RENOVARO BIOSCIENCES INC. - Annual Report: 2018 (Form 10-K)

United states

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ ANNUAL report under section 13 Or 15(d) of the securities exchange act of 1934  

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018

☐ TRANSITION report under section 13 Or 15(d) of the securities exchange act of 1934  

For the transition period from Commission file number 000-54478

+1(510)203-4857

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $0.0001 par value 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. ☐ Yes      ☒ No  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. ☐ Yes      ☒ No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the last 12 months (or for such shorter period that -the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒      No ☐  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒      No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  ☐ Yes      ☒ No  

On December 31, 2017, the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates was $39,973,269.

As of September 28, 2018, the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, was 36,173,924 . 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2018 Annual Meeting of stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or will be filed by amendment.

CONTENTS 

Cautionary Language Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Industry Data

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements are based upon our current assumptions, expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effect on our business. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the following words: “may,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “approximately,” “estimate,” “predict,” “project,” “potential” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology, although the absence of these words does not necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking.

A forward-looking statement is neither a prediction nor a guarantee of future events or circumstances, and those future events or circumstances may not occur. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report. These forward-looking statements are all based on currently available operating, financial and competitive information and are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Our actual future results and trends may differ materially depending on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties discussed under "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations". Given these risks and uncertainties, you should not rely on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. Any or all of the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report and any other public statement made by us, including by our management, may turn out to be incorrect. We are including this cautionary note to make applicable and take advantage of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 for forward-looking statements. We expressly disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements or other information contained herein. Stockholders and potential investors should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements in this report are reasonable, we cannot assure stockholders and potential investors that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.

Information regarding market and industry statistics contained in this report is included based on information available to us that we believe is accurate. It is generally based on academic and other publications that are not produced for purposes of securities offerings or economic analysis. Forecasts and other forward-looking information obtained from these sources are subject to the same qualifications and the additional uncertainties accompanying any estimates of future market size, revenue and market acceptance of products and services. Except as required by U.S. federal securities laws, we have no obligation to update forward-looking information to reflect actual results or changes in assumptions or other factors that could affect those statements.

PART I

Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, all references in this prospectus to “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” are to Enochian BioSciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Registrant”), together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, Enochian Biopharma, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Enochian Biopharma”) and DanDrit Biotech ApS, a Danish limited company, organized under the Danish Act on Limited Companies of the Kingdom of Denmark (“DanDrit Denmark”).

Item 1. Business

Our Business

Enochian BioSciences, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company dedicated to identifying, developing, manufacturing and commercializing gene therapies. We accomplish this by translating groundbreaking science combined with our expertise in gene therapy, gene regulation and cell therapy. Our gene therapy platform can be applied to multiple indications. We are first applying our technology to develop therapies seeking to improve the lives of patients with HIV/AIDS through the restorative potential of gene therapy. Additionally, we have combined the gene therapy platform with our extensive knowledge of dendritic cells to develop a novel proprietary immuno-oncology technology platform. In the process of developing our HIV/AIDS and oncology platforms, we are accruing significant scientific, manufacturing and regulatory capabilities as well as building upon our proprietary knowledge that is applicable in the broader field of gene therapy. We believe our technology platforms provide us with distinct competitive advantages, including the potential to reduce development risk, cost and time to market.

In infectious diseases, we are in the early stage of development of ENO-1001, a genetically modified cell therapy for patients with HIV/AIDS and ENO-2001, a preventative vaccine for HIV/AIDS.

 In immune-oncology, we have developed and patented cancer vaccines used in initial clinical trials in Europe and Asia, including ENO-4001 for the treatment of cancer (one phase I/II trial in Denmark and two-phase II trials in Denmark and Singapore). We have advanced candidate therapies, targeted initially at non-small-cell-lung-cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (sometimes referred to herein as CRC). We are also in the early stages of developing additional compounds: ENO-5001 (a genetically modified allogeneic dendritic cell-based therapy), ENO-4001 (formerly “MCV”), ENO-4002 (novel version of ENO-4001), and ENO-3001 (as therapy for the prevention of relapse in colorectal cancer patients). ENO-4001 (previously known as MCV) was developed by our Company in 2001.  Currently, our only product in clinical stage is ENO-4001, and we have no plans to market ENO-4001; rather we expect to seek out strategic partnerships to further develop and market this asset in the future.

Our Mission and Strategy

Our mission is to radically improve the lives of patients with infectious diseases and cancer through the restorative potential of gene therapy. We intend to build a leading gene therapy company that leverages our technologies to accelerate the delivery of transformative therapies to patients in serious unmet medical need. The key elements of our strategy to achieve this mission are:

Our strategy is to maximize the value and therapeutic use of our technology platforms. In certain therapeutic areas such as HIV/AIDS we intend to capture the value of our proprietary gene therapy products by developing ourselves the product candidate to Biologic License Application (“BLA”). In other therapeutic areas such as immuno-oncology we intend to partner with biopharmaceutical companies to develop products.

Our clinical development strategy is to submit an IND application for ENO-1001(The first step in the drug review process by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”)) and continue to advance the research and development of ENO-5001 and ENO-4002. Including but not limited to conducting with a potential oncology partner, a randomized multicenter Phase III clinical trial to determine the ability of ENO-4002 to prevent recidivism in stage IV colorectal patients with no evidence of disease (“NED”) after resection of metastasis and chemotherapy. Our additional research programs address preventative vaccine for HIV/AIDS, genetically modified allogeneic dendritic cell vaccine for treatment of colon and lung cancers.

HIV/AIDS

Our primary focus is to develop novel treatments for HIV/AIDS. HIV infection results in the death of immune system cells, particularly CD4+ T cells, and thus leads to AIDS, a condition in which the body’s immune system is depleted to such a degree that the patient is unable to fight off common infections. Ultimately, these patients succumb to opportunistic infections or cancers. According to the most recent data from the Center for Disease Control (“CDC”), it is estimated that there were 1.0 million people living with HIV/AIDS in the United States in 2017. In a broader market, including all of North America, Western and Central Europe, it is estimated that 2.2 million people were living with HIV and AIDS in 2017, with 70,000 new cases in that year (source: UNAIDS Fact Sheet - July 2018). Worldwide it is estimated that as of 2017, there were over 36.9 million people living with HIV and AIDS, with 1.8 million new cases of HIV in that year (source: UNAIDS Fact Sheet - July 2018).

Current Treatments and Unmet Medical Needs

Currently, there are over 30 antiretroviral drugs approved by the FDA to treat people infected with HIV. While these drugs can suppress the virus in the blood to undetectable levels, they cannot eliminate the reservoir of cells containing genome-integrated HIV from the body. Hence, individuals living with HIV need to take antiretroviral drugs for the rest of their life. The number of individuals living with HIV who are treated with Anti-Retroviral Therapy (“ART”) is increasing. For the first time in 2016, over 50% of people living with HIV/AIDS globally were on ART treatment with a 53% global coverage rate, totaling 19.5 million adults and children globally (source: Clinton Health Access Initiative September 2017). According to GlobalData (Global Data PharmaPoint 2017 Report), market opportunity for ART across the nine major countries of the US, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK, Japan, Brazil, and China, is set to grow from $16.3 billion in 2015 to $22.5 billion by 2025, representing a compound annual growth rate of just over 3%.

While ART can be effective in halting the progression of HIV infection, it is totally ineffective as a cure (Wong, J.K., et al, Science 1997, 278, 1291–1295). The need to find a sterilizing cure (complete elimination of the virus), or even a functional cure (virus is present at low levels, but it does not replicate) for this disease is of paramount importance, but it has remained elusive despite of significant efforts by academia and the medical industry. The HIV virus has the capacity to remain hidden in reservoirs (dendritic cells, macrophages, CD4⁺ T-lymphocytes) (Finzi, D., et al, Science 1997, 278, 1295–1300). This means, if ART is discontinued, the HIV virus will replicate again and the patient will relapse. We believe the limitations of ART provide an opportunity for products in our pipeline, which we are developing as more comprehensive treatments for HIV that we believe have the potential to become an attractive alternative to ART.

The prevailing view in the medical community is that the combination of genetic modification and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (“HSC”) may provide the alternative treatment option to conventional antiretroviral therapy, and maybe eventually, a sterilizing cure for HIV infection (Hütter, G., AIDS Res. Ther. (2016) 13:31). As HSCs give rise to all hematopoietic cell types susceptible to HIV infection, modification of HSCs is an ideal strategy for the development of infection-resistant immune cell populations. Our objective at Enochian is to develop HSC techniques to obtain a long-term control of the HIV virus.

Gene Modification for HIV Treatment

Given the ability of HSCs to repopulate the immune system, we believe the path to provide a commercially viable alternative to ART treatments is develop an approach to allow durable and permanent elimination of CCR5 receptor in a sufficiently large number of CD4 cells to obtain a long-term control of the HIV virus.

Our approach to address the elimination of the CCR5 receptor is to take advantage of the CCR5-Δ32 mutation (“Δ32”). HIV disease progresses more slowly in individuals with a single copy of the Δ32 mutation (de RodaHusman AM, et al, Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:882–890), while individuals with two copies of the Δ32 mutation are largely resistant to HIV infection (Liu R, et al, Cell. 1996; 86:367–377).

The recent emergence of DNA editing proteins, has created the possibility to specifically and permanently inactivate any gene, including CCR5. This approach can be used to inactivate CCR5 in any cell type, including a patient’s own HSCs. After HIV challenges in preclinical models, mice receiving modified cells with inactivated CCR5 had significantly lower HIV loads. In principle, the bone marrow transplant of allogenic (not the patient’s own cells) genetically modified bone marrow cells carrying the two copies of the Δ32 mutation of CCR5 represents a potential curative treatment for HIV (Kiem, H.P., et al, Cell Stem Cell. 2012 Feb 3;10(2):137-47). We are developing our lead candidate ENO-1001, detailed below, as a HSC Gene modification technique that we believe builds and improves on the current strategy to treat HIV through autologous (the patient’s own cells) gene modification.

The HIV Vaccine

Despite almost 30 years of effort by the scientific community, a safe and effective AIDS vaccine is not yet available, and only four HIV vaccines have been tested in six HIV vaccine efficacy trials to date. These efforts revealed scientific challenges that are related to specific aspects of HIV biology. These aspects include (1) the extreme genetic heterogeneity and structural plasticity of the virus; (2) the ability of the virus to persist as integrated pro-viral DNA in an immunologically silent form; and (3) HIV’s preferential targeting of activated memory CD4+ T cells, which creates the possibility that any vaccine-induced immune response to HIV will paradoxically favor its transmission. Large-scale phase IIb clinical trials testing the efficacy of three candidate AIDS vaccine regimens each of independently identified a trend toward a higher frequency of HIV acquisition in vaccinated individuals than in placebo recipients.

The disappointing results from efficacy trials together with difficulties in translating preclinical studies to clinical trials, including, but not limited to, the uncertain predictability of the results obtained in non-human primate models, also indicate that vaccine candidates should first be tested in infected individuals. We are developing ENO-2001 as an HIV/AIDS vaccine that we believe builds and improves on the past HIV vaccine candidates.

Cancer

In addition to our focus on the treatment on HIV/AIDS, we plan to develop several immuno-oncology therapies for solid cancers. Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with approximately 14 million new cases in 2012 (Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Ervik M, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C et al. GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC Cancer Base No. 11). The number of new cases is expected to rise by about 70% over the next 2 decades. (source: Globecan). Cancer has been the second leading cause of death globally, and was responsible for 8.8 million deaths, or approximately 1 in 6 deaths in 2015 (source: World Health Organization). The economic impact of cancer has historically been significant and is increasing. The total annual direct economic cost of cancer in 2010 was estimated at approximately $1.16 trillion (source: Stewart BW, Wild CP, editors, World Cancer Report 2014).

Immuno-Oncology

The immune system plays an important role in targeting and destroying cancer cells. Our strategy is to combine our gene therapy platform used in HIV with our extensive knowledge of dendritic cells to develop a novel proprietary immuno-oncology technology platform for the treatment of cancer. Our pipeline for immuno-oncology includes ENO-3001 (as therapy for the prevention of relapse in colorectal cancer patients), ENO-4002 (novel version of ENO-4001) and ENO-5001 (a genetically modified allogeneic dendritic cell-based therapy). ENO-4001 (previously known as MCV) was developed by our Company in 2001. 

Specific Cancer Target: Neoepitopes

The scientific community now better understands which of the many cancer-specific genomic changes are actually recognized by the immune system. We now know that there are no cancer-specific antigens but only cancer-specific epitopes, which arise because of random passenger mutations in dividing cells. These cancer-specific epitopes arise simply because the processes of DNA replication and repair do not happen with complete fidelity, and because they are random—each new tumor has a unique set of mutations, and hence neoepitopes. With the advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing and bioinformatics capabilities, several companies built algorithms that can identify these mutations and predict neoepitopes that will elicit CD8 T cell response and tumor rejection. However, a key remaining challenge is the administration. Companies developing neoepitopes cancer vaccines face a choice of delivery modalities that fall broadly into the categories of peptide-, RNA- or DNA-based systems. All these delivery systems present challenges, which we seek to address.

Our approach to the challenges faced by companies developing neoepitopes cancer vaccines is an allogenic dendritic cell used as an antigen-presenting cell. There is a consensus that dendritic cells are the optimal antigen-presenting cells. However, using autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells donated by patients is cumbersome, expensive and creates numerous regulatory and logistic problems. The use of allogeneic dendritic cells (off-the shelf and not derived from the cancer patient) is therefore appealing.

Our Product Candidates

We are focused on the development of human therapeutics for infectious diseases and cancers. We are advancing a focused pipeline of innovative gene therapies that have been developed internally. We have proprietary preclinical and discovery stage programs in HIV/AIDS and cancer immunotherapy.

A summary table of our key development programs as of August 2018 is provided below:

ENO-1001 Autologous Cell Therapy

Our lead candidate, ENO-1001 is being developed to improve on the theory that an allogeneic bone marrow transplant procedure could represent a potential curative treatment for HIV. ENO-1001 seeks instead to develop a method of bone marrow transplant using autologous (the patient’s own cells) CD34⁺ cells, which could have significant advantages. The prevailing hypothesis is that an autologous treatment could become available to most patients suffering from HIV/AIDS, and there is no need for matched donors and no risk of “Graft versus Host Disease” (when the immune system of the treated patient rejects and destroys the transplanted cells).

ENO-1001 as it is being developed seeks to silence the CCR5 gene in cells of a patient’s immune system to make these cells permanently resistant to HIV infection, by mimicking the naturally occurring CCR5 delta-32 mutation that renders a population of individuals largely resistant to infection by the most common strains of HIV.. The aim of this approach is to provide the patient with a population of HIV-resistant CD4 cells that can fight HIV and opportunistic infections.

We plan to advance the ENO-1001 program to IND.

ENO-2001 Vaccine

ENO-2001 is being developed as a preventative vaccine. We plan to advance the ENO-2001 program through externally-funded collaborations with outside organizations, although we do not currently have any contractual commitments to do so.

ENO-3001 Colon Cancer Vaccine

ENO-3001 is being developed as an intranasal cancer vaccine therapy for long term maintenance and prevention of relapse for stage III and IV colon cancer patients. We remain in the discovery stage of formulation of ENO-3001, and we plan to develop partnerships to a suitable pre-clinical candidate.

ENO-4002

ENO-4002 is being developed as an improvement on ENO-4001 (formerly “MCV”), as a dendritic cell cancer vaccine designed to prevent relapse in colon cancer patients with no evidence of disease after resection and chemotherapy. We are currently in the discovery stage, and we believe a succession of strong clinical success in the field of checkpoint inhibitors has spawned a renewed interest in the development of cancer vaccines. We plan to use new clinical data to and existing data on ENO-4001 to develop ENO-4002.

ENO-5001 Genetically Modified Allogeneic Dendritic Cells

ENO-5001 is being developed as an off the shelf, universal, dendritic cell as a delivery system for more specifically tailored cancer treatments. In this approach, immature dendritic cells that are differentiated from monocytes derived from bone marrow stem cells. During the production process, monocytes are genetically modified to elicit cellular, humoral and systemic immune response by activating the cytotoxic response pathway, reactive B cell response, which induces a pan-activated immune response against the “target” we are loading the dendritic cells with. The genetic modifications of these monocytes include a single chain proprietary/unique sequence that we have developed. The genetically modified monocytes then get differentiated into immature dendritic cells pulsed with tumor lysate (or neoepitopes) and matured using Enochian’s proprietary maturation cocktail o be turned into a therapeutic cancer vaccine.

ENO-4001 (formerly “MCV”) Colon Cancer Treatment

E ENO-4001 (formerly “MCV”), is a phase II dendritic cell cancer vaccine designed to prevent relapse in colon cancer patients with no evidence of disease after resection and chemotherapy, and we are seeking partnerships to further develop this asset as ENO-4002.

Collaborations

We have established strategic partnerships for several of our therapeutic programs. We will continue to pursue partnerships when appropriate with selected pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to fund internal research and development activities, and to assist in product development and commercialization. We are applying our technology platform to several commercial applications in which our products provide us and our strategic partners and collaborators with potential technical, competitive and economic advantages.

Recent Business Developments

On April 9, 2018, the Company announced the appointment of Hans-Peter Kiem to its Scientific Advisory Board (“SAB”).

On March 22, 2018, the Board established an Audit Committee, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and Compensation Committee each comprised solely of the independent directors. The Audit Committee is chaired by Ms. Evelyn D’An, who qualifies as an audit committee financial expert under the listing standards of the NASDAQ Capital Market; the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is chaired by Dr. Mark Dybul; and the Compensation Committee is chaired by Mr. James Sapirstein.

On March 6, 2018, the Board increased its size from 4 to 6 members and appointed Mr. Sapirstein and Ms. D’An as directors, each of whom is considered independent under the listing standards of the Nasdaq Capital Market; and

On February 28, 2018, the Board increased its size from 2 to 4 members and appointed Carl Sandler, formerly the Chief Executive Officer of Enochian Biopharma, and Dr. Dybul, who is considered independent under the listing standards of the Nasdaq Capital Market;

On February 16, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Enochian Biopharma pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement, with Enochian Biopharma surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Registrant.

On February 16, 2018, in connection with the Acquisition Agreement, the Registrant entered into a consulting agreement with Carl Sandler, a board member and a manager and member of Weird Science LLC (“Weird Science”), which is a significant stockholder of the Registrant for services related to clinical development and new business opportunities.

On February 16, 2018, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Weird Science under which Weird Science provided services related to the development of the Company’s products for the treatment of HIV and cancer.

On January 18, 2018, the Company announced the appointment of Ambassador Mark R. Dybul, MD and Steven G. Deeks, MD to its Scientific Advisory Board. Dr. Dybul also serves as the Chairman of the Scientific Advisory Board.

On January 12, 2018, the Registrant, its wholly owned subsidiary DanDrit Acquisition Sub, Inc., (“Acquisition Sub”) Enochian Biopharma and Weird Science entered into an Acquisition Agreement (the “Acquisition Agreement”) for the acquisition of Enochian Biopharma from Weird Science and most notably, an exclusive license to use and commercialize intellectual property related to HIV with Enochian Biopharma as licensee and Weird Science as licensor.

 On April 21, 2017, the Registrant engaged Gumrukcu Health LLC to consult the Company on the efficacy of the Company’s cancer vaccine protocol ENO-4001 (previously known as “MCV”).

On April 21, 2017, the Registrant engaged Dr. Ester Ben-Zion to consult the Company to develop a new science based on immune therapy.

Our Intellectual Property 

Patents and licenses are important to our business. Our strategy is to file or license patent applications to protect technology, inventions and improvements to inventions that we consider important for the development of our business. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret laws, as well as continuing technological innovations, proprietary knowledge, and various third party agreements, including, without limitation, confidentiality agreements, materials transfer agreements, research agreements and licensing agreements, to establish and protect our proprietary rights. We aim to take advantage of all of the intellectual property rights that are available to us.

We also protect our proprietary information by requiring our employees, consultants, contractors and other advisors to execute nondisclosure and assignment of invention agreements upon commencement of their respective employment or engagement. Our patent filings are discussed briefly below.

This patent family is directed to the generation of dendritic cells based on a blood sample by culturing monocytes at reduced temperatures. Dendritic cells exposed to tumor antigens followed by treatment with T(h)1-polarizing differentiation signals have paved the way for the development of dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines. Issued claims are directed to a method of generating immature dendritic cells under certain temperature settings which by further activation has been shown to give a high yield of homogeneous and fully matured dendritic cells. The patent expiry date is 2032. This patent has been issued in the USA, Canada, China, Eurasia, Russia, Europe, Israel, Mexico, Malaysia, and New Zealand. This patent is owned by the Company and was not licensed from third parties.

The above patents are protected by relevant international extensions. We may continue to seek patent protection for further innovations, such as novel dendritic cell production systems or dendritic cell quality control. To support potential income streams, we may patent non-core applications of its dendritic cell technologies so as to secure future revenue streams from out-licensing activity.

Trade Secrets and Proprietary Know-How

In addition to intellectual property protected by patents and copyrights, we have trade secrets and proprietary know-how relating to our products, production processes, and future strategies. Any disclosure of trade secrets and proprietary know-how has been pursuant to a confidentiality (or non-disclosure) agreement. Such agreements require the executing parties to keep the Company’s trade secrets and proprietary know-how confidential and use such commercial secrets only for specific purposes.

In-Licensed Technology

On February 16, 2018, Enochian Biopharma, the Registrant’s wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a License Agreement (the “License Agreement”) with Weird Science. The License Agreement contains, among other things, the following terms: (a) a perpetual, fully paid-up, royalty-free, sublicensable, and exclusive (including to the exclusion of Weird Science) worldwide license from Weird Science to Enochian Biopharma to use Weird Science’s intellectual property and technology for the prevention, treatment, and/or amelioration of and/or therapy for HIV in humans, and research and development exclusively relating to HIV in humans (the “Field”) worldwide; (b) a nonexclusive, royalty-free, sublicensable license from Enochian Biopharma to Weird Science to use the Enochian Technology to commercialize products outside of the Field worldwide; (c) a nonexclusive, royalty-free license from Enochian Biopharma to Weird Science to use the results of a study with syngeneic and humanized mice models outside the Field and, at Weird Science’s own expense, to prosecute patents relating to the results of the study, which Weird Science will own, and (d) a perpetual, fully paid-up, royalty-free, sublicensable, and sole and exclusive (including to the exclusion of Weird Science) worldwide license from Weird Science to Enochian Biopharma (which will be part of the license described in (a) above) to use patent applications and patents related to the study results disclosed in (d) above solely in the Field, and to make, have made, use, sell, offer to sell and import inventions claimed in such patent applications and patents solely in the Field.

Competition

The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, including in the field of gene therapy, are characterized by rapidly advancing technologies, intense competition and a strong emphasis on intellectual property. While we believe that our technology platforms, strong intellectual property portfolio and scientific expertise in the gene therapy field provide us with competitive advantages, we face potential competition from many different sources, including larger and better-funded pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, new market entrants and new technologies.

We are aware of several companies focused on other methods for editing genes and regulating gene expression and a limited number of commercial and academic groups pursuing the development of gene regulation and genome editing technology. The field of applied gene regulation and genome editing is highly competitive and we expect competition to persist and intensify in the future from a number of different sources, including pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies; academic and research institutions; and government agencies.

Accordingly, our competitors may succeed in obtaining patent protection, receiving FDA approval, or commercializing competitive products before us. If we commence commercial product sales, we may be competing against companies with greater marketing and manufacturing capabilities, areas in which we have limited or no

experience. In addition, any product candidate that we successfully develop may compete with existing products that have long histories of safe and effective use.

The competitive landscape that we are facing is as follows:

Gene therapy companies developing gene-based products in clinical trials. uniQure N.V.’s product for lipoprotein lipase deficiency and GlaxoSmithKline plc’s, or GSK, product for severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency are approved in Europe. No other gene therapy products have yet been approved. Our competitors in this category may include, but not be limited to, Sangamo, uniQure N.V., bluebird bio, Inc., Regenxbio Inc., Shire, Pfizer, and GSK.

Cell therapy companies developing cell-based products. Our competitors in this category may include Novartis AG, Adaptimmune Therapeutics PLC, Atara Biotherapeutics, Inc., bluebird bio, Inc., Cellectis S.A., Juno Therapeutics, Inc., Kite, and Iovance Biotechnologies, Inc..

For ENO-1001, we are aware of two companies developing a gene therapy for HIV/AIDS: Sangamo and American gene Technology.

For ENO-2001, we are aware of a few biotech companies developing an HIV vaccine:

For ENO-5001, the competitive landscape is more complex.

Immunotherapy is an active area of research and a number of immune-related products have been identified in recent years that are alleged to modulate the immune system. Many of these products utilize dendritic cells, a form of immune cell that presents cancer target peptides to T cells and that can in turn result in T cell activation. More recently, bi-specific antibodies and checkpoint inhibitors (for instance PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies) have been identified as having utility in the treatment of cancer. Bi-specific antibodies commonly target both the cancer peptide and the T cell receptors (“TCR”), thus bringing both cancer cells and T cells into close proximity to maximize the chance of TCR binding and hence an immune response to the cancer cells. Checkpoint inhibitors on the other hand work by targeting receptors that inhibit T cell effectiveness and proliferation and essentially activate T cells. Other immunotherapies that are being actively investigated include: antibody-drug complexes, TCR-mimic antibodies, oncolytic viruses, cancer vaccines. A variety of cell-based autologous and allogeneic approaches are also being researched and developed.

CAR-T in solid tumors

In addition to hematological malignancies, there are a growing number of pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and academic institutions researching and developing autologous and allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor T cell (“CAR-T”) therapies in the solid tumor setting. These CAR-T cell therapies are at a variety of stages of preclinical and clinical development, as well as directed towards a broad target spectrum. Two Car-T therapies has been approved for treatment of leukemia

CARs&TCR-mimics targeting peptide-HLA complexes

Most CAR-T therapies in development are directed towards antigen targets. However, competitors are also developing a CAR-T that selectively binds to the peptide-HLA (pHLA) complex (the natural binding site for endogenous TCR). Furthermore, competitors are also looking at pHLA antibodies or TCR mimic antibodies that can either be engineered in Tcells or developed as standalone antibody therapies in cancer indications (including solid tumors).

TCRTcells

Competitors are developing TCR T cells (including affinity engineered T cells) that are directed towards a multitude of targets. Juno Therapeutics has developed an engineered TCR therapeutic candidate where the end TCR is purported to have enhanced affinity through stem-cell selection.

Other cell-based approaches

In addition to all the adoptive cell therapy approaches above, our competitors are also investigating the potential of GammaDelta T cell, CAR-NK cell, NK cell, NKT cell and CTLs either in a preclinical or clinical setting (both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors).

Manufacturing

We rely on contract manufacturing organizations (“CMOs”), to produce our preclinical and clinical product candidates in accordance with FDA and EMA mandated regulations, also known as current good manufacturing practices, (“cGMPs”). We employ a technical operations staff in the areas of process development, analytical development, quality control, quality assurance, project management, and manufacturing to facilitate appropriate oversight of our CMOs, support of our regulatory filings and execution of clinical trials.

Government Regulation

In the United States, the FDA regulates biologic products including gene therapy products under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (“FDCA), the Public Health Service Act (“PHSA”), and regulations and guidance implementing these laws. The FDCA, PHSA and their corresponding regulations govern, among other things, the testing, manufacturing, safety, efficacy, labeling, packaging, storage, record keeping, distribution, reporting, advertising and other promotional practices involving biologic products. Applications to the FDA are required before conducting human clinical testing of biologic products. Additionally, each clinical trial protocol for a gene therapy product candidate is reviewed by the FDA and, in limited instances the National Institutes of Health, or the NIH, through its Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (“RAC”). FDA approval also must be obtained before marketing of biologic products. The process of obtaining regulatory approvals and the subsequent compliance with appropriate federal, state, local and foreign statutes and regulations require the expenditure of substantial time and financial resources and we may not be able to obtain the required regulatory approvals.

U.S. Biologic Products Development Process

Our product candidates must be approved by the FDA before they may be legally marketed in the United States. The process required by the FDA before a biologic product candidate may be marketed in the United States generally involves the following:

Before testing any biologic product candidate in humans, including a gene therapy product candidate, the product candidate must undergo preclinical testing. Preclinical tests, also referred to as nonclinical studies, include laboratory evaluations of product chemistry, toxicity and formulation, as well as in vivo studies to assess the potential safety and activity of the product candidate and to establish a rationale for therapeutic use. The conduct of the preclinical tests must comply with federal regulations and requirements including GLPs. Concurrent with clinical trials, companies usually must complete some long-term preclinical testing, such as animal tests of reproductive adverse events and carcinogenicity, and must also develop additional information about the chemistry and physical characteristics of the drug and finalize a process for manufacturing the drug in commercial quantities in accordance with cGMP requirements. The manufacturing process must be capable of consistently producing quality batches of the drug candidate and, among other things, the manufacturer must develop methods for testing the identity, strength, quality and purity of the final drug product. Additionally, appropriate packaging must be selected and tested and stability studies must be conducted to demonstrate that the drug candidate does not undergo unacceptable deterioration over its shelf life.

If a gene therapy trial is conducted at, or sponsored by, institutions receiving NIH funding for recombinant DNA research, prior to the submission of an IND to the FDA, a protocol and related documents must be submitted to, and the study registered with, the NIH Office of Biotechnology Activities, or the OBA, pursuant to the NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules, or the NIH Guidelines. Compliance with the NIH Guidelines is mandatory for investigators at institutions receiving NIH funds for research involving recombinant DNA. However, many companies and other institutions, not otherwise subject to the NIH Guidelines, voluntarily follow them. The NIH is responsible for convening the RAC that discusses protocols that raise novel or particularly important scientific, safety or ethical considerations at one of its quarterly public meetings. The OBA will notify the FDA of the RAC’s decision regarding the necessity for full public review of a gene therapy protocol. RAC proceedings and reports are posted to the OBA website and may be accessed by the public.

The clinical trial sponsor must submit the results of the preclinical tests, together with manufacturing information, analytical data, any available clinical data or literature and a proposed clinical protocol, to the FDA as part of the IND. Some preclinical testing may continue even after the IND is submitted. The IND automatically

becomes effective 30 days after receipt by the FDA, unless the FDA places the clinical trial on a clinical hold. In such a case, the IND sponsor and the FDA must resolve any outstanding concerns before the clinical trial can begin. With gene therapy protocols, if the FDA allows the IND to proceed, but the RAC decides that full public review of the protocol is warranted, the FDA will request at the completion of its IND review that sponsors delay initiation of the protocol until after completion of the RAC review process. The FDA also may impose clinical holds on a biologic product candidate at any time before or during clinical trials due to safety concerns or non-compliance. If the FDA imposes a clinical hold, trials may not recommence without FDA authorization and then only under terms authorized by the FDA. Accordingly, we cannot be sure that submission of an IND will result in the FDA allowing clinical studies to begin, or that, once begun, issues will not arise that suspend or terminate such studies.

Human Clinical Trials Under an IND

Clinical trials involve the administration of the biologic product candidate to healthy volunteers or patients under the supervision of qualified investigators which generally are physicians not employed by, or under, the control of the trial sponsor. Clinical trials are conducted under written study protocols detailing, among other things, the objectives of the clinical trial, dosing procedures, subject selection and exclusion criteria and the parameters to be used to monitor subject safety, including stopping rules that assure a clinical trial will be stopped if certain adverse events should occur. Each protocol and any amendments to the protocol must be submitted to the FDA as part of the IND. Clinical trials must be conducted and monitored in accordance with the FDA’s regulations comprising the GCP requirements, including the requirement that all research subjects provide informed consent.

Further, each clinical trial must be reviewed and approved by an IRB at or servicing each institution at which the clinical trial will be conducted. An IRB is charged with protecting the welfare and rights of trial participants and considers items such as whether the risks to individuals participating in the clinical trials are minimized and are reasonable in relation to anticipated benefits. The IRB also approves the form and content of the informed consent that must be signed by each clinical trial subject, or their legal representative, reviews and approves the study protocol, and must monitor the clinical trial until completed. Clinical trials involving recombinant DNA also must be reviewed by an institutional biosafety committee, or IBC, a local institutional committee that reviews and oversees basic and clinical research that utilizes recombinant DNA at that institution. The IBC assesses the safety of the research and identifies any potential risk to public health or the environment.

Human clinical trials typically are conducted in three sequential phases that may overlap or be combined:

During all phases of clinical development, regulatory agencies require extensive monitoring and auditing of all clinical activities, clinical data and clinical trial investigators. Annual progress reports detailing the results of the clinical trials must be submitted to the FDA.

Written IND safety reports must be promptly submitted to the FDA, the NIH and the investigators for: serious and unexpected adverse events; any findings from other trials, in vivo laboratory tests or in vitro testing that suggest a significant risk for human subjects; or any clinically important increase in the rate of a serious suspected adverse reaction over that listed in the protocol or investigator brochure. The sponsor must submit an IND safety report within 15 calendar days after the sponsor determines that the information qualifies for reporting. The sponsor also must notify the FDA of any unexpected fatal or life threatening suspected adverse reaction within seven calendar days after the sponsor’s initial receipt of the information.

The FDA or the sponsor or its data safety monitoring board may suspend a clinical trial at any time on various grounds, including a finding that the research subjects or patients are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. Similarly, an IRB can suspend or terminate approval of a clinical trial at its institution if the clinical trial is not being conducted in accordance with the IRB’s requirements or if the biologic product candidate has been associated with unexpected serious harm to patients. FDA usually recommends that sponsors observe subjects for potential gene therapy-related delayed adverse events for a 15-year period, including a minimum of five years of annual examinations followed by 10 years of annual queries, either in person or by questionnaire.

Compliance with cGMP Requirements

Manufacturers of biologics must comply with applicable cGMP regulations, including quality control and quality assurance and maintenance of records and documentation. Manufacturers and others involved in the manufacture and distribution of such products also must register their establishments with the FDA and certain state agencies. Both domestic and foreign manufacturing establishments must register and provide additional information to the FDA upon their initial participation in the manufacturing process. Establishments may be subject to periodic, unannounced inspections by government authorities to ensure compliance with cGMP requirements and other laws. Discovery of problems may result in a government entity placing restrictions on a product, manufacturer or holder of an approved BLA, and may extend to requiring withdrawal of the product from the market. The FDA will not approve a BLA unless it determines that the manufacturing processes and facilities are in compliance with cGMP requirements and adequate to assure consistent production of the product within required specification.

Concurrent with clinical trials, companies usually complete additional preclinical studies and must also develop additional information about the physical characteristics of the biologic product candidate as well as finalize a process for manufacturing the product candidate in commercial quantities in accordance with cGMP requirements. To help reduce the risk of the introduction of adventitious agents or of causing other adverse events with the use of biologic products, the PHSA emphasizes the importance of manufacturing control for products whose attributes cannot be precisely defined. The manufacturing process must be capable of consistently producing quality batches of the product candidate and, among other requirements, the sponsor must develop methods for testing the identity, strength, quality, potency and purity of the final biologic product. Additionally, appropriate packaging must be selected and tested and stability studies must be conducted to demonstrate that the biologic product candidate does not undergo unacceptable deterioration over its shelf life.

U.S. Review and Approval Processes

The results of the preclinical tests and clinical trials, together with detailed information relating to the product’s CMC and proposed labeling, among other things, are submitted to the FDA as part of a BLA requesting approval to market the product for one or more indications.

Under the Prescription Drug User Fee Act, , as amended (“PDUFA”), each BLA must be accompanied by a significant user fee. The FDA adjusts the PDUFA user fees on an annual basis. The PDUFA also imposes an annual program fee for approved biologics. Fee waivers or reductions are available in certain circumstances, including a waiver of the application fee for the first application filed by a small business. The FDA reviews a BLA within 60 days of submission to determine if it is substantially complete before the agency accepts it for filing. The FDA may refuse to file any BLA that it deems incomplete or not properly reviewable at the time of submission and may request additional information. In that event, the BLA must be resubmitted with the additional information. The resubmitted application also is subject to review before the FDA accepts it for filing. Once the submission is accepted for filing, the FDA begins an in-depth, substantive review of the BLA.

The FDA reviews the BLA to determine, among other things, whether the proposed product candidate is safe and potent, or effective, for its intended use, has an acceptable purity profile and whether the product candidate is being manufactured in accordance with cGMP to assure and preserve the product candidate’s identity, safety, strength, quality, potency and purity. The FDA may refer applications for novel biologic products or biologic products that present difficult questions of safety or efficacy to an advisory committee, typically a panel that includes clinicians and other experts, for review, evaluation and a recommendation as to whether the application should be approved and under what conditions. The FDA is not bound by the recommendations of an advisory committee, but it considers such recommendations carefully when making decisions. During the product approval process, the FDA also will determine whether a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy, or REMS, is necessary to assure the safe use of the product candidate. REMS use risk minimization strategies beyond the professional labeling to ensure that the benefits of the product outweigh the potential risks. To determine whether a REMS is needed, the FDA will consider the size of the population likely to use the product, seriousness of the disease, expected benefit of the product, expected duration of treatment, seriousness of known or potential adverse events, and whether the product is a new molecular entity. A REMS could include medication guides, physician communication plans and elements to assure safe use, such as restricted distribution methods, patient registries and other risk minimization tools. If the FDA concludes a REMS is needed, the sponsor of the BLA must submit a proposed REMS; the FDA will not approve the BLA without a REMS, if required.

Before approving a BLA, the FDA will inspect the facilities at which the product candidate is manufactured. The FDA will not approve the product candidate unless it determines that the manufacturing processes and facilities are in compliance with cGMP requirements and adequate to assure consistent production of the product candidate within required specifications. Additionally, before approving a BLA, the FDA typically will inspect one or more clinical sites to assure that the clinical trials were conducted in compliance with IND trial requirements and GCP requirements.

On the basis of the BLA and accompanying information, including the results of the inspection of the manufacturing facilities, the FDA may issue an approval letter or a complete response letter. An approval letter authorizes commercial marketing of the biologic product with specific prescribing information for specific indications. A complete response letter generally outlines the deficiencies in the submission and may require substantial additional testing or information in order for the FDA to reconsider the application. If and when those deficiencies have been addressed to the FDA’s satisfaction in a resubmission of the BLA, the FDA will issue an approval letter.

If a product candidate receives regulatory approval, the approval may be significantly limited to specific diseases and dosages or the indications for use may otherwise be limited. Further, the FDA may require that certain contraindications, warnings or precautions be included in the product labeling. The FDA may impose restrictions and conditions on product distribution, prescribing or dispensing in the form of a REMS, or otherwise limit the scope of any approval. In addition, the FDA may require post-marketing clinical trials, sometimes referred to as Phase 4 clinical trials, designed to further assess a biologic product’s safety and effectiveness, and testing and surveillance programs to monitor the safety of approved products that have been commercialized.

The FDA has agreed to specified performance goals in the review of BLAs under the PDUFA. One such goal is to review standard BLAs in 10 months after the FDA accepts the BLA for filing, and priority BLAs in six months, whereupon a review decision is to be made. The FDA does not always meet its PDUFA goal dates for standard and priority BLAs and its review goals are subject to change from time to time. The review process and the PDUFA goal date may be extended by three months if the FDA requests or the BLA sponsor otherwise provides additional information or clarification regarding information already provided in the submission within the last three months before the PDUFA goal date.

Environmental Matters

We are subject to a broad range of federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations which govern, among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharges and the handling, storage disposal and release of wastes and hazardous substances. It is our policy to comply with applicable environmental requirements at all of our facilities. We are also subject to laws, such as the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, that may impose liability retroactively and without fault for releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances at on-site or off-site locations. We are subject to similar requirements in Denmark and other European countries.

Research and Development  

Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred and consist primarily of clinical trial costs related to manufacturing costs, consulting costs, contract research and development costs, and compensation costs. 

Discovery and preclinical research and development expenses include costs for substantial external scientific personnel, technical and regulatory advisers, and others, costs of laboratory supplies used in our internal research and development projects, travel, regulatory compliance, and expenditures for preclinical and clinical trial operation and management when we are actively engaged in clinical trials. Because we are pre-revenue company, we do not allocate research and development costs on a project basis. We adopted this policy, in part, due to the unreasonable cost burden associated with accounting at such a level of detail and our limited number of financial and personnel resources.

Expenses for Company-sponsored research and development for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were $616,961 and $62,763, respectively.

Employees

As of June 30, 2018, we had 4full-time employees. We are in the process of building a research and development organization that includes extensive expertise in gene therapy and related scientific disciplines. We operate cross-functionally and are led by an experienced research and development management team. We use rigorous project management techniques to assist us in making disciplined strategic research and development program decisions and to help limit the risk profile of our product pipeline. We also access relevant market information and key opinion leaders in creating target product profiles when appropriate, as we advance our programs towards commercialization. We engage third parties to conduct portions of our preclinical research. In addition, we plan to utilize multiple clinical sites to conduct our clinical trials.

Facilities and Offices

Our corporate headquarters are located at Century City Medical Plaza, 2080 Century Park East, Suite 906, Los Angeles CA, 90067.   We have a ten-year lease for approximately 2,453 square feet at this location. The base rent for this leased premises increases by 3% each year over the term, and ranges from $12,265 per month for the first year to $16,003 per month for the tenth year. The Company is entitled to $108,168 in contributions toward tenant improvements.

We also have a 5-year lease for 2,325 rentable square feet of office space at 5901 W. Olympic Blvd., Suite 419, Los Angeles, CA 90036. The base rent increases by 3% each year over the life of the lease, and ranges from approximately $8,719 per month for the first year to $10,107 per month for the two months of the sixth year. We are entitled to $70,800 in tenant improvement allowance in the form of free rent applied over 10 months in equal installments from January 2018.  

Corporate Information

We were incorporated in January 18, 2011 in the state of Delaware and on March 2, 2018 we changed our name from “DanDrit Biotech USA, Inc.” to Enochian BioSciences, Inc.” Our website is http://www.enochianbio.com. We make available free of charge, on or through our internet site, our annual, quarterly, and current reports and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Information contained in our website is not part of, nor incorporated by reference into, this report.

We originally incorporated in Delaware on under the name “Putnam Hills Corp.” We filed a Registration Statement on Form 10 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on August 12, 2011.

On February 12, 2014, pursuant to a Share Exchange Agreement, the Registrant acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of DanDrit Denmark and as a result became DanDrit Denmark’s parent company (the “Share Exchange”). Prior to the Share Exchange, the Registrant and an existing shareholder agreed to cancel 4,400,000 out of 5,000,000 shares of Common Stock of DanDrit Denmark outstanding, and the Company issued 1,440,000 shares of Common Stock for legal and consulting services related to the Share Exchange and a future public offering. At the time of the Share Exchange each outstanding share of common stock of DanDrit Denmark was exchanged for 1.498842 shares of Common Stock, for a total of 6,000,000 shares of Common Stock, resulting in 8,040,000 shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately following the Share Exchange, including the Escrow Shares, which are deemed issued and outstanding for accounting purposes (See also Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

In June 2015, the Board approved a change to the Registrant’s fiscal year end from December 31 to June 30. 

On February 16, 2018, we completed our acquisition of Enochian Biopharma pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement, with Enochian Biopharma surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Registrant. As consideration for the Acquisition, the stockholders of Enochian Biopharma received (i) 18,081,962 shares of Common Stock and (ii) the right to receive Contingent Shares pro rata upon the exercise or conversion of warrants which were outstanding at closing (See also Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

Emerging Growth Company

 As a company with less than $1.0 billion in revenue during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or JOBS Act, enacted in April 2012. An “emerging growth company” may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to public companies. These provisions include, but are not limited to:

 Each of the foregoing exemptions is currently available to us. We may take advantage of these exemptions until the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of our common equity securities pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, which such fifth anniversary will occur on June 30, 2019 or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. We would cease to be an emerging growth company if we have more than $1.0 billion in annual revenues as of the end of a fiscal year, if we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the SEC, or if we issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year-period. The JOBS Act permits an emerging growth company to take advantage of an extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies; provided, however, that an emerging growth company may elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have not elected to opt out of the transition period.

Because we have elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in future filings, the information that we provide to our stockholders may be different than you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests.   

Item 1A. Risk Factors

As a “smaller reporting company” as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company is not required to provide the information required by this Item. 

1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

There are no unresolved SEC staff comments.

Item 2. Properties

The Company currently leases the following properties:

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of our operations in the normal course of business. We are not currently a party to in any legal proceeding that we believe would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information

Our Common Stock is quoted on the OTCQB. The following table sets forth the range of high and low bid quotations on the Common Stock for the quarterly periods indicated, as reported by the National Quotation Bureau, Inc. The quotations are inter-dealer prices without retail mark-ups, mark downs or commissions and may not represent actual transactions.

Holders of Common Stock

As of June 30, 2018 the Company had 36,163,924 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding. On August 24, 2018 issued 10,000 shares of Common Stock to a consultant for consulting services provided. As of September 28, 2018 we had 36,173,924 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding and approximately 340 stockholders of record.

Dividends

The Company has not declared or paid any cash dividends on its Common Stock and does not intend to declare or pay any cash dividend in the foreseeable future. The payment of dividends, if any, is within the discretion of the Board and will depend on the Company’s earnings, if any, its capital requirements and financial condition and such other factors as the Board may consider.

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The Registrant is a smaller reporting company and is not required to provide this information.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes to those statements included elsewhere in this report. In addition to the historical financial information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.

Our Business

We are a biopharmaceutical company dedicated to identifying, developing, manufacturing and commercializing gene therapies. We accomplish this by translating groundbreaking science combined with our expertise in gene therapy, gene regulation and cell therapy. Our gene therapy platform can be applied to multiple indications. We are first applying our technology to develop therapies seeking to improve the lives of patients with HIV/AIDS through the restorative potential of gene therapy. Additionally, we have combined the gene therapy platform with our extensive knowledge of dendritic cells to develop a novel proprietary immuno-oncology technology platform. In the process of developing our HIV/AIDS and oncology platforms, we are accruing significant scientific, manufacturing and regulatory capabilities as well as building upon our proprietary knowledge that is applicable in the broader field of gene therapy.

In infectious diseases, we are in the early stage of development of ENO-1001, a genetically modified cell therapy for patients with HIV/AIDS and ENO-2001, a preventative vaccine for HIV/AIDS.

 In immune-oncology, we have developed, and patented cancer vaccines used in initial clinical trials in Europe and Asia, including ENO-4001 for the treatment of cancer (one phase I/II trial in Denmark and two-phase II trials in Denmark and Singapore). We have advanced candidate therapies, targeted initially at non-small-cell-lung-cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (sometimes referred to herein as CRC). We are also in the early stages of developing additional compounds: ENO-5001 (a genetically modified allogeneic dendritic cell-based therapy), ENO-4001 (formerly “MCV”), ENO-4002 (novel version of ENO-4001), and ENO-3001 (as therapy for the prevention of relapse in colorectal cancer patients). ENO-4001 (previously known as MCV) was developed by our Company in 2001.  Currently, our only product in clinical stage is ENO-4001, and we have no plans to market ENO-4001; rather we expect to seek out strategic partnerships to further develop and market this asset in the future.

To date, our operations have been funded by sales of our securities. Sales revenue will not support our current operations and we expect this to be the case until our therapies or products are approved for marketing in the United States and Europe. Even if we are successful in having our therapies or products approved for sale in the United States and Europe, we cannot guarantee that a market for the product will develop. We may never be profitable.

Acquisition

On January 12, 2018, the Registrant, Acquisition Sub, Enochian Biopharma and Weird Science entered into the Acquisition Agreement, pursuant to which on February 16, 2018, Enochian Biopharma became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Registrant. As consideration for the Acquisition, the stockholders of Enochian Biopharma received, in the aggregate, (i) 18,081,962 shares of the Common Stock of the Registrant and (ii) the right to receive shares of Common Stock pro rata upon the exercise or conversion of up to 6,488,122 warrants which were outstanding at closing. As of June 30, 2018, 6,488,122 shares of Common Stock are contingently issuable in connection with the Acquisition of Enochian Biopharma (the “Contingent Shares”).

As a condition of the Acquisition, Enochian Biopharma, as licensee, entered into an intellectual property license agreement with Weird Science, as licensor, which contained: (a) a perpetual, fully paid-up, royalty-free, sublicensable, and sole and exclusive (including to the exclusion of Weird Science) worldwide license from Weird Science to Enochian Biopharma covering all Intellectual Property Rights of Weird Science in the Field (defined below) to research, develop, use, sell, have sold, make, have made, offer for sale, import and otherwise commercialize products and to otherwise use and practice the intellectual property and technology of Weird Science solely for the prevention, treatment, and/or amelioration of and/or therapy exclusively for HIV in humans, and research and development exclusively relating to HIV in humans (the “Field”) worldwide; (b) a nonexclusive license from Enochian Biopharma to Weird Science to use the results of a certain study related to the Field, at Weird Science’s own expense, to prosecute patents which would be owned by Weird Science; and (c) a perpetual, fully paid-up, royalty-free, sublicensable, and sole and exclusive (including to the exclusion of Weird Science) worldwide license from Weird Science to Enochian Biopharma (which will be part of the license described in (a) above) to use such patent applications and patents solely in the Field, and to make, have made, use, sell, offer to sell and import inventions claimed in such patent applications and patents solely in the Field. Weird Science also irrevocably assigned to Company all rights, title and interest in certain study results to the extent within the Field and all inventions, improvements or discoveries made or reduced to practice in the performance of such study to the extent within the Field (including all intellectual property therein).

In connection with the Acquisition, the Registrant, Weird Science and RS Group ApS, a significant stockholder of the Registrant (“RS Group”) entered into (a) an Investor Rights Agreement, which provides for (A) nomination rights of each of Weird Science and RS Group to nominate a single director each, (B) both Weird Science and RS Group to nominate 3 mutually agreed directors, (C) both Weird Science and RS Group to consent to any increase in the number of directors, (D) restrictions on transfer of securities held by both other than pursuant to certain permitted transferees agreeing to be bound thereunder, and (E) demand and piggy-back registration rights for the former stockholders of Enochian Biopharma with respect to the shares of Registrant’s common stock issued in connection with the Acquisition and; (b) a Standstill & Lock-Up Agreement, which subject to customary terms and limitations provides for (Y) restrictions on Weird Science and its affiliates from acquiring any Common Stock other than as provided in the Acquisition Agreement or such that they would own greater than 50% of such shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding and (Z) restrictions on sale of one half of the securities owned by Weird Science and RS Group for twelve months and the other half for 24 months subject to customary permitted dispositions and transfers.

Also, simultaneously with closing of the Acquisition, the Registrant completed a private placement offering for a total of 1,677,130 shares of Common Stock at a price of $8.00 per share for aggregate proceeds of $13,417,040, and, certain of our warrant holders exercised warrants to purchase 2,400,000 shares of Common Stock, for total proceeds to the Company of $3,295,000.

As a result of the Acquisition, our total assets as of June 30, 2018 were $179,662,426 as compared to $4,522,152 as of June 30, 2017. Total current liabilities decreased to $873,721 as of June 30, 2018 compared to $2,989,418 as of June 30, 2017. The increase in total assets and decrease in total current liabilities were primarily due to additional capital fund raising efforts and the Acquisition.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Year ended June 30, 2018 compared to the year ended June 30, 2017.

The following table sets forth our revenues, expenses and net income for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. The financial information below is derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Comparison of the Years ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017

Revenues

We are a development stage biotechnology company, and we do not anticipate earning any revenues until our therapies or products are approved for marketing and sale.

Expenses

Our operating expenses for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were $8,169,359 and $2,400,427, respectively, representing an increase of $5,768,932, or 240.3%. The largest contributor to the operating expenses for the year ended June 30, 2018 was the increase in depreciation and amortization, which was attributable to amortization of the indefinite life intangible assets from the Acquisition.

Non-Cash Compensation Expenses for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were $257,937 and $626,487, respectively, representing a decrease of $368,550. The increase was due to one-time grants made to an officer and a consultant during the year ended June 30, 2018.

General and administrative expenses for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were $3,641,781 and $933,845, respectively, representing an increase of $2,707,936, or 289.9%. General and administrative expenses include audit and legal fees, office leases, insurance, patent fees, salaries and travel expenses. The increase was primarily due to $2,091,401 in costs related to the Acquisition and fundraising activities.

Research and development expenses for the years ended June 30, 2018, and June 30, 2017 were $616,961 and $62,763, respectively, representing an increase of $554,198 or approximately 883%. The increase was attributable to expenditures related to the development of and pre-clinical studies for ENO-1001 and ENO-4001.

Depreciation and amortization expenses for the year ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were $2,858,514 and $14,528, respectively, representing an increase of $2,843,986, or 19,572%. The increase was primarily attributable to the amortization of the patents and definite life intangible assets obtained in the Acquisition.

Consulting expenses for the years, ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were $794,166 and $762,804, respectively, representing an increase of $31,362, or 4.1%.

Other Income (Expense)

Net other income (expense) for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was $1,094,222 and $192,720, respectively, representing an increase of $901,952 or 469.1%. The increase was due primarily to the change in the fair value of the Contingent Consideration, the increase in forgiveness of debt, interest income, and gains on currency transactions.

Net Loss

Net loss for the years ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017 was $9,151,865 and $2,142,830, respectively, representing an increase in the loss of $7,009,035, or 327.1%. The increase net loss was primarily due to the various activities in connection with the Acquisition, such as the increase in depreciation and amortization attributable to amortization of the acquired indefinite life intangible assets, the increase in legal fees and the increase in financing and private placement costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have historically satisfied our capital and liquidity requirements through funding from shareholders, the issuance of convertible notes (which over time have all been converted into shares of Common Stock) and the sale of our Common Stock. At this time, we believe we have sufficient liquidity to fund our operations for the foreseeable future.

We may however need additional funds for (a) purchase of equipment, (b) research and development, specifically to open an Investigational New Drug Application (“IND”) (The first step in the drug review process by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) for ENO-1001 and to continue our research and development of ENO-4001 and ENO-4002 and (c) possible future strategic acquisitions of businesses, products or technologies complementary to our business. If additional funds are required, we may raise such funds from time to time through public or private sales of our equity or debt securities. Financing may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all, and our failure to raise capital when needed could materially adversely impact our growth plans and our financial condition and results of operations.

As of June 30, 2018, the Company had $15,600,865 in cash and working capital of $14,888,294 as compared to $3,941,712 in cash and working capital of $1,209,462 as of June 30, 2017, an increase of 295.8% and 1,131.0%, respectively. The increase is primarily due to $13,417,040 of cash raised in the private placement completed on February 16, 2018 and the exercise of warrants by certain warrant holders for total proceeds to the Company of $3,295,000.

Private Placements

On May 15, 2017, we completed a private placement offering of units, consisting of 2,700,000 shares of Common Stock and warrants to acquire 5,400,000 shares of Common Stock for total proceeds to the Company of $3,510,000 or $1.30 per unit.

On July 12, 2017, we completed a private placement offering of 1,231,561 units, consisting of 1,231,561 shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase 2,463,122 shares of Common Stock total proceeds to the Company of $1,601,029 or $1.30 per unit.

On February 16, 2018, we completed a private placement offering of 1,677,130 shares of Common Stock at a price of $8.00 per share for total proceeds to the Company of $13,417,040.

The private placements were made directly by the Company in reliance upon Section 4(a)(2) and/or Regulation S and no underwriter or placement agent was engaged by the Company.

Warrant Exercises

On February 16, 2018, certain of our warrant holders exercised warrants to purchase 2,400,000 shares of Common Stock for total proceeds to the Company of $3,295,000.

Notes Payable, related party

As of June 30, 2018, and 2017, the outstanding balance of $0 and $38,235 for professional fees paid by a shareholder and amounts advanced to the Company were reported as notes payable - related party. The $38,235 notes payable were acquired in Share Exchange. The amounts were unsecured, non-interest bearing and had no stipulated repayment terms. On March 19, 2018, the note payable, related party, was forgiven.

A 6% promissory note payable to NLBDIT 2010 Enterprises, LLC, an entity controlled by a former shareholder of the Company, was acquired by the Company in the Share Exchange. As of June 30, 2018 and 2017, the outstanding balance on the note, including accrued interest, was $0 and $49,581, respectively. On March 19, 2018, the promissory note payable, related party, was forgiven.

Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party

On July 1, 2016, we entered into a non-interest-bearing convertible note for $60,150, with an entity controlled by a shareholder of the Registrant (the “July 1 Note”). The July 1 Note had a maturity date of December 31, 2017 and was originally convertible into shares of Common Stock at $2.00 per share. The July 1 Note was amended on October 31, 2017, whereby it was convertible into shares of Common Stock at $1.60 per share. As the Common Stock was trading at $2.50 on July 1, 2016, the Registrant bifurcated the intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature and recorded a discount of $15,038. The July 1 Note was converted into 37,594 shares of Common Stock on February 16, 2018 at a conversion price of $1.60 per share. We accounted for the change as a modification of the original instrument according to ASC 470-50 Modifications and Extinguishments.

On July 19, 2016, we entered into a non-interest-bearing convertible note for $60,150, with an entity controlled by a shareholder of the Registrant (the “July 19 Note”). The July 19 Note had a maturity date of December 31, 2017 and was originally convertible into shares of Common Stock at $2.00 per share. The July 19 Note was amended on October 31, 2017, whereby was convertible into shares of Common Stock at $1.60 per share. The July 19 Note was converted into 37,594 shares of Common Stock on February 16, 2018 at a conversion price of $1.60 per share. We accounted for the change as a modification of the original instrument according to ASC 470-50 Modifications and Extinguishments.

On August 24, 2016, we entered into a non-interest-bearing convertible note for $90,225 with a shareholder of the Registrant (the “August 24 Note”). The August 24 Note was later acquired by an entity controlled by a then board member and shareholder of the Registrant. The August 24 Note had a maturity date of December 31, 2017 and was originally convertible into shares of Common Stock at $2.00 per share. The August 24 Note was amended on October 31, 2017, whereby it was convertible into shares of Common Stock at $1.60 per share. The August 24 Note was converted to 56,390 shares of Common Stock on November 29, 2017 at a conversion price of $1.60 per share. We accounted for the change as a modification of the original instrument according to ASC 470-50 Modifications and Extinguishments.

On September 21, 2016 the Company entered into a non-interest bearing convertible note for $150,375 with a shareholder of the Company (the “September 21 Note”). The September 21 Note was later acquired by an entity controlled by a then board member and shareholder of the Registrant. The September 21 Note had a maturity date of December 31, 2017 and was originally convertible into shares of Common Stock at $2.00 per share. The September 21 Note was amended on October 31, 2017, whereby it was convertible into shares of Common Stock at $1.60 per share. The September 21 Note was converted to 93,984 shares of Common Stock on November 29, 2017 at a conversion price of $1.60 per share. We accounted for the change as a modification of the original instrument according to ASC 470-50 Modifications and Extinguishments.

On March 9, 2017, the Registrant entered into a non-interest-bearing convertible note for $52,770 with an entity controlled by shareholder and former board member of the Registrant (the “March 9 Note” and together with the September 21 Note, August 24 Note, July 19 Note and the July 1 Note, the “2016/2017 Notes”). The March 9 Note was originally convertible into shares of Common Stock at $2.00 per share, and had an original maturity date of June 30, 2017. The March 9 Note was amended on October 31, 2017, whereby was convertible into shares of Common Stock at $1.60 per share with a maturity date of December 31, 2017. The March 9 Note was converted to 32,982 shares of Common Stock on November 29, 2017at a conversion price of $1.60 per share. We accounted for the change as a modification of the original instrument according to ASC 470-50 Modifications and Extinguishments.

Forgiveness of Note

On July 14, 2017, the Registrant agreed to loan to Enochian Biopharma up to $500,000 in exchange for a promissory note receivable executed by the Registrant (the “Enochian Biopharma Note”). The loan was a long-term debt obligation as defined in Item 303(a)(5)(ii)(A) of Regulation S-K that was then material to the Company. The Enochian Biopharma Note had an outstanding balance of $457,813 which included accrued interest, which was forgiven upon the completion of the Acquisition on February 16, 2018. The Company recorded the forgiveness of this promissory note receivable as general and administrative expense.

Cash Flows  

Year ended June 30, 2018 compared to the year ended June 30, 2017

Following is a summary of the Company’s cash flows provided by (used in) operating, investing, and financing activities:

At June 30, 2018 we had cash and cash equivalents of $15,600,865, an increase of $11,659,153, or 295.8% This increase was primarily due to cash provided by financing activities, partially offset by an increase in net cash used by operating activities as we continue our research and development activities.

We plan to use our increase in cash and cash equivalents to fund research and development, specifically to open an IND for ENO-1001 and to continue our research and development of ENO-4001 and ENO-4002.

Net cash used by operating activities for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was $4,338,269 and $1,177,478, respectively, representing an increase of $3,160,791, or 268.4%. The increase was primarily due to the amortization of the indefinite life intangible assets from the Acquisition, which is a non-cash activity, and the increase in general and administrative expenses primarily due to costs related to the Acquisition and fundraising activities.  

Changes in assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2018 compared to June 30, 2017 included the following:

For the year ended June 30, 2018, other receivables decreased $100,911 primarily for research and development tax credits, prepaid expenses increased $4,893, related party payables decreased $87,817, accounts payable increased $136,836 and accrued expenses decreased $162,688. For the year ended June 30, 2017 other receivables decreased $471,641 primarily for research and development tax credits, related party payables increased $137,643, accounts payable decreased $652,785 and accrued expenses increased $9,369.

 Net cash used in investing activities for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was $278,732 and $196,140, respectively, representing an increase of $82,592, or 42.1%. The increase is primarily due to the purchase of equipment and forgiveness of notes receivable. 

Net cash provided by financing activities for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was $16,712,715 and $5,506,601 respectively, representing an increase of $11,206,114, or 203.5%. The increase was primarily due to increased issuances of Common Stock and units in the private placements that took place on July 12, 2017 and February 16, 2018.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of June 30, 2018, and 2017, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements. We are not aware of any material transactions which are not disclosed in our consolidated financial statements. 

Significant Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Estimates 

The methods, estimates, and judgments that we use in applying our accounting policies have a significant impact on the results that we report in our consolidated financial statements. Some of our accounting policies require us to make difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates regarding matters that are inherently uncertain. In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We are not choosing to “opt out” of this provision. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that our decision to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards is irrevocable. As a result of our election, not to “opt out” of Section 107, the Company’s financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates.

Our most critical accounting estimates include:

Property and Equipment— Property and equipment are stated at cost. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized, upon being placed in service. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation is computed for financial statement purposes on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets which range from four to nine years.

Intangible Assets— Definite life intangible assets include patents and licenses. The Company accounts for definite life intangible assets in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 350, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. Intangible assets are recorded at cost. Patent costs consist of costs incurred to acquire the underlying patent. If it is determined that a patent will not be issued, the related remaining capitalized patent costs are charged to expense. License agreements cost represent the Fair Value of the license agreement on the date acquired. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life. The estimated useful life of patents is twenty years from the date of application.

Revenue Recognition and Sales— Sales of the Company’s MelCancerVac (“MCV“) colorectal cancer treatment have been limited to a compassionate use basis in Singapore after stage IIA trials and the vaccine is not currently approved for sale for any other use or location. The Company accounts for revenue recognition in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements” (SAB 101), and FASB ASC 605 Revenue Recognition. The Company recognizes revenue when rights and risk of ownership have passed to the customer, when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, product has been shipped or delivered to the customer, the price and terms are finalized, and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. Products are primarily shipped FOB shipping point at which time title passes to the customer.

Value Added Tax - In Denmark, Value Added Tax (“VAT”) of 25% of the invoice amount is collected in respect of the sales of goods on behalf of tax authorities. The VAT collected is not revenue of the Company; instead, the amount is recorded as a liability on the balance sheet until such VAT is paid to the authorities. VAT of 25% is also paid to Danish and EU vendors on invoices. These amounts are refundable from the respective governmental authority and recorded as other receivables in the accompanying financial statements.

Accounting Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimated.

Recently Enacted Accounting Standards

For a description of accounting changes and recent accounting standards, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects, if any, on our consolidated financial statements, see “Note 1: Recent Accounting Pronouncements” in the financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Registrant is a smaller reporting company and is not required to provide this information.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES, INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA, INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Enochian Biosciences, Inc.:

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Enochian Biosciences, Inc. (“the Company”) as of June 30, 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year  ended June 30, 2018 and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year  ended June 30, 2018, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Sadler, Gibb & Associates, LLC

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.

Salt Lake City, UT

September 28, 2018

4397 South Albright Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84124

(801) 277-2763 Phone

Board of Directors

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Formerly (DANDRIT BIOTECH USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY)

2080 Century Park East Suite 906

Los Angeles, CA 90067-2012

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (Formerly DanDrit Biotech USA, Inc. and Subsidiary) as of June 30, 2017, and the related consolidated statements of operations, consolidated other comprehensive income, consolidated stockholders’ equity (deficit) and consolidated cash flows for the year ended June 30, 2017. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal controls over financial reporting for the year ended June 30, 2017. Our audit included consideration of internal controls over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal controls over financial reporting for the year ended June 30, 2017. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, based on our audit, the consolidated financial statements audited by us present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Formerly (DanDrit Biotech USA, Inc.) as of June 30, 2017, and the consolidated results of their operations and their consolidated cash flows for the year ended June 30, 2017, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.

/s/ Gregory & Associates, LLC

November 20, 2017

Salt Lake City, Utah 

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

For the Years Ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Business and Basis of Presentation – Enochian BioSciences, Inc., formerly DanDrit Biotech USA, Inc. (“Enochian”, or “Registrant”, and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”, “we” or “us”) engages in the research and development, manufacturing and clinical trials of pharmaceutical and biological products for the human treatment of HIV and cancer. The Registrant was originally incorporated in the State of Delaware on January 18, 2011. On March 2, 2018, the Registrant amended its articles of incorporation changing the name of the Company to Enochian BioSciences, Inc.

Subsidiaries

Enochian Biopharma Inc. (“Enochian Biopharma”) was incorporated on May 19, 2017 in [Delaware] and is a 100% owned subsidiary of the Registrant. Enochian Biopharma owns a perpetual, fully paid-up, royalty-free, sublicensable, and sole and exclusive worldwide license to research, develop, use, sell, have sold, make, have made, offer for sale, import and otherwise commercialize certain intellectual property in cellular therapies for the prevention, treatment, amelioration of and/or therapy exclusively for HIV in humans, and research and development exclusively relating to HIV in humans (the “Field”). The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of Enochian Biopharma from the date of the acquisition which was completed on February 16, 2018.

DanDrit BioTech ApS, a Danish corporation was incorporated on April 1, 2001 (“DanDrit Denmark”) and is a 100% owned subsidiary of the Registrant (subject to 86,490 shares of Common Stock of DanDrit Denmark or 2.20% of outstanding shares to be acquired with the 129,596 shares of common stock of the Registrant (“Common Stock”) held in escrow according to Danish law (the “Escrow Shares”). DanDrit Denmark engages in the research and development, manufacturing and clinical trials of pharmaceutical and biological products for the human treatment of cancer.

Acquisition of Enochian Biopharma - On January 12, 2018, the Registrant, Acquisition Sub, Enochian Biopharma and Weird Science entered into the Acquisition Agreement, pursuant to which on February 16, 2018, Enochian Biopharma became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Registrant. As consideration for the Acquisition, the stockholders of Enochian Biopharma received (i) 18,081,962 shares of the Common Stock of the Registrant and (ii) the right to receive earn-out shares of Common Stock (“Contingent Shares”) pro rata upon the exercise or conversion of warrants which were outstanding at closing. As of June 30, 2018, 6,488,122 Contingent Shares are contingently issuable in connection with the Acquisition of Enochian Biopharma.

Year End - In June 2015, DanDrit USA’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) approved a change to its fiscal year end from December 31 to June 30.  

Consolidation - For the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of the Registrant, DanDrit Denmark, and Enochian BioPharma. All material inter-company transactions and accounts have been eliminated in the consolidation.

Functional Currency / Foreign currency translation - The functional currency of DanDrit Denmark is the Danish Kroner (“DKK”). The Company’s reporting currency is the U.S. Dollar for the purpose of these financial statements. The Company’s balance sheet accounts are translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rates and all revenue and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates prevailing during years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. Translation gains and losses are deferred and accumulated as a component of other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations from transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the statement of operations as incurred. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents - The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company had balances held in financial institutions in Denmark and in the United States in excess of federally insured States amounts at June 30, 2018 and 2017 of $15,350,865 and $3,691,712 respectively.

Property and Equipment - Property and equipment are stated at cost. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized, upon being placed in service. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation is computed for financial statement purposes on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets which range from four to ten years (See Note 3).

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Intangible Assets - Definite life intangible assets include patents and licenses. The Company accounts for definite life intangible assets in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 350, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. Intangible assets are recorded at cost. Patent costs consist of costs incurred to acquire the underlying patent. If it is determined that a patent will not be issued, the related remaining capitalized patent costs are charged to expense. License agreements cost represent the Fair Value of the license agreement on the date acquired. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life. The estimated useful life of patents is twenty years from the date of application.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets - Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment and patents are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Circumstances which could trigger a review include, but are not limited to: significant decreases in the market price of the asset; significant adverse changes in the business climate or legal factors; current period cash flow or operating losses combined with a history of losses or a forecast of continuing losses associated with the use of the asset; and current expectation that the asset will more likely than not be sold or disposed of significantly before the end of its estimated useful life.

Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and would no longer be depreciated. The depreciable basis of assets that are impaired and continue in use is their respective fair values.

Revenue Recognition and Sales - The Company accounts for revenue recognition in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements” (SAB 101), and FASB ASC 605 Revenue Recognition. The Company recognizes revenue when rights and risk of ownership have passed to the customer, when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, product has been shipped or delivered to the customer, the price and terms are finalized, and collections of resulting receivables is reasonably assured. Products are primarily shipped FOB shipping point at which time title passes to the customer.

The sale of the Company’s product, ENO-4001 (previously known as MCV), is limited to compassionate use within approved countries.

Performance Obligations

We recognize revenue upon completion of our performance obligation. Our performance obligation is the delivery of product. Product revenue performance obligations are completed upon delivery and at that point in time, the control of the product is transferred to the customer and we are entitled to bill the customer for the product delivered.

Products are primarily shipped FOB shipping point at which time title passes to the customer.

Value Added Tax - In Denmark, Value Added Tax (“VAT”) of 25% of the invoice amount is collected in respect of the sales of goods on behalf of tax authorities. The VAT collected is not revenue of the Company; instead, the amount is recorded as a liability on the balance sheet until such VAT is paid to the authorities. VAT of 25% is also paid to Danish and EU vendors on invoices. These amounts are refundable from the respective governmental authority and recorded as other receivables in the accompanying financial statements.

Research and Development Expenses - The Company expenses research and development costs incurred in formulating, improving, validating and creating alternative or modified processes related to and expanding the use of the HIV and Cancer therapies and technologies for use in the prevention, treatment, amelioration of and/or therapy for HIV and Cancer. Research and development expenses for the year ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 amounted to $616,961 and $62,763, respectively.

Income Taxes - The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740 Accounting for Income Taxes, which requires an asset and liability approach for accounting for income taxes.

ENOCHIAN BIOSCIENCES INC. (FORMERLY DANDRIT BIOTECH USA INC.) AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Loss Per Share - The Company calculates earnings/(loss) per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260 Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per common share (EPS) are based on the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per common share are based on shares outstanding (computed as under basic EPS) and potentially dilutive common shares. Potential shares of Common Stock included in the diluted earnings per share calculation include in-the-money stock options that have been granted but have not been exercised. The shares of Common Stock outstanding at June 30, 2018 and 2017 were 36,163,924 and 12,433,290, respectively. Because of the net loss for the twelve months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017, the dilutive shares for both periods were excluded from the Diluted EPS calculation as the effect of these potential shares of Common Stock is anti-dilutive. As of June 30, 2018 and 2017 there were 6,488,122 and 0, respectively, potential dilutive shares that needed to be considered as common share equivalents.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - The Company accounts for fair value measurements for financial assets and financial liabilities in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820. The authoritative guidance, which, among other things, defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Fair value is defined as the exit price, representing the amount that would either be received to sell an asset or be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

Unless otherwise disclosed, the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments including cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, investments, accounts payable, accrued expenses, capital lease obligations and notes payable approximates their recorded values due to their short-term maturities.

The following table sets forth the liabilities at June 30, 2018 and 2017, which is recorded on the balance sheet at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy. As required, these are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement: