Stem Holdings, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2020 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2020

For the transition period from                   to                     

STEM HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of small business issuer as specified in its charter)

2201 NW Corporate Blvd, Suite 205, Boca Raton, FL 33431

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

Issuer’s telephone number: (561) 237-2931

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [X] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. [  ]

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [X]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [X]

There were 64,642,993 shares outstanding of registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of May 14, 2020.

Transitional Small Business Disclosure Format (check one): Yes [  ] No [X]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

STEM HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands except for share and per share amounts)

* Derived from audited information

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

STEM HOLDINGS, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands except for share and per share amounts)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

STEM HOLDINGS, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT

OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except for share and per share amounts

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

STEM HOLDINGS, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

STEM HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Incorporation and Operations and Going Concern

Stem Holdings, Inc. (“Stem” or the “Company”) is a Nevada corporation incorporated on June 7, 2016. The Company is a multi-state, vertically integrated, cannabis company that purchases, improves, leases, operates and invests in properties for use in the production, distribution and sales of cannabis and cannabis-infused products licensed under the laws of the states of Oregon, Nevada, California and Oklahoma. As of March 31, 2020, Stem had ownership interests in 26 state issued cannabis licenses including six (6) licenses for cannabis cultivation, three (3) licenses for cannabis production, five (5) licenses for cannabis processing, one (1) license for cannabis wholesale distribution, one (1) license for hemp production and ten (10) cannabis dispensary licenses.

Stem’s partner consumer brands are award-winning and nationally known, and include: cultivators, TJ’s Gardens, Travis X James, and Yerba Buena; retail brands, Stem and TJ’s; infused product manufacturers, Cannavore and Supernatural Honey; and a CBD company, Dose-ology. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has acquired six commercial properties and leased a seventh property, located in Oregon and Nevada, and has entered into leases to related entities for these properties (see Note 15). As of March 31, 2020, the buildout of these properties to support cannabis related operations was either complete or near completion.

The Company has incorporated six wholly-owned subsidiaries –Stem Holdings Oregon, Inc., Stem Holdings IP, Inc., Opco, LLC, Stem Agri, LLC., Stem Group Oklahoma, Inc. and Stem Holdings Florida, Inc. Stem, through its subsidiaries, is currently in the process of finalizing the investment in and acquisition of entities that engage directly in the production and sale of cannabis, thereby transitioning from a real estate company, with a focus on cannabis industry tenants, to a vertically integrated, multi-state cannabis operating company.

The Company’s stock is publicly traded and is listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange under the symbol “STEM” and the OTCQX under the symbol “STMH”.

Going Concern

At March 31, 2020, the Company had approximate balances of cash and cash equivalents of $1.8 million, negative working capital of $8.9 million, total stockholders’ equity of $28 million and an accumulated deficit of $48 million.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes that the Company will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business.

While the recreational use of cannabis is legal under the laws of certain States, where the Company has and is working towards further finalizing the acquisition of entities or investment in entities that directly produce or sell cannabis, the use and possession of cannabis is illegal under United States Federal law for any purpose, by way of Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, otherwise known as the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 (the “ACT”). Cannabis is currently included under Schedule 1 of the Act, making it illegal to cultivate, sell or otherwise possess in the United States.

On January 4, 2018, the office of the Attorney General published a memo regarding cannabis enforcement that rescinds directives promulgated under former President Obama that eased federal enforcement. In a January 8, 2018 memo, Jefferson B. Sessions, then Attorney General of the United States, indicated enforcement decisions will be left up to the U.S. Attorney’s in their respective states clearly indicating that the burden is with “federal prosecutors deciding which cases to prosecute by weighing all relevant considerations, including federal law enforcement priorities set by the Attorney General, the seriousness of the crime, the deterrent effect of federal prosecution, and the cumulative impact of particular crimes on the community.” Subsequently, in April 2018, President Trump promised to support congressional efforts to protect states that have legalized the cultivation, sale and possession of cannabis, however, a bill has not yet been finalized in order to implement legislation that would, in effect, make clear the federal government cannot interfere with states that have voted to legalize cannabis. Further in December 2018, the US Congress passed legislation, which the President signed on December 20, 2018, removing hemp from being included with Cannabis in Schedule I of the Act.

In December 2019, an outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) originated in Wuhan, China, and has since spread to a number of other countries, including the United States. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. In addition, as of the time of the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, several states in the United States have declared states of emergency, and several countries around the world, including the United States, have taken steps to restrict travel. The existence of a worldwide pandemic, the fear associated with COVID-19, or any, pandemic, and the reactions of governments in response to COVID-19, or any, pandemic, to regulate the flow of labor and products and impede the travel of personnel, may impact our ability to conduct normal business operations, which could adversely affect our results of operations and liquidity. Disruptions to our supply chain and business operations disruptions to our retail operations and ou9r ability to collect rent from the properties which we own, personnel absences, or restrictions on the shipment of our or our suppliers’ or customers’ products, any of which could have adverse ripple effects throughout our business. If we need to close any of our facilities or a critical number of our employees become too ill to work, our production ability could be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Similarly, if our customers experience adverse consequences due to COVID-19, or any other, pandemic, demand for our products could also be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Global health concerns, such as COVID-19, could also result in social, economic, and labor instability in the markets in which we operate. Any of these uncertainties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

These conditions raise substantial doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Should the United States Federal Government choose to begin enforcement of the provisions under the Act, the Company through its wholly owned subsidiaries could be prosecuted under the Act and the Company may have to immediately cease operations and/or be liquidated upon their closing of the acquisition or investment in entities that engage directly in the production and or sale of cannabis.

Management believes that the Company has access to capital resources through potential public or private issuances of debt or equity securities. However, if the Company is unable to raise additional capital, it may be required to curtail operations and take additional measures to reduce costs, including reducing its workforce, eliminating outside consultants and reducing legal fees to conserve its cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet its obligations. These matters raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might become necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The unaudited condensed financial statements included herein are unaudited. Such financial statements, in the opinion of management, contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position and results of operations as of and for the periods indicated. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. These interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending September 30, 2020 or for any other period. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and because of this, for further information, readers should refer to the financial statements and footnotes included in its Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 filed on March 2, 2020. The Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the interim information presented not misleading.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. The most significant estimates included in these condensed consolidated financial statements are those associated with the assumptions used to value equity instruments, valuation of its long live assets for impairment testing and the deferral of rents. These estimates and assumptions are based on current facts, historical experience and various other factors believed to be reasonable given the circumstances that exist at the time the financial statements are prepared. Actual results may differ materially and adversely from these estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and actual results, the Company’s future results of operations will be affected.

Principals of Consolidation

The Company’s policy is to consolidate all entities that it controls by ownership of a majority of the outstanding voting stock. In addition, the Company consolidates entities that meet the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which it is the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the party who has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and who has an obligation to absorb losses of the entity or a right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. For consolidated entities that are less than wholly owned, the third party’s holding of equity interest is presented as noncontrolling interests in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity. The portion of net loss attributable to the noncontrolling interests is presented as net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Stem Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Stem Holdings Oregon, Inc., Stem Holdings IP, Inc., Opco, LLC, Stem Agri, LLC., Stem Group Oklahoma, Inc. and Stem Holdings Florida, Inc. All material intercompany accounts, transactions, and profits have been eliminated in consolidation.

Loss per Share

ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, requires dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) with a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS computation. Basic EPS excludes dilution. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of the entity.

Basic net loss per share of common stock excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share of common stock reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of the entity unless inclusion of such shares would be anti-dilutive. Since the Company has only incurred losses, basic and diluted net loss per share is the same. Securities that could potentially dilute loss per share in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share at March 31, 2020 is as follows:

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that an entity determines are within the scope of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), the entity performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of Topic 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determines those that are performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.

Revenue for the Company’s product sales has not been adjusted for the effects of a financing component as the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company’s transfers control of the product and when the Company receives payment will be one year or less. Product shipping and handling costs are included in cost of product sales.

Effective October 1, 2019, the Company adopted the requirements of ASU 2014-09 (ASC 606) and related amendments, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of ASC 606 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s revenue recognition policy as revenues related to wholesale and retail revenue are recorded upon transfer of merchandise to the customer, which was the effective policy under ASC 605 previously.

The following policies reflect specific criteria for the various revenue streams of the Company:

Revenue is recognized upon transfer of retail merchandise to the customer upon sale transaction.

The Company’s sales environment is somewhat unique, in that once the product is sold to the customer (retail) or delivered (wholesale) there are essentially no returns allowed under the various state laws.

Revenue related to wholesale products is recognized upon receipt of the customer.

Disaggregation of Revenue

In the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company’s revenue was primarily rental of land, buildings and improvements in nature, and governed primarily under ASC 840. In the three and six months ended March 31, 2020, all of the Company’s rental revenue is eliminated upon consolidation, and the revenue reported is primarily from the sale of cannabis and related products accounted for under ASC 606.

The following table illustrates our revenue by type related to the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

The following table illustrates our revenue by type related to the six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

Recent Accounting Guidance

In June 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) ASU 2018-07, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2018-07”). ASU 2018-07 expands the guidance in Topic 718 to include share-based payments for goods and services to non-employees and generally aligns it with the guidance for share-based payments to employees. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company’s adoption of this standard on October 1, 2019 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard provides companies with a single model for use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective, including industry-specific revenue guidance. The standard specifically excludes lease contracts. The ASU allows for the use of either the full or modified retrospective transition method and will be effective for the Company on October 1, 2019, at which time the Company expects to adopt the updated standard using the modified retrospective approach. The financial information included in the Company’s 2020 Form 10-K will be updated for the October 1, 2019 adoption date; this new guidance will be reflected for the first time in the Company’s 2020 Form 10-K but effective as of October 1, 2019 in that filing. However, the Company will continue to account for revenue recognition under ASC Topic 605 for interim periods in 2020 and will not be required to amend its Form 10-Q filings filed throughout 2020 to reflect the October 1, 2019 adoption date. The guidance allows for the use of one of two retrospective application methods: the full retrospective method or the modified retrospective method. The Company plans to adopt the standard in fiscal year 2020 using the modified retrospective method. The Company does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on the recognition of revenue.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases. The standard amends the existing lease accounting guidance and requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for all leases (except for short-term leases that have a duration of one year or less) on their balance sheets. Lessees will continue to recognize lease expense in a manner similar to current accounting. For lessors, accounting for leases under the new guidance is substantially the same as in prior periods but eliminates current real estate-specific provisions and changes the treatment of initial direct costs. Entities are required to use a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparable period presented, with an option to elect certain transition relief. Full retrospective application is prohibited. The standard will be effective for the Company on October 1, 2020; however, early adoption of the ASU is permitted. The Company is still finalizing its analysis but expects to recognize additional operating liabilities of approximately $1.3 million, with corresponding ROU assets of approximately the same amount as of October 1, 2020 based on the present value of the remaining lease payments.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 provides guidance for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments based on an estimate of current expected credit losses model. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Recently, the FASB issued the final ASU to delay adoption for smaller reporting companies to calendar year 2023. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this ASU on its financial statements.

3. Property, Plant & Equipment

Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):

Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $0.4 million and $0.8 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020.

Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019.

4. Inventory

Inventory consists of the following (in thousands):

The Company’s inventory is related to seven subsidiaries of which four are consolidated because of their VIE status, two are wholly owned by the Company and one subsidiary that is 50% owned by the Company. Raw materials and work-in-progress include the costs incurred for cultivation materials and live plants. Finished goods consists of cannabis products ready to be sold. There was no inventory reserve as of March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019.

5. Asset Acquisitions

November 1, 2019, the Company received 100.0% interest in Empire Holdings, LLC (“EH”). EH leases its facilities to Kind Care, LLC. The Company purchased the property for $500,000 less the lien amount of $105,732 paid in kind and issued 394,270 shares of its common stock in satisfaction of the purchase price.

In March 2020, the Company acquired Seven Leaf Ventures Corp. (“7LV”), a private Alberta corporation, and its subsidiaries, pursuant to the terms of a share purchase agreement dated March 6, 2020. 7LV owns Foothills Health and Wellness, a medical dispensary, in the greater Sacramento, California area. In connection with the acquisition, the Company issued 11,999,008 shares of common stock to former shareholders of 7LV (“7LV Shares”). The Company issued an aggregate 682,000 shares and replacement 10% unsecured convertible debentures in the aggregate principal amount of C4,571,170 ($3,410,000 USD) (the “Replacement Debentures”), convertible into shares at a conversion price of C$1.67 per share at any time prior to May 3, 2021, to former holders of unsecured convertible debentures of 7LV. As part of the Acquisition, the Company assumed the obligations of 7LV with respect to the common share purchase warrants of 7LV outstanding on the closing of the acquisition, subject to appropriate adjustments to reflect the exchange ratio. Accordingly, the Company has assumed 1,022,915 common share purchase warrants (the “Warrants”), exercisable into shares at an exercise price of C$2.08 per share at any time prior to May 3, 2021, 299,975 Warrants, exercisable into shares at an exercise price of C$4.17 per share at any time prior to December 31, 2020 and 999,923 Warrants, exercisable into shares at an exercise price of C$0.50 at any time prior to October 10, 2020. Following the completion of the acquisition, 7LV is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Certain shareholders of 7LV, who collectively held approximately 74.5% of the 7LV Shares outstanding at the closing of the acquisition, have agreed to a contractual lock-up pursuant to which such shareholders will not transfer 25% of the Company’s shares received as part of the acquisition until approximately 90 days following the acquisition by 7LV of the Sacramento California Dispensary.

With respect to the $3,410 of convertible debt acquired in the acquisition noted above, the Company agreed to issue to the Seven Leaf debenture holders a First Supplemental Indenture dated March 6, 2020. This instrument is entered into for the purpose of providing for the issue of additional debentures in an initial aggregate principal amount of $3,410 designated as 10 percent unsecured convertible debentures under the indenture and establishing the terms, provisions, and conditions of the 10 percent debentures.

The table below represents unaudited pro forma revenue and operating loss as if the acquisition of 7LV had occurred on September 30, 2019.

Seven Leaf Ventures Corp

Purchase Price Allocation

March 6, 2020

6. Notes Receivable

On January 4, 2020, the Company issued a $355,000 promissory note to Community Growth Partners Holdings, Inc., (“CGS”). CGS is a cannabis license holder in Massachusetts. Subject to the terms and conditions of the note, CGS promises to pay the Company all of the outstanding balance together with interest upon the first to occur of (i) the closing of the initial capital equity contribution made by the Company in GCS or (ii) the date that is six months after the opening of the Great Barrington Dispensary which is planned to open sometime this summer.

On January 6, 2020, the Company issued a convertible promissory note to Community Growth Partners Holdings, Inc., (“CGS”) which will act as a line of credit. Subject to the terms and conditions of the note, CGS promises to pay the Company all of the outstanding principal together with interest on the unpaid principal balance upon the date that is twelve months after the effective date and shall be payable as follows: (a)The Company agrees to make several loans to CGS from time to time upon request of CGS in amounts not to exceed the principal sum of $2,000,000, (b) Payment of principal and interest shall be immediately available funds, (c) This note may be prepaid in whole or in part at any time without premium or penalty. Any partial prepayment shall be applied against the principal amount outstanding, (d) The unpaid principal amount outstanding under this note shall bear interest commencing upon the first advance at the rate of 10% per annum through the maturity date, calculated on the basis of a 365-day, until the entire indebtedness is fully paid, (e) Upon the closing of a $2,000,000 financing by the Company, all of the principal and interest shall automatically convert into equity shares of CGS at the price obtained by the qualified financing. Balance outstanding as of March 31, 2020 is approximately $395,000.

On January 6, 2020, the Company issued a revolving credit promissory note to Community Growth Partners Holdings, Inc., (“CGS”) which will act as a second line of credit once the convertible prom note is fulfilled. Subject to the terms and conditions of the note, CGS promises to pay the Company, on the fourth anniversary of the effective date, the lesser of $2,500,000 or the aggregate unpaid principal balance amount of the loans made by the Company to CGS from time to time in accordance with the terms together with interest on the unpaid balance.

7. Non-Controlling Interests

Non-controlling interests in consolidated entities are as follows (in thousands):

8. Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets as of March 31, 2020 (in thousands):

(1) These represent provisional licenses that the Company acquired during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. Once these licenses are approved by their respective regulatory bodies, the Company will amortize these cannabis licenses over a 15-year estimated useful life. Amortization expense for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 was $137 and $258, respectively.

9. Related party

In the period ended March 31, 2020, the Company advanced funds of approximately $399 that was advanced to Consolidated Ventures of Oregon for operating expenses.

In the period ended March 31, 2020, the Company was advanced $490 by the parent company of 7LV.

10. Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Accounts payable and accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):

11. Notes Payable and Advances

The following table summarizes the Company’s short-term notes, mortgages, and advances as of March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

Equipment financing

Effective May 29, 2018, the Company entered into a 24-month premium finance agreement in consideration for a MT85 wide track loader in the principal amount of $27,844. The note bears no annual interest rate and requires the Company to make 24 monthly payments of $1,160 over the term of the note. As of March 31, 2020, the obligation outstanding is $2,320. No amount was recorded for the premium for the non- interest-bearing feature of the note as it was immaterial. The note is secured by the equipment financed.

Effective April 29, 2018, the Company entered into a 36-month premium finance agreement in consideration for a John Deere Gator Tractor in the principal amount of $15,710. The note bears no annual interest rate and requires the Company to make thirty-six monthly payments of $442 over the term of the note. As of December 31, 2019, the obligation outstanding is $5,752. No amount was recorded for the premium for the non-interest-bearing feature of the note as it was immaterial. The note is secured by the equipment financed.

November 2017, the Company entered into a promissory note in the amount of $21,749 from a vendor of the Company to finance the acquisition of a security electronics system in one of its properties. The promissory note bears an interest rate of 18% per annum and also contains a 10% servicing fee. The note matures 24 months after issuance and is secured by certain security electronics purchased with proceeds of the note. This vendor is currently in a restructuring and is likely to go out of business. As of September 30, 2019, the Company has been notified that the vendor holding the note is in bankruptcy and during the year ended September 30, 2019, the Company withheld payment under the note. The obligation remains outstanding at $14,950 as of March 31, 2020.

Upon acquisition of Yerba Buena on June 24, 2019, the Company assumed the liability of a 2017 tractor with a balance of approximately $18,000. The note bears no annual interest rate and requires the Company to make monthly payments of $482 over the term of the note. As of March 31, 2020, the obligation outstanding is $12,502. No amount was recorded for the premium for the non-interest-bearing feature of the note as it was immaterial. The note is secured by the equipment financed.

Insurance financing

Effective July 31, 2019, the Company entered into a 10-month premium finance agreement in partial consideration for an insurance policy in the principal amount of $63,101. The note bears an annual interest rate of 7.63% and requires the Company to make ten monthly payments of $4,582 over the term of the note. As of March 31, 2020, the obligation outstanding is $9,164.

Effective July 31, 2019, the Company entered into a 10-month premium finance agreement in partial consideration for an insurance policy in the principal amount of $78,900. The note bears an annual interest rate of 7.25% and requires the Company to make ten monthly payments of $5,756 over the term of the note. As of March 31, 2020, the obligation outstanding is $11,512.

Effective March 8, 2019, the Company entered into a 10-month premium finance agreement in partial consideration for an insurance policy in the principal amount of $5,975. The note bears an annual interest rate of 5.75% and requires the Company to make ten monthly payments of $513 over the term of the note. As of March 31, 2020, the obligation was paid in full.

Effective May 24, 2019, the Company entered into a 9-month premium finance agreement in partial consideration for an insurance policy in the principal amount of $11,440. The note bears an annual interest rate of 8.7% and requires the Company to make 9 monthly payments of $1,322 over the term of the note. As of March 31, 2020, the obligation was paid in full.

Effective December 5, 2019, the Company entered into a 12-month premium finance agreement in partial consideration for an insurance policy in the principal amount of $9,490. The note bears an annual interest rate of 8.7% and requires the Company to make 9 monthly payments of $685 over the term of the note. As of March 31, 2020, the obligation outstanding is $3,423.

Effective February 7, 2020, the Company entered into a 12-month premium finance agreement in partial consideration for an insurance policy in the principal amount of $310,150. The note bears an annual interest rate of 7.46%. The Company paid $60,255 as a down payment on February 7, 2020, the note requires the Company to make 9 monthly payments of $22,718 over the remaining term of the note. As of March 31, 2020, the obligation outstanding is $227,177.

Notes payable

In July 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire a 25% interest in East Coast Packers LLC (“ECP”) for the purchase price of $1.5 million, payable in the amount of $500,000 in cash at closing and a note for $1 million. All amounts are payable to ECP. At the time of closing, ECP was a dormant Florida LLC, but owned a citrus fruit dealer license active for the 2015-2016 growing season. This qualified ECP under newly enacted legislation in the state of Florida to apply for a license to produce and sell medical cannabis. Until such time as ECP is granted a medical cannabis license, the $500 paid into ECP may only be expended by ECP in acquiring a medical cannabis license.

In the quarter ended March 31, 2020, the Company and ECP agreed to unwind the transaction. The Company returned its membership interest, the $1 million promissory note was cancelled and the remaining equity method investment of approximately. $236 was written off to loss from equity method investees on the statement of operations and ECP returned $232 of cash to the Company.

Mortgages payable

On January 16, 2018 the Company consummated a “Contract for Sale” for a Farm Property in Mulino OR (the “Mulino Property”). The purchase price was $1,700,000 which was reduced by a rental credit of approximately $135,000 which is equivalent to nine months’ rent at $15,000 a month and an additional credit of $9,500 for additional work done on the property. In connection with the purchase of the property, the Company made a cash payment as down payment plus payment of closing costs in the amount of $370,637 and issued a promissory note in the amount of $1,200,000 with a maturity of January 2020. The Company will pay monthly installments of principal and interest (at a rate of 2% per annum) in the amount of $13,500, commencing in July 2018 through the maturity date (January 2020), at which time the entire unpaid principal balance and any remaining accrued interest shall be due and payable in full. No amount was recorded for the premium for the below market rate feature of the note as it was immaterial. The note is secured by a deed of trust on the property. The Company performed an analysis and determined that the rate obtained was below market, however, no premium was recorded as the Company determined it was immaterial. At March 31, 2020, the balance due is $958,500. Currently the Company has received a verbal extension through the next quarter to procure additional financing on this property to pay off the indebtedness.

On February 28, 2018, the Company executed a $550,000 mortgage payable on the Willamette property to acquire additional funds. The mortgage bears interest at 15% per annum. Monthly interest only payments began March 1, 2018 and continue each month thereafter until paid. The entire unpaid balance is due on March 1, 2020, the maturity date of the mortgage, and is secured by the underlying property. The Company paid costs of approximately $28,000 to close on the mortgage. The mortgage terms do not allow participation by the lender in either the appreciation in the fair value of the mortgaged real estate project or the results of operations of the mortgaged real estate project. The note has been cross guaranteed by the CEO and Director of the Company. The amount outstanding was $550,000 under this mortgage. In March 2020, the Company completed a refinance of this mortgage. In the refinance, the Company entered into a mortgage, secured by the property with an additional personal guaranty of the CEO of the Company, for $700,000 with an annual interest rate of 15%, paid points at closing totaling $42,000 and a maturity date of March 31, 2022. The Company has included the mortgage outstanding as of March 31, 2020 in long-term liabilities as a result of the success refinance.

On April 4, 2018, the Company executed a $314,000 mortgage payable on the Powell property to acquire additional funds. At closing $75,000 of the proceeds was put into escrow. The mortgage bears interest at 15% per annum. Monthly interest only payments began May 1, 2018 and continue each month thereafter until paid. The entire unpaid balance is due on April 1, 2020, the maturity date of the mortgage, and is secured by the underlying property. The Company plaid costs of approximately $19,000 to close on the mortgage. The mortgage terms do not allow participations by the lender in either the appreciation in the fair value of the mortgaged real estate project or the results of operations of the mortgaged real estate project. The note has been cross guaranteed by the CEO and Director of the Company. The amount outstanding was $314,000. In January 2020, the Company completed a refinance of this mortgage. In the refinance, the Company entered into a mortgage, secured by the property with an additional personal guaranty of the CEO plus an assignment of the right and title in all of CEO’s common shares of the Company as collateral under the mortgage, for $400,000 with an annual interest rate of 15%, paid points at closing totaling $24,000 and a maturity date of January 31, 2022. The Company has included the mortgage outstanding as of March 31, 2020 in long-term liabilities as a result of the success refinance.

In April 2018, the Company received a 37.5% interest in NVD RE Corp. (“NVD”) upon its issuance to NVD of a commitment to contribute $1.275 million to NVD which included the purchase price of $600,000 and an additional commitment to pay tenant improvement costs of $675,000. In the year ended September 30, 2019, NVD obtained $300,000 in proceeds from a mortgage on its property. The funds from this mortgage were advanced to the Company. The advance is undocumented, non-interest bearing and due on demand. At March 31, 2020, the balance due totals $300,000.

In March 2020, the Company executed a $1,585,000 mortgage payable on property located in Oregon to acquire additional funds. The mortgage bears interest at 11.55% per annum. Monthly interest only payments began April 1, 2020 and continue each month thereafter until paid. The entire unpaid balance is due on April 1, 2023, the maturity date of the mortgage, and is secured by the underlying property. The Company paid costs of approximately $120,000 to close on the mortgage. The mortgage terms do not allow participation by the lender in either the appreciation in the fair value of the mortgaged real estate project or the results of operations of the mortgaged real estate project. The note has been cross guaranteed by the CEO and Director of the Company. The Company has included the mortgage outstanding as of March 31, 2020 in long-term liabilities.

Acquisition Notes Payable

In April 2019, the Company entered into a promissory note with a principal balance of $0.4 million related to its acquisition of Yerba Buena, Oregon LLC. The note was issued on April 8, 2019 and is due on April 8, 2021. The note has a coupon interest rate of 8%. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has not made any principal and interest payments.

In September 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire 50% of the membership interest of YMY. In connection with this agreement, the Company recorded a note payable of approximately $0.3 million. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has not made any payments related to this note.

Other Promissory Notes

In January 2020, the Company issued two promissory notes with a principal balance of $500,000 to accredited investors (the “Note Holders”). The notes mature in July 2020 and has an annual rate of interest of 12%. In connection with the issuance of the promissory notes, the Company issued the Note Holders 100,000 common stock purchase warrants with a five-year term from the issuance date, $0.85 per.

In January 2020, the Company issued two promissory notes with a principal balance of $500,000 to accredited investors (the “Note Holders”). The notes mature in October 2020 and has an annual rate of interest of 12%. In connection with the issuance of the promissory notes, the Company issued the Note Holders 100,000 common stock purchase warrants with a five-year term from the issuance date, $0.85 per.

12. Convertible debt

8% Convertible notes

Six-month term

During the year ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued convertible promissory notes with a principal balance of $975,000 to accredited investors (the “Note Holders”). The notes matured in March 2019 and had an annual rate of interest of 8%. Unless the notes are prepaid, the notes will automatically convert at the maturity date into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $2.50 per share. In October 2018, the Company offered the convertible note holders the opportunity to receive a reduced conversion price from $2.50 per share to $1.80 per share as an inducement for the Note Holders to convert the notes. As of October 31, 2018, all of the convertible note holders agreed to convert at the reduced price offered by the Company. The Company issued 541,668 shares of common stock in conversion of the notes. The Company recognized an inducement cost associated with the conversion of the convertible promissory notes of approximately $0.368 million with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital.

In connection with the issuance of the convertible promissory notes, the Company issued the Note Holders common stock purchase warrants with a three year term from the issuance date, providing the Note Holders the right to purchase 97,500 shares of the Company’s common stock at $2.50 per share, with standard anti-dilution protection. After allocating issuance proceeds to the warrant liability, the effective conversion price of the convertible promissory notes was below the quoted market price of the Company’s common stock. As such, the Company recognized beneficial conversion feature equal to the intrinsic value of the conversion feature on the issuance date, resulting in an additional discount to the initial carrying value of the convertible promissory notes of approximately $0.5 million with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital. As of March 31, 2020 the remaining balance of the warrant liability for these debentures is $20,951.

Twelve-month term

In May and June 2018, the Company issued senior unsecured convertible notes with a principal balance of $1.5 million to accredited investors (the “Note Holders”). The notes matured in May 2019 and had an annual rate of interest at 8%. Accrued interest was payable quarterly in arrears on the fifth day of each calendar quarter. The notes ranked senior to all obligations not designated as a primary obligation by the Company. The Note Holders were entitled to convert all or any amount of the principal balance then outstanding into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $2.50 per share. On November 1, 2018, the Company reduced the conversion price from $2.50 per share to $1.80 per share as an inducement for the Note Holders to convert the notes. Since the notes are optionally convertible by the Note Holders, were issued at par value and did not contain any detachable instruments, the effective conversion price is equal to the stated conversion price of $1.80 per share. The Company recognized an inducement cost associated with the conversion of the convertible promissory notes of approximately $0.9 million with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital.

During October 2018, the Note Holders fully converted the notes into 833,333 shares of the Company’s common stock and the debt discount related to the notes was fully amortized.

Canaccord

On December 27, 2018, the Company entered into an Agency Agreement (the “Agency Agreement”) for a private offering of up to 10,000 convertible debenture special warrants of the Company (the “CD Special Warrants”) for aggregate gross proceeds of up to CDN$10,000,000 (the “Offering”). The net proceeds of the Offering were used for expansion initiatives and general corporate purposes. The Company’s functional currency is U.S. dollars.

In December 2018 and January 2019, the Company issued 3,121 CD Special Warrants in the first closing of the Offering, at a price of CDN $1,000 per CD Special Warrant, and received aggregate gross proceeds of CDN $3.1 million or $2.3 million USD. In connection with this offering, the Company issued the agents in such offering 52,430 convertible debenture special warrants (the “Broker CD Special Warrants”) as partial satisfaction of a selling commission.

On March 14, 2019, the Company issued 962 CD Special Warrants in the second and final closing of the Offering, at a price of CDN $1,000 per CD Special Warrant, and received aggregate gross proceeds of CDN $1.0 million or $0.7 million USD. In connection with this offering, the Company issued the agents in such offering 5,600 convertible debenture special warrants (the “Broker CD Special Warrants”) as partial satisfaction of a selling commission.

The total aggregate proceeds of the Offering totaled $4.1 million CDN or $3.1 million USD.

Each CD Special Warrant will be exchanged (with no further action on the part of the holder thereof and for no further consideration) for one convertible debenture unit of the Company (a “Convertible Debenture Unit”), on the earlier of: (i) the third business day after the date on which both (A) a receipt (the “Receipt”) for a (final) prospectus (the “Qualification Prospectus”) qualifying the distribution of the Convertible Debentures (as defined below) and Warrants (as defined below) issuable upon exercise of the CD Special Warrants has been issued by the applicable securities regulatory authorities in the Canadian jurisdictions in which purchasers of the CD Special Warrants are resident (the “Canadian Jurisdictions”), and (B) a registration statement (the “Registration Statement”) registering the resale of the common shares underlying the Convertible Debentures and Warrants has been declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Registration”); and (ii) the date that is six months following the closing of the Offering. The Company has also provided certain registration rights to purchasers of the CD Special Warrants. The CD Special Warrants were exchanged for Convertible Debenture Units after six months as U.S. and Canadian registrations were not effective at that time.

Each Convertible Debenture Unit is comprised of CDN $1,000 principal amount 8.0% senior unsecured convertible debenture (each, a “Convertible Debenture”) of the Company and 167 common share purchase warrants of the Company (each, a “Warrant”). Each Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share of the Company (each, a “Warrant Share”) at an exercise price of CDN $3.90 per Warrant Share for a period of 24 months following the closing of the Offering (see Note 17).

The Company has agreed to use its best efforts to obtain the Receipt and Registration within six months following the closing of the Offering. In the event that the Receipt and Registration have not been obtained on or before 5:00 p.m. (PST) on the date that is 120 days following the closing of the Offering, each unexercised CD Special Warrant will thereafter entitle the holder thereof to receive, upon the exercise thereof and at no additional cost, 1.05 Convertible Debenture Units per CD Special Warrant (instead of 1.0 Convertible Debenture Unit per CD Special Warrant). Until the Receipt and Registration have been obtained, securities issued in connection with the Offering (including any underlying securities issued upon conversion or exercise thereof) will be subject to a 6-month hold period from the date of issue. Since the CD Special Warrants were exchanged for Convertible Debenture Units after 6 months as U.S. and Canadian registrations were not effective at that time, the holders received 1.05 Convertible Debenture Units per CD Special Warrant.

The brokered portion of the Offering (CDN $2.5 million, $1.9 million USD) was completed by a syndicate of agents (collectively, the “Agents”). The Company paid the Agents a cash commission equal to 7.0% of the gross proceeds raised in the brokered portion of the Offering. As additional consideration, the Company issued the Agents such number of non-transferable broker convertible debenture special warrants (the “Broker CD Special Warrants”) as is equal to 7.0% of the number of CD Special Warrants sold under the brokered portion of the Offering. Each Broker CD Special Warrant shall be exchanged, on the same terms as the CD Special Warrants, into broker warrants of the Company (the “Broker Warrants”). Each Broker Warrant entitles the holder to acquire one Convertible Debenture Unit at an exercise price of CDN $1,000, until the date that is 24 months from the closing date of the Offering. The distribution of the Broker Warrants issuable upon the exchange of the Broker CD Special Warrants shall also be qualified under the Qualification Prospectus and the resale of the common shares underlying the Broker Warrants will be registered under the Registration Statement. The Company also paid the lead agent a commission noted above of CDN$157,290, corporate finance fee equal to CDN $50,000 in cash and as to $50,000 in common shares of the Company at a price per share of CDN $3.00 plus additional expenses of CDN$20,000. In addition, the Company paid the trustees legal fees of CDN$181,365. In total the Company approx. USD $0.32 million in fees and expenses associated with the offering.

The issuance of the securities was made in reliance on the exemption provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), for the offer and sale of securities not involving a public offering, Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act, Regulation S, in Canada to “accredited investors” within the meaning of National Instrument 45106 and other exempt purchasers in each province of Canada, except Quebec, and/or outside Canada and the United States on a basis which does not require the qualification or registration. The securities being offered have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold in the United States or to, or for the account or benefit of, U.S. persons absent registration or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements.

The Convertible Debenture features contain the following embedded derivatives:

The conversion option, the contingent put feature upon an Event of Default, and the contingent put feature upon a Change in Control should be bifurcated and recognized collectively as a compound embedded derivative at fair value at inception and at each quarterly reporting period.

A five percent penalty assessed for failure to timely file a registration statement to register the stock underlying the CD special warrants.

The Company valued the warrants granted using the Black-Scholes pricing model and determined that the value at grant date was approximately $424,000 USD (this includes the warrants issued as part of the penalty for failure to timely file the required registration statement under the indenture agreement). The significant assumptions used in the valuation are as follows:

The warrants are not indexed to the Company’s own stock under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. As such, the warrants do not meet the scope exception in ASC 815-10-15-74(a) to derivative accounting and therefore were accounted for as a liability in accordance with the guidance in ASC 815. The warrant liability was recorded at the date of grant at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in earnings each reporting period.

The table below shows the warrant liability and embedded derivative liability recorded in connection with the Canaccord convertible notes and the subsequent fair value measurement during the six months ended March 31, 2020 in USD, (in thousands):

The table below shows the net amount of convertible notes as of March 31, 2020 in USD (in thousands):

In April, 2020 the Company received approval of the holders Warrantholders of the warrants and the holders debentureholders of the Convertible Debentures to reprice the convertible securities issued in connection with the Company’s special warrant financing, which closed on December 27, 2018 and March 14, 2019. The share purchase warrants of the Company issued in connection with the financing will be repriced to C$1.50 per Common Share and the convertible debentures of the Company issued in connection with the financing will be repriced to C$1.15 per common share. Additionally, the Debentureholders have approved the following amendments to the terms of the convertible debentures: (i) an extension to the maturity date of the convertible debentures to three years from the date of issuance; and (ii) an amendment to permit the Company to force the conversion of the principal amount of the then outstanding convertible debentures and any accrued and unpaid interest thereof at the new conversion price on not less than 30 days’ prior written notice if the closing trading price of the shares of common stock of the Company’s common shares exceeds C$1.90 for a period of 10 consecutive trading days on the CSE. The Warrantholders have also approved the inclusion of an early acceleration feature in accordance with the policies of the Canadian Securities Exchange, permitting the Company to accelerate the expiry date of the warrants should the closing trading price of the Common Shares exceed C$1.87 for a period of 10 consecutive trading days on the CSE.

13. Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with ASC 820 (Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures), the Company uses various inputs to measure the outstanding warrants and certain embedded conversion feature associated with convertible debt on a recurring basis to determine the fair value of the liability. ASC 820 also establishes a hierarchy categorizing inputs into three levels used to measure and disclose fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices available in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. An explanation of each level in the hierarchy is described below:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments that are accessible by the Company on the measurement date

Level 2 – Quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs which are either directly or indirectly observable

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the instrument requiring the development of assumptions by the Company

The following table classifies the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis into the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2020 (in thousands):

There were no transfers between Level 1, 2 or 3 during the six months ended March 31, 2020.

The following table presents changes in Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value for the six months ended March 31, 2020. Both observable and unobservable inputs were used to determine the fair value of positions that the Company has classified within the Level 3 category. Unrealized gains and losses associated with liabilities within the Level 3 category include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable (e.g., changes in market interest rates) and unobservable (e.g., changes in unobservable long- dated volatilities) inputs (in thousands).

A summary of the weighted average (in aggregate) significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs) used in measuring the Company’s warrant liabilities and embedded conversion feature that are categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2020 is as follows:

The Company used a lattice based trinomial model developed by Tsiveriotis, K. and Fernades in which the three lattices incorporate (1) the Company’s underlying common stock price; (2) the value of the debt components of the convertible notes; and (3) the value of the equity component of the convertible notes. The main drivers of sensitivity for the model are volatility and the credit spread. The model used will vary by approximately 1.5% for a 4% change in volatility and will vary by less than 1% for each 1% change in credit spread.

14. Shareholders’ Equity

Preferred shares

The Company had two series of preferred shares designated with no preferred shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019.

Common shares

During the six months ended March 31, 2020, the Company issued 394,270 shares of its common stock in connection with a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement for real property located in Eugene, Oregon. The agreed upon purchase price was $500 less the lien of $106. The Company acquired the property from a related party and recorded the building at its carrying value of approximately $500. In connection with this transaction the Company issued 394,270 common shares at $1.00 per share.

Pursuant to the acquisition of 7LV, the Company issued 11,999,008 shares of common stock to former shareholders of 7LV. The Company also issued an aggregate 682,000 shares and replacement 10% unsecured convertible debentures in the aggregate principal amount of C$4,571 ($3,410 USD) (the “Replacement Debentures”), convertible into shares at a conversion price of C$1.67 per share at any time prior to May 3, 2021, to former holders of unsecured convertible debentures of 7LV.

The Company issued 202,350 common shares for the fair value of $121 related to interest on convertible notes in connection with the Seven Leaf Ventures Corporation acquisition.

Common stock issuances for compensation:

During the three months ended December 31, 2019, the Company issued 5,000 shares of its common stock related to a consulting agreement for a fair value of approximately $4 or $0.89 per share.

During the three months ended December 31, 2019, the Company issued 100,000 shares of its common stock related to an employment agreement for a fair value of approximately $498.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company issued 970,416 shares of its common stock related to various consulting agreements for a fair value of approximately $850 or $0.88 per share. During the same period, the Company cancelled 700,000 common shares related to consulting agreements.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company issued 303,756 shares of its common stock related to various employment agreements for a fair value of approximately $47.

15. Stock Based Compensation

Stock Options

The fair value of the Company’s common stock was based upon the publicly quoted price on the date that the final approval of the awards was obtained. The Company does not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future so therefore the expected dividend yield is 0%. The expected term for stock options granted with service conditions represents the average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding and is based on the expected term calculated using the approach prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Staff Accounting Bulletin for “plain vanilla” options for options granted in 2019. The expected term for stock options granted with performance and/or market conditions represents the period estimated by management by which the performance conditions will be met. The Company obtained the risk-free interest rate from publicly available data published by the Federal Reserve. The Company uses a methodology in estimating its volatility percentage from a computation that was based on a comparison of average volatility rates of similar companies to a computation based on the standard deviation of the Company’s own underlying stock price’s daily logarithmic returns. The fair value of options granted during the six months ended March 31, 2020 were estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions:

Options:

A summary of option activity under the Company’s stock option plan for six months ended March 31, 2020 is presented below:

Estimated future stock-based compensation expense relating to unvested stock options was approximately $0.3 million as of March 31, 2020. Weighted average remaining contractual life of the options is 2.0 years.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was comprised of the following (in thousands):

In the 4^th quarter of fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, the Company changed its policy for recognizing prepaid fully vested non-employee stock-based compensation. Historically, the Company would initially record a prepaid asset based upon the fair value of the award on the grant date and subsequently record this award over an implicit service period. The Company now expenses at grant all fully vested non-employee stock-based compensation on the grant date as there is no substantive future service period on the grant date. This change in accounting method was applied retrospectively, and this change resulted in an increase in stock based compensation of $273 for the six months ended March 31, 2019. This change increased the loss per share by $(0.01) from $(0.46) loss per share to $(0.47) per share for the six months ended March 31, 2019.

16. Commitments and Contingencies

As noted earlier in Note 1, the Company, engages in a business that constitutes an illegal act under the laws of the United States Federal Government. This raises several possible issues which may impact the Company’s overall operations, not the least of which are related to traditional banking and other key operational risks. Since cannabis remains illegal on the federal level, and most traditional banks are federally insured, those financial institutions will not service cannabis businesses. In states where medical or recreational marijuana is legal, dispensary owners, manufacturers, and anybody who “touches the plant,” continue to face a host of operational hurdles. While local, state-chartered banks and credit unions now accept cannabis commerce, there remains a reluctance by traditional banks to do business with them. Aside from a huge inconvenience and the need to find creative ways to manage financial flow, payroll logistics, and payment of taxes, this also poses tremendous risks to controls as a result of operating a lucrative business in cash. This lack of access to traditional banking may inhibit industry growth. In the period ended March 31, 2020, the Company’s accounts with a major money center bank were closed as the bank would not allow the Company to continue to use its banking network.

Despite the uncertainties surrounding the Federal government’s position on legalized marijuana, the Company does not believe these risks will have a substantive impact on its planned operations in the near term.

As of March 31, 2020, the Company has acquired interests in several entities. As part of those interests, the Company has commitments to fund the acquisition of licenses and permits to allow for the cultivation and sale of cannabis and related products in the United States and Eswatini. As of March 31, 2020, Company estimates that its investees will need up to approximately $2.5 million to complete the acquisition of licenses and permits, to fund the buildout or expansion of facilities to fully operate in their respective cannabis markets, which will encompass several years of development.

Effective January 2019, the Company entered into a one-year Board Member agreement, and as part of that agreement for services agreed to issue 250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and 250,000 options priced at $1.00.

Effective January 2019, the Company entered into a multi-year Advisory Board Engagement agreement, and as part of that agreement for services agreed to issue a warrant to purchase 350,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The price per share is exercisable at the price of the stock exchange as of the effective date of the agreement.

In January 2020, the Company entered into a two-year consulting agreement, and as part of that agreement for professional services, agreed to issue a total of 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and $180,000 cash compensation per annum. Pursuant to the agreement, all 500,000 shares of common stock will be restricted securities.

On February 27, 2020, a subsidiary of the Company (YMY Ventures, LLC) was served with a Summons and Second Amended Complaint in a matter pending in the District Court of Clark County Nevada (Case # A-19-787004-B) which is styled “D.H. Flamingo, Inc. v. Department of Taxation, et. al.” (the DOT Litigation”). In this matter, the Plaintiff is alleging that certain parties (including YMY Ventures, LLC) received Conditional Recreational Marijuana Establishment Licenses, while certain other parties (including Plaintiff) were denied licenses. In the matter, Plaintiff seeks declaratory relief, injunctive relief, relief from violation of procedural and substantive due process, violation of equal protection, unjust enrichment, judicial review of the entire matter, together with a Petition for Writ of Mandamus. The Plaintiff seeks damages in an unspecified amount. Thereafter, on April 20, 2020, YMY Ventures, LLC filed a Notice of Non-Participation and Request for Dismissal. The Company believes it will ultimately be dismissed from the action without any liability exposure. Notwithstanding, there is no guarantee at this time that this will occur, and the ultimate result of the matter could potentially be the loss of YMY Ventures, LLC’s Conditional Recreational Marijuana Establishment License. The Company believes that this result would be highly unlikely and that the matter will be fully resolved as to YMY Ventures, LLC in the near term.

In March 2020, the Company entered into a six-month consulting agreement, and as part of that agreement for professional services, agreed to issue a total of 350,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and $100,000 cash compensation. Pursuant to the agreement, all 350,000 shares of common stock will be restricted securities.

In March 2020, the Company entered into a six-month consulting agreement, and as part of that agreement for professional services, agreed to issue a total of 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and $10,000 cash compensation. Pursuant to the agreement, all 100,000 shares of common stock will be restricted securities.

17. Subsequent Events

In April, 2020 the Company received approval of the Warrant holders and the debenture holders of the Convertible Debentures to reprice the convertible securities issued in connection with the Company’s special warrant financing, which closed on December 27, 2018 and March 14, 2019. The share purchase warrants of the Company issued in connection with the financing will be repriced to C$1.50 per Common Share and the convertible debentures of the Company issued in connection with the financing will be repriced to C$1.15 per common share. Additionally, the Debentureholders have approved the following amendments to the terms of the convertible debentures: (i) an extension to the maturity date of the convertible debentures to three years from the date of issuance; and (ii) an amendment to permit the Company to force the conversion of the principal amount of the then outstanding convertible debentures and any accrued and unpaid interest thereof at the new conversion price on not less than 30 days’ prior written notice if the closing trading price of the shares of common stock of the Company’s common shares exceeds C$1.90 for a period of 10 consecutive trading days on the CSE. The Warrantholders have also approved the inclusion of an early acceleration feature in accordance with the policies of the Canadian Securities Exchange, permitting the Company to accelerate the expiry date of the warrants should the closing trading price of the Common Shares exceed C$1.87 for a period of 10 consecutive trading days on the CSE.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Forward Looking Statements

This Interim Report on Form 10-Q contains, in addition to historical information, certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (“PLSRA”), Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) regarding Stem Holdings, Inc. (the “Company” or “Stem”, also referred to as “us”, “we” or “our”). Forward-looking statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding, among other things, (a) our projected sales, profitability, and cash flows, (b) our growth strategies, (c) anticipated trends in our industries, (d) our future financing plans and (e) our anticipated needs for working capital. They are generally identifiable by use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plans,” “potential,” “projects,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expects,” “management believes,” “we believe,” “we intend” or the negative of these words or other variations on these words or comparable terminology. These statements may be found under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Description of Business,” as well as in this Form 10-Q generally. In particular, these include statements relating to future actions, prospective products or product approvals, future performance or results of current and anticipated products, sales efforts, expenses, the outcome of contingencies such as legal proceedings, and financial results.

Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this report may turn out to be inaccurate. They can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks or uncertainties. Consequently, no forward-looking statement can be guaranteed. Actual future results may vary materially as a result of various factors, including, without limitation, the risks outlined under “Risk Factors” detailed in the Company’s Form 10 registration statement, 10k annual report and matters described in this Form 10-Q generally. In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements contained in this filing will in fact occur. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and, except to the extent required by federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as the result of new information, future events, or otherwise. We intend that all forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbor provisions of the PSLRA.

For the three and six months ended March 31, 2020, the financial statements have been prepared by management in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). For the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared by management in accordance with the condensing rules of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

OVERVIEW

Stem Holdings, Inc. (“Stem” or the “Company”) is a Nevada corporation incorporated on June 7, 2016. The Company is a multi-state, vertically integrated, cannabis company that purchases, improves, leases, operates and invests in properties for use in the production, distribution and sales of cannabis and cannabis-infused products licensed under the laws of the states of Oregon, Nevada, California and Oklahoma. As of March 31, 2020, Stem had ownership interests in 26 state issued cannabis licenses including six (6) licenses for cannabis cultivation, three (3) licenses for cannabis production, five (5) licenses for cannabis processing, one (1) license for cannabis wholesale distribution, one (1) license for hemp production and ten (10) cannabis dispensary licenses.

The Company is also currently working towards acquiring additional entities and assisting certain joint ventures with obtaining licenses and permits for cannabis production, distribution and sale in additional US states and foreign countries. Should it be successful in these endeavors, the Company will transform into a multi-state and worldwide, vertically integrated, cannabis company that purchases, improves, leases, operates and invests in properties for use in the production, distribution and sales of cannabis and cannabis-infused products licensed under the laws of the states of Oregon, Nevada, California and Oklahoma.

Stem’s potential partner consumer brands are award-winning and nationally known, and include cultivators, TJ’s Gardens and Yerba Buena; retail brands, Stem and TJ’s; infused product manufacturers, Cannavore and Supernatural Honey; and a CBD company, Dose-ology.

The Company has incorporated 6 wholly owned subsidiaries –Stem Group Oklahoma, Inc., Stem Holdings Florida, Inc. Stem Holdings Oregon, Inc., Stem Holdings IP, Inc., Opco, LLC, and Stem Agri, LLC.

The Company’s stock is publicly traded and is listed on the Canadian Securities Exchange under the symbol “STEM” and the OTCQB exchange under the symbol “STMH”.

Recent Developments

Cannabis is currently a Schedule I controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) and is, therefore, illegal under federal law. Even in those states in which the use of cannabis has been legalized pursuant to state law, its use, possession or cultivation remains a violation of federal law. A Schedule I controlled substance is defined as one that has no currently accepted medical use in the United States, a lack of safety for use under medical supervision and a high potential for abuse. The U.S. Department of Justice (the “DOJ”) defines Schedule I controlled substances as “the most dangerous drugs of all the drug schedules with potentially severe psychological or physical dependence.” If the federal government decides to enforce the CSA, persons that are charged with distributing, possessing with intent to distribute or growing cannabis could be subject to fines and/or terms of imprisonment, the maximum being life imprisonment and a $50 million fine, even though these persons are in compliance with state law.

In light of such conflict between federal laws and state laws regarding cannabis, the previous administration under President Obama had effectively stated that it was not an efficient use of resources to direct federal law enforcement agencies to prosecute those lawfully abiding by state-designated laws allowing the use and distribution of medical cannabis. The new administration under President Trump could decide to strongly enforce the federal laws applicable to cannabis. See Justice Department Memo on Marijuana Enforcement discussed below. Any such change in the federal government’s enforcement of current federal laws could cause significant financial damage to us. While we do not currently harvest, distribute or sell cannabis, we may be irreparably harmed by a change in enforcement policies of the federal government.

The Company and our licensed products will also be subject to a number of other federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations. We anticipate that our licensees and vendors will be required to manufacture our products in accordance with the Good Manufacturing Practices guidelines and will be subject to regulations relating to employee safety, working conditions, protection of the environment, and other items. The current administration has indicated that it will closely scrutinize the cannabis industry, in particular, recreational marijuana. Changes in laws, rules and regulations or the recall of any product by a regulatory authority, could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

Justice Department Memo on Marijuana Enforcement

Because of the inconsistencies in federal and state law, on January 4, 2018, the Department of Justice (DOJ) issued a memo on federal marijuana enforcement policy announcing what it deemed to be a return to the rule of law and the rescission of previous guidance documents which would include the so called Cole Memorandum. Since the passage of the Controlled Substances Act in 1970, Congress has generally prohibited the cultivation, distribution, and possession of marijuana. In the memorandum, Attorney General Jeff Sessions directs all U.S. Attorneys to enforce the laws enacted by Congress and to follow well-established principles when pursuing prosecutions related to marijuana activities. The DOJ asserts this return to the rule of law is also a return of trust and local control to federal prosecutors who know where and how to deploy Justice Department resources most effectively to reduce violent crime, stem the tide of the drug crisis, and dismantle criminal gangs.

“It is the mission of the Department of Justice to enforce the laws of the United States, and the previous issuance of guidance undermines the rule of law and the ability of our local, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement partners to carry out this mission,” said Attorney General Jeff Sessions. “Therefore, today’s memo on federal marijuana enforcement simply directs all U.S. Attorneys to use previously established prosecutorial principles that provide them all the necessary tools to disrupt criminal organizations, tackle the growing drug crisis, and thwart violent crime across our country.”

We intend to conduct rigorous due diligence to verify the legality of all activities that we engage in and ensure that our activities do not interfere with any of the enforcement priorities of the Department of Justice.

Industrial Hemp

Industrial hemp is now legal in the U.S., which advocates hope could eventually loosen laws around the popular marijuana extract CBD. The 2018 farm bill which legalized hemp including a variety of cannabis that does not produce the psychoactive component of marijuana. CBD, a non-psychoactive compound that has started to turn up in beverages, health products and pet snacks, among other products. Notwithstanding, the Food and Drug Administration has issued a statement that despite the new status of hemp, CBD is still considered a drug ingredient and remains illegal to add to food or health products without the agency’s approval. The FDA has ruled that some hemp ingredients, such as hulled hemp seeds, hemp seed protein and hemp seed oil, are safe in food and won’t require additional approvals.

COVID-19

In December 2019, an outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) originated in Wuhan, China, and has since spread to a number of other countries, including the United States. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. In addition, as of the time of the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, several states in the United States have declared states of emergency, and several countries around the world, including the United States, have taken steps to restrict travel. The existence of a worldwide pandemic, the fear associated with COVID-19, or any, pandemic, and the reactions of governments in response to COVID-19, or any, pandemic, to regulate the flow of labor and products and impede the travel of personnel, may impact our ability to conduct normal business operations, which could adversely affect our results of operations and liquidity. Disruptions to our supply chain and business operations disruptions to our retail operations and ou9r ability to collect rent from the properties which we own, personnel absences, or restrictions on the shipment of our or our suppliers’ or customers’ products, any of which could have adverse ripple effects throughout our business. If we need to close any of our facilities or a critical number of our employees become too ill to work, our production ability could be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Similarly, if our customers experience adverse consequences due to COVID-19, or any other, pandemic, demand for our products could also be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Global health concerns, such as COVID-19, could also result in social, economic, and labor instability in the markets in which we operate. Any of these uncertainties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

The Farm Bill sets U.S. Government agricultural and food policy. The current version of the bill places industrial hemp, which is defined as a cannabis plant with under 0.3% of tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”) under the supervision of the Agriculture Department and removes CBD from the purview of the Controlled Substances Act, which regulates marijuana. The law also “explicitly” preserved the Food and Drug Administration’s authority to regulate products containing cannabis, or cannabis-derived compounds.

Summary of Results

The operations of the Company have changed dramatically over the past year and therefore the results presented herein in this management’s discussion and analysis are not directly comparable. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, our results are only for Stem Holdings, Inc. and they comprise only real estate rental and general and administrative operations. At this time, the results of operations and financial position for the variable interest entities and affiliates we consolidated at our 2019 fiscal year end and ongoing into the 2nd quarter of fiscal 2020, were immaterial and therefore not included in the three and six months ended March 31, 2019. In the three and six months ended March 31, 2020, none of our results encompass real estate rental operations. The entirety of our operations now results directly from our cultivation, production and sale operations for cannabis and related products. In addition, we have in this period expanded beyond the state of Oregon, and in the three and six months ended March 31, 2020, our results include operations in the state of Oregon, California, and Nevada.

Comparison of the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019

The Company had revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2020 of $2,298 compared with $354 for the comparable period of 2019, the increase is primarily due to the acquisitions of both Yerba Buena and Seven Leaf and the consolidation of four related entities.

Cost of goods for the three months ended March 31, 2020 amounted to approximately $1,573 compared to $0 in the comparable period of the prior year. These costs include both the cost of finished product purchased for retail and the cost of cultivation and processing for the grow facilities and sold at the wholesale level.

In the three months ended March 31, 2020, we incurred consulting costs of $1,398 compared to $1,137 in the comparable period of the prior year. We expended those fees as we have yet to build up a significant employee base and currently outsource certain tasks to consultants. We expect in the upcoming year to increase our consulting fees as we continue to grow, even though we do expect to increase staffing, as we do not expect that growth will be commensurate with our growth from operations in the near term.

In the three months ended March 31, 2020, we incurred professional fees of approximately $884 compared to $409 in the comparable period of the prior year. Those fees are primarily for legal, accounting and related services relating to our being a public company in both the United States and Canada. We expect as we grow our operations these costs will continue to grow.

In the three months ended March 31, 2020, we incurred general and administrative costs of approximately $2,068 compared to $1,202, which included an increase in payroll, depreciation and amortization, insurance, rent expense and other general costs. We expect that these costs will increase as we increase our operations.

Comparison of the results of operations for the six months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the six months ended March 31, 2019

The Company had revenues during the six months ended March 31, 2019 of $3,619 compared with $629 for the comparable period of 2019, the increase is primarily due to the acquisitions of both Yerba Buena and Seven Leaf and the consolidation of four related entities.

Cost of goods for the six months ended March 31, 2020 amounted to approximately $2,642 compared to $0 in the comparable period of the prior year. These costs include both the cost of finished product purchased for retail and the cost of cultivation and processing for the grow facilities and sold at the wholesale level.

In the six months ended March 31, 2020, we incurred consulting costs of $1,907 compared to $2,240 in the comparable period of the prior year. We mitigated our consulting expenses which were stock based the prior year.

In the six months ended March 31, 2020, we incurred professional fees of approximately $1,523 compared to $851 in the comparable period of the prior year. Those fees are primarily for legal, accounting and related services relating to our being a public company in both the United States and Canada. We expect as we grow our operations these costs will continue to grow.

In six months ended March 31, 2020, we incurred general and administrative costs of approximately $4,058 compared to $2,780, these costs include payroll, depreciation and amortization, insurance, rent expense and other general costs. We expect that these costs will increase as we increase our operations.

LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL CONDITION

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company had cash of $1,848 as of March 31, 2020. Our primary uses of cash have been for salaries, fees paid to third parties for professional services, insurance, general and administrative expenses, and the acquisitions and development of rental properties and their improvement. All funds received have been expended in the furtherance of growing the business. We have received funds from financing activities such as from equity offerings and debt financing as well as the proceeds from advances to be contributed to new ventures. The following trends are reasonably likely to result in changes in our liquidity over the near to long term:

Subsequent to March 31, 2020, we have not raised any additional funds in our private placements. Our efforts to raise additional capital are ongoing and we expect to continue our efforts in the following quarters.

With respect to the company’s investments in the projects pertaining to the equity method investee’s and affiliates, we have committed that we need to spend an estimated $5.5 million in expansion, buildout and improvements potentially in the near term. These capital expenditures are contingent upon several factors including the Company obtaining financing for the development of the properties and the construction of the tenant improvements in such amount and on such terms and provisions as are acceptable to the Company.

The Company has entered into a joint venture in which the Company has extended a $2.5 million line of credit for Community Growth Partners Holdings, Inc. (“CGP”). The Company is obligated to fund at the request of CGP. The Company does not currently have the funds available to fund the entire commitment. The line of credit requires no repayment until each of two separate retail stores are opened and six months of operations occur. If neither store opens, then no amounts are repayable, which may happen.

As of December 23, 2019 has entered into a stock purchase agreement with Attollo Capital Holdings A, LLC (the “Purchaser”) pursuant to which Stem will issue 11,764,706 shares of preferred stock of the Company (the “Preferred Stock”) at a purchase price of US$0.85 per share of Preferred Stock (the “Original Issue Price”) for gross proceeds to the Company of approximately US$10,000,000 (the “Investment”). As of the date of this filing, the Company has not yet closed on this transaction.

We have used our available funds to fund our operating expenses, pay our obligations, acquire and develop rental properties, and grow our company. We need to raise significant additional capital or debt financing to acquire new properties, to develop existing properties, and to assure we have sufficient working capital for our ongoing operations and debt obligations. There is no guarantee that such funding will be available to the Company at a viable cost, if at all.

Cash Flow

For the six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019