Sarcos Technology & Robotics Corp - Annual Report: 2022 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022

OR

Commission File Number 001-39897

SARCOS TECHNOLOGY AND ROBOTICS CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

650 South 500 West, Suite 150

Salt Lake City, Utah, 84101

(Address of principal executive offices)

(888) 927-7296

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YES ☐ NO ☒

As of June 30, 2022, the last day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the closing price of the shares of common stock on the New York Stock Exchange, was approximately $331.8 million.

As of March 1, 2023 the registrant had 154.3 million shares of Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents

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Explanatory Note

On September 24, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Rotor Acquisition Corp. ("Rotor"), a Delaware corporation, consummated the previously announced business combination (the “Business Combination”) pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 5, 2021 (the “Original Merger Agreement”), by and among Rotor, Rotor Merger Sub Corp., a Delaware corporation and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Rotor (“Merger Sub”), and Sarcos Corp., a Utah corporation (“Old Sarcos”), and Amendment No. 1 to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of August 28, 2021 (the “Amendment” and the Original Merger Agreement, as amended, the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Rotor, Merger Sub and Old Sarcos. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Business Combination between Rotor and Old Sarcos was effected through the merger of Merger Sub with and into Old Sarcos, with Old Sarcos continuing as the surviving corporation (the “Merger”) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Rotor. On the Closing Date, Rotor changed its name to Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation.

For more information on the Business Combination, see Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 8, Reverse Recapitalization, in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

References to the “Company,” "Sarcos," “we,” “us,” and “our” in this report refer to Old Sarcos before the consummation of the Business Combination and to Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation (together with its subsidiaries) after the consummation of the Business Combination, as the context suggests. In addition, where identified or the context clearly indicates, this Annual Report on Form 10-K contains historical information about Rotor before the Business Combination.

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse capitalization, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Under this method of accounting, Rotor is treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the financial statements of the combined entity represent a continuation of the financial statements of Old Sarcos with the Business Combination being treated as the equivalent of Old Sarcos issuing stock for the net assets of Rotor, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Old Sarcos and Rotor are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Business Combination are those of Old Sarcos.

Summary Risk Factors

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those highlighted in Part I Item 1A Risk Factors of this Report. The following is a summary of the principal risks we face:

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PART I

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in this Report constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements relate to expectations for future financial performance, business strategies or expectations for our business. Specifically, forward-looking statements may include statements relating to:

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These forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this Report and our management’s current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of judgments, risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any subsequent date, and, in any event, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include those factors described in Part I Item 1A Risk Factors of this Report. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of the assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. Our Risk Factors are not guarantees that no such conditions exist as of the date of this report and should not be interpreted as an affirmative statement that such risks or conditions have not materialized, in whole or in part.

In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this Report, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.

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Item 1. Business.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the information about us contained elsewhere in this Report, including the information set forth in our consolidated financial statements and the related notes. Some of the information contained in this section or set forth elsewhere in this Report, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You should read Part I Item 1A Risk Factors and the section titled “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and throughout this Report.

Overview

We are a technology leader in the design, development and manufacture of advanced robotic systems and solutions that redefine human possibilities. Our mission is to increase worker productivity and longevity and prevent injuries through robotics. Our robotic systems are designed to augment and increase human productivity by combining human intelligence, instinct and judgment with the strength, endurance and precision of machines. We aim to bring the benefits of robotics to dynamic and unstructured environments (i.e., environments that change or that require our robotic systems to perform different tasks at different times in different places, especially outdoor environments). To do this, we design our robotic systems to be mobile, dexterous and adaptable through the use of flexible hardware designs and intelligent software. Our core systems consist of the Guardian XM (formerly known as the Sapien 6M), Guardian XT and Guardian Sea Class teleoperated/semi-autonomous systems and the Guardian XO exoskeleton. Our teleoperated/semi-autonomous systems are comprised of mobile robotic arms, sensing, wireless communications, control stations with intuitive human-robot interfaces and application-specific end-of-arm attachments (end-effectors), such as grippers, drills or spray nozzles. We create our solutions by combining our systems with use-case specific features and components, which may include third-party hardware, such as lifts, bucket trucks and underwater remotely operated vehicles, or ROVs, as well as use-case specific hardware designs, software and end-effectors.

In general, the use-cases we are targeting are currently being done by humans, at times with the aid of generic industrial equipment like a crane or forklift, and involve dangerous or injury-prone activities in areas experiencing, and expected to continue to experience, labor shortages. As a result, we believe our systems and solutions will increase safety and reduce injuries, prolong careers, broaden the pool of available workers by equalizing physical capabilities and increase productivity. While taking advantage of our proprietary intelligent software, humans continue to be an essential part of our systems’ operation, whether through teleoperation, supervised autonomy or directly operating the robot (e.g., by wearing an exoskeleton). In this way, human jobs and health are preserved while increasing productivity and helping to address labor shortages in our target markets. While we ultimately expect our systems and solutions to benefit a wide variety of markets, we are currently focusing our systems and solutions on use-cases in the aviation, construction, defense, maritime, power and utility and solar energy industries.

We adapt our teleoperated/semi-autonomous core systems for specific use-cases based on the capabilities and characteristics of each system to create solutions. We may also combine aspects of multiple systems or create a specific system for a particular solution. For example, we currently expect that the next version of our solar field construction solution will be a hybrid of our Guardian XM and Guardian XT systems, and the baggage-handling solution we are developing uses a specific system designed for that solution. Our product development efforts are led by a highly experienced robotics team, with some members of our engineering team having worked together for over 20 years. We also benefit from more than $375 million in research and development investment in our proprietary technologies and an extensive patent portfolio. Much of our technology we leverage across our systems and solutions. For example, various technologies and inventions developed for the Guardian XO have been incorporated into the Guardian XT.

Combined with our advanced, success-based learning artificial intelligence, or AI approach, our supervised autonomy software framework uses multi-modal sensor data to optimally perceive, interact, and conceptualize dynamic, unstructured environments to harness the power of real-time and learned-behavior data inputs that allow our robotic systems and solutions to successfully execute task-specific autonomy in unstructured environments. Our advanced, success-based AI enables human workers’ flexibility, creativity and improvisation skills to deliver improved workflow performance and safer interactions between humans and machines in unstructured environments.

Based on interest shown by our development customers and potential commercial customers in purchasing our systems and solutions, we have decided to offer our products primarily through a sales business model where the customer purchases a system or solution for a one-time, upfront amount. As a result, we do not expect the Robot-as-a-Service (RaaS) model that we had previously planned to apply to our Guardian XO and Guardian XT systems to be a focus of our business model going

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forward. We also plan to offer software upgrades and additional capabilities and to offer for sale add-on hardware components (such as additional interchangeable end-effectors).

History and Corporate Information

Sarcos is the result of a decades-long effort in research and development of robotic systems and solutions. Our original predecessor was spun-out of the University of Utah in 1983. In 2007, our predecessor was acquired by Raytheon and was operated until 2014 as a division of Raytheon known as Raytheon Sarcos. During this period, Raytheon Sarcos was focused primarily on developing cutting-edge technologies for use by U.S. governmental agencies. In December 2014, the assets of Raytheon Sarcos were acquired by a consortium led by the former Raytheon Sarcos President and our current Chief Innovation Officer Dr. Fraser Smith and technology and telecom entrepreneur Benjamin Wolff, our former Chief Executive Officer and current member of the Board of Directors. This acquisition was the basis for the establishment of Old Sarcos, which was incorporated in Utah in February 2015 as Sarcos Corp. On September 24, 2021, we completed the Business Combination whereby Old Sarcos became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Rotor Acquisition Corp. and Rotor Acquisition Corp. changed its name to Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation.

In April 2022, we acquired RE2, Inc., a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania based robotics company. The acquisition added engineering talent, technology, products and customers and expanded the potential use-cases and target markets we can address.

Our principal executive offices are located at 650 South 500 West, Suite 150, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84101. Our telephone number is 888-927-7296.

Company Website

We maintain a company website with the address www.sarcos.com. We are not including the information contained on our website as a part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make available free of charge through the www.sarcos.com website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish such material to, the SEC. These reports and other information are also available, free of charge, at www.sec.gov. In addition, our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available through the www.sarcos.com website and any amendments to or waivers of the Code of Conduct will be disclosed on that website.

Industry Background

Evolution of Robotics

Industrial robots have been commercially available and used in industrial and manufacturing environments for many decades. They are typically large, stationary machines designed to automate repetitive tasks in a controlled environment (e.g., a factory assembly line) that require speed and strength greater than what a human can accomplish. For manufacturing tasks, industrial robots generally execute plans by rote programming (functions that are programmed in advance by a human engineer).

Over time, industrial robots have become more sophisticated. Industrial robots have seen widespread adoption in a host of applications and have gained acceptance across many industries. However, these heavy industrial robots generally require workspaces to be configured around them and large safety cages to protect workers on the factory floor, consume significant amounts of power and space, are substantially less agile and versatile than humans and are difficult and costly to move from one location to another. These characteristics typically limit the number of use-cases to highly routinized tasks. As a result, two new categories of products, called collaborative robots, or cobots, and automated mobile robots, or AMRs, are gaining market traction.

Advances in tangential technologies such as grippers, vision systems, cloud computing, augmented reality, or AR, and artificial intelligence, or AI, have led to the broader adoption and commercial viability of cobots and AMRs. These advances have offered increased safety and operational flexibility, allowing robots to be deployed safely alongside humans, disrupting the historical industrial robotics industry and labor markets while offering more advanced capabilities than earlier models. However, neither cobots nor AMRs are designed to perform tasks in dynamic or unstructured environments, especially outdoors. As with their predecessors, they are tools of automation, designed and programmed to perform routinized tasks. They also generally lack human-like dexterity and the ability to lift and manipulate heavy objects.

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Robotic exoskeletons are also not a new concept. They have been a staple of science fiction for decades. General Electric was the first to try to move the concept from fiction to reality with its experimental Hardiman exoskeleton debuting in the 1960s. Early versions of full-body, powered exoskeletons were reliant on hydraulic power supplies connected via a cord or hydraulic lines, which greatly restricted the mobility and the number of use-cases. They also consumed large amounts of power, making it impractical to use these early versions on an untethered basis. More recently, partial-body, powered exoskeletons have primarily been deployed for healthcare and rehabilitative uses. Partial-body, non-powered devices (called passive exoskeletons) have been adopted for passive support functions such as assisting parts-assembly workers when performing repetitive, overhead manual labor. Unlike these commercial predecessors, powered, full-body industrial robotic exoskeletons seek to combine human intelligence and mobility with the strength, endurance and precision of traditional industrial robots by allowing humans and robots to operate as a single unit, substantially augmenting a typical worker's capabilities while reducing the risk of occupational injuries.

Manual Labor Market

Historically, many industries have been dependent on manual human labor and heavy equipment (such as forklifts or cranes) for physically demanding tasks. Human limitations, such as strength, potential for injury and limited reach, and equipment inflexibility, such as size constraints, power needs and limited or narrow functionality, create costly inefficiencies. Relying on human labor sources also has considerable financial and safety costs, which impact both businesses and workers. Workplace accidents and fatigue caused by heavy lifting and working at-height have significant detrimental effects on a workforce’s productivity and can cause extensive bodily harm to human workers.

Challenges to the labor market include:

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The Sarcos Approach

We design our robotic systems and solutions to augment human performance by combining human intelligence, instinct and judgment with the strength, endurance and precision of machines to enhance human safety and productivity while addressing many of the labor market’s challenges mentioned above. We aim to bring the benefits of robotics to dynamic, unstructured work environments involving dangerous or physically demanding tasks by moving humans from doing the task themselves to being an operator or supervisor of a robotic system or, in the case of exoskeletons, enhancing human capabilities to reduce the risk of physical injury by having the human and the robotic system operate as one unit. Our robotic systems and solutions combine technologically-advanced robotic hardware with advanced intelligent software, along with human operation or supervision, to increase capability, precision and productivity beyond unassisted human capabilities. As a result, we believe our robotic systems and solutions will provide the following benefits (in some cases, depending on the system):

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We expect that our systems and solutions can benefit a wide variety of markets, including the aerospace and aviation, construction, defense, distribution and warehousing, industrial manufacturing, maritime, mining, power and utilities and solar energy industries, among others. Based on product testing and trials and customer feedback, we expect our robotic systems and solutions to increase productivity across a variety of use-cases, while significantly reducing the risk, and associated costs, of employee injuries.

We believe that our core strength is in the design and development of highly complex and technologically advanced robotic systems and solutions, including associated software. As a result, we may integrate our systems with readily available third-party products, such as lifts, bucket trucks, ROVs and other components as part of creating solutions for specific markets or use-cases. Our technological innovations include or will include:

Our Systems, Solutions and Software

Summary

Our core robotic systems consist of: the Guardian XM, the Guardian XT, the Guardian Sea Class and the Guardian XO. Based on product development progress, combined with our views of market readiness and demand, we are currently focused on the commercialization of three of our core robotic systems: the Guardian XM, Guardian XT and Guardian Sea Class. We have begun production of initial commercial versions of the Guardian XM and Guardian XT robotic systems and offer both for sale.

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We believe that we will also begin production of the initial commercial version of the Guardian Sea Class during 2023, and therefore we also offer that system for sale. During 2022, as a result of supply chain constraints, product readiness and perceived market demand, we decided to focus on the development and commercialization of the Guardian XM and Guardian XT rather than the Guardian XO. We used that time as an opportunity to do a full product evaluation of the Guardian XO and determined that it required additional development before commercialization, in particular with regards to weight and additional safety enhancements. Although this will result in further delays in the commercialization of the Guardian XO, we continue to develop the system for commercialization and reap the benefits of our product development work on the Guardian XO as we apply its technology to our other systems and solutions. We have also seen meaningful market demand for our Guardian Sea Class system and, as that system is nearing commercial readiness, have decided to also focus on the commercialization of that system.

In addition, we offer for sale our Guardian S remote-controlled visual inspection and surveillance robotic system and our Guardian HLS heavy-lift pneumatic rescue and recovery system designed in collaboration with the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) to lift armored tactical vehicles and other substantial payloads when the speed, timing and accuracy of operations are crucial. Our Guardian GT system is a custom product in the early stages of development and is being designed to be similar to the Guardian XT, but much larger in size. We expect future development and production of the Guardian GT to be on a bespoke basis in collaboration with each customer desiring the product. These systems are not currently a focus of our commercial efforts, and we do not expect the Guardian S, Guardian HLS or Guardian GT systems to comprise a meaningful part of our future revenue.

Core Robotic Systems

Guardian XM

The Guardian XM system is an intelligent robotic manipulator that offers speed, dexterity, precision and strength in a compact, lightweight package. With six degrees of freedom, an optimized strength-to-weight ratio, embedded intelligence and a hardware design that can withstand extreme temperatures and environmental conditions, the Guardian XM system can be used for a variety of complex outdoor and indoor applications. It is compatible with our autonomy software, enabling semi-autonomous mobile manipulation in structured environments, such as in a factory with controlled lighting, and in unstructured environments like outdoor construction sites. When human-in-the-loop control is required, the Guardian XM system can be teleoperated. Key features of the Guardian XM system include:

Guardian XT

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The Guardian XT is a highly-dexterous, mobile robotic system designed to combine robotic strength and precision with human judgment and ingenuity via teleoperation and increase productivity and worker safety in dangerous, complex and unstructured industrial environments. Its versatile design enables mounting to various third-party mobile and lift platforms and allows operators to control their trade tools remotely while working at height, overhead or at ground level. The Guardian XT is based on the upper body of the Guardian XO exoskeleton and is designed to be a one- or two-armed system that is platform-agnostic and attachable to various mobile bases. The two-armed Guardian XT system can lift and manipulate up to 200 lbs. and accomplish precision tasks under various conditions. Key features of the Guardian XT system include:

We are also developing a variant of the Guardian XT for the U.S. military, the Guardian DX, for defense logistics and maintenance applications.

Guardian Sea Class

The Guardian Sea Class robotic system is designed to provide human-like manipulation capability in complex underwater environments. Whether used for commercial applications or military operations, the system can reduce the need to put divers in the water and can explore depths that are unsafe for humans. An electromechanical system that can stay submerged for up to two hours at a time, it remains fully operational in depths up to 1 kilometer. The system is a one- or two-armed system that is integrated into third-party ROVs from major manufacturers and that can be teleoperated or operated through optional semi-autonomous control. The electromechanical system’s low-power stand-by state enables the use of mobile power sources and helps extend run time for enhanced productivity. Key features of the Guardian Sea Class system include:

Guardian XO

The Guardian XO is a full-body, powered exoskeleton designed to augment user strength, endurance and precision without materially restricting freedom of movement. We expect that the Guardian XO will enable the operator to safely lift significantly

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more than the 35-40 lbs. typically recommended by OSHA with small effort in a wide range of use-cases and industrial processes. The Guardian XO’s advanced sensing and control system is designed to provide both responsiveness and fluidity of movement, making it user-friendly and intuitive to operate.

The Guardian XO is intended to enhance productivity, mitigate worker fatigue, reduce the risk of workplace injuries and democratize the labor force by augmenting the capabilities of individuals otherwise physically unable to perform the required tasks. We believe the Guardian XO has the potential to revolutionize the way work gets done in a variety of industries, such as aerospace/aviation, automotive, construction, defense, distribution and warehousing for ecommerce and other industries, industrial manufacturing, maritime and power and utilities.

Key features of the Guardian XO will include:

Solutions

To address the needs of our near-term target markets, we are developing use-case specific solutions:

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Software

Our robotic systems and solutions are the combination of advanced robot technology and software. As a result, our software is a critical part of our systems and solutions and our ability to create robotic solutions for dynamic, unstructured environments. In part with initial funding from the U.S. Airforce, we have developed and are developing software leveraging artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies that is designed to optimize the significant capabilities of our robots. Among other things, we are developing our software to enable:

Each of our robotic systems and solutions comes with a baseline software package that enables basic operation and useability of the system, teleoperation and semi-autonomous capabilities, cybersecurity, controls and communications. For our market and use-case specific solutions, we will also include additional software designed to meet the base requirements of the particular use-case. In either case, for customers who want additional features, we will sell or license upgrades to the baseline package. For example, we intend to offer supervised autonomy as an incremental service. Combined with our advanced, success-based learning AI approach, our supervised autonomy software framework uses multi-modal sensor data to optimally perceive, interact, and conceptualize unstructured environments to harness the power of real-time and learned-behavior data inputs that allow the applicable robotic systems to successfully execute task-specific autonomy in unstructured environments. Our advanced, success-based AI enables human workers’ flexibility, creativity and improvisation skills to deliver improved workflow performance and safer interactions between humans and machines in unstructured environments. Other enhancements that we intend to develop and offer include advanced teleoperation capabilities, task libraries (predefined data

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sets, tools, inferencing models and scripts for controlling specific workflow execution) and fleet management and remote monitoring to allow a human operator to remotely control or supervise several robots from a central control location.

Further, we are exploring opportunities to sell and license our software separate from our own robots for use in third-party systems. We anticipate that this will largely be done through a software-as-a-service license model.

Robot Service Platform

We refer to the combination of our software and the web-based portal we are developing to enable customers to monitor and configure the robotic systems and solutions they purchase as our “robot service platform.” We are designing our robot service platform to enable us to provide customers with additional data analytics, operational tools, systems diagnostics, bug fixes and software upgrade deployment and other features, as well as a web-based portal where the customer can access information and request upgrades.

Market Opportunity

In the long run, we believe that we will be able to offer robotic systems and solutions that will benefit many markets and industries. As a result, we believe that the global total addressable market, or TAM, for our robotic systems and solutions is large and will reach approximately $600 billion in 2029, which we estimated based on independent third-party research regarding the TAM for the solar power, construction, aerospace/aviation and maritime markets. Of the global TAM, we estimate our global serviceable addressable market, or SAM, will be approximately $9.3 billion in 2029. Finally, we believe that our global serviceable obtainable market, or SOM, will be approximately $1.2 billion by 2029, which is calculated as 13.5% of 2029 global SAM and assumes that our products will penetrate the Early Adopters phase of the Rogers' Innovation-Adoption Lifecycle by 2029. We assume that our initial customer base will be comprised of innovators and early adopters in the industries we are targeting. Following successful deployment with these early adopters, we believe that there will be many potential customers that are fast-followers.

The 2029 TAM and SAM estimates for our principal target industries were: (1) solar power - $373.8 billion and $334 million, respectively; (2) construction - $156.2 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively; (3) aerospace/aviation - $68.6 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively; and (4) maritime - $8.0 billion and $4.5 billion, respectively. Other than construction, each 2029 industry TAM estimate is from independent third-party research. To calculate the construction TAM, we projected from 2023 TAM using a 2023-2030 compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, where the 2023 TAM and 2023-2030 CAGR are from independent third-party research. To calculate each 2029 industry SAM, we projected from 2023 or 2024 industry SAM, which are from commissioned third-party research, using the industry CAGRs from the independent third-party TAM research, and assume the following: (a) average selling price (ASP) of $127,000 for each industry except maritime, where we assume $590,000 ASP, and (b) no material change in SAM from 2023 to 2024. Furthermore, global SAM assumes target markets in (a) 13 countries (Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States) for solar power; (b) the same 13 countries plus Canada and Norway for maritime; (c) the same 13 countries for commercial aerospace/aviation and the United States only for defense aerospace/aviation; and (d) the United States only for construction. We believe our estimates are based on reasonable assumptions given our technology's leadership position in the category of industrial, highly-dexterous mobile robotic systems, the general lack of directly competitive products in this new category, our plans to further differentiate our products via AI-enabled performance enhancing software and our interactions with leading industrial companies across a number of verticals. However it is possible that these assumptions will proved incorrect, and, as a result, actual results and market sizes may deviate materially from our estimates. See Part I Item 1A Risk Factors - “Our operating and financial projections rely on management assumptions and analyses. If these assumptions or analyses prove to be incorrect, our actual operating results may be materially different from our forecasted results.”

In the near-term, due to a combination of size, growth opportunities and our current product portfolio, we have decided to focus our commercialization efforts on six primary markets and related use-cases: aviation, construction, defense, maritime, power and utility and solar energy. Further, we believe that many of the potential customers within these markets for the solutions we are currently commercializing have additional use-cases beyond what we are currently targeting that we could choose to address in the future as we continue to develop our systems and solutions to expand their capabilities and applications.

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Growth Strategy

The key elements of our growth strategy include:

Focused Effort on Commercialization

We will continue to focus on the commercialization of select systems and solutions to increase speed to market and accelerate market penetration by targeting specific use-cases, while demonstrating our ability to sell, manufacture and service our products. We believe this will prove the benefits of our systems and solutions in everyday working conditions while confirming market demand and achieving and growing product revenue.

Continue to Develop our Robotic Systems and Solutions

We plan to pursue continuous improvement of our current systems and solutions and to develop additional systems and solutions over time. We believe that as we show the commercial viability and benefits of our products in our initial target markets and use-cases, customers and potential customers will want to use robotics, and specifically our products, to address other use-cases that previously have not been conducive to automation. As our products are highly complex, we want to ensure that we continue to develop new systems and solutions to address new markets and use-cases, and thereby grow our business.

Continued Investment in Innovation

We will continue to invest significant resources in developing proprietary technologies across hardware, firmware, software and controls to commercialize our robotic systems and solutions. We expect our research and development activities to focus on areas such as human-like dexterity with augmented strength and reach, energetic autonomy, safety, intelligent AI-based software, simulations/mixed reality and natural extended reality interactions between humans and robots. We believe that these investments will be critical to our future growth as we seek to expand the capabilities of our systems and to create new solutions to address new markets and use-cases, as well as to sell upgrades and additional functionality to previous customers.

Capital Efficient Manufacturing

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We have decided to focus on a standard product sales model for our robotic systems and solutions instead of the robot-as-a-service, or RaaS, model we previously expected to pursue particularly for the Guardian XO and Guardian XT. The standard sales model has the benefit of reducing our capital requirements since we do not need to wait to recover our production costs over many months or years of RaaS subscription payments. As a result, we expect that our capital requirements will be reduced and that we can manufacture our systems and solutions in a more capital efficient manner.

We plan to engage one or more contract manufacturing partners and that, over time, our manufacturing partner(s) will be responsible for most of our manufacturing. We believe that leveraging the core strengths of a contract manufacturing partner will have the long-term benefits of increased speed to market, high-quality volume production and the ability to scale more quickly to meet demand, as well as potentially decreasing supply chain costs, reducing delays and expanding our supplier-base. Further, we would not need to build large-scale manufacturing facilities and incur the up-front capital investment and the recurring fixed costs and overhead that would be required for us to own and operate such manufacturing facilities. We expect outsourced manufacturing to allow us to focus on our core competencies while significantly reducing overall risk and give us the flexibility to quickly scale volumes up or down to match demand levels since we can leverage an established manufacturing operation and supply chain. See “—Manufacturing and Suppliers” below.

Collaborate with Development Customers to Expand Target Markets

We have engaged, are engaging and intend to engage in the future with development customers in various industries, including aerospace/aviation, construction, defense, utilities, solar, distribution and warehousing, industrial manufacturing, maritime and power and utilities. In many cases, these development customers pay us to develop our products, and this constitutes the bulk of our services revenue. This allows us to reduce our net loss and use of cash while continuing product development efforts to improve and commercialize our products, develop new products and establish relationships with potential commercial and government customers that have helped us create products designed to meet their needs. We believe working with these development customers will allow us to accelerate our brand awareness within these and adjacent industries and develop products that will meet the needs of a variety of potential customers. These relationships have already played an important role in helping us select the markets, use-cases and product capabilities we are currently pursuing.

Additionally, while our focus has been primarily on the U.S. domestic market, we intend to explore opportunities in select non-U.S. markets as and when we deem appropriate.

Pursue Selective Strategic Acquisitions and Partnerships

We may pursue strategic acquisitions from time to time that we believe will be complementary to our existing business or otherwise increase the value proposition we deliver to our customers. We may pursue acquisitions that we believe will help us add new or enhanced capabilities or technology, expand our product offering, accelerate customer growth, enter new markets or add talent and expertise to our organization. For example, our acquisition of RE2, Inc. in April 2022 provided many of these benefits, including bringing much needed and hard to hire engineering talent into our company. In addition, the RE2 acquisition has brought us additional technology, products and customers that are key elements of many of our currently targeted markets, use-cases and solutions, such as solar field construction, baggage-handling and maritime.

We may also enter into strategic partnerships from time to time, including to combine our product offerings with those of our partners. For example, we may partner with companies whose products may serve as a mobile base for the Guardian XT or an integrated ROV for the Guardian Sea Class and offer the combined unit as a standalone product or solution. Among other benefits, these partnerships could reduce barriers to customer adoption and use of our products, allow us to leverage the partner’s existing sales and distribution channels or provide lead generation and conversion of additional potential customers for our other product offerings.

Competitive Strengths

Differentiated and Proprietary Technology

We believe our technology distinguishes us from others in the industrial robotics space because our technology seeks to augment, rather than replace, humans by combining human intelligence, instinct and judgment with the strength, endurance and precision of machines. We are a pioneer in the robotic systems industry and benefit from lessons learned over more than 30 years and $375 million in research and development investment in our proprietary technologies, as well as our extensive patent portfolio. We believe that our innovations, including advances in energetic outdoor mobile manipulation, human like dexterity, intelligent AI-based software for controls and outdoor autonomy and immersive teleoperation technology for natural

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extended reality interactions between humans and robots, together with advances in electronics, materials, motors and other components of our products, will enable us to produce machines that do not suffer from historical limitations and are intuitive to use and relatively quick and easy for setup and workflow changeover. We often have opportunities to use technology developed for one system or solution in other systems or solutions. For example, many of the technologies we developed for the Guardian XO have been incorporated into the Guardian XT and our intelligent software for controls and simulations developed for the Guardian XO has been extended to our other core products. See “-Intellectual Property” below.

Early Mover Across Wide Range of Industries

We believe we are creating a new category of industrial robotics – intelligent systems and solutions designed to be mobile, highly-dexterous, used in changing, unstructured environments and capable of different tasks as directed by human operators. We have spent many years working with and listening to people with experience in the industries we expect to target, including advisors and development customers. These early engagements have helped us form relationships with potential customers, helped fund our development efforts and provided critical customer insight and feedback into our development plans and product designs. We believe our early efforts to get this feedback and build these relationships with potential customers situate us well to create robotic systems and solutions that meet customer needs.

Visionary and Experienced Management

We have a proven and experienced team with deep operational expertise in bringing emerging technologies to market. Our team is led by Kiva Allgood, our Chief Executive Officer, who has many years of executive-level, operational experience within global telecommunications and technology companies, including Ericsson and Qualcomm. Our engineering and design efforts are led by a highly experienced robotics team with hundreds of years of cumulative robotics experience, with some members of our engineering team working together for over 20 years. Members of our board of directors have extensive experience across a wide array of disciplines, including experience in many of the industries that we intend to serve and in the production and delivery of complex hardware and software solutions.

Strategic Collaborators

We collaborate or have collaborated with various companies, including development customers, in the development of our systems and solutions, such as Delta Air Lines, Changi Airport Group, Mortensen and Microsoft. Some of the companies with which we have collaborated have also invested in Sarcos. We have also worked closely with the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Department of Energy on the development of some of our products or technologies. We believe these collaborations provide valuable feedback that will enhance our early mover advantage and product development efforts.

Competition

We believe we are developing a new category of industrial robotic systems and solutions that augment, rather than replace, humans. In many cases, our primary competition will be traditional modes of human labor, sometimes assisted with material handling products such as overhead cranes, forklifts and pallet jacks. To overcome potential resistance to innovation and the adoption of new products and ways of working, we must demonstrate to customers the value proposition of our products, including increasing productivity, reducing costly occupational injuries and broadening the pool of available employees by equalizing workers’ physical capabilities to include older and less physically strong workers.

Additionally, our product offerings compete in a broad competitive landscape that includes robotics and automation companies that have both directly competing as well as alternative solutions ranging from exoskeletons, collaborative robots, industrial robots, traditional lift-assist equipment and unmanned robotic vehicles. We also view our competitive landscape to include companies who have different product lines in the automation space, such as ABB Robotics, Siasun Robot & Automation, Teradyne and Berkshire Grey. Also included in our broader competitive landscape are robotic solution suppliers, like Rockwell Automation, Honeywell, Keyence Corporation, COGNEX Corporation and Hexagon AB, which may not have a directly competing product today, but which could become competitors through diversification; these companies have existing customer relationships and channels, as well as significant financial and other resources, that could enable them to emerge as formidable competitors in the future.

The following is a breakdown of the competitive landscape for our core systems and solutions:

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Many of our competitors and potential competitors have products that are commercially available and/or in development. We expect some products currently in development to become commercially available in the next few years. In addition, we compete or may compete with companies that develop artificial intelligence and industrial automation solutions, such as those offered by Hyundai-Boston Dynamics, Grey Matter, Canvas Technology, DroneSense, Intuitive, iRobot, Hahn Robotics, Kuka, Fanuc, Neurala, Ready Robotics, Rethink Robotics and Yaskawa.

Our competitor base may change or expand as we continue to develop and commercialize our robotic systems and solutions in the future. These or other competitors may develop new technologies or products that provide superior results to customers or are less expensive than our products. Our technologies and products could be rendered obsolete by such developments. See Part I Item 1A Risk Factors - “We operate in a competitive industry that is subject to rapid technological change, and we expect competition to increase.”

We expect that we will compete on the following factors:

We believe we do and will compete favorably on the basis of these factors; however, our potential competitors may have greater financial, technical, manufacturing and other resources than we have. Our competitors may be able to deploy greater resources

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to the design, development, manufacturing, distribution, promotion, sales, marketing and support of their cobot and industrial robotics programs than we can. Additionally, our competitors may have greater name recognition, longer operating histories, larger sales forces, broader customer and industry relationships and other tangible and intangible resources than we have. These competitors also compete with us in recruiting and retaining qualified research and development, sales, marketing and management personnel, as well as in acquiring technologies complementary to, or necessary for, our products. Additional mergers and acquisitions in the cobot and industrial robotics market may result in even more resources being concentrated in our competitors.

Customers and Partners

We engage with a wide-variety of potential customers in many different industries, including some of the largest companies in our target markets, small and medium-sized businesses and government agencies such as the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Department of Energy. Our development customers include some of the largest enterprises in our target markets, including Delta Air Lines, Changi Airport Group, Mortenson and the U.S. Department of Defense. We have also partnered with such companies as Microsoft and Array.

Through the end of 2022 our customers have primarily been development customers – customers paying us to fund our product research and development efforts. While we expect our revenue to continue to include product development contract revenue, we also expect to begin to see meaningful product sales revenue in 2023 as we begin to sell and deliver commercial versions of our Guardian XM, Guardian XT and Guardian Sea Class systems and solutions. However, we have only recently begun to offer these systems for sale and, while we are having discussions with many potential customers that have expressed strong interest in purchasing our systems and solutions, at this time we do not yet have binding customer sales contracts for the commercial versions of these products.

Research and Development

Our research and development team is comprised of technology experts from fields including controls, perception and simulations engineering, artificial intelligence and machine learning, software/firmware engineering, mechanical and electrical engineering, systems engineering, finite element analysis, human factors and design and applications engineering. Our primary areas of focus in research and development are centered around supervised autonomy solutions, including multi-modal sensor data to optimally perceive, interact and conceptualize unstructured environments. Combined with our advanced, success-based learning AI approach, our supervised autonomy software framework uses the power of real-time and learned-behavior data inputs that enable our robotic systems and solutions to successfully execute task-specific autonomy in unstructured environments.

More specifically, among other things, we are focusing research and development efforts on: for the Guardian XM, supervised autonomy for outdoor environments that enable dexterous manipulation for aviation, solar panel construction, surface preparation and other use-cases; for the Guardian XT, immersive teleoperation technology for natural extended reality interactions between humans and robots and using the motions and task solutions of the human operator to train the system for increasing levels of autonomy; for the Guardian Sea Class, an autonomy solution for multi-modal sensor perception and dexterous manipulation of robotic arms and guidance, navigation and control of an ROV to increase autonomy for underwater applications; and for the Guardian XO, optimized bipedal walking controllers and supervised learning techniques to develop a novel, stable motion control framework to enable a hybrid use of the Guardian XO (either with or without a human operator).

Our research and development efforts also include our DfX (design for excellence) work, including comprehensive design for manufacturing, design for cost and procurement, design for testing and design for assembly. These efforts are aimed at ensuring the manufacturability, serviceability and robustness of our products.

Our research and development expenses were $34.1 million and $17.5 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively, (which does not include the research and development expenses of RE2 prior to the acquisition on April 25, 2022). Our customer first, collaborative approach is a cornerstone of our research and development processes.

Intellectual Property

Our research and development efforts over many years has resulted in significant intellectual property. Our ability to create, obtain and maintain intellectual property is important to our business. We rely upon a combination of protections afforded to owners of patents, copyrights, trade secrets and trademarks, along with employee and third-party non-disclosure agreements and other contractual restrictions to establish and protect our intellectual property rights.

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We pursue patent protection at times when we believe we have developed a patentable invention and the benefits of obtaining a patent outweigh the risks of making the invention public through patent filings. Our patents and patent applications are focused primarily on robots and robotic systems, including wearable exoskeletons to enhance human operations, humanoid robots, teleoperated robots, mobile platform-based robotic arms, teleoperated robots, unmanned ground robots and end-effectors, including patents in the areas of safety, robot vision, sensors, power efficiency, control strategies and cybersecurity. We also have patents and patent applications covering technology in the fields of counter-attack unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) for enemy drone neutralization, various micro-camera and other medical devices, augmented reality, sensors, valves, motors, actuators and others.

As of February 2023, we had approximately 90 issued and unexpired U.S. patents and approximately 100 issued and unexpired international patents, as well as approximately 135 patent applications filed in the United States or internationally. Many of our previously issued patents have expired, with others set to expire on dates ranging from 2023 to 2040, exclusive of any patent term adjustment or patent term extension. We do not know whether all of our pending patent applications will result in issued patents, or whether the examination process will require a narrowing of claimed subject matter. Furthermore, in light of the highly active fields of technology in which we are involved, particularly the field of robotics, our patents and pending patent applications may not provide us with broad-level protection.

In an effort to protect our brand, we also pursue the registration of our domain names and various trademarks in the United States and in select international locations.

Sales and Marketing

We currently offer for sale our Guardian XM, Guardian XT and Guardian Sea Class systems through a direct sales model. We focus our sales and marketing efforts on industries that we believe show a strong potential for growth and a significant need based on worker shortage, limited innovations for their tasks (such as for outdoor tasks in unstructured environments) and risk of injury. Due to their size and their potential opportunity and willingness to be early adopters, we generally direct our sales efforts toward leading companies in the industries and markets we target as we believe these companies have the potential and ability to serve as referenceable customers and drive additional sales. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we also target small and medium-sized businesses and government agencies such as the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Department of Energy. We intend to continue to invest in our sales and marketing efforts in support of the commercialization of our robotic systems and solutions.

We intend to pursue strategic relationships with systems integrators, companies with complementary technologies, software application providers, distributors and consulting firms to expand the channels in which our robotic systems and solutions are marketed. We believe working with these partners will accelerate our brand awareness within various industries and provide complementary capabilities and differentiation that will attract new customers while helping us expand our customer base.

We expect that initial sales of our robotic systems and solutions will be a standard sales model where the customer pays an upfront amount to purchase the system or solution, rather than the RaaS leasing model that we previously expected to pursue particularly with our Guardian XO and Guardian XT systems. We had expected the RaaS model to be enticing to customers for a variety of reasons, though we had expected to follow a sales model for the Guardian XM, Guardian Sea Class and other products that were part of the Sapien product line acquired from RE2. However, based on interest shown by our development customers and potential commercial customers in purchasing our systems, we have decided to pursue a standard sales model and we expect that our product revenue will primarily result from standard product sales. As a result, while we could consider a RaaS or other model for a particular customer, we do not expect the RaaS model to be a focus of our business model going forward. We expect that the standard sales model will enable us to reduce our capital requirements as we will not need to bear the upfront manufacturing costs associated with building our systems and solutions and then wait to recover those costs over many months or years of RaaS subscription payments.

With respect to our software, to the extent we are successful in commercializing it separately from our robotic systems and solutions, we expect to favor a software-as-a-service (SaaS) model that would result in a recurring revenue stream, though we will also consider one-time sales. Similarly, we would also favor a SaaS model but consider one-time sales for software upgrades. We expect to continue discussions with potential customers to ultimately determine the appropriate model for us in light of market conditions.

Manufacturing and Suppliers

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We believe we can manufacture 300-500 systems per year in our current facilities, depending on the mix. However, we do not expect to use all of that capacity in 2023, especially after engaging a contract manufacturing partner to provide additional capacity and expertise. While we currently do not anticipate high-volume production by a contract manufacturing partner to be in place until at least the end of 2023, we have signed an agreement and begun initial engagement activities with a contract manufacturing partner. We expect that this contract manufacturing partner will initially focus on helping us produce sub-systems for the Guardian XT.

We believe that leveraging the core strengths of a contract manufacturing partner will have the long-term benefits of increased speed to market, high quality volume production and the ability to scale more quickly to meet demand, as well as potentially decreasing supply chain costs, reducing delays and expanding our supplier-base. Further, we would not need to build large-scale manufacturing facilities and incur the up-front capital investment and the recurring fixed costs and overhead that would be required for us to own and operate such manufacturing facilities. We expect outsourced manufacturing to allow us to focus on our core competencies while significantly reducing overall risk and give us the flexibility to quickly scale volumes up or down to match demand levels since we can leverage an established manufacturing operation and supply chain. See above discussion under “Growth Strategy - Capital Efficient Manufacturing.”

We maintain a diverse set of suppliers. Most of our suppliers are based in the United States and we often target suppliers that are local to our facilities, though we also pursue consolidation of suppliers between facilities when we deem it more cost-effective or to otherwise be beneficial. Most of our supplier relationships are purchase order based and we do not have many long-term supply contracts. In some cases, we have sole source (where the component is only available from a single vendor, often as a result of customization for our use) or single source (where we purchase from a single vendor but there are alternative sources of the component) suppliers. We seek to minimize our dependence on sole or single source suppliers in order to reduce risk in our supply chain, including the risk of losing a sole or single source supplier due to bankruptcy, discontinuing production of the particular component or some other reason.

Government Regulation

We are subject to various U.S. federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the occupational health and safety of our employees and wage regulations, including the requirements of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act, as amended, or OSHA, and comparable state laws that protect and regulate employee health and safety.

We are also subject to U.S. laws and regulations that may limit and restrict the export of some of our products and services and may restrict our transactions with certain customers, suppliers, business partners and other persons. These laws and regulations may include outright prohibitions or export license requirements. We must also comply with export restrictions and laws imposed by other countries affecting trade and investments to the extent applicable. We maintain export compliance controls and procedures but there are risks that these compliance controls might not be effective, in which case we could be exposed to legal liabilities. Compliance with these laws has not significantly limited our sales or other transactions with third parties but could significantly limit them in the future. Changes in, and responses to, U.S. trade policy could reduce the competitiveness of our products and cause our sales to drop or make it difficult or impossible to enter affected markets, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

Our robotic platforms must comply with the rules of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with respect to: any radio frequency, or RF, spectrum utilized for such components as the remote control or teleoperation system; the power level and frequency of any RF energy emitted (intentionally or otherwise); and any conditions imposed by the FCC on the device certification(s) issued to us or to third parties for any modular transmitters installed in our products. Such rules require, among other things, specific consumer disclosures with respect to RF emissions and proper installation and operation of the device components and any modular transmitters in our products.

We are subject to requirements under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 that will require us to diligence, disclose and report whether our products contain conflict minerals. The implementation of these requirements could adversely affect the sourcing, availability and pricing of the materials used in the manufacture of components used in our products.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings. We are not currently a party to or aware of any proceedings that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results

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of operations. Regardless of outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

Human Capital

Our employees are critical to our success. As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately 280 full-time and part-time employees with the majority of our employees based in the Salt Lake City, Utah and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania areas. We also engage consultants and contractors to supplement our permanent workforce on an as-needed basis. Approximately 45% of our employees are involved in engineering functions, including research and development. To date, we have not experienced any organized work stoppages and consider our relationship with our employees to be good. None of our employees are subject to a collective bargaining agreement or represented by a labor union.

Facilities

We currently operate in a corporate and manufacturing facility in Salt Lake City, Utah consisting of approximately 61,000 square feet, and in three facilities in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The lease of our Salt Lake City facility expires in May 2033 and has two options to extend the lease for a three-year period each. The leases for our facilities (or portions thereof) in Pittsburgh, including outdoor test space and indoor office, test, manufacturing, production and warehouse space, expire in August 2023, March 2025 and June 2025, with various renewal or extension options. We believe that should we need additional or different space we will be able to obtain such space on commercially reasonable terms.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors.

You should carefully consider the following risk factors, in addition to the other information contained in this Report, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes. If any of the events described in the following risk factors and the risks described elsewhere in this Report occurs, our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially harmed. This Report also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of factors that are described below and elsewhere in this Report or other risks that we currently deem immaterial or that may be unknown to us. References in this Item 1A Risk Factors to financial information as of dates or for periods ended on or prior to April 25, 2022 do not include the financial information of RE2 as of those dates or for those periods.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

We are an early stage company with a history of losses, and expect to incur significant expenses for the foreseeable future.

We incurred a net loss of $157.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and a net loss of $81.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. We believe that we will continue to incur operating and net losses until 2025 at the earliest. Even if we are able to successfully develop our robotic systems and solutions and attract customers for commercial sales, we may not become profitable. Our potential profitability is dependent upon the successful development and successful commercial introduction and adoption on a larger scale of our robotic systems and solutions and our ability to lower production costs as we achieve economies of scale through high-volume production, none of which may occur.

We expect that we will continue to incur losses in future periods as we:

Because we will incur costs and expenses from these efforts before we receive incremental revenue with respect thereto and because we are early in the commercialization of our products, we expect that our losses in future periods will continue to be significant until we start to achieve significant product sales and associated revenue. In addition, we may find that these efforts are more expensive than we currently anticipate or that these efforts may result in less than expected or no additional revenue, which would further increase our losses.

We have yet to achieve positive operating cash flow, and our ability to generate positive cash flow is uncertain.

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We had negative cash flow from operating activities of $65.4 million and $42.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We expect to continue to have negative cash flow from operating and investing activities until 2025 at the earliest as we expect to incur research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses and make capital expenditures in our efforts to commercialize our products, increase sales, engage in continuous development work and ramp up operations. Our business also will at times require significant amounts of working capital to build inventory and support the growth of additional products. An inability to generate positive cash flow for the near term may adversely affect our ability to raise capital for our business on reasonable terms, diminish supplier or customer willingness to enter into transactions with us and have other adverse effects that may decrease our long-term viability. We may not achieve positive cash flow in the near future or at all.

If we fail to effectively manage our growth, we may not be able to design, develop, manufacture, market and launch our robotic systems and solutions successfully.

We intend to invest significantly in order to expand our business. Any failure to manage our growth effectively could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. As we grow our business, we will need to manage the following activities, among others:

We may need to hire a significant number of additional personnel, including engineers, design and production personnel and service technicians for our robotic systems and solutions. Because of the innovative nature of our technology, individuals with the necessary experience have not been, and likely will continue not to be, readily available to hire, and as a result, we will need to expend significant time and expense to recruit and retain experienced employees and appropriately train any newly hired employees. Competition for individuals with experience designing, producing and servicing dexterous robots and their software is intense, and we may not be able to attract, integrate, train, motivate or retain additional highly qualified personnel. Further, since December 2021, we have hired a significant number of new employees, including Kiva Allgood, our CEO, in December 2021, and Andrew Hamer, our CFO, in October 2022, and other senior employees, as well as over 100 employees as a result of our acquisition of RE2 in April 2022. Integrating a large number of new employees in a short time can cause disruptions to processes, projects, culture, priorities and a company as a whole. New employees may not perform as expected or may not fit culturally, and long-term employees may not embrace new leaders, priorities, methods, processes or other changes and may decide to leave or may not perform as well as in the past. Further, we face these and other risks as a result of our acquisition of RE2. See “The success of our acquisition of RE2, Inc. is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including integration risks.” Any failure to attract, integrate, train, motivate and retain employees or difficulty adjusting to a

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larger organization with new leadership and a large number of new employees could significantly delay our product development and commercial release and materially harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

The success of our acquisition of RE2, Inc. is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including integration risks.

In April 2022, we completed our acquisition of RE2, Inc. We believe that RE2's business is complementary to ours, and that both RE2 and Sarcos have benefitted and will benefit from the combination of the two companies. While we have largely integrated RE2 into our business and organization, some integration activities continue. As a result, we continue to be subject to integration risks, such as risks associated with combining two organizations and cultures in two different geographies, integrating certain systems, combining product lines and technologies and achieving the expected benefits of the acquisition. While we believe that both organizations share common values and cultures and that the acquisition will help us expand our product portfolio, serve additional markets and further our product development efforts, integration involves significant risk and management attention. If we are not able to successfully continue to integrate RE2 and achieve the expected benefits of the acquisition while managing the development and commercialization of our products, commercialization of our products could be delayed, which would adversely impact our ability to generate revenue, our overall profitability and our operating performance.

Our operating and financial projections rely on management assumptions and analyses. If these assumptions or analyses prove to be incorrect, our actual operating results may be materially different from our forecasted results.

We are a development stage company, with very limited experience commercializing our products. Our projected financial and operating information reflect estimates of future performance and are based on multiple business, financial, technical and operational assumptions, including timely hiring of additional skilled personnel, timing of commercial launch of our robotic systems and solutions, the level of demand for our robotic systems and solutions, the size of our target markets, the performance of our robotic systems and solutions, the utilization of the robot fleet, product pricing, the useable life of the robotic systems and solutions, cost of manufacturing, cost of components and availability of adequate supply, number of systems that will need to be manufactured in each batch, the nature and length of the sales cycle, maintenance and servicing costs and the costs of refurbishing the robotic systems. However, given our limited commercial experience, it is likely that many of these assumptions will prove incorrect. Projections and other statements about future expectations are forward-looking statements that are inherently subject to significant risks, uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control (in addition to the information contained in these Risk Factors, see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”). Some of these risks, uncertainties and contingencies that could determine whether actual operating and financial results and business developments will be consistent with our expectations and assumptions include:

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Unfavorable changes in any of these or other factors could cause us to fail to meet our operating and financial projections and could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Commercialization of our core systems and solutions may be delayed beyond our current expectations and therefore initial delivery to customers and receipt of anticipated revenue could be delayed.

We began production of the initial commercial version of our Guardian XM in September 2022 and production of the initial commercial version of our Guardian XT in December 2022, and we currently expect these systems to be available for delivery to customers beginning in the first half of 2023. We currently expect to begin production of the initial commercial version of our Guardian Sea Class in the second half of 2023, to be available for delivery to customers beginning in the second half of 2023. We have prioritized commercialization of these systems due to our expectations regarding customer demand, product readiness and our efforts to minimize supply chain risks. As a result, although we continue our development efforts with respect to the Guardian XO, we do not believe we will begin production of the initial commercial version of the Guardian XO until sometime after 2023. We continue to experience supply chain challenges, including increases in the cost of and interruptions in the supply or availability of components, parts and materials, including long lead-times. There are significant risks and challenges that could delay our continued development efforts and production of commercial systems and solutions, and therefore delivery to customers could be delayed beyond current expectations, including:

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Our current estimates for completion of our pre-commercialization development efforts and the commencement of production and delivery of commercial systems to customers of the Guardian XM, Guardian XT, Guardian Sea Class and Guardian XO are dependent on our ability to continue to hire and retain qualified employees and the availability of components on a timely basis. In addition, we have seen a significant increase in personnel and materials costs due to shortages of qualified personnel in the labor market and general inflationary pressures. Geopolitical events and macro-economic conditions, such as the continuing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine, inflation and high interest rates, and responses thereto are also contributing to supply shortages and price increases. Over the past year we have experienced, and we continue to experience, challenges in both of these areas, which have negatively impacted our product development schedules and progress. We expect these challenges to continue and, if they do and if we are unable to effectively mitigate their impact, it is likely that we will be unable to meet our currently expected timelines.

Also, if ongoing product testing demonstrates that our systems and solutions have not been designed or assembled to deliver the performance, reliability and/or safety that we expect, production of commercial systems and solutions and therefore delivery to customers may be delayed as we work to address the deficiencies. For example, we continue to re-design and develop the Guardian XO to reduce its weight, increase its safety features and incorporate customer feedback prior to commercial launch while we prioritize the commercialization of the Guardian XM, Guardian XT and Guardian Sea Class, as well as certain solutions. Delays in the commercial production, sale and delivery of our products will result in a commensurate delay in revenue and profitability. As a result, our results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, delays in developing and releasing products with the performance, reliability and/or safety we and our potential customers are expecting could materially harm our reputation and lead potential customers to seek alternative solutions. If we experience further delays in the commercial release of our products, our results of operations and financial condition would be further adversely affected, perhaps materially.

We are dependent on our suppliers, some of which are currently single, sole or limited source suppliers, and any inability of these suppliers to deliver necessary components of our products at the prices, volumes, performance, timing and specifications acceptable to us, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. We have not yet identified all of the suppliers that we are likely to rely on to support future commercialization of our products.

We rely on third-party suppliers for the provision and development of many of the key components and materials used in our products. We have not yet identified all of the suppliers, contractors and other third parties that we are likely to rely on to support the future commercialization of our products. While we plan to obtain components from multiple sources whenever possible, some of the components used in our products may have to be purchased by us from a single source and some may only be available from a sole source, for example, if we have developed custom components with a supply partner. If our third-party suppliers are unable to supply key components and materials in the required volumes, at the needed times or at acceptable prices, our sales, revenue and profitability will likely be adversely affected and we may not be able to meet our obligations to customers. Our third-party suppliers may also not be able to meet the specifications and performance characteristics required by us, which would impact our ability to achieve our product specifications and performance characteristics as well. Additionally, our third-party suppliers may be unable to obtain required certifications or provide warranties for their products that are necessary for our solutions. If we are unable to obtain components and materials used in our products from our suppliers, our business would be adversely affected.

We have less negotiating leverage with suppliers than larger and more established companies and may not be able to obtain favorable pricing and other terms. For example, agreements with suppliers may include terms that are unfavorable to us, such as requirements that we order components and manufacture systems and solutions in excess of our demand due to minimum order quantity requirements or minimum price thresholds. While we believe that we may be able to establish alternate supply relationships and can obtain or engineer replacement components for our single source components, we may be unable to do so in time to support our production needs, or at all, or at prices or quality levels that are favorable to us. Further, we may not be able to develop satisfactory alternatives to sole-sourced components. Any inability to find satisfactory alternatives to our single- and sole-sourced component suppliers, whether due to bankruptcy of the supplier, a decision to discontinue manufacturing the component or for any other reason, could affect our costs and component availability and have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Moreover, we and our suppliers are currently experiencing increases in the cost of and an interruption in the supply or shortage of materials. We have experienced and are experiencing significant lead-times, delays, costs and quality issues with the supply of our parts, materials and components. It is unclear how long these challenges will remain. Due to the complexity of our products, each system contains several thousand components. Difficulty securing components and materials has resulted and could continue to result in delays in the development of the Guardian XO and could result in delays in the development of our other products, which delays could be compounded if components or products require redesign or reengineering, as discussed

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under “Commercialization of our core systems and solutions may be delayed beyond our current expectations and therefore initial delivery to customers and receipt of anticipated revenue could be delayed.” Any sustained supply interruption or shortage or cost increases that result in our products being priced beyond what customers are willing to pay would prevent or delay the commercialization of our products or require us to sell products at a loss until we are able to reduce costs, whether through volume production synergies or otherwise, either of which could materially and negatively impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. We and our suppliers use various materials in our businesses and products, including for example semiconductors, energy storage materials, commodity materials and specialty metal alloys, and the prices for these materials fluctuate. The available supply of some of these materials and components is currently and may continue to be unstable, depending on market conditions and global demand, and could adversely affect our business and operating results. Risks relating to our supply chain also include:

Our business is dependent on the continued supply of lithium-ion battery cells. While we have sourced a supplier of such cells, that supplier is a sole-source supplier and is not obligated to provide such cells to us, and in any event may not be able or willing to meet all our requirements, especially as we commercialize our products. Any disruption in the supply of battery cells from such supplier could disrupt production of our products. Furthermore, fluctuations or shortages in raw materials or components and other economic conditions may cause us to experience significant increases in freight charges and material costs. Substantial increases in the prices for our materials, such as those charged by battery cell suppliers, would increase our operating costs, and could reduce our margins if the increased costs cannot be recouped through increased system or solution sales prices. Any attempts to increase prices in response to increased material costs could result in cancellations of orders and reservations and therefore materially and adversely affect our brand, business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We have very limited experience commercializing our products and may not be able to do so efficiently or effectively.

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Although we have sold products to individual customers in the past, we have very limited experience commercializing robotic systems and solutions at a large scale and may not be able to do so efficiently or effectively. Moreover, commercialization may be delayed due to the challenges discussed under “Commercialization of our core systems and solutions may be delayed beyond our current expectations and therefore initial delivery to customers and receipt of anticipated revenue could be delayed.” A key element of our long-term business strategy is the continued growth in sales, marketing, training, customer service and maintenance and servicing operations, including hiring personnel with the necessary experience. Managing and maintaining these operations is expensive and time consuming, and an inability to leverage such an organization effectively or at all could inhibit potential sales or subscriptions and the penetration and adoption of our products into new markets. In addition, certain decisions we make regarding staffing in these areas in our efforts to maintain an adequate spending level while responsibly managing our financial resources could have unintended negative effects on our revenue, such as by weakening the sales, marketing and maintenance and servicing infrastructures or lowering the quality of customer service.

Our business plans require a significant amount of capital. Our future capital needs may require us to sell additional equity or debt securities that may dilute our stockholders or introduce covenants that may restrict our operations or our ability to pay dividends.

Although we believe we have sufficient capital to fund our business for at least the next 12 months, we may seek additional financing during that time to bolster our cash reserves and ensure our ability to continue to pursue our business objectives. Our current business plans will require us to secure additional financing prior to achieving positive operating cash flows, and we do not anticipate achieving positive operating cash flows until 2025 at the earliest. Even after achieving positive operating cash flows, we may need to raise significant amounts of additional capital to fund our business thereafter, including to finance ongoing research and development costs, manufacturing, any significant unplanned or accelerated expenses and new strategic alliances or acquisitions. The fact that we have limited experience commercializing our robotic systems and solutions on a large scale, coupled with the fact that our products represent a new product category in the commercial and industrial robotics market, means we have limited to no historical data on the demand for our robotic systems and solutions. In addition, we expect our capital expenditures to continue to be significant in the foreseeable future as we complete the design, testing and launch of commercial products, and that our level of capital expenditures will be significantly affected by customer demand for our robotic systems and solutions. As a result, our future capital requirements are uncertain and actual capital requirements may be different from those we currently anticipate. We may need to seek equity or debt financing to finance a portion of our capital expenditures, and such financing might not be available to us in a timely manner or on terms that are acceptable, or at all.

Our ability to obtain the necessary financing to carry out our business plan is subject to a number of factors, including general market conditions and investor acceptance of our business model. These factors may make the timing, amount, terms and conditions of such financing unattractive or unavailable to us. If we are unable to raise sufficient funds, we will have to significantly reduce our spending, delay or cancel our planned activities or substantially change our corporate structure. We might not be able to obtain any funding, and might not have sufficient resources to conduct our business as projected, both of which could mean that we would be forced to curtail or discontinue our operations.

In addition, our future capital needs and other business reasons could require us to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain a credit facility. The sale of additional equity or equity-linked securities could dilute our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in debt service obligations and could result in operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations.

If we cannot raise additional funds when we need or want them, our operations, prospects and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

Our core products represent a new product category, and important assumptions about market demand, pricing, adoption rates and sales cycles for our current and future products may be inaccurate.

Our industrial highly-dexterous mobile robotic systems and solutions, including our core products the Guardian XM, Guardian XT, Guardian Sea Class and Guardian XO, are a new product category in markets that are currently dominated by conventional manual systems and automation. The market demand for and adoption of our products is unproven, and important assumptions about the characteristics of targeted markets (including our estimates of our total addressable market, serviceable addressable market and serviceable obtainable market), pricing (including our analysis of potential customers’ willingness to pay), manufacturing capacity and capabilities and sales cycles (including the timing of achieving commercial sales volumes and associated manufacturing cost synergies) may be inaccurate. Although we have engaged in ongoing dialogue with potential customers, we have no outstanding binding commitments with customers to purchase commercial versions of our core systems or solutions. Existing or new regulatory or safety standards, or resistance by customer employees and labor unions, all of which are outside of our control, could cause delays or otherwise impair adoption of our products, which could materially and

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adversely affect our growth, operating results, financial condition and prospects. Given the evolving nature of the markets in which we operate, it is difficult to predict customer demand or adoption rates for our products or the future growth of the markets we expect to target. If one or more of the targeted markets experience a shift in customer demand, whether due to new solutions that better address customer needs or otherwise, our products may not compete as effectively, if at all, and they may not be fully developed into commercial products. If demand does not develop as estimated or if we cannot accurately forecast pricing, adoption rates and sales cycle for our products, our business, results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected, perhaps materially.

With many of our products still under development, we have limited current customers and no binding orders for the commercial versions of our core systems and solutions, and expected customer trials and discussions with respect to those products may not result in binding orders.

Although we have begun production of the initial commercial versions of the Guardian XM and Guardian XT systems, the initial commercial versions of the Guardian Sea Class and Guardian XO, as well as our initial solution products, are still under development. With the initial commercial versions of core products having recently begun production or still under development, we have limited current development customers and no binding customer commitments for the commercial version of these products. At present, we have contracts for delivery of pre-commercial systems with U.S. government customers and we also have had and currently have revenue generating contracts with both commercial and U.S. government customers for the development and testing of certain of our systems and solutions. Although we have engaged in dialogue with potential customers about their interest in these core products, expected customer trials and discussions may not result in binding purchase orders. We have limited knowledge of the customer testing that will be required in order for customers to adopt our robotic systems. As such, customer testing may take longer than anticipated by us, and we may not be able to provide such testing to the satisfaction of prospective customers, which could result in longer sales cycles and fewer orders than anticipated. In addition, in order to build and maintain our business, we must maintain confidence among customers, suppliers, analysts, ratings agencies and other parties in our robotic systems and solutions, long-term financial viability and business prospects. Maintaining such confidence may be particularly complicated by certain factors including those that are largely outside of our control, such as our limited commercial experience, customer unfamiliarity with our products, any delays in scaling production, ability of manufacturing and service operations to meet demand, competition and uncertainty regarding the future of robotics. If we do not receive a sufficient number of binding purchase orders for our core products, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results would be materially and adversely affected.

The benefits of our products to customers and projected return on investment have not been substantiated through long-term trials or use.

The benefits to customers and projected return on investment of our products have not been substantiated through long-term trials or use. We currently have a limited frame of reference by which to evaluate the performance of our robotic systems and solutions upon which our business prospects depend, and our products may not provide the expected benefits to customers. Our robotic systems and solutions may not perform consistent with customers’ expectations or consistent with other robotics products which may become available. Any failure of our robotic systems and solutions and software to perform as expected could harm our reputation and result in adverse publicity, lost revenue, order cancellation, harm to our brand, delivery delays, product recalls, product liability claims and significant warranty and other expenses and could have a material adverse impact on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. Additionally, problems and defects experienced by competitors or others in the robotics market could, by association, have a negative impact on perception and customer demand for our robotic systems and solutions.

We may fail to attract or retain customers at sufficient rates or at all.

We have very limited experience commercializing our products and may not be able to do so efficiently or effectively. Although we have engaged in ongoing dialogue with potential future customers, there are currently no binding commitments with customers to purchase commercial versions of our products. To grow our customer base, we must achieve binding commitments from expected customers and add new customers, which we may not be able to do in sufficient numbers or at all. Even if we are able to attract customers, these customers may not maintain a high level of commitment to our products or purchase our products in large volumes. In addition, we will incur marketing, sales or other expenses, including referral fees, to attract new customers, which will offset revenue from such customers. For these and other reasons, we could fail to achieve revenue growth, which would adversely affect our results of operations, prospects and financial condition.

If customers or their employees do not perceive our product offerings to be of value or to be easy and comfortable to use, we may not be able to attract and retain customers and customers may fail to purchase additional systems and solutions. If our efforts to satisfy and retain our existing customers are not successful, we may not be able to attract new customers, and as a

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result, our ability to maintain and/or grow our business will be adversely affected. Customers may fail to purchase additional systems for many reasons, including difficulties by employees in using the products, insufficient use by customers of robotic systems and solutions, negative reception by employees or labor unions and customer service or maintenance and servicing issues that are not satisfactorily resolved. Customer retention will also be largely dependent on the quality and effectiveness of our customer service and maintenance and servicing operations, which may be handled internally by our personnel and also by third-party service providers. Outsourcing of certain customer service and claims administration or maintenance and servicing functions may reduce our ability to ensure consistency in our overall customer service processes. If we are unable to successfully retain existing customers and attract new customers and achieve volume sales of our products, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be materially and adversely affected.

Even if we successfully market our products, the purchase, adoption and use of the products may be materially and negatively impacted if the employees of our customers resist the use and adoption of the products.

We are designing our robotic systems and solutions with the goal of augmenting the workforce to increase productivity and reduce workplace injuries. Even if we successfully market our products to customers, the purchase, adoption and use of the products may be materially and negatively impacted if the employees of our customers resist the use and adoption of the products. Customer employees may resist the adoption of our products for several reasons, including lack of instruction on how to safely and effectively use the systems and solutions, a perception that the benefit of the use of the products does not outweigh the perceived difficulties or discomfort associated with use, resistance by labor unions and workplace injuries resulting from use of the products, among others. We spend significant time and resources on pre-commercial systems of our products for customer testing and expect to continue customer testing with our commercial systems and solutions. If the employees of our customers resist adoption of our robotic systems and solutions, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be materially and adversely affected.

We have decided to focus on a standard product sales model for our robotic systems and solutions.

Based on feedback from development customers and potential commercial customers, we have decided to focus on a standard product sales model for our robotic systems and solutions instead of the RaaS model we previously expected to pursue. The standard sales model has the benefit of reducing our capital requirements since we do not need to wait to recover our production costs over many months or years of RaaS subscription payments. As a result, we expect that our capital requirements will be reduced and that we can manufacture our systems and solutions in a more capital efficient manner. However, we had expected the RaaS model to be attractive to customers due to a variety of factors, such as lower upfront costs to acquire and use our products. If customers ultimately do not favor the standard product sales model, we would have to readjust our business model, which could result in increased capital requirements to support a RaaS or other model, delays in customer purchases of our systems and solutions and other consequences that could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, results of operations and financial condition.

If we are successful in commercializing our products, our revenue will be concentrated in a limited number of models for the foreseeable future.

If we are successful in commercializing our products, our revenue will be concentrated in a limited number of models for the foreseeable future. Although we expanded our product offering through the acquisition of RE2 and its products, we expect that our revenue will still be concentrated in a relatively limited number of models for the foreseeable future, and we will need to continue to develop our systems and solutions and expand the customer base for these products to diversify our revenue and customers. To the extent our products do not meet customer expectations, or cannot be completed or manufactured on their projected timelines and in line with cost and volume targets, our future sales and operating results may be adversely affected. Given that for the foreseeable future our business will depend on a limited number of models, both before and after we begin commercial sales of our Guardian systems and solutions, to the extent a particular model is not well-received by the market, our sales volumes and revenue would likely be materially and adversely affected, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We may not be able to complete or enhance our product offerings through our research and development efforts.

In order to commence production of an initial commercial version of one of our systems or solutions, we need to complete our development efforts with respect to such initial commercial product. Even after introduction of a commercial version of a product, we will also likely need to continue to advance and evolve the product in response to the evolving demands of our customers in the various industries we expect to serve. Although we have begun production of the initial commercial versions of our Guardian XM and Guardian XT systems and expect to begin production of the initial commercial version of the Guardian

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Sea Class by the second half of 2023, our other core systems and solutions and various other products are in various stages of development and commercialization. We will incur significant additional product development efforts and expenses, and we may not be successful in commercializing or marketing our core or future products at all or within our currently expected timelines.

In addition, notwithstanding our market research efforts, our current and future products may not be accepted by customers or their employees. The success of any proposed product offerings will depend on numerous factors, including our ability to:

We have managed and expect to continue to manage our product development efforts through the development of pre-commercial systems and solutions, such as alpha and beta systems, for testing and evaluation, though we also make iterative improvements throughout the development process. If we fail to adequately communicate to customers product improvements throughout the development process, or if customer feedback is not adequately reflected in our product improvements, customers may not be persuaded of the value of our products. If we fail to generate demand by developing products that incorporate features desired by customers or their employees, we may fail to generate revenue sufficient to achieve or maintain profitability. We have in the past experienced, are experiencing and may in the future experience, delays in various phases of product development, including during research and development, manufacturing, limited release testing, marketing and customer education efforts. Further, delays in product development would postpone demonstrations and customer testing, which are important opportunities for customer engagement, and cause us to miss expected timelines. Such delays could cause customers to delay or forgo purchases of our products, or to purchase competitors’ products. Even if we are able to successfully develop our products when anticipated, we may not produce sales in excess of the costs of development, and our products may be quickly rendered obsolete by changing customer preferences or the introduction by competitors of products embodying new technologies or features. If we are unable to successfully manage our product development and communications with customers, customers may choose to not adopt or purchase our products, which would adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

The benefits to customers of our products could be supplanted by other technologies or solutions or competitors' products that utilize similar technology to ours in a more effective way.

The benefits to customers of our products could be supplanted by other technologies or solutions (such as industrial automation) or competitors' products that utilize similar technology to ours (such as artificial intelligence) in a more effective way. Although we believe that by seeking to augment, rather than replace, humans for jobs that cannot be or are not practical to be automated, our products will be superior to the artificial intelligence and industrial automation products currently available, we cannot be sure that alternative technologies or improvements to artificial intelligence, industrial automation or other technologies, processes or industries will not match or exceed the benefits of our products or be more cost effective than our products. The development of any alternative technology that can compete with or supplant our products may materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results, including in ways we do not currently anticipate. Any failure by us to develop new or enhanced technologies or processes, or to react to changes in existing technologies, could materially delay our development and introduction of new and enhanced products, which could result in the loss of competitiveness of our robotic systems and solutions, decreased revenue and a loss of market share to competitors. Our research and development efforts may not be sufficient to adapt to new or changing technologies. While we plan to upgrade and adapt our robotic systems and solutions as we or others develop new technology, our robotic systems and solutions may not compete effectively with alternative products if we are not able to source and integrate the latest technology into our systems and solutions.

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Design flaws, defects, glitches or malfunctions in our products or the software that operates them, failure of our products to perform as expected, connectivity issues or user errors can result in product recalls, lower than expected return on investment for customers, harm to users and significant safety concerns, each of which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition or reputation.

The design, manufacture and marketing of our products involve certain inherent risks. Manufacturing or design defects, glitches, malfunctions, connectivity issues between the central processing unit and the robotic system or solution, unanticipated use of our robotic system, user errors or inadequate disclosure of risks relating to the use of the robotic systems, among others, can lead to injury, property damage or other adverse events. For example, the absence of redundant sub-systems in the Guardian XO could result in injury to person or property if a sub-system fails while the robot is in use. We conduct extensive testing of our systems and solutions, in some instances in collaboration with our customers, to ensure that any such issues can be identified and addressed in advance of commercial launch of the products. However, we may not be able to identify all such issues or, if identified, efforts to address them may not be effective in all cases, and our product testing may not be adequate. Injuries to users have occurred during the testing of our products. In each case, we conducted investigations to identify the cause or causes of each incident and, when appropriate, implemented changes to testing protocols or to the systems and solutions to prevent such incidents from reoccurring. However, any implemented improvements may not fully prevent similar or other incidents in the future. Operators of the Guardian XO will be wearing the system while it is in use, which could worsen the consequences of an accident. Moreover, because of the size and weight of the systems and solutions, and the nature and variability of the environments in which we expect our products to be used, such as manufacturing and assembly lines, construction, field service and warehouses for the Guardian XO and hazardous environments and at-height for the Guardian XM and Guardian XT, adverse events relating to the use of our products could include significant injuries or even death. To the extent that design defects, glitches, malfunctions or connectivity issues between the central processing unit and the robotic system or solution are discovered during or after the production of pre-commercial and/or commercial systems and solutions, we will experience delays in the initial production and/or continued production of our commercial products while the issues are resolved. If the issues cannot be adequately resolved, production of commercial systems and solutions may not occur and/or resume.

Although we are designing the Guardian XO to include important safety features and accommodate customer-specialized protective gear and fall-prevention devices, we may not be able to successfully incorporate sufficient redundancy or other safety features to avoid injuries in the commercial version of the product.

In addition, we may not be aware of manufacturing defects until injury to person or property has occurred. Such adverse events could lead to recalls or safety alerts relating to our products (either voluntary or required by governmental authorities), and could result, in certain cases, in the removal of our products from the market. A recall could result in significant costs. To the extent any manufacturing defect occurs, and such products are manufactured for us by third parties, our agreement with the third-party manufacturer may contain a limitation on the third-party manufacturer’s liability, and therefore we could be required to incur the majority of related costs. Product defects or recalls could also result in negative publicity, damage to our reputation or, in the event of regulatory developments, delays in new product approvals.

Our products incorporate sophisticated computer software and firmware. Complex software and firmware frequently contain errors, especially when first introduced. Our software and/or firmware may experience errors or performance problems in the future. If any part of our products’ hardware or software were to fail, the operator could experience serious injury or even death. Additionally, users may not use our products in accordance with safety protocols and training, which could amplify the risk of death or injury. Customers and operators also may fail to install updates and fixes to the software for several reasons including poor connectivity, inattention or failure to regularly dock our products. Any such occurrence could cause delay in market acceptance of our products, damage to our reputation, product recalls, increased service and warranty costs, product liability claims and loss of revenue.

We anticipate that in the ordinary course of business we may be subject to product liability claims alleging defects in the design or manufacture of our products. A product liability claim, regardless of its merit or eventual outcome, could result in significant legal defense costs and high punitive damage payments, damage to our reputation or require significant costs to redesign or fix our products. Although we maintain product liability insurance, the coverage is subject to deductibles and limitations, and may not be adequate to cover future claims. Additionally, we may be unable to maintain our existing product liability insurance in the future at satisfactory rates or adequate amounts.

Even if our products perform properly and are used as intended, if users sustain any injuries while operating our products or if users injure others while operating our products, we could be exposed to liability and our results of operations, financial condition and reputation may be adversely affected.

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Our products contain complex technology and must be used as designed and intended in order to operate safely and effectively. For example, we are developing the Guardian XT system as an augmented or mixed reality-enabled highly-dexterous teleoperated robotic system to perform intricate and even dangerous tasks. We expect that users will control the system at a distance by utilizing augmented reality teleoperation. While we expect to develop training, customer service and maintenance and servicing infrastructure to ensure users are equipped to operate our products in a safe manner, we cannot be sure that the products will ultimately be used as designed and intended. In addition, we cannot be sure that we will be able to predict all the ways in which use or misuse of the products can lead to injury or damage to property, and our training resources may not be successful at preventing all incidents. If users were to sustain injuries or cause damage to property while operating our products, in a manner consistent with our training and instructions or otherwise, we could be exposed to liability and our results of operations, financial condition and our reputation may be adversely affected.

We have no experience maintaining or servicing our products at a large scale.

We may agree to cover maintenance and servicing of the systems and solutions purchased by our customers. However, we have no experience providing maintenance and servicing at a large scale. We may elect to partner with one or more third parties to perform some or all of the servicing and maintenance on our products, but we may not be able to enter into an acceptable arrangement with any such third-party provider. Although such servicing partners may have experience in servicing complex machinery, they will initially have limited experience in servicing our robotic systems and solutions. If we are unable or elect not to enter into a partnership with third parties to perform maintenance and servicing, we may be required to provide such services directly, which could significantly increase our capital expenditures and personnel costs. We would also be required to recruit and train employees to provide these services and we may not be able to attract persons with the necessary knowledge or experience to provide these services. Delays in implementing a maintenance and servicing infrastructure may significantly delay sales of our products if customers are unwilling to purchase products with limited maintenance and servicing capacity.

In addition, our service and maintenance arrangements may not adequately address the service and maintenance requirements of our customers to their satisfaction, and we and our servicing partners may not have sufficient resources, experience or inventory to meet these service requirements in a timely manner as the volume of robotic systems and solutions we deliver increases. Even if we and our servicing partners have the resources and experience needed, we and our servicing partners still may not adequately service or maintain the systems and solutions. If we are unable to, directly or through third-party partners, roll out and establish a widespread service network, including on-site services, customer satisfaction could be adversely affected, which in turn could materially and adversely affect our reputation and thus our sales, results of operations and prospects.

Our customers will also depend on our customer support team to resolve technical and operational issues relating to the integrated software underlying our robotic systems and solutions. Customer behavior and usage may result in higher-than-expected maintenance and repair costs or warranty claims.

As we continue to grow, additional pressure may be placed on our customer support team or partners, and we may be unable to respond quickly enough to accommodate short-term increases in customer demand for technical support. We also may be unable to modify the future scope and delivery of our technical support to compete with changes in the technical support provided by our competitors. Increased customer demand for support, without corresponding revenue, could increase costs and negatively affect our operating results. If we are unable to successfully address the service requirements of our customers or we establish a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality support, we may be subject to claims from our customers, including loss of revenue or damages, and our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results may be materially and adversely affected.

Our ability to develop and manufacture products of sufficient quality on schedule and on a large scale is unproven, and delays in the design, production and launch of our products could harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Our future business depends in large part on our ability to execute our plans to design, develop, manufacture, market, deploy and service our products. Over time, we intend to largely outsource the manufacturing of our robotic systems and solutions to third-party manufacturing partners, which would reduce our direct control over production and manufacturing. Such diminished control may have an adverse effect on the quality or quantity of our systems and solutions, or our flexibility to respond to changing conditions. In addition, engaging third-party manufacturers involves significant time, ramp-up, testing and coordination before high-volume production capability by the partner is achieved. While we currently do not anticipate high-volume production by a contract manufacturing partner to be in place until at least the end of 2023, we have entered into an agreement and begun initial engagement activities with a contract manufacturing partner.

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We also plan to retain third-party vendors and service providers to engineer, design and test some of the critical systems and components of our systems and solutions. While this allows us to draw from such third parties’ industry knowledge and expertise, such systems and components may not be successfully developed to our specifications or delivered in a timely manner to meet our program timing requirements.

The continued development and manufacturing of our products are and will be subject to risks, including with respect to:

We are highly dependent on the services of our senior management and other key employees and, if we are unable to attract and retain a sufficient number of qualified employees, our ability to design, manufacture and launch our products, operate our business and compete could be harmed.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to retain our key personnel. The unexpected loss of or failure to retain one or more of our senior managers or other key employees could delay product development and require outsourcing to third parties, each of which in turn could adversely affect our business. Our success also depends, in part, on our continuing ability to identify, hire, attract, train and develop other highly qualified personnel. Experienced and highly skilled employees are in high demand and competition for these employees can be intense, and our ability to hire, attract and retain them depends on our ability to provide competitive compensation. We may not be able to attract, assimilate, develop or retain qualified personnel in the future, and our failure to do so could adversely affect our business, including the execution of our strategy. Our headquarters are in Salt Lake City, Utah, which has fewer highly skilled employees in the robotics field than other major metropolitan areas. To attract and retain key personnel, we may need to open offices in other areas of the country, which could increase costs and reduce productivity. As a result of our acquisition of RE2, a significant number of our employees are located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. As an organization, we do not have meaningful experience managing two large facilities and employee bases in different geographies and across different time zones. Any failure by our management team and our employees to perform as expected may have a material adverse effect on our ability to design, manufacture and launch our products or to operate our business and compete, as well as on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

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Our management as a group has limited experience in operating a publicly-traded company.

Although some members of our management have public company experience, our management team may not successfully or effectively manage operating as a public company subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under U.S. securities laws. Our executive officers as a group have limited experience in the management of a publicly-traded company. Their limited experience in dealing with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies could be a significant disadvantage in that it is likely that an increasing amount of their time may be devoted to these activities which will result in less time being devoted to the management and growth of our company. Although we have hired personnel experienced in managing and addressing the obligations of a publicly-traded company, we will likely need to continue to recruit and hire additional persons in order to handle the increased demands of running a public company, but our efforts may not be successful. We may not have adequate personnel with the appropriate level of knowledge, experience and training in the accounting policies, practices or internal control over financial reporting required of public companies. Any failure by us to effectively and efficiently meet our obligations as a publicly-traded company could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results and/or result in legal liability or other negative consequences.

We incur significant expenses and administrative burdens as a publicly-traded company, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

As a publicly-traded company, we are incurring legal, accounting and other expenses that we previously did not have, and these expenses may increase even more as we continue to implement and strengthen controls, processes and systems and to hire related personnel and after we are no longer an emerging growth company, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act. We are subject to reporting and other requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as well as rules adopted by the SEC and Nasdaq. Our management and other personnel will be devoting a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. We have expanded our employee base and we will need to hire additional employees to support our operations as a public company, which will increase our operating costs in future periods. Moreover, these rules and regulations have substantially increased our legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly. These increased costs have increased our net loss. For example, it has been more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we have incurred substantially higher costs to obtain appropriate coverage than we incurred as a private company. We cannot accurately predict or estimate the amount or timing of all the additional costs we may incur. The impact of being a public company could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees or as executive officers. Such increased expenses and administrative burdens involved in operating as a public company could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

Ongoing impacts from COVID-19 or another pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of an infectious disease may materially and adversely impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted our business, and it, as well as other possible health pandemics, epidemics or outbreaks, may materially and adversely impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results in the future. Our engineering and product development operations, among others, cannot all be conducted in a remote working structure and often require on-site access to materials and equipment. We have customers with international operations in varying industries. We also depend on suppliers and manufacturers worldwide. We are currently experiencing disruptions and delays in our supply chain, as discussed under “We are dependent on our suppliers, some of which are currently single, sole or limited source suppliers, and the inability of these suppliers to deliver necessary components of our products at the prices and volumes, performance, timing and specifications acceptable to us, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. We have not yet identified all of the suppliers that we are likely to rely on to support future commercialization of our core products.” Depending upon the duration of the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may linger for some time even if significant health risks abate, our customers, suppliers, manufacturers and partners may suspend or delay their engagement with us or take other actions or experience their own negative impacts, any of which could result in a material adverse effect on our financial condition and ability to meet current timelines. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected and may continue to adversely affect our ability to recruit skilled employees to join our team and to meet our product development timelines. Our response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and its ongoing impacts on our supply chain and business activities may prove to be inadequate, and we may be unable to operate in the manner necessary to avoid interruptions, reputational harm and delays in our product development and shipments, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. In addition, pre-COVID-19 supply chain, economic and business conditions may not ever return.

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We may become subject to new or changing governmental regulations relating to the design, manufacturing, marketing, distribution, servicing or use of our products, and a failure to comply with such regulations could lead to withdrawal or recall of our products from the market, delay our projected revenue, increase costs or make our business unviable if we are unable to modify our products to comply.

We may become subject to new or changing international, national, state and local regulations, including laws relating to the design, manufacturing, marketing, distribution, servicing or use of our products. Such laws and regulations may require us to pause sales and modify our products, which would likely result in a material adverse effect on our revenue and financial condition, especially if implemented on a large scale or in a key market. Such laws and regulations can also give rise to liability, such as fines and penalties or for property damage, bodily injury and cleanup costs. Capital and operating expenses needed to comply with laws and regulations can be significant, and violations may result in substantial fines and penalties, third-party damages, suspension of production or a cessation of our operations. Any failure to comply with such laws or regulations could lead to withdrawal or recall of our products from the market.

Our expected transition to an outsourced manufacturing business model may not be successful, which could harm our ability to deliver products and recognize revenue.

We intend to transition from a manufacturing model in which we primarily manufacture and assemble our products at a smaller scale at our facilities, to one where we rely on one or more third-party manufacturers. We believe the use of third-party manufacturers will have benefits, but in the near term, while we are beginning manufacturing with one or more new partners, we may incur delays, lost revenue and increased costs. Our future third-party manufacturers may not be able to develop efficient, automated, low-cost production capabilities and processes and reliable sources of component supply to enable us to meet the quality, price, engineering, design and production standards, as well as the production volumes, required to successfully mass market our robotic systems and solutions. Even if we and our third-party manufacturers are successful in developing high-volume production capability and processes and reliably sourcing components, we may not be able to avoid significant delays and cost overruns, including as a result of factors beyond our control such as problems with suppliers and vendors or force majeure events, meet our product commercialization schedules or satisfy customer requirements.

We have recently entered into an agreement with a third-party contract manufacturer and expect to generally outsource manufacturing of our products over time. However, engaging with a manufacturing requires significant time, ramp-up, testing and coordination before high-volume production capability by the partner is achieved. We currently do not anticipate high-volume production by a contract manufacturing partner to be in place until at least the end of 2023. We expect that in 2023 we will have the internal capability to manufacture a total of between 300 – 500 systems, depending on the mix. However, we do not believe that will use all of that capacity in 2023.

Reliance on third-party manufacturers reduces our control over the manufacturing process, including reduced control over quality, product costs and product supply and timing. We may experience delays in shipments or issues concerning product quality from our third-party manufacturers. If any of our third-party manufacturers experience interruptions, delays or disruptions in supplying our products, including by natural disasters, the global COVID-19 pandemic, other health epidemics and outbreaks, geopolitical events, work stoppages or capacity constraints, our ability to ship products to distributors and customers would be delayed. In addition, unfavorable economic conditions could result in financial distress among third-party manufacturers upon which we rely, thereby increasing the risk of disruption of supplies necessary to fulfill our production requirements and meet customer demands. While we take measures to protect our trade secrets, the use of third-party manufacturers may also risk disclosure of our innovative and proprietary technologies, which could adversely affect our business.

Additionally, if any of our future third-party manufacturers experience quality control problems in their manufacturing operations and our products do not meet customer requirements, we could be required to recall the systems and solutions or cover the cost of repair or replacement of any defective products. These delays or product quality issues could have an immediate and material adverse effect on our ability to fulfill orders and on our operating results. In addition, such delays or issues with product quality could adversely affect our reputation and our relationship with our customers.

If any third-party manufacturers experience financial, operational, manufacturing capacity or other difficulties, or experience shortages in required components, or if they are otherwise unable or unwilling to continue to manufacture our products in required volumes or at all, our supply may be disrupted, we may be required to seek alternate manufacturers and we may be required to re-design our products. It would be time-consuming, and could be costly and impracticable, to begin to use new manufacturers and designs, and such changes could cause significant interruptions in supply and could have an adverse effect on our ability to meet our scheduled product deliveries and may subsequently lead to the loss of sales.

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If we are unable to successfully outsource a significant portion of our production to third-party manufacturers on acceptable terms, we will need to rely on our own manufacturing capacity and may need to develop additional manufacturing and production facilities and capabilities, which would significantly increase our capital expenditures, would likely delay production of our robotic systems and solutions. and may not be feasible. If this were to occur, we would need to raise or borrow additional money, which may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all, and possibly change our product pricing expectations, which could adversely affect our margins and cash flows. We have no experience to date in high volume manufacture of our products, nor do we have the facility, employees or equipment needed to manufacture our products in high volumes.

Any failure to develop production processes and capabilities within our projected costs and timelines, whether in partnership with a third-party contract manufacturer or internally or a combination of the two, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Our business and prospects depend significantly on our ability to build our brands. We may not succeed in continuing to establish, maintain and strengthen our brands, and our brands and reputation could be harmed by negative publicity regarding us or our products.

Our business and prospects are heavily dependent on our ability to develop, maintain and strengthen our brands. If we do not continue to establish, maintain and strengthen our brands, we may lose the opportunity to build a critical mass of customers. Promoting and positioning our brands will likely depend significantly on our ability to provide high quality products and engage with our customers as intended. In addition, our ability to develop, maintain and strengthen our brands may depend on the acceptance of our products by employees of our customers. To promote our brands, we may be required to change or expand our customer development and branding practices, which could result in substantially increased expenses. If we do not develop and maintain strong brands, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be materially and adversely impacted.

In addition, if safety incidents occur or are perceived to have occurred, whether or not such incidents are our fault, we could be subject to adverse publicity or resistance by employees of our customers or labor unions. In particular, given the popularity of social media, any negative publicity, whether true or not, could quickly proliferate and harm perceptions and confidence in our brands. Furthermore, there is the risk of potential adverse publicity related to our manufacturing or other partners whether or not such publicity is related to their collaboration with us. Our ability to successfully position our brands could also be adversely affected by perceptions about the quality of our competitors’ products.

The period of time from initial design of our products to obtaining binding purchase commitments from customers is long and we are subject to the risk that customers who initially expressed an interest in our products during the design phase will not enter into binding commitments.

Our products contain complex technology that requires multiple years of engineering and design. Therefore, the period of time from initial design of our products to obtaining binding purchase commitments from customers is long and we are subject to the risk that customers who initially expressed an interest in our products during the design phase will not enter into binding commitments. The design of our products is significantly influenced by feedback from potential customers and reflects the needs they express. Further, some of our products have been designed to meet the specific use-cases of a particular customer. As a result, adapting our products to other industries or customers may require additional design, development, testing, work and expenses. We may not be able to adapt our products to reflect such feedback successfully or at all. If customers who initially express an interest in our products and influenced their design ultimately do not enter into binding commitments to purchase our products, or if they adopt a competitors’ technology, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results would be adversely affected.

We may be unable to adequately control the costs associated with our operations.

We will require significant capital to develop and grow our business, including developing and producing our commercial robotic systems and solutions and other products, establishing or expanding our design, research and development, production, sales and maintenance and service capabilities and building our brands. We have incurred and expect to continue incurring significant expenses which will impact our profitability, including research and development expenses, procurement costs, sales, marketing and distribution expenses as we build our brand and market our robotic systems and solutions and general and administrative expenses as we scale our operations, identify and commit resources to investigate new areas of demand and incur costs as a public company. Some of the factors that may lead to cost increases are outside of our control, such as national or global geopolitical and economic conditions, including inflation or increases in interest rates. In addition, we may incur

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significant costs servicing, maintaining and refurbishing our robotic systems and solutions, and we expect that the cost to repair and service our robotic systems and solutions will increase over time as our robotic systems and solutions age. Our ability to become profitable in the future will not only depend on our ability to complete the design and development of our robotic systems and solutions to meet projected performance metrics and identify and investigate new areas of demand and successfully market our robotic systems and solutions, but also on our ability to sell our robotic systems and solutions at prices needed to achieve sufficient margins and control our costs, including the risks and costs associated with any maintenance and service obligations that we may undertake and warranty obligations. If we are unable to efficiently design, develop, manufacture, market, deploy, distribute and service our robotic systems and solutions in a cost-effective manner, our margins, profitability and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.

We and our suppliers and any manufacturing partners may rely on complex machinery for production, which involves a significant degree of risk and uncertainty in terms of operational performance and costs.

We and our suppliers and any manufacturing partners may rely on complex machinery for the production and assembly of our robotic systems and solutions, which will involve a significant degree of uncertainty and risk in terms of operational performance and costs. Our facilities, and those of any third-party manufacturing partners and suppliers, consist or are expected to consist of large-scale machinery combining many components. These components may suffer unexpected malfunctions from time to time and will depend on repairs and spare parts to resume operations, which may not be available when needed. Unexpected malfunctions of these components or machines may significantly affect the intended operational efficiency. Operational performance and costs can be difficult to predict and are often influenced by factors outside of our or any third-party manufacturing partners’ and suppliers’ control, such as scarcity of natural resources, environmental hazards and remediation, costs associated with decommissioning of machines, labor disputes and strikes, difficulty or delays in obtaining governmental permits, damages or defects in electronic systems, industrial accidents, fire, seismic activity and natural disasters. Should operational risks materialize, it may result in the personal injury to or death of workers, the loss of production equipment, damage to production facilities, monetary losses, delays and unanticipated fluctuations in production, environmental damage, administrative fines, increased insurance costs and potential legal liabilities, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We face risks related to natural disasters, health epidemics and other calamities, which could significantly disrupt our operations.

Our facilities or operations or those of any third-party manufacturers or suppliers could be adversely affected by events outside of our or their control, such as natural disasters, wars, health epidemics and other calamities and force majeure events. See "Ongoing impacts from COVID-19 or another pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of an infectious disease may materially and adversely impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results." Although we have servers that are hosted both onsite and at an offsite location, our backup system does not capture data on a real-time basis and we may be unable to recover certain data in the event of a server failure. Our backup system may not be adequate to protect us from the effects of fire, floods, typhoons, earthquakes, power loss, telecommunications failures, break-ins, war, riots, terrorist attacks or similar events. Any of the foregoing events may give rise to interruptions, breakdowns, system failures, technology platform failures or internet failures, which could cause the loss or corruption of data or the malfunction of software or hardware, as well as adversely affect our ability to provide services.

We currently target many customers that are large businesses with substantial negotiating power, exacting product standards and potentially competitive internal solutions. If we are unable to sell our products to these customers, our prospects and results of operations will be adversely affected.

We expect that many of our potential customers will be large, multinational businesses with substantial negotiating power relative to us and, in some instances, may have internal solutions that are competitive to our products. These large, multinational businesses also have significant development resources, which may allow them to acquire or develop independently, or in partnership with others, competitive technologies. Meeting the technical requirements and securing binding commitments from any of these businesses will require a substantial investment of our time and resources. We may be unable to secure binding commitments from these or other businesses or we may be unable to generate meaningful revenue from the sales of our products to these key potential customers. If our products are not selected by these large businesses or if these businesses develop or acquire competitive technology, it will have an adverse effect on our business, which could be material.

We operate in a competitive industry that is subject to rapid technological change, and we expect competition to increase.

The robotics industry is subject to rapid technological change, and we expect competition to increase in the future. Our robotics technology may be unable to keep up with changes in robotics technology or its alternatives and, as a result, our competitiveness

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may suffer. Developments in alternative technologies may materially and adversely affect our competitiveness in ways we do not currently anticipate. Any failure by us to successfully react to changes or advances in existing technologies could materially harm our competitive position and growth prospects, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We believe we are developing a new category of industrial robotic systems and solutions that augment, rather than replace, humans. In many cases, our primary competition will be traditional modes of human labor, sometimes assisted with material handling products such as overhead cranes, forklifts and pallet jacks. To overcome potential resistance to innovation and the adoption of new products and ways of working, we must demonstrate to customers the value proposition of our products, including increased productivity, reduced costly occupational injuries and broadening the pool of available employees by equalizing workers’ physical capabilities to include older and less physically strong workers.

Additionally, our product offerings compete in a broad competitive landscape that includes robotics and automation companies that have both directly competing as well as alternative solutions ranging from exoskeletons, collaborative robots, industrial robots, traditional lift-assist equipment and unmanned robotic vehicles. We also view our competitive landscape to include companies who have different but unique product lines in the automation space, such as ABB Robotics, Siasun Robot & Automation, Teradyne and Berkshire Grey. Also included in our broader competitive landscape are robotic solution suppliers, like Rockwell Automation, Honeywell, Keyence Corporation, COGNEX Corporation and Hexagon AB, which may not have a directly competing product today, but which could become competitors through diversification; these companies have existing customer relationships and channels, as well as significant financial and other resources, that could enable them to emerge as formidable competitors in the future.

The following is a breakdown of the competitive landscape for our core systems and solutions:

Many of our competitors and potential competitors have products that are commercially available and/or in development. We expect some products currently in development to become commercially available in the next few years. In addition, we compete or may compete with companies that develop artificial intelligence and industrial automation solutions, such as those offered by Hyundai-Boston Dynamics, Grey Matter, Canvas Technology, DroneSense, Intuitive, iRobot, Hahn Robotics, Kuka, Fanuc, Neurala, Ready Robotics, Rethink Robotics and Yaskawa.

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Our competitor base may change or expand as we continue to develop and commercialize our robotic systems and solutions in the future. These or other competitors may develop new technologies or products that provide superior results to customers or are less expensive than our products. Our technologies and products could be rendered obsolete by such developments.

Our competitors may respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies, undertake more extensive marketing campaigns, have greater financial, marketing, manufacturing and other resources than we do, or may be more successful in attracting potential customers, employees and strategic partners. In addition, potential customers could have long-standing or contractual relationships with competitors. Potential customers may be reluctant to adopt our products, particularly if they compete with or have the potential to compete with, or diminish the need/utilization of products or technologies supported through these existing relationships. If we are not able to compete effectively, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be adversely affected.

In addition, because we operate in new and evolving markets, the actions of our competitors could adversely affect our business. Adverse events such as product defects or legal claims with respect to competing or similar products could cause reputational harm to the robotics market as a whole and, accordingly, our business.

Our financial results may vary significantly from period to period due to fluctuations in our operating costs, product demand and other factors.

We expect our period-to-period financial results to vary based on our operating costs and product demand, which we anticipate will fluctuate as the pace at which we continue to design, develop and manufacture robotic systems and solutions, increase production capacity and establish or expand design, research and development, production, sales and service facilities fluctuates. Additionally, our revenue from period to period may fluctuate as we identify and investigate areas of demand, adjust volumes and add new product derivatives based on market demand and margin opportunities, develop and introduce new robotic systems and solutions or introduce existing robotic systems and solutions to new markets for the first time, as product sales mix varies and as our product development contract revenue fluctuates. As a result of these factors, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our financial results, especially in the short term, are not necessarily meaningful and that these comparisons cannot be relied upon as indicators of future performance. Moreover, our financial results may not meet expectations of equity research analysts, ratings agencies or investors, who may be focused only on quarterly financial results. If any of this occurs, the trading price of our securities could fall substantially, either suddenly or over time, and/or experience significant volatility.

If we are unable to develop and maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results in a timely manner, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and materially and adversely affect our business and operating results, as well as result in litigation, regulatory action or other risks.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Our management is likewise required, on a quarterly basis, to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal controls. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Old Sarcos identified certain accounting errors related to its financial statements. As a result, Old Sarcos management concluded that a material weakness existed in its internal control over financial reporting related to the identification and review of technical issues associated with certain unique, unusual and nonstandard transactions within Old Sarcos’ equity process. As a result of this material weakness, management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2020 and 2021. Management has implemented new measures designed to remediate the previously identified material weakness and has completed the testing necessary to conclude that the material weakness has been remediated as of June 30, 2022.

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On April 12, 2021, the Acting Director of the Division of Corporation Finance and Acting Chief Accountant of the SEC together issued a statement regarding the accounting and reporting considerations for warrants issued by special purpose acquisition companies entitled “Staff Statement on Accounting and Reporting Considerations for Warrants Issued by Special Purpose Acquisition Companies” (the “SEC Statement”). Following the issuance of the SEC Statement, after consultation with its independent registered public accounting firm, Rotor’s management and its audit committee concluded that, in light of the SEC Statement, it was appropriate to restate the previously issued audited balance sheet as of January 20, 2021 (the “Restatement”). As part of such process, Rotor identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting. As of December 31, 2021, management determined that this material weakness was remediated as the previously issued financial statements were restated and management is now accounting for the Private Placement Warrants in accordance with the SEC Statement.

As a result of these prior material weaknesses, the Restatement, the change in accounting for the Private Placement Warrants and other matters raised or that may in the future be raised by the SEC, we face the potential for litigation or other disputes, which may include claims invoking U.S. federal and state securities laws, contractual claims or other claims.

To mitigate the potential for any future material weaknesses, we continue to devote significant effort and resources to the improvement of our internal control over financial reporting. Any failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could adversely impact our ability to report our financial condition and results of operations on a timely and accurate basis. If our financial statements are not accurate, investors may not have a complete understanding of our operations and could lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could negatively affect the trading price of our common stock. In addition, if our financial statements are not filed on a timely basis, we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by Nasdaq, the SEC or other regulatory authorities or to private litigation. As a result, any failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in a material adverse effect on our business and the price of our Common Stock.

If we fail to maintain effective systems of disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be adversely affected.

We expect that the requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations of Nasdaq will continue to increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming and costly, and place significant strain on personnel, systems and resources.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls, internal control over financial reporting and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we will file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. We have been integrating our finance and accounting systems following our acquisition of RE2 to a common enterprise system, and a delay or other issues with the integration could impact our ability or prevent us from timely reporting our operating results, timely filing required reports with the SEC and complying with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The development and implementation of the standards and controls necessary for us to achieve the level of accounting standards required of a public company have increased and may continue to increase our legal and compliance costs, and such costs may be greater than expected.

Our current controls and any new controls that we develop may be inadequate because of changes in conditions of our business or otherwise. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls, or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement, could adversely affect our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal controls also could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that we are required to include in our periodic reports that we file with the SEC under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information. See "If we are unable to develop and maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results in a timely manner, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and materially and adversely affect our business and operating results, as well as result in litigation, regulatory action or other risks."

In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we expect to continue to expend significant resources, including accounting-related costs, and provide significant management oversight. Any failure to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, or consequent inability to produce

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accurate financial statements on a timely basis, could increase operating costs and could materially and adversely affect our ability to operate our business. If our internal controls are perceived as inadequate or if we are perceived to be unable to produce timely or accurate financial statements, investors may lose confidence in our operating results and the trading price of our securities could decline.

Our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until after we are no longer an emerging growth company. At such time, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our controls are documented, designed or operating. Any failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could have a material and adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We are or may be subject to risks associated with strategic alliances or acquisitions and may not be able to identify adequate strategic relationship opportunities, or form strategic relationships, in the future.

We may seek to enter into strategic alliances, joint ventures, minority equity investments, acquisitions, collaborations and in-license arrangements. There is no guarantee that any of these partnerships or acquisitions would lead to any binding agreements or lasting or successful business relationships with third parties or that any of the other anticipated benefits will be achieved. If any of these relationships are established, they may subject us to a number of risks, including risks associated with sharing proprietary information, non-performance by the third-party and increased expenses in establishing new relationships, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business. We may have limited ability to monitor or control the actions of these third parties and, to the extent any of these strategic partners suffers negative publicity or harm to their reputation from events relating to their business, we may also suffer negative publicity or harm to our reputation by virtue of our association with any such third-party.

We expect that strategic business relationships will be an important factor in the growth and success of our business. However, we may not be able to identify or secure suitable business relationship opportunities in the future or our competitors may capitalize on such opportunities before we do. Moreover, identifying such opportunities could require substantial management time and resources, and negotiating and financing relationships involves significant costs and uncertainties. If we are unable to successfully source and execute on strategic relationship opportunities in the future, our overall growth could be impaired, and our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected.

When appropriate opportunities arise, we have in the past, and may in the future acquire additional assets, products, technologies or businesses that are complementary to our existing business. From time to time, the sellers of these assets, products and technologies or businesses may retain certain rights to the technology that they sell to us, which in some circumstances could allow the sellers to compete with us. In addition to possible stockholder approval, we may need approvals and licenses from relevant government authorities for acquisitions and to comply with any applicable laws and regulations, which could result in delays and costs, and may disrupt our business strategy if we fail to do so. Furthermore, acquisitions and the subsequent integration of new assets and businesses into our own require significant attention from our management and could result in a diversion of resources from our existing business, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our operations and financial results. Acquired assets or businesses may not generate the financial results we expect. Acquisitions could result in the use of substantial amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the occurrence of significant goodwill impairment charges, amortization expenses for other intangible assets and exposure to potential unknown liabilities of the acquired business. For example, as discussed in this Report, we recently determined that all of our goodwill, which was the result of our acquisition of RE2, was impaired. Moreover, the costs of identifying and consummating acquisitions may be significant.

Our ability to use net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes may be limited in connection with the Business Combination or other ownership changes.

We have incurred losses during our history and do not expect to become profitable in the near future, and we may never achieve profitability. To the extent that we continue to generate taxable losses, unused losses will carry forward to offset future taxable income, if any, until such unused losses expire.

Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the Tax Act), as modified by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the CARES Act), U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards generated in taxable periods beginning after December 31, 2017, may be carried forward indefinitely, but the deductibility of such net operating loss carryforwards in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020, is limited to 80% of taxable income. It is uncertain if and to what extent various states will conform to the Tax Act or the CARES Act. Suspensions or other restrictions on the use of net operating losses or tax credits,

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possibly with retroactive effect, may result in our existing net operating losses or tax credits expiring or otherwise being unavailable to offset future income tax liabilities.

In addition, the net operating loss carryforwards are subject to review and possible adjustment by the Internal Revenue Service and state tax authorities. Under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), these U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes may become subject to an annual limitation in the event of certain cumulative changes in the ownership of our company. An “ownership change” pursuant to Section 382 of the Code generally occurs if one or more stockholders or groups of stockholders who own at least 5% of a company’s stock increase their ownership by more than 50 percentage points over their lowest ownership percentage within a rolling three-year period. Our ability to utilize net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes to offset future taxable income or tax liabilities may be limited as a result of ownership changes, including changes from the Business Combination or other transactions. Similar rules may apply under state tax laws. We have not yet determined the amount of the cumulative change in our ownership resulting from the Business Combination or other transactions, or any resulting limitations on our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes. If we earn taxable income, such limitations could result in increased future income tax liability to us and our future cash flows could be adversely affected. We have recorded a full valuation allowance related to our net operating loss carryforwards and other deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty of the ultimate realization of the future benefits of those assets.

We expect to incur substantial research and development costs and devote significant resources to identifying and commercializing new products, which could significantly reduce our profitability and may never result in revenue.

Our future growth depends on penetrating new markets, adapting existing products to new applications and customer requirements and introducing new products that achieve market acceptance. We plan to incur substantial, and potentially increasing, research and development costs as part of our efforts to design, develop, manufacture and commercialize new products and enhance existing products. Our research and development expenses were $34.1 million and $17.5 million during 2022 and 2021, respectively. We currently expect research and development expenses to decrease slightly during 2023 as we continue to develop and refine our existing products and develop new products and software, though these expenses may increase in the long term. Our research and development program may not produce successful results, and our new products may not achieve market acceptance, create additional revenue or become profitable.

We are subject to evolving laws, regulations, standards, policies and contractual obligations related to data privacy and security, and our actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could harm our reputation, subject us to significant fines and liability or otherwise adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We are subject to or affected by a number of national, state and local laws and regulations, as well as contractual obligations and industry standards, that impose certain obligations and restrictions with respect to data privacy and security, and govern our collection, storage, retention, protection, use, processing, transmission, sharing and disclosure of personal information, including that of our employees, customers and others. Many jurisdictions have enacted laws requiring companies to notify individuals, regulatory authorities and others of security breaches involving certain types of data. Such laws may be inconsistent or may change or additional laws may be adopted. In addition, our agreements with certain customers may require us to notify them in the event of a security breach or incident. Such mandatory disclosures are costly and could lead to negative publicity, penalties, fines, litigation and other proceedings or cause our customers to lose confidence in the effectiveness of our security measures and require us to expend significant capital and other resources to respond to and/or alleviate problems caused by the actual or perceived security breach or incident.

The global data protection landscape is rapidly evolving, and implementation standards and enforcement practices are likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. We may not be able to monitor and react to all developments in a timely manner. For example, California adopted the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), which became effective in January 2020. The CCPA establishes a privacy framework for covered businesses, including an expansive definition of personal information and data privacy rights for California residents. The CCPA includes a framework with potentially severe statutory damages and private rights of action. The CCPA requires covered businesses to provide new disclosures to California residents, provide them new ways to opt-out of certain disclosures of personal information, and allow for a new cause of action for data breaches. Additionally, a new privacy law, the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”), was approved by California voters in the November 3, 2020 election. The CPRA created obligations relating to consumer data beginning on January 1, 2022, with enforcement anticipated to commence on July 1, 2023. The CPRA significantly modifies the CCPA, potentially resulting in further uncertainty. Some observers have noted that the CCPA could mark the beginning of a trend toward more stringent privacy legislation in the United States. Other states have begun to propose and enact similar laws. For example, Virginia has enacted the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act, which went into effect January 1, 2023, Colorado has enacted the Colorado Privacy Act, which takes effect on July 1, 2023, Utah has enacted the Utah Consumer Privacy Act, which will go into effect

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on December 31, 2023, and Connecticut has enacted An Act Concerning Personal Data Privacy and Online Monitoring, which will go into effect on July 1, 2023. The U.S. federal government also is contemplating federal privacy legislation. These laws in Virginia, Colorado, Utah, and Connecticut share similarities with the CCPA, CPRA, and legislation proposed in other states. As we expand our operations, the CCPA, CPRA, and other laws and regulations relating to privacy and data security may increase our compliance costs and potential liability. Compliance with any applicable privacy and data security laws and regulations is a rigorous and time-intensive process, and we may be required to put in place additional mechanisms to comply with such laws and regulations.

Additionally, as our international presence expands, we may become subject to or face increasing obligations under laws and regulations in countries outside the United States, many of which, such as the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) and national laws supplementing the GDPR, as well as legislation substantially implementing the GDPR in the United Kingdom, are significantly more stringent than those currently enforced in the United States. The GDPR requires companies to meet stringent requirements regarding the handling of personal data of individuals located in the European Economic Area. The GDPR also includes significant penalties for noncompliance, which may result in monetary penalties of up to the higher of €20 million or 4% of a group’s worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year for the most serious violations. The United Kingdom’s version of the GDPR, which it maintains along with its Data Protection Act, also provides for substantial penalties that, for the most serious violations, can go up to the greater of £17.5 million or 4% of a group’s worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year. Many other jurisdictions globally are considering or have enacted legislation providing for local storage of data or otherwise imposing privacy, data protection and data security obligations in connection with the collection, use and other processing of personal data. As a general matter, compliance with laws, regulations, contractual obligations, industry standards, and any rules or guidance from self-regulatory organizations relating to privacy, data protection, and data security that apply, or are asserted to apply, to our operations may result in substantial costs and may necessitate changes to our business practices, which may compromise our growth strategy, adversely affect our ability to acquire customers, and otherwise adversely affect our business, prospects, results of operations, and financial condition.

We publish privacy policies and other documentation regarding our collection, processing, use and disclosure of personal information and/or other confidential information. Although we endeavor to comply with our published policies and other documentation, we may at times fail to do so or may be perceived to have failed to comply with such policies and other actual or asserted legal or contractual obligations relating to privacy, data protection or data security. Moreover, despite our efforts, we may not be successful in achieving compliance, including if our employees, contractors, service providers or vendors fail to comply with our published policies and documentation. Such failures can subject us to potential action by governmental or regulatory authorities if they are found to be deceptive, unfair, or misrepresentative of our actual practices. Any actual or perceived inability to adequately address privacy and security concerns or comply with applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to privacy, data protection or data security, or applicable privacy notices, could lead to investigations, claims and proceedings by governmental entities and private parties, damages for contract breach and other significant costs, penalties or liabilities. Any such claims or other proceedings could be expensive and time-consuming to defend and could result in adverse publicity. Any of the foregoing may have an adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations, and financial condition.

We are subject to cybersecurity risks to our operational systems, security systems, infrastructure, integrated software in our products and data processed by us or third-party vendors.

Our business and operations involve the collection, storage, processing and transmission of personal data and certain other sensitive and proprietary data of collaborators, customers and others. Additionally, we maintain sensitive and proprietary information relating to our business, such as our own proprietary information and personal data relating to our employees. An increasing number of organizations have disclosed breaches of their information security systems and other information security incidents, some of which have involved sophisticated and highly targeted attacks. We have been and may in the future be a target for cybersecurity attacks designed to disrupt our operations or to attempt to gain access to our systems, data processed or maintained in our business, trade secrets or other proprietary information or financial resources. Many of our employees work remotely which has increased security risks. In addition, the risk of state-supported and geopolitical-related cybersecurity attacks is believed to be heightened in connection with the war in Ukraine and any related political or economic responses and counter-responses.

We are at risk for interruptions, outages and breaches of our: (a) operational systems, including business, financial, accounting, product development, data processing or production processes, owned by us or our third-party vendors or suppliers; (b) facility security systems, owned by us or our third-party vendors or suppliers; (c) transmission control modules or other in-product technology, owned by us or our third-party vendors or suppliers; (d) the integrated software in our systems; and (e) customer data that we process or our third-party vendors or suppliers process on our behalf. Because techniques used to obtain

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unauthorized access to or to sabotage information systems change frequently and may not be known until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate or prevent these attacks, react in a timely manner or implement adequate preventive measures, and we may face delays in our detection or remediation of, or other responses to, security breaches and other privacy-and security-related incidents. Such incidents could: materially disrupt our operational systems; result in loss of intellectual property, trade secrets or other proprietary or competitively sensitive information; compromise certain information of customers, employees, suppliers or others; jeopardize the security of our facilities; or affect the performance of in-product technology and the integrated software in our systems. Certain efforts may be state-sponsored or supported by significant financial and technological resources, making them even more difficult to detect, remediate and otherwise respond to.

We plan to include product services and functionality that utilize data connectivity to monitor performance and timely capture opportunities to enhance performance and for safety and cost-saving preventative maintenance. The availability and effectiveness of our services depend on the continued operation of information technology and communications systems. Our systems will be vulnerable to damage or interruption from, among others, physical theft, fire, terrorist attacks, natural disasters, power loss, war, telecommunications failures, viruses, denial or degradation of service attacks, ransomware and other malicious code, social engineering schemes, insider theft or misuse or other attempts to harm our systems. We intend to use our product services and functionality to log information about each system’s use in order to aid us in diagnostics and servicing. Our customers may object to the use of this data, which may require us to implement new or modified data handling policies and mechanisms, increase our system maintenance costs and costs associated with data processing and handling, and harm our business prospects.

Although we have implemented and are in the process of implementing additional systems and processes that are designed to protect our data and systems within our control, prevent data loss and prevent other security breaches and security incidents, these security measures cannot guarantee security. The IT and infrastructure used in our business may be vulnerable to cyberattacks or security breaches or incidents, and third parties may be able to access data, including personal data and other sensitive and proprietary data of us and our customers, collaborators and partners, our employees’ personal data or other sensitive and proprietary data accessible through those systems, or such data otherwise may be subject to unauthorized use, disclosure, unavailability, modification or other processing. Employee error, malfeasance or other errors in the storage, use or transmission of any of these types of data could result in an actual or perceived privacy or security breach or other security incident.

Moreover, there are inherent risks associated with developing, improving, expanding and updating our current systems, such as the disruption of our data management, procurement, production execution, finance, supply chain and sales and service processes. These risks may affect our ability to manage our data and inventory, procure parts or supplies or manufacture, deploy, deliver and service our systems and solutions, adequately protect our intellectual property or achieve and maintain compliance with, or realize available benefits under, applicable laws, regulations and contracts. We cannot be sure that these systems upon which we rely, including those of our third-party vendors or suppliers, will be effectively implemented, maintained or expanded as planned. If we do not successfully implement, maintain or expand these systems as planned, our operations may be disrupted, our ability to accurately and timely report our financial results could be impaired and deficiencies may arise in our internal control over financial reporting, which may impact our ability to certify our financial results. Moreover, our proprietary information or intellectual property could be compromised or misappropriated and our reputation may be adversely affected. If these systems do not operate as we expect them to, we may be required to expend significant resources to make corrections or find alternative sources for performing these functions.

Any actual or perceived security breach or security incident, or any systems outages or other disruption to systems used in our business, could interrupt our operations, result in loss or improper access to, or acquisition, unavailability, modification, disclosure or other processing of, data or a loss of intellectual property protection, harm our reputation and competitive position, reduce demand for our products, damage our relationships with customers, partners, collaborators or others or result in claims, regulatory investigations and proceedings and significant legal, regulatory and financial exposure, and any such incidents or any perception that our security measures are inadequate could lead to loss of confidence in us and harm to our reputation, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Any actual or perceived breach of privacy or security, or other security incident, impacting any entities with which we share or disclose data (including, for example, our third-party technology providers) could have similar effects. We expect to incur significant costs in an effort to detect and prevent privacy and security breaches and other privacy- and security-related incidents, and may face increased costs and requirements to expend substantial resources in the event of an actual or perceived privacy or security breach or other incident.

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A substantial portion of our current revenue is generated by sales to government entities, which are subject to a number of uncertainties, challenges and risks.

Sales to government entities are subject to a number of risks. Selling to government entities can be highly competitive, expensive and time-consuming, often requiring significant upfront time and expense without any assurance that these efforts will generate a sale. In the event that we are successful in being awarded a government contract, such award may be subject to appeals, disputes or litigation, including bid protests by unsuccessful bidders. Government demand and payment for our solutions may be impacted by public sector budgetary cycles and funding authorizations, with funding reductions or delays adversely affecting public sector demand for our solutions. Government entities may have statutory, contractual or other legal rights to terminate our contracts for convenience or default. For purchases by the U.S. federal government, the government may require certain products to be manufactured in the United States and other high cost manufacturing locations, and we or any third-party manufacturers may not manufacture all products in locations that meet government requirements, and as a result, our business and results of operations may suffer.

As a government contractor or subcontractor, we must comply with laws, regulations and contractual provisions relating to the formation, administration and performance of government contracts and inclusion on government contract vehicles, which affect how we and our partners do business with government agencies. U.S. governmental agencies, such as the Defense Contract Audit Agency and the Defense Contract Management Agency, routinely audit and investigate government contractors. In addition, as a result of actual or perceived noncompliance with government contracting laws, regulations or contractual provisions, we may be subject to non-ordinary course audits and internal investigations which may prove costly to our business financially, divert management time or limit our ability to continue selling our products to our government customers. These laws and regulations may impose other added costs on our business, and failure to comply with these or other applicable regulations and requirements, including non-compliance in the past, could lead to claims for damages, downward contract price adjustments or refund obligations, civil or criminal penalties, termination of contracts and suspension or debarment from government contracting for a period of time with government agencies. Any such damages, penalties, disruption or limitation in our ability to do business with a government would adversely impact, and could have a material adverse effect on, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We are subject to U.S. and foreign anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws and regulations. We can face criminal liability and other serious consequences for violations of these laws, which can harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended (FCPA), the U.S. domestic bribery statute contained in 18 U.S.C. § 201, the U.S. Travel Act, and other anti-corruption, anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws, including those of other countries in which we conduct activities. Anti-corruption laws are interpreted broadly and prohibit companies and their employees, business partners, third-party intermediaries, representatives and agents from authorizing, promising, offering or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments or anything else of value to government officials, political candidates, political parties or commercial partners for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing an improper business advantage.

We have direct and indirect interactions with foreign officials, including in furtherance of sales to governmental entities in non-U.S. countries. We sometimes leverage third parties to conduct our business abroad, and our third-party business partners, intermediaries, representatives and agents may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities. We can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our employees or these third-parties, even if we do not explicitly authorize or have actual knowledge of such activities. The FCPA and other applicable laws and regulations also require that we keep accurate books and records and maintain internal controls and compliance procedures designed to prevent any such actions. While we have policies and procedures to address compliance with such laws, our employees, business partners, third-party intermediaries, representatives and agents may take actions in violation of our policies and applicable law, for which we may be ultimately held responsible. Our exposure for violating these laws increases as our international presence expands and as we increase sales and operations in foreign jurisdictions.

Any allegations or violations of the laws and regulations described above may result in whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, substantial civil and criminal fines and penalties, damages, settlements, prosecution, enforcement actions, imprisonment, the loss of export or import privileges, suspension or debarment from government contracts, tax reassessments, breach of contract and fraud litigation, reputational harm and other consequences, any of which could adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. In addition, responding to any investigation or action will likely result in a significant diversion of management’s attention and resources and significant defense costs and other professional fees.

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We are subject to governmental export and import controls and laws that could subject us to liability if we are not in compliance with such laws.

Our products and technology are subject to compliance with any applicable export control, import and economic sanctions laws and regulations, including the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, U.S. International Traffic in Arms Regulations, U.S. Customs regulations and various economic and trade sanctions regulations administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control. Exports of our robotic systems and solutions and technology must be made in compliance with these laws and regulations. If we fail to comply with these laws and regulations, we and certain of our employees could be subject to substantial civil or criminal penalties, including the possible loss of export or import privileges; debarment from U.S. government contracting; fines, which may be imposed on us and responsible employees or managers; and, in extreme cases, the incarceration of responsible employees or managers.

Moreover, international sales of certain of our products may be subject to first obtaining licenses, clearances or authorizations from various regulatory entities. If we are not allowed to export our products or the clearance process is burdensome and costly, our ability to generate revenue would be adversely affected.

In addition, changes to our robotic systems and solutions, or changes in applicable export control, import or economic sanctions laws and regulations may create delays in the introduction and sale of our robotic systems and solutions, constrain collaboration with suppliers or other business partners or, in some cases, prevent the export or import of our robotic systems and solutions to certain countries, governments or persons altogether. Compliance with such laws and regulations may also be costly and require time and attention from our management. Any change in export, import or economic sanctions laws and regulations, shift in the enforcement or scope of existing laws and regulations or change in the countries, governments, persons or technologies targeted by such laws and regulations could also result in decreased use of our robotic systems and solutions, as well as our decreased ability to export or market our robotic systems and solutions to potential customers. Any decreased use of our robotic systems and solutions or limitation on our ability to export or market our robotic systems and solutions would likely adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Our management team has broad discretion in making strategic decisions to execute our growth plans, and our management’s decisions may not be successful in achieving our business objectives or may have unintended consequences that negatively impact our growth prospects.

Our management has broad discretion in making strategic decisions to execute our growth plans and may devote time and company resources to new or expanded solution offerings, potential acquisitions, prospective customers or other initiatives that do not necessarily improve our operating results or contribute to our growth. Management’s failure to make strategic decisions that are ultimately accretive to our growth may result in unfavorable returns and uncertainty about our prospects, each of which could cause the price of our Common Stock to decline.

We may be subject to claims, lawsuits, arbitration proceedings, government investigations and other legal, regulatory and administrative proceedings and face potential liability and expenses related thereto, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

We may be subject to claims, lawsuits, arbitration proceedings, government investigations and other legal, regulatory and administrative proceedings. In addition, we may be subject to the heightened scrutiny that is sometimes directed toward companies taken public via a business combination with a special purpose acquisition company. The outcome of any such claims, investigations or proceedings cannot be predicted with any degree of certainty. In the ordinary course of business we have been and may in the future be the subject of various legal claims. Any such claims, investigations or proceedings against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, be harmful to our reputation, require significant management attention and divert significant resources, and the resolution of any such claims, investigations or proceedings could result in substantial damages, settlement costs, fines or penalties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results or result in harm to our reputation and brand, sanctions, consent decrees, injunctions or other remedies requiring a change in our business practices.

Further, under certain circumstances we may have contractual or other legal obligations to indemnify and to incur legal expenses on behalf of investors, directors, officers employees, customers, vendors or other third-parties. For example, our Amended and Restated Bylaws (the "Bylaws") provide that we will indemnify our directors and officers, and may indemnify our employees, agents and other persons, to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. We have also entered into indemnification agreements with directors and officers that require us, among other things, to indemnify them against claims that may arise do to their service in those capacities. These indemnification agreements also require us to advance expenses reasonably and actually incurred by them in investigating or defending any such claims, and it may be difficult or

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impossible to recover any advanced expenses if it turns out the person was not entitled to indemnification. If we are required or agree to defend or indemnify, or advance expenses to, any of our investors, directors, officers, employees, customers, vendors or other third-parties, we could incur material costs and expenses that could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Changes in tax laws could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, results of operations or financial condition.

We are subject to the tax laws, regulations, and policies of several taxing jurisdictions. Changes in tax laws, as well as other factors, could cause us to experience fluctuations in our tax obligations and effective tax rates and otherwise adversely affect our tax positions and/or our tax liabilities. For example, many countries and local jurisdictions and organizations such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development have proposed or implemented new tax laws or changes to existing tax laws, including additional taxes on payroll or employees. Any new or changes to tax laws could adversely affect our effective tax rate, operating results, tax credits or incentives or tax payments, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, results of operations or financial condition.

Environmental costs and regulation, including in relation to climate change, could adversely affect our future earnings as well as the affordability of our products and services.

We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign requirements for the protection of the environment, including those for discharge of hazardous materials and remediation of contaminated sites. We may become subject to various lawsuits, proceedings and remediation obligations. These types of matters could result in fines, penalties, cost reimbursements or contributions, compensatory or treble damages or non-monetary sanctions or relief. These costs may increase significantly because of future acquisitions, the regulation of new substances, stricter remediation standards for existing regulated substances, changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and regulations or the discovery of previously unknown or more extensive contamination or new contaminants, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial results.

In addition, future regulations in response to global climate change may affect us, our suppliers, and our customers. Such regulations could cause us to incur additional direct costs for compliance, as well as increased indirect costs resulting from our customers, suppliers or both incurring additional compliance costs that are passed on to us. Future climate change regulations could result in decreased demand for our products. If we fail to comply with present and future regulations, or are required to perform site remediation, we could be subject to future liabilities or cost, including penalties or the suspension of production. Present and future regulations may also:

In addition to incurring direct costs to implement any climate-change related laws, regulations or policies, we may see indirect costs rise, such as increased energy or material costs, as a result of policies affecting other sectors of the economy. Although most of these increased costs likely would be recoverable through pricing, to the extent that the increase in our costs as a result of these policies are greater than our competitors we may be less competitive on future bids or the total increased cost in our products and services could result in lower demand from our customers. We cannot accurately predict the materiality of any potential costs associated with such developments. In addition, climate change-related litigation and investigations have increased in recent years and any claims or investigations against us could be costly to defend and our business could be adversely affected by the outcome.

Adverse events or perceptions affecting the financial services industry could adversely affect our operating results, financial condition and prospects.

Limited liquidity, defaults, non-performance or other adverse developments affecting financial institutions or parties with which we do business, or perceptions regarding these or similar risks, have in the past and may in the future lead to market-wide liquidity problems. For example, on March 10, 2023, Silicon Valley Bank, or SVB was closed and placed in receivership. Subsequently, additional financial institutions have been placed into receivership. We did not hold cash deposits or other

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accounts with SVB and did not, and as of the date of this Report do not, otherwise have a direct business relationship with SVB or similarly situation financial institutions. The bulk of our financial assets, including our cash and investments in U.S. government securities, are held and managed within Bank of America and its affiliates (including Merrill Lynch). However, companies that did have a business relationship with SVB faced:

As a result of U.S. government intervention, account holders subsequently regained access to their accounts, including the uninsured portion of deposit accounts. However, borrowers under credit agreements, letters of credit and certain other financial instruments with SVB and similarly situated financial institutions may be unable to access such sources of liquidity. There is no guarantee that the U.S. government will intervene to provide access to uninsured funds in the future in the event of failure of other financial institutions, or that they would do so in a timely fashion. In such an event, parties with which we have commercial agreements, including customers and suppliers, may be unable to satisfy their obligations to us or enter into new commercial arrangements with us.

Any of these risks could materially impact our operating results, liquidity, financial condition and prospects.

Risks Related to Our Technology and Intellectual Property

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain and maintain protection for the intellectual property relating to or incorporated into our products.

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain and maintain protection for the intellectual property relating to or incorporated into our products. We seek to protect our intellectual property through a combination of patents, trademarks and other intellectual property rights, as well as confidentiality and/or intellectual property assignment agreements with our employees and certain of our contractors, consultants, scientific advisors and other vendors and third-parties. In addition, we rely on trade secret law to protect our proprietary software and product candidates/products in development. For more information, see "Business - Intellectual Property" in this Report.

Patent positions covering robotic systems and solutions and human-augmented robotic systems and solutions (e.g., wearable humanoid or exoskeleton robotic systems) inventions can be highly uncertain and involve many new and evolving complex legal, factual and technical issues. Patent laws and interpretations of those laws are subject to change and any such changes may diminish the value of our patents or narrow the scope of our right to exclude others. In addition, we may fail to apply for or be unable to obtain patents necessary to protect our technology or products from competition or fail to enforce our patents due to lack of information about the exact use of technology or processes by third parties or for a variety of other reasons. Also, we cannot be sure that any patents will be granted in a timely manner or at all with respect to any of our pending patent applications or that any patents that are granted will be adequate to exclude others for any significant period of time or at all. Given the foregoing, and in order to continue reducing operational expenses in the future, we may invest fewer resources in filing and prosecuting new patents and on maintaining and enforcing various patents, especially in regions where we currently do not focus our market growth strategy.

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Litigation to establish or challenge the validity of patents, or to defend against or assert against others’ infringement, unauthorized use, enforceability or invalidity, can be lengthy and expensive and may result in our patents being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and may restrict our ability to be granted new patents related to our pending patent applications. Even if we prevail, litigation may be time consuming, force us to incur significant costs and divert management’s attention from managing our business while any damages or other remedies awarded to us may not be valuable or adequate. In addition, U.S. patents and patent applications may be subject to interference or derivation proceedings, and U.S. patents may be subject to re-examination and inter partes or post grant review proceedings in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Furthermore, our issued patents may be subject to claims of invalidity based on earlier filed patents or published applications not discovered in any patent searches or by the patent offices that carried out examination of the issued patents. Foreign patents may also be subject to opposition or comparable proceedings in corresponding foreign patent offices. Any of these proceedings may be expensive and could result in the loss of a patent or denial of a patent application, or the loss or reduction in the scope of one or more of the claims of a patent or patent application.

In addition, we seek to protect our trade secrets, know-how, and confidential information that is not patentable or for which we decide not to seek a patent by entering into confidentiality and intellectual property assignment agreements with our employees and certain of our contractors and confidentiality agreements with certain of our consultants, scientific advisors and other vendors and contractors. However, we may fail to enter into the necessary agreements, and even if entered into, these agreements may be breached or otherwise fail to prevent disclosure, third-party infringement or misappropriation of our proprietary information, may be limited as to their term and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized disclosure or use of proprietary information. Enforcing a claim that a third party illegally obtained or is using our trade secrets without authorization may be expensive and time consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. Some of our employees or consultants or service providers may own certain technology which they license to us for a set term. If these technologies are material to our business after the term of the license, our inability to use them could adversely affect our business and profitability.

We also have taken and continue to take precautions to initiate safeguards to protect our information technology systems. However, these measures may not be adequate to safeguard our proprietary information, which could lead to the loss or impairment thereof or to expensive litigation to defend our rights against competitors who may be better funded and have superior resources. In addition, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or reverse engineer certain aspects of our products that we consider proprietary or our proprietary information may otherwise become known or may be independently developed by our competitors or other third parties. If other parties are able to use our proprietary technology or information, our ability to compete in the market could be harmed. Further, unauthorized use of our intellectual property may have occurred, or may occur in the future, without our knowledge.

We also have made efforts to register and enforce our trademark rights. However, trademark law and the associated infringement analysis is complex, and, notwithstanding our efforts to develop and enforce our trademark portfolio, both outgoing and incoming claims of trademark infringement could lead to limitations, loss or impairment of those trademark rights or to expensive litigation to prosecute or defend our trademark rights against third-party infringers who may be better funded and have superior resources.

If we are unable to obtain or maintain adequate protection for our intellectual property, or if any protection is reduced or eliminated, competitors may be able to use our technologies, resulting in harm to our competitive position and our business.

We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights in all countries.

Filing, prosecuting, maintaining and defending patents and trademarks on each of our products and intellectual property in all countries throughout the world would be prohibitively expensive and time consuming, and thus our intellectual property rights outside the United States are limited. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries, especially developing countries, such as China, do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as federal and state laws in the United States. Also, it may not be possible to effectively enforce intellectual property rights in some countries at all or to the same extent as in the United States and other countries. Consequently, we are unable to prevent third parties from using our inventions in all countries, or from selling or importing products made using our inventions in the jurisdictions in which we do not have (or are unable to effectively enforce) patent protection. Competitors may use our technologies in jurisdictions where they have not obtained patent protection to develop, market or otherwise commercialize their own products, and we may be unable to prevent those competitors from importing those infringing products into territories where we have patent protection, but enforcement may not be as strong as in the United States. These products may compete with our products and our patents and other intellectual property rights may not be effective or sufficient to prevent them from competing in those jurisdictions. Moreover, strategic partners, competitors or others may raise legal challenges against our intellectual property rights or may infringe upon our intellectual property rights, including through means that may be difficult to detect or prevent.

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Many companies have encountered significant problems in protecting and defending intellectual property rights in foreign jurisdictions. Proceedings to enforce our patent rights in the United States or foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial costs and divert our efforts and attention from other aspects of our business, could put our patents at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and our patent applications at risk of not issuing and could provoke third parties to assert patent infringement or other claims against us. We may not prevail in any lawsuits that we initiate and the damages or other remedies awarded, if any, may not be commercially meaningful. Accordingly, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights in the United States and around the world may be inadequate to obtain a significant commercial advantage from the intellectual property that we develop or license from third parties.

We may be subject to intellectual property infringement claims or misappropriation claims, which may be time consuming and expensive and, if adversely determined, could limit our ability to commercialize our products.

Companies operating in the robotics industry may face difficulty enforcing their patent and other intellectual property rights and may become subject to a substantial amount of litigation over these rights. In particular, our competitors in both the United States and abroad, many of which have substantially greater resources than we have and have made substantial investments in competing technologies, have been issued patents and filed patent applications with respect to their products and processes and may apply for other patents in the future. The large number of patents, the rapid rate of new patent issuances and the complexities of the technology involved increase the risk of patent litigation.

Determining whether a product infringes a patent involves complex legal and factual issues and the outcome of patent litigation is often uncertain. No assurance can be given that patents containing claims covering our products, technology or methods do not exist, have not been filed or could not be filed or issued. In addition, because patent applications can take years to issue and because publication schedules for pending applications vary by jurisdiction, there may be applications now pending of which we are unaware and which may result in issued patents that our current or future products infringe. Also, because the claims of published patent applications can change between publication and patent grant, published applications that initially do not appear to be problematic may issue with claims that potentially cover our products, technology or methods. Moreover, there may be pending, published or allowed applications that may disclose, but not claim, subject matter covering our products, technology or methods, where such pending or published applications may be amended, or one or more continuation or divisional applications may be filed, in an attempt to capture, to the extent possible, such products, technology or methods that are in the public domain, and which may result in issued patents that our current or future products infringe.

Infringement actions and other intellectual property claims brought against us, whether with or without merit, may cause us to incur substantial costs and could place a significant strain on our financial resources, divert the attention of management, and harm our reputation. We cannot be certain that we will successfully defend against any allegations of infringement. If we are found to infringe another party’s patents, we could be required to pay damages. We could also be prevented from selling our infringing products, unless we can obtain a license to use the technology covered by such patents or can redesign our products so that they do not infringe. A license may not be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all, and we may not be able to redesign our products to avoid infringement. In these circumstances, we may not be able to sell our products at competitive prices or at all, and our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be harmed.

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Intellectual property discovered through government funded programs may be subject to federal regulations such as “march-in” rights, certain reporting requirements and a preference for U.S.-based companies. Compliance with such regulations may limit our exclusive rights and limit our ability to contract with non-U.S. manufacturers.

We may develop, acquire, or license intellectual property rights that have been generated through the use of U.S. government funding or grants. Pursuant to the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980, the U.S. government has certain rights in inventions developed with government funding. These U.S. government rights may include a non-exclusive, non-transferable, irrevocable worldwide license to use inventions for any governmental purpose. In addition, the U.S. government may have the right, under certain limited circumstances, to require us to grant exclusive, partially exclusive, or non-exclusive licenses to any of these inventions to a third party if the U.S. government determines that: (1) adequate steps have not been taken to commercialize the invention; (2) government action is necessary to meet public health or safety needs; or (3) government action is necessary to meet requirements for public use under federal regulations (also referred to as “march-in rights”). Such “march-in” rights would apply to new subject matter arising from the use of such government funding or grants and would not extend to pre-existing subject matter or subject matter arising from funds unrelated to the government funding or grants. If the U.S. government exercised its march-in rights in our future intellectual property rights that are generated through the use of U.S. government funding or grants, we could be forced to license or sublicense intellectual property we developed or that we license on terms unfavorable to us, and there can be no assurance that we would receive compensation from the U.S. government for the exercise of such rights. The U.S. government may also have the right to take title to these inventions if the grant recipient fails to disclose the invention to the government or fails to file an application to register the intellectual property within specified time limits. Intellectual property generated under a government funded program is also subject to certain reporting requirements, compliance with which may require us to expend substantial resources. In addition, the U.S. government requires that any products embodying any of these inventions or produced through the use of any of these inventions be manufactured substantially in the United States. This preference for U.S. industry may be waived by the federal agency that provided the funding if the owner or assignee of the intellectual property can show that reasonable but unsuccessful efforts have been made to grant licenses on similar terms to potential licensees that would be likely to manufacture substantially in the United States or that under the circumstances domestic manufacture is not commercially feasible. This preference for U.S. industry may limit our ability to contract with non-U.S. product manufacturers for products covered by such intellectual property.

We may be subject to damages resulting from claims that we or our employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of our employees’ former employers.

We may be subject to claims that we or our employees have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of an employee’s former employers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. If we fail in defending such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights or personnel or be forced to seek a license, which may not be available on commercially acceptable terms or at all. A loss of key personnel or their work product could hamper or prevent our ability to commercialize our products, which could severely harm our business. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and demand on management resources.

Risks Related to Ownership of our Common Stock and Warrants

Resales of the shares of Common Stock issued in connection with the Business Combination and our acquisition of RE2 could depress the market price of our Common Stock.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock or Warrants could occur at any time. These sales, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell shares, could reduce the market price of our Common Stock or Warrants.

Common Stock issued to the former securityholders of Old Sarcos (“Old Sarcos Security Holders”) represented approximately 71.4% of our Common Stock outstanding as of December 31, 2022, a portion of which remains subject to lock-up obligations under our Bylaws and under lock-up agreements entered into with us (the “Old Sarcos Lock-up Agreements”).

In connection with the entry by us into the RE2 Lock-up Agreements (as described below), a special committee of our board of directors, consisting solely of independent directors who did not hold, and whose affiliates did not hold, shares of capital stock of Sarcos subject to the applicable terms of the Old Sarcos Lock-up Agreements, recommended to the board of directors that the release provisions in the Old Sarcos Lock-up Agreements be reconciled to the release provisions in the RE2 Lock-up Agreements. On April 25, 2022, the board of directors approved an amendment to the Bylaws and to the Old Sarcos Lock-up Agreements to conform the release provisions to the RE2 Lock-up Agreements.

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Following the amendment described above, Common Stock issued from the exchange or conversion of Old Sarcos common stock, options, RSAs or RSUs is currently subject to the following remaining lock-up periods under the Bylaws and the Old Sarcos Lock-up Agreements:

As of September 24, 2022, the lock-up periods under the Old Sarcos Lock-up Agreements and the Bylaws applicable to Common Stock issued from the exchange or conversion of shares of Old Sarcos preferred stock or warrants have fully expired.

The Common Stock issued upon conversion of the shares of Rotor Class B Common Stock held by certain stockholders, including the Sponsor (the “Founder Shares”), represented approximately 4.2% of our Common Stock outstanding as of December 31, 2022. The applicable lock-up periods for the Common Stock held by the Rotor Restricted Stockholders have expired and such Common Stock is freely tradable.

On April 25, 2022, we issued 10.8 million shares of our Common Stock (the “Consideration Shares”), which represented approximately 7.0% of our Common Stock outstanding as of December 31, 2022, /and assumed certain outstanding options to acquire RE2 common stock which, following such assumption, represent rights to acquire 3.9 million shares of our Common Stock (the “Assumed Options” and together with the Consideration Shares, the “RE2 Lock-up Shares”) in connection with our acquisition of RE2. RE2 securityholders who were RE2 employees and became our employees on such date received in the aggregate 7.0 million Consideration Shares, in addition to the Assumed Options, and entered into lock-up agreements (the “RE2 Lock-up Agreements”), pursuant to which, among other things, they agreed to the following transfer restrictions:

Shares originally issued to PIPE Investors (as defined in Note 1 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report) represented approximately 14.3% of our Common Stock outstanding as of December 31, 2022. These shares are not subject to any lock-up or transfer restrictions.

The price of our Common Stock could decline due to the large number of shares of our Common Stock subject to employee equity awards.

We have granted and expect to continue to grant equity awards to our directors and employees as additional compensation in an effort to align their interests with those of our stockholders. Because awards granted to certain executive officers and directors may be scheduled to vest during specified points in time, such as expected open trading windows under our insider trading policy, there is a potential that sales of large amounts of our Common Stock may take place during concentrated periods, leading to a decline in the price of our Common Stock.

“Sell-to-cover” transactions are often utilized in connection with the vesting and settlement of equity awards that are granted to our employees so that shares of our Common Stock are sold on behalf of our employees in an amount sufficient to cover the tax withholding obligations associated with these awards. As a result of these transactions, a significant number of shares of our Common Stock may be sold over a limited time period in connection with significant vesting events. We may also settle tax withholding obligations in connection with vesting of awards through “net settlement,” in which we remit cash to satisfy the tax withholding obligation and withhold a number of the vested shares on each vesting date. Depending on the fair value

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of our Common Stock and the number of awards vesting on any applicable vesting date, such net settlement could require us to expend substantial funds to satisfy tax withholding.

The markets for our Common Stock and Warrants have been volatile and may not continue at all.

Since the Business Combination and the commencement of the trading of our Common Stock and Warrants on the Nasdaq Global Market, the prices of our Common Stock and Warrants have been volatile and may continue to fluctuate significantly due to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. Any of the factors listed below could have a material adverse effect on your investment in our securities and our securities may trade at prices significantly below the price you paid for them. In such circumstances, the trading price of our securities may not recover and may experience a further decline.

Factors affecting the trading price of our securities may include:

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Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our securities irrespective of our operating performance or any of the factors listed above. The securities markets in general have experienced price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the particular companies affected. The trading prices and valuations of these securities, including our securities, are not predictable. A loss of investor confidence in the market for the stocks of other companies which investors perceive to be similar to us could depress our stock price regardless of our business, prospects, financial conditions or results of operations. A decline in the market price of our securities also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional securities and our ability to obtain additional financing in the future.

Additionally, an active trading market for our securities may not be sustained. If our Common Stock or Warrants become delisted from Nasdaq for any reason and are quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board or OTC Pink, an inter-dealer automated quotation system for equity securities that is not a national securities exchange, the liquidity of our Common Stock or Warrants may be more limited and the price of the securities may be lower than if we were quoted or listed on Nasdaq or another national securities exchange. If an active trading market for our securities is not sustained with sufficient trading volume, you may have limited or no ability to sell your securities.

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been initiated against companies following periods of volatility in their stock price. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources, and could also require us to make substantial payments to satisfy judgments or to settle litigation.

Our Common Stock may be delisted from The Nasdaq Global Market if we cannot satisfy Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements.
 

Our listing on the Nasdaq Global Market is contingent upon meeting all the continued listing requirements of the Nasdaq Global Market. Nasdaq Listing Rule 5450(a)(1) requires listed securities to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share (the “Minimum Bid Price Requirement”), and Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A) provides that a failure to meet the Minimum Bid Price Requirement exists if the deficiency continues for a period of 30 consecutive business days. On January 23, 2023, we received written notice from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq notifying us that, based on the closing bid price of our Common Stock for the previous 30 consecutive business days, we no longer comply with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on The Nasdaq Global Market.

The deficiency notice has no immediate effect on the listing of our Common Stock on The Nasdaq Global Market. Pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), we have been provided an initial compliance period of 180 calendar days to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement. To regain compliance, the closing bid price of our Common Stock must be at least $1.00 per share for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days by July 22, 2023, and we must otherwise satisfy The Nasdaq Global Market’s requirements for listing. If we do not regain compliance by July 22, 2023, we may be eligible for an additional 180 calendar day compliance period if we elect (and meet the listing standards) to transfer to The Nasdaq Capital Market to take advantage of the additional compliance period offered on that market, unless it does not appear to Nasdaq that it is possible for us to cure the deficiency. To qualify, we would be required, among other things, to meet the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares as well as all other standards for initial listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market, with the exception of the Minimum Bid Price Requirement, and would need to provide written notice to Nasdaq of our intention to cure the bid price deficiency during the second compliance period. If it does not appear to Nasdaq that it is possible for us to cure the deficiency, or if we do not regain compliance within the allotted compliance period(s), including any extensions that may be granted by Nasdaq, Nasdaq will provide notice that our Common Stock will be subject to delisting. We would then be entitled to appeal Nasdaq’s determination, but there can be no assurance that such appeal would be successful.
 

We intend to monitor the closing bid price of our Common Stock and consider available options to resolve the noncompliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement, which could include seeking to effect a reverse stock split. While we plan to review all available options, we may not be able to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement or otherwise be in

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compliance with other Nasdaq listing criteria. A delisting of our Common Stock from Nasdaq could materially reduce the liquidity of our Common Stock, impairing your ability to sell or purchase shares of our Common Stock when you wish to do so, and could result in a corresponding material reduction in the price of our Common Stock. In addition, delisting could harm our ability to raise capital through alternative financing sources on terms acceptable to us, or at all, and may result in the potential loss of confidence by investors and employees. In the event of a delisting, any action taken by us to restore compliance with listing requirements may not be sufficient to allow the Common Stock to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our Common Stock, prevent our Common Stock from dropping below the Nasdaq minimum bid price requirement or prevent future non-compliance with Nasdaq’s listing requirements.

If securities or industry analysts cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our Common Stock, then the price and trading volume of our Common Stock could decline.

The trading markets for our Common Stock and Warrants will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. If any of the analysts who cover us now or in the future change their recommendation regarding our stock adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, the price of our Common Stock and Public Warrants would likely decline. If any analyst covering our company now or in the future were to cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause the prices and trading volumes of the Common Stock and Public Warrants to decline.

There is no guarantee that the Public Warrants or Private Placement Warrants will ever be in the money, and they may expire worthless.

The exercise price of our Warrants is higher than is typical with many companies that have merged with similar blank check companies in the past. Historically, with regard to units offered by blank check companies, the exercise price of a Warrant was generally a fraction of the purchase price of the units in the initial public offering. The exercise price for our Warrants is $11.50 per share of Common Stock. There is no guarantee that the Warrants will ever be in the money prior to their expiration, and as such, the Warrants may expire worthless.

We may redeem unexpired Warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to Warrant holders, thereby making their Warrants worthless.

We have the ability to redeem outstanding Warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, subject to certain exceptions, provided that the last reported sales price of our Common Stock equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalization and the like) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading-day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which we give proper notice of such redemption to the Warrant holders and provided certain other conditions are met. For additional information on the circumstances in which the Public Warrants may be redeemed, see "Description of Securities—Warrants—Public Stockholders’ Warrants" in our prospectus filed with the SEC on April 6, 2022. If and when the Warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. Redemption of the outstanding Warrants could force the Warrant holders (i) to exercise their Warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for them to do so, (ii) to sell their Warrants at the then-current market price when they might otherwise wish to hold their Warrants or (iii) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding Warrants are called for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of their Warrants. None of the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by us so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, subject to certain exceptions.

Warrants are exercisable for Common Stock, and their exercise would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our stockholders.

As of December 31, 2022, we had outstanding Public Warrants to purchase approximately 13,831,262 shares of Common Stock at $11.50 per share and Private Placement Warrants to purchase 6,718,191 shares at $11.50 per share. The shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of our Warrants will result in dilution to the then existing holders of Common Stock and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock or Public Warrants.

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The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants except that, so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, (i) they will not be redeemable by us subject to certain exceptions, (ii) they may be exercised by the holders on a cashless basis and (iii) they are subject to registration rights.

Anti-takeover provisions contained in our Charter and Bylaws, as well as provisions of Delaware law, could impair a takeover attempt, which could limit the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for our Common Stock.

Our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Charter”) and Bylaws contain provisions that may discourage unsolicited takeover proposals that stockholders may consider to be in their best interests. We are also subject to anti-takeover provisions under Delaware law, which could delay or prevent a change of control. Together, these provisions may make more difficult the removal of management and may discourage transactions that otherwise could involve payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for our securities. These provisions include:

Our Bylaws provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for certain stockholder litigation matters, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or stockholders.

Our Bylaws provide, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that internal corporate claims may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have, or declines to accept, jurisdiction, another state court or a federal court located within the State of Delaware). In addition, our Bylaws provide that the federal district courts of the United States will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. This forum selection provision will not apply to claims brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in our stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the forum provision in our Bylaws.

This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our Bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition. For example, under the Securities Act, federal courts have concurrent jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act, and investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Accordingly, there is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce such a forum selection provision as written in connection with claims arising under the Securities Act.

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The JOBS Act permits “emerging growth companies” like us to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Securities Act, as modified by the JOBS Act. As such, we take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies for as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, including (i) the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements with respect to internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, (ii) the exemptions from say-on-pay, say-on-frequency and say-on-golden parachute voting requirements and (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements. As a result, our stockholders may not have access to certain information they deem important. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following January 20, 2026, the fifth anniversary of Rotor’s initial public offering, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our Common Stock and Public Warrants that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our prior second fiscal quarter, and (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the exemption from complying with new or revised accounting standards provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act as long as we are an emerging growth company. An emerging growth company can therefore delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies, but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected to avail ourselves of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Investors may find our Common Stock or Public Warrants less attractive because we rely on these exemptions and may continue to rely on them to the extent they remain available to us. If some investors find our Common Stock or Public Warrants less attractive as a result of these exemptions and reduced disclosure as an emerging growth company, there may be a less active trading market for and/or more price volatility with respect to our Common Stock or Public Warrants.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2. Properties.

Our primary corporate and manufacturing facility is located in Salt Lake City, Utah consisting of approximately 61,000 square feet of leased space. The lease expires in May 2033 and has two options to extend the lease for three-year periods. In addition to our location in Salt Lake City, Utah, we have facilities in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania consisting of approximately 52,000 square feet of leased space. Should we need additional space, we believe we will be able to obtain additional space on commercially reasonable terms.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings. We are not currently a party to or aware of any proceedings that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Regardless of outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information

Our Common Stock and Warrants are traded on The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbols “STRC” and “STRCW,” respectively.

Holders

As of March 1, 2023, there were 275 stockholders of record of our Common Stock and 31 holders of record of our warrants.

Dividend Policy

We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings to fund the growth and development of our business. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We do not intend to pay cash dividends to our stockholders in the foreseeable future. Investors should not purchase our Common Stock with the expectation of receiving cash dividends.

Any future determination to declare dividends will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements, general business conditions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Item 6. [Reserved.]

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth in Part I Item 1A Risk Factors and elsewhere in this Annual Report. See also Part I Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements in this Annual Report.

Overview

We are a technology leader in the design, development and manufacture of advanced robotic systems and solutions that redefine human possibilities. Our mission is to increase worker productivity and longevity and prevent injuries through robotics. Our robotic systems are designed to augment and increase human productivity, rather than replace humans, by combining human intelligence, instinct and judgment with the strength, endurance and precision of machines.

Our core systems consist of the Guardian XM, Guardian XT and Guardian Sea Class teleoperated/semi-autonomous systems and the Guardian XO exoskeleton. We adapt these core systems for specific use-cases based on the capabilities and characteristics of each system to create solutions. We may also combine aspects of multiple systems or create a specific system for a particular solution.

Based on feedback from our development customers and potential commercial customers, we have decided to offer our systems and solutions primarily through a sales business model where the customer purchases a system or solution for a one-time, upfront amount. We also plan to offer software upgrades and additional capabilities and to offer for sale add-on hardware components (such as additional interchangeable end-effectors).

Business Combination

On September 24, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), we consummated a business combination (the “Business Combination”) pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 5, 2021, by and among Rotor Acquisition Corp. (“Rotor”), Rotor Merger Sub Corp., a Delaware corporation, and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Rotor (“Merger Sub”), and Sarcos Corp., a Utah corporation (“Old Sarcos”) and Amendment No. 1 to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of August 28, 2021 (the “Amendment” and the Original Merger Agreement, as amended, the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Rotor, Merger Sub and Old Sarcos. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Business Combination between Rotor and Old Sarcos was effected through the merger of Merger Sub with and into Old Sarcos, with Old Sarcos continuing as the surviving corporation (the “Merger”) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. On the Closing Date, Rotor changed its name to Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation.

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse capitalization, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded, in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under this method of accounting, Rotor is treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the financial statements of the combined entity represent a continuation of the financial statements of Old Sarcos with the Business Combination being treated as the equivalent of Old Sarcos issuing stock for the net assets of Rotor, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Old Sarcos and Rotor are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Financial statement information, including results of operations prior to the Business Combination are those of Old Sarcos.

Response to COVID-19

On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern” and on March 11, 2020, declared it to be a pandemic. Actions taken around the world to help mitigate the spread of COVID-19 include restrictions on travel, quarantines in certain areas and forced closures for certain types of public places and businesses. COVID-19 and actions taken to mitigate its spread have had and may continue to have an adverse impact on the economies and financial markets of many countries, including the geographies in which Sarcos operates.

We took several actions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic that resulted in significant disruptions to how we operate our business. Our customers and partners adopted similar policies. These actions and policies of ours and our customers and partners are evolving as laws, regulations and recommendations evolve. Although many of these measures are no longer in effect, we have experienced, and may continue to experience, an adverse impact on certain parts of our business as a result of

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measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic and their resulting economic effects. Further, discontinued measures could be reinstituted, for example as a result of government requirements or in response to new variants of COVID-19.

We have experienced and may continue to experience disruptions in our supply chain, due in part to the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Depending upon the duration of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the associated business interruptions, our customers, suppliers, manufacturers and partners may suspend or delay their engagements with us, which could result in a material adverse effect on our financial condition and ability to meet current timelines. In an effort to manage potential supply chain risks, in particular increasing and unpredictable lead-times, we have accelerated and expect to continue to accelerate purchases of various materials, parts and components for the foreseeable future to support product development and current and future production of our commercial units, which has and will likely continue to increase our use of cash. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected and may continue to affect our ability to recruit skilled employees to join our team. The conditions caused by the pandemic have adversely affected and may continue to adversely affect, among other things, demand for our products and the ability to test and assess our robotic systems with potential customers any of which adversely affects our business, results of operations and financial condition. The duration and extent of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts cannot be accurately predicted at this time, and the ultimate direct and indirect impacts on our business, results of operations and financial condition will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain.

The global impact of COVID-19 continues to rapidly evolve, and we will continue to monitor the situation and the effects on our business and operations closely. We do not yet know the full extent of potential impacts on our business or operations. In particular, the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic may not be fully reflected in our operating results until future periods. Given this uncertainty, we cannot reasonably estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our future results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.

Key Factors Affecting Operating Results

We believe that our performance and future success depend on several factors that present significant opportunities for us but also pose risks and challenges, including those discussed below and in Part I Item 1A Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Development, Testing and Commercial Launch of our Core Products

We expect that revenue from the commercial launch of three of our core products, the Guardian XT, Guardian XM and Guardian Sea Class, will determine our near-term financial success. We began initial production of commercial units of the Guardian XM during September 2022 and initial production of commercial units of the Guardian XT during December 2022. We expect that we will have units of both of these systems available for delivery to customers in the first half of 2023. In large part due to significant supply chain disruptions that have limited our supply of parts common to both the Guardian XO and Guardian XT and certain parts pertaining to the Guardian XO, we have prioritized the commercialization of the Guardian XT and Guardian XM and delayed the commercial launch of the Guardian XO. We chose to prioritize the Guardian XT and Guardian XM as we were closer to completing development of commercial units for those products and initial demand for those products appears strong, and our ongoing re-design of the Guardian XO in order to decrease its weight and integrate customer feedback will require additional time to complete. Timelines may be delayed, including due to challenges in recruiting skilled employees, difficulties in securing components and materials, development delays, difficulties relating to manufacturing of the units and other factors discussed under Part I Item 1A Risk Factors “Risks Related to Our Business and Industry.” Such challenges may result in further delay of the anticipated commercial launch of one or more of our products, which would adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

Financing of Operations

Prior to commercialization, we must complete the development, testing and manufacturing requirements of our products. As a result, we will spend a material portion of our cash on hand to develop our products and fund operations for the foreseeable future. The amount and timing of our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including the pace and results of our product development efforts, our ability to manufacture, sell and deliver commercial products and thereby recognize associated revenue, capital requirements to build commercial products prior to receiving payments sufficient to cover our costs and our ability to lower product costs as volumes increase. We currently expect to obtain outside financing to help cover production costs for product orders. In addition, although we believe we have sufficient capital to fund our business for at least the next 12 months, we expect to seek additional financing during that time to bolster our cash reserves and ensure our ability to continue to pursue our business objectives. Any delays in the successful completion of the commercialization of our Guardian XT, Guardian XM, Guardian Sea Class and Guardian XO products will negatively impact our ability to generate revenue, our profitability and our overall operating performance.

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Acquisition and Integration of RE2

On April 25, 2022, we acquired RE2, Inc., a Pittsburgh, PA based developer of manipulator arms with human-like performance, intuitive robot interfaces and advanced autonomy capabilities for use in any environment. At closing, we paid approximately $30 million in cash, net of cash acquired, issued approximately 10.8 million shares of Common Stock and assumed certain outstanding options to acquire RE2 common stock which, following such assumption, represent rights to acquire 3.9 million shares of Common Stock. The results presented and discussed below include the activity for RE2 from the acquisition date through December 31, 2022. Our results do not include RE2’s financial information prior to the acquisition.

Customer Demand

Although our Guardian XT and Guardian XM units are not yet commercially available and we have only recently begun production of commercial units in limited quantities, we have received interest from potential customers that have tested or witnessed demonstrations of our pre-commercial units. However, because our robotic systems represent a new product category in markets that currently rely generally on conventional, manual systems, the market demand for our products is unproven, and important assumptions about the characteristics of targeted markets, pricing and sales cycles may be inaccurate. If customer demand does not develop as expected or we do not accurately forecast pricing, adoption rates and sales cycles for our products, our business, results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected.

Manufacturing of Our Products

To the extent we obtain commercial orders for our products, we will need to manufacture and deliver them to our customers. We have recently entered into an agreement with a third-party contract manufacturer and expect to generally outsource manufacturing of our products over time. However, engaging with a manufacturing partner will likely require significant time, ramp-up, testing and coordination before high-volume production capability by the partner is achieved. We currently do not anticipate high-volume production by a contract manufacturing partner to be in place until at least the end of 2023. We expect that this contract manufacturing partner will initially focus on helping us produce sub-systems for the Guardian XT. We expect that in 2023 we will have the internal capability to manufacture a total of between 300 – 500 systems, depending on the mix. However, we do not believe that we will use all of that capacity in 2023. For additional information around the risks associated with contract manufacturing see Part I Item 1A Risk Factors “Our expected transition to an outsourced manufacturing business model may not be successful, which could harm our ability to deliver products and recognize revenue.”

Continued Investment and Innovation

We are a pioneer in the robotic systems industry and benefit from lessons learned over 30 years and significant investment in research and development in our proprietary technologies and our extensive patent portfolio. However, our financial performance is significantly dependent on our ability to maintain this leading position and further dependent on the investments we make in research and development. It is important that we continually identify and respond to rapidly evolving customer requirements, develop and introduce innovative new products, enhance and service existing products and generate active market demand for our robotic systems. If we fail to do this, our market position and revenue may be adversely affected, and our investments into these technologies will not be recovered.

Geopolitical and Macro-economic Environment

Geopolitical and macro-economic factors, such as inflation, rising interest rates, oil prices, unemployment rates, the war in Ukraine, volatility in the stock market and political or social unrest, can have significant impacts on economic activity, which in turn could affect demand for our products or our ability to cost-effectively develop, sell and manufacture our products. Among other things, these and similar factors can affect our supply chain, our ability to hire qualified personnel, our labor and materials costs, the prices we charge for our products and the budgets of our customers and their expected return-on-investment from the purchase of or subscription for our products. Many of these factors are outside of our control but can have a significant impact on our business success and operating results. If we are unable to manage our business successfully in response to any such factors, our business and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Basis of Presentation

Currently, we conduct business through one operating segment. All long-lived assets are maintained in, and all losses are attributable to, the United States of America. See Note 14, Segment Information, in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for more information about our operating segment.

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Components of Results of Operations

Revenue, net

We derive our revenue from two sources. First, we enter into research and development agreements primarily relating to the commercialization of our products. Second, we sell our products and related parts and repair services. Product development contract revenue consists of revenue arising from different types of contractual arrangements, including cost-type contracts and fixed-price contracts. Product revenue primarily consists of sales of the Company’s products.

Product Development Contract Revenue

Cost-type contracts – Research, development and/or testing service contracts, including cost-plus-fixed-fee and time and material contracts, relate primarily to the development of our robotics systems and related technology. Cost-type contracts are generally entered into with the U.S. government. These contracts are billed at cost plus a margin as defined by the contract and Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”). The FAR establishes regulations around procurement by the government and provides guidance on the types of costs that are allowable in establishing prices for goods and services delivered under government contracts. Revenue on cost-type contracts is recognized over time as goods and services are provided.

Fixed-price contracts – Fixed-price development contracts relate primarily to the development of technology in the area of robotic systems. Fixed-price development contracts generally require a significant service of integrating a complex set of tasks and components into a single deliverable. Revenue on fixed-price contracts is generally recognized over time as goods and services are provided. To the extent our actual costs vary from the fixed fee, we will generate more or less profit or could incur a loss. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 606, for fixed price contracts, we will recognize losses at the contract level in earnings in the period in which they are incurred.

Product Revenue

Product revenue relates to sales of our products, and certain miscellaneous parts, accessories and repair services. We provide a limited one-year warranty on product sales. Product warranties are considered assurance-type warranties and are not considered to be separate performance obligations. Product revenue is recognized at the point in time when ownership of the goods is transferred, generally at the time of shipment to the customer. At the time product revenue is recognized, an accrual is established for estimated warranty expenses based on historical experience as well as anticipated product performance.

Operating Expenses

Cost of Revenue

Our cost of revenue consists of direct and overhead expenses related to either the sale of our products or our product development contract revenue. Direct expenses include direct labor used in the production of a product or in our product development contracts, benefits expense associated with direct labor and materials directly tied to our product sale or product development contracts. Overhead expenses include allocable supervisory labor, benefits expense associated with supervisory labor, allocation of facilities expense including rent and utilities and allocation of IT labor support and equipment. Overhead expenses not allocated to cost of revenue are expensed across research and development, general and administrative and sales and marketing expenses, as applicable.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses are mainly comprised of costs from the continuing development and refinement of our existing robotic systems and the continuing research and development costs associated with our future products. These expenses include labor and related benefit expenses, materials and supplies used in our laboratories, patent expenses and related overhead expenses. Our research and development expenses may fluctuate as a percentage of our revenue from period to period due to the timing and extent of these expenses.

General and Administrative

Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee-related costs for our finance, legal, people success and other administrative teams, as well as certain executives. In addition, general and administrative expenses include insurance,

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public company compliance related costs, including outside legal and accounting expenses, other professional fees, facilities and IT expense not allocated to other operating expense categories, and related overhead expense.

Sales and Marketing

Our sales and marketing expenses arise from our activities relating to our efforts to market and sell our products and services. The expenses consist primarily of labor, benefits and employee-related costs, marketing programs and events, customer service, lead generation fees, product marketing expense, public relations fees and travel associated with sales generation and marketing support and related overhead expense.

We plan to continue to invest in sales and marketing to grow our customer base and increase our brand awareness. The trend and timing of sales and marketing expenses will depend in part on the timing of the commercial launch of our products and their reception by the market. As our product sales grow, we expect that sales and marketing expenses will increase in absolute dollars in future periods; however, we expect our sales and marketing expenses to decrease as a percentage of our revenue over the long term, although our sales and marketing expenses may fluctuate as a percentage of our revenue from period to period due to the timing and extent of these expenses.

Intangible Amortization Expense

Amortization of intangible assets primarily consists of amortization of identified finite-lived trade name and trademarks, developed technology, and customer relationship assets that were allocated a portion of the purchase price from the acquisition of RE2. These costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over 5 to 9 year useful lives and, as a result, amortization expense on these assets is expected to increase slightly next year and then remain stable over the coming years.

Goodwill Impairment

Goodwill represents the excess of consideration transferred over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible net assets acquired and the liabilities assumed in a business combination. All of our goodwill was recognized from the acquisition of RE2. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.

We currently operate as a single reporting unit. When testing goodwill for impairment, we have the option of first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we elect to bypass the qualitative assessment, or if a qualitative assessment indicates it is more likely than not that carrying value exceeds its fair value, we perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under the quantitative goodwill impairment test, if our reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, we will record an impairment charge based on that difference. During the fourth quarter of 2022, due to the sustained decreases in our publicly quoted share price and market capitalization, we performed a quantitative goodwill impairment test. Based on the results of the quantitative goodwill impairment assessment we concluded that the carrying value of the single reporting unit exceeded its fair value and that our goodwill was fully impaired as of December 31, 2022. We recorded a $70.2 million non-cash goodwill impairment charge during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022.

Other Income (Loss)

Interest Income (Expense), net

Interest income consists primarily of interest received or earned on our cash and marketable securities balances. Portions of our cash resided in money market investments and in U.S. Treasury securities at various points during the year. Interest expense is primarily due to interest paid on leased equipment used for our software platforms.

Gain (Loss) Warrant Liability

Gain (loss) on warrant liability consists of the change in fair value of the private placement warrants we assumed as part of the Business Combination.

Gain on Forgiveness of Notes Payable

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Gain on forgiveness of notes payable consists of gains recognized as a result of the forgiveness of our loans received under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”).

Other Income, net

Other income, net consists primarily of other miscellaneous non-operating items such as proceeds from the CARES Act employee retention credit.

Income Tax Benefit (Expense)

Income taxes consist of taxes currently due plus deferred income taxes related primarily to differences between the tax bases and financial reporting bases of assets and liabilities. The deferred income taxes represent the future tax return consequences of those differences, which will either be taxable or deductible when the assets and liabilities are recovered or settled.

Results of Operations

The discussion below regarding our results of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, includes the financial results of RE2 beginning on the acquisition date of April 25, 2022 through December 31, 2022. Our results do not include RE2’s financial information prior to the acquisition.

Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2022, and 2021

Revenue, net

The following table presents our revenue for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

Revenue increased by $9.5 million, or 187%, from $5.1 million in the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, to $14.6 million in the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, as explained below.

Product Development Contract Revenue

Revenue derived from product development contracts increased by $10.7 million, or 297%, from $3.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 to $14.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to revenue recognized by RE2 from the acquisition date through December 31, 2022 pertaining to ongoing product development contracts. We expect future revenue from product development contracts to increase on a year over year basis due to the inclusion of RE2 product development contract revenue for the full year and as we bring on additional development contracts that support our commercialization efforts. As we focus on initial commercial product sales of our core product portfolio, our product development contract revenue will decrease as a percentage of total revenue.

Product Revenue

Revenue derived from product sales decreased by $1.2 million, or 78%, from $1.5 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 to $0.3 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. The decrease was a result of reduced sales of our legacy products to focus on the commercialization of our core product portfolio.

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Operating Expenses

The following table presents our operating expenses for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

*NM - Not Meaningful

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue increased by $7.7 million, or 200%, from $3.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, to $11.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. Cost of revenue increased significantly mainly due to the increase in revenue from the inclusion of RE2's product development contract revenue and the costs associated with that revenue beginning April 25, 2022.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses increased by $16.6 million, or 95%, from $17.5 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, to $34.1 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. The increase was driven primarily by an increase in labor and overhead expense as a result of increased headcount (due in part to the RE2 acquisition) and third-party service provider costs as we focused on the development and commercialization of our Guardian XT, Guardian XM, Guardian Sea Class and Guardian XO products. We expect research and development expenses to decrease slightly during 2023 on a year-over-year basis as we continue to develop and refine our existing products and further enhance our efforts on our future products and software.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses increased by $5.4 million, or 9%, from $58.1 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, to $63.5 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. General and administrative expenses increased due to increased legal expenses, business insurance expenses, increased headcount (due in part to the acquisition of RE2) and related expenses. With the exception of stock-based compensation expense, we expect our general and administrative expenses to increase slightly during 2023 on a year-over-year basis as we work on our commercialization pathway and maintain public-company compliance requirements, but to decrease as a percentage of revenue.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing expenses increased by $3.3 million, or 50%, from $6.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, to $9.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. This increase was driven by an increase in professional service fees due to the engagement of a third-party vendor utilized in data management of our products and services, and increased headcount expenses, including increased stock-based compensation expense and increased expenses related to additional headcount due in part to our RE2 acquisition. We expect our sales and marketing expenses to increase during 2023 on a year-over-year basis as our revenue increases.

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Intangible Amortization Expense

Intangible amortization expenses increased by $2.2 million, from $0.0 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, to $2.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. The increase in intangible amortization expense is due to the recognition of amortization expenses for the identified intangible assets recorded as part of the RE2 acquisition.

Goodwill Impairment

We fully impaired our goodwill and recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment of $70.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 compared to no impairment for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021. The non-cash goodwill impairment was primarily driven by the sustained decrease in the Company’s publicly quoted share price and market capitalization.

Other Income (Loss)

The following table presents other income (loss) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

Other income was $16.0 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, as compared to other loss of $0.5 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, as a result of the increase in unrealized mark-to-market gain on our outstanding private placement warrants and increased interest income, partially offset by the gain on forgiveness of notes payable recorded in the prior year period in connection with the forgiveness of our PPP loans.

Income Tax Benefit (Expense)

Income tax benefit increased to $3.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, compared to $0.0 million in income tax expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021. The income tax benefit recorded during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 is due to the removal of a portion of our previously recorded valuation allowance on our net deferred tax assets associated with net deferred tax liabilities recorded as part of the acquisition of RE2, resulting in an income tax benefit recognized during the period. The future reversal of the net deferred tax liabilities is a source of taxable income to be considered by us when determining whether a valuation allowance is needed for our existing net deferred tax assets.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Prior to the closing of the Business Combination, Old Sarcos financed its operations through private placements of redeemable convertible preferred stock, from the limited sale of Guardian S units and other commercially available products and by providing product development contract services and as a subcontractor for prime contractors working with the U.S. Department of Defense.

Upon the closing of the Business Combination, we retained approximately $228.8 million in cash proceeds, net of fees and expenses related to the Business Combination, including $220 million from the PIPE Financing.

We currently use cash to fund operations and capital expenditures and meet working capital requirements. As of December 31, 2022, we had $114.5 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities on hand will be sufficient to support operations, working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months from the date of this report; however, we may need to secure additional financing prior to achieving positive operating cash flows, which we do not expect to occur until 2025 at the earliest.

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The amount and timing of our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including the pace and results of our product development efforts, our ability to manufacture and deliver commercial products and thereby recognize associated revenue, capital requirements to build commercial products prior to receiving payments sufficient to cover our costs and our ability to lower product costs as volumes increase. Any delays in the successful completion of the commercialization of our products will negatively impact our ability to generate revenue, our profitability and our overall operating performance.

In addition, we may enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, services and technologies, which may require acquisition capital as well as operational capital for these acquisitions or arrangements. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing to facilitate these arrangements. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us, or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially and adversely affected.

We expect our operating and capital expenditures to increase as we increase headcount, expand our operations and grow our customer base. If additional funds are required to support our working capital requirements, for acquisitions or for other purposes, we may seek to raise funds through additional debt or equity financings or from other sources. We currently expect to obtain outside financing to help cover production costs for product orders. In addition, although we believe we have sufficient capital to fund our business for at least the next 12 months, we may seek additional financing during that time to bolster our cash reserves and ensure our ability to continue to pursue our business objectives. We are satisfied with our liquidity and currently have no plans to do an equity financing in 2023. We will continue monitoring our liquidity, financial and business results and outlook and market conditions, and could change our plans if we determine it to be necessary or advisable. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of our equity holders could be significantly diluted and these newly issued securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of existing equity holders. If we raise additional funds by obtaining loans from third parties, the terms of those financing arrangements may include negative covenants or other restrictions on our business that could impair our operating flexibility and would also require us to incur additional interest expense. Additional financing may not be available at all or, if available, may not be available on terms favorable to us or that we find acceptable.

As of December 31, 2022, our total minimum lease payments are $17.2 million, of which $1.5 million are due in the next 12 months. Additionally, as of December 31, 2022, we had unconditional purchase commitments of $36.0 million, of which $8.0 million is due in the next twelve months. For detail regarding our lease obligations and unconditional purchase commitments refer to Note 4 Leases and Note 13, Commitments and Contingencies, to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flow data for the periods presented:

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

Cash flows used in operating activities during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, increased by $23.3 million to $65.4 million from $42.1 million during the same period in 2021. The increase to net cash used in operating activities was primarily attributable to a $75.6 million increase to net loss, an $18.4 million increase to gains on warrant liability revaluation and a $7.5 million decrease in stock-based compensation, partially offset by goodwill impairment of $70.2 million and $6.0 million of other non-cash expenses. Additionally, net cash used in operating activities related to changes in operating assets and liabilities decreased by $2.0 million, driven mainly by decreases prepaid expenses, partially offset by decreases in accrued liabilities and other non-current liabilities and increases in inventory and billed and unbilled receivables.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

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Our net cash used in investing activities increased by $104.4 million. The increase in cash used in investing activities is due to the purchase of marketable securities during the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 of $77.9 million, net of maturities, and $29.7 million of net cash used as part of the purchase consideration for the RE2 acquisition.

Net Cash (Used In) Provided by Financing Activities

Our overall cash provided by financing activities decreased by $237.8 million. The decrease was due mainly to the cash proceeds from the Business Combination and PIPE Financing of approximately $228.8 million, net of expenses and fees, which was completed during the third quarter of 2021 and $2.0 million of proceeds from loans received under the PPP for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, $8.1 million was used to repurchase shares of common stock that were withheld for payment of tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of equity awards, partially offset by proceeds from the exercise of stock options.

Emerging Growth Company Status

Section 102(b)(1) of the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”) exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can choose not to take advantage of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies, and any such election to not take advantage of the extended transition period is irrevocable.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, and have elected to take advantage of the benefits of the extended transition period for new or revised financial accounting standards. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which the market value of Common Stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the end of that year’s second fiscal quarter, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of $1.235 billion or more during such fiscal year (as indexed for inflation), (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt in the prior three-year period or (iv) December 31, 2025, and we expect to continue to take advantage of the benefits of the extended transition period, although we may decide to early adopt such new or revised accounting standards to the extent permitted by such standards. This may make it difficult or impossible to compare our financial results with the financial results of another public company that is either not an emerging growth company or is an emerging growth company that has chosen not to take advantage of the extended transition period exemptions because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, revenue and expenses at the date of the financial statements. Generally, we base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions in accordance with GAAP that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Critical accounting policies and estimates are those that we consider the most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations because they require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Our critical accounting policies and estimates include those related to:

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue from the sale of our robotic systems and from contractual arrangements to perform product development contract services that are fully funded by our customers. We recognize revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenue from product development contracts is recognized over time as products and services are provided. For fixed priced contracts we measure progress toward satisfaction of performance obligations using costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs (“cost-to-cost”). Research and development contracts may last multiple years and estimation of the total transaction price and expected cost requires management’s judgment. Based on the nature of the Company’s research and development contracts, the work to be performed is often complex and may involve new processes, procedures, and tasks which

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creates uncertainty in estimating contract costs. All estimates impacting revenue recognition, including estimates of total expected costs, or Estimates at Completion, are reviewed on a periodic basis, at least quarterly.

For those performance obligations for which revenue is recognized using a cost-to-cost input method, changes in total estimated costs, and related progress towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the revisions to the estimates are made. Changes in judgments with respect to these assumptions and estimates could impact the timing or amount of revenue recognition.

Stock-Based Compensation

We use the fair value approach to account for stock-based compensation in accordance with current accounting guidance and recognize stock-based compensation expenses over the period the recipient is required to provide service in exchange for the award. The Black-Scholes option pricing model is used to estimate the fair value of stock options, which requires the use of a number of assumptions, including expected volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. The fair value of restricted stock grants is based on the closing market price of our stock on the date of grant less the expected dividend yield. For awards with market based vesting conditions, we estimate the grant date fair value using a Monte-Carlo simulation model or other similar valuation model. These models require the use of assumptions such as the risk-free rate, expected volatility, expected dividends and the correlation coefficient. As we accumulate additional employee stock-based awards data over time and as we incorporate market data related to our common stock, we may calculate significantly different volatilities and expected lives, which could materially impact the valuation of our stock-based awards and the stock-based compensation expense that we will recognize in future periods.

Valuation of Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

Goodwill is initially recorded when the purchase price paid for a business acquisition exceeds the estimated fair value of the net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired. The allocation of the purchase price of the acquired businesses to goodwill and intangible assets requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions, including estimates of future cash flows expected to be generated by the acquired assets and the appropriate discount rate for those cash flows. Should conditions differ from management’s estimates at the time of the acquisition, material write-downs of goodwill and/or intangible assets may be required.

We evaluate goodwill for impairment at least annually or whenever an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The evaluation includes consideration of qualitative factors including industry and market considerations, overall financial performance, and other relevant events and factors affecting the reporting unit. If we determine that a quantitative analysis is necessary, we perform a quantitative analysis which consists of a comparison of the fair value of a reporting unit against its carrying amount, including the goodwill allocated to each reporting unit. We determine the fair value of our reporting unit based on an income approach. The income approach is based on the present value of estimated future cash flows of the reporting units. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit is in excess of its fair value, the difference between the fair value and carrying amount is recorded as an impairment loss.

An impairment loss on intangible assets with definite useful lives exists when the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount. If the carrying amount exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets.

During the fourth quarter of 2022, due to the sustained decrease in our publicly quoted share price and market capitalization, we performed a quantitative goodwill impairment test. Based on the results of the quantitative goodwill impairment assessment we concluded that the carrying value of the single reporting unit exceeded its fair value and that our goodwill was fully impaired as of December 31, 2022. We recorded a $70.2 million non-cash goodwill impairment charge for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. During the fourth quarter of 2022 we also tested our intangible assets with definite lives for impairment and found no impairment.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for recently adopted accounting pronouncements and recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information otherwise required under this item.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation (the Company) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Adoption of New Accounting Standard

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for leases as a result of the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), using the modified retrospective transition method effective January 1, 2022.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020.

Salt Lake City, Utah

March 16, 2023

75

SARCOS TECHNOLOGY AND ROBOTICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share data)

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

76

SARCOS TECHNOLOGY AND ROBOTICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

​See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

77

SARCOS TECHNOLOGY AND ROBOTICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(in thousands)

​See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

78

SARCOS TECHNOLOGY AND ROBOTICS CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)