STEPAN CO - Annual Report: 2015 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(MARK ONE)

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015

OR

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM                      TO                     

Commission File Number 1-4462

STEPAN COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number including area code: 847-446-7500

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act    Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act    Yes  o    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  o.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)    Yes  o    No  x

Aggregate market value at June 30, 2015, of voting and non-voting common stock held by nonaffiliates of the registrant: $ 1,048,660,674*

Number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock as of January 30, 2016:

Documents Incorporated by Reference

* Based on reported ownership by all directors and executive officers at June 30, 2015.

STEPAN COMPANY

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

December 31, 2015

PART I

Item 1. Business

Stepan Company, which was incorporated under the laws of the state of Delaware on February 19, 1959, and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) produce specialty and intermediate chemicals, which are sold to other manufacturers and used in a variety of end products. The Company has three reportable segments: Surfactants, Polymers and Specialty Products.

Surfactants are chemical agents that affect the interaction between two surfaces; they can provide actions such as detergency (i.e., the ability of water to remove soil from another surface), wetting and foaming, dispersing, emulsification (aiding two dissimilar liquids to mix), demulsification, viscosity modifications and biocidal disinfectants. Surfactants are the basic cleaning agent in detergents for washing clothes, dishes, carpets, fine fabrics, floors and walls. Surfactants are also used for the same purpose in shampoos, body wash and conditioners, fabric softeners, toothpastes, cosmetics and other personal care products. Commercial and industrial applications include emulsifiers for agricultural products, emulsion polymers such as floor polishes and latex foams and coatings, wetting and foaming agents for wallboard manufacturing and surfactants for enhanced oil recovery.    In 2015, the Company purchased select chemical manufacturing assets from The Sun Products Corporation’s (SUN) Pasadena, Texas, manufacturing site.  The Company intends to redeploy the manufacturing assets as needed to reduce future capital expenditures.  Separate from the purchase of selected assets, the Company signed a long-term supply agreement with SUN.  Under this agreement, the Company will supply SUN’s anionic surfactant requirements for laundry in North America. In June 2015, the Company purchased Procter & Gamble do Brasil S.A.’s (P&G Brazil’s) sulfonation production facility in Bahia, Brazil.  The new business complements the Company’s existing Vespasiano, Brazil, plant and provides opportunities to serve growing northeastern Brazil. Given the current and forecasted price of crude oil, the Company and Nalco Company (Nalco) decided in October 2015 to dissolve their TIORCO, LLC enhanced oil recovery joint venture.  The Company expects to continue to participate in the enhanced oil recovery business, but through operations within its organization.

Polymers, which include polyurethane polyols, polyester resins and phthalic anhydride, are used in a variety of applications. Polyurethane polyols are used in the manufacture of rigid foam for thermal insulation in the construction industry. They are also a raw material base for coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers (CASE) applications. Polyester resins, which include liquid and powdered products, are used in CASE and polyurethane systems house applications. Phthalic anhydride is used in polyester resins, alkyd resins, and plasticizers for applications in construction materials and components of automotive, boating, and other consumer products and internally in the Company’s polyols.

Specialty Products are chemicals used in food, flavoring, nutritional supplement and pharmaceutical applications.

MARKETING AND COMPETITION

Principal customers for surfactants are manufacturers of detergents, shampoos, body wash, fabric softeners, toothpastes and cosmetics. In addition, surfactants are sold to the producers of agricultural herbicides and insecticides and lubricating products. Surfactants are also sold into the enhanced oil recovery end markets. Polymers are used in the construction and appliance industries, as well as in applications for the coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers industries. Phthalic anhydride, a Polymer product, is also used by automotive, boating and other consumer product companies. Specialty products are used primarily by food, nutritional supplement and pharmaceutical manufacturers.

The Company does not sell directly to the retail market, but sells to a wide range of manufacturers in many industries and has many competitors. The principal methods of competition are product performance, price, technical assistance and adaptability to the specific needs of individual customers. These factors allow the Company to compete on a basis other than price alone, reducing the severity of competition as experienced in the sales of commodity chemicals having identical performance characteristics. The Company is one of the leading merchant producers of surfactants in the world. In the case of surfactants, much of the Company’s competition comes from several large global and regional producers and the internal divisions of larger customers. In the manufacture of polymers, the Company competes with the chemical divisions of several large companies, as well as with other small specialty chemical manufacturers. In specialty products, the Company competes with several large firms plus numerous small companies.

MAJOR CUSTOMER AND BACKLOG

The Company did not have any one customer whose business represented more than 10 percent of the Company’s consolidated revenue in 2015, 2014 or 2013. The Company has contract arrangements with certain customers, but volumes are generally contingent on purchaser requirements. Much of the Company’s business is essentially on a “spot delivery basis” and does not involve a significant backlog.

1

ENERGY SOURCES

Substantially all of the Company’s manufacturing plants operate on electricity and interruptible natural gas. During peak heating demand periods, gas service to all plants may be temporarily interrupted for varying periods ranging from a few days to several months. The plants operate on fuel oil during these periods of interruption. The Company’s operations have not experienced any plant shutdowns or adverse effects upon its business in recent years that were caused by a lack of available energy sources, other than temporary service interruptions brought on by mechanical failure.

RAW MATERIALS

The most important raw materials used by the Company are petroleum or plant based. For 2016, the Company has contracts with suppliers that cover the majority of its forecasted requirements for major raw materials and is not substantially dependent upon any one supplier.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

The Company maintains an active research and development program to assist in the discovery and commercialization of new knowledge with the intent that such efforts will be useful in developing a new product or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process. Total expenses for research and development during 2015, 2014 and 2013 were $30.3 million, $27.2 million, and $28.8 million, respectively. The remainder of research, development and technical service expenses reflected in the consolidated statements of income relates to technical services, which include routine product testing, analytical methods development and sales support service.

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE

Compliance with applicable country, state and local regulations regarding the discharge of materials into the environment, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, resulted in capital expenditures by the Company of approximately $1.7 million during 2015. These expenditures represented approximately 1 percent of the Company’s total 2015 capital expenditures. Capitalized environmental expenditures are depreciated and charged on a straight-line basis to pretax earnings over their estimated useful lives, which are typically 10 years. Recurring costs associated with the operation and maintenance of facilities for waste treatment and disposal and managing environmental compliance in ongoing operations at our manufacturing locations were approximately $22.1 million in 2015. Compliance with such regulations is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s earnings and competitive position in the foreseeable future.

EMPLOYMENT

At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company employed 2,073 and 2,024 persons, respectively. The Company has collective bargaining agreements with employees at some of its manufacturing locations. While the Company has experienced occasional work stoppages as a result of the collective bargaining process and may experience some work stoppages in the future, management believes that it will be able to negotiate all labor agreements on satisfactory terms. Past work stoppages have not had a significant impact on the Company’s operating results. Overall, the Company believes it has good relationships with its employees. In 2013, the Company negotiated a new four-year contract at its largest manufacturing site.

FOREIGN OPERATIONS AND REPORTING SEGMENTS

See Note 17, Segment Reporting, of the Consolidated Financial Statements (Item 8 of this Form 10-K).

WEBSITE

The Company’s website address is www.stepan.com. The Company makes available free of charge on or through its website its code of conduct, annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission. The website also includes the Company’s corporate governance guidelines and the charters for the audit, nominating and corporate governance and compensation and development committees of the Board of Directors.

2

Executive Officers of the Registrant

The Company’s executive officers are elected annually by the Board of Directors at the first meeting following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to serve through the next annual meeting of the Board and until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified.

The executive officers of the Company, their ages and certain other information as of February 24, 2016, are as follows:

F. Quinn Stepan is an executive officer of the Company and Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors. He served the Company as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer from October 1984 through December 2005. He served as President from 1973 until February 1999.

F. Quinn Stepan, Jr., has served the Company as President and Chief Executive Officer since January 2006. He served the Company as President and Chief Operating Officer from 1999 through 2005. From January 1997 until February 1999 he served as Vice President and General Manager – Surfactants. From May 1996 until January 1997 he served as Vice President – Global Laundry and Cleaning Products. From May 1992 until May 1996 he served as Director – Business Management.

Frank Pacholec has served the Company as Vice President, Research and Development since April 2003. In May 2010 he was also appointed as the Company’s Corporate Sustainability Officer.

Gregory Servatius has served the Company as Vice President, Human Resources since February 2006. From April 2003 until January 2006, he served as Vice President, Surfactant Sales. From October 2001 until April 2003, he served as Vice President Functional Products. From 1998 to 2001, he served as the Managing Director of the Company’s European operations.

Scott C. Mason has served the Company as Vice President, Supply Chain since March 2010. From January 2006 until December 2009, he served as Senior Vice President Global Supply Chain and President, Alternative Channels of Nalco Company.

Scott D. Beamer has served the Company as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since August 2013. From January 2012 until July 2013, he served as Assistant Corporate Controller at PPG Industries, Inc. From June 2008 until December 2011 he served as Chief Financial Officer and Director of Finance – PPG Europe at PPG Industries, Inc.

Arthur W. Mergner has served the Company as Vice President and General Manager - Polymers since April 2014. From June 2013 until April 2014, he served as Vice President - North America Polymers. From July 2008 through June 2013 he served as Vice President, Procurement.

Scott R. Behrens has served the Company as Vice President and General Manager - Surfactants since September 2014.  From January 2010 to September 2014 he served as Vice President – Business Management.  From November 2008 to January 2010 he served as Vice President – Functional Products.

Debra A. Stefaniak has served the Company as Vice President, Business Transformation since February 2014.  From May 2009 to February 2014, she served as Vice President, Global Logistics.  From July 2006 to May 2009, she served as Director, Global Logistics.

Jennifer A. Hale has served the Company as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since January 2016.  From 2013 through 2015, she served as Vice President, Global General Counsel and Strategic Business Consultant at Vita-Mix Holdings Company.  From 2007 to 2013, she served as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary at Dyson, Inc.

3

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The following discussion identifies the most significant factors that may materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. These and other factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, may cause future results of operations to differ materially from past results or those results currently expected or desired. The following information should be read in conjunction with Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Form 10-K.

Disruptions in production at our manufacturing facilities, both planned and unplanned, may have a material impact on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Manufacturing facilities in the Company’s industry are subject to planned and unplanned production shutdowns, turnarounds and outages. Unplanned production disruptions may occur for external reasons including natural disasters, weather, disease, strikes, transportation interruption, government regulation, political unrest or terrorism, or internal reasons, such as fire, unplanned maintenance or other manufacturing problems. Alternative facilities with sufficient capacity may not be available, may cost substantially more or may take a significant amount of time to increase production or qualify with Company customers, each of which could negatively impact the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Long-term production disruptions may cause Company customers to seek alternative supply, which could further adversely affect Company profitability.

Some of the Company’s products cannot currently be made, or made in the volume required, at more than one of the Company’s locations. For some of these products, the Company has access to external market suppliers, but the Company cannot guarantee that these products will be available to it in amounts sufficient to meet its requirements or at a cost that is competitive with the Company’s cost of manufacturing these products.

While the Company maintains insurance coverage, some of these manufacturing issues may not be insurable, and when they are insurable, there can be no assurance that the insurance coverage would be sufficient to cover any or all losses resulting from the occurrence of any of these events or that insurance carriers would not deny coverage for these losses even if they are insured. There is also a risk, beyond the reasonable control of the Company, that an insurance carrier may not have the financial resources to cover an insurable loss. As a result, the occurrence of any of these events could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company faces significant global competition in each of its operating segments. If the Company cannot successfully compete in the marketplace, its profitability, business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows may be materially and adversely affected.

The Company faces significant competition from numerous global companies as well as national, regional and local companies in the markets it serves. In addition, some of the Company’s customers have internal manufacturing capabilities that allow them to achieve make-versus-buy economics, which may result at times in the Company gaining or losing business with these customers in volumes that could adversely affect its profitability.

To achieve expected profitability levels, the Company must, among other things, maintain the service levels, product quality and performance and competitive pricing necessary to retain existing customers and attract new customers. The Company’s inability to do so could place it at a competitive disadvantage relative to its competitors, and if the Company cannot successfully compete in the marketplace, its business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows may be materially and adversely affected.

The volatility of raw material, natural gas and electricity costs as well as any disruption in their supply may materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The costs of raw materials, natural gas and electricity represent a substantial portion of the Company’s operating costs. The principal raw materials used in the Company’s products are petroleum-based or plant-based. Natural gas is used in the Company’s manufacturing sites primarily to generate steam for its manufacturing processes. The prices of many of these raw materials have recently been very volatile. These fluctuations in prices may be affected by supply and demand factors, such as general economic conditions, manufacturers’ ability to meet demand, restrictions on the transport of raw material (some of which may be viewed as hazardous), currency exchange rates, political instability and terrorist attacks, all of which are beyond the Company’s control. The Company may not be able to pass increased raw material and energy costs on to customers through increases in product prices as a result of arrangements the Company has with certain customers and competitive pressures in the market. If the Company is unable to minimize the effects of increased raw material and energy costs or pass such increased costs on to customers, its business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows may be materially and adversely affected.

4

The Company relies heavily on third party transportation to deliver raw materials to Company manufacturing facilities and ship products to Company customers. Disruptions in transportation or significant changes in transportation costs could affect the Company’s operating results.

The Company relies heavily on railroads, barges and other over-the-road shipping methods to transport raw materials to its manufacturing facilities and to ship finished product to customers. Transport operations are exposed to various risks, such as extreme weather conditions, work stoppages and operating hazards, as well as interstate transportation regulations. If the Company is unable to ship finished product or unable to obtain raw materials due to transportation problems, or if there are significant changes in the cost of these services, the Company may not be able to arrange efficient alternatives and timely means to obtain raw materials or ship product, which could result in an adverse effect on Company revenues, costs and operating results.

Customer product reformulations or new technologies can reduce the demand for the Company’s products.

The Company’s products are used in a broad range of customer product applications. Customer product reformulations or development and use of new technologies may lead to reduced consumption of Company-produced products or make some Company products unnecessary. It is imperative that the Company develops new products to replace the sales of products that mature and decline in use. The Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected if the Company is unable to manage successfully the maturation of existing products and the introduction of new products.

If the Company is unable to keep and protect its intellectual property rights, the Company’s ability to compete may be negatively impacted.

The Company relies on intellectual property rights for the manufacture, distribution and sale of its products in all three of its reportable segments. Although most of the Company’s intellectual property rights are registered in the United States and in the foreign countries in which it operates, the Company may not be able to assert these rights successfully in the future or guarantee that they will not be invalidated, circumvented or challenged. Other parties may infringe on the Company’s intellectual property rights, which may dilute the value of such rights. Infringement of the Company’s intellectual property rights could also result in diversion of management’s time and the Company’s resources to protect these rights through litigation or otherwise. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries may not protect the Company’s intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Any loss of protection of these intellectual property rights could adversely affect the future financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company.

The Company is subject to risks related to its operations outside the U.S.

The Company has substantial operations outside the U.S. In the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company’s sales outside of the U.S. constituted approximately 40 percent of the Company’s net sales. In addition to the risks described in this Annual Report on Form 10‑K that are common to both the Company’s U.S. and non-U.S. operations, the Company faces, and will continue to face, risks related to the Company’s foreign operations such as:

5

The actual occurrence of any or all of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows in the future.

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could affect Company financial results.

The Company is also exposed to fluctuations in exchange rates. The Company’s results of operations are reported in U.S. dollars. However, outside the U.S., the Company’s sales and costs are denominated in a variety of currencies including the European euro, British pound, Canadian dollar, Mexican peso, Colombian peso, Philippine peso, Brazilian real, Polish zloty, Singapore dollar and Chinese RMB. Fluctuations in exchange rates may materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

In all jurisdictions in which the Company operates, the Company is also subject to laws and regulations that govern foreign investment, foreign trade and currency exchange transactions. These laws and regulations may limit the Company’s ability to repatriate cash as dividends or otherwise to the U.S. and may limit the Company’s ability to convert foreign currency cash flows into U.S. dollars. A weakening of the currencies in which the Company generates sales relative to the foreign currencies in which the Company’s costs are denominated may lower the Company’s operating profits and cash flows.

The Company is subject to a variety of environmental, health and safety and product registration laws that expose it to potential financial liability and increased operating costs.

The Company’s operations are regulated under a number of federal, state, local and foreign environmental, health and safety laws and regulations that govern, among other things, the discharge of hazardous materials into the air, soil and water as well as the use, handling, storage and disposal of these materials. These laws and regulations include, but are not limited to, the U.S. Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, as well as analogous state, local and foreign laws, and the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemical Substances Act (REACH). Compliance with these environmental laws and regulations is a major consideration for the Company because the Company uses hazardous materials in some of the Company’s manufacturing processes. In addition, compliance with environmental laws could restrict the Company’s ability to expand its facilities or require the Company to acquire additional costly pollution control equipment, incur other significant expenses or modify its manufacturing processes. The Company has incurred and will continue to incur capital expenditures and operating costs in complying with these laws and regulations. In addition, because the Company generates hazardous wastes during some of its manufacturing processes, the Company, along with any other entity that disposes or arranges for the disposal of the Company’s wastes, may be subject to financial exposure for costs associated with any investigation and remediation of sites at which the Company has disposed or arranged for the disposal of hazardous wastes if those sites become contaminated, even if the Company fully complied with applicable environmental laws at the time of disposal. In the event that new contamination is discovered, the Company may become subject to additional requirements with respect to existing contamination or the Company’s clean-up obligations.

The transportation of certain raw materials is highly regulated and is subject to increased regulation or restrictions, which may restrict or prohibit transport of these raw materials, resulting in these raw materials not being available to the Company and restricting or substantially limiting the Company’s manufacturing operations.

The Company is also subject to numerous federal, state, local and foreign laws that regulate the manufacture, storage, distribution and labeling of many of the Company’s products, including some of the Company’s disinfecting, sanitizing and antimicrobial products. Some of these laws require the Company to have operating permits for the Company’s production facilities, warehouse facilities and operations. Various federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations also require the Company to register the Company’s products and to comply with specified requirements with respect to those products. If the Company fails to comply with any of these laws and regulations, it may be liable for damages and the costs of remedial actions in excess of the Company’s recorded liabilities, and may also be subject to fines, injunctions or criminal sanctions or to revocation, non-renewal or modification of the Company’s operating permits and revocation of the Company’s product registrations. Any such revocation, modification or non-renewal may require the Company to cease or limit the manufacture and sale of its products at one or more of the Company’s facilities, which may limit or prevent the Company’s ability to meet product demand or build new facilities and may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Any such revocation, non-renewal or modification may also result in an event of default under the indenture for the Company’s notes or under the Company’s credit facilities, which, if not cured or waived, may result in the acceleration of all the Company’s indebtedness.

In addition to the costs of complying with environmental, health and safety requirements, the Company has incurred and may incur in the future costs defending against environmental litigation and/or investigations brought by government agencies and private parties. The Company may be a defendant in lawsuits brought by parties in the future alleging environmental damage, personal injury

6

or property damage. A significant judgment or settlement, to the extent not covered by existing insurance policies, against the Company could harm its business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Although the Company has insurance that may cover some of these potential losses, there is always uncertainty as to whether such insurance may be available to the Company based on case-specific factors and the specific provisions of the Company’s insurance policies.

The potential cost to the Company relating to environmental, health and safety and product registration matters, including the cost of complying with the foregoing legislation and remediating contamination, is uncertain due to factors such as the unknown magnitude and type of possible contamination and clean-up costs, the complexity and evolving nature of laws and regulations relating to the environment, health and safety and product registration, including those outside of the U.S., and the timing, variable costs and effectiveness of clean-up and compliance methods. Environmental and product registration laws may also become more stringent over time, imposing greater compliance costs and increasing risks and penalties associated with any violation, as well as restricting or prohibiting the sale of existing or new products, which may also negatively impact the Company’s operating results. Without limiting the foregoing, these laws or regulations may restrict or prohibit the use of non-renewable or carbon-based substances, or impose fees or penalties for the use of these substances. Accordingly, the Company may become subject to additional liabilities and increased operating costs in the future under these laws and regulations. The impact of any such changes, which are unknown at this time, may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company’s inability to estimate and maintain appropriate levels of recorded liabilities for existing and future contingencies may materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The liabilities recorded by the Company for pending and threatened legal proceedings are estimates based on various assumptions. An adverse ruling or external forces, such as changes in the rate of inflation, the regulatory environment and other factors that could prove such assumptions to be no longer appropriate, may affect the accuracy of these estimates. Given the uncertainties inherent in such estimates, the Company’s actual liabilities could differ significantly from the estimated amounts the Company records in its financial statements with respect to existing and future contingencies. If the Company’s actual liability is higher than estimated or any new legal proceeding is initiated, it could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company has a significant amount of indebtedness and may incur additional indebtedness, or need to refinance existing indebtedness, in the future, which may adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company has a significant amount of indebtedness and may incur additional indebtedness in the future. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had $332.6 million of debt on its balance sheet. U.S. debt included $322.1 million in unsecured promissory notes with maturities extending from 2016 until 2027.

The Company’s foreign subsidiaries also maintain bank term loans and short-term bank lines of credit in their respective countries to meet working capital requirements as well as to fund capital expenditure programs and acquisitions. As of December 31, 2015, the Company’s foreign subsidiaries’ aggregate outstanding debt totaled $10.5 million.

The Company’s current indebtedness and any additional indebtedness incurred in the future may materially and adversely affect its business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. For example, it could:

The Company’s loan agreements contain provisions, which, among others, require maintenance of certain financial ratios and place limitations on additional debt, investments and payment of dividends. Failure to comply with these loan agreements would require debt restructuring that could be materially adverse to the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Additionally, any future disruptions in the credit and financial markets may reduce the availability of debt financing or refinancing and

7

increase the costs associated with such financing. If the Company is unable to secure financing on satisfactory terms, or at all, its business financial position, results of operations and cash flows may be materially and adversely affected.

Downturns in certain industries and general economic downturns may have an adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Economic downturns may adversely affect users of some end products that are manufactured using the Company’s products and the industries in which such end products are used. These users may reduce their volume of purchases of such end products during economic downturns, which would reduce demand for the Company’s products. Additionally, uncertain conditions in the credit markets pose a risk to the overall economy that may impact consumer and customer demand of some of the Company’s products, as well as the Company’s ability to manage normal commercial relationships with its customers, suppliers and creditors. Some of the Company’s customers may not be able to meet the terms of sale and suppliers may not be able to fully perform their contractual obligations due to tighter credit markets or a general slowdown in economic activity.

In the event that economic conditions worsen or result in a prolonged downturn or recession, the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows may be materially and adversely affected.

Cost overruns, delays and miscalculations in capacity needs with respect to the Company’s expansion or other capital projects could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

From time to time, the Company initiates expansion and other significant capital projects. Projects of this type are subject to risks of delay or cost overruns inherent in any large construction project resulting from numerous factors, including the following: shortages of equipment, materials or skilled labor; work stoppages; unscheduled delays in the delivery of ordered materials and equipment; unanticipated cost increases; difficulties in obtaining necessary permits or in meeting permit conditions; difficulties in meeting regulatory requirements or obtaining regulatory approvals; availability of suppliers to certify equipment for existing and enhanced regulations; design and engineering problems; and failure or delay of third party service providers, civil unrest and labor disputes. Significant cost overruns or delays in completing a project could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s return on investment, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, if the Company miscalculates its anticipated capacity needs, this too could negatively impact its operations, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company relies extensively on information technology (IT) systems to conduct its business. Interruption of, damage to or compromise of the Company’s IT systems could have an adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company relies on IT systems for most areas of operations, including production, supply chain, research and development, finance, human resource and regulatory functions. The Company’s ability to effectively manage its business depends on the security, reliability and adequacy of these systems.  IT system failures due to events including but not limited to network disruptions, programming errors, computer viruses and security breaches (e.g., cyber-attacks) could impact production activities, impede shipment of products, cause delays or cancellations of customer orders, or hamper the processing of transactions or reporting of financial results.  The theft, unauthorized use or publication of our intellectual property and/or confidential business information could harm our competitive position, reduce the value of our investment in research and development and other strategic initiatives or otherwise adversely affect our business. The Company may be required to expend additional resources to continue to enhance its information privacy and security measures and/or to investigate and remediate any information security vulnerabilities. While the Company has a comprehensive program for continuously reviewing, maintaining, testing and upgrading its IT systems and security, there can be no assurance that such efforts will prevent breakdowns or breaches in Company systems that could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Various liability claims could materially and adversely affect the Company’s financial position, operating results and cash flows.

The Company may be required to pay for losses or injuries purportedly caused by its products. The Company faces an inherent exposure to various types of claims including general liability, product liability, product recall, toxic tort and environmental (“claims”), among others, if its products, or the end products that are manufactured with the Company’s products, result in property damage, injury or death. In addition, because the Company conducts business in multiple jurisdictions, the Company also faces an inherent exposure to other general claims based on its operations in those jurisdictions and the laws of those jurisdictions, including but not limited to claims arising from its relationship with employees, distributors, agents and customers, and other parties with whom it has a business relationship, directly or indirectly. Many of these claims may be made against the Company even if there is no evidence of a loss from that claim, and these claims may be either made by individual entities, or potentially a group of plaintiffs in a class action. Defending these claims could result in significant legal expenses relating to defense costs and/or damage awards and diversion of management’s time and the Company’s resources. Any claim brought against the Company, net of potential insurance recoveries, could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

8

The Company’s forecasts and other forward-looking statements are based on a variety of assumptions and estimates that are subject to significant uncertainties. The Company’s performance may not be consistent with these forecasts or forward-looking statements.

From time to time in press releases and other documents filed with the SEC, the Company publishes forecasts or other forward-looking statements regarding its future results, including estimated revenues, net earnings and other operating and financial metrics.

Any forecast or forward-looking statement related to the Company’s future performance reflects various assumptions and estimates, which are subject to significant uncertainties, and the achievement of any forecast or forward-looking statement depends on numerous risks and other factors, including those described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, many of which are beyond the Company’s control. If these assumptions and estimates prove to be incorrect, or any of the risks or other factors occur, then the Company’s performance may not be consistent with these forecasts or forward-looking statements.

You are cautioned not to rely solely on such forward-looking statements, but instead are encouraged to utilize the entire mix of publicly available historical and forward-looking information, as well as other available information affecting the Company, the Company’s services and the Company’s industry, when evaluating the Company’s forecasts and other forward-looking statements relating to the Company’s operations and financial performance.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None

9

Item 2. Properties

The following are the Company’s principal plants and other important physical properties. Unless otherwise noted, the listed properties are owned by the Company. Management believes that the facilities are suitable and adequate for the Company’s current operations.

10

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

There are a variety of legal proceedings pending or threatened against the Company that occur in the normal course of the Company’s business, the majority of which relate to environmental matters. Some of these proceedings may result in fines, penalties, judgments or costs being assessed against the Company at some future time. The Company’s operations are subject to extensive local, state and federal regulations, including the U.S. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) and the Superfund amendments of 1986 (Superfund). Over the years, the Company has received requests for information relative to or has been named by the government as a potentially responsible party at a number of sites where cleanup costs have been or may be incurred under CERCLA and similar state statutes. In addition, damages are being claimed against the Company in general liability actions for alleged personal injury or property damage in the case of some disposal and plant sites. The Company believes that it has made adequate provisions for the costs it may incur with respect to these sites. For most of these sites, the involvement of the Company is expected to be minimal. The most significant sites are described below:

Maywood, New Jersey Site

The Company’s property in Maywood, New Jersey and property formerly owned by the Company adjacent to its current site and other nearby properties (Maywood site) were listed on the National Priorities List in September 1993 pursuant to the provisions of CERCLA because of certain alleged chemical contamination. Pursuant to an Administrative Order on Consent entered into between USEPA and the Company for property formerly owned by the Company, and the issuance of an order by USEPA to the Company for property currently owned by the Company, the Company has completed various Remedial Investigation Feasibility Studies (RI/FS), and on September 24, 2014, USEPA issued its Record of Decision (“ROD”) for chemically-contaminated soil. USEPA has not yet issued a ROD for chemically-contaminated groundwater for the Maywood site.  Based on the most current information available, the Company believes its recorded liability represents its best estimate of the cost of remediation for the Maywood site.  The best estimate of the cost of remediation for the Maywood site could change as the Company continues to hold discussions with USEPA, as the design of the remedial action progresses or if other PRPs are identified.  The ultimate amount for which the Company is liable could differ from the Company’s current recorded liability.

In April 2015, the Company entered into an Administrative Settlement Agreement and Administrative Order on Consent with USEPA which requires payment of certain costs and performance of certain investigative and design work for chemically-contaminated soil.  Based on the Company’s review and analysis of this order, no changes to the Company’s current recorded liability for claims associated with soil remediation of chemical contamination were required.

In addition, under the terms of a settlement agreement reached on November 12, 2004, the United States Department of Justice and the Company agreed to fulfill the terms of a Cooperative Agreement reached in 1985 under which the United States will take title to and responsibility for radioactive waste removal at the Maywood site, including past and future remediation costs incurred by the United States. As such, the Company recorded no liability related to this settlement agreement.

D’Imperio Property Site

During the mid-1970’s, Jerome Lightman and the Lightman Drum Company disposed of hazardous substances at several sites in New Jersey. The Company was named as a potentially responsible party (PRP) in the case United States v. Lightman (1:92-cv-4710 D.N.J.), which involved the D’Imperio Property Site located in New Jersey. In 2016, the PRPs were provided with updated remediation cost estimates which were considered in the Company’s determination of its range of estimated possible losses and liability balance. The changes in range of possible losses and liability balance were immaterial.  Remediation work is continuing at this site. Based on current information, the Company believes that its recorded liability for claims associated with the D’Imperio site is adequate.  However, actual costs could differ from current estimates.

Wilmington Site

The Company is currently contractually obligated to contribute to the response costs associated with the Company’s formerly-owned site at 51 Eames Street, Wilmington, Massachusetts. Remediation at this site is being managed by its current owner to whom the Company sold the property in 1980. Under the agreement, once total site remediation costs exceed certain levels, the Company is obligated to contribute up to five percent of future response costs associated with this site with no limitation on the ultimate amount of contributions. To date, the Company has paid the current owner $2.4 million for the Company’s portion of environmental response costs through the third quarter of 2015. The Company has recorded a liability for its portion of the estimated remediation costs for the site. Depending on the ultimate cost of the remediation at this site, the amount for which the Company is liable could differ from the current estimates.

The Company and other prior owners also entered into an agreement in April 2004 waiving certain statute of limitations defenses for claims which may be filed by the Town of Wilmington, Massachusetts, in connection with this site. While the Company

11

has denied any liability for any such claims, the Company agreed to this waiver while the parties continue to discuss the resolution of any potential claim which may be filed.

The Company believes that based on current information it has adequate reserves for the claims related to this site. However, depending on the ultimate cost of the remediation at this site, the amount for which the Company is liable could differ from the current estimates.

Other Matters

The Company has been named as a de minimis PRP at other sites, and as such the Company believes that a resolution of its liability will not have a material impact on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

12

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

On February 19, 2013, the Board of Directors of Stepan Company authorized the Company to repurchase up to 1,000,000 shares of its outstanding common stock.  During 2015, 41,915 shares of Company common stock were purchased in the open market and 2,183 shares of common stock were received to settle employees’ minimum statutory withholding taxes related to performance stock awards and deferred compensation distribution. The purchased and received shares were recorded as treasury stock in the Company’s balance sheet. At December 31, 2015, 761,764 shares remained available for repurchase under the February 19, 2013, authorization. The timing and amount of the repurchases are determined by the Company’s management based on its evaluation of market conditions and share price. Shares will be repurchased with cash in open market or private transactions in accordance with applicable securities and stock exchange rules.

Dividends Declared Per Common Share

The Company has material debt agreements that restrict the payment of dividends. See the Liquidity and Financial Condition section of Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis, for a description of the restrictions. See also Note 6, Debt, of the consolidated financial statements (Item 8 of this Form 10-K) for the amount of retained earnings available for dividend distribution at December 31, 2015.

13

The following stock performance graph compares the yearly change since December 31, 2010, in cumulative return on the common stock of the Company on a dividend reinvested basis to the Dow Jones Chemical Industry Index and the Russell 2000 Index. The Dow Jones Chemical Industry Index is a market-capitalization weighted grouping of 35 chemical companies, including major manufacturers of both basic and specialty products. The Company is not included in the Dow Jones Chemical Industry Index. The Russell 2000 Index is a market-capitalization weighted grouping of 2,000 small to medium sized companies in a broad range of industries. The Company has been included in the Russell 2000 Index since 1992. The graph assumes $100 was invested on December 31, 2010, and shows the cumulative total return as of each December 31 thereafter.

14

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

(In thousands, except per share data)

15

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is management’s discussion and analysis (MD&A) of certain significant factors that have affected the Company’s financial condition and results of operations during the annual periods included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Certain matters discussed in the following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) include forward-looking statements that are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions.  Such forward-looking statements are intended to be identified in this document by the words, “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “outlook,” “plan,” “project,” “possible,” “potential,” “should” and similar expressions.  Actual results may vary materially.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and the Company does not undertake any obligation to update them to reflect changes that occur after that date.  Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include the items described in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

The Company produces and sells intermediate chemicals that are used in a wide variety of applications worldwide. The overall business comprises three reportable segments:

2015 Business Developments

Business Acquisition

On June 15, 2015, the Company completed its previously announced acquisition of Procter & Gamble do Brasil S.A.’s (P&G Brazil’s) sulfonation production facility in Bahia, Brazil. The facility is located in northeastern Brazil and has 30,000 metric tons of surfactants capacity. The acquisition expands the Company’s capabilities in Brazil, which is the world’s fifth most populous country and has a growing population.  As the country’s usage of laundry products transitions from soap bars to powders to liquids, surfactant use is expected to expand.  Surfactants usage in functional applications, including the large Brazilian agricultural industry, is also expected to increase.  Brazil is a strategic priority for the Company. The new business complements the Company’s existing Vespasiano, Brazil, plant and provides opportunities to serve growing northeastern Brazil. The acquired business is included in the Company’s Surfactants segment. See Note 20 to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the business acquisition.

16

Supply Agreement and Asset Acquisition

In July 2015, the Company signed a long-term supply agreement with The Sun Products Corporation (SUN).  Under this agreement the Company will supply SUN's anionic surfactant requirements for laundry in North America.  The agreement commenced in the third quarter of 2015. The demand from this agreement is being serviced from the Company’s existing North American manufacturing assets. The supply agreement was made possible due to the strength of the Company’s sulfonation expertise and North American supply network that provide this customer with multiple source locations and increased surfactant flexibility. This agreement should enable the Company to improve its North American capacity utilization.

In September 2015, the Company closed on the previously announced agreement to purchase select chemical manufacturing assets from SUN's Pasadena, Texas manufacturing site. An option to purchase the land at this site was also exercised. See Note 20 to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the asset purchase.

TIORCO Joint Venture

Given the current and forecasted price of crude oil, the Company and Nalco Company (Nalco) decided in October 2015 to dissolve their TIORCO enhanced oil recovery joint venture.  The Company expects to continue to participate in the enhanced oil recovery business, but through operations within its organization. With this change, the Company seeks to reduce the unfavorable financial statement impact of TIORCO’s losses, which have averaged about $5.0 million per year over the last three years. The Company expects its own operating expenses to increase to support its enhanced oil recovery activities, but the net impact to earnings of the dissolution is expected to be positive. As a result of the dissolution, TIORCO incurred fourth quarter 2015 exit costs to wind down the entity. The Company’s share of the exit costs was $2.4 million pretax. The exit costs were included in the ‘Loss from equity in joint ventures’ line in the consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2015. See Note 25 to the consolidated financial statements for further information.

Deferred Compensation Plans

The accounting for the Company’s deferred compensation plans can cause period-to-period fluctuations in Company expenses and profits. Compensation expense results when the values of Company common stock and mutual fund investment assets held for the plans increase, and compensation income results when the values of Company common stock and mutual fund investment assets decline. The pretax effect of all deferred compensation-related activities (including realized and unrealized gains and losses on the mutual fund assets held to fund the deferred compensation obligations) and the income statement line items in which the effects of the activities were recorded are presented in the following table:

17

Effects of Foreign Currency Translation

The Company’s foreign subsidiaries transact business and report financial results in their respective local currencies. As a result, foreign subsidiary income statements are translated into U.S. dollars at average foreign exchange rates appropriate for the reporting period. Because foreign exchange rates fluctuate against the U.S. dollar over time, foreign currency translation affects year-to-year comparisons of financial statement items (i.e., because foreign exchange rates fluctuate, similar year-to-year local currency results for a foreign subsidiary may translate into different U.S. dollar results). The following tables present the effects that foreign currency translation had on the year-over-year changes in consolidated net sales and various income line items for 2015 compared to 2014 and 2014 compared to 2013:

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

2015 Compared with 2014

Summary

Net income attributable to the Company for 2015 increased 33 percent to $76.0 million, or $3.32 per diluted share, from $57.1 million, or $2.49 per diluted share, for 2014. Below is a summary discussion of the major factors leading to the year-over-year changes in net sales, profits and expenses.  A detailed discussion of segment operating performance for 2015 compared to 2014 follows the summary.

Consolidated net sales declined $151.0 million, or eight percent, between years. A five percent increase in sales volume favorably affected the year-over-year net sales change by $96.6 million. All three segments contributed to the consolidated sales volume improvement. Sales volumes for Surfactants and Polymers grew five percent each, and sales volumes for the Specialty Products segment increased two percent. The positive effect of increased sales volume was more than offset by the unfavorable effects of foreign currency translation and lower selling prices, which accounted for $131.8 million and $115.8 million, respectively, of the year-over-year net sales decline. The unfavorable foreign currency translation effect reflected a stronger U.S. dollar against all currencies of countries where the Company has foreign operations. Selling prices were lower primarily related to certain pass-through contract requirements associated with lower raw materials costs. Overall margins improved slightly. The decline in raw material costs reflected the impacts of decreases in the cost of crude oil and of sluggish economies in China and other emerging market countries.

Operating income for 2015 increased $32.1 million, or 35 percent, over operating income reported for 2014, largely due to improved results for Surfactants and Polymers. Increased deferred compensation expense and the effects of foreign currency translation negatively affected the year-over-year operating income change by $18.4 million and $13.2 million, respectively. Included in the 2015 results was a $2.9 million gain on the divestiture of the Company’s specialty polyurethane systems product line (part of the Polymers segment). See Note 21 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the sale. In addition, last year’s operating income was unfavorably affected by $4.0 million of restructuring and asset impairment charges and a $2.4 million bad debt charge necessitated when a major Polymer customer filed for bankruptcy protection.

18

Operating expenses increased $33.5 million, or 22 percent, year over year. Higher deferred compensation, incentive-based compensation and consulting expenses were the major contributors to the increase. The following summarizes the year-over-year changes in the individual income statement line items that comprise the Company’s operating expenses:  

The increase in consulting expenses was related to the Company’s ongoing initiative to improve efficiency across the Company’s global organization (the initiative is referred to as DRIVE within the Company). The contract with the consulting company advising on the DRIVE initiative has expired, so it is expected that such expenses will decline in 2016. Higher incentive-based compensation costs accounted for the increase in fringe benefit expenses. With respect to the decline in environmental remediation expenses, 2014 included a $7.1 million charge to increase the remediation liability for the Company’s Maywood, New Jersey, site. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued its record of decision for soil remediation at that site in September 2014, which led to the liability increase.

Net interest expense for 2015 increased $3.1 million, or 27 percent, over net interest expense for 2014. Higher average debt levels resulting from the July 2015 issuance of $100.0 million in unsecured debt was the principal contributor to the increase. See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the new private placement debt.

The loss from the Company’s 50-percent equity joint venture (TIORCO) increased $2.0 million year over year largely due to the Company’s $2.4 million-share of exit costs recorded by TIORCO in the fourth quarter of 2015. The costs were precipitated by the joint venture partners’ agreement to dissolve the venture. See Note 25 to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the dissolution of TIORCO.

Other, net income for 2015 increased $0.3 million, or 23 percent, over other, net income for 2014. Foreign exchange activity resulted in a $0.7 million gain in 2015 compared to a $0.2 million loss in 2014. Investment income (including realized and unrealized gains and losses) for the Company’s deferred compensation and supplemental defined contribution mutual fund assets declined $0.6 million between years to $0.9 million in 2015 from $1.5 million in 2014.

The effective tax rate was 26.1 percent in 2015 compared to 24.4 percent in 2014.  The increase was attributable to certain favorable foreign tax benefits recorded in 2014 that were nonrecurring in 2015, an unrecognized tax benefit recorded in 2015 for prior tax years, and a less favorable geographical mix of income in 2015.  The 2015 tax rate was also negatively impacted by the lower tax benefit realized on nontaxable foreign interest income due to higher consolidated income.  These items were partially offset by higher U.S. tax credits recorded in 2015.  U.S. tax credits included the current year R&D credit, which was permanently extended on December 18, 2015, and the Agricultural Chemicals Security Credit related to the 2011 and 2012 tax returns.  See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements for a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective tax rate.

19

Segment Results

Surfactants

Surfactants 2015 net sales declined $90.8 million, or seven percent, from 2014 net sales. Sales volume increased five percent between years, which had a $67.0 million positive effect on the year-over-year net sales change. All regions contributed to the sales volume improvement. Foreign currency translation and decreased selling prices had negative effects of $97.9 million and $59.9 million, respectively, on the net sales change. Compared to 2014, the U.S. dollar was stronger against all currencies of the segment’s foreign operations. Selling prices were lower primarily related to certain pass-through contract requirements associated with lower raw materials costs. Overall margins improved slightly. A year-over-year comparison of net sales by region follows:

Net sales for North American operations declined seven percent between years. Sales volume increased three percent, which favorably affected the change in net sales by $26.2 million. The sales volume impact was more than offset by a nine percent decline in average selling prices and the unfavorable effects of foreign currency translation, which led to year-over-year net sales decreases of $72.8 million and $7.9 million, respectively. The improved sales volume resulted from increased sales of laundry and cleaning and personal care products, partially offset by decreased sales of functional surfactants and household, industrial and institutional (HI&I) products. The increase in laundry and cleaning sales volume was largely due to additional volumes resulting from the Company’s new long-term supply agreement with SUN. Personal care sales volumes increased principally due to higher demand from existing customers. The decline in sales volumes for functional surfactants was principally due to lower sales of products used in oil field and agricultural applications. Decreased sales volumes to EOR customers, driven by the decline in crude oil prices, led to the lower oil field sales volume. The decline in agricultural chemicals sales volume was largely due to customers’ carryover inventory from 2014 and to farmers’ efforts to reduce spraying costs due to lower crop prices.  HI&I sales volume was down mainly due to some lost business. The drop in selling prices was primarily attributable to decreases in raw material costs. The negative foreign currency translation effect reflected a stronger U.S. dollar relative to the Canadian dollar.

Net sales for European operations declined ten percent between years. Sales volume was up six percent, which favorably affected year-over-year net sales by $16.8 million. The sales volume impact was more than offset by the unfavorable effects of foreign currency translation and a two percent decline in selling prices, which accounted for $40.7 million and $4.9 million of the year-over-

20

year net sales decline. An increase in sales of laundry and cleaning and agricultural chemical products, due to stronger demand from existing customers and new business, led to the improvement in sales volume. A stronger U.S. dollar against the European euro and British pound sterling led to the foreign currency translation result.

Net sales for Latin American operations declined seven percent between years due to a $48.0 million unfavorable effect of foreign currency translation. A 12 percent increase in sales volume and a 10 percent increase in selling prices offset the foreign currency translation impact by $18.8 million and $17.9 million, respectively. Brazil operations accounted for most of the increased Latin American sales volume, with stronger demand from existing customers and business gained as a result of the P&G Brazil acquisition finalized in the second quarter of 2015. Sales volume was up for Colombia operations but was partially offset by a decline in sales volume in Mexico. The foreign currency translation effect resulted from the year-over-year weakening of the Brazilian real as well as the Colombian and Mexican pesos against the U.S. dollar.

Net sales for Asian operations increased seven percent due to increased selling prices and a three percent increase in sales volume, which accounted for $3.4 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of the year-over-year increase in net sales. The increase in sales volume was primarily attributable to the Company’s Philippines operation, partially offset by lower sales volume for Singapore operations. The unfavorable effects of foreign currency translation offset the effects of higher sales volume and selling prices by $1.3 million.

Surfactants operating income for 2015 increased $43.3 million, or 71 percent, over operating income for 2014.  Gross profit increased $48.0 million largely due to strong improvement for North American operations. All other regions except Asia also reported increased profits. Foreign currency translation reduced the year-over-year gross profit and operating income increase by $16.7 million and $10.4 million, respectively. Year-over-year comparisons of gross profit by region and total segment operating expenses and operating income follow:

Gross profit for North American operations increased 48 percent year over year primarily due to improved operations, the three percent sales volume increase and better sales margins.  The improved sales margin resulted from lower raw material and transportation costs. Costs for all major surfactant raw materials declined year-over-year. In 2014, the Company incurred additional transportation expenses due to higher fuel costs and to carrier delays and suboptimal supply chain movements related to the effects of severe winter weather and to upgrades at the Anaheim, California, plant that resulted in shifting production to other Company locations. Other items contributing to the year-over-year increase in gross profit were the favorable 2015 resolution of a previously recorded customer claim and $1.8 million of accelerated depreciation recorded in 2014 related to the Company’s 2013 restructuring plan. The effect of foreign currency translation on the year-over-year change in gross profit was an unfavorable $1.7 million.

Gross profit for European operations increased 14 percent between years principally due to the six percent increase in sales volume and to sales margin improvement. The margin improvement reflected a more favorable mix of sales (growth in agricultural sales volume) and declines in raw material costs. Foreign currency translation had a $5.4 million unfavorable effect on the year-over-year change in gross profit.

Gross profit for Latin American operations increased 28 percent largely due to a more profitable mix of sales, higher selling prices and the 12 percent increase in sales volume that more than offset an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $9.5 million.

Asia gross profit declined 14 percent largely due to a less profitable mix of sales reflecting lower sales out of Singapore.

Operating expenses for the Surfactants segment increased $4.7 million, or six percent, year over year. Excluding the effects of foreign currency translation, operating expenses increased $11.1 million. North American operations, European operations and Latin American operations accounted for $7.1 million, $1.9 million and $1.7 million of the increase, respectively. Higher fringe benefits,

21

particularly incentive-based compensation, accounted for a large portion of the operating expense increases. Reimbursement from new consortium members of past European product registration fees ($1.3 million) favorably impacted current year expenses.

Polymers

Polymers net sales for 2015 declined $59.5 million, or 11 percent, from net sales for 2014. Sales volume was up five percent, which had a $25.2 million favorable effect on the year-over-year change in net sales.  All regions reported improved volumes. Lower selling prices and the effects of foreign currency translation negatively impacted the year-over-year net sales change by $53.4 million and $31.3 million, respectively. Selling prices were lower primarily related to certain pass-through contract requirements associated with lower raw materials costs. Overall margins improved slightly. The foreign currency translation effect reflected a stronger U.S. dollar against the currencies of the segment’s foreign operations. A year-over-year comparison of net sales by region follows:

Net sales for North American operations declined nine percent. Sales volume increased three percent, which had a $10.0 million favorable effect on the year-over-year net sales change. Selling prices declined 11 percent, which unfavorably affected year-over-year net sales by $39.9 million. Sales volume of polyols used in rigid foam applications increased one percent, while sales volume of specialty polyols declined five percent. A drop in sales for products used in lower-margin flexible foam applications led to the decline in specialty polyol sales volume. Phthalic anhydride sales volume increased 10 percent as the result of new business coupled with stronger demand from existing customers. The reduction in sales prices reflected decreases in the costs of major raw materials.

Net sales for European operations declined 14 percent between years. Sales volume increased eight percent, which positively affected the year-over-year net sales change by $14.3 million. Increased sales of rigid polyols used in insulation board and metal panels accounted for the volume improvement. The unfavorable effects of foreign currency translation and a five percent decline in selling prices negatively affected the year-over-year change in net sales by $29.7 million and $9.8 million, respectively. The foreign currency translation effect reflected a stronger U.S. dollar relative to the Polish zloty. The selling price decline was principally attributable to decreases in raw material costs.

Net sales for Asia and Other operations declined 16 percent due to lower selling prices and the unfavorable effects of foreign currency translation, which accounted for $3.3 million and $1.5 million of the year-over-year net sales decrease, respectively. Reduced raw material costs led to the lower selling prices. Sales volume increased two percent, which had a $0.5 million positive impact on the net sales change. The volume gain reflected increased sales volume in Asia.

Polymer 2015 operating income increased $20.3 million, or 33 percent, over 2014 operating income. The $2.9 million gain on the sale of the Company’s specialty polyurethane systems product line, the effects of lower raw material costs, the five percent sales volume increase and reduced 2015 bad debt expense, partially offset by a $3.1 million unfavorable effect of foreign currency translation and higher incentive-based pay compensation, led to the improvement in operating income. Last year’s bad debt expense included a $2.4 million charge for a customer that filed for bankruptcy protection. Year-over-year comparisons of gross profit by region and total segment operating expenses and operating income follow:

Gross profit for North American operations increased 29 percent year over year due to improved sales margins, increased sales volume and operating efficiencies. The sales margin improvement reflected lower costs for all major raw materials, better inventory cost positions throughout the year and manufacturing fee increases aimed at partially offsetting the increasing cost of maintaining the

22

polymer production facilities.  Less outsourcing during the year also contributed to the more favorable results. In addition to the foregoing, 2015 gross profit included the recognition of $1.0 million of previously deferred revenue due to the satisfaction of contractual requirements.

Gross profit for European operations increased one percent. The effects of the eight percent sales volume increase and lower raw material costs were largely offset by an unfavorable $4.4 million foreign currency translation impact.

The increase in gross profit for Asia and Other operations was primarily due to lower outsourcing and raw material costs and increased sales volume that more than offset the negative effects of foreign currency translation.

Operating expenses for the Polymers segment (excluding the $2.9 million gain on the product line sale) increased $1.9 million, or seven percent, year over year. Much of the increase was attributable to higher incentive-based pay. In addition, operating expenses in China, where a new plant is being constructed, increased $1.1 million year over year. The higher expenses were partially offset by a $2.2 million decrease in bad debt expense. Last year’s bad debt expense included a $2.4 million bad debt charge for a customer that filed for bankruptcy. Foreign exchange translation had a favorable $1.6 million effect on the year-over-year operating expense change.

Specialty Products

Net sales for 2015 declined $0.8 million, or one percent, from net sales for 2014. The decline in net sales was due to a $2.7 million unfavorable foreign currency translation effect partially offset by higher average selling prices and a two percent increase in sales volume. All product lines reported slightly improved sales volumes year over year, principally due to a stronger fourth quarter. The increase in average selling prices reflected a more favorable mix of sales. Operating income decreased $6.1 million, or 58 percent, between years due to higher raw material costs and operating expenses, particularly for the food ingredient and nutritional supplement product lines. Fourth quarter 2015 operating income improved $1.0 million over fourth quarter 2014 operating income largely due to a 26 percent increase in sales volume and to a more profitable mix of sales.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate expenses, which comprise deferred compensation and other operating expenses that are not allocated to the reportable segments, increased $29.4 million to $66.6 million for 2015 from $37.2 million for 2014. The significant contributors to the year-over-year increase in corporate expenses included higher deferred compensation ($18.4 million), consulting ($5.9 million), fringe benefit ($5.4 million), talent acquisition/relocation ($1.5 million), expatriate ($0.8 million) and salaries ($0.7 million) expenses, along with the accumulation of a number of smaller expense increases. The increased expenses were partially offset by lower environmental remediation charges ($6.4 million).

Deferred compensation was $6.5 million of expense for 2015 compared to $11.9 million of income for 2014. The change between years was largely attributable to a $9.61 per share increase in the value of Company common stock in 2015 compared to a $25.55 per share decrease in 2014. The following table presents the year-end Company common stock market prices used in the computation of deferred compensation expense:

The increase in fringe benefit expenses resulted primarily from higher incentive-based compensation (both short- and long-term). In 2014, a limited amount of annual bonuses were paid because the Company failed to meet its financial performance targets. Consulting expenses increased largely due to the Company’s ongoing DRIVE initiative to improve efficiency across the Company’s global organization.  The contract with the consulting company advising on the DRIVE initiative has expired, so it is expected that such expenses will decline in 2016.

With respect to the decline in environmental remediation expenses, 2014 included $7.1 million of charges to increase the best estimate of the remediation liability for the Company’s Maywood site. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued its record of decision for soil remediation at that site in September 2014, which led to the liability increase.

23

2014 Compared with 2013

Summary

Net income attributable to the Company for 2014 declined 22 percent year over year to $57.1 million, or $2.49 per diluted share, compared to $72.8 million, or $3.18 per diluted share, for 2013. Below is a summary discussion of the major factors leading to the year-over-year changes in net sales, profits and expenses.  A detailed discussion of segment operating performance for 2014 follows the summary.

Consolidated net sales for 2014 increased $46.4 million, or two percent, over consolidated net sales for 2013. Higher average selling prices favorably affected the year-over-year net sales change by $131.2 million. A four percent decline in sales volume and the effects of foreign currency translation unfavorably affected the net sales change by $74.0 million and $10.8 million, respectively. The increase in average selling prices was attributable to higher raw material costs, primarily for Surfactants. The sales volume decline was mainly driven by the Surfactants segment, which reported an eight percent year-over-year volume decrease. Most of the sales volume decline was attributable to North American operations. Sales volume for the Polymers segment increased 13 percent due to solid organic growth in North America and Europe and growth from the North American polyester resins business acquired from Bayer MaterialScience LLC (BMS) in June 2013. Sales volume for Specialty Products declined four percent.

Operating income for 2014 declined $18.5 million, or 17 percent, from operating income for 2013. Gross profit decreased $32.1 million, or 11 percent, largely due to lower profits for Surfactants caused by reduced sales volumes and higher expenses for North American operations. Polymers gross profit improved nine percent between years due to sales volume growth that more than offset the effect of a $3.7 million business interruption insurance recovery that benefited 2013. Specialty Products reported a five percent year-over-year gross profit decline.

Operating expenses, including business restructuring and asset impairment charges, declined $13.7 million, or eight percent, year over year. Lower deferred compensation and incentive-based compensation expenses were the major contributors to the decrease. The following summarizes the year-over-year changes in the individual income statement line items that comprise the Company’s operating expenses:  

2014

In the fourth quarter of 2014, a restructuring plan was approved that affects certain Company functions, principally the R&D function and to a lesser extent product safety and compliance and plant-site accounting functions. The objective of the plan was to better align staffing resources with the needs of the Company’s diversification and growth initiatives. In connection with the plan, the Company recognized a $1.7 million charge against income for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2014.

24

In the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company wrote off the net book values of three assets, resulting in a charge against income of $2.3 million for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2014. All three assets were part of the Company’s Surfactants segment, although the write-off charges were excluded from Surfactants segment results.

2013

For the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2013, the Company recorded a $1.0 million restructuring charge for estimated severance expense related to an approved plan to reduce future costs and increase operating efficiencies by consolidating a portion of its North American Surfactants manufacturing operations (part of the Surfactants reportable segment). In the third quarter of 2014, the Company shut down certain production areas at its Canadian manufacturing site. The future savings resulting from the restructuring are expected to run approximately $2.5 million per year.

Net interest expense for 2014 increased $1.1 million, or 10 percent, over net interest expense for 2013. The increase reflected the recognition of a full year’s interest on the $100.0 million private placement loan the Company executed in June 2013 to finance the BMS North American polyester resins acquisition and other capital expenditures.

The loss from the Company’s 50-percent equity joint venture (TIORCO) declined $0.3 million year over year largely due to higher commission income.

Other, net for 2014 was $1.3 million of income compared to $2.2 million of income for 2013. Investment income (including realized and unrealized gains and losses) for the Company’s deferred compensation and supplemental defined contribution mutual fund assets declined $2.2 million between years to $1.5 million for 2014 from $3.7 million for 2013. Foreign exchange losses declined $1.3 million to $0.2 million for 2014 from $1.5 million for 2013.

The effective tax rate was 24.4 percent in 2014 compared to 24.4 percent in 2013.  Even though the tax rate remained the same year over year, there were significant offsetting items that impacted the rate.  The tax rate was driven higher by certain retroactive tax benefits recorded in 2013 that were nonrecurring in 2014.  The 2013 benefits included the income exclusion of certain biodiesel excise tax credits for the 2010 through 2012 tax periods and the federal research and development tax credit for the 2012 tax period.  The 2014 tax rate was also negatively impacted by a lower domestic production activities deduction as a result of lower U.S. taxable income and by higher state taxes as a result of certain tax benefits recorded in 2013 that were nonrecurring in 2014.  These items were offset by a greater percentage of consolidated income being generated outside the U.S. in 2014 where the effective tax rates are lower. See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements for a reconciliation of the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the effective tax rate.

Segment Results

25

Surfactants

Surfactants net sales for 2014 declined $20.5 million, or two percent, from net sales for 2013. An eight percent decrease in sales volume and the effects of foreign currency translation accounted for $103.0 million and $11.1 million, respectively, of the net sales decline. All regions contributed to the drop in sales volume, although most of the decline was attributable to North American operations. An increase in average selling prices favorably affected the net sales change by $93.6 million. A year-over-year comparison of net sales by region follows:

Net sales for North American operations declined one percent due to a 10 percent drop in sales volume and the unfavorable effects of foreign currency translation, which accounted for $82.8 million and $4.3 million, respectively, of the net sales decrease. Lower year-over-year sales of products used in biodiesel, laundry and cleaning, personal care and agricultural chemical applications accounted for the North American sales volume decline. These sales volume decreases were partially offset by sales volume growth for products used in oil field and household, industrial and institutional (HI&I) applications and for surfactants sold through distributors. The Company chose not to manufacture and sell biodiesel products in 2014 because to do so would not have been economically advantageous. The decline in laundry and cleaning sales volume was largely attributable to customers bringing surfactant production in-house to more fully utilize their internal capacity.  Sales volumes for laundry and cleaning and personal care products were negatively affected by the severe winter weather earlier in the year that caused production issues at some Company and customer manufacturing facilities. The decline in agricultural chemical sales volume reflected lower customer demand resulting from a shortened spring planting season resulting from prolonged winter weather in parts of the U.S. Average selling prices increased 11 percent, which offset the effects of the sales volume decline and unfavorable foreign currency translation by $76.8 million.   The higher average selling prices were primarily attributable to higher raw material costs.

Net sales for European operations increased less than one percent between years due to a $5.5 million favorable effect of foreign currency translation offset by lower average selling prices and sales volume. The foreign currency translation effect was primarily the result of a year-over-year stronger British pound sterling relative to the U.S. dollar. Average unit selling prices and sales volumes declined one percent each, reducing the year-over-year net sales change by $3.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively. The one percent decline in sales volume reflected lower demand for laundry and cleaning and fuel additive products offset by sales volume improvements for HI&I, agricultural chemicals and emulsion polymers and foamers products.

Net sales for Latin American operations declined less than one percent due to the unfavorable effects of foreign currency translation ($9.9 million unfavorable effect) and a two percent decline in sales volume ($3.4 million unfavorable effect) offset by the impact of higher average selling prices ($12.9 million favorable effect). The foreign currency translation effect resulted from the year-over-year weakening of the Brazilian real and the Mexican and Colombian pesos against the U.S. dollar. The sales volume decline was attributable to lower sales out of Brazil, mainly due to decreased demand for laundry and cleaning products and to lower sales of agricultural chemical products resulting from drought conditions in Brazil. Higher raw material costs led to the increase in average selling prices.

Net sales for Asian operations declined 15 percent due to an 18 percent decline in sales volume and to a $2.4 million unfavorable foreign currency translation effect. Sales volume in 2013 included one-time shipments of low-margin methyl ester and biodiesel products from the Company’s Singapore plant to customers in Asia and Europe that did not recur in 2014. Singapore sales volume of products to U.S. operations was up 46 percent, and sales volume for operations in the Philippines increased one percent.

Surfactants operating income for 2014 declined $39.4 million, or 39 percent, from operating income for 2013.  Gross profit decreased $40.2 million largely due to lower sales volume and higher expenses in North America. Foreign currency translation contributed $2.1 million to the gross profit decline. Operating expenses decreased $0.8 million, or one percent. Year-over-year comparisons of gross profit by region and total segment operating expenses and operating income follow:

26

North American gross profit declined 35 percent due to the effects of a 10 percent decline in sales volume and higher expenses. Manufacturing expenses were up $11.1 million, or eight percent, largely due to increased maintenance and depreciation costs. Prolonged inclement winter weather early in 2014 and a significant planned fourth quarter maintenance shutdown in a major production area at the Millsdale, Illinois, plant led to the increase in maintenance expenses. In addition to higher manufacturing costs, the Company incurred incremental transportation expenses for the transfer of some production from weather-affected locations to other less impacted North American plants. Transportation expenses continued to be higher throughout the balance of the year due to increased general freight rates and a planned infrastructure upgrade project at the Company’s Anaheim, California, plant. Further to all of the foregoing, a fourth quarter charge for a customer claim against the Company and higher year-over-year accelerated depreciation ($1.8 million in 2014 compared to $0.3 million in 2013) related to the restructuring plan approved in the fourth quarter of 2013 also contributed to the gross profit decline.

Gross profit for European operations increased 10 percent year over year, reflecting a more favorable mix of sales and lower material and manufacturing costs that more than offset the impact of the one percent decline in sales volume.

Gross profit for Latin American operations declined 11 percent due to lower sales volume, a less favorable mix of sales, higher raw material costs and an unfavorable $1.5 million foreign currency translation effect.

The year-over-year increase in gross profit for Asian operations was driven by the sales volume increase to U.S. operations from the Company’s Singapore plant.

Operating expenses for the Surfactants segment declined $0.8 million, or one percent, between years. Lower incentive-based compensation and the favorable effects of foreign currency translation ($0.7 million), partially offset by higher expenses in Latin America primarily due to increased spending to support the Company’s growing organization in Brazil, accounted for the year-over-year decline.

Polymers

Polymers net sales for 2014 increased $67.6 million, or 14 percent, over net sales for 2013.  A 13 percent increase in sales volume, higher average selling prices and the effects of foreign currency translation accounted for $61.2 million, $6.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of the year-over-year net sales improvement. Sales volume was up between years for North American and European operations. A year-over-year comparison of net sales by region follows:

Net sales for North American operations increased 18 percent due to a 16 percent increase in sales volume. Specialty polyols, which includes the polyester resin business acquired from BMS in June 2013, accounted for about 56 percent of the sales volume increase (2014 included twelve months of sales related to the acquisition from BMS compared to seven months of sales in 2013). Sales volume for polyols used in rigid foam applications improved 13 percent, principally due to increased demand for greater insulation usage to conserve energy and to an improved economy. Sales volume of phthalic anhydride was essentially unchanged between years, as the impact of reduced business with a large phthalic anhydride customer was largely offset by new business.

27

Net sales for European operations grew nine percent due to a nine percent increase in sales volume. Demand was strong for the Company’s polyol products used in rigid insulation board and metal panels in the first half of 2014. Sales volumes for the second half of 2014 were down slightly (less than one percent) from volumes for the second half of 2013 primarily due to the effects of the unsteady European economy.

Net sales for Asia and Other regions were essentially unchanged between years. Higher average selling prices due to a more favorable sales mix offset the effects of a five percent sales volume decline. The sales mix reflected a year-over-year sales volume decrease in Asia and an increase in polymers sold in Latin America.

Polymers operating income for 2014 increased $6.2 million, or 11 percent, over operating income for 2013. Most of the profit improvement was attributable to the sales volume increase for North American operations. The 2014 operating income growth was tempered by a $2.4 million bad debt charge resulting from the bankruptcy filing of a large North American phthalic anhydride customer. In addition, the 2013 results for European operations included the receipt of a $3.7 million business insurance recovery related to business interruption losses resulting from a 2011 fire that damaged equipment at the Company’s Germany plant. Year-over-year comparisons of gross profit by region and total segment operating expenses and operating income follow:

Gross profit for North American operations increased 20 percent principally due to the 16 percent increase in sales volume. All product lines contributed to the year-over-year gross profit growth. Specialty polyols, which includes the polyester resin business acquired from BMS in June 2013, accounted for 55 percent of the year-over-year gross profit improvement. Twelve months of financial activity for the new polyester resin activity were included in the 2014 financial results compared to seven months in the 2013 results.

Gross profit for European operations declined 19 percent year over year in large part due to the non-recurring benefit of $3.7 million of business interruption insurance income recognized in 2013. In addition, current year margins declined from 2013 due to higher raw material costs, competitive pressures on selling prices and higher manufacturing expenses.

The increase in gross profit for Asia and Other regions was primarily due to lower plant costs, higher selling prices and a more favorable mix of sales. Plant costs in 2013 included costs associated with the winding down of manufacturing operations at the Company’s Nanjing, China. In addition, a $0.6 million charge for accelerated depreciation was recognized in the first half of 2013 that did not recur in 2014. The results for 2014 were tempered by higher costs related to outsourcing products to sell.

Operating expenses for the Polymers segment were up $1.5 million, or six percent, between years due to the $2.4 million bad debt charge for a phthalic anhydride customer that filed for bankruptcy. The effect of the bad debt charge was partially offset by lower 2014 incentive-based compensation attributable to lower total Company operating results.

Specialty Products

Net sales for 2014 declined $0.7 million, or one percent, from net sales for 2013 primarily due to a four percent decline in sales volume and to lower sales of products used in pharmaceutical applications, partially offset by increased selling prices. Operating income declined $0.4 million, or four percent, principally due to lower sales volume partially offset by lower operating expenses.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate expenses declined $18.2 million to $37.2 million for 2014 from $55.4 million for 2013. The decline in corporate expenses was primarily due to decreased deferred compensation ($21.4 million) and fringe benefit ($2.8 million) expenses partially offset by increased legal and environmental ($7.2 million) expenses. The decrease in deferred compensation expense ($11.9 million of income in 2014 compared to $9.5 million of expense in 2013) reflected a $25.55 per share decline in the value of Company stock for 2014 compared to an increase of $10.09 per share for 2013. Lower year-over-year mutual fund investment appreciation contributed to the

28

decline in deferred compensation expense. The following table presents the year-end Company common stock prices used in the computation of deferred compensation expense:

The decrease in fringe benefit expenses was largely attributable to a decline in 2014 incentive-based compensation, which reflected lower Company financial operating results.

The higher year-over-year legal and environmental expense was due to a $7.1 million increase in the best estimate of the remediation liability for the Company’s Maywood site. The USEPA issued its final record of decision for the site in 2014, which led to the increase in the remediation liability.

Liquidity and Financial Condition

For the year ended December 31, 2015, operating activities were a cash source of $183.3 million versus a source of $82.0 million for the comparable period in 2014. For the current year period, investing cash outflows totaled $126.0 million and financing activities were a source of $42.9 million. Cash increased by $90.9 million with exchange rates reducing cash by $9.3 million.

For 2015, net income was up by $19.0 million and working capital was a source of $24.8 million versus a cash use of $42.7 for the comparable year-ago period. Cash outflows for investing activities were up by $16.7 million year over year. Cash flow for financing activities was a source of $42.9 million in 2015 compared to a use of $14.9 million in 2014.

For 2015, accounts receivable were a source of $4.2 million compared to a use of $21.2 million for the comparable period in 2014. Inventories were a source of $2.9 million in 2015 versus a use of $18.5 million in 2014. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities were a source of $21.2 million in 2015 compared to a use of $4.4 million in 2014.

Working capital requirements were lower in 2015 compared to 2014 primarily due to lower raw material prices. The Company’s working capital investment is heavily influenced by the cost of crude oil and natural oils, from which many of its raw materials are derived. Fluctuations in raw material costs translate directly to inventory carrying costs and indirectly to customer selling prices and accounts receivable.

The accounts receivable decrease for 2015 was driven mainly by lower sales prices partially offset by higher sales quantities.  The inventory cash source for the year was driven mainly by lower raw material prices. The Company has not changed its own payment practices related to its payables. It is management’s opinion that the Company’s liquidity is sufficient to provide for potential increases in working capital during 2016.

Investing cash outflows for the current year included capital expenditures of $119.3 million compared to $101.8 million for the comparable period last year. Other investing activities consumed $6.6 million in 2015 versus $7.4 million in 2014.  Other investing activities in 2015 included $5.1 million used to purchase the production facility in Bahia, Brazil and $3.3 million from proceeds on the sale of the specialty polyurethane systems product line.

For 2016, the Company estimates that capital expenditures will range from $115 million to $135 million including capacity expansions in the United States, Brazil and China.

The Company purchases its common shares in the open market from time to time to fund its own benefit plans and also to mitigate the dilutive effect of new shares issued under its benefit plans. The Company may also make open market repurchases as cash flows permit when, in management’s opinion, the Company’s shares are undervalued in the market. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, the Company purchased 41,915 shares in the open market at a total cost of $2.0 million.  At December 31, 2015, there were 761,764 shares remaining under the current share repurchase authorization.

As of December 31, 2015, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents totaled $176.1 million, including $68.8 million in two separate U.S. money market funds, each of which was rated AAA by Standard and Poor’s and Aaa by Moody’s. Cash in U.S. demand deposit accounts totaled $20.2 million and cash of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries held outside the U.S. totaled $87.1 million at December 31, 2015.

Consolidated balance sheet debt increased by $58.7 million for the current year, from $273.9 million to $332.6 million. Since last year-end, domestic debt increased by $70.0 million and foreign debt decreased by $11.3 million. Net debt (which is defined as

29

total debt minus cash) decreased by $32.2 million for the current year, from $188.7 million to $156.5 million. As of December 31, 2015, the ratio of total debt to total debt plus shareholders’ equity was 37.3 percent compared to 33.8 percent at December 31, 2014. As of December 31, 2015, the ratio of net debt to net debt plus shareholders’ equity was 21.9 percent, compared to 26.0 percent at December 31, 2014.

At December 31, 2015, the Company’s debt included $322.1 million of unsecured private placement loans with maturities extending from 2016 through 2027. These loans are the Company’s primary source of long-term debt financing and are supplemented by bank credit facilities to meet short and medium-term needs.

On July 10, 2015, the Company entered into a $100.0 million unsecured private placement loan. This loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.95% with interest to be paid semi-annually and with equal annual principal payments beginning on July 10, 2021, and continuing through final maturity on July 10, 2027. The proceeds of this loan will be used primarily for capital expenditures, to pay down existing debt in accordance with normal payment schedules and for other corporate purposes. This loan agreement requires the maintenance of certain financial ratios and covenants that are substantially identical to the Company’s existing long-term debt and customary events of default.

The Company has a committed $125.0 million multi-currency syndicated revolving credit agreement. The credit agreement allows the Company to make unsecured borrowings, as requested from time to time, for working capital and other corporate purposes. This unsecured facility is the Company’s primary source of short-term borrowings and is committed through July 10, 2019, with terms and conditions that are substantially equivalent to those of the Company’s other U.S. loan agreements. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had outstanding letters of credit of $4.7 million under this agreement, and no borrowings, with $120.3 million remaining available. The Company anticipates that cash from operations, committed credit facilities and cash on hand will be sufficient to fund anticipated capital expenditures, working capital, dividends and other planned financial commitments for the foreseeable future.

Certain foreign subsidiaries of the Company maintain term loans and short-term bank lines of credit in their respective local currencies to meet working capital requirements as well as to fund capital expenditure programs and acquisitions. At December 31, 2015, the Company’s foreign subsidiaries had outstanding debt of $10.5 million.

The Company has material debt agreements that require the maintenance of minimum interest coverage and minimum net worth. These agreements also limit the incurrence of additional debt as well as the payment of dividends and repurchase of treasury shares. Testing for these agreements is based on the combined financial statements of the U.S. operations of the Company, Stepan Canada Inc., Stepan Quimica Ltda., Stepan Specialty Products, LLC, Stepan Specialty Products B.V. and Stepan Asia Pte. Ltd. (the “Restricted Group”). Under the most restrictive of these debt covenants:

The Company believes it was in compliance with all of its loan agreements as of December 31, 2015. Based on current projections, the Company believes it will be in compliance with its loan agreements throughout 2016.

30

Contractual Obligations

At December 31, 2015, the Company’s contractual obligations, including estimated payments by period, were as follows:

The above table does not include $101.9 million of other non-current liabilities recorded on the balance sheet at December 31, 2015, as summarized in Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements.  The significant non-current liabilities excluded from the table are defined benefit pension, deferred compensation, environmental and legal liabilities and unrecognized tax benefits for which payment periods cannot be reasonably determined. In addition, deferred income tax liabilities are excluded from the table due to the uncertainty of their timing.

Pension Plans

The Company sponsors a number of defined benefit pension plans, the most significant of which cover employees in its U.S. and U.K. locations.  The U.S. and U.K. plans are frozen, and service benefit accruals are no longer being made.  The funded status (pretax) of the Company’s defined benefit pension plans improved $5.7 million year over year, from $43.2 million underfunded at December 31, 2014, to $37.5 million underfunded at December 31, 2015.  The effects of year-over-year increases in the discount rates used to measure pension obligations (30- and 50-point increases for the U.S. and U.K. plans, respectively) and a change in mortality assumptions, partially offset by less than expected pension asset performance, accounted for the improvement.

The Company contributed $0.6 million to its funded defined benefit plans in 2015. In 2016, the Company expects to contribute a total of $0.4 million to the U.K. defined benefit plan. As a result of pension funding relief included in the Highway and Transportation Funding Act of 2014, the Company has no 2016 contribution requirement to the U.S. pension plans. Payments to participants in the unfunded non-qualified plans should approximate $0.2 million in 2016, which is the same as payments made in 2015.

Letters of Credit

The Company maintains standby letters of credit under its workers’ compensation insurance agreements and for other purposes as needed. The insurance letters of credit are renewed annually and amended to the amounts required by the insurance agreements. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had a total of $4.7 million in outstanding standby letters of credit.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Securities and Exchange Commission requires disclosure of off-balance sheet arrangements that either have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on the Company’s financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.  During the periods covered by this Form 10-K, the Company was not party to any such off-balance sheet arrangements.

Environmental and Legal Matters

The Company’s operations are subject to extensive local, state and federal regulations. Although the Company’s environmental policies and practices are designed to ensure compliance with these regulations, future developments and increasingly stringent environmental regulation may require the Company to make additional environmental expenditures. The Company will continue to

31

invest in the equipment and facilities necessary to comply with existing and future regulations.  During 2015, the Company’s expenditures for capital projects related to the environment were $1.7 million. These projects are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives, which are typically 10 years. Recurring costs associated with the operation and maintenance of facilities for waste treatment and disposal and managing environmental compliance in ongoing operations at the Company’s manufacturing locations were approximately $22.1 million for 2015, $21.2 million for 2014 and $18.7 million for 2013. While difficult to project, it is not anticipated that these recurring expenses will increase significantly in the near future.

Over the years, the Company has received requests for information related to or has been named by the government as a potentially responsible party at a number of waste disposal sites where cleanup costs have been or may be incurred under CERCLA and similar state statutes. In addition, damages are being claimed against the Company in general liability actions for alleged personal injury or property damage in the case of some disposal and plant sites. The Company believes that it has made adequate provisions for the costs it may incur with respect to the sites. See the Critical Accounting Policies section that follows for a discussion of the Company’s environmental liabilities accounting policy.  After partial remediation payments at certain sites, the Company has estimated a range of possible environmental and legal losses from $20.9 million to $41.4 million at December 31, 2015, compared to $21.9 million to $41.8 million at December 31, 2014. At December 31, 2015, the Company’s accrued liability for such losses, which represented the Company’s best estimate within the estimated range of possible environmental and legal losses, was $20.9 million compared to $22.0 million at December 31, 2014. Because the liabilities accrued are estimates, actual amounts could differ from the amounts reported. During 2015, cash outlays related to legal and environmental matters approximated $2.7 million compared to $1.2 million expended in 2014.

For certain sites, the Company has responded to information requests made by federal, state or local government agencies but has received no response confirming or denying the Company’s stated positions. As such, estimates of the total costs, or range of possible costs, of remediation, if any, or the Company’s share of such costs, if any, cannot be determined with respect to these sites. Consequently, the Company is unable to predict the effect thereof on the Company’s financial position, cash flows and results of operations. Given the information available, management believes the Company has no liability at these sites. However, in the event of one or more adverse determinations with respect to such sites in any annual or interim period, the effect on the Company’s cash flows and results of operations for those periods could be material. Based upon the Company’s present knowledge with respect to its involvement at these sites, the possibility of other viable entities’ responsibilities for cleanup, and the extended period over which any costs would be incurred, the Company believes that these matters, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position.

See Item 3, Legal Proceedings, in this Form 10-K and Note 16, Contingencies, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of the significant environmental proceedings related to certain environmental sites.

Outlook

In 2016, the Company expects to build on the momentum generated in 2015.  The business should benefit from a full year of higher commodity sulfonation volumes in North America and continued growth in core polymer markets.  Benefits from the Company’s product and end-market diversification efforts, as well as lower costs associated with restructured activities, should positively impact 2016.  Start-up expenses and lower growth rates in China will negatively impact Polymer performance.  Both Surfactants and Polymers will experience higher costs during the fourth quarter due to a thirty-day government mandated shutdown of the Company’s facility in Germany.  Specialty Products should improve on lower costs from structural actions taken in 2015.

32

Climate Change Legislation

Based on currently available information, the Company does not believe that existing or pending climate change legislation or regulation is reasonably likely to have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Critical Accounting Policies

The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (generally accepted accounting principles). Preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  The following is a summary of the accounting policies the Company believes are the most important to aid in understanding its financial results:

Deferred Compensation

The Company sponsors deferred compensation plans that allow management employees to defer receipt of their annual bonuses and outside directors to defer receipt of their fees until retirement, departure from the Company or as elected by the participant.  The plans allow for the deferred compensation to grow or decline based on the results of investment options chosen by the participants.  The investment options include Company common stock and a limited selection of mutual funds.  The Company funds the obligations associated with these plans by purchasing investment assets that match the investment choices made by the plan participants. A sufficient number of shares of treasury stock are maintained on hand to cover the equivalent number of shares that result from participants electing the Company common stock investment option.  As a result, the Company must periodically purchase its common shares in the open market. Upon retirement or departure from the Company, participants receive cash amounts equivalent to the payment date value of the investment choices they have made or Company common stock shares equal to the number of share equivalents held in the accounts.  

Some plan distributions may be made in cash or Company common stock at the option of the participant.  Other plan distributions can only be made in Company common stock. For deferred compensation obligations that may be settled in cash, the Company must record appreciation in the market value of the investment choices made by participants as additional compensation expense.  Conversely, declines in the value of Company stock or the mutual funds result in a reduction of compensation expense since such declines reduce the cash obligation of the Company as of the date of the financial statements.  These market price movements may result in significant period-to-period fluctuations in the Company’s income.  The increases or decreases in compensation expenses attributable to market price movements are reported in the operating expenses section of the consolidated statements of income. Because the obligations that must be settled only in Company common stock are treated as equity instruments, fluctuations in the market price of the underlying Company stock do not affect earnings.

At December 31, 2015, the Company’s deferred compensation liability was $44.0 million, of which approximately 57 percent represented deferred compensation tied to the performance of the Company’s common stock; the remainder was tied to the mutual fund investment choices.  A $1.00 increase in the market price of the Company’s common stock will result in approximately $0.5 million of additional compensation expense.  A $1.00 reduction in the market price of the common stock will reduce compensation expense by a like amount.  The expense or income associated with the mutual fund component will generally fluctuate in line with the overall percentage increase or decrease of the U.S. stock markets.

The mutual fund assets related to the deferred compensation plans are recorded on the Company’s balance sheet at cost when acquired and adjusted to their market values at the end of each reporting period.  As allowed by generally accepted accounting principles, the Company elected the fair value option for recording the mutual fund investment assets.  Therefore, market value changes for the mutual fund investment assets are recorded in the income statement in the same periods that the offsetting changes in the deferred compensation liabilities are recorded.  Dividends, capital gains distributed by the mutual funds, unrealized gains and losses and realized gains and losses from sales of mutual fund shares, are recognized as investment income or loss in the other, net line of the consolidated statements of income.

Environmental Liabilities

It is the Company’s accounting policy to record environmental liabilities when environmental assessments and/or remedial efforts are probable and the cost or range of possible costs can be reasonably estimated.  When no amount within a range of possible costs is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount in the range is accrued.  Some of the factors on which the Company bases its estimates include information provided by feasibility studies, potentially responsible party negotiations and the development of remedial action plans.

33

Estimates for environmental liabilities are subject to significant fluctuations as new facts emerge related to the various sites where the Company is exposed to liability for the remediation of environmental contamination.  See the Environmental and Legal Matters section of this MD&A for discussion of the Company’s recorded liabilities and range of loss estimates.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized upon shipment of goods to customers, at which time title and risk of loss pass to the customer. For arrangements where the Company consigns product to a customer location, revenue is recognized when the customer uses the inventory.  The Company records shipping and handling billed to a customer in a sales transaction as revenue.  Costs incurred for shipping and handling are recorded in cost of sales.  Volume discounts due customers are estimated and recorded in the same period as the sales to which the discounts relate and are reported as reductions of revenue in the consolidated statements of income.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, included in Part II, Item 8, for information on recent accounting pronouncements which affect the Company.

34

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RISK

Because the Company operates globally, its cash flows and operating results are subject to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Except as noted below, substantially all the Company’s foreign subsidiaries’ financial instruments are denominated in their respective functional currencies.

The Company uses forward contracts to mitigate the exposure of certain foreign currency transactions and balances to fluctuating exchange rates. At December 31, 2015, the Company had forward contracts to sell $19.6 million on behalf of subsidiaries in Canada, Mexico, China, Poland, and the Philippines. The Company also had forward contracts to sell EUR 10.2 million on behalf of subsidiaries in Poland and the UK and a forward contract to sell GBP 0.4 million on behalf of its subsidiary in France.  The fair value of all forward contracts as of December 31, 2015, was a net liability of $0.2 million. As of December 31, 2015, the potential reduction in the Company’s earnings resulting from the impact of hypothetical adverse changes in exchange rates on the fair value of its outstanding foreign currency contracts of 10 percent for all currencies would have been $3.1 million.

Except for the Company’s subsidiaries in Brazil and Colombia, foreign currency exposures are substantially hedged by forward contracts. At December 31, 2015, currency exposures not covered by forward contracts were insignificant.

INTEREST RATES

The Company’s debt was made up of fixed-rate and variable-rate borrowings totaling $322.1 million and $10.5 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2015. For 2016, it is projected that interest on short-term variable-rate borrowings will total approximately $0.5 million. A hypothetical 10 percent average change to short-term interest rates would result in less than a $0.1 million increase or decrease to interest expense for 2016.

The fair value of the Company’s long term fixed-rate debt, including current maturities, was estimated to be $320.7 million as of December 31, 2015, which was approximately $1.4 million below the carrying value. Market risk was estimated as the potential increase to the fair value that would result from a hypothetical 10 percent decrease in the Company’s weighted average long-term borrowing rates at December 31, 2015, or $20.8 million.

COMMODITY PRICE RISK

Certain raw materials used in the manufacture of the Company’s products are subject to price volatility caused by weather, petroleum price fluctuations, general economic demand and other unpredictable factors. Increased raw material costs are recovered from customers as quickly as the marketplace allows; however, certain contractual arrangements allow for price changes only on a quarterly basis, and competitive pressures sometimes prevent the recovery of cost increases from customers, particularly in periods where there is excess industry capacity. As a result, for some product lines or market segments it may take time to recover raw material price increases. Periodically, firm purchase commitments are entered into which fix the price of a specific commodity that will be delivered at a future time. Forward purchase contracts are used to aid in managing the Company’s natural gas costs. At December 31, 2015, the Company had open forward contracts for the purchase of 1.1 million dekatherms of natural gas at a cost of $3.6 million. Because the Company has agreed to fixed prices for the noted quantity of natural gas, a hypothetical 10 percent fluctuation in the price of natural gas would cause the Company’s actual natural gas cost to be $0.4 million higher or lower than the cost at market price.

35

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

The following statements and data are included in this item:

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Statements of Income (For years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013)

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (For years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013)

Consolidated Balance Sheets (December 31, 2015 and 2014)

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow (For years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013)

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (For years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Selected Quarterly Financial Data

36

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Stepan Company

Northfield, Illinois

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Stepan Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Stepan Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 24, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Chicago, Illinois

February 24, 2016

37

Stepan Company

Consolidated Statements of Income

For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013