SILVER BULL RESOURCES, INC. - Annual Report: 2015 (Form 10-K)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

R	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934   FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED October 31, 2015

£	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934   FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD OF _________ TO _________.

Commission File Number: 001-33125

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada	91-1766677
State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (604) 687-5800

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value	None (OTCQB)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act

Yes o No R

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.  

Yes o No R

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes R No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes R   No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or smaller reporting company:

Large accelerated filer ☐                     Accelerated filer ☐               Non-accelerated filer ☐             Smaller reporting company R

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes o No R

As of January 19, 2016, there were 159,072,657 shares outstanding of the registrant's $0.01 par value common stock, the registrant's only outstanding class of voting securities. As of April 30, 2015, the aggregate market value of the registrant's voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $14.8 million based upon the closing sale price of the common stock as reported by the NYSE MKT. For the purpose of this calculation, the registrant has assumed that its affiliates as of April 30, 2015 included one shareholder that held approximately 11.0% of its outstanding common stock and all directors and officers.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant's definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with the 2016 annual meeting of shareholders are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

SILVER BULL RESOURCES, INC.

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

			Page
PART I
Items 1 and 2.	Business and Properties			6
Item 1A.	Risk Factors			13
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments			19
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings			19
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosure			19
PART II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities			20
Item 6.	Selected Financial Data			22
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			22
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk			30
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data			30
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure			30
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures			30
PART III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance			32
Item 11.	Executive Compensation			32
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters			32
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence			32
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services			32
PART IV
Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules			33
	Signatures			34

 

 

 

                                                                                                                                                                                                      

When we use the terms "Silver Bull," "we," "us," or "our,"  we are referring to Silver Bull Resources, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires. We have included technical terms important to an understanding of our business under "Glossary of Common Terms" at the end of this section. Throughout this document we make statements that are classified as "forward-looking." Please refer to the "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" section of this document for an explanation of these types of assertions.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes certain statements that may be deemed to be "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. We use words such as "anticipate," "continue," "likely," "estimate," "expect," "may," "will," "projection," "should," "believe," "potential," "could," or similar words suggesting future outcomes (including negative and grammatical variations) to identify forward-looking statements. These statements include statements regarding the following, among other things:

·

The sufficiency of our existing cash resources and working capital to enable us to continue our operations for the next 12 months as a going concern;

·

Our planned activities at the Sierra Mojada Project in 2016, including continuing to progress in securing additional surface rights, maintaining our property concessions and continuing to internally investigate the potential for a high grade underground zinc oxide mine and a small silver open pit;

·

The timing and scope of our exploration activities: including in connection with the licenses, permits or other authorizations required to conduct such activities;

·

Prospects of entering the development or production stage with respect to any of our projects;

·

Whether any part of the Sierra Mojada Project will ever be confirmed or converted into SEC Industry Guide 7 – compliant "reserves"

·

The impact of the fine bubble flotation test work on the recovery of minerals and initial rough concentrate grade;

·

The possible extension to the Sierra Mojada Project of existing nearby gas pipeline;

·

The potential acquisition of exploration properties;

·

The impact of changes to current state or federal laws and regulations in Mexico on estimated capital expenditures and operating and/or reclamation costs;

·

Our ability to raise additional capital and the potential impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations of doing so or not;

·

The impact of changing foreign currency exchange rates on our financial condition;

·

The impact of changes in mining or investment policies or shifts in political attitude in Mexico on our exploration and possible future development activities

·

Our expectations regarding the payment of dividends in the future;

·

Our efforts to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of our internal controls and procedures over financial reporting on an ongoing basis;

·

Our expectations regarding future recovery of value-added tax paid in Mexico;

·

The likelihood of further impairment of goodwill and impairment of other long-lived assets

·

Our ability to renegotiate terms of a concession option purchase agreement;

·

The period during which costs related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements is expected to be recognized;

·

The merits of any claims in connection with ongoing legal proceedings; and

·

Our proposed calendar year 2016 capital and operating budgets for the Sierra Mojada Project and general and administrative expenses and our ability to decrease those expenditures if circumstances warrant.

These statements are based on certain assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and our perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors we believe are appropriate in the circumstances. Such statements are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties and our actual results could differ from those express or implied in these forward-looking statements as a result of the factors described under "Risk Factors" in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including:

  

All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us, or persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which it is made or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

We are an exploration stage company and do not currently have any known reserves and cannot be expected to have known reserves unless and until a feasibility study is completed for the Sierra Mojada concessions that shows proven and probable reserves. There can be no assurance that our concessions contain proven and probable reserves and investors may lose their entire investment. See "Risk Factors."

Glossary of Common Terms

The following terms are used throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Concession		A grant of a tract of land made by a government or other controlling authority in return for stipulated services or a promise that the land will be used for a specific purpose.
Exploration Stage		A prospect that is not yet in either the development or production stage.
Feasibility Study		An engineering study designed to define the technical, economic, and legal viability of a mining project with a high degree of reliability.
Formation		A distinct layer of sedimentary rock of similar composition.
Mineralized Material		Mineral bearing material such as zinc, silver, gold, lead or copper that has been physically delineated by one or more of a number of methods including drilling, underground work, surface trenching and other types of sampling. This material has been found to contain a sufficient amount of mineralization of an average grade of metal or metals to have economic potential that warrants further exploration evaluation. While this material is not currently or may never be classified as reserves, it is reported as mineralized material only if the potential exists for reclassification into the reserves category. This material cannot be classified in the reserves category until final technical, economic and legal factors have been determined. Under the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's standards, a mineral deposit does not qualify as a reserve unless the recoveries from the deposit are expected to be sufficient to recover total cash and non-cash costs for the mine and related facilities and make a profit.
Mining		The process of extraction and beneficiation of mineral reserves to produce a marketable metal or mineral product. Exploration continues during the mining process and, in many cases, mineral reserves are expanded during the life of the mine operations as the exploration potential of the deposit is realized.
Ore, Ore Reserve, or Mineable Ore Body		The part of a mineral deposit which could be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time of the reserve determination.
Reserves		Estimated remaining quantities of mineral deposit and related substances anticipated to be recoverable from known accumulations, from a given date forward, based on:   (a) analysis of drilling, geological, geophysical and engineering data;   (b) the use of established technology;   (c) specified economic conditions, which are generally accepted as being reasonable, and which are disclosed; and   (d) whether they are permitted and financed for development
Resources		Those quantities of mineral deposit estimated to exist originally in naturally occurring accumulations.   Resources are, therefore, those quantities estimated on a particular date to be remaining in known accumulations plus those quantities already produced from known accumulations plus those quantities in accumulations yet to be discovered. Resources are divided into:   (a) discovered resources, which are limited to known accumulations; and   (b) undiscovered resources.
Tonne		A metric ton which is equivalent to 2,204.6 pounds.

PART I

Items 1 and 2.  BUSINESS AND PROPERTIES

Overview and Corporate Structure

Silver Bull Resources, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 8, 1993 as the Cadgie Company for the purpose of acquiring and developing mineral properties. The Cadgie Company was a spin-off from its predecessor, Precious Metal Mines, Inc. On June 28, 1996, our name was changed to Metalline Mining Company ("Metalline"). On April 21, 2011, we changed our name to Silver Bull Resources, Inc. We have not realized any revenues from our planned operations and we are considered an exploration stage company. We have not established any reserves with respect to our exploration projects and may never enter into the development stage with respect to any of our projects.

We engage in the business of mineral exploration. We currently own or have the option to acquire a number of property concessions in Mexico within a mining district known as the Sierra Mojada District, located in the west-central part of the state of Coahuila, Mexico.  We conduct our operations in Mexico through our wholly-owned subsidiary corporations, Minera Metalin S.A. de C.V. ("Minera Metalin") and Contratistas de Sierra Mojada S.A. de C.V. ("Contratistas"), and through Minera Metalin's wholly-owned subsidiary Minas de Coahuila SBR S.A. de C.V ("Minas").

In April 2010, Metalline Mining Delaware, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiary, was merged with and into Dome Ventures Corporation ("Dome"). As a result, Dome became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Silver Bull.  Dome has a wholly-owned subsidiary, Dome Asia Inc. ("Dome Asia"), which is incorporated in the British Virgin Islands.  Dome Asia has a wholly-owned subsidiary incorporated in Gabon, African Resources SARL Gabon, as well as a 99.99%-owned subsidiary, Dome Minerals Nigeria Limited, incorporated in Nigeria. In January 2015 we completed the sale of our subsidiary Dome International Global Inc. ("Dome International"), including Dome International's wholly-owned subsidiary Dome Ventures SARL Gabon ("Dome Gabon"), which held the Ndjole Prospect in Gabon.

On June 5, 2015, we announced our decision to voluntarily delist our shares of common stock from the NYSE MKT due to costs associated with the continued listing and NYSE MKT exchange rules regarding maintenance of a minimum share price.  On June 29, 2015, our shares began trading on the OTCQB marketplace operated by OTC Markets Group (the "OTCQB Designation"). Our shares of common stock continue to trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX").

Our efforts and expenditures have been concentrated in the exploration of properties, principally in the Sierra Mojada property located in Coahuila, Mexico (the "Sierra Mojada Property"). We have not determined whether the exploration properties contain ore reserves that are economically recoverable. The ultimate realization of our investment in exploration properties is dependent upon the success of future property sales, the existence of economically recoverable reserves, our ability to obtain financing or make other arrangements for exploration, development and future profitable production activities. The ultimate realization of our investment in exploration properties cannot be determined at this time.

Sierra Mojada Project

Location, Access and Infrastructure

The Sierra Mojada project (the "Sierra Mojada Project") is located within a mining district known as the Sierra Mojada District.  The Sierra Mojada District is located in the west central part of the state of Coahuila, Mexico, near the Coahuila-Chihuahua state border approximately 200 kilometers south of the Big Bend of the Rio Grande River.  The principal mining area extends for approximately five kilometers in an east-west direction along the base of the precipitous, 1,000 meter high, Sierra Mojada Range.

The Sierra Mojada Project site is situated to the south of the village of Esmeralda, on the northern side of a major escarpment that forms the northern margin of the Sierra Mojada range.  In general, the site is approximately 1,500 meters above sea level.  The project is accessible by paved road from the city of Torreon, Coahuila, which lies approximately 250 kilometers to the south.  Esmerelda is served by a rail spur of the Coahuila Durango railroad.  There is an airstrip east of Esmeralda, although its availability is limited, and another airstrip at the nearby Penoles plant, which we can use occasionally.  The Sierra Mojada District has high voltage electric power supplied by the national power company, Comision Federal de Electricidad, C.F.E., and is supplied water by the municipality of Sierra Mojada.  Although power levels are sufficient for current operations and exploration, future development of the project, if any, may require additional power supplies to be sourced.

 

Our facilities in Mexico include offices, residences, shops, warehouse buildings and exploration equipment located at Calle Mina #1, La Esmeralda, Coahuila, Mexico.

 

 

The map below shows the location of the Sierra Mojada Project:

 

 

Property History

Silver and lead were first discovered by a foraging party in 1879, and mining to 1886 consisted of native silver, silver chloride, and lead carbonate ores. After 1886, silver-lead-zinc-copper sulphate ores within limestone and sandstone units were produced. No accurate production history has been found for historical mining during this period.

Approximately 90 years ago, zinc silicate and zinc carbonate minerals ("Zinc Manto Zone") were discovered underlying the silver-lead mineralized horizon. The Zinc Manto Zone is predominantly zinc dominated, but with subordinate lead–rich manto and is principally situated in the footwall rocks of the Sierra Mojada Fault System. Since discovery and up to 1990, zinc, silver, and lead ores were mined from various mines along the strike of the deposit including from the Sierra Mojada Property. Ores mined from within these areas were hand-sorted, and the concentrate shipped mostly to smelters in the United States.

Activity during the period of 1956 to 1990 consisted of operations by the Mineros Norteños Cooperativa and operations by individual owners and operators of pre-existing mines. The Mineros Norteños operated the San Salvador, Encantada, Fronteriza, Esmeralda, and Parrena mines, and shipped oxide zinc ore to Zinc National's smelter in Monterrey, while copper and silver ore were shipped to smelters in Mexico and the United States.

We estimate that over 45 mines have produced ore from underground workings throughout the approximately five kilometers by two kilometer area that comprises the Sierra Mojada District.  We estimate that since its discovery in 1879, the Sierra Mojada District has produced approximately 10 million tons of silver, zinc, lead and copper ore.  The District does not have a mill to concentrate ore and all mining conducted thus far has been limited to selectively mined ore of sufficient grade to direct ship to smelters.  We believe that mill-grade mineralization that was not mined remains available for extraction.  No mining operations are currently active within the area of the Sierra Mojada District, except for a dolomite quarry by Peñoles near Esmeralda.

In the 1990s, Kennecott Copper Corporation ("Kennecott") had a joint venture agreement involving USMX, Inc.'s Sierra Mojada concessions.  Kennecott terminated the joint venture in approximately 1995. We entered into a Joint Exploration and Development Agreement with USMX, Inc. in July 1996 involving USMX, Inc.'s Sierra Mojada concessions.  In 1998, we purchased the Sierra Mojada and the USMX, Inc. concessions and the joint exploration and development agreement was terminated.  We also purchased certain other concessions during this time and conducted exploration for copper and silver mineralization from 1997 through 1999.

 

 

 

Title and Ownership Rights

The Sierra Mojada Project is comprised of 31 concessions consisting of 20,946 hectares (about 51,758 acres). We periodically obtain additional concessions in the Sierra Mojada Project area and whether we will continue to hold these additional concessions will depend on future exploration work and exploration results and our ability to obtain financing. As we have done in prior years, we continually assess our concession ownership and we may terminate our rights to certain concessions holdings not in the core area of the Sierra Mojada Project.

Two of the concessions in the Sierra Mojada Project are subject to options to purchase from existing third party concession owners. We have previously renegotiated the terms of the concession option purchase agreement described below and expect to approach the third party concession owner to attempt to renegotiate the terms during 2016.  Pursuant to the option purchase agreement, we are required to make certain payments over the terms of this contract to obtain full ownership of these concessions as set forth in the table below:

Nuevo Dulces Nombres (Centenario) and Yolanda III (Two concessions)
Payment Date	Payment Amount(1)
Monthly payment beginning August 2016 and ending July 2018	$20,000 per month

Each mining concession enables us to explore the underlying concession in consideration for the payment of a semi-annual fee to the Mexican government and completion of certain annual assessment work.  Annual assessment work in excess of statutory annual requirements can be carried forward and applied to future periods.  

  

Ownership of a concession provides the owner with exclusive exploration and exploitation rights to all minerals located on the concessions, but does not include the surface rights to the real property. Therefore, we will need to negotiate any necessary agreements with the appropriate surface landowners if we determine that a mining operation is feasible for the concessions. We own surface rights to five lots in the Sierra Mojada Property (Sierra Mojada lot #1, #3, #4, #6 and #7) but anticipate that we will be required to obtain additional surface rights if we determine that a mining operation is feasible.

Geology and Mineralization

The Sierra Mojada concessions contain a mineral system which can be separated into two distinct zones: The "Silver Zone" and the "Zinc Zone." These two zones lie along the Sierra Mojada Fault which trends east-west along the base of the Sierra Mojada range. The majority of the mineralization identified to date is seen as oxide, which has been derived from primary "sulphide" bodies that have been oxidized and remained in situ or remobilized into porous and fractured rock along the Sierra Mojada Fault. The formation of a silver rich zone (the Silver Zone) and a zinc rich zone (the Zinc Zone) is a reflection of the mobility's of the metals in the ground water conditions at Sierra Mojada.

The geology of the District is composed of a Cretaceous limestone and dolomite sequence sitting on top of the Jurassic "San Marcos" red sediments. This sedimentary sequence has then later been intruded by Tertiary volcanics, which are considered to be responsible for the mineralization seen at Sierra Mojada. Historical mines are dry and the rocks are competent for the most part. We believe that the thickness and attitude of the mineralized material could potentially be amenable to high volume mechanized mining methods and low cost production.

 

 

June 2015 Technical Report

On June 30, 2015, Tuun Consulting Inc. and AKF Mining Services Inc. delivered an amended technical report (the "Report") on the silver and zinc mineralization at the Sierra Mojada Project in accordance with Canadian National Instrument 43-101 ("NI 43-101").  The Report includes an update on the silver and zinc mineralization which was estimated from 1,363 diamond drill holes, 24 reverse circulation drill holes, 9,027 channel samples and 2,346 underground long holes. Using a net smelter return economic cut-off, the Report indicates mineralized material in the Lerchs-Grossman optimized pit of 56.8 million tonnes at an average silver grade of 50 grams/tonne silver, an average zinc percentage of 3.4%, an average copper percentage of 0.04% and an average lead percentage of 0.3%. In addition using the  net smelter return economic cut-off, the Report indicates underground mineralized material outside the Lerchs-Grossman optimized pit of 1.9 million tonnes at an average zinc percentage of 9.4%, an average copper percentage of 0.02% and an average lead percentage of 0.4%. Mineralized material estimates do not include any amounts categorized as inferred resources.

"Mineralized material" as used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, although permissible under the Securities and Exchange Commission's ("SEC's") Industry Guide 7, does not indicate "reserves" by SEC standards.  We cannot be certain that any part of the Sierra Mojada Project will ever be confirmed or converted into SEC Industry Guide 7 compliant "reserves."  Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of the mineralized material will ever be confirmed or converted into reserves or that mineralized material can be economically or legally extracted.

Sampling, Analysis, Quality Control and Security

Our activities conform to mining industry standard practices and follow the Best Practices Guidelines of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy, and Petroleum (CIM). Sampling is directed and supervised by trained and experienced geologists.  Drill core and other samples are processed and logged using industry standard methods. Standard samples, duplicates and blanks are periodically entered into the stream of samples submitted for assays, and campaigns of re-sampling and duplicate analyses and round-robin inter-laboratory validations are conducted periodically.  We use ALS Chemex - Vancouver ("ALS Chemex") laboratory as our independent primary laboratory.  ALS Chemex is ISO 9001:2000 certified.  All analytical results that are used in resource models are exclusively from the independent primary laboratory.

 

Our consultants perform technical audits of our operations, including our formal quality assurance/quality control ("QA/QC") program, and recommend improvements as needed. A systematic program of duplicate sampling and assaying of representative samples from previous exploration activities was completed in 2010 under the direction and control of our consultants.  Results of this study acceptably confirm the values in the project database used for resource modeling.

  

We formerly operated a sample preparation and an analytical laboratory at the project that prepared samples for shipment, performed QA/QC analyses to ensure against cross contamination of samples during preparation and removed most low-value samples from the flow to the primary laboratory.  For both cost and perception reasons, the internal laboratory has been shut down, and all drill samples are submitted directly to ALS Chemex for sample preparation and analyses.

Prior Exploration Activities

We have focused our exploration efforts on two primary locations: the Silver Zone and the Zinc Zone.  As further described below, we have conducted various exploration activities at the Sierra Mojada Project, however, to date, we have not established any reserves, and the project remains in the exploration stage and may never enter the development stage.

 

Prior to 2008, exploration efforts largely focused on the Zinc Zone with surface and underground drilling. In fiscal year 2009, we scaled back our exploration activities and administrative costs to conserve capital while we tried to secure additional sources of capital.  

 

After closing the transaction with Dome in April 2010, we focused our exploration activities at Sierra Mojada primarily on the Silver Zone which lies largely at surface. By the end of calendar 2014, approximately 100,000 meters of diamond drilling from surface and 10,000 meters of underground drilling had been completed.

  

The silver contained within the Silver Zone is seen primarily as silver halide minerals. The zinc contained within the Zinc Zone is contained mostly in the mineral hemimorphite and, to a lesser amount, in the mineral smithsonite.

 

 

 

2015 Exploration Activities

Our focus for the 2015 calendar year was the Report described previously, continuing to progress in securing additional surface rights, maintaining our property concessions, internally modeling the potential for a standalone zinc project and internally studying a small silver open pit.

During 2015, we progressed in internally investigating the potential for a high grade underground zinc oxide mine. We also progressed on an internal examination on the potential for a small silver open pit targeting the "at-surface" silver mineralization with a small project with a low strip ratio. We also continued to progress our metallurgical program, as described below.

2016 Exploration Program

As discussed in the "Material Changes in Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources" section below we have approved a calendar year 2016 budget of $0.4 million for the Sierra Mojada Property. The focus of the 2016 calendar year program is continuing to progress in securing additional surface rights, maintaining of our property concessions and continuing to internally investigate the potential for a high grade underground zinc oxide mine and a small silver open-pit.

During 2016 we intend to continue to internally investigate the potential for a high grade underground zinc oxide mine. In addition, we also intend to continue an internal examination on the potential for a small silver open pit targeting the "at-surface" silver mineralization with a small project with a low strip ratio.

Metallurgical Studies

During May 2015 we selected and shipped samples of high grade zinc material to a lab in Denver, Colorado for "fine bubble" flotation test work and a group in Australia to assess their proprietary hydrometallurgy process. Previous test work completed by Silver Bull using mechanical floatation has shown an 87% recovery of zinc from the white zinc zone to produce a rough concentrate of 43% zinc, and a 72.5% recovery of zinc from the red zinc zone to produce a rough concentrate of 30% zinc. It is expected the fine bubble flotation will improve recovery and initial rough concentrate grade. The "fine bubble" flotation test work that was performed did not improve recovery but based on analysis of the results it was determined that the "fine bubble" flotation test process may be able to be adjusted to improve recovery. Due to market conditions further testing is not planned at this time.

Test work completed by Hazen Research Inc. in 2012 focused on roasting high grade zinc in a rotary kiln to fume off the zinc and collect it as a zinc oxide concentrate. Recoveries of up to 98% of the zinc were recorded. The roasting of the zinc samples aims to simulate a "Waelz Kiln," a kiln that is used extensively to recycle zinc from steel dust and which regularly achieves recoveries in excess of 90%. In considering this process, the zinc mineralization at Sierra Mojada has a number of possible advantages, including the fact that it lies in the state of Coahuila, which is the largest coal producing state in Mexico, and it has an existing gas pipeline nearby that may be able to be extended to the project. Either option could provide the fuel to run the kiln. The project also has a functioning railway right to site to potentially allow for transport of coal to the site and of the zinc concentrate from the site. Due to market conditions no further test work on kilning is currently planned.

In addition we previously conducted a metallurgical program to test the recovery of the silver mineralization using the agitation cyanide leach method and recovery of the zinc mineralization using the SART process (sulfidization, acidification, recycling, and thickening). The test work on the silver zone focused on cyanide leach recovery of the silver using "Bottle Roll" tests to simulate an agitation leach system and to determine the recovery of low-grade zinc that occurs in the silver zone and high-grade zinc from the zinc zone that had been blended with mineralization from the silver zone to the leach solution. The silver was recovered from the cyanide leach solution using the Merrill Crowe technique, and the zinc was recovered from the leach solution using the SART process. The SART process is a metallurgical process that regenerates and recycles the cyanide used in the leaching process of the silver and zinc and allows for the recovery of zinc that has been leached by the cyanide solution. The results showed an overall average silver recovery of 73.2% with peak values of 89.0% and an overall average zinc recovery of 44% in the silver zone.

Gabon, Africa Licenses and Interests

On January 23, 2015, we closed the sale of 100% of the issued and outstanding securities of our former subsidiary Dome International, which held, indirectly, a 100% interest in the Ndjole concession to BHK Mining Corp. (formerly BHK Resources, Inc.). Under the terms of the share purchase agreement, we received cash consideration of $1,500,000 and the reimbursement of our expenses of $75,000 in cash. In addition, we have returned the Mitzic exploration license in Gabon to the Gabonese government.

 

 

Executive Officers of Silver Bull Resources

We have three executive officers: (1) a Chairman, (2) a President and Chief Executive Officer and (3) a Chief Financial Officer.  Set forth below is information regarding our executive officers.

Name and Residence		Age			Position
Brian Edgar Vancouver, BC			66		Chairman
Tim Barry Vancouver, BC			40		President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Sean Fallis Vancouver, BC			36		Chief Financial Officer

 

Brian Edgar.  Mr. Edgar was appointed Chairman of the Board of Directors in April 2010. Mr. Edgar has broad experience working in junior and mid-size natural resource companies. He previously served as Dome's President and Chief Executive Officer from February 2005 until it was acquired by Silver Bull in April 2010. Further, Mr. Edgar served on Dome's board of directors from 1998 to 2010. Mr. Edgar currently serves as a director of BlackPearl Resources Inc., Denison Mines Corp., Lucara Diamond Corp.,  and ShaMaran Petroleum Corp. Mr. Edgar practiced corporate/securities law in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada for 16 years.

Tim Barry.  Mr. Barry has served as a director, President and Chief Executive Officer of Silver Bull since March 2011.  From August 2010 to March 2011, he served as our Vice President - Exploration.  Between 2006 and August 2010, Mr. Barry spent five years working as Chief Geologist in West and Central Africa for Dome.  During this time, he managed all aspects of Dome's exploration programs, as well as oversaw corporate compliance for Dome's various subsidiaries.  Mr. Barry also served on Dome's board of directors.  In 2005, he worked as a project geologist in Mongolia for Entree Gold, a company that has a significant stake in the Oyu Tolgoi mine in Mongolia.  Between 1998 and 2005, Mr. Barry worked as an exploration geologist for Ross River Minerals on its El Pulpo copper/gold project in Sinaloa, Mexico, for Canabrava Diamonds on its exploration programs in the James Bay lowlands in Ontario, Canada, and for Homestake on its Plutonic Gold Mine in Western Australia.  He has also worked as a mapping geologist for the Geological Survey of Canada in the Coast Mountains, and as a research assistant at the University of British Columbia, where he examined the potential of CO₂ sequestration in Canada using ultramafic rocks.  Mr. Barry received a bachelor of science from the University of Otago in Dundein, New Zealand and is a Chartered Professional  Geologist (CPAusIMM).  He also serves on the board of directors of Acme Resources Inc. and Astar Minerals Ltd., junior exploration companies listed on the TSX Venture Exchange.    

Sean Fallis. Mr. Fallis was appointed Chief Financial Officer in April 2011.  From February 2011 to April 2011, he served as our Vice President - Finance.  From July 2008 to February 2011, Mr. Fallis served as the Corporate Controller for Rusoro Mining Ltd.  Prior to working at Rusoro Mining Ltd, he worked at PricewaterhouseCoopers as an Audit Senior Associate from January 2007 to June 2008, where he worked with both Canadian and U.S. publicly-listed companies in the audit and assurance practice.  At PricewaterhouseCoopers, Mr. Fallis focused on clients in the mining industry.  Further, he worked at SmytheRatcliffe Chartered Accountants as a staff accountant from September 2004 to December 2006.  Mr. Fallis received a bachelor of science from Simon Fraser University in 2002 and is a CPA (Charted Professional Accountant, British Columbia), CA.

 

Competition and Mineral Prices

Mineral Prices

 

Silver and zinc are commodities, and their prices are volatile. From January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 the price of silver ranged from a low of $13.71 per troy ounce to a high of $18.23 per troy ounce, and from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 the price of zinc ranged from a low of $1,528 per tonne to a high of $2,281 per tonne. Silver and zinc prices are affected by many factors beyond our control, including prevailing interest rates and returns on other asset classes, expectations regarding inflation, speculation, currency values, governmental decisions regarding the disposal of precious metals stockpiles, global and regional demand and production, political and economic conditions and other factors. The competitive nature of the business and the risks with which we are therefore faced are discussed further in the item entitled "Risk Factors," below.

 

 

 

The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, on the London Metal Exchange, high and low silver and zinc prices in U.S. dollars per troy ounce and per tonne, respectively. On October 31, 2015, the closing price of silver was $15.63 per troy ounce. On October 31, 2015, the closing price of zinc was $1,724 per tonne.

 

		Silver (per troy ounce)
Year		High				Low
2008			$20.92				$8.88
2009			$19.18				$10.51
2010			$30.70				$15.14
2011			$48.70				$26.16
2012			$37.23				$26.67
2013			$32.23				$18.61
2014			$22.05				$15.28
2015			$18.23				$13.71

		Zinc (per tonne)
Year		High				Low
2008			$2,511				$1,113
2009			$2,374				$1,118
2010			$2,414				$1,746
2011			$2,473				$1,871
2012			$2,040				$1,816
2013			$2,129				$1,831
2014			$2,327				$2,008
2015			$2,281				$1,528

 

Competition

Our industry is highly competitive. We compete with other mining and exploration companies in connection with the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties. There is competition for a limited number of mineral property acquisition opportunities, some of which is with other companies having substantially greater financial resources, staff and facilities than we do. As a result, we may have difficulty acquiring attractive exploration properties, staking claims related to our properties and exploring properties. Our competitive position depends upon our ability to successfully and economically acquire and explore new and existing mineral properties.

Government Regulation

 

Mineral exploration activities are subject to various national, state/provincial, and local laws and regulations, which govern prospecting, development, mining, production, exports, taxes, labor standards, occupational health, waste disposal, protection of the environment, mine safety, hazardous substances and other matters.  Similarly, if any of our properties are developed and/or mined, those activities are also subject to significant governmental regulation and oversight. We will obtain the licenses, permits or other authorizations currently required to conduct our exploration program. We believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with applicable mining, health, safety and environmental statutes and the regulations applicable to the mineral interests we now hold in Mexico.

 

Environment Regulations

 

Our activities are subject to various national and local laws and regulations governing protection of the environment. These laws are continually changing and, in general, are becoming more restrictive. We intend to conduct business in a way that safeguards public health and the environment and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

 

Changes to current state or federal laws and regulations in Mexico could, in the future, require additional capital expenditures and increased operating and/or reclamation costs. Although we are unable to predict what additional legislation, if any, might be proposed or enacted, additional regulatory requirements could impact the economics of our projects.

 

During fiscal year 2015, we had no material environmental incidents or non-compliance with any applicable environmental regulations.

 

 

 

Employees

We have three employees, all of whom are full time. Contratistas, our wholly-owned operating subsidiary in Mexico currently has four employees who are all full time.  Minera, our mineral holding company in Mexico, does not have any employees.  

Corporate Offices

Our corporate offices are located at 925 West Georgia Street, Suite 1908, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 3L2. Our telephone number is (604) 687-5800, and our fax number is (604) 563-6004.

Available Information

We maintain an internet website at http://www.silverbullresources.com. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make available on or through our website certain reports and amendments to those reports that we file with or furnish to the SEC in accordance with the Exchange Act. Alternatively, you may read and copy any information we file with the SEC at its public reference room at 100 "F" Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information about the operation of the public reference room by calling 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also obtain this information from the SEC's website, http://www.sec.gov.

Item 1A.  RISK FACTORS

A purchase of our securities involves a high degree of risk. Our business, operating or financial condition could be harmed due to any of the following risks. Accordingly, investors should carefully consider these risks in making a decision as to whether to purchase, sell or hold our securities. In addition, investors should note that the risks described below are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks not presently known to us, or risks that do not seem significant today, may also impair our business operations in the future. You should carefully consider the risks described below, as well as the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the documents incorporated by reference herein, before making a decision to invest in our securities.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS:

There is substantial doubt about whether we can continue as a going concern.

We have earned no revenues to date and have incurred net losses of $18,745,829 and $4,914,251 during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014, respectively.  In addition, we have limited financial resources.  As of October 31, 2015, we had cash and cash equivalents of $950,878 and working capital of $831,762.  Therefore, our continuation as a going concern is dependent upon our achieving a future financing or strategic transaction such as obtaining adequate equity financing, which we have successfully secured periodically since our inception, joint venture opportunities on the Sierra Mojada Property, asset divestitures or some other strategic transaction.  However, there is no assurance that we will be successful pursuing these financing and strategic options and accordingly, there is substantial doubt as to whether our existing cash resources and working capital are sufficient to enable us to continue our operations for the next 12 months as a going concern.  Ultimately, in the event that we cannot obtain additional financial resources, or achieve profitable operations, we may have to liquidate our business interests and investors may lose their investment.  The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that our company will continue as a going concern.  Continued operations are dependent on our ability to obtain additional financial resources or generate profitable operations.  Such additional financial resources may not be available or may not be available on reasonable terms.  Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

We may have difficulty meeting our current and future capital requirements.

Our management and our board of directors monitor our overall costs and expenses and, if necessary, adjust our programs and planned expenditures in an attempt to ensure we have sufficient operating capital. We continue to evaluate our costs and planned expenditures for our ongoing exploration efforts at our Sierra Mojada Project.  As of October 31, 2015, we had working capital of $0.83 million and cash and cash equivalents of $0.95 million. The continued exploration and possible development of the Sierra Mojada Project will require significant amounts of additional capital. If we are unable to fund future operations by way of financing, including public or private offerings of equity or debt securities, we will need to significantly reduce operations, which will result in an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and exploration activities. See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We do not have a credit, off-take or other commercial financing arrangement in place that would finance continued evaluation or development of the Sierra Mojada Project and we believe that securing credit for these projects may be difficult due to continuing volatility in global credit markets. Moreover, equity financing may not be available on attractive terms and if available, will likely result in significant dilution to existing shareholders. 

 

 

 

We are an exploration stage mining company with no history of operations.

We are an exploration stage enterprise engaged in mineral exploration in Mexico. We have a very limited operating history and are subject to all the risks inherent in a new business enterprise. As an exploration stage company, we may never enter the development and production stages. To date we have had no revenues and have relied upon equity financing to fund our operations. The likelihood of our success must be considered in light of the problems, expenses, difficulties, complications, and delays frequently encountered in connection with an exploration stage business, and the competitive and regulatory environment in which we operate and will operate, such as under-capitalization, personnel limitations, and limited financing sources.

We have no commercially mineable ore body.

No commercially mineable ore body has been delineated on our Sierra Mojada Project, nor have our properties been shown to contain proven or probable mineral reserves. Investors should not assume that the projections contained in the Report on our Sierra Mojada Project will ever be realized. We cannot assure you that any mineral deposits we identify on the Sierra Mojada Project, or on another property will qualify as an ore body that can be legally and economically exploited or that any particular level of recovery of silver, zinc or other minerals from discovered mineralization will in fact be realized. Most exploration projects do not result in the discovery of commercially mineable ore deposits. Even if the presence of reserves is established at a project, the legal and economic viability of the project may not justify exploitation.

Mineral resource estimates may not be reliable.

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of mineralized material such as silver, zinc, lead, and copper, including many factors beyond our control, and no assurance can be given that the recovery of mineralized material will be realized. In general, estimates of mineralized material are based upon a number of factors and assumptions made as of the date on which the estimates were determined, including:

·

geological and engineering estimates that have inherent uncertainties and the assumed effects of regulation by governmental agencies;

·

the judgment of the engineers preparing the estimate;

·

estimates of future metals prices and operating costs;

·

the quality and quantity of available data;

·

the interpretation of that data; and

·

the accuracy of various mandated economic assumptions, all of which may vary considerably from actual results.

All estimates are, to some degree, uncertain. For these reasons, estimates of the recoverable mineral resources prepared by different engineers or by the same engineers at different times, may vary substantially. As such, there is significant uncertainty in any mineralized material estimate and actual deposits encountered and the economic viability of a deposit may differ materially from our estimates.

Our business plan is highly speculative, and its success largely depends on the successful exploration of our Sierra Mojada concessions.

Our business plan is focused on exploring the Sierra Mojada concessions to identify reserves, and if appropriate, to ultimately develop this property. Further, although we have reported mineralized material on our Sierra Mojada Project, we have not established any reserves and remain in the exploration stage. We may never enter the development or production stage. Exploration of mineralization and determination of whether the mineralization might be extracted profitably is highly speculative, and it may take a number of years until production is possible, during which time the economic viability of the project may change. Substantial expenditures are required to establish reserves, extract metals from ore and construct mining and processing facilities.

The Sierra Mojada Project is subject to all of the risks inherent in mineral exploration and development. The economic feasibility of any mineral exploration and/or development project is based upon, among other things, estimates of the size and grade of mineral reserves, proximity to infrastructures and other resources (such as water and power), anticipated production rates, capital and operating costs, and metals prices. To advance from an exploration project to a development project, we will need to overcome various hurdles, including the completion of favorable feasibility studies, issuance of necessary permits, and the ability to raise significant further capital to fund activities. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in overcoming these risks. Because of our focus on the Sierra Mojada Project, the success of our operations and our profitability may be disproportionately exposed to the impact of adverse conditions unique to the Torreon, Mexico region, as the Sierra Mojada Project is located 250 kilometers north of this area.

 

 

 

 

Due to our history of operating losses, we are uncertain that we will be able to maintain sufficient cash to accomplish our business objectives.

During the years ended October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014, we suffered net losses of $18,745,829 and $4,914,251 respectively. At October 31, 2015, we had stockholders' equity of $8,788,670 and working capital of $831,762. Significant amounts of capital will be required to continue to explore and potentially develop the Sierra Mojada concessions. We are not engaged in any revenue producing activities, and we do not expect to be in the near future. Currently, our potential sources of funding consist of the sale of additional equity securities, entering into joint venture agreements or selling a portion of our interests in our assets. There is no assurance that any additional capital that we will require will be obtainable on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Failure to obtain such additional financing could result in delays or indefinite postponement of further exploration of our projects. Additional financing, if available, will likely result in substantial dilution to existing shareholders.

Our exploration activities require significant amounts of capital that may not be recovered.

Mineral exploration activities are subject to many risks, including the risk that no commercially productive or extractable resources will be encountered. There can be no assurance that our activities will ultimately lead to an economically feasible project or that we will recover all or any portion of our investment. Mineral exploration often involves unprofitable efforts, including drilling operations that ultimately do not further our exploration efforts. The cost of minerals exploration is often uncertain and cost overruns are common. Our drilling and exploration operations may be curtailed, delayed or canceled as a result of numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, including title problems, weather conditions, compliance with governmental requirements, including permitting issues, and shortages or delays in the delivery of equipment and services.

Our financial condition could be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates, especially between the U.S. dollar and the Mexican peso ("$MXN") and the U.S dollar and the Canadian dollar ("$CDN") given our focus on the Sierra, Mojada Project and our corporate office in Vancouver, Canada.

Our financial condition is affected in part by currency exchange rates, as portions of our exploration costs in Mexico and general and administration costs in Canada are denominated in the local currency. A weakening U.S. dollar relative to the $MXN and $CDN will have the effect of increasing exploration costs and general and administration costs while a strengthening U.S. dollar will have the effect of reducing exploration costs and general and administration costs. The exchange rates between the $CDN and the U.S. dollar and between the $MXN and U.S. dollar have fluctuated widely in response to international political conditions, general economic conditions and other factors beyond our control.

RISKS RELATING TO THE MINERAL EXPLORATION INDUSTRY:

There are inherent risks in the mineral exploration industry

We are subject to all of the risks inherent in the minerals exploration industry including, without limitation, the following:

·

we are subject to competition from a large number of companies, many of which are significantly larger than we are, in the acquisition, exploration, and development of mining properties;

·

we might not be able raise enough money to pay the fees and taxes and perform the labor necessary to maintain our concessions in good status;

·

exploration for minerals is highly speculative and involves substantial risks and is frequently unproductive, even when conducted on properties known to contain significant quantities of mineralization, and our exploration projects may not result in the discovery of commercially mineable deposits of ore;

·

the probability of an individual prospect ever having reserves that meet the requirements for reporting under SEC Industry Guide 7 is remote and any funds spent on exploration may be lost;

·

our operations are subject to a variety of existing laws and regulations relating to exploration and development, permitting procedures, safety precautions, property reclamation, employee health and safety, air quality standards, pollution and other environmental protection controls and we may not be able to comply with these regulations and controls; and

·

a large number of factors beyond our control, including fluctuations in metal prices, inflation, and other economic conditions, will affect the economic feasibility of mining.

 

 

 

Metals prices are subject to extreme fluctuation.

Our activities are influenced by the prices of commodities, including silver, zinc, lead, copper and other metals. These prices fluctuate widely and are affected by numerous factors beyond our control, including interest rates, expectations for inflation, speculation, currency values (in particular the strength of the U.S. dollar), global and regional demand, political and economic conditions and production costs in major metal-producing regions of the world.

Our ability to establish reserves through our exploration activities, our future profitability and our long-term viability, depend, in large part, on the market prices of silver, zinc, lead, copper and other metals. The market prices for these metals are volatile and are affected by numerous factors beyond our control, including:

·

global or regional consumption patterns;

·

supply of, and demand for, silver, zinc, lead, copper and other metals;

·

speculative activities and producer hedging activities;

·

expectations for inflation;

·

political and economic conditions; and

·

supply of, and demand for, consumables required for production.

Future weakness in the global economy could increase volatility in metals prices or depress metals prices, which could in turn reduce the value of our properties, make it more difficult to raise additional capital, and make it uneconomical for us to continue our exploration activities.

There are inherent risks with foreign operations.

Our business activities are primarily conducted in Mexico, and as such, our activities are exposed to various levels of foreign political, economic and other risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, terrorism, hostage taking, military repression, extreme fluctuations in currency exchange rates, high rates of inflation, labor unrest, the risks of war or civil unrest, expropriation and nationalization, renegotiation or nullification of existing concessions, licenses, permits, approvals and contracts, illegal mining, changes in taxation policies, restrictions on foreign exchange and repatriation, changing political conditions, currency controls and governmental regulations that favor or require the rewarding of contracts to local contractors or require foreign contractors to employ citizens of, or purchase supplies from, a particular jurisdiction.

Changes, if any, in mining or investment policies or shifts in political attitude in Mexico may adversely affect our exploration and possible future development activities. We may also be affected in varying degrees by government regulations with respect to, but not limited to, foreign investment, maintenance of claims, environmental legislation, land use, land claims of local people, water use and mine safety. Failure to comply strictly with applicable laws, regulations and local practices relating to mineral right applications and tenure, could result in loss, reduction or expropriation of entitlements, or the imposition of additional local or foreign parties as joint venture partners with carried or other interests.

The occurrence of these various factors and uncertainties cannot be accurately predicted and could have an adverse effect on our operations. In addition, legislation in the U.S., Canada or Mexico regulating foreign trade, investment and taxation could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.

Our Sierra Mojada Project is located in Mexico and is subject to various levels of political, economic, legal and other risks.

The Sierra Mojada Project, our primary focus, is in Mexico. In the past, Mexico has been subject to political instability, changes and uncertainties, which have resulted in changes to existing governmental regulations affecting mineral exploration and mining activities. Mexico's status as a developing country may make it more difficult for us to obtain any required financing for the Sierra Mojada Project or other projects in Mexico in the future. Our Sierra Mojada Project is also subject to a variety of governmental regulations governing health and worker safety, employment standards, waste disposal, protection of historic and archaeological sites, mine development, protection of endangered and protected species and other matters. Mexican regulators have broad authority to shut down and/or levy fines against facilities that do not comply with regulations or standards.

 

 

 

Our exploration activities in Mexico may be adversely affected in varying degrees by changing government regulations relating to the mining industry or shifts in political conditions that increase the costs related to the Sierra Mojada Project. Changes, if any, in mining or investment policies or shifts in political attitude may adversely affect our financial condition. Expansion of our activities will be subject to the need to obtain sufficient access to adequate supplies of water, assure the availability of sufficient power, as well as sufficient surface rights which could be affected by government policy and competing operations in the area.

We also have litigation risk with respect to our operations.  In particular, on May 20 2014 a local cooperative named Sociedad Cooperativa de Exploración Minera Mineros Norteños, S.C.L. ("Mineros Norteños") filed an action (the "Action") in the Local First Civil Court in the District of Morelos, State of Chihuahua, Mexico, against our Mexican subsidiary, Minera Metalin, claiming that we breached an agreement regarding the development of the Sierra Mojada Project. On January 19, 2015, the case was moved to the Second District Court (of federal jurisdiction). Mineros Norteños is seeking payment of a royalty, including interest at a rate of 6% per annum since August 30, 2004, notwithstanding that no revenue has been produced from the applicable mining concessions, and it is also seeking payment of wages to the cooperative's members since August 30, 2004, notwithstanding that none of the individuals were ever hired or performed work for us.  Although we and our Mexican legal counsel believe that this claim is without merit and have asserted all applicable defenses, we may incur costs associated with defending the claim.  We have not accrued any amounts in our financial statements with respect to this claim.

The occurrence of these various factors and uncertainties cannot be accurately predicted and could have an adverse effect on our financial condition. Future changes in applicable laws and regulations or changes in their enforcement or regulatory interpretation could negatively impact current or planned exploration activities with the Sierra Mojada Project or in respect to any other projects in which we become involved in Mexico. Any failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations, even if inadvertent, could result in the interruption of exploration operations or material fines, penalties or other liabilities.

Title to our properties may be challenged or defective.

Our future operations, including our activities at the Sierra Mojada Project and other exploration activities, will require additional permits from various governmental authorities. Our operations are and will continue to be governed by laws and regulations governing prospecting, mineral exploration, exports, taxes, labor standards, occupational health, waste disposal, toxic substances, land use, environmental protection, mine safety, mining royalties and other matters. There can be no assurance that we will be able to acquire all required licenses, permits or property rights on reasonable terms or in a timely manner, or at all, that such terms will not be adversely changed, that required extensions will be granted, or that the issuance of such licenses, permits or property rights will not be challenged by third parties.

We attempt to confirm the validity of our rights of title to, or contract rights with respect to, each mineral property in which we have a material interest. However, we cannot guarantee that title to our properties will not be challenged. The Sierra Mojada Property may be subject to prior unregistered agreements, interests or native land claims, and title may be affected by undetected defects. There may be valid challenges to the title of any of the claims comprising the Sierra Mojada Property that, if successful, could impair possible development and/or operations with respect to such properties in the future. Challenges to permits or property rights, whether successful or unsuccessful; changes to the terms of permits or property rights; or a failure to comply with the terms of any permits or property rights that have been obtained, could have a material adverse effect on our business by delaying or preventing or making continued operations economically unfeasible.

A title defect could result in Silver Bull losing all or a portion of its right, title, and interest to and in the properties to which the title defect relates. Title insurance generally is not available, and our ability to ensure that we have obtained secure title to individual mineral properties or mining concessions may be severely constrained. In addition, we may be unable to operate our properties as permitted or to enforce our rights with respect to our properties. We annually monitor the official mining records in Mexico City to determine if there are annotations indicating the existence of a legal challenge against the validity of any of our concessions. As of January, 2016 and to the best of our knowledge, there are no such annotations, nor are we aware of any challenges from the government or from third parties, except for a Court order to record the Action with the Public Registry of Mines. We do not have evidence or information as to the enforcement of this Court order to date. However based on a subsequent ruling (appeal), we believe that it is unlikely that the Court order will be enforced.

In addition, in connection with the purchase of certain mining concessions, Silver Bull agreed to pay a net royalty interest on revenue from future mineral sales on certain concessions at the Sierra Mojada Project, including concessions on which a significant portion of our mineralized material is located. The aggregate amount payable under this royalty is capped at $6.875 million, an amount that will only be reached if there is significant future production from the concessions. As noted above, this royalty is currently the subject of a dispute with a local cooperative. In addition, records from prior management indicate that additional royalty interests may have been created, although the continued applicability and scope of these interests are uncertain. The existence of these royalty interests may have a material effect on the economic feasibility of potential future development of the Sierra Mojada Project.

 

 

 

We are subject to complex environmental and other regulatory risks, which could expose us to significant liability and delay and, potentially, the suspension or termination of our exploration efforts.

Our mineral exploration activities are subject to federal, state and local environmental regulations in the jurisdictions where our mineral properties are located. These regulations mandate, among other things, the maintenance of air and water quality standards and land reclamation. They also set forth limitations on the generation, transportation, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous waste. No assurance can be given that environmental standards imposed by these governments will not be changed, thereby possibly materially adversely affecting our proposed activities. Compliance with these environmental requirements may also necessitate significant capital outlays or may materially affect our earning power.

Environmental legislation is evolving in a manner which will require stricter standards and enforcement, increased fines and penalties for non-compliance, more stringent environmental assessments of proposed projects, and a heightened degree of responsibility for companies and their officers, directors and employees. As a result of recent changes in environmental laws in Mexico, for example, more legal actions supported or sponsored by non-governmental groups interested in halting projects may be filed against companies operating in all industrial sectors, including the mining sector. Mexican projects are also subject to the environmental agreements entered into by Mexico, the United States and Canada in connection with the North American Free Trade Agreement.

Future changes in environmental regulations in the jurisdictions where our projects are located may adversely affect our exploration activities, make them prohibitively expensive, or prohibit them altogether. Environmental hazards may exist on the properties in which we currently hold interests, such as the Sierra Mojada Project, or may hold interests in the future, which are unknown to us at present and that have been caused by us or previous owners or operators, or that may have occurred naturally. We may be liable for remediating any damage that we may have caused. The liability could include costs for removing or remediating the release and damage to natural resources, including ground water, as well as the payment of fines and penalties.

We may face a shortage of water.

Water is essential in all phases of the exploration and development of mineral properties. It is used in such processes as exploration, drilling, leaching, placer mining, dredging, testing, and hydraulic mining. Both the lack of available water and the cost of acquisition may make an otherwise viable project economically impossible to complete. In November 2013 Silver Bull was granted the right to exploit up to 3.5 million cubic meters of water per year from six different well sites by the water regulatory body in Mexico, Comision Nacional de Agua, but it has yet to be determined if the six well sites can produce this much water over a sustained period of time.

Our non-operating properties are subject to various hazards.

We are subject to risks and hazards, including environmental hazards, the encountering of unusual or unexpected geological formations, cave-ins, flooding, earthquakes and periodic interruptions due to inclement or hazardous weather conditions. These occurrences could result in damage to, or destruction of, mineral properties or future production facilities, personal injury or death, environmental damage, delays in our exploration activities, asset write-downs, monetary losses and possible legal liability. We may not be insured against all losses or liabilities, either because such insurance is unavailable or because we have elected not to purchase such insurance due to high premium costs or other reasons. Although we maintain insurance in an amount that we consider to be adequate, liabilities might exceed policy limits, in which event we could incur significant costs that could adversely affect our activities.  The realization of any significant liabilities in connection with our activities as described above could negatively affect our activities and the price of our common stock.

We need and rely upon key personnel.

Presently, we employ a limited number of full-time employees, utilize outside consultants, and in large part rely on the personal efforts of our officers and directors. Our success will depend, in part, upon the ability to attract and retain qualified employees. In particular, we have only three executive officers, Brian Edgar, Timothy Barry and Sean Fallis, and the loss of the services of any of these three would adversely affect our business.

 

 

RISKS RELATING TO OUR COMMON STOCK:

Further equity financings may lead to the dilution of our common stock.

In order to finance future operations, we may raise funds through the issuance of common stock or the issuance of debt instruments or other securities convertible into common stock. We cannot predict the size of future issuances of common stock or the size and terms of future issuances of debt instruments or other securities convertible into common stock or the effect, if any, that future issuances and sales of our securities will have on the market price of our common stock. Any transaction involving the issuance of previously authorized but unissued shares, or securities convertible into common stock, would result in dilution, possibly substantial, to present and prospective security holders. Demand for equity securities in the mining industry has been weak; therefore, equity financing may not be available on attractive terms and if available, will likely result in significant dilution to existing shareholders.

No dividends are anticipated.

At the present time, we do not anticipate paying dividends, cash or otherwise, on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Future dividends will depend on our earnings, if any, our financial requirements and other factors. There can be no assurance that we will pay dividends.

Our stock price can be extremely volatile.

Our common stock is listed on the TSX and trades on the OTCQB. The trading price of our common stock has been, and could continue to be, subject to wide fluctuations in response to announcements of our business developments, results and progress of our exploration activities at the Sierra Mojada Project, progress reports on our exploration activities, and other events or factors. In addition, stock markets have experienced extreme price volatility in recent months and years. This volatility has had a substantial effect on the share prices of companies, at times for reasons unrelated to their operating performance. These fluctuations could be in response to:

·

volatility in metal prices;

·

political developments in the foreign countries in which our properties, or properties for which we perform services, are located; and

·

news reports relating to trends in our industry or general economic conditions.

These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance.

We cannot make any predictions or projections as to what the prevailing market price for our common stock will be at any time, including as to whether our common stock will achieve or remain at levels at or near its offering price, or as to what effect the sale of shares or the availability of common stock for sale at any time will have on the prevailing market price.

Item 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

Item 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

On May 20, 2014 a local cooperative named Sociedad Cooperativa de Exploración Minera Mineros Norteños, S.C.L. ("Mineros Norteños") filed an action (the "Action") in the Local First Civil Court in the District of Morelos, State of Chihuahua, Mexico, against our Mexican subsidiary, Minera Metalin, claiming that we breached an agreement regarding the development of the Sierra Mojada Project.  On January 19, 2015, the case was moved to the Second District Court (of federal jurisdiction). Mineros Norteños is seeking payment of the Royalty, including interest at a rate of 6% per annum since August 30, 2004, notwithstanding that no revenue has been produced from the applicable mining concessions, and it is also seeking payment of wages to the cooperative's members since August 30, 2004, notwithstanding that none of the individuals were ever hired or performed work for us.  We and our Mexican legal counsel believe that this claim is without merit and have asserted all applicable defenses.  We have not accrued any amounts in our financial statements with respect to this claim. See Note 15 – Commitments and Contingencies to our consolidated financial statements.

 

Item 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

Not applicable. 

 

PART II

Item 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

Market Information

 

From May 2, 2011 to June 28, 2015, our common stock traded on the NYSE MKT or its predecessor stock exchange under the symbol "SVBL". On June 5, 2015, we announced our decision to voluntarily delist our shares of common stock from the NYSE MKT due to costs associated with the continued listing and NYSE MKT exchange rules regarding maintenance of a minimum share price. On June 29, 2015, our shares began trading on the OTCQB marketplace operated by OTC Markets Group. Since August 26, 2010, our common stock has been trading on the TSX under the symbol "SVB."

The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices of our common stock for each quarter during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2015, October 31, 2014, as well as through December 31, 2015, as reported by the NYSE MKT, OTCQB and the TSX. The sales prices on the OTCQB reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

		NYSE MKT/OTCQB (SVBL)								Toronto Stock Exchange (SVB)
		High				Low				High				Low
		($)								(CDN$)
2016
First Quarter (through December 31, 2015)		$	0.06			$	0.03			$	0.08			$	0.04
2015
Fourth Quarter (October 31, 2015)			0.10				0.05				0.13				0.07
Third Quarter (July 31, 2015)			0.14				0.06				0.17				0.08
Second Quarter (April 30, 2015)			0.14				0.10				0.18				0.13
First Quarter (January 31, 2015)			0.20				0.13				0.30				0.14
2014
Fourth Quarter (October 31, 2014)		$	0.29			$	0.12			$	0.32			$	0.15
Third Quarter (July 31, 2014)			0.35				0.22				0.36				0.25
Second Quarter (April 30, 2014)			0.44				0.30				0.47				0.34
First Quarter (January 31, 2014)			0.39				0.30				0.39				0.30

The closing price of our common stock as reported on December 31, 2015 on the OTCQB, was $0.03 per share.

Holders

As of January 19, 2016, there were 185 holders of record of our common stock. This does not include persons who hold our common stock in brokerage accounts or otherwise in "street name."

Dividends

We did not declare or pay cash or other dividends on our common stock during the last two calendar years. We have no plans to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

As of October 31, 2015, we had two active formal equity compensation plans.

·

The 2006 Stock Option Plan (the "2006 Plan") was adopted by the board of directors in May 2006, and approved by the shareholders in July 2006.  Five million shares of common stock are reserved for issuance under the 2006 Plan.  As of October 31, 2015, options to acquire 42,858 shares of common stock are outstanding pursuant to the 2006 Plan and   4,481,523 shares remain available for issuance under the plan.

·

The 2010 Stock Option and Bonus Plan (the "2010 Plan") was adopted by the board of directors in December 2009 and approved by the shareholders in April 2010.  Under the 2010 Plan, the lesser of (i) 30,000,000 shares or (ii) 10% of the total shares outstanding will be reserved to be issued upon the exercise of options or the grant of stock bonuses. As of October 31, 2015, there are 15,907,265 shares reserved for issuance under the 2010 Plan.  Options to acquire 8,615,000 shares of common stock are outstanding pursuant to the 2010 Plan, and 6,621,908 shares remain available for issuance under the plan.

 

The following table gives information about our common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of options, warrants and rights under our compensation plans as of October 31, 2015.

Plan Category		Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Number of securities remaining available for future issuance
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders		8,657,858(1)		$0.46		11,103,431 (2)
Total		8,657,858		$0.46		11,103,431

(1)

Includes: (i) options to acquire 42,858 shares of common stock under the 2006 Plan; and (ii) options to acquire 8,615,000 shares of common stock under the 2010 Plan.

(2)

Includes: (i) 4,481,523 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2006 Plan; and (ii) 6,621,908 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2010 Plan.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities and Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

No sales of unregistered equity securities occurred during the period covered by this report.

No purchases of equity securities were made by or on behalf of Silver Bull or any "affiliated purchaser" within the meaning of Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act during the period covered by this report.

 

Item 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Not applicable.

Item 7.  MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Business Overview

Silver Bull, incorporated in Nevada, is an exploration stage company, engaged in the business of mineral exploration. Our primary objective is to define sufficient mineral reserves on the Sierra Mojada Property to justify the development of a mechanized mining operation. We conduct our operations in Mexico through our wholly-owned Mexican subsidiaries, Minera Metalin and Contratistas, and through Minera Metalin's wholly-owned subsidiary, Minas. However, as noted above, we have not established any reserves at the Sierra Mojada Property, and are in the exploration stage and may never enter the development or production stage.

On June 5, 2015, we announced our decision to voluntarily delist our shares of common stock from the NYSE MKT due to costs associated with the continued listing and NYSE MKT exchange rules regarding maintenance of a minimum share price.  On June 29, 2015, our shares of common stock began trading on the OTCQB marketplace operated by OTC Markets Group. Our shares of common stock continue to trade on the TSX.

Our principal offices are located at 925 West Georgia Street, Suite 1908, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6C 3L2, and our telephone number is 604-687-5800. 

Current Year Developments

Our board of directors approved a calendar year 2015 budget of $0.7 million for the Sierra Mojada Property. The focus of the 2015 calendar year program was the Report described below, continuing to progress in securing additional surface rights, maintaining  our property concessions, internally modeling the potential for a standalone zinc project and internally studying a small silver open pit.

During 2015, we progressed in internally investigating the potential for a high grade underground zinc oxide mine. We also progressed on an internal examination on the potential for a small silver open pit targeting the "at-surface" silver mineralization with a small project with a low strip ratio.

Mineralized Material Estimate

On June 30, 2015, Tuun Consulting Inc. and AKF Mining Services Inc. delivered the Report on the silver and zinc mineralization at the Sierra Mojada Project in accordance with NI 43-101. The Report includes an update on the silver and zinc mineralization which was estimated from 1,363 diamond drill holes, 24 reverse circulation drill holes, 9,027 channel samples and 2,346 underground long holes. Using a net smelter return economic cut-off, the Report indicates mineralized material in the Lerchs-Grossman optimized pit of 56.8 million tonnes at an average silver grade of 50 grams/tonne silver, an average zinc percentage of 3.4%, an average copper percentage of 0.04% and an average lead percentage of 0.3%. In addition using the  net smelter return economic cut-off, the Report indicates underground mineralized material outside the Lerchs-Grossman optimized pit of 1.9 million tonnes at an average zinc percentage of 9.4%, an average copper percentage of 0.02% and an average lead percentage of 0.4%. Mineralized material estimates do not include any amounts categorized as inferred resources.

"Mineralized material" as used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, although permissible under the SEC's Industry Guide 7, does not indicate "reserves" by SEC standards.  We cannot be certain that any part of the Sierra Mojada Project will ever be confirmed or converted into SEC Industry Guide 7 compliant "reserves."  Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of the mineralized material will ever be confirmed or converted into reserves or that mineralized material can be economically or legally extracted.

 

 

 

 

Goodwill Impairment

Metallurgical Studies

During May 2015 we selected and shipped samples of high grade zinc material to a lab in Denver, Colorado for "fine bubble" flotation test work and a group in Australia to assess their proprietary hydrometallurgy process. Previous test work completed by Silver Bull using mechanical flotation has shown an 87% recovery of zinc from the white zinc zone to produce a rough concentrate of 43% zinc, and a 72.5% recovery of zinc from the red zinc zone to produce a rough concentrate of 30% zinc. The "fine bubble" flotation test work that was performed did not improve recovery but based on analysis of the results it was determined that the "fine bubble" flotation test process may be able to be adjusted to improve recovery. Due to market conditions further testing is not planned at this time.

Test work completed by Hazen Research Inc. in 2012 focused on roasting high grade zinc in a rotary kiln to fume off the zinc and collect it as a zinc oxide concentrate. Recoveries of up to 98% of the zinc were recorded. The roasting of the zinc samples aims to simulate a "Waelz Kiln," a kiln that is used extensively to recycle zinc from steel dust and which regularly achieves recoveries in excess of 90%. In considering this process, the zinc mineralization at Sierra Mojada has a number of possible advantages, including the fact that it lies in the state of Coahuila, which is the largest coal producing state in Mexico, and it has an existing gas pipeline nearby that may be able to be extended to the project. Either option could provide the fuel to run the kiln. The project also has a functioning railway right to site to potentially allow for transport of coal to the site and of the zinc concentrate from the site. Due to market conditions no further test work on kilning is currently planned.

In addition we previously conducted a metallurgical program to test the recovery of the silver mineralization using the agitation cyanide leach method and recovery of the zinc mineralization using the SART process (sulfidization, acidification, recycling, and thickening). The test work on the silver zone focused on cyanide leach recovery of the silver using "Bottle Roll" tests to simulate an agitation leach system and to determine the recovery of low-grade zinc that occurs in the silver zone and high-grade zinc from the zinc zone that had been blended with mineralization from the silver zone to the leach solution. The silver was recovered from the cyanide leach solution using the Merrill Crowe technique, and the zinc was recovered from the leach solution using the SART process. The SART process is a metallurgical process that regenerates and recycles the cyanide used in the leaching process of the silver and zinc and allows for the recovery of zinc that has been leached by the cyanide solution. The results showed an overall average silver recovery of 73.2% with peak values of 89.0% and an overall average zinc recovery of 44% in the silver zone.

2016 Exploration Program

As discussed in the "Material Changes in Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources" section below we have approved a calendar year 2016 capital budget of $0.4 million for the Sierra Mojada Property. The focus of the 2016 calendar year program is continuing to progress in securing additional surface rights, maintaining our property concessions and continuing to internally investigate the potential for a high grade underground zinc oxide mine and a small silver open-pit.

During 2016 we intend to continue to internally investigate the potential for a high grade underground zinc oxide mine. In addition, we also intend to continue an internal examination on the potential for a small silver open pit targeting the "at-surface" silver mineralization with a small project with a low strip ratio.

On January 23, 2015, we closed the sale of 100% of the issued and outstanding securities of the Company's former subsidiary Dome International (the "Gabon Sale"), which held, indirectly, a 100% interest in the Ndjole concession to BHK Mining Corp. (formerly BHK Resources, Inc.). Under the terms of the share purchase agreement, we received cash consideration of $1,500,000 and reimbursement of the Company's expenses of $75,000 in cash.

 

 

 

Results of Operations 

Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2015 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2014

For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015, we reported a consolidated net loss of $18,746,000 or approximately $0.12 per share, compared to a consolidated net loss of $4,914,000 or approximately $0.03 per share during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2014. The $13,832,000 increase in the consolidated net loss was primarily due to a $14,381,000 increase in exploration and property holding costs (which was significantly the result of the $16,437,000 goodwill impairment as described in the "Current Year Developments" section) which was partially offset by a $305,000 decrease in general and administrative expenses, and $128,000 in income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes (including a gain on sale of assets of discontinued operations of $287,000, net of income taxes) in the 2015 fiscal year compared to a $184,000 loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes in the 2014 fiscal year as described below.

Exploration and Property Holding Costs

Exploration and property holding costs increased $14,381,000 to $17,296,000 in the 2015 fiscal year from $2,915,000 in the 2014 fiscal year. This increase was the result of a $16,437,000 goodwill impairment (as described in the "Current Year Developments" section) which was partially offset by reduced employees and metallurgical costs at the Sierra Mojada Property and the decrease in the $MXN compared to the U.S. dollar in the 2015 fiscal year compared to the 2014 fiscal year. Also, during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2014 we incurred costs related to a NI 43-101 technical report which exceeded the costs of the Report in the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015. In addition, our exploration and property holding costs included $1,559,000 for concession impairment in the 2014 fiscal year as we decided not to pursue further work on certain concessions in the Sierra Mojada Property resulting in an impairment of $1,234,000 and we wrote off the capitalized concession balance related to the Mitzic concession of $325,000 as the recoverability was highly uncertain compared to a $nil concession impairment in the 2015 fiscal year.

General and Administrative Costs

General and administrative expenses decreased $305,000 to $1,485,000 in the 2015 fiscal year from $1,790,000 in the 2014 fiscal year as described below.

Personnel costs decreased $210,000 to $520,000 in the 2015 fiscal year from $730,000 in the 2014 fiscal year. This decrease was mainly due to fewer employees, the decrease in the $CDN compared to the U.S. dollar and decrease in stock based compensation expense to $75,000 in the 2015 fiscal year from $141,000 in the 2014 fiscal year as a result of stock options vesting in the 2015 fiscal year having a lower fair value than stock options vesting in the 2014 fiscal year.

Office and administrative expenses decreased $61,000 to $478,000 in the 2015 fiscal year from $539,000 in the 2014 fiscal year. The decrease was mainly the result of a decrease in investor relation activities and the decrease in the $CDN compared to the U.S. dollar which was partially offset by the fees related to the OTCQB Designation.

Professional services increased $42,000 to $280,000 in the 2015 fiscal year from $238,000 in the 2014 fiscal year. The increase was primarily due to increased legal fees as a result of the OTCQB Designation.

Directors' fees decreased $67,000 to $194,000 in the 2015 fiscal year as compared to $261,000 for the 2014 fiscal year. This decrease in directors' fees was primarily a result of a director not standing for reelection in April 2015 and a decrease in stock based compensation expense to $38,000 in the 2015 fiscal year from $87,000 in the 2014 fiscal year as a result of stock options vesting in the 2015 fiscal year having a lower fair value than stock options vesting in the 2014 fiscal year.

We recorded a provision of $12,000 for uncollectible value-added taxes ("VAT") in the 2015 fiscal year compared to a provision of $19,000 in the 2014 fiscal year.  The allowance for uncollectible taxes was estimated by management based upon a number of factors including the length of time the returns have been outstanding, responses received from tax authorities, general economic conditions in Mexico and Gabon and estimated net recovery after commissions.

Other Income (Expenses)

We recorded other expenses of $93,000 for the 2015 fiscal year as compared to other expenses of $10,000 in the 2014 fiscal year. The significant factors contributing to the increased other expenses were a $94,000 foreign currency transaction loss in the 2015 fiscal year compared to a foreign currency transaction loss of $89,000 in the 2014 fiscal year and $68,000 in miscellaneous income in the 2014 fiscal year.

 

 

 

The foreign currency transaction losses in 2015 and 2014 fiscal years were primarily the result of the depreciation of the Central African franc ("$CFA") and the resulting impact on the intercompany loans between Silver Bull and our Gabonese subsidiaries. The miscellaneous income in the 2014 fiscal year was primarily a result of a gain on the sale of mining equipment at the Sierra Mojada Property.

Results of Discontinued Operations

Pursuant to accounting principles general accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), Dome International and Dome International's wholly owned subsidiary, Dome Ventures SARL Gabon, have been reported in discontinued operations for the years ended October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014 as described in the "Critical Accounting Policies" section.  Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax expense for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015 was $159,000 which is mainly exploration and property holding costs of $86,000 and foreign currency translation loss of $70,000 due to the depreciation of the $CFA and the resulting impact on intercompany loans between Silver Bull and our Gabonese subsidiaries. Loss from discontinued operations, net of income tax expense for the 2014 fiscal year was $184,000, which was mainly a result of $28,000 for exploration and property holding costs recovery and a $188,000 concession impairment related to the Ndjole concession. In addition, for the 2015 fiscal year, as a result of the Gabon Sale, we realized a gain on sale of assets of discontinued operations of $287,000, net of income taxes.

Material Changes in Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows

During the 2015 fiscal year, we primarily utilized cash and cash on hand to fund exploration activities at the Sierra Mojada Property and for general and administrative expenses. In addition we received net proceeds of $1,365,000 in connection with the Gabon Sale. As a result of the exploration activities and general and administrative expenses which were partially offset by the Gabon Sale, cash and cash on hand decreased from $1,879,000 at October 31, 2014 to $951,000 at October 31, 2015.

Cash flows used in operations for the 2015 fiscal year was $2,341,000 as compared to $2,992,000 in the 2014 fiscal year.  This decrease was mainly due to the decreased exploration work at the Sierra Mojada Property and decreased general and administrative expenses in the 2015 fiscal year compared to the 2014 fiscal year. In addition, accounts payable and accrued liabilities and expenses decreased $163,000 in the 2015 fiscal year compared to $514,000 in the comparable 2014 fiscal year which was partially offset by the decrease in VAT collected in the 2015 fiscal year.

Cash flows provided by investing activities for the 2015 fiscal year was $1,415,000 as the Gabon Sale generated net proceeds of $1,365,000. Cash flows used in investing activities in the 2014 fiscal year was $377,000 which was mainly due to payments of $378,000 for the acquisition property concessions.

Cash flows provided by financing activities for the fiscal year 2015 and 2014 were $nil.

Dome International Sale

On January 23, 2015, we closed the Gabon Sale for net proceeds of $1,365,000 including reimbursement of the Company's expenses of $75,000 in cash.

Capital Resources

As of October 31, 2015, we had cash and cash on hand of $951,000 and working capital of $832,000 as compared to cash and cash on hand of $1,879,000 and working capital of $2,947,000 including $1,282,000 of assets of discontinued operations held for sale and $9,000 of liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale as of October 31, 2014. The decrease in our liquidity and working capital were primarily the result of the exploration activities at the Sierra Mojada Property and general and administrative expenses. Our continuation as a going concern is dependent upon our achieving a future financing or strategic transaction such as  obtaining adequate equity financing which we have successfully secured periodically since our inception, joint venture opportunities on the Sierra Mojada Property, asset divestitures or some other strategic transaction. However, there is no assurance that we will be successful in pursuing these financing and strategic options and accordingly, there is substantial doubt as to whether our existing cash resources and working capital are sufficient to enable us to continue our operations for the next 12 months as a going concern. 

Moreover, any future additional financing in the near term will likely be in the form of the issuance of equity interests, which will result in dilution to our existing shareholders.

 

 

 

Capital Requirements and Liquidity; Need for Additional Funding

Our management and board of directors monitor our overall costs, expenses, and financial resources and, if necessary, will adjust our planned operational expenditures in an attempt to ensure we have sufficient operating capital. We continue to evaluate our costs and planned expenditures including for our Sierra Mojada Property as discussed below. As noted above, however, if we are unable to obtain adequate additional financial resources, there is substantial doubt as to whether our existing cash resources and working capital are sufficient to enable us to continue our operations for the next 12 months as a going concern.

The continued exploration of the Sierra Mojada Property will require significant amounts of additional capital. In January 2016, our board of directors approved a calendar year 2016 budget of $0.4 million for the Sierra Mojada Property and a $0.9 million budget for general and administrative expenses. As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately $0.7 million in cash and cash on hand. We will continue to evaluate our ability to obtain additional financial resources, and we will reduce expenditures on the Sierra Mojada Property and general and administrative costs if we determine that additional financial resources are unavailable or available on terms that we determine are unacceptable. Also, the continued exploration and if warranted, development, of the Sierra Mojada Property ultimately will require us to raise additional capital, identify other sources of funding or identify another strategic transaction. Debt or equity financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. Equity financing, if available, will likely result in substantial dilution to existing shareholders.  If we are unable to fund future operations by obtaining additional financial resources, including public or private offerings of equity, we may be unable to continue our operations for the next 12 months as a going concern.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to our shareholders.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in the Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2015

Effective November 1, 2014, we adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2013-11, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carry Forward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carry Forward Exists." The updated guidance requires an entity to net its unrecognized tax benefits against the deferred tax assets for all same jurisdiction net operating loss carry forwards, similar tax losses or tax credit carry forwards. A gross presentation will be required only if such carry forwards are not available or would not be used by the entity to settle any additional income taxes resulting from disallowance of the uncertain tax provision. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

Effective November 1, 2014, we adopted ASU 2013-05, "Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830): Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment." The updated standard clarifies the applicable guidance for a parent company's accounting for the release of the cumulative translation adjustment into net income upon derecognition of certain subsidiaries or groups of assets within a foreign entity or of an investment in a foreign entity. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2016-01, "Financial Instruments – Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities," which requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset, and eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. These changes become effective for our fiscal year beginning November 1, 2018. Early application is permitted. We have not determined the effects of this update on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

 

 

 

In September 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-16, "Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments," which eliminates the requirement for an acquirer to retrospectively adjust the financial statements for measurement-period adjustments that occur in periods after a business combination is consummated. These changes become effective for our fiscal year beginning November 1, 2016. We have not determined the effects of this update on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, "Deferral of the Effective Date", which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" to become effective for our fiscal year beginning November 1, 2018. We have not determined the effects of this update on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, "Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory," which provides a revised, simpler measurement for inventory to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. These changes become effective for our fiscal year beginning November 1, 2017. We have not determined the effects of this update on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, "Simplifying the Presentation of  Debt Issuance Costs," which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented as a reduction to the carrying amount of that debt liability, not as an asset. These changes become effective prospectively for our fiscal year beginning November 1, 2016. We have not determined the effects of this update on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, "Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis," which amends the consolidation requirements in Accounting Standards Codification 810. These changes become effective prospectively for our fiscal year beginning November 1, 2016. We have not determined the effects of this update on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-08, "Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant, and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity." Under ASU 2014-08, only disposals of a component or group of components of an entity representing a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity's operations and financial results are presented as discontinued operations. In addition, ASU 2014-08 requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide additional information about the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of discontinued operations. ASU 2014-08 also requires disclosure of the pre-tax income attributable to a disposal of a significant part of an organization that does not qualify for discontinued operations reporting. The update is effective prospectively for our fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after November 1, 2015. We have not determined the effects of this update on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, "Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entity's Ability To Continue as a Going Concern." ASU 2014-15 is intended to define management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organization's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. The update provides guidance to an organization's management, with principles and definitions that are intended to reduce diversity in the timing and content of disclosures that are commonly provided by organizations today in the financial statement footnotes. The amendments are effective for our fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after November 1, 2017. Early application is permitted. We have not determined the effects of this update on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosure at this time.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force) and the SEC did not or are not believed to have a material impact on our present or future consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to establish accounting policies and make estimates and assumptions that affect our reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. These financial statements include some estimates and assumptions that are based on informed judgments and estimates of management. We evaluate our policies and estimates on an ongoing basis and discuss the development, selection and disclosure of critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. Predicting future events is inherently an imprecise activity and as such requires the use of judgment. Our consolidated financial statements may differ based upon different estimates and assumptions.

 

 

 

We discuss our significant accounting policies in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements. Our significant accounting policies are subject to judgments and uncertainties that affect the application of such policies. We believe these consolidated financial statements include the most likely outcomes with regard to amounts that are based on our judgment and estimates. Our consolidated financial position and results of operations may be materially different when reported under different conditions or when using different assumptions in the application of such policies. In the event estimates or assumptions prove to be different from the actual amounts, adjustments are made in subsequent periods to reflect more current information. We believe the following accounting policies are critical to the preparation of our consolidated financial statements due to the estimation process and business judgment involved in their application:

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates based on assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and related notes to the consolidated financial statements.  Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant under the circumstances. Revisions to estimates and assumptions are accounted for prospectively.

Significant areas involving the use of estimates include determining the allowance for uncollectible taxes, evaluating recoverability of property concessions, evaluating impairment of long-lived assets, evaluating impairment of goodwill, establishing a valuation allowance on future use of deferred tax assets and calculating stock-based compensation.

Property Concessions

Property concessions acquisition costs are capitalized when incurred and will be amortized using the units of production method following the commencement of production. If a property concession is subsequently abandoned or impaired, any capitalized costs will be expensed in the period of abandonment or impairment. To date, no property concessions have reached the production stage.

Acquisition costs include cash consideration and the fair market value of shares issued on the acquisition of property concessions.

Exploration Costs

Exploration costs incurred are expensed to the date of establishing that costs incurred are economically recoverable. Exploration expenditures incurred subsequent to the establishment of economic recoverability are capitalized and included in the carrying amount of the related property. To date, we have not established the economic recoverability of our exploration prospects; therefore, all exploration costs are being expensed.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We review and evaluate our long-lived assets for impairment when events and changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts of our assets may not be recoverable. Impairment is considered to exist if the future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. An impairment loss is measured and recorded based on the difference between book value and fair value of the asset group. In estimating future cash flows, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which there is identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of cash flows from other asset groups. In estimating future cash flow we estimate the price that would be received to sell an asset group in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Significant factors that impact this price include the price of silver and zinc, and general market conditions for exploration companies among other factors.

In determining the fair value of our long-lived assets including goodwill we used our market capitalization at October 31, 2015 and reduced this amount by our cash and cash on hand at October 31, 2015. We determined market capitalization less cash and cash on hand to be sufficiently representative of fair value due to the limited number of comparable assets, all of which have unique characteristics. Although our goodwill was impaired in the current year, we do not believe the property concessions and office and mining equipment are impaired.

Goodwill

In performing the goodwill impairment tests we have the option to elect to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we determine that this is the case or we do not chose to elect to perform a qualitative assessment, we are required to perform the currently prescribed two-step goodwill impairment test to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of goodwill impairment loss to be recognized for that reporting unit (if any). If we determine based on the qualitative assessment that the fair value of a reporting unit is not less than its carrying amount, the two-step goodwill impairment test is not required.

 

 

 

Income Taxes

We follow the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the tax basis and accounting basis of the assets and liabilities measured using tax rates enacted at the balance sheet date. We recognize the tax benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is at least "more likely than not" that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement with the taxing authorities. This accounting standard also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure.

A valuation allowance is recorded against deferred tax assets if management does not believe we have met the "more likely than not" standard imposed by this guidance to allow recognition of such an asset. Management recorded a full valuation allowance at October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014 against the deferred tax assets as it deems future realization would not meet the "more likely than not" criteria.

Stock-Based Compensation and Warrants

We use the Black-Scholes pricing model as a method for determining the estimated fair value for all stock options awarded to employees, officers, directors and consultants.  The expected term of the options is based upon evaluation of historical and expected future exercise behavior.  The risk-free interest rate is based upon U.S. Treasury rates at the date of grant with maturity dates approximately equal to the expected life of the grant.  Volatility is determined upon historical volatility of our stock and adjusted if future volatility is expected to vary from historical experience.  The dividend yield is assumed to be none as we have not paid dividends nor do we anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. We use the graded vesting attribution method to recognize compensation costs over the requisite service period.

We also used the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine the fair market value of warrants.  Expected volatility is based upon weighted average historical volatility over the contractual term of the warrant and implied volatility. The risk-free interest rate is based upon implied yield on a U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issue with a remaining term equal to the contractual term of the warrants. The dividend yield is assumed to be none as we have not paid dividends and do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future.

Foreign Currency Translation

During the years ended October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014, the functional currency of Silver Bull Resources, Inc. and its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar except for the Gabonese subsidiaries whose functional currency is the CFA.

During the years ended October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014 our Mexican operations' monetary assets and liabilities were translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rate and non-monetary assets and liabilities were translated using the historical exchange rate. Our Mexican operations' revenue and expenses were translated at the average exchange rate during the period except for depreciation of office and mining equipment and impairment of property concessions which are translated using the historical exchange rate. Foreign currency translation gains and losses of our Mexican operations are included in the consolidated statement of operations.

During the years ended October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014, assets and liabilities of our Gabonese operations were translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rate, and revenue and expenses were translated at the average exchange rate during the period. Exchange differences arising on translation were disclosed as a separate component of stockholders' equity. Realized gains and losses from foreign currency transactions were reflected in the results of operations.  Intercompany transactions and balances with our Gabonese subsidiaries were considered to be planned or anticipated to settle in the foreseeable future. All foreign currency transaction gains and losses on intercompany loans which were considered to be planned or anticipated to settle in the foreseeable future were included in the consolidated statement of operations.

Discontinued Operations

Dome International consolidated balance sheet amounts and consolidated statements of operations are presented as assets and liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale on the consolidated balance sheets and as income/loss from discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations, respectively, for all periods presented. The consolidated statements of cash flow have not been adjusted to reflect assets held for sale and discontinued operations for all periods presented.

 

 

 

Item 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not applicable.

Item 8.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

See "Index to Consolidated Financial Statements" following the signature page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

  

Item 9.   CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

As of October 31, 2015, we have carried out an evaluation under the supervision of, and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act).  Based on the evaluation as of October 31, 2015, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective.

Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms.  Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as that term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, we assessed, as of October 31, 2015, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. This assessment was based on criteria established in the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  Based on our assessment using those criteria, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2015 was effective.

 

Internal control over financial reporting is defined as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that:

·

pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;

·

provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and

·

provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

 

 

A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the internal control system are met.  Because of the inherent limitations of any internal control system, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues, if any, within a company have been detected.

(c)  Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

Effective for the fiscal year 2015, we adopted the Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) as published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the fourth fiscal quarter for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We will continue to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of our internal controls and procedures over financial reporting on an ongoing basis and are committed to taking further action by implementing additional enhancements or improvements, or deploying additional human resources as may be deemed necessary.

PART III

Item 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

For information regarding our executive officers, see "Items 1 and 2: Business and Properties – Executive Officers of Silver Bull Resources".

Information relating to this item will be included in an amendment to this report or in the proxy statement for our 2016 annual shareholders meeting and is incorporated by reference in this report.

We have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all of our directors and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, and those of our officers performing similar functions.  The full text of our Code of Ethics can be found on the Corporate Governance page of our website – at http://www.silverbullresources.com/s/corporate_governance.asp. In the event our board approves an amendment to or waiver from any provision of our Code of Ethics, we will disclose the required information pertaining to such amendment or waiver on our website.

Item 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information relating to this item will be included in an amendment to this report or in the proxy statement for our 2016 annual shareholders meeting and is incorporated by reference in this report.

  

Item 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Information relating to this item will be included in an amendment to this report or in the proxy statement for our 2016 annual shareholders meeting and is incorporated by reference in this report.

Item 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information relating to this item will be included in an amendment to this report or in the proxy statement for our 2016 annual shareholders meeting and is incorporated by reference in this report.

Item 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

Information relating to this item will be included in an amendment to this report or in the proxy statement for our 2016 annual shareholders meeting and is incorporated by reference in this report.

PART IV

ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules

See "Index to Consolidated financial statements" on page F-1.

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit Number

Exhibit Description

Form

Date of Report

Exhibit

Filed Herewith

3.1

Restated Articles of Incorporation.

10-K

10/31/2010

3.1.1

3.2

Amended and Restated Bylaws

10-K

10/31/2010

3.1.2

4.1

Rights Agreement

8-A

06/12/2007

1

10.1

2006 Stock Option Plan.

10-KSB

10/31/2006

4.2

10.2

2010 Stock Option Plan and Stock Bonus Plan, as amended

8-K

02/28/2012

10.1

10.3

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated February 26, 2013, by and between the Company and Timothy Barry

8-K

02/26/2013

10.1

10.4

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated February 26, 2013, by and between the Company and Sean Fallis

8-K

02/26/2013

10.2

10.5

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated February 26, 2013, by and between the Company and Brian Edgar

8-K

02/26/2013

10.3

10.6

Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated February 26, 2015, by and between the Company and Sean Fallis.

8-K

02/26/2015

10.1

10.7

Form of Amendment to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated June 4, 2015, by and between the Company and each of Timothy Barry, Sean Fallis and Brian Edgar.

8-K

06/04/2015

10.1

14

Code of Ethics

10-KSB

10/31/2006

14

21.1

Subsidiaries of the Registrant

X

23.1

Consent of Hein & Associates LLP

X

23.2

Consent of Tuun Consulting Inc.

X

23.3

Consent of AKF Mining Services Inc.

X

31.1

Certification of CEO Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

X

31.2

Certification of CFO Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

X

32.1

Certification of CEO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

X

32.2

Certification of CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

X

101.INS*

XBRL Instance Document

X

101.SCH*

XBRL Schema Document

X

101.CAL*

XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document

X

101.DEF*

XBRL Definition Linkbase Document

X

101.LAB*

XBRL Labels Linkbase Document

X

101.PRE*

XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document

X

99.1

Sierra Mojada location map. (1)

X

* The following financial information from Silver Bull Resources, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss, Condensed Consolidated Statement of  Stockholders' Equity, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(1) Filed herewith under Items 1 and 2. Business and Properties.

 

 

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

	SILVER BULL RESOURCES, INC.
Date: January 19, 2016	By:	/s/ Timothy Barry
		Timothy Barry,
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: January 19, 2016	By:	/s/ Sean Fallis
		Sean Fallis,
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Date: January 19, 2016	By:	/s/ Timothy Barry
		Timothy Barry,
		President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
Date: January 19, 2016	By:	/s/ Joshua Crumb
		Joshua Crumb,
		Director
Date: January 19, 2016	By:	/s/ Brian Edgar
		Brian Edgar,
		Director
Date: January 19, 2016	By:	/s/ Daniel Kunz
		Daniel Kunz,
		Director
Date: January 19, 2016	By:	/s/ John McClintock
		John McClintock,
		Director

 

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SILVER BULL RESOURCES, INC.

(An Exploration Stage Company)

		PAGE NO.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm		F-2
Consolidated Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets		F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss		F-4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows		F-5 - F-6
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity		F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements		F-8 - F-22

[The balance of this page has been intentionally left blank.]

 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Silver Bull Resources, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Silver Bull Resources, Inc. (an exploration stage company) as of October 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Silver Bull Resources, Inc. (an exploration stage company) as of October 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses, and has a lack of sufficient working capital. This raises substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters also are discussed in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

HEIN & ASSOCIATES LLP

Denver, Colorado

January 19, 2016

 

 

 

SILVER BULL RESOURCES, INC.

(AN EXPLORATION STAGE COMPANY)

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

		October 31, 2015				October 31, 2014
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents		$	950,878			$	1,879,318
Value-added tax receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible taxes of $103,429 and $116,274 respectively (Note 4)			132,207				163,032
Income tax receivable			2,596				2,027
Other receivables			18,400				28,637
Prepaid expenses and deposits			135,421				219,717
Assets of discontinued operations held for sale (Note 3)			—				1,281,518
Total Current Assets			1,239,502				3,574,249
Office and mining equipment, net (Note 5)			305,614				363,519
Property concessions (Note 6)			5,593,263				5,563,263
Goodwill (Note 7)			2,058,031				18,495,031
TOTAL ASSETS		$	9,196,410			$	27,996,062
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable		$	119,371			$	253,419
Accrued liabilities and expenses (Note 8)			282,933				354,792
Income tax payable			5,436				10,000
Liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale (Note 3)			—				8,894
Total Current Liabilities			407,740				627,105
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Notes 1, 9 and 15)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Notes 9, 10, 11 and 12)
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized, 159,072,657 and 159,072,657 shares issued and outstanding, respectively			1,590,726				1,590,726
Additional paid-in capital			125,025,319				124,921,150
Accumulated deficit			(118,046,936	)			(99,301,107	)
Other comprehensive income			219,561				158,188
Total Stockholders' Equity			8,788,670				27,368,957
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY		$	9,196,410			$	27,996,062

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

 

SILVER BULL RESOURCES, INC.

(AN EXPLORATION STAGE COMPANY)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

 

		Years Ended October 31,
		2015				2014
REVENUES		$	—			$	—
EXPLORATION AND PROPERTY HOLDING COSTS
Exploration and property holding costs			802,029				1,272,580
Depreciation and property concessions' impairment (Note 6)			56,995				1,642,884
Goodwill impairment (Note 7)			16,437,000				—
TOTAL EXPLORATION AND PROPERY HOLDING COSTS			17,296,024				2,915,464
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
Personnel			519,884				729,583
Office and administrative			477,919				538,691
Professional services			280,018				237,920
Directors' fees			194,175				261,363
Provision for uncollectible value-added taxes			12,062				19,170
Depreciation			889				2,931
TOTAL GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES			1,484,947				1,789,658
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS			(18,780,971	)			(4,705,122	)
OTHER (EXPENSES) INCOME
Interest and investment income			1,462				10,423
Interest and finance costs (Note 8)			(528	)			—
Foreign currency transaction loss			(93,526	)			(88,686	)
Miscellaneous income			67				68,348
TOTAL OTHER (EXPENSES)			(92,525	)			(9,915	)
LOSS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES			(18,873,496	)			(4,715,037	)
INCOME TAX EXPENSE  (Note 13)			336				15,260
LOSS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS			(18,873,832	)			(4,730,297	)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes (Note 3)			(159,277	)			(183,954	)
Gain on sale of assets of discontinued operations, net of income taxes (Note 3)			287,280				—
NET LOSS			(18,745,829	)			(4,914,251	)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Foreign currency translation adjustments			54,210				65,026
Realized foreign currency translation gain on sale of assets of   discontinued operations (Note 3)			7,163				—
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME			61,373				65,026
COMPREHENSIVE LOSS		$	(18,684,456	)		$	(4,849,225	)
BASIC AND DILUTED NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE
(Loss) from continuing operations		$	(0.12	)		$	(0.03	)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations			—				—
NET LOSS		$	(0.12	)		$	(0.03	)
BASIC AND DILUTED WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING			159,072,657				159,072,657

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

SILVER BULL RESOURCES, INC.

(AN EXPLORATION STAGE COMPANY)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

		Years Ended October 31,
		2015				2014
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss		$	(18,745,829	)		$	(4,914,251	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by operating activities:
Depreciation and property concessions' impairment			61,189				1,848,259
Goodwill impairment (Note 7)			16,437,000				—
Provision for uncollectible value-added taxes			12,062				19,170
Gain on sale of assets of discontinued operations (Note 3)			(287,280	)			—
Other income			—				(48,128	)
Foreign currency transaction loss			175,220				146,877
Stock options issued for compensation			104,169				279,373
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Restricted cash			—				(1,512	)
Value-added tax receivable			(11,147	)			137,286
Income tax receivables			(569	)			(2,080	)
Other receivables			6,690				37,035
Prepaid expenses and deposits			75,019				9,706
Accounts payable			(141,404	)			(206,940	)
Accrued liabilities and expenses			(21,646	)			(307,485	)
Income tax payable			(4,564	)			10,390
Net cash used in operating activities			(2,341,090	)			(2,992,300	)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Other assets			80,238				(80,238	)
Equipment purchases			—				(13,324	)
Proceeds from sale of equipment			—				94,335
Acquisition of property concessions			(30,000	)			(377,845	)
Net proceeds from sale of discontinued operations (Note 3)			1,364,757				—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities			1,414,995				(377,072	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net cash  provided by financing activities			—				—
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents			(9,196	)			4,538
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents			(935,291	)			(3,364,834	)
Cash and cash equivalents beginning of period			1,886,169	*			5,251,003
Cash and cash equivalents end of period		$	950,878			$	1,886,169	*

* Cash and cash equivalents at October 31, 2014 included $6,851 recognized in assets of discontinued operations held for sale.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

 

SILVER BULL RESOURCES, INC.

(AN EXPLORATION STAGE COMPANY)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

		Years Ended October 31,
		2015				2014
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW DISCLOSURES:
Income taxes paid		$	9,562			$	13,912
Interest paid		$	528			$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

SILVER BULL RESOURCES, INC.

(AN EXPLORATION STAGE COMPANY)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

		Common Stock								Additional								Other
		Number of Shares				Amount				Paid-in Capital				Accumulated Deficit				Comprehensive Income				Total
Balance, November 1, 2013			159,072,657			$	1,590,726			$	124,641,777			$	(94,386,856	)		$	93,162			$	31,938,809
Stock option activity as follows:
-   Stock based compensation for options issued to officers, employees, consultants and directors			—				—				279,373				—				— —				279,373
Other comprehensive income			—				—				—				—				65,026				65,026
Net loss for the year ended October 31, 2014			—				—				—				(4,914,251	)			———				(4,914,251	)
Balance, October  31, 2014			159,072,657			$	1,590,726			$	124,921,150			$	(99,301,107	)		$	158,188			$	27,368,957
Stock option activity as follows:
-   Stock based compensation for options issued to officers, employees, consultants and directors			—				—				104,169				—				—				104,169
Other comprehensive income			—				—				—				—				61,373				61,373
Net loss for the year ended October 31, 2015			—				—				—				(18,745,829	)			—				(18,745,829	)
Balance, October  31, 2015			159,072,657			$	1,590,726			$	125,025,319			$	(118,046,936	)		$	219,561			$	8,788,670

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION, DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND GOING CONCERN

Silver Bull Resources, Inc. (the "Company") was incorporated in the State of Nevada on November 8, 1993 as the Cadgie Company for the purpose of acquiring and developing mineral properties. The Cadgie Company was a spin-off from its predecessor, Precious Metal Mines, Inc. On June 28, 1996, the Company's name was changed to Metalline Mining Company. On April 21, 2011, the Company's name was changed to Silver Bull Resources, Inc. The Company's fiscal year-end is October 31. The Company has not realized any revenues from its planned operations and is considered an exploration stage company. The Company has not established any reserves with respect to its exploration projects and may never enter into the development stage with respect to any of its projects.

The Company engages in the business of mineral exploration. The Company currently owns or has the option to acquire a number of property concessions in Mexico (collectively known as the "Sierra Mojada Property"). The Company conducts its operations in Mexico through its wholly-owned subsidiary corporations, Minera Metalin S.A. de C.V. ("Minera") and Contratistas de Sierra Mojada S.A. de C.V. ("Contratistas"), and through Minera's wholly-owned subsidiary Minas de Coahuila SBR S.A. de C.V. ("Minas").

On April 16, 2010, Metalline Mining Delaware, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was merged with and into Dome Ventures Corporation ("Dome").  As a result, Dome became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Dome has a wholly-owned subsidiary, Dome Asia Inc. ("Dome Asia"), which is incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. Dome Asia has a wholly-owned subsidiary incorporated in Gabon, African Resources SARL Gabon ("African Resources"), as well as a 99.99%-owned subsidiary, Dome Minerals Nigeria Limited, incorporated in Nigeria. In January 2015, the Company completed the sale of its subsidiary Dome International Global Inc. ("Dome International"), including Dome International's wholly-owned subsidiary Dome Ventures SARL Gabon ("Dome Gabon"), which held the Ndjole Prospect in Gabon (Note 3).

The Company's efforts and expenditures have been concentrated on the exploration of properties, principally in the Sierra Mojada Property located in Coahuila, Mexico. The Company has not determined whether its exploration properties contain ore reserves that are economically recoverable. The ultimate realization of the Company's investment in exploration properties is dependent upon the success of future property sales, the existence of economically recoverable reserves, and the ability of the Company to obtain financing or make other arrangements for exploration, development, and future profitable production activities. The ultimate realization of the Company's investment in exploration properties cannot be determined at this time.

Since its inception in November 1993, the Company has not generated revenue and has incurred a deficit of $118,046,936.  Accordingly, the Company has not generated cash flow from operations, and since inception the Company has relied primarily upon proceeds from private placements and registered direct offerings of the Company's equity securities and warrant exercises as the primary sources of financing to fund the Company's operations. As of October 31, 2015, the Company had working capital of $831,762 and cash and cash equivalents of $950,878. The Company's continuation as a going concern is dependent upon several possible financing and strategic options not limited to the following: obtaining adequate equity financing which the Company has successfully secured periodically since its inception, joint venture opportunities on the Sierra Mojada Property and asset divestitures. However, there is no assurance that the Company will be successful in pursuing these financing and strategic options and accordingly, there is substantial doubt as to whether the Company's existing cash resources and working capital are sufficient to enable the Company to continue its operations for the next 12 months as a going concern. 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments to the amounts and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary in the event the Company can no longer continue as a going concern.

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

This summary of significant accounting policies is presented to assist in understanding the consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements and notes are representations of the Company's management, which is responsible for their integrity and objectivity.

The Company's consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and prepared using the accrual method of accounting.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. The wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company are listed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates based on assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and related notes to the consolidated financial statements.  Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant under the circumstances. Revisions to estimates and assumptions are accounted for prospectively.

Significant areas involving the use of estimates include determining the allowance for uncollectible taxes, evaluating recoverability of property concessions, evaluating impairment of long-lived assets, evaluating impairment of goodwill, establishing a valuation allowance on future use of deferred tax assets and calculating stock-based compensation.

The Company recognizes revenue when the title and risks and rewards of ownership pass to the buyer, the selling price is fixed and determinable, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and collection of the sale proceeds is considered probable. As of October 31, 2015, the Company has not recognized any revenues.

Cash and cash equivalents include all highly-liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase.

Property concessions acquisition costs are capitalized when incurred and will be amortized using the units of production method following the commencement of production. If a property concession is subsequently abandoned or impaired, any capitalized costs will be expensed in the period of abandonment or impairment. To date, no property concessions have reached the production stage.

Acquisition costs include cash consideration and the fair market value of shares issued on the acquisition of property concessions.

Exploration costs incurred are expensed to the date of establishing that costs incurred are economically recoverable. Exploration expenditures incurred subsequent to the establishment of economic recoverability are capitalized and included in the carrying amount of the related property. To date, the Company has not established the economic recoverability of its exploration prospects; therefore, all exploration costs are being expensed.

Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Assets under construction are depreciated when they are substantially complete and available for their intended use, over their estimated useful lives. Repairs and maintenance of property and equipment are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred to enhance the service potential of property and equipment are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful life of the improved asset. Property and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows:

·

Mining equipment – five to 10 years

·

Vehicles – four years

·

Building and structures – 40 years

·

Computer equipment and software – three years

·

Well equipment – 10 to 40 years

·

Office equipment – three to 10 years

 

 

 

 

Management reviews and evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment when events and changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts of its assets may not be recoverable. Impairment is considered to exist if the future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. An impairment loss is measured and recorded based on the difference between book value and fair value of the asset group. In estimating future cash flows, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which there is identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of cash flows from other asset groups. In estimating future cash flow the Company estimates the price that would be received to sell an asset group in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Significant factors that impact this price include the price of silver and zinc, and general market conditions for exploration companies among other factors.

In determining the fair value of its long-lived assets including goodwill the Company used its market capitalization at October 31, 2015 and reduced this amount by the Company's cash and cash equivalents at October 31, 2015. The Company determined market capitalization less cash and cash equivalents to be sufficiently representative of fair value due to the limited number of comparable assets, all of which have unique characteristics. Although the Company's goodwill was impaired in the current year, the Company does not believe the property concessions and office and mining equipment are impaired.

In performing the goodwill impairment tests the Company has the option to elect to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company determines that this is the case or the Company does not chose to elect to perform a qualitative assessment, the Company is required to perform the currently prescribed two-step goodwill impairment test to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of goodwill impairment loss to be recognized for that reporting unit (if any). If the Company determines based on the qualitative assessment that the fair value of a reporting unit is not less than its carrying amount, the two-step goodwill impairment test is not required.

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the tax basis and accounting basis of the assets and liabilities measured using tax rates enacted at the balance sheet date. The Company recognizes the tax benefit from uncertain tax positions only if it is at least "more likely than not" that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement with the taxing authorities. This accounting standard also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure.

A valuation allowance is recorded against deferred tax assets if management does not believe the Company has met the "more likely than not" standard imposed by this guidance to allow recognition of such an asset. Management recorded a full valuation allowance at October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014 against the deferred tax assets as it deems future realization would not meet the "more likely than not" criteria.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes pricing model as a method for determining the estimated fair value for all stock options awarded to employees, officers, directors and consultants.  The expected term of the options is based upon evaluation of historical and expected future exercise behavior.  The risk-free interest rate is based upon U.S. Treasury rates at the date of grant with maturity dates approximately equal to the expected life of the grant.  Volatility is determined based upon historical volatility of the Company's stock and adjusted if future volatility is expected to vary from historical experience.  The dividend yield is assumed to be none as the Company has not paid dividends nor does the Company anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future.  The Company uses the graded vesting attribution method to recognize compensation costs over the requisite service period.

The Company also uses the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine the fair market value of warrants. Expected volatility is based upon weighted average historical volatility over the contractual term of the warrant and implied volatility. The risk-free interest rate is based upon implied yield on a U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issue with a remaining term equal to the contractual term of the warrants.  The dividend yield is assumed to be none as the Company has not paid dividends nor does not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

 

 

Basic loss per share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings of an entity similar to fully diluted loss per share. Although there were stock options in the aggregate of 8,657,858 shares and 11,422,144 shares outstanding at October 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, they were not included in the calculation of loss per share because they would have been considered anti-dilutive.

 

During the years ended October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014, the functional currency of Silver Bull Resources, Inc. and its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar except for the Gabonese subsidiaries whose functional currency is the Central African franc ("$CFA").

During the years ended October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014 the Company's Mexican operations' monetary assets and liabilities were translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rate and non-monetary assets and liabilities were translated using the historical exchange rate. The Company's Mexican operations' revenue and expenses were translated at the average exchange rate during the period except for depreciation of office and mining equipment and impairment of property concessions which are translated using the historical exchange rate. Foreign currency translation gains and losses of the Company's Mexican operations are included in the consolidated statement of operations.

During the years ended October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014 assets and liabilities of the Company's Gabonese operations were translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rate, and revenue and expenses were translated at the average exchange rate during the period. Exchange differences arising on translation were disclosed as a separate component of stockholders' equity. Realized gains and losses from foreign currency transactions were reflected in the results of operations.  Intercompany transactions and balances with the Company's Gabonese subsidiaries were considered to be planned or anticipated to settle in the foreseeable future. All foreign currency transaction gains and losses on intercompany loans which were considered to be planned or anticipated to settle in the foreseeable future were included in the consolidated statement of operations.

From time to time, the Company is named as a defendant in legal actions arising from its normal business activities. The Company records an accrual for the estimated loss from a loss contingency when information available prior to issuance of its financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.  Disclosure of a loss contingency is made by the Company if there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss has been incurred, and either an accrual has not been made or an exposure to loss exists in excess of the amount accrued. In cases where only disclosure of the loss contingency is required, either the estimated loss or a range of estimated loss is disclosed or it is stated that an estimate cannot be made. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are considered period costs and accordingly are expensed in the period services are provided.

Dome International consolidated balance sheet amounts and consolidated statements of operations are presented as assets and liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale on the consolidated balance sheets and as income/loss from discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations, respectively, for all periods presented. The consolidated statements of cash flow have not been adjusted to reflect assets held for sale and discontinued operations for all periods presented.

Effective November 1, 2014, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2013-11, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carry Forward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carry Forward Exists." The updated guidance requires an entity to net its unrecognized tax benefits against the deferred tax assets for all same jurisdiction net operating loss carry forwards, similar tax losses or tax credit carry forwards. A gross presentation will be required only if such carry forwards are not available or would not be used by the entity to settle any additional income taxes resulting from disallowance of the uncertain tax provision. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

 

 

 

Effective November 1, 2014, the Company adopted ASU 2013-05, "Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830): Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment." The updated standard clarifies the applicable guidance for a parent company's accounting for the release of the cumulative translation adjustment into net income upon derecognition of certain subsidiaries or groups of assets within a foreign entity or of an investment in a foreign entity. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2016-01, "Financial Instruments – Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities," requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset, and eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost. These changes become effective for the Company's fiscal year beginning November 1, 2018. Early application is permitted. The Company has not determined the effects of this update on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In September 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-16, "Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments," which eliminates the requirement for an acquirer to retrospectively adjust the financial statements for measurement-period adjustments that occur in periods after a business combination is consummated. These changes become effective for the Company's fiscal year beginning November 1, 2016. The Company has not determined the effects of this update on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, "Deferral of the Effective Date," which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" to become effective for the Company's fiscal year beginning November 1, 2018. The Company has not determined the effects of this update on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, "Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory," which provides a revised, simpler measurement for inventory to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. These changes become effective for the Company's fiscal year beginning November 1, 2017. The Company has not determined the effects of this update on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, "Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs," which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented as a reduction to the carrying amount of that debt liability, not as an asset. These changes become effective prospectively for the Company's fiscal year beginning November 1, 2016. The Company has not determined the effects of this update on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, "Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis," which amends the consolidation requirements in Accounting Standards Codification 810. These changes become effective prospectively for the Company's fiscal year beginning November 1, 2016. The Company has not determined the effects of this update on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-08, "Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant, and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity." Under ASU 2014-08, only disposals of a component or group of components of an entity representing a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity's operations and financial results are presented as discontinued operations. In addition, ASU 2014-08 requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide additional information about the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of discontinued operations. ASU 2014-08 also requires disclosure of the pre-tax income attributable to a disposal of a significant part of an organization that does not qualify for discontinued operations reporting. The update is effective prospectively for the Company's fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after November 1, 2015. The Company has not determined the effects of this update on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, "Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entity's Ability To Continue as a Going Concern." ASU 2014-15 is intended to define management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organization's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. The update provides guidance to an organization's management, with principles and definitions that are intended to reduce diversity in the timing and content of disclosures that are commonly provided by organizations today in the financial statement footnotes. The amendments are effective for the Company's fiscal year and interim periods within those years beginning after November 1, 2017. Early application is permitted. The Company has not determined the effects of this update on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows and disclosures at this time.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force) and the SEC did not or are not believed to have a material impact on the Company's present or future consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

NOTE 3 – DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

On January 23, 2015, the Company closed the sale to BHK Mining Corp. (formerly BHK Resources, Inc.) of 100% of the issued and outstanding securities of the Company's former subsidiary, Dome International, which holds, indirectly, a 100% interest in the Ndjole concession. Under the terms of the share purchase agreement, the Company received cash consideration of $1,500,000 and reimbursement of the Company's expenses of $75,000 in cash. In addition, the Company incurred transaction costs of $210,243. As a result of this transaction, the Company realized a gain on the sale of assets of discontinued operation of $287,280, net of income taxes.

During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2014, the Company determined that the Ndjole concession was impaired as its carrying amount was not recoverable based on the implied fair value from the proposed sale proceeds. An impairment loss of $187,981 was recognized.

The following table details selected financial information included in the (income) loss from discontinued operations for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014.

		For the Year Ended
		October 31,
		2015				2014
Exploration and property holding costs (recovery)		$	85,542			$	(28,368	)
Depreciation and asset impairment			3,305				202,444
Recovery of uncollectible value added taxes			—				(58,220	)
Foreign currency transaction loss			70,430				68,098
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of income taxes			(287,280	)			—
(Income) loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes		$	(128,003	)		$	183,954

 

The major classes of assets and liabilities of Dome International and Dome Gabon are presented as assets held for sale in the consolidated balance sheets are as follows:

		October 31,				October 31,
		2015				2014
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$	—			$	6,851
Restricted cash			—				1,417
Value-added tax receivable			—				8,053
Prepaid expenses and deposits			—				6,796
Other assets			—				80,238
Office and mining equipment, net			—				9,536
Property concession			—				1,168,627
Total assets of discontinued operations held for sale		$	—			$	1,281,518

Liabilities
Accounts payable		$	—			$	8,894
Total liabilities of discontinued operations held for sale		$	—			$	8,894

 

 

NOTE 4 – VALUE-ADDED TAX RECEIVABLE

Value-added tax ("VAT") receivable relates to VAT paid in Mexico and Gabon. The Company estimates net VAT of $132,207 will be received within 12 months of the balance sheet date. The allowance for uncollectible VAT taxes was estimated by management based upon a number of factors including the length of time the returns have been outstanding, responses received from tax authorities, general economic conditions in Mexico and Gabon and estimated net recovery after commissions. During the year ended October 31, 2015, a provision of uncollectible VAT of $12,062 has been recorded.

A summary of the changes in the allowance for uncollectible VAT taxes for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014 is as follows:

 

Allowance for uncollectible VAT taxes – October 31, 2013		$	127,557
Provision for uncollectible VAT Taxes			19,170
Write-off VAT receivable			(25,066	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment			(5,387	)
Allowance for uncollectible VAT taxes – October 31, 2014			116,274
Provision for uncollectible VAT Taxes			12,062
Write-off VAT receivable			(3,550	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment			(21,357	)
Allowance for uncollectible taxes – October 31, 2015		$	103,429

NOTE 5 – OFFICE AND MINING EQUIPMENT

The following is a summary of the Company's office and mining equipment at October 31, 2015 and October 31, 2014, respectively:

 

		October 31,				October 31,
		2015				2014
Mining equipment		$	504,451			$	504,451
Vehicles			81,261				81,261
Buildings and structures			191,966				191,966
Computer equipment and software			83,701				84,989
Well equipment			39,637				39,637
Office equipment			52,931				52,931
			953,947				955,235
Less:  Accumulated depreciation			(648,333	)			(591,716	)
		$	305,614			$	363,519

NOTE 6 – PROPERTY CONCESSIONS

The following is a summary of the Company's property concessions in Mexico and Gabon as at October 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively:

		Sierra Mojada,				Mitzic,
		Mexico				Gabon				Total
Property Concessions – October 31, 2013		$	6,419,833			$	322,141			$	6,741,974
Acquisitions			377,845				—				377,845
Impairment			(1,234,415	)			(324,560	)			(1,558,975	)
Foreign currency translation adjustments			—				2,419				2,419
Property Concessions – October 31, 2014		$	5,563,263			$	—			$	5,563,263
Acquisitions			30,000				—				30,000
Property Concessions – October 31, 2015		$	5,593,263			$	—			$	5,593,263