RICHARDSON ELECTRONICS, LTD. - Annual Report: 2019 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549 

FORM 10-K

For the fiscal year ended June 1, 2019 

OR

For the transition period from__________ to

Commission File Number: 0-12906

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

40W267 Keslinger Road, P.O. Box 393, LaFox, Illinois 60147-0393

(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (630) 208-2200

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. ☐  Yes    ☒  No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act ☐  Yes    ☒  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  ☒  Yes    ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit  such files).  ☒  Yes    ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  ☐  Yes    ☒  No

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of December 1, 2018 was approximately $77.7 million.

As of July 22, 2019, there were outstanding 10,956,852 shares of Common Stock, $0.05 par value and 2,096,919 shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.05 par value, which are convertible into Common Stock of the registrant on a one-for-one basis.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders scheduled to be held October 8, 2019, which will be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A, are incorporated by reference in Part III of this report. Except as specifically incorporated herein by reference, the abovementioned Proxy Statement is not deemed filed as part of this report.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2

Forward Looking Statements

Certain statements in this report may constitute “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The terms “may”, “should”, “could”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “continues”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “objective”, “plan”, “potential”, “project” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. These statements are based on management’s current expectations, intentions or beliefs and are subject to a number of factors, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences or that might otherwise impact the business include the risk factors set forth in Item 1A of this Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to update any such factor or to publicly announce the results of any revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

In addition, while we do, from time to time, communicate with securities analysts, it is against our policy to disclose to them any material non-public information or other confidential commercial information. Accordingly, stockholders should not assume that we agree with any statement or report issued by any analyst irrespective of the content of the statement or report. Thus, to the extent that reports issued by securities analysts contain any projections, forecasts or opinions, such reports are not our responsibility.

PART I

ITEM 1. Business

General

Richardson Electronics, Ltd. is a leading global provider of engineered solutions, power grid and microwave tubes and related consumables; power conversion and RF and microwave components; high value flat panel detector solutions, replacement parts, tubes and service training for diagnostic imaging equipment; and customized display solutions. We serve customers in the alternative energy, healthcare, aviation, broadcast, communications, industrial, marine, medical, military, scientific and semiconductor markets. The Company’s strategy is to provide specialized technical expertise and “engineered solutions” based on our core engineering and manufacturing capabilities. The Company provides solutions and adds value through design-in support, systems integration, prototype design and manufacturing, testing, logistics, and aftermarket technical service and repair through its global infrastructure.

Our products include electron tubes and related components, microwave generators, subsystems used in semiconductor manufacturing and visual technology solutions. These products are used to control, switch or amplify electrical power signals, or are used as display devices in a variety of industrial, commercial, medical and communication applications.

Our fiscal year 2019 began on June 3, 2018 and ended on June 1, 2019, our fiscal year 2018 began on May 28, 2017 and ended on June 2, 2018 and our fiscal year 2017 began on May 29, 2016 and ended on May 27, 2017. Unless otherwise noted, all references to a particular year in this document shall mean our fiscal year.

Geography

We currently have operations in the following major geographic regions: North America, Asia/Pacific, Europe and Latin America.

Selected financial data attributable to each segment and geographic region for fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 is set forth in Note 11 “Segment and Geographic Information” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We have three operating and reportable segments, which we define as follows:

Power and Microwave Technologies Group

Power and Microwave Technologies Group (“PMT”) combines our core engineered solutions capabilities, power grid and microwave tube business with new RF, Wireless and disruptive power technologies. As a manufacturer, technology partner and authorized distributor, PMT’s strategy is to provide specialized technical expertise and engineered solutions based on our core engineering and manufacturing capabilities on a global basis. We provide solutions and add value through design-in support, systems integration, prototype design and manufacturing, testing, logistics and aftermarket technical service and repair—all through our existing global infrastructure. PMT’s focus is on products for power, RF and microwave applications for customers in 5G, alternative energy, aviation, broadcast, communications, industrial, marine, medical, military, scientific and semiconductor markets. PMT focuses on various applications including broadcast transmission, CO2 laser cutting, diagnostic imaging, dielectric and induction heating, high energy transfer, high voltage switching, plasma, power conversion, radar and radiation oncology. PMT also offers its customers technical services for both microwave and industrial equipment.

3

PMT represents leading manufacturers of electron tubes and solid-state components used in semiconductor manufacturing equipment, RF and wireless and industrial power applications. Among the suppliers they support are Amperex, CDE, CPI, Draloric, Eimac, General Electric, Hitachi, Jennings, L3, MACOM, National, NJRC, Ohmite, Qorvo, Thales, Toshiba and Vishay.

PMT’s inventory levels reflect our commitment to maintain an inventory of a broad range of products for customers who are buying products for replacement of components used in critical equipment and designing in new technologies. PMT also sells a number of products representing trailing edge technology. While the market for these trailing edge technology products is declining, PMT is increasing its market share. PMT often buys products it knows it can sell ahead of any supplier price increases and extended lead-times. As manufacturers for these products exit the business, PMT has the option to purchase a substantial portion of their remaining inventory.

PMT has distribution agreements with many of its suppliers; most of these agreements provide exclusive distribution rights which often include global coverage. The agreements are typically long term, and usually contain provisions permitting termination by either party if there are significant breaches which are not cured within a reasonable period of time. Although some of these agreements allow PMT to return inventory periodically, others do not, in which case PMT may have obsolete inventory that they cannot return to the supplier.

PMT’s suppliers provide warranty coverage for the products and allow return of defective products, including those returned to PMT by its customers. For information regarding the warranty reserves, see Note 3 “Significant Accounting Policies” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In addition to third party products, we sell proprietary products principally under certain trade names we own including: Amperex®, Cetron® and National®. Our proprietary products include thyratrons and rectifiers, power tubes, ignitrons, magnetrons, phototubes, microwave generators and liquid crystal display monitors. The materials used in the manufacturing process consist of glass bulbs and tubing, nickel, stainless steel and other metals, plastic and metal bases, ceramics and a wide variety of fabricated metal components. These materials are generally readily available, but some components may require long lead times for production, and some materials are subject to shortages or price fluctuations based on supply and demand.

Canvys – Visual Technology Solutions

Canvys provides customized display solutions serving the corporate enterprise, financial, healthcare, industrial and medical original equipment manufacturers markets. Our engineers design, manufacture, source and support a full spectrum of solutions to match the needs of our customers. We offer long term availability and proven custom display solutions that include touch screens, protective panels, custom enclosures, all-in-ones, specialized cabinet finishes and application specific software packages and certification services. Our volume commitments are lower than the large display manufacturers, making us the ideal choice for companies with very specific design requirements. We partner with both private label manufacturing companies and leading branded hardware vendors to offer the highest quality display and touch solutions and customized computing platforms.

We have long-standing relationships with key component and finished goods manufacturers and several key ISO 9001 and ISO 13485 certified Asian display manufacturers that manufacture products to our specifications. We believe supplier relationships, combined with our engineering design and manufacturing capabilities and private label partnerships, allow us to maintain a well-balanced and technologically advanced offering of customer specific display solutions.

Healthcare

Healthcare manufactures, refurbishes and distributes high value replacement parts for the healthcare market including hospitals, medical centers, asset management companies, independent service organizations and multi-vendor service providers. Products include Diagnostic Imaging replacement parts for CT and MRI systems; replacement CT and MRI tubes; CT service training; MRI coils, cold heads and RF amplifiers; hydrogen thyratrons, klystrons, magnetrons; flat panel detector upgrades; and additional replacement solutions currently under development for the diagnostic imaging service market. Through a combination of newly developed products and partnerships, service offerings and training programs, we believe we can help our customers improve efficiency and deliver better clinical outcomes while lowering the cost of healthcare delivery.

Sales and Product Management

We have employees, as well as authorized representatives, who are not our employees, selling our products primarily in regions where we do not have a direct sales presence.

We offer various credit terms to qualifying customers as well as cash in advance and credit card terms. We establish credit limits for each customer and routinely review delinquent and aging accounts.

4

Distribution

We maintain approximately 110,700 part numbers in our product inventory database and we estimate that more than 90% of orders received by 6:00 p.m. local time are shipped complete the same day for stock product. Customers can access our products on our web sites, www.rell.com, www.rellhealthcare.com, www.canvys.com, www.rellpower.com, www.relltubes.com and www.rellaser.com, through electronic data interchange, or by telephone. Customer orders are processed by our regional sales offices and supported primarily by one of our distribution facilities in LaFox, Illinois; Fort Mill, South Carolina; Amsterdam, Netherlands; Marlborough, Massachusetts; Donaueschingen, Germany; or Singapore, Singapore. We also have satellite warehouses in Sao Paulo, Brazil; Shanghai, China; Bangkok, Thailand; and Hook, United Kingdom. Our data processing network provides on-line, real-time interconnection of all sales offices and central distribution operations, 24 hours per day, seven days per week. Information on stock availability, pricing in local currency, cross-reference information, customers and market analyses are obtainable throughout the entire distribution network.

International Sales

During fiscal 2019, we made approximately 61% of our sales outside the U.S. We continue to pursue new international sales to further expand our geographic reach.

Major Customers

During fiscal 2019, no one customer accounted for more than 10 percent of the Company’s consolidated net sales. During fiscal 2018, LAM Research Corporation individually accounted for 11 percent of the Company’s consolidated net sales. No other customer accounted for more than 10 percent of the Company’s consolidated net sales in fiscal 2018. No one customer accounted for more than 10 percent of the Company’s consolidated net sales in fiscal 2017. The Company believes that the loss of this customer would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. See Note 11 “Segment and Geographic Information” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.

Employees

As of June 1, 2019, we employed 380 individuals. All of our employees are non-union and we consider our relationships with our employees to be good.

Website Access to SEC Reports

We maintain an Internet website at www.rell.com. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 are accessible through our website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after these reports are filed electronically with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Interactive Data Files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, of these filing dates, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (“XBRL”) are accessible as well. To access these reports, go to our website at www.rell.com. The foregoing information regarding our website is provided for convenience and the content of our website is not deemed to be incorporated by reference in this report filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

5

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

Investors should consider carefully the following risk factors in addition to the other information included and incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that we believe are applicable to our businesses and the industries in which we operate. While we believe we have identified the key risk factors affecting our businesses, there may be additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known or that are not currently believed to be significant that may adversely affect our results of operations.

A significant portion of our cash, cash equivalents and investments are held by our foreign subsidiaries and could affect future liquidity needs.

As of June 1, 2019, $29.3 million, or approximately 59% of our cash, cash equivalents and investments was held by our foreign subsidiaries. Some of these subsidiaries are located in jurisdictions that require foreign government approval before a cash repatriation can occur. In addition, under current tax law, repatriation of this cash may trigger significant adverse tax consequences in the U.S.

Our liquidity requirements could necessitate transfers of existing cash balances between our subsidiaries or to the United States. While we intend to use some of the cash held outside the United States to fund our international operations and growth, when we encounter a significant need for liquidity domestically or at a particular location that we cannot fulfill through other internal or external sources, we may experience unfavorable tax, earnings and liquidity consequences due to cash transfers. These adverse consequences would occur, for example, if the transfer of cash into the United States is taxed and no offsetting foreign tax credit or net operating loss carryforward is available to offset the U.S. tax liability, resulting in lower earnings and liquidity.

We may not achieve our plan for sales growth and margin targets.

We have established both margin and expense targets to grow our sales with new and existing customers. If we do not achieve our growth objectives, the complexity of our global infrastructure makes it difficult to leverage our fixed cost structure to align with the size of our operations. Factors that could have a significant effect on our ability to achieve these goals include the following:

We have historically incurred significant charges for inventory obsolescence, and may incur similar charges in the future.

We maintain significant inventories in an effort to ensure that customers have a reliable source of supply. Our products generally support industrial machinery powered by tube technology. As technology evolves and companies replace this capital equipment, the market for our products potentially declines. In addition, the market for many of our other products changes rapidly resulting from the development of new technologies, evolving industry standards, frequent new product introductions by some of our suppliers and changing end-user demand, which can contribute to the decline in value or obsolescence of our inventory. We do not have many long-term supply contracts with our customers. If we fail to anticipate the changing needs of our customers or we do not accurately forecast customer demand, our customers may not place orders with us, and we may accumulate significant inventories of products that we may be unable to sell or return to our vendors. This may result in a decline in the value of our inventory.

We face competitive pressures that could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our overall competitive position depends on a number of factors including price, engineering capability, vendor representation, product diversity, lead times and the level of customer service. There are very few vacuum tube competitors in the markets we serve. There are also a limited number of Chinese manufacturers whose ability to produce vacuum tubes has progressed over the past several years. The most significant competitive risk comes from technical obsolescence. Canvys faces many competitors in the markets we serve. Increased competition may result in price reductions, reduced margins, or a loss of market share, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition. As we expand our business and pursue our growth initiatives, we may encounter increased competition from current and/or new competitors. Our failure to maintain and enhance our competitive position could have a material adverse effect on our business.      

6

A single stockholder has voting control over us.

As of July 22, 2019, Edward J. Richardson, our Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, beneficially owned approximately 99% of the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock, representing approximately 65% of the voting power of the outstanding common stock. This share ownership permits Mr. Richardson to exert control over the outcome of stockholder votes, including votes concerning the election of directors, by-law amendments, possible mergers, corporate control contests, and other significant corporate transactions. 

Failure to attract and retain key skilled personnel could hurt operations.

Our success depends to a large extent upon the continued services of key management personnel, particularly Mr. Richardson. While we have employment contracts in place with several of our executive officers, we nevertheless cannot be assured that we will retain our key employees and the loss of service of any of these officers or key management personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business growth and operating results.

Our future success will require an ability to attract and retain qualified employees. Competition for such key personnel is intense and we cannot be assured that we will be successful in attracting and retaining such personnel. We cannot make assurances that key personnel will not depart in the future. Changes in the cost of providing employee benefits in order to attract and retain personnel, including changes in health care costs, could lead to increased costs in any of our operations.

We are dependent on a limited number of vendors to supply us with essential products.

Our principal products are capacitors, vacuum tubes and related products, microwave generators and high voltage power supplies. The products we supply are currently produced by a relatively small number of manufacturers. One of our suppliers represented 11 percent of our total cost of sales. Our success depends, in large part, on maintaining current vendor relationships and developing new relationships. To the extent that our significant suppliers are unwilling or unable to continue to do business with us, extend lead times, limit supplies due to capacity constraints, or other factors, there could be a material adverse effect on our business.

International operations represent a significant percentage of our business and present a variety of risks that could impact our results. 

Because we source and sell our products worldwide, our business is subject to risks associated with doing business internationally. These risks include the costs and difficulties of managing foreign entities, limitations on the repatriation and investment of funds, cultural differences that affect customer preferences and business practices, unstable political or economic conditions, trade protection measures and import or export licensing requirements, and changes in tax laws.

We also face exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates because we conduct business outside of the United States. Price increases caused by currency exchange rate fluctuations may make our products less competitive or may have an adverse effect on our margins. Our international revenues and expenses generally are derived from sales and operations in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, when the U.S. dollar strengthens in relation to the base currencies of the countries in which we sell our products, our U.S. dollar reported net revenue and income would decrease. We currently do not engage in any currency hedging transactions. We cannot predict whether foreign currency exchange risks inherent in doing business in foreign countries will have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results in the future. 

We may need to raise additional funds through debt or equity financings in the future to fund our domestic operations and our broader corporate initiatives, which would dilute the ownership of our existing shareholders.

If the cash generated by our domestic operations is not sufficient to fund our domestic operations and our broader corporate initiatives, such as stock repurchases, dividends, acquisitions, and other strategic opportunities, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private debt or equity financings, or we may need to obtain new credit facilities to the extent we are unable to, or choose not to, repatriate our overseas cash. Such additional financing may not be available on terms favorable to us, or at all, and any new equity financings or offerings would dilute our current stockholders’ ownership interests in us. Furthermore, lenders may not agree to extend us new, additional or continuing credit. In any such case, our business, operating results or financial condition could be adversely impacted.

7

A withdrawal by the United Kingdom from the European Union could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, liquidity and results of operations

In a non-binding referendum on the United Kingdom’s membership in the European Union (“EU”) in June 2016, a majority of those who voted approved the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU (also referred to as “Brexit”). In March 2017, the U.K. government officially gave notice to leave, starting a two-year negotiation process. The U.K. and EU have since been negotiating the terms of the U.K.’s exit from the EU. The Brexit vote and the perceptions as to the impact of the withdrawal of the United Kingdom may adversely affect business activity, political stability and economic conditions in the United Kingdom, the EU and elsewhere. Further, if no agreement is reached and the U.K. leaves the EU, significant trade barriers would exist between the EU and the U.K.  Any of these developments, or the perception that any of these developments are likely to occur, could have a material adverse effect on economic growth or business activity in the United Kingdom, the Eurozone, or the EU, and could result in the relocation of businesses, cause business interruptions, lead to economic recession or depression, and impact the stability of the financial markets, availability of credit, political systems or financial institutions and the financial and monetary system. Given that we conduct a substantial portion of our business in the EU, these developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, liquidity and results of operations. The uncertainty concerning the timing and terms of the exit could also have a negative impact on the growth of the European economy and cause greater volatility in all of the global currencies that we currently use to transact business.

We rely heavily on information technology systems that, if not properly functioning, could materially adversely affect our business.

We rely on our information technology systems to process, analyze, and manage data to facilitate the purchase, manufacture, and distribution of our products, as well as to receive, process, bill, and ship orders on a timely basis. A significant disruption or failure in the design, operation, security or support of our information technology systems could significantly disrupt our business.

Our information technology systems may be subject to cyber attacks, security breaches or computer hacking. Experienced computer programmers and hackers may be able to penetrate our security controls and misappropriate or compromise sensitive personal, proprietary or confidential information, create system disruptions or cause shutdowns. They also may be able to develop and deploy viruses, worms and other malicious software programs that attack our systems or otherwise exploit any security vulnerabilities. Additionally, third parties may attempt to fraudulently induce employees or customers into disclosing sensitive information such as user names, passwords or other information in order to gain access to our customers’ data or our data, including our intellectual property and other confidential business information, employee information or our information technology systems. Our systems and the data stored on those systems may also be vulnerable to security incidents or security attacks, acts of vandalism or theft, coordinated attacks by activist entities, misplaced or lost data, human errors, or other similar events that could negatively affect our systems and its data, as well as the data of our business partners. Further, third parties, such as hosted solution providers, that provide services to us, could also be a source of security risk in the event of a failure of their own security systems and infrastructure.

The costs to mitigate or address security threats and vulnerabilities before or after a cyber incident could be significant. Our remediation efforts may not be successful and could result in interruptions, delays or cessation of service, and loss of existing or potential suppliers or customers. In addition, breaches of our security measures and the unauthorized dissemination of sensitive personal, proprietary or confidential information about us, our business partners or other third parties could expose us to significant potential liability and reputational harm. As threats related to cyber attacks develop and grow, we may also find it necessary to make further investments to protect our data and infrastructure, which may impact our profitability. As a global enterprise, we could also be negatively impacted by existing and proposed laws and regulations, as well as government policies and practices related to cybersecurity, privacy, data localization and data protection.

Our products may be found to be defective or our services performed may result in equipment or product damage and, as a result, warranty and/or product liability claims may be asserted against us.

We sell many of our components at prices that are significantly lower than the cost of the equipment or other goods in which they are incorporated. Since a defect or failure in a product could give rise to failures in the equipment that incorporates them, we may face claims for damages that are disproportionate to the revenues and profits we receive from the components involved in the claims. While we typically have provisions in our agreements with our suppliers that hold the supplier accountable for defective products, and we and our suppliers generally exclude consequential damages in our standard terms and conditions, our ability to avoid such liabilities may be limited as a result of various factors, including the inability to exclude such damages due to the laws of some of the countries where we do business. Our business could be adversely affected as a result of a significant quality or performance issues in the components sold by us if we are required to pay for the damages. Although we have product liability insurance, such insurance is limited in coverage and amount.

8

Substantial defaults by our customers on our accounts receivable or the loss of significant customers could have a significant negative impact on our business.

We extend credit to our customers. The failure of a significant customer or a significant group of customers to timely pay all amounts due could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. The extension of credit involves considerable judgment and is based on management’s evaluation of factors that include such things as a customer’s financial condition, payment history, and the availability of collateral to secure customers’ receivables.

Failure to successfully implement our growth initiatives, or failure to realize the benefits expected from these initiatives if implemented, may create ongoing operating losses or otherwise adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

Our growth strategy focuses on expanding our healthcare and our power conversion businesses. In 2015, we acquired certain assets, including inventory, receivables, fixed assets and certain other assets, of International Medical Equipment and Services, Inc. (“IMES”) and launched Power and Microwave Technologies Group (“PMT”), which combines our core engineered solutions, power grid and microwave tube business with new RF and power technologies. We may be unable to implement our growth initiatives or reach profitability in the near future or at all, due to many factors, including factors outside of our control. If our investments in these growth initiatives do not yield anticipated returns for any reason, our business, operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected.

We may not be successful in identifying, consummating and integrating future acquisitions.

As part of our growth strategy, our intent is to acquire additional businesses or assets. We may not be able to identify attractive acquisition candidates or complete the acquisition of identified candidates at favorable prices and upon advantageous terms. Also, acquisitions are accompanied by risks, such as potential exposure to unknown liabilities and the possible loss of key employees and customers of the acquired business. In addition, we may not obtain the expected benefits or cost savings from acquisitions. Acquisitions are subject to risks associated with financing the acquisition, and integrating the operations, personnel and systems of the acquired businesses. If any of these risks materialize, they may result in disruptions to our business and the diversion of management time and attention, which could increase the costs of operating our existing or acquired businesses or negate the expected benefits of the acquisitions.

Economic weakness and uncertainty could adversely affect our revenues and gross margins.

Our revenues and gross profit margins depend significantly on global economic conditions, the demand for our products and services and the financial condition of our customers. Economic weakness and uncertainty have in the past, and may in the future, result in decreased revenues and gross profit margins. Economic uncertainty also makes it more difficult for us to forecast overall supply and demand with a great deal of confidence.

Our operating results during fiscal 2019 reflect a net loss, while we are reporting net income for fiscal 2018 and net loss for fiscal 2017. There can be no assurance that we will experience recovery in the near future; nor is there any assurance that such worldwide economic volatility experienced recently will not continue.

Major disruptions to our logistics capability or to the operations of our key vendors or customers could have a material adverse impact on our operations.

We operate our global logistics services through specialized and centralized distribution centers. We depend on third party transportation service providers for the delivery of products to our customers. A major interruption or disruption in service at any of our distribution centers, or a disruption at the operations of any of our significant vendors or customers, for any reason, including reasons beyond our control (such as natural disasters, pandemics, work stoppages, power loss, cyber attacks, incidents of terrorism or other significant disruptions of services from our third party providers) could cause cancellations or delays in a significant number of shipments to customers and, as a result, could have a severe impact on our business, operations and financial performance.

We may be subject to intellectual property rights claims, which are costly to defend, could require payment of damages or licensing fees, and/or could limit our ability to use certain technologies in the future.

Substantial litigation and threats of litigation regarding intellectual property rights exist in the display systems and electronics industries. From time to time, third parties, including certain companies in the business of acquiring patents with the intention of aggressively seeking licensing revenue from purported infringers, may assert patent and/or other intellectual property rights to technologies that are important to our business. In any dispute involving products that we have sold, our customers could also become the target of litigation. We are obligated in many instances to indemnify and defend our customers if the products we sell are alleged to infringe any third party’s intellectual property rights. In some cases, depending on the nature of the claim, we may be able to seek indemnification from our suppliers for our self and our customers against such claims, but there is no assurance that we will be successful in obtaining such indemnification or that we are fully protected against such claims. Any infringement claim brought against us, regardless of the duration, outcome or size of damage award, could result in substantial cost, divert our management’s attention, be time consuming to defend, result in significant damage awards, cause product shipment delays, or require us to enter into royalty or other licensing agreements. See Note 12 “Litigation” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding specific legal matters related to our patents.

9

Additionally, if an infringement claim is successful we may be required to pay damages or seek royalty or license arrangements which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms. The payment of any such damages or royalties may significantly increase our operating expenses and harm our operating results and financial condition. Also, royalty or license arrangements may not be available at all. We may have to stop selling certain products or certain technologies, which could affect our ability to compete effectively.

Potential lawsuits, with or without merit, may divert management’s attention, and we may incur significant expenses in our defense. In addition, we may be required to pay damage awards or settlements, become subject to injunctions or other equitable remedies, or determine to abandon certain lines of business, that may cause a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows.                                                    

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls or discover material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting, we may not be able to detect fraud or report our financial results accurately or timely.

An effective internal control environment is necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports and is an important part of our effort to prevent financial fraud. We are required to periodically evaluate the effectiveness of the design and operation of our internal controls over financial reporting. Based on these evaluations, we may conclude that enhancements, modifications, or changes to internal controls are necessary or desirable. While management evaluates the effectiveness of our internal controls on a regular basis, these controls may not always be effective. There are inherent limitations on the effectiveness of internal controls, including fraud, collusion, management override, and failure in human judgment. In addition, control procedures are designed to reduce rather than eliminate business risks.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, or if management or our independent registered public accounting firm discovers material weaknesses in our internal controls, we may be unable to produce reliable financial reports or prevent fraud. In addition, we may be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission or NASDAQ. Any such actions could result in an adverse reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements.

If we are deemed to be an investment company, we will be required to meet burdensome compliance requirements and restrictions on our activities.

We currently have significant cash and investments. If we are deemed to be an “investment company” as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”), the nature of our investments may be subject to various restrictions. We do not believe that our principal activities subject us to the Investment Company Act. If we are deemed to be subject to the Investment Company Act, compliance with required additional regulatory burdens would increase our operating expenses.

The company recorded a non-cash impairment charge for the full value of our goodwill and there remains the risk of possible additional future identifiable intangible asset impairment, which could reduce the value of our assets and reduce our net income in the year in which the write-off occurs.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $6.3 million for the full amount of the goodwill associated with the IMES reporting unit. The impairment resulted from fourth quarter events that decreased the forecasted future cash flows and the fair value of the IMES reporting unit below its carrying value as of the March 3, 2019 testing date. Refer to Note 7 “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our remaining intangible assets could become impaired, which could reduce the value of our assets and reduce our net income in the year in which the write-off occurs. We ascribe value to certain intangible assets, which consist of customer lists and trade names resulting from acquisitions. An impairment charge on intangible assets would be incurred in the event that the fair value of the intangible assets are less than their current carrying values. We evaluate whether events have occurred that indicate all, or a portion, of the carrying amount of intangible assets may no longer be recoverable. If this is the case, an impairment charge to earnings would be necessary.

We may incur substantial operational costs or be required to change our business practices to comply with the General Data Protection Regulation and similar regulations.

The EU adopted the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) which went into effect in May 2018. The GDPR includes operational requirements for companies that receive or process personal data of residents of the European Union, including more robust documentation requirements for data protection compliance programs. Specifically, the GDPR introduced numerous privacy-related changes for companies operating in the EU, including greater control for data subjects, increased data portability for EU consumers, and data breach notification requirements.  

Although GDPR has already gone into effect, there is still considerable uncertainty as to how to interpret and implement many of its provisions.  Complying with the GDPR may cause us to incur substantial operational costs or require us to change our business practices in ways that we cannot currently predict.  Despite our efforts to bring our practices into compliance with the GDPR, we may not be successful. Non-compliance could result in proceedings against us by governmental entities, customers, data subjects or others. Fines of up to 20 million euros or up to 4% of the annual global revenue of the noncompliant company, whichever is greater, may be imposed for violations of certain of the GDPR’s requirements.

10

In addition, several other jurisdictions around the world have recently enacted privacy laws or regulations similar to GDPR. For instance, California enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), which is effective January 1, 2020 and which gives consumers many of the same rights as those available under GDPR. Several laws similar to the CCPA have been proposed in the United States at both the federal and state level.

New tariffs and the evolving trade policy dispute between the United States and China may adversely affect our business.

The U.S. government has made statements and taken certain actions that have led to, and may lead to, further changes to U.S. and international trade policies, including recently imposed tariffs affecting certain products exported by a number of U.S. trading partners, including China. For example, during 2018, the U.S. and China each imposed new tariffs, and announced further proposed tariffs, on various products imported from China and the U.S., respectively. Between July 2018 and September 2018, the Office of the United States Trade Representative (“USTR”) imposed tariffs of 10% and 25% on three product lists totaling approximately $250 billion in Chinese imports. These lists include some of our products.

Furthermore, the current U.S. administration continues to signal that it may further alter trade agreements between China and the U.S. and may impose additional tariffs on imports from China. It is possible that further tariffs may be imposed on imports of our products, or that our business will be impacted by retaliatory trade measures taken by China or other countries in response to existing or future tariffs, causing us to raise prices or make changes to our operations, any of which could adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, customers, suppliers and/or the United States economy or certain sectors thereof and, thus, to adversely impact our businesses and results of operations.

Given the uncertainty regarding the scope and duration of the effective and proposed tariffs, as well as the potential for additional trade actions by the U.S. or other countries, the impact on our operations and results is uncertain and could be significant. We can provide no assurance that any strategies we implement to mitigate the impact of such tariffs or other trade actions will be successful. To the extent that our supply chain, costs, sales or profitability are negatively affected by the tariffs or other trade actions, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.

ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

11

ITEM 2. Properties

The Company owns one facility and leases 27 facilities. We own our corporate facility and largest distribution center, which is located on approximately 100 acres in LaFox, Illinois and consists of approximately 242,000 square feet of manufacturing, warehouse and office space. We maintain geographically diverse facilities because we believe this provides value to our customers and suppliers, and limits market risk and exchange rate exposure. We believe our properties are well maintained and adequate for our present needs. The extent of utilization varies from property to property and from time to time during the year.

Our facility locations, their primary use and segments served are as follows:

ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings

On October 15, 2018, Varex Imaging Corporation (“Varex”) filed its original Complaint (Case No. 1:18-cv-06911) against Richardson Electronics Ltd. (“Richardson”) in the Northern District of Illinois, which was subsequently amended on November 27, 2018. Varex alleged counts of infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,456,692 and 6,519,317. Subsequently, on October 24, 2018, Varex filed a motion for preliminary injunction to stop the sale of Richardson’s ALTA750 ^TM product. Richardson moved to dismiss this case and filed an opposition to the preliminary injunction. In January 2019, the Court took evidence on the preliminary injunction issue as well as heard oral arguments on the motion to dismiss. The parties are presently waiting for rulings from the Court. Richardson believes the lawsuit to be without merit and a loss is not probable or estimable based on the information at the time the financial statements were issued.

12

PART II

ITEM 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Share Repurchases

There were no share repurchases in fiscal 2019.

Dividends

Our quarterly dividend was $0.06 per common share and $0.054 per Class B common share. Annual dividend payments were approximately $3.1 million and $3.0 million for fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively. All future payments of dividends are at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Dividend payments will depend on earnings, capital requirements, operating conditions and such other factors that the Board may deem relevant.

Common Stock Information

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market (“NASDAQ”) under the trading symbol (“RELL”). There is no established public trading market for our Class B common stock. As of July 22, 2019, there were approximately 515 stockholders of record for the common stock and approximately 15 stockholders of record for the Class B common stock. The following table sets forth the high and low closing sales price per share of RELL common stock as reported on the NASDAQ for the periods indicated.

High and Low Closing Prices of Common Stock

13

Performance Graph

The following graph compares the performance of our common stock for the periods indicated with the performance of the NASDAQ Composite Index and NASDAQ Electronic Components Index. The graph assumes $100 invested on the last day of our fiscal year 2014, in our common stock, the NASDAQ Composite Index and NASDAQ Electronic Components Index. Total return indices reflect reinvestment of dividends at the closing stock prices at the date of the dividend declaration.

14

ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data

Five-Year Financial Review

This information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, accompanying notes, and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere herein.

15

ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to assist the reader in better understanding our business, results of operations, financial condition, changes in financial condition, critical accounting policies and estimates and significant developments. MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes appearing elsewhere in this filing. This section is organized as follows:

Business Overview

Richardson Electronics, Ltd. is a leading global provider of engineered solutions, power grid and microwave tubes and related consumables; power conversion and RF and microwave components; high value flat panel detector solutions, replacement parts, tubes and service training for diagnostic imaging equipment; and customized display solutions. We serve customers in the alternative energy, healthcare, aviation, broadcast, communications, industrial, marine, medical, military, scientific and semiconductor markets. The Company’s strategy is to provide specialized technical expertise and “engineered solutions” based on our core engineering and manufacturing capabilities. The Company provides solutions and adds value through design-in support, systems integration, prototype design and manufacturing, testing, logistics, and aftermarket technical service and repair through its global infrastructure.

Our products include electron tubes and related components, microwave generators, subsystems used in semiconductor manufacturing, and visual technology solutions. These products are used to control, switch or amplify electrical power signals, or are used as display devices in a variety of industrial, commercial, medical and communication applications.

Some of the Company's products are manufactured in China and are imported into the United States. The Office of the United States Trade Representative ("USTR") instituted additional 10% to 25% tariffs on the importation of a number of products into the United States from China effective July 6, 2018, with additional products added August 23, 2018 and September 24, 2018. These additional tariffs are a response to what the USTR considers to be certain unfair trade practices by China. A number of the Company's products manufactured in China are now subject to these additional duties of 25% when imported into the United States.

Management is currently working with its suppliers as well as its customers to help outline and, where possible, mitigate the impact of the new tariffs on our customers’ markets. However, if the Company is unable to successfully pass through the additional cost of these tariffs, or if the higher prices reduce demand for the Company's products, it will have a negative effect on the Company's sales and gross margins.

We have three operating and reportable segments, which we define as follows:

Power and Microwave Technologies Group (“PMT”) combines our core engineered solutions capabilities, power grid and microwave tube business with new RF, Wireless and disruptive power technologies. As a manufacturer, technology partner and authorized distributor, PMT’s strategy is to provide specialized technical expertise and engineered solutions based on our core engineering and manufacturing capabilities on a global basis. We provide solutions and add value through design-in support, systems integration, prototype design and manufacturing, testing, logistics and aftermarket technical service and repair—all through our existing global infrastructure. PMT’s focus is on products for power, RF and microwave applications for customers in 5G, alternative energy, aviation, broadcast, communications, industrial, marine, medical, military, scientific and semiconductor markets. PMT focuses on various applications including broadcast transmission, CO2 laser cutting, diagnostic imaging, dielectric and induction heating, high energy transfer, high voltage switching, plasma, power conversion, radar and radiation oncology. PMT also offers its customers technical services for both microwave and industrial equipment.

Canvys provides customized display solutions serving the corporate enterprise, financial, healthcare, industrial and medical original equipment manufacturers markets. Our engineers design, manufacture, source and support a full spectrum of solutions to match the needs of our customers. We offer long term availability and proven custom display solutions that include touch screens, protective panels, custom enclosures, all-in-ones, specialized cabinet finishes and application specific software packages and certification services. Our volume commitments are lower than the large display manufacturers, making us the ideal choice for companies with very specific design requirements. We partner with both private label manufacturing companies and leading branded hardware vendors to offer the highest quality display and touch solutions and customized computing platforms.

16

Healthcare manufactures, refurbishes and distributes high value replacement parts for the healthcare market including hospitals, medical centers, asset management companies, independent service organizations and multi-vendor service providers. Products include Diagnostic Imaging replacement parts for CT and MRI systems; replacement CT and MRI tubes; CT service training; MRI coils, cold heads and RF amplifiers; hydrogen thyratrons, klystrons, magnetrons; flat panel detector upgrades; and additional replacement solutions currently under development for the diagnostic imaging service market. Through a combination of newly developed products and partnerships, service offerings and training programs, we believe we can help our customers improve efficiency and deliver better clinical outcomes while lowering the cost of healthcare delivery.

We currently have operations in the following major geographic regions: North America, Asia/Pacific, Europe and Latin America.

Results of Operations

Overview - Fiscal Year Ended June 1, 2019

Net Sales and Gross Profit Analysis

Net sales by segment and percent change for fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 were as follows (in thousands):

During fiscal 2019, consolidated net sales increased by 2.1% compared to fiscal 2018. Sales for PMT increased by 0.5%, Canvys sales increased by 4.8% and Healthcare sales increased by 18.8%. During fiscal 2018, consolidated net sales increased by 19.2% compared to fiscal 2017. Sales for PMT increased by 23.1%, Canvys sales increased by 29.9% and Healthcare sales decreased by 32.0% due to the sale of the Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (“PACS”) business in May 2017.

17

Gross profit by segment and percent of segment net sales for fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 were as follows (in thousands):

Gross profit reflects the distribution and manufacturing product margin less manufacturing variances, inventory obsolescence charges, customer returns, scrap and cycle count adjustments, engineering costs and other provisions.

Consolidated gross profit was $51.7 million during fiscal 2019, compared to $55.1 million during fiscal 2018. Consolidated gross margin as a percentage of net sales decreased to 31.0% during fiscal 2019, from 33.7% during fiscal 2018. Gross margin during fiscal 2019 included expense related to inventory provisions for PMT of $0.7 million, $0.1 million for Canvys and $0.3 million for Healthcare. Gross margin during fiscal 2019 also included $1.6 million in under absorption of manufacturing costs related to the slowdown in the semi-wafer fab equipment market. Gross margin during fiscal 2018 included expense related to inventory provisions for PMT of $0.6 million, $0.1 million for Canvys and $0.1 million for Healthcare. Additionally, gross margin during fiscal 2018 included over absorption of manufacturing costs.

Consolidated gross profit was $55.1 million during fiscal 2018, compared to $43.9 million during fiscal 2017. Consolidated gross margin as a percentage of net sales increased to 33.7% during fiscal 2018, from 32.1% during fiscal 2017. Gross margin during fiscal 2018 included expense related to inventory provisions for PMT of $0.6 million, $0.1 million for Canvys and $0.1 million for Healthcare. Gross margin during fiscal 2017 included expense related to inventory provisions for PMT of $0.4 million, $0.1 million for Canvys and less than $0.1 million for Healthcare.

Power and Microwave Technologies Group

Net sales for PMT increased 0.5% to $128.9 million during fiscal 2019, from $128.3 million during fiscal 2018. This increase was led by growth in market share in some electron device products as well as major growth in the 5G and other RF and Microwave markets from new technology suppliers somewhat offset by lower sales from the decline in the semi-wafer fab equipment market. Gross margin as a percentage of net sales decreased to 31.2% during fiscal 2019 as compared to 33.7% during fiscal 2018, primarily due to product mix and manufacturing under absorption.

Net sales for PMT increased 23.1% to $128.3 million during fiscal 2018, from $104.2 million during fiscal 2017. This growth was led by products sold into the semiconductor wafer fab equipment market and from new technology suppliers in key RF, Microwave and Power markets such as 5G infrastructure and power management applications. Power grid tube sales also increased. Gross margin as a percentage of net sales increased to 33.7% during fiscal 2018 as compared to 32.0% during fiscal 2017, primarily due to product mix and improved manufacturing absorption.

Canvys – Visual Technology Solutions

Net sales for Canvys increased 4.8% to $28.0 million during fiscal 2019, from $26.7 million during fiscal 2018. Sales were up in North America due to the addition of new customers and programs as well as strong demand from existing customers throughout the year. Net sales were down in Europe primarily due to foreign currency effects. Gross margin as a percentage of net sales increased to 32.5% during fiscal 2019 as compared to 31.5% during fiscal 2018, primarily due to product mix and foreign currency effects.

Net sales for Canvys increased 29.9% to $26.7 million during fiscal 2018, from $20.5 million during fiscal 2017. Sales were up in both Europe and North America due to the addition of new customers and programs and strong demand from existing customers throughout the year. Gross margin as a percentage of net sales increased to 31.5% during fiscal 2018 as compared to 28.0% during fiscal 2017, primarily due to product mix and foreign currency effects.

Healthcare

Net sales for Healthcare increased 18.8% to $9.8 million during fiscal 2019, from $8.2 million during fiscal 2018. The increase in sales was primarily due to the launch of the new ALTA750 ^TM CT Tube in FY19 in addition to significant growth in equipment sales. Gross margin as a percentage of net sales decreased to 24.5% during fiscal 2019, compared to 41.5% during fiscal 2018. This decrease was primarily due an unfavorable product mix in addition to manufacturing absorption and high scrap expenses associated with the launch of the ALTA750 ^TM.

18

As a result of the Company’s annual impairment review as of March 3, 2019, management determined it is more likely than not that the fair value of the IMES reporting unit was less than its carrying amount.  As such, a quantitative impairment test was performed. The conclusion of the quantitative impairment test was that the IMES reporting unit was impaired due to its carrying value exceeding its fair value. The excess carrying value over fair value exceeded our recorded goodwill balance for the IMES reporting unit. As a result, the full value of $6.3 million of goodwill was impaired and written off as a non-cash charge.

Net sales for Healthcare decreased 32.0% to $8.2 million during fiscal 2018, from $12.1 million during fiscal 2017. The reduction in sales was primarily due to the sale of the PACS display business at the end of fiscal 2017. The PACS display business had $4.1 million of sales in fiscal 2017. This decline was slightly offset by an increase in sales in our core Healthcare business. Gross margin as a percentage of net sales increased to 41.5% during fiscal 2018, compared to 39.2% during fiscal 2017. This increase was due to the sale of our PACS display business, which generated lower margins than our core Healthcare business.

Sales by Geographic Area

On a geographic basis, our sales are categorized by destination: North America; Asia/Pacific; Europe; Latin America; and Other.

Net sales by geographic area and percent change for fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 were as follows (in thousands):

Gross profit by geographic area and percent of geographic net sales for fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 were as follows (in thousands):

We sell our products to customers in diversified industries and perform periodic credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition. Terms are generally on open account, payable net 30 days in North America, and vary throughout Asia/Pacific, Europe and Latin America. Estimates of credit losses are recorded in the financial statements based on monthly reviews of outstanding accounts.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) increased during fiscal 2019 to $52.2 million from $51.7 million during fiscal 2018. SG&A as a percentage of sales decreased to 31.3% during fiscal 2019 as compared to 31.7% during fiscal 2018. The increase in expense was due to higher legal and severance expense related to two lawsuits litigated during fiscal 2019 and headcount reductions throughout fiscal 2019. Bad debt expense was also higher in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 due to a large recovery that was collected in fiscal 2018. These increases were mostly offset by lower incentive expenses.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) increased during fiscal 2018 to $51.7 million from $49.9 million during fiscal 2017. SG&A as a percentage of sales decreased to 31.7% during fiscal 2018 as compared to 36.4% during fiscal 2017. The increase in expense was due to higher compensation and other expenses mostly related to the increase in net sales as well as higher research and development costs and other incremental expenses to support our growth strategies in Richardson Healthcare. During the second quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company had a $1.3 million charge for severance expense related to a reduction in workforce.

19

Impairment of Goodwill

In connection with a year-end impairment review of goodwill, the Company recorded a $6.3 million non-cash goodwill impairment charge in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 to write off all the goodwill associated with the IMES acquisition. Refer to Note 7 “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Other Income/Expense

Other income/expense was income of $0.5 million during fiscal 2019, compared to income of $0.2 million during fiscal 2018. Fiscal 2019 included $0.5 million of investment income, partially offset by less than $0.1 million of foreign exchange losses. Fiscal 2018 included $0.4 million of investment income, partially offset by $0.2 million of foreign exchange losses. Our foreign exchange gains and losses are primarily due to the translation of U.S. dollars held in non-U.S. entities. We currently do not utilize derivative instruments to manage our exposure to foreign currency.

Income Tax Provision

Our income tax provision from continuing operations during fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 was $1.0 million, $1.5 million and $0.8 million, respectively. The effective income tax rates from continuing operations during fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 were (16.1)%, 39.7% and (13.3)%, respectively. The difference between the effective tax rates as compared to the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0% during fiscal 2019, 29.2% during fiscal 2018 and 34% during fiscal 2017 was primarily driven by the impact of recording a valuation allowance against all of our U.S. state and federal net deferred tax assets, repatriation of foreign earnings, changes in our geographical distribution of income (loss) and our recording of uncertain tax positions with respect to ASC 740-30, Income Taxes - Other Considerations or Special Areas (“ASC 740-30”).

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted new tax legislation, Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”). The primary provision of the Act that impacted the Company in fiscal 2019 was a reduction to the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%. The 21% corporate income tax rate was effective January 1, 2018 and is in effect for the Company’s full fiscal 2019 tax year.

The Company is subject to additional requirements of the Act beginning in fiscal 2019. Those provisions include an income inclusion for global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”), a tax determined by base erosion and anti-avoidance tax (“BEAT”) related to certain payments between a U.S. corporation and foreign related entities, a limitation of certain executive compensation and a deduction for foreign derived intangible income. The Company has determined its accounting policy to treat the taxes due on GILTI as a period cost. The Company does not anticipate being subject to BEAT provision due to the revenue thresholds. The Company has included the impacts of the Act in the fiscal 2019 provision.

In December 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 that allowed for a measurement period up to one year after the enactment date of the Act to complete the accounting requirements. The Company completed the adjustments related to the Act in the third quarter of fiscal 2019, within the allowed period.

As of June 1, 2019, we had approximately $3.1 million of net deferred tax assets related to federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards, compared to $3.4 million as of June 2, 2018. Net deferred tax assets related to domestic state NOL carryforwards at June 1, 2019 amounted to approximately $3.9 million, compared to $3.9 million at June 2, 2018. Net deferred tax assets related to foreign NOL carryforwards as of June 1, 2019 totaled approximately $0.4 million with various or indefinite expiration dates. The amount of net deferred tax assets related to foreign NOL carryforwards was $0.6 million as of June 2, 2018. We also had a domestic net deferred tax asset of $1.8 million of foreign tax credit carryforwards as of June 1, 2019, compared to $0.5 million as of June 2, 2018.  The changes in balances from prior year are generally due to the transition tax that was part of the Act for which the deemed inclusion on foreign earnings triggered additional foreign tax credit carryforwards that are available for future utilization. We did not have any alternative minimum tax credit carryforward as of June 1, 2019.

We have historically determined that undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries, to the extent of cash available, will be repatriated to the U.S. Due to the deemed repatriation tax, the untaxed outside basis difference for which the historic balance has primarily related has been reduced. The deferred tax liability on the outside basis difference is now primarily withholding tax on future dividend distributions. Accordingly, we have reduced the deferred tax liability from $0.3 million in fiscal 2018 to $0.2 million in fiscal 2019.

Management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to use the existing deferred tax assets. A significant component of objective evidence evaluated was the cumulative income or loss incurred in each jurisdiction over the three-year period ended June 1, 2019. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider subjective evidence such as future income projections. We considered other positive evidence in determining the need for a valuation allowance in the U.S. including the subpart F and GILTI inclusions of our foreign earnings. The weight of this positive evidence is not sufficient to outweigh other negative evidence in evaluating our need for a valuation allowance in the U.S. jurisdiction.

20

As of June 1, 2019, a valuation allowance of $11.7 million was established to record only the portion of the deferred tax asset that will more likely than not be realized. There was an increase in the valuation allowance from June 2, 2018 in the amount of $2.6 million.  We recorded a valuation allowance for all domestic federal and state net deferred tax assets considering the significant cumulative losses in the U.S. jurisdiction, the reversal of the deferred tax liability for foreign earnings and no forecast of additional U.S. income. The valuation allowance also related to deferred tax assets in foreign jurisdictions where historical taxable losses have been incurred. The amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period are increased, or if objective negative evidence in the form of cumulative losses is no longer present and additional weight may be given to subjective evidence such as our projections for growth.

Income taxes paid, including foreign estimated tax payments, were $0.3 million, $0.5 million and $0.4 million, during fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017, respectively.

In the normal course of business, we are subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world. Generally, years prior to fiscal 2011 are closed for examination under the statute of limitation for U.S. federal, U.S. state and local or non-U.S. tax jurisdictions. We are currently under examination in Thailand (fiscal 2008 through 2011). Our primary foreign tax jurisdictions are Germany and the Netherlands. We have tax years open in Germany beginning in fiscal 2015 and the Netherlands beginning in fiscal 2013.

The uncertain tax positions from continuing operations as of both June 1, 2019 and June 2, 2018 were $0.1 million. We record penalties and interest related to uncertain tax positions in the income tax expense line item within the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We have not recorded a liability for interest and penalties as of June 1, 2019 or June 2, 2018. It is not expected that there will be a change in the unrecognized tax benefits due to the expiration of various statutes of limitations within the next 12 months.

Discontinued Operations

On September 12, 2017, the Company received an income tax refund from the State of Illinois of approximately $2.0 million, which included interest earned. The refund was a result of the conclusion of the Illinois amended return related to the sale of the RF, Wireless and Power Division in 2011. A net benefit of $1.5 million, which included $0.5 million of professional fee costs incurred to pursue the refund, was recognized in the second quarter of fiscal 2018 in discontinued operations. Refer to Note 5 “Discontinued Operations” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Liquidity, Financial Position and Capital Resources

Our operations and cash needs have been primarily financed through cash on hand and investments.

Cash, cash equivalents and investments were $50.0 million at June 1, 2019. Cash, cash equivalents and investments at June 1, 2019, consisted of $21.5 million in North America, $17.8 million in Europe, $0.9 million in Latin America and $9.8 million in Asia/Pacific. We repatriated $2.3 million total cash from our entities in Japan and Korea in fiscal 2019 and $5.9 million total cash from our entities in Germany and France in fiscal 2019. Although the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act generally eliminated federal income tax on future cash repatriation to the United States, cash repatriation may be subject to state and local taxes, withholding or similar taxes. See Note 9 “Income Taxes” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.

Cash and cash equivalents were $60.5 million at June 2, 2018. Cash and cash equivalents at June 2, 2018, consisted of $26.5 million in North America, $20.2 million in Europe, $1.0 million in Latin America and $12.8 million in Asia/Pacific. We repatriated $21.2 million of foreign cash to our U.S. parent company in fiscal 2018, $17.7 million from our Hong Kong entity and the remainder from our entities in Singapore, Italy and Taiwan.

We believe that the existing sources of liquidity, including current cash, will provide sufficient resources to meet known capital requirements and working capital needs through the next twelve months.

21

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Cash flow from operating activities primarily resulted from our net income, adjusted for non-cash items and changes in our operating assets and liabilities.

Operating activities used $2.6 million of cash during fiscal 2019. We had net loss of $7.3 million during fiscal 2019, which included non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $0.7 million associated with the issuance of stock option awards and restricted stock awards, $1.1 million of inventory provisions and depreciation and amortization expense of $3.2 million associated with our property and equipment as well as amortization of our intangible assets. The Company recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $6.3 million for the full amount of the goodwill associated with the IMES reporting unit. Changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted in a use of cash of $6.8 million during fiscal 2019, primarily due to the increase in inventories of $4.2 million, the increase in accounts receivable of $2.0 million and the decrease in our accounts payable of $2.4 million. These uses of cash were partially offset by the decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets of $0.6 million and the increase in accrued liabilities of $1.1 million. The inventory increase was due to the ongoing growth of our RF and power technologies business and growth in CT Tube and component inventory as we prepare for expected ALTA750 ^TM  tube sales growth in the Healthcare market. The increase in accounts receivable was primarily due to the increase in sales. The decrease in our accounts payable was due to timing of payments for some of our larger vendors for both inventory and services. The increase in accrued liabilities was primarily due to an increase in deferred revenues as well as several accrued expenses.

Operating activities provided $3.0 million of cash during fiscal 2018. We had net income of $3.8 million during fiscal 2018, which included non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $0.5 million associated with the issuance of stock option awards and restricted stock awards, $0.8 million of inventory provisions and depreciation and amortization expense of $3.0 million associated with our property and equipment as well as amortization of our intangible assets. Changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted in a use of cash of $5.0 million during fiscal 2018, primarily due to the increase in inventories of $8.2 million, the increase in accounts receivable of $1.8 million and the increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of $0.6 million. These uses of cash were partially offset by the increase in our accounts payable of $3.5 million and the increase in accrued liabilities of $1.9 million. The inventory increase was due to the ongoing growth of our RF and power technologies business, increase in raw material and work in process supporting the semiconductor capital equipment market and growth in supplying replacement systems and parts to the Healthcare market. The increase in accounts receivable was primarily due to the increase in sales. The increase in accounts payable was primarily due to an increase in our accrual for inventory in transit from vendors as well as timing of payments for some of our larger vendors for both inventory and services. The increase in accrued liabilities was primarily due to higher compensation accruals mostly related to the increase in net sales.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

The cash flow from investing activities consisted primarily of purchases and maturities of investments and capital expenditures.

Cash used in investing activities of $11.9 million during fiscal 2019 included purchases of investments of $17.8 million and $3.9 million in capital expenditures, partially offset by the proceeds from the maturities of investments of $9.8 million. Capital expenditures relates primarily to our Healthcare growth initiative, a new air conditioner unit for the global headquarters, investments in our LaFox manufacturing operation and capital used for our IT system.

Cash provided by investing activities of $4.2 million during fiscal 2018 included proceeds from the maturities of investments of $12.3 million, partially offset by the purchases of investments of $3.9 million and $5.2 million in capital expenditures. Capital expenditures relate primarily to our Healthcare growth initiative, a new roof for part of our warehouse and capital used for our IT system.

Our purchases and proceeds from investments consist of time deposits and CDs. Purchasing of future investments may vary from period to period due to interest and foreign currency exchange rates.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

The cash flow from financing activities primarily consists of cash dividends paid.

Cash used in financing activities of $2.8 million during fiscal 2019 resulted primarily from cash used to pay dividends, partially offset by proceeds from the issuance of common stock from stock option exercises.

Cash used in financing activities of $3.0 million during fiscal 2018 resulted primarily from cash used to pay dividends.

All future payments of dividends are at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Dividend payments will depend on earnings, capital requirements, operating conditions and such other factors that the Board may deem relevant.

22

Contractual Obligations

Contractual obligations are presented in the table below as of June 1, 2019 (in thousands):

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management continuously evaluates its critical accounting policies and estimates, including the allowance for doubtful accounts, revenue recognition, inventory obsolescence, goodwill and other intangible assets, loss contingencies and income taxes. Management bases the estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, however, actual results could differ from those estimates.

The policies discussed below are considered by management to be critical to understanding our financial position and the results of operations. Their application involves significant judgments and estimates in preparation of our consolidated financial statements. For all of these policies, management cautions that future events rarely develop exactly as forecasted, and the best estimates routinely require adjustment.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Our allowance for doubtful accounts includes estimated losses that result from uncollectible receivables. The estimates are influenced by the following: continuing credit evaluation of customers’ financial conditions; aging of receivables, individually and in the aggregate; a large number of customers which are widely dispersed across geographic areas; and collectability and delinquency history by geographic area. Significant changes in one or more of these considerations may require adjustments affecting net income and net carrying value of accounts receivable. The allowance for doubtful accounts was approximately $0.3 million as of both June 1, 2019 and June 2, 2018.

Revenue Recognition

Our product sales are recognized as revenue upon shipment, when title passes to the customer, when delivery has occurred or services have been rendered and when collectability is reasonably assured. We also record estimated discounts and returns based on our historical experience. Our products are often manufactured to meet the specific design needs of our customers’ applications. Our engineers work closely with customers to ensure that our products will meet their needs. Our customers are under no obligation to compensate us for designing the products we sell.

23

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09 (“ASU 2014-09”), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which amends guidance for revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 is principles based guidance that can be applied to all contracts with customers, enhancing comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities, industries, jurisdictions and capital markets. The core principle of the guidance is that entities should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. The guidance details the steps entities should apply to achieve the core principle. In August 2015, the FASB issued an amendment to defer the effective date for all entities by one year. For public entities, ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Companies have the option of using either a full or modified retrospective approach in applying this standard. During fiscal 2016 and 2017, the FASB issued four additional updates which further clarify the guidance provided in ASU 2014-09.

Effective June 3, 2018, the Company adopted the standard using the modified retrospective method to all contracts. As a result, financial information for the reporting period beginning June 3, 2018 was reported under the new standard, while comparative financial information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported in accordance with the previous standard. The adoption of this standard did not impact the timing of revenue recognition for our customer sales. The adoption did not result in the recognition of a cumulative adjustment to beginning retained earnings, nor did it have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. For the Company, the most significant impact of the new standard is the addition of required disclosures within the notes to the financial statements.

Inventories, net

Our consolidated inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value, generally using a weighted-average cost method. Our net inventories include approximately $47.2 million of finished goods, $4.2 million of raw materials and $1.8 million of work-in-progress as of June 1, 2019, as compared to approximately $42.6 million of finished goods, $5.7 million of raw materials and $2.4 million of work-in-progress as of June 2, 2018. The inventory reserve as of June 1, 2019 was $4.6 million compared to $4.0 million as of June 2, 2018.

At this time, we do not anticipate any material risks or uncertainties related to possible future inventory write-downs. Provisions for obsolete or slow moving inventories are recorded based upon regular analysis of stock rotation privileges, obsolescence, the exiting of certain markets and assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If future demand changes in an industry or market conditions differ from management’s estimates, additional provisions may be necessary.

We recorded provisions to our inventory reserves of $1.1 million, $0.8 million and $0.5 million during fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017, respectively, which were included in cost of sales. The provisions were primarily for obsolete and slow moving parts. The parts were written down to estimated realizable value.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill is not subject to amortization and is reviewed at least annually in the fourth quarter of each year for impairment or whenever events or circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred, such as a significant adverse change in the business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, loss of key personnel or a decision to sell or dispose of a reporting unit.

During the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, our goodwill balances are reviewed for impairment using the first day of our fourth quarter as the measurement date. If after reviewing the totality of events or circumstances, we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then we test for impairment through a quantitative impairment test. This quantitative impairment test uses the income method, which is based on a discounted future cash flow approach that uses the significant assumptions of projected revenue, projected operational profit, terminal growth rates and the cost of capital. The Company also considers the Guideline Public Company Method in the goodwill impairment assessment.

Factors considered in calculating the fair value of the IMES reporting unit were historical performance, forecasted financials for the following ten years, and information from comparable public companies. Estimates contain management’s best estimates of economic and market conditions over the projected period, including growth rates in revenue and costs and best estimates of future expected changes in operating margins and capital expenditures. Our projection of estimated operating results and cash flows were discounted using a weighted average cost of capital of 15% that reflects current market conditions. The discount rate is sensitive to changes in interest rates and other market rates in place at the time the assessment was performed. The Guideline Public Company Method calculated an Enterprise Value Range consistent with the discounted cash flow method.

Intangible assets are initially recorded at their fair market values determined by quoted market prices in active markets, if available, or recognized valuation models. Intangible assets that have finite useful lives are amortized over their useful lives either on a straight-line basis or over their projected future cash flows and are tested for impairment when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate possible impairment. Our intangible assets represent the fair value for trade name, customer relationships, non-compete agreements and technology acquired in connection with the acquisitions.

24

Long-Lived Assets

We review property and equipment, definite-lived intangible assets and other long-lived assets for impairment whenever adverse events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such assets may not be recoverable.

If adverse events do occur, our impairment review is based on an undiscounted cash flow analysis at the lowest level at which cash flows of the long-lived assets are largely independent of other groups of our assets and liabilities. This analysis requires management judgment with respect to changes in technology, the continued success of product lines and future volume, revenue and expense growth rates. We conduct annual reviews for idle and underutilized equipment and review business plans for possible impairment. Impairment occurs when the carrying value of the assets exceeds the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be earned by the use of the asset or asset group. When impairment is indicated, the estimated future cash flows are then discounted to determine the estimated fair value of the asset or asset group and an impairment charge is recorded for the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value.

Additionally, we also evaluate the remaining useful life each reporting period to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of depreciation or amortization. If the estimate of a long lived asset’s remaining useful life is changed, the remaining carrying amount of the asset is amortized prospectively over that revised remaining useful life. 

The Company assessed whether the carrying amounts of the IMES reporting unit’s long-lived assets may not be recoverable and therefore impaired. To assess the recoverability of the IMES reporting unit’s long-lived assets, the undiscounted cash flows of the reporting unit was analyzed over a period of ten years, with a residual period, compared to the carrying value of net property plant and equipment, goodwill and intangibles. The sum of the undiscounted cash flows exceeded the carrying value of net property plant and equipment, goodwill and intangibles, therefore, there was no impairment indicated.

Loss Contingencies

We accrue a liability for loss contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. When only a range of possible loss can be established, the most probable amount in the range is accrued. If no amount within this range is a better estimate than any other amount within the range, the minimum amount in the range is accrued. If we determine that there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss may have been incurred, we will include a disclosure describing the contingency.

Income Taxes

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability and determine the need for a valuation allowance based on a number of factors, including both positive and negative evidence. These factors include historical taxable income or loss, projected future taxable income or loss, the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences and the implementation of tax planning strategies. In circumstances where we, or any of our affiliates, have incurred three years of cumulative losses which constitute significant negative evidence, positive evidence of equal or greater significance is needed to overcome the negative evidence before a tax benefit is recognized for deductible temporary differences and loss carryforwards. See Note 9 “Income Taxes” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 (“ASU 2014-09”), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which amends guidance for revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 is principles based guidance that can be applied to all contracts with customers, enhancing comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities, industries, jurisdictions and capital markets. The core principle of the guidance is that entities should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. The guidance details the steps entities should apply to achieve the core principle. In August 2015, the FASB issued an amendment to defer the effective date for all entities by one year. For public entities, ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Companies have the option of using either a full or modified retrospective approach in applying this standard. During fiscal 2016, 2017 and 2018 the FASB issued additional updates which further clarify the guidance provided in ASU 2014-09.

Effective June 3, 2018, the Company adopted the standard using the modified retrospective method to all contracts. As a result, financial information for the reporting period beginning June 3, 2018 was reported under the new standard, while comparative financial information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported in accordance with the previous standard. The adoption of this standard did not impact the timing of revenue recognition for our customer sales. The adoption did not result in the recognition of a cumulative adjustment to beginning retained earnings, nor did it have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. For the Company, the most significant impact of the new standard is the addition of required disclosures within the notes to the financial statements.

25

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 (“ASU 2016-02”), Leases. ASU 2016-02 establishes a right-of-use (“ROU”) model that requires a lessee to record an ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available.

ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The Company elects the practical expedients (which must be elected as a package and applied consistently to all of our leases) for which we will not reassess: (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contains leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases and (3) the initial indirect costs for any existing leases. We have also elected the practical expedient to combine lease and non-lease components for all of our leases. We have adopted an accounting policy to not apply the requirements of Topic 842 to leases with a term of 12 months or less, which the Company has within our facility leases. Short-term leases will be reassessed if events occur that disqualify them from short-term status.

The new standard is effective for the Company on June 2, 2019. The FASB issued ASU 2018-11, targeted improvements to ASC 842, which includes an option to not restate comparative periods in transition and elect to use the effective date of ASC 842 as the date of initial application of transition. We will adopt the new standard on the effective date applying the new transition method allowed under ASU 2018-11. We are in the process of evaluating the impact that the new standard will have on the consolidated financial statements. We have begun evaluating and planning for adoption and implementation of this ASU, including reviewing all material leases, the ASU practical expedient guidelines and current accounting policy elections, and assessing the overall financial statement impact. While we continue to assess all of the effects of adoption, we are unable to quantify the impact at this time. The most significant effects relate to the recognition of new ROU assets and lease liabilities on our balance sheet for our operating leases and providing significant new disclosures about our leasing activities. All leases will be recorded as a right of use asset and a lease liability to be amortized over the lease term. Our conclusions are preliminary and subject to change as we finalize our analysis.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 introduces a new forward-looking approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. The estimate of expected credit losses will require entities to incorporate considerations of historical information, current information and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  This ASU also expands the disclosure requirements to enable users of financial statements to understand the entity’s assumptions, models and methods for estimating expected credit losses. For public business entities, ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and the guidance is to be applied using the modified-retrospective approach. Earlier adoption is permitted for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. The guidance permits entities to reclassify tax effects stranded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income as a result of tax reform to retained earnings. This new guidance is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted in annual and interim periods and can be applied retrospectively or in the period of adoption. The Company has elected not to early adopt ASU 2018-02.

26

ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Risk Management and Market Sensitive Financial Instruments

We are exposed to many different market risks with the various industries we serve. The primary financial risk we are exposed to is foreign currency exchange, as certain operations, assets and liabilities of ours are denominated in foreign currencies. We manage these risks through normal operating and financing activities.

Foreign Currency Exposure

Even though we take into account current foreign currency exchange rates at the time an order is taken, our financial statements, denominated in a non-U.S. functional currency, are subject to foreign exchange rate fluctuations.

Our foreign denominated assets and liabilities are cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, inventory, accounts payable and intercompany receivables and payables, as we conduct business in countries of the European Union, Asia/Pacific and, to a lesser extent, Canada and Latin America. We do manage foreign exchange exposures by using currency clauses in certain sales contracts and we also have local debt to offset asset exposures. We have not used any derivative instruments nor entered into any forward contracts in fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 or fiscal 2017.

Had the U.S. dollar changed unfavorably 10% against various foreign currencies, foreign denominated net sales would have been lower by an estimated $10.5 million during fiscal 2019, an estimated $10.4 million during fiscal 2018 and an estimated $9.1 million during fiscal 2017. Total assets would have declined by an estimated $4.7 million as of the fiscal year ended June 1, 2019 and an estimated $5.6 million as of the fiscal year ended June 2, 2018, while the total liabilities would have decreased by an estimated $1.1 million as of the fiscal year ended June 1, 2019 and an estimated $1.0 million as of the fiscal year ended June 2, 2018.

The interpretation and analysis of these disclosures should not be considered in isolation since such variances in exchange rates would likely influence other economic factors. Such factors, which are not readily quantifiable, would likely also affect our operations. Additional disclosure regarding various market risks are set forth in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on this Form 10-K.

ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

27

Richardson Electronics, Ltd. 

Audited Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

28

Richardson Electronics, Ltd.

Audited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

29

Richardson Electronics, Ltd.

Audited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

30

Richardson Electronics, Ltd.

Audited Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(in thousands, except per share amounts)