Annual Statements Open main menu

Rennova Health, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2008 November (Form 10-Q)

fy2009_10q2.htm





 


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 
________________
 
FORM 10-Q
________________
 

 
                                                        (Mark One)

 
                                                        [X]                QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
                                                            OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008

or

                                                        [   ]                TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
                                                            OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 
Commission File Number: 0-26824

TEGAL CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware
68-0370244
(State or other jurisdiction of
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
 

2201 South McDowell Blvd.
Petaluma, California 94954
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

Telephone Number (707) 763-5600
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 
________________
 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes [X]    No [   ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer   [  ]                                                                                                                                                                                                 Accelerated Filer  [  ]

Non-Accelerated Filer     [  ] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)                                                                                                           Smaller reporting company  [X ]


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ]  No [X]

As of November 12, 2008 there were 8,323,477of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding.  The number of shares outstanding reflects a 1 to 12 reverse stock split effected by the Registrant on July 25, 2006.


 

 





TEGAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX

   
Page
 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
 
Item 1.
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
3
 
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2008 and March 31, 2008
3
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months and six months ended  September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007
4
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007
5
       
           
 
 
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
6
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
11
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
15
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
15
 
 
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
 
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
16
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
18
Item 6.
Exhibits
18
Signatures
 
   19


 
- 2 -

 

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

TEGAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)


   
September 30,
   
March 31,
 
   
2008
   
2008
 
ASSETS
           
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 14,017     $ 19,271  
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for sales returns and doubtful accounts of $213 and $191 at September 30, 2008 and March 31, 2008, respectively
    4,609       6,758  
Inventories, net
    13,690       11,056  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    659       788  
Total current assets
    32,975       37,873  
Property and equipment, net
    1,210       1,213  
Intangible assets, net
    3,856       903  
Other assets
    75       90  
Total assets
  $ 38,116     $ 40,079  
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Current liabilities:
               
Notes/Leases payable
  $ 6     $ 14  
Accounts payable
    602       1,469  
Accrued product warranty
    947       1,770  
Deferred revenue
    260       252  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    1,966       3,644  
Total current liabilities
    3,781       7,149  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
               
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Preferred stock; $0.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
    -       -  
Common stock; $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 8,321,496 and 7,242,736  shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and March 31, 2008, respectively
    83       72  
Additional paid-in capital
    128,217       123,567  
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
    (412 )     (446 )
Accumulated deficit
    (93,553 )     (90,263 )
Total stockholders’ equity
    34,335       32,930  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 38,116     $ 40,079  

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.



 
- 3 -

 


TEGAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)



   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
                         
Revenue
  $ 2,010     $ 10,800     $ 6,739     $ 15,398  
Cost of revenue
    989       6,560       3,391       9,537  
Gross profit
    1,021       4,240       3,348       5,861  
Operating expenses:
                               
Research and development expenses
    1,145       1,057       2,280       1,835  
Sales and marketing expenses
    839       1,279       1,682       2,285  
General and administrative expenses
    1,471       1,448       2,801       2,651  
Total operating expenses
    3,455       3,784       6,763       6,771  
Operating (loss) income
    (2,434 )     456       (3,415 )     (910 )
Other (expense) income, net
    (65 )     237       125       964  
(Loss) income before income tax expense (benefit)
    (2,499 )     693       (3,290 )     54  
Tax Expense
    -       -       -       -  
Net (loss) income
  $ (2,499 )   $ 693     $ (3,290 )   $ 54  
                                 
Net (loss) income per share:
                               
Basic
  $ (0.34 )   $ 0.10     $ (0.45 )   $ 0.01  
Diluted
  $ (0.34 )   $ 0.10     $ (0.45 )   $ 0.01  
Weighted average shares used in per share computation:
                         
Basic
    7,339       7,119       7,338       7,111  
Diluted
    7,339       7,264       7,338       7,219  




See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
- 4 -

 

TEGAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)


 
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
           
Net (Loss) Income
  $ (3,290 )   $ 54  
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    374       394  
Stock compensation expense
    647       776  
Stock issued under stock purchase plan
    14       8  
Provision for doubtful accounts and sales returns allowances
    22       (183 )
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
    16       --  
Fair value of warrants and options issued for services rendered
    --       24  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivables
    2,119       (1,231 )
Inventories, net
    (746 )     (5,617 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    143       (437 )
Accounts payable
    (872 )     1,895  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
    (1,687 )     (363 )
Accrued product warranty
    (848 )     357  
Litigation Suspense
    --       (995 )
Deferred revenue
    8       98  
Net cash used in operating activities
    (4,100 )     (5,220 )
Cash flows used in investing activities:
               
Purchases of property and equipment
    (241 )     (228 )
Net cash used to acquire AMMS assets
    (1,000 )     --  
Net cash used in investing activities:
    (1,241 )     (228 )
Cash flows provided by financing activities:
               
(Repayments) borrowings under notes payable and bank lines of credit
    -       (10 )
Payments on capital lease financing
    (8 )     --  
Net cash used in financing activities
    (8 )     (10 )
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
    95       30  
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (5,254 )     (5,428 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    19,271       25,776  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 14,017     $ 20,348  
                 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities:
               
Shares issued in asset acquisition
  $ 4,000     $ -  


See accompanying notes.



 
- 5 -

 

TEGAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
(All amounts in thousands, except share data)

1.      Basis of Presentation:

In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the March 31, 2008 audited consolidated financial statements and include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly state the information set forth herein.  The statements have been prepared in accordance with the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), but omit certain information and footnote disclosures necessary to present the statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008.  The results of operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the entire year.

Our consolidated financial statements contemplate the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. We had net (loss) income of ($3,290) and $54 for the six month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We used cash flows from operations of ($4,100) and ($5,220) for the periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  In fiscal 2008 we financed our operations through net cash provided by operations and from the release of $14,705 from litigation suspense related to the settlement of the AMS litigation.  In fiscal 2007 we financed our operations through the use of outstanding cash balances.  We believe that these proceeds, combined with continued cost containment, will be adequate to fund operations through the next twelve months.  However, projected sales may not materialize and unforeseen costs may be incurred.  If the projected sales do not materialize, we will need to reduce expenses further and raise additional capital through the issuance of debt or equity securities. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of preferred stock or debt, these securities could have rights, privileges or preferences senior to those of common stock, and debt covenants could impose restrictions on our operations. The sale of equity or debt could result in additional dilution to current stockholders, and such financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash investments and accounts receivable. Substantially all of the Company’s liquid investments are invested in money market funds. The Company’s accounts receivable are derived primarily from sales to customers located in the United States, Europe and Asia. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally requires no collateral. The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses. Write-offs during the periods presented have been insignificant. As of September 30, 2008 two customers accounted for approximately 48% of the accounts receivable balance.  As of September 30, 2007 one customer accounted for approximately 81% of the accounts receivable balance.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2008, Abbot Point of Care and International Rectifier, accounted for 41% of our total revenue.  During the quarter ended September 30, 2007 ST Microelectronics accounted for 83% of total revenues.  During the six months ended September 30, 2008, SVTC Tech LLC and Diodes Fab Tech Inc, accounted for 49% of our total revenue.  During the six months ended September 30, 2007 ST Microelectronics accounted for 79% of total revenues.

Stock Based Compensation

The Company has adopted several stock plans that provide for the issuance of equity instruments to the Company’s employees and non-employee directors. The Company’s plans include incentive and non-statutory stock options and restricted stock awards. Stock options and restricted stock awards generally vest ratably over a four-year period on the anniversary date of the grant, and expire ten years after the grant date.  On occasion restricted stock awards may vest on the achievement of specific performance targets.  The Company also has employee stock purchase plans that allow qualified employees to purchase Company shares at 85% of the lower of the stock’s market value on specified dates.  The stock based compensation for our Employee Stock Purchase Plan was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Technical Bulletin No. 97-1, Accounting under Statement 123 for Certain Employee Stock Purchase Plans with a Look-Back Option, as amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) 123R.

Effective April 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004) “Accounting for Stock Based Compensation” or (“SFAS 123R”) using the modified prospective transition method.

Total stock based compensation expense related to awards and options for the six months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $688 and $776, respectively.  Total stock based compensation expense related to awards and options for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $344 and $395, respectively.  The total compensation expense related to non-vested awards and options not yet recognized is $1,772.

The Company used the following valuation assumptions to estimate the fair value of options granted for the periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 respectively:

 STOCK OPTIONS:
 
2008
   
2007
 
Expected life (years)
    4.0       4.0  
Volatility
    64.7 %     47.0 %
Risk-free interest rate
    2.18 %     4.51 %
Dividend yield
    0 %     0 %

ESPP awards were valued using the Black-Scholes model with expected volatility calculated using a six-month historical volatility.

 ESPP:
 
2008
   
2007
 
Expected life (years)
    0.5       0.5  
Volatility
    74.4 %     44.5 %
Risk-free interest rate
    1.87 %     4.99 %
Dividend yield
    0 %     0 %


During the three months ended September 30, 2008, there were 34,997 stock option awards granted.

- 6 -

Stock Options & Warrants

 A summary of stock option and warrant activity during the quarter ended September 30, 2008 is as follows:


             
Weighted
 
         
Weighted
 
Average
 
         
Average
 
Remaining
Aggregate
         
Exercise
 
Contractual
Intrinsic
   
Shares
   
Price
 
Term (in Years)
Value
Beginning outstanding
    2,259,170     $ 10.55      
Granted
                   
   Price = market value
    34,997     $ 3.53      
       Total
    34,997     $ 3.53      
Exercised
    --     $ 0.00      
Cancelled
                   
   Forfeited
    (26,505 )   $ 4.41      
   Expired
    (750 )   $ 17.21      
   Total
    (27,255 )   $ 4.76      
                     
Ending outstanding
    2,266,912     $ 10.51  
4.07
$-
Ending vested and expected to vest
    2,231,838     $ 10.61  
3.99
$-
Ending exercisable
    1,793,628     $ 12.13  
2.80
$-

The aggregate intrinsic value of options and warrants outstanding at September 30, 2008 is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying options and the market price of our common stock as of September 30, 2008.

The following table summarizes information with respect to stock options and warrants outstanding as of September 30, 2008:

 
           
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
Weighted Average
 
Range Of
   
Range Of
   
Number Outstanding As of
   
Weighted Average Remaining
   
Weighted Average
   
Number Exercisable As Of
   
Exercise Price As Of
 
 Exercise Prices      Exercise Prices    
September 30, 2008
   
Contractual Term (in years)
   
 Exercise Price
   
September 30, 2008
   
September 30, 2008
 
$ 3.44     $ 4.20       296,558       9.38     $ 4.08       --     $ --  
  4.60       4.60       257,168       7.94       4.60       98,047       4.60  
  4.63       7.08       239,066       4.89       6.09       222,711       6.08  
  7.20       8.28       59,162       6.70       8.19       59,162       8.19  
  12.00       12.00       1,284,990       1.93       12.00       1,284,990       12.00  
  12.36       56.28       122,473       2.73       27.41       121,223       27.53  
  92.26       92.26       416       1.44       92.26       416       92.26  
  92.52       92.52       4,165       1.38       92.52       4,165       92.52  
  99.00       99.00       2,498       1.49       99.00       2,498       99.00  
  105.00       105.00       416       3.98       105.00       416       105.00  
                                                     
$ 3.44     $ 105.00       2,266,912       4.07     $ 10.51       1,793,628     $ 12.13  



Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock award activity for the three months ended September 30, 2008

   
 
Number of
Shares
   
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Balance, June 30,2008
    328,181     $ 4.14  
Awarded
    -     $ -  
Released
    (19,938 )   $ 3.78  
Forfeited
    (25,568 )   $ 0.00  
Balance, September 30,2008
    282,675     $ 3.22  

Unvested restricted stock at September 30, 2008

As of September 30, 2008 there was $717 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock which is expected to be recognized over a period of 1.4 years.

- 7 -

2.      Inventories:

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, reduced by provisions for excess and obsolescence. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis and includes material, labor and manufacturing overhead costs. We estimate the effects of excess and obsolescence on the carrying values of our inventories based upon estimates of future demand and market conditions. We establish provisions for related inventories in excess of production demand. Should actual production demand differ from our estimates, additional inventory write-downs may be required.  Any excess and obsolete provision is released only if and when the related inventory is sold or scrapped.  During the six months ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, the Company sold or scrapped previously reserved inventory of $29 and $139, respectively.  The inventory provision balance at September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007 was $3,666 and $3,771, respectively.

Inventories for the periods presented consisted of:


   
September 30,
   
March 31,
 
   
2008
   
2008
 
Raw materials
  $ 5,414     $ 4,674  
Work in progress
    5,317       4,663  
Finished goods and spares
    2,959       1,719  
    $ 13,690     $ 11,056  


We periodically analyze any systems that are in finished goods inventory to determine if they are suitable for current customer requirements.  At the present time, our policy is that, if after approximately 18 months, we determine that a sale will not take place within the next 12 months and the system would be useable for customer demonstrations or training, it is transferred to fixed assets.  Otherwise, it is expensed.

3.           Product Warranty:

The Company provides warranty on all system sales based on the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized.  The warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, material usage rates, and the efficiency by which the product failure is corrected.  Warranty activity for the three and six months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:


   
Warranty Activity for the
   
Warranty Activity for the
 
   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
 
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
  $ 1,315     $ 1,191     $ 1,770  
Additional warranty accruals for warranties issued during the period
    20       292       182  
Settlements made during the period
    (388 )     (48 )     (1,005 )
Balance at the end of the period
  $ 947     $ 1,435     $ 947  



Certain of the Company's sales contracts include provisions under which customers would be indemnified by the Company in the event of, among other things, a third-party claim against the customer for intellectual property rights infringement related to the Company's products. There are no limitations on the maximum potential future payments under these guarantees. The Company has accrued no amounts in relation to these provisions as no such claims have been made and the Company believes it has valid, enforceable rights to the intellectual property embedded in its products.

4.      Net Loss Per Common Share:

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net (loss) income available to common stockholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding (denominator) for the period. For periods of net income, diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. The computation of diluted EPS uses the average market price of the common stock during the period.

Basic net loss per common share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding.

The following table represents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per common share (in thousands, except per share data):


 
   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
Net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders
  $ (2,499 )   $ 693     $ (3,290 )   $ 54  
Basic and diluted:
                               
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
    7,339       7,119       7,338       7,111  
Less weighted-average common shares subject to repurchase
    --       --       --       --  
Weighted-average common shares used in computing basic net income (loss) per common share.
    7,339       7,119       7,338       7,111  
Plus diluted - common stock equivalents
    --       145       --       108  
Weighted-average common shares used in diluted net income (loss) per common share
    7,339       7,264       7,338       7,219  
Basic net income (loss) per common share
  $ (0.34 )   $ 0.10     $ (0.45 )   $ 0.01  
Diluted net income (loss) per common share
  $ (0.34 )   $ 0.10     $ (0.45 )   $ 0.01  


Outstanding options, warrants and restricted stock equivalent of 2,549,587 and 2,453,261 shares of common stock at a weighted-average exercise price of $9.70 and $11.37 per share on September 30, 2008 and 2007 respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per common share for the periods presented as a result of their anti-dilutive effect.  Such securities could potentially dilute earnings per share in future periods.

- 8 -

5.      Stock-Based Transactions:

Issuance of Warrants to Consultants

The Company issued no warrants to any party for the six months ended September 30, 2008.  During the six months ended September 30, 2007 the Company issued 5,000 warrants valued at $9 using the Black-Scholes model with an exercise price at the market value on the day of the grant and an average interest rate of 4.51% and a 5 year life.

6.      Derivative Instruments:

As defined in SFAS No. 157, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the Company uses various methods including market, income and cost approaches. Based on these approaches, the Company utilizes certain assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and or the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable firm inputs. The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Based on the observability of the inputs used in the valuation techniques the Company is required to provide the following information according to the fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value will be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments whose value is based on quoted market prices such as exchange-traded derivatives and listed equities. This category also includes financial instruments that are valued using alternative approaches but for which the Company typically receives independent external valuation information including U.S. Treasuries, other U.S. Government and agency securities and certain cash instruments such as money market funds and certificates of deposit.

Level 2 includes financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry standard models that consider various assumptions, including time value, yield curve, volatility factors, prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severity, current market and contractual prices for the underlying financial instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Financial instruments in this category include sovereign debt, certain corporate equities, corporate debt, certain U.S. agency and non-agency mortgage-backed securities and non-exchange-traded derivatives such as interest rate swaps.

        Level 3 is comprised of financial instruments whose fair value is estimated based on internally developed models or methodologies utilizing significant inputs that are generally less readily observable. Included in this category are distressed debt, non-performing mortgage-related assets, certain performing residential and commercial mortgage loans, certain mortgage- and asset-backed securities and residual interests, Chapter 13 and other credit card receivables from individuals, and complex derivative structures including long-dated equity derivatives.

In determining the appropriate levels, the Company performs a detailed analysis of the assets and liabilities that are subject to SFAS No. 157. At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant unobservable inputs are classified as Level 3.

Financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, including contractual commitments arising pursuant to futures, forward and option contracts, interest rate swaps and other derivative contracts, are recorded on a trade-date basis at fair value. Fair value is generally based on quoted market prices. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is determined based on other relevant factors, including dealer price quotations, price activity for equivalent instruments and valuation pricing models. Valuation pricing models consider time value, yield curve and volatility factors, prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severity, current market and contractual prices for the underlying financial instruments, as well as other measurements.

 
As of September 24, 2008, the Company is a party to a foreign exchange contract to sell Euros, which was used to hedge a sales transaction in which costs are denominated in U.S. dollars and the related revenues are generated in Euros.   As of September 30, 2008 the fair value of the Company’s foreign exchange contract was $4, using level 1 inputs as defined by SFAS No. 157.

The Company has no lines of credit.

7.      Acquisition

On September 2, 2008, the Company, Alcatel Micro Machining Systems, a French corporation (“AMMS”), and Alcatel Lucent, a French Corporation (“Alcatel” and together with AMMS, the “Sellers”), entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase Deep Reactive Ion Etch (DRIE) and Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) products, and the related intellectural property (the “Assets”) for an aggregate consideration of $5,000,000 (the “Purchase Price”).  On September 16, 2008, the parties closed this transaction and the Company paid $1,000,000 in cash and $4,000,000 in shares of the Company’s common stock. The 1,044,386 shares of common stock issued to the Seller was calculated by obtaining  the quotient of (a) $4,000,000 divided by (b) the average of the closing sales prices of the Common Stock as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market on the five (5) consecutive trading days immediately prior to (but excluding) the closing date of the Acquisition.
 
In connection with the Acquisition, the Company and a Seller or an affiliate of the Sellers entered into an intellectual property agreement providing for the transfer of specified intellectual property rights to the Company, a trademark license agreement allowing for the limited use of the AMMS trademark by the Company, and a preferred supplier agreement pursuant to which the Company will purchase certain equipment from an affiliate of the Sellers.
 
Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, AMMS designated Mr. Gilbert Bellini to serve as a member of the Company’s board of directors. AMMS’ designation right terminates upon the later of (a) the termination or expiration of certain customer services related agreements set forth in the Purchase Agreement, and (b) when AMMS beneficially owns less than 5% of the number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding (including the shares to be issued to the Sellers).
 
The purchase price was allocated as follows:

Assets acquired:
     
Trademarks
  $ 428  
 Patents
    2,648  
   Customer Relationships
    --  
   Inventory
    1,900  
Total Identifiable Assets
    4,976  
   Fixed Assets
    24  
Total acquired assets
  $ 5,000  


- 9 -

8.           Geographical Information

The Company operates in one segment for the manufacture, marketing and servicing of integrated circuit fabrication equipment.  In accordance with SFAS No. 131 (“SFAS 131”) “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” the Company’s chief operating decision-maker has been identified as the President and Chief Executive Officer, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire company.

For geographical reporting, revenues are attributed to the geographic location in which the customers’ facilities are located.  Long-lived assets consist of property, plant and equipment, and are attributed to the geographic location in which they are located.  Net sales and long-lived assets by geographic region were as follows:



   
Revenue for the
   
Revenue for the
 
   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
Sales to customers located in:
                       
United States
  $ 1,166     $ 387     $ 4,874     $ 1,116  
Asia
    265       3,036       717       3,394  
Germany
    60       809       175       1,383  
Europe, excluding Germany
    519       6,568       973       9,505  
Total sales
  $ 2,010     $ 10,800     $ 6,739     $ 15,398  


 
   
Long-lived
Assets as of:
 
   
September 30, 2008
   
March 31, 2008
 
Long-lived assets at period-end:
           
United States
  $ 1,200     $ 1,195  
Europe
    10       18  
Total long-lived assets
  $ 1,210     $ 1,213  


9.      Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, FASB issued Statement of Financial Standards No. 157 (“SFAS 157”), Fair Value Measurements”. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurements; rather, it applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. The provisions of SFAS 157 are to be applied prospectively as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which it is initially applied, with any transition adjustment recognized as a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007.  The Company is complying with SFAS 157 as of April 1, 2008 as follows.   Before September 26, 2008, the Company held no derivatives, commodity instruments or other financial instruments for trading purposes.  The only assets and liabilities valued using a fair value methodology were related to stock based compensation.  The Company has been using this valuation method since April 1, 2006 when it adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123R.  On September 26, 2008, the Company became a party to a foreign exchange contract to sell Euros.   See Note 6 Financial Instruments.

In February 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 provides entities with the option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Business entities adopting SFAS 159 will report unrealized gains and losses in earnings at each subsequent reporting date on items for which fair value option has been elected. SFAS 159 establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS 159 requires additional information that will help investors and other financial statement users to understand the effect of an entity’s choice to use fair value on its earnings.  SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, with earlier adoption permitted. The Company is complying with SFAS 159 as of April 1, 2008 and chose not to elect the fair value option for its financial assets and liabilities that had not previously been carried at fair value.

In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations”, (“SFAS 141R”) which replaces SFAS No 141.  SFAS 141R retains the purchase method of accounting for acquisitions, but requires a number of changes, including changes in the way assets and liabilities are recognized in the purchase accounting. It also changes the recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contingencies, requires the capitalization of in-process research and development at fair value, and requires the expensing of acquisition-related costs as incurred. SFAS No. 141R is effective for the Company beginning April 1, 2009 and will apply prospectively to business combinations completed on or after that date.
 

In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statement, - an amendment of ARB No. 51”, (“SFAS 160”) which changes the accounting and reporting for minority interests.  Minority interests will be recharacterized as noncontrolling interests and will be reported as a component of equity separate from the parent’s equity, and purchases or sales of equity interests that do not result in a change in control will be accounted for as equity transactions. In addition, net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest will be included in consolidated net income on the face of the income statement and, upon a loss of control, the interest sold, as well as any interest retained, will be recorded at fair value with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. SFAS No. 160 is effective for the Company beginning April 1, 2009 and will apply prospectively, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements, which will apply retrospectively.  SFAS 160 has no material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS 161”), which requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities and thereby improves the transparency of financial reporting. The statement requires disclosure about (a) why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.  SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008.  SFAS 161 has no material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 162 "The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles" ("SFAS 162"). SFAS 162 identifies the sources of generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. SFAS 162 is effective sixty days following the SEC's approval of PCAOB amendments to AU Section 411, "The Meaning of 'Present fairly in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles'". The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS 162 on its consolidated financial statements.

On May 23, 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 163, “Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts” (“SFAS 163”). The new standard clarifies how SFAS 60, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises”, applies to financial guarantee insurance contracts issued by insurance enterprises, including the recognition and measurement of premium revenue and claim liabilities. It also requires expanded disclosures about financial guarantee insurance contracts.  SFAS 163 has no material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2007, FASB’s Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) reached a consensus on EITF Issue No. 07-3, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research and Development Activities” (“EITF Issue No. 07-3”) that would require nonrefundable advance payments made by the Company for future research and development activities to be capitalized and recognized as an expense as the goods or services are received by the Company. The Company does not expect EITF Issue No. 07-3 to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, FASB ratified the EITF consensus on EITF Issue No. 07-1, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements” that discusses how parties to a collaborative arrangement (which does not establish a legal entity within such arrangement) should account for various activities. The consensus indicates that costs incurred and revenues generated from transactions with third parties (i.e., parties outside of the collaborative arrangement) should be reported by the collaborators on the respective line items in their income statements pursuant to EITF Issue No. 99-19, “Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal Versus Net as an Agent.”  Additionally, the consensus provides that income statement characterization of payments between the participants in a collaborative arrangement should be based upon existing authoritative pronouncements, analogy to such pronouncements if not within their scope, or a reasonable, rational, and consistently applied accounting policy election. EITF Issue No. 07-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and is to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented for collaborative arrangements existing as of the date of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts and disclosures of this standard, but would not expect EITF Issue No. 07-1 to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


- 10 -

Item 2.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – (Amounts in thousands)

Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

Information contained or incorporated by reference in this report contains forward-looking statements.  These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and beliefs and involve numerous risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations.  These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as predictions of future events as we cannot assure you that the events or circumstances reflected in these statements will be achieved or will occur.  You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate” or “continue” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology which constitutes projected financial information.  These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about Tegal Corporation  including, but not limited to, industry conditions, economic conditions, acceptance of new technologies and market acceptance of Tegal Corporation’s  products and service.  For a discussion of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements, see the “Part Item 1A—Risk Factors” and the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section set forth in this section  and such other risks and uncertainties as set forth below in this report or detailed in our other SEC reports and filings. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements.

Tegal Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“Tegal” or the “Company”), designs, manufactures, markets and services plasma etch and deposition systems that enable the production of integrated circuits (“ICs”), memory and related microelectronics devices used in portable computers, cell phones, PDAs and RFID applications; megapixel imaging chips used in digital and cell phone cameras; power amplifiers for portable handsets and wireless networking gear; and MEMS devices like accelerometers for automotive airbags, microfluidic control devices for ink jet printers; and laboratory-on-a-chip medical test kits.  Etching and deposition constitute two of the principal IC and related device production process steps and each must be performed numerous times in the production of such devices.

Semiconductor Industry Background

Over the past twenty years, the semiconductor industry has experienced significant growth. This growth has resulted from the increasing demand for ICs from traditional IC markets, such as personal computers, telecommunications, consumer electronics, automotive electronics and office equipment, as well as developing markets, such as wireless communications, multimedia and portable and network computing. As a result of this increased demand, semiconductor device manufacturers have periodically expended significant amounts of capital to build new semiconductor fabrication facilities (“fabs”) and to expand existing fabs.  More recently, growth has slowed, and the industry is maturing as the cost of building new wafer fabs has increased dramatically.  Similarly, the rate of semiconductor sales growth has slowed as the industry feels the effects of the current economic environment and average selling prices of chips continue to decline.  The industry faces a period of uncertainty with a steep decline in consumer confidence and caution in the enterprise segment. There is growing pressure on semiconductor device manufacturers to reduce manufacturing costs while increasing the value of their products.  The semiconductor industry has also been historically cyclical, with periods of rapid expansion followed by periods of over-capacity.  Currently, the industry is experiencing a down-turn, heightened by tighter credit markets and the negative economic environment.  These circumstances have caused customers to delay or reconsider expenditures on capital equipment. While we have seen our customers’ capital expenditures slow recently, we expect our customers’ capital spending to increase over the long term as demand from various industries continues to steadily rise.

Growth in the semiconductor industry has been driven, in large part, by advances in semiconductor performance at a decreasing cost per function. Advanced semiconductor processing technologies increasingly allow semiconductor manufacturers to produce ICs with smaller features, thereby increasing processing speed and expanding device functionality and memory capacity. As ICs have become more complex, however, both the number and price of state of the art process tools required to manufacture ICs have increased significantly. As a result, the cost of semiconductor manufacturing equipment has become an increasingly large part of the total cost of producing advanced ICs.

To create an IC, semiconductor wafers are subjected to a large number of complex process steps. The three primary steps in manufacturing ICs are (1) deposition, in which a layer of insulating or conducting material is deposited on the wafer surface, (2) photolithography, in which the circuit pattern is projected onto a light sensitive material (the photoresist), and (3) etch, in which the unmasked parts of the deposited material on the wafer are selectively removed to form the IC circuit pattern.

   Each step of the manufacturing process for ICs requires specialized manufacturing equipment. Today, plasma-based systems are used for the great majority of both deposition and etching processes. During physical vapor deposition the semiconductor wafer is exposed to a plasma environment that forms continuous thin films of electrically insulating or electrically conductive layers on the semiconductor wafer. During a plasma etch process (also known as “dry etch”), a semiconductor wafer is exposed to a plasma composed of a reactive gas, such as chlorine, which etches away selected portions of the layer underlying the patterned photoresist layer.

Business Strategy

Our business objective is to utilize the technologies that we have developed internally or acquired externally in order to increase our market share in process equipment for both semiconductor manufacturing and nanotechnology device fabrication (i.e., devices smaller than about 100 nanometers).   In the recent past, we have focused on competing with more established competitors by being “designed-in” to the advanced device fabrication plans of our customers.  We have done so primarily by engaging in research and development activities on behalf of our customers that our more established competitors were unwilling or unable to perform.  Many of these advanced devices promise substantial returns as consumer demand for certain functions grows and new markets are created.  However, the timing of the emergence of such demand is highly uncertain.  In addition, the successful integration by our customers of all the various technical processes required to manufacture a device at an acceptable cost is also highly uncertain.  We cannot accurately predict the timing of the stable emergence of these markets.  Due to the cyclical nature of our industry, we expect that net orders will continue to fluctuate.  In the meantime, our costs for maintaining our research and development efforts and our service and manufacturing infrastructure have remained constant or in some cases increased.

At the present time, we are continuing our transition of the Company’s dependence on these highly unpredictable markets to more established equipment markets, where our success is dependent more on our ability to apply successfully our engineering capabilities to solving existing manufacturing problems.  We aim to carefully manage this transition by limiting our research and development efforts to the most promising near-term sales opportunities, while at the same time redirecting all our available resources toward new products aimed at established equipment markets.  Because of our relatively small size, our ability to meet the needs of individual customers is far more important to our success than either macroeconomic factors or industry-wide factors such as cyclicality, although both of these factors affect our performance as well.  As a result, our methods of evaluating our progress will continue to be highly customer-focused.

In order to achieve our business strategy, we are focused on the following key elements:

Maintaining our Technology Leadership Position in New Materials Etch – We are a leading provider of etch process solutions for a set of new materials central to the production of an array of advanced semiconductor and nanotechnology devices in emerging markets.  Incorporation of these new materials is essential to achieving the higher device densities, lower power consumption and novel functions exhibited by the newest generation of cell phones, computer memories, fiber optic switches and remote sensors.  Currently, we are a leading supplier of etch solutions to makers of various advanced “non-volatile” memories, as well as to device makers incorporating compound metals and certain high-K dielectric materials into their devices.  Our new materials expertise also includes the etching of so-called “compound-semi” materials, such as gallium arsenide, gallium nitride and indium phosphide, widely used in telecom device production, as well as expanding use in growth markets such as mobile terminals, digital home appliances as well as enterprise applications, such as wireless local area networks.   The advantages of compound semiconductor devices over traditional silicon devices include higher operating speeds, lower power consumption, reduced noise and distortion, higher operable temperature, light emitting and detecting properties, higher light emission efficiency and longer product life. In addition, we are known for our capability to etch certain noble metals, such as gold and platinum, as well as certain proprietary compound metals.  This capability is increasingly important in advanced memory development and in the production of Micro-Electrical Mechanical Systems (“MEMS”), a type of commercially produced nanotechnology device, especially useful to the automotive industry.  We intend to maintain our leadership position in new materials etch through our own internal development efforts and through various joint development programs and production efforts with leading device manufacturers.

Strengthening our Position in Deposition Process Equipment – Since 2002, we have completed two acquisitions of deposition products incorporating the same unique “sputter-up” technology.  In December 2006, as a result of the settlement of our litigation with Advanced Modular Systems (“AMS”) and others, we also acquired the assets and know-how of a similar deposition system.  These deposition tools enable the production of highly-oriented, thin piezoelectric films composed of aluminum nitride.  Such films are incorporated into high frequency filters called Bulk Acoustic Wave (“BAW”) and Film Bulk Acoustic Resonators (“FBARs”) used in cellular telephone and wireless communications.   In addition our PVD products are well-suited for applications within so-called “back-end” semiconductor manufacturing processes, including backside metallization of ultra-thin wafers and underbump metal processes.  These processes are important to power devices, as well as certain advanced, wafer-level packaging schemes, which are increasingly being used for high-pin-count logic and memory devices.

Introducing a New Product into Established Equipment Market - The continued development of our NLD technology represents our belief that we have a compelling solution to a critical process need in present-day and future semiconductor device fabrication.  As device geometries continue to shrink, conventional chemical vapor deposition (“CVD”) process equipment is increasingly incapable of depositing thin conformal films in high-aspect ratio trenches and vias.  In addition, there appear to be significant applications of our NLD technology in barrier films and high-K materials deposition.  Atomic Level Deposition (“ALD”) is one technology for satisfying this deposition requirement.  However, ALD has several shortcomings, including low throughput and limitations on film type and quality, which we believe our NLD technology overcomes.

Maintaining our Service Leadership Position --   Tegal has been consistently recognized by our customers for providing a high level of customer support, a fact that has been noted by our top rankings for several consecutive years in the annual survey conducted by VLSI Research, Inc.  We expect to maintain and build on this reputation as we seek new customers in both emerging and established markets.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, bad debts, sales returns allowance, inventory, intangible and long lived assets, warranty obligations, restructure expenses, deferred taxes and freight charged to customers. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We believe the following critical accounting policies are the most significant to the presentation of our consolidated financial statements:

- 11 -

Revenue Recognition

Each sale of our equipment is evaluated on an individual basis in regard to revenue recognition.  We have integrated in our evaluation the related interpretative guidance included in Topic 13 of the codification of staff accounting bulletins, and recognize the role of the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) consensus on Issue No. 00-21.  We first refer to EITF 00-21 in order to determine if there is more than one unit of accounting and then we refer to Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 104 for revenue recognition topics for the unit of accounting. We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the seller’s price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.

For products produced according to our published specifications, where no installation is required or installation is deemed perfunctory and no substantive customer acceptance provisions exist, revenue is recognized when title passes to the customer, generally upon shipment. Installation is not deemed to be essential to the functionality of the equipment since installation does not involve significant changes to the features or capabilities of the equipment or building complex interfaces and connections.  In addition, the equipment could be installed by the customer or other vendors and generally the cost of installation approximates only 1% of the sales value of the related equipment.

For products produced according to a particular customer’s specifications, revenue is recognized when the product has been tested and it has been demonstrated that it meets the customer’s specifications and title passes to the customer.  The amount of revenue recorded is reduced by the amount (generally 10%), which is not payable by the customer until installation is completed and final customer acceptance is achieved.

For new products, new applications of existing products, or for products with substantive customer acceptance provisions where performance cannot be fully assessed prior to meeting customer specifications at the customer site, 100% of revenue is recognized upon completion of installation and receipt of final customer acceptance.  Since title to goods generally passes to the customer upon shipment and 90% of the contract amount becomes payable at that time, inventory is relieved and accounts receivable is recorded for the entire contract amount.  The revenue on these transactions is deferred and recorded as deferred revenue.  We reserve for warranty costs at the time the related revenue is recognized.

Revenue related to sales of spare parts is recognized upon shipment.  Revenue related to maintenance and service contracts is recognized ratably over the duration of the contracts.  Unearned maintenance and service revenue is included in deferred revenue.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

We have adopted several stock plans that provide for issuance of equity instruments to our employees and non-employee directors. Our plans include incentive and non-statutory stock options and restricted stock awards. Stock options and restricted stock awards generally vest ratably over a four-year period on the anniversary date of the grant, and expire ten years after the grant date.  Certain restricted stock awards may vest on the achievement of specific performance targets.  We also have employee stock purchase plans that allow qualified employees to purchase Tegal shares at 85% of the fair market value on specified dates.

Effective April 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share Based Payment” (SFAS 123R) using the modified prospective transition method.

Accounts Receivable – Allowance for Sales Returns and Doubtful Accounts

The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for estimated losses resulting from the inability of the Company’s customers to make required payments. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate, or even a single customer was otherwise unable to make payments, additional allowances may be required.  As of September 30, 2008 two customers accounted for approximately 48% of the accounts receivable balance.  As of September 30, 2007 one customer accounted for approximately 81% of the accounts receivable balance.

The Company’s return policy is for spare parts and components only.  A right of return does not exist for systems. Customers are allowed to return spare parts if they are defective upon receipt. The potential returns are offset against gross revenue on a monthly basis.  Management reviews outstanding requests for returns on a quarterly basis to determine that the reserves are adequate.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, reduced by provisions for excess and obsolescence. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis and includes material, labor and manufacturing overhead costs. We estimate the effects of excess and obsolescence on the carrying values of our inventories based upon estimates of future demand and market conditions. We establish provisions for related inventories in excess of production demand. Should actual production demand differ from our estimates, additional inventory write-downs may be required. Any excess and obsolete provision is released only if and when the related inventories is sold or scrapped.   The inventory provision balance at September 30, 2008 and March 31, 2008 was $3,666 and $3,695, respectively.  During the six month periods ending September 30, 2008, and September 30, 2007 the reserve was reduced by $29 and $139, respectively when the Company sold or scrapped previously reserved inventory.

The Company periodically analyzes any systems that are in finished goods inventory to determine if they are suitable for current customer requirements.  At the present time, the company’s policy is that, if after approximately 18 months, it determines that a sale will not take place within the next 12 months and the system would be useable for customer demonstrations or training, it is transferred to fixed assets.  Otherwise, it is expensed.

The carrying value of systems used for demonstrations or training is determined by assessing the cost of the components that are suitable for sale.  Any parts that may be rendered unsaleable as a result of such use are removed from the system and are not included in finished goods inventory. The remaining saleable parts are valued at the lower of cost or market, representing the system’s net realizable value.   The depreciation period for systems that are transferred to fixed assets is determined based on the age of the system and its remaining useful life (typically five to eight years).

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets, an impairment loss is recognized based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. No impairment charge has been recorded for the years ended 2008 and 2007.

Warranty Obligations

We provide for the estimated cost of our product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. Our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, material usage rates and the efficiency by which the product failure is corrected.  The warranty reserve is based on historical cost data related to warranty.  Should actual product failure rates, material usage rates and labor efficiencies differ from our estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty liability may be required.  Actual warranty expense is typically low in the period immediately following installation.

Deferred Taxes

We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Based on the uncertainty of future taxable income, we have fully reserved our deferred tax assets. In the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset would increase income in the period such determination was made.

- 12 -

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth certain financial items as a percentage of revenue for the three and six months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007:


   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
                         
Revenue
    100.0 %     100.0 %     100.0 %     100.0 %
Cost of revenue
    49.2 %     60.7 %     50.3 %     61.9 %
Gross profit
    50.8 %     39.3 %     49.7 %     38.1 %
Operating expenses:
                               
Research and development
    57.0 %     9.8 %     33.8 %     11.9 %
Sales and marketing
    41.7 %     11.8 %     25.0 %     14.8 %
General and administrative
    73.2 %     13.4 %     41.6 %     17.2 %
Total operating expenses
    171.9 %     35.0 %     100.4 %     43.9 %
Operating income (loss)
    (121.1 %)     4.3 %     (50.7 %)     (5.8 %)
Other income (expense), net
    (3.2 %)     2.2 %     1.9 %     6.2 %
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)
    (124.3 %)     6.5 %     (48.8 %)     0.4 %
Net income (loss)
    (124.3 %)     6.5 %     (48.8 %)     0.4 %



The following table sets forth certain financial items for the three and six months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007:


   
Three Months Ended
   
Six Months Ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
                         
Revenue
  $ 2,010     $ 10,800     $ 6,739     $ 15,398  
Cost of revenue
    989       6,560       3,391       9,537  
Gross profit
    1,021       4,240       3,348       5,861  
Operating expenses:
                               
Research and development expenses
    1,145       1,057       2,280       1,835  
Sales and marketing expenses
    839       1,279       1,682       2,285  
General and administrative expenses
    1,471       1,448       2,801       2,651  
Total operating expenses
    3,455       3,784       6,763       6,771  
Operating (loss) income
    (2,434 )     456       (3,415 )     (910 )
Other (expense) income, net
    (65 )     237       125       964  
(Loss) income before income tax expense (benefit)
    (2,499 )     693       (3,290 )     54  
Tax Expense
    -       -       -       -  
Net (loss) income
  $ (2,499 )   $ 693     $ (3,290 )   $ 54  
                                 
Net (loss) income per share:
                               
Basic
  $ (0.34 )   $ 0.10     $ (0.45 )   $ 0.01  
Diluted
  $ (0.34 )   $ 0.10     $ (0.45 )   $ 0.01  
Weighted average shares used in per share computation:
                         
Basic
    7,339       7,119       7,338       7,111  
Diluted
    7,339       7,264       7,338       7,219  
 

- 13 -

Revenue

Revenue decreased $8,996 for the six month period ending September 30, 2008 compared to the same period last year. Revenue for the six month period ending September 30, 2008 resulted from the sale of two used systems (one advanced etch, one Endeavor).  Revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2007 resulted principally from the sale of four new advanced series systems and one new 900 series system, as well as one used Endeavor system. Revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was mainly from the sale of service and spares.  Revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2007 resulted principally from the sale of three new advanced series systems and one used Endeavor system.

International sales accounted for approximately 42% and 28% of total revenue for the three and six months ended September 30, 2008 respectively.   International sales as a percentage of revenue for the three and six months ended September 30, 2007 were 96% and 93%, respectively. We believe that international sales will continue to represent a significant portion of our revenue.

Gross profit

Gross profit for the six months ended September 30, 2008 decreased $2,513 to $3,348 compared to the same period last year.  This was a 43% decrease from the six month period ending September 30, 2007.  The decrease in gross profit was attributable to fewer systems sold.  While our gross profit declined, our gross profit margin for the six months ended September 30, 2008 was 50% compared to 38% for the same period last year.  The principle reason for the increased margin was the specific mix of sales from different products.   Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2008 decreased $3,218 to $1,021.  This was a 76% decrease from the three months ended September 30, 2007.  The decrease in gross profit was attributable to fewer systems sold.  Our gross profit margin for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was 51% compared to 39% for the same period last year.
 
Future gross profit and gross margin are highly dependent on the level and product mix included in net revenues. This includes the mix of sales between lower and higher margin products.  Accordingly, we are not able to predict future gross profit levels or gross margins with certainty.

Research and Development

 Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries, prototype material and other costs associated with our ongoing systems and process technology development, applications and field process support efforts. The spending increase of $88 for the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period last year resulted primarily from an increase of patent costs. The spending increase of $445 for the six months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period last year resulted primarily from reimbursement for prototype costs during the first quarter of the prior year.  There were no prototype reimbursements in the current fiscal year.
 
Sales and Marketing

 Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, commissions, trade show promotion and travel and living expenses associated with those functions. The decrease of $603 and $440 in sales and marketing spending for the six and three months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, was primarily due to the decrease of sales commission for systems over the same period last year combined with decreased spending on travel expenses and payroll costs.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation for general management, accounting and finance, human resources, information systems and investor relations functions and for legal, consulting and accounting fees of the Company.  The increase of $150 in spending for the six months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily due to increases in legal fees related to the purchase of the AMMS assets.  The spending for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was consistent with the three months ended September 30, 2007.

Other income, net

 Other income, net consists of interest income, other income, gains and losses on foreign exchange and gain and losses on the disposal of fixed assets.  Total other income (expense), net decreased by $843 in the six months ended September 30, 2008 over the six months ended September 30, 2007 due to other income, foreign exchange realized, and interest income. The decrease is primarily related to the change in other income.  In the prior fiscal year the company received $278 related to the AMS settlement.  Also in the current period, interest income decreased by of $343 compared to the prior period due to lower cash balances held at lower interest rates.  The change in the value of the Euro compared to the U.S. dollar also contributed to the decrease.  Total other income (expense), net decreased by $302 in the three months ended September 30, 2008 over the three months ended September 30, 2007 due to changes in foreign exchange realized and interest income.

Contractual Obligation

The following summarizes our contractual obligations at September 30, 2008, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods (in thousands).


Contractual obligations:
       
Less than
               
After
 
   
Total
   
1 Year
   
1-3 Years
   
3-5 Years
   
5 Years
 
Non-cancelable capital lease obligations
  $ 6     $ 6     $ -     $ -     $ -  
Non-cancelable operating lease obligations
    642       470       163       9       -  
Total contractual cash obligations
  $ 648     $ 476     $ 163     $ 9     $ -  

 
Certain of our sales contracts include provisions under which customers would be indemnified by us in the event of, among other things, a third-party claim against the customer for intellectual property rights infringement related to our products. There are no limitations on the maximum potential future payments under these guarantees. We have accrued no amounts in relation to these provisions as no such claims have been made and we believe we have valid, enforceable rights to the intellectual property embedded in its products.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

For the six month period ended September 30, 2008, we financed our operations through the use of outstanding cash balances.  In fiscal 2008 we financed our operations through net cash provided by operations and from the release of the net $14,705 from litigation suspense related to the settlement of the AMS litigation.  We received $19,500 representing the gross cash proceeds from the settlement of the AMS  litigation.

The consolidated financial statements contemplate the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. We had net income (loss) of ($3,290) and $54 for the six months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We had net income (loss) of ($2,499) and $693 for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. We used cash from operations of ($4,100) and ($5,220) for the six month period ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, respectively. Management believes that the outstanding balances, combined with projected sales and continued cost containment will be adequate to fund operations through the next twelve months.  However, projected sales may not materialize and unforeseen costs may be incurred.  If the projected sales do not materialize, we will need to reduce expenses further and raise additional capital through the issuance of debt or equity securities. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of preferred stock or debt, these securities could have rights, privileges or preferences senior to those of common stock, and debt covenants could impose restrictions on our operations. The sale of equity or debt could result in additional dilution to current stockholders, and such financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all.

- 14 -

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our cash equivalents are principally comprised of money market accounts.  As of September 30, 2008, we had cash and cash equivalents of $14,017.  Our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations is primarily related to inventories held in Europe, which are denominated in the Euro. Changes in the exchange rate between the Euro and the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our operating results. Exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk may increase over time as our business evolves and our products continue to be sold into international markets. We recently purchased a forward FX contract to manage possible short-term exposures to changing FX rates.   For the quarter ended September 30, 2008, fluctuations of the U.S. dollar in relation to the Euro increased compared to prior periods.  These fluctuations primarily affect cost of goods sold as it relates to varying levels of inventory held in Europe and denominated in the Euro.

Interest Rate Risk

We are only marginally exposed to interest rate risk through interest earned on money market accounts. Interest rates that may affect these items in the future will depend on market conditions and may differ from the rates we have experienced in the past. We do not hold or issue derivatives, commodity instruments or other financial instruments for trading purposes.


Item 4.   Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.   As of the period covered by this quarterly report, management performed, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act.  Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the report we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.   Based on the evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of September 30, 2008, such disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2008 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Disclosure Controls and Internal Controls for Financial Reporting
 
Disclosure controls are procedures that are designed with the objective of ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act such as this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed with the objective of ensuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Internal controls for financial reporting are procedures which are designed with the objective of providing reasonable assurance that our transactions are properly authorized, our assets are safeguarded against unauthorized or improper use and our transactions are properly recorded and reported, all to permit the preparation of our financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP.


- 15 -

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.A.  Risk Factors

We wish to caution you that there are risks and uncertainties that could affect our business. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the risks described below and elsewhere in this report, particularly in “Forward-Looking Statements.” The following is not intended to be a complete discussion of all potential risks or uncertainties, as it is not possible to predict or identify all risk factors.

The semiconductor industry is cyclical and may experience periodic downturns that may negatively affect customer demand for our products and result in losses such as those experienced in the past.

Our business depends upon the capital expenditures of semiconductor manufacturers, which in turn depend on the current and anticipated market demand for ICs. The semiconductor industry is highly cyclical and historically has experienced periodic downturns, including the downturn we are currently experiencing, which often have had a detrimental effect on the semiconductor industry’s demand for semiconductor capital equipment, including etch and deposition systems manufactured by us. In response to the current prolonged industry slow-down, we have initiated a substantial cost containment program and completed a corporate-wide restructuring to preserve our cash. However, the need for continued investment in research and development, possible capital equipment requirements and extensive ongoing customer service and support requirements worldwide will continue to limit our ability to reduce expenses in response to the current and any future downturns.  As a result, we may continue to experience operating losses such as those we have experienced in the past, which could materially adversely affect us.

Our competitors have greater financial resources and greater name recognition than we do and therefore may compete more successfully in the semiconductor capital equipment industry than we can.

We believe that to be competitive, we will require significant financial resources in order to offer a broad range of systems, to maintain customer service and support centers worldwide and to invest in research and development. Many of our existing and potential competitors, including Aviza Technology, Inc., OC Oerlikon Corporation AG, Ulvac Japan, Ltd., and Canon Anelva Technix Corporation, Applied Materials, Inc., Lam Research Corporation, Novellus, and Tokyo Electron Limited, have substantially greater financial resources, more extensive engineering, manufacturing, marketing and customer service and support capabilities, larger installed bases of current generation etch, deposition and other production equipment and broader process equipment offerings, as well as greater name recognition than we do. We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully against these companies in the United States or worldwide.

Our customers are concentrated and therefore the loss of a significant customer may harm our business.

The composition of our top five customers changes from year to year, but net system sales to our top five customers in fiscal 2008 and 2007 accounted for 87.2% and 77.8% respectively, of our total net system sales.  ST Microelectronics accounted for 57.8% of our total revenue in fiscal 2008.  ST Microelectronics and International Rectifier accounted for 43.1% and 13.4%, respectively, of our total revenue in fiscal 2007.  During the six months ended September 30, 2008, SVTC Tech, LLC and Diodes Fab Tech, Inc. accounted for 29% and 20% respectively, of our total revenue.  During the six months ended September 30, 2007, ST Microelectronics accounted for 79% of total revenues.  During the quarter ended September 30, 2008, Abbot Point of Care Limited and International Rectifier  accounted for 22% and 19% respectively, of our total revenue respectively, of our total revenue.  During the quarter ended September 30, 2007, ST Microelectronics accounted for 83% of total revenues.  Other than these customers, no single customer represented more than 10% of our total revenue in fiscal 2008 or the three or six months ended September 30, 2008.   Although the composition of the group comprising our largest customers may vary from year to year, and quarter to quarter, the loss of a significant customer or any reduction in orders by any significant customer, including reductions due to market, economic or competitive conditions in the semiconductor and related device manufacturing industry, would have a material adverse effect on us.

Our potential customers may not adopt our products because of their significant cost or because our potential customers are already using a competitor’s tool.

A substantial investment is required to install and integrate capital equipment into a semiconductor production line. Additionally, we believe that once a device manufacturer has selected a particular vendor’s capital equipment, that manufacturer generally relies upon that vendor’s equipment for that specific production line application and, to the extent possible, subsequent generations of that vendor’s systems. Accordingly, it may be extremely difficult to achieve significant sales to a particular customer once that customer has selected another vendor’s capital equipment unless there are compelling reasons to do so, such as significant performance or cost advantages. Any failure to gain access and achieve sales to new customers will adversely affect the successful commercial adoption of our products and could have a material adverse effect on us.

We depend on sales of our advanced products to customers that may not fully adopt our product for production use.

We have designed our advanced etch and deposition products for customer applications in emerging new films, polysilicon and metal which we believe to be the leading edge of critical applications for the production of advanced semiconductor and other microelectronic devices. Revenue from the sale of our advanced etch and deposition systems accounted for 80% and 69% of total revenue in fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively. Our advanced systems are currently being used primarily for research and development activities or low volume production. For our advanced systems to achieve full market adoption, our customers must utilize these systems for volume production. We cannot assure you that the market for devices incorporating emerging films, polysilicon or metal will develop as quickly or to the degree we expect.  If our advanced systems do not achieve significant sales or volume production due to a lack of full customer adoption, we will be materially adversely affected.

We have incurred operating losses and may not be profitable in the future.  Our plans to maintain and increase liquidity may not be successful.

We had net income (loss) of $18,104 ($13,213) and ($8,880) for the years ended March 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.  We generated (used) cash flows from operations of ($5,057), $12,772, and ($11,576) in these respective years.  For the three and six months ended September 30, 2008, we had a net loss of ($2,499) and ($3,290), respectively. We believe that our outstanding balances, combined with continued cost containment will be adequate to fund operations through fiscal year 2009. Our business is dependent upon the sales of our capital equipment, and projected sales may not materialize and unforeseen costs may be incurred.  If the projected sales do not materialize, we will need to reduce expenses further and/or raise additional capital which may include capital raises through the issuance of debt or equity securities.  If additional funds are raised through the issuance of preferred stock or debt, these securities could have rights, privileges or preferences senior to those of our common stock, and debt covenants could impose restrictions on our operations. Moreover, such financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all.  Failure to raise any needed funds would materially adversely affect us.

We face risks associated with acquisitions, divestitures, and other transactions.

       We face risks associated with acquisitions, divestitures, and other transactions.   We have made, and may in the future make, acquisitions of or significant investments in businesses with complementary products, services and/or technologies. Acquisitions, including the recently completed acquisition of DRIE and PECVD products and related intellectual property from AMMS, involve numerous risks, including, but not limited to:
 
•  Difficulties in integrating the operations, technologies, products and personnel of acquired companies;
 
•  Lack of synergies or the inability to realize expected synergies and cost-savings;
 
•  Revenue and expense levels of acquired entities differing from those anticipated at the time of the acquisitions;
 
•  Difficulties in managing geographically dispersed operations;
 
•  The potential loss of key employees, customers and strategic partners of acquired companies;
 
•  Claims by terminated employees, shareholders of acquired companies or other third parties related to the transaction;
 
• The issuance of dilutive securities, assumption or incurrence of additional debt obligations or expenses, or use of substantial portions of our cash;
 
•  Diversion of management’s attention from normal daily operations of the business; and
 
•  The impairment of acquired intangible assets as a result of technological advancements, or worse-than-expected performance of acquired companies.

       When we make a decision to sell assets or a business, we may encounter difficulty completing the transaction as a result of a range of possible factors such as new or changed demands from the buyer. These circumstances may cause us to incur additional time or expense or to accept less favorable terms, which may adversely affect the overall benefits of the transaction.   Acquisitions, divestitures, and other transactions are inherently risky, and we cannot provide any assurance that our previous or future transactions will be successful. The inability to effectively manage the risks associated with these transactions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
 
Our quarterly operating results may continue to fluctuate.

Our revenue and operating results have fluctuated and are likely to continue to fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter, and we cannot assure you that we will achieve profitability in the future.

Our 900 series etch systems typically sell for prices ranging between $250,000 and $600,000, while prices of our 6500 series critical etch systems and our Endeavor deposition system typically range between $1.8 million and $3.0 million. To the extent we are successful in selling our 6500 and Endeavor series systems, the sale of a small number of these systems will probably account for a substantial portion of revenue in future quarters, and a transaction for a single system could have a substantial impact on revenue and gross margin for a given quarter.

Other factors that could affect our quarterly operating results include:

·  
our timing of new systems and technology announcements and releases and ability to transition between product versions;

·  
seasonal fluctuations in sales;

·  
changes in the mix of our revenues represented by our various products and customers;

·  
adverse changes in the level of economic activity in the United States or other major economies in which we do business;

·  
foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations;

·  
expenses related to, and the financial impact of, possible acquisitions of other businesses; and

·  
changes in the timing of product orders due to unexpected delays in the introduction of our customers’ products, due to lifecycles of our customers’ products ending earlier than expected or due to market acceptance of our customers’ products.

- 16 -

Some of our sales cycles are lengthy, exposing us to the risks of inventory obsolescence and fluctuations in operating results.

Sales of our systems depend, in significant part, upon the decision of a prospective customer to add new manufacturing capacity or to expand existing manufacturing capacity, both of which typically involve a significant capital commitment. We often experience delays in finalizing system sales following initial system qualification while the customer evaluates and receives approvals for the purchase of our systems and completes a new or expanded facility. Due to these and other factors, our systems typically have a lengthy sales cycle (often 12 to 18 months in the case of critical etch and deposition systems) during which we may expend substantial funds and management effort. Lengthy sales cycles subject us to a number of significant risks, including inventory obsolescence and fluctuations in operating results over which we have little or no control.

Because technology changes rapidly, we may not be able to introduce our products in a timely enough fashion.

The semiconductor manufacturing industry is subject to rapid technological change and new system introductions and enhancements. We believe that our future success depends on our ability to continue to enhance our existing systems and their process capabilities, and to develop and manufacture in a timely manner new systems with improved process capabilities. We may incur substantial unanticipated costs to ensure product functionality and reliability early in our products’ life cycles. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in the introduction and volume manufacture of new systems or that we will be able to develop and introduce, in a timely manner, new systems or enhancements to our existing systems and processes which satisfy customer needs or achieve market adoption.

Our financial performance may adversely affect the morale and performance of our personnel and our ability to hire new personnel.

Our common stock has declined in value below the exercise price of many options granted to employees pursuant to our stock option plans. Thus, the intended benefits of the stock options granted to our employees, the creation of performance and retention incentives, may not be realized. As a result, we may lose employees whom we would prefer to retain and may have difficulty in hiring new employees to replace them. As a result of these factors, our remaining personnel may seek employment with larger, more established companies or companies perceived as having less volatile stock prices.  The loss of any significant employee or a large number of employees over a short period of time could have a material adverse effect on us.

We may not be able to protect our intellectual property or obtain licenses for third parties’ intellectual property and therefore we may be exposed to liability for infringement or the risk that our operations may be adversely affected.

Although we attempt to protect our intellectual property rights through patents, copyrights, trade secrets and other measures, we may not be able to protect our technology adequately and competitors may be able to develop similar technology independently. Additionally, patent applications that we may file may not be issued and foreign intellectual property laws may not protect our intellectual property rights. There is also a risk that patents licensed by or issued to us will be challenged, invalidated or circumvented and that the rights granted thereunder will not provide competitive advantages to us. Furthermore, others may independently develop similar systems, duplicate our systems or design around the patents licensed by or issued to us.

Litigation to protect our intellectual property could result in substantial cost and diversion of effort by us, which by itself could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, operating results and cash flows. Further, adverse determinations in such litigation could result in our loss of proprietary rights, subject us to significant liabilities to third parties, require us to seek licenses from third parties or prevent us from manufacturing or selling our systems. In addition, licenses under third parties’ intellectual property rights may not be available on reasonable terms, if at all.

We are exposed to additional risks associated with international sales and operations.

International sales accounted for 72%, and 67 of total revenue for fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2008, international sales accounted for 42% and 28% of total revenue, respectively.  International sales are subject to certain risks, including the imposition of government controls, fluctuations in the U.S. dollar (which could increase the sales price in local currencies of our systems in foreign markets), changes in export license and other regulatory requirements, tariffs and other market barriers, political and economic instability, potential hostilities, restrictions on the export or import of technology, difficulties in accounts receivable collection, difficulties in managing representatives, difficulties in staffing and managing international operations and potentially adverse tax consequences. We cannot assure you that any of these factors will not have a detrimental effect on our operations, financial results and cash flows.

We cannot assure you that our future results of operations and cash flows will not be adversely affected by foreign currency fluctuations. In addition, the laws of certain countries in which our products are sold may not provide our products and intellectual property rights with the same degree of protection as the laws of the United States.

Evolving regulation of corporate governance and public disclosure may result in additional expenses and continuing uncertainty.
 
Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, new Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regulations and Nasdaq Market rules are creating uncertainty for public companies. We continually evaluate and monitor developments with respect to new and proposed rules and cannot predict or estimate the amount of the additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs. These new or changed laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We are committed to maintaining high standards of corporate governance and public disclosure. As a result, we have invested resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new or changed laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and we may be materially adversely affected.

Our stock price is volatile and could result in a material decline in the value of your investment in Tegal.

We believe that factors such as announcements of developments related to our business, fluctuations in our operating results, sales of our common stock into the marketplace, failure to meet or changes in analysts’ expectations, general conditions in the semiconductor industry or the worldwide economy, announcements of technological innovations or new products or enhancements by us or our competitors, developments in patents or other intellectual property rights, developments in our relationships with our customers and suppliers, natural disasters and outbreaks of hostilities could cause the price of our common stock to fluctuate substantially. In addition, in recent years the stock market in general, and the market for shares of small capitalization stocks in particular, have experienced extreme price fluctuations, which have often been unrelated to the operating performance of affected companies. We cannot assure you that the market price of our common stock will not experience significant fluctuations in the future, including fluctuations that are unrelated to our performance.

The exercise of outstanding warrants, options and other rights to obtain additional shares will dilute the value of our shares of common stock and could cause the price of our shares of common stock to decline.

As of September 30, 2008, there were 8,321,496 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding, 3,415,088 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance of shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants, and shares underlying equity awards created or available for grant under our equity incentive plans, and shares available under our stock purchase plan.

The exercise of these warrants and options and the issuance of the common stock pursuant to our equity incentive plans will result in dilution in the value of the shares of our outstanding common stock and the voting power represented thereby. In addition, the exercise price of the warrants may be lowered under the price adjustment provisions in the event of a “dilutive issuance,” that is, if we issue common stock at any time prior to their maturity at a per share price below such conversion or exercise price, either directly or in connection with the issuance of securities that are convertible into, or exercisable for, shares of our common stock. A reduction in the exercise price may result in the issuance of a significant number of additional shares upon the exercise of the warrants.

The outstanding warrants do not establish a “floor” that would limit reductions in such conversion price or exercise price.  The downward adjustment of the exercise price of these warrants could result in further dilution in the value of the shares of our outstanding common stock and the voting power represented thereby.

No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that future sales of shares of our common stock, or the availability of shares for future sale, will have on the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. Sales of substantial amounts of shares of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and may make it more difficult for us to sell our equity securities in the future at a time and price which we deem appropriate.

To the extent our stockholders and the other holders of our warrants and options exercise such securities and then sell the shares of our common stock they receive upon exercise, our stock price may decrease due to the additional amount of shares available in the market. The subsequent sales of these shares could encourage short sales by our securityholders and others, which could place further downward pressure on our stock price. Moreover, holders of these warrants and options may hedge their positions in our common stock by shorting our common stock, which could further adversely affect our stock price.

Potential disruption of our supply of materials required to build our systems could have a negative effect on our operations and damage our customer relationships.

Materials delays have not been significant in recent years. Nevertheless, we procure certain components and sub-assemblies included in our systems from a limited group of suppliers, and occasionally from a single source supplier. Such components and assemblies include robots, electro-static chucks, power supplies and flow control devices.  Disruption or termination of certain of these sources could have an adverse effect on our operations and damage our relationship with our customers.

Any failure by us to comply with environmental regulations imposed on us could subject us to future liabilities.

We are subject to a variety of governmental regulations related to the use, storage, handling, discharge or disposal of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals used in our manufacturing process. We believe that we are currently in compliance in all material respects with these regulations and that we have obtained all necessary environmental permits generally relating to the discharge of hazardous wastes to conduct our business. Nevertheless, our failure to comply with present or future regulations could result in additional or corrective operating costs, suspension of production, alteration of our manufacturing processes or cessation of our operations.

- 17 -

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

On September 23, 2008, the Company held its annual meeting of the stockholders.  Present at the meeting, in person or by proxy, were the holders of 6,051,343 shares of common stock of the Company, representing 83% of the total votes eligible to be cast, constituting a majority and more than a quorum of the outstanding shares entitled to vote.

The following individuals were elected or re-elected to the board of directors:




   
Votes For
   
Votes Withheld
 
Edward A. Dohring
    5,968,581       82,762  
Jeffrey M. Krauss
    5,974,751       76,592  
Carl Muscari
    5,974,478       76,865  
H. Duane Wadsworth
    5,974,701       76,642  
Thomas R. Mika
    5,972,607       78,736  


The vote to ratify the appointment of Burr, Pilger & Mayer LLP as our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2009 was approved by stockholders as follows:
 

 
 
Total Votes
For
6,038,594
Against
7,459
Abstain
5290



Item 6.   Exhibits

 
Exhibit
Number
Description

31.1
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2
Certifications of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 
- 18 -

 

 SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
TEGAL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
   
 
/s/  CHRISTINE HERGENROTHER
Christine Hergenrother
Chief Financial Officer
Dated: November 14 , 2008
 

 
- 19 -

 



EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Thomas R. Mika, certify that:

1.
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Tegal Corporation;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-14(e)) for the registrant and we have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

 
(a)
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 
(b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting.


 
Date: November 14, 2008                                                                                     /s/   Thomas R. Mika                                                       
Chief Executive Officer and President

 
- 20 -

 


EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Christine Hergenrother, certify that:

1.
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Tegal Corporation;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-14(e)) for the registrant and we have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

 
(a)
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 
(b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting.

 
 
Date: November 14, 2008                                                                                     /s/ Christine Hergenrother                                                           
Chief Financial Officer

 

- 21 -


 
EXHIBIT 32

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)
 
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Tegal Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Thomas R. Mika, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. § 1350), that to my knowledge:
 
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
 
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.
 

/s/   Thomas R. Mika                                                                                
Chief Executive Officer and President
November 14, 2008

 
- 22 -


CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
(18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)
 
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Tegal Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Christine Hergenrother, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. § 1350), that to my knowledge:
 
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
 
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/s/   Christine Hergenrother                                                                                
Chief Financial Officer
November 14, 2008





- 23 -