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RELIV INTERNATIONAL INC - Annual Report: 2012 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

____________

 

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO

SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2012

 

(Mark One)

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012
OR
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from _________to_________

 

Commission File Number

000-19932

RELIV’ INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware 371172197
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
incorporation or organization)  

 

 

136 Chesterfield Industrial Boulevard  
                Chesterfield, Missouri              63005
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 

 

(636) 537-9715

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

 

Securities registered pursuant to Sections 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class   Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

 

Common Stock, par value $0.001

  NASDAQ Global Select Market

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes o     No þ

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes o     No þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o

 

 
 

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ     No o

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer o     Accelerated filer o     Non-accelerated filer o Smaller Reporting Company þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o     No þ

 

Based upon the closing price of $1.75 per share of the registrant’s common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on June 29, 2012, the aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $13.7 million. (The determination of stock ownership by non-affiliates was made solely for the purpose of responding to the requirements of the Form and the registrant is not bound by this determination for any other purpose.)

 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of March 1, 2013 was 12,619,640 (excluding treasury shares).

 

Documents Incorporated by Reference

 

 

Document

 

Part of Form 10-K into Which

Document Is Incorporated

     
Sections of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 23, 2013, which is expected to be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2012  

Part III

 

 

 

 

 
 

  

INDEX

 

Part I    
     
Item No. 1 Business    1
Item No. 2 Properties  17
Item No. 3 Legal Proceedings  17
     
Part II    
     
Item No. 5 Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities  18
Item No. 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  19
Item No. 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data  27
Item No. 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure  27
Item No. 9A Controls and Procedures  27
Item No. 9B Other Information  27
     
Part III    
     
Item No. 10 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance  28
Item No. 11 Executive Compensation  28
Item No. 12 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters  28
Item No. 13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence  28
Item No. 14 Principal Accounting Fees and Services  28
     
Part IV    
     
Item No. 15 Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules  28

  

 

 
 

  

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This annual report includes both historical and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future results. Words such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” or similar words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Although we believe that our opinions and expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and our actual results may differ substantially from the views and expectations set forth in this annual report. We disclaim any intent or obligation to update any forward-looking statements after the date of this annual report to conform such statements to actual results or to changes in our opinions or expectations.

 

PART I

 

Item No. 1 - Business

 

Overview

 

  We are a developer, manufacturer and marketer of a proprietary line of nutritional supplements addressing basic nutrition, specific wellness needs, weight management and sports nutrition. All but one of our science-based supplements are packaged in powdered form and are not only simple to use but also, when mixed with water, juice or other liquid and consumed, provide an effective means of delivering nutrients to the body. We also offer a ready-to-drink product and a line of skin care and food products. We sell our products through an international network marketing system using independent distributors. We have sold products in the United States since 1988 and in selected international markets since 1991.

 

  We currently offer 17 nutritional supplements. In addition, we market a line of 7 skin care and food products under our Relivables brand. We have selectively evolved our product offering over our history. Our core line of nutritional supplements, which represented 54.6% of net product sales for the year ended December 31, 2012, includes the following four products:

 

Reliv Classic and Reliv NOW — two basic nutritional supplements containing a full and balanced blend of vitamins, minerals, proteins and herbs
Innergize! — an isotonic sports supplement in two flavors
FibRestore — a high-fiber and antioxidant supplement

 

These are our most successful supplements based on fiscal year 2012 net sales. We have 13 other nutritional supplements that complement these four core products. We periodically refine our products and introduce related new products and product categories. Our internal research and development team has developed most of our products, and we hold U.S. patents on six of these products —FibRestore, Arthaffect, ReversAge, Cellebrate, GlucAffect, and ProVantage. In addition, we have applied for U.S. patents on our CardioSentials and 24K products.

 

We believe that our network marketing model is the best method for the marketing and sale of our products because it utilizes ongoing personal contact among our distributors and their retail customers. This enables our distributors to communicate directly regarding the products, the business opportunity we offer and their personal experiences with both. We provide our distributors with a financially rewarding and entrepreneurial business opportunity, affording them the ability to earn compensation both from the direct sale of products and from sales volume generated by distributors they sponsor. We actively support our distributors by providing marketing materials, a dependable product fulfillment system and frequent educational, training and motivational programs.

 

The majority of our sales traditionally has been, and is expected to continue to be, made through our distributors in the United States. We also currently generate sales through distributor networks in Australia, Austria, Brunei, Canada, Germany, Indonesia, Ireland, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore and the United Kingdom. In each country in which we conduct business, our distributors operate under a uniform business and compensation model that maintains consistent marketing, sales, fulfillment, and compliance procedures. As of December 31, 2012, our network consisted of approximately 57,430 distributors — 40,470 in the United States and 16,960 across our international markets.

 

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  We manufacture all of our powdered nutritional supplements at our facility in Chesterfield, Missouri. We believe our ability to formulate and manufacture all but two of our own nutritional supplements enables us to produce our products efficiently while maintaining our high standards of quality assurance and proprietary product composition.

 

Industry Overview

 

Nutritional Supplement Market

 

We operate primarily in the $28.1 billion U.S. nutritional supplement market, which is part of the broader $117 billion U.S. nutrition industry according to 2010 data published by the Nutrition Business Journal, or NBJ, and an estimated $320.0 billion global nutrition industry, also according to the NBJ. Additionally, more than 150 million Americans take dietary supplements annually according to the Council for Responsible Nutrition.

 

A combination of demographic, healthcare and lifestyle trends are expected to drive continued growth in the nutritional supplement market. These trends include:

 

·Aging Population: The older population (persons 65 years or older) numbered 41.3 million in 2011 according to the Department of Health and Human Services. They represented 13.25% of the U.S. population, about one in every eight Americans. By 2030, there will be about 72.1 million older persons living in the U.S., more than twice their number in 2000. People 65 years or older represented 12.4% of the population in the year 2000 and are expected to represent 19.3% of the population by 2030. Between the years 2010 and 2030, the “baby boom” generation will reach age 65. We believe this ever-growing population will continue to focus on their nutritional needs as they age.

 

·Rising Healthcare Costs and Use of Preventative Maintenance: The costs of healthcare in the United States continue to increase rapidly each year. National health care spending reached $2.7 trillion in 2011 as the Alatrum Institute reported and is expected to reach $4.5 trillion by 2019 according to the National Coalition on Health Care, or NCHC. According to a Gallup survey, the percentage of all U.S. adults who are uninsured was 16.9% in the third quarter of 2012, similar to levels recorded over the past year. However, more Americans are uninsured now than were from 2008 through 2010. In addition, the total 2012 medical costs for a typical American family of four covered by a preferred plan provider (PPO) topped out at $20,728 which is a 66.9% increase from 2011 according to the Milliman Medical Index. The pharmacy costs for a family of four exceeded $3,000 in 2012 for the first time ever. In order to maintain quality of life as well as reduce medical costs, many consumers take preventative measures to improve their general health, including the use of nutritional supplements.

 

·Increasing Focus on Weight Management: According to a report published in the January 2009 Obesity analyzing NHANES (The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data, 86.3% of Americans will be overweight or obese by 2030. Related health care costs to obesity are expected to grow between $860.7 billion to $956.9 billion by 2030 and account for 16% to 18% of all medical expenditures. Being overweight can lead to more serious health concerns such as diabetes, heart disease and other chronic illnesses and individuals who are obese have a 10% to 50% increased risk of death from all causes, compared with healthy weight individuals. Bearing these facts in mind, we believe that there will be an increased need not only for weight loss products but for wellness products as well.

 

Direct Selling Market

 

Health and nutrition products are distributed through various market means, including retailers such as supermarkets, drugstores, mass merchants and specialty retailers; direct marketers such as mail order companies and Internet retailers; and direct sellers such as network marketers and healthcare practitioners. We distribute our products through the direct selling channel via our network marketers.

 

2
 

  

Direct selling involves the marketing of products and services directly to consumers in a person-to-person manner. Direct selling is a significant global industry largely utilized for the sale of a wide range of consumer products from companies such as Avon Products Inc., Alticor Inc. (Amway Corp.) and Tupperware Brands Corporation. According to the World Federation of Direct Selling Associations, or WFDSA, the 2011 global direct selling market (for all product categories) was estimated to be $153.7 billion, an increase from $132.2 billion in 2010. The WFDSA estimates that the number of individuals engaged in direct selling more than doubled between 1999 and 2011, from 35.9 million sellers to 91.5 million in 2011. The U.S. had 15.6 million direct sellers in 2011, the most of any country.

 

While the United States is currently the largest direct selling market with $29.8 billion in annual sales in 2011, international markets account for 80% of the entire industry, according to the WFDSA. Twenty-three countries (including the United States) have annual direct sales revenue of at least $1 billion and another thirty countries have annual direct sales revenue of at least $100 million, according to the WFDSA.

 

  We believe that we are well positioned to capitalize on the world-wide growth trends in direct sales, as both a developer and manufacturer of proprietary nutritional products, utilizing our network marketing distribution system.

 

Our Competitive Strengths

 

We believe that we possess a number of competitive strengths that are our key to growth and profitability in the future.

 

Complete, Simple Nutrition. We focus on the completeness, balance and simplicity of our basic nutritional supplements — Reliv Classic and Reliv NOW — as captured by our slogan, “Nutrition Made Simple. Life Made Rich.” Because these two basic nutritional supplements each contain a full and balanced blend of vitamins, minerals, proteins and herbs, supplementation is made simple for the consumer, who does not have to select and purchase several supplements for his or her basic nutritional needs. For more specific individual needs, we provide 15 additional supplements. We believe that our two basic nutritional supplements, together with our additional supplements and Relivables products, enhance the ability of our distributors to build their businesses by providing a comprehensive, simple product offering.

 

Nutritional Supplements Consumed in Liquid Form. We believe that our nutritional supplements which are consumed in liquid form, except for our LunaRich X capsules, provide a competitive advantage over other supplements such as vitamins, minerals and herbs in pill or tablet form. Our powder-based nutritional products are consumed with water, milk or juice and 24K, is a ready-to-drink product. Our products provide an effective means of delivering nutrients to the body. We believe nutrients taken orally in liquid form lead to better absorption at the cellular level, or “bioavailability.” Where serving sizes mandate, as with our LunaRich X capsules, we will use easily digestible capsules as a convenient and effective way of delivering small serving sizes of our powdered nutritional supplements.

 

In-House Development and Production. We have developed substantially all of our nutritional supplement and food products utilizing nutrition science as the basis for product formulation. We maintain an ongoing research and development effort led by Carl W. Hastings, Ph.D., our Chief Scientific Officer and Vice Chairman. In addition, we consult regularly with other industry professionals with respect to developments in nutritional science, product enhancements and new products. Since 1993, we have manufactured substantially all of our nutritional products at our facility in Chesterfield, Missouri. Currently, we outsource two nutritional supplement products, our 24K and LunaRich X capsules. We believe our ability to formulate and manufacture all but two of our own nutritional supplement products enables us to maintain our high standards of quality assurance and proprietary product composition.

 

Experienced Ambassador Team. Our Ambassador corps consists of distributors who have achieved the level of Master Director, have earned royalty payments of at least $4,000 in consecutive months and meet our leadership and character criteria necessary to garner our invitation to be an Ambassador. Our Ambassadors generally are our most productive distributors and are essential in recruiting, motivating and training our entire distributor network. We, and our Ambassadors, lead hundreds of annual events throughout all of our markets to motivate and train distributors, including regular recruiting meetings, trainings, conference calls, training schools for Master Affiliates and higher levels and regional, national and international distributor conferences. As of December 31, 2012, we had approximately 390 Ambassadors. The top 10 distributors at the Ambassador level have been with us for an average of 18 years, which provides consistency in training new distributors and contributes to a stable salesforce.

 

3
 

 

Uniform Distributor Business Model. Our distributor compensation system is essentially uniform throughout our domestic and international markets. The compensation plan is “seamless” in that distributors in each market all receive discounts and commissions on relatively the same terms, subject to a few variances to address market conditions and cultural preferences. We also provide consistent distributor documentation and training throughout our system and in all of our markets. We believe this uniform model is effective in motivating and training distributors to build their businesses and enter new markets.

 

Experienced and Incentivized Management Team. Our management team is led by our founder, Robert L. Montgomery, who has been our Chief Executive Officer since the inception of our company in 1985. Our executive officers have been employed by our company for an average of 18 years and are experienced in their areas of focus, which include manufacturing, sales, finance, marketing and operations. As of March 1, 2013, our directors and executive officers beneficially own approximately 37.7% of our common stock.

 

Our Business Strategy

 

Our basic objective is to increase our net sales by increasing the number and productivity of our distributors and by periodically improving our existing products and introducing new products. We also intend to invest in our infrastructure to improve our operating efficiencies, provide better service to our distributors and leverage our current operating facilities to improve our profitability. We seek to accomplish these objectives by employing the following strategic initiatives:

 

Leverage and Expand our Existing Distributor Base Throughout the United States. The United States has been and will continue to be our largest market. Our growth strategy in the United States involves multiple initiatives, such as continued investment in company-sponsored events and distributor training and better utilization of our upper-level distributors across different geographical areas.

 

Expand in Existing and New International Markets. We believe there is a significant opportunity to increase our net sales in international markets. We have a uniform business model across all of our markets and encourage our distributors to pursue their business in multiple markets. We believe this uniform business model will encourage expansion of our distributors in our existing international markets and will provide a framework that facilitates our entry into new international markets. To that end, we continue to monitor business conditions in potential new markets and will selectively expand as timing and conditions are appropriate.

 

Invest in Improved and New Products. As a developer of nutritional supplements, it is vital to continue to invest in the research and development of new and innovative products. Additionally, we will continue to improve and validate the efficacy of our existing product line. For example, in February 2011 we launched 24K, our first ready-to-drink product, to support energy production and mental focus and in January 2013 we launched our LunaRich X capsules containing concentrated lunasin to support heart health and overall wellness. In addition, since February 2012 we added LunaRich soy powder, which contains elevated levels of lunasin compared to standard soy powders, to six of our products: Reliv NOW, Reliv NOW for Kids, ProVantage, SoySentials, GlucAffect and Slimplicity. These types of investments should facilitate customer and distributor retention, as well as the recruitment of new distributors.

 

Expand and Improve our Manufacturing and Distribution Capabilities. We currently manufacture all of our powdered nutritional supplements at our facility in Chesterfield, Missouri. This allows us to precisely control product composition and quality assurance as well as better manage inventory levels. Periodically, we make appropriate investments that enhance our manufacturing capabilities and capacity to further leverage our existing facilities and trained production staff. We expect to continue to make appropriate investments in our manufacturing and fulfillment facilities.

 

4
 

 

Increase Appeal to Broader Demographic. Traditionally, our customer and distributor demographic has skewed towards baby boomers and older individuals searching for nutritional solutions to supplement their diet and support overall wellness.  While continuing to maintain our focus on the needs of this important segment, we believe there is an opportunity to expand our sales and distributor base by increasing our appeal to younger generations interested in nutrition and an active healthy lifestyle.  We believe the nutritional aspects and convenience of 24K, our healthy energy and mental focus drink, will attract health conscious on-the-go individuals, many of whom fall within the under-40 demographic.  Further, we maintain an active presence on popular social media sites including Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and several other social networks that are popular with younger generations.  Our internal social media team is comprised of Gen X and Gen Y staffers who regularly interact with distributors, customers and prospects. We plan to continue to develop products and programs, and expand our technology offerings in an effort to further appeal to younger generations interested in healthy active lifestyles and a vibrant evolving business opportunity.

 

Our Products

 

Product Overview

 

Our product line includes nutritional supplements that address basic nutrition, specific wellness needs, weight management and sports nutrition. We combine ingredients from science and nature in targeted, well-balanced, easy-to-use formulas that are specifically designed to enhance wellness and increase performance and energy in specific applications. All but one of our supplements is in powdered form that the consumer mixes with water, juice or other liquid. We also have a ready-to-drink product and a line of skin care and food products marketed under our Relivables brand name.

 

We currently offer 17 nutritional supplements. In addition, we offer 5 skin care and two food products under our Relivables line. Our basic nutritional supplements are formulated to provide a balanced and complete level of supplementation for the consumer. For more specific needs, we provide other focused product formulations. We have purposely been selective in the number and types of products that we offer. By providing a line of targeted products, we make it simple for our distributors and consumers to choose products appropriate for their objectives. We consider four of our oldest and best selling products — Reliv Classic, Reliv NOW, Innergize!, and FibRestore — to be our primary or “core” products.

 

The following table summarizes our product categories as of December 31, 2012. The net sales figures are for the year ended December 31, 2012:

 

Product Category  Product Name  % of 2012
Net Sales(1)
   Year
Introduced
Basic Nutrition  Reliv Classic  14.9   1988
   Reliv NOW    15.3   1988
   NOW for Kids    4.4   2000
   Reliv Delight    0.2   2001
            
Specific Wellness  FibRestore    13.8   1993
   Arthaffect    7.1   1996
   ReversAge    4.4   2000
   SoySentials    2.1   1998
   CardioSentials    1.6   2005
   GlucAffect    2.1   2008
   24K   3.2   2011
   LunaRich X capsules    N/A   2013
            
Weight Management(2)  Slimplicity Meal Replacement    1.7   2007
   Reliv Ultrim Plus    0.2   1988
   Cellebrate    0.9   1995
            

 

(table continued on following page)

 

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Sports Nutrition  Innergize!    10.4   1991
   ProVantage    3.2   1997
            
Relivables  Skin Care    0.7   2001
   Food Products    0.1   2009

 

______________________

 

(1)This table does not include net sales for the year ended December 31, 2012 related to freight and handling and sales of marketing materials, which represented approximately 13.7% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2012.
(2)Since its introduction in February 2007, our Slimplicity Meal Replacement formula has replaced Reliv Ultrim-Plus in all but our Canadian and Mexican markets. Upon introduction of our Slimplicity products in a particular market, our Reliv Ultrim-Plus line was discontinued in that market.

 

 

Basic Nutrition Supplements

 

Our four basic nutrition supplements provide consumers with a broad spectrum of essential nutrients. Every formulation is specifically designed to optimize and enhance the benefits of the nutrients it contains.

 

Reliv Classic is a nutritional supplement containing a variety of vitamins and minerals, soy and other protein sources and various herbs. It is a vegetarian product that contains no animal compounds, artificial preservatives, artificial flavors or added simple sugars. Reliv Classic is available in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei and the Philippines.

       

Reliv NOW is a nutritional supplement containing a variety of vitamins and minerals, soy and other protein sources and various herbs. Reliv NOW is available in every country where we operate except Indonesia.

       

NOW for Kids is a product designed to provide a balanced nutritional supplement for a child’s diet and contains a variety of vitamins and minerals. NOW for Kids is available in Australia, New Zealand, United States, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Austria, the Netherlands, Mexico, Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines.

 

Reliv Delight is a powdered nutritional supplement marketed as a milk replacement. Reliv Delight is available in Mexico and the United States.

 

Specific Wellness Supplements

 

Our line of eight specific wellness supplements contains specific compounds that target certain conditions and promote health. Each product is intended to work in conjunction with our basic nutritional supplement formulas to provide an effective, balanced and natural method for sustaining health and well-being.

 

ReversAge is a patented youth-promoting nutritional supplement designed to slow down the effects of the aging process. Three proprietary complexes form the foundation of the supplement: longevity complex, antioxidant complex and herbal complex. The longevity complex is restorative and designed to replenish key hormones while creating balance within the body’s major systems; the antioxidant complex is designed to slow aging at the cellular level and the herbal complex delivers a variety of herbs, including Ginkgo Biloba and Maca. ReversAge is available in every country where we operate except Germany, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Indonesia. In Canada, the product is marketed as Nutriversal.

       

SoySentials is a nutritional supplement containing soy as well as other vitamins, minerals and herbs designed for use by women. SoySentials provides a woman with key nutrients targeted to promote women’s health and ease the symptoms of menopause and PMS. SoySentials is available in the United States and Mexico.

 

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CardioSentials is a berry-flavored nutritional supplement introduced in February 2005 that promotes heart health. The product contains 1,500 mg of phytosterols per serving, policosanol and several powerful antioxidants. In a clinical study of this product, participants experienced meaningful reductions in cholesterol as well as improvement in their high-density lipoprotein, or HDL, and low-density lipoprotein, or LDL, ratios. We have applied for a U.S. patent on CardioSentials. CardioSentials is available only in the United States.

       

Arthaffect is a patented nutritional supplement containing Arthred, a form of hydrolyzed collagen protein, which is clinically reported to support healthy joint function. The product is available in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei and Canada. The product is marketed as A-Affect in Australia, New Zealand and Canada due to local product regulations.

 

FibRestore is a patented nutritional supplement containing fiber, vitamins, minerals and herbs. A modified version of the FibRestore formula is marketed in Canada under the name Herbal Harmony to comply with Canada’s nutritional regulations. FibRestore is available in all of the countries in which we operate except Indonesia.

 

GlucAffect is a patented cinnamon cream flavored nutritional supplement launched in November 2008.  GlucAffect contains Pycnogenol® and other clinically supported active ingredients. GlucAffect has been clinically proven to assist in healthy blood sugar management and support weight loss.  We received a U.S. patent on GlucAffect in February 2012.  GlucAffect is available in the United States, Canada, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei.

 

24K was introduced in February 2011. 24K is our first ready-to-drink nutritional supplement available in a multi-serving 28-ounce bottle and in a two-ounce double serving bottle. 24K is formulated with a synergistic blend of 24 active ingredients designed to enhance the body’s natural vitality and provide energy, focus and stress relief. It contains no caffeine and only 5 calories per serving. We have applied for a patent on 24K, and it is available only in the United States.

 

LunaRich X, our newest product, was introduced in January 2013. LunaRich X is our only nutritional supplement available in capsule form and comes in a bottle of 30 capsules. LunaRich X is a pure, concentrated form of lunasin, a soy peptide shown to have heart health and wellness benefits. LunaRich X is currently available only in the United States.

 

 

Weight Management Supplements

               

Our three weight management supplements combine advanced weight loss promoting complexes with scientifically balanced nutrition and health enhancing soy protein. Our ingredients are designed to work together, along with proper diet and exercise, to turn unwanted fat into energy without sacrificing muscle mass.

 

Slimplicity is a meal replacement intended for use in an overall program that includes proper diet and exercise and is focused on facilitating weight loss and developing healthier lifestyle choices. Slimplicity is currently available in the United States, Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, Ireland, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei.  In Australia and New Zealand, the product is marketed as Slimsimply due to trademark availability.

 

Reliv Ultrim-Plus is designed as a meal replacement (for a maximum of two meals per day) for use in a weight loss program.  Reliv Ultrim-Plus is only sold in Canada and Mexico.  Reliv Ultrim-Plus is no longer available in our other markets due to the introduction of our Slimplicity meal replacement product.

 

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Cellebrate is a patented weight loss aid designed to suppress appetite, curb the storage of body fat, and facilitate the body’s fat burning process. Cellebrate is available in the United States and Canada.

                                 

Sports Nutrition Supplements

 

Our two sports nutrition supplements contain a balance of nutrients scientifically designed to improve athletic performance and endurance, as well as muscle recovery and repair.

 

Innergize! is a sports supplement, containing vitamins and minerals designed for performance enhancement. Innergize! is available in every country where we operate. In Canada, the product is marketed as Optain due to local product regulations.

 

ProVantage is a patented nutritional supplement containing soy designed to enhance athletic performance with a balance of nutrients needed to improve endurance, muscle recovery and repair. ProVantage is designed to increase muscle recovery, muscle mass and function, reduce fatigue and burn excess body fat for extra energy. The product also benefits dieters and others seeking to increase their soy intake. We received a U.S. patent on ProVantage in May 2012. ProVantage is available in the United States, Canada, and the Philippines.

 

Relivables

 

Our Relivables product line is comprised of nutritionally sound skin care and food products. The skin care products, marketed as the “r” skin care collection, are designed to create healthier, more youthful looking skin. Each product in our r collection contains the exclusive RA7 complex, an array of antioxidants, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging nutrients. These nutrients work together to slow the aging process and improve the skin’s appearance. The “r” collection includes a cleansing facial wash, eye cream, daytime facial moisturizer with SPF 15, a nighttime facial moisturizer, and a body lotion. The r products are available in the United States, Australia and New Zealand.

 

The food product includes Relivables All-Natural Sweetener, to be used in place of sugar or other artificial sweeteners. Its all-natural sweetener, derived from the stevia plant, has no sugar and contains one gram of fiber. Relivables Soy Nuts are currently available for purchase by our distributors and customers but will be discontinued in 2013 when our existing inventory is depleted. Relivables Healthy Snack Bars and Fortified Soy Milk were discontinued in 2011.

 

Research and Development

 

We maintain an ongoing research and development effort, led by Carl W. Hastings, Ph.D., and consult with other industry professionals with respect to developments in nutritional science, product enhancements and new products. Since 2005, we have introduced four nutritional supplement products, including CardioSentials, Slimplicity meal replacement, 24K, and LunaRich X. From time to time, we have also reformulated and enhanced our products, including the addition of LunaRich soy powder to Reliv NOW, Reliv NOW for Kids, ProVantage, SoySentials, GlucAffect and Slimplicity in 2012. Our research and development team consistently evaluates product advancements in the marketplace and advancements in raw materials and ingredients available for new product ideas and developments.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, our research and development expenses were $587,000 and $533,000, respectively.

 

Network Marketing Program

 

General Overview

 

We market and sell our products through a network marketing system of independent distributors, who purchase our products from us, or from other distributors, and who then sell our products directly to consumers. In addition to selling our products, our distributors also recruit others to distribute our products. Distributors receive compensation from both the sale of the products they have purchased at wholesale and, in the case of Master Affiliates and above, commissions on the volume of products sold by their downline organization. We believe network marketing is an effective way to distribute our products because it allows and relies on personal contact, education and endorsement of products which are not as readily available through other distribution channels.

 

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We recognize that our sales growth is based on the continued development and growth of our independent distributor force and we strive to maintain an active and motivated distributor network through a combination of quality products, and a business opportunity with distributor discounts, commissions and bonus payments, sales conventions, training, personal recognition and a variety of publications and promotional materials.

 

Program Structure

 

Individuals who desire to market and sell our products may become distributors by being sponsored into the program by an existing distributor, and becoming part of that distributor’s “downline.” We offer a tiered discount and commission, or royalty, format that consists of four principal levels and several sub-levels, which are designed to compensate and motivate distributors to increase their networks and sales volumes.

 

Our distributors consist principally of individuals, although we also permit entities such as corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies and trusts to become distributors. A new distributor is required to complete a distributor application and, in most areas, to purchase a package of distributor materials (for $25 plus shipping in the United States) consisting of a Distributor Guide and CD, business forms and promotional materials. The Distributor Agreement, when accepted by us, becomes the contract between us and the distributor and obligates the distributor to the terms of the agreement, which includes our Policies and Procedures for conduct of their business. All distributors are independent contractors and are not our employees.

 

In each country in which we conduct business, distributors operate under a uniform compensation system pursuant to which distributors generally are compensated based on their sales volumes. On the basis of sales volume or commission volume, distributors may achieve the following successive levels of achievement and compensation:

 

Designation  Discount
Retail Distributor   20%
Affiliate   25%
Key Affiliate   30%
Senior Affiliate   35%
Master Affiliate   40% (1)
Director   40% (1)
Key Director   40% (1)
Senior Director   40% (1)
Master Director/Ambassador   40% (1)
Presidential Director/Ambassador   40% (1)

 

______________________

 

(1) In addition to discounts, these levels also receive commissions based on sales in their downline organization.

 

Distributors purchase products from us at a discount from the suggested retail price for the products and then may sell the product at retail to customers, sell the product to other distributors at wholesale or consume the product. The amount of the discount varies depending on the distributor’s level of achievement, as indicated above.

 

Distributors generate income equal to the difference between the price at which they sell the product to customers and the discounted price they pay for the product. Distributors also earn wholesale commissions on products purchased by downline distributors in the distributor’s sponsored group equal to the difference between the price at which the distributor is entitled to purchase product and the price at which downline distributors purchase product. We calculate payments and issue a check directly to the qualified distributor once a month. For example, assume Distributor A is a 40% discount Master Affiliate who signs up Distributor B, a 30% discount Key Affiliate, who signs up Distributor C, a 20% discount Retail Distributor. If Distributor C purchases directly from us, a 10% wholesale profit check will be sent to Distributor A and B.

 

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Upon achieving the level of Master Affiliate, distributors begin to receive additional compensation — “generation royalty” — payments of 8%, 6%, 4%, 3% and 2% of the retail volume of product purchased from us by Master Affiliates and above (and their personal groups) whom they have sponsored, and for each of five downline levels of sponsorship. To qualify for these additional compensation payments, Master Affiliates and above are required to maintain certain monthly sales volumes.

 

Master Affiliates who sponsor other distributors that achieve the level of Master Affiliate are entitled to become part of the Director Program. Advancement at the Director level is based upon achieving increasing levels of royalties based on sales generated by other distributors in the Director’s downline organization. Distributors achieving each level receive recognition for their achievements at our company-sponsored events and in our publications. We also have a Star Director Program under which distributors achieving the level of Director and above receive additional compensation based on the number of Master Affiliates they have sponsored into the program. Directors receive an additional 1% to 3% royalty on the retail sales volume of Master Affiliates in their downline organization for an unlimited number of levels of sponsorship, until reaching a level that includes a Master Affiliate who also has achieved Star Director status.

 

Master Directors and Presidential Directors may also be invited to participate in the Ambassador Program. As of December 31, 2012, we had approximately 390 Ambassadors. Qualifications to be invited by us to participate in the Ambassador Program include demonstrated competence and leadership qualities. Ambassadors receive recognition and awards for achieving Ambassador status and can then achieve additional levels of accomplishment. We utilize our Ambassadors to lead meetings and conferences, and to provide training and education to our distributors. Ambassadors achieving the level of Silver and higher also participate in the “Reliv Inner Circle,” which may entitle them to receive additional compensation, paid participation in our sponsored events, health insurance and car allowances.

 

In addition to the levels of compensation described, we also provide a variety of incentives, bonuses, awards and trips to distributors who achieve high sales volumes and who advance in the distributor ranks.

 

Distributor Training, Motivation and Management

 

Our marketing efforts are focused on the development, training, motivation and support of our independent distributors. We support an active training program for our distributors in which our representatives and experienced distributors, usually Ambassadors, lead group training sessions. We provide distributors with manuals, brochures and other promotional, training and informational publications. We encourage distributors to hold regular weekly recruiting meetings and training sessions. We sponsor weekly training conference calls in which a significant number of distributors participate.

 

Our sponsorship generally includes the following:

 

During 2012, we sponsored numerous special events in cities across all of our markets led by corporate executives and/or experienced Ambassadors;

 

For each market in which we operate, we sponsor an annual conference for distributors; and

 

In the United States, we sponsor an annual International Conference in summer for all worldwide distributors and a winter conference for U.S. distributors.

 

During 2012, we invested approximately $2.59 million in training, conferences and promotional events for our distributors worldwide compared with $3.02 million in 2011.

 

Distributor Compliance

 

Our distributor organization and business model are designed and intended to promote the sale of our products to consumers by distributors. Sales training and promotional efforts emphasize that intention. To that end, we monitor purchases by distributors to identify potentially excessive individual purchases and keep detailed information regarding customer purchases through our corporate shopping cart and as part of our autoship program. Distributors are not required at any time to purchase product, although Master Affiliates and above are required to maintain certain minimum sales levels in their personal groups to continue receiving generation royalty compensation payments.

 

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Distributors may create their own advertising provided that it is within our advertising rules. Unless a distributor is using our designed and approved advertisements, the distributor must submit for approval in writing all advertising (e.g. brochures, flyers, audio tapes, classified or display ads, radio scripts) to our Compliance Department before placing it or arranging for placement.

 

Pursuant to our Policies and Procedures, which are incorporated by reference into our Distributor Agreement, distributors are permitted to make only those claims about our products that have been approved by us and/or provided in sales and training materials. Distributors acknowledge that our products are not represented as drugs and they are not authorized to make any diagnosis of any medical condition, make drug-type claims for, or prescribe our products to treat or cure, any disease or condition. We do not authorize or permit our distributors to make any express or implied references with regard to our products that they cure, prevent or relieve disease, replace or augment medication, provide therapy, promote healing, alleviate illnesses or symptoms of illnesses, or make any other medical claims for specific ailments.

 

In order to comply with regulations that apply to both us and our distributors, we conduct considerable research into the applicable regulatory framework prior to entering any new market to identify all necessary licenses and approvals and applicable limitations on operations in that market. We devote substantial resources to obtaining the necessary licenses and approvals and maintaining operations that are in compliance with the applicable limitations. We also research laws applicable to distributor operations and revise or alter distributor materials and products, as required by applicable regulations in each market.

 

Regulations in existing and new markets often are ambiguous and subject to considerable interpretive and enforcement discretion by the responsible regulators. In addition, regulations affecting our business often change and are subject to varying interpretation and application. We make every effort to monitor and comply with changes in laws and regulations as they occur.

 

We have a Compliance Department that receives and reviews allegations of distributor misconduct. If we determine that a distributor has violated our Policies and Procedures, we may take a number of disciplinary actions. For example, we may impose sanctions such as warnings or suspensions until specific conditions are satisfied, or take other appropriate actions at our discretion, including termination of the distributor’s agreement.

 

Geographic Presence

 

Markets

 

We currently sell our products throughout the United States and in 14 other countries around the world. We have sold products in the United States since 1988 and sold our first product outside of the United States in 1991 when we entered Australia. In 2012, approximately 21.7% of our net sales were generated outside of the United States.

 

The table below shows the countries in which we operate and the year we commenced selling products:

 

Country Year Entered Country Year Entered
United States 1988 Ireland 2003
Australia 1991 Singapore 2004
New Zealand 1992 Germany 2005
Canada 1992 Austria 2006
Mexico 1993 Netherlands 2006
United Kingdom(1) 1995 Brunei 2009
Philippines 2000 Indonesia 2009
Malaysia 2003    

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(1) Includes Great Britain, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

 

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Within the United States, we sell our products to distributors in all 50 states. We derived 38.0% of our domestic net sales in 2012 in California, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Michigan, Texas, Ohio, and Florida, with each state contributing at least 4% of net sales. We believe that there is the opportunity to increase the number of our distributors in all markets where we sell our products.

 

We organize all of our international operations under our wholly owned subsidiary, Reliv’ World. As of December 31, 2012, Reliv’ World consisted of the following market-specific entities: Reliv’ Australia, Reliv’ New Zealand, Reliv’ Canada, Reliv’ Mexico, Reliv’ Europe, Reliv’ Philippines, Reliv’ Malaysia, Reliv’ Singapore, Reliv’ Brunei, and PT Reliv’ Indonesia. We have utilized this method of separate corporations in most of our markets, as local business licensing and product approvals require a local legal entity.

 

We believe that there is a significant opportunity to increase sales in our current international markets, as a whole. We have established a uniform business model and compensation plan across all of our markets, and we continue to support our international markets with additional marketing programs and materials.

 

In addition to increasing sales in current international markets, our expansion strategy targets selected new foreign markets. Our presence in the UK, Germany, Austria and the Netherlands, as well as market performance, regional interest and distributor activity, have led to an increased focus on expansion in the European Union. We tentatively plan to open for business in France in 2013, subject to our receipt of any and all required product approvals and completion of registration with French regulatory agencies.

 

New Market Entry Process

 

We constantly evaluate new markets for our products. In order to do so, we perform an analysis of synergies between new and existing countries and distributor presence or interest in new markets, market conditions, regulatory conditions, product approval procedures and competition before selecting markets to enter. Once we decide to enter a new market, we first hire local legal counsel and/or a consultant with appropriate expertise to:

 

help ensure that our network marketing system and products comply with all applicable regulations;

 

help establish favorable public relations in the new market by acting as an intermediary between us and local regulatory authorities, public officials and business people; and

 

explain our products and product ingredients to appropriate regulators and, when necessary, to arrange for local technicians to conduct required ingredient analysis tests of the products.

 

Where regulatory approval in a foreign market is required, local counsel and/or consultants work with regulatory agencies to confirm that all of the ingredients in our products are permissible within the new market. Where reformulation of one or more of our products is required, we attempt to obtain substitute or replacement ingredients. During the regulatory compliance process, we may alter the formulation, packaging, branding or labeling of our products to conform to applicable regulations as well as local variations in customs and consumer habits, and we may modify some aspects of our network marketing system as necessary to comply with applicable regulations.

 

Following completion of the regulatory compliance phase, we undertake the steps necessary to meet the operations requirements of the new market. In the majority of our new markets, we establish a sales center in a major city and provide for product purchases by telephone and/or pick up. Product is shipped to the purchaser from a warehouse located in the general geographic market or the distributor may walk in to the local office and purchase products, if a pick up center is available. In addition, we initiate plans to satisfy inventory, personnel and transportation requirements of the new market, and we modify our distributor materials, recordings, videos and other training materials as necessary to be suitable for the new market.

 

In some countries, regulations applicable to the activities of our distributors also may affect our business because in some countries we are, or regulators may assert that we are, responsible for our distributors’ conduct. In these countries, regulators may request or require that we take steps to ensure that our distributors comply with local regulations.

 

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Manufacturing

 

We established a manufacturing line at our headquarters facility in Chesterfield, Missouri and began to manufacture all of our nutritional supplements in early 1993. We expanded our Chesterfield facility in 1997 to now include 126,000 square feet of total space. At this facility, we manufacture all of our powdered nutritional supplements for distribution both domestically and internationally. Our 24K and LunaRich X capsules are manufactured by a third party, as well as our Relivables skin care line.

 

Our ability to manufacture our powdered nutritional supplements is a competitive advantage over competitors not engaged in manufacturing and contributes to our ability to provide high-quality products. Our product manufacturing includes identifying suppliers of raw materials, acquiring the finest quality raw materials, blending exact amounts of raw materials into batches, and canning and labeling the finished products. Since we carefully select our ingredient suppliers, we are able to control the quality of raw materials and our finished products. We have not experienced any significant difficulty in obtaining supplies of raw materials for our nutritional supplements or finished product of our 24K or LunaRich X. By monitoring and testing products at all stages of the manufacturing process, we precisely control product composition. In addition, we can control costs by manufacturing our own powdered nutritional supplements.

 

In 1996, we received approval from the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration, or TGA, to manufacture products sold in Australia at our Chesterfield plant. The certification of our Chesterfield site by the Australian TGA also satisfied Canadian requirements. In 2011, our Chesterfield plant was audited and re-certified by the Australian TGA. Our current certification is valid until May 2014.

 

Fulfillment

 

Distributors order product in case lots of individual quantities and pay for the goods prior to shipment. We offer our Direct Advantage for distributors and their retail customers to order product in less than case lots directly from us by phone. Direct Advantage, an automatic monthly reorder program available for distributors and customers, provides a simple and convenient ordering process for consumers as well as distributors wanting to satisfy maintenance requirements. Product is shipped directly to the distributor or customer and upline distributors earn wholesale profits or, if applicable, a commission on all Direct Advantage sales.

 

In the United States, our products are warehoused at our Chesterfield facility and shipped by common carrier to distributors upon order. Our facility in Chesterfield, Missouri serves all parts of the country. Our products are also warehoused in, and shipped to local distributors from: Sydney, Australia; Auckland, New Zealand; Oakville, Canada; Birmingham, England; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Singapore; Brunei; and Jakarta, Indonesia. Our Philippines subsidiary currently has two product pick-up centers located throughout the country which are operated by local business contractors and a company-owned and operated business center located in Makati. In Mexico, product is warehoused in and shipped from three distribution centers located throughout the country. With the exception of our Canada, New Zealand, Singapore, and Brunei subsidiaries, each of our subsidiaries maintains an office and personnel to receive, record, and fill orders from distributors. Distributors in Ireland, Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands order and receive product from our UK-based subsidiary.

 

We maintain a policy that unused product may be returned by a customer to the selling distributor for a full refund or exchange within 30 days after purchase. We also maintain a policy that any distributor who terminates his or her distributorship may return saleable product which was purchased from us within twelve months of the termination for a refund of 90% of the purchase price less any compensation received relating to the purchase of the products. We believe this buyback policy addresses and satisfies a number of regulatory compliance issues pertaining to network marketing systems.

 

Historically, product returns and buy backs have not been significant. Product returns and buy backs have been approximately 0.48% and 0.38% of net sales in 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

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Information Technology Systems

 

In order to facilitate growth in the future and support our distributor activities, we continually upgrade our management information and telecommunication systems, along with increasing our internet-based capabilities. These systems include: (1) a centralized host computer in our Chesterfield headquarters, which is linked to our international offices via secure data connections that provide real-time order entry and information to respond to distributor inquiries, as well as financial and inventory management systems; (2) local area networks of personal computers within our markets, serving our local administrative staffs; (3) an international e-mail system through which our employees communicate; and (4) internet capabilities that provide a variety of online services to distributors, including product ordering, product information, event information and other related announcements, and tools to assist distributor leaders in managing their downline distributor group. We continue to pursue initiatives to increase the percentage of distributor orders placed via the internet. To accomplish this goal, we continue to make improvements to our shopping cart platform, and we have run periodic incentives to encourage distributors to place their orders via the internet. As a result of these initiatives, approximately 40% of our order volume in the U.S. is placed via internet.

 

These systems are designed to provide financial and operating data for management, timely and accurate product ordering, generation royalty payment calculation and processing, inventory management, and detailed distributor records. We intend to continue to invest in our systems in order to help meet our business strategies.

 

Intellectual Property

 

Our formulas are protected as trade secrets and, to the extent necessary, by confidentiality agreements. In addition, we have obtained U.S. patents on six products as set forth below:

 

Product Patent Expiration Date
   
FibRestore June 2014
Cellebrate June 2015
Arthaffect March 2018
ReversAge May 2021
ProVantage
GlucAffect

April 2025

November 2029

 

Currently, we have 22 trademarks registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, including Reliv and the names of 14 of our 17 nutritional products. Reliv NOW for Kids, 24K and LunaRich X are not registered with the USPTO. Trademark registrations for selected marks have been issued or applied for in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Mexico, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Germany and several other foreign countries that offer network marketing opportunities. We consider our trademarks to be an important asset of our business.

 

Regulation

 

Product Regulation

 

The formulation, manufacturing, labeling and advertising or promotion of our products are subject to regulation by the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, which regulates our products under the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, or FDCA, the Federal Trade Commission, or FTC, and various agencies of the states or countries into which our products are shipped or sold. FDA regulations include requirements and limitations with respect to the labeling of our food and cosmetic products and also with respect to the formulation of those products. FDA regulations also limit and control the extent to which health or other claims can be made with respect to the efficacy of any food or cosmetic. The FDCA has been amended several times with respect to dietary supplements, most recently by the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990, or NLEA, and the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, or DSHEA, and related regulations. Such legislation governs the formulation, manufacturing, marketing and sale of nutritional supplements, including the content and presentation of health-related information included on the labels or labeling of nutritional supplements.

 

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The majority of the products we market are classified as dietary supplements under the FDCA. Dietary supplements such as those we manufacture and sell, for which no “drug” claim is made, are not subject to FDA approval prior to their sale. However, DSHEA established a pre-market notification process for dietary supplements that contain a “new dietary ingredient,” or NDI, a term that is defined as “a dietary ingredient that was not marketed in the United States before October 15, 1994,” the date on which DSHEA was signed into law. Certain NDIs that have been “present in the food supply” are exempt from the notification requirement. For those NDIs that are not exempt, DSHEA requires the manufacturer or distributor of a dietary supplement containing an NDI to submit to the FDA, at least 75 days prior to marketing, a notification containing the basis for concluding that the dietary supplement containing the NDI will “reasonably be expected to be safe.” Dietary supplement products can be removed from the market if shown to be unsafe, or if the FDA determines, based on the labeling of products, that the intended use of the product is for the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease. The FDA can regulate those products as “drugs” and require premarket approval of a “new drug application.” Manufacturers of dietary supplements that make any claims for dietary supplements, including product performance and health benefit claims, must have substantiation that the statements are truthful and not misleading.

 

In January 2000, the FDA published a final rule that defines the types of statements that can be made concerning the effect of a dietary supplement on the structure or function of the body pursuant to the DSHEA. Under the DSHEA, dietary supplement labeling may bear “structure/function” claims, which are claims that the products affect the structure or function of the body, without prior FDA approval. They may not, without prior FDA approval, bear a claim that they can prevent, treat, cure, mitigate or diagnose disease, otherwise known as a “drug claim.” The final rule describes how the FDA will distinguish drug claims from structure/function claims. Dietary supplements, like conventional foods, are also permitted to make “health claims,” which are claims that are exempt from regulation as “drug” claims pursuant to the amendments to the FDCA established by the NLEA in 1990. A “health claim” is a claim, ordinarily approved by FDA regulation, on a food or dietary supplement product’s labeling that “characterizes the relationship of any substance to a disease or health-related condition.” To help assure that foods, dietary supplements and cosmetics comply with the provisions of the FDCA and FDA’s regulations, the FDA has numerous enforcement tools, including the ability to issue warning letters, initiate product seizures and injunctions and pursue criminal penalties.

 

The manufacture of dietary supplements is subject to existing FDA current good manufacturing practice, or cGMP, regulations for food. In June 2007, the FDA issued regulations relating to more detailed cGMP specifically for dietary supplements. Under these regulations, we qualify as a small business and became subject to the regulations in June 2009. In September 2009 and in February 2011 our Chesterfield plant was audited by the FDA. We received no notice of deviations from cGMP on Form 483 as a result of those audits. We believe our systems and facilities in Chesterfield are in full compliance with cGMP.

 

Advertisements for our products are subject to regulation by the FTC. The FTC prohibits unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce and provides that the dissemination of any false advertisement pertaining to drugs, cosmetics or foods, including dietary supplements, is an unfair or deceptive practice. Under the FTC’s substantiation doctrine, an advertiser must have a “reasonable basis” for all claims made about a product. The failure to be able to adequately substantiate claims may be considered either deceptive or unfair practices. In order to avoid a violation of the FTC standards, we endeavor to assure that we have adequate substantiation for all advertising claims made for our products. In addition, the FTC has increased its scrutiny of the use of distributor testimonials. Although it is impossible for us to monitor all the product claims made by our independent distributors, we make efforts to monitor distributor testimonials and restrict inappropriate distributor claims. The FTC has been more aggressive in pursuing enforcement against dietary supplement products since the passage of DSHEA in 1994, and has brought numerous actions against dietary supplement companies, some resulting in several million dollar civil penalties and/or restitution as well as court-ordered injunctions.

 

We are aware that, in some of our international markets, there has been recent adverse publicity concerning products that contain substances generally referred to as “genetically modified organisms,” or GMOs. In some markets, the possibility of health risks thought to be associated with GMOs has prompted proposed or actual governmental regulation. When necessary, we have responded to government regulations that forbid products containing GMOs by changing certain unacceptable ingredients to non-GMO substitutes. Some of our products in certain markets still contain substances that would be or might be classified as GMOs. We cannot anticipate the extent to which future regulations in these markets will restrict the use of GMOs in our products or the impact of any regulations on our business in those markets. In response to any applicable future regulations, we intend to reformulate our products to satisfy the regulations. Compliance with regulatory requirements in this area should not have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

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Sales Program Regulation

 

Our distribution and sales program is subject to regulation by the FTC and other federal and state regulation as well as regulations in several countries in which we conduct business. Various state agencies regulate multi-level distribution services. We are required to register with, and submit information to, certain of such agencies and we believe we have complied fully with such requirements. We actively strive to comply with all applicable state and federal laws and regulations affecting our products and our sales and distribution programs. The Attorneys General of several states have taken an active role in investigating and prosecuting companies whose compensation plans they claim violate local anti-pyramid and/or consumer protection statutes. We are unable to predict the effect such increased activity will have on our business in the future nor are we able to predict the probability of future laws, regulations or interpretations which may be passed by state or federal regulatory authorities.

 

Federal and state laws directed at network marketing programs have been adopted throughout the years to prevent the use of fraudulent practices often characterized as “pyramid schemes.” Illegal pyramid schemes compensate participants primarily for the introduction or enrollment of additional participants into the program. Often these schemes are characterized by large up-front entry or sign-up fees, over-priced products of low value, little or no emphasis on the sale or use of products, high-pressure recruiting tactics and claims of huge and quick financial rewards with little or no effort. Generally, these laws are directed at ensuring that product sales ultimately are made to consumers and that advancement within such sales organizations is based on sales of products.

 

We believe that our network marketing system satisfies the standards and case law defining a legal marketing system. It is an ongoing part of our business to monitor and respond to regulatory and legal developments, including those that may affect our network marketing system. However, the regulatory and legal requirements concerning network marketing systems do not include “bright line” rules and are inherently fact-based.

 

Competition

 

The business of developing and distributing nutritional and skin care products such as those we offer is highly competitive. Numerous manufacturers, distributors and retailers compete for consumers and, in the case of other network marketing companies, for distributors. Our competitors include both network marketing companies such as Alticor Inc. (Amway Corp.), Avon Products Inc., Herbalife Ltd., Mary Kay Inc., Melaleuca, Inc., Mannatech, Inc., Nature’s Sunshine Products Inc., NuSkin Enterprises Inc. and USANA Health Sciences Inc., as well as specialty and mass retail establishments. Our ability to remain competitive depends on the underlying science and high quality of our products and our success in recruiting and retaining distributors. The pool of individuals interested in network marketing tends to be limited in each market and may be reduced to the extent other network marketing companies successfully recruit these individuals into their businesses. We believe that we offer a rewarding compensation plan with attractive financial benefits to compete for the time, attention and commitment of distributors. Our compensation plan is seamless, permitting international expansion.

 

Reliv NOW and Reliv Classic compete with numerous supplements that offer multi-vitamin benefits. The Reliv Ultrim-Plus, Slimplicity and Cellebrate products compete with other products in the weight loss market, including nationally advertised products such as SlimFast. Many companies have entered, or have plans to enter, the sports drink market in which Innergize! and ProVantage compete, a market led by Gatorade. 24K competes with 5-Hour Energy and numerous other liquid energy shots and drinks. With Arthaffect, FibRestore, ReversAge, GlucAffect, CardioSentials, SoySentials, LunaRich X and the Relivables skin care and food products, we are in the specific wellness needs, food and anti-aging markets, which are extremely competitive and led by the major food and skin care companies.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2012, we and all of our subsidiaries had approximately 214 full-time employees compared with 205 such employees at the end of 2011.

 

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Additional Available Information

 

We make available, free of charge, copies of our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to these reports as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. This information is available on our corporate web site at www.reliv.com under the “Investor Relations” section. This information may also be obtained from the SEC’s on-line database located at www.sec.gov.

 

Item No. 2 – Properties

 

We own approximately six acres of land and a building containing approximately 126,000 square feet of office, manufacturing and warehouse space located in Chesterfield, Missouri, where we maintain our corporate headquarters and sole manufacturing facility. We believe that our worldwide facilities are suitable and adequate in relation to our present and immediate future needs.

 

The following table summarizes information related to our worldwide facilities as of March 1, 2013:

 

Location  Nature of Use  Square Feet   Owned/Leased
           
Chesterfield, MO, USA  corporate headquarters/call center/manufacturing/warehouse   126,000   Owned
Seven Hills (Sydney), Australia  central office/ warehouse/distribution   5,740   Leased
Oakville, Ontario, Canada  warehouse/distribution   2,100   Leased
Mexico City, Mexico  central office/call center   2,150   Leased
Makati City (Manila), Philippines  central office/ warehouse/distribution   2,700   Leased
Birmingham, England, UK  central office/ warehouse/distribution   11,500   Leased
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia  central office/call center   250   Leased
Jakarta, Indonesia  central office/ warehouse/distribution   1,600   Leased

 

Item No. 3 - Legal Proceedings

 

From time to time, we are involved in litigation incidental to the conduct of our business. We do not believe that any current proceedings will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 

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PART II

 

Item No. 5 - Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol: RELV. The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices of our common stock and the quarterly dividends per share paid on our common stock during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

   High   Low   Dividend 
             
             
Year Ending December 31, 2012               
Fourth Quarter   $1.49   $1.20   $0.01 
Third Quarter    1.75    1.20    - 
Second Quarter    1.88    1.16    0.02 
First Quarter    1.70    1.14    - 
                
Year Ending December 31, 2011               
Fourth Quarter   $1.62   $1.16   $0.01 
Third Quarter    1.88    1.43    - 
Second Quarter    2.08    1.71    0.03 
First Quarter    2.50    1.85    - 
                

 

As of March 1, 2013, there were approximately 1,717 holders of record of our common stock and an additional 3,191 beneficial owners, including shares of common stock held in street name.

 

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SHARES

 

 

 

 

 

Period

 

 

 

Total Number
of Shares
Purchased

  

 

 

 

Average Price
Paid per Share

  

 

Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Programs

   Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs(1)
 
                 
October 1-31, 2012   1,300   $1.31    1,300   $809,000 
                     
November 1-30, 2012   -    -    -   $809,000 
                     
December 1-31, 2012   -    -    -   $809,000 
                     
Total   1,300         1,300      
                     
(1)     In April 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a share repurchase plan of up to $1 million through April 2013.

 

 

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Item No. 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following discussion and analysis discusses the financial condition and results of our operations on a consolidated basis, unless otherwise indicated.

 

Overview

 

We are a developer, manufacturer and marketer of a proprietary line of nutritional supplements addressing basic nutrition, specific wellness needs, weight management and sports nutrition. We also offer a line of skin care and food products under our Relivables brand. We sell our products through an international network marketing system utilizing independent distributors. Sales in the United States represented approximately 78.3% of worldwide net sales for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to approximately 82.4% for the year ended December 31, 2011. Our international operations currently generate sales through distributor networks with facilities in Australia, Canada, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, the Philippines, and the United Kingdom. We also operate on a limited basis in Ireland, Germany, Austria and the Netherlands from our United Kingdom distribution center, in New Zealand from our Australia office, and in Singapore and Brunei from our Malaysia office.

 

We derive our revenues principally through product sales made by our global independent distributor base, which, as of December 31, 2012, consisted of approximately 57,430 distributors. Our sales can be affected by several factors, including our ability to attract new distributors and retain our existing distributor base, our ability to properly train and motivate our distributor base and our ability to develop new products and successfully maintain our current product line.

 

All of our sales to distributors outside the United States are made in the respective local currency; therefore, our earnings and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency rates as compared to the U.S. dollar. As a result, exchange rate fluctuations may have an effect on sales and gross margins. Accounting practices require that our results from operations be converted to U.S. dollars for reporting purposes. Consequently, our reported earnings may be significantly affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates, generally increasing with a weaker U.S. dollar and decreasing with a strengthening U.S. dollar. Products manufactured by us for sale to our foreign subsidiaries are transacted in U.S. dollars. From time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to mitigate our foreign currency exchange risk.

 

Components of Net Sales and Expense

 

Product sales represent the actual product purchase price typically paid by our distributors, after giving effect to distributor allowances, which can range from 20% to 40% of suggested retail price, depending on the rank of a particular distributor. Handling and freight income represents the amounts billed to distributors for shipping costs. We record net sales and the related commission expense when the merchandise is shipped.

 

Our primary expenses include cost of products sold, distributor royalties and commissions and selling, general and administrative expenses.

 

Cost of products sold primarily consists of expenses related to raw materials, labor, quality control and overhead directly associated with production of our products and sales materials, as well as shipping costs relating to the shipment of products to distributors, and duties and taxes associated with product exports. Cost of products sold is impacted by the cost of the ingredients used in our products, the cost of shipping distributors’ orders, along with our efficiency in managing the production of our products.

 

Distributor royalties and commissions are monthly payments made to distributors, based on products sold in their downline organization. Based on our distributor agreements, these expenses typically approximate 23% of sales at suggested retail. Also, we include other sales leadership bonuses, such as Ambassador bonuses, in this line item. Distributor royalties and commissions are directly related to the level of our sales and, absent any changes in our distributor compensation plan, should continue at comparable levels as a percentage of net sales as in recent periods.

 

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Selling, general and administrative expenses include the compensation and benefits paid to our employees except for those in manufacturing, all other selling expenses, marketing, promotional expenses, travel and other corporate administrative expenses. These other corporate administrative expenses include professional fees, non-manufacturing depreciation and amortization, occupancy costs, communication costs and other similar operating expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses can be affected by a number of factors, including staffing levels and the cost of providing competitive salaries and benefits; the amount we decide to invest in distributor training and motivational initiatives; and the cost of regulatory compliance.

 

Results of Operations

 

     The following table sets forth selected results of our operations expressed as a percentage of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. Our results of operations for the periods described below are not necessarily indicative of results of operations for future periods.

 

 

   2012   2011 
           
Net sales    100.0%   100.0%
Costs and expenses:          
Cost of products sold    19.9    20.4 
Distributor royalties and commissions    37.6    37.4 
Selling, general and administrative    40.0    39.8 
           
Income from operations    2.5    2.4 
Interest income    0.2    0.1 
Interest expense    (0.1)   (0.2)
Other income    0.6    0.0 
           
Income before income taxes    3.2    2.3 
Provision for income taxes    1.2    0.9 
           
Net income    2.0%   1.4%

 

Year Ended December 31, 2012 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2011

 

Net Sales. Overall, sales decreased by 7.0% worldwide, as sales in the United States decreased by 11.6% in the year ended December 31, 2012 compared with 2011. During 2012, our international sales increased by 14.7% over the prior year. A strong increase in net sales in Europe was offset in declines in all other international markets in comparing 2012 with 2011.

 

     The following table summarizes net sales by geographic market for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

   Year Ended December 31,         
   2012   2011   Change from prior year 
   Amount   % of Net Sales   Amount   % of Net
Sales
   Amount   % 
   (dollars in thousands) 
United States   $53,801    78.3%  $60,884    82.4%  $(7,083)   (11.6)%
Australia/New Zealand    2,111    3.1    2,374    3.2    (263)   (11.1)
Canada    1,861    2.7    2,139    2.9    (278)   (13.0)
Mexico    1,056    1.5    1,201    1.6    (145)   (12.1)
Europe    6,481    9.4    3,753    5.1    2,728    72.7 
Asia    3,400    5.0    3,529    4.8    (129)   (3.7)
                               
Consolidated total   $68,710    100.0%  $73,880    100.0%  $(5,170)   (7.0)%

 

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The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the number of our active distributors and Master Affiliates and above. The total number of active distributors includes Master Affiliates and above. We define an active distributor as one that enrolls as a distributor or renews its distributorship during the prior twelve months. Master Affiliates and above are distributors that have attained the highest level of discount and are eligible for royalties generated by Master Affiliates and above in their downline organization. Growth in the number of active distributors and Master Affiliates and above is a key factor in achieving growth in our business.

 

  December 31, 2012  December 31, 2011   % Change 
  Active Distributors   Master Affiliates and Above   Active Distributors   Master Affiliates and Above   Active Distributors   Master Affiliates and Above 
                              
United States    40,470    5,150    43,280    6,080    (6.5)%   (15.3)%
Australia/New Zealand    1,790    190    1,950    170    (8.2)   11.8 
Canada    1,280    230    1,300    220    (1.5)   4.5 
Mexico    1,680    150    1,260    220    33.3    (31.8)
Europe    6,920    740    3,850    430    79.7    72.1 
 Asia    5,290    600    5,370    550    (1.5)   9.1 
                              
Consolidated total    57,430    7,060    57,010    7,670    0.7%   (8.0)%

 

Sales in the United States continue to be adversely impacted by a decline in distributor activity. This decline is reflected in a decrease in the number of active Distributors, fewer orders being placed, and fewer distributors qualifying for the level of Master Affiliate.

 

The net number of active Distributors in the United States as of December 31, 2012 decreased by 6.5% to 40,470, compared with the number of active Distributors as of December 31, 2011. In 2012, new distributor enrollments increased slightly, offset by a decline in the distributor retention rate. During 2012, approximately 11,748 new distributors were enrolled, compared to 11,660 new distributor enrollments in 2011, an increase of 0.8%; however, our distributor retention rate declined to offset the increase in enrollments. Distributor retention in the United States declined to approximately 66.5% for 2012 compared with a rate of 67.4% for 2011.

 

In 2012, approximately 1,331 distributors in the United States qualified as new Master Affiliates and 62.8% of the Master Affiliates and above as of December 31, 2011 re-qualified as Master Affiliates and above during 2012. This compares with approximately 1,634 new Master Affiliates and a requalification rate of 63.6% in 2011. The number of Master Affiliates and above as of December 31, 2012 decreased by 15.3%, compared with the number as of December 31, 2011.

 

In the United States during 2012, we processed approximately 217,000 orders for products at an average order of $327 at suggested retail. In 2011, we processed approximately 241,000 product orders at an average order of $329 at suggested retail. This slight decline in the average order size is another indicator of the impact of the lower numbers of distributors reaching the Master Affiliate level.

 

Our efforts to increase distributor activity and ordering in the United States focus on product innovation. Using LunaRich®, an enhanced soy powder, we have introduced reformulations of five of our products, Reliv NOW, SoySentials, Reliv NOW for Kids, Provantage, and GlucAffect. LunaRich was created through our research and development relationship with the Missouri Plant Science Center and it delivers five to ten times more lunasin than standard soy powders. Lunasin is the peptide scientists have identified as the key to many of soy’s documented health benefits. As a result of these reformulations, Reliv NOW became our best-selling product in the United States during 2012, exceeding the sales of Reliv Classic. In January 2013, we introduced LunaRich X, a capsule containing a concentrated form of lunasin. We intend to introduce additional LunaRich-based reformulations in the United States and elsewhere in our existing markets in the coming months.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2012, net sales in our international operations increased in aggregate by 14.7% to $14.91 million compared to $13.00 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. Net sales in Europe were up significantly in 2012 but were partially offset by varying levels of decline in all other international markets. Currency exchange rates in our foreign markets weakened slightly in the aggregate in 2012. When net sales for the full year of 2012 are converted using the 2011 exchange rate for both 2012 and 2011, international net sales increased by 15.4% for 2012 compared to the prior year. In the currencies in which we conduct business, the average exchange rate for the U.S. dollar for all of 2012 was stronger versus the British pound sterling, Euro, Canadian dollar, Mexican peso, Malaysian ringgit, and Indonesian rupiah compared with the average exchange rates for all of 2011.

 

 

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Net sales in the Australia/New Zealand market decreased by 11.1% in 2012 compared with 2011. When net sales are converted using the 2011 exchange rate for both 2012 and 2011, net sales in this market decreased by 11.6%. Sales results in this market are negatively impacted by a decline in distributor activity, as shown by a decline in new distributor enrollments and order count. New distributor enrollments were 476 in 2012 compared to 616 in 2011. In 2012, approximately 7,500 orders were placed compared to 8,100 in 2011. New Master Affiliate qualifications went up in 2012 as 103 distributors qualified as new Master Affiliates, compared with 44 in the prior year; however, this increase was the result of a Master Affiliate qualification promotion in October 2012. The net income for the Australia/New Zealand market was $19,000 in 2012, compared to a net loss of $82,000 in 2011, as we reduced selling, general and administrative expenses (“SGA”) by $169,000.

 

Net sales in Canada decreased by 13.0% in 2012 compared with 2011. When measured in local currency, Canadian net sales decreased by 12.0% in 2012 compared with 2011. In 2012, 67 distributors qualified as new Master Affiliates, compared with 70 in the prior year. New distributor enrollments were 412 in 2012 compared with 401 in 2011. The net loss in Canada was $61,000 for 2012, compared to a net loss of $75,000 in 2011. The impact of the reduction in sales was offset by a reduction in SGA expenses and foreign currency transaction gains. For 2012, we recorded gains of $19,000, compared with transaction losses of $41,000 for 2011.

 

Net sales in Mexico decreased 12.1% in 2012 compared with 2011. When measured in local currency, 2012 net sales decreased by 6.6%, as the Mexican peso weakened on average for 2012 when compared with the U.S. dollar. New distributor enrollments were 1,098 in 2012 compared to 698 in 2011, and 33 distributors qualified as new Master Affiliates in 2012, compared with 58 in the prior year. The increase in new distributor enrollments was the result of a new distributor signup promotion run during the first quarter of 2012; however, the promotion had nominal impact on sales. The net loss in Mexico for 2012 was $146,000, compared with a net loss of $177,000 in 2011, as further reductions in SGA expenses helped offset the impact of the sales decline.

 

Our European region includes sales from operations in United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Austria and the Netherlands. Net sales in Europe increased by 72.7% for 2012 compared with 2011. When measured in local currency, net sales in Europe increased by 74.8% in 2012 compared with the prior year. The growth in all of our key measurements continued to be very strong. New distributor enrollments were 5,236 in 2012 compared with 2,847 in 2011, and 467 distributors qualified as new Master Affiliates in 2012, compared with 271 in 2011. Our order count in the region increased to approximately 18,725 in 2012 compared with approximately 10,880 in 2011, an increase of 72.1%. Strong company sales leadership, coupled with improving local distributor leadership continues to lead the increase. A further indicator of the strengthening local distributor leadership is the upper-level distributor advancements to Ambassador and Presidential Director. During 2012, nine distributorships qualified as new Ambassadors and six qualified to higher Ambassador levels. Of that group, six reached the level of Presidential Director. A Presidential Director is a distributor that reaches approximately $8,000 in earnings in a calendar month. As a result, of the improved activity and net sales in 2012, Europe earned net income of $216,000 in 2012, compared with a net loss of $35,000 in 2011.

 

Our Asian region includes sales from operations in the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, and Indonesia. Net sales in Asia decreased by 3.7% in 2012 compared with the prior year. New distributor enrollments were 3,826 in 2012 compared with 3,540 in 2011, and 298 distributors qualified as new Master Affiliates in 2012, compared with 279 in 2011. When measured in local currency, 2012 net sales decreased by 5.7%. The net loss in Asia for 2012 was $410,000, compared with a net loss of $422,000 in 2011. Sales were mixed across the region, as sales in the Philippines increased by 25.1% in 2012 compared with 2011. Sales in the Malaysia/Singapore/Indonesia/Brunei markets combined decreased by 61.5% in 2012 compared with 2011. Growth in the Philippines in 2012 was driven primarily by the introduction of single serving packs of existing products, along with other sales incentive programs.

 

Cost of Products Sold. Cost of products sold as a percentage of net sales decreased to 19.9% for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared with 20.4% for the year ended December 31, 2011. Gross margins improved in 2012 compared with 2011 due to reductions in the cost of some key raw materials, efficiencies in production, and slight changes in the sales mix.

 

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Distributor Royalties and Commissions. Distributor royalties and commissions as a percentage of net sales was 37.6 % and 37.4% for each of the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Distributor royalties and commissions are directly related to the level of our sales and, absent any changes in our distributor compensation plan, should continue at comparable levels as a percentage of net sales as in recent periods. The slight increase in the percentage in 2012 is due to a higher average level of distributor discounts at the point of sale in 2012.

 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. For 2012, selling, general and administrative, or SGA, expenses decreased by $1.93 million compared with 2011. SGA expenses as a percentage of net sales increased to 40.0% in 2012 compared with 39.8% in 2011, as a function of the decline in consolidated net sales.

 

Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $871,000 in 2012. Of that amount, $268,000 represented the decrease in expenses directly related to sales volume, such as star director bonuses, other sales production bonuses, and credit card fees. Other changes included a decrease of $372,000 for our distributor conferences and other training events, a decrease of $89,000 in video production and webcast costs, and a decrease of $64,000 for promotions expense. The reduction in expense for distributor conferences and other training events was part of an effort to reduce these expenses relative to our current level of sales.

 

General and administrative expenses, excluding salaries and benefits, decreased by approximately $151,000 in 2012 compared with 2011. Significant decreases included a decrease in accounting fees of $98,000, a decrease in building rental expenses of $103,000 related to office moves in Australia, Malaysia, and Mexico, a decrease in stock option expense of $78,000, and a decrease of $50,000 in fees related to our medical advisory board that was disbanded in mid-2011. Increases included an increase in legal fees of $150,000, an increase in professional and consulting fees of $33,000, and $89,000 in compensation expense recognized as part of a long-term incentive agreement with our management team in our European subsidiary. This incentive agreement is further detailed in Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Salaries, incentive compensation expense, and benefits decreased by $731,000 in 2012 compared to 2011, as we realized the full-year benefit of our fourth quarter 2011 headcount reductions in the United States and other various headcount reductions worldwide.

 

Interest Income/Expense. Interest income increased to $129,000 for the year ended December 31, 2012, compared with $41,000 for the same period in 2011. The increase in interest income is the result of interest earned on the note receivable due from a distributor that was entered into in March 2012. Interest expense decreased to $100,000 for 2012 compared with $139,000 for 2011. The lower interest expense is the result of a decrease in the amount of debt compared to the prior year.

 

Other Income/Expense. Other income/expense in 2012 was a net amount of income of $406,000, compared to a net amount of income of $25,000 in 2011. The 2012 other income is primarily the result of the gain of $410,000 in July 2012 recognized as the result of the modification to an obligation relating to a prior year purchase of a distributorship. This transaction is described in greater detail in Note 6 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Income Taxes. We recorded income tax expense of $789,000 for 2012, representing an effective rate of 36.7%. In 2011, we recorded income tax expense of $623,000, representing an effective rate of 37.3%. The lower effective rate in 2012 is the result of a lower effective rate on state income taxes and other favorable discrete adjustments.

 

Net Income. Our net income increased to $1.36 million ($0.11 per share basic and diluted) for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared with $1.05 million ($0.08 per share basic and diluted) for 2011. Profitability improved as the result of the improvement in results from international operations, primarily in Europe and the gain recognized on the modification of the distributorship purchase obligation. Results in the United States, excluding the modification gain were commensurate with the decrease in net sales in the United States as discussed above; however, the decline in gross profit as the result of the net sales decline were offset by the reduction in SGA expenses. Net income in the United States was $1.74 million in 2012, compared with $1.84 million in 2011. The net loss from international operations improved to $382,000 in 2012, compared with a net loss of $791,000 in 2011.

 

 

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Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We generated $2.47 million of net cash during 2012 from operating activities, $2.79 million was used in investing activities, and we used $1.16 million in financing activities. This compares with $2.79 million of net cash provided by operating activities, $680,000 used in investing activities, and $1.18 million used in financing activities in 2011. Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $1.37 million to $5.80 million as of December 31, 2012 compared with December 31, 2011.

 

Significant changes in working capital items consisted of an increase in inventory of $468,000, and an increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other non-current liabilities of $627,000 in 2012. The increase in inventory in primarily to support the sales growth in Europe, and the increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other non-current liabilities is primarily related to increase in inventory and the introduction of the LunaRich X capsule in January 2013.

 

Our net investing activities included $485,000 and $400,000 in net capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Payments for key-man life insurance were $301,000 in 2012 and $279,000 in 2011. Investing activities in 2012 also included a purchase of a note and mortgage for $2 million as discussed in Note 10 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Financing activities in 2012 consisted of $710,000 in payments on long-term debt, $376,000 in common stock dividends paid, and $71,000 in payments for purchases of our common stock into treasury. Financing activities in 2011 consisted of $567,000 in payments on long-term debt, $498,000 in common stock dividends paid, and $120,000 in payments for purchases of our common stock into treasury.

 

Stockholders’ equity increased to $15.58 million at December 31, 2012 compared with $14.49 million at December 31, 2011. The increase represents our net income of $1.36 million for 2012, offset by our cash dividend of $376,000. Other changes to equity include the contribution of treasury shares to our ESOP of $125,000, a favorable adjustment in our cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment of $123,000, the purchase of treasury stock of $71,000, and other transactions related to equity-based compensation with a net decrease in equity of $64,000.

 

Our working capital balance was $5.88 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $7.30 million at December 31, 2011. The current ratio at December 31, 2012 was 1.89 compared with 2.19 at previous year-end.

 

On September 30, 2012, we entered into a term loan with our primary lender (“the Bank”) in the principal amount of $2.9 million. The loan was renegotiated from a loan that originated with the Bank on November 30, 2010. The term of the loan is for a period of three years and two months with interest accruing on the outstanding principal balance at a floating interest rate based on the 30-day LIBOR plus 2.0%. Monthly principal and interest payments are based on approximately a seven-year amortization. The aggregate outstanding balance of principal and interest is due and payable on November 30, 2015.

 

We also renewed a revolving credit facility for $5 million with the Bank in September 2012. The credit facility accrues interest on the outstanding principal balance at a floating interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 1.85% and has a maturity date of September 30, 2013. As of December 31, 2012, there were no outstanding borrowings on the revolving credit facility.

 

The amended terms of the term loan and revolving credit facility are reflected in separate promissory notes dated September 30, 2012 between us and the Bank. A separate letter agreement stating the financial covenants related to the term loan and revolving credit facility was updated and amended on April 4, 2012 and continues in effect.

 

Under the terms of the amended letter agreement, we have agreed to financial covenants under which we are required to (i) maintain at all times a tangible net worth of not less than $11 million and (ii) maintain at all times a ratio of Total Funded Debt to EBITDA of not greater than 2.5 to 1. The term loan and revolving credit facility are secured by all of our tangible and intangible assets and also by a mortgage on our building and real estate located in Chesterfield, Missouri. As of December 31, 2012, we were in compliance with all financial covenants.

 

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Management believes that our cash on hand, cash generated from operating activities and availability of credit under the bank loan facilities will be sufficient to meet working capital requirements for the remainder of 2013.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our financial statements are based on the selection and application of significant accounting policies, which require management to make significant estimates and assumptions. We believe that the following are some of the more critical judgment areas in the application of our accounting policies that currently affect our financial condition and results of operations.

 

Revenue

 

We receive payment by credit card, personal check, or guaranteed funds for orders from independent distributors and make related commission payments in the following month. Net sales reflect product sales at suggested retail price less the distributor discount of 20% to 40%. Sales revenue and commission expenses are recorded when the merchandise is shipped, as this is the point title and risk of loss pass. In accordance with FASB ASC, Topic 650-50, “Revenue Recognition-Customer Payments and Incentives,” we present distributor royalty and commission expense as an operating expense, rather than a reduction to net sales, as these payments are not made to the purchasing distributor.

 

Actual and estimated returns are classified as a reduction of net sales. We estimate and accrue a reserve for product returns based on our return policy and historical experience. Our return policy allows for a distributor to return product only upon termination of his or her distributorship. Allowable returns are limited to saleable product which was purchased within twelve months of the termination for a refund of 90% of the original purchase price less any distributor royalties and commission received relating to the original purchase of the returned products. Total returns have been approximately 0.48% and 0.38% of net sales in 2012 and 2011, respectively. We record handling and freight income as a component of net sales and record handling and freight costs as a component of cost of products sold. Total revenues do not include sales tax as we consider ourselves a pass-through conduit for collecting and remitting applicable sales taxes.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Product cost includes raw material, labor and overhead costs and is accounted for using the first-in, first-out basis. On a periodic basis, we review our inventory levels in each country for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable items, as compared to future demand requirements and the shelf life of the various products. Based on this review, we record inventory write-downs when costs exceed expected net realizable value. Historically, our estimates of obsolete or unmarketable items have been materially accurate.

 

Sales aids and promotional materials inventories represent distributor kits, product brochures, and other sales and business development materials which are held for sale to distributors. Costs of the sales aids and promotional materials held for sale are capitalized as inventories and subsequently recorded to cost of goods sold upon recognition of revenue when sold to distributors. All other advertising and promotional costs are expensed when incurred.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

All balance sheet accounts are translated using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Statements of operations amounts are translated using the average exchange rate for the year-to-date periods. The gains and losses resulting from the changes in exchange rates during the period have been reported in other comprehensive loss. Foreign currency translation adjustments exclude income tax expense (benefit) given that our investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries are deemed to be reinvested for an indefinite period of time.

 

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Legal Proceedings

 

In the ordinary course of business, we are subject to various legal proceedings, including lawsuits and other claims related to labor, product and other matters. We are required to assess the likelihood of adverse judgments and outcomes to these matters as well as the range of potential loss. Such assessments are required to determine whether a loss contingency reserve is required under the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 450, “Contingencies,” and to determine the amount of required reserves, if any. These assessments are subjective in nature. Management makes these assessments for each individual matter based on consultation with outside counsel and based on prior experience with similar claims. To the extent additional information becomes available or our strategies or assessments change, our estimates of potential liability for a given matter may change. Changes to estimates of liability would result in a corresponding additional charge or benefit recognized in the statement of operations in the period in which such changes become known. We recognize the costs associated with legal defense in the periods incurred. Accordingly, the future costs of defending claims are not included in our estimated liability.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

We have stock-based incentive plans under which we may grant stock option, restricted stock, and unrestricted stock awards. We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the grant date fair value of the award and the related vesting terms as proscribed in FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation.” We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options which requires us to estimate certain key assumptions. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, we incurred employee stock-based compensation cost of $96,800 ($74,000 net of tax), and $174,000 ($112,000 net of tax), respectively.

 

Income Tax Matters

 

We account for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” (ASC Topic 740) which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between the book and tax bases of recorded assets and liabilities. ASC Topic 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is “more likely than not” that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized. In our quarterly evaluation of the need for a valuation allowance, we take into account various factors, including the expected level of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies. If actual results differ from the assumptions made in our previous evaluation of our valuation allowance, we may record a change in valuation allowance through income tax expense in the period this determination is made.

 

At December 31, 2012, we had deferred tax assets related to net operating loss carryforwards and other income tax credits with a tax value of $3.5 million. These net operating loss carryforwards have various expiration dates, depending on the country and period in which they occurred. A valuation allowance of $3.5 million has been established for these deferred tax assets based on projected future taxable income and the expiration dates of these carryforwards.

 

At December 31, 2012, we also had deferred tax assets related to 2008 capital losses on investments with a tax value of $345,000. We have established a corresponding valuation allowance of $345,000 against this deferred tax asset as we do not anticipate having sufficient future capital gains to offset these capital losses.

 

The calculations of our tax liabilities involve dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. On January 1, 2007, we adopted provisions of ASC Topic 740 related to uncertain tax positions. As a result of the implementation of the provisions, we recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on the two-step process prescribed in the guidance. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as we have to determine the probability of various possible outcomes. We reevaluate these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, effectively settled issues under audit, or new audit activity. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision.

 

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Item No. 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

Reference is made to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part IV hereof.

 

Item No. 9 - Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

None

 

Item No. 9A - Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2012. Based on such review and evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2012, to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (a) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (b) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. This evaluation included review of the documentation of controls, evaluation of the design effectiveness of controls, testing of the operation effectiveness of controls and a conclusion on this evaluation. Although there are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any system of internal control over financial reporting, based on our evaluation, management has concluded our internal controls over financial reporting were effective as of December 31, 2012.

 

Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the company’s registered public accounting firm as the company is classified as a “Smaller Reporting Company.”

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There were no material changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of 2012 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting.

 

Item No. 9B - Other Information

 

None

 

27
 

 

PART III

 

Item No. 10 - Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Goverance

 

Information called for by Item 10 of Part III is incorporated by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 23, 2013, which is expected to be filed with the Commission within 120 days after December 31, 2012.

 

Item No. 11 - Executive Compensation

 

Information called for by Item 11 of Part III is incorporated by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 23, 2013, which is expected to be filed with the Commission within 120 days after December 31, 2012.

 

Item No. 12 - Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

Information called for by Item 12 of Part III is incorporated by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 23, 2013, which is expected to be filed with the Commission within 120 days after December 31, 2012.

 

Item No. 13 - Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 

Information called for by Item 13 of Part III is incorporated by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 23, 2013, which is expected to be filed with the Commission within 120 days after December 31, 2012.

 

Item No. 14 - Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

Information called for by Item 14 of Part III is incorporated by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 23, 2013, which is expected to be filed with the Commission within 120 days after December 31, 2012.

 

PART IV

 

Item No. 15 - Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

(a)1. The Consolidated Financial Statements filed as part of this report on Form 10-K are listed on the accompanying Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules.

 

2.Financial schedules required to be filed by Item 8 of this form, and by Item 15(d) below:

 

All other financial schedules are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable and therefore have been omitted.

 

3.Exhibits: See the Exhibit Index immediately following the signature page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

28
 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

RELIV’ INTERNATIONAL, INC.

 

 

By: /s/ Robert L. Montgomery
  Robert L. Montgomery, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer
   

Date: March 26, 2013

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

By: /s/ Robert L. Montgomery
  Robert L. Montgomery, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

 

Date: March 26, 2013

 

By: /s/ Steven D. Albright
  Steven D. Albright, Chief Financial Officer (and accounting officer)

 

Date: March 26, 2013

 

By: /s/ Carl W. Hastings
  Carl W. Hastings, Vice Chairman, Chief Scientific Officer, Director

 

Date: March 26, 2013

 

By: /s/ Stephen M. Merrick
  Stephen M. Merrick, Senior Vice President, Secretary, Director

 

Date: March 26, 2013

 

By: /s/ John B. Akin
  John B. Akin, Director

 

Date: March 26, 2013

 

By: /s/ Denis St. John
  Denis St. John, Director

 

Date: March 26, 2013

 

By: /s/ John M. Klimek
  John M. Klimek, Director

 

Date: March 26, 2013

 

29
 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit Index

 

 

Exhibit

NumberDocument

 

3.1Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Appendix B of Schedule 14A of the Registrant filed on April 17, 2003).

 

3.2By-Laws (incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of the Registrant filed on February 21, 2006).

 

3.3Amendment to By-Laws dated March 22, 2001 (incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of the Registrant filed on February 21, 2006).

 

3.4Certificate of Designation to Create a Class of Series A Preferred Stock for Reliv’ International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 10-Q of the Registrant for quarter ended March 31, 2003).

 

4.1Form of Reliv International, Inc. common stock certificate (incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of the Registrant filed on February 21, 2006).

 

10.1Amended Exclusive License Agreement with Theodore P. Kalogris dated December 1, 1991 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-K of the Registrant for the year ended December 31, 1992).

 

10.2*Robert L. Montgomery Employment Agreement dated June 19, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed June 25, 2007).

 

10.3*Carl W. Hastings Employment Agreement dated July 26, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed July 27, 2007).

 

10.4Letter Agreement with Southwest Bank of St. Louis dated June 29, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed July 6, 2009).

 

10.5Promissory Note (Term Loan) dated September 30, 2012 by Reliv International, Inc. in favor of BMO Harris Bank N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed October 4, 2012).

 

10.6Promissory Note (Revolving Credit Facility) dated September 30, 2012 by Reliv International, Inc. in favor of BMO Harris Bank N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed October 4, 2012).

 

10.7*Reliv’ International, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan dated June 1, 1998 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Form10-K of the Registrant for year ended December 31, 1998).

 

10.8*Reliv International, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan and Trust dated August 24, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed August 30, 2006).

 

10.9*2009 Distributor Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix 1 of Form S-3 Registration Statement the Registrant filed July 1, 2009).

 

10.10*2003 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the Form S-8 Registration Statement the Registrant filed August 13, 2003).

 

 

30
 

 

10.11*2009 Incentive Stock Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form S-8 Registration Statement the Registrant filed December 2, 2010).

 

10.12*Reliv International, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan effective January 1, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed May 31, 2007).

 

10.13*R. Scott Montgomery Employment Agreement dated January 2, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed January 4, 2008).

 

10.14*Ryan A. Montgomery Employment Agreement dated January 2, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed January 4, 2008).

 

10.15*Steven G. Hastings Employment Agreement dated January 2, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed January 4, 2008).

 

10.16*Steven D. Albright Employment Agreement dated January 2, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed January 4, 2008).

 

10.17*Brett M. Hastings Employment Agreement dated January 2, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed January 4, 2008).

 

10.18Purchase Agreement by and among Michael G. Williams, Julie T. Williams and Reliv International, Inc. dated August 31, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K of the Registrant filed September 3, 2009).

 

10.19Loan Sale Agreement between 2010-1 RADC/CADC Venture, LLC and Reliv International, Inc. dated March 16, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q of the Registrant for the quarter ended March 31, 2012).

 

11Statement re: computation of per share earnings (incorporated by reference to Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part IV).

 

21Subsidiaries of the Registrant (filed herewith).

 

23Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors (filed herewith).

 

31.1Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended (filed herewith).

 

31.2Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended (filed herewith).

 

32Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).

 

101Interactive Data Files, including the following materials from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, formatted in XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Net Income and Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

*Indicates management compensation plan, contract or arrangement.

 

31
 

 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc.

and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011

 

 

 

 

Contents

 

 

Consolidated Financial Statements:    
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm   F-1
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011   F-2
Consolidated Statements of Net Income and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011   F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011   F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011   F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – December 31, 2012   F-8

 

 

 

32
 

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Reliv’ International, Inc.

 

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of net income and comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2012. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2012, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

 

 

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 

St. Louis, Missouri

March 26, 2013

 

F-1
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

   December 31 
   2012   2011 
Assets             
Current assets:          
Cash and cash equivalents  $5,801,042   $7,174,213 
Accounts receivable, less allowances of $35,700 in 2012 and $70,300 in 2011   247,087    334,828 
Accounts due from employees and distributors   109,346    43,191 
Inventories:          
   Finished goods   3,661,289    3,252,153 
   Raw materials   1,332,293    1,048,419 
   Sales aids and promotional materials   269,334    423,201 
Total inventories   5,262,916    4,723,773 
           
Refundable income taxes   10,632    96,387 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets   688,669    607,989 
Deferred income taxes   371,000    432,000 
Total current assets   12,490,692    13,412,381 
           
Other assets   206,022    204,461 
Cash surrender value of life insurance   2,083,420    1,782,752 
Note receivable due from distributor   1,923,000    - 
Intangible assets, net   1,443,635    1,597,644 
           
Property, plant, and equipment   18,454,805    18,807,353 
Less accumulated depreciation   11,343,033    11,385,406 
    7,111,772    7,421,947 
           
           
           
Total assets  $25,258,541   $24,419,185 

 

 

F-2
 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets (continued)

 

   December 31 
   2012   2011 
         
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity             
Current liabilities:          
Accounts payable and accrued expenses  $5,985,000   $5,525,576 
Current maturities of long-term debt   629,631    584,873 
Total current liabilities   6,614,631    6,110,449 
           
Noncurrent liabilities:          
Long-term debt, less current maturities   2,401,312    3,566,175 
Noncurrent deferred income taxes   289,000    - 
Other noncurrent liabilities   371,728    256,710 
Total noncurrent liabilities   3,062,040    3,822,885 
           
Stockholders’ equity:          
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share; 3,000,000 shares authorized; -0- shares issued and outstanding in 2012 and 2011   -    - 
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share; 30,000,000 shares authorized,  14,511,816 shares issued and 12,619,640 shares outstanding in 2012; 14,425,185 shares issued and 12,484,104 shares outstanding in 2011   14,512    14,425 
Additional paid-in capital   30,074,801    30,292,792 
Accumulated deficit   (8,557,178)   (9,540,595)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:          
   Foreign currency translation adjustment   (494,550)   (617,303)
Treasury stock   (5,455,715)   (5,663,468)
Total stockholders’ equity   15,581,870    14,485,851 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity  $25,258,541   $24,419,185 

 

 

See accompanying notes.

F-3
 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Statements of Net Income and Comprehensive Income

 

   Year ended December 31 
   2012   2011 
           
Product sales  $61,097,180   $65,701,343 
Handling & freight income   7,612,709    8,178,557 
Net sales   68,709,889    73,879,900 
           
Costs and expenses:          
Cost of products sold   13,685,581    15,105,416 
Distributor royalties and commissions   25,839,621    27,629,167 
Selling, general, and administrative   27,472,807    29,400,219 
Income from operations   1,711,880    1,745,098 
           
Other income (expense):          
Interest income   129,415    40,508 
Interest expense   (99,502)   (138,967)
Other income   406,176    24,518 
Income before income taxes   2,147,969    1,671,157 
Provision for income taxes   789,000    623,000 
           
Net income available to common          
shareholders  $1,358,969   $1,048,157 
           
Other comprehensive income (loss):          
Foreign currency translation adjustment   122,753    (169,279)
           
Comprehensive income  $1,481,722   $878,878 
           
           
Earnings per common share - Basic  $0.11   $0.08 
Weighted average shares   12,500,000    12,429,000 
           
Earnings per common share - Diluted  $0.11   $0.08 
Weighted average shares   12,654,000    12,429,000 

  

See accompanying notes.

F-4
 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

 

                   Accumulated             
           Additional       Other             
   Common Stock   Paid-In   Accumulated   Comprehensive   Treasury Stock     
   Shares   Amount   Capital   Deficit   Loss   Shares   Amount   Total 
Balance at December 31, 2010   14,425,185   $14,425   $30,300,463   $(10,091,167)  $(448,024)   1,974,377   $(5,845,174)  $13,930,523 
    Net income   -    -    -    1,048,157    -    -    -    1,048,157 
    Other comprehensive income (loss):                                        
      Foreign currency translation adjustment   -    -    -    -    (169,279)   -    -    (169,279)
    Total comprehensive income                                      878,878 
    Common stock dividends paid, $0.04 per share   -    -    -    (497,585)   -    -    -    (497,585)
    Stock-based compensation, net of excess tax benefits   -    -    169,413    -    -    -    -    169,413 
    Contribution of treasury shares to ESOP   -    -    (177,084)   -    -    (104,167)   302,084    125,000 
    Common stock purchased for treasury   -    -    -    -    -    70,871    (120,378)   (120,378)
Balance at December 31, 2011   14,425,185    14,425    30,292,792    (9,540,595)   (617,303)   1,941,081    (5,663,468)   14,485,851 
    Net income   -    -    -    1,358,969    -    -    -    1,358,969 
    Other comprehensive income (loss):                                        
      Foreign currency translation adjustment   -    -    -    -    122,753    -    -    122,753 
    Total comprehensive income                                      1,481,722 
    Common stock dividends paid, $0.03 per share   -    -    -    (375,552)   -    -    -    (375,552)
    Common stock issued to consultant   86,631    87    109,413    -    -    -    -    109,500 
    Stock-based compensation   -    -    102,465    -    -    -    -    102,465 
    Expired stock options & warrants; deferred tax effect   -    -    (276,023)   -    -    -    -    (276,023)
    Contribution of treasury shares to ESOP   -    -    (153,846)   -    -    (96,154)   278,846    125,000 
    Common stock purchased for treasury   -    -    -    -    -    47,249    (71,093)   (71,093)
Balance at December 31, 2012   14,511,816   $14,512   $30,074,801   $(8,557,178)  $(494,550)   1,892,176   $(5,455,715)  $15,581,870 

 

See accompanying notes.

 

F-5
 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

   Year ended December 31 
   2012   2011 
Operating activities          
Net income  $1,358,969   $1,048,157 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net          
cash provided by operating activities:          
   Depreciation and amortization   954,110    1,109,088 
   Stock-based compensation   102,465    169,413 
   Contribution of treasury shares to ESOP   125,000    125,000 
   Non-cash gain on loan modification   (410,320)   - 
   Deferred income taxes   95,977    (78,000)
   Foreign currency transaction (gain)/loss   (21,139)   29,368 
   (Increase) decrease in accounts receivable   115,334    (40,256)
   (Increase) decrease in inventories   (468,297)   899,821 
   (Increase) decrease in refundable income taxes   83,095    (34,047)
   (Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other          
      current assets   (73,173)   (90,527)
   (Increase) decrease in other assets   (20,561)   46,165 
   Increase (decrease) in accounts payable & accrued          
      expenses and other non-current liabilities   626,678    (391,809)
Net cash provided by operating activities   2,468,138    2,792,373 
           
Investing activities          
Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment   39,910    13,737 
Purchase of property, plant, and equipment   (524,984)   (414,170)
Purchase of note and mortgage secured by underlying property   (2,000,000)   - 
Payment of life insurance premiums   (300,667)   (279,402)
Net cash used in investing activities   (2,785,741)   (679,835)
           
Financing activities          
Principal payments on long-term borrowings   (709,785)   (566,595)
Common stock dividends paid   (375,552)   (497,585)
Purchase of stock for treasury   (71,093)   (120,378)
Net cash used in financing activities   (1,156,430)   (1,184,558)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash          
   equivalents   100,862    (84,805)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   (1,373,171)   843,175 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year   7,174,213    6,331,038 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year  $5,801,042   $7,174,213 

 

F-6
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)

 

   Year ended December 31 
   2012   2011 
         
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:          
   Cash paid during the year for:          
        Interest  $99,906   $139,015 
           
        Income taxes  $597,000   $789,000 

  

 

See accompanying notes.

F-7
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

December 31, 2012

 

1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies

 

Nature of Business

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. (the Company) produces a proprietary line of nutritional supplements addressing basic nutrition, specific wellness needs, weight management, and sports nutrition. These products are sold by subsidiaries of the Company to a sales force of independent distributors of the Company that sell products directly to consumers. The Company and its subsidiaries sell products to distributors throughout the United States and in Australia, Austria, Brunei, Canada, Germany, Indonesia, Ireland, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, and the United Kingdom.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its foreign and domestic subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Product cost includes raw materials, labor, and overhead costs and is accounted for on a first-in, first-out basis. On a periodic basis, the Company reviews its inventory levels, as compared to future demand requirements and the shelf life of the various products. Based on this review, the Company records inventory write-downs when necessary.

 

Sales aids and promotional materials inventories represent distributor kits, product brochures, and other sales and business development materials which are held for sale to distributors. Cost of the sales aids and promotional materials held for sale are capitalized as inventories and subsequently recorded to cost of goods sold upon recognition of revenue when sold to distributors. All other advertising and promotional costs are expensed when incurred.

 

Property, Plant, and Equipment

 

Property, plant, and equipment are stated on the cost basis. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line or an accelerated method over the useful life of the related assets. Generally, computer equipment and software are depreciated over 5 years, office equipment and machinery over 7 years, and real property over 39 years.

 

 

 

F-8
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

Foreign Currency Translation and Transaction Gains or Losses

 

All balance sheet accounts have been translated using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Statements of income amounts have been translated using the average exchange rate for the year. The gains and losses resulting from the changes in exchange rates from year to year have been reported in other comprehensive income (loss). The foreign currency translation adjustment is the only component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. If applicable, foreign currency translation adjustments exclude income tax expense (benefit) as certain of the Company’s investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries are deemed to be reinvested for an indefinite period of time. Transaction gains/(losses) were $21,139 and $(29,368) for 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company receives payment by credit card, personal check, or guaranteed funds for orders from independent distributors and makes related commission payments in the following month. Generally, net sales reflect product sales less the distributor discount of 20 percent to 40 percent of the suggested retail price. Sales revenue and commission expenses are recorded when the merchandise is shipped, as this is the point title and risk of loss pass to the distributor. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 605-50, “Revenue Recognition – Customer Payments and Incentives,” the Company presents distributor royalty and commission expense as an operating expense, rather than a reduction to net sales, as these payments are not made to the purchasing distributor.

 

Actual and estimated sales returns are classified as a reduction of net sales. The Company estimates and accrues a reserve for product returns based on the Company’s return policy and historical experience. The Company’s return policy allows for distributors to return product only upon termination of his or her distributorship. Allowable returns are limited to saleable product which was purchased within twelve months of the termination for a refund of 90% of the original purchase price less any distributor royalties and commission received relating to the original purchase of the returned products. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, total returns as a percent of net sales were approximately 0.48 % and 0.38%, respectively.

 

The Company records handling and freight income as a component of net sales and records handling and freight costs as a component of cost of products sold. Total revenues do not include sales tax as the Company considers itself a pass-through conduit for collecting and remitting applicable sales taxes.

 

 

 

F-9
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share

 

Basic earnings per common share are computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per common share are computed using the weighted average number of common shares and potential dilutive common shares that were outstanding during the period. Potential dilutive common shares consist of outstanding stock options, outstanding stock warrants, and convertible preferred stock. See Note 8 for additional information regarding earnings per share.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company has stock-based incentive plans under which it may grant stock option, restricted stock, and unrestricted stock awards. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense based on the grant date fair value of the award and the related vesting terms. The fair value of stock-based awards is determined using the Black-Scholes model, which incorporates assumptions regarding the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, expected option life, and dividend yield. See Note 7 for additional information.

 

The Company accounts for options granted to non-employees and warrants granted to distributors under the fair value approach required by FASB ASC Topic 505-50, “Equity Based Payments to Non-Employees.”

 

Income Taxes

 

The provision for income taxes is computed using the liability method. The primary differences between financial statement and taxable income result from financial statement accruals and reserves and differences between depreciation and stock options for book and tax purposes.

 

Unrecognized tax benefits are accounted for as required by FASB ASC Topic 740 which prescribes a more likely than not threshold for financial statement presentation and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. See Note 11 for further discussion.

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and requires disclosures about fair value measurements required under other accounting pronouncements. See Note 5 for further discussion.

 

Advertising

 

Costs of sales aids and promotional materials are capitalized as inventories. All other advertising and promotional costs are expensed when incurred. The Company recorded $44,000 and $32,000 of advertising expense in 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

F-10
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

Amortizable Intangible Assets

 

The Company records intangible assets based on management’s determination of the fair value of the respective assets at the time of acquisition. Determining the fair value of intangible assets is judgmental and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions of future company operations. The Company bases its fair value estimates and related asset lives on assumptions it believes to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from these estimates.

 

Intangible assets estimated to have finite estimable lives are amortized over their estimated economic life under the straight-line method. Based on management’s estimates, these lives range from two to fifteen years. Related amortization expense is presented within Selling, General, and Administrative in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.

 

Research and Development Expenses

 

Research and development expenses, which are charged to selling, general, and administrative expenses as incurred, were $587,000 and $533,000 in 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

Cash Equivalents

 

The Company's policy is to consider the following as cash and cash equivalents: demand deposits and short-term investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

 

Effective January 1, 2012, the Company adopted new accounting guidance on the financial statement presentation of comprehensive income. Under this guidance, a company has the option to present the components of net income and other comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or two separate but consecutive statements. The Company has elected to present total comprehensive income in a single continuous statement which contains two sections: net income and comprehensive income. The adoption of this new guidance only impacted financial statement presentation and did not have any impact on the company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

 

F-11
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

2. Property, Plant, and Equipment

 

Property, plant, and equipment at December 31, 2012 and 2011, consist of the following:

 

 

   2012   2011 
           
Land and land improvements  $883,563   $883,563 
Building   9,905,967    9,899,291 
Machinery and equipment   3,767,910    3,736,144 
Office equipment   1,231,215    1,376,577 
Computer equipment and software   2,666,150    2,911,778 
    18,454,805    18,807,353 
Less accumulated depreciation   11,343,033    11,385,406 
   $7,111,772   $7,421,947 

 

 

3. Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses at December 31, 2012 and 2011, consist of the following:

 

   2012   2011 
           
Trade payables  $2,924,111   $2,492,973 
Distributors' commissions   2,293,019    2,238,987 
Sales taxes   283,700    365,897 
Payroll and payroll taxes   484,170    427,719 
   $5,985,000   $5,525,576 

 

4. Amortizable Intangible Assets

 

The Company had amortizable intangible assets as follows as of December 31, 2012 and 2011:

 

           Accumulated 
   Gross Carrying Amount   Amortization 
   2012   2011   2012   2011 
                     
Distributorship  $1,648,000   $1,648,000   $366,222   $256,356 
Non-compete agreement   103,000    103,000    103,000    103,000 
Non-solicitation agreement   309,000    309,000    147,143    103,000 
                     
   $2,060,000   $2,060,000   $616,365   $462,356 

 

F-12
 

 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

  

4. Amortizable Intangible Assets (continued)

 

Amortization expense (straight-line method) for intangible assets totaled $154,009 and $188,343 in 2012 and 2011, respectively. Amortization expense for amortizable intangible assets over the next five years is estimated to be:

 

   Intangible 
   Amortization 
      
2013  $154,000 
2014   154,000 
2015   154,000 
2016   139,000 
2017   110,000 

 

 

5. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The fair value of financial instruments at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

 

   Fair             
Description  Value   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3 
                     
December 31, 2012                    
Long-term debt  $3,030,943    -   $3,030,943    - 
Note receivable   2,640,000    -    2,640,000      
Marketable securities (1)   206,000   $206,000    -    - 
                     
December 31, 2011                    
Long-term debt  $4,080,000    -   $4,080,000      
Marketable securities (1)   185,000   $185,000    -    - 
                     

 

(1)Representing assets of the Company's Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (trading securities). Presented within Other Assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

 

 

Fair value can be measured using valuation techniques such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow), and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). Accounting standards utilize a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those levels:

 

Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

F-13
 

 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

5. Fair Value of Financial Instruments (continued)

 

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

 

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions.

 

At December 31, the carrying amount and fair value of the Company’s financial instruments are approximately as follows:

 

   2012   2011 
   Carrying
Amount
   Fair
Value
   Carrying
Amount
   Fair
Value
 
                 
Long-term debt  $3,030,943   $3,030,943   $4,151,048   $4,080,000 
Note receivable   2,000,000    2,640,000    -    - 
Marketable securities   206,000    206,000    185,000    185,000 

 

 

The carrying value of other financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities or variable-rate nature of the respective balances.

 

6. Long-Term Debt

 

Long-term debt at December 31, 2012 and 2011 consists of the following:

 

 

   2012   2011 
           
Term loan  $2,807,298   $3,204,100 
           
Obligation for purchase of distributorship, as modified   223,645    946,948 
    3,030,943    4,151,048 
Less current maturities   629,631    584,873 
   $2,401,312   $3,566,175 

 

Principal maturities of long-term debt at December 31, 2012, are as follows:

 

      
2013  $629,631 
2014   415,196 
2015   1,986,116 
2016   - 
2017   - 
Thereafter   - 
   $3,030,943 

 

F-14
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

6. Long-Term Debt (continued)

 

Revolving loan agreements

 

Effective October 1, 2010, upon expiration of a previous revolving loan agreement with the same lender, the Company entered into a new $5 million one-year revolving loan agreement (2010) with its primary lender. Upon expiration of the 2010 agreement, the Company entered into a new $5 million revolving loan agreement (2011) with its primary lender. The 2011 agreement expired September 2012.

 

Effective September 30, 2012, the Company entered into a new one-year $5 million revolving loan agreement (2012) with its primary lender. Similar to the previous agreements, any advances under the revolver accrue interest at a variable interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR + 1.85%. Interest, if any, is payable monthly. There have been no revolver borrowings in 2011 or 2012. At December 31, 2012, the outstanding revolving line of credit balance was zero.

 

Term Loan

 

On November 30, 2010, the Company re-financed its then-existing term loan agreement with its primary lender. The 2010 re-financed term loan was for a period of three years with interest accruing at a floating interest rate based on the 30-day LIBOR plus 2%. Monthly principal and interest were based on approximately a nine-year amortization with a balloon payment for the outstanding balance due and payable on November 30, 2013.

 

On September 30, 2012, the Company re-financed the 2010 term loan agreement with its primary lender. The 2012 re-financed term loan is for a period of thirty-eight months with interest accruing at a floating interest rate based on the 30-day LIBOR plus 2%. At December 31, 2012, the term loan’s interest rate was 2.2145%. Monthly principal and interest are based on approximately a seven-year amortization. The aggregate outstanding balance of principal and interest is due and payable on November 30, 2015.

 

The term loan agreement and revolving line of credit agreement are secured by all tangible and intangible assets of the Company and also by a mortgage on the real estate of the Company’s headquarters. These agreements also include loan covenants requiring the Company to maintain net tangible worth of not less than $11 million, and that borrowings under the agreements shall not exceed EBITDA by a ratio of 2.5 to 1. At December 31, 2012, the Company was in compliance with its loan covenants.

 

Obligation for Purchase of Distributorship, as modified

 

On August 31, 2009, the Company acquired an independent Reliv distributorship from its owner (“Seller”) which resulted in the Seller financing $1,343,881 of the purchase price over a period of seven years with monthly payments of principal and interest totaling $18,994.

 

F-15
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

6. Long-Term Debt (continued)

 

Obligation for Purchase of Distributorship, as modified (continued)

 

At June 30, 2012, the Company’s remaining balance due to the Seller under this transaction was approximately $856,000. On July 17, 2012, the Company and Seller entered into an Agreement to modify the Company’s remaining obligation to equal twelve consecutive monthly payments of principal and interest of $37,500 with the first payment commencing in July 2012. The Company has presented the non-cash gain of $410,320 relating to this modification as Other Income in the accompanying consolidated statements of net income and comprehensive income.

 

7. Stockholders’ Equity

 

Stock Options

 

2009 Incentive Stock Plan

 

The Company sponsors an incentive stock plan (the “2009 Plan”) allowing for a maximum of 1,000,000 shares to be granted in the form of either incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, or unrestricted stock awards. Employees, directors, advisors, and consultants of the Company are eligible to receive the grants. The plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors administers the plan.

 

The 2009 Plan provides that options may be issued under the plan at an option price not less than fair market value of the stock at the time the option is granted. Under the 2009 Plan, restricted stock of the Company may be granted at no cost to the grantee. The grantees are entitled to dividends and voting rights for their respective shares. Restrictions limit the sale or transfer of these shares during the requisite service period. In addition, the committee may grant or sell unrestricted stock at a purchase price to be determined by the committee.

 

Vesting terms and restrictions, if applicable, under the plan, are set by the committee and will be 10 years or less. The 2009 Plan expires in 2019.

 

In January 2012, the Company issued stock option grants totaling 775,000 shares. These option grants contain exercise prices ranging from $1.20 to $1.32 per share with a five-year term. One half of the options granted have time vesting provisions ranging from one to 4.8 years while the remainder have vesting provisions that are contingent upon the Company achieving certain financial performance measurements. The aggregate estimated compensation cost related to the time vesting stock option grant is $172,000 recognized on a straight-line basis over the weighted requisite service periods. The aggregate estimated compensation cost related to the performance based options is $185,000; however, recognition is contingent upon performance vesting. The grant-date fair value of the options range from $0.42 to $0.48 per share and was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using an average risk-free rate of 0.82%, an average dividend yield of 1.60%, and an average volatility of 49.31%.

 

 

F-16
 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

7. Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

 

Stock Options (continued)

 

2003 Stock Option Plan

 

The Company sponsors a stock option plan (the “2003 Plan”) allowing for incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options to be granted to employees and eligible directors. The plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company. The 2003 Plan provided that a maximum of 1,000,000 shares may be issued under the plan at an option price not less than the fair market value of the stock at the time the option is granted. The options vest pursuant to the schedule set forth for the plan. With stockholder approval of the 2009 Incentive Stock Plan, the Board of Directors resolved not to award any additional stock option grants under the 2003 Plan.

 

Compensation cost for all of the stock option plans was approximately $96,800 ($74,000 net of tax) and $174,000 ($112,000 net of tax) for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and has been recorded in selling, general, and administrative expense. As of December 31, 2012, the total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options totaled $137,000 ($136,000 net of tax), which will be amortized over the weighted remaining requisite service period of 3.9 years.

 

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information for the years ended December 31 follows:

 

   2012   2011 
   Options   Weighted
Avg.
Exercise
Price
   Options   Weighted
Avg.
Exercise
Price
 
Outstanding beginning of the year   739,500   $8.29    753,000   $8.29 
Granted                    
  Price = Fair Value   739,250    1.20    -      
  Price > Fair Value   35,750    1.32    -      
Exercised   -         -      
Expired and forfeited   (201,000)   9.40    (13,500)   8.39 
Outstanding at end of year   1,313,500   $3.94    739,500   $8.29 
                     
Exercisable at end of year   542,375   $7.79    683,000   $8.22 

 

F-17
 

 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   

7. Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

 

Stock Options (continued)

 

   As of December 31, 2012 
   Options Outstanding   Options Exercisable     
Range of
Exercise Prices
  Number
Outstanding
   Weighted Avg.
Remaining Life
   Weighted Avg. Exercise Price   Number
Exercisable
   Weighted Avg. Remaining Life   Weighted Avg. Exercise Price 
                               
$1.20 - $1.32   767,000    4.00   $1.21    -    -   $- 
$5.28 - $5.50   41,500    0.67    5.41    37,375    0.67    5.43 
$7.92   475,000    2.00    7.92    475,000    2.00    7.92 
$8.68   30,000    2.79    8.68    30,000    2.79    8.68 
$1.20 - $8.68   1,313,500    3.14   $3.94    542,375    1.95   $7.79 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding and currently exercisable at December 31, 2012 was $-0-. Intrinsic value for stock options is calculated based on the exercise price of the underlying awards as compared to the quoted price of the Company’s common stock as of the reporting date.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, no stock options were exercised.

 

Distributor Stock Purchase Plan

 

In November 1998, the Company established a Distributor Stock Purchase Plan (1998 Plan). The plan allows distributors who have reached the “Ambassador” status the opportunity to allocate up to 10% of their monthly compensation into the plan to be used to purchase the Company’s common stock at the current market value. The plan also states that at the end of each year, the Company will grant warrants to purchase additional shares of the Company’s common stock based on the number of shares purchased by the distributors under the plan during the year. The warrant exercise price will equal the market price for the Company’s common stock at the date of issuance. The warrants issued shall be in the amount of 25% of the total shares purchased under the plan during the year and the warrants are fully vested upon grant. This 10-year plan began in January 1999. As of December 31, 2012, all warrants issued under the 1998 Plan have been exercised, forfeited, or expired.

 

In July 2009, the Company established a new Distributor Stock Purchase Plan (2009 Plan) to replace the expired 1998 Plan. The 2009 Plan, which is similar to the 1998 Plan, commenced in August 2009. Since inception, a total of 45,006 have been issued under the 2009 Plan. The warrants are fully vested upon grant.

 

The Company records expense under the fair value method for warrants granted to distributors. Total expense recorded for these warrants was $5,665 and $8,895 in 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

 

F-18
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

7. Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

 

Distributor Stock Purchase Plan (continued)

 

The fair value of the warrants was estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:

 

   Year ended December 31 
   2012   2011 
         
Expected warrant life (years)   3.0    3.0 
Risk-free weighted average interest rate   0.37%   0.37%
Stock price volatility   46.4%   50.9%
Dividend yield   1.6%   1.6%

  

A summary of the Company’s warrant activity and related information for the years ended December 31 follows:

 

   2012   2011 
   Warrants   Weighted
Avg.
Exercise
Price
   Warrants   Weighted
Avg.
Exercise
Price
 
                 
Outstanding beginning of the year   31,565   $1.74    41,482   $3.62 
Granted   13,441    1.31    14,702    1.23 
Exercised   -         -      
Expired   (3,179)   3.28    (24,619)   4.60 
Outstanding at end of year   41,827   $1.49    31,565   $1.74 
                     
Exercisable at end of year   41,827         31,565      

  

   As of December 31, 2012
   Warrants Outstanding  Warrants Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices  Number Outstanding  Weighted Avg. Remaining Life  Weighted Avg. Exercise Price  Number Exercisable  Weighted Avg. Exercise Price
$1.23  14,702  2.00  $1.23  14,702  $1.23
$1.31  13,441  3.00  1.31  13,441  1.31
$1.94  13,684  1.00  1.94  13,684  1.94
$1.23 - $1.94  41,827  1.99  $1.49  41,827  $1.49

 

The intrinsic value for stock warrants outstanding at December 31, 2012 was $1,000. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, no stock warrants were exercised.

 

F-19
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

  

8. Earnings per Share

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

 

   Year ended December 31 
   2012   2011 
Numerator:          
Net income  $1,358,969   $1,048,157 
Denominator:          
Denominator for basic earnings per share – weighted average shares   12,500,000    12,429,000 
           
Dilutive effect of employee stock options and other warrants   154,000    - 
           
Denominator for diluted earnings per share – adjusted weighted average shares   12,654,000    12,429,000 
           
Basic earnings per share  $0.11   $0.08 
Diluted earnings per share  $0.11   $0.08 

 

 

For the year ended December 31, 2012, options and warrants totaling 943,684 shares of common stock were not included in the denominator for diluted earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive or because the shares were deemed contingently issuable. For the year ended December 31, 2011, options and warrants totaling 756,363 shares of common stock were not included in the denominator for diluted earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

9. Leases

 

The Company leases certain office facilities, storage, and equipment. These leases have varying terms, and certain leases have renewal and/or purchase options. Future minimum payments under non-cancelable leases with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year consist of the following at December 31, 2012:

 

2013  $430,589 
2014   356,373 
2015   178,360 
2016   52,763 
2017   14,065 
Thereafter   1,512 
   $1,033,662 

 

Rent expense for operating leases was $422,708 and $567,186 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

F-20
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

10. Note Receivable Due From Distributor

 

In March 2012, the Company purchased from a real estate investment management firm a note and mortgage (“Note”) on certain properties in Wyoming and Idaho for $2 million. In May 2012, the Company entered into a Loan Modification Agreement (“LMA”) with the Note’s original and present borrower (“Borrower”) to restructure the Note’s principal amount due and related terms. The LMA terms are for a principal balance due of $2 million with interest only payable monthly in 2012. The LMA’s interest rate is the greater of 6% or prime and there is no prepayment penalty for voluntary principal payments. Concurrently, with the execution of the LMA, the Company and the Borrower also entered into a Security Agreement in which repayment of the LMA is secured by the Borrower’s Reliv distributorship business.

 

As originally structured, beginning in 2013, the LMA was to require monthly payment of principal and interest under a five-year amortization period. In the first quarter of 2013, management and the Borrower have verbally agreed to amend the LMA to prospectively require monthly payment of principal and interest under a fifteen-year amortization period.

 

11. Income Taxes

 

The components of income (loss) before income taxes are as follows:

 

   Year ended December 31 
   2012   2011 
         
United States  $2,881,707   $2,901,236 
Foreign   (733,738)   (1,230,079)
   $2,147,969   $1,671,157 

 

 

The components of the provision for income taxes are as follows:

 

   Year ended December 31 
   2012   2011 
Current:          
Federal  $551,000   $562,000 
State   92,000    115,000 
Foreign   50,000    37,000 
Total current   693,000    714,000 
           
Deferred:          
Federal   82,000    (76,000)
State   14,000    (15,000)
Foreign   -    - 
Total deferred   96,000    (91,000)
   $789,000   $623,000 

 

F-21
 

 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

11. Income Taxes (continued)

 

The provision for income taxes is different from the amounts computed by applying the United States federal statutory income tax rate of 34%. The reasons for these differences are as follows:

 

   Year ended December 31 
   2012   2011 
           
Income taxes at U.S. statutory rate  $730,000   $568,000 
State income taxes, net of federal benefit   116,000    116,000 
Higher/(lower) effective taxes on earnings in          
foreign countries   (30,000)   23,000 
Foreign corporate income taxes   50,000    37,000 
Nondeductible meals and entertainment expense   26,000    29,000 
Qualified production activities income - AJCA   (54,000)   (62,000)
Reserve for uncertain tax positions   2,000    (55,000)
Other   (51,000)   (33,000)
   $789,000   $623,000 

 

The Company has a deferred tax asset of $3,475,000 as of December 31, 2012, and $3,942,000 as of December 31, 2011, relating to foreign net operating loss carryforwards. The Company has recorded a valuation allowance as it is more likely than not that this asset will not be realized before it expires beginning in 2013.

 

The Company has a deferred tax asset as of December 31, 2012 related primarily to 2008 capital losses on investments with a tax value of $345,000. The Company has established a corresponding valuation allowance of $345,000 as it does not anticipate having sufficient future capital gains to offset these capital losses. The capital loss carryforward expires in 2013.

F-22
 

 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

11. Income Taxes (continued)

 

The components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the related tax effects of each temporary difference at December 31, 2012 and 2011, are as follows:

 

   2012   2011 
Deferred tax assets:          
Product refund reserve  $28,000   $41,000 
Inventory obsolescence reserve   74,000    68,000 
Vacation accrual   29,000    31,000 
Stock-based compensation   72,000    297,000 
Organization costs   192,000    198,000 
Deferred compensation   83,000    88,000 
Capital losses on investments   345,000    364,000 
Valuation allowance - investment losses   (345,000)   (364,000)
Miscellaneous accrued expenses   42,000    79,000 
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards   3,475,000    3,942,000 
Valuation allowance - NOL carryforwards   (3,475,000)   (3,942,000)
    520,000    802,000 
Deferred tax liabilities:          
Depreciation and amortization   312,000    222,000 
Foreign currency exchange   126,000    129,000 
    438,000    351,000 
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)  $82,000   $451,000 
           
Reported as:          
Current deferred tax assets  $371,000   $432,000 
Non-current deferred tax assets  (1)   -    19,000 
Non-current deferred tax liabilities   289,000    - 
Net deferred tax assets  $82,000   $451,000 

 

(1) Included within other non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

 

Through December 31, 2012, the Company has not recorded a provision for income taxes on the earnings of certain of its foreign subsidiaries because such earnings are intended to be permanently reinvested outside the U.S. The cumulative amount of unremitted earnings on which the Company has not recognized United States income tax was $57,000 at December 31, 2012. Although it is not practicable to determine the deferred tax liability on the unremitted earnings, credits for foreign income taxes paid would be available to significantly reduce any U.S tax liability if foreign earnings are remitted.

 

F-23
 

 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

11. Income Taxes (continued)

 

The Company applied applicable accounting guidance relating to accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. Reserves for uncertainty in income taxes are adjusted quarterly in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the progress of tax audits, case law, and emerging legislation. The primary difference between gross unrecognized tax benefits and net unrecognized tax benefits is the U.S. federal tax benefit from state tax deductions. It is the Company’s practice to recognize interest and / or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

 

At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had $56,000 and $51,000, respectively, of cumulative unrecognized tax benefits, of which only the net amount would impact the effective income tax rate if recognized.

 

The aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows:

 

Beginning balance as of January 1, 2011  $110,000 
      
Settlements and effective settlements with tax authorities   (47,000)
Lapse of statute of limitations   - 
Increases in balances related to tax positions taken during prior periods   - 
Decreases in balances related to tax positions taken during prior periods   (18,000)
Increases in balances related to tax positions taken during current period   6,000 
      
Balance as of December 31, 2011  $51,000 
      
Settlements and effective settlements with tax authorities   - 
Lapse of statute of limitations   - 
Increases in balances related to tax positions taken during prior periods   - 
Decreases in balances related to tax positions taken during prior periods   (13,000)
Increases in balances related to tax positions taken during current period   18,000 
      
Balance as of December 31, 2012  $56,000 

  

The Company’s unrecognized tax benefits balance is included within other noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

 

The Company, including its domestic and foreign subsidiaries, is subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of multiple state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company has concluded all U.S. federal income tax matters for years through 2008 and concluded years through 2010 with its primary state jurisdiction.

 

 

F-24
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

11. Income Taxes (continued)

 

One of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is presently under local country audit for alleged deficiencies (totaling approximately $800,000 plus interest at 20% per annum) in value-added tax (VAT) and withholding tax for the years 2004 through 2006. The Company, in consultation with its legal counsel, believes that there are strong legal grounds that it should not be liable to pay the majority of the alleged tax deficiencies. As of December 31, 2010, management estimated and reserved approximately $185,000 for resolution of this matter and recorded this amount within Selling, General, and Administrative expense in the 2010 Consolidated Statement of Income. In 2011, the Company has made good faith deposits to the local tax authority under the tax agency’s administrative judicial resolution process. As of December 31, 2012, management’s estimated reserve (net of deposits) for this matter is approximately $70,000.

 

12. Employee Benefit Plans

 

The Company sponsors a 401(k) employee savings plan which covers substantially all employees. Employees can contribute up to 15% of their gross income to the plan, and the Company matches a percentage of the employee’s contribution at a rate of 25%. Company contributions under the 401(k) plan totaled $145,000 and $157,000 in 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

On September 1, 2006, the Company established an employee stock ownership plan ("ESOP") which covers substantially all U.S. employees. Contributions to the ESOP are funded by the Company on a discretionary basis. In 2012 and 2011, the Company’s contribution consisted of shares of common stock from treasury measured by the fair value of the stock on date of contribution. Company contributions under the ESOP plan totaled approximately $125,000 for each of the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

13. Incentive Compensation Plans

 

In May 2007, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of a new incentive compensation plan. This new plan was effective for fiscal year 2007 and replaced a previous plan. Under the plan, bonuses are payable quarterly in an amount not to exceed 18% of the Company’s Income from Operations for any period, subject to the Company achieving a minimum quarterly Income from Operations of at least $500,000. For fiscal years 2012 and 2011, the Board determined that the aggregate amount of incentive compensation available under the Plan shall be equal to 16% of the Company’s Income from Operations. The bonus pool is allocated to executives according to a specified formula, with a portion allocated to a middle management group determined by the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors.

 

 

F-25
 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

13. Incentive Compensation Plans (continued)

 

The Company expensed a total of $305,000 and $290,000 to the participants of the bonus pool for 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

In July 2010, the Company’s Reliv Europe subsidiary entered into a long-term performance-based incentive compensation agreement with the subsidiary’s senior managers. The valuation of the compensation agreement is an EBITDA-based formula derived from the subsidiary’s financial performance and vests in 20% annual increments which began in April 2011. The amount of the incentive, if any, varies in accordance with a 24-month look-back of the subsidiary’s financial performance and the vesting provisions. Upon initial vesting, a manager may elect to exercise his/her put option to receive in cash some or all of his/her respective share of the incentive. Beginning April 2015, the Company may exercise a call option on one or more of the manager’s incentive amount; redeeming such amount in cash or a combination of cash and the Company’s common stock, depending upon the amount of the vested incentive. In the fourth quarter of 2012, the subsidiary’s 24-month financial performance became positive resulting in the recognition of compensation expense and a corresponding non-current liability of $88,500 in the Company’s 2012 consolidated financial statements.

 

The Company sponsors a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP) to allow certain executives to defer a portion of their annual salary and bonus into a grantor trust. A grantor trust was established to hold the assets of the SERP. The Company funds the grantor trust by paying the amount deferred by the participant into the trust at the time of deferral. Investment earnings and losses accrue to the benefit or detriment of the participants. The SERP also provides for a discretionary matching contribution by the Company not to exceed 100% of the participant’s annual contribution. In 2012 and 2011, the Company did not provide a match. The participants fully vest in the deferred compensation three years from the date they enter the SERP. The participants are not eligible to receive distribution under the SERP until retirement, death, or disability of the participant. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, SERP assets were $206,000 and $185,000, respectively, and are included in “Other Assets” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, SERP liabilities were $211,000 and $190,000, respectively, and are included in “Other Non-Current Liabilities” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The changes in the balances of SERP assets and SERP liabilities during 2012 and 2011 were due to net realized and unrealized investment gains/losses incurred by the plan.

 

14. Segment Information

 

Description of Products and Services by Segment

 

The Company operates in one reportable segment, a network marketing segment consisting of six operating units that sell nutritional and dietary products to a sales force of independent distributors that sell the products directly to customers. These operating units are based on geographic regions.

 

F-26
 

 

 

Reliv’ International, Inc. and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

14. Segment Information (continued)

 

Description of Products and Services by Segment (continued)

 

Geographic area data for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 follow:

 

   2012   2011 
         
Net sales to external customers          
United States  $53,801,077   $60,883,841 
Australia/New Zealand   2,111,234    2,374,246 
Canada   1,860,956    2,139,293 
Mexico   1,055,473    1,201,484 
Europe  (1)   6,480,923    3,752,530 
Asia  (2)   3,400,226    3,528,506 
Total net sales  $68,709,889   $73,879,900 
           
Assets by area          
United States  $20,828,940   $20,439,234 
Australia/New Zealand   833,983    777,494 
Canada   364,082    379,432 
Mexico   568,868    510,837 
Europe  (1)   1,557,036    1,151,405 
Asia  (2)   1,105,632    1,160,783 
Total consolidated assets  $25,258,541   $24,419,185 

 

(1) Europe consists of United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands.
(2) Asia consists of Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, and Indonesia.  

 

The Company classifies its sales into three categories of sales products plus handling & freight income. Net sales by product category data for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, follow:

 

   2012   2011 
         
Net sales by product category          
Nutritional and dietary supplements  $58,859,774   $63,018,070 
Skin care products   471,576    728,060 
Sales aids and other   1,765,830    1,955,213 
Handling & freight income   7,612,709    8,178,557 
Total net sales  $68,709,889   $73,879,900 

 

F-27