortgage Insurance and Services.

Mortgage Insurance

Our Mortgage Insurance segment provides credit-related insurance coverage, principally through private mortgage insurance on residential first-lien mortgage loans, as well as other credit risk management solutions, to mortgage lending institutions and mortgage credit investors. We provide our mortgage insurance products and services mainly through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Radian Guaranty. Private mortgage insurance plays an important role in the U.S. housing finance system because it promotes affordable home ownership and helps protect mortgage lenders, investors and other beneficiaries by mitigating default-related losses on residential mortgage loans. Generally, these loans are made to homebuyers who make down payments of less than 20% of the purchase price for their home or, in the case of refinancings, have less than 20% equity in their home. Private mortgage insurance also facilitates the sale of these low down payment loans in the secondary mortgage market, most of which are currently sold to the GSEs. Our total direct primary mortgage IIF and RIF were $230.8 billion and $59.1 billion, respectively, as of June 30, 2019.

Services

Our Services segment is primarily a fee-for-service business that offers a broad array of services to market participants across the mortgage and real estate value chain. These services comprise mortgage services, real estate services and title services, including technology and turn-key solutions, that provide information and other resources used to originate, evaluate, acquire, securitize, service and monitor residential real estate and loans secured by residential real estate. These services are primarily provided to mortgage lenders, financial institutions, investors and government entities. In addition, we provide title insurance to mortgage lenders as well as directly to borrowers.

Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and include the accounts of Radian Group Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions, and intercompany profits and losses, have been eliminated. We have condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP pursuant to the instructions set forth in Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC.

We refer to Radian Group Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries as “Radian,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our,” unless the context requires otherwise. We generally refer to Radian Group Inc. alone, without its consolidated subsidiaries, as “Radian Group.” Unless otherwise defined in this report, certain terms and acronyms used throughout this report are defined in the Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms included as part of this report.

The financial information presented for interim periods is unaudited; however, such information reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair statement of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from our audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP.

To fully understand the basis of presentation, these interim financial statements and related notes contained herein should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2018 Form 10-K. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or for any other period. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of our contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the

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Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

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financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. While the amounts included in our condensed consolidated financial statements include our best estimates and assumptions, actual results may vary materially.

Other Significant Accounting Policies

See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for information regarding other significant accounting policies. There have been no significant changes in our significant accounting policies from those discussed in our 2018 Form 10-K, other than described below in “—Recent Accounting Pronouncements—Accounting Standards Adopted During 2019.”

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Adopted During 2019. We adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases, (“ASU 2016-02”) on January 1, 2019. Most significantly, this update requires a lessee to recognize, as of the lease commencement date, a liability to make lease payments and an asset with respect to its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. Upon adoption for contracts in effect as of January 1, 2019, we recorded a lease liability of $73.5 million within other liabilities, and a right-of-use asset of $49.4 million within other assets, corresponding to the lease liability as adjusted for deferred rent and unamortized allowances and incentives of $24.1 million. We elected the optional transition method and the practical expedients for transitioning existing leases to the new standard as of the effective date. As a result of applying the practical expedients: (i) we did not reassess expired or existing contracts to determine if they contain additional leases; (ii) we did not reassess the lease classification for expired and existing leases; and (iii) we did not reassess initial direct costs for existing leases. Prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under previous lease guidance.

With respect to leases entered into subsequent to the adoption of this ASU, we determine if an arrangement includes a lease at inception. If it does, we recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and are recognized net of any payments made or received from the lessor. Lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease and are based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. In determining the net present value of lease payments, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date or as of our date of adoption, January 1, 2019.

Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. For lease agreements entered into after the adoption of this ASU that include lease and non-lease components, such components are generally not accounted for separately. We have elected the short-term exemption for contracts with lease terms of 12 months or less.

Our lease agreements primarily relate to operating leases for office space we use in our operations. Certain of our leases include renewal options and/or termination options that we did not consider in the determination of the right-of-use asset or the lease liability as we did not believe it was reasonably certain that we would exercise such options. Our lease agreements do not contain any variable lease payments, material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. We do not have material sublease agreements. As of June 30, 2019, there were no leases that had not yet commenced but that created significant rights and obligations for us. See Note 12 for more information about our lease agreements.

We adopted ASU 2017-08, Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs, on January 1, 2019. The new standard requires certain premiums on purchased callable debt securities to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amortization period for callable debt securities purchased at a discount will not be impacted. The adoption of this update did not have a material effect on our financial statements and disclosures.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance. This ASU and the associated subsequent amendments require that financial assets measured at their amortized cost basis be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities are to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses, rather than a write-down of the asset, with the amount of the allowance limited to the amount by which fair value is less than amortized cost. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. This update is not applicable to credit losses associated with our mortgage insurance policies. We are currently evaluating the scope and impact on our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-12, Financial Services-Insurance. The new standard: (i) requires that assumptions used to measure the liability for future policy benefits be reviewed at least annually; (ii) defines and simplifies the

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Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

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measurement of market risk benefits; (iii) simplifies the amortization of deferred acquisition costs; and (iv) enhances the required disclosures about long-duration contracts. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of this update and do not expect it to have a material effect on our financial statements and disclosures.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software. This ASU requires the capitalization of implementation costs for activities performed in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. The new standard aligns the accounting for implementation costs of hosting arrangements that are service contracts with the accounting for capitalizing internal-use software. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of the adoption of this update and do not expect it to have a material effect on our financial statements and disclosures.

In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, Derivatives and Hedging, and Financial Instruments. This update to the accounting standards regarding financial instruments and derivatives and hedging clarifies the accounting treatment for the measurement of credit losses and provides further clarification on previously issued updates. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently in the process of evaluating the new standard.

2. Net Income Per Share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, while diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the sum of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and the weighted-average number of dilutive potential common shares. Dilutive potential common shares relate to our share-based compensation arrangements.

The calculation of basic and diluted net income per share was as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands, except per-share amounts)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Net income—basic and diluted	$	166,730	$	208,949	$	337,687	$	323,435

Average common shares outstanding—basic	208,097		213,976		211,264		215,049
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation arrangements (1)	5,506		3,854		5,236		3,692
Adjusted average common shares outstanding—diluted	213,603		217,830		216,500		218,741

Net income per share:

Basic	$	0.80	$	0.98	$	1.60	$	1.50

Diluted	$	0.78	$	0.96	$	1.56	$	1.48

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(1)	The following number of shares of our common stock equivalents issued under our share-based compensation arrangements were not included in the calculation of diluted net income per share because they were anti-dilutive:



	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019	2018	2019	2018
Shares of common stock equivalents	168	484	168	351

3. Segment Reporting

We have two strategic business units that we manage separately—Mortgage Insurance and Services. Adjusted pretax operating income (loss) for each segment represents segment results on a standalone basis; therefore, inter-segment eliminations and reclassifications required for consolidated GAAP presentation have not been reflected. Inter-segment activities are recorded at market rates for segment reporting and eliminated in consolidation.

We allocate to our Mortgage Insurance segment: (i) corporate expenses based on the segment’s forecasted annual percentage of total revenue, which approximates the estimated percentage of time spent on the segment; (ii) except as described below for periods prior to January 1, 2019, all interest expense; and (iii) all net investment income from corporate cash and investments. Prior to January 1, 2019, interest expense related to the Clayton Intercompany Note was allocated to our Services segment. Effective January 1, 2019, Radian Group recapitalized the Services segment with a capital contribution that enabled the Services segment to repay the Clayton Intercompany Note and its accumulated allocated interest expense associated with the note, and effective as of the same date, all interest expense is allocated to our Mortgage Insurance segment.

We allocate to our Services segment: (i) corporate expenses based on the segment’s forecasted annual percentage of total revenue, which approximates the estimated percentage of time spent on the segment and (ii) until January 1, 2019, the allocated interest expense related to the Clayton Intercompany Note as discussed above.

With the exception of goodwill and other acquired intangible assets that relate to our Services segment, which are reviewed as part of our annual goodwill impairment assessment, we do not manage assets by segment.

Adjusted Pretax Operating Income (Loss)

Our senior management, including our Chief Executive Officer (Radian’s chief operating decision maker), uses adjusted pretax operating income (loss) as our primary measure to evaluate the fundamental financial performance of each of Radian’s business segments and to allocate resources to the segments. Adjusted pretax operating income (loss) is defined as pretax

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Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

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income (loss) excluding the effects of: (i) net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments; (ii) loss on extinguishment of debt; (iii) amortization and impairment of goodwill and other acquired intangible assets; and (iv) impairment of other long-lived assets and other non-operating items, such as losses from the sale of lines of business and acquisition-related expenses. See Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for detailed information regarding items excluded from adjusted pretax operating income (loss), including the reasons for their treatment.

Although adjusted pretax operating income (loss) excludes certain items that have occurred in the past and are expected to occur in the future, the excluded items represent those that are: (i) not viewed as part of the operating performance of our primary activities or (ii) not expected to result in an economic impact equal to the amount reflected in pretax income (loss).

The reconciliation of adjusted pretax operating income (loss) for our reportable segments to consolidated pretax income is as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,							Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019				2018			2019				2018
Adjusted pretax operating income (loss):
Mortgage Insurance	$	219,365		(1)	$	197,440		$	427,535		(1)	$	369,151
Services	(3,526		)		(6,431		)	(9,626		)		(14,039		)
Total adjusted pretax operating income	215,839				191,009			417,909				355,112

Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments	12,540				(7,404		)	34,453				(26,291		)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(16,798		)		—			(16,798		)		—
Amortization and impairment of other acquired intangible assets	(2,139		)		(2,748		)	(4,326		)		(5,496		)
Impairment of other long-lived assets and other non-operating items	103				(286		)	(5,557		)		(312		)
Consolidated pretax income	$	209,545			$	180,571		$	425,681			$	323,013

______________________


(1)	Includes a cumulative adjustment to unearned premiums recorded in the second quarter of 2019 related to an update to the amortization rates used to recognize revenue for Single Premium Policies, as further described below.

On a consolidated basis, “adjusted pretax operating income” is a measure not determined in accordance with GAAP. Total adjusted pretax operating income is not a measure of total profitability, and therefore should not be considered in isolation or viewed as a substitute for GAAP pretax income. Our definition of adjusted pretax operating income may not be comparable to similarly-named measures reported by other companies.

Our results for the second quarter of 2019 include a $32.9 million increase in net premiums earned and a $0.12 increase in net income per share due to a reduction in our unearned premiums, resulting from a cumulative adjustment related to an update to the amortization rates used to recognize revenue for Single Premium Policies. The update to our earned premium recognition factors also resulted in a $6.2 million reduction in other operating expenses and a $0.02 increase in net income per share in the second quarter of 2019 due to the acceleration of earned ceding commissions related to policies covered under our Single Premium QSR Program. This cumulative adjustment reflects a change in our estimate of the period over which we recognize premiums during the life of our mortgage insurance policies. We periodically review our premium recognition models, with any adjustments to the estimate reflected in current period income. See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for additional information regarding our accounting policies for insurance premiums revenue recognition.

We updated the amortization rates due to the continuing increase in the significance of borrower-paid Single Premium Policies in our portfolio following our rate reductions on borrower-paid Single Premium Policies in 2018. Under the Homeowners Protection Act of 1998 (“HPA”), borrower-paid policies must be canceled automatically on the date the LTV is scheduled to reach 78% of the original value (or, if the loan is not current on that date, on the date that the loan becomes current). As a result, given the shift in our mix of Single Premium Policies toward more borrower-paid Single Premium Policies than lender-paid, the average anticipated term of our Single Premium IIF is declining compared to historical levels. We updated our analysis to reflect not only this anticipated effect of HPA cancellations on borrower-paid policies, but also changes in observed and projected loss patterns for both borrower-paid and lender-paid policies.

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Glossary

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Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

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Revenue

The reconciliation of our reportable segment revenues to consolidated revenues is as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Reportable segment revenues:
Mortgage Insurance	$	340,520	(1)	$	287,036		$	647,159	(1)	$	564,349
Services	42,981			40,510			79,028			74,676
Total reportable segment revenues	383,501			327,546			726,187			639,025
Add: Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments	12,540			(7,404		)	34,453			(26,291		)
Less: Inter-segment revenues (2)	1,077			885			2,047			1,887
Total revenues	$	394,964		$	319,257		$	758,593		$	610,847

______________________


(1)	Includes a cumulative adjustment to unearned premiums recorded in the second quarter of 2019 related to an update to the amortization rates used to recognize revenue for Single Premium Policies, as further described above.


(2)	Inter-segment revenues included in the Services segment.

The accounting standard on revenue from contracts with customers is primarily applicable to our services revenue and is not applicable to our investments and insurance products, which represent the majority of our revenue. See Notes 1 and 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for additional information regarding our accounting policies and the services we offer.

The table below represents the disaggregation of services revenues from external customers, by type:



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Services revenue
Mortgage Services	$	17,220	$	20,192	$	32,313	$	36,687
Real Estate Services	16,938		14,570		32,775		28,964
Title Services	5,145		2,066		6,968		4,341
Total services revenue	$	39,303	$	36,828	$	72,056	$	69,992

Our services revenues are recognized over time and measured each period based on the progress to date as services are performed and made available to customers. Our contracts with customers, including payment terms, are generally short-term in nature; therefore, any impact related to timing is immaterial. Revenue expected to be recognized in any future period related to remaining performance obligations, such as contracts where revenue is recognized as invoiced and contracts with variable consideration related to undelivered performance obligations, is not material.

Revenue recognized related to services made available to customers and billed is reflected in accounts and notes receivable. Revenue recognized related to services performed and not yet billed is recorded in unbilled receivables and reflected in other assets. Deferred revenue represents advance payments received from customers in advance of revenue recognition. We have no material bad-debt expense. The following represents balances related to services revenue contracts as of the dates indicated:



(In thousands)	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Accounts Receivable	$	16,846	$	15,461
Unbilled Receivables	21,725		19,917
Deferred Revenues	2,861		3,204

4. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

For discussion of our valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy, see Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K.

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Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

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The following is a list of assets that are measured at fair value by hierarchy level as of June 30, 2019:



(In thousands)	Level I		Level II		Total
Assets at fair value
Investments:
Fixed-maturities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	49,929	$	34,491	$	84,420
State and municipal obligations	—		107,962		107,962
Corporate bonds and notes	—		2,249,315		2,249,315
RMBS	—		433,773		433,773
CMBS	—		571,923		571,923
Other ABS	—		661,089		661,089
Foreign government and agency securities	—		5,168		5,168
Total fixed-maturities available for sale	49,929		4,063,721		4,113,650

Trading securities:
State and municipal obligations	—		128,824		128,824
Corporate bonds and notes	—		155,793		155,793
RMBS	—		17,511		17,511
CMBS	—		34,889		34,889
Total trading securities	—		337,017		337,017

Equity securities	144,882		5,072		149,954

Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities	142,206		—		142,206
State and municipal obligations	—		13,990		13,990
Money market instruments	262,466		—		262,466
Corporate bonds and notes	—		89,910		89,910
Other investments (1)	—		401,308		401,308
Total short-term investments	404,672		505,208		909,880

Total investments at fair value (2)	599,483		4,911,018		5,510,501

Other assets:
Loaned securities: (3)
U.S. government and agency securities	1,502		—		1,502
Corporate bonds and notes	—		23,011		23,011
Equity securities	4,551		—		4,551
Total assets at fair value (2)	$	605,536	$	4,934,029	$	5,539,565

______________________


(1)	Comprising short-term certificates of deposit and commercial paper.


(2)	Does not include other invested assets of $2.8 million that are primarily invested in limited partnership investments valued using the net asset value as a practical expedient.


(3)	Securities loaned to third-party borrowers under securities lending agreements are classified as other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 5 for more information.

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Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

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The following is a list of assets that are measured at fair value by hierarchy level as of December 31, 2018:



(In thousands)	Level I		Level II		Total
Assets at fair value
Investments:
Fixed-maturities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	55,658	$	28,412	$	84,070
State and municipal obligations	—		138,313		138,313
Corporate bonds and notes	—		2,222,473		2,222,473
RMBS	—		332,142		332,142
CMBS	—		539,915		539,915
Other ABS	—		704,662		704,662
Total fixed-maturities available for sale	55,658		3,965,917		4,021,575

Trading securities:
State and municipal obligations	—		168,359		168,359
Corporate bonds and notes	—		228,152		228,152
RMBS	—		21,082		21,082
CMBS	—		51,478		51,478
Total trading securities	—		469,071		469,071

Equity securities	126,607		3,958		130,565

Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities	133,657		—		133,657
State and municipal obligations	—		18,070		18,070
Money market instruments	95,132		—		95,132
Corporate bonds and notes	—		105,625		105,625
Other ABS	—		806		806
Other investments (1)	—		175,113		175,113
Total short-term investments	228,789		299,614		528,403

Total investments at fair value (2)	411,054		4,738,560		5,149,614

Other assets:
Loaned securities: (3)
U.S. government and agency securities	9,987		—		9,987
Corporate bonds and notes	—		7,818		7,818
Equity securities	10,055		—		10,055
Total assets at fair value (2)	$	431,096	$	4,746,378	$	5,177,474

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(1)	Comprising short-term certificates of deposit and commercial paper.


(2)	Does not include other invested assets of $3.4 million that are primarily invested in limited partnership investments valued using the net asset value as a practical expedient.


(3)	Securities loaned to third-party borrowers under securities lending agreements are classified as other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 5 for more information.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were no material Level III assets measured at fair value and no Level III liabilities. There were no investment transfers to or from Level III for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 or the year ended December 31, 2018. Activity related to Level III assets and liabilities (including realized and unrealized gains and losses,

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purchases, sales, issuances, settlements and transfers) was immaterial for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and the year ended December 31, 2018.

Other Fair Value Disclosure

The carrying value and estimated fair value of other selected liabilities not carried at fair value in our condensed consolidated balance sheets were as follows as of the dates indicated:



	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
(In thousands)	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Liabilities:
Senior notes	$	982,890	$	1,016,661	$	1,030,348	$	1,007,687
FHLB advances	106,382		107,366		82,532		82,899

The fair value of our senior notes is estimated based on the quoted market prices for the same or similar instruments. The fair value of our FHLB advances is estimated based on expected cash flows for similar borrowings. These liabilities are categorized in Level II of the fair value hierarchy. See Note 11 for additional information on our senior notes and FHLB advances.

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5. Investments

Available for Sale Securities

Our available for sale securities within our investment portfolio consisted of the following as of the dates indicated:



	June 30, 2019
(In thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses
Fixed-maturities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	84,807	$	85,922	$	1,151	$	36
State and municipal obligations	100,214		107,962		7,750		2
Corporate bonds and notes	2,192,119		2,272,269		81,488		1,338
RMBS	425,138		433,773		10,060		1,425
CMBS	557,353		571,923		15,302		732
Other ABS	661,898		661,089		2,166		2,975
Foreign government and agency securities	5,088		5,168		80		—
Total securities available for sale, including loaned securities	4,026,617		4,138,106		$	117,997	$	6,508
Less: loaned securities	23,250		24,456
Total fixed-maturities available for sale	$	4,003,367	$	4,113,650



	December 31, 2018
(In thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses
Fixed-maturities available for sale:
U.S. government and agency securities	$	85,532	$	84,070	$	46	$	1,508
State and municipal obligations	138,022		138,313		2,191		1,900
Corporate bonds and notes	2,288,720		2,229,885		5,053		63,888
RMBS	334,843		332,142		1,785		4,486
CMBS	546,729		539,915		544		7,358
Other ABS	712,748		704,662		814		8,900
Total securities available for sale, including loaned securities	4,106,594		4,028,987		$	10,433	$	88,040
Less: loaned securities	7,632		7,412
Total fixed-maturities available for sale	$	4,098,962	$	4,021,575

Gross Unrealized Losses and Fair Value of Available for Sale Securities

For securities deemed “available for sale” and that are in an unrealized loss position, the following tables show the gross unrealized losses and fair values, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated. Included in the amounts as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are loaned securities under securities lending agreements that are classified as other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, as further described below.

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	June 30, 2019
($ in thousands) Description of Securities	Less Than 12 Months					12 Months or Greater					Total
($ in thousands) Description of Securities	# of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		# of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		# of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. government and agency securities	—	$	—	$	—	4	$	12,370	$	36	4	$	12,370	$	36
State and municipal obligations	1	3,249		1		1	999		1		2	4,248		2
Corporate bonds and notes	19	82,685		586		27	102,857		752		46	185,542		1,338
RMBS	1	32		1		24	58,905		1,424		25	58,937		1,425
CMBS	16	33,267		555		10	6,751		177		26	40,018		732
Other ABS	42	198,836		1,188		44	167,724		1,787		86	366,560		2,975
Total	79	$	318,069	$	2,331	110	$	349,606	$	4,177	189	$	667,675	$	6,508



	December 31, 2018
($ in thousands) Description of Securities	Less Than 12 Months					12 Months or Greater					Total
($ in thousands) Description of Securities	# of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		# of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		# of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. government and agency securities	2	$	27,415	$	796	8	$	23,476	$	712	10	$	50,891	$	1,508
State and municipal obligations	12	41,263		955		16	39,982		945		28	81,245		1,900
Corporate bonds and notes	330	1,208,430		36,284		126	601,533		27,604		456	1,809,963		63,888
RMBS	15	92,315		782		28	77,395		3,704		43	169,710		4,486
CMBS	62	328,696		3,973		33	125,728		3,385		95	454,424		7,358
Other ABS	129	503,109		7,917		26	89,628		983		155	592,737		8,900
Total	550	$	2,201,228	$	50,707	237	$	957,742	$	37,333	787	$	3,158,970	$	88,040

Although we held available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2019, we did not consider those securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of such date. For all investment categories, the unrealized losses of 12 months or greater duration as of June 30, 2019 were generally caused by interest rate or credit spread movements since the purchase date, and as such, we expect to recover the amortized cost basis of these securities. As of June 30, 2019, we did not have the intent to sell any available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position, and we determined that it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of their cost basis, which may be at maturity; therefore, we did not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2019.

Other-than-temporary Impairment Activity. To the extent we determine that a security is deemed to have had an other-than-temporary impairment, an impairment loss is recognized. We recognized no other-than-temporary impairment losses in earnings during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and $0.8 million of other-than-temporary impairment losses in earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2018. There were no other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for those periods.

Securities Lending Agreements

We participate in a securities lending program whereby we loan certain securities in our investment portfolio to third-party borrowers for short periods of time. Although we report such securities at fair value within other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, rather than within investments, the detailed information we provide in this Note 5 includes these securities. See Note 4 for additional detail on the loaned securities, and see Notes 2 and 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial

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Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for additional information about our accounting policies with respect to our securities lending agreements and the collateral requirements thereunder, respectively.

All of our securities lending agreements are classified as overnight and revolving. Securities collateral on deposit with us from third-party borrowers totaling $9.0 million and $16.8 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, may not be transferred or re-pledged unless the third-party borrower is in default, and is therefore not reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Net Gains (Losses) on Investments

Net gains (losses) on investments consisted of:



	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018			2019			2018
Net realized gains (losses):
Fixed-maturities available for sale (1)	$	1,303	$	(1,691	)	$	808		$	(4,811	)
Trading securities	274		(112		)	(410		)	(650		)
Equity securities	—		498			(680		)	640
Other investments	144		217			316			291
Net realized gains (losses) on investments	1,721		(1,088		)	34			(4,530		)
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	—		—			—			(844		)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments	9,117		(5,733		)	28,586			(18,537		)
Total net gains (losses) on investments	$	10,838	$	(6,821	)	$	28,620		$	(23,911	)

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(1)Components of net realized gains (losses) on fixed-maturities available for sale include:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Gross investment gains from sales and redemptions	$	2,064		$	419		$	6,229		$	1,017
Gross investment losses from sales and redemptions	(761		)	(2,110		)	(5,421		)	(5,828		)

The net changes in unrealized gains (losses) recognized in earnings on investments that were still held at each period-end were as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018			2019		2018
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments still held:
Trading securities	$	7,608	$	(5,816	)	$	15,027	$	(16,755	)
Equity securities	1,404		224			8,600		(702		)
Other investments	138		89			7		212
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments still held	$	9,150	$	(5,503	)	$	23,634	$	(17,245	)

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Contractual Maturities

The contractual maturities of fixed-maturities available for sale were as follows:



	June 30, 2019
	Available for Sale
(In thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less (1)	$	102,282	$	102,313
Due after one year through five years (1)	863,246		878,955
Due after five years through 10 years (1)	1,041,249		1,087,023
Due after 10 years (1)	375,451		403,030
RMBS (2)	425,138		433,773
CMBS (2)	557,353		571,923
Other ABS (2)	661,898		661,089
Total	4,026,617		4,138,106
Less: loaned securities	23,250		24,456
Total fixed-maturities available for sale	$	4,003,367	$	4,113,650

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(1)	Actual maturities may differ as a result of calls before scheduled maturity.


(2)	RMBS, CMBS and Other ABS are shown separately, as they are not due at a single maturity date.

Other

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, we did not transfer any securities from the available for sale or trading categories.

Our fixed-maturities available for sale include securities totaling $112.6 million and $88.4 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, serving as collateral for our FHLB advances. See Note 11 for additional information about our FHLB advances.

Our fixed-maturities available for sale include securities totaling $16.8 million and $17.6 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, on deposit and serving as collateral with various state regulatory authorities.

6. Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets, Net

All of our goodwill and other acquired intangible assets relate to our Services segment. The purchase price allocation for the acquisition of Five Bridges in December 2018 was finalized in the first quarter of 2019. In comparison to the preliminary fair value amounts recorded as of December 31, 2018, the final calculations resulted in: (i) an increase in goodwill of $0.5 million and (ii) decreases in intangible assets of $0.4 million related to technology and $0.1 million related to client relationships.

The following table shows the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the year-to-date periods ended December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019:



(In thousands)	Goodwill		Accumulated Impairment Losses			Net
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	197,391	$	(186,469	)	$	10,922
Goodwill acquired	3,170		—			3,170
Balance at December 31, 2018	200,561		(186,469		)	14,092
Goodwill acquired	538		—			538
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	201,099	$	(186,469	)	$	14,630

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The following is a summary of the gross and net carrying amounts and accumulated amortization of our other acquired intangible assets as of the periods indicated:



	June 30, 2019
(In thousands)	Original Amount Acquired		Accumulated Amortization and Impairment			Net Carrying Amount
Client relationships	$	83,860	$	(51,257	)	$	32,603
Technology	16,964		(13,978		)	2,986
Trade name and trademarks	8,340		(4,296		)	4,044
Non-competition agreements	185		(181		)	4
Licenses	463		(58		)	405
Total	$	109,812	$	(69,770	)	$	40,042



	December 31, 2018
(In thousands)	Original Amount Acquired		Accumulated Amortization and Impairment			Net Carrying Amount
Client relationships	$	84,000	$	(48,227	)	$	35,773
Technology	17,362		(13,141		)	4,221
Trade name and trademarks	8,340		(3,864		)	4,476
Non-competition agreements	185		(177		)	8
Licenses	463		(35		)	428
Total	$	110,350	$	(65,444	)	$	44,906

For additional information on our accounting policies for goodwill and other acquired intangible assets, see Notes 2 and 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K.

7. Reinsurance

In our mortgage insurance and title insurance businesses, we use reinsurance as part of our risk distribution strategy, including to manage our capital position and risk profile. See Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for more information about our use of reinsurance in our title insurance business.

The reinsurance arrangements for our mortgage insurance business include premiums ceded under the QSR Program, the Single Premium QSR Program and the Excess-of-Loss Program.

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The effect of all of our reinsurance programs on our net income is as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,							Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019				2018			2019				2018
Net premiums written—insurance:
Direct	$	279,991			$	284,713		$	541,022			$	541,312
Assumed (1)	2,475				1,504			4,920				2,816
Ceded (2)	(14,289		)		(31,883		)	(24,445		)		(51,814		)
Net premiums written—insurance	$	268,177			$	254,334		$	521,497			$	492,314

Net premiums earned—insurance:
Direct	$	333,791		(3)	$	266,512		$	614,014		(3)	$	523,943
Assumed (1)	2,481				1,510			4,931				2,828
Ceded (2)	(37,106		)	(3)	(16,678		)	(56,267		)	(3)	(32,877		)
Net premiums earned—insurance	$	299,166		(3)	$	251,344		$	562,678		(3)	$	493,894

Ceding commissions earned	$	16,353		(3)	$	8,539		$	25,038		(3)	$	17,355
Ceded losses	1,868				1,019			3,555				2,165

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(1)	Includes premiums earned from our participation in certain Front-end and Back-end credit risk transfer programs.


(2)	Net of profit commission.


(3)	Includes a cumulative adjustment to unearned premiums recorded in the second quarter of 2019 related to an update to the amortization rates used to recognize revenue for Single Premium Policies. See Note 3 for further information.

QSR Program

In 2012, Radian Guaranty entered into the QSR Program with a third-party reinsurance provider. Radian Guaranty has ceded the maximum amount permitted under the QSR Program and is no longer ceding additional NIW under this program. RIF ceded under the QSR Program was $0.8 billion and $1.0 billion as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Single Premium QSR Program

In the first quarter of 2016, Radian Guaranty entered into the 2016 Single Premium QSR Agreement with a panel of third-party reinsurers. As of January 1, 2018, Radian Guaranty is no longer ceding additional NIW under this arrangement. RIF ceded under the 2016 Single Premium QSR Agreement was $5.9 billion and $6.6 billion as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

In October 2017, Radian Guaranty entered into the 2018 Single Premium QSR Agreement with a panel of third-party reinsurers. Under the 2018 Single Premium QSR Agreement, we expect to cede up to 65% of our Single Premium NIW beginning with the business written in January 2018, subject to certain conditions that may affect the amount ceded, including a limitation on ceded premiums written equal to $335 million for policies issued between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019. Notwithstanding this limitation, the parties may mutually agree to amend the agreement, including with respect to any limitations on the amounts of insurance that may be ceded. RIF ceded under the 2018 Single Premium QSR Agreement was $2.6 billion and $1.0 billion as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Excess-of-Loss Program

Since the fourth quarter of 2018, Radian Guaranty has entered into two fully collateralized reinsurance arrangements with the Eagle Re Issuers. Total ceded premiums earned under our Excess-of-Loss Program were $7.7 million and $10.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

The Eagle Re 2018-1 reinsurance agreement, entered into in November 2018, provides for up to $434.0 million of aggregate excess-of-loss reinsurance coverage for a specified percentage of mortgage insurance losses on new defaults on an existing portfolio of eligible Recurring Premium Policies issued between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017, with an initial RIF of $9.1 billion. In addition, Radian Guaranty entered into a separate excess-of-loss reinsurance agreement for up to $21.4 million of coverage, representing a pro rata share of the credit risk alongside the risk assumed by Eagle Re 2018-1 on

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those Recurring Premium Policies. Eagle Re 2018-1 financed its coverage by issuing mortgage insurance-linked notes in an aggregate amount of $434.0 million to eligible third-party capital markets investors in an unregistered private offering.

The Eagle Re 2019-1 reinsurance agreement, entered into in April 2019, provides for up to $562.0 million of aggregate excess-of-loss reinsurance coverage for a specified percentage of mortgage insurance losses on new defaults on an existing portfolio of eligible Recurring Premium Policies issued between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018, with an initial RIF of $10.7 billion. Eagle Re 2019-1 financed its coverage by issuing mortgage insurance-linked notes in an aggregate amount of $562.0 million to eligible third-party capital markets investors in an unregistered private offering.

The aggregate excess-of-loss reinsurance coverage for these transactions decreases over a ten-year period as the principal balances of the underlying covered mortgages decrease and as claims are paid by the applicable Eagle Re Issuer or the mortgage insurance is canceled. The outstanding reinsurance coverage amount will begin amortizing after an initial period in which a target level of credit enhancement is obtained and will stop amortizing if certain thresholds are reached, such as if the reinsured mortgages were to experience an elevated level of delinquencies or certain credit enhancement tests were not maintained. Radian Guaranty has rights to terminate the reinsurance agreements upon the occurrence of certain events.

The Eagle Re Issuers are not subsidiaries or affiliates of Radian Guaranty. Based on the accounting guidance that addresses VIEs, we have not consolidated any of the Eagle Re Issuers in our consolidated financial statements, because Radian does not have: (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the Eagle Re Issuers’ economic performances or (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the Eagle Re Issuers that potentially could be significant to the Eagle Re Issuers. See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for more information on our accounting treatment of VIEs.

The Eagle Re Issuers represent our only VIEs as of June 30, 2019. The following table presents the total assets of the Eagle Re Issuers as well as Radian Guaranty’s maximum exposure to loss associated with each Eagle Re Issuer, as of the dates indicated.



	At June 30, 2019
			Maximum Exposure to Loss
(In thousands)	Total VIE Assets (1)		On - Balance Sheet			Off - Balance Sheet (2)		Total
Eagle Re 2018-1	$	434,034	$	557	(3)	$	434,034	$	434,591
Eagle Re 2019-1	562,036		410		(3)	562,036		562,446
Total	$	996,070	$	967		$	996,070	$	997,037

	At December 31, 2018
			Maximum Exposure to Loss
(In thousands)	Total VIE Assets (1)		On - Balance Sheet			Off - Balance Sheet (2)		Total
Eagle Re 2018-1	$	434,034	$	1,114	(3)	$	434,034	$	435,148
Total	$	434,034	$	1,114		$	434,034	$	435,148

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(1)	Assets held by the Eagle Re Issuers are required to be invested in U.S. government money market funds, cash or U.S. Treasury securities. Liabilities of the Eagle Re Issuers consist of their mortgage insurance-linked notes, described above.

(2)

Represents Radian Guaranty’s maximum exposure to loss in the event the VIE is unable to meet its obligations to us and our insurance subsidiaries would be liable to make claims payments to our policyholders. In the event that all of the assets in the reinsurance trust (consisting of U.S. government money market funds, cash or U.S. Treasury securities) were to lose their value and the VIE is unable to make its payments to us, our maximum potential loss would be the amount of mortgage insurance claim payments for losses on the insured policies, net of the aggregate reinsurance payments already received, up to the full aggregate excess-of-loss reinsurance coverage amount. In the same scenario, the related embedded derivative would no longer have value.


(3)	Represents the fair value of the related embedded derivative, included in other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Collateral

Although we use reinsurance as one of our risk management tools, reinsurance does not relieve us of our obligations to our policyholders. In the event the reinsurers are unable to meet their obligations to us, our insurance subsidiaries would be

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liable for any defaulted amounts. However, in all of our reinsurance transactions, the reinsurers have established a trust to help secure our potential cash recoveries. In addition, for the Single Premium QSR Program, Radian Guaranty holds amounts received from ceded premiums written to collateralize the reinsurers’ obligations, which are reported in reinsurance funds withheld on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Any loss recoveries and profit commissions paid to Radian Guaranty related to the Single Premium QSR Program are expected to be realized from this account.

See Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for more information about our reinsurance transactions.

8. Other Assets

The following table shows the components of other assets as of the dates indicated:



(In thousands)	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Company-owned life insurance	$	101,988	$	83,377
Prepaid federal income taxes (Note 9)	55,000		—
Internal-use software (1)	53,631		51,367
Right-of-use assets (2)	44,844		—
Property and equipment (3)	35,742		37,090
Accrued investment income	32,119		34,878
Loaned securities (Note 5)	29,064		27,860
Unbilled receivables	21,725		19,917
Deferred policy acquisition costs	18,546		17,311
Reinsurance recoverables	16,841		14,402
Current federal income tax receivable (4)	—		44,506
Other	20,736		36,992
Total other assets	$	430,236	$	367,700

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(1)

Internal-use software, at cost, has been reduced by accumulated amortization of $66.6 million and $60.3 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, as well as $3.8 million of impairment charges in the six months ended June 30, 2019, and $5.1 million of impairment charges in 2018. Amortization expense was $3.4 million and $2.9 million for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $6.5 million and $5.7 million for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.


(2)	Represents right-of-use assets recognized as a result of our adoption, as of January 1, 2019, of the new accounting and disclosure requirements for leases of property, plant and equipment. See Note 1 for additional information. Right-of-use assets are shown less accumulated amortization of $4.6 million at June 30, 2019.


(3)	Property and equipment at cost, less accumulated depreciation of $66.2 million and $62.9 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Depreciation expense was $1.9 million for both the three-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and $4.0 million and $3.8 million for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.


(4)	During the six months ended June 30, 2019, current federal income tax receivable was reduced by our receipt of the remaining $57.2 million refund from amounts on deposit with the IRS related to the settlement of the IRS Matter.

9. Income Taxes

Certain entities within our consolidated group have generated deferred tax assets of approximately $63.6 million, relating primarily to state and local NOL carryforwards, which, if unutilized, will expire during various future tax periods. We are required to establish a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that all or some portion of our deferred tax assets will not be realized. At each balance sheet date, we assess our need for a valuation allowance and this assessment is based on all available evidence, both positive and negative. This requires management to exercise judgment and make assumptions regarding whether our deferred tax assets will be realized in future periods. We have determined that certain entities within Radian may continue to generate taxable losses on a separate company basis in the near term and may not be able to fully utilize certain of their state and local NOLs on their state and local tax returns. Therefore,

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with respect to deferred tax assets relating to these state and local NOLs and other state timing adjustments, we retained a valuation allowance of $62.0 million at June 30, 2019.

In July 2018, we finalized a settlement with the IRS related to adjustments we had been contesting that resulted from the examination of our 2000 through 2007 consolidated federal income tax returns. During 2018, under the terms of the settlement, Radian utilized its qualified deposits with the U.S. Treasury to settle its $31.0 million obligation to the IRS, and during the first quarter of 2019, the IRS refunded to Radian the remaining $57.2 million that was previously on deposit.

As a mortgage guaranty insurer, we are eligible for a tax deduction, subject to certain limitations, under IRC Section 832(e) for amounts required by state law or regulation to be set aside in statutory contingency reserves. The deduction is allowed only to the extent that we purchase non-interest bearing U.S. Mortgage Guaranty Tax and Loss Bonds (“T&L Bonds”) issued by the U.S. Treasury in an amount equal to the tax benefit derived from deducting any portion of our statutory contingency reserves. As of June 30, 2019, we held $55.0 million of T&L Bonds, included in other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, resulting in the recognition of a deferred tax liability and a decrease in our net deferred tax asset.

For additional information on our income taxes, including our accounting policies, see Notes 2 and 10 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K.

10. Losses and Loss Adjustment Expense

Our reserve for losses and LAE, at the end of each period indicated, consisted of:



(In thousands)	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Mortgage insurance loss reserves	$	401,294	$	397,891
Services loss reserves (1)	3,984		3,470
Total reserve for losses and LAE	$	405,278	$	401,361

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(1)

A majority of this amount is subject to reinsurance, with the related reinsurance recoverables reported in other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, and relates to Radian Title Insurance. For all periods presented, total incurred losses and paid claims for Radian Title Insurance were not material. See Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for additional information about our use of reinsurance in our title insurance business.

The following table presents information relating to our mortgage insurance reserve for losses, including our IBNR reserve and LAE, but excluding our second-lien mortgage loan premium deficiency reserve, for the periods indicated:



	Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019			2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	397,891		$	507,588
Less: Reinsurance recoverables (1)	11,009			8,350
Balance at beginning of period, net of reinsurance recoverables	386,882			499,238
Add: Losses and LAE incurred in respect of default notices reported and unreported in:
Current year (2)	73,494			67,286
Prior years	(5,617		)	(11,311		)
Total incurred	67,877			55,975
Deduct: Paid claims and LAE related to:
Current year (2)	507			1,091
Prior years	66,510			115,369
Total paid	67,017			116,460
Balance at end of period, net of reinsurance recoverables	387,742			438,753
Add: Reinsurance recoverables (1)	13,552			9,341
Balance at end of period	$	401,294		$	448,094

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(1)	Related to ceded losses recoverable, if any, on reinsurance transactions. See Note 7 for additional information.


(2)	Related to underlying defaulted loans with a most recent default notice dated in the year indicated. For example, if a loan had defaulted in a prior year, but then subsequently cured and later re-defaulted in the current year, that default would be considered a current year default.

Reserve Activity

2019 Activity

Reserves established for new default notices were the primary driver of our total incurred losses for the six months ended June 30, 2019, and they were primarily impacted by the number of new primary default notices received in the period and our related gross Default to Claim Rate assumption applied to those new defaults, which was 8.0% as of June 30, 2019. Our provision for losses during the first six months of 2019 was positively impacted by favorable reserve development on prior year defaults. This favorable development was primarily driven by a reduction during the period in certain Default to Claim Rate assumptions for these prior year defaults compared to the assumptions used at December 31, 2018, partially offset by a $19.4 million increase in our IBNR reserve estimate in the three months ended June 30, 2019. The increase in our IBNR reserve

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estimate is related to previously disclosed legal proceedings involving challenges from certain servicers regarding our Loss Mitigation Activities, which challenges may result in the reversal of certain decisions regarding prior Rescissions, Claim Denials or Claim Curtailments. See Note 12 for additional information.

Total claims paid decreased for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018. The decrease in claims paid is consistent with the ongoing decline in the outstanding default inventory.

2018 Activity

Our mortgage insurance loss reserves at June 30, 2018 declined as compared to December 31, 2017, primarily as a result of the amount of paid claims outpacing losses incurred related to new default notices reported in the current year. Reserves established for new default notices were the primary driver of our total incurred loss for the six months ended June 30, 2018, and they were primarily impacted by the number of new primary default notices received in the period and our related gross Default to Claim Rate assumption applied to those new defaults, which was 9.0% as of June 30, 2018. The provision for losses during the first six months of 2018 was positively impacted by favorable reserve development on prior year defaults, which was primarily driven by a reduction during the period in certain Default to Claim Rate assumptions for these prior year defaults compared to the assumptions used at December 31, 2017. The reductions in Default to Claim Rate assumptions resulted from observed trends, primarily higher Cures than were previously estimated.

Mortgage Insurance Reserve Assumptions

Default to Claim Rate

Our aggregate weighted-average net Default to Claim Rate assumption (net of Claim Denials and Rescissions) used in estimating our primary reserve for losses was 33% at both June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. As of June 30, 2019 our gross Default to Claim Rate assumptions on our primary portfolio ranged from 8.0% for new defaults, up to 68% for defaults not in foreclosure stage, and 72% for Foreclosure Stage Defaults. See Notes 2 and 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for additional information about our mortgage insurance reserve assumptions and Loss Mitigation Activities.

11. Borrowings and Financing Activities

The carrying value of our debt at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was as follows:



(In thousands)	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Senior notes:
5.500% Senior Notes due 2019	$	—	$	158,324
5.250% Senior Notes due 2020	26,852		232,729
7.000% Senior Notes due 2021	69,857		195,867
4.500% Senior Notes due 2024	443,931		443,428
4.875% Senior Notes due 2027	442,250		—
Total senior notes	$	982,890	$	1,030,348

FHLB advances:
FHLB advances due 2019	$	72,400	$	60,550
FHLB advances due 2020	2,991		2,991
FHLB advances due 2021	14,000		8,000
FHLB advances due 2022	6,000		—
FHLB advances due 2023	8,995		8,995
FHLB advances due 2024	1,996		1,996
Total FHLB advances	$	106,382	$	82,532

Repayment and Extinguishment of Debt

Repayment of Senior Notes due 2019

In accordance with the terms of the notes under the related indenture, we retired the remaining aggregate principal amount of $158.6 million of outstanding Senior Notes due 2019 upon their maturity in June 2019.

Repurchases of Senior Notes due 2020 and 2021

During the second quarter of 2019, pursuant to cash tender offers to purchase any and all of our outstanding Senior Notes due 2020 and 2021, we purchased aggregate principal amounts of $207.2 million and $127.3 million of our Senior Notes due 2020 and 2021, respectively. We funded the purchases with $351.8 million in cash (which includes accrued and unpaid interest due on the purchased notes). These purchases resulted in a loss on extinguishment of debt of $16.8 million. Following these purchases, the remaining principal amount outstanding on the Senior Notes due 2020 and 2021 at June 30, 2019 was $27.0 million and $70.4 million, respectively.

On June 20, 2019, Radian Group announced its intention to redeem, and on July 25, 2019, it redeemed the remaining $27.0 million of aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2020, in accordance with the terms of the related indenture. The aggregate redemption amount paid was $27.8 million, which includes accrued interest through the redemption date.

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Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

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Senior Notes due 2027

In June 2019, we issued $450 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2027 and received net

proceeds of $442.2 million. These notes mature on March 15, 2027 and bear interest at a rate of 4.875% per annum, payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year, with interest payments commencing on March 15, 2020.

We have the option to redeem these notes, in whole or in part, at any time, or from time to time, prior to September 15, 2026 (the date that is six months prior to the maturity date of the notes) (the “Par Call Date”), at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes to be redeemed and (ii) the make-whole amount, which is the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest in respect of the notes to be redeemed from the redemption date to the Par Call Date discounted to the redemption date at the applicable treasury rate plus 50 basis points, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date. At any time on or after the Par Call Date, we may, at our option, redeem the notes in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date.

The indenture governing the Senior Notes due 2027 contains covenants customary for securities of this nature, including covenants related to the payments of the notes, reports to be provided, compliance certificates to be issued and the ability to modify the covenants. Additionally, the indenture includes covenants restricting us from encumbering the capital stock of a designated subsidiary (as defined in the indenture for the notes) or disposing of any capital stock of any designated subsidiary unless either all of the stock is disposed of or we retain more than 80% of the stock.

FHLB Advances

Principal on FHLB advances is due at maturity. For obligations with original maturities greater than or equal to 90 days, we may prepay the debt at any time, subject to a prepayment fee calculation. See Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for additional information about our FHLB advances.

Revolving Credit Facility

Radian Group has in place a $267.5 million unsecured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of bank lenders, which is scheduled to expire on October 16, 2020. At June 30, 2019, Radian Group was in compliance with all of the credit facility covenants, and there were no amounts outstanding. For more information regarding our revolving credit facility, including certain of its terms and covenants, see Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K.

12. Commitments and Contingencies

We are routinely involved in a number of legal actions and proceedings, including litigation and other disputes arising in the ordinary course of our business. The legal and regulatory matters discussed below and in our 2018 Form 10-K could result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, injunctions, restitutions or other relief that could require significant expenditures or have other effects on our business. Management believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition. The outcome of litigation and other legal and regulatory matters and proceedings is inherently uncertain, and it is possible that one or more of the matters currently pending or threatened could have an adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition or results of operations for any particular period.

On December 22, 2016, Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC and Homeward Residential, Inc. (collectively, “Ocwen”) filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania against Radian Guaranty alleging breach of contract and bad faith claims and seeking monetary damages and declaratory relief. Ocwen has also initiated similar legal proceedings against several other mortgage insurers. On December 17, 2016, Ocwen separately filed a parallel arbitration petition against Radian Guaranty before the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”) asserting substantially the same allegations (the “Arbitration”). Ocwen’s filings together listed 9,420 mortgage insurance certificates issued under multiple insurance policies, including Pool Insurance policies, as subject to the dispute. On June 5, 2017, Ocwen filed an amended complaint and an amended petition (collectively, the “Amended Filings”) with both the court and the AAA, respectively, together listing 8,870 certificates as subject to the dispute. On April 11, 2018, the parties entered into a confidential agreement with respect to all certificates subject to the dispute. The confidential agreement resolved certain categories of claims involved in the dispute and, on April 12, 2018, the parties filed a stipulation of voluntary dismissal of the federal court proceeding and the trial judge issued an Order dismissing all claims and counterclaims subject to the parties’ agreement. Radian Guaranty was not required to make any payment in connection with this confidential agreement. Pursuant to the confidential agreement, the parties: (1) dismissed the federal court proceeding; (2) narrowed the scope of the dispute to Ocwen’s breach of contract claims

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seeking payment of insurance benefits on approximately 2,500 certificates that Ocwen was previously pursuing through the Amended Filings; and (3) agreed to resolve the remaining dispute through the Arbitration. The Arbitration is proceeding, and Radian continues to defend against Ocwen’s claims vigorously.

On August 31, 2018, Nationstar Mortgage LLC d/b/a Mr. Cooper (“Nationstar”) filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania against Radian Guaranty (the “Complaint”) alleging breach of contract, bad faith, unjust enrichment and conversion claims and seeking monetary damages and declaratory relief. The Complaint lists 3,014 mortgage insurance certificates issued under multiple insurance policies as subject to disputes involving insurance coverage decisions. The Complaint further lists 2,231 mortgage insurance certificates issued under multiple insurance policies as subject to disputes involving premium refund requests. Radian Guaranty believes that Nationstar’s allegations and claims in the legal proceedings described above are without merit and legally deficient, and plans to defend against these claims vigorously. In December 2018, Radian Guaranty filed a motion to dismiss the Complaint. In March 2019, the trial judge issued an Order granting in part, and denying in part, our motion to dismiss, and dismissed Nationstar’s unjust enrichment and conversion claims. In May 2019, Radian Guaranty filed an answer, with affirmative defenses and counterclaims, in response to the Complaint.

In the second quarter of 2019, the Company increased its IBNR reserve estimate by $19.4 million related to our best estimate of our probable loss in connection with the above legal proceedings. While Radian believes it has substantial defenses in these matters and intends to continue to defend against these claims vigorously, it is not feasible to predict the ultimate outcome of these disputes, and the Company could in the future be required to pay amounts as a result of settlements or decisions in these matters, potentially in excess of accruals.

We also are periodically subject to reviews and audits, as well as inquiries, information-gathering requests and investigations. In connection with these matters, from time to time we receive requests and subpoenas seeking information and documents related to aspects of our business.

Our Master Policies establish the timeline within which any suit or action arising from any right of an insured under the policy generally must be commenced. In general, any suit or action arising from any right of an insured under the policy must be commenced within two years after such right first arose for primary insurance and within three years for certain other policies, including certain Pool Insurance policies. Although we believe that our Loss Mitigation Activities are justified under our policies, from time to time we face challenges from certain lender and servicer customers regarding our Loss Mitigation Activities. These challenges could result in additional arbitration or judicial proceedings and we may need to reassume the risk on, and increase loss reserves for, the associated policies or pay additional claims. See Note 10 for additional information.

Lease Liability

Our lease liability represents the present value of future lease payments over the lease term. Our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, we must estimate our incremental borrowing rate, on a collateralized basis, to discount the lease payments based on information available at lease commencement. Our leases expire periodically through August 2032, and contain provisions for scheduled periodic rent increases. We estimate the incremental borrowing rate based on the yields of Radian Group corporate bonds, as adjusted to reflect a collateralized borrowing rate. While the majority of our lease population expires within one year of one of the Radian Group corporate bonds, our more significant leases do not. For those leases, we adjust the corporate bond rate for both U.S. Treasury rate yields and a corporate spread adjustment determined from recent market data, resulting in discount rates ranging from 4.22% to 7.08%.

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The following tables provide additional information related to our leases, including: (i) the components of our total lease cost; (ii) the cash flows arising from our lease transactions; (iii) supplemental balance sheet information; (iv) the weighted-average remaining lease term; (v) the weighted-average discount rate used for our leases; and (vi) the remaining maturities of our lease liabilities, as of and for the periods indicated:



($ in thousands)	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019			Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Lease cost
Operating lease cost	$	2,347		$	4,666
Short-term lease cost	52			75
Total lease cost	$	2,399		$	4,741

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	(2,639	)	$	(5,276	)



($ in thousands)	June 30, 2019
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets (1)	$	44,844
Operating lease liabilities (2)	68,359

Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (in years)	10.22 years

Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	6.76		%

Remaining maturities of lease liabilities for the remainder of 2019 and thereafter is as follows:
2019	$	5,234
2020	10,424
2021	9,961
2022	10,136
2023	10,275
2024 and thereafter	56,542
Total lease payments	102,572
Less: Imputed interest	(34,213		)
Present value of lease liabilities (2)	$	68,359

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(1)	Classified in other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 8.


(2)	Classified in other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Pursuant to the previous lease accounting standard, rent expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was $2.2 million and $4.3 million, respectively. Our commitment for non-cancelable leases in future years as of December 31, 2018 was as follows (in thousands):



2019	$	11,310
2020	10,847
2021	10,165
2022	10,100
2023	10,251
2024 and thereafter	56,317
Total	$	108,990

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At December 31, 2018, there were no future minimum receipts expected from sublease rental payments.

See Note 1 herein for additional information about our leases and Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for further information regarding our commitments and contingencies and our accounting policies for contingencies.

13. Capital Stock

Share Repurchase Program

On August 16, 2018, Radian Group’s board of directors approved a share repurchase program that authorized the Company to repurchase up to $100 million of its common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, based on market and business conditions, stock price and other factors. On March 20, 2019, Radian Group’s board of directors approved a $150 million increase in authorization for this program, bringing the total authorization to repurchase shares up to $250 million, excluding commissions. Radian operated this program pursuant to a trading plan under Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act, which permitted the company to purchase shares, at pre-determined price targets, when it may have otherwise been precluded from doing so. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company purchased 7,470,332 and 9,017,006 shares, respectively, at an average price of $22.20 and $21.92 per share, respectively, including commissions. As of June 30, 2019, purchase authority of up to $52.5 million remained available under this program. In July 2019, the Company completed the repurchase authorization under this share repurchase program by purchasing an additional 2,241,568 shares of its common stock at an average price of $23.43 per share, including commissions. Over the course of this program, the Company repurchased a total of 11,258,574 shares, or 5.3% of the shares outstanding at the beginning of the program.

Other Purchases

We may purchase shares on the open market to settle stock options exercised by employees and purchases under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan. In addition, upon the vesting of certain restricted stock awards under our equity compensation plans, we may withhold from such vested awards shares of our common stock to satisfy the tax liability of the award recipients.

Dividends Paid

During the first and second quarters of 2019 and each of the quarters in 2018, we declared quarterly cash dividends on our common stock equal to $0.0025 per share.

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14. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table shows the rollforward of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019									Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)	Before Tax			Tax Effect			Net of Tax			Before Tax			Tax Effect			Net of Tax
Balance at beginning of period	$	22,144		$	4,650		$	17,494		$	(77,114	)	$	(16,194	)	$	(60,920	)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period	91,140			19,140			72,000			189,903			39,880			150,023
Less: Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) included in net income (1)	1,303			274			1,029			808			170			638
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments	89,837			18,866			70,971			189,095			39,710			149,385
Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments	(4		)	(1		)	(3		)	(4		)	(1		)	(3		)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	89,833			18,865			70,968			189,091			39,709			149,382
Balance at end of period	$	111,977		$	23,515		$	88,462		$	111,977		$	23,515		$	88,462

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018									Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
(In thousands)	Before Tax			Tax Effect			Net of Tax			Before Tax			Tax Effect			Net of Tax
Balance at beginning of period	$	(39,842	)	$	(8,367	)	$	(31,475	)	$	32,669		$	9,584		$	23,085
Cumulative effect of adopting accounting standard updates	—			—			—			284			(2,664		)	2,948
Balance adjusted for cumulative effect of adopting accounting standard updates	(39,842		)	(8,367		)	(31,475		)	32,953			6,920			26,033
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period	(35,194		)	(7,390		)	(27,804		)	(111,957		)	(23,510		)	(88,447		)
Less: Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) included in net income (1)	(1,691		)	(355		)	(1,336		)	(5,655		)	(1,187		)	(4,468		)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments	(33,503		)	(7,035		)	(26,468		)	(106,302		)	(22,323		)	(83,979		)
Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments	—			—			—			4			1			3
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(33,503		)	(7,035		)	(26,468		)	(106,298		)	(22,322		)	(83,976		)
Balance at end of period	$	(73,345	)	$	(15,402	)	$	(57,943	)	$	(73,345	)	$	(15,402	)	$	(57,943	)

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(1)	Included in net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

15. Statutory Information

State insurance regulations include various capital requirements and dividend restrictions based on our insurance subsidiaries’ statutory financial position and results of operations, as described below. As of June 30, 2019, the amount of restricted net assets held by our consolidated insurance subsidiaries (which represents our equity investment in those insurance subsidiaries) totaled $3.7 billion of our consolidated net assets.

Under state insurance regulations, our mortgage insurance subsidiaries are required to maintain minimum surplus levels. In certain RBC States, mortgage insurers licensed in those states must also satisfy a Statutory RBC Requirement that is a minimum ratio of statutory capital relative to the level of net RIF, or Risk-to-capital. Other RBC States require mortgage insurers licensed in those states to satisfy a MPP Requirement that is calculated on both risk and surplus levels. Our mortgage insurance subsidiaries were in compliance with the Statutory RBC Requirements or MPP Requirements, to the extent applicable, in each of the RBC States as of June 30, 2019.

In addition, in order to be eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs, mortgage insurers such as Radian Guaranty must meet the GSEs’ eligibility requirements, or PMIERs. At June 30, 2019, Radian Guaranty is an approved mortgage insurer under the PMIERs and is in compliance with the current PMIERs financial requirements. See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for additional information regarding the PMIERs.

Radian Guaranty’s Risk-to-capital calculation appears in the table below. For purposes of the Risk-to-capital requirements imposed by certain states, statutory capital is defined as the sum of statutory policyholders’ surplus plus statutory contingency reserves.



	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
($ in millions)
RIF, net (1)	$	42,154.0		$	40,711.3

Common stock and paid-in capital	$	1,041.0		$	1,416.0
Surplus Note	100.0			100.0
Unassigned earnings (deficit)	(605.7		)	(701.9		)
Statutory policyholders’ surplus	535.3			814.1
Contingency reserve	2,351.2			2,109.9
Statutory capital	$	2,886.5		$	2,924.0

Risk-to-capital	14.6:1			13.9:1

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(1)	Excludes risk ceded through all reinsurance programs (including with affiliates) and RIF on defaulted loans.

Radian Guaranty’s statutory capital decreased by $37.5 million in the first six months of 2019, primarily due to the effect of an Extraordinary Distribution paid to Radian Group, as described below, partially offset by Radian Guaranty’s statutory net income of $339.9 million during this period. The net increase in Radian Guaranty’s Risk-to-capital in the first six months of 2019 was primarily due to the decrease in overall statutory capital, combined with an increase in RIF.

The Risk-to-capital ratio for our combined mortgage insurance operations was 13.3 to 1 as of June 30, 2019, compared to 12.8 to 1 as of December 31, 2018.

In April 2019, the Pennsylvania Insurance Department approved a $375 million Extraordinary Distribution from Radian Guaranty to Radian Group, which was paid on April 30, 2019 in the form of cash and marketable securities, resulting in a $375 million decrease in Radian Guaranty’s statutory policyholders’ surplus.

For a description of our statutory compliance with regulations for our mortgage insurance and title services businesses, see Note 19 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K.

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Glossary

Part I. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The disclosures in this quarterly report are complementary to those made in our 2018 Form 10-K and should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in this report, as well as our audited financial statements, notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our 2018 Form 10-K.

The following analysis of our financial condition and results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 provides information that evaluates our financial condition as of June 30, 2019 compared with December 31, 2018 and our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same periods last year. Certain terms and acronyms used throughout this report are defined in the Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms included as part of this report. In addition, investors should review the “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements—Safe Harbor Provisions” above and “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2018 Form 10-K for a discussion of those risks and uncertainties that have the potential to adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or prospects. Our results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or for any other period.



Index to Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
	PAGE
Overview	37
Results of Operations—Consolidated	39
Results of Operations—Mortgage Insurance	45
Results of Operations—Services	56
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements	57
Contractual Obligations and Commitments	57
Liquidity and Capital Resources	57
Critical Accounting Policies	62

Overview

We are a diversified mortgage and real estate services business with two business segments—Mortgage Insurance and Services. We operate in the highly competitive U.S. mortgage and real estate industries. Our Mortgage Insurance segment provides credit-related insurance coverage, principally through private mortgage insurance on residential first-lien mortgage loans, as well as other credit risk management solutions, to mortgage lending institutions and mortgage credit investors. Our Services segment is primarily a fee-for-service business that offers a broad array of mortgage, real estate and title services to market participants across the mortgage and real estate value chain. In both our Mortgage Insurance and Services businesses, we compete on a number of factors, including price, overall service, customer relationships, perceived financial strength and reputation, among others.

Operating Environment

As a seller of mortgage credit protection and mortgage and credit risk management solutions, our results are subject to macroeconomic conditions and other events that impact the housing finance and real estate markets, including seasonal fluctuations that specifically impact the mortgage origination environment, the credit performance of our underlying insured assets and our future business opportunities. The macroeconomic conditions, seasonality and other events that impact the housing, mortgage finance and related real estate markets also affect the demand for our mortgage, real estate and title services offered through our Services business segment. As described in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Factors Affecting Our Results—Services” in our 2018 Form 10-K, revenues for our Services segment are subject to fluctuations from period to period, in part due to the combination of the transactional nature of our business and the overall activity in the housing and mortgage finance markets as well as seasonality of these markets.

Our Mortgage Insurance business continues to benefit from the improvement in market conditions since the financial crisis of 2007-2008, and from the current strength of the U.S. economy and housing finance industry. See “Results of Operations—Consolidated” for an overview of our financial results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. During

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the second quarter of 2019, average mortgage rates fell to their lowest levels since 2016. As a result, mortgage origination volume, including refinance activity, has been strong in 2019. Our results for the three months ended June 30, 2019 reflect this trend, including record levels of NIW driven by higher purchase volume, as well as lower Persistency Rates resulting from increased refinance activity. See “Results of Operations—Mortgage Insurance—NIW, IIF, RIF—Net Premiums Written and Earned” for further discussion about these recent trends and the net impact on our IIF portfolio.

In the second quarter of 2019, mortgage underwriting quality remained strong and our new business was written on high credit quality loans. In addition, the performance of our existing portfolio of IIF, comprised almost entirely of high credit quality loans originated after the financial crisis, continues to benefit from the effects of positive growth in home prices and historically low levels of unemployment. These positive trends help to mitigate our volumes of new defaults, incurred losses and paid claims, and result in higher cure rates. See “Results of Operations—Mortgage Insurance” for further discussion.

During 2019, the mortgage insurance industry has continued to shift away from a predominantly rate-card-based pricing model to one where a variety of pricing methodologies and pricing levels are being deployed with differing degrees of risk-based granularity. Our newest pricing option is our “black box” pricing framework, RADAR Rates, which is powered by Radian’s proprietary RADAR risk model and analyzes credit risk inputs to customize a rate quote to a borrower’s individual risk profile, loan attributes and property characteristics. Although the current pricing frameworks continue to leverage the same general risk attributes as mortgage insurance pricing historically, they now incorporate more granular risk-based pricing factors. This shift provides a more dynamic pricing capability that has led to an increase in the frequency of pricing changes.

Our risk-based pricing strategies are designed to grow the long-term economic value of our mortgage insurance portfolio and align with our overall strategic objectives. Our approach to pricing, which utilizes more traditional pricing forms in addition to our “black box” option, RADAR Rates, is tailored to the specific business needs of our customers and their risk profiles and to achieve our targeted returns. This framework represents a continuation of our strategy to consistently apply an approach that provides a full spectrum of pricing options that are customer-centric, flexible and customizable based on a lender’s loan origination process, as well as balanced with our own objectives for managing the risk and return profile of our mortgage insurance portfolio. We expect that by leveraging our proprietary risk model, RADAR Rates will enhance our ability to continue to build a high quality mortgage insurance portfolio. Our customers are increasingly utilizing RADAR Rates, and a majority of our NIW is currently being priced through RADAR Rates.

While our estimated share of the private mortgage insurance market during the first half of 2019 has remained relatively consistent at approximately 18%-19%, the shift away from standard rate card filings to a more dynamic digital pricing delivery platform could result in increased volatility of market share within the mortgage insurance industry. In addition, more granular price competition through “black box” pricing frameworks could result in increased volatility of average premium rates for new business.

Legislative and Regulatory Developments

Our subsidiaries are subject to comprehensive regulations and other requirements. See “Item 1. Business—Regulation” in our 2018 Form 10-K for a discussion of the regulations that impact our business, as well as legislative and regulatory developments affecting the housing finance industry.

PMIERs. In order to be eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs, mortgage insurers such as Radian Guaranty must meet the GSEs’ eligibility requirements, or PMIERs. The most recent revisions to the PMIERs, or PMIERs 2.0, became effective on March 31, 2019. Radian Guaranty currently is an approved mortgage insurer under the PMIERs. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Mortgage Insurance” for further discussion about PMIERs.

Qualified Mortgage Requirements. As discussed in “Item 1. Business—Regulation” in our 2018 Form 10-K, the Dodd-Frank Act provides that a lender must make “a reasonable, good faith determination” of each borrower’s ability to repay a loan, but may presume that a borrower will be able to repay a loan if the loan has certain characteristics that meet the QM definition. The CFPB adopted its QM definition that establishes rigorous underwriting and product feature requirements for a loan to be deemed a QM. Within those regulations, the CFPB created a special exemption for the GSEs that is generally referred to as the “QM patch” and allows any loan that meets the GSE underwriting and product guidelines to be a QM. The QM patch effectively provides QM designation for GSE eligible loans that have a debt-to-income ratio in excess of 43%, which represents a meaningful portion of the loans currently purchased by the GSEs. Without the QM patch or an alternative, loans with debt-to-income ratios above 43% would not be designated as QM unless they were insured by a federal agency such as the FHA or VA, which have each adopted their own QM definition that does not currently have a debt-to-income ratio limitation. The QM patch expires on the earlier of the end of the GSEs’ conservatorship or January 10, 2021. On July 25, 2019, the CFPB released an Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (“ANPR”) regarding the expiration of the QM patch. The ANPR specifically states

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that the CFPB intends to allow the QM patch to expire in January 2021 or after a short extension, if necessary, and requests comments on possible amendments to the CFPB’s QM definition, including potential replacements for the QM patch. The CFPB has stated that it is “committed to ensuring a smooth and orderly mortgage market” in considering these issues and any resulting transition away from the QM patch. We believe there are many viable alternatives for replacing the QM patch, which, if adopted consistently across regulatory agencies, would limit the potential impact on the housing market and mortgage insurance market resulting from the expiration of the QM patch. However, the outcome of the rulemaking process is not known and the expiration of the QM patch without a viable replacement, or other potential amendment of the CFPB’s QM definition, could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. See “Item 1. Business—Regulation” in our 2018 Form 10-K and “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Legislation and administrative and regulatory changes and interpretations could impact our business” for further discussion regarding the definition of QM, the QM patch and the potential impact on our business.

Quarterly Highlights and Recent Company Developments

During the second quarter of 2019, we improved our debt maturity profile by completing the following transactions:


•	repayment at maturity of $158.6 million aggregate principal amount of our Senior Notes due 2019;


•	the issuance of $450 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2027; and


•	tender offers resulting in the purchases of aggregate principal amounts of $207.2 million and $127.3 million of our Senior Notes due 2020 and 2021, respectively.

On July 25, 2019, Radian Group redeemed the remaining $27.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2020, in accordance with the terms of the related indenture. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capitalization—Holding Company” and Note 11 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about these transactions.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company had utilized $197.5 million of its $250 million share repurchase authorization, including $165.8 million, excluding commissions, for shares repurchased during the three months ended June 30, 2019. Subsequent to June 30, 2019, we completed the repurchase authorization under this program by purchasing additional shares of our common stock totaling $52.5 million, excluding commissions. Over the course of the program, the Company repurchased 5.3% of the shares outstanding at the beginning of the program. See Note 13 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on our share repurchase program.

As part of Radian’s long-term risk distribution strategy, Radian Guaranty entered into a fully collateralized reinsurance agreement with Eagle Re 2019-1 in April 2019 that provides for up to $562.0 million of aggregate excess-of-loss reinsurance coverage. For additional information about Eagle Re 2019-1 and our other reinsurance arrangements, see Note 7 in Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and “Results of Operations—Mortgage Insurance—NIW, IIF, RIF—Net Premiums Written and Earned.”

In April 2019, the Pennsylvania Insurance Department approved a $375 million Extraordinary Distribution from Radian Guaranty to Radian Group, which was paid on April 30, 2019 in the form of cash and marketable securities. See Note 15 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of this distribution of capital, including the effect on Radian Guaranty’s statutory capital.

Key Factors Affecting Our Results

The key factors affecting our results are discussed in our 2018 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to these key factors.

Results of Operations—Consolidated

Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

Radian Group serves as the holding company for our operating subsidiaries and does not have any operations of its own. Our consolidated operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 primarily reflect the financial results and performance of our two business segments—Mortgage Insurance and Services. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding the basis of our segment reporting, including the related allocations. See “Results of Operations—Mortgage Insurance” and “Results of Operations—Services” for

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the operating results of these business segments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in 2018.

In addition to the results of our operating segments, pretax income (loss) is also affected by those factors described in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Factors Affecting Our Results” in our 2018 Form 10-K.

The following table highlights selected information related to our consolidated results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:



							Change									Change
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Favorable (Unfavorable)			Six Months Ended June 30,						Favorable (Unfavorable)
(In millions, except per-share amounts)	2019			2018			2019 vs. 2018			2019			2018			2019 vs. 2018
Pretax income	$	209.5		$	180.6		$	28.9		$	425.7		$	323.0		$	102.7
Net income	166.7			208.9			(42.2		)	337.7			323.4			14.3
Diluted net income per share	0.78			0.96			(0.18		)	1.56			1.48			0.08
Book value per share at June 30	18.42			15.01			3.41			18.42			15.01			3.41

Net premiums earned—insurance (1)	299.2			251.3			47.9			562.7			493.9			68.8
Services revenue (2)	39.3			36.8			2.5			72.1			70.0			2.1
Net investment income (1)	43.8			37.5			6.3			87.6			71.4			16.2
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments	12.5			(7.4		)	19.9			34.4			(26.3		)	60.7
Provision for losses (1)	47.4			19.3			(28.1		)	68.2			56.6			(11.6		)
Cost of services (2)	27.8			24.2			(3.6		)	52.0			47.3			(4.7		)
Other operating expenses	70.0			70.2			0.2			148.9			133.4			(15.5		)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	16.8			—			(16.8		)	16.8			—			(16.8		)
Income tax provision (benefit)	42.8			(28.4		)	(71.2		)	88.0			(0.4		)	(88.4		)
Adjusted pretax operating income (3)	$	215.9		$	191.0		$	24.9		$	417.9		$	355.1		$	62.8
Adjusted diluted net operating income per share (3)	0.80			0.69			0.11			1.52			1.28			0.24

Return on equity	17.8		%	26.7		%	(8.9		)%	18.6		%	20.9		%	(2.3		)%
Adjusted net operating return on equity (3)	18.2		%	19.3		%	(1.1		)%	18.2		%	18.1		%	0.1		%

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(1)	Relates primarily to the Mortgage Insurance segment. See “Results of Operations—Mortgage Insurance” for more information.


(2)	Relates to our Services segment. See “Results of Operations—Services” for more information.


(3)	See “—Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below.

Net Income. As discussed in more detail below, our results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in 2018, primarily reflect: (i) income tax benefits in 2018 (see “—Income Tax Provision” below); and (ii) in 2019, an increase in provision for losses and loss on extinguishment of debt. Partially offsetting these items is: (i) an increase in net premiums earned, including a cumulative adjustment to unearned premiums, as discussed in Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements; (ii) an increase in net gains on investments and other financial instruments; and (iii) an increase in net investment income.

Diluted Net Income Per Share. The change in diluted net income per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in 2018, is primarily due to the change in net income, as discussed above.

Book Value Per Share. The increase in book value per share from $16.34 at December 31, 2018, to $18.42 at June 30, 2019, is primarily due to (i) our net income for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and (ii) an increase of $0.70 per share due to net unrealized gains in our available for sale securities, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. These

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increases were partially offset by the $0.23 per share net impact of our share repurchases for the six months ended June 30, 2019, inclusive of the cost of these repurchases.

Net Gains (Losses) on Investments and Other Financial Instruments. The increase in net gains on investments and other financial instruments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same periods in 2018, is primarily due to the increase in unrealized gains in our trading portfolio related to changes in fair value resulting from lower interest rates. The components of the net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments for the periods indicated are as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)	2019		2018			2019		2018
Net unrealized gains (losses) related to change in fair value of trading securities and other investments	$	9.1	$	(5.7	)	$	28.6	$	(18.5	)
Net realized gains (losses) on investments	1.7		(1.1		)	—		(4.5		)
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	—		—			—		(0.9		)
Net gains (losses) on other financial instruments	1.7		(0.6		)	5.8		(2.4		)
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments	$	12.5	$	(7.4	)	$	34.4	$	(26.3	)

Other Operating Expenses. Other operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2019 decreased slightly as compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to an increase in ceding commissions, resulting from a change in estimate affecting policies covered under our Single Premium QSR, partially offset by higher allocated corporate operating expenses primarily due to ongoing investments in our technology systems. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion about the change in estimate for Single Premium Policies. In addition to these items, other operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018, also included: (i) increases due to businesses acquired in 2018 and the resulting inclusion of their operating expenses and (ii) an increase in non-operating items, primarily related to impairment of other long-lived assets. As a result, other operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased as compared to the same period in 2018.

Income Tax Provision. Our effective tax rate was 20.4% and 20.7% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, which approximates the federal statutory rate. For the same periods in 2018, our effective tax rates were different from the federal statutory tax rate, primarily due to the tax impact of Discrete Items. The impact of Discrete Items on our effective tax rate may fluctuate from period to period. In the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Discrete Items impacting our effective tax rate primarily included $73.6 million of tax benefit related to the impact of the settlement of the IRS Matter and related state tax liabilities.

Return on Equity. The change in return on equity is primarily due to the change in net income partially offset by the increase in stockholders’ equity.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures. In addition to the traditional GAAP financial measures, we have presented “adjusted pretax operating income,” “adjusted diluted net operating income per share” and “adjusted net operating return on equity,” which are non-GAAP financial measures for the consolidated company, among our key performance indicators to evaluate our fundamental financial performance. These non-GAAP financial measures align with the way our business performance is evaluated by both management and by our board of directors. These measures have been established in order to increase transparency for the purposes of evaluating our operating trends and enabling more meaningful comparisons with our peers. Although on a consolidated basis “adjusted pretax operating income,” “adjusted diluted net operating income per share” and “adjusted net operating return on equity” are non-GAAP financial measures, for the reasons discussed above we believe these measures aid in understanding the underlying performance of our operations. Our senior management, including our Chief Executive Officer (Radian’s chief operating decision maker), uses adjusted pretax operating income (loss) as our primary measure to evaluate the fundamental financial performance of the Company’s business segments and to allocate resources to the segments.

Adjusted pretax operating income is defined as GAAP consolidated pretax income (loss) excluding the effects of: (i) net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments; (ii) loss on extinguishment of debt; (iii) amortization and impairment of goodwill and other acquired intangible assets; and (iv) impairment of other long-lived assets and other non-operating items, such as losses from the sale of lines of business and acquisition-related expenses. Adjusted diluted net

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operating income per share is calculated by dividing (i) adjusted pretax operating income attributable to common stockholders, net of taxes computed using the company’s statutory tax rate, by (ii) the sum of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and all dilutive potential common shares outstanding. Adjusted net operating return on equity is calculated by dividing annualized adjusted pretax operating income, net of taxes computed using the company’s statutory tax rate, by average stockholders’ equity, based on the average of the beginning and ending balances for each period presented. See Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Consolidated—Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” each in our 2018 Form 10-K for detailed information regarding items excluded from adjusted pretax operating income including the reasons for their treatment.

Total adjusted pretax operating income, adjusted diluted net operating income per share and adjusted net operating return on equity are not measures of overall profitability, and therefore should not be considered in isolation or viewed as substitutes for GAAP pretax income, diluted net income per share or return on equity. Our definitions of adjusted pretax operating income, adjusted diluted net operating income per share and adjusted net operating return on equity may not be comparable to similarly-named measures reported by other companies.

The following tables provide reconciliations of the most comparable GAAP measures of consolidated pretax income, diluted net income per share and return on equity, to our non-GAAP financial measures for the consolidated company of adjusted pretax operating income, adjusted diluted net operating income per share and adjusted net operating return on equity, respectively:



Reconciliation of Consolidated Pretax Income to Adjusted Pretax Operating Income
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Consolidated pretax income	$	209,545		$	180,571		$	425,681		$	323,013
Less reconciling income (expense) items:
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments	12,540			(7,404		)	34,453			(26,291		)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(16,798		)	—			(16,798		)	—
Amortization and impairment of other acquired intangible assets	(2,139		)	(2,748		)	(4,326		)	(5,496		)
Impairment of other long-lived assets and other non-operating items (1)	103			(286		)	(5,557		)	(312		)
Total adjusted pretax operating income (2)	$	215,839		$	191,009		$	417,909		$	355,112

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(1)	The amount for the six months ended June 30, 2019 primarily relates to impairments of other long-lived assets and is included in other operating expenses on the condensed consolidated statement of operations.


(2)	Total adjusted pretax operating income on a consolidated basis consists of adjusted pretax operating income (loss) for our Mortgage Insurance segment and our Services segment, as further detailed in in Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Reconciliation of Diluted Net Income Per Share to Adjusted Diluted Net Operating Income Per Share
	Three Months Ended June 30,							Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019			2018				2019			2018
Diluted net income per share	$	0.78		$	0.96			$	1.56		$	1.48

Less per-share impact of reconciling income (expense) items:
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments	0.06			(0.03		)		0.16			(0.12		)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(0.08		)	—				(0.08		)	—
Amortization and impairment of other acquired intangible assets	(0.01		)	(0.01		)		(0.02		)	(0.03		)
Impairment of other long-lived assets and other non-operating items	—			—				(0.02		)	—
Income tax provision (benefit) on reconciling income (expense) items (1)	(0.01		)	(0.01		)		0.01			(0.03		)
Difference between statutory and effective tax rates	—			0.30			(2)	0.01			0.32			(2)
Per-share impact of reconciling income (expense) items	(0.02		)	0.27				0.04			0.20
Adjusted diluted net operating income per share (1)	$	0.80		$	0.69			$	1.52		$	1.28

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(1)	Calculated using the company’s federal statutory tax rate of 21%. Any permanent tax adjustments and state income taxes on these items have been deemed immaterial and are not included.


(2)	Includes $0.34 of tax benefit related to the settlement of the IRS Matter, which includes both the impact of the settlement with the IRS as well as the reversal of certain related previously accrued state and local tax liabilities.

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Reconciliation of Return on Equity to Adjusted Net Operating Return on Equity (1)
	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018			2019		2018
Return on equity (1)	17.8	%	26.7	%		18.6	%	20.9	%
Less impact of reconciling income (expense) items: (2)
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments	1.3		(0.9	)		1.9		(1.7	)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(1.8	)	—			(0.9	)	—
Amortization and impairment of other acquired intangible assets	(0.2	)	(0.4	)		(0.2	)	(0.4	)
Impairment of other long-lived assets and other non-operating items	—		—			(0.3	)	—
Income tax provision (benefit) on reconciling income (expense) items (3)	(0.1	)	(0.3	)		0.1		(0.4	)
Difference between statutory and effective tax rates	0.2		8.4		(4)	—		4.5		(4)
Impact of reconciling income (expense) items	(0.4	)	7.4			0.4		2.8
Adjusted net operating return on equity	18.2	%	19.3	%		18.2	%	18.1	%

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(1)	Calculated by dividing annualized net income by average stockholders’ equity, based on the average of the beginning and ending balances for each period presented.


(2)	Annualized, as a percentage of average stockholders’ equity.


(3)	Calculated using the company’s federal statutory tax rate of 21%. Any permanent tax adjustments and state income taxes on these items have been deemed immaterial and are not included.


(4)	For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, includes 9.4% and 4.7%, respectively, of tax benefit related to the settlement of the IRS Matter, which includes both the impact of the settlement with the IRS as well as the reversal of certain related previously accrued state and local tax liabilities.

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Results of Operations—Mortgage Insurance

Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

The following table summarizes our Mortgage Insurance segment’s results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:



						$ Change							$ Change
	Three Months Ended June 30,					Favorable (Unfavorable)			Six Months Ended June 30,				Favorable (Unfavorable)
(In millions)	2019		2018			2019 vs. 2018			2019		2018		2019 vs. 2018
Adjusted pretax operating income (1) (2)	$	219.4	$	197.4		$	22.0		$	427.5	$	369.2	$	58.3
Net premiums written—insurance	265.3		252.0			13.3			516.9		489.9		27.0
(Increase) decrease in unearned premiums	31.0		(3.0		)	34.0			41.2		1.6		39.6
Net premiums earned—insurance	296.3		249.0			47.3			558.1		491.5		66.6
Net investment income	43.6		37.4			6.2			87.2		71.4		15.8
Provision for losses	47.2		19.4			(27.8		)	68.0		56.8		(11.2		)
Policy acquisition costs	6.2		6.0			(0.2		)	12.1		13.1		1.0
Other operating expenses (2)	52.8		53.4			0.6			108.9		103.9		(5.0		)
Interest expense	15.0		10.8			(4.2		)	30.7		21.5		(9.2		)

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(1)	Our senior management uses adjusted pretax operating income (loss) as our primary measure to evaluate the fundamental financial performance of each of the Company’s business segments. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)

Includes allocation of corporate operating expenses of $24.4 million and $50.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and $20.1 million and $38.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about our allocation of corporate operating expenses to segments.

Adjusted Pretax Operating Income. Our Mortgage Insurance segment’s adjusted pretax operating income increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in 2018, primarily reflecting: (i) an increase in net premiums earned, including a cumulative adjustment to unearned premiums, as discussed in Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements; and (ii) an increase in net investment income. Partially offsetting these items are increases in: (i) provision for losses and (ii) interest expense. See “Results of Operations—Services—Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018—Interest Expense.”

In addition to these items, the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018, reflected an increase in other operating expenses, as described further below. See “—NIW, IIF, RIF—Other Operating Expenses” for additional information.

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NIW, IIF, RIF

A key component of our current business strategy is to write profitable insurance on high credit quality mortgages in the U.S. Consistent with this objective, we wrote $18.5 billion and $29.4 billion of primary NIW in the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to $16.4 billion and $28.1 billion of NIW in the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Our Persistency Rate for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019 increased to 83.4%, as compared to 80.9% for the twelve months ended June 30, 2018. The combination of our NIW and our Persistency Rate resulted in an increase in IIF, from $221.4 billion at December 31, 2018 to $230.8 billion at June 30, 2019, as shown in the chart below.

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(1)	Policy years represent the original policy years, and have not been adjusted to reflect subsequent HARP refinancing activity.


(2)	Adjusted to reflect subsequent HARP refinancing activity, this percentage would decrease to 5.3%, 6.0% and 7.1% as of June 30, 2019, December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

Our IIF is the primary driver of the future premiums that we expect to earn over time. Although not reflected in the current period financial statements, nor in our reported book value, we expect our IIF to generate substantial earnings in future periods, due to the high credit quality of our current mortgage insurance portfolio and its expected persistency over multiple years. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Factors Affecting Our Results—Mortgage Insurance—IIF; Persistency Rate; Mix of Business” in our 2018 Form 10-K for more information.

NIW increased by 12.9% and 4.8% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2018. We believe total mortgage origination volume was higher for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the comparable periods in 2018, due to an increase in both purchase and refinance originations. Consistent with these trends in the mortgage origination market, the volume of both our purchase originations and our refinance originations increased during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in 2018. Our NIW for 2019 also reflects the successful implementation of our “black box” pricing strategy, which has been well received by customers and a majority of the NIW we are writing is being priced through Radar Rates.

Although it is difficult to project future volumes, industry sources expect the total mortgage origination market for the full year 2019 to increase 7% compared to 2018, driven by an expected increase in purchase originations as well as an increase in refinance originations as a result of lower interest rates. We currently expect the mortgage insurance market for the full year

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2019 to increase in comparison to 2018, driven primarily by purchase originations. Based on industry forecasts and our projections, we currently expect our NIW in 2019 to be in excess of our prior year volume of $56.5 billion.

As of June 30, 2019, our portfolio of business written after 2008, including HARP refinancings, represented approximately 94.7% of our total primary RIF. Loan originations after 2008 consist primarily of high credit quality loans with significantly better credit performance than loans originated during 2008 and prior periods. The volume of insurance that we have written on high credit quality loans after 2008 has significantly improved our mortgage insurance portfolio mix.

Our actual and expected future losses on our portfolio written after 2008, together with HARP refinancings, are significantly lower than those experienced on our NIW prior to and including 2008. The following charts illustrate the trends of our cumulative incurred loss ratios by year of origination and development year.

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(1)	Represents inception-to-date losses incurred as a percentage of net premiums earned.


(2)	Incurred losses in 2017 were slightly, but not materially, elevated due to the impact of Hurricanes Harvey and Irma.


(3)	Radian’s stochastic modeling, used for pricing, indicates an approximate 20% through-the-cycle loss ratio on newly originated mortgage insurance business.

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The following tables provide selected information as of and for the periods indicated related to mortgage insurance NIW, RIF and IIF. Policy years represent the original policy years and have not been adjusted to reflect subsequent HARP refinancing activity. Throughout this report, unless otherwise noted, RIF is presented on a gross basis and includes the amount ceded under reinsurance. NIW, RIF and IIF for direct Single Premiums include policies written on an individual basis (as each loan is originated) and on an aggregated basis (in which each individual loan in a group of loans is insured in a single transaction, typically after the loans have been originated).



Primary NIW
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Total primary NIW	$	18,539		$	16,417		$	29,420		$	28,081
Total primary risk written	$	4,552		$	4,155		$	7,280		$	7,084
Average coverage percentage	24.6		%	25.3		%	24.7		%	25.2		%

Primary NIW by Loan Purpose:
Purchases	89.8		%	94.8		%	90.7		%	92.3		%
Refinances	10.2		%	5.2		%	9.3		%	7.7		%

Primary NIW by Premium Type:
Direct Monthly and Other Recurring Premiums	83.3		%	76.1		%	83.3		%	77.3		%

Borrower-paid (1)	14.2			14.0			13.7			10.4
Lender-paid	2.5			9.9			3.0			12.3
Direct single premiums	16.7			23.9			16.7			22.7
Total	100.0		%	100.0		%	100.0		%	100.0		%

Total borrower-paid	96.5		%	89.1		%	96.0		%	86.6		%

Primary NIW by FICO Score (2) :
>=740	62.2		%	56.0		%	60.5		%	56.1		%
680-739	32.5		%	35.9		%	33.3		%	35.9		%
620-679	5.3		%	8.1		%	6.2		%	8.0		%

Primary NIW by LTV:
95.01% and above	20.5		%	16.3		%	20.2		%	15.9		%
90.01% to 95.00%	38.1		%	45.3		%	39.1		%	45.0		%
85.01% to 90.00%	26.9		%	27.5		%	27.1		%	27.5		%
85.00% and below	14.5		%	10.9		%	13.6		%	11.6		%

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(1)	Borrower-paid Single Premium Policies have lower Minimum Required Assets under the PMIERs as compared to lender-paid Single Premium Policies.


(2)	For loans with multiple borrowers, the percentage of primary new insurance written by FICO score represents the lowest of the borrowers’ FICO scores. All periods prior to March 31, 2019 had previously been presented based on the FICO score of the primary borrower and have been restated to reflect the lowest of the borrowers’ FICO scores.

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Primary IIF and RIF
($ in millions)	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			June 30, 2018
Total primary IIF	$	230,756		$	221,443		$	210,741
Total primary RIF	$	59,057		$	56,728		$	53,922
Average coverage percentage	25.6		%	25.6		%	25.6		%

Total primary RIF on defaulted loans	$	986		$	1,032		$	1,093
Percentage of RIF in default	1.7		%	1.8		%	2.0		%

Persistency Rate (12 months ended)	83.4		%	83.1		%	80.9		%
Persistency Rate (quarterly, annualized) (1)	80.8		%	85.5		%	82.3		%

Primary RIF by Premium Type:
Direct Monthly and Other Recurring Premiums	71.2		%	70.3		%	69.6		%

Borrower-paid (2)	8.0			7.3			6.5
Lender-paid	20.8			22.4			23.9
Direct single premiums	28.8			29.7			30.4
Total	100.0		%	100.0		%	100.0		%

Total borrower-paid	76.4		%	74.5		%	72.6		%

Primary RIF by FICO Score (3) :
>=740	55.7		%	55.1		%	55.0		%
680-739	34.6		%	34.8		%	34.6		%
620-679	8.9		%	9.3		%	9.4		%
<=619	0.8		%	0.8		%	1.0		%

Primary RIF by LTV:
95.01% and above	13.2		%	11.6		%	10.3		%
90.01% to 95.00%	52.5		%	53.1		%	53.3		%
85.01% to 90.00%	28.2		%	29.0		%	29.7		%
85.00% and below	6.1		%	6.3		%	6.7		%

Primary RIF by Policy Year:
2008 and prior	8.9		%	10.1		%	11.9		%
2009 - 2013	9.3		%	11.4		%	13.7		%
2014	5.3		%	6.1		%	7.1		%
2015	8.9		%	10.2		%	11.9		%
2016	14.8		%	16.8		%	19.2		%
2017	18.9		%	21.1		%	23.2		%
2018	21.8		%	24.3		%	13.0		%
2019	12.1		%	—		%	—		%

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(1)	The Persistency Rate on a quarterly, annualized basis is calculated based on loan-level detail for the quarter ending as of the date shown. It may be impacted by seasonality or other factors, and may not be indicative of full-year trends.


(2)	Borrower-paid Single Premium Policies have lower Minimum Required Assets under the PMIERs as compared to lender-paid Single Premium Policies.


(3)	For loans with multiple borrowers, the percentage of primary risk in force by FICO score represents the lowest of the borrowers’ FICO scores. All periods prior to March 31, 2019 had previously been presented based on the FICO score of the primary borrower and have been restated to reflect the lowest of the borrowers’ FICO scores.

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Net Premiums Written and Earned. Net premiums written and earned for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 increased compared to the same periods in 2018, reflecting an increase in our IIF primarily related to an increase in our Monthly Premium Policies. Net premiums earned for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 includes a $32.9 million cumulative adjustment related to an update to the amortization rates used to recognize revenue for Single Premium Policies. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

The impact of mortgage prepayment speeds on the mix of business we write affects the revenue ultimately produced by our mortgage insurance business. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Factors Affecting Our Results—Mortgage Insurance—IIF; Persistency Rate; Mix of Business” in our 2018 Form 10-K for more information.

The table below provides additional information about the components of mortgage insurance net premiums earned for the periods indicated, including the effects of our reinsurance programs.



	Three Months Ended June 30,							Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2019				2018			2019				2018
Net premiums earned—insurance:
Direct
Premiums earned, excluding revenue from cancellations	$	315,109		(1)	$	249,302		$	583,605		(1)	$	494,398
Single Premium Policy cancellations	15,793				14,776			25,750				27,111
Direct	330,902			(1)	264,078			609,355			(1)	521,509

Assumed (2)	2,481				1,510			4,931				2,828

Ceded
Premiums earned, excluding revenue from cancellations	(53,948		)	(1)	(20,491		)	(78,434		)	(1)	(40,794		)
Single Premium Policy cancellations (3)	(4,833		)		(4,046		)	(7,786		)		(7,347		)
Profit commission—other (4)	21,732			(1)	7,917			30,046			(1)	15,322
Ceded premiums, net of profit commission	(37,049		)	(1)	(16,620		)	(56,174		)	(1)	(32,819		)

Total net premiums earned—insurance	$	296,334		(1)	$	248,968		$	558,112		(1)	$	491,518

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(1)	Includes a cumulative adjustment to unearned premiums recorded in the second quarter of 2019 related to an update to the amortization rates used to recognize revenue for Single Premium Policies. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.


(2)	Includes premiums earned from our participation in certain Front-end and Back-end credit risk transfer programs.


(3)	Includes the impact of related profit commissions.


(4)	The amounts represent the profit commission on the Single Premium QSR Program, excluding the impact of Single Premium Policy cancellations.

Net Premiums Written and Earned—Ceded. We use third-party reinsurance in our mortgage insurance business as part of our risk distribution strategy, including to manage our capital position and risk profile. When we enter into a reinsurance agreement, the reinsurer receives a premium and, in exchange, agrees to insure an agreed-upon portion of incurred losses. While these arrangements have the impact of reducing our earned premiums, they are expected to increase Radian Guaranty’s return on required capital for the related policies. The impact of these programs on our financial results will vary depending on the level of ceded RIF, as well as the levels of prepayments and incurred losses on the reinsured portfolios, among other factors. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Factors Affecting Our Results—Mortgage Insurance—Third-Party Reinsurance” and Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for more information about our reinsurance transactions.

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The following table provides information related to the premium impact of our reinsurance programs. See Note 7 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about our reinsurance programs, including the ceded amounts related to those programs.



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
% of total direct and assumed premiums written
QSR Program	1.6	%	1.2	%	0.9	%	1.4	%
Single Premium QSR Program	0.6		9.8		0.5		8.1
Excess-of-Loss Program	4.8		—		3.0		—
Total	7.0	%	11.0	%	4.4	%	9.5	%

% of total direct and assumed premiums earned
QSR Program	1.4	%	2.0	%	1.3	%	2.1	%
Single Premium QSR Program	7.3		4.2		5.9		4.1
Excess-of-Loss Program	2.3		—		1.8		—
Total	11.0	%	6.2	%	9.0	%	6.2	%

The table below provides information about the PMIERs impact of our reinsurance programs on our Minimum Required Assets as of the dates indicated.



(in thousands)	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			June 30, 2018
PMIERs impact - reduction in Minimum Required Assets: (1)
QSR Program	$	41,873		$	48,734		$	55,583
Single Premium QSR Program	516,468			522,318			489,631
Excess-of-Loss Program	926,640			455,440			—
Total PMIERs impact	$	1,484,981		$	1,026,492		$	545,214

Percentage of gross Minimum Required Assets	32.2		%	22.8		%	12.5		%

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(1)	Excludes the impact of intercompany reinsurance.

Net Investment Income. Higher investment yields, combined with higher average investment balances, resulted in increases in net investment income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in 2018. Our higher investment balances were primarily a result of investing our positive cash flow from operations. All periods include full allocation to the Mortgage Insurance segment of net investment income from investments held at Radian Group.

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Provision for Losses. The following table details the financial impact of the significant components of our provision for losses for the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)	2019			2018			2019			2018
Current period defaults (1)	$	40.7		$	37.2		$	73.5		$	67.3
Prior period defaults (2)	6.5			(18.1		)	(5.6		)	(11.3		)
Second-lien mortgage loan premium deficiency reserve and other	—			0.3			0.1			0.8
Provision for losses	$	47.2		$	19.4		$	68.0		$	56.8

Loss ratio (3)	15.9		%	7.8		%	12.2		%	11.6		%

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(1)	Related to defaulted loans with a most recent default notice dated in the period indicated. For example, if a loan had defaulted in a prior period, but then subsequently cured and later re-defaulted in the current period, the default would be considered a current period default.


(2)	Related to defaulted loans with a default notice dated in a period earlier than the period indicated, which have been continuously in default since that time.


(3)	Provision for losses as a percentage of net premiums earned. See below and “—Net Premiums Written and Earned” for further discussion of the components of this ratio.

Our mortgage insurance provision for losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 increased by $27.8 million and $11.2 million, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2018. Reserves established for new default notices were the primary driver of our total incurred losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Current period new primary defaults increased by 12.0% and 12.2% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2018. This increase primarily relates to new defaults on insurance written after 2008 and is consistent with typical default seasoning patterns for our recent NIW vintages. Our gross Default to Claim Rate assumption for new primary defaults was 8.0% at June 30, 2019, compared to 9.0% at June 30, 2018. This reduction in the estimated gross Default to Claim Rate assumption, which was based on observed trends, partially mitigated the increase in our provision for losses related to the increased number of new defaults in the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in 2018.

Our provision for losses during the first six months of 2019 was positively impacted by favorable reserve development on prior period defaults. This favorable development was primarily driven by a reduction during the period in certain Default to Claim Rate assumptions for prior year defaults compared to the assumptions used at December 31, 2018, partially offset by a $19.4 million increase in our IBNR reserve estimate in the three months ended June 30, 2019. The increase in our IBNR reserve estimate is related to previously disclosed legal proceedings involving challenges from certain servicers regarding our Loss Mitigation Activities, which challenges may result in the reversal of certain decisions regarding prior Rescissions, Claim Denials or Claim Curtailments. See Notes 10 and 12 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

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Our primary default rate at June 30, 2019 was 1.9% compared to 2.1% at December 31, 2018. The following table shows a rollforward of our primary loans in default, including new defaults from our insurance written in years: (i) prior to and including 2008 and (ii) after 2008:



	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019	2018	2019	2018
Beginning default inventory	20,122	24,597	21,093	27,922
Plus: New defaults on insurance written in years: (1)
Prior to and including 2008	4,174	4,695	8,722	9,708
After 2008	5,164	3,644	10,832	7,720
Total new defaults	9,338	8,339	19,554	17,428
Less: Cures (1)	9,192	9,739	19,671	21,106
Less: Claims paid (2)	604	1,105	1,266	2,157
Less: Rescissions and Claim Denials, net of (Reinstatements) (3)	21	4	67	(1	)
Ending default inventory	19,643	22,088	19,643	22,088

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(1)	Amounts include the new defaults and Cures in the FEMA Designated Areas associated with Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, which occurred during the third quarter of 2017. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, new defaults and Cures in these areas were as follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019	2018	2019	2018
New defaults	1,083	755	2,189	1,744
Cures	1,052	2,284	2,291	4,452


(2)	Includes those charged to a deductible or captive reinsurance transactions, as well as commutations.


(3)	Net of any previous Rescissions and Claim Denials that were reinstated during the period. Such reinstated Rescissions and Claim Denials may ultimately result in a paid claim.

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The following tables show additional information about our primary loans in default as of the dates indicated:



	June 30, 2019
	Total			Foreclosure Stage Defaulted Loans	Cure % During the 2nd Quarter		Reserve for Losses		% of Reserve
($ in thousands)	#	%		#	%		$		%
Missed payments:
Three payments or less	9,303	47.4	%	142	38.6	%	$	84,134	24.2	%
Four to eleven payments	5,682	28.9		432	24.0		91,015		26.2
Twelve payments or more	4,037	20.5		1,168	6.6		140,093		40.4
Pending claims	621	3.2		N/A	5.3		32,000		9.2
Total	19,643	100.0	%	1,742			347,242		100.0	%
IBNR and other							33,888
LAE							9,070
Total primary reserve							$	390,200



June 30, 2019
Key Reserve Assumptions
Gross Default to Claim Rate %	Net Default to Claim Rate %	Claim Severity %
35%	33%	98%



	December 31, 2018
	Total			Foreclosure Stage Defaulted Loans	Cure % During the 4th Quarter		Reserve for Losses		% of Reserve
($ in thousands)	#	%		#	%		$		%
Missed payments:
Three payments or less	10,038	47.6	%	148	33.2	%	$	83,540	23.1	%
Four to eleven payments	5,905	28.0		422	24.7		87,210		24.1
Twelve payments or more	4,468	21.2		1,365	6.5		156,808		43.4
Pending claims	682	3.2		N/A	4.3		34,130		9.4
Total	21,093	100.0	%	1,935			361,688		100.0	%
IBNR and other							13,864
LAE							10,271
Total primary reserve							$	385,823



December 31, 2018
Key Reserve Assumptions
Gross Default to Claim Rate %	Net Default to Claim Rate %	Claim Severity %
35%	33%	96%

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N/A – Not applicable

Our aggregate weighted average net Default to Claim Rate assumption for our primary loans used in estimating our reserve for losses, which is net of estimated Claim Denials and Rescissions, was 33% at both June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Our estimate with respect to future Rescissions, Claim Denials and Claim Curtailments, inclusive of claim withdrawals, reduced our loss reserve as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 by $30 million. These expectations are based primarily on our recent experience with respect to the number of claims that have been denied due to the policyholder’s failure to submit

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sufficient documentation to perfect a claim within the time period permitted under our Master Policies, and also our recent experience with respect to the number of insurance certificates that have been rescinded due to fraud, underwriter negligence or other factors. See Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K.

Our mortgage insurance total loss reserve as a percentage of our mortgage insurance total RIF was 0.7% at both June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. See Note 10 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding our reserves for losses and a reconciliation of our Mortgage Insurance segment’s beginning and ending reserves for losses and LAE.

We considered the sensitivity of our loss reserve estimates at June 30, 2019 by assessing the potential changes resulting from a parallel shift in Claim Severity and Default to Claim Rate for primary loans. For example, assuming all other factors remain constant, for every one percentage point absolute change in primary Claim Severity (which we estimated to be 98% of our risk exposure at June 30, 2019), we estimated that our total loss reserve at June 30, 2019 would change by approximately $4 million. Assuming the portfolio mix and all other factors remain constant, for every one percentage point absolute change in our primary net Default to Claim Rate, we estimated a $10 million change in our primary loss reserve at June 30, 2019.

Total mortgage insurance claims paid of $32.4 million and $67.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, decreased from claims paid of $56.5 million and $116.5 million for the same respective periods in 2018. The decrease in claims paid is consistent with the ongoing decline in the outstanding default inventory. Although expected claims are included in our reserve for losses, the timing of claims paid is subject to fluctuation from quarter to quarter, based on the rate that defaults cure and other factors (as described in “Item 1. Business—Mortgage Insurance—Defaults and Claims” in our 2018 Form 10-K) that make the timing of paid claims difficult to predict.

The following table shows claims paid by product and average claim paid by product for the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Net claims paid: (1)
Total primary claims paid	$	31,940	$	48,092	$	65,300	$	106,650
Total pool and other	472		1,111		1,702		2,411
Subtotal	32,412		49,203		67,002		109,061
Impact of commutations (2)	15		7,331		15		7,399
Total net claims paid	$	32,427	$	56,534	$	67,017	$	116,460

Total average net primary claim paid (1) (3)	$	50.1	$	54.8	$	49.4	$	54.4

Average direct primary claim paid (3) (4)	$	51.1	$	55.5	$	50.1	$	55.0

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(1)	Net of reinsurance recoveries.


(2)	Includes payments to commute mortgage insurance coverage on certain performing and non-performing loans and the impact of captive terminations.


(3)	Calculated without giving effect to the impact of commutations.


(4)	Before reinsurance recoveries.

Other Operating Expenses. Other operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2019 decreased slightly as compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to an increase in ceding commissions, resulting from change in estimate affecting policies covered under our Single Premium QSR, partially offset by higher allocated corporate operating expenses. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion about the change in estimate for Single Premium Policies. The six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018, also included an increase in allocated corporate operating expenses, primarily due to (i) higher technology related expenses and (ii) higher compensation expense, including variable and incentive-based compensation. As a result, other operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased as compared to the same period in 2018.

Our expense ratio on a net premiums earned basis represents our Mortgage Insurance segment’s operating expenses (which include policy acquisition costs and other operating expenses, as well as allocated corporate operating expenses), expressed as a percentage of net premiums earned. Our expense ratio was 19.9% and 21.7% for the three and six months ended

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June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to 23.9% and 23.8% for the same respective periods in 2018. The decline in our expense ratio in 2019 is primarily due to the cumulative adjustment for Single Premium Policies, as discussed above.

Results of Operations—Services

Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

The following table summarizes our Services segment’s results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:



							$ Change									$ Change
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Favorable (Unfavorable)			Six Months Ended June 30,						Favorable (Unfavorable)
(In millions)	2019			2018			2019 vs. 2018			2019			2018			2019 vs. 2018
Adjusted pretax operating income (loss) (1) (2)	$	(3.5	)	$	(6.4	)	$	2.9		$	(9.6	)	$	(14.0	)	$	4.4
Net premiums earned—insurance	2.8			2.4			0.4			4.6			2.4			2.2
Services revenue	40.4			37.7			2.7			74.1			71.9			2.2
Cost of services	28.0			24.4			(3.6		)	52.6			47.6			(5.0		)
Other operating expenses (2)	18.2			17.0			(1.2		)	35.8			30.6			(5.2		)
Interest expense	—			4.5			4.5			—			8.9			8.9

______________________


(1)	Our senior management uses adjusted pretax operating income (loss) as our primary measure to evaluate the fundamental financial performance of each of the Company’s business segments. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


(2)	Includes allocation of corporate operating expenses of $4.0 million and $8.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and $3.0 million and $5.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.

Adjusted Pretax Operating Income (Loss). Our Services segment’s adjusted pretax operating loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 was $3.5 million and $9.6 million, respectively, compared to adjusted pretax operating loss of $6.4 million and $14.0 million for the same respective periods in 2018. The decrease in our adjusted pretax operating loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same periods in 2018, was driven by a decrease in interest expense, partially offset by an increase in other operating expenses resulting from the impact of the businesses acquired in 2018 and the inclusion of other operating expenses for these businesses from their respective dates of acquisition.

Net premiums earned—insurance. Net premiums earned for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 increased compared to the same periods in 2018, as a result of the acquisition of the title insurance business in March 2018 and the inclusion of its operations.

Services Revenue. Services revenue increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same periods in 2018, primarily due to the inclusion of revenue from businesses acquired in 2018 since their respective dates of acquisition.

Cost of Services. Our cost of services is primarily affected by our level of services revenue. The level of these costs may also fluctuate if market rates of compensation change, or if there is decreased availability or a loss of qualified employees.

Other Operating Expenses. Other operating expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 were impacted by businesses acquired in 2018 and the resulting inclusion of other operating expenses for these businesses from their respective dates of acquisition. Other operating expenses also include other selling, general and administrative expenses, depreciation, and allocations of corporate general and administrative expenses. See “Results of Operations—Consolidated—Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018—Other Operating Expenses.”

Interest Expense. Effective January 1, 2019, the Clayton Intercompany Note was repaid using proceeds from an additional capital contribution from Radian Group. As a result of the intercompany note repayment, the Services segment no longer incurs interest expense on the intercompany note.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

There have been no material changes in off-balance sheet arrangements from those specified in our 2018 Form 10-K, other than as described below:

Variable Interest Entity

In April 2019, Radian Guaranty entered into a fully collateralized reinsurance agreement with Eagle Re 2019-1, an unaffiliated special purpose reinsurer domiciled in Bermuda. This reinsurance agreement provides for up to $562.0 million of aggregate excess-of-loss reinsurance coverage for mortgage insurance losses in connection with new defaults on an existing portfolio of eligible Recurring Premium Policies issued between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018, with an initial RIF of $10.7 billion. Radian Guaranty and its affiliates have retained the first-loss layer of $267.6 million of aggregate losses, as well as any losses in excess of the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. Eagle Re 2019-1 is a special purpose VIE that is not consolidated in our consolidated financial statements because we do not have the unilateral power to direct those activities that are significant to its economic performance. For additional information about Eagle Re 2019-1 and our other reinsurance arrangements, see Note 7 in Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

There have been no material changes outside of the ordinary course of business in our contractual obligations and commitments from those specified in our 2018 Form 10-K.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Consolidated Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities:



(In thousands)	Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2019			2018
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	338,129		$	300,822
Investing activities	(144,794		)	(376,700		)
Financing activities	(221,215		)	84,360
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and restricted cash	(4		)	(1		)
Increase (decrease) in cash and restricted cash	$	(27,884	)	$	8,481

Operating Activities. Our most significant source of operating cash flows is generally from premiums received from our mortgage insurance policies, while our most significant uses of operating cash flows are generally for claims paid on our mortgage insurance policies and our operating expenses. Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $338.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $300.8 million for the same period in 2018. This increase in net cash provided by operating activities in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, was principally the result of: (i) an increase in cash received from the IRS, including the remaining $57.2 million refund which was previously on deposit with the IRS; and (ii) a reduction in claims paid in 2019.

Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities decreased in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018, primarily as a result of: (i) an increase in proceeds from sales, net of purchases, of fixed-maturity investments available for sale and (ii) an increase in proceeds from sales of trading securities. These changes were partially offset by an increase in net purchases of short-term investments.

Financing Activities. Net cash used in financing activities increased for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to net cash provided by financing activities during the same period in 2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, our primary financing activities included: (i) an increase in repurchases of our common shares and (ii) repayments and repurchases of senior notes exceeding related issuances. See Notes 11 and 13 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our debt transactions and share repurchases.

See “Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)” for additional information.

Liquidity Analysis—Holding Company

Radian Group serves as the holding company for our insurance and other subsidiaries and does not have any operations of its own. At June 30, 2019, Radian Group had available, either directly or through an unregulated subsidiary, unrestricted cash and liquid investments of $878.6 million. Available liquidity at June 30, 2019 excludes certain additional cash and liquid investments that have been advanced to Radian Group from our subsidiaries to pay their allocated share of corporate expenses and interest payments. In addition, this amount does not take into consideration transactions subsequent to June 30, 2019, including: (i) $52.5 million in repurchases of Radian Group common stock, excluding commissions, pursuant to the share repurchase authorization discussed below and (ii) redemption of the remaining $27.0 million of aggregate principal amount of our Senior Notes due 2020.

In addition to available cash and marketable securities, Radian Group’s principal sources of cash to fund future liquidity needs include payments made to Radian Group under expense- and tax-sharing arrangements with its subsidiaries. Radian Group also has in place a $267.5 million unsecured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of bank lenders. At June 30, 2019,

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the full $267.5 million remains undrawn and available under the facility. See Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for additional information on the unsecured revolving credit facility.

Radian Group’s principal liquidity demands for the next 12 months are: (i) the payment of corporate expenses, including taxes; (ii) interest payments on our outstanding debt obligations; (iii) the payment of dividends on our common stock; (iv) the repurchases of Radian Group common stock pursuant to the share repurchase authorization subsequent to June 30, 2019, as described below; and (v) repayments or repurchases of our debt obligations, including the early redemption of the remaining $27.0 million of aggregate principal amount of our Senior Notes due 2020 on July 25, 2019.

In addition to our short-term liquidity needs discussed above, our most significant needs for liquidity beyond the next 12 months are potential additional capital contributions to our subsidiaries and the repayment of $970 million aggregate principal amount of debt due in future years. See “—Capitalization—Holding Company” below. Radian Group’s liquidity demands for the next 12 months or in future periods could also include: (i) repayments, repurchases or early redemptions of portions of our debt obligations and (ii) potential investments to support our business strategy. Subject to certain limitations, borrowings under the credit facility may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes, including, without limitation, capital contributions to Radian Group’s insurance and reinsurance subsidiaries as well as growth initiatives. See Note 11 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

If Radian Group’s current sources of liquidity are insufficient for Radian Group to fund its obligations, or if we otherwise decide to increase our liquidity position, Radian Group may seek additional capital, including by incurring additional debt, issuing additional equity, or selling assets, which we may not be able to do on favorable terms, if at all.

Share Repurchases. On March 20, 2019, Radian Group’s board of directors approved a $150 million increase in authorization for the Company’s existing share repurchase plan, bringing the total authorization to repurchase shares up to $250 million, excluding commissions. At June 30, 2019, purchase authority of up to a maximum of $52.5 million remained available under this program, which was scheduled to expire on July 31, 2020. Subsequent to June 30, 2019, Radian Group completed the repurchase authorization by purchasing additional shares of its common stock totaling $52.5 million, excluding commissions, which reduced available holding company liquidity from the amount reported at June 30, 2019, by the amount of such purchases. Over the course of the program, the Company repurchased a total of 11,258,574 shares, or 5.3% of the shares outstanding at the beginning of the program. See Note 13 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on our share repurchase program.

Dividends. Our quarterly common stock dividend currently is $0.0025 per share and, based on our current outstanding shares of common stock, we would require approximately $2.1 million in the aggregate to pay our quarterly dividends for the next 12 months. Radian Group is not subject to any limitations on its ability to pay dividends except those generally applicable to corporations that are incorporated in Delaware.

Corporate Expenses and Interest Expense. Radian Group has expense-sharing arrangements in place with its principal operating subsidiaries that require those subsidiaries to pay their allocated share of certain holding company expenses, including interest payments on most of Radian Group’s outstanding debt obligations. Payments of these corporate expenses for the next 12 months, excluding interest payments on Radian Group’s debt, are expected to be approximately $90 million to $100 million. For the same period, payments of interest on Radian Group’s debt obligations are expected to be approximately $41 million. We expect nearly all of our holding company expenses to be reimbursed by our subsidiaries under our expense-sharing arrangements. The expense-sharing arrangements between Radian Group and our insurance subsidiaries, as amended, have been approved by the applicable insurance departments, but such approval may be modified or revoked at any time.

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Capitalization—Holding Company

The following table presents our holding company capital structure:



(In thousands)	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Debt:
5.500% Senior Notes due 2019	$	—		$	158,623
5.250% Senior Notes due 2020	26,959			234,126
7.000% Senior Notes due 2021	70,360			197,661
4.500% Senior Notes due 2024	450,000			450,000
4.875% Senior Notes due 2027	450,000			—
Deferred debt costs on senior notes	(14,429		)	(10,062		)
Revolving credit facility	—			—
Total	982,890			1,030,348

Stockholders’ equity	3,783,244			3,488,715

Total capitalization	$	4,766,134		$	4,519,063

Debt to Capital Ratio	20.6		%	22.8		%

Radian’s holding company debt-to-capital ratio decreased to 20.6% at June 30, 2019 from 22.8% at December 31, 2018. During the second quarter of 2019, we reduced our total debt outstanding and improved our debt maturity profile by completing the following transactions:


•	repayment at maturity of $158.6 million aggregate principal amount of our Senior Notes due 2019;


•	the issuance of $450 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2027; and


•	tender offers resulting in the purchases of aggregate principal amounts of $207.2 million and $127.3 million of our Senior Notes due 2020 and 2021, respectively.

On July 25, 2019, Radian Group redeemed the remaining $27.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2020, in accordance with the terms of the related indenture.

Stockholders’ equity increased by $294.5 million from December 31, 2018 to June 30, 2019. The net increase in stockholders’ equity resulted primarily from: (i) our net income of $337.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and (ii) net unrealized gains on investments of $149.4 million, partially offset by shares repurchased under our share repurchase program of $197.6 million, including commissions.

We regularly evaluate opportunities, based on market conditions, to finance our operations by accessing the capital markets or entering into other types of financing arrangements with institutional and other lenders and financing sources, and consider various measures to improve our capital and liquidity positions, as well as to strengthen our balance sheet and improve Radian Group’s debt maturity profile. In the past, we have repurchased and exchanged, prior to maturity, some of our outstanding debt, and in the future, we may, from time to time, seek to redeem, repurchase or exchange for other securities, or otherwise restructure or refinance some or all of our outstanding debt, prior to maturity, in the open market, through other public or private transactions, including pursuant to one or more tender offers, or through any combination of the foregoing, as circumstances may allow. The timing or amount of any potential transactions will depend on a number of factors, including market opportunities and our views regarding our capital and liquidity positions and potential future needs. There can be no assurance that any such transactions will be completed on favorable terms, or at all.

Mortgage Insurance

The principal demands for liquidity in our mortgage insurance business include: (i) the payment of claims and potential claim settlement transactions, net of reinsurance; (ii) operating expenses (including those allocated from Radian Group); (iii) repayments of FHLB advances; and (iv) taxes. The principal sources of liquidity in our mortgage insurance business currently include insurance premiums, net investment income and cash flows from: (i) investment sales and maturities; (ii) FHLB advances; or (iii) capital contributions from Radian Group. We believe that the operating cash flows generated by each of our

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mortgage insurance subsidiaries will provide these subsidiaries with a substantial portion of the funds necessary to satisfy their needs for the foreseeable future.

As of June 30, 2019, our Mortgage Insurance segment maintained claims paying resources of $4.3 billion on a statutory basis, which consists of contingency reserves, statutory policyholders’ surplus, premiums received but not yet earned and loss reserves.

Radian Guaranty’s Risk-to-capital as of June 30, 2019 was 14.6 to 1. Our combined Risk-to-capital, which represents the consolidated Risk-to-capital measure for all of our Mortgage Insurance subsidiaries, was 13.3 to 1 as of June 30, 2019. Radian Guaranty is not expected to need additional capital to satisfy state insurance regulatory requirements in their current form. See Note 15 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Private mortgage insurers, including Radian Guaranty, are required to comply with the PMIERs to remain approved insurers of loans purchased by the GSEs. Radian Guaranty currently is an approved mortgage insurer under the PMIERs and is in compliance with the current PMIERs financial requirements. At June 30, 2019, Radian Guaranty’s Available Assets under the current PMIERs financial requirements totaled approximately $3.2 billion, resulting in excess available resources or a “cushion” of $660 million, or 26%, over its Minimum Required Assets of $2.6 billion.

The chart below summarizes our “cushion” under the PMIERs and Radian’s excess available resources as of June 30, 2018, December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019, calculated based on the PMIERs financial requirements in effect for each date shown. Our excess available resources include our unsecured revolving credit facility and holding company liquidity, which may be utilized to enhance Radian Guaranty’s PMIERs cushion.

______________________

(1)

Represents Radian Group’s Liquidity, net of the $35 million minimum liquidity requirement under the unsecured revolving credit facility. Radian Group’s Liquidity as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 includes $825 million and $450 million, respectively, from the April 2019 and December 2018 distributions of capital of $375 million and $450 million, respectively, from Radian Guaranty to Radian Group, as approved by the Pennsylvania Insurance Department.


(2)	Represents Radian Guaranty’s excess of Available Assets over its Minimum Required Assets, calculated in accordance with the PMIERs financial requirements in effect for each date shown. PMIERs 1.0 was in effect for June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018; PMIERs 2.0 was in effect for June 30, 2019.


(3)	Percentages represent the values shown as a percentage of Minimum Required Assets under the applicable PMIERs financial requirements in effect for the dates shown.

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In April 2019, Radian Guaranty entered into a fully collateralized reinsurance agreement with Eagle Re 2019-1 that reduced net RIF by a total of $562.0 million, reducing the PMIERs Minimum Required Assets by the same amount. See “Overview—Quarterly Highlights and Recent Company Developments” and Note 7 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on this new agreement.

In April 2019, the Pennsylvania Insurance Department approved a $375 million Extraordinary Distribution from Radian Guaranty to Radian Group, which was paid on April 30, 2019 in the form of cash and marketable securities. This distribution reduced our PMIERs Available Assets by $375 million.

Under Pennsylvania’s insurance laws, ordinary dividends and other distributions may only be paid out of an insurer’s positive unassigned surplus, measured as of the end of the prior fiscal year. Despite the fact that Radian Guaranty and Radian Reinsurance maintained significant positive statutory policyholders’ surplus balances, Radian Guaranty and Radian Reinsurance had negative unassigned surplus at December 31, 2018 of $701.9 million and $84.8 million, respectively. Therefore, no ordinary dividends can be paid by these subsidiaries in 2019. Due in part to the need to set aside contingency reserves, we do not expect that Radian Guaranty or Radian Reinsurance will have positive unassigned surplus, and therefore we expect that they will not have the ability to pay ordinary dividends for the foreseeable future.

Radian Guaranty and Radian Reinsurance are both members of the FHLB. As members, they may borrow from the FHLB, subject to certain conditions, which include the need to post collateral and the requirement to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB stock. Advances from the FHLB may be used to provide low-cost, supplemental liquidity for various purposes, including to fund incremental investments. Radian’s current strategy includes using FHLB advances as financing to purchase additional investment securities that have similar durations, for the purpose of generating additional earnings from our investment securities portfolio with minimal incremental risk. As of June 30, 2019, there were $106.4 million of FHLB advances outstanding.

Radian Guaranty and Radian Reinsurance from time to time enter into certain short-term securities lending agreements with third-party borrowers for the purpose of increasing the yield on our investment securities portfolio with minimal incremental risk. We have the right to request the return of the loaned securities at any time. See Note 5 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Services

As of June 30, 2019, our Services segment maintained cash and cash equivalents totaling $7.3 million, which included restricted cash of $0.1 million. Effective January 1, 2019, Radian Group recapitalized the Services segment with a capital contribution that enabled the Services segment to repay its accumulated allocated operating expense and interest expense, as well as to repay the Clayton Intercompany Note. While this action had no immediate net impact to Radian Group’s available liquidity, we expect that the Services segment will now be more likely to satisfy its reimbursement obligations in the future. In the event the cash flow from operations of the Services segment is not adequate to fund all of its needs, Radian Group may provide additional funds to the Services segment in the form of a capital contribution or an intercompany loan.

Liquidity levels may fluctuate depending on the levels and contractual timing of our invoicing and the payment practices of the Services clients, in combination with the timing of Services’ payments for employee compensation and to external vendors. The amount, if any, and timing of the Services segment’s dividend paying capacity will depend primarily on the amount of excess cash flow generated by the segment.

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Ratings

Radian Group, Radian Guaranty and Radian Reinsurance have been assigned the ratings set forth in the chart below. We believe that ratings often are considered by others in assessing our credit strength and the financial strength of our primary mortgage insurance subsidiaries. The following ratings have been independently assigned by third-party statistical rating organizations, are for informational purposes only and are subject to change.



	Moody’s (1)	S&P (2)
Radian Group	Ba2	BB+
Radian Guaranty	Baa2	BBB+
Radian Reinsurance	N/A	BBB+

______________________


(1)	Based on the October 1, 2018 update, Moody’s outlook for Radian Group and Radian Guaranty currently is Stable.


(2)	Based on the October 11, 2018 update, S&P’s outlook for Radian Group, Radian Guaranty and Radian Reinsurance is currently Stable.

Critical Accounting Policies

As of the filing date of this report, there were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies from those discussed in our 2018 Form 10-K, other than described below. See Note 1 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for accounting pronouncements issued but not yet adopted that may impact the Company’s consolidated financial position, earnings, cash flows or disclosures.

Leases

We determine if an arrangement includes a lease at inception. If it does, we recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and are recognized net of any payments made or received from the lessor. Lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease and are based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. In determining the net present value of lease payments, we use our incremental

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borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date or as of our date of adoption, January 1, 2019.

Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. For lease agreements entered into after the adoption of ASU 2016-02 that include lease and non-lease components, such components are generally not accounted for separately. We have elected the short-term exemption for contracts with lease terms of 12 months or less.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Market risk represents the potential for loss due to adverse changes in the value of financial instruments as a result of changes in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, and foreign currency exchange rates. The primary market risks in our investment portfolio are interest-rate risk and credit-spread risk, namely the fair value sensitivity of our fixed income securities to changes in interest rates and credit spreads, respectively. We regularly analyze our exposure to interest-rate risk and credit-spread risk and have determined that the fair value of our investments is materially exposed to changes in both interest rates and credit spreads.

Our market risk exposures at June 30, 2019 have not materially changed from those identified in our 2018 Form 10-K.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2019, pursuant to Rule 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the three-month period ended June 30, 2019, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are routinely involved in a number of legal actions and proceedings, including litigation and other disputes arising in the ordinary course of our business.

The legal and regulatory matters discussed above and in our 2018 Form 10-K could result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, injunctions, restitutions or other relief that could require significant expenditures or have other effects on our business. Management believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition. The outcome of litigation and other legal and regulatory matters and proceedings is inherently uncertain, and it is possible that one or more of the matters currently pending or threatened could have an adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition or results of operations for any particular period.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes to our risk factors from those previously disclosed in our 2018 Form 10-K.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Issuance of Unregistered Securities

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, no equity securities of Radian Group were sold that were not registered under the Securities Act.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table provides information about purchases of Radian Group common stock by us (and our affiliated purchasers) during the three months ended June 30, 2019.



Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
($ in thousands, except per-share amounts)
Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2)
Share repurchase program
4/1/2019 to 4/30/2019	4,133,652	$	21.94	4,131,329	$	127,652
5/1/2019 to 5/31/2019	2,153,016	$	22.52	1,890,979	$	85,164
6/1/2019 to 6/30/2019	1,452,156	$	22.58	1,448,024	$	52,488
Total	7,738,824			7,470,332

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(1)	Includes 268,492 shares tendered by employees as payment of taxes withheld on the vesting of certain restricted stock awards granted under the Company’s equity compensation plans.

(2)

On March 20, 2019, Radian Group’s board of directors approved a $150 million increase in authorization for the Company’s existing share repurchase plan, bringing the total authorization to repurchase shares up to $250 million, excluding commissions. Pursuant to this authorization, during the three months ended June 30, 2019, we purchased a total of 7,470,332 shares at an average price of $22.20 per share, including commissions. See Note 13 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on our share repurchase program.

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Item 6. Exhibits



Exhibit No.		Exhibit Name

4.1		Senior Indenture dated as of March 4, 2013 between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (file no. 1-11356) dated February 27, 2013 and filed on March 4, 2013)

4.2		Sixth Supplemental Indenture dated as of June 24, 2019 between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (file no. 1-11356) dated June 24, 2019 and filed on June 24, 2019)

4.3		Form of 4.875% Senior Notes due 2027 (included as Exhibit A to the Sixth Supplemental Indenture in Exhibit 4.2) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (file no. 1-11356) dated June 24, 2019 and filed on June 24, 2019)

10.1		Form of Radian Group Inc. Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (file no. 1-11356) dated April 10, 2019 and filed on April 10, 2019)

*31		Rule 13a - 14(a) Certifications

**32		Section 1350 Certifications

*101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

*101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

*101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

*101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

*101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

*101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.INS)

______________________

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	Radian Group Inc.

August 6, 2019	/s/ J. FRANKLIN HALL
	J. Franklin Hall
	Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

	/s/ ROBERT J. QUIGLEY
	Robert J. Quigley
	Senior Vice President, Controller