Rennova Health, Inc. - Annual Report: 2007 (Form 10-K)
UNITED
STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
Form
10-K
For
Annual and Transition Reports Pursuant to Sections 13 or #15D of the Securities
and Exchange Act of 1934
________________
[X]
|
ANNUAL
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE
|
ACT
OF 1934
|
|
For
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007
|
|
[ ]
|
TRANSITION
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE
|
ACT
OF 1934
|
Commission
file number: 0-26824
Tegal
Corporation
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
|
68-0370244
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of incorporation or
organization)
|
(I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.)
|
2201
South McDowell Boulevard
|
|
Petaluma,
California
|
94954
|
(Address
of principal executive offices)
|
(Zip
Code)
|
Registrant’s
Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (707) 763-5600
Securities
Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities
Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common
Stock, $0.01 Par Value
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined
in
Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes
[ ] No [X]
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
Yes
[ ] No [X]
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to
be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required
to file reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the
past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this
Form 10-K. [ X ]
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated
filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act.
Large
Accelerated Filer [ ] Accelerated
Filer [ ] Non-Accelerated
Filer [X]
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Yes
[ ] No [X]
The
aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by
non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the closing sale price of the common
stock on September 30, 2006 as reported on the NASDAQ Smallcap Market, was
$21,671,909. As of June 27, 2007, 7,111,867 shares of the registrant’s common
stock were outstanding.
The
number of shares outstanding reflects a 1-for-12 reverse stock split effected
by
the Registrant on July 25, 2006.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions
of the Proxy Statement for registrant’s 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to
be held September 18, 2007 will be filed with the Commission within 120 days
after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year and are incorporated by
reference in Part III.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
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Page
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PART
I
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||
Item
1.
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Business
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3
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Item
1A.
|
Risk
Factors
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9
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Item
1B
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Unresolved
Staff Comments
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13
|
Item
2.
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Properties
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13
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Item
3.
|
Legal
Proceedings
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14
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Item
4.
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Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
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14
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PART
II
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||
Item
5.
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Market
for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issue
Purchases of Equity Securities
|
15
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Item
6.
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Selected
Financial Data
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15
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Item
7.
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Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
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17
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Item
7A.
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Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risks
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23
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Item
8.
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Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data
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24
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Item
9.
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Changes
in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure
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47
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Item
9A.
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Controls
and Procedures
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47
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Item
9B.
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Other
Information
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47
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PART
III
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||
Item
10.
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Directors
and Executive Officers of the Registrant
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48
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Item
11.
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Executive
Compensation
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48
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Item
12.
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Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and related
Stockholder Matters
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48
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Item
13.
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Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions
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48
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Item
14.
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Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
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48
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PART
IV
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||
Item
15.
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Exhibits
and Financial Statement Schedule
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49
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Signatures
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51
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-
2
-
PART
I
Item
1. Business
Information
contained or incorporated by reference in this report contains forward-looking
statements. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations
and beliefs and involve numerous risks and uncertainties that could cause actual
results to differ materially from expectations. These forward-looking statements
should not be relied upon as predictions of future events as we cannot assure
you that the events or circumstances reflected in these statements will be
achieved or will occur. You can identify forward-looking statements by the
use
of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,”
“estimate” or “continue” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or
comparable terminology which constitutes projected financial information. These
forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions
about the Company including, but not limited to, industry conditions, economic
conditions, acceptance of new technologies and market acceptance of the
Company's products and service. For a discussion of the factors that could
cause
actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements, see
the
“Part I, Item 1A—Risk Factors” and the “Financial Condition” section set forth
in “Part II, Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations,” beginning on page 17 below and such other risks and
uncertainties as set forth below in this report or detailed in our other SEC
reports and filings. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking
statements.
All
dollar amounts are in thousands unless specified otherwise.
The
Company
Tegal
Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“Tegal” or the “Company”), designs,
manufactures, markets and services plasma etch and deposition systems that
enable the production of integrated circuits (“ICs”), memory and related
microelectronics devices used in personal computers, wireless voice and data
telecommunications, contact-less transaction devices, radio frequency
identification devices (“RFIDs”), smart cards, data storage and micro-level
actuators. Etching and deposition constitute two of the principal IC and related
device production process steps and each must be performed numerous times in
the
production of such devices.
We
were
formed in December 1989 to acquire the operations of the former Tegal
Corporation, a division of Motorola, Inc. Our predecessor company was founded
in
1972 and acquired by Motorola, Inc. in 1978. We completed our initial public
offering in October 1995.
On
August
30, 2002, we acquired all of the outstanding common stock of Sputtered Films,
Incorporated (“SFI”), a privately held California corporation. SFI is a leader
in the design, manufacture and service of high performance physical vapor
deposition sputtering systems for the semiconductor and semiconductor packaging
industry. SFI was founded in 1967 with the development of its core technology,
the S-Gun.
On
November 11, 2003, we acquired substantially all of the assets and certain
liabilities of Simplus Systems Corporation, (“Simplus”), a development stage
company. Simplus had developed a deposition cluster tool and certain patented
processes for barrier, copper seed and high-K dielectric applications. Simplus
had coined the term “nano-layer deposition” or “NLD” to describe its unique
approach to molecular organic chemical vapor deposition (“MOCVD”). We are
continuing to develop these NLD processes and related tools, and are in the
process of marketing them to a limited number of key customers and joint
development partners.
On
May
28, 2004, we purchased substantially all of the assets and assumed certain
liabilities of First Derivative Systems, Inc. (“FDSI”). FDSI, a privately held
development stage company, was founded in 1999 as a spin-off of SFI. FDSI had
developed a high-throughput, low cost-of-ownership physical vapor deposition
(“PVD”) system
with highly differentiated technology for leading edge
memory
and logic device production on 200 and 300 millimeter wafers.
Semiconductor
Industry Background
Over
the
past twenty years, the semiconductor industry has experienced significant
growth. This growth has resulted from the increasing demand for ICs from
traditional IC markets, such as personal computers, telecommunications, consumer
electronics, automotive electronics and office equipment, as well as developing
markets, such as wireless communications, multimedia and portable and network
computing. As a result of this increased demand, semiconductor device
manufacturers have periodically expended significant amounts of capital to
build
new semiconductor fabrication facilities (“fabs”) and to expand existing fabs.
More recently, growth has slowed, and the industry is maturing as the cost
of
building new wafer fabs has increased dramatically. While unit demand for
semiconductor devices continue to rise, the average selling prices of chips
continue to decline. There is growing pressure on semiconductor device
manufacturers to reduce manufacturing costs while increasing the value of their
products. The semiconductor industry has also been historically cyclical, with
periods of rapid expansion followed by periods of over-capacity.
-
3
-
Growth
in
the semiconductor industry has been driven, in large part, by advances in
semiconductor performance at a decreasing cost per function. Advanced
semiconductor processing technologies increasingly allow semiconductor
manufacturers to produce ICs with smaller features, thereby increasing
processing speed and expanding device functionality and memory capacity. As
ICs
have become more complex, however, both the number and price of state of the
art
process tools required to manufacture ICs have increased significantly. As
a
result, the cost of semiconductor manufacturing equipment has become an
increasingly large part of the total cost of producing advanced ICs.
To
create
an IC, semiconductor wafers are subjected to a large number of complex process
steps. The three primary steps in manufacturing ICs are (1) deposition, in
which
a layer of insulating or conducting material is deposited on the wafer surface,
(2) photolithography, in which the circuit pattern is projected onto a light
sensitive material (the photoresist), and (3) etch, in which the unmasked parts
of the deposited material on the wafer are selectively removed to form the
IC
circuit pattern.
Each
step
of the manufacturing process for ICs requires specialized manufacturing
equipment. Today, plasma-based systems are used for the great majority of both
deposition and etching processes. During physical vapor deposition (also known
as “PVD”), the semiconductor wafer is exposed to a plasma environment that forms
continuous thin films of electrically insulating or electrically conductive
layers on the semiconductor wafer. During a plasma etch process (also known
as
“dry etch”), a semiconductor wafer is exposed to a plasma composed of a reactive
gas, such as chlorine, which etches away selected portions of the layer
underlying the patterned photoresist layer.
Business
Strategy
Our business objective is to utilize the technologies that we have developed
internally or acquired externally in order to increase our market share in
process equipment for both semiconductor manufacturing and nanotechnology device
fabrication. In the recent past, we have attempted to “leap frog” more
established competitors by being “designed-in” to the advanced device
fabrication plans of our customers. We have done so primarily by engaging in
research and development activities on behalf of our customers that our more
established competitors were unwilling or unable to perform. Many of these
advanced devices promise substantial returns as consumer demand for certain
functions grows and new markets are created. However, the timing of the
emergence of such demand, such as broadband wireless communications and RFID
tags is highly uncertain. In addition, the successful integration by our
customers of all of the various technical processes required to manufacture
a
device at an acceptable cost is also highly uncertain. As a result of our
inability to accurately predict the timing of the emergence of these markets,
our sales have declined over the past few years, while our costs for maintaining
our research and development efforts, service and manufacturing infrastructure
have remained constant or in some cases increased.
At
the
present time, we are transitioning Tegal from a dependence on these highly
unpredictable markets to more established equipment markets, where our success
is dependent more on our ability to apply successfully our engineering
capabilities to solving existing manufacturing problems. We aim to carefully
manage this transition by limiting our research and development efforts to
the
most promising near-term sales opportunities, while at the same time redirecting
all our available resources toward new products aimed at established equipment
markets. Because of our relatively small size, our ability to meet the needs
of
individual customers is far more important to our success than either macro
economic factors or industry-wide factors such as cyclicality, although both
of
these areas have some effect on our performance as well. As a result, our
methods of evaluating our progress will continue to be highly
customer-focused.
In
order
to achieve our business strategy, we are focused on the following key
elements:
Maintaining
our Technology Leadership Position in New Materials Etch
- We
have become a leading provider of etch process solutions for a set of new
materials central to the production of an array of advanced semiconductor and
nanotechnology devices in emerging markets. Incorporation of these new materials
is essential to achieving the higher device densities, lower power consumption
and novel functions exhibited by the newest generation of cell phones, computer
memories, fiber optic switches and remote sensors. Currently, we are a leading
supplier of etch solutions to makers of various advanced “non-volatile”
memories, as well as to device makers incorporating compound metals and certain
high-K dielectric materials into their devices. Our new materials expertise
also
includes the etching of so-called “compound-semi” materials, such as gallium
arsenide, gallium nitride and indium phosphide, widely used in telecom device
production. In addition, we are known for our capability to etch certain noble
metals, such as gold and platinum, as well as certain proprietary compound
metals. This capability is increasingly important in advanced memory development
and in the production of Micro-Electrical Mechanical Systems (“MEMS”), a type of
commercially produced nanotechnology device, especially useful to the automotive
industry.
Strengthening
our Position in Deposition Process Equipment -
Since
2002, we have completed two acquisitions of deposition products incorporating
the same unique “sputter-up” technology. In December 2006, as a result of the
settlement of our litigation with Advanced Modular Systems (“AMS”) and others,
we also acquired the assets and know-how of a similar deposition system. These
deposition tools enable the production of highly-oriented, thin piezoelectric
films composed of aluminum nitride. Such films are incorporated into high
frequency filters called Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) and Film Bulk Acoustic
Resonators (FBARs) used in cellular telephony and wireless communications.
In
addition our PVD products are well-suited for applications within so-called
“back-end” semiconductor manufacturing processes, including backside
metallization of ultra-thin wafers and underbump metal processes. These
processes are important to power devices, as well as certain advanced,
wafer-level packaging schemes, which are increasingly being used for
high-pin-count logic and memory devices.
-
4
-
Introducing
a New Product into Established Equipment Market -
The
continued development of our recently acquired NLD technology represents our
belief that we have a compelling solution to a critical process need in
present-day and future semiconductor device fabrication. As device geometries
continue to shrink, conventional chemical vapor deposition (“CVD”) process
equipment is increasingly incapable of depositing thin conformal films in
high-aspect ratio trenches and vias. Atomic Level Deposition (“ALD”) is one
technology for satisfying this deposition requirement. However, ALD has several
shortcomings, including low throughput and limitations on film type and quality,
which we believe our NLD technology overcomes.
Maintaining
our Service Leadership Position
-- Tegal
has been consistently recognized by our customers for providing a high level
of
customer support, a fact that has been noted by our top rankings for several
consecutive years in the annual survey conducted by VLSI Research, Inc. We
expect to maintain and build on this reputation as we seek new customers in
both
emerging and established markets.
Products
Etch
Technologies
Tegal’s
historical strength has been in plasma etch technologies. We currently offer
products that address widely divergent needs of semiconductor and nanotechnology
device manufacturers.
As
ICs
become increasingly complex, certain etch steps required to manufacture a state
of the art IC demand leading edge etch technology, where the ability to perform
the etch is more important than the cost of the tool. In other applications,
low
cost-of-ownership and high performance in routine process steps are essential.
Today,
the semiconductor industry is faced with the need to develop and adopt an
unprecedented number of new materials as conventional films are running out
of
the physical properties needed to support continuing shrinks in die size and
to
provide improved performance. Certain of these new materials present unique
etch
production problems. For example, the use of certain films, such as platinum,
iridium and Lead Zirconium Titanate (“PZT”), currently being used in the
development of non-volatile memories and integrated passive devices, is
presenting new challenges to semiconductor manufacturers. Magnetic random access
memory devices incorporate unique magnetic materials in the device structures,
as do certain proposed resistive random access memory devices. While these
new
films contribute to improved device performance and reduced die size, their
unique properties make them particularly difficult to etch and, therefore,
require more advanced etch process technologies.
6500
Series Etch Products
We
offer
several models of our 6500 series etch products configured to address film
types
and applications desired by our customers. We introduced the 6500 series tool
in
1994 and since that time have extended the product line to address new
applications including:
• new
high-K dielectrics and associated materials used in capacitors at sub-0.5 micron
for non-volatile memories and integrated passive devices;
• shallow
trench isolation used to isolate transistors driven by increased packing
densities used in memory devices employing design rules at or below 0.25
micron;
• sub-0.5
micron multi-layer metal films composed of aluminum/copper/silicon/titanium
alloys;
• sub-0.5
micron polysilicon;
• compound
semiconductor III-V materials; and
• leading
edge thin film head materials.
All
6500
Series Plasma Etch systems feature either Tegal's patented dual-frequency HRe™
CCP or Spectra™ ICP process module technology. The production tested cluster
platform design incorporated on all 6500 systems accommodates either one or
two
etch process modules for processing of 100 to 200mm wafers. Each module can
be
configured to run independent processes-optimizing flexibility, minimizing
downtime and maximizing wafer throughput. The 6500 system comes standard with
one vacuum cassette elevator for wafer input/output. Optionally, a second vacuum
cassette elevator or patented Rinse-Strip-Rinse™ corrosion passivation station
may be added within the standard frame. Each system incorporates full cluster
tool technology with the latest innovations in contamination control and factory
automation. We believe our 6500 Series systems have demonstrated their
effectiveness in addressing the challenges of etching new materials in a
production environment.
-
5
-
900
Series Etch Products
We
introduced our 900 series family of etch systems in 1984 as the advanced etch
tool of that era. Over the years, we have enhanced the 900 series family as
systems capable of performing certain routine etch steps required in the
production of silicon-based IC devices and, more recently, as etch tools for
advanced specialty devices such as gallium arsenide for high-speed
telecommunications devices. The 900 series etch systems are aimed at pad, zero
layer, non-selective nitride, backside, planarization and small flat panel
display applications, thin film etch applications used in the manufacture of
read-write heads for the disk drive industry and gallium arsenide and other
III-V materials used in high-speed digital wireless telecommunications
applications.
The
900ACSÔ
was
introduced in July 2000. This system has enhanced the functionality of the
900
series with added features such as user-friendly GUI (graphical user interface)
touch screens, better process control and an improved transport system that
increase efficiency, while preserving durability.
Deposition
Technologies
Certain deposition technologies or processes are better suited than others
for
depositing different types of films. PVD is used for both metallic thin film
deposition and, in reactive PVD processes, for dielectric thin film deposition.
An important application for PVD is the deposition of thin films where residual
film stress must be closely controlled in order to create specific desired
electrical results, as in precision thin film resistor fabrication, or to avoid
physically deforming the substrate, as in the fabrication of power MOS devices
on ultra-thin silicon wafers. We believe that enabling tight control of stress
and other process parameters, along with minimizing overall contamination levels
during PVD thin film deposition processes, is increasingly recognized by IC
manufacturers as key features that differentiate PVD tool products and PVD
tool
makers. We also believe these capabilities will be important to device makers
in
the related industries of compound semiconductor device fabrication, LED
fabrication, optical communication device manufacturing, in MEMS fabrication,
and in the field of wafer-level packaging processes for microelectronic
devices.
Our
established 200mm PVD technologies and the 300mm PVD technologies that we are
current developing address the following applications:
· |
dielectric
layers for surface acoustic wave (SAW) and film bulk acoustic resonators
(FBARs);
|
· |
chip
packaging technologies requiring stress control in multi-layer under
bump
metallization (UBM);
|
· |
IC
front side interconnect
metallization;
|
· |
Ohmic
contact formation and metallization of thinned wafers for high power
transistors;
|
· |
deposition
of thin film resistors with fine tuning of thermal capacitance of
resistance (TCR);
|
· |
barrier
and seed layer deposition in deep
vias;
|
· |
encapsulating
films for light emitting diodes
(LED);
|
· |
dielectric
layers for integrated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT);
and
|
· |
automobile
electronics requiring high adhesion properties of the backside metal
film
stacks.
|
Endeavor
PVDÔ
Products
We
offer
several models of our Endeavor PVD products configured to address film types
and
applications desired by the customer. We introduced the Endeavor series tool
in
1992 and since that time have expanded the product line to address new
applications. The Endeavor PVD cluster tool features our patented S-Gun™
magnetron sputtering source. The platform is designed to accept up to five
process modules including a wide array of both dielectric and metal sputtering
configurations in addition to plasma pre-clean modules. The transport system
can
accommodate 50 to 200mm wafers or 6" square reticles, in a unique "sputter-up"
orientation that is extremely gentle and reliable. The unique handling system
is
especially advantageous for backside metallization on delicate ultra-thin
silicon wafers, as it handles them without flipping or applying any mechanical
pressure. Each system incorporates state-of-the-art cluster tool technology
with
the latest innovations in contamination control and factory
automation.
AMS
Ô
PVD Products
As
a result of the
settlement of our litigation with AMS and others, the assets and know-how
related to a series of PVD system products were transferred to us on March
1,
2007. The AMS PVD systems are targeted specifically at the deposition of
aluminum nitride for BAW and FBAR filtering devices for cell phones and other
wireless devices, are the cornerstone of commercial RfMEMS fabrication today.
We
currently offer the AMS systems in two configurations.
-
6
-
Compact™
NLD
We
are currently
developing the Compact™ 360 NLD cluster tool as a new 200mm/300mm-capable bridge
tool that will serve as the introductory platform for Tegal's patented
Nano-Layer Deposition process. NLD is a unique cyclic MOCVD process for highly
conformal coatings that incorporates plasma film treatment with each deposition
cycle. This offers the benefits of atomic layer deposition with the potential
for a much higher deposition rate. NLD also offers the benefit of utilizing
common MOCVD precursor materials that are readily available for a wide variety
of metal, metal oxide and metal nitride films. The Tegal Compact platform can
accommodate all wafer sizes from 100 to 300mm in one, two or three process
module configurations, with a wide variety of front-end loadlock options
including FOUP and EFEM.
Customers
The
composition of our top five customers has changed from year to year, but net
system sales to our top five customers in each of fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005
accounted for 77.8%, 68.9%, and 80.0%, respectively, of our total net system
sales. ST Microelectronics and International Rectifier accounted for 43.1%
and
13.4% respectively, of our total revenue in fiscal 2007. ST Microelectronics
accounted for 54.3% of our total revenue in fiscal 2006. Fujitsu, Western
Digital, and RF Micro Devices accounted for 38.2%, 12.8% and 10.1% respectively,
of our net system sales in 2005. Other than these customers, no single customer
represented more than 10% of our total revenue in fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005.
Although the composition of the group comprising our largest customers may
vary
from year to year, the loss of a significant customer or any reduction in orders
by any significant customer, including reductions due to market, economic or
competitive conditions in the semiconductor and related device manufacturing
industry, would have a material adverse effect on us.
Backlog
We
schedule production of our systems based upon order backlog and customer
commitments. We include in our backlog only orders for which written purchase
orders have been accepted and shipment dates within the next 12 months have
been
assigned. As of March 31, 2007 and 2006, our order backlog was approximately
$1,172 and $6,138, respectively. Booked system orders are subject to
cancellation by the customer, but with substantial penalties except in the
case
of orders for evaluation systems or for systems that have not yet incurred
production costs. Orders may be subject to rescheduling with limited or no
penalty. Some orders are received for systems to be shipped in the same quarter
as the order is received. As a result, our backlog at any particular date is
not
necessarily indicative of actual sales for any succeeding period.
Marketing,
Sales and Service
We
sell
our systems worldwide through a network of five direct sales personnel and
two
independent sales representatives in sales offices located throughout the world.
In the United States, we market our systems through direct sales personnel
located in two regional sales offices located in San Jose, California and
Petaluma, California. In addition, we provide field service and applications
engineers through our regional locations and our Petaluma headquarters in order
to ensure dedicated technical and field process support throughout the United
States on short notice.
We
maintain direct sales, service and process support capabilities in the United
States, Germany, and Italy as well as through third-party representatives in
Japan, South Korea and Singapore. In addition to these international direct
sales and support organizations, we also market our systems through independent
sales representatives in Israel, India, Turkey, and China.
International
sales, which consist of export sales from the United States either directly
to
the end user or to one of our foreign subsidiaries, accounted for approximately
67%, 76%, and 70% of total revenue for fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005,
respectively.
Revenues
by region for each of the last three fiscal years were as follows:
|
Years
Ended March 31,
|
|||||||||
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||
United
States
|
$
|
7,398
|
$
|
5,142
|
$
|
4,445
|
||||
Asia,
excluding Japan
|
7,008
|
5,624
|
1,372
|
|||||||
Japan
|
2,042
|
2,312
|
6,312
|
|||||||
Germany
|
3,115
|
2,313
|
397
|
|||||||
Italy
|
1,474
|
386
|
498
|
|||||||
Europe,
excluding Germany and Italy
|
1,226
|
5,980
|
1,864
|
|||||||
Total
sales
|
$
|
22,263
|
$
|
21,757
|
$
|
14,888
|
-
7
-
We
generally sell our systems on 30-to-60 day credit terms to our domestic and
European customers. Customers in Asia, other than Japan, are generally required
to deliver a letter of credit payable in U.S. dollars upon system shipment.
Sales to other international customers, including Japan, are billed either
in
local currency or U.S. dollars. We anticipate that international sales will
continue to account for a significant portion of revenue in the foreseeable
future.
We
generally warrant our new systems for 12 months and our refurbished systems
for
6 months from shipment. Our field engineers provide customers with call-out
repair and maintenance services for a fee. Customers may also enter into repair
and maintenance service contracts covering our systems. We train customer
service engineers to perform routine services for a fee and provide telephone
consultation services generally for a fee.
The
sales
cycles for our systems vary depending upon whether the system is an initial
design-in, reorder or used equipment. Initial design-in sales cycles are
typically 12 to 18 months, particularly for 6500 and Endeavor series systems.
In
contrast, reorder sales cycles are typically 4 to 6 months, and used system
sales cycles are generally 1 to 3 months. The initial design-in sales cycle
begins with the generation of a sales lead, which is followed by qualification
of the lead, an analysis of the customer’s particular applications needs and
problems, one or more presentations to the customer (frequently including
extensive participation by our senior management), 2 to 3 wafer sample
demonstrations, followed by customer testing of the results and extensive
negotiations regarding the equipment’s process and reliability specifications.
Initial design-in sales cycles are monitored by senior management for correct
strategic approach and resource prioritization. We may, in some rare instances,
need to provide the customer with an evaluation system for 3 to 6 months prior
to the receipt of a firm purchase order.
Research
and Development
The
market for semiconductor capital equipment is characterized by rapid
technological change. We believe that continued and timely development of new
systems and enhancements to existing systems is necessary for us to maintain
our
competitive position. Accordingly, we devote a significant portion of our
personnel and financial resources to research and development programs and
seek
to maintain close relationships with our customers in order to be responsive
to
their system needs.
Our
research and development encompasses the following areas: plasma etch, physical
vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition (especially NLD) technologies,
process characterization and development, material sciences applicable to etch
and deposition environments, systems design and architecture, electro-mechanical
design and software engineering. We emphasize advanced plasma and reactor
chamber modeling capabilities in order to accelerate bringing advanced chamber
designs to market. We employ multi-discipline teams to facilitate short
engineering cycle times and rapid product development.
As
of
March 31, 2007, we had 20 full-time employees dedicated to equipment design
engineering, process support and research and development. Research and
development expenses for fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005 were $4,646, $4,753, and
$5,772, respectively, and represented 20.9%, 21.8%, and 38.8% of total revenue,
respectively. Such expenditures were primarily used for the development of
new
processes, continued enhancement and customization of existing systems,
processing customer samples in our demonstration labs and providing process
engineering support at customer sites. Additionally, we had in-process research
and development expense (“IPR&D”) of $1,653 which represented 11.1% of total
revenue for fiscal 2005 that was related to the acquisition of
FDSI.
Manufacturing
Both
our
etch and deposition systems are produced at our manufacturing facility in
Petaluma, California. Our manufacturing activities consist of assembling and
testing components and sub-assemblies, which are then integrated into finished
systems. We have structured our production facilities to be driven either by
orders or by forecasts and have adopted a modular system architecture to
increase assembly efficiency and design flexibility. We have also implemented
“just-in-time” manufacturing techniques in our assembly processes. Through the
use of such techniques, 900 series system manufacturing cycle times take
approximately 14 days and cycle times for our Endeavor systems and our 6500
series products take 2 to 3 months.
Competition
The
semiconductor capital equipment industry is highly competitive. Our principal
competitors are Applied Materials, Inc., Lam Research Corporation, Novellus
and
Tokyo Electron Limited. We believe that the principal competitive factor in
the
critical segments of the equipment industry is technical performance of the
system, followed closely by the existence of customer relationships, the system
price, the ability to provide service and technical support on a global basis
and other related cost factors. We believe that the principal competitive factor
in the non-critical segments of the equipment industry is system price, followed
closely by the technical performance of the system, the existence of established
customer relationships, the ability to provide service and technical support
on
a global basis and other related cost factors.
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Intellectual
Property
We
hold
an exclusive license or ownership of approximately 66 U.S. patents, including
both deposition and etch products, and approximately 15 corresponding foreign
patents covering various aspects of our systems. We have also applied for
approximately 25 additional U.S. patents and approximately 59 additional foreign
patents. Of these patents, a few expire as early as 2008, others expire as
late
as 2024 with the average expiration occurring in approximately 2020. We
believe
that the duration of such patents generally exceeds the life cycles of the
technologies disclosed and claimed therein. We believe that although the patents
we have exclusively licensed or hold directly will be of value, they will not
determine our success, which depends principally upon our engineering,
marketing, service and manufacturing skills. However, in the absence of patent
protection, we may be vulnerable to competitors who attempt to imitate our
systems, processes and manufacturing techniques. We have signed a non-exclusive
field of use license to two of our patents, relating to our strategic
application sets. In addition, other companies and inventors may receive patents
that contain claims applicable to our systems and processes. The sale of our
systems covered by such patents could require licenses that may not be available
on acceptable terms, if at all. We also rely on trade secrets and other
proprietary technology that we seek to protect, in part, through confidentiality
agreements with employees, vendors, consultants and other parties. There can
be
no assurance that these agreements will not be breached, that we will have
adequate remedies for any breach or that our trade secrets will not otherwise
become known to or independently developed by others.
The
original version of the system software for our 6500 series systems was jointly
developed by us and Realtime Performance, Inc., a third-party software vendor.
We hold a perpetual, non-exclusive, non-royalty-bearing license to use and
enhance this software. The enhanced version of the software currently used
on
our 6500 series systems has undergone multiple releases of the original
software, and such enhancements were developed exclusively by us. Neither the
software vendor nor any other party has any right to use our current release
of
the system software. However, we cannot make any assurances that this software
will not be illegally copied or reverse-engineered by either customers or third
parties.
Employees
As
of
March 31, 2007 we had a total of 70 regular employees, 9 part-time contract
personnel and 8 full-time contract personnel. Of our regular employees, 20
are
in engineering, and research and development, 17 are in manufacturing and
operations, 22 are in marketing, sales and customer service and support and
11
are in executive and administrative positions. Many of our employees are highly
skilled, and our success will
depend
in part upon our ability to attract, retain and develop such employees. Skilled
employees, especially employees with extensive technological backgrounds, remain
in demand. There can be no assurance we will be able to attract or retain the
skilled employees that may be necessary to continue our research and
development, manufacturing or marketing programs. The loss of any such persons,
as well as the failure to recruit additional key personnel in a timely manner,
could have a material adverse effect on us.
None
of
our employees are represented by a labor union or covered by a collective
bargaining agreement. We consider our employee relations to be
good.
Item
1A. Risk
Factors
We
wish to caution you that there are risks and uncertainties that could affect
our
business. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the
risks described below and elsewhere in this report, particularly in
“Forward-Looking Statements.” The following is not intended to be a complete
discussion of all potential risks or uncertainties, as it is not possible to
predict or identify all risk factors.
The
semiconductor industry is cyclical and may experience periodic downturns that
may negatively affect customer demand for our products and result in losses
such
as those experienced in the past.
Our
business depends upon the capital expenditures of semiconductor manufacturers,
which in turn depend on the current and anticipated market demand for ICs.
The
semiconductor industry is highly cyclical and historically has experienced
periodic downturns, which often have had a detrimental effect on the
semiconductor industry’s demand for semiconductor capital equipment, including
etch and deposition systems manufactured by us. In response to the current
prolonged industry slow-down, we have initiated a substantial cost containment
program and completed a corporate-wide restructuring to preserve our cash.
However, the need for continued investment in research and development, possible
capital equipment requirements and extensive ongoing customer service and
support requirements worldwide will continue to limit our ability to reduce
expenses in response to the current and any future downturns. As a result,
we
may continue to experience operating losses such as those we have experienced
in
the past, which could materially adversely affect us.
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9
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Our
competitors have greater financial resources and greater name recognition than
we do and therefore may compete more successfully in the semiconductor capital
equipment industry than we can.
We
believe that to be competitive, we will require significant financial resources
in order to offer a broad range of systems, to maintain customer service and
support centers worldwide and to invest in research and development. Many of
our
existing and potential competitors, including Applied Materials, Inc., Lam
Research Corporation, Novellus and Tokyo Electron Limited, have substantially
greater financial resources, more extensive engineering, manufacturing,
marketing and customer service and support capabilities, larger installed bases
of current generation etch, deposition and other production equipment and
broader process equipment offerings, as well as greater name recognition than
we
do. We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully against
these companies in the United States or worldwide.
Our
customers are concentrated and therefore the loss of a significant customer
may
harm our business.
The
composition of our top five customers has changed from year to year, but net
system sales to our top five customers in each of fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005
accounted for 77.8%, 68.9%, and 80.0% respectively, of our total net system
sales. ST Microelectronics and International Rectifier accounted for 43.1%
and
13.4%, respectively, of our total revenue in fiscal 2007. ST Microelectronics
accounted for 54.3% of our total revenue in fiscal 2006. Fujitsu, Western
Digital, and RF Micro Devices accounted for 38.2%, 12.8% and 10.1%,
respectively, of our net system sales in 2005. Other than these customers,
no
single customer represented more than 10% of our total revenue in fiscal 2007,
2006, and 2005. Although the composition of the group comprising our largest
customers may vary from year to year, the loss of a significant customer or
any
reduction in orders by any significant customer, including reductions due to
market, economic or competitive conditions in the semiconductor and related
device manufacturing industry, would have a material adverse effect on
us.
Our
potential customers may not adopt our products because of their significant
cost
or because our potential customers are already using a competitor’s tool.
A
substantial investment is required to install and integrate capital equipment
into a semiconductor production line. Additionally, we believe that once a
device manufacturer has selected a particular vendor’s capital equipment, that
manufacturer generally relies upon that vendor’s equipment for that specific
production line application and, to the extent possible, subsequent generations
of that vendor’s systems. Accordingly, it may be extremely difficult to achieve
significant sales to a particular customer once that customer has selected
another vendor’s capital equipment unless there are compelling reasons to do so,
such as significant performance or cost advantages. Any failure to gain access
and achieve sales to new customers will adversely affect the successful
commercial adoption of our products and could have a material adverse effect
on
us.
We
depend on sales of our advanced products to customers that may not fully adopt
our product for production use.
We
have
designed our advanced etch and deposition products for customer applications
in
emerging new films, polysilicon and metal which we believe to be the leading
edge of critical applications for the production of advanced semiconductor
and
other microelectronic devices. Revenue from the sale of our advanced etch and
deposition systems accounted for 69%, 69%, and 30% of total revenue in fiscal
2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. Our advanced systems are currently being
used primarily for research and development activities or low volume production.
For our advanced systems to achieve full market adoption, our customers must
utilize these systems for volume production. We cannot assure you that the
market for devices incorporating emerging films, polysilicon or metal will
develop as quickly or to the degree we expect. If our advanced systems do not
achieve significant sales or volume production due to a lack of full customer
adoption, we will be materially adversely affected.
We
have incurred operating losses and may not be profitable in the future and
our
plans to maintain and increase liquidity may not be
successful.
We
incurred net losses of $13.2 million, $8.9 million, and $15.4 million for the
years ended March 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively, and generated (used)
cash flows from operations of $12.8 million, ($11.6) million, and ($7.5) million
in these respective years. We have raised approximately $18.4 million from
the
sale of stock and warrants to institutional investors in fiscal 2006. While
we
believe that these proceeds, combined with a projected increase in sales,
consolidation of certain operations and continued cost containment will be
adequate to fund operations through fiscal year 2008, if the projected sales
do
not materialize, we will need to reduce expenses further and raise additional
capital through the issuance of debt or equity securities. If additional funds
are raised through the issuance of preferred stock or debt, these securities
could have rights, privileges or preferences senior to those of our common
stock, and debt covenants could impose restrictions on our operations. Moreover,
such financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all.
Failure to raise any needed funds would materially adversely affect us.
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Our
quarterly operating results may continue to fluctuate.
Our
revenue and operating results have fluctuated and are likely to continue to
fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter, and we cannot assure you that
we will achieve profitability in the future.
Our
900
series etch systems typically sell for prices ranging between $250,000 and
$600,000, while prices of our 6500 series critical etch systems and our Endeavor
deposition system typically range between $1.8 million and $3.0 million. To
the
extent we are successful in selling our 6500 and Endeavor series systems, the
sale of a small number of these systems will probably account for a substantial
portion of revenue in future quarters, and a transaction for a single system
could have a substantial impact on revenue and gross margin for a given
quarter.
Other
factors that could affect our quarterly operating results include:
· |
our
timing of new systems and technology announcements and releases and
ability to transition between product
versions;
|
· |
seasonal
fluctuations in sales;
|
· |
changes
in the mix of our revenues represented by our various products and
customers;
|
· |
adverse
changes in the level of economic activity in the United States or
other
major economies in which we do
business;
|
· |
foreign
currency exchange rate
fluctuations;
|
· |
expenses
related to, and the financial impact of, possible acquisitions of
other
businesses; and
|
· |
changes
in the timing of product orders due to unexpected delays in the
introduction of our customers’ products, due to lifecycles of our
customers’ products ending earlier than expected or due to market
acceptance of our customers’
products.
|
Some
of our sales cycles are lengthy, exposing us to the risks of inventory
obsolescence and fluctuations in operating results.
Sales
of
our systems depend, in significant part, upon the decision of a prospective
customer to add new manufacturing capacity or to expand existing manufacturing
capacity, both of which typically involve a significant capital commitment.
We
often experience delays in finalizing system sales following initial system
qualification while the customer evaluates and receives approvals for the
purchase of our systems and completes a new or expanded facility. Due to these
and other factors, our systems typically have a lengthy sales cycle (often
12 to
18 months in the case of critical etch and deposition systems) during which
we
may expend substantial funds and management effort. Lengthy sales cycles subject
us to a number of significant risks, including inventory obsolescence and
fluctuations in operating results over which we have little or no
control.
Because
technology changes rapidly, we may not be able to introduce our products in
a
timely enough fashion.
The
semiconductor manufacturing industry is subject to rapid technological change
and new system introductions and enhancements. We believe that our future
success depends on our ability to continue to enhance our existing systems
and
their process capabilities, and to develop and manufacture in a timely manner
new systems with improved process capabilities. We may incur substantial
unanticipated costs to ensure product functionality and reliability early in
our
products’ life cycles. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in the
introduction and volume manufacture of new systems or that we will be able
to
develop and introduce, in a timely manner, new systems or enhancements to our
existing systems and processes which satisfy customer needs or achieve market
adoption.
Our
financial performance may adversely affect the morale and performance of our
personnel and our ability to hire new personnel.
Our
common stock has declined in value below the exercise price of many options
granted to employees pursuant to our stock option plans. Thus, the intended
benefits of the stock options granted to our employees, the creation of
performance and retention incentives, may not be realized. As a result, we
may
lose employees whom we would prefer to retain and may have difficulty in hiring
new employees to replace them. As a result of these factors, our remaining
personnel may seek employment with larger, more established companies or
companies perceived as having less volatile stock prices. The loss of any
significant employee or a large number of employees over a short period of
time
could have a material adverse effect on us.
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11
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We
may not be able to protect our intellectual property or obtain licenses for
third parties’ intellectual property and therefore we may be exposed to
liability for infringement or the risk that our operations may be adversely
affected.
Although
we attempt to protect our intellectual property rights through patents,
copyrights, trade secrets and other measures, we may not be able to protect
our
technology adequately and competitors may be able to develop similar technology
independently. Additionally, patent applications that we may file may not be
issued and foreign intellectual property laws may not protect our intellectual
property rights. There is also a risk that patents licensed by or issued to
us
will be challenged, invalidated or circumvented and that the rights granted
thereunder will not provide competitive advantages to us. Furthermore, others
may independently develop similar systems, duplicate our systems or design
around the patents licensed by or issued to us.
Litigation
to protect our intellectual property could result in substantial cost and
diversion of effort by us, which by itself could have a material adverse effect
on our financial condition, operating results and cash flows. Further, adverse
determinations in such litigation could result in our loss of proprietary
rights, subject us to significant liabilities to third parties, require us
to
seek licenses from third parties or prevent us from manufacturing or selling
our
systems. In addition, licenses under third parties’ intellectual property rights
may not be available on reasonable terms, if at all.
We
are exposed to additional risks associated with international sales and
operations.
International
sales accounted for 67%, 76%, and 70% of total revenue for fiscal 2007, 2006,
and 2005 , respectively. International sales are subject to certain risks,
including the imposition of government controls, fluctuations in the U.S. dollar
(which could increase the sales price in local currencies of our systems in
foreign markets), changes in export license and other regulatory requirements,
tariffs and other market barriers, political and economic instability, potential
hostilities, restrictions on the export or import of technology, difficulties
in
accounts receivable collection, difficulties in managing representatives,
difficulties in staffing and managing international operations and potentially
adverse tax consequences. We cannot assure you that any of these factors will
not have a detrimental effect on our operations, financial results and cash
flows.
We
cannot
assure you that our future results of operations and cash flows will not be
adversely affected by foreign currency fluctuations. In addition, the laws
of
certain countries in which our products are sold may not provide our products
and intellectual property rights with the same degree of protection as the
laws
of the United States.
Evolving
regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure may result in
additional expenses and continuing uncertainty.
Changing
laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public
disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, new Securities
and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regulations and Nasdaq Market rules are
creating uncertainty for public companies. We continually evaluate and monitor
developments with respect to new and proposed rules and cannot predict or
estimate the amount of the additional costs we may incur or the timing of such
costs. These new or changed laws, regulations and standards are subject to
varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and
as
a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance
is
provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing
uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by
ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We are committed
to
maintaining high standards of corporate governance and public disclosure. As
a
result, we have invested resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations
and
standards, and this investment may result in increased general and
administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from
revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply
with new or changed laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities
intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to
practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us
and
we may be materially adversely affected.
Our
stock price is volatile and could result in a material decline in the value
of
your investment in Tegal.
We
believe that factors such as announcements of developments related to our
business, fluctuations in our operating results, sales of our common stock
into
the marketplace, failure to meet or changes in analysts’ expectations, general
conditions in the semiconductor industry or the worldwide economy, announcements
of technological innovations or new products or enhancements by us or our
competitors, developments in patents or other intellectual property rights,
developments in our relationships with our customers and suppliers, natural
disasters and outbreaks of hostilities could cause the price of our common
stock
to fluctuate substantially. In addition, in recent years the stock market in
general, and the market for shares of small capitalization stocks in particular,
have experienced extreme price fluctuations, which have often been unrelated
to
the operating performance of affected companies. We cannot assure you that
the
market price of our common stock will not experience significant fluctuations
in
the future, including fluctuations that are unrelated to our
performance.
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12
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The
exercise of outstanding warrants, options and other rights to obtain additional
shares will dilute the value of our shares of common stock and could cause
the
price of our shares of common stock to decline.
As
of
March 31, 2007, there were 7,106,867 shares
of
our common stock issued and outstanding, approximately 3,394,204 shares of
our
common stock reserved for issuance of shares issuable upon exercise of
outstanding warrants, and shares underlying equity awards created or available
for grant under our equity incentive plans, and shares available under our
stock
purchase plan.
The exercise of these warrants and options and the issuance of the common stock pursuant to our equity incentive plans will result in dilution in the value of the shares of our outstanding common stock and the voting power represented thereby. In addition, the exercise price of the warrants may be lowered under the price adjustment provisions in the event of a “dilutive issuance,” that is, if we issue common stock at any time prior to their maturity at a per share price below such conversion or exercise price, either directly or in connection with the issuance of securities that are convertible into, or exercisable for, shares of our common stock. A reduction in the exercise price may result in the issuance of a significant number of additional shares upon the exercise of the warrants.
The
outstanding warrants do not establish a “floor” that would limit reductions in
such conversion price or exercise price. The downward adjustment of the exercise
price of these warrants could result in further dilution in the value of the
shares of our outstanding common stock and the voting power represented
thereby.
No
prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that future sales of shares
of
our common stock, or the availability of shares for future sale, will have
on
the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. Sales of
substantial amounts of shares of our common stock in the public market, or
the
perception that such sales could occur, may adversely affect the market price
of
our common stock and may make it more difficult for us to sell our equity
securities in the future at a time and price which we deem appropriate.
To
the
extent our stockholders and the other holders of our warrants and options
exercise such securities and then sell the shares of our common stock they
receive upon exercise, our stock price may decrease due to the additional amount
of shares available in the market. The subsequent sales of these shares could
encourage short sales by our securityholders and others, which could place
further downward pressure on our stock price. Moreover, holders of these
warrants and options may hedge their positions in our common stock by shorting
our common stock, which could further adversely affect our stock
price.
Potential
disruption of our supply of materials required to build our systems could have
a
negative effect on our operations and damage our customer
relationships.
Materials
delays have not been significant in recent years. Nevertheless, we procure
certain components and sub-assemblies included in our systems from a limited
group of suppliers, and occasionally from a single source supplier. For example,
we depend on MECS Corporation, a robotic equipment supplier, as the sole source
for the robotic arm used in all of our 6500 series systems. We currently have
no
existing supply contract with MECS Corporation, and we currently purchase all
robotic assemblies from MECS Corporation on a purchase order basis. Disruption
or termination of certain of these sources, including our robotic sub-assembly
source, could have an adverse effect on our operations and damage our
relationship with our customers.
Any
failure by us to comply with environmental regulations imposed on us could
subject us to future liabilities.
We
are
subject to a variety of governmental regulations related to the use, storage,
handling, discharge or disposal of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous
chemicals used in our manufacturing process. We believe that we are currently
in
compliance in all material respects with these regulations and that we have
obtained all necessary environmental permits generally relating to the discharge
of hazardous wastes to conduct our business. Nevertheless, our failure to comply
with present or future regulations could result in additional or corrective
operating costs, suspension of production, alteration of our manufacturing
processes or cessation of our operations.
Item
1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item
2. Properties
We
maintain our headquarters, encompassing our executive office, manufacturing,
engineering and research and development operations, in one leased 39,717 square
foot facility in Petaluma, California. We have a primary lease which expires
in
2008 with an option to extend for an additional two years. Other than certain
large pieces of capital equipment leased by us, we own substantially all of
the
machinery and equipment used in our facilities.
We
have
office space in a leased 13,300 square foot facility in San Jose, California.
We
have a sublease agreement for the premises, signed on December 30, 2005, which
expires on January 31, 2008. In addition, we have a primary lease for the same
premises which commences on February 1, 2008 and expires on January 31, 2010.
We
lease
a 2,400 square foot facility in Goleta, California for technical support related
to our Sputtered Films deposition tools which expired on April 30, 2007.
We
lease
sales, service and process support space in Munich, Germany.
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13
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Item
3. Legal
Proceedings
Sputtered
Films, Inc. v. Advanced Modular Sputtering, et al., filed in Santa Barbara
County Superior Court.
On
December 22, 2003, Sputtered Films, Inc. ("SFI"), a wholly owned subsidiary
of
the Company, filed an action against two former employees, Sergey Mishin and
Rose Stuart-Curran, and a company they formed after leaving their employment
with SFI named Advanced Modular Sputtering, Inc. ("AMS"). Sergey Mishin and
Rose
Stuart-Curran had each signed confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements
regarding information obtained while employed by SFI. The action contains causes
of action for specific performance, breach of contract, breach of the covenant
of good faith and fair dealing, misappropriation of trade secrets, unfair
competition, unfair business practices, interference with prospective economic
advantage, conversion, unjust enrichment, and declaratory relief. These claims
arise out of information SFI received evidencing that AMS possessed and used
SFI's confidential, proprietary and trade secret drawings, specifications and
technology to manufacture the sputtering tool marketed by AMS.
During
2004 and 2005, this litigation was largely stalled while AMS and Agilent
Technologies, Inc. contested SFI's right to conduct discovery. This dispute
was
resolved in late 2005 when the California Court of Appeal affirmed SFI's trade
secret identification as statutorily sufficient. On November 18, 2005, SFI
requested leave to add Agilent Technologies, Inc. ("Agilent") as a defendant
based on evidence that Agilent and AMS co-developed the machines which SFI
contends were built using SFI proprietary information. The Court granted SFI's
request and Agilent was served as a Doe defendant on December 12, 2005. In
early
December, SFI learned that Agilent transferred its Semiconductor Products Group
to a number of Avago entities effective December 1, 2005, and accordingly SFI
sought and received court approval to add Avago Technologies U.S., Inc. and
Avago Technologies Wireless (U.S.A.) Manufacturing, Inc (collectively the "Avago
Entities") as defendant in this action. On April 25, 2006, the Avago Entities
filed a Cross-Complaint against SFI and Tegal Corporation alleging causes of
action for breach of contract, trade secret misappropriation, unfair
competition, conversion, unjust enrichment and declaratory relief. The
Cross-Complaint alleges on information and belief that SFI misused information
obtained from Hewlett-Packard in connection with Hewlett-Packard's request
to
purchase SFI machines or to upgrade SFI machines Hewlett-Packard already owned.
On
November 13, 2006, following commencement of the trial, all the parties in
the
litigation agreed on terms of a settlement, which was filed with the court.
Among other things, the settlement called for the transfer of assets related
to
PVD technology from AMS to SFI and the dissolution of AMS as of March 1, 2007.
The Avago Cross-Complaint was also dismissed as part of the settlement. A final
confidential settlement and release of claims was executed among the parties
on
December 21, 2006.
The
two
law firms representing SFI in this matter claim they are entitled, as a result
of the settlement, to receive contingent fees from us and SFI. Keker & Van
Nest LLP (“KVN”) claims fees in the amount of $6,717; Gonzalez & Leigh LLP
(“G&L”) claims fees in the amount of $2,249. We have initiated proceedings
with the Bar Association of San Francisco (“BASF”), pursuant to California
statutes, to dispute the claims of both firms. KVN has filed suit against us
and
SFI in San Francisco Superior Court, the action is stayed pending completion
of
the BASF proceedings. G&L has not filed suit. We have identified legal and
factual defenses to substantial elements of both claims and are vigorously
contesting the claims.
As
a
result of the dispute described above, as of March 31, 2007, we had placed
$19,500, representing the gross cash proceeds from the recent settlement of
this
litigation into suspense. Since the amount in dispute cannot be determined
with
reasonable certainty until the dispute is resolved, we have elected to suspend
the entire amount, in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No
5,
“Accounting for Contingencies.”
Other
We
are
involved in other legal proceedings in the normal course of business and do
not
expect them to have a material adverse effect on our business.
Item
4. Submission
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No
matter
was submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of fiscal
year 2007.
-
14
-
PART
II
Item
5. Market
for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities
Since
May
6, 2003, our common stock has traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the
symbol TGAL. Prior to this date, our common stock traded on the NASDAQ National
Market since October 19, 1995. The following table sets forth the range of
high
and low sales prices for our common stock for each quarter during the prior
two
fiscal years.
The
stock price gives effect to a 1-for-12 reverse stock split that we effected
on
July 25, 2006.
|
High
|
Low
|
|||||
FISCAL
YEAR 2006
First
Quarter
|
$
|
16.20
|
$
|
12.00
|
|||
Second
Quarter
|
11.64
|
7.68
|
|||||
Third
Quarter
|
9.00
|
6.24
|
|||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
7.92
|
6.00
|
|||||
FISCAL
YEAR 2007
First
Quarter
|
$
|
8.52
|
$
|
4.32
|
|||
Second
Quarter
|
4.80
|
3.68
|
|||||
Third
Quarter
|
6.47
|
3.69
|
|||||
Fourth
Quarter
|
6.13
|
4.65
|
The
approximate number of holders on record of our common stock as of March 31,
2007
was
173. We have not paid any cash dividends since our inception and do not
anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Equity
Compensation Plan Information
Plan
Category
|
Number
of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options and
restricted stock awards
(a)
|
Weighted-average
exercise price of outstanding options
(b)
|
Number
of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity
compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column
(a))
(c)
|
|||||||
Equity
compensation Plans approved by security holders:
|
||||||||||
Equity
Incentive Plan
|
1,041
|
$
|
55.56
|
—
|
||||||
1990
Stock Option Plan
|
4,490
|
62.22
|
—
|
|||||||
1998
Equity Participation Plan
|
871,165
|
11.00
|
619,236
|
|||||||
Directors
Stock Option Plan
|
131,029
|
9.87
|
199,388
|
|||||||
Total
|
1,007,725
|
10.80
|
818,624
|
Warrants
Outstanding
Year
Ended March 31,
|
||||||||||
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
||||||||
Number
of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding
warrants
|
1,527,784
|
1,647,633
|
359,413
|
|||||||
Weighted-average
exercise price of outstanding warrants
|
$
|
12.60
|
$
|
13.44
|
$
|
19.44
|
-
15
-
Item
6. Selected
Financial Data
|
Year
Ended March 31,
|
|||||||||||||||
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
|||||||||||
(In
thousands, except per share data)
|
||||||||||||||||
Consolidated
Statements of Operations Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
Revenue
|
$
|
22,263
|
$
|
21,757
|
$
|
14,888
|
$
|
16,528
|
$
|
14,100
|
||||||
Gross
profit (loss)
|
5,527
|
6,016
|
3,267
|
4,647
|
(66
|
)
|
||||||||||
Operating
loss
|
(13,375
|
)
|
(8,839
|
)
|
(13,522
|
)
|
(7,180
|
)
|
(12,617
|
)
|
||||||
Net
loss
|
(13,213
|
)
|
(8,880
|
)
|
(15,363
|
)
|
(12,602
|
)
|
(12,625
|
)
|
||||||
Net
loss per share: (1)
Basic
and Diluted
|
$
|
(1.87
|
)
|
$
|
(1.50
|
)
|
$
|
(3.93
|
)
|
$
|
(6.74
|
)
|
$
|
(9.89
|
)
|
|
Shares
used in per share computation:
|
||||||||||||||||
Basic
and Diluted
|
7,065
|
5,903
|
3,907
|
1,870
|
1,276
|
|||||||||||
|
March
31,
|
|||||||||||||||
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
|||||||||||
|
(In
thousands, except per share data)
|
|||||||||||||||
Consolidated
Balance Sheet Data:
|
||||||||||||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
25,776
|
$
|
13,787
|
$
|
7,093
|
$
|
7,049
|
$
|
912
|
||||||
Working
capital
|
11,729
|
22,579
|
8,056
|
8,823
|
5,041
|
|||||||||||
Total
assets
|
41,656
|
31,491
|
20,092
|
22,658
|
17,209
|
|||||||||||
Debt
obligations (excluding capital leases, and litigation suspense,
convertible debentures)
|
13
|
13
|
159
|
2,450
|
426
|
|||||||||||
Stockholders’
equity
|
14,417
|
26,040
|
13,300
|
14,955
|
11,123
|
(1) |
See
Note 3 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for an explanation
of the
computation of earnings per share.
|
-
16
-
Item
7. Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
All
dollar amounts are in thousands unless specified otherwise.
Share
and per share amounts give effect to the 1-for-12 reverse stock split effected
on July 25, 2006
Company
Overview
Tegal
Corporation designs, manufactures, markets and services plasma etch and
deposition systems that enable the production of micro-electrical mechanical
systems (“MEMS”), memory devices, integrated circuits (“ICs”), memory and other
related microelectronics devices used primarily in wireless voice and data
telecommunications, power devices, contact-less transaction devices, radio
frequency identification devices (“RFIDs”), smart cards, data storage and
micro-level actuators. Etching and deposition constitute two of the principal
IC
and related device production process steps and each must be performed numerous
times in the production of such devices.
Our
business objective is to utilize the technologies that we have developed
internally or acquired externally in order to increase our market share in
process equipment for both semiconductor manufacturing and nanotechnology device
fabrication. In the recent past, we have focused on etching new materials that
are especially important to the miniaturization of certain types of capacitors
and the precise deposition processes required for certain filtering devices,
both driven primarily by cell phones and wireless applications. We have
implemented this strategy primarily by engaging in research and development
activities on behalf of our customers that our more established competitors
were
unwilling or unable to perform. Many of these advanced devices promise
substantial returns as consumer demand for certain functions grows and new
markets are created. However, the timing of the emergence of such demand, and
the adaptation of the devices by consumer product companies is highly uncertain.
In addition, the successful integration by our customers of all of the various
technical processes required to manufacture a device at an acceptable cost
is
also highly uncertain. As a result of our inability to accurately predict the
timing of the emergence of these markets, our sales have declined since the
mid-1990’s and have increased only recently. Nevertheless, our costs for
maintaining our research and development efforts, service and manufacturing
infrastructure have remained relatively constant or in some cases have
increased.
At
the
present time, we are transitioning Tegal from a dependence on these highly
unpredictable markets to more established equipment markets, where our success
is dependent more on our ability to apply successfully our engineering
capabilities to solving existing manufacturing problems. We are carefully
managing this transition by limiting our research and development efforts to
the
most promising near-term sales opportunities, while at the same time redirecting
all our available resources toward new products aimed at established equipment
markets. Because of our relatively small size, our ability to meet the needs
of
individual customers is far more important to our success than either macro
economic factors or industry-wide factors such as cyclicality, although both
of
these areas have some effect on our performance as well. As a result, our
methods of evaluating our progress are highly customer focused.
With our current products, we believe that we have sufficient opportunities
in
both emerging and existing markets to allow us to continue a sales growth
pattern in the coming year. Equally important is the reduction of operating
costs. In the coming year, as in the past 12 months, we are aiming to achieve
savings in operating costs by focusing on the most promising opportunities
while
limiting our exposure to others, consolidating our operating facilities,
outsourcing non-critical activities, and reducing our headcount as we strive
to
improve operational efficiency.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our
discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations
are
based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared
in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of
America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make
estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities,
revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those
related to revenue recognition, bad debts, sales returns allowance, inventory,
intangible and long lived assets, warranty obligations, restructure expenses,
deferred taxes and freight charged to customers. We base our estimates on
historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for
making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are
not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these
estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We
believe the following critical accounting policies are the most significant
to
the presentation of our consolidated financial statements:
-
17
-
Revenue
Recognition
Each
sale
of our equipment is evaluated on an individual basis in regard to revenue
recognition. We have integrated in our evaluation the related interpretative
guidance included in Topic 13 of the codification of staff accounting bulletins,
and recognize the role of the Emerging Issue Task Force (“EITF”) consensus on
Issue 00-21. We first refer to EITF 00-21 in order to determine if there is
more
than one unit of accounting and then we refer to SAB104 for revenue recognition
topics for the unit of accounting. We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence
of an arrangement exists, the seller’s price is fixed or determinable and
collectibility is reasonably assured.
For
products produced according to our published specifications, where no
installation is required or installation is deemed perfunctory and no
substantive customer acceptance provisions exist, revenue is recognized when
title passes to the customer, generally upon shipment. Installation is not
deemed to be essential to the functionality of the equipment since installation
does not involve significant changes to the features or capabilities of the
equipment or the building of complex interfaces and connections. In addition,
the equipment could be installed by the customer or other vendors and generally
the cost of installation approximates only 1% of the sales value of the related
equipment.
For
products produced according to a particular customer’s specifications, revenue
is recognized when the product has been tested and it has been demonstrated
that
it meets the customer’s specifications and title passes to the customer. The
amount of revenue recorded is reduced by the amount (generally 10%), which
is
not payable by the customer until installation is completed and final customer
acceptance is achieved.
For
new
products, new applications of existing products, or for products with
substantive customer acceptance provisions where performance cannot be fully
assessed prior to meeting customer specifications at the customer site, 100%
of
revenue is recognized upon completion of installation and receipt of final
customer acceptance. Since title to goods generally passes to the customer
upon
shipment and 90% of the contract amount becomes payable at that time, inventory
is relieved and accounts receivable is recorded for the entire contract amount.
The revenue on these transactions is deferred and recorded as deferred revenue.
As of March 31, 2007 and 2006 deferred revenue as related to systems was $1,039
and $455. We reserve for warranty costs at the time the related revenue is
recognized.
Revenue
related to sales of spare parts is recognized upon shipment. Revenue related
to
maintenance and service contracts is recognized ratably over the duration of
the
contracts. Unearned maintenance and service revenue is included in deferred
revenue. As of March 31, 2007 and 2006 $25 and $22 of deferred revenue was
related to service contracts.
Our
return policy is for spare parts and components only. A right of return does
not
exist for systems. Customers are allowed to return spare parts if they are
defective upon receipt. The potential returns are offset against gross revenue
on a monthly basis. Management reviews outstanding requests for returns on
a
quarterly basis to determine that the reserves are adequate.
Accounts
Receivable - Allowance for Sales Returns and Doubtful
Accounts
We
maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for estimated losses
resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. We
consider the aging of individual customer accounts and determine, according
to
corporate policy, which accounts should be included in the reserve for doubtful
accounts. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate,
or
even a single customer was otherwise unable to make payments, additional
allowances may be required and may materially affect our consolidated financial
position.
Inventories
Inventories
are stated at the lower of cost or market, reduced by provisions for excess
and
obsolescence. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual
cost on a first-in, first-out basis and includes material, labor and
manufacturing overhead costs. We estimate the effects of excess and obsolescence
on the carrying values of our inventories based upon estimates of future demand
and market conditions. We establish provisions for related inventories in excess
of production demand. Should actual production demand differ from our estimates,
additional inventory write-downs may be required. Any excess and obsolete
provision is released only if and when the related inventories is sold or
scrapped.
We
periodically analyze any systems that are in finished goods inventory to
determine if they are suitable for current customer requirements. At the present
time, our policy is that, if after approximately 18 months, we determine that
a
sale will not take place within the next 12 months and the system would be
useable for customer demonstrations or training, it is transferred to fixed
assets. Otherwise, it is expensed.
The
carrying value of systems used for demonstrations or training is determined
by
assessing the cost of the components that are suitable for sale. Any parts
that
may be rendered unsaleable as a result of such use are removed from the system
and are not included in finished goods inventory. The remaining saleable parts
are valued at the lower of cost or market, representing the system’s net
realizable value. The depreciation period for systems that are transferred
to
fixed assets is determined based on the age of the system and its remaining
useful life (typically five to eight years).
-
18
-
Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived
assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. These indicators
may
include, but are not limited to, significant decreases in the market value
of an
asset and significant changes in the extent or manner in which an asset is
used.
If undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying value
of
the assets, an impairment loss is recognized based on the excess of the carrying
amount over the fair value of the assets. No impairment charge has been recorded
for the years ended 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
Warranty
Obligations
We
provide for the estimated cost of our product warranties at the time revenue
is
recognized. Our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates,
material usage rates and the efficiency by which the product failure is
corrected. The warranty reserve is based on historical cost data related to
warranty. Should actual product failure rates, material usage rates and labor
efficiencies differ from our estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty
liability may be required.
Accounting
for Restructure Expenses
There
were no severance charges and no outstanding liability during fiscal year ended
March 31, 2007.
During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2006, we recorded a severance charge of
approximately $271 related to staff reductions of 17 employees, of which
approximately $168 was classified as cost of sales, $81 as engineering, process
and development and $22 sales, marketing and general and administrative
expenses. We had an outstanding severance liability of approximately $15 as
of
March 31, 2006.
During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, we recorded a severance charge of
approximately $129 related to staff reductions of 19 employees, of which
approximately $19 was classified as cost of sales, $18 as research and
development and $92 as sales, marketing and general and administrative expenses.
We had an outstanding severance liability of approximately $63 as of March
31,
2005.
Deferred Taxes
We
record
a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that
is
more likely than not to be realized. Based on the uncertainty of future taxable
income, we have fully reserved our deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2007
and
2006. In the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize our
deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset
would
increase income in the period such determination was made.
Accounting
for Freight Charged to Customers
Spares
and systems are typically shipped “freight collect,” therefore no shipping
revenue or cost is associated with the sale. When freight is charged, it is
booked to revenue and offset for the cost of that freight in the cost of revenue
accounts pursuant to Financial Accounting Standard Board's ("FASB") EITF
00-10.
-
19
-
Results
of Operations
The
following table sets forth certain financial items for the years
indicated:
Year
Ended March 31,
|
||||||||||
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|||||
(In
thousands)
|
||||||||||
Revenue
|
$
|
22,263
|
$
|
21,757
|
$
|
14,888
|
||||
Cost
of revenue
|
16,736
|
15,741
|
11,621
|
|||||||
Gross
profit
|
5,527
|
6,016
|
3,267
|
|||||||
Operating
expenses:
|
||||||||||
Research
and development expenses
|
4,646
|
4,753
|
5,772
|
|||||||
Sales
and marketing expenses
|
3,909
|
2,963
|
2,905
|
|||||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
10,347
|
7,139
|
6,459
|
|||||||
In-process
research and development
|
─
|
─
|
1,653
|
|||||||
Total
operating expenses
|
18,902
|
14,855
|
16,789
|
|||||||
Operating
loss
|
(13,375
|
)
|
(8,839
|
)
|
(13,522
|
)
|
||||
Interest
income (expense), net
|
643
|
291
|
(2,064
|
)
|
||||||
Other
income (expense), net
|
(481
|
)
|
(864
|
)
|
223
|
|||||
Total
other income (expense) net
|
162
|
(573
|
)
|
(1,841
|
)
|
|||||
Income
taxes
|
─
|
532
|
─
|
|||||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(13,213
|
)
|
$
|
(8,880
|
)
|
$
|
(15,363
|
)
|
The
following table sets forth certain financial data for the years indicated as
a
percentage of revenue:
|
Year
ended March 31,
|
|||||||||
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||
Revenue
|
100.0
|
%
|
100.0
|
%
|
100.0
|
%
|
||||
Cost
of revenue
|
75.2
|
72.3
|
78.1
|
|||||||
Gross
profit
|
24.8
|
27.7
|
21.9
|
|||||||
Operating
expenses:
|
||||||||||
Research
and development expenses
|
20.9
|
21.8
|
38.8
|
|||||||
Sales
and marketing expenses
|
17.6
|
13.6
|
19.5
|
|||||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
46.5
|
32.8
|
43.3
|
|||||||
In-process
research and development
|
─
|
─
|
11.1
|
|||||||
Total
operating expenses
|
85.0
|
68.2
|
112.7
|
|||||||
Operating
loss
|
(60.2
|
)
|
(40.5
|
)
|
(90.8
|
)
|
||||
Interest
income (expense), net
|
3.0
|
1.3
|
(13.9
|
)
|
||||||
Other
income (expense), net
|
(2.1
|
)
|
(3.9
|
)
|
1.5
|
|||||
Income
taxes
|
─
|
2.3
|
─
|
|||||||
Net
loss
|
(59.3
|
)%
|
(40.8
|
)%
|
(103.2
|
)%
|
Years
Ended March 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
Revenue
Our
revenue is derived from sales of new and refurbished systems, spare parts and
non-warranty service. Revenue increased 2.3% in fiscal 2007 from fiscal 2006
(to
$22,263 from $21,757). The revenue increase was principally due to the product
mix in the current year compared to the prior year. Revenue increased 46.1%
in
fiscal 2006 from fiscal 2005 (to $21,757 from $14,888). The revenue increase
was
principally due to the higher volume of critical etch systems as compared to
the
systems sold in the previous year. Spares and service sales were flat year
to
year.
International
sales accounted for approximately 67%, 76% and 70% of total revenue in fiscal
2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We expect that international sales will
continue to account for a significant portion of our revenue.
Gross
Profit
Our
gross
profit as a percentage of revenue (gross margin) decreased to 24.8% in fiscal
2007 compared to 27.7% in fiscal 2006. The decrease in the gross margin in
fiscal 2007 compared to 2006 was principally due to the write off of inventory
for the 300mm PVD tool in the amount of $1.7 million.
Our
gross
profit as a percentage of revenue has been, and will continue to be, affected
by
a variety of factors, including the mix and average selling prices of systems
sold and the costs to manufacture, service and support new product introductions
and enhancements. Gross margins for our 6500 series systems are typically lower
than those of our more mature 900 series systems due to the inefficiencies
and
lower vendor discounts associated with lower order volumes and increased
service, installation and warranty support. However, gross profit improvement
is
one of our highest priorities. We believe that the results of our expense
reduction efforts will begin to exhibit themselves in gross profit improvements,
especially as we expect our sales volume to increase.
-
20
-
Research
and Development
Research
and development expenses consist primarily of salaries, prototype material
and
other costs associated with our research and development efforts. Research
and
development expenses decreased to $4,646 in fiscal 2007 from $4,753 in fiscal
2006. The decrease was due primarily to cuts in payroll and expenses within
non-essential programs.
Research
and development expenses decreased to $4,753 in fiscal 2006 from $5,772 in
fiscal 2005. The decrease was due primarily to cuts in expenses with
non-essential programs.
Sales
and Marketing
Sales
and
marketing expenses primarily consist of salaries, commissions, trade show
promotion and advertising expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased
to
$3,909 in fiscal 2007 from $2,963 in fiscal 2006 due to payroll and other
increased costs. Sales and marketing expenses remained flat in fiscal 2006
compared to fiscal 2005. As sales continue to increase, we anticipate an
increase in sales and marketing expenses due to increased commission expense
and
travel related expenses.
General
and Administrative
General
and administrative expenses consist of salaries, legal, accounting and related
administrative services and expenses associated with general management,
finance, information systems, human resources and investor relation’s
activities. General and administrative cost increased to $10,347 in fiscal
2007
from $7,139 in fiscal 2006 primarily due to increased legal fees. General and
administrative expenses increased $680 to $7,139 from fiscal 2005. The increase
in spending in fiscal 2006 was primarily due to non cash and cash expenses
in
the amount of $1.5 million related to the Petaluma buyout provision of the
current lease. In addition, there was a non cash expense related to the granting
of restricted stock units to management.
In-Process
Research & Development
The
fair
value underlying the $1,653 assigned to acquired in-process research and
development (“IPR&D”) in the FDSI acquisition was charged to our results of
operations during the quarter ended June 30, 2004, and was determined by
identifying research projects in areas for which technological feasibility
had
not been established and there was no alternative future use.
The
IPR&D value of $1,653 was determined by an income approach where fair value
is the present value of projected free cash flows that will be generated by
the
products incorporating the acquired technologies under development, assuming
they are successfully completed. The estimated net free cash flows generated
by
the products over a seven-year period were discounted at a rate of 35% in
relation to the stage of completion and the technical risks associated with
achieving technological feasibility. The net cash flows for such projects were
based on management’s estimates of revenue, expenses and asset requirements. Any
delays or failures in the completion of these projects could impact expected
return on investment and future results of operations. In addition, our
operating results would be adversely affected if the value of other intangible
assets acquired became impaired.
Interest
Income (Expense), net
Interest
income (expense), net, consists principally of interest earned on money market
funds offset by interest paid on capital leases. In fiscal year 2007, interest
income (expense), net increased to $643 from $291 in fiscal 2006. In fiscal
year
2006, interest income (expense) increased to $291 from ($2,064) in fiscal 2005.
The expense in fiscal 2005 was due to interest on the convertible
debentures.
Other
Income (Expense), Net
Other
income (expense), net, consists principally of gains and losses on foreign
exchange, and retirement of fixed assets. We recorded net non-operating expense
of ($481) in fiscal 2007. We recorded net non-operating expense of ($864) in
fiscal 2006 and income of $223 in fiscal 2005.
In
connection with the settlement of our litigation with Advanced Modular
Sputtering (AMS), Agilent Technologies and the Avago Entities, we agreed to
make
a donation of at least $350 to the University of California at Santa Barbara.
The donation will endow the Director of the California Nano Systems Institute,
a
position currently occupied by Professor Evelyn Hu. The position will be known
as the Peter A. Clarke Professor and Director of the California Nano Systems
Institute, in honor of Peter Clarke, the founder of Sputtered Films, Inc.,
which
Tegal acquired in August 2002. At March 31, 2007, $350 has been expensed to
other income (expense), net. This is expected to be paid in September
2007.
-
21
-
Income
Taxes
Our
effective tax rate was 0% in all three fiscal years. No tax benefit was recorded
for the losses incurred in fiscal 2007, 2006 and 2005 due to uncertainty related
to the realization of such benefits. All deferred tax assets have been fully
reserved.
During
fiscal 2006, the contingency reserve in the amount of $532 was reversed. This
reserve was recorded in prior fiscal years for the possibility of an audit
of
our transfer pricing policy for sales in foreign countries. After review of
this
reserve, we believe the probability of such an audit is less than 70%,
therefore, the reserve was reversed.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Net
cash
provided by operations was $12,772 in fiscal 2007, due primarily to the lawsuit
settlement amount of $19,500 partially offset by a net loss of $13,213 partially
offset by non cash expense from depreciation and amortization, stock
compensation expense, and a write-off of inventory provisions. Additionally,
the
net loss is increased by a net increase in accounts receivable, a net decrease
in accounts payable offset by an increase in inventory, an increase in accrued
liabilities, and an increase in deferred revenue.
As
of
March 31, 2007, we placed $19,500, representing the gross cash proceeds from
the
recent settlement of our litigation with AMS, Agilent, and Avago Technologies,
into suspense. The two law firms representing SFI in this matter claim that
they
are entitled as a result of the settlement to receive contingent fees from
us
and our subsidiary, SFI. Keker & Van Nest LLP claims fees in the amount of
$6,717; Gonzalez & Leigh LLP claims fees in the amount of $2,249. We have
initiated proceedings with the Bar Association of San Francisco (“BASF”),
pursuant to California statutes, to dispute the claims of both firms. KVN has
filed suit against us and SFI in San Francisco Superior Court, the action is
stayed pending completion of the BASF proceedings. G&L has not filed suit.
We have identified legal and factual defenses to substantial elements of both
claims and are vigorously contesting the claims. Since the amount in dispute
cannot be determined with reasonable certainty until the dispute is resolved,
we
have elected to suspend the entire amount, in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) 5, “Accounting for
Contingencies.”
Net
capital expenditures totaled $691, $231 and $315 in fiscal 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. Capital expenditures in all three years were incurred principally
for demonstration equipment, leasehold improvements and to acquire design tools,
analytical equipment and computers.
Cash
proceeds from financing activities totaled $18,425 for fiscal 2006 and were
primarily from the sale of stock through the 2005 PIPE transaction and partially
offset by repayment of the Japanese lines of credit and the domestic note
payable. Cash proceeds from financing activities totaled $7,904 for fiscal
2005
and were primarily from the sale of stock and the exercise of common stock
warrants by service providers and debenture holders partially offset by
repayment of the domestic and Japanese lines of credit
On
February 11, 2004, we signed a $25 million equity facility with Kingsbridge
Capital, a firm that specializes in the financing of small to medium sized
technology-based companies. The
arrangement allowed us to sell shares of our common stock to Kingsbridge at
its
sole discretion over a 24-month period on a "when and if needed" basis.
Kingsbridge was required under the terms of the arrangement to purchase Tegal's
stock following the effectiveness of a registration statement. The price of
the
common shares issued under the agreement was based on a discount to
the
volume-weighted average market price during a specified drawdown period.
During
fiscal 2005, we issued to Kingsbridge a total of 708,861 shares of our common
stock. Gross proceeds from the sale of stock were $10,380. The
discount to
the
volume-weighted average market price was $1,153 and charged against equity
as
stock issuance cost. In addition to $623 in cash payments, we issued warrants
to
purchase 1,977, 1,807, 2,007 and 1,295 shares of common stock at $17.40, $18.72,
$23.04 and $16.20, respectively, to advisors, in connection with the sale of
stock to Kingsbridge which were charged against equity as stock issuance costs.
Pursuant to our agreement, broker fees of 6% in cash and 1% of stock in the
form
of warrants were paid upon each drawdown of the facility. Additionally, warrants
issued at the time of the agreement were held in current assets. These warrants
are being amortized on a prorated basis at the time of the drawdown and also
charged against equity as stock issuance costs.
In
connection with the Kingsbridge transaction, we issued fully vested warrants
to
Kingsbridge to purchase 25,000 shares our common stock at an exercise price
of
$49.32 per share. The fair value of such options, which amounted to
approximately $756 was capitalized as a transaction cost and included in other
assets. The following variables were used to determine the fair value of such
instruments under the Black-Scholes option pricing model: volatility of 114%,
term of five years, risk free interest of 3.91% and underlying stock price
equal
to fair market value at the time of grant.
On
July
6, 2005, we entered into agreements with investors to raise up to $22,500 in
a
private placement to institutional investors through the sale of (i) an
aggregate of 2,884,615 shares of common stock at a purchase price of $7.80
per
share, and (ii) warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,442,308 shares of our
common stock, exercisable at $12.00 per share. The first tranche of
approximately $4,095 of the private placement was completed on July 12, 2005,
and the second tranche of approximately $15,951 was completed on September
19,
2005 following shareholder approval. One investor elected not to participate
in
the second tranche, so approximately $2,454 of the offering, comprising 314,615
shares and 157,307 warrants remain unsold. This transaction was effected in
reliance on Rule 506 of Regulation D.
-
22
-
As
of
March 31, 2007, our Japanese subsidiary had $8 outstanding under its lines
of
credit which is collateralized by Japanese customer promissory notes held by
such subsidiary in advance of payment on customers’ accounts receivable. The two
credit lines have a total borrowing capacity of 150 million yen (approximately
$1,271 at exchange rates prevailing on March 31, 2007), which are secured by
Japanese customer promissory notes held by such subsidiary in advance of payment
on customers’ accounts receivable. The two Japanese bank lines bear interest at
Japanese prime (1.375% as of March 31, 2007) plus 0.875% and 1.5%, respectively.
Notes
payable also consisted of capital lease obligations on fixed assets totaling
$2
at March 31, 2007.
Our
consolidated financial statements contemplate the realization of assets and
the
satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. We incurred net
losses of $13,213, $8,880, and $15,363 for fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005,
respectively. We generated (used) cash flows from operations of $12,772,
($11,576), and ($7,519) for fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. To
finance our operations, we raised approximately $18,410 in net proceeds from
the
sale of our common stock and warrants to institutional investors in fiscal
2006.
We believe that these proceeds, combined with the effects of the consolidation
of operations and continued cost containment, will be adequate to fund
operations through fiscal year 2008. However, projected sales may not
materialize and unforeseen costs may be incurred.
If
the
projected sales do not materialize, we will need to reduce expenses further
and
raise additional capital through the issuance of debt or equity securities.
If
additional funds are raised through the issuance of preferred stock or debt,
these securities could have rights, privileges or preferences senior to those
of
common stock, and debt covenants could impose restrictions on our operations.
The sale of equity or debt could result in additional dilution to current
stockholders, and such financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms,
if at all.
The
following summarizes our contractual obligations at March 31, 2007, and the
effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows
in
future periods (in thousands).
Contractual
obligations:
|
Total
|
Less
than
1
Year
|
1-3
Years
|
3-5
Years
|
After
5
Years
|
|||||||||||
Non-cancelable
capital lease obligations
|
$
|
2
|
$
|
2
|
$
|
─
|
$
|
─
|
$
|
─
|
||||||
Non-cancelable
operating lease obligations
|
1,252
|
642
|
556
|
34
|
20
|
|||||||||||
Notes
payable and bank lines of credit
|
8
|
8
|
─
|
─
|
─
|
|||||||||||
Total
contractual cash obligations
|
$
|
1,262
|
$
|
652
|
$
|
556
|
$
|
34
|
$
|
20
|
Certain
of our sales contracts include provisions under which customers would be
indemnified by us in the event of, among other things, a third-party claim
against the customer for intellectual property rights infringement related
to
our products. There are no limitations on the maximum potential future payments
under these guarantees. We have accrued no amounts in relation to these
provisions as no such claims have been made and we believe we have valid,
enforceable rights to the intellectual property embedded in its products
Item
7A. Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk
Market
Risk Disclosure
Foreign
Exchange Risk
Our
exposure to foreign currency fluctuations is primarily related to sales of
our
products in Europe, which are denominated in the Euro. Changes in the exchange
rate between the Euro and the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our operating
results. Exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk may increase over
time
as our business evolves and our products continue to be sold into international
markets. Currently, we do not hedge against any foreign currencies and, as
a
result, could incur unanticipated gains or losses. For the year ended March
31,
2007, fluctuations of the U.S. dollar in relation to the Euro were immaterial
to
our financial statements.
Interest
Rate Risk
We
have
been exposed to interest rate risk through interest earned on holdings of
available-for-sale marketable securities. Interest rates that may affect these
items in the future will depend on market conditions and may differ from the
rates we have experienced in the past. The fair value of our investment
portfolio or related income would not be significantly impacted by changes
in
interest rates since we reduce the sensitivity of our results of operations
to
these risks by maintaining an investment portfolio, which is primarily comprised
of highly rated, marketable securities. We do not hold or issue derivatives,
commodity instruments or other financial instruments for trading purposes.
-
23
-
Item
8. Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To
the
Board of Directors and Stockholders
of
Tegal
Corporation:
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Tegal Corporation
and its
subsidiaries as of March 31, 2007, and the related consolidated statements
of
operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended. Our
audit also included the financial statement schedule for the year ended March
31, 2007 listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2). These consolidated financial
statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the
Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based
on our
audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that
we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The
Company
is not required to have, nor have we been engaged to perform, an audit of
the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included
consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for
designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but
not
for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's
internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such
opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing
the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management,
as
well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe
that
our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Tegal
Corporation as of March 31, 2007 and the results of their operations and
their
cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion,
the
information presented in the related financial statement schedule as of and
for
the year ended March 31, 2007, when considered in relation to the March 31,
2007
consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all
material respects the information set forth therein.
As
discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, effective April
1,
2006, the Company changed its method of accounting for stock-based compensation
arrangements as a result of adopting Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based
Payment
applying
the modified prospective method.
/s/Burr,
Pilger & Mayer LLP
San
Francisco, California
June
27,
2007
-
24
-
REPORT
OF
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To
the
Board of Directors and Stockholders
Tegal
Corporation
We
have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Tegal Corporation as
of
March 31, 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations,
stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years ended March 31, 2006 and
2005. We have also audited the information presented in Schedule II that is
listed in the index and appearing under Item 15(a)(2), for the years ended
March
31, 2006 and 2005. These financial statements and schedule are the
responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our
audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we
plan
and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not
required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal
control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal
control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures
that
are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing
an
opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial
reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining,
on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In
our
opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of Tegal Corporation
as
of March 31, 2006, and the consolidated results of its operations and cash
flows
for the years ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our
opinion, the information presented in Schedule II for the years ended March
31,
2006 and 2005, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set
forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial
statements.
/s/
Moss
Adams LLP
Santa
Rosa, California
June
9,
2006
-
25
-
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
March 31,
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
||||
(in
thousands)
|
|||||||
ASSETS
|
|||||||
Current
assets:
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
$
|
25,776
|
$
|
13,787
|
|||
Accounts
receivable, net of allowances for sales returns and doubtful
accounts of
$413 and $205 at March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively
|
6,634
|
5,265
|
|||||
Inventories,
net
|
5,567
|
7,700
|
|||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
991
|
1,270
|
|||||
Total
current assets
|
38,968
|
28,022
|
|||||
Property
and equipment, net
|
1,351
|
1,849
|
|||||
Intangible
assets, net
|
1,161
|
1,474
|
|||||
Other
assets
|
176
|
146
|
|||||
Total
assets
|
$
|
41,656
|
$
|
31,491
|
|||
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|||||||
Current
liabilities:
|
|||||||
Notes
payable and bank lines of credit
|
$
|
10
|
$
|
27
|
|||
Accounts
payable
|
1,974
|
2,458
|
|||||
Accrued
product warranty
|
1,101
|
506
|
|||||
Deferred
revenue
|
1,064
|
477
|
|||||
Litigation
suspense
|
19,500
|
—
|
|||||
Accrued
expenses and other current liabilities
|
3,590
|
1,975
|
|||||
Total
current liabilities
|
27,239
|
5,443
|
|||||
Long-term
portion of capital lease obligations
|
—
|
2
|
|||||
Other
long term obligations
|
—
|
6
|
|||||
Total
long term liabilities
|
—
|
8
|
|||||
Total
liabilities
|
27,239
|
5,451
|
|||||
Commitments
and contingencies (Note 7)
|
|||||||
Stockholders’
equity:
|
|||||||
Preferred
stock; $0.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
and
outstanding
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Common
stock; $0.01 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized;
7,106,867 and
7,021,088 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2007 and
2006,
respectively
|
71
|
70
|
|||||
Additional
paid-in capital
|
122,473
|
120,592
|
|||||
Accumulated
other comprehensive income (loss)
|
240
|
532
|
|||||
Accumulated
deficit
|
(108,367
|
)
|
(95,154
|
)
|
|||
Total
stockholders’ equity
|
14,417
|
26,040
|
|||||
Total
liabilities and stockholders’ equity
|
$
|
41,656
|
$
|
31,491
|
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
-
26
-
TEGAL
CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
Year
Ended March 31,
|
|||||||||
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|||||
(In
thousands, except per share data)
|
||||||||||
|
||||||||||
Revenue
|
$
|
22,263
|
$
|
21,757
|
$
|
14,888
|
||||
Cost
of revenue
|
16,736
|
15,741
|
11,621
|
|||||||
Gross
profit
|
5,527
|
6,016
|
3,267
|
|||||||
Operating
expenses:
|
||||||||||
Research
and development expenses
|
4,646
|
4,753
|
5,772
|
|||||||
Sales
and marketing expenses
|
3,909
|
2,963
|
2,905
|
|||||||
General
and administrative expenses
|
10,347
|
7,139
|
6,459
|
|||||||
In-process
research and development
|
—
|
—
|
1,653
|
|||||||
Total
operating expenses
|
18,902
|
14,855
|
16,789
|
|||||||
Operating
loss
|
(13,375
|
)
|
(8,839
|
)
|
(13,522
|
)
|
||||
Interest
income (expense), net
|
643
|
291
|
(2,064
|
)
|
||||||
Other
income (expense), net
|
(481
|
)
|
(864
|
)
|
223
|
|||||
Total
other income (expense), net
|
162
|
(573
|
)
|
(1,841
|
)
|
|||||
Income
taxes
|
—
|
532
|
—
|
|||||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(13,213
|
)
|
$
|
(8,880
|
)
|
$
|
(15,363
|
)
|
|
Net
loss per share:
|
||||||||||
Basic
and diluted
|
$
|
(1.87
|
)
|
$
|
(1.50
|
)
|
$
|
(3.93
|
)
|
|
Weighted
average shares used in per share computations:
|
||||||||||
Basic
and diluted
|
7,065
|
5,903
|
3,907
|
|||||||
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
-
27
-
TEGAL
CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Accumulated
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
Additional
|
Other
|
|
|
|
||
|
Common
Stock
|
Paid-in
|
Comprehensive
|
Accumulated
|
Total
Stock
|
Comprehensive
|
||
|
Shares
|
Amount
|
Capital
|
Income
|
Deficit
|
Holders'
Equity
|
Loss
|
|
(In
thousands, except share and per share data)
|
||||||||
Balances
at March 31, 2004
|
3,048,654
|
$
30
|
$
85,712
|
$
124
|
$
(70,911)
|
$
14,955
|
||
Common
stock issued under option and stock purchase plans
|
7,432
|
1
|
97
|
—
|
—
|
98
|
||
Common
stock issued for acquisition
|
117,553
|
1
|
2,341
|
—
|
—
|
2,342
|
||
Warrants
and options to purchase common stock issued for services
rendered
|
—
|
—
|
339
|
—
|
—
|
339
|
||
Debentures
- value of Beneficial conversion feature
|
—
|
—
|
1,811
|
—
|
—
|
1,811
|
||
Debentures
- converted to shares
|
398,805
|
4
|
(4)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||
Debentures
- interest converted to shares
|
3,288
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||
Debentures
- investor & advisor warrants exercised
|
118,893
|
1
|
351
|
—
|
—
|
352
|
||
Private
Institutional Offering December 2001 - warrants exercised
|
141
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||
Common
stock issued to Kingsbridge Capital
|
708,861
|
7
|
8,993
|
—
|
9,000
|
|||
Net
loss
|
—
|
—
|
(15,363)
|
(15,363)
|
$
(15,363)
|
|||
Cumulative
translation adjustment
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(234)
|
—
|
(234)
|
(234)
|
|
Total
comprehensive loss
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
$
(15,597)
|
|
Balances
at March 31, 2005
|
4,403,627
|
44
|
99,640
|
(110)
|
(86,274)
|
13,300
|
||
Common
stock issued under option and stock purchase plans
|
9,498
|
—
|
96
|
—
|
—
|
96
|
||
Common
stock issued in PIPE
|
2,570,000
|
26
|
20,020
|
—
|
—
|
20,046
|
||
Common
stock issued for services rendered
|
14,697
|
103
|
—
|
—
|
103
|
|||
Warrants
and options to purchase common stock issued for services
rendered
|
—
|
—
|
953
|
—
|
—
|
953
|
||
Restricted
stock units - Granted/Vested
|
23,266
|
—
|
1,231
|
—
|
—
|
1,231
|
||
Deferred
Compensation
|
—
|
—
|
(224)
|
—
|
—
|
(224)
|
||
Cost
of Equity
|
—
|
—
|
(1,662)
|
—
|
—
|
(1,662)
|
||
Valuation
of Warrants in 2005 PIPE
|
—
|
—
|
435
|
—
|
—
|
435
|
||
Net
loss
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(8,880)
|
(8,880)
|
$
(8,880)
|
|
Cumulative
translation adjustment
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
642
|
—
|
642
|
642
|
|
Total
comprehensive loss
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
$
(8,238)
|
|
Balances
at March 31, 2006
|
7,021,088
|
70
|
120,592
|
532
|
(95,154)
|
26,040
|
||
Common
stock issued under option and stock purchase plans
|
2,664
|
—
|
10
|
—
|
—
|
10
|
||
Warrants
and options to purchase common stock issued for services
rendered
|
—
|
—
|
69
|
—
|
—
|
69
|
||
Repurchase
of fractural shares
|
(219)
|
|||||||
Restricted
stock units - distributed
|
83,334
|
1
|
138
|
—
|
—
|
139
|
||
Stock
compensation expense
|
—
|
—
|
1,664
|
—
|
—
|
1,664
|
||
Net
loss
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(13,213)
|
(13,213)
|
$
(13,213)
|
|
Cumulative
translation adjustment
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(292)
|
—
|
(292)
|
(292)
|
|
Total
comprehensive loss
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
$
(13,305)
|
|
Balances
at March 31, 2007
|
7,106,867
|
$
71
|
$
122,473
|
$
240
|
$
(108,367)
|
$ 14,417
|
||
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
-
28
-
TEGAL
CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
Year
Ended March 31,
|
|||||||||
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|||||
Cash
flows from operating activities:
|
(In
thousands)
|
|||||||||
Net
loss
|
$
|
(13,213
|
)
|
$
|
(8,880
|
)
|
$
|
(15,363
|
)
|
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating
activities:
|
||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization
|
840
|
1,193
|
1,452
|
|||||||
Stock
compensation expense
|
1,664
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Stock
issued under stock purchase plan
|
10
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Stock
distribution
|
139
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
In-process
research and development
|
—
|
—
|
1,653
|
|||||||
Provision
for doubtful accounts and sales returns allowances
|
208
|
(338
|
)
|
273
|
||||||
Loss
on disposal of property and equipment
|
663
|
128
|
—
|
|||||||
Non
cash interest expense - accretion of debt discount and amortization
of
debt issuance costs
|
—
|
—
|
2,019
|
|||||||
Fair
value of warrants and options issued for services rendered
|
69
|
1,958
|
381
|
|||||||
Non
cash mark to market warrants
|
—
|
435
|
—
|
|||||||
Changes
in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
|
||||||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
(1,524
|
)
|
(2,718
|
)
|
2,402
|
|||||
Inventories
|
1,951
|
(1,764
|
)
|
(1,315
|
)
|
|||||
Prepaid
expenses and other assets
|
239
|
(532
|
)
|
24
|
||||||
Accounts
payable
|
(508
|
)
|
(1,112
|
)
|
1,916
|
|||||
Accrued
expenses and other current liabilities
|
1,582
|
(601
|
)
|
(470
|
)
|
|||||
Accrued
product warranty
|
565
|
300
|
(173
|
)
|
||||||
Litigation
suspense
|
19,500
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Deferred
revenue
|
587
|
355
|
(318
|
)
|
||||||
Net
cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
12,772
|
(11,576
|
)
|
(7,519
|
)
|
|||||
Cash
flows from investing activities:
|
||||||||||
Purchases
of property and equipment
|
(691
|
)
|
(231
|
)
|
(315
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
(691
|
)
|
(231
|
)
|
(315
|
)
|
||||
Cash
flows from financing activities:
|
||||||||||
Net
proceeds from issuance of common stock
|
—
|
18,583
|
10,206
|
|||||||
Borrowings
under notes payable and bank lines of credit
|
(14
|
)
|
—
|
1,303
|
||||||
Repayments
of notes payable and bank lines of credit
|
—
|
(134
|
)
|
(3,594
|
)
|
|||||
Payments
on capital lease financing
|
(2
|
)
|
(24
|
)
|
(11
|
)
|
||||
Net
cash provided by (used in) financing activities
|
(16
|
)
|
18,425
|
7,904
|
||||||
Effect
of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
|
(76
|
)
|
76
|
(26
|
)
|
|||||
Net
increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
11,989
|
6,694
|
44
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at beginning of year
|
13,787
|
7,093
|
7,049
|
|||||||
Cash
and cash equivalents at end of year
|
$
|
25,776
|
$
|
13,787
|
$
|
7,093
|
||||
Supplemental
disclosures of cash paid during the year for:
|
||||||||||
Interest
|
$
|
6
|
$
|
10
|
$
|
27
|
||||
Supplemental
disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
|
||||||||||
Transfer
of demo lab equipment between inventory and fixed assets
|
$
|
314
|
$
|
725
|
$
|
—
|
-
29
-
Supplemental
Schedule of Non Cash Investing Activities (amounts in thousands, except
shares):
On May 28, 2004, Tegal purchased substantially all of the assets and assumed
certain liabilities of First Derivative Systems, Inc. (“FDSI”), a development
stage company, for 1,410,632 shares of common stockvalued at $2,342, $150 in
debt forgiveness, approximately $50 in assumed liabilities, and $158 in
acquisition costs, pursuant to a purchase agreement dated April 28, 2004. The
following table representstheallocation of the purchase price for FDSI. In
estimating the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed management
considered various factors, including an independent appraisal.
|
||||
Fair
value fixed assets acquired
|
$
|
111
|
||
Non
compete agreements
|
203
|
|||
Patents
|
733
|
|||
In-process
research and development
|
1,653
|
|||
Debt
forgiveness
|
(150
|
)
|
||
Assumed
liabilities
|
(50
|
)
|
||
$
|
2,500
|
See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
-
30
-
TEGAL
CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(All
amounts in thousands, except per share data and
share
data, unless otherwise noted)
Note
1. Description
of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies
Description
of Business
Tegal
Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“Tegal” or the “Company”), designs,
manufactures, markets and services plasma etch and deposition systems that
enable the production of integrated circuits (“ICs”), memory and related
microelectronics devices used in personal computers, wireless voice and data
telecommunications, contact-less transaction devices, radio frequency
identification devices (“RFIDs”), smart cards, data storage and micro-level
actuators. Etching and deposition constitute two of the principal IC and related
device production process steps and each must be performed numerous times in
the
production of such devices.
The
Company was formed in December 1989 to acquire the operations of the former
Tegal Corporation, a division of Motorola, Inc. The predecessor company was
founded in 1972 and acquired by Motorola, Inc. in 1978. Tegal
completed it's initial public offering in October 1995.
On
August
30, 2002, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock of
Sputtered Films, Incorporated (“SFI”), a privately held California corporation.
SFI is a leader in the design, manufacture and service of high performance
physical vapor deposition sputtering systems for the semiconductor and
semiconductor packaging industry. SFI was founded in 1967 with the development
of its core technology, the S-Gun.
On
November 11, 2003, the Company acquired substantially all of the
assets and certain liabilities of Simplus Systems Corporation, (“Simplus”), a
development stage company. Simplus had developed a deposition cluster tool
and
certain patented processes for barrier, copper seed and high-K dielectric
applications. Simplus had coined the term “nano-layer deposition” or “NLD” to
describe its unique approach to molecular organic chemical vapor deposition
(“MOCVD”). The Company is continuing to develop these NLD processes and related
tools, and are in the process of marketing them to a limited number of key
customers and joint development partners.
On
May
28, 2004, the Company purchased substantially all of the assets and
assumed certain liabilities of First Derivative Systems, Inc. (“FDSI”). FDSI, a
privately held development stage company, was founded in 1999 as a spin-off
of
SFI. FDSI had developed a high-throughput, low cost-of-ownership physical vapor
deposition (“PVD”) system
with highly differentiated technology for leading edge
memory
and logic device production on 200 and 300 millimeter wafers.
The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all
of
its subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in
consolidation. Accounts denominated in foreign currencies are translated using
the foreign currencies as the functional currencies. Assets and liabilities
of
foreign operations are translated to U.S. dollars at current rates of exchange
and revenues and expenses are translated using weighted average rates. The
effects of translating the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries into
U.S. dollars are reported as accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate
component of stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses from foreign currency
transactions are included in the statements of operations as a component of
other income (expense), net.
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles in the United States requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
and
disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting periods. Actual results could vary from those estimates.
Cash
and Cash Equivalents
The
Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments having a maturity of three
months or less on the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.
At
March
31, 2007 and 2006 all of the Company’s investments are classified as cash
equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets. The investment portfolio at
March 31, 2007 and 2006 is comprised of money market funds. At March 31, 2007
and 2006, the fair value of the Company’s investments approximated
cost.
-
31
-
Financial
Instruments
The
carrying amount of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash
equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, bank lines of credit,
notes payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities approximates fair value
due to their relatively short maturity. The Company has foreign subsidiaries,
which operate and sell the Company’s products in various global markets. As a
result, the Company is exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
The Company does not hold derivative financial instruments for speculative
purposes. Foreign currency gains and losses included in other income (expense),
net were not significant for the years ended March 31, 2007, 2006, and
2005.
Concentration
of Credit Risk
Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations
of credit risk consist primarily of temporary cash investments and accounts
receivable. Substantially all of the Company’s temporary investments are
invested in money market funds. The Company’s accounts receivable are derived
primarily from sales to customers located in the U.S., Europe and Asia. The
Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally
requires no collateral. The Company maintains reserves for potential credit
losses. Write-offs during the periods presented have been insignificant. As
of
March 31, 2007, three customers accounted for approximately 86.3% of the
accounts receivable balance. As of March 31, 2006, one customer accounted for
approximately 63.4% of the accounts receivable balance.
Inventories
Inventories
are stated at the lower of cost or market, reduced by provisions for excess
and
obsolescence. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual
cost on a first-in, first-out basis and includes material, labor and
manufacturing overhead costs. The Company estimates the effects of excess and
obsolescence on the carrying values of our inventories based upon estimates
of
future demand and market conditions. The Company establishes a provision for
inventories in excess of production demand. Should actual production demand
differ from the Company’s estimates, additional inventory provision may be
required. The excess and obsolete provision is only released if and when the
related inventory is sold or scrapped. The inventory provision balance at March
31, 2007 and 2006 was $3,908 and $7,136, respectively. The inventory provision
write down for the years ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 was ($3,227) and
($1,146), respectively.
The
Company periodically analyze any systems that are in finished goods inventory
to
determine if they are suitable for current customer requirements. At the present
time, the company’s policy is that, if after approximately 18 months, it
determines that a sale will not take place within the next 12 months and the
system would be useable for customer demonstrations or training, it is
transferred to fixed assets. Otherwise, it is expensed.
The
carrying value of systems used for demonstrations or training is determined
by
assessing the cost of the components that are suitable for sale. Any parts
that
may be rendered unsaleable as a result of such use are removed from the system
and are not included in finished goods inventory. The remaining saleable parts
are valued at the lower of cost or market, representing the system’s net
realizable value. The depreciation period for systems that are transferred
to
fixed assets is determined based on the age of the system and its remaining
useful life (typically five to eight years).
Warranty
Costs
The
Company provides warranty on all system sales based on the estimated cost of
product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. The warranty obligation
is
effected by product failure rates, material usage rates, and the efficiency
by
which the product failure is corrected. Should actual product failure rates,
material usage rates and labor efficiencies differ from estimates, revisions
to
the estimated warranty liability may be required (see Note 2 to accompanying
notes to the consolidated financial statements).
-
32
-
Property
and Equipment
Property
and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging
from
three to seven years. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost and are
amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated
useful life of the improvements or the lease term. Significant additions and
improvements are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance are charged to
expense as incurred. When assets are disposed of, the cost and related
accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gains
or losses are included in the results of operations. The Company generally
depreciates its assets over the following periods:
Years
|
|
Furniture
and machinery and equipment
|
7
|
Computer
and software
|
3
-
5
|
Leasehold
improvements
|
5
or remaining lease life
|
Identified
Intangible Assets
Acquisition-related
intangibles include non-compete agreements, patents, unpatented technology,
and
trade name that are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods ranging
from
5 years to 15 years. Also included in acquisition-related intangibles is
workforce-in-place related to acquisitions that did not qualify as business
combinations. The Company performs an ongoing review of its identified
intangible assets to determine if facts and circumstances exist that indicate
the useful life is shorter than originally estimated or the carrying amount
may
not be recoverable. If such facts and circumstances exist, the Company assesses
the recoverability of identified intangible assets by comparing the projected
undiscounted net cash flow associated with the related asset or group of assets
over their remaining lives against their respective carrying amounts.
Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the
fair
value of those assets.
Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived
assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If undiscounted
expected future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets,
an
impairment loss is recognized based on the excess of the carrying amount over
the fair value of the assets. No impairment charge has been recorded for the
years ended 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
Accounts
Receivable - Allowance for Sales Returns and Doubtful
Accounts
The
Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for estimated
losses resulting from the inability of the Company’s customers to make required
payments. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to
deteriorate, or even a single customer was otherwise unable to make payments,
additional allowances may be required.
The
Company’s return policy is for spare parts and components only. A right of
return does not exist for systems. Customers are allowed to return spare parts
if they are defective upon receipt. The potential returns are offset against
gross revenue on a monthly basis. Management reviews outstanding requests for
returns on a quarterly basis to determine that the reserves are
adequate.
Revenue
Recognition
Each
sale
of our equipment is evaluated on an individual basis in regard to revenue
recognition. The Company has integrated in its evaluation the related
interpretative guidance included in Topic 13 of the codification of staff
accounting bulletins, and recognize the role of the EITF consensus on Issue
00-21. The Company first refers to EITF 00-21 in order to determine if there
is
more than one unit of accounting and then the Company refers to SAB104 for
revenue recognition topics for the unit of accounting. The Company recognizes
revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the seller’s price is
fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured.
For
products produced according to our published specifications, where no
installation is required or installation is deemed perfunctory and no
substantive customer acceptance provisions exist, revenue is recognized when
title passes to the customer, generally upon shipment. Installation is not
deemed to be essential to the functionality of the equipment since installation
does not involve significant changes to the features or capabilities of the
equipment or the building of complex interfaces and connections. In addition,
the equipment could be installed by the customer or other vendors and generally
the cost of installation approximates only 1% of the sales value of the related
equipment.
For
products produced according to a particular customer’s specifications, revenue
is recognized when the product has been tested and it has been demonstrated
that
it meets the customer’s specifications and title passes to the customer. The
amount of revenue recorded is reduced by the amount (generally 10%), which
is
not payable by the customer until installation is completed and final customer
acceptance is achieved.
For
new
products, new applications of existing products, or for products with
substantive customer acceptance provisions where performance cannot be fully
assessed prior to meeting customer specifications at the customer site, 100%
of
revenue is recognized upon completion of installation and receipt of final
customer acceptance. Since title to goods generally passes to the customer
upon
shipment and 90% of the contract amount becomes payable at that time, inventory
is relieved and accounts receivable is recorded for the entire contract amount.
The revenue on these transactions is deferred and recorded as deferred revenue.
As of March 31, 2007 and 2006, deferred revenue as related to systems was $1,039
and $455, respectively. We reserve for warranty costs at the time the related
revenue is recognized.
Revenue
related to sales of spare parts is recognized upon shipment. Revenue related
to
maintenance and service contracts is recognized ratably over the duration of
the
contracts. Unearned maintenance and service revenue is included in deferred
revenue. At March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, $25 and $22 of deferred
revenue was related to service contracts.
-
33
-
Accounting
for Freight Charged to Customers
Spares
and systems are typically shipped “freight collect,” therefore no shipping
revenue or cost is associated with the sale. When freight is charged, it is
booked to revenue and offset for the cost of that freight in the cost of revenue
accounts pursuant to FASB’s Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 00-10.
Income
Taxes
Deferred
income taxes are recognized for the differences between the tax bases of assets
and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts based on enacted tax
rates. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred
tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
Earnings
Per Share
Basic
earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) available
to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed using the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding plus any potentially dilutive
securities, except when the effect of including such changes is
antidilutive.
Stock-Based
Compensation
The
Company has adopted several stock plans that provide equity instruments to
the
Company’s employees and non-employee directors. The Company’s plans include
incentive and non-statutory stock options and restricted stock awards. Stock
options and restricted stock awards generally vest ratably over a four-year
period on the anniversary date of the grant, and expire ten years after the
grant date. On occasion restricted stock awards may vest on the achievement
of
specific performance targets. The Company also has employee stock purchase
plans
that allow qualified employees to purchase Company shares at 85% of the fair
market value on specified dates. The difference between the purchase value
and
the market value is expensed as compensation.
Prior
to
April 1, 2006 the Company accounted for these stock-based employee compensation
plans under the measurement and recognition provisions of Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” or APB 25, and
related interpretations, as permitted by SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock
Based Compensation,” or SFAS 123. With the exception of grants of restricted
stock awards, the Company generally recorded no stock-based compensation expense
during periods prior to April 1, 2006 as all stock-based grants had exercise
prices equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date
of grant. The Company also recorded no compensation expense in connection with
the Company’s employee stock purchase plans as they qualified as
non-compensatory plans following the guidance provided by APB 25.
Effective
April 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of
SFAS
No. 123 (revised 2004) “Accounting for Stock Based Compensation”
(SFAS 123R) using the modified prospective transition method. Under that
transition method, the Company recognized compensation expense of $1,664 for
the
fiscal year 2007, which included: (a) compensation expense for all share-based
payments granted prior to but not yet vested as of April 1, 2006, based on
the
grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions
of
SFAS 123, and (b) compensation expense for all share-based payments granted
or
modified on or after April 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated
in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R. Compensation expense is
recognized only for those awards that are expected to vest, whereas prior to
the
adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company recognized forfeitures as they occurred.
In
addition, the Company elected the straight-line attribution method as our
accounting policy for recognizing stock-based compensation expense for all
awards that are granted on or after April 1, 2006. Results in prior periods
have
not been restated.
The
total
compensation expense related to non-vested awards not yet recognized is $3,256.
The weighted average period for which it is expected to be recognized is 2
years.
-
34
-
The
following assumptions are included in the estimated grant date fair value
calculations for the Company’s stock option awards and Employee Qualified Stock
Purchase Plan (“Employee Stock Purchase Plan”):
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
Expected
life (years):
|
|||
Stock
options
|
4.0
|
4.0
|
4.0
|
Employee
stock purchase plan
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
Volatility:
|
|||
Stock
options
|
96%
|
63%
|
90%
|
Employee
stock purchase plan
|
96%
|
63%
|
90%
|
Risk-free
interest rate
|
4.5%
|
4.61%
|
2.84%
|
Dividend
yield
|
0%
|
0%
|
0%
|
Had
the
Company recorded compensation costs based on the estimated grant date fair
value
(as defined by SFAS 123) for awards granted under its stock option plans and
Employee Plan, the Company’s net loss and loss per share would have been
increased to the proforma amounts below for the years ended March 31, 2006
and
2005:
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
||||
Net
loss as reported
|
$
|
(8,880
|
)
|
$
|
(15,363
|
)
|
|
Proforma
compensation expense at fair value
|
$
|
(1,770
|
)
|
$
|
(1,244
|
)
|
|
Proforma
net loss
|
$
|
(10,650
|
)
|
$
|
(16,607
|
)
|
|
Net
loss per share as reported - basic and diluted
|
$
|
(1.50
|
)
|
$
|
(3.93
|
)
|
|
Proforma
net loss per share:
|
|||||||
Basic
and diluted
|
$
|
(1.80
|
)
|
$
|
(4.32
|
)
|
Comprehensive
Loss
Comprehensive
loss is defined as the change in equity of the Company during a period from
transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting
from investments by owners and distributions to owners. The primary difference
between net loss and comprehensive loss for the Company is attributable to
foreign currency translation adjustments. Comprehensive loss is shown in the
statement of stockholders’ equity.
Note
2. Balance
Sheet and Statement of Operations Detail
Inventories,
net consisted of:
|
March
31,
|
||||||
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
||||
Raw
materials
|
$
|
1,315
|
$
|
1,692
|
|||
Work
in process
|
2,928
|
4,173
|
|||||
Finished
goods and spares
|
1,324
|
1,835
|
|||||
$
|
5,567
|
$
|
7,700
|
The
inventory provision at March 31, 2007 and 2006 was $3,908 and $7,136,
respectively.
Property
and equipment, net, consisted of:
|
March
31,
|
||||||
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
||||
Machinery
and equipment
|
$
|
2,605
|
$
|
3,481
|
|||
Demo
lab equipment
|
1,295
|
2,028
|
|||||
Computer
and software
|
1,152
|
1,623
|
|||||
Leasehold
improvements
|
3,198
|
3,528
|
|||||
8,250
|
10,660
|
||||||
Less
accumulated depreciation and amortization
|
(6,899
|
)
|
(8,811
|
)
|
|||
$
|
1,351
|
$
|
1,849
|
Machinery
and equipment at March 31, 2007 and 2006, includes approximately $43 and $56,
respectively, of assets under leases that have been capitalized. Accumulated
amortization for such equipment approximated $42 and $42, respectively.
Depreciation expense for years ended March 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005 were $526,
$871, and $1,123, respectively.
-
35
-
A
summary
of accrued expenses and other current liabilities follows:
|
March
31,
|
||||||
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
||||
Accrued
compensation costs
|
$
|
1,089
|
$
|
1,261
|
|||
Income
taxes payable
|
27
|
13
|
|||||
Customer
deposits
|
1,063
|
2
|
|||||
Sales
tax payable
|
302
|
79
|
|||||
Other
|
1,109
|
620
|
|||||
$
|
3,590
|
$
|
1,975
|
Product
warranty and guarantees:
The
Company provides warranty on all system sales based on the estimated cost of
product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. The warranty obligation
is
affected by product failure rates, material usage rates, and the efficiency
by
which the product failure is corrected. Warranty activity for the years ended
March 31, 2007 and 2006 is as follows:
Year
ended March 31,
|
|||||||
|
2007
|
2006
|
|||||
Balance
at the beginning of the period
|
$
|
506
|
$
|
252
|
|||
Additional
warranty accruals for warranties issued during the year
|
1,140
|
496
|
|||||
Settlements
made during the year
|
(545
|
)
|
(242
|
)
|
|||
Balance
at the end of the year
|
$
|
1,101
|
$
|
506
|
Certain
of the Company's sales contracts include provisions under which customers would
be indemnified by the Company in the event of, among other things, a third-party
claim against the customer for intellectual property rights infringement related
to the Company's products. There are no limitations on the maximum potential
future payments under these guarantees. The Company has accrued no amounts
in
relation to these provisions as no such claims have been made and the Company
believes it has valid, enforceable rights to the intellectual property embedded
in its products.
Note
3. Earnings
Per Share
SFAS
No.
128, “Earnings Per Share,” requires dual presentation of basic and diluted net
loss per share on the face of the statement of operations. Basic EPS is computed
by dividing loss available to common stockholders (numerator) by the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding (denominator) for the period.
Diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding
during the period. The computation of diluted EPS uses the average market prices
during the period. All amounts in the following table are in thousands except
per share data.
Basic
net
loss per common share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares
of
common stock outstanding.
The
following table represents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per
common share (in thousands, except per share data):
|
|
Year Ended March 31,
|
|||||||||||
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|||||||||
Net
loss applicable to common stockholders
|
$
|
(13,213
|
)
|
$
|
(8,880
|
)
|
$
|
(15,363
|
)
|
||||
Basic
and diluted:
|
|||||||||||||
Weighted-average
common shares outstanding
|
7,065
|
5,903
|
3,907
|
||||||||||
Less
weighted-average common shares subject to repurchase
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||||||||
Weighted-average
common shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per common
share
|
7,065
|
5,903
|
3,907
|
||||||||||
Basic
and diluted net loss per common share
|
$
|
(1.87
|
)
|
$
|
(1.50
|
)
|
$
|
(3.93
|
)
|
Outstanding
options, warrants and restricted stock equivalent of 2,537,429; 2,410,772;
and
997,017 shares of common stock at a weighted-average exercise price of $11.36,
$13.92, and $25.80, per share on March 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 respectively,
were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per common share for
the periods presented as a result of their anti-dilutive effect. Such securities
could potentially dilute earnings per share in future periods.
Note
4. Notes
Payable and Bank Lines of Credit
As
of
March 31, 2007, the Company’s Japanese subsidiary had $8 used on lines of credit
which are collateralized by Japanese customer promissory notes held by such
subsidiary in advance of payment on customers’ accounts receivable. The two
credit lines have a total borrowing capacity 150 million yen (approximately
$1,271 at exchange rates prevailing on March 31, 2007), which are secured by
Japanese customer promissory notes held by such subsidiary in advance of payment
on customers’ accounts receivable. The two Japanese bank lines bear interest at
Japanese prime 1.375% as of March 31, 2007, plus 0.875% and 1.5%,
respectively.
Notes
payable at March 31, 2007, consisted of capital lease obligations of $2
excluding the interest portion.
-
36
-
Note
5. Income
Taxes
Components
of income (loss) before income taxes are as follows:
|
||||||||||
Year
ended March 31,
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|||||
Domestic
|
$
|
(15,261
|
)
|
$
|
(6,884
|
)
|
$
|
(14,478
|
)
|
|
Foreign
|
2,048
|
(2,528
|
)
|
(885
|
)
|
|||||
$
|
(13,213
|
)
|
$
|
(9,412
|
)
|
$
|
(15,363
|
)
|
||
Components
of the provision for income taxes are as follows:
|
||||||||||
Year
ended March 31
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|||
Current:
|
||||||||||
U.S.
Federal
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
||||
State
& Local
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Foreign
(credit)
|
—
|
(532
|
)
|
—
|
||||||
$ —
|
$
|
(532
|
)
|
$
|
—
|
|||||
Deferred
|
||||||||||
U.S.
Federal
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
State
& Local
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
Foreign
(credit)
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|||||||
—
|
—
|
—
|
||||||||
Total
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
(532
|
)
|
$
|
—
|
|||
The
income tax provision differs from the amount computed by applying
the
statutory U.S. federal income tax rate as follows:
|
||||||||||
Year
ended March 31,
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|||
Income
tax provision at U.S. Statutory Rate
|
$
|
(4,493
|
)
|
$
|
(3,200
|
)
|
$
|
(4,651
|
)
|
|
State
taxes net of federal benefit
|
(534
|
)
|
(295
|
)
|
(303
|
)
|
||||
Foreign
differential
|
(696
|
)
|
860
|
301
|
||||||
Current
year tax credits
|
(48
|
)
|
(441
|
)
|
—
|
|||||
Transfer
price reserve no longer required
|
—
|
(532
|
)
|
—
|
||||||
Change
in valuation allowance
|
5,681
|
2,080
|
4,739
|
|||||||
Change
in deferred state tax rate
|
—
|
600
|
—
|
|||||||
Other
|
90
|
396
|
(86
|
)
|
||||||
Income
tax expense/(income)
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
(532
|
)
|
$
|
—
|
|||
Components
of deferred taxes are as follows:
|
||||||||||
Year
ended March 31,
|
2007
|
2006
|
2005
|
|||||||
Revenue
recognition for tax and deferred for book
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
57
|
$
|
45
|
||||
Non-deductible
accruals and reserves
|
3,194
|
3,459
|
4,322
|
|||||||
Net
operating loss carryforward
|
32,656
|
26,997
|
24,356
|
|||||||
Credits
|
3,597
|
3,549
|
3,004
|
|||||||
Uniform
cap adjustment
|
721
|
457
|
566
|
|||||||
Other
|
140
|
108
|
254
|
|||||||
Total
|
40,308
|
34,627
|
32,547
|
|||||||
Valuation
allowance
|
(40,308
|
)
|
(34,627
|
)
|
(32,547
|
)
|
||||
Net
deferred tax asset
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
$
|
—
|
||||
We
have recorded no net deferred tax assets for the years ended March
31,
2007 and 2006, respectively. The Company has provided a valuation
allowance of $40.3 million and
$34.6 million at
March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The valuation allowance fully
reserves all net operating loss carryforwards, credits and non-deductible
accruals and reserves, for which realization of future benefit is
uncertain. The realization of net operating losses may be limited
due to
change of ownership rules. The valuation allowance increased
by $5.7 million
and $2.1 million during the years ended March 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
|
||||||||||
At
March 31, 2007, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards
of
approximately $88.8 million
and $42.3 million
for federal and state tax purposes, respectively, which will begin
to
expire in the year ended March 31, 2008.
|
||||||||||
At
March 31, 2007, the Company also has research and experimentation
credit
carryforwards of $2.6 million and $1.4 million for
federal and state income tax purposes, respectively, which will begin
to
expire in the year ended March 31, 2010.
|
||||||||||
The
Tax Reform Act of 1986 limits the use of net operating loss and tax
credit
carry-forwards in certain situations where changes occur in the stock
ownership of a corporation during a certain time period. In the event
the
company had incurred a change in ownership, utilization of the
carry-forwards could be significantly restricted.
|
-
37
-
Note
6. Accounting
for Restructure Expense
During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007, there were no severance charges and no
outstanding liability.
During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2006, we recorded a severance charge of
approximately $271 related to staff reductions of 17 employees, of which
approximately $168 was classified as cost of sales, $81 as engineering, process
and development and $22 sales, marketing and general and administrative
expenses. We had an outstanding severance liability of approximately $15 as
of
March 31, 2006.
During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005, we recorded a severance charge of
approximately $129 related to staff reductions of 19 employees, of which
approximately $19 was classified as cost of sales, $18 as research and
development and $92 as sales, marketing and general and administrative expenses.
We had an outstanding severance liability of approximately $63 as of March
31,
2005.
Note
7. Commitments
and Contingencies
The
Company has several non-cancelable operating leases and capital leases,
primarily for general office, production and warehouse facilities, that expire
over the next five years. Future minimum lease payments under these leases
are
as follows:
Year
Ending March 31, 2007
|
Capital
Leases
|
Operating
Leases
|
|||||
As
of March 31, 2007
|
|||||||
2008
|
$
|
5
|
$
|
642
|
|||
2009
|
—
|
344
|
|||||
2010
|
—
|
212
|
|||||
2011
|
—
|
34
|
|||||
2012
|
—
|
20
|
|||||
Thereafter
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Total
minimum lease payments
|
$
|
5
|
$
|
1,252
|
|||
Less
amount representing interest
|
3
|
||||||
Present
value of minimum lease payments
|
2
|
||||||
Less
current portion
|
2
|
||||||
Long
term capital lease obligation
|
—
|
Most
leases provide for the Company to pay real estate taxes and other maintenance
expenses. Rent expense for operating leases, net of sublease income, was $1,636,
$2,671, and $1,426, during the years ended March 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005,
respectively.
The
Company maintains our headquarters, encompassing our executive office,
manufacturing, engineering and research and development operations, in one
leased 39,414 square foot facility in Petaluma, California. We have office
space
in a leased 13,300 square foot facility in San Jose, California.
Sputtered
Films, Inc. v. Advanced Modular Sputtering, et al., filed in Santa Barbara
County Superior Court.
On
December 22, 2003, Sputtered Films, Inc. ("SFI"), a wholly owned subsidiary
of
the Company, filed an action against two former employees, Sergey Mishin and
Rose Stuart-Curran, and a company they formed after leaving their employment
with SFI named Advanced Modular Sputtering, Inc. ("AMS"). Sergey Mishin and
Rose
Stuart-Curran had each signed confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements
regarding information obtained while employed by SFI. The action contains causes
of action for specific performance, breach of contract, breach of the covenant
of good faith and fair dealing, misappropriation of trade secrets, unfair
competition, unfair business practices, interference with prospective economic
advantage, conversion, unjust enrichment, and declaratory relief. These claims
arise out of information SFI received evidencing that AMS possessed and used
SFI's confidential, proprietary and trade secret drawings, specifications and
technology to manufacture the sputtering tool marketed by AMS.
During
2004 and 2005, this litigation was largely stalled while AMS and Agilent
Technologies, Inc. contested SFI's right to conduct discovery. This dispute
was
resolved in late 2005 when the California Court of Appeal affirmed SFI's trade
secret identification as statutorily sufficient. On November 18, 2005, SFI
requested leave to add Agilent Technologies, Inc. ("Agilent") as a defendant
based on evidence that Agilent and AMS co-developed the machines which SFI
contends were built using SFI proprietary information. The Court granted SFI's
request and Agilent was served as a Doe defendant on December 12, 2005. In
early
December, SFI learned that Agilent transferred its Semiconductor Products Group
to a number of Avago entities effective December 1, 2005, and accordingly SFI
sought and received court approval to add Avago Technologies U.S., Inc. and
Avago Technologies Wireless (U.S.A.) Manufacturing, Inc (collectively the "Avago
Entities") as defendant in this action. On April 25, 2006, the Avago Entities
filed a Cross-Complaint against SFI and Tegal Corporation alleging causes of
action for breach of contract, trade secret misappropriation, unfair
competition, conversion, unjust enrichment and declaratory relief. The
Cross-Complaint alleges on information and belief that SFI misused information
obtained from Hewlett-Packard in connection with Hewlett-Packard's request
to
purchase SFI machines or to upgrade SFI machines Hewlett-Packard already owned.
On
November 13, 2006, following commencement of the trial, all the parties in
the
litigation agreed on terms of a settlement, which was filed with the court.
The
settlement also calls for the transfer of assets related to PVD technology
from
AMS to SFI and the dissolution of AMS as of March 1, 2007. The Avago
Cross-Complaint was also dismissed as part of the settlement. A final
confidential settlement and release of claims was executed among the parties
on
December 21, 2006.
The
two
law firms representing SFI in this matter claim they are entitled as a result
of
the settlement to receive contingent fees from the Company and SFI. Keker &
Van Nest LLP (“KVN”) claims fees in the amount of $6,717; Gonzalez & Leigh
LLP (“G&L”) claims fees in the amount of $2,249. The Company has initiated
proceedings with the Bar Association of San Francisco (“BASF”), pursuant to
California statutes, to dispute the claims of both firms. KVN has filed suit
against the Company and SFI in San Francisco Superior Court, the action is
stayed pending completion of the BASF proceedings. G&L has not filed suit.
The Company has identified legal and factual defenses to substantial elements
of
both claims and is vigorously contesting the claims.
-
38
-
As
a
result of the dispute described above, as of March 31, 2007, the Company placed
$19,500, representing the gross cash proceeds from the recent settlement of
this
litigation into suspense. Since the amount in dispute cannot be determined
with
reasonable certainty until the dispute is resolved, the Company has elected
to
suspend the entire amount, in accordance with SFAS
5, “Accounting for Contingencies.”
Note
8. 2% Convertible
Debentures
On
June
30, 2003, the Company signed definitive agreements with investors to raise
up to
$7,165 in a private placement of convertible debt financing to be completed
in
two tranches. The first tranche closed on June 30, 2003 and the second tranche
closed on September 9, 2003. The transaction was a sale of convertible
debentures with warrants attached, that accrued interest at the rate of 2%
payable in-kind. In addition, the Company paid a fee to certain financial
advisors, both in cash and in warrants.
On
both
closing dates of the transaction, the market price of the Company’s common stock
exceeded the conversion price of the debentures as well as the strike price
of
the warrants, giving rise to a “beneficial conversion” feature of the
transaction which was accounted for under the provisions of EITF 00-27,
Application
of Issue 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments. A
beneficial feature also existed in connection with the conversion of the
interest on the debentures into shares of common stock.
As
of
June 30, 2004, debenture holders had converted all the debentures in the
principal amount of $7,165 into 1,705,952 shares of the Company’s common stock.
Of the 295,203 shares that were registered for payment of interest in-kind,
12,255 shares had been issued for such interest payments, and the interest
obligation to the debenture holders had been satisfied in full.
The
debenture holders had also exercised warrants to purchase 186,652 shares (plus
14,058 warrants remitted as payments for stock under a cash-less exercise
provision of the warrant agreement) of the Company’s common stock. As of March
31, 2007, there remained unexercised warrants held by the debenture holders
for
126,245 shares of the Company’s common stock. The relative fair value of the
warrants has been classified as equity with the beneficial conversion feature
because it meets all the equity classification criteria of EITF 00-19,
Accounting
for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in,
a
Company’s Own Stock.
Also
in
connection with this transaction, the Company was required to pay a cash fee
of
up to 6.65% of the gross proceeds of the debentures to certain financial
advisors, who were also granted warrants to purchase additional shares of the
Company’s common stock. During fiscal years ended on both March 31, 2006 and
March 31, 2007, no financial advisors exercised their warrants, leaving advisor
warrants for 16,344 shares unexercised at the end of the year.
The
value
of the beneficial conversion feature, warrants and debt issuance costs were
amortized as interest expense over the life of the debt using the effective
interest method. Related interest expense for fiscal 2005 amounted to $2,019.
This amount is comprised of nominal interest, amortization of beneficial
conversion feature and amortization of debt issuance costs.
During
fiscal 2005, the principal and interest amount of the debentures converted
was
$1,688, which converted into 402,093 shares of the Company’s common stock. All
debt issuance costs were fully amortized at March 31, 2005.
Note
9. Acquisition
and Intangible Assets
First
Derivative Systems, Inc:
On
May
28, 2004, Tegal purchased substantially all of the assets and assumed certain
liabilities of First Derivative Systems, Inc. (“FDSI”), a development stage
company, for 117,552 shares of common stock valued at $2,342, $150 in debt
forgiveness, approximately $50 in assumed liabilities, and $158 in acquisition
costs,. All of the shares of common stock were registered with the Securities
and Exchange Commission through the filing of a S-3 in October 2004. In
addition, the Company entered into employment agreements with key FDSI
personnel. FDSI, a development stage company, had developed a high-throughput,
low cost-of-ownership physical vapor deposition (“PVD”) system
with highly differentiated technology for leading edge
memory
and logic device production on 200 and 300 millimeter wafers. This transaction
was accounted for as a purchase of assets in accordance with EITF Issue No.
98-3, “Determining
whether a nonmonetary transaction involves receipt of productive assets or
of a
business.”
-
39
-
The following table represents the allocation of the purchase price for FDSI.
The purchase price of this acquisition has been allocated to the acquired assets
and assumed liabilities on the basis of their fair values as of the date of
the
acquisition. In estimating the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities
assumed, management considered various factors, including an independent
appraisal.
|
||||
Fair
value of fixed assets acquired
|
$
|
111
|
||
Non
compete agreements
|
203
|
|||
Patents
|
733
|
|||
In-process
research and development (“IPR&D”)
|
1,653
|
|||
Debt
forgiveness
|
(150
|
)
|
||
Assumed
liabilities
|
(50
|
)
|
||
$
|
2,500
|
The
assets will be amortized over a period of years shown on the following
table:
Fixed
assets acquired
|
3
to 5 years
|
Non
compete agreements
|
3
years
|
Patents
|
15
years
|
The
fair
value underlying the $1,653 assigned to acquired IPR&D in the FDSI
acquisition was charged to the Company’s results of operations during the
quarter ended June 30, 2004, and was determined by identifying research projects
in areas for which technological feasibility had not been established and there
was no alternative future use. Projects in the IPR&D category were primarily
certain design change improvements, software integration and hardware
modifications, which are estimated to cost approximately $1 - $2
million.
The
IPR&D value of $1,653 was determined by an income approach where fair value
is the present value of projected free cash flows that will be generated by
the
products incorporating the acquired technologies under development, assuming
they are successfully completed. The estimated net free cash flows generated
by
the products over a seven-year period were discounted at a rate of 35% in
relation to the stage of completion and the technical risks associated with
achieving technological feasibility. The net cash flows for such projects were
based on management’s estimates of revenue, expenses and asset requirements. Any
delays or failures in the completion of these projects could impact expected
return on investment and future results of operations. In addition, the
Company's operating results would be adversely affected if the value of other
intangible assets acquired became impaired.
All
of
these projects have completion risks related to functionality, architecture,
performance, process technology, continued availability of key technical
personnel, product reliability and software integration. To the extent that
estimated completion dates are not met, the risk of competitors’ product
introductions is greater and revenue opportunity may be permanently lost.
Intangibles:
As
of
March 31, 2007, intangible assets, net consisted of the following:
Gross
|
Accumulated
Amortization
|
Net
|
||||||||
Technology
|
$
|
782
|
$
|
(448
|
)
|
$
|
334
|
|||
Trade
name
|
253
|
(145
|
)
|
108
|
||||||
Non
compete agreements
|
254
|
(242
|
)
|
12
|
||||||
Patents
|
1,072
|
(365
|
)
|
707
|
||||||
Total
|
$
|
2,361
|
$
|
(1,200
|
)
|
$
|
1,161
|
As
of
March 31, 2006, intangible assets, net consisted of the following:
Gross
|
Accumulated
Amortization
|
Net
|
||||||||
Technology
|
$
|
782
|
$
|
(350
|
)
|
$
|
432
|
|||
Trade
name
|
253
|
(114
|
)
|
139
|
||||||
Workforce
|
254
|
(175
|
)
|
79
|
||||||
Patents
|
1,072
|
(248
|
)
|
824
|
||||||
Total
|
$
|
2,361
|
$
|
(887
|
)
|
$
|
1,474
|
-
40
-
The
estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of March 31,
2007
is as follows:
2008
|
$
|
257
|
||
2009
|
223
|
|||
2010
|
178
|
|||
2011
|
103
|
|||
2012
|
49
|
|||
Thereafter
|
351
|
|||
$
|
1,161
|
Note
10.
Sale
of Common Stock and Warrants
Effective
July 6, 2005, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with certain
accredited investors pursuant to which it sold to them an aggregate of 2,570,000
shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $7.80 per share and warrants
to purchase an aggregate of 1,285,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise
price of $12.00 per share. All of these securities were sold in a private
placement pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
solely to accredited investors, as defined in Rule 501 of the Act. This
financing transaction is referred to herein as the “2005 PIPE”.
In
the
initial closing of the 2005 PIPE on July 12, 2005, the Company sold 525,000
shares at a purchase price of $7.80 per share and five-year warrants to purchase
an aggregate of 262,500 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $12.00
per share to the investors at an aggregate purchase price of $4,095. In
connection with the 2005 PIPE, the Company granted to the investors registration
rights. The effective date of the Form S-3 registration statement registering
the shares issued in the initial closing was August 25, 2005.
In
the
second closing of the 2005 PIPE on September 19, 2005, the Company sold
2,045,000 shares at a purchase price of $7.80 per share and five-year warrants
to purchase an aggregate of 1,022,500 shares of common stock at an exercise
price of $12.00 per share to the investors at an aggregate purchase price of
$15,951. The effective date of the Form S-3 registration statement registering
the shares issued in the second closing was October 24, 2005.
In
accordance with EITF 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments
Indexed To, and Potentially Settled In a Company’s Own Stock,” the fair value of
the warrants in the second closing of the 2005 PIPE on the date of grant was
estimated to be $6,621 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the
following assumptions: no dividends; risk-free interest rate of 3.5%, the
contractual life of 5 years and volatility of 115%. The warrants’ fair value was
reported as a contingent liability at the time of grant, with a corresponding
charge to common stock. At September 30, 2005, the fair value of the warrants
was estimated to be $6,295 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with
the
same assumptions. At March 31, 2006, the impact of this transaction was $435
recorded as other income (expense) and there is no longer a contingent
liability.
The
Company paid a placement fee of $1,453 (equal to 7% of the Company’s gross
proceeds for both transactions) to Dahlman Rose & Company LLC, the Company’s
financial advisor for the 2005 PIPE.
On
September 13, 2005 the Company issued 41,666 warrants at $8.28 as consideration
for an amendment to the current lease of the Company’s headquarters to reduce
the termination fee. The value of the warrants of $655 was based on the fair
value of the termination penalty reduction offset by the exercise price of
the
warrant and recorded as rent expense.
During
fiscal year 2006, the Company entered into a contract with certain consultants
of the Company pursuant to which the Company will issue warrants on a monthly
basis in lieu of cash payments for two years, dependant upon the continuation
of
the contract and the achievement of certain performance goals. These warrants
are valued and expensed on a monthly basis upon issuance. During the fiscal
year
March 31, 2006, the Company issued warrants to purchase 40,267 shares of the
Company's common stock to service providers for services rendered. During the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2006, the warrants were valued at $253 using the
Black-Scholes model with an exercise price at the market value on the day of
the
grant and an average interest rate of 3.99% and 3.11% respectively. The life
of
the warrants is five and seven years with the volatility of 115% and 118%,
respectively.
During
fiscal year 2007, the Company issued 9,996 warrants valued at $69 using the
Black Scholes model with an exercise price at the market value on the day of
the
grant and an average interest rate of 4.51% and a 5 year life.
On
February 11, 2004, the Company signed a $25 million equity facility with
Kingsbridge Capital, a firm that specializes in the financing of small to medium
sized technology-based companies. The
arrangement allowed the Company to sell shares of its common stock to
Kingsbridge at its sole discretion over a 24-month period on a "when and if
needed" basis. Kingsbridge Capital was required under the terms of the
arrangement to purchase Tegal's stock following the effectiveness of a
registration statement. The price of the common shares issued under the
agreement was based on a discount to
the
volume-weighted average market price during a specified drawdown period. The
Company had no obligation to draw down all or any portion of the
commitment.
-
41
-
In
connection with the agreement, the Company issued fully vested warrants to
Kingsbridge Capital to purchase 25,000 shares of the Company's common stock
at
an exercise price of $49.32 per share. The fair value of such options, which
amounted to approximately $756 was capitalized as a transaction cost. The
following variables were used to determine the fair value of such instruments
under the Black-Scholes option pricing model: volatility of 114%, term of five
years, risk free interest of 3.91% and underlying stock price equal to fair
market value at the time of grant. All warrants in connection to this
transaction were outstanding at March 31,2007.
During
the fiscal year end March 31, 2005, the Company issued to Kingsbridge Capital,
Ltd. a total of 708,861 shares of its common stock. Gross proceeds from the
sale
of stock were $10,380. The discount to
the
volume-weighted average market price was $1,153 that was charged against equity
as stock issuance cost. In addition to $623 in cash payments, the Company issued
warrants to purchase 1,977, 1,807, 2,007 and 1,295 shares of common stock at
$17.40, $18.72, $23.04 and $16.20 respectively, to advisors, in connection
with
the sale of stock to Kingsbridge which were charged against equity as stock
issuance costs. Pursuant to our agreement, broker fees of 6% in cash and 1%
of
stock in the form of warrants were paid upon each drawdown of the facility.
Additionally, warrants issued at the time of the agreement were held in current
assets and have been fully amortized as of March 31, 2005 and charged against
equity as stock issuance costs. The Company does not anticipate any further
sales of shares to Kingsbridge.
The
selling price of the stock was negotiated as a function of market price based
on
a specific formula. The discount was accounted for as a cost of capital and
netted against additional paid-in capital. Since the transaction was related
to
the sale of our own common stock, it was excluded from the determination of
net
income.
At
March
31, 2007 there were 1,527,784 warrants outstanding.
Note
11. Employee
Benefit Plans
Equity
Incentive Plan
Pursuant
to the Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan (“Equity Incentive Plan”),
options and stock purchase rights to purchase 291,666 shares of common stock
could be granted to management and consultants. The exercise price of options
and the purchase price of stock purchase rights generally has been the fair
value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. At the date of
issuance of the stock options, all options are exercisable; however the Company
has the right to repurchase any stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of
stock
options upon termination of employment or consulting agreement at the original
exercise price for up to four years from the date the options were granted,
with
the repurchase rights ratably expiring over that period of time. Incentive
stock
options are exercisable for up to ten years from the grant date of the option.
Nonqualified stock options are exercisable for up to 15 years from the grant
date of the option. The Equity Incentive Plan expired in December 1999. As
of
March 31, 2007, 1,041 shares were available for issuance under the Equity
Incentive Plan as of March 31, 2007.
1990
Stock Option Plan
Pursuant
to the terms of the Company’s 1990 Stock Option Plan (“1990 Option Plan”),
options and stock purchase rights to purchase 45,833 shares of common stock
could be granted to employees of the Company or its affiliates. Incentive stock
options are exercisable for a period of up to ten years from the date of grant
of the option and nonqualified stock options are exercisable for a period of
up
to ten years and two days from the date of grant of the option. At the date
of
issuance of the stock options, all options are exercisable; however, the Company
has the right to repurchase any stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of
stock
options upon termination of employment at the original exercise price for up
to
four years from the date the options were granted, with the repurchase rights
ratably expiring over that period of time. The 1990 Option Plan expired on
March
10, 2000. As of March 2007, 4,490 shares were available for issuance under
the
1990 Option Plan as of March 31, 2007.
1998
Equity Participation Plan
Pursuant
to the terms of the Company’s Amended 1998 Equity Participation Plan (“Equity
Plan”), which was authorized as a successor plan to the Company’s Equity
Incentive Plan and 1990 Option Plan, 1,666,666 shares of common stock may be
granted upon the exercise of options and stock appreciation rights or upon
the
vesting of restricted stock awards. The exercise price of options generally
will
be the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Options
are generally subject to vesting at the discretion of the Compensation Committee
of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”). At the discretion of the Committee,
vesting may be accelerated when the fair market value of the Company’s stock
equals a certain price established by the Committee on the date of grant.
Incentive stock options will be exercisable for up to ten years from the grant
date of the option. Non-qualified stock options will be exercisable for a
maximum term to be set by the Committee upon grant. As of March 31, 2007,
1,490,401 shares were available for issuance under the Equity Plan.
-
42
-
Directors
Stock Option Plan
Pursuant
to the terms of the Stock Option Plan for Outside Directors, as amended,
(“Directors Plan”), up to 333,333 shares of common stock may be granted to
outside directors. Under the Directors Plan, each outside director who was
elected or appointed to the Board on or after September 15, 1998 shall be
granted an option to purchase 8,333 shares of common stock and on each second
anniversary after the applicable election or appointment shall receive an
additional option to purchase 4,166 shares, provided that such outside director
continues to serve as an outside director on that date. For each outside
director, 1/12th
of the
total number of shares will vest on the first day of each calendar month
following the date of Option grant, contingent upon continued service as a
director. Vesting may be accelerated, at the discretion of the Board, when
the
fair market value of the Company’s stock equals a certain price set by the Board
on the date of grant of the option. The Directors Plan allows for additional
grants at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. As of March 31, 2007,
330,417 shares were available for issuance under the Directors
Plan.
Employee
Qualified Stock Purchase Plan
The
Company has offered an Employee Qualified Stock Purchase Plan (“Employee Plan”)
under which rights are granted to purchase shares of common stock at 85% of
the
lesser of the market value of such shares at the beginning of a six month
offering period or at the end of that six month period. The difference between
the market price of the stock and the purchase price is expensed as
compensation. Under the Employee Plan, the Company is authorized to issue up
to
83,333 shares of common stock. 2,664 common stock shares were purchased in
fiscal 2007 and 2,779 common stock shares were purchased in fiscal 2006. Shares
available for future purchase under the Employee Plan were 40,071 at March
31,
2007.
Savings
and Investment Plan
The
Company has established a defined contribution plan that covers substantially
all U.S. employees. Employee contributions of up to 4% of each U.S. employee’s
compensation will be matched by the Company based upon a percentage to be
determined annually by the Board. Employees may contribute up to 15% of their
compensation, not to exceed a prescribed maximum amount. The Company made
contributions to the plan of $13, $13, and $15 in the years ended March 31,
2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
Note
12. Stock Based Compensation
A
summary
of stock option and warrant activity during the year ended March 31, 2007 is
as
follows:
Weighted
|
||||||
Weighted
|
Average
|
|||||
Average
|
Remaining
|
Aggregate
|
||||
Exercise
|
Contractual
|
Intrinsic
|
||||
Shares
|
Price
|
Term
(in yrs.)
|
Value
|
|||
Beginning
outstanding
|
2,001,337
|
$
13.70
|
||||
Granted
|
||||||
Price
= market value
|
414,563
|
$
4.62
|
||||
Total
|
414,563
|
$
4.62
|
||||
Exercised
|
—
|
$
0.00
|
||||
Cancelled
|
||||||
Forfeited
|
(74,109)
|
$
5.00
|
||||
Expired
|
(290,045)
|
$
19.45
|
||||
Total
|
(364,154)
|
$
16.51
|
|
|||
Ending
outstanding
|
2,051,746
|
$
11.36
|
4.75
|
$
23
|
||
Ending
vested and expected to vest
|
1,994,135
|
$ 11.55
|
4.75
|
$
20
|
||
Ending
exercisable
|
1,750,421
|
$
12.48
|
3.98
|
$
10
|
The
aggregate intrinsic value of options and warrants outstanding at March 31,
2007
is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying
options and the market price of our common stock as of March 31,
2007.
The
weighted average estimated grant date fair value, as defined by SFAS No.123,
for
stock option awards granted during fiscal 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $3.20, $4.92,
and $10.20 per option, respectively.
-
43
-
The
following table summarizes information with respect to stock options and
warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2007
|
||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Number
Outstanding
|
Weighted
Average
|
Number
Exercisable
|
Weighted
Average
|
|||||||
Range
of
Exercise Prices
|
As
of
March
31, 2007
|
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(in
years)
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
As
of
March
31, 2007
|
Exercise
Price
As
of March 31, 2007
|
|||||
$4.20
|
$4.20
|
16,344
|
|
1.44
|
|
$4.20
|
|
16,344
|
$4.20
|
|
4.60
|
4.60
|
|
304,653
|
9.43
|
4.60
|
45,000
|
4.60
|
|||
4.68
|
7.08
|
223,943
|
5.49
|
6.15
|
186,026
|
6.16
|
||||
7.20
|
8.28
|
75,412
|
7.67
|
8.19
|
75,412
|
8.19
|
||||
12.00
|
12.00
|
1,284,990
|
3.43
|
12.00
|
1,284,990
|
12.00
|
||||
12.36
|
73.50
|
137,662
|
4.46
|
26.11
|
133,907
|
26.46
|
||||
92.26
|
92.26
|
416
|
2.94
|
92.26
|
416
|
92.26
|
||||
92.52
|
92.52
|
4,165
|
2.88
|
92.52
|
4,165
|
92.52
|
||||
99.00
|
99.00
|
2,498
|
2.99
|
99.00
|
2,498
|
99.00
|
||||
105.00
|
105.00
|
1,663
|
1.73
|
105.00
|
1,663
|
105.00
|
||||
$4.20
|
$105.00
|
2,051,746
|
4.75
|
$11.37
|
1,750,421
|
$12.48
|
The
weighted average estimated grant date fair values per share, for rights granted
under the employee stock purchase plan during fiscal 2007, 2006 and 2005 were
$3.82, $4.80, and $9.84 respectively.
Restricted
Stock Units
The
following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock award activity for the
period ended March 31, 2007:
Number
of
Shares
|
Weighted
Avg.
Grant
Date
Fair
Value
|
||||||
Balance
March 31, 2006
|
106,248
|
$
|
9.68
|
||||
Granted
|
694,752
|
$
|
5.09
|
||||
Vested
|
—
|
—
|
|||||
Forfeited
|
(231,985
|
)
|
—
|
||||
Released
|
(83,332
|
)
|
$
|
9.96
|
|||
Balance,
March 31, 2007
|
485,683
|
$
|
4.73
|
Unvested
restricted stock at March 31, 2007
As
of
March 31, 2007 there was $3,256 of total unrecognized compensation cost related
to restricted stock which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average
period of 2 years.
Unvested
stock options at March 31, 2007
As
of
March 31, 2007 there was $1,360 of total unrecognized compensation cost related
to stock options which is expected to be recognized in the over the next 4
years.
-
44
-
Note
13. Geographical
Information
Tegal
operates in one segment for the manufacture, marketing and servicing of
integrated circuit fabrication equipment. In accordance with SFAS No. 131 (“SFAS
131”) “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,”
Tegal’s chief operating decision-maker has been identified as the President and
Chief Executive Officer, who reviews operating results to make decisions about
allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire company. All
material operating units qualify for aggregation under SFAS 131 due to their
identical customer base and similarities in: economic characteristics; nature
of
products and services; and procurement, manufacturing and distribution
processes. Since Tegal operates in one segment and in one group of similar
products and services, all financial segment and product line information
required by SFAS 131 can be found in the consolidated financial
statements.
For
geographical reporting, revenues are attributed to the geographic location
in
which the customers’ facilities are located. Long-lived assets consist of
property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, and are attributed to
the
geographic location in which they are located. Net sales and long-lived assets
by geographic region were as follows:
Revenues:
|
Years
Ended March 31,
|
|||||||||
Sales
to customers located in:
|
2007
|
|
2006
|
|
2005
|
|||||
United
States
|
$
|
7,398
|
$
|
5,142
|
$
|
4,445
|
||||
Asia,
excluding Japan
|
7,008
|
5,624
|
1,372
|
|||||||
Japan
|
2,042
|
2,312
|
6,312
|
|||||||
Germany
|
3,115
|
2,313
|
397
|
|||||||
Italy
|
1,474
|
386
|
498
|
|||||||
Europe,
excluding Germany and Italy
|
1,226
|
5,980
|
1,864
|
|||||||
Total
sales
|
$
|
22,263
|
$
|
21,757
|
$
|
14,888
|
|
March
31,
|
||||||
|
2007
|
2006
|
|||||
Long-lived
assets at year-end:
|
|||||||
United
States
|
$
|
2,502
|
$
|
3,296
|
|||
Europe
|
10
|
16
|
|||||
Japan
|
0
|
8
|
|||||
Asia,
excluding Japan
|
0
|
3
|
|||||
Total
long-lived assets
|
$
|
2,512
|
$
|
3,323
|
The
Company’s sales are primarily to domestic and international semiconductor
manufacturers. The composition of the Company’s top five customers has changed
from year to year, but net system sales to its top five customers in each of
fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005 accounted for 77.8%, 68.9%, and 80.0%, respectively,
of total net system sales. ST Microelectronics and International Rectifier
accounted for 43.1% and 13.4% respectively, of our total revenue in fiscal
2007.
ST Microelectronics accounted for 54.3% of the Company’s total revenue in fiscal
2006. Fujitsu, Western Digital, and RF Micro Devices accounted for 38.2%, 12.8%
and 10.1% respectively, of the Company’s net system sales in 2005. Other than
the previously listed customers, no single customer represented more than 10%
of
the Company’s total revenue in fiscal 2007, 2006, and 2005.
Note
14. Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
In
February 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 155 “Accounting
for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments”
- an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140 (“SFAS 155"). SFAS 155
will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal
2008.
SFAS 155 permits interests in hybrid financial instruments that contain an
embedded derivative that would otherwise require bifurcation, to be accounted
for as a single financial instrument at fair value, with changes in fair value
recognized in earnings. This election is permitted on an
instrument-by-instrument basis for all hybrid financial instruments held,
obtained, or issued as of the adoption date. The Company is assessing the impact
of the adoption of SFAS 155.
In
June
2006, the FASB ratified the consensus reached on Emerging Issues Task Force
(“EITF”) Issue No. 06-3, “How
Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should
Be Presented in the Income Statement (That Is, Gross Versus Net
Presentation)”.
The
scope of EITF Issue No. 06-3 includes any transaction-based tax assessed by
a
governmental authority that is imposed concurrent with or subsequent to a
revenue-producing transaction between a seller and a customer. The scope does
not include taxes that are based on gross receipts or total revenues imposed
during the inventory procurement process. Gross versus net income statement
classification of that tax is an accounting policy decision and a voluntary
change would be considered a change in accounting policy requiring the
application of SFAS No. 154, “Accounting
Changes and Error Corrections.”
The
following disclosures will be required for taxes within the scope of this issue
that are significant in amount: (1) the accounting policy elected for these
taxes and (2) the amounts of the taxes reflected gross (as revenue) in the
income statement on an interim and annual basis for all periods presented.
The
EITF Issue No. 06-3 ratified consensus is effective for interim and annual
periods beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company does not expect the
adoption of EITF Issue No. 06-3 to have a material impact on the Company’s
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
-
45
-
In
June
2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48 “Accounting
For Uncertainty in Income Taxes.”
An
interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the
accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s
financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No.109“Accounting
for Income Taxes.”
It
prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial
statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to
be
taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition,
classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods,
disclosure, and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning
after
December 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of FIN 48 to
its financial position and results of operations.
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair
Value Measurements”
(“SFAS
157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair
value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands
disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any new
fair value measurements; rather, it applies under other accounting
pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. The provisions
of
SFAS 157 are to be applied prospectively as of the beginning of the fiscal
year
in which it is initially applied, with any transition adjustment recognized
as a
cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The
provisions of SFAS 157 are effective for fiscal years beginning after November
15, 2007; therefore, the Company anticipates adopting SFAS 157 as of April
1,
2008. The Company is assessing the impact of the adoption of SFAS 157.
In
September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 (“SAB 108”),
“Considering
the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in
Current Year Financial Statements.”
SAB 108
is effective for fiscal years ending on or after November 15, 2006 and addresses
how financial statement errors should be considered from a materiality
perspective and corrected. The literature provides interpretive guidance on
how
the effects of the carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should
be
considered in quantifying a current year misstatement. Historically, there
have
been two approaches commonly used to quantify such errors: (i) the “rollover”
approach, which quantifies the error as the amount by which the current year
income statement is misstated, and (ii) the “iron curtain” approach, which
quantifies the error as the cumulative amount by which the current year balance
sheet is misstated. The SEC Staff believes that companies should quantify errors
using both approaches and evaluate whether either of these approaches results
in
quantifying a misstatement that, when all relevant quantitative and qualitative
factors are considered, is material. SAB
108
was effective for us as of March 31, 2007. The adoption of SAB 108 did not
have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of
operations or cash flows.
In
November 2006, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 06-6, Application
of EITF Issue No. 05-7, ‘Accounting for Modifications to Conversion Options
Embedded in Debt Instruments and Related Issues’
(“EITF
06-6”). EITF 06-6 addresses the modification of a convertible debt instrument
that changes the fair value of an embedded conversion option and the subsequent
recognition of interest expense for the associated debt instrument when the
modification does not result in a debt extinguishment pursuant to EITF 96-19.
We
do not expect the adoption of EITF 06-6 to have a material impact on our
consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash
flows.
In
November 2006, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 06-7, Issuer’s
Accounting for a Previously Bifurcated Conversion Option in a Convertible Debt
Instrument When the Conversion Option No Longer Meets the Bifurcation Criteria
in FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities
(“EITF
06-7”). At the time of issuance, an embedded conversion option in a convertible
debt instrument may be required to be bifurcated from the debt instrument and
accounted for separately by the issuer as a derivative under FAS 133, based
on
the application of EITF 00-19. Subsequent to the issuance of the convertible
debt, facts may change and cause the embedded conversion option to no longer
meet the conditions for separate accounting as a derivative instrument, such
as
when the bifurcated instrument meets the conditions of Issue 00-19 to be
classified in stockholders’ equity. Under EITF 06-7, when an embedded conversion
option previously accounted for as a derivative under FAS 133 no longer meets
the bifurcation criteria under that standard, an issuer shall disclose a
description of the principal changes causing the embedded conversion option
to
no longer require bifurcation under FAS 133 and the amount of the liability
for
the conversion option reclassified to stockholders’ equity. EITF 06-7 should be
applied to all previously bifurcated conversion options in convertible debt
instruments that no longer meet the bifurcation criteria in FAS 133 in interim
or annual periods beginning after December 15, 2006, regardless of whether
the
debt instrument was entered into prior or subsequent to the effective date
of
EITF 06-7. Earlier application of EITF 06-7 is permitted in periods for which
financial statements have not yet been issued. We do not expect the adoption
of
EITF 06-7 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position,
results of operations or cash flows.
In
December 2006, the FASB issued FSP EITF 00-19-2, Accounting
for Registration Payment Arrangements (“FSP
00-19-2”) which addresses accounting for registration payment arrangements. FSP
00-19-2 specifies that the contingent obligation to make future payments or
otherwise transfer consideration under a registration payment arrangement,
whether issued as a separate agreement or included as a provision of a financial
instrument or other agreement, should be separately recognized and measured
in
accordance with FASB Statement No. 5, Accounting
for Contingencies.
FSP
00-19-2 further clarifies that a financial instrument subject to a registration
payment arrangement should be accounted for in accordance with other applicable
generally accepted accounting principles without regard to the contingent
obligation to transfer consideration pursuant to the registration
payment.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 159, “The
Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Liabilities”
(“SFAS
159”). SFAS 159 provides entities with the option to report selected financial
assets and liabilities at fair value. Business entities adopting SFAS 159 will
report unrealized gains and losses in earnings at each subsequent reporting
date
on items for which fair value option has been elected. SFAS 159 establishes
presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons
between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types
of assets and liabilities. SFAS 159 requires additional information that will
help investors and other financial statement users to understand the effect
of
an entity’s choice to use fair value on its earnings. SFAS 159 is effective for
fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, with earlier adoption
permitted. We are currently assessing the impact that the adoption of SFAS
159
may have on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash
flows.
-
46
-
Quarterly
Results of Operations (Unaudited)
The
following table sets forth our unaudited selected financial data for each of
the
eight quarterly periods in the two-year period, ended March 31, 2007:
|
Three
Months Ended
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mar.
31,
2007
|
Dec.
31,
2006
|
Sept.
30,
2006
|
June
30,
2006
|
Mar.
31,
2006
|
Dec.
31,
2005
|
Sept.
30,
2005
|
June
30,
2005
|
|||||||||||||||||
(In
thousands, except per share data)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Quarterly
Financial Data:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue
|
$
|
6,197
|
$
|
4,377
|
$
|
5,113
|
$
|
6,576
|
$
|
6,053
|
$
|
6,246
|
$
|
6,406
|
$
|
3,052
|
|||||||||
Gross
profit
|
1,955
|
(1,326
|
)
|
2,400
|
2,498
|
1,217
|
1,681
|
2,443
|
675
|
||||||||||||||||
Net
loss
|
(2,005
|
)
|
(6,125
|
)
|
(3,281
|
)
|
(1,802
|
)
|
(1,788
|
)
|
(1,904
|
)
|
(2,681
|
)
|
(2,507
|
)
|
|||||||||
Net
loss per share*
Basic
and diluted
|
(0.28
|
)
|
(0.86
|
)
|
(0.47
|
)
|
(0.26
|
)
|
(0.26
|
)
|
(0.27
|
)
|
(0.51
|
)
|
(0.57
|
)
|
|||||||||
• Net
loss
per share is computed independently for each of the quarters presented.
Therefore, the sum of the quarterly net loss per
share
may not equal the annual net loss per share.
•
The
number of shares outstanding reflects a 1-for-12 reverse stock split effected
by
the Registrant on July 25, 2006.
Item
9. Changes
in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure
On
August
19, 2006, the Company changed independent registered public accounting firms
from Moss Adams LLP to Burr, Pilger & Mayer LLP. During the period from July
9, 2004 through August 18, 2006 when Moss Adams served as the Company’s
independent registered public accounting firm, there were no reportable events,
as that term is defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.
Item
9A. Controls
and Procedures
Evaluation
of disclosure controls and procedures. Under
the
supervision and with the participation of our management, our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of our
disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under
Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our
Chief Financial Officer concluded that the our disclosure controls and
procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this
report.
Changes
in internal control over financial reporting.
As
required by Rule 13a-15(d), our management, including our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, also conducted an evaluation of our
internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes
occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected,
or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, there has been no such change
during the period covered by this report.
Limitations
of the effectiveness of internal control. A
control
system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable,
not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the internal control system
are
met. Because of the inherent limitations of any internal control system, no
evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues,
if any, within a company have been detected. Notwithstanding these limitations,
our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable
assurance of achieving their objectives. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures
are, in fact, effective at the “reasonable assurance” level.
Item
9B. Other
Information
None.
-
47
-
PART
III
Certain
information required by Part III is omitted from this Report in that we will
file a definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A (the “Proxy
Statement”) no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by
this Report, and certain information included therein is incorporated herein
by
reference. Only those sections of the Proxy Statement that specifically address
the items set forth herein are incorporated by reference. Such incorporation
does not include the Compensation Committee Report or the Audit Committee Report
included in the Proxy Statement.
Item
10. Directors
and Executive Officers of the Registrant
The
information concerning our directors and executive officers required by this
Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement under the caption
“Election of Directors” and “Executive Officers of the Registrant”.
The
information regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy
Statement under the caption “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance.”
The
additional information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to
our
Proxy Statement.
Item
11. Executive
Compensation
The
information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy
Statement under the caption “Executive Compensation.”
Item
12. Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The
information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy
Statement under the captions “Principal Stockholders” and “Ownership of Stock by
Management.”
Item
13. Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions
The
information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy
Statement under the caption “Certain Transactions.”
Item
14. Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
The
information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy
Statement under the caption “Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm”.
-
48
-
PART
IV
Item
15. Exhibits,
Financial Statement Schedule
(a) The
following documents are filed as part of this Form 10-K:
(1) Financial
Statements
The
Company’s Financial Statements and notes thereto appear in this Form 10-K
according to the following Index of Consolidated Financial
Statements:
|
Page
|
Reports
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms
|
24
|
Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2007 and 2006
|
26
|
Consolidated
Statements of Operations for the years ended March 31, 2007, 2006
and
2005
|
27
|
Consolidated
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended March 31, 2007,
2006 and 2005
|
28
|
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended March 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005
|
29
|
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
31
|
(2) Financial
Statement Schedule
|
Page
|
Schedule
II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
|
50
|
Schedules
other than those listed above have been omitted since they are either not
required, not applicable, or the required information is shown in the
consolidated financial statements or related notes.
(b) Exhibits
The
following exhibits are referenced or included in this report:
Exhibit
Number
|
Description
|
3.1
|
Certificate
of Incorporation of the Registrant, as amended
|
3.2
|
Restated
By-laws of Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 included
in Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on November 3, 2006)
|
10.1
|
Form
of Unit Purchase Agreement dated December 31, 2001 (incorporated
by
reference to Exhibit (i) to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 13,
2002)
|
10.2
|
Form
of Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (ii) to the Registrant’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on February 13, 2002)
|
10.3
|
Form
of Unit Subscription Agreement dated June 30, 2003 (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2,
2003)
|
10.4
|
Form
of Warrant dated June 30, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.5
to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2003)
|
10.5
|
Form
of Security Agreement between the Registrant and Orin Hirschmann
dated
June 30, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 2, 2003)
|
**10.6
|
Fifth
Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan for Outside Directors (incorporated
by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on 10-Q, for the quarter
ended June 30, 2006, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on
August 14, 2006
|
**10.7
|
Eighth
Amended and Restated 1998 Equity Participation Plan of Tegal Corporation
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006 filed with
the
Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2006.
|
**10.8
|
Second
Amended and Restated Employee Qualified Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated
by reference to Appendix C to the Registrant’s revised definitive proxy
statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on July 29, 2004)
|
**10.9
|
1990
Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-84702)
declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on October
18, 1995)
|
**10.10
|
Form
of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Employees from the Seventh
Amended and Restated 1998 Equity Participation Plan (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November
12,
2004)
|
**10.11
|
Form
of Restricted Stock Unit Aware Agreement from the Eighth Amended
and
Restated 1998 Equity Participation (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit
10.5.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on July 11, 2005)
|
**10.12
|
Employment
Agreement between the Registrant and Thomas Mika dated as of August
12,
2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003
filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 27,
2003)
|
**10.13
|
Employment
Agreement between the Registrant and Steve Selbrede dated as of May
3,
2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Registrant’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005
filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29,
2005)
|
10.14
|
Stock
Purchase agreement between Tegal and the investor parties there to
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on
July 11, 2005)
|
10.15
|
Form
of Warrant Agreement between Tegal and the investor parties there
to
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on
July 11, 2005).
|
10.16
|
Lease,
dated December 21, 2005, by and between BRE/PCCP Orchard LLC, as
Landlord,
and Tegal Corporation, as Tenant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended December 31, 2005, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on February 10, 2006).
|
10.17
|
Sublease
Agreement, dated December 30, 2005, by and between Silicon Genesis
Corporation, as Sublandlord, and Tegal Corporation, as Subtenant
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2005, filed
with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 10,
2006).
|
**10.18
|
Restricted
Stock Unit Award Agreement between Tegal Corporation and Brad Mattson,
dated July 5, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 11,
2005).
|
**10.19
|
Letter
Agreement, dated July 5, 2005, between Tegal Corporation and Brad
Mattson
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
July 11,
2005).
|
**10.20
|
Restricted
Stock Unit Award Agreement between Tegal Corporation and Tom Mika,
dated
July 5, 2005, (incorporate by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on July 11, 2005).
|
10.23†
|
Exclusive
Distributor Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2006, between Tegal
Corporation and Noah Corporation.
|
16.1
|
Letter
of Moss Adams LLP to the Securities and Exchange Commission dated
August
25, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.1 to the Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on August 28, 2006).
|
21.1
|
List
of Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
|
23.1
|
Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Burr, Pilger &
Mayer LLP.
|
23.2
|
Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Moss Adams
LLP.
|
24.1
|
Power
of Attorney (included on signature page
hereto).
|
31.1
|
Section
302 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer.
|
31.2
|
Section
302 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer.
|
32.1
|
Section
906 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer.
|
†
Registrant has requested confidential treatment pursuant to Exchange Act Rule
24b-2 for portions of this exhibit.
**
Management contract for compensatory plan or arrangement.
-
49
-
TEGAL
CORPORATION
SCHEDULE
II — VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Years
Ended March 31, 2005, 2006, 2007
Description
|
Balance
At
Beginning
of Year
|
Charged
to
Costs
and
Expenses
|
Charged
to
Other
Accounts
|
Deductions
|
Balance
At
End
of
Year
|
Year
ended March 31, 2005:
|
|||||
Allowances
for doubtful accounts
|
(210)
|
(335)
|
—
|
3
|
(542)
|
Sales
returns and allowances
|
(59)
|
69
|
—
|
—
|
10
|
Cash
discounts
|
(1)
|
(6)
|
—
|
6
|
(1)
|
Year
ended March 31, 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowances
for doubtful accounts
|
(542)
|
(18)
|
—
|
381
|
(179)
|
Sales
returns and allowances
|
(10)
|
(15)
|
—
|
—
|
(25)
|
Cash
discounts
|
1
|
(3)
|
—
|
—
|
(2)
|
Year
ended March 31, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowances
for doubtful accounts
|
(179)
|
(134)
|
—
|
33
|
(280)
|
Sales
returns and allowances
|
(25)
|
(102)
|
—
|
—
|
(127)
|
Cash
discounts
|
(2)
|
(7)
|
—
|
1
|
(6)
|
-
50
-
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf
by
the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Tegal
Corporation
By:
____/s/_ THOMAS R.
MIKA_________
Thomas R. Mika
President,
Chief Executive
Officer and Chairman of the Board
Dated:
June 29, 2007
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has
been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
|
Title
|
Date
|
/s/ THOMAS
R. MIKA
|
President, CEO, and Chairman of the Board
|
June
29, 2007
|
Thomas R. Mika
|
(Principal
Executive Officer)
|
|
/s/ CHRISTINE
T. HERGENROTHER*
|
Chief
Financial Officer (Principal
|
June
29, 2007
|
Christine T. Hergenrother
|
Financial
and Accounting Officer)
|
|
/s/ EDWARD
A. DOHRING*
|
Director
|
June
29, 2007
|
Edward A. Dohring
|
||
/s/ JEFFREY
M. KRAUSS*
|
Director
|
June
29, 2007
|
Jeffrey M. Krauss
|
||
/s/ DUANE
WADSWORTH*
|
Director
|
June
29, 2007
|
Duane Wadsworth
|
||
*By: /s/
THOMAS R. MIKA
|
||
Thomas R. Mika
|
|
|
Attorney-in-fact
|
||
|
||
-
51
-
INDEX
TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit
Number
|
Description
|
3.1
|
Certificate
of Incorporation of the Registrant, as amended
|
3.2
|
Restated
By-laws of Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 included
in Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on November 3, 2006)
|
10.1
|
Form
of Unit Purchase Agreement dated December 31, 2001 (incorporated
by
reference to Exhibit (i) to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 13,
2002)
|
10.2
|
Form
of Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (ii) to the Registrant’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on February 13, 2002)
|
10.3
|
Form
of Unit Subscription Agreement dated June 30, 2003 (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2,
2003)
|
10.4
|
Form
of Warrant dated June 30, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.5
to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2003)
|
10.5
|
Form
of Security Agreement between the Registrant and Orin Hirschmann
dated
June 30, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 2, 2003)
|
**10.6
|
Fifth
Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan for Outside Directors (incorporated
by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on 10-Q, for the quarter
ended June 30, 2006, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on
August 14, 2006
|
**10.7
|
Eighth
Amended and Restated 1998 Equity Participation Plan of Tegal Corporation
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006 filed with
the
Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2006.
|
**10.8
|
Second
Amended and Restated Employee Qualified Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated
by reference to Appendix C to the Registrant’s revised definitive proxy
statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on July 29, 2004)
|
**10.9
|
1990
Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-84702)
declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on October
18, 1995)
|
**10.10
|
Form
of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement for Employees from the Seventh
Amended and Restated 1998 Equity Participation Plan (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November
12,
2004)
|
**10.11
|
Form
of Restricted Stock Unit Aware Agreement from the Eighth Amended
and
Restated 1998 Equity Participation (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit
10.5.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on July 11, 2005)
|
**10.12
|
Employment
Agreement between the Registrant and Thomas Mika dated as of August
12,
2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003
filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 27,
2003)
|
**10.13
|
Employment
Agreement between the Registrant and Steve Selbrede dated as of May
3,
2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Registrant’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005
filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29,
2005)
|
10.14
|
Stock
Purchase agreement between Tegal and the investor parties there to
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on
July 11, 2005)
|
10.15
|
Form
of Warrant Agreement between Tegal and the investor parties there
to
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on
July 11, 2005).
|
10.16
|
Lease,
dated December 21, 2005, by and between BRE/PCCP Orchard LLC, as
Landlord,
and Tegal Corporation, as Tenant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended December 31, 2005, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on February 10, 2006).
|
10.17
|
Sublease
Agreement, dated December 30, 2005, by and between Silicon Genesis
Corporation, as Sublandlord, and Tegal Corporation, as Subtenant
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2005, filed
with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 10,
2006).
|
**10.18
|
Restricted
Stock Unit Award Agreement between Tegal Corporation and Brad Mattson,
dated July 5, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 11,
2005).
|
**10.19
|
Letter
Agreement, dated July 5, 2005, between Tegal Corporation and Brad
Mattson
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
July 11,
2005).
|
**10.20
|
Restricted
Stock Unit Award Agreement between Tegal Corporation and Tom Mika,
dated
July 5, 2005, (incorporate by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on July 11, 2005).
|
10.23†
|
Exclusive
Distributor Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2006, between Tegal
Corporation and Noah Corporation.
|
16.1
|
Letter
of Moss Adams LLP to the Securities and Exchange Commission dated
August
25, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.1 to the Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on August 28, 2006).
|
21.1
|
List
of Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
|
23.1
|
Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Burr, Pilger &
Mayer LLP.
|
23.2
|
Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Moss Adams
LLP.
|
24.1
|
Power
of Attorney (included on signature page
hereto).
|
31.1
|
Section
302 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer.
|
31.2
|
Section
302 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer.
|
32.1
|
Section
906 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer.
|
†
Registrant has requested confidential treatment pursuant to Exchange Act Rule
24b-2 for portions of this exhibit.
**
Management contract for compensatory plan or arrangement.
-
52
-
Exhibit
23.1
CONSENT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We
hereby
consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements on Form
S-8
(Nos. 333-128953, 333-12473, 333-66781, 333-88373, 333-51294, 333-110650, and
333-119272), Form S-2 (No. 333-83840), and Form S-3 (Nos. 333-127494,
333-128943, 333-38086, 333-94093, 333-52265, 333-107422, 333-108921, 333-113045,
333-116980, and 333-118641) of Tegal Corporation of our report dated June 27,
2007 relating to the audit of the consolidated financial statements and
financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended March 31, 2007 which
appears in this 10-K.
/s/
Burr
Pilger & Mayer LLP
San
Francisco, California
June
27,
2007
-
53
-
Exhibit
23.2
CONSENT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We
consent to the incorporation by reference in Tegal Corporation’s Registration
Statement on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-128953, 333-12473, 333-66781, 333-88373,
333-51294, 333-110650, and 333-119272), Form S-2 (No. 333-83840), and Form
S-3
(Nos. 333-127494, 333-128943, 333-38086, 333-94093, 333-52265, 333-107422,
333-108921, 333-113045, 333-116980, and 333-118641) of our report on the audit
of the consolidated financial statements of Tegal Corporation as of March 31,
2006, and for the years ended March 31, 2006 and 2005. Our report, which is
dated June 9, 2006, appears in Tegal Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended March 31, 2007.
/s/
Moss
Adams LLP
Santa
Rosa, California
June
26,
2007
-
54
-
EXHIBIT
31.1
CERTIFICATION
OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT
TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I,
Thomas
R. Mika, certify that:
1. I
have
reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Tegal Corporation;
2. Based
on
my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made,
in
light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based
on
my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included
in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the
periods presented in this report;
4. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and
maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules
13a-15(e) and 15d-14(e)) for the registrant and we have:
(a) designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls
and
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the
period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) evaluated
the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and
presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by
this
report based on such evaluation;
(c)
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over
financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal
quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report)
that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,
the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The
registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most
recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the
registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of
directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):
(a) all
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation
of
internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to
adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and
report financial information; and
(b) any
fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees
who
have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial
reporting.
Date:
June 29, 2007 /s/ ____ Thomas
R. Mika_____
Chief
Executive Officer and President
-
55
-
EXHIBIT
31.2
CERTIFICATION
OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT
TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I,
Christine Hergenrother, certify that:
1. I
have
reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Tegal Corporation;
2. Based
on
my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made,
in
light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading
with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based
on
my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included
in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the
periods presented in this report;
4. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and
maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules
13a-15(e) and 15d-14(e)) for the registrant and we have:
(a) designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls
and
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the
period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) evaluated
the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and
presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by
this
report based on such evaluation;
(c)
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over
financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal
quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report)
that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,
the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The
registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most
recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the
registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of
directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):
(a) all
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation
of
internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to
adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and
report financial information; and
(b) any
fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees
who
have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial
reporting.
Date: June
29, 2007 /s/
______Christine Hergenrother _____
Chief
Financial Officer
-
56
-
EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO
SECTION
906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(18
U.S.C. SECTION 1350)
In
connection with the amended Annual Report of Tegal Corporation, a Delaware
corporation (the “Company”), on Form 10-K for the year ending March 31, 2006 as
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Thomas R.
Mika, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant
to
§ 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. § 1350), that to my
knowledge:
(1)
The
Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(2)
The
information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects,
the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.
/s/ Thomas
R. Mika___
Chief
Executive Officer and President
June
29, 2007
CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO
SECTION
906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(18
U.S.C. SECTION 1350)
In
connection with the amended Annual Report of Tegal Corporation, a Delaware
corporation (the “Company”), on Form 10-K for the year ending March 31, 2006 as
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Christine
Hergenrother, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to
§ 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. § 1350), that to my knowledge:
(1)
The
Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(2)
The
information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects,
the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.
/s/ Christine
Hergenrother___
Chief
Financial Officer
June
29, 2007