Rocket Lab USA, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2022 June (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-39560

ROCKET LAB USA, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)



Delaware	98-1550340
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)



3881 McGowen Street Long Beach, California	90808
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (714) 465-5737

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.

Title of each class

Trading

Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share

RKLB

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒

		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of August 8, 2022, the registrant had 469,025,580 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may constitute “forward-looking statements” for purposes of the federal securities laws. The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q has been provided by us and our management, and such forward-looking statements include statements relating to the expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future of Rocket Lab USA, Inc. (the “Company”) and its management team. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “expect,” “intends,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are based on current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on Rocket Lab. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors described below and under the heading “Risk Factors.”

•

Our ability to effectively manage future growth and achieve operational efficiencies;

•

any inability of us to operate our Electron Launch Vehicle (“Electron”) at its anticipated launch rate could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations;

•

our inability to develop our Neutron Launch Vehicle (“Neutron”) could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations;

•

changes in the competitive and highly regulated industries in which we operate, variations in operating performance across competitors, changes in laws and regulations affecting our business and changes in the combined capital structure;

•

changes in governmental policies, priorities, regulations, mandates or funding for programs in which we or our customers participate, which could negatively impact our business;

•

loss of, or default by, one or more of our key customers or inability of customers to fund contractual commitments, which could result in a decline in future revenues, cancellation of contracted launches or space systems orders or termination or default of existing agreements;

•

changes in applicable laws or regulations;

•

success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, officers, key employees or directors, and our ability to attract and retain key personnel, including Peter Beck, our President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman;

•

defects in or failure of our products to operate in the expected manner, including any launch failure, which could result in a loss of revenue, impact our business, prospects and profitability, increase our insurance rates and damage our reputation and ability to obtain future customers;

•

inability or failure to protect intellectual property;

•

disruptions in the supply of key raw materials or components used to produce our products or increases in prices of raw materials;

•

increasing global inflation and rising interest rates;

•

fluctuations in foreign exchange rates;

•

the ability to implement our business plans, forecasts and other expectations, and identify and realize additional opportunities;

•

the risk of downturns in government and commercial launch services and spacecraft industries;

•

our ability to anticipate changes in the markets for rocket launch services, mission services, spacecraft and spacecraft components;

•

macroeconomic conditions resulting from the global pandemic related to the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”);

•

the inability to develop and maintain effective internal controls;

•

the diversion of management’s attention and consumption of resources as a result of acquisitions of other companies and success in integrating and otherwise achieving the benefits of recent and potential acquisitions;

•

failure to maintain adequate operational and financial resources or raise additional capital or generate sufficient cash flows;

•

any significant disruption in or unauthorized access to our computer systems or those of third parties that we utilize in our operations, including those relating to cybersecurity or arising from cyber-attacks;

•

the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the foregoing, including potential delays in the timing of launches due to government lock-downs, including travel restrictions or other factors impacting travel; and

•

other factors detailed under the section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q entitled “Risk Factors.”

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. Some of these risks and uncertainties may in the future be amplified by the COVID-19 outbreak and/or any response to such an outbreak and there may be additional risks that we consider immaterial or which are unknown. It is not possible to predict or identify all such risks. We do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances may be materially different from what we expect. All forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.

You should also note that we may announce material business and financial information to our investors using our website (including at https://investors.rocketlabusa.com), filings with the SEC, webcasts, press releases, and conference calls. We use these mediums, as well as our official corporate accounts on social media outlets such as Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and YouTube, to broadcast our launches and other significant events, and to communicate with the public about our company, our products, and other matters. It is possible that the information that we make available may be deemed to be material information. We therefore encourage investors and others interested in our company to review the information that we make available on our website and through our other official social media channels. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website or our social media channels is not a part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Quarterly Report to “Rocket Lab,” “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Rocket Lab USA, Inc. and our subsidiaries.

ROCKET LAB U.S.A., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q

June 30, 2022

Table of Contents


		Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	5
Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	5
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2022 (unaudited) and December 31, 2021	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	8
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	9
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	35
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	35
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION	37
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	37
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	37
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities	37
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	37
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	37
Item 5.	Other Information	37
Item 6.	Exhibits	37
Signatures		38

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ROCKET LAB U.S.A., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

AS OF JUNE 30, 2022 AND DECEMBER 31, 2021

(in thousands, except share and per share data)


	June 30, 2022
	(unaudited)			December 31, 2021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	542,511		$	690,959
Accounts receivable, net		40,183			13,957
Contract assets		4,393			2,490
Inventories		85,683			47,904
Prepaids and other current assets		33,646			19,454
Total current assets		706,416			774,764
Non-current assets:
Property, plant and equipment, net		97,031			65,339
Intangible assets, net		84,503			57,487
Goodwill		58,281			43,308
Right-of-use assets - operating leases		31,365			28,424
Right-of-use assets - finance leases		15,921			—
Restricted cash		4,118			1,116
Deferred income tax assets, net		4,447			5,859
Other non-current assets		2,670			4,550
Total assets	$	1,004,752		$	980,847
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Trade payables	$	14,156		$	3,489
Accrued expenses		11,468			10,977
Employee benefits payable		13,632			8,266
Contract liabilities		90,659			59,749
Current installments of long-term borrowings		2,866			2,827
Other current liabilities		11,320			10,999
Total current liabilities		144,101			96,307
Non-current liabilities:
Long-term borrowings, excluding current installments		98,649			97,297
Non-current operating lease liabilities		30,370			28,302
Non-current finance lease liabilities		15,744			—
Deferred tax liabilities		17			466
Public and private warrant liabilities		—			58,227
Other non-current liabilities		2,417			1,800
Total liabilities		291,298			282,399
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 14)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; authorized shares: 2,500,000,000; issued and outstanding shares: 468,377,065 and 450,180,479 at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		47			45
Additional paid-in capital		1,081,390			1,002,106
Accumulated deficit		(369,137	)		(305,011	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		1,154			1,308
Total stockholders’ equity		713,454			698,448
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,004,752		$	980,847

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ROCKET LAB U.S.A., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2022 AND 2021

(unaudited; in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Revenues	$	55,474		$	11,280		$	96,177		$	29,472
Cost of revenues		50,516			8,817			87,484			25,598
Gross profit		4,958			2,463			8,693			3,874
Operating expenses:
Research and development, net		19,165			8,529			32,642			15,607
Selling, general and administrative		18,952			7,068			42,030			13,692
Total operating expenses		38,117			15,597			74,672			29,299
Operating loss		(33,159	)		(13,134	)		(65,979	)		(25,425	)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense, net		(2,432	)		(275	)		(5,421	)		(402	)
Loss on foreign exchange		(3,876	)		(126	)		(3,896	)		(405	)
Change in fair value of liability classified warrants		—			(2,448	)		13,482			(5,478	)
Other income (expense), net		(23	)		(242	)		3			(133	)
Total other income (expense), net		(6,331	)		(3,091	)		4,168			(6,418	)
Loss before income taxes		(39,490	)		(16,225	)		(61,811	)		(31,843	)
Benefit (provision) for income taxes		2,073			(440	)		(2,315	)		(704	)
Net loss	$	(37,417	)	$	(16,665	)	$	(64,126	)	$	(32,547	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation income (loss)		(1,030	)		333			(154	)		1,074
Comprehensive loss	$	(38,447	)	$	(16,332	)	$	(64,280	)	$	(31,473	)
Net loss per share attributable to Rocket Lab USA, Inc.:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.08	)	$	(0.21	)	$	(0.14	)	$	(0.41	)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		464,719,924			78,961,096			460,630,324			78,893,969

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ROCKET LAB U.S.A., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE

PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2022 AND 2021

(unaudited; in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Additional Paid-In			Accumulated			Other Comprehensive
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital			Deficit			Income (Loss)			Total
December 31, 2021		—	$	—		450,180,479	$	45	$	1,002,106		$	(305,011	)	$	1,308		$	698,448
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—			(26,709	)		—			(26,709	)
Issuance of common stock under equity plans		—		—		7,883,569		1		1,019			—			—			1,020
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		14,116			—			—			14,116
Common stock issued upon exercise of Public and Private Warrants		—		—		4,554,830		—		44,844			—			—			44,844
Issuance of common stock for acquisition		—		—		123,934		—		—			—			—			—
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—			—			876			876
March 31, 2022		—		—		462,742,812		46		1,062,085			(331,720	)		2,184			732,595
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—			(37,417	)		—			(37,417	)
Issuance of common stock under equity plans		—		—		3,594,963		1		3,725			—			—			3,726
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		15,580			—			—			15,580
Issuance of common stock for acquisitions		—		—		2,039,290		—		—			—			—			—
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—			—			(1,030	)		(1,030	)
June 30, 2022		—	$	—		468,377,065	$	47	$	1,081,390		$	(369,137	)	$	1,154		$	713,454

	Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Additional Paid-In			Accumulated			Other Comprehensive
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital			Deficit			Income (Loss)			Total
December 31, 2020		31,330,513	$	274,960		8,654,869	$	—	$	19,928		$	(187,691	)	$	1,055		$	(166,708	)
Retroactive application of Exchange Ratio		252,513,251		—		69,755,293		8		(8	)		—			—			—
December 31, 2020 as adjusted		283,843,764		274,960		78,410,162		8		19,920			(187,691	)		1,055			(166,708	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—			(15,882	)		—			(15,882	)
Exercise of stock options		—		—		545,527		—		542			—			—			542
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		1,102			—			—			1,102
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—			—			741			741
March 31, 2021		283,843,764		274,960		78,955,689		8		21,564			(203,573	)		1,796			(180,205	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—		—			(16,665	)		—			(16,665	)
Exercise of stock options		—		—		225,930		—		230			—			—			230
Stock-based compensation		—		—		—		—		1,278			—			—			1,278
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—			—			333			333
June 30, 2021		283,843,764	$	274,960		79,181,619	$	8	$	23,072		$	(220,238	)	$	2,129		$	(195,029	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ROCKET LAB U.S.A., INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2022 AND 2021

(unaudited; in thousands)


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss	$	(64,126	)	$	(32,547	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		13,737			4,847
Stock-based compensation expense		28,827			2,379
Loss on disposal of assets		25			55
Loss on extinguishment of long-term debt		—			496
Amortization of debt issuance costs and discount		1,392			149
Noncash lease expense		1,526			997
Noncash (income) expense associated with liability-classified warrants		(13,482	)		5,478
Deferred income taxes		251			(612	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(12,926	)		(19,580	)
Contract assets		(2,286	)		1,201
Inventories		(16,302	)		(5,347	)
Prepaids and other current assets		(8,090	)		2,796
Other non-current assets		2,089			—
Trade payables		1,992			(3,384	)
Accrued expenses		(3,433	)		2,849
Employee benefits payables		3,925			756
Contract liabilities		4,467			5,006
Other current liabilities		(568	)		(930	)
Non-current lease liabilities		(1,640	)		(1,191	)
Other non-current liabilities		27			—
Net cash used in operating activities		(64,595	)		(36,582	)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property, equipment and software		(19,070	)		(5,699	)
Cash paid for acquisition, net of acquired cash and restricted cash		(65,073	)		—
Net cash used in investing activities		(84,143	)		(5,699	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options and public warrants		3,142			772
Proceeds from Employee Stock Purchase Plan		2,091			—
Proceeds from sale of employees restricted stock units to cover taxes		24,002			—
Minimum tax withholding paid on behalf of employees for restricted stock units		(23,741	)		—
Tax payment for net settled option shares		(444	)		—
Payment of contingent consideration		(5,500	)		—
Finance lease principal payments		(116	)		—
Proceeds from long-term revolving line of credit		—			15,000
Proceeds from long-term secured term loan		—			98,895
Repayments on long-term revolving line of credit		—			(15,000	)
Payment of deferred transaction costs associated with planned reverse recapitalization transaction		—			(2,298	)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		(566	)		97,369
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		3,858			20
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash		(145,446	)		55,108
Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period		692,075			53,933
Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	$	546,629		$	109,041
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for interest	$	4,771		$	—
Cash paid for income taxes		2,028			—
Unpaid purchases of property, equipment and software		1,027			1,231
Deferred transaction costs in accrued expenses		—			1,096
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		3,783			—
Net exercise of public and private warrants into common stock		44,739			—
Issuance of common stock for payment of accrued bonus		1,441			—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

ROCKET LAB USA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AS OF JUNE 30, 2022 AND DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND FOR THE

THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2022 AND 2021

(unaudited; in thousands, except share and per share data)

DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS

Rocket Lab USA, Inc. (“Rocket Lab” and, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) is an end-to-end space company with an established track record of mission success headquartered in Long Beach, California and is the parent company for several wholly owned operating subsidiaries located in the United States, New Zealand, Canada and Australia. We deliver reliable launch services, spacecraft design services, spacecraft components, spacecraft manufacturing and other spacecraft and on-orbit management solutions that make it faster, easier and more affordable to access space. We operate one of the only private orbital launch ranges in the world, located in Mahia, New Zealand, enabling a unique degree of operational flexibility and control of customer launch manifests and mission assurance. While our business has historically been centered on the development of small-class launch vehicles and related sale of launch services, we are currently innovating in the areas of medium-class launch vehicles and launch services, space systems design and manufacturing, on-orbit management solutions, and space data applications.

On August 25, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), the Company consummated the previously announced merger pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated March 1, 2021, and amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto, dated May 7, 2021 and Amendment No. 2 thereto, dated June 25, 2021 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among the Company (formerly known as Vector Acquisition Corporation (“Vector”)), the pre-merger Rocket Lab USA, Inc., (“Legacy Rocket Lab”)) and Prestige USA Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legacy Rocket Lab (“Merger Sub”). Vector filed a notice of deregistration and necessary accompanying documents with the Cayman Islands Registrar of Companies, and a certificate of incorporation and a certificate of corporate domestication with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, under which Vector was domesticated and continued as a Delaware corporation (the “Domestication”), changing its name to “Vector Acquisition Delaware Corporation” (“Vector Delaware”). As contemplated by the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into Vector Delaware, with the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub ceasing and Vector Delaware being the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Legacy Rocket Lab (the “First Merger”) and immediately following the First Merger, Legacy Rocket Lab merged with and into Vector Delaware with Vector Delaware being the surviving corporation in the merger (the “Second Merger,” and, together with the First Merger and the Domestication, the “Business Combination”). The Business Combination was unanimously approved by the boards of directors of each of Vector and Legacy Rocket Lab.

In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, the Company changed its name from Vector Acquisition Corporation to Rocket Lab USA, Inc. The “Post Combination Company” following the Business Combination is Rocket Lab USA, Inc.

The Business Combination

On August 25, 2021, the Company consummated the Business Combination. The following occurred upon the Closing:

•

The Company repurchased $40,000 of Legacy Rocket Lab Common Stock and options to purchase Legacy Rocket Lab Common Stock from certain members Rocket Lab management. Of the total repurchase amount of $40,000, $10,000 was used to purchase shares and options earned by employees through share-based compensation and resulted in incremental compensation expense of $9,642.

•

The remaining outstanding shares of Legacy Rocket Lab common stock and redeemable convertible preferred stock were exchanged for 362,188,208 shares of common stock in the Post Combination Company, based on the exchange ratio of 9.059659.

•

Holders of 968,617 shares of Vector Class A Common Stock properly exercised their right to have such shares redeemed for a full pro rata portion of the trust account holding the proceeds from Vector’s initial public offering, calculated as of two business days prior to the consummation of the Business Combination, which was approximately $10.00 per share, or $9,686 in the aggregate. The remaining 31,031,383 shares of Vector Class A common stock automatically converted to an equal number of shares of common stock in the Post Combination Company.

•

The 8,000,000 shares of Vector Class B common stock automatically converted to an equal number of shares of common stock in the Post Combination Company.

•

Vector warrants that were outstanding and unexercised converted into an equal number of warrants to purchase common stock of the Post Combination Company.

•

Pursuant to subscription agreements entered into in connection with the Merger Agreement (collectively, the “Subscription Agreements”), certain investors agreed to subscribe for an aggregate of 46,700,000 newly-issued shares of common stock in the Post Combination Company at a purchase price of $10.00 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $467,000 (the “PIPE Investment”). The PIPE Investment was consummated substantially concurrently with the closing of the Business Combination.

In addition, if the closing price of the Post Combination Company common stock was equal to or greater than $20.00 for a period of at least 20 trading days out of 30 consecutive trading days during the period commencing on the 90th day following the Closing Date and ending on the 180th day following the Closing Date (the “Stock Price Target”), the holders of Legacy Rocket Lab’s equity securities, including options, warrants, restricted stock units and other rights to acquire stock of Legacy Rocket Lab, would have been entitled to receive an aggregate of 32,150,757 additional shares of the Post Combination Company common stock (the “Earnout Shares”), subject, in the case of holders of options, warrants, restricted stock units and other rights to acquire stock of Legacy Rocket Lab, to the terms of such options, warrants, restricted stock units and other rights. In evaluating the accounting treatment for the earnout, we concluded that the earnout was not a liability under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, was not subject to the accounting guidance under ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, and was not subject to derivative accounting under ASC 815, Derivative and Hedging. As such, the earnout is recognized in equity at fair value upon the closing of the Business Combination. On February 21, 2022, the Company’s common stock did not trade at equal to or greater than $20.00 for a period of at least 20 trading days out of 30 consecutive trading days during the Stock Price Target and the Company will not issue the Earnout Shares.

Immediately after giving effect to the Business Combination and the PIPE Financing, the following were outstanding: (i) 447,919,591 shares of Rocket Lab common stock, consisting of (a) 362,188,208 shares of Post Combination Company common stock issued to holders of Legacy Rocket Lab common stock and redeemable convertible preferred stock, (b) 31,031,383 shares issued to the holders of Vector’s Class A ordinary shares, which reflects the redemption of 968,617 Class A ordinary shares with respect to which holders exercised their redemption right, (c) 8,000,000 shares issued to the holders of Vector’s Class B ordinary shares, and (d) 46,700,000 shares of Post Combination Company common stock issued in the PIPE Investment; (ii) warrants to purchase 16,266,666 shares of Post Combination Company common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share issued upon conversion of the outstanding Vector warrants prior to the Business Combination; (iii) warrants to purchase 891,380 shares of Post Combination Company common stock attributable to Legacy Rocket Lab warrants prior to the Business Combination, which had a weighted average exercise price of approximately $0.29 per share, (iv) options to purchase 17,961,684 shares of Post Combination Company common stock attributable to Legacy Rocket Lab options prior to the Business Combination, which had a weighted average exercise price of $1.04 per share and 14,253,283 of which were vested, (v) 14,903,640 restricted stock units attributable to restricted stock units of Rocket Lab prior to the Business Combination, including 4,065,304 with respect to which the time-based vesting conditions had been satisfied and (vi) an earnout obligation of Legacy Rocket Lab prior to the Business Combination pursuant to which the Post Combination Company may be required to issue up to 1,915,356 shares of Post Combination Company common stock. On May 31, 2022, 1,915,356 shares of common stock were issued in connection with this earnout obligation.

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Under this method of accounting, Vector was treated as the “accounting acquiree” and Legacy Rocket Lab as the “accounting acquirer” for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination was treated as the equivalent of Legacy Rocket Lab issuing shares for the net assets of Vector, followed by a recapitalization. The consolidated assets, liabilities, and results of operations of Legacy Rocket Lab comprise the historical financial statements of the Post Combination Company, and Vector’s assets, liabilities and results of operations are consolidated with Legacy Rocket Lab beginning on the acquisition date. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the financial statements of the Post Combination Company represent a continuation of the financial statements of Legacy Rocket Lab, and the net assets of Vector are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. This determination was primarily based on the following:

•

Legacy Rocket Lab stockholders considered in the aggregate have a majority interest of voting power in the Post Combination Company.

•

Members of Legacy Rocket Lab’s board of directors comprise five of the six members of the Post Combination Company’s board of directors as of the closing of the Business Combination.

•

Legacy Rocket Lab’s senior management continue to compose the senior management of the Post Combination Company

•

The relative size and valuation of Legacy Rocket Lab compared to Vector.

•

Legacy Rocket Lab’s business comprises the ongoing operations of the Post Combination Company.

In accordance with guidance applicable to these circumstances, the equity structure has been recast in all comparative periods up to the Closing Date to reflect the number of shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, issued to Legacy Rocket Lab’s stockholders in connection with the Business Combination. As such, the shares and corresponding capital amounts and earnings per share related to Legacy Rocket Lab redeemable convertible preferred stock, common stock, warrants, options, and restricted stock units prior to the Business Combination have been retroactively recast as shares reflecting the Exchange Ratio of 9.059659 established in the Business Combination.

Post Combination Company common stock and warrants commenced trading on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) under the symbols “RKLB” and “RKLBW,” respectively, on August 25, 2021.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principals of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting standards generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and the requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial information and include the accounts of Rocket Lab USA, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP can be condensed or omitted. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial information. These interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, or for any other interim period or for any other future year.

Emerging Growth Company

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. The Company expects that it will lose its emerging growth company status on December 31, 2022, at which point, it will qualify as a large accelerated filer based on its unaffiliated market capitalization as of June 30, 2022, according to Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

On an ongoing basis, our management evaluates estimates and assumptions including those related to revenue recognition, contract costs, loss reserves, valuation of warrants and stock-based compensation and deferred tax valuation allowances. We based our estimates on historical data and experience, as well as various other factors that our management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions.

Other Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no significant changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2022. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies disclosed in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the SEC on March 24, 2022.

REVENUES

The following table provides information about revenue by recognition model during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenues by recognition model	2022		2021		2022		2021
Point-in-time	$	37,107	$	9,780	$	65,344	$	26,815
Over-time		18,367		1,500		30,833		2,657
Total revenue by recognition model	$	55,474	$	11,280	$	96,177	$	29,472

The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables (presented within contract assets) and customer advances and deposits (presented within contract liabilities) on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, where applicable. Amounts are generally billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon milestones. These individual contract assets and liabilities are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at the end of each reporting period.

The following table presents the balances related to enforceable contracts as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Contract balances
Accounts receivable	$	40,183		$	13,957
Contract assets		4,393			2,490
Contract liabilities		(90,659	)		(59,749	)

Changes in contract liabilities were as follows:


Contract liabilities, at December 31, 2021	$	59,749
Contract liabilities assumed at acquisition		26,464
Customer advances received		34,810
Recognition of unearned revenue		(30,364	)
Contract liabilities, at June 30, 2022	$	90,659

The revenue recognized from the contract liabilities consisted of the Company satisfying performance obligations during the normal course of business.

The amount of revenue recognized from changes in the transaction price associated with performance obligations satisfied in prior years during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was not material.

Remaining unsatisfied performance obligations represent the total dollar value of work to be performed on contracts awarded and in progress. The amount of remaining unsatisfied performance obligations increases with new contracts or additions to existing contracts and decreases as revenue is recognized on existing contracts. Contracts are included in the amount of remaining unsatisfied performance obligations when an enforceable agreement has been reached. Remaining unsatisfied performance obligations totaled $531,370 as of June 30, 2022, of which approximately 42% is expected to be recognized within 12 months, with the remaining 58% to be recognized beyond 12 months.

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

ASI

On October 12, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Advanced Solutions, Inc. (“ASI”) pursuant to a membership interest purchase agreement (the “ASI Purchase Agreement”) with ASI Aerospace LLC (“ASI LLC”), Willis Vern Holdings, Inc., the shareholders of ASI LLC, and John A. Cuseo, as shareholder representative. ASI is an engineering company that develops flight software, simulation systems and guidance, navigation and control systems. ASI’s customers include agencies within the Defense Department, Air Force, NASA, other aerospace prime contractors, commercial spacecraft developers and space startups. ASI will be part of the Company’s Space Systems operating segment and continue to serve its current customers and support the Company’s Photon missions, spacecraft components, and space and ground software capabilities.

Acquisition Consideration

The acquisition-date consideration transferred consisted of cash of $29,935. The ASI Purchase Agreement also included an additional potential earn out payment of up to $5,500 based on achievement of certain performance metrics for the business in its fiscal year ending December 31, 2021. The contingent cash consideration was classified as a liability and included in accrued expenses on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. To estimate the fair value of the contingent consideration liability, management valued the earn-out based on the likelihood of reaching targets contained in the ASI Purchase Agreement. At the acquisition date, the fair value of the contingent consideration payable was determined to be $5,500. The contingent consideration of $5,500 was paid on April 4, 2022.

The following table presents estimates of the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed by the Company in the acquisition:


Description	Amount
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,245
Accounts receivable		1,920
Intangible assets		15,900
Employee benefits payable		(1,310	)
Other assets and liabilities, net		21
Identifiable net assets acquired		18,776
Goodwill		16,659
Total purchase price	$	35,435

The following is a summary of preliminary identifiable intangible assets acquired and the related expected lives for the finite-lived intangible assets:


Type	Estimated Life in Years	Fair Value
Developed technology	7	$	11,400
In-process technology	N/A		300
Customer relationships	10		3,100
Trademark and tradenames	7		1,100
Total identifiable intangible assets acquired		$	15,900

Goodwill of $16,659 was recorded for the ASI acquisition, representing the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets. Goodwill recognized primarily represents the future revenue and earnings potential and certain other assets which were acquired, but that do not meet the recognition criteria, such as assembled workforce. Goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

Compensation Arrangements

In connection with the acquisition, the Company deposited $12,015 with an escrow agent pursuant to the ASI Purchase Agreement for key ASI employees which was included in prepaid and other current assets and other non-current assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The employees must stay employed with the Company through each vesting date to be eligible to receive the performance reserve payments, and non-vested payments are forfeited if employment with the Company ceases. The performance reserve vests quarterly beginning with January 1, 2022 through October 1, 2023. In addition, under the agreement, the Company will make payment for a partial tax gross up. Due to the continuing employment requirement of the performance reserve, the costs associated with the performance reserve are recognized as post-combination compensation expense primarily recognized in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The Company recognized $1,895 and $3,790 in connection with the performance reserve payments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

PSC

On November 30, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “PSC Merger Agreement”), by and among the Company, Platinum Merger Sub, Inc. (“PSC Merger Sub”), Planetary Systems Corporation (“PSC”), and Michael Whalen as shareholder representative, which provides for, among other things, the merger of PSC Merger Sub with and into PSC, with PSC being the surviving corporation of the merger and a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Pursuant to the terms of the PSC Merger Agreement, all of the issued and outstanding shares of PSC were cancelled in exchange for aggregate consideration of $42,000 in cash, 1,720,841 shares of the Company’s common stock, and up to 956,023 shares of the Company’s common stock that are subject to a performance based earn-out, subject to customary adjustments at closing for cash, working capital, transaction expenses and indebtedness, and amounts held back by the Company (the “PSC Acquisition”). The PSC Merger Agreement contains representations, warranties and indemnification provisions customary for transactions of this kind. In connection with the PSC Acquisition, the Company has entered into customary offer letters or employment agreements with certain key employees of PSC.

Acquisition Consideration

The acquisition-date consideration transferred consisted of cash of $42,400, 729,375 shares of the Company’s common stock valued at $11,568 and holdback payable of $1,752. The purchase agreement also includes an additional potential earn out payment of up to 956,023 shares of the Company’s common stock based on achievement of certain performance metrics for the business in its fiscal year ending December 31, 2022 and 2023. The contingent consideration, to be paid in common stock, was classified as a liability and included in other non-current liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. To estimate the fair value of the contingent consideration liability, management valued the earn-out based on the likelihood of reaching targets contained in the purchase agreement. At the acquisition date, the fair value of the contingent consideration payable was determined to be $1,800. At June 30, 2022, the fair value of the contingent consideration payable was determined to be $1,800.

The following table presents estimates of the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed by the Company in the acquisition:


Description	Amount
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,655
Accounts receivable		2,543
Inventories		7,088
Intangible assets		33,000
Employee benefits payable		(1,212	)
Contract liabilities (1)		(5,278	)
Other current liabilities		(313	)
Non-current deferred tax liabilities		(6,735	)
Other assets and liabilities, net		996
Identifiable net assets acquired		33,744
Goodwill		23,776
Total purchase price	$	57,520

_________________________

(1) Contract liabilities was recorded under ASC 606 in accordance with ASU No. 2021-08; therefore a reduction in contract liabilities related to the estimated fair values of the acquired contract liabilities was not required.

The following is a summary of preliminary identifiable intangible assets acquired and the related expected lives for the finite-lived intangible assets:


Type	Estimated Life in Years	Fair Value
Developed technology	8	$	23,500
In-process technology	N/A		1,500
Customer relationships	15		3,400
Backlog	1		400
Trademark and tradenames	15		4,200
Total identifiable intangible assets acquired		$	33,000

Goodwill of $23,776 was recorded for the PSC acquisition, representing the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets. Goodwill recognized primarily represents the future revenue and earnings potential and certain other assets which were acquired, but that do not meet the recognition criteria, such as assembled workforce. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

Compensation Arrangements

In connection with the acquisition, the Company issued 1,720,841 shares of the Company’s common stock to the seller upon closing of the acquisition, of which 991,466 shares are held by key PSC employees. The shares are subject to a holdback agreement which restricts the transferability of the shares. The Company’s repurchase right lapses in eight equal quarterly installments over the two-year period subsequent to the acquisition date as the seller continues to provide service as an employee, such that at the end of the two-year period following the acquisition date, the shares will be fully transferable, and the Company will no longer have a right to repurchase the shares. Therefore, the shares are accounted for as post-combination compensation expense for services as an employee over the two-year vesting period following the acquisition date. Due to the continuing employment requirement of the shares issued upon closing of the transaction and the earnout shares, the costs associated with the shares are recognized as post-combination compensation expense recognized in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The Company recognized $2,144 and $4,288 of stock-based compensation during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 in connection with the holdback agreement shares.

SolAero

On January 18, 2022, the Company closed on the acquisition (the “SolAero Acquisition”) of SolAero Holdings, Inc. (“SolAero”) pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “SolAero Merger Agreement”), dated as of December 10, 2021, by and among the Company, Supernova Acquisition Corp. (“SolAero Merger Sub”), SolAero, and Fortis Advisors LLC as stockholder representative, which provides for, among other things, the merger of SolAero Merger Sub with and into SolAero, with SolAero being the surviving corporation of the merger and a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Pursuant to the terms of the SolAero Merger Agreement, all of the issued and outstanding shares of SolAero were cancelled in exchange for aggregate consideration of $80,000 in cash, subject to customary adjustments at closing for cash, working capital, transaction expenses and indebtedness, and amounts held back by the Company (the “SolAero Merger Consideration”). In addition, $3,600 of the SolAero Merger Consideration was placed into escrow by the Company in order to secure recovery of any Adjustment Amount (as defined in the SolAero Merger Agreement) and as security against indemnity claims. In connection with the SolAero Acquisition, the Company entered into customary employment or consulting agreements with certain key employees of SolAero.

Acquisition Consideration

The acquisition-date consideration transferred consisted of cash of $76,181. The following table presents estimates of the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed by the Company in the acquisition:


Description	Amount
Cash and cash equivalents	$	7,815
Accounts receivable		12,322
Inventories		19,614
Prepaids and other current assets		3,537
Property, plant and equipment		27,364
Intangible assets		32,900
Right-of-use assets - operating leases		1,128
Right-of-use assets - finance leases		16,174
Restricted cash		3,293
Trade payables		(8,856	)
Accrued expenses		(9,334	)
Contract liabilities (1)		(26,464	)
Non-current operating lease liabilities		(1,128	)
Non-current finance lease liabilities		(15,874	)
Other assets and liabilities, net		(958	)
Identifiable net assets acquired		61,533
Goodwill		14,648
Total purchase price	$	76,181

_________________________

The following is a summary of preliminary identifiable intangible assets acquired and the related expected lives for the finite-lived intangible assets:


Type	Estimated Life in Years	Fair Value
Developed technology	14	$	10,000
In-process technology	N/A		800
Capitalized software	3		5,400
Customer relationships	12		9,000
Trademark and tradenames	12		4,700
Backlog	2		3,000
Total identifiable intangible assets acquired		$	32,900

Goodwill of $14,648 was recorded for the SolAero Acquisition, representing the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets. Goodwill recognized primarily represents the future revenue and earnings potential and certain other assets which were acquired, but that do not meet the recognition criteria, such as assembled workforce. The goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes as, prior to the merger, SolAero held tax deductible goodwill in excess of the amount recorded.

The Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 includes revenues of $19,954 and $40,057 and operating loss of $2,300 and $3,231, respectively, related to the SolAero acquisition. The Company recognized $89 and $307 of acquisition and integration related costs that were expensed for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. These costs are included in the consolidated statement of operations in the line item entitled “Selling, General and Administrative Expense.”

Measurement Period

During the measurement period, the Company will continue to obtain information to assist in determining the fair value of net assets acquired, which may differ materially from these preliminary estimates. Measurement period adjustments, if applicable, will be applied in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. Measurement period changes for the ASI, PSC and SolAero acquisitions did not have a material impact to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the second quarter of 2022.

Unaudited Pro Forma Information

The unaudited consolidated financial information summarized in the following table gives effect to the 2022 and 2021 acquisitions assuming they occurred on January 1, 2021. These unaudited consolidated pro forma operating results do not assume any impact from revenue, cost or other operating synergies that are expected as a result of the acquisitions. These unaudited consolidated pro forma operating results are presented for illustrative purposes only and are not indicative of the operating results that would have been achieved had the acquisitions occurred on January 1, 2021, nor does the information project results for any future period.


	As Reported			Acquisitions Pro-Forma (Unaudited)			Consolidated Pro-Forma (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues	$	55,474		$	—		$	55,474
Net loss		(37,417	)		—			(37,417	)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues	$	11,280		$	28,265		$	39,545
Net income (loss)		(16,665	)		912			(15,753	)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues	$	96,177		$	2,454		$	98,631
Net loss		(64,126	)		(1,062	)		(65,188	)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues	$	29,472		$	52,844		$	82,316
Net loss		(32,547	)		(2,519	)		(35,066	)

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 the following financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy as follows:


	June 30, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market accounts	$	504,038	$	—	$	—	$	504,038
Total	$	504,038	$	—	$	—	$	504,038
Liabilities:
Other non-current liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	1,800	$	1,800
Total	$	—	$	—	$	1,800	$	1,800


	December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market accounts	$	635,269	$	—	$	—	$	635,269
Total	$	635,269	$	—	$	—	$	635,269
Liabilities:
Other non-current liabilities:
Public and Private Warrants (Note 11)	$	58,227	$	—	$	—	$	58,227
Total	$	58,227	$	—	$	—	$	58,227

The estimated fair value amounts shown above are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company would realize upon disposition, nor do they indicate the Company’s intent or ability to dispose of the financial instrument.

There were no transfers between fair value measurement levels during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

INVENTORIES

Inventories as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consisted of the following:


	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Raw materials	$	31,321	$	21,517
Work in process		50,349		24,166
Finished goods		4,013		2,221
Total inventories	$	85,683	$	47,904

PREPAIDS AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Prepaids and other current assets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consisted of the following:


	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Prepaid expenses and deposits	$	22,345	$	14,787
Government grant receivables		4,301		2,563
Other current assets		7,000		2,104
Total prepaids and other current assets	$	33,646	$	19,454

Property, plant and equipment, NET

Property, plant and equipment, net, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consisted of the following:


	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Buildings and improvements	$	35,446		$	25,075
Machinery, equipment, vehicles and office furniture		56,042			24,848
Computer equipment, hardware and software		6,800			5,617
Launch site assets		12,165			9,611
Construction in process		14,403			22,379
Property, plant and equipment—gross		124,856			87,530
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(27,825	)		(22,191	)
Property, plant and equipment—net	$	97,031		$	65,339

Depreciation expense recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 consisted of the following:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Depreciation expense	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of revenues	$	3,252	$	616	$	5,758	$	1,977
Research and development		536		20		781		116
Selling, general and administrative		376		1,162		718		1,462
Total depreciation expense	$	4,164	$	1,798	$	7,257	$	3,555

Goodwill and Intangible assets, NET

Goodwill

The following table presents the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the Space Systems reportable segment for the six months ended June 30, 2022:


Balance at December 31, 2021	$	43,308
Acquisition		14,648
Measurement period adjustment		325
Balance at June 30, 2022	$	58,281

Intangible Assets

The components of intangible assets consisted of the following as of June 30, 2022:


	June 30, 2022
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Developed Technology	$	55,065	$	(6,345	)	$	48,720
Capitalized software		9,089		(3,588	)		5,501
Customer relationships		16,153		(1,141	)		15,012
Non-compete agreements		218		(118	)		100
Capitalized intellectual property		369		(103	)		266
Trademarks and tradenames		10,109		(519	)		9,590
Backlog		3,491		(950	)		2,541
Patents		176		(3	)		173
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
In-process Technology		2,600		—			2,600
Total	$	97,270	$	(12,767	)	$	84,503

Amortization expense recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively consisted of the following:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of revenues	$	803	$	120	$	1,413	$	236
Research and development		1,711		377		3,365		743
Selling, general and administrative		817		155		1,448		313
Total amortization expense	$	3,331	$	652	$	6,226	$	1,292

The following table outlines the estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets held as of June 30, 2022:


2022 (for the remaining period)	$	6,727
2023		12,613
2024		10,969
2025		9,089
2026		8,910
Thereafter		33,595
Total	$	81,903

10.

LOAN AGREEMENT

Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan

On June 10, 2021, the Company entered into a $100,000 secured term loan agreement with Hercules Capital, Inc. (the “Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan”) and borrowed the full amount under the secured term loan agreement. The term loan has a maturity date of June 1, 2024 and is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company. Payments due for the term loan are interest-only until the maturity date with interest payable monthly in arrears. The outstanding principal bears (i) cash interest at the greater of (a) 8.15% or (b) 8.15% plus the prime rate minus 3.25% and (ii) payment-in-kind interest of 1.25% which is accrued and added to the outstanding principal balance. Prepayment of the outstanding principal is permitted under the loan agreement and subject to certain prepayment fees. In connection with the secured term loan, the Company paid an initial facility charge of $1,000 and the Company will be required to pay an end of term charge of $3,250 upon repayment of the loan. The secured term loan agreement contains customary representations, warranties, non-financial covenants, and events of default. The Company is in compliance with all debt covenants related to its long-term borrowings as of June 30, 2022. As of June 30, 2022, there was $101,515 outstanding under the Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan, of which $2,866 is classified as current in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets, with the remainder classified as long-term borrowing. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had no availability under the Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan.

11.

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE WARRANTS

As part of the closing of the Business Combination, the Company assumed Public Warrants and Private Warrants to purchase up to 10,666,666 shares and 5,600,000 shares of common stock of the Post Combination Company, respectively, which were exercisable at $11.50 per share.

Until settlement, Public Warrants could only be exercised for a whole number of shares. No fractional shares would be issued upon exercise of the Public Warrants. The Public Warrants became exercisable on September 29, 2021, one year from the closing of the Vector initial public offering.

Warrant Redemption

On December 22, 2021, the Company announced the planned redemption of all of its Public Warrants and Private Warrants. On January 20, 2022, the Company extended the redemption date of its public warrants to January 31, 2022. In connection with the redemption, Public Warrants were to be exercised by holders prior to January 31, 2022 either (i) in cash, at an exercise price of $11.50 per share of the Company’s common stock or (ii) on a cashless basis, for 0.2843 shares of common stock per Private Warrant and Public Warrant.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, an aggregate of 10,383,077 Public Warrants were exercised on a cashless basis in exchange for the issuance of 2,951,781 shares and 10,969 Public Warrants were exercised for an aggregate of 10,969 shares of Company common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share, for aggregate cash proceeds to the Company of $126. At the conclusion of the redemption notice period on January 31, 2022, the remaining 270,470 Public Warrants issued and outstanding were redeemed at a price of $0.10 per warrant for aggregate cash payment from the Company of $27. On January 31, 2022, the Public Warrants were delisted from Nasdaq. In addition, during the six months ended June 30, 2022, the 5,600,000 Private Warrants were exercised on a cashless basis for an aggregate of 1,592,080 shares of the Company’s common stock.

The Public Warrants and Private Warrants were remeasured to fair value as of the exercise or redemption date, resulting in a gain of $13,482 for six months ended June 30, 2022.

12.

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Equity Incentive Plans

The Company has a single active equity incentive plan, the Rocket Lab 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”), with the objective of attracting and retaining available employees and directors by providing stock-based and other performance-based compensation. The 2021 Plan provides for the grant of equity awards to officers, employees, directors and other key employees as well as service providers which include incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, unrestricted stock awards, restricted stock units or any combination of the foregoing any of which may be performance based, as determined by the Company’s Compensation Committee. An aggregate of 59,875,000 shares are reserved for the issuance of awards under the 2021 Plan. The number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2021 Plan automatically increases each January 1, beginning on January 1, 2022, by 5% of the outstanding number of shares of common stock on the immediately preceding December 31, or such lesser amount as determined by the plan administrator. The Company was authorized to issue up to 81,919,818 shares of common stock as equity awards to participants under the 2021 Plan as of June 30, 2022. There were 72,613,523 shares of common stock available for grant as of June 30, 2022.

Prior to the Business Combination, the Company maintained the Rocket Lab 2013 Stock Option and Grant Plan (the “2013 Plan”). The 2013 Plan was terminated in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, and accordingly, no shares are available for future issuance under the 2013 Plan following the Closing Date. Upon the consummation of the Business Combination, all outstanding stock options under the 2013 Plan, whether vested or unvested, were converted into options to purchase a number of shares of common stock of the Post Combination Company based on the Exchange Ratio, with a corresponding adjustment to the exercise price such that there was no change to the aggregate exercise price for the options. Similarly, upon consummation of the Business Combination, all outstanding restricted stock units under the 2013 Plan, whether vested or unvested, were converted into a number of restricted stock units of the Post Combination Company based on the Exchange Ratio. The 2013 Plan will continue to govern outstanding awards granted thereunder.

Total stock-based compensation recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 consisted of the following:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Stock-based compensation	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of revenues	$	5,792	$	305	$	9,127	$	604
Research and development		6,350		574		11,376		966
Selling, general and administrative		4,727		410		8,324		809
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	16,869	$	1,289	$	28,827	$	2,379

Options

Options issued to all optionees under the 2013 Plan vest over four years from the date of issuance (or earlier vesting start date, as determined by the board of directors) as follows: 25% on the first anniversary of date of grant and the remaining vest monthly over the remaining vesting term.

As of June 30, 2022, total estimated unrecognized stock compensation expense related to unvested options granted under the 2013 Plan was $434, which is expected to be recognized over the next year.

Restricted Stock Units

During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company granted 8,430,523 and 3,849,635 restricted stock units, respectively, to certain key employees pursuant to the 2013 Plan and 2021 Plan. Performance-based restricted stock units granted in 2021 are subject to both a time-based service vesting condition and a performance-based vesting condition, both of which must be satisfied before the restricted stock units will be deemed vested. The time-based service vesting condition is generally satisfied over a period of approximately four years as the employees provide service. The performance-based vesting condition is only satisfied upon a sale event (e.g., (i) liquidation of the Company, (ii) sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, (iii) a merger, reorganization or consolidation pursuant to which the holders of the Company’s outstanding voting power immediately prior to such transaction do not own a majority of the outstanding voting power of the surviving or resulting entity) or the Company’s initial public offering. The performance-based vesting condition was deemed to have been satisfied in connection with the Business Combination, and the performance-based restricted stock units granted in 2021 are now vesting solely based on time.

As of June 30, 2021, the Company believed it was not probable that the performance condition for the performance-based restricted stock units would be satisfied as such events which would satisfy the performance condition are generally not deemed probable until the event occurs. Accordingly, the Company did not recognize any stock-based compensation expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, for these awards.

As of June 30, 2022, the total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested performance-based restricted stock units granted under the 2013 Plan and 2021 Plan was $83,953 and will be recognized upon vesting.

2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In August 2021, the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2021 ESPP”) was approved to reserve 9,980,000 shares of common stock for issuance for awards in accordance with the terms of the 2021 ESPP. In addition, the number of shares reserved for issuance will ultimately increase on January 1 of each year from 2022 to 2031 by the lesser of (i) 9,980,000 shares of common stock, (ii) 1% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the close of business on the immediately preceding December 31 or (iii) the number of common stock shares as determined by our board of directors. The purpose of the 2021 ESPP is to enable eligible employees to use payroll deductions to purchase shares of common stock and thereby acquire an interest in the Company. Eligible employees are offered shares through a 12-month offering period, which consists of two consecutive 6-month purchase periods. Employees may purchase a limited amount of shares of our stock at a discount of up to 15% of the lesser of the fair market value at the beginning of the offering period or the end of each 6-month purchase period.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, 527,899 shares of common stock were issued under the 2021 ESPP. As of June 30, 2022, 13,962,581 shares remain available for issuance under the 2021 ESPP. Total ESPP stock-based compensation recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 was $891 and $1,659, respectively. As of June 30, 2022, the total unrecognized compensation expense related to the 2021 ESPP was $2,374 and will be recognized over the remaining offering period.

13.

LEASES

The Company has operating and finance leases for properties, vehicles and equipment. The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms of one year to twenty-eight years, some of which include options to extend the lease term, and some of which include options to terminate the lease prior to the end of the agreed upon lease term. For purposes of calculating lease liabilities, lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise such options.

In connection with the SolAero acquisition, the Company assumed finance leases in the aggregate of $16,174. There have been no other material changes in the Company’s lease portfolio since December 31, 2021.

14.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation and Claims

The Company is, and from time to time may be, a party to claims and legal proceedings generally incidental to its business that are principally covered under contracts with its customers and insurance policies. In the opinion of management, there are no legal matters or claims likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Other Commitments

The Company has commitments under its lease obligations (see Note 13).

Contingencies

The Company records a contingent liability when it is both probable that a loss has been incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If these estimates and assumptions change or prove to be incorrect, it could have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Contingencies are inherently unpredictable, and the assessments of the value can involve a series of complex judgments about future events and can rely heavily on estimates and assumptions.

On May 23, 2016, the Company entered into a launch services agreement with a customer to provide three commercial dedicated launches which would deliver the customer’s payloads over the period of 2017 through 2020. Per the terms of the agreement, each dedicated launch shall have a firm fixed price below current launch vehicle costs. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company determined that it was probable that the costs to provide the services as stipulated by the launch services agreement would exceed the fixed firm price of each launch. As such, the Company recorded a provision for contract loss for these three dedicated launches. During the year ended December 31, 2020, one of the three launches occurred. On April 21, 2021, the launch services agreement was amended, resulting in one additional launch and the potential for price increases on the second and third launches dependent on the customer’s desired payload configuration. The provision for contract losses outstanding as of June 30, 2022, which primarily is related to the remaining three remaining launches, was $5,464.

15.

INCOME TAXES

Income tax provision and the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Income tax benefit (provision)	$	2,073		$	(440	)	$	(2,315	)	$	(704	)
Effective tax rate		5.2	%		(2.7	)%		(3.7	)%		(2.2	)%

The tax provisions for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were computed using the estimated effective tax rates projected to be applicable for domestic and international taxable jurisdictions for the full year as adjusted for discrete items arising during each quarter.

The effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate due primarily to a full valuation allowance against our U.S. deferred tax assets, as well as the impact of discrete items that may occur in any given year but which are not consistent from year-to-year.

The Company is not currently under examination by the IRS, state and local, or foreign tax authorities. Due to its net operating loss carryforwards, the Company remains subject to examination for U.S. federal and state jurisdictions for all years beginning with the year ended March 31, 2016. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries are generally subject to examination within four years from the end of the tax year during which the tax return was filed.

No significant changes in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits are expected to occur within the next 12 months.

16.

NET LOSS PER SHARE

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. While outstanding, each series of preferred stock was considered to be a participating security. Therefore, the Company applies the two-class method in calculating its net loss per share for periods when the Company generates net income. Net losses are not allocated to the preferred stockholders, as they were not contractually obligated to share in the Company’s losses.

The holder of each share of common stock has the right to one vote for each share and is entitled to notice of any stockholders’ meeting and to vote upon certain events.

Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common and dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding for the period using the treasury-stock method or the as-converted method, or two-class method for participating securities, whichever is more dilutive. Potentially dilutive shares are comprised of preferred stock, preferred stock warrants, common stock warrants, restricted stock units, stock options, and Earnout Shares issuable upon the achievement of the Stock Price Target (see Note 1). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, there is no difference in the number of shares used to calculate basic and diluted shares outstanding due to the Company’s net loss and potentially dilutive shares being anti-dilutive.

The following table summarizes the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Numerator
Net loss attributable to common stockholders-basic and diluted	$	(37,417	)	$	(16,665	)	$	(64,126	)	$	(32,547	)
Denominator
Weighted average common shares outstanding-basic and diluted		464,719,924			78,961,096			460,630,324			78,893,969
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders-basic and diluted	$	(0.08	)	$	(0.21	)	$	(0.14	)	$	(0.41	)

The following equity shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders because their effect would have been anti-dilutive:


	June 30,
	2022		2021
Legacy Rocket Lab preferred stock		—		283,843,764
Legacy Rocket Lab preferred stock warrants		—		1,123,959
Legacy Rocket Lab common stock warrants		—		585,399
Stock options and restricted stock units		31,193,222		21,357,077

17.

SEGMENTS

The Company reports segment information based on the “management” approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable segments. The Company manages its business primarily based upon two operating segments, Launch Services and Space Systems. Each of these operating segments represents a reportable segment. Launch Services provides launch services to customer on a dedicated mission or ride share basis. Space Systems is comprised of space engineering, program management, spacecraft components, spacecraft manufacturing and mission operations. Although many of the Company’s contracts with customers contain elements of Space Systems and Launch Services, each reporting segment is managed separately to better align with customer’s needs and the Company’s growth plans. The chief operating decision maker evaluates the performance of its reportable segments based on gross profit. For contracts with customers that contain both Space Systems and Launch Services elements, revenues for each reporting segment are generally allocated based upon the overall costs incurred for each of the reporting segments in comparison to total overall costs of the contract. The following table shows information by reportable segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022					2021
	Launch Services			Space Systems		Launch Services			Space Systems
Revenues	$	19,109		$	36,365	$	7,618		$	3,662
Cost of revenues		21,421			29,095		7,829			988
Gross profit (loss)	$	(2,312	)	$	7,270	$	(211	)	$	2,674


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022					2021
	Launch Services			Space Systems		Launch Services		Space Systems
Revenues	$	25,685		$	70,492	$	24,080	$	5,392
Cost of revenues		28,765			58,719		23,695		1,903
Gross profit (loss)	$	(3,080	)	$	11,773	$	385	$	3,489

Management does not regularly review either reporting segment’s total assets or operating expenses. This is because in general, the Company’s long-lived assets, facilities, and equipment are shared by each reporting segment.

18.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

There are three members of our board of directors that are affiliated with three separate entities that are invested in our common stock, two of which individually hold greater than 5% beneficial ownership. Each entity was granted one seat on our board which is filled by a partner of the affiliated entity. On September 14, 2018 and through subsequent closings, Rocket Lab sold an aggregate of 39,575,426 shares of its Series E convertible preferred stock for an aggregate purchase price of $137,739. In connection with this transaction, these entities acquired 3,028,345 of Series E convertible preferred stock for $10,539 and Rocket Lab entered into certain Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, Amended and Restated Voting Agreement, and Amended and Restated First Refusal and Co-Sale Agreement with each of the purchasers of Rocket Lab’s Series E convertible preferred stock, and certain other Rocket Lab stockholders (collectively, the “Investor Agreements”). Such Investor Agreements were subsequently amended and restated in connection with Rocket Lab’s Series E-1 convertible preferred stock financing on May 18, 2020 whereby Rocket Lab sold an aggregate of 5,890,047 shares of its Series E-1 convertible preferred stock for an aggregate purchase price of $20,500. These entities with an affiliated director purchased 1,292,931 shares of Series E-1 convertible preferred stock for $4,499. In connection with the Business Combination, all of the convertible preferred stock was converted into shares of common stock.

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there are no amounts due to or from related parties.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis provides information that management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our condensed consolidated results of operations and financial condition. You should read this discussion and analysis in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. For additional context with which to understand our financial condition and results of operations, see the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes contained therein as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 and related notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 as filed with the SEC on March 24, 2022. Certain amounts may not foot due to rounding. Certain information in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described under the sections entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 as filed with the SEC on March 24, 2022. We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

Overview

Rocket Lab is an end-to-end space company with an established track record of mission success. We deliver reliable launch services, spacecraft design services, spacecraft components, spacecraft manufacturing and other spacecraft and on-orbit management solutions that make it faster, easier and more affordable to access space.

While our business has historically been centered on the development of small-class launch vehicles and the related sale of launch services, we are currently innovating in the areas of medium-class launch vehicles and launch services, space systems design and manufacturing, and on-orbit management solutions. We continue to evaluate opportunities to participate in space data applications and services. Each of these initiatives addresses a critical component of the end-to-end solution and our value proposition for the space economy:

•

Launch Services is the design, manufacture, and launch of orbital rockets to deploy payloads to various Earth orbits and interplanetary destinations.

•

Space Systems is the design and manufacture of spacecraft components and spacecraft program management services, space data applications and mission operations.

Electron is our orbital small launch vehicle that was designed from the ground up to accommodate a high launch rate business model to meet the growing and dynamic needs of our customers for small launch services. Since its maiden launch in 2017, Electron has become the leading small spacecraft launch vehicle delivering 147 spacecraft to orbit for government and commercial customers across 24 successful missions through June 30, 2022. In 2021, Electron was the second most frequently launched rocket by companies operating in the United States and established Rocket Lab as the fourth most frequent launcher globally. Our launch services program has seen us develop many industry-leading innovations, including 3D printed electric turbo-pump rocket engines, fully carbon composite first stage fuel tanks, a private orbital launch complex, a rocket stage that can be configured to convert into a highly capable spacecraft on orbit, and the potential ability to successfully recover a stage from space, providing a path to reusability.

In March 2021, we announced plans to develop our reusable-ready medium-capacity Neutron launch vehicle which will increase the payload capacity of our space launch vehicles to approximately 13,000 kg for launches to low Earth orbit and lighter payloads into higher orbits. Neutron will be tailored for commercial and U.S. government constellation launches and capable of human space flight, enabling us to provide crew and cargo resupply to the International Space Station. Neutron will also provide a dedicated service to orbit for larger civil, defense and commercial payloads that need a level of schedule control and high-flight cadence. Neutron is expected to have the capability of launching nearly all of the spacecraft configurations that we expect to be launched through 2029 and we expect to be able to leverage Electron’s flight heritage, various vehicle subsystems designs, launch complexes and ground station infrastructure.

Our space systems initiative is supported by the design and manufacture of our Photon family of small spacecraft along with a range of components, software and services for spacecraft, including reaction wheels, star trackers, radios, separation systems, solar solutions, command and control software, high voltage space grade battery solutions, and additional products in development to serve a wide variety of sub-system functions.. We entered this market with our acquisition of leading spacecraft components manufacturer Sinclair Interplanetary, and have since expanded our market participation with the acquisitions of Planetary Systems Corporation, SolAero Holdings, Inc. and aerospace software firm Advanced Solutions, Inc. Each of these strategic acquisitions brought incremental vertically-integrated capabilities for our own Photon family of spacecraft and also enabled Rocket Lab to deliver high-volume manufacturing of critical spacecraft components and software solutions at scale prices to the broader spacecraft merchant market. The Photon family of small spacecraft, which are configurable for a range of low Earth orbit, medium Earth orbit, geosynchronous orbit and interplanetary missions enable us to offer an end-to-end mission solution encompassing launch, spacecraft, ground services and mission operations to provide customers with streamlined access to orbit with Rocket Lab as a single mission partner.

Recent Developments

SolAero Acquisition

On January 18, 2022, we closed on the acquisition (the “SolAero Acquisition”) of SolAero Holdings, Inc. (“SolAero”) pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “SolAero Merger Agreement”), dated as of December 10, 2021, by and among the Company, Supernova Acquisition Corp. (“SolAero Merger Sub”), SolAero, and Fortis Advisors LLC as stockholder representative, which provides for, among other things, the merger of SolAero Merger Sub with and into SolAero, with SolAero being the surviving corporation of the merger and a direct, our wholly owned subsidiary. Pursuant to the terms of the SolAero Merger Agreement, all of the issued and outstanding shares of SolAero were cancelled in exchange for aggregate consideration of $80.0 million in cash (the “SolAero Merger Consideration”). In addition, $3.6 million of the SolAero Merger Consideration was placed into escrow by us in order to secure recovery of any Adjustment Amount (as defined in the SolAero Merger Agreement) and as security against indemnity claims. In connection with the SolAero Acquisition, we entered into customary employment or consulting agreements with certain key employees of SolAero.

Neutron Production Complex

We broke ground on the construction of a state-of-the-art rocket production complex where our medium class Neutron launch vehicle will be manufactured.

The 250,000 square foot Neutron production complex is being constructed on a 28-acre site adjacent to the NASA Wallops Flight Facility and Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport on Virginia’s Eastern Shore. The complex will support Neutron production, assembly, and integration, and is expected to bring up to 250 highly-skilled roles to the region. Construction will also soon begin on a launch pad for Neutron at the southern end of Wallops Island, near our existing launch pad for the Electron rocket.

CAPSTONE Mission

Our role in the mission for the Cislunar Autonomous Positioning System Technology Operations and Navigation Experiment (“CAPSTONE”) took place over two phases. First, CAPSTONE was successfully launched to low Earth orbit by Electron in June 2022. At approximately 325 kg of payload mass, the mission was Electron’s heaviest lift to date. From there, our Lunar Photon spacecraft provided in-space transportation, power, and communications to CAPSTONE. This was the first use of Lunar Photon, a high energy variant of the Rocket Lab-designed and built Photon spacecraft. After six days of orbit-raising burns by Lunar Photon’s 3D printed HyperCurie engine, CAPSTONE was deployed on its ballistic lunar transfer trajectory to the Moon in July 2022.

Key Metrics and Select Financial Data

We monitor the following key financial and operational metrics that assist us in evaluating our business, measuring our performance, identifying trends and making strategic decisions.

Launch Vehicle Build-Rate and Launch Cadence

We built approximately eight launch vehicles in 2020 and approximately eight launch vehicles in 2021. We anticipate we will build approximately twelve to fifteen launch vehicles in 2022. Although we experienced a negative impact in 2020 and 2021 as a result of the COVID-19 shutdowns and restrictions on our operations discussed in more detail below under “Key Factors Affecting Our Performance—Covid-19 Considerations,” we believe that the projected growth in build rate subsequent to such COVID-19 restrictions is a positive indicator of our ability to scale our manufacturing operations in support of our anticipated growth rate in revenue in the coming years.

We launched seven vehicles in 2020 and six vehicles in 2021. We have launched four vehicles through the six months ended June 30, 2022 and launched six vehicles through August 11, 2022. The number of launches is an indicator of our ability to convert mission awards into revenue in a timely manner and demonstrate the scalability of our launch operations. Growth rates between launches and total launch service revenue are not perfectly correlated because our total revenue is affected by other variables, such as the revenue per launch, which can vary considerably based on factors such as unique orbit and insertion requirements, payload handling needs, launch location, time sensitivity of mission completion and other factors. Although we experienced a negative impact in 2021 as a result of the COVID-19 shutdowns and restrictions on our operations discussed in more detail below under “Key Factors Affecting Our Performance—Covid-19 Considerations,” we believe that the projected growth in launch rate subsequent to such COVID-19 restrictions is a positive indicator of our ability to scale our launch operations in support of our anticipated growth rate in revenue in the coming years.

Revenue Growth

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

We generated $55.5 million and $11.3 million in revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, representing a year-on-year increase in revenue of approximately 392%. This year-on-year increase primarily resulted from $27.6 million in contributions from acquisitions that closed in the fourth quarter of 2021 and first quarter of 2022, strength in our organic space system products and services representing growth of $5.1 million, and higher launch cadence that delivered growth of $11.5 million.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

We generated $96.2 million and $29.5 million in revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, representing a year-on-year increase in revenue of approximately 226%. This year-on-year increase primarily resulted from $55.3 million in contributions from acquisitions that closed in the fourth quarter of 2021 and first quarter of 2022 and strength in our organic space system products and services representing growth of $9.8 million, and higher launch cadence that delivered growth of $1.6 million.

Revenue Value Per Launch

Revenue value per launch represents the average revenue per launch contract attributable to launches that occurred during a period, regardless of when the revenue was recognized. Revenue value per launch can be a useful metric to provide insight into general competitiveness and price sensitivity in the marketplace. Revenue value per launch can vary considerably, based on factors such as unique orbit and insertion requirements, payload handling needs, launch location, time sensitivity of mission completion and other factors, and as such may not provide absolute clarity with regards to pricing and competitive dynamics in the marketplace.

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

In the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, our revenue value per launch was $6.3 million and $7.2 million, respectively. Meanwhile, cost per launch was $7.1 million and $5.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in cost per launch in the three months ended June 30, 2022 was driven primarily by stock-based compensation charges.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

In the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, our revenue value per launch was $6.3 million and $7.6 million, respectively. Meanwhile, cost per launch was $7.2 million and $5.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in cost per launch in the six months ended June 30, 2022 was driven primarily by stock-based compensation charges.

Backlog

Backlog represents future revenues that we would recognize in connection with the completion of all contracts and purchase orders that have been entered into by our customers, excluding any customer options for future products or services that have not yet been exercised. Contracts for launch services and spacecraft builds typically include termination rights that may be exercised by customers upon advanced notice and payment of a specified termination fee. As of June 30, 2022, our backlog totaled $531.4 million, of which $135.0 million is related to Launch and $396.4 million is related to Space Systems. We expect to recognize approximately 42% of our backlog over the next 12 months and the remainder recognized thereafter.

Key Factors Affecting Our Performance

COVID-19 Considerations

In December 2019, COVID-19 surfaced in Wuhan, China. In response, the World Health Organization (“WHO”) declared a global emergency on January 30, 2020, and several countries initiated travel restrictions, closed borders and implemented social distancing directives, including “shelter-in-place” orders. On March 11, 2020, the WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. As a result of the pandemic, the United States and New Zealand governments shut down various sectors of their respective economies. In the United States, we were deemed an essential service and were not required to shut down our United States’ based operations. In New Zealand, we had to delay certain scheduled launches to a later date. In addition to existing travel restrictions, some locales have imposed and continue to impose prolonged quarantines and further restrict travel, which has, at certain times, significantly impacted the ability of our employees to get to their places of work to produce products, made it such that we are unable to obtain certain long lead time components on a timely basis or at a cost-effective price, and significantly hampered our customers from traveling to our launch facilities to prepare payloads for launch. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and with the health and safety of all our employees and their families in mind, we took and continue to take precautionary measures intended to help minimize the risks of the virus, including temporarily requiring some employees to work remotely and implementing social distancing protocols for all work conducted onsite. In addition, we suspended non-essential travel worldwide for employees and is discouraging employee attendance at other gatherings.

The extent of COVID-19’s effect on our operational and financial performance will depend on future developments, including the duration, spread and intensity of the pandemic, all of which are uncertain and difficult to predict considering the rapidly evolving landscape. At this time, it is not possible to determine the magnitude of the overall impact of COVID-19 on our business. However, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and cash flows.

Rocket Lab has significant operations in Auckland, New Zealand, and while some employees were able to continue their work remotely, certain business operations that require direct labor and physical presence, such as vehicle integration and testing, were suspended during this and will be again under any other Level 4 Alerts. On December 2, 2021, New Zealand replaced the Alert Level system with the COVID-19 Protection Framework. The COVID-19 Protection Framework settings allow businesses to open and operate with greater flexibility while minimizing the virus’ spread. The extent of the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on our operational and financial performance will depend on future developments, including the duration, spread and intensity of the pandemic, all of which are uncertain and difficult to predict considering the rapidly evolving landscape.

Ability to sell additional launch services, space systems service and spacecraft components to new and existing customers

Our results will be impacted by our ability to sell our launch services, space systems services, and spacecraft components to new and existing customers. We have successfully launched Electron 24 times delivering 147 spacecraft to orbit through June 30, 2022. Our spacecraft components have flown on more than 100 spacecraft and our family of Photon spacecraft has been selected for missions to the Moon, Mars and Venus. Our growth opportunity is dependent on our ability to expand our addressable launch services market with larger volumetric and higher mass payloads capabilities of our recently announced medium-capacity Neutron launch vehicle, which will address large commercial and government constellation launch opportunities. Our growth opportunity is also dependent on our ability to win spacecraft constellation missions and expand our portfolio of strategic spacecraft components. Our ability to sell additional products to existing customers is a key part of our success, as follow-on purchases indicate customer satisfaction and decrease the likelihood of competitive substitution. To sell additional products and services to new and existing customers, we will need to continue to invest significant resources in our products and services.

Ability to improve profit margins and scale our business

We intend to continue to invest in initiatives to improve our operating leverage and significantly ramp production. We believe continued reduction in costs and an increase in production volumes will enable the cost of launch vehicles to decline and expand our gross and operating margins. Our ability to achieve our production-efficiency objectives could be negatively impacted by a variety of factors including, among other things, lower-than-expected facility utilization rates, manufacturing and production cost overruns, increased purchased material costs and unexpected supply-chain quality issues or interruptions.

Government expenditures and private enterprise investment into the space economy

Government expenditures and private enterprise investment has fueled the growth in our target markets. We expect the continued availability of government expenditures and private investment for our customers to help fund purchases of our products and services will remain. This is an important factor in our company’s growth prospects.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

Our revenues are derived from a combination of long-term fixed price contracts for launch services and spacecraft builds, and purchase order spacecraft components sales. Revenues from long-term contracts are recognized using either the “point-in-time” or “over-time” method of revenue recognition. Point-in-time revenue recognition results in cash payments being initially accrued to the balance sheet as deferred revenue as contractual milestones are accomplished and then recognized as revenue once the final contractual obligation is completed. Over-time revenue recognition is based on an input measure of progress based on costs incurred compared to estimated total costs at completion. Each project has a contractual revenue value and an estimated cost. The over-time revenue is recognized based on the percentage of the total project cost that has been realized.

Estimating future revenues and associated costs and profit is a process requiring a high degree of management judgment, including management’s assumptions regarding our future operational performance as well as general economic conditions. Frequently, the period of performance of a contract extends over a long period of time and, as such, revenue recognition and our profitability from a particular contract may be affected to the extent that estimated costs to complete are revised, delivery schedules are delayed, performance-based milestones are not achieved or progress under a contract is otherwise impeded. Accordingly, our recorded revenues and operating profit from period to period can fluctuate significantly depending on when the point-in-time or over-time contractual obligations are achieved. In the event cost estimates indicate a loss on a contract, the total amount of such loss is recorded in the period in which the loss is first estimated.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues consists primarily of direct material and labor costs, manufacturing overhead, other personnel-related expenses, which include salaries, bonuses, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, reserves for estimated warranty costs, freight expense and depreciation expense. Cost of revenues also includes charges to write-down the carrying value of inventory when it exceeds its estimated net realizable value, including on-hand inventory that is either obsolete or in excess of forecasted demand. We expect our cost of revenues to increase in absolute dollars in future periods as we sell more launch services, space systems and components. As we grow into our current capacity and execute on cost-reduction initiatives, we expect our cost of revenues as a percentage of revenue to decrease over time.

Because direct labor costs and manufacturing overhead comprise more than 60% of cost of revenues, increasing our production rate resulting in greater absorption of these costs is our most critical cost reduction initiative. Increasing our production rate is a cross-functional effort involving manufacturing, engineering, supply chain and finance.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses consist of research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses.

Research and Development, net

Research and development expense consists primarily of personnel-related expenses, consulting and contractor expenses, validation and testing expense, prototype parts and materials and depreciation expense. We intend to continue to make significant investments in developing new products and enhancing existing products, including but not limited to our medium lift Neutron launch vehicle, Electron’s first stage helicopter recovery, Photon spacecraft features and capabilities, as well as on expanding our portfolio of Spacecraft components and subsystems. Research and development expense will be variable relative to the number of products that are in development, validation or testing. However, we expect it to decline as a percentage of total revenue over time.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for our sales, marketing, supply chain, finance, legal, human resources and administrative personnel, as well as the costs of customer service, information technology, professional services insurance, travel, allocated overhead and other marketing, communications and administrative expenses. We will continue to actively promote our products and therefore we expect to incur expenses related to sales and marketing. We also expect to further invest in our corporate organization and incur additional expenses associated with operating as a public company, including increased legal and accounting costs, investor relations costs, higher insurance premiums and compliance costs. As a result, we expect that selling, general and administrative expenses will increase in absolute dollars in future periods but decline as a percentage of total revenue over time.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net consists primarily of interest expense incurred on debt and interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments balances.

Gain (Loss) on Foreign Exchange

Gain (loss) on foreign exchange relates to currency fluctuations that generate foreign exchange gains or losses on invoices denominated in currencies other than the United States (“U.S.”) Dollar.

Change in Fair Value of Liability Classified Warrants

Change in fair value of liability classified warrants relates to changes in the fair value of warrant liabilities.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations information and data as a percentage of revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands, except percentages):


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022						2021
	$			%			$			%
Revenues	$	55,474			100.0	%	$	11,280			100.0	%
Cost of revenues		50,516			91.1	%		8,817			78.2	%
Gross profit		4,958			8.9	%		2,463			21.8	%
Operating expenses:
Research and development, net		19,165			34.5	%		8,529			75.6	%
Selling, general and administrative		18,952			34.2	%		7,068			62.7	%
Total operating expenses		38,117			68.7	%		15,597			138.3	%
Operating loss		(33,159	)		(59.8	)%		(13,134	)		(116.5	)%
Other income (expense):
Interest expense, net		(2,432	)		(4.4	)%		(275	)		(2.4	)%
Loss on foreign exchange		(3,876	)		(7.0	)%		(126	)		(1.1	)%
Change in fair value of liability classified warrants		—			—	%		(2,448	)		(21.7	)%
Other expense, net		(23	)		—	%		(242	)		(2.1	)%
Total other expense, net		(6,331	)		(11.4	)%		(3,091	)		(27.3	)%
Loss before income taxes		(39,490	)		(71.2	)%		(16,225	)		(143.8	)%
Benefit (provision) for income taxes		2,073			3.7	%		(440	)		(3.9	)%
Net loss	$	(37,417	)		(67.5	)%	$	(16,665	)		(147.7	)%

Revenues


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	55,474	$	11,280	$	44,194		392	%

Revenue increased by $44.2 million, or 392%, for the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021. Launch services revenue was $19.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $11.5 million, or 151%, primarily due to a higher launch cadence, with three launch missions completed in the three months ended June 30, 2022, versus one launch mission completed in the three months ended June 30, 2021. Space systems revenue was $36.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $32.7 million, or 893%, with $27.6 million of that growth attributable to the acquisitions that closed in the fourth quarter of 2021 and first quarter of 2022, and strength in our organic space system products and services that delivered $5.1 million of growth.

Cost of Revenues


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
Cost of revenues	$	50,516	$	8,817	$	41,699		473	%

Cost of revenues increased by $41.7 million, or 473%, for the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021. Launch Service cost of revenues was $21.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $13.6 million or 174%, primarily due to the higher launch cadence referenced above. Space systems cost of revenue was $29.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $28.1 million or 2,845%, primarily due to the acquisitions that closed in the fourth quarter of 2021 and first quarter of 2022. Cost of revenues were also impacted by an increase in stock-based compensation of $5.5 million. Cost of revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2022 increased to 91% of total revenue as compared to 78% during the three months ended June 30, 2021.

Research and Development, Net


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
Research and development, net	$	19,165	$	8,529	$	10,636		125	%

Research and development expense increased by $10.6 million, or 125%, for the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to a $5.8 million increase in stock-based compensation, Neutron development, and increased labor and prototype spend focused on broadening our spacecraft component product portfolio.

Selling, General and Administrative


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
Selling, general and administrative	$	18,952	$	7,068	$	11,884		168	%

Selling, general and administrative expense increased by $11.9 million, or 168%, for the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to a $4.3 million increase in stock-based compensation, increased costs associated with being a public company including higher staff costs, facility related expense and third-party services, in addition to a $1.8 million performance reserve payments related to the ASI acquisition, increased expense due to the acquisitions that closed in the fourth quarter of 2021 and first quarter of 2022, all of which were partially offset by a $2.5 million contingent consideration income due to an adjustment in the estimated fair value of the earnout payment related to our PSC acquisition.

Interest Expense, Net


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022			2021			$ Change			% Change
Interest expense, net	$	(2,432	)	$	(275	)	$	(2,157	)		784	%

Interest expense increased by $2.2 million, or 784%, for the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to the $100.0 million borrowed on June 10, 2021 under the Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan, which bears (i) cash interest at the greater of (a) 8.15% or (b) 8.15% plus the prime rate minus 3.25% and (ii) payment-in-kind interest of 1.25% which is accrued and added to the outstanding principal balance.

Loss on Foreign Exchange


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022			2021			$ Change			% Change
Loss on foreign exchange	$	(3,876	)	$	(126	)	$	(3,750	)		2,976	%

Loss on foreign exchange increased by $3.8 million, or 2,976%, for the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to fluctuations in the foreign exchange of the New Zealand Dollar and its impact on our New Zealand intercompany loan denominated in New Zealand Dollar.

Change in Fair Value of Liability Classified Warrants


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021			$ Change		% Change
Change in fair value of liability classified warrants	$	—	$	(2,448	)	$	2,448		(100	)%

Change in fair value of liability classified warrants expense was $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 as a result of the change in fair value of liability classified preferred stock warrants which were exercised in the third quarter of 2021. The Company had no liability classified warrants as of June 30, 2022.

Other Expense, Net


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022			2021			$ Change		% Change
Other expense, net	$	(23	)	$	(242	)	$	219		(90	)%

Other expense decreased by $0.2 million, or (90)%, for the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021.

Benefit (Provision) for Income Taxes


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021			$ Change		% Change
Benefit (provision) for income taxes	$	2,073	$	(440	)	$	2,513		(571	)%

We recorded income tax benefit of $2.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and a tax provision of $0.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The effective tax rate was 5.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to (2.7)% for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate due primarily to a full valuation allowance against our U.S. deferred tax assets, as well as the impact of discrete items that may occur in any given year but which are not consistent from year-to-year.

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021

The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations information and data as a percentage of revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands, except percentages):


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022						2021
	$			%			$			%
Revenues	$	96,177			100.0	%	$	29,472			100.0	%
Cost of revenues		87,484			91.0	%		25,598			86.9	%
Gross profit		8,693			9.0	%		3,874			13.1	%
Operating expenses:
Research and development, net		32,642			33.9	%		15,607			53.0	%
Selling, general and administrative		42,030			43.7	%		13,692			46.5	%
Total operating expenses		74,672			77.6	%		29,299			99.5	%
Operating loss		(65,979	)		(68.6	)%		(25,425	)		(86.4	)%
Other income (expense):
Interest expense, net		(5,421	)		(5.6	)%		(402	)		(1.4	)%
Loss on foreign exchange		(3,896	)		(4.1	)%		(405	)		(1.4	)%
Change in fair value of liability classified warrants		13,482			14.0	%		(5,478	)		(18.6	)%
Other income (expense), net		3			—	%		(133	)		(0.5	)%
Total other income (expense), net		4,168			4.3	%		(6,418	)		(21.9	)%
Loss before income taxes		(61,811	)		(64.3	)%		(31,843	)		(108.3	)%
Provision for income taxes		(2,315	)		(2.4	)%		(704	)		(2.4	)%
Net loss	$	(64,126	)		(66.7	)%	$	(32,547	)		(110.7	)%

Revenues


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
Revenues	$	96,177	$	29,472	$	66,705		226	%

Revenue increased by $66.7 million, or 226%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. Launch services revenue was $25.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $1.6 million, or 7%, primarily due to a higher launch cadence, with four launch missions completed in the six months ended June 30, 2022, versus three launch mission completed in the six months ended June 30, 2021. Space systems revenue was $70.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $65.1 million, or 1,207%, with $55.3 million of that growth due to the acquisitions that closed in the fourth quarter of 2021 and first quarter of 2022 and strength in our organic space system products and services that contributed $9.8 million.

Cost of Revenues


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
Cost of revenues	$	87,484	$	25,598	$	61,886		242	%

Cost of revenues increased by $61.9 million, or 242%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021. Launch Service cost of revenues was $28.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $5.1 million or 21%, primarily due to the higher launch cadence referenced above. Space systems cost of revenue was $58.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $56.8 million or 2,986%, primarily due to the acquisitions that closed in the fourth quarter of 2021 and first quarter of 2022. Cost of revenues were also impacted by an increase in stock-based compensation of $8.5 million. Cost of revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased to 91% of total revenue as compared to 87% during the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Research and Development, Net


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
Research and development, net	$	32,642	$	15,607	$	17,035		109	%

Research and development expense increased by $17.0 million, or 109%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to a $10.4 million increase in stock-based compensation, $2.6 million in amortization of purchased intangibles, personnel and prototyping related to Neutron development, and increased labor and prototype spend focused on broadening our spacecraft component product portfolio.

Selling, General and Administrative


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
Selling, general and administrative	$	42,030	$	13,692	$	28,338		207	%

Selling, general and administrative expense increased by $28.3 million, or 207%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to a $7.5 million increase in stock-based compensation, $3.6 million increase related to ASI performance reserve payments, $1.3 million of amortization of purchased intangibles, increased costs associated with being a public company including higher staff costs, facility related expense and third-party services, and increased expense due to the acquisitions that closed in the fourth quarter of 2021 and first quarter of 2022.

Interest Expense, Net


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022			2021			$ Change			% Change
Interest expense, net	$	(5,421	)	$	(402	)	$	(5,019	)		1,249	%

Interest expense increased by $5.0 million, or 1,249%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to the $100.0 million borrowed on June 10, 2021 under the Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan, which bears (i) cash interest at the greater of (a) 8.15% or (b) 8.15% plus the prime rate minus 3.25% and (ii) payment-in-kind interest of 1.25% which is accrued and added to the outstanding principal balance.

Loss on Foreign Exchange


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022			2021			$ Change			% Change
Loss on foreign exchange	$	(3,896	)	$	(405	)	$	(3,491	)		862	%

Loss on foreign exchange increased by $3.5 million, or 862%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, primarily due to fluctuations in the foreign exchange of the New Zealand Dollar and its impact on our New Zealand intercompany loan denominated in New Zealand Dollar.

Change in Fair Value of Liability Classified Warrants


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021			$ Change		% Change
Change in fair value of liability classified warrants	$	13,482	$	(5,478	)	$	18,960		(346	)%

Change in fair value of liability classified warrants income increased by $19.0 million, or (346)%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021, primarily as a result of the change in fair value of liability classified warrants assumed in connection with the Business Combination and the preferred stock warrants which were exercised in the third quarter of 2021. The Company had no liability classified warrants as of June 30, 2022.

Other Income (Expense), Net


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022		2021			$ Change		% Change
Other income (expense), net	$	3	$	(133	)	$	136		(102	)%

Other expense decreased by $0.1 million, or (102)%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021.

Provision for Income Taxes


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2022			2021			$ Change			% Change
Provision for income taxes	$	(2,315	)	$	(704	)	$	(1,611	)		229	%

We recorded income tax provision of $2.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and a tax provision of $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The effective tax rate was (3.7)% for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to (2.2)% for the six months ended June 30, 2021. The effective tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate due primarily to a full valuation allowance against our U.S. deferred tax assets, as well as the impact of discrete items that may occur in any given year but which are not consistent from year-to-year.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Since inception, we have funded our operations with proceeds from sales of our capital stock, bank debt, research and development grant proceeds, and cash flows from the sale of our products and services. As of June 30, 2022, we had $542.5 million of cash and cash equivalents. Our primary requirements for liquidity and capital are investment in new products and technologies, the expansion of existing manufacturing facilities, working capital, debt service, acquisitions of complementary businesses, products or technologies and general corporate needs. Historically, these cash requirements have been met through the net proceeds we received through private sales of equity securities, borrowings under our credit facilities, net proceeds received in the Business Combination and payments received from customers.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and payments from customers will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs for at least the next twelve months, although we may choose to take advantage of opportunistic capital raising or refinancing transactions at any time. We will continue to invest in increasing production and expanding our product offerings through acquisitions.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our launch cadence, traction in the market with our space systems offerings, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, the timing and extent of spending to support product development efforts, the introduction of new and enhanced products, the continuing market adoption of our products, the timing and extent of additional capital expenditures to invest in existing and new office spaces and the number of acquisitions of complementary businesses, products or technologies we pursue, if any. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing. In the event that we require additional financing, we may not be able to raise such financing on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital or generate cash flows necessary to expand our operations and invest in continued product innovation, we may not be able to compete successfully, which would harm our business, operations and financial condition.

Additionally, we expect our capital and operating expenditures will increase significantly in connection with ongoing activities as we:

•

increase our investment in marketing, advertising, sales and distribution infrastructure for our existing and future products and services;

•

develop additional new products and enhancements to existing products;

•

obtain, maintain and improve our operational, financial and management performance;

•

hire additional personnel;

•

obtain, maintain, expand and protect our intellectual property portfolio; and

•

operate as a public company.

Indebtedness

Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan

On June 10, 2021, the Company entered into a $100 million secured term loan agreement with Hercules Capital, Inc. (the “Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan”) and borrowed the full amount under the secured term loan agreement. The term loan has a maturity date of June 1, 2024 and is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company. Payments due for the term loan are interest-only until the maturity date with interest payable monthly in arrears. The outstanding principal bears (i) cash interest at the greater of (a) 8.15% or (b) 8.15% plus the prime rate minus 3.25% and (ii) payment-in-kind interest of 1.25% which is accrued and added to the outstanding principal balance. Prepayment of the outstanding principal is permitted under the loan agreement and subject to certain prepayment fees. In connection with the secured term loan, the Company paid an initial facility charge of $1 million and the Company will be required to pay an end of term charge of $3.25 million upon repayment of the loan. The secured term loan agreement contains customary representations, warranties, non-financial covenants, and events of default. The Company is in compliance with all debt covenants related to its long-term borrowings as of June 30, 2022. As of June 30, 2022, there was $101.5 million outstanding under the Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan, of which $2.9 million was classified as current in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets, with the remainder classified as a long-term borrowing. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had no availability under the Hercules Capital Secured Term Loan.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented:


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2022			2021
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	(64,595	)	$	(36,582	)
Investing activities		(84,143	)		(5,699	)
Financing activities		(566	)		97,369
Effect of exchange rate changes		3,858			20
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	(145,446	)	$	55,108

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $64.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 consisted of $64.1 million in operating loss, $32.3 million in non-cash expense and $32.7 million in cash used in operating assets and liabilities. Included in the non-cash expense are $28.8 million in stock-based compensation expense, $13.7 million in depreciation and amortization and $13.5 million in liability-classified warrant income. Included in the cash used in operating assets and liabilities are $16.3 million increase in inventory, $12.9 million increase in accounts receivable and $8.1 million increase in prepaids and other assets.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 of $84.1 million was primarily driven by cash paid for SolAero of $65.1 million and capital equipment and infrastructure investments of $19.1 million. These investments included the build-out of secure office and spacecraft manufacturing lab areas in our Long Beach, California headquarters, which will be used to support classified government programs, Launch Complex 1 in Mahia, New Zealand, where we have now completed our second launch pad and are in process of adding additional support facilities to support launch operations and safety, and our propulsion development and test facility near Auckland, New Zealand, which consolidates and supports all Curie and Rutherford engine testing.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 of $0.6 million was primarily related to $5.5 million payment of contingent consideration related to our ASI acquisition, offset by $5.0 million of net proceeds from our equity offerings which includes proceeds from sale of employees restricted stock units to cover taxes, stock options and employee stock purchase plan and applicable tax withholdings and payments.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as disclosed in our audited financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the SEC on March 24, 2022.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under applicable SEC rules.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily the result of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar, and the functional currency of each of our subsidiaries is either its local currency. The assets and liabilities of each of our subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at each balance sheet date and operations accounts are translated using the average exchange rate for the relevant period. Decreases in the relative value of the U.S. dollar to other currencies may negatively affect revenue and other operating results as expressed in U.S. dollars. Foreign currency translation adjustments are accounted for as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders’ equity. Gains or losses due to transactions in foreign currencies are reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of operations under the line item “Gain (Loss) in Foreign Exchange.” Materially all of our revenues are denominated in U.S. dollars and we have not engaged in the hedging of foreign currency risk to date, although we may choose to do so in the future. As such, a 10% or greater move in exchange rates versus the U.S. dollar could have a material impact on our financial results and position.

Interest Rate Risk

We had cash and cash equivalents of $542.5 million as of June 30, 2022, comprised of operating accounts and money market instruments. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes and have not used any derivative financial instruments to manage our interest rate risk exposure.

Emerging Growth Company Status

In April 2012, the JOBS Act was enacted. Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Thus, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards and to adopt certain of the reduced disclosure requirements available to emerging growth companies. As a result of the accounting standards election, we will not be subject to the same implementation timing for new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies which may make comparison of our financials to those of other public companies more difficult.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (our principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (our principal financial officer), as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

As required by paragraph (b) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based upon such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) were not effective as of June 30, 2022 as a result of the material weaknesses discussed below.

Previously Identified Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

In connection with the audit of Rocket Lab as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020, we previously identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. The material weaknesses were related to management’s review of schedules and reconciliations, sufficiency of accounting resources and review, oversight of third-party specialists and controls over the segregation of duties and access to relevant financial reporting systems.

In response to the material weaknesses, management completed the following remediation actions:

•

We began a formal risk assessment process to identify and evaluate risks relevant to financial reporting objectives.

•

We implemented a training program addressing internal control over financial reporting, including educating control owners regarding the requirements of each control.

We determined that the material weaknesses continued to exist as of December 31, 2021. We have begun the process of, and we are focused on, designing and implementing effective internal controls measures to improve our internal control over financial reporting and remediate the material weakness. Our efforts include a number of actions:

•

We are actively recruiting additional personnel, in addition to engaging and utilizing third party consultants and specialists to supplement our internal resources and segregate key functions within our business processes, if appropriate;

•

We are designing and implementing additional review procedures within our accounting and finance department to provide more robust and comprehensive internal controls over financial reporting that address the relative financial statement assertions and risks of material misstatement within our business processes; and

•

We are designing and implementing information technology and application controls in our financially significant systems to address our relative information processing objectives.

While these actions and planned actions are subject to ongoing management evaluation and will require validation and testing of the design and operating effectiveness of internal controls over a sustained period of financial reporting cycles, we are committed to the continuous improvement of our internal controls over financial reporting and will continue to diligently review our internal control over financial reporting.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Other than as discussed above with respect to the remediation efforts for identified material weaknesses, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising from the ordinary course of business. Our management believes that there are currently no claims or actions pending against us, the ultimate disposition of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the SEC on March 24, 2022.

Item 2. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits



Exhibit Number	Description
10.1‡	Employment Agreement, dated April 11, 2022, between Rocket Lab USA, Inc. and Arjun Kampani (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by Rocket Lab USA, Inc. on May 2, 2022).

10.2*	Rocket Lab USA, Inc. Amended and Restated Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy

31.1*	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act rules 13a-14 or 15d-14.

31.2*	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act rules 13a-14 or 15d-14.

32.1*†	Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act rules 13a-14(b) or 15d-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

101.INS*	Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104*	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Filed herewith.

† The certification furnished in Exhibit 32.1 hereto is deemed to be furnished with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and will not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the Registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.

‡ Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	ROCKET LAB USA, INC.

August 11, 2022	By:	/s/ Peter Beck
		Peter Beck
		President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
		(Principal Executive Officer)

August 11, 2022	By:	/s/ Adam Spice
		Adam Spice
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)