Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2019 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019



☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-35633

Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)



Maryland		45-5188530
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2400 3rd Avenue, Suite 150, Seattle, Washington		98121
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (206) 448-0884

None

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value	SFBC	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). YES ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☒

Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☒

	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ☐ NO ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date.

As of November 6, 2019, there were 2,567,946 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

Table of Contents

SOUND FINANCIAL BANCORP, INC.

FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS



	Page Number
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (unaudited)	3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)	4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)	5

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)	6

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)	8

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	9

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	32

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	42

Item 4. Controls and Procedures	43

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	44

Item 1A. Risk Factors	44

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	44

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	44

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	44

Item 5. Other Information	44

Item 6. Exhibits	45

SIGNATURES	46

EXHIBITS

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

SOUND FINANCIAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)



	September 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	58,873		$	61,810
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value	7,841			4,957
Loans held-for-sale	1,644			1,172
Loans held-for-portfolio	612,903			619,543
Allowance for loan losses	(5,618		)	(5,774		)
Total loans held-for-portfolio, net	607,285			613,769
Accrued interest receivable	2,206			2,287
Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”), net	14,002			13,365
Other real estate owned (“OREO”) and repossessed assets, net	1,069			575
Mortgage servicing rights, at fair value	3,226			3,414
Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) stock, at cost	1,358			4,134
Premises and equipment, net	6,570			7,044
Right of use assets	7,896			—
Other assets	3,349			4,208
Total assets	$	715,319		$	716,735
LIABILITIES
Deposits
Interest-bearing	$	506,469		$	457,535
Noninterest-bearing demand	103,152			96,066
Total deposits	609,621			553,601
Borrowings	12,450			84,000
Accrued interest payable	212			137
Lease liabilities	8,252			—
Other liabilities	7,565			6,681
Advance payments from borrowers for taxes and insurance	1,203			689
Total liabilities	639,303			645,108
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 7)
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding	—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 40,000,000 shares authorized, 2,567,946 and 2,544,059 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	25			25
Additional paid-in capital	26,162			25,663
Unearned shares - Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”)	(255		)	(340		)
Retained earnings	49,899			46,165
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax	185			114
Total stockholders’ equity	76,016			71,627
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	715,319		$	716,735

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

SOUND FINANCIAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
INTEREST INCOME
Loans, including fees	$	8,060		$	7,896		$	24,231		$	22,950
Interest and dividends on investments, cash and cash equivalents	381			378			1,219			888
Total interest income	8,441			8,274			25,450			23,838
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits	1,830			974			4,917			2,665
Borrowings	100			439			674			993
Total interest expense	1,930			1,413			5,591			3,658
Net interest income	6,511			6,861			19,859			20,180
PROVISION (RECAPTURE) FOR LOAN LOSSES	250			250			(150		)	500
Net interest income after provision (recapture) for loan losses	6,261			6,611			20,009			19,680
NONINTEREST INCOME
Service charges and fee income	512			504			1,437			1,426
Earnings on cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance	81			149			267			308
Mortgage servicing income	259			282			756			828
Fair value adjustment on mortgage servicing rights	(90		)	(260		)	(576		)	(381		)
Net gain on sale of loans	440			369			1,283			1,135
Other income	—			490			—			490
Total noninterest income	1,202			1,534			3,167			3,806
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Salaries and benefits	3,075			3,327			9,369			9,523
Operations	1,397			1,355			4,481			3,793
Regulatory assessments	(49		)	136			178			328
Occupancy	509			588			1,560			1,636
Data processing	587			453			1,547			1,367
Net loss on OREO and repossessed assets	1			11			11			62
Total noninterest expense	5,520			5,870			17,146			16,709
Income before provision for income taxes	1,943			2,275			6,030			6,777
Provision for income taxes	395			445			1,221			1,380
Net income	$	1,548		$	1,830		$	4,809		$	5,397

Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.61		$	0.73		$	1.90		$	2.17
Diluted	$	0.60		$	0.71		$	1.87		$	2.10
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic	2,526,240			2,502,959			2,521,393			2,492,738
Diluted	2,578,287			2,569,535			2,572,499			2,564,688

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

SOUND FINANCIAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)

(In thousands)



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income	$	1,548		$	1,830		$	4,809		$	5,397
Available for sale securities:
Unrealized holding (losses)/gains arising during the period	(3		)	(8		)	90			(46		)
Income tax benefit/(expense) related to unrealized gains/losses	1			1			(19		)	9
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax	(2		)	(7		)	71			(37		)
Comprehensive income	$	1,546		$	1,823		$	4,880		$	5,360

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

SOUND FINANCIAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)



	Shares		Common Stock		Additional Paid -in Capital		Unearned ESOP Shares			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, net of tax			Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balance, at June 30, 2019	2,563,488		$	25	$	25,926	$	(283	)	$	48,710		$	187		$	74,565
Net income										1,548						1,548
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax													(2		)	(2		)
Share-based compensation					72											72
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($0.14 per share)										(359		)				(359		)
Common stock surrendered	(1,032	)														—
Common stock options exercised	5,490				93											93
Allocation of ESOP shares					71		28									99
Balance, at September 30, 2019	2,567,946		$	25	$	26,162	$	(255	)	$	49,899		$	185		$	76,016

Balance, at December 31, 2018	2,544,059		$	25	$	25,663	$	(340	)	$	46,165		$	114		$	71,627
Net income										4,809						4,809
Other comprehensive income, net of tax													71			71
Share-based compensation					159											159
Restricted stock awards issued	15,925															—
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($0.42 per share)										(1,075		)				(1,075		)
Common stock surrendered	(3,810	)														—
Common stock options exercised	11,772				131											131
Allocation of ESOP shares					209		85									294
Balance, at September 30, 2019	2,567,946		$	25	$	26,162	$	(255	)	$	49,899		$	185		$	76,016



	Shares		Common Stock		Additional Paid -in Capital		Unearned ESOP Shares			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, net of tax			Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balance, at June 30, 2018	2,539,814		$	25	$	25,371	$	(397	)	$	43,405		$	79		$	68,483
Net income										1,830						1,830
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax													(7		)	(7		)
Share-based compensation					67											67
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($0.14 per share)										(356		)				(356		)
Common stock surrendered	(600	)														—
Restricted shares forfeited	—															—
Common stock options exercised	600				—											—
Allocation of ESOP shares					85		28									113
Balance, at September 30, 2018	2,539,814		$	25	$	25,523	$	(369	)	$	44,879		$	72		$	70,130

Balance, at December 31, 2017	2,511,127		$	25	$	24,986	$	(453	)	$	40,493		$	109		$	65,160
Net income										5,397						5,397
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax													(37		)	(37		)
Share-based compensation					201											201
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($0.40 per share)										(1,011		)				(1,011		)
Common stock surrendered	(15,990	)														—
Restricted shares forfeited	(343	)														—
Common stock options exercised	45,020				102											102
Allocation of ESOP shares					234		84									318
Balance, at September 30, 2018	2,539,814		$	25	$	25,523	$	(369	)	$	44,879		$	72		$	70,130

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

SOUND FINANCIAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

(In thousands)



	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	4,809		$	5,397
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Amortization (accretion) of net discounts on investments	27			(31		)
(Recapture) provision for loan losses	(150		)	500
Depreciation and amortization	799			852
Compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock	159			201
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights	576			381
Increase in cash surrender value of BOLI	(267		)	(240		)
Net change in advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance	514			497
Net gain on sale of loans	(1,283		)	(1,135		)
Proceeds from sale of loans held-for-sale	54,813			39,441
Originations of loans held-for-sale	(54,683		)	(38,314		)
Net loss on OREO and repossessed assets	11			62
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accrued interest receivable	81			(227		)
Other assets	859			379
Accrued interest payable	75			16
Other liabilities	883			1,664
Net cash provided by operating activities	7,223			9,443
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of available-for-sale securities	(3,066		)	—
Proceeds from principal payments, maturities and sales of available-for-sale securities	245			455
Net decrease (increase) in loans	6,694			(68,635		)
Purchase of BOLI	(402		)	(315		)
Purchases of premises and equipment, net	(227		)	(608		)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	3,244			(69,103		)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net increase in deposits	56,020			25,432
Proceeds from borrowings	91,225			198,000
Repayment of borrowings	(162,775		)	(160,000		)
FHLB stock redeemed (purchased)	2,776			(1,569		)
Allocation of ESOP shares	294			318
Proceeds from common stock option exercises	131			102
Dividends paid on common stock	(1,075		)	(1,011		)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(13,404		)	61,272
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(2,937		)	1,612
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	61,810			60,680
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	58,873		$	62,292

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for income taxes	$	425		$	2,200
Interest paid on deposits and borrowings	5,516			3,674
Loans transferred from loans held-for-portfolio to OREO and repossessed assets	494			—

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

SOUND FINANCIAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

The accompanying financial information is unaudited and has been prepared from the consolidated financial statements of Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Sound Community Bank and Sound Community Insurance Agency, Inc. References in this document to Sound Financial Bancorp refer to Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc. and references to the “Bank” refer to Sound Community Bank. References to “we,” “us,” and “our” or the “Company” refers to Sound Financial Bancorp and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Sound Community Bank and Sound Community Insurance Agency, Inc., unless the context otherwise requires.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented have been included. Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. These unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the SEC on March 14, 2019 (“2018 Form 10-K”). The results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.

Certain amounts in the prior period’s consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. These classifications do not have an impact on previously reported consolidated net income, retained earnings, stockholders’ equity or earnings per share.

Note 2 – Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued or Adopted

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2018-13, "Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement" ("ASU 2018-13"). This ASU modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The following disclosure requirements were removed from FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 820 - Fair Value Measurement: (1) the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; (2) the policy for timing of transfers between levels; and (3) the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU clarifies that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. The ASU adds the following disclosure requirements for Level 3 measurements: (1) changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for the recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period; and (2) the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. Amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU amends the accounting for share-based payments awards to nonemployees to align with the accounting for employee awards. Under the new guidance, the existing employee guidance will apply to nonemployee share-based transactions (as long as the transaction is not effectively a form of financing), with the exception of specific guidance related to the attribution of compensation cost. The cost of nonemployee awards will continue to be recorded as if the grantor had paid cash for the goods or services. In addition, the contractual term will be able to be used in lieu of an expected term in the option-pricing model for nonemployee awards. Amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-07 on January 1, 2019 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. This ASU amends the hedge accounting recognition and presentation requirements in ASC 815 to improve the transparency and understandability of information conveyed to financial statement users about an entity's risk management activities by better aligning the entity's financial reporting for hedging relationships with those risk management activities and reduce the complexity of and simplify the application of hedge accounting by preparers. The amendments in this ASU permit hedge accounting for hedging relationships involving nonfinancial risk and interest rate risk by removing certain limitations in cash flow and fair value hedging relationships. In addition, the ASU requires an entity to present

the earnings effect of the hedging instrument in the same income statement line item in which the earnings effect of the hedged item is reported. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU No. 2017-12 on January 1, 2019, did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20). ASU 2017-08 is intended to amend the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. Under ASU 2017-08, the FASB is shortening the amortization period for the premium to the earliest call date. Under current GAAP, entities generally amortize the premium as an adjustment of yield over the contractual life of the instrument. ASU 2017-08 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of ASU No. 2017-08 on January 1, 2019 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, or ASU 2017-04, which eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. ASU 2017-04 also eliminates the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. Adoption of ASU 2017-04 is required for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments- Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU replaces the existing incurred loss impairment methodology that recognizes credit losses when a probable loss has been incurred with new methodology where loss estimates are based upon lifetime expected credit losses. The amendments in this ASU require a financial asset that is measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The income statement would then reflect the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets as well as changes to the expected credit losses that have taken place during the reporting period. The measurement of expected credit losses will be based on historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that impact the collectability of the reported amount. Available-for-sale securities will bifurcate the fair value mark and establish an allowance for credit losses through the income statement for the credit portion of that mark. The interest portion will continue to be recognized through accumulated other comprehensive income or loss. The change in allowance recognized as a result of adoption will occur through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the ASU is adopted. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-05, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief” (ASU 2019-05). This ASU provides transition relief for entities adopting the FASB’s credit losses standard, ASU 2016-13 and allows companies to irrevocably elect, upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, the fair value option for certain financial instruments. In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments” (ASU 2019-04). This ASU clarifies certain aspects of accounting for credit losses, hedging activities, and financial instruments. The amendments in these ASUs are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022, assuming the adoption of an ASU implementing the FASB board decision in October 2019 extending the adoption date for certain registrants, including the Company, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating its current expected loss methodology on the loan and investment portfolios to identify the necessary modifications in accordance with this standard. The Company has not quantified the impact of these ASUs.

In February 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). ASU No. 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize, on the balance sheet, the assets and liabilities arising from operating leases. A lessee should recognize a liability to make lease payments and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. A lessee should include payments to be made in an optional period only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. For a finance lease, interest payments should be recognized separately from amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of comprehensive income. For operating leases, the lease cost should be allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), Targeted Improvements. This ASU amended the new leases standard to give entities another option for transition and to provide lessors with a practical expedient. The transition option allows entities to not apply the new leases standard in the comparative periods they present in their financial statements in the year of adoption. The practical expedient provides lessors

with an option to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components when certain criteria are met and requires them to account for the combined component in accordance with the new revenue standard if the associated non-lease components are the predominant components. The Company adopted these ASUs on January 1, 2019. See Note 12 - Leases of this report for more information.

In March 2019, FASB issued ASU 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842), Codification Improvements. The amendments in this ASU include the following items: (i) determining the fair value of the underlying asset by lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers; (ii) requiring cash received from lessors from sales-type and direct financing leases to be presented in the cash flow statement within investing activities; and (iii) clarifying interim disclosure requirements. The effective date and transition requirements for the first and second items of this ASU are effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted. We have adopted the third item of this ASU and provided the required interim disclosures in this report. The Company does not expect the adoption of items (i) and (ii) of ASU 2019-01 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Note 3 – Investments

The amortized cost and fair value of our available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses at the dates indicated were as follows (in thousands):



	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value
September 30, 2019
Treasury bills	$	52	$	—	$	—		$	52
Municipal bonds	3,202		182		(1		)	3,383
Agency mortgage-backed securities	4,353		64		(11		)	4,406
Total	$	7,607	$	246	$	(12	)	$	7,841

December 31, 2018
Municipal bonds	$	3,218	$	122	$	(23	)	$	3,317
Agency mortgage-backed securities	1,594		46		—			1,640
Total	$	4,812	$	168	$	(23	)	$	4,957

The amortized cost and fair value of AFS securities at September 30, 2019, by contractual maturity, are shown below (in thousands). Expected maturities of AFS securities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Investments not due at a single maturity date, primarily mortgage-backed investments, are shown separately.



	September 30, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due within one year	$	52	$	52
Due after one year through five years	1,549		1,560
Due after five years through ten years	459		499
Due after ten years	1,194		1,324
Mortgage-backed securities	4,353		4,406
Total	$	7,607	$	7,841

There were no pledged securities at September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

There were no sales of AFS securities during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 or 2018.

The following tables summarize the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time of those investments that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at the dates indicated (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019
	Less Than 12 Months					12 Months or Longer					Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Municipal bonds	$	—	$	—		$	1,288	$	(1	)	$	1,288	$	(1	)
Agency mortgage-backed securities	2,948		(11		)	—		—			2,948		(11		)
Total	$	2,948	$	(11	)	$	1,288	$	(1	)	$	4,236	$	(12	)



	December 31, 2018
	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer					Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Municipal bonds	$	—	$	—	$	1,283	$	(23	)	$	1,283	$	(23	)
Total	$	—	$	—	$	1,283	$	(23	)	$	1,283	$	(23	)

There were no credit losses recognized in earnings during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 or 2018 relating to the Company’s securities.

At September 30, 2019, the securities portfolio consisted of nine agency mortgage-backed securities, eight municipal securities and two short-term securities with a total portfolio fair value of $7.8 million. At December 31, 2018, the securities portfolio consisted of six agency mortgage-backed securities and eight municipal securities with a fair value of $5.0 million. At September 30, 2019, there were three agency securities in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months, and three municipal securities in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. At December 31, 2018, there were no securities in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months, and there were three municipal securities in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. The unrealized losses were caused by changes in market interest rates or the widening of market spreads subsequent to the initial purchase of these securities, and not related to the underlying credit of the issuers or the underlying collateral. It is expected that these securities will not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of each investment. The unrealized losses on these investments are not considered other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") as of September 30, 2019, because the decline in fair value is not attributable to credit quality and because we do not intend, and it is not likely that we will be required, to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis.

Note 4 – Loans

The composition of the loans-held-for portfolio at the dates indicated, excluding loans held-for-sale, was as follows (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Real estate loans:
One-to-four family	$	152,088		$	169,830
Home equity	26,851			27,655
Commercial and multifamily	254,628			252,644
Construction and land	75,846			65,259
Total real estate loans	509,413			515,388
Consumer loans:
Manufactured homes	20,406			20,145
Floating homes	40,481			40,806
Other consumer	7,785			6,628
Total consumer loans	68,672			67,579
Commercial business loans	36,910			38,804
Total loans held-for-portfolio	614,995			621,771
Deferred fees	(2,092		)	(2,228		)
Total loans, gross held-for-portfolio	612,903			619,543
Allowance for loan losses	(5,618		)	(5,774		)
Total loans held-for-portfolio, net	$	607,285		$	613,769

The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of September 30, 2019 (in thousands):



	Allowance: Individually evaluated for impairment		Allowance: Collectively evaluated for impairment		Allowance: Ending balance		Loans held for investment: Individually evaluated for impairment		Loans held for investment: Collectively evaluated for impairment		Loans held for investment: Ending balance

One-to-four family	$	212	$	953	$	1,165	$	5,546	$	146,542	$	152,088
Home equity	24		153		177		3,372		23,479		26,851
Commercial and multifamily	—		1,653		1,653		353		254,275		254,628
Construction and land	7		492		499		119		75,727		75,846
Manufactured homes	365		130		495		476		19,930		20,406
Floating homes	—		263		263		—		40,481		40,481
Other consumer	54		56		110		144		7,641		7,785
Commercial business	84		235		319		694		36,216		36,910
Unallocated	—		937		937		—		—		—
	$	746	$	4,872	$	5,618	$	10,704	$	604,291	$	614,995

The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



	Allowance: Individually evaluated for impairment		Allowance: Collectively evaluated for impairment		Allowance: Ending balance		Loans held for investment: Individually evaluated for impairment		Loans held for investment: Collectively evaluated for impairment		Loans held for investment: Ending balance

One-to-four family	$	228	$	1,086	$	1,314	$	2,760	$	167,070	$	169,830
Home equity	25		177		202		440		27,215		27,655
Commercial and multifamily	—		1,638		1,638		702		251,942		252,644
Construction and land	8		423		431		163		65,096		65,259
Manufactured homes	299		128		427		424		19,721		20,145
Floating homes	—		265		265		—		40,806		40,806
Other consumer	64		48		112		157		6,471		6,628
Commercial business	112		244		356		1,192		37,612		38,804
Unallocated	—		1,029		1,029		—		—		—
Total	$	736	$	5,038	$	5,774	$	5,838	$	615,933	$	621,771

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands):



	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provision (Recapture)			Ending Allowance
One-to-four family	$	1,139	$	—		$	3	$	23		$	1,165
Home equity	165		—			2		10			177
Commercial and multifamily	1,467		—			—		186			1,653
Construction and land	464		(1		)	—		36			499
Manufactured homes	463		—			—		32			495
Floating homes	262		—			—		1			263
Other consumer	120		(8		)	1		(3		)	110
Commercial business	509		—			1		(191		)	319
Unallocated	781		—			—		156			937
Total	$	5,370	$	(9	)	$	7	$	250		$	5,618

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (in thousands):



	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		(Recapture) Provision			Ending Allowance
One-to-four family	$	1,314	$	—		$	3	$	(152	)	$	1,165
Home equity	202		—			8		(33		)	177
Commercial and multifamily	1,638		—			—		15			1,653
Construction and land	431		—			—		68			499
Manufactured homes	427		—			—		68			495
Floating homes	265		—			—		(2		)	263
Other consumer	112		(41		)	23		16			110
Commercial business	356		—			1		(38		)	319
Unallocated	1,029		—			—		(92		)	937
Total	$	5,774	$	(41	)	$	35	$	(150	)	$	5,618

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 (in thousands):



	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provision (Recapture)			Ending Allowance
One-to-four family	$	1,579	$	—		$	—	$	(140	)	$	1,439
Home equity	211		—			3		(4		)	210
Commercial and multifamily	1,401		—			—		230			1,631
Construction and land	385		—			—		3			388
Manufactured homes	326		—			—		93			419
Floating homes	195		—			—		74			269
Other consumer	116		(11		)	3		(1		)	107
Commercial business	553		—			—		(134		)	419
Unallocated	737		—			—		129			866
Total	$	5,503	$	(11	)	$	6	$	250		$	5,748

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 (in thousands):



	Beginning Allowance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provision (Recapture)			Ending Allowance
One-to-four family	$	1,436	$	—		$	1	$	2		$	1,439
Home equity	293		(7		)	41		(117		)	210
Commercial and multifamily	1,250		—			—		381			1,631
Construction and land	378		—			—		10			388
Manufactured homes	355		(12		)	—		76			419
Floating homes	169		—			—		100			269
Other consumer	80		(24		)	8		43			107
Commercial business	372		—			—		47			419
Unallocated	908		—			—		(42		)	866
Total	$	5,241	$	(43	)	$	50	$	500		$	5,748

Credit Quality Indicators. Federal regulations provide for the classification of lower quality loans as substandard, doubtful or loss. An asset is considered substandard if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and payment capacity of the borrower or of any collateral pledged. Substandard assets include those characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in assets classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation of the assets in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Assets classified as loss are those considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets without establishment of a specific loss reserve is not warranted.

When we classify problem loans as either substandard or doubtful, we may establish a specific allowance in an amount we deem prudent to address the risk specifically (if the loan is impaired) or we may allow the loss to be addressed in the general allowance (if the loan is not impaired). General allowances represent loss reserves which have been established to recognize the inherent risk associated with lending activities, but which, unlike specific allowances, have not been specifically allocated to particular problem loans. When the Company classifies problem loans as a loss, we charge-off such assets in the period in which they are deemed uncollectible. Assets that do not currently expose us to sufficient risk to warrant classification as substandard, doubtful or loss, but possess identified weaknesses, are classified as either watch or special mention assets. Our determination as to the classification of our assets and the amount of our valuation allowances is subject to review by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), the Bank’s federal regulator, and the Washington Department of Financial Institutions (“WDFI”), the Bank’s state banking regulator, both which can order the establishment of additional loss allowances. Pass rated loans are loans that are not otherwise classified or criticized.

The following table presents the internally assigned grades as of September 30, 2019, by type of loan (in thousands):



	One-to- four family		Home equity		Commercial and multifamily		Construction and land		Manufactured homes		Floating homes		Other consumer		Commercial business		Total
Grade:
Pass	$	147,326	$	23,355	$	245,885	$	70,590	$	19,989	$	40,481	$	7,731	$	34,378	$	589,735
Watch	—		—		3,741		—		65		—		—		566		4,372
Special Mention	—		—		3,843		5,176		—		—		—		321		9,340
Substandard	4,762		3,496		1,159		80		352		—		54		1,645		11,548
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	152,088	$	26,851	$	254,628	$	75,846	$	20,406	$	40,481	$	7,785	$	36,910	$	614,995

Troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"), which are accounted for under ASC 310-40, are loans which have renegotiated loan terms to assist borrowers who are unable to meet the original terms of their loans. Such modifications to loan terms may include a lower interest rate, a reduction in principal, or a longer term to maturity. Once a TDR has performed according to its modified terms for six months and the collection of principal and interest under the revised terms is deemed probable, we remove the TDR from nonperforming status. The Bank had $2.3 million in performing loans identified as TDRs at September 30, 2019, that were not classified as special mention or substandard.

The following table presents the internally assigned grades as of December 31, 2018, by type of loan (in thousands):



	One-to- four family		Home equity		Commercial and multifamily		Construction and land		Manufactured homes		Floating homes		Other consumer		Commercial business		Total
Grade:
Pass	$	163,655	$	27,150	$	246,907	$	55,916	$	19,860	$	40,806	$	6,576	$	35,876	$	596,746
Watch	—		—		1,139		5,968		—		—		—		689		7,796
Special Mention	—		—		2,497		3,252		—		—		—		367		6,116
Substandard	6,175		505		2,101		123		285		—		52		1,872		11,113
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	169,830	$	27,655	$	252,644	$	65,259	$	20,145	$	40,806	$	6,628	$	38,804	$	621,771

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans. Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Loans are automatically placed on nonaccrual once the loan is 90 days past due or sooner if, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment of obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory authorities.

The following table presents the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, by type of loan (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
One-to-four family	$	2,075	$	1,075
Home equity	487		360
Commercial and multifamily	353		534
Construction and land	80		123
Manufactured homes	271		214
Floating homes	—		—
Other consumer	—		—
Commercial business	170		235
Total	$	3,436	$	2,541

The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of September 30, 2019, by type of loan (in thousands):



	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days and Greater Past Due		Recorded Investment > 90 Days and Accruing		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans
One-to-four family	$	148	$	192	$	1,791	$	—	$	2,131	$	149,957	$	152,088
Home equity	225		95		391		—		711		26,140		26,851
Commercial and multifamily	1,765		825		353		—		2,943		251,685		254,628
Construction and land	2,005		18		50		—		2,073		73,773		75,846
Manufactured homes	54		44		190		—		288		20,118		20,406
Floating homes	—		291		—		—		291		40,190		40,481
Other consumer	17		4		—		—		21		7,764		7,785
Commercial business	275		229		65		—		569		36,341		36,910
Total	$	4,489	$	1,698	$	2,840	$	—	$	9,027	$	605,968	$	614,995

The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of December 31, 2018, by type of loan (in thousands):



	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days and Greater Past Due		Recorded Investment > 90 Days and Accruing		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans
One-to-four family	$	1,362	$	167	$	514	$	—	$	2,043	$	167,787	$	169,830
Home equity	298		149		284		—		731		26,924		$	27,655
Commercial and multifamily	139		—		353		—		492		252,152		$	252,644
Construction and land	650		—		50		—		700		64,559		$	65,259
Manufactured homes	78		129		199		—		406		19,739		$	20,145
Floating homes	—		—		—		—		—		40,806		$	40,806
Other consumer	11		5		—		—		16		6,612		$	6,628
Commercial business	228		177		122		—		$	527	38,277		$	38,804
Total	$	2,766	$	627	$	1,522	$	—	$	4,915	$	616,856	$	621,771

Nonperforming Loans. Loans are considered nonperforming when they are placed on nonaccrual.

The following table presents the credit risk profile of our loan portfolio based on payment activity as of September 30, 2019, by type of loan (in thousands):



	One-to-four family		Home equity		Commercial and multifamily		Construction and land		Manufactured homes		Floating homes		Other consumer		Commercial business		Total
Performing	$	150,013	$	26,364	$	254,275	$	75,766	$	20,135	$	40,481	$	7,785	$	36,740	$	611,559
Nonperforming	2,075		487		353		80		271		—		—		170		3,436
Total	$	152,088	$	26,851	$	254,628	$	75,846	$	20,406	$	40,481	$	7,785	$	36,910	$	614,995

The following table presents the credit risk profile of our loan portfolio based on payment activity as of December 31, 2018, by type of loan (in thousands):



	One-to-four family		Home equity		Commercial and multifamily		Construction and land		Manufactured homes		Floating homes		Other consumer		Commercial business		Total
Performing	$	168,710	$	27,296	$	252,110	$	65,136	$	19,931	$	40,806	$	6,628	$	38,487	$	619,104
Nonperforming	1,120		359		534		123		214		—		—		317		2,667
Total	$	169,830	$	27,655	$	252,644	$	65,259	$	20,145	$	40,806	$	6,628	$	38,804	$	621,771

Impaired Loans. A loan is considered impaired when we determine that we may be unable to collect payments of principal or interest when due under the terms of the loan. In the process of identifying loans as impaired, we take into consideration factors which include payment history and status, collateral value, financial condition of the borrower, and the probability of collecting scheduled payments in the future. Minor payment delays and insignificant payment shortfalls typically do not result in a loan being classified as impaired. The significance of payment delays and shortfalls is considered on a case by case basis, after taking into consideration the totality of circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including payment history. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for all loans in the portfolio. All TDRs are also classified as impaired loans and are included in the loans individually evaluated for impairment in the calculation of the allowance for loan losses.

Impaired loans at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, by type of loan were as follows (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019
			Recorded Investment
	Unpaid Principal Balance		Without Allowance		With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
One-to-four family	$	5,677	$	4,190	$	1,356	$	5,546	$	212
Home equity	3,372		3,292		80		3,372		24
Commercial and multifamily	353		353		—		353		—
Construction and land	119		81		38		119		7
Manufactured homes	481		47		429		476		365
Floating homes	—		—		—		—		—
Other consumer	144		—		144		144		54
Commercial business	694		397		297		694		84
Total	$	10,840	$	8,360	$	2,344	$	10,704	$	746



	December 31, 2018
			Recorded Investment
	Unpaid Principal Balance		Without Allowance		With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
One-to-four family	$	2,894	$	1,085	$	1,675	$	2,760	$	228
Home equity	520		359		81		440		25
Commercial and multifamily	702		702		—		702		—
Construction and land	163		123		40		163		8
Manufactured homes	430		—		424		424		299
Other consumer	156		—		157		157		64
Commercial business	1,192		659		533		1,192		112
Total	$	6,057	$	2,928	$	2,910	$	5,838	$	736

The average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, by loan types follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019				Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
One-to-four family	$	4,011	$	65	$	4,826	$	72
Home equity	1,998		14		807		10
Commercial and multifamily	501		—		3,204		46
Construction and land	121		1		1,305		86
Manufactured homes	462		14		386		11
Other consumer	150		2		163		2
Commercial business	694		—		2,338		69
Total	$	7,937	$	96	$	13,029	$	296



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
One-to-four family	$	3,831	$	125	$	5,594	$	180
Home equity	1,302		23		926		25
Commercial and multifamily	1,022		8		2,487		134
Construction and land	273		3		1,313		93
Manufactured homes	460		31		405		27
Other consumer	157		6		179		7
Commercial business	1,103		20		1,942		125
Total	$	8,148	$	216	$	12,846	$	591

Forgone interest on nonaccrual loans was $165,000 and $24,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. There were no commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were classified as nonaccrual or impaired at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Troubled debt restructurings. Loans classified as TDRs totaled $7.5 million and $2.8 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, and are included in impaired loans. The Company has granted, in its TDRs, a variety of concessions to borrowers in the form of loan modifications. The modifications granted can generally be described in the following categories:

Rate Modification: A modification in which the interest rate is changed.

Term Modification: A modification in which the maturity date, timing of payments or frequency of payments is changed.

Payment Modification: A modification in which the dollar amount of the payment is changed. Interest only modifications in which a loan is converted to interest only payments for a period of time are included in this category.

Combination Modification: Any other type of modification, including the use of multiple categories above.

There were four loans totaling $5.1 million modified as TDRs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. There were no TDR loans paid off during three months ended September 30, 2019, and three TDR loans totaling $145,000 paid off during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. There were four loans totaling $506,000 that were modified as TDRs and one TDRs loan of $16,000 paid off during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

There were no post-modification changes for the unpaid principal balance in loans, net of partial charge-offs, that were recorded as a result of the TDRs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. There was one loan totaling $97,000 modified as a TDR for which there was a payment default within the first 12 months of modification during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, there were no TDRs for which there was a payment default within the first 12 months of modification.

The Company had no commitments to extend additional credit to borrowers owing receivables whose terms have been modified into TDRs.

Note 5 – Fair Value Measurements

The Company determines the fair values of its financial instruments based on the requirements established in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, Fair Value Measurements, which provides a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with U.S. GAAP and requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 defines fair values for financial instruments as the exit price, the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date under current market conditions. The Company’s fair values for financial instruments at September 30, 2019 were determined based on these requirements.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of other financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents - The estimated fair value is equal to the carrying amount.

Treasury Bill - The estimated fair value is equal to the carrying amount.

Available-for-Sale Securities – Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value based on quoted market prices, if available. If quoted market prices are not available, management utilizes third-party pricing services or broker quotations from dealers in the specific instruments. Level 2 securities include those traded on an active exchange, as well as U.S. government securities.

Loans Held-for-Sale - Residential mortgage loans held-for-sale are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value. The fair value of fixed-rate residential loans is based on whole loan forward prices obtained from government sponsored enterprises. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, loans held-for-sale were carried at cost, as no impairment was required.

Loans Held-for-Portfolio - The estimated fair value of loans-held-for portfolio consists of a credit adjustment to reflect the estimated adjustment to the carrying value of the loans due to credit-related factors and a yield adjustment, to reflect the estimated adjustment to the carrying value of the loans due to a differential in yield between the portfolio loan yields and estimated current market rate yields on loans with similar characteristics. The estimated fair values of loans held for portfolio reflect exit price assumptions. The liquidity premium/discounts are part of the valuation for exit pricing.

Mortgage Servicing Rights –The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is determined through a discounted cash flow analysis, which uses interest rates, prepayment speeds, discount rates, and delinquency rate assumptions as inputs.

FHLB stock - The estimated fair value is equal to the par value of the stock.

Non-maturity deposits - The estimated fair value is equal to the carrying amount.

Time deposits - The estimated fair value of time deposits is based on the difference between interest costs paid on the Company’s time deposits and current market rates for time deposits with comparable characteristics.

Borrowings - The fair value of borrowings are estimated using the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.

A description of the valuation methodologies used for impaired loans and OREO is as follows:

Impaired Loans - The fair value of collateral dependent loans is based on the current appraised value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell, or internally developed models utilizing a calculation of expected discounted cash flows which contain management’s assumptions.

OREO and Repossessed Assets – The fair value of OREO and repossessed assets is based on the current appraised value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell.

Off-balance sheet financial instruments - The fair value for the Company’s off-balance sheet loan commitments are estimated based on fees charged to others to enter into similar agreements taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and credit standing of the Company’s clients. The estimated fair value of these commitments is not significant.

The following tables present information about the level in the fair value hierarchy for the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, whether or not recognized or recorded at fair value as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019				Fair Value Measurements Using:
	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
FINANCIAL ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	58,873	$	58,873	$	58,873	$	—	$	—
Available-for-sale securities	7,841		7,841		—		7,841		—
Loans held-for-sale	1,644		1,644		—		1,644		—
Loans held-for-portfolio	607,285		610,825		—		—		610,825
Mortgage servicing rights	3,226		3,226		—		—		3,226
FHLB stock	1,358		1,358		—		1,358		—
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:
Non-maturity deposits	367,137		367,137		—		367,137		—
Time deposits	242,484		245,878		—		245,878		—
Borrowings	12,450		12,450		—		12,450		—



	December 31, 2018				Fair Value Measurements Using:
	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
FINANCIAL ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	61,810	$	61,810	$	61,810	$	—	$	—
Available-for-sale securities	4,957		4,957		—		4,957		—
Loans held-for-sale	1,172		1,172		—		1,172		—
Loans held-for-portfolio	613,769		613,371		—		—		613,371
Mortgage servicing rights	3,414		3,414		—		—		3,414
FHLB stock	4,134		4,134		—		4,134		—
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:
Non-maturity deposits	361,776		361,776		—		361,776		—
Time deposits	191,825		191,679		—		191,679		—
Borrowings	84,000		84,000		—		84,000		—

The following tables present the balance of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



	Fair Value at September 30, 2019
Description	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Treasury bills	$	52	$	52	$	—	$	—
Municipal bonds	3,383		—		3,383		—
Agency mortgage-backed securities	4,406		—		4,406		—
Mortgage servicing rights	3,226		—		—		3,226



	Fair Value at December 31, 2018
Description	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Municipal bonds	$	3,317	$	—	$	3,317	$	—
Agency mortgage-backed securities	1,640		—		1,640		—
Mortgage servicing rights	3,414		—		—		3,414

The following tables provide a description of the valuation technique, unobservable input, and qualitative information about the unobservable inputs for the Company’s assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 and measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



September 30, 2019
Financial Instrument	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted-Average)
Mortgage Servicing Rights	Discounted cash flow	Prepayment speed assumption		140%-648% (196%)
		Discount rate		12.5%-13.5% (12.5%)



December 31, 2018
Financial Instrument	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted-Average)
Mortgage Servicing Rights	Discounted cash flow	Prepayment speed assumption		80-515% (123%)
		Discount rate		12.5%-13.5% (12.5%)

Generally, any significant increases in the constant prepayment rate and discount rate utilized in the fair value measurement of the mortgage servicing rights will result in a negative fair value adjustment (and decrease in the fair value measurement). Conversely, a decrease in the constant prepayment rate and discount rate will result in a positive fair value adjustment (and increase in the fair value measurement). An increase in the weighted average life assumptions will result in a decrease in the constant prepayment rate and conversely, a decrease in the weighted-average life will result in an increase of the constant prepayment rate.

There were no assets or liabilities (excluding mortgage servicing rights) measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) on a recurring basis during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018.

Mortgage servicing rights are measured at fair value using a significant unobservable input (Level 3) on a recurring basis - additional information is included in Note 6 – Mortgage Servicing Rights.

The following tables present the balance of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at the dates indicated (in thousands):



	Fair Value at September 30, 2019
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
OREO and repossessed assets	$	1,069	$	—	$	—	$	1,069
Impaired loans	10,704		—		—		10,704



	Fair Value at December 31, 2018
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
OREO and repossessed assets	$	575	$	—	$	—	$	575
Impaired loans	5,838		—		—		5,838

There were no liabilities carried at fair value, measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis, at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

The following tables provide a description of the valuation technique, observable input, and qualitative information about the unobservable inputs for the Company’s assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 and measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



September 30, 2019
Financial Instrument	Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted Average)
OREO	Market approach	Adjustment for differences between comparable sales	0-0% (0%)
Impaired loans	Market approach	Adjustment for differences between comparable sales	0-100% (7%)



December 31, 2018
Financial Instrument	Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted Average)
OREO	Market approach	Adjusted for difference between comparable sales	0-0% (0%)
Impaired loans	Market approach	Adjusted for difference between comparable sales	0-100% (13%)

Note 6 – Mortgage Servicing Rights

The Company’s mortgage servicing rights portfolio totaled $382.2 million at September 30, 2019 compared to $378.7 million at December 31, 2018. Of this total balance, the unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were $366.7 million and $376.5 million, respectively. The unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for other financial institutions at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, totaled $15.6 million and $2.2 million, respectively. Loans serviced for others are not included in the Company’s financial statements as they are not assets of the Company.

A summary of the change in the balance of mortgage servicing assets during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Beginning balance, at fair value	$	3,205		$	3,582		$	3,414		$	3,426
Servicing rights that result from transfers and sale of financial assets	111			125			388			382
Changes in fair value:
Due to changes in model inputs or assumptions and other⁽¹⁾	(90		)	(260		)	(576		)	(361		)
Ending balance, at fair value	$	3,226		$	3,447		$	3,226		$	3,447

(1) Represents changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows and curtailments.

The key economic assumptions used in determining the fair value of mortgage servicing rights at the dates indicated are as follows:



	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Prepayment speed (Public Securities Association “PSA” model)	196	%	123	%
Weighted-average life	6.0 years		7.7 years
Discount rate	12.5	%	12.5	%

The amount of contractually specified servicing, late and ancillary fees earned on the mortgage servicing rights are included in mortgage servicing income on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income which were $259,000 and $756,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, and $282,000 and $828,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Note 7 – Commitments and Contingencies

In the normal course of operations, the Company engages in a variety of financial transactions that are not recorded in our financial statements. These transactions involve varying degrees of off-balance sheet credit, interest rate and liquidity risks. These transactions are used primarily to manage clients’ requests for funding and take the form of loan commitments and lines of credit.

Note 8 – Borrowings and FHLB Stock

The Company utilizes a loan agreement with the FHLB of Des Moines. The terms of the agreement call for a blanket pledge of a portion of the Company’s mortgage and commercial and multifamily loan portfolio based on the outstanding balance. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the amount available to borrow under this credit facility was $308.7 million and $321.5 million, respectively. At September 30, 2019, the credit facility was collateralized as follows: one-to-four family mortgage loans with an advance equivalent of $106.6 million, commercial and multifamily mortgage loans with an advance equivalent of $111.1 million and home equity loans with an advance equivalent of $6.3 million. At December 31, 2018, the credit facility was collateralized as follows: one-to-four family mortgage loans with an advance equivalent of $128.4 million, commercial and multifamily mortgage loans with an advance equivalent of $119.8 million and home equity loans with an advance equivalent of $6.3 million. The Company had outstanding borrowings under this arrangement of $12.5 million and $84.0 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The weighted-average interest rate of our borrowings was 2.97% at September 30, 2019 and was 2.72% at December 31, 2018. Additionally, the Company had outstanding letters of credit from the FHLB of Des Moines with a notional amount of $19.0 million and $14.5 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, to secure public deposits. The remaining amount available to borrow as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, was $192.6 million and $156.0 million, respectively.

As a member of the FHLB, the Company is required to maintain a minimum level of investment in FHLB of Des Moines stock based on specific percentages of its outstanding FHLB advances. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had an investment of $1.4 million and $4.1 million, respectively, in FHLB of Des Moines stock.

The Company participates in the Federal Reserve Bank Borrower-in-Custody program, which gives the Company access to the discount window. The terms of the program call for a pledge of specific assets. The Company pledges commercial and consumer loans as collateral for this line of credit. The Company had unused borrowing capacity of $39.4 million and $47.3 million and no outstanding borrowings under this program at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

The Company has access to an unsecured Fed Funds line of credit from Pacific Coast Banker’s Bank. The line has a 1 year term maturing on June 30, 2020 and is renewable annually. As of September 30, 2019, the amount available under this line of credit was $10.0 million. There was no balance on this line of credit as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

The Company has access to an unsecured Fed Funds line of credit from The Independent Bank. As of September 30, 2019, the amount available under this line of credit was $10.0 million. The agreement may be terminated by either party. There was no balance on this line of credit as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Note 9 – Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period, reduced for average unallocated ESOP shares and average unvested restricted stock awards. Unvested share-based awards containing non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and are included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Diluted earnings per common share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock (such as stock awards and options) were exercised or converted to common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the Company’s earnings. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period increased for the dilutive effect of unexercised stock options and unvested restricted stock awards. The dilutive effect of the unexercised stock options and unvested restricted stock awards is calculated under the treasury stock method utilizing the average market value of the Company’s stock for the period.

The following table summarizes the calculation of earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Net income	$	1,548	$	1,830	$	4,809	$	5,397
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding, basic	2,526		2,503		2,521		2,493
Effect of potentially dilutive common shares	52		67		51		72
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding, diluted	2,578		2,570		2,572		2,565
Earnings per share, basic	$	0.61	$	0.73	$	1.90	$	2.17
Earnings per share, diluted	$	0.60	$	0.71	$	1.87	$	2.10

There were no anti-dilutive securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 or the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Note 10 – Stock-based Compensation

Stock Options and Restricted Stock

The Company currently has one active shareholder approved Equity Incentive Plan, the Amended and Restated 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2013 Plan"). The 2013 Plan permits the grant of restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock options, and stock appreciation rights. The equity incentive plan approved by shareholders in 2008 (the"2008 Plan") expired in November 2018 and no further awards may be made under the 2008 Plan; provided, however, all awards outstanding under the 2008 Plan remain outstanding in accordance with their terms. Under the 2013 Plan, 181,750 shares of common stock were approved for awards for stock options and stock appreciation rights and 116,700 shares of common stock were approved for awards for restricted stock and restricted stock units.

As of September 30, 2019, on an adjusted basis, awards for stock options totaling 274,301 shares and awards for restricted stock totaling 123,118 shares of Company common stock have been granted, net of any forfeitures, to participants in the Plans. Share-based compensation expense was $72,000 and $159,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and was $67,000 and $201,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Stock Option Awards

All stock option awards granted under the 2008 Plan vest in 20 percent annual increments commencing one year from the grant date in accordance with the requirements of the 2008 Plan. The stock option awards granted to date under the 2013 Plan vest on the anniversary date of each grant date in equal annual installments of either two or five years as long as the award recipient remains in service to the Company. All of the options granted under the 2008 Plan and the 2013 Plan are exercisable for a period of 10 years from the date of grant, subject to vesting. The following is a summary of the Company’s stock option award activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2019:



	Shares		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term in Years	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2019	133,176		$	19.66	5.89	$	1,716,306
Granted	12,425		33.50
Exercised	(11,772	)	20.33
Outstanding at September 30, 2019	133,829		20.87		5.60	2,040,165
Exercisable	116,981		19.39		5.17	1,956,172
Expected to vest, assuming a 0% forfeiture rate over the vesting term	16,848		$	31.13	8.57	$	83,992

As of September 30, 2019, there was $90,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the Plans. The cost is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of less than 3.0 years.

The fair value of each option grant is estimated as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of options granted for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were determined using the following weighted-average assumptions as of the grant date.



	September 30, 2019			September 30, 2018
Annual dividend yield	1.72		%	1.28		%
Expected volatility	21.68		%	22.99		%
Risk-free interest rate	2.64		%	2.20		%
Expected term	6.50 years			6.50 years
Weighted-average grant date fair value per option granted	$	7.24		$	6.62

Restricted Stock Awards

The fair value of the restricted stock awards is equal to the fair value of the Company’s stock at the date of grant. Compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period that the awards are based. The restricted stock awards granted under the 2008 Plan vest in 20% annual increments commencing one year from the grant date. The restricted stock awards granted to date under the 2013 Plan provide for immediate vesting and awards vest on the anniversary date of each of the grant date in equal annual installments of either three or five years commencing one year from the grant date.

The following is a summary of the Company’s non-vested restricted stock award activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2019:



	Shares		Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value Per Share
Non-vested at January 1, 2019	858		$	26.96
Granted	15,925		33.50
Vested	(3,549	)	33.50
Non-Vested at September 30, 2019	13,234		$	33.35	$	36.11
Expected to vest assuming a 0% forfeiture rate over the vesting term	13,234		$	33.35	$	36.11

As of September 30, 2019, there was $365,000 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock granted under the Plans. The cost is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average vesting period of 3.3 years. The total fair value of shares vested for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $365,000 and $239,000, respectively.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

In January 2008, the ESOP borrowed $1.2 million from the Company to purchase common stock of the Company which was paid in full in 2017. In August 2012, in conjunction with the Company’s conversion to a full stock company from the mutual holding company structure, the ESOP borrowed an additional $1.1 million from the Company to purchase common stock of the Company. The loan is being repaid principally by the Bank through contributions to the ESOP over a period of ten years. The interest rate on the loan is fixed at 2.25% per annum. As of September 30, 2019, the remaining balance of the ESOP loan was $362,000.

Neither the loan balance nor the related interest expense is reflected on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

For the calendar year 2019, the ESOP was committed to release 11,340 shares of the Company’s common stock to participants and held 22,680 unallocated shares remaining to be released in future years. The fair value of the 165,467 restricted shares held by the ESOP trust was $6.0 million at September 30, 2019. ESOP compensation expense included in salaries and benefits was $168,000 and $504,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and was $172,000 and $518,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Note 11 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers

All of the Company's revenue from contracts with customers in the scope of ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606") is recognized in Noninterest Income with the exception of the net loss on OREO and repossessed assets, which is included in Noninterest Expense. The following table presents the Company's sources of Noninterest Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands). Items outside of the scope of ASC 606 are noted as such.



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Noninterest income:
Service charges and fee income
Account maintenance fees	$	48		$	46		$	143		$	146
Transaction-based and overdraft service charges	118			114			338			338
Debit/ATM interchange fees	264			242			728			694
Credit card interchange fees	7			10			21			32
Loan fees (a)	59			76			163			178
Other fees (a)	16			16			44			38
Total service charges and fee income	512			504			1,437			1,426
Earnings on cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance (a)	81			149			267			308
Mortgage servicing income (a)	259			282			756			828
Fair value adjustment on mortgage servicing rights (a)	(90		)	(260		)	(576		)	(381		)
Net gain on sale of loans (a)	440			369			1,283			1,135
Other income (a)	—			490			—			490
Total noninterest income	$	1,202		$	1,534		$	3,167		$	3,806

(a) Not within scope of Topic 606

Account maintenance fees and transaction-based and overdraft service charges

The Company earns fees from its customers for account maintenance, transaction-based and overdraft services. Account maintenance fees consist primarily of account fees and analyzed account fees charged on deposit accounts on a monthly basis. The performance obligation is satisfied and fees are recognized on a monthly basis as the service period is completed. Transaction-based fees and overdraft service fees on deposit accounts are charged to deposit customers for specific services provided to the customer, such as non-sufficient funds, overdraft, and wire services. The performance obligation is completed as the transaction occurs and the fees are recognized at the time each specific service is provided to the customer.

Debit/ATM and credit card interchange income

Debit/ATM interchange income represent fees earned when a debit card issued by the Bank is used for a transaction. The Bank earns interchange fees from debit cardholder transactions through the MasterCard payment network. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, concurrently with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder. The performance obligation is satisfied and the fees are earned when the cost of the transaction is charged to the cardholders' account. Certain expenses directly associated with the debit card are recorded on a net basis with the interchange income.

The Company utilizes a third party agency relationship to brand credit cards with fees for originating new accounts paid by the issuing bank. Credit card interchange income represents fees earned when a credit card is issued by the third party agent. Similar to debit card interchange fees, the Bank earns an interchange fee for each transaction made with Sound Community Bank's branded credit cards. The performance obligation is satisfied and the fees are earned when the cost of the transaction is charged to the cardholders' credit card. Certain expenses and rebates directly related to the credit card interchange contract are recorded net of the interchange income.

Net loss on OREO and repossessed assets

We record a gain or loss from the sale of other real estate owned when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally occurs at the time of an executed deed of trust. When the Bank finances the sale of other real estate owned to the buyer, the Company assesses whether the buyer is committed to perform their obligations under the contract and whether collectability of the transaction price is probable. Once these criteria are met, the other real estate owned asset is derecognized and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon the transfer of control of the property to the buyer. In determining the gain or loss on sale, we adjust the transaction price and related gain or loss on sale if a significant financing component is present. The

Company incurred expenses on our OREO properties of $1,000 and $11,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively and $11,000 and $62,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, included in Noninterest Expense.

Note 12 – Leases

We have operating leases for branch locations, loan production offices, our corporate office and certain equipment. The lease term for our leases begins on the date we become legally obligated for the rent payments or we take possession of the building, whichever is earlier. Generally, our real estate leases have initial terms of three to 10 years and typically include one renewal option. Our leases have remaining lease terms of 1 year to 10 years. The operating leases generally contain renewal options and require us to pay property taxes and operating expenses for the properties.

The following table represents the consolidated statements of condition classification of the Company’s right of use assets and lease liabilities (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	7,896
Operating lease liabilities	$	8,252

The following table represents the components of lease expense (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Operating lease expense
Office leases	$	306		$	916
Equipment leases	5			15
Sublease income	(3		)	(9		)
Net lease expense	$	308		$	922

The following table represents the maturity of lease liabilities:



	September 30, 2019
	Office leases		Equipment leases
Operating Lease Commitments
Remainder of 2019	$	290	$	5
2020	1,097		8
2021	1,042		—
2022	1,017		—
2023	989		—
Thereafter	4,865		—
Total lease payments	9,300		13
Less: Present value discount	1,061		—
Present value of lease liabilities	$	8,239	$	13

Lease term and discount rate by lease type consist of the following:



	September 30, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years):
Office leases	8.92
Equipment leases	0.67
Weighted-average discount rate (annualized):
Office leases	2.64	%
Equipment leases	1.62	%

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities for operating leases:
Operating cash flows
Office leases	$	290	$	808
Equipment leases	$	5	$	15

Note 13 – Subsequent Event

On October 25, 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.14 per common share, payable on November 21, 2019 to stockholders of record at the close of business on November 7, 2019.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain matters discussed in this Form 10-Q constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to our financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance or business. Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact, are based on certain assumptions and are generally identified by use of the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “plans,” “targets,” “potentially,” “probably,” “projects,” “outlook” or similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would” and “could.” Forward-looking statements include statements with respect to our beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, assumptions and statements about, among other things, expectations of the business environment in which we operate, projections of future performance or financial items, perceived opportunities in the market, potential future credit experience, and statements regarding our mission and vision. These forward-looking statements are based upon current management expectations and may, therefore, involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results, performance, or achievements may differ materially from those suggested, expressed, or implied by forward-looking statements as a result of a wide variety or range of factors including, but not limited to:


•	fluctuations in the demand for loans, the number of unsold homes, land and other properties, and fluctuations in real estate values and both residential and commercial and multifamily real estate market conditions in our market area;


•	our ability to access cost-effective funding;


•	our ability to control operating costs and expenses;


•	secondary market conditions for loans and our ability to originate and sell loans in the secondary market;


•	results of examinations of Sound Financial Bancorp and Sound Community Bank by their regulators, including the possibility that the regulators may, among other things, require us to increase our allowance for loan losses or to write-

down assets, change Sound Community Bank's regulatory capital position or affect our ability to borrow funds or maintain or increase deposits, which could adversely affect our liquidity and earnings;


•	our ability to attract and retain deposits;


•	fluctuations in interest rates;


•	the risks of lending and investing activities, including changes in the level and direction of loan delinquencies and write-offs and changes in estimates of the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses;


•	inability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us;


•	competitive pressures among financial services companies;


•	our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, clients, systems, and management personnel we may acquire into our operations and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and expected cost savings and other benefits within the anticipated time frames or at all;


•	the use of estimates in determining fair value of certain of our assets, which estimates may prove to be incorrect and result in significant declines in valuation;


•	our ability to keep pace with technological changes, including our ability to identify and address cyber-security risks such as data security breaches, "denial of service" attacks, "hacking" and identity theft, and other attacks on our information technology systems or on the third-party vendors who perform several of our critical processing functions;


•	changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits;


•	changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the Financial Accounting Standards Board, including additional guidance and interpretation on accounting issues and details of the implementation of new accounting methods;


•	changes in economic conditions, either nationally or in our market area;


•	legislative or regulatory changes such as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) and its implementing regulations that adversely affect our business, as well as changes in regulatory policies and principles, or the interpretation of regulatory capital or other rules including changes related to Basel III;


•	monetary and fiscal policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ("Federal Reserve") and the U.S. Government and other governmental initiatives affecting the financial services industry;


•	our ability to retain or attract key employees or members of our senior management team;


•	costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments;


•	our ability to implement our business strategies;


•	staffing fluctuations in response to product demand or the implementation of corporate strategies that affect our workforce and potential associated charges;


•	our ability to pay dividends on our common stock;


•	the availability of resources to address changes in laws, rules, or regulations or to respond to regulatory actions;


•	the possibility of other-than-temporary impairments of securities held in our securities portfolio; and


•	adverse changes in the securities markets; and other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting our operations, pricing, products and services and the other risks described from time to time in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), including this Form 10-Q and our 2018 Form 10-K.

We wish to advise readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements and that the factors listed above could materially affect our financial performance and could cause our actual results for future periods to differ materially from any such forward-looking statements expressed with respect to future periods and could negatively affect our stock price performance.

We do not undertake and specifically decline any obligation to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events.

General

Sound Financial Bancorp, a Maryland corporation, is a bank holding company for its wholly owned subsidiary, Sound Community Bank. Substantially all of Sound Financial Bancorp’s business is conducted through Sound Community Bank, a Washington state-chartered commercial bank. As a Washington commercial bank, the Bank’s regulators are the WDFI and the FDIC. The Federal Reserve is the primary federal regulator for Sound Financial Bancorp. We also sell insurance products and services for consumer clients through Sound Community Insurance Agency, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Bank.

Sound Community Bank’s deposits are insured up to applicable limits by the FDIC. At September 30, 2019, Sound Financial Bancorp, on a consolidated basis, had assets of $715.3 million, net loans held-for-portfolio of $607.3 million, deposits of $609.6 million and stockholders’ equity of $76.0 million. The shares of Sound Financial Bancorp are traded on NASDAQ

Capital Market under the symbol “SFBC.” Our executive offices are located at 2400 3rd Avenue, Suite 150, Seattle, Washington, 98121.

Our principal business consists of attracting retail and commercial deposits from the general public and investing those funds, along with borrowed funds, in loans secured by first and second mortgages on one- to four- family residences (including home equity loans and lines of credit), commercial and multifamily real estate, construction and land, consumer and commercial business loans. Our commercial business loans include unsecured lines of credit and secured term loans and lines of credit secured by inventory, equipment and accounts receivable. We also offer a variety of secured and unsecured consumer loan products, including manufactured home loans, floating home loans, automobile loans, boat loans and recreational vehicle loans. As part of our business, we focus on residential mortgage loan originations, a portion of which we sell to Fannie Mae and other correspondents and the remainder of which we retain for our loan portfolio consistent with our asset/liability objectives. We sell loans which conform to the underwriting standards of Fannie Mae (“conforming”) in which we retain the servicing of the loan in order to maintain the direct customer relationship and to generate noninterest income. Residential loans which do not conform to the underwriting standards of Fannie Mae (“non-conforming”), are either held in our loan portfolio or sold with servicing retained. We originate and retain a significant amount of commercial real estate loans, including those secured by owner-occupied and nonowner-occupied commercial real estate, multifamily property, mobile home parks and construction and land development loans.

Critical Accounting Policies

Certain of our accounting policies require management to make difficult, complex or subjective judgments, which may relate to matters that are inherently uncertain. Estimates associated with these policies are susceptible to material changes as a result of changes in facts and circumstances. Facts and circumstances that could affect these judgments include, but are not limited to, changes in interest rates, changes in the performance of the economy and changes in the financial condition of borrowers. Management believes that its critical accounting policies include determining the allowance for loan losses, accounting for other-than-temporary impairment of securities, accounting for mortgage servicing rights, accounting for other real estate owned and accounting for deferred income taxes. Our methodologies for analyzing the allowance for loan losses, other-than-temporary impairment, mortgage servicing rights, other real estate owned and deferred tax asset accounts are described in our 2018 Form 10-K.

Comparison of Financial Condition at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018

General. Total assets decreased $1.4 million, or 0.2%, to $715.3 million at September 30, 2019 from $716.7 million at December 31, 2018. The decrease was due to a lower balance of loans held-for-portfolio primarily as a result of a $16.2 million one-to-four family loan sale during the first quarter of 2019, combined with a decrease in cash and cash equivalents. Also contributing to the decrease was a decline in the amount of FHLB stock held as a result of reduced borrowing needs due to deposit growth, partially offset by higher available-for-sale securities and the capitalization of the right of use assets in accordance with our implementation of new lease accounting guidance during the year.

Cash and Securities. Cash and cash equivalents decreased $2.9 million, or 4.8%, to $58.9 million at September 30, 2019 from $61.8 million at December 31, 2018. The decrease in total cash and cash equivalents, combined with our deposit growth was utilized to fund higher loan originations, purchases of investment securities and reduce FHLB borrowings during the third quarter of 2019. Available-for-sale securities, which consist of municipal bonds and agency mortgage-backed and US treasury securities increased $2.9 million, or 58.2%, to $7.8 million at September 30, 2019 from $5.0 million at December 31, 2018 as a result of investment securities purchased during the third quarter of 2019.

Loans. Our loans held-for-portfolio, net, decreased $6.5 million, or 1.1%, to $607.3 million at September 30, 2019 from $613.8 million at December 31, 2018.

The following table reflects the changes in the loan mix of our loan portfolio at September 30, 2019, as compared to December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands):



	September 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			Amount Change			Percent Change
One-to-four family	$	152,088		$	169,830		$	(17,742	)	(10.4	)%
Home equity	26,851			27,655			(804		)	(2.9	)
Commercial and multifamily	254,628			252,644			1,984			0.8
Construction and land	75,846			65,259			10,587			16.2
Manufactured homes	20,406			20,145			261			1.3
Floating homes	40,481			40,806			(325		)	(0.8	)
Other consumer	7,785			6,628			1,157			17.5
Commercial business	36,910			38,804			(1,894		)	(4.9	)
Deferred loan fees	(2,092		)	(2,228		)	136			(6.1	)
Total loans held-for-portfolio, gross	$	612,903		$	619,543		$	(6,640	)	(1.1	)%

The decrease in our loan portfolio at September 30, 2019, compared to December 31, 2018, was primarily a result of a $17.7 million, or 10.4% decrease in one-to-four family loans primarily due to a $16.2 million one-to-four family loan sale during the first quarter of 2019. In addition, commercial business loans decreased $1.9 million, or 4.9%, to $36.9 million from December 31, 2018. Partially offsetting these decreases were increases in construction and land loans of $10.6 million or 16.2%, to $75.8 million, in commercial and multifamily real estate loans of $2.0 million, or 0.8%, to $254.6 million and in other consumer loans of $1.2 million, or 17.5%, to $7.8 million from December 31, 2018. At September 30, 2019, our loan portfolio, net of deferred loan fees, remained well-diversified. Commercial and multifamily real estate loans accounted for approximately 41.4% of total loans and one-to-four family loans, including home equity loans accounted for approximately 29.1% of total loans and consumer loans, consisting of manufactured homes, floating homes, and other consumer loans accounted for approximately 11.2% of total loans at September 30, 2019. Construction and land loans accounted for approximately 12.3% of total loans and commercial business loans accounted for approximately 6.0% of total loans at September 30, 2019.

Mortgage Servicing Rights. The fair value of mortgage servicing rights was $3.2 million at September 30, 2019, a decrease of $188,000 or 5.5% from December 31, 2018. We record mortgage servicing rights on loans sold to Fannie Mae with servicing retained and upon acquisition of a servicing portfolio. We stratify our capitalized mortgage servicing rights based upon the type, term and interest rates of the underlying loans. Mortgage servicing rights are carried at fair value. If the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights fluctuates significantly, our financial results could be materially impacted.

Nonperforming Assets. At September 30, 2019, nonperforming assets totaled $4.5 million, or 0.63% of total assets, compared to $3.2 million, or 0.45% of total assets at December 31, 2018.

The table below sets forth the amounts and categories of nonperforming assets at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):



	Nonperforming Assets
	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		Amount Change			Percent Change
Nonaccrual loans	$	2,501	$	2,541	$	(40	)	(1.6	)%
Nonperforming TDRs	935		126		809			642.1
Total nonperforming loans	3,436		2,667		769			28.8
OREO and repossessed assets	1,069		575		494			85.9
Total nonperforming assets	$	4,505	$	3,242	$	1,263		39.0	%

Nonperforming loans increased $769,000, or 28.8%, to $3.4 million at September 30, 2019 from $2.7 million at December 31, 2018 due primarily to a $1.0 million increase in nonperforming one-to-four family loans. Nonperforming loans were 0.56% of total loans at September 30, 2019, compared to 0.43% of total loans at December 31, 2018.

OREO and repossessed assets were $1.1 million at September 30, 2019, compared to $575,000 at December 31, 2018. At September 30, 2019, OREO and repossessed assets consisted of two properties, a commercial building located in Clallam

County, Washington, which was acquired in 2015 as part of three branches purchased from another financial institution, and a single family residence, also located in Clallam County, which was classified as non-performing at December 31, 2018. The commercial OREO property is currently leased to a not-for-profit organization headquartered in our market area at a below market rate.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is maintained to cover losses that are probable and can be estimated on the date of evaluation in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. It is our best estimate of probable credit losses inherent in our loan portfolio. The following table reflects the adjustments in our allowance during the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	5,370		$	5,503		$	5,774		$	5,241
Charge-offs	(9		)	(11		)	(41		)	(43		)
Recoveries	7			6			35			50
Net (charge-offs)/recoveries	(2		)	(5		)	(6		)	7
Provision (recapture) for loan losses during the period	250			250			(150		)	500
Balance at end of period	$	5,618		$	5,748		$	5,618		$	5,748

Ratio of net (charge-offs)/recoveries during the period to average loans outstanding during the period	—		%	—		%	—		%	—		%



	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Allowance as a percentage of nonperforming loans (end of period)	163.50	%	216.50	%
Allowance as a percentage of total loans (end of period)	0.91	%	0.93	%

Our allowance for loan losses decreased $156,000, or 2.7%, to $5.6 million at September 30, 2019, from $5.8 million at December 31, 2018. The overall decrease in the allowance for loan losses was due to a recapture from the allowance for loan losses of $150,000 for the first nine months ended September 30, 2019, primarily a result of a lower balance in the loans held-for-portfolio.

Specific loan loss reserves increased to $747,000 at September 30, 2019, compared to $736,000 at December 31, 2018, while general loan loss reserves decreased to $3.9 million at September 30, 2019, compared to $4.0 million at December 31, 2018 and the unallocated reserve decreased to $937,000 at September 30, 2019, compared to $1.0 million at December 31, 2018. The increase in specific loan loss reserves was primarily due to a $4.8 million increase in impaired loans since December 31, 2018. The decrease in the unallocated reserve was due to the lower balance on loans held-for-portfolio. Net charge-offs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were $2,000 and $6,000, respectively, compared to net charge-offs of $5,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and net recoveries of $7,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. At September 30, 2019, the allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans and nonperforming loans was 0.91% and 163.50%, respectively, compared to 0.93% and 216.50%, respectively, at December 31, 2018.

Deposits. Total deposits increased $56.0 million, or 10.1%, to $609.6 million at September 30, 2019 from $553.6 million at December 31, 2018. The increase was primarily due to increases in certificates of deposit of $50.7 million, or 26.4%, to $242.5 million at September 30, 2019 from $191.8 million at December 31, 2018. We continued our efforts to increase noninterest-bearing demand deposits (including escrow accounts) which increased $7.1 million, or 7.4%, to $103.2 million from $96.1 million at December 31, 2018. Deposit growth allowed us to reduce our reliance on higher cost FHLB borrowings.

A summary of deposit accounts with the corresponding weighted-average cost of funds at the dates indicated is presented below (dollars in thousands):



	September 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Amount		Wtd. Avg. Rate		Amount		Wtd. Avg. Rate
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	99,184	—	%	$	93,823	—	%
Interest-bearing demand	159,102		0.54		164,919		0.47
Savings	56,560		0.34		54,102		0.29
Money market	48,323		0.49		46,689		0.24
Time deposits	242,484		2.20		191,825		1.58
Escrow ⁽¹⁾	3,968		—		2,243		—
Total deposits	$	609,621	1.14	%	$	553,601	0.71	%

⁽¹⁾ Escrow balances shown in noninterest-bearing deposits on the consolidated balance sheets.

Borrowings. FHLB advances decreased $71.6 million, or 85.2%, to $12.5 million at September 30, 2019 from $84.0 million at December 31, 2018, as a result of reduced borrowing needs due to the increase in deposits, proceeds received from the one-to-four family loan sale during the first quarter of 2019 and a reduction in the loans held-for-portfolio, net.

Stockholders’ Equity. Total stockholders’ equity increased $4.4 million, or 6.13%, to $76.0 million at September 30, 2019 from $71.6 million at December 31, 2018. This increase primarily reflects $4.8 million in net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, partially offset by the payment of cash dividends of $1.1 million to common stockholders during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Comparison of Results of Operation for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

General. Net income decreased $282,000, or 15.4%, to $1.5 million or $0.60 per diluted common share, for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to $1.8 million, or $0.71 per diluted common share, for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The primary reasons for the decrease in net income for the three months ended September 30, 2019, was an increase in interest expense of $517,000, combined with a decrease in noninterest income of $332,000, partially offset by an increase in interest income of $167,000 and a decrease of $350,000 in noninterest expense.

Net income decreased $588,000 to $4.8 million, or $1.87 per diluted common share, for the nine months ended September 30 2019, compared to $5.4 million, or $2.10 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2018. The primary reasons for the decrease in net income for the nine months ended September 30 2019 were increases in interest expense of $1.9 million and noninterest expense of $437,000, combined with a decrease in noninterest income of $639,000, partially offset by an increase in interest income of $1.6 million during the first nine months of 2019.

Interest Income. Interest income increased $167,000, or 2.0%, to $8.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, from $8.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Interest income on loans increased $164,000, or 2.1%, to $8.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, from $7.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase primarily was a result of higher average loan yields reflecting higher market rates. The average loans held-for-portfolio balance was $585.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to $604.9 million for three months ended September 30, 2018. The weighted average yield on loans held-for-portfolio was 5.45% for three months ended September 30, 2019, up 27 basis points from 5.18% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Interest income on the investment portfolio increased $3,000, or 0.8%, from the quarter ended September 30, 2018.

Interest income increased $1.6 million, or 6.8%, to $25.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, from $23.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase was primarily a result of increased interest income on loans due to both higher average balances and loan yields. The average balance of loans held-for-portfolio increased $14.6 million, or 2.5%, to $591.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to $577.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The weighted-average yield on loans held-for-portfolio increased 15 basis points to 5.47% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, from 5.32% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Interest income on the investment portfolio and cash and cash equivalents increased $331,000, or 37.3%, to $1.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the same period a year ago due to higher average balances as well as higher yields. The weighted-average yield on investments (including interest-bearing cash) was 2.57% for the nine months ended

September 30, 2019, compared to 2.12% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The average balance of investment portfolio, which included interest-bearing cash balances and available-for-sale securities increased $7.4 million, or 13.2%, compared to a year ago.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $517,000, or 36.6%, to $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, from $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Interest expense increased $1.9 million, or 52.8%, to $5.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, from $3.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase for both periods was primarily due to the higher average balance and average interest rate paid on deposits, as well as an increase in cost of FHLB borrowings, partially offset by lower average balances in FHLB borrowings.

Interest expense on deposits increased $856,000, or 87.9%, to $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018. Interest expense on deposits increased $2.3 million, or 84.5%, to $4.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the same period in 2018. The increase for both periods was primarily due to the higher average balance and average interest rate paid on deposits. Average deposits were $594.4 million and $579.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared to $544.4 million and $530.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Our weighted average rate paid on deposits was 1.22% and 1.13% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared to 0.71% and 0.67% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Interest expense on FHLB borrowings decreased $339,000, or 77.2%, to $100,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and decreased $319,000, or 32.1%, to $674,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the comparable periods a year ago. Interest expense on FHLB borrowings decreased as a result of lower average outstanding balances during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in 2018 as we used the increase in our lower costing deposits to prepay higher costing FHLB borrowings. The cost of borrowings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was 4.65% and 3.13%, respectively, compared to 2.18% and 2.02% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. Average FHLB borrowings were $8.5 million and $28.8 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared to $79.8 million and $65.8 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income decreased $350,000, or 5.1%, to $6.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, from $6.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The decrease for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily a result of lower average loan balances combined with higher interest expense. Net interest income decreased $321,000 or 1.6%, to $19.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the same period a year ago. The decrease was primarily a result of higher interest expense due to increases in average balances and cost of deposits, partially offset by the increase in loan yields compared to a year ago. Our average yield on loans was 5.45% and 5.47% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared to 5.18% and 5.32% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Our net interest margin was 3.95% and 4.04% for three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared to 4.07% and 4.23% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. The decreases compared to the three and nine months periods one year ago were primarily due to higher funding costs as interest rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities increased more rapidly than yields earned on interest-earning assets.

Provision/(Recapture) for Loan Losses. We establish provisions for loan losses, which are charged to earnings, based on our review of the level of the allowance for loan losses required to reflect management’s best estimate of the probable incurred credit losses in the loan portfolio. In evaluating the level of the allowance for loan losses, management considers historical loss experience, the types of loans and the amount of loans in the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect borrowers’ ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, peer group data, prevailing economic conditions, and current factors. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as one- to four- family, small commercial and multifamily, home equity and consumer loans, are evaluated in the aggregate using historical loss factors adjusted for current economic conditions and other relevant data. Loan’s for which management has concerns about the borrowers’ ability to repay, are evaluated individually, and specific loss allocations are provided for these loans when necessary.

We recorded a provision for loan losses of $250,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and recapture from the allowance for loan losses of $150,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared to a provision for loan losses of $250,000 and $500,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. The provision for the three months ended September 30, 2019 primarily reflects a $47.6 million increase in the amount of loans-held-for-portfolio at September 30, 2019 compared to the prior quarter end. The recapture in the nine months period in 2019 was primarily a result of the lower balance in loans held-for-portfolio. Net charge-offs were $2,000 and $6,000 for the three and nine months

ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared to net charge-offs of $5,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and net recoveries of $7,000 for the and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

While we believe the estimates and assumptions used in our determination of the adequacy of the allowance are reasonable, there can be no assurance that such estimates and assumptions will not be proven incorrect in the future, or that the actual amount of future provisions will not exceed the amount of past provisions or that any increased provisions that may be required will not adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the determination of the amount of our allowance for loan losses is subject to review by bank regulators as part of the routine examination process, which may result in the adjustment of reserves based upon their judgment of information available to them at the time of their examination.

Noninterest Income. Noninterest income decreased $332,000, or 21.6%, to $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, as reflected below (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Amount Change			Percent Change
	2019			2018			Amount Change			Percent Change
Service charges and fee income	$	512		$	504		$	8		1.6	%
Earnings on cash surrender value of BOLI	81			149			(68		)	(45.6	)
Mortgage servicing income	259			282			(23		)	(8.2	)
Fair value adjustment on mortgage servicing rights	(90		)	(260		)	170			(65.4	)
Net gain on sale of loans	440			369			71			19.2
Other income	—			490			(490		)	nm
Total noninterest income	$	1,202		$	1,534		$	(332	)	(21.6	)%

The decrease in noninterest income during the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 was primarily due to one-time proceeds of $490,000 recognized in other income in the 2018 period from the gain on the sale of Visa B Shares, partially offset by a $170,000 increase in the mark-to-market adjustment on fair value of mortgage servicing rights and a $71,000 increase in the net gain on sale of loans.

Noninterest income decreased $639,000, or 16.8%, to $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30 2019, as compared to $3.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, as reflected below (dollars in thousands):



	Nine Months Ended September 30,						Amount Change			Percent Change
	2019			2018			Amount Change			Percent Change
Service charges and fee income	$	1,437		$	1,426		$	11		0.8	%
Earnings on cash surrender value of BOLI	267			308			(41		)	(13.3	)
Mortgage servicing income	756			828			(72		)	(8.7	)
Fair value adjustment on mortgage servicing rights	(576		)	(381		)	(195		)	51.2
Net gain on sale of loans	1,283			1,135			148			13.0
Other income				490			(490		)	nm
Total noninterest income	$	3,167		$	3,806		$	(639	)	(16.8	)%

The decrease in noninterest income during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 was primarily due to one-time proceeds of $490,000 recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 in other income from the gain on the sale of Visa B Shares, and a $195,000 decrease in the mark-to-market adjustment on fair value of mortgage servicing rights. The decrease was partially offset by a $148,000 increase in the net gain on sale of loans.

Noninterest Expense. Noninterest expense decreased $350,000, or 6.0%, to $5.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to $5.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2018, as reflected below (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended September 30,					Amount Change			Percent Change
	2019			2018		Amount Change			Percent Change
Salaries and benefits	$	3,075		$	3,327	$	(252	)	(7.6	)%
Operations	1,397			1,355		42			3.1
Regulatory assessments	(49		)	136		(185		)	(136.0	)
Occupancy	509			588		(79		)	(13.4	)
Data processing	587			453		134			29.6
Net loss on OREO and repossessed assets	1			11		(10		)	(90.9	)
Total noninterest expense	$	5,520		$	5,870	$	(350	)	(6.0	)%

The decrease in noninterest expense during the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 was primarily due to a $252,000 decrease in salaries and benefits and a $185,000 decrease in regulatory assessments as a result of the small bank credit awarded by the "FDIC" recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2019, partially offset by a $134,000 increase in data processing expense. Salaries and benefits decreased due to lower commissions as a result of lower loan originations in 2019 compared to 2018. Data processing expense increased due to an increase in software expenses during the three months ended September 30, 2019.

Noninterest expense increased $437,000, or 2.6%, to $17.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to $16.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, as reflected below (dollars in thousands):



	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Amount Change			Percent Change
	2019		2018		Amount Change			Percent Change
Salaries and benefits	$	9,369	$	9,523	$	(154	)	(1.6	)%
Operations	4,481		3,793		688			18.1
Regulatory assessments	178		328		(150		)	(45.7	)
Occupancy	1,560		1,636		(76		)	(4.6	)
Data processing	1,547		1,367		180			13.2
Net loss on OREO and repossessed assets	11		62		(51		)	(82.3	)
Total noninterest expense	$	17,146	$	16,709	$	437		2.6	%

The increase in noninterest expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 was primarily due to an increase of $688,000 in operations expense, combined with a $180,000 increase in data processing expense, partially offset by decreases in salaries and benefits and regulatory assessments expenses. Operations expense increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to the same period a year ago, primarily due to increases in professional fees and marketing and advertising fees. Data processing expense increased due to an increase in software expenses.

The efficiency ratio for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 was 71.57%, compared to 69.91% for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 and was 74.46% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, compared to 69.66% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in the efficiency ratio was primarily due to higher interest expense on deposits.

Income Tax Expense. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, we incurred income tax expense of $395,000 and $1.2 million as compared to $445,000 and $1.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were 20.3% and 20.2%, respectively. The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were 19.6% and 20.4%, respectively.

Liquidity

The Management Discussion and Analysis in Item 7 of the Company’s 2018 Form 10-K contains an overview of Sound Financial Bancorp’s and the Bank’s liquidity management, sources of liquidity and cash flows. This discussion updates that disclosure for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

The Bank’s primary sources of funds are deposits, principal and interest payments on loans and borrowings. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans are a predictable source of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition. The Bank’s primary investing activity is loan originations. The Bank maintains liquidity levels it believes to be adequate to fund loan commitments, investment opportunities, deposit withdrawals and other financial commitments. At September 30, 2019, the Bank had $66.7 million in cash and investment securities available-for-sale and $1.6 million in loans held-for-sale generally available for its cash needs. Also, at September 30, 2019, the Bank had the ability to borrow an additional $192.6 million in FHLB advances based on existing collateral pledged, and could access $39.4 million through the Federal Reserve’s Discount Window. At September 30, 2019, we also had available a total of $20.0 million in credit facilities with other financial institutions, with no balance outstanding. The Bank uses these sources of funds primarily to meet ongoing commitments, pay maturing deposits and fund withdrawals and loan commitments. At September 30, 2019, outstanding loan commitments, including unused lines and letters of credit totaled $111.7 million, including $54.0 million of undisbursed construction and land loans. Certificates of deposit scheduled to mature in one year or less at September 30, 2019, totaled $67.3 million. Based on our competitive pricing, we believe that a majority of maturing deposits will remain with the Bank.

Cash and cash equivalents decreased $2.9 million to $58.9 million as of September 30, 2019, from $61.8 million as of December 31, 2018. Net cash provided by operating activities was $7.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Net cash provided by investing activities totaled $3.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and consisted primarily of a decrease in net loans. The $13.4 million of net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily the result of $71.6 million net decrease in FHLB advances, partially offset by an increase of $56.0 million in deposits.

As a separate legal entity from the Bank, the Company must provide for its own liquidity. At September 30, 2019, the Company, on an unconsolidated basis, had $3.1 million in cash, noninterest-bearing deposits and liquid investments generally available for its cash needs. The Company’s principal source of liquidity is dividends and ESOP loan repayments from the Bank.

Except as set forth above, management is not aware of any trends, events, or uncertainties that will have, or that are reasonably likely to have a material impact on liquidity, capital resources or operations.

Off-Balance Sheet Activities

In the normal course of operations, we engage in a variety of financial transactions that are not recorded in our financial statements. These transactions involve varying degrees of off-balance sheet credit, interest rate and liquidity risks. These transactions are used primarily to manage customers’ requests for funding and take the form of loan commitments and lines of credit.

A summary of our off-balance sheet loan commitments at September 30, 2019, is as follows (in thousands):



	September 30, 2019
Commitments to make loans	$	15,822
Unfunded construction commitments	54,020
Unused lines of credit	40,636
Irrevocable letters of credit	1,240
Total loan commitments	$	111,718

Capital

Sound Community Bank is subject to minimum capital requirements imposed by regulations of the FDIC. Capital adequacy requirements are quantitative measures established by regulation that require Sound Community Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of capital.

Based on its capital levels at September 30, 2019, Sound Community Bank exceeded all regulatory capital requirements as of that date. Consistent with our goals to operate a sound and profitable organization, our policy is for Sound Community Bank to maintain a “well-capitalized” status under the regulatory capital categories of the FDIC. Based on capital levels at September 30, 2019, Sound Community Bank was considered to be well-capitalized under applicable regulatory

requirements. Management monitors the capital levels to provide for current and future business opportunities and to maintain Sound Community Bank’s “well-capitalized” status.

The actual regulatory capital amounts and ratios calculated for Sound Community Bank at September 30, 2019, were as follows (dollars in thousands):



	Actual				Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes				To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Tier 1 Capital to average assets	$	71,887	10.36	%	$	27,748	4.0	%	$	34,685	5.0	%
Common Equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) risk-based capital ratio	71,887		10.76		30,053		4.5		43,410		6.5
Tier 1 Capital to risk-weighted assets	71,887		10.76		40,071		6.0		53,428		8.0
Total Capital to risk-weighted assets	$	77,826	11.65	%	53,428		8.0	%	66,784		10.0	%

The actual regulatory capital amounts and ratios calculated for Sound Community Bank at December 31, 2018, were as follows (dollars in thousands):



	Actual				Minimum Capital Requirements				Minimum Required to be Well-Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Tier 1 Capital to average total adjusted assets	$	69,685	9.73	%	$	28,659	4.0	%	$	35,824	5.0	%
Common Equity Tier 1 to risk-weighted assets	69,685		11.76		26,665		4.5		38,516		6.5
Tier 1 Capital to risk-weighted assets	69,685		11.76		35,553		6.0		47,404		8.0
Total Capital to risk-weighted assets	$	75,874	12.80	%	$	47,404	8.0	%	$	59,255	10.0	%

Pursuant to the capital regulations of the FDIC and the other federal banking agencies, the Bank must maintain a capital conservation buffer consisting of additional CET1 capital greater than 2.5% of risk-weighted assets above the required minimum levels of risk-based CET1 capital, tier 1 capital and total capital in order to avoid limitations on paying dividends, repurchasing shares, and paying discretionary bonuses. At September 30, 2019, the Bank’s CET1 capital exceeded the required capital conservation buffer.

For a bank holding company with less than $3.0 billion in assets, the capital guidelines apply on a bank only basis and the Federal Reserve expects the holding company’s subsidiary banks to be well capitalized under the prompt corrective action regulations. If Sound Financial Bancorp was subject to regulatory guidelines for bank holding companies with $3.0 billion or more in assets, at September 30, 2019, Sound Financial Bancorp would have exceeded all regulatory capital requirements. The estimated regulatory capital ratios calculated for Sound Financial Bancorp as of September 30, 2019 were 10.80% for Tier 1 leverage-based capital, 11.21% for both Common Equity Tier 1 risk-based capital, Tier 1 Capital to risk-based assets and 12.10% for total risk-based capital.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The Company provided information about market risk in Item 7A of its 2018 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes in our market risk since our 2018 Form 10-K.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures


(a)	Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

An evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a -15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”)), as of September 30, 2019, was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and several other members of the Company’s senior management. The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September, 2019, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Act is: (i) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management (including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) in a timely manner, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

We intend to continually review and evaluate the design and effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and to improve the Company’s controls and procedures over time and to correct any deficiencies that we may discover in the future. The goal is to ensure that senior management has timely access to all material financial and non-financial information concerning the Company’s business. While we believe the present design of the disclosure controls and procedures is effective to achieve this goal, future events affecting our business may cause the Company to modify its disclosure controls and procedures.

The Company does not expect that its disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all error and all fraud. A control procedure, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control procedure are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control procedures, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any control procedure is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control procedure, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.


(b)	Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Act) that occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 Legal Proceedings

In the normal course of business, the Company occasionally becomes involved in various legal proceedings. In the opinion of management, any liability from such proceedings would not have a material adverse effect on the business or financial condition of the Company.

Item 1A Risk Factors

Not required; the Company is a smaller reporting company.

Item 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and use of Proceeds

(a) Not applicable

(b)Not applicable


(c)	The following table sets forth information with respect to our repurchases of our outstanding common shares during the three months ended September 30, 2019:



	Total Number of Shares Purchased ⁽¹⁾	Average Price Paid per Share		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs	Approximated dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs ⁽²⁾
July 1, 2019	—	$	—	—	$	1,750,000
August 1, 2019	1,032	35.71		—	1,750,000
September 1, 2019	—	—		—	1,750,000
Total	1,032	$	35.71	—	$	1,750,000

⁽¹⁾ Reflects shares of previously owned Company common stock surrendered to the Company by the option holder as payment of the exercise price of their incentive stock options.

⁽²⁾The Company may repurchase shares of its common stock from time-to-time in open market transactions. The timing, volume and price of purchases are made at our discretion, and are contingent upon our overall financial condition, as well as general market conditions. In July 2019, Company’s Board of Directors extended the existing stock repurchase program until the earlier of the completion of the repurchase program or February 5, 2020. Under this repurchase program, the Company may repurchase its outstanding shares in the open market in an amount up to $1,750,000, based on prevailing market prices, or in privately negotiated transactions.

Item 3 Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Nothing to report.

Item 4 Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable

Item 5. Other Information

Nothing to report.

Item 6. Exhibits



Exhibits:
3.1	Articles of Incorporation of Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 27, 2012 (File No. 333-180385))
3.2	Bylaws of Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 3, 2015 (File No. 001-35633))
4.0	Form of Common Stock Certificate of Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 27, 2012 (File No. 333-180385))
10.1	Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated January 25, 2019, by and between Sound Community Bank and Laura Lee Stewart (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 30, 2019 (File No. 001-35633))
10.2	Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreement by and between Sound Community Bank and Laura Lee Stewart (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 27, 2015 (File No. 001-35633))
10.3	Amended and Restated Long Term Compensation Agreement by and between Sound Community Bank and Laura Lee Stewart (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 27, 2015 (File No. 001-35633))
10.4	Amended and Restated Confidentiality, Non-Competition, and Non-Solicitation Agreement dated January 25, 2019, by and between Sound Community Bank and Laura Lee Stewart (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 30, 2019 (File No. 001-35633))
10.5	2008 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2009 (File No. 000-52889))
10.6	Forms of Incentive Stock Option Agreement, Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement and Restricted Stock Agreements under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 29, 2009 (File No. 000-52889))
10.7	Summary of Annual Bonus Plan (incorporated herein by reference to the Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed with the SEC on September 20, 2007 (File No. 333-146196))
10.8	Amended and Restated 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Annex A to the Company’s definitive proxy statement filed on April 12, 2018 (File No. 001-35633))
10.9	Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement, Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement and Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013 (File No. 001-35633))
10.10	Amended and Restated Change of Control Agreement dated June 21, 2016, by and among Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc., Sound Community Bank and Matthew P. Deines (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 24, 2016 (File No. 001-35633))
10.11	Change of Control Agreement dated June 21, 2016, by and among Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc., Sound Community Bank and Elliott Pierce (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35633))
10.12	Adoption Agreement for the Sound Community Bank Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 24, 2017 (File No. (001-35633))
10.13	The Sound Community Bank Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 24, 2017 (File No. 001-35633))
10.14	Change of Control Agreement dated June 22, 2016, by and among Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc., Sound Community Bank and Christina Gehrke (incorporated herein by reference to the Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 (File No.001-35633))
10.15	Separation Agreement and Release of All Claims entered into between Matthew P. Deines and Sound Community Bank (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed with the SEC on April 12, 2018 (File No. 001-35633))
10.16	Change of Control Agreement dated October 25, 2018, by and among Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc., Sound Community Bank and Daphne Kelley (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 26, 2018 (File No. (001-35633))
10.17	Change of Control Agreement dated October 25, 2018, by and among Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc., Sound Community Bank and Heidi Sexton (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 26, 2018 (File No. (001-35633))
10.18	Credit Union of the Pacific Incentive Compensation Achievement Plan, dated January 1, 1994 (incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 14, 2019 (File No. (001-35633))
31.1	Rule 13(a)-14(a) Certification (Chief Executive Officer)
31.2	Rule 13(a)-14(a) Certification (Chief Financial Officer)
32	Section 1350 Certification
101	The following financial statements from the Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, formatted in Extensive Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) condensed consolidated balance sheets, (ii) condensed consolidated statements of income, (iii) condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income, (iv) condensed consolidated statements of equity (v) condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and (vi) the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc.

Date: November 8, 2019	By:	/s/ Laura Lee Stewart
		Laura Lee Stewart
		President/Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)



Sound Financial Bancorp, Inc.

Date: November 8, 2019	By:	/s/ Daphne D. Kelley
		Daphne D. Kelley
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)