Superior Drilling Products, Inc. - Annual Report: 2019 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2019

or

For the Transition Period from ____________ to ____________

Commission File Number 001-36453

SUPERIOR DRILLING PRODUCTS, INC.

(Name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Issuer’s Telephone Number: 435-789-0594

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. [  ] Yes [X] No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange. [  ] Yes [X] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [  ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). [X] Yes [  ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). [  ] Yes [X] No

The registrant had issued and outstanding 25,418,126 shares of its common stock on March 16, 2020.

Documents incorporated by reference: NONE.

SUPERIOR DRILLING PRODUCTS, INC.

FORM 10-K

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes certain statements that may be deemed to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Statements contained in all parts of this document that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties that are beyond the control of Superior Drilling Products, Inc. (the “Company” or “SDPI”). You can identify the Company’s forward-looking statements by the words “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “may,” “project,” “believe” and similar expressions, or by the Company’s discussion of strategies or trends. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, no assurances can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct. The forward-looking statements contained in or incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K are largely based on our expectations, which reflect estimates and assumptions made by our management. These estimates and assumptions reflect our best judgment based on currently known market conditions and other factors. Although we believe such estimates and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently uncertain and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that are beyond our control, including:

Many of these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. These factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the general or specific factors that may affect us.

In addition, management’s assumptions about future events may prove to be inaccurate. All readers are cautioned that the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are not guarantees of future performance, and we cannot assure any reader that such statements will be realized or that the forward-looking events and circumstances will occur. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements due to factors described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this prospectus and in the documents that we include as exhibits to this Annual Report, and our subsequent SEC filings. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. We do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Our Company

Superior Drilling Products, Inc. (the “Company”, “SDPI”, “we”, “our” or “us”) is an innovative drilling and completion tool technology company providing cost saving solutions that drive drilling efficiencies for the oil and natural gas drilling and completions industry. Our headquarters and manufacturing operations are located in Vernal, Utah. Our drilling solutions include the patented Drill-N-Ream® well bore conditioning tool (“Drill-N-Ream tool”) and the patented Strider™ Drill String Oscillation System technology (“Strider technology” or “Strider”). In addition, the Company is a manufacturer and refurbisher of PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) drill bits for a leading oil field services company. We operate a state-of-the-art drill tool fabrication facility, where we manufacture solutions for the drilling industry, as well as customers’ custom products.

We were incorporated on December 10, 2013 under the name SD Company, Inc. in order to facilitate (a) the reorganization of the entities that are now our consolidated subsidiaries and (b) the subsequent acquisition of Hard Rock Solutions, LLC (“HR”). We changed our name from SD Company Inc. to Superior Drilling Products, Inc. on May 22, 2014 in conjunction with closing of that reorganization and our initial public offering, which occurred on May 23, 2014 (“Offering” or “IPO”). Our corporate headquarters and manufacturing operations are located in Vernal, Utah. Our common stock trades on the NYSE MKT exchange under the ticker symbol “SDPI”.

Our subsidiaries include (a) Superior Drilling Solutions, LLC (previously known as Superior Drilling Products, LLC), a Utah limited liability company (“SDS”), together with its wholly owned subsidiary Superior Design and Fabrication, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“SDF”), (b) Extreme Technologies, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“ET”), (c) Meier Properties Series, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“MPS”), (d) Meier Leasing, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“ML”), and (e) HR.

We innovate, design, engineer, manufacture, sell, and repair drilling and completion tools in the United States, Canada, and the Middle East region.

We currently have three basic operations:

Our strategy for growth is to leverage our expertise in drill tool technology and precision machining in order to broaden our product offerings and solutions for the oil and gas industry. We believe through our patented technologies, as well as technologies under development, that we can offer the industry the solutions it demands to improve drilling efficiencies and reduce production costs.

Our co-founder, Troy Meier, developed the first commercially-viable process for refurbishing PDC drill bits after a successful 13-year career with a predecessor of Baker Hughes Inc. He was also co-inventor of the patented Drill-N-Ream® well bore conditioning tool (“Drill-N-Ream tool” or “DnR”). We made a major strategic shift in 2016 to focus on our core competencies of innovation in manufacturing technologies, creation of solutions for the upstream oil and gas industry, drilling tool fleet maintenance and repair and the development engineering and manufacture of new tools and technologies.

For the past 25 years, we have manufactured and refurbished PDC drill bits exclusively for Baker Hughes’s oilfield operations in the Rocky Mountain, California and Alaska regions, as well as other areas as needed to support their internal operations. Effective April 1, 2018, we entered into a new Vendor Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations LLC (“Baker Hughes”), replacing our former Vendor Agreement, which expired on March 31, 2018. Under the agreement, we will now serve an expanded market throughout the U.S., receive a base minimum volume in drill bit refurbishment and continue to provide our drill bit refurbishment services exclusively for Baker Hughes. The agreement has a four-year term and allows for modifications in the event of market deterioration. Either party has the right to cancel the agreement with 6-months’ notice.

We have been expanding our offerings and broadening our customer base and the end-users of our technologies by demonstrating our engineering, design and manufacturing expertise of down-hole drilling tools. In addition to the patented Drill-N-Ream tool, our products include the patented Strider™ Drill String Oscillation System (“Strider technology”), the V-Stream Advanced Conditioning System and the Dedicated Reamer Stinger. We have under design and development a suite of other horizontal drill string tools, each of which addresses a different technical challenge presented by today’s horizontal drilling processes. In addition, we work with our customers to develop new products and enhancements to existing products in order to improve efficiency and safety and solve complex drilling problems.

In May 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with Drilling Tools International (“DTI”), under which DTI purchases our Drill-N-Ream tool for their rental tool business. We receive revenue from DTI for tool sales, tool repairs and a royalty fee based on the tools usage. Pursuant to the agreement, DTI must achieve certain market share requirements in order to maintain exclusive marketing rights for the Drill-N-Ream in the U.S. and Canada, both onshore and offshore. DTI has not achieved the defined market share goals and, therefore, does not currently have exclusive rights to market the Drill-N-Ream. The Company can work with other customers to expand the market reach of the Drill-N-Ream and plans to do so.

Also, in 2016, the Company entered into a non-exclusive agreement with Baker Hughes to supply them with the Strider technology and related services. The agreement has no set expiration date or minimum shipment requirement. It will remain in force until it is canceled by either us or Baker Hughes.

In December 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with Weatherford U.S., L.P. (“Weatherford”) to launch a joint market development program to introduce our Drill-N-Ream tool in the Middle East. Under the development agreement, Weatherford and SDPI would demonstrate the Drill-N-Ream’s capabilities with large Middle East operators in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Oman. The program ended January 31, 2019 and the companies are now operating under a new equipment rental agreement that was executed on June 15, 2019 for a one year term. The new equipment rental agreement established Drill-N-Ream pricing in Kuwait. Any work performed outside of Kuwait is not in the scope of the new rental agreement, and pricing will be established for that work on a proposal basis.

In November 2018, we entered into a joint market development agreement with Odfjell Drilling and a Back-to-Back subcontract agreement. Similar to the Weatherford agreement, this program was intended to further the introduction of our Drill-N-Ream tool to large Middle East operators in Kuwait. The program ended October 31, 2019, however an amendment to the Back-to-Back subcontract agreement was executed in October 2019 for a one year term. This Amendment amended and established new terms for pricing, equipment operations and equipment maintenance.

The Company is also now providing the Drill-N-Ream tool to National Energy Services Reunited Corp. (“NESR”) in Kuwait under a pricing and operating agreement executed on June 24, 2019 with a one year term.

Our Products

Drill-N-Ream Tool. The Drill-N-Ream tool is a dual-section wellbore conditioning tool which is located approximately 150 feet behind the bottom hole assembly (BHA). The Drill-N-Ream smooths and slightly enlarges the well drift in all sections of horizontal wells, in both oil and water-based mud. The Drill-N-Ream tool is available in multiple sizes and can be custom manufactured to accommodate most drill hole sizes. Concurrently as the well bore is being drilled, the Drill-N-Ream tool conditions the well bore. It reduces tortuosity resulting from the geo-steering drill bit, and the overcorrections and formation interactions that occur during directional drilling. With the well bore conditioned by the Drill-N-Ream, the drill string is then able to move through the conditioned well bore with less friction and stress. In effect, the Drill-N-Ream accelerates drilling speed and extends the horizontal distance of the well bore by:

(a) Smoothing out ledges and doglegs left by the bit, which allows the drill string to move through a conditioned well bore with less friction and stress,

(b) Reducing tool joint damages and trip time (i.e. the time required to remove and reinsert the drill string),

(c) Enhancing the power available to drive the drill bit assembly,

(d) Extending the horizontal distance that can be drilled during a run,

(e) Improving the running of casing in the completed well much easier, and

(f) Tripping out of the hole on elevators, rotation not required.

The number of “trips” required by the operator, or the number of times the drill string has to be removed and reinserted, is reduced as a result of the Drill-N-Ream. Each time a drilling operator has to trip the drill string and replace a bit or other drill string component, it costs the operator substantial time and money, so we believe anything that allows each run to extend further without additional tripping is of great value to our customers. Traditional methods for conditioning the well bore entails removing the drill string and running a dedicated reamer through the well bore, typically in two separate runs. The Drill-N-Ream tool eliminates the need for dedicated reamer runs, and therefore reduces the cost of drilling a horizontal well.

We believe that the Drill-N-Ream’s rapid adoption and continued use by operators validates its effectiveness and industry acceptance. In fact, leading operators have begun to standardize their drilling assembly with a Drill-N-Ream tool. In addition, we understand that a number of customers have rented the Drill-N-Ream tool after first trying competitive products. We expect the above factors to support increasing interest in, and revenue from, the Drill-N-Ream tool over the next several years as more well operators’ reports of its effectiveness are transmitted through word-of-mouth by an increasing user base to other well operators globally.

Strider Technology. The Strider technology utilizes its unique patented design to reduce drill string friction on horizontal wells, resulting in improved rates of penetration and cost savings. The Strider technology is designed to help dissipate the inertial drag of a horizontal drill string by generating rhythmic pulses that break the frictional connection between the drill strings and well bore greatly enhancing drilling rates. Its revolutionary engineering provides a cost-effective alternative to conventional downhole vibration tools.

The Strider technology is composed of two main parts, a hydraulic channeling chamber (HCC) and a rhythmic pulsation chamber (RPC). The RPC contains a precisely engineered, high speed pulse-valve that systematically restricts flow area. During flow restriction, or “closure”, the ideal amount of fluid is allowed to continue down hole. This perfectly controlled hydraulic flow produces an optimal pulse frequency, which is preferred for bottom hole assembly equipment. The optimal pulse frequency also allows for placement of the Strider technology closer to the bit than typical oscillation tools.

We believe that our Strider technology is at the forefront of drill string tool technological development for horizontal drilling. We also believe our Strider technology offers significant advantages over our competitors drill string stimulation tools.

V-Stream advanced conditioning system (“V-Stream”). The V-Stream tool is an integral spiral blade stabilizer and is engineered to combine stabilization with reaming. A cavity or plenum in the middle of the blades facilitates enhanced fluid flow for cuttings transport and reduces torque when compared with typical stabilizers with similar overall blade length. Non-active cutters at gauge enable the V-Stream to remove formation and condition the hole while controlling deviation. With these unique features, the V-Stream will stabilize the BHA and condition the hole simultaneously to optimize the drilling operations.

Our Strategy for Growth

We intend to pursue the following growth strategies as we seek to expand our market share and solidify our position as a competitive drilling tool manufacturer in the drilling industry:

Leverage highly advanced tool technologies. We currently have two highly differentiated advanced drilling tool technologies that address challenges encountered in the oil and gas drilling marketplace.

Expand our channels to market. We are leveraging existing distribution channels in the exploration and production industry. As noted earlier, in May 2016, we entered into an agreement with DTI, establishing DTI as the distributor of our patented Drill-N-Ream tool in the United States and Canada onshore and offshore markets. As a result of this agreement, our technology has penetrated the market more efficiently leveraging DTI’s long-term relationships with end users. We are also evaluating opportunities to further our reach into North America market.

We are expanding our channels to market and our geographic presence, especially in the Middle East as evidenced by agreements that we entered into with Weatherford in December 2017, Odfjell Drilling in November 2018 and NESR in 2019. We expect to add additional distributors as we expand our tool offering. We also expect to leverage our distributor and customer relationships to identify needs for new tool development and to use these channels to market a broadened product offering as it is developed.

Strengthen and support our employees. Our experienced employees and management team are some of our most valuable resources. Attracting, training, and retaining key personnel, has been and will continue to be critical to our success. To achieve our goals, we intend to remain focused on providing our employees with training, personal and professional growth opportunities, as well as adding performance-based incentives, including opportunities for stock ownership, and other competitive benefits. We are also working with the local university and high school to develop and teach local programs in machining and engineering expertise and technical resources.

Seek strategic acquisitions to enhance or expand our product lines. While capital constraints are currently requiring us to focus on organic growth, we may identify new technologies to add to our arsenal of tools for the exploration and production industry. In analyzing new acquisitions, we intend to pursue opportunities that complement our existing product line and/or that are geographically situated within our current market. We believe that strategic acquisitions will enable us to exploit economies of scale in the areas of finance, human resources, marketing, administration, information technology, and legal, while also providing cross-marketing opportunities among our drill tool product offerings.

New Product Development and Intellectual Property

Our sales and earnings are influenced by our ability to successfully provide the high-level service and state-of-the-art products that our customers demand, which in turn relies on our ability to develop new processes, technology, and products. We have also historically dedicated additional resources toward the development of new technology and equipment to enhance the effectiveness, safety, and efficiency of the products and services we provide. We expect that with our extensive knowledge and experience in the oilfield industry, we can identify additional challenges with directional drilling, and then design and develop tools that will help our customers with their drilling challenges. Further development of additional drill string components will become increasingly important to our business as we continue to grow through both organic expansion and strategic acquisitions.

Research and development costs were approximately $1,427,000 for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared with $1,265,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018. Costs included in research and development included payroll for engineers, materials for Strider, legal costs relating to our patents, and third party engineering costs. Research and development costs represented 8% of our 2019 revenue as we continued to maintain our commitment to new product development.

Although we highly value our proprietary products and technology, we also depend on our technological capabilities, customer service-oriented culture, and application of our know-how to distinguish ourselves from our competitors. We also consider the services and products we provide to our customers, our customer relationships, and the technical knowledge and skill of our personnel, to be more important than our registered intellectual property in our ability to compete. While we stress the importance of our research and development programs, the technical challenges and market uncertainties associated with the development and successful introduction of new and updated products are such that we cannot assure investors that we will realize any particular amount of future revenue from the services and related products resulting from our research and development programs.

Suppliers and Raw Materials

We acquire supplies, component parts, products and raw materials from suppliers, including steel suppliers, foundries, forge shops and original equipment manufacturers. The prices we pay for our raw materials may be affected by, among other things, energy, industrial diamond, steel and other commodity prices, tariffs and duties on imported materials and foreign currency exchange rates. Certain of our component parts, products or specific raw materials are only available from a limited number of suppliers.

Our ability to obtain suitable quality raw materials and components, such as PDC’s, steel and flux, solder and heating elements, is critical to our ability to remanufacture Baker Hughes drill bits, and to manufacture the Drill-N-Ream tool and Strider technology tools and other future drill line products. In order to purchase raw materials and components in timely and cost-effective manner, we have developed both domestic and international sourcing connections and arrangements. We maintain quality assurance and testing programs to analyze and test these raw materials and components in order to assure their compliance with our rigorous specifications and standards. We generally try to purchase our raw materials from multiple suppliers, so we are not dependent on any one supplier, but this is not always possible.

The price and availability of commodities and components, in particular steel, can have an impact on our operations. We have no assurance that we will be able to continue to purchase these raw materials on a timely basis or at historical prices.

Proprietary Rights

We rely primarily on a combination of patent, trade secret, copyright and trademark laws, confidentiality procedures, and other intellectual property protection methods to protect our proprietary technology. Mr. Meier currently has U.S. patent applications pending, and related international patent applications pending as co-inventor, and individually with respect to the Strider technology and other pending drilling tools. There is no assurance that our patent applications will result in issued patents, that the existing patents or that any future patents issued to us will provide any competitive advantages for their products or technology, or that, if challenged, the patents issued to us will be held valid and enforceable. Despite our precautions, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products or obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. Existing intellectual property laws afford only limited protection and policing violations of such laws is difficult. The laws of certain countries in which our products are or may be used by our customers do not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. There is no assurance that these protections will be adequate or that our competitors will not independently develop similar technology, gain access to our trade secrets or other proprietary information, or design around our patents.

We may be required to enter into costly litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights or to defend infringement claims by others. Such infringement claims could require us to license the intellectual property rights of third parties. There is no assurance that such licenses would be available on reasonable terms, or at all.

In February 2019, the Company filed a patent infringement lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana Lafayette Division asserting Stabil Drill Specialties, LLC (“Stabil Drill”) infringed on our patent that covers the Company’s well bore conditioning tool, the Drill-N-Ream. The court ordered the Company to serve discovery requests upon Stabil Drill and gave Stabil Drill deadlines to respond and produce documents and permit an inspection of the Accused Product. Stabil Drill filed a motion for summary judgement and the Company is in the process of responding and cross-moving for patent infringement. We cannot predict the outcome of this matter, but our legal costs could have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations in future periods.

Competition

Drill Bit Refurbishing. The primary competitors for our drill bit refurbishing services are the in-house units at Hughes Christensen, the division of Baker Hughes responsible for drill bits. Other drill bit manufacturers also have in-house refurbishing units, but they are not our competitors because of our exclusive contract with Baker Hughes.

Drilling Enhancement Tools. The primary competitors for our Drill-N-Ream tool are several single-section reaming tool manufacturers, including Baker Oil Tools (a division of Baker Hughes), NOV, Schlumberger and Tercel, and one dual-section reaming tool manufactured by Stabil Drill (which is the subject of the lawsuit described above). We believe that the Drill-N-Ream tool is the only patented dual-section or dual cutting structure drill string reamer on the market today. We believe that distinction will allow us to continue building on the Drill-N-Ream tool’s first-mover advantage.

We believe that our Strider technology is at the forefront of drill string tool technological development for horizontal drilling. There are existing tools that would compete with the Strider, such as the Agitator tool marketed by NOV. However, we believe our Strider technology offers significant advantages over the Agitator.

Customers

Our customer agreements provide certain exclusive rights in our U.S. and Canada markets and therefore result in a high concentration of revenue dependent upon a limited number of customers. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, two customers represented 92% and 95% of our total revenue, respectively.

Manufacturing

We manufacture our solutions, as well as custom products, in our state-of-the-art drill tool fabrication facility where we operate a technologically-advanced PDC drill bit refurbishing facility, as well as a state-of-the-art, high-tech drilling and completion tool engineering design and manufacturing operation. We manufacture our drill string enhancement tools, including the patented Drill- N-Ream tool and the patented Strider technology, and conduct our new product research and development from this facility.

We employ a senior work force with specialized training and extensive experience related to drill bit refurbishing and drill and completion tool manufacturing. They produce our products and services using a suite of highly technical, purpose-built equipment, much of which we design and manufacture for our proprietary use. Our manufacturing equipment and products use advanced technologies that enable us to increase efficiency, enhance product integrity, improve efficiency and safety, and solve complex drilling tool problems.

Cyclicality

We are substantially dependent on conditions in the oil and gas industry, including the level of exploration, development and production activity of, and the corresponding capital spending by, oil and natural gas companies. The level of exploration, development and production activity is directly affected by trends in oil and natural gas prices, which has historically been volatile, and by capital spending discipline imposed by customers.

Declines, as well as anticipated declines, in oil and gas prices could negatively affect the level of these activities and capital spending, which could adversely affect demand for our products and services and, in certain instances, result in the cancellation, modification or rescheduling of existing and expected orders and the ability of our customers to pay us for our products and services. These factors could have an adverse effect on our revenue and profitability.

Seasonality

Our business is not significantly impacted by seasonality, although our fourth quarter has historically been negatively impacted by holidays and our clients’ budget cycles. A small portion of the revenue we generate from selected operations may benefit from higher first quarter activity levels, as operators take advantage of the winter freeze to gain access to remote drilling and production areas. In the past, some of our revenue in Alaska and Canada has declined during the second quarter due to warming weather conditions that resulted in thawing, softer ground, difficulty accessing drill sites and road bans that curtailed drilling activity.

Environmental, Health and Safety Regulation

Our operations are subject to numerous stringent and complex laws and regulations governing the discharge of materials into the environment, health and safety aspects of our operations, or otherwise relating to human health and environmental protection, and we have put a strong focus on these issues.

We designed and built our Vernal facility as a fully-contained business park, except for the city sewer connection. Underlying our entire facility, including parking lots and runoff storage areas, is a complete capture and containment field that collects all building drainage and ground run off in isolated tanks. Captured drainage and runoff, as well as all hazardous waste generated in our manufacturing processes is regularly removed from our facility by a certified hazardous waste disposal company. Any changes in environmental laws and regulations or in enforcement policies that result in more stringent and costly waste handling, storage, transport, disposal, or remediation requirements could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial position. Moreover, accidental releases or spills of regulated substances may occur in the course of our operations, and we cannot assure you that we will not incur significant costs and liabilities as a result of such releases or spills, including any third-party claims for damage to property, natural resources or persons. Failure to comply with these laws or regulations or to obtain or comply with permits may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, imposition of remedial or corrective action requirements, and the imposition of orders or injunctions to prohibit or restrict certain activities or force future compliance.

The following is a summary of the more significant existing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations to which our business operations are subject and for which compliance could have a material adverse impact on our capital expenditures, results of operations or financial position.

Hazardous Substances and Waste. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”) and comparable state statutes, regulate the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, disposal and cleanup of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. Under the auspices of the EPA, the individual states administer some or all of the provisions of RCRA, sometimes in conjunction with their own, more stringent requirements. We are required to manage hazardous and non-hazardous wastes in compliance with RCRA and its state counterparts.

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”), also known as the Superfund law, imposes joint and several liability, without regard to fault or legality of conduct, on classes of persons who are considered to be responsible for the release of a hazardous substance into the environment. These persons include the owner or operator of the site where the release occurred, and anyone who disposed or arranged for the disposal of a hazardous substance released at the site. We currently own, lease, or operate numerous properties that have been used for manufacturing and other operations for many years. We also contract with waste removal services and landfills. These properties and the substances disposed or released on them may be subject to CERCLA, RCRA and analogous state laws. Under such laws, we could be required to remove previously disposed substances and wastes, remediate contaminated property, or perform remedial operations to prevent future contamination. In addition, it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by hazardous substances released into the environment.

Water Discharges. The Federal Water Pollution Control Act (the “Clean Water Act”) and analogous state laws impose restrictions and strict controls with respect to the discharge of pollutants, including spills and leaks of oil and other substances, into “Waters of the United States,” including wetlands. The discharge of pollutants into regulated waters is prohibited, except in accordance with the terms of a permit issued by the EPA or an analogous state agency. A responsible party includes the owner or operator of a facility from which a discharge occurs. The Clean Water Act and analogous state laws provide for administrative, civil and criminal penalties for unauthorized discharges and, together with the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, impose rigorous requirements for spill prevention and response planning, as well as substantial potential liability for the costs of removal, remediation, and damages in connection with any unauthorized discharges. Further, proposed revisions to the definition of “Waters of the United States” have been subject to judicial challenges and administrative action, resulting in uncertainty as to the scope of the regulatory definition. Our obligations under the Clean Water Act could be expanded when the definition of “Waters of the United States” is ultimately resolved. 

Employee Health and Safety. We are subject to a number of federal and state laws and regulations, including OSHA and comparable state statutes, establishing requirements to protect the health and safety of workers. In addition, the OSHA hazard communication standard, the EPA community right-to-know regulations under Title III of the federal Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act and comparable state statutes require that information be maintained concerning hazardous materials used, stored, produced or released in our operations and that this information be provided to employees, state and local government authorities and the public. Substantial fines and penalties can be imposed and orders or injunctions limiting or prohibiting certain operations may be issued in connection with any failure to comply with laws and regulations relating to worker health and safety.

Insurance and Risk Management

We maintain insurance coverage of types and amounts that we believe to be customary and reasonable for companies of our size and with similar operations. In accordance with industry practice, however, we do not maintain insurance coverage against all of the operating risks to which our business is exposed. Therefore, there is a risk our insurance program may not be sufficient to cover any particular loss or all losses.

Currently, our insurance program includes, among other things, general liability, umbrella liability, sudden and accidental pollution, personal property, vehicle, workers’ compensation, directors and officers and employer’s liability coverage. Our insurance includes various limits and deductibles or retentions, which must be met prior to or in conjunction with recovery.

Employees

As of December 31, 2019, we had 63 full-time employees compared with 65 full-time employees at the same time in December 2018. We generally have been able to locate and engage highly qualified employees as needed. None of our employees are covered by an ongoing collective bargaining agreement, and we have experienced no work stoppages. We consider our employee relations to be good.

Available Information

We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and certain other information with the SEC.

The SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. Any documents filed by us with the SEC, including this Annual Report, can be downloaded from the SEC’s website at www.SEC.gov.

Our principal executive offices are located at 1583 South 1700 East, Vernal, Utah, 84078, and our telephone number at that address is (435) 789-0594. Our website address is www.sdpi.com. Our periodic reports and other information filed with or furnished to the SEC are available, free of charge, through our website, as soon as reasonably practicable after those reports and other information are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Information on our website or any other website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report and does not constitute a part of this Annual Report.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

A decline in expenditures by the oil and gas industry could impact our revenue and income and result in an impairment of our assets.

Our business depends upon the condition of the oil and gas industry and, in particular, the willingness of oil and gas companies to make capital expenditures on exploration, drilling and production operations. The level of capital expenditures is generally dependent on the prevailing view of future oil and gas prices, which are influenced by numerous factors affecting the supply and demand for oil and gas, including:

During 2020, there have been dramatic changes in oil prices as a result of failed OPEC negotiations, including one of the worst single day drops in prices in 20 years. We expect continued volatility in both crude oil and natural gas prices, as well as in the level of drilling and production related activities, and we are unable to predict when or if prices will recover. Even during periods of high prices for oil and natural gas, companies exploring for oil and gas may cancel or curtail programs, seek to renegotiate contract terms, including the price of our products and services, or reduce their levels of capital expenditures for exploration and production for a variety of reasons. These risks are greater during periods of low or declining commodity prices. Continued significant or prolonged declines in hydrocarbon prices have had, and may continue to have, a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

We may be unable to maintain adequate liquidity and make payments on our debt.

At December 31, 2019, we had working capital of approximately $826,000. Our principal uses of cash are operating expenses, working capital requirements, capital expenditures and debt service payments. Our operational and financial strategies include lowering our operating costs and capital spending to match revenue trends, managing our working capital and debt to enhance liquidity.

While we believe that our borrowing capacity and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to fund our operations for 2020, our operational and financial strategies include managing our operating costs, working capital and debt to enhance liquidity. We will continue to work to grow revenue and review additional cost containment measures and be cash flow positive in 2020. If we are unable to do this, we may not be able to, among other things, (i) maintain our current general and administrative spending levels; (ii) fund certain obligations as they become due; and (iii) respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated capital requirements. We cannot provide any assurance that financing will be available to us in the future on acceptable terms.

As amended and restated effective November 21, 2018, the Hard Rock Note accrues interest at 7.25% per annum and matures and is fully payable on October 5, 2020. Under the current terms of Hard Rock Note, we are required to pay principal payments of $750,000 (plus accrued interest) on each of April 5, July 5 and October 5 in 2020. If we are unable to make the remaining payments required, we could lose our rights to market the Drill-N-Ream.

In February 2019, we entered into a $4,300,000 Credit Agreement comprised of an $800,000 Term Loan and a $3,500,000 Revolving Loan. In December 2019, we increased the Term Loan to $1,000,000. As of December 31, 2019, we had $1,000,000 outstanding on the Term Loan and $193,286 outstanding on the Revolving Loan. If we are unable to make required payments under the Credit Agreement, we would be in default thereunder, which would permit the holders of the indebtedness to accelerate the maturity thereof, unless we are able to obtain, on a timely basis, a necessary waiver or amendment. Any waiver or amendment may require us to revise the terms of the Credit Agreement which could increase the cost of our borrowings, require the payment of additional fees, and adversely impact the results of our operations. Upon the occurrence of any event of default that is not waived, the lenders could elect to exercise any of their available remedies, which include the right to not lend any additional amounts or, in the event we have outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, to declare any outstanding indebtedness, together which any accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable. If we are unable to repay the outstanding indebtedness, if any, under the Credit Agreement when due, the lenders would be permitted to proceed against their collateral and this could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

Failure to generate sufficient revenue to make payments on the Hard Rock Note could result in our loss of the patents securing such note.

The Hard Rock Note is secured by all of the patents, patents pending, other patent rights, and the Drill-N-Ream trademark purchased in the Hard Rock acquisition (the “Drill-N-Ream Collateral”). If we do not have the funds necessary to make the future payments under the Hard Rock Note and fail to make any payments as required thereunder, and we are unsuccessful in amending or restructuring the payment terms, the holder of the Hard Rock Note could conduct a foreclosure sale on the Drill-N-Ream Collateral in order to apply the proceeds thereof toward repayment of the Hard Rock Note and all foreclosure costs, and our subsidiary Superior Drilling Solutions, LLC would be liable for any shortfall or receive any excess from the sales proceeds. The failure to retain and use the Drill-N-Ream Collateral in our business could cause a significant loss of our investment and might have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operation, as well as our ability to grow our drill string tool business.

Our level of indebtedness could adversely affect our future ability to raise additional capital to fund growth, limit our ability to react to changes in our business or our industry and place us at a competitive disadvantage.

We are required to make remaining payments on the Hard Rock Note of $3.0 million per year (plus accrued interest) in 2020. In addition, we are required to make monthly payments of approximately $115,000 on our other indebtedness.

Our level of debt and debt service requirements could have important consequences. For example, it could (i) result in a foreclosure upon our key assets, (ii) increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, (iii) limit our ability to fund future capital expenditures and working capital, to engage in future acquisitions or development activities, or to otherwise realize the value of our assets and opportunities fully because of the need to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt, (iv) increase our cost of borrowing, (v) restrict us from making strategic acquisitions or causing us to make non-strategic divestitures, (vi) limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business or industry in which we operate, placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared with our competitors who are less leveraged and (vii) impair our ability to obtain additional financing in the future.

There may be significant annual and quarterly fluctuations in our operating results.

Significant annual and quarterly fluctuations in our results of operations may be caused by, among other factors, our volume of revenue, the timing of new product or service announcements, releases by us and our competitors in the marketplace of new products or services, seasonality and general economic conditions. There can be no assurance that the level of revenue achieved by us in any particular fiscal period will not be significantly lower than in other comparable fiscal periods. We believe quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our revenue and operating results are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied on as indicators of future performance. Our operating expenses are relatively fixed in the short term and are based on management’s expectations of future revenue. As a result, if future revenue is below expectations, net income or loss may be disproportionately affected by a reduction in revenue, as any corresponding reduction in expenses may not be proportionate to the reduction in revenue.

Our customer base is concentrated and the loss of, or nonperformance by, one or more of our significant customers could cause our revenue to decline substantially.

We had two large customers that comprised 92% of our total revenue in 2019 and 95% in 2018. It is likely that we will continue to derive a significant portion of our revenue from a relatively small number of customers in the future. If a major customer decided not to continue to use our services or has a significant reduction in its business, our revenue would decline and our operating results and financial condition could be harmed. In addition, we are subject to credit risk due to the concentration of our customer base. Any increase in the non-payment of and non-performance by our counterparties, either as a result of changes in financial and economic conditions or otherwise, could have a material effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition and could adversely affect our liquidity.

We must continue to develop new technologies, methodologies and products on a timely and cost-effective basis to satisfy the needs of our customers.

The drilling industry is driven primarily by cost minimization, and our strategy is aimed at reducing drilling costs through the application of new drill bit assembly and drill string tool technologies. Our continued success will depend on our ability to meet our customers’ changing needs, on a timely and cost-effective basis, by successfully enhancing our current products and processes; developing, producing and marketing new products and processes; and responding to evolving industry standards and other technological changes.

We cannot assure you that our products will be able to satisfy the specifications of our customers or that we will be able to perform the testing necessary to prove that the product specifications are satisfied in the future, or that the costs of modifications to our products to satisfy their requirements will not adversely affect our results of operations. Failure to meet our customer’s demand for services may adversely affect our business. We may encounter resource constraints, competition, or other difficulties that may delay our ability to expand our bit remanufacturing services to the level desired or required by our customer. If our products are unable to satisfy such requirements, or we are unable to perform any required testing, our customers may cancel their contracts and/or seek new suppliers, and our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial position may be adversely affected.

We have in the past identified material weaknesses, and if we fail to establish and maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis could be impaired, which could adversely affect our consolidated operating results, our ability to operate our business, our stock price and investors’ views of us.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to ensure that information regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, but in the past, we have identified material weaknesses in these controls. For example, in connection with management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting, management identified an additional deficiency that constituted a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018 relating to the errors in the accounting related to the Tronco loan and other complex non-routine non-cash transactions. We remediated this material weakness as of December 31, 2019. While we believe we have appropriately remediated the previously disclosed material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the accounting for the Tronco loan and other complex non-routine non-cash transactions, we can provide no assurances that other material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, will not be identified in the future.

Remediating our material weaknesses has required substantial management time and attention, and ensuring that we have adequate internal control over financial reporting and procedures in place to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis will continue to be a costly and time-consuming effort. Any failure to implement effective internal control over financial reporting in the future or to maintain the remediation of our identified control deficiencies may result in additional errors, material misstatements or delays in our financial reporting, failure to meet our financial reporting obligations or failure to avoid or detect fraud in our financial reporting. This in turn would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations and could have a substantial adverse impact on the trading price of our common stock and our relationships with customers and suppliers.

Our management does not expect that our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company will have been detected. As discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Audit Committee and management have identified control deficiencies in the past and may identify additional deficiencies in the future.

Our related party transactions with the Meiers and their affiliated entities may cause conflicts of interests that may adversely affect us.

We have entered into, and may, in the future, enter into various transactions and agreements with the Meiers and their affiliated entities. We believe that the transactions and agreements that we have entered into with the Meiers are on terms that are at least as favorable as could reasonably have been obtained at such time from third parties. However, these relationships could create, or appear to create, potential conflicts of interest when our board of directors is faced with decisions that could have different implications for us and the Meiers or their affiliates. The appearance of conflicts, even if such conflicts do not materialize, might adversely affect the public’s perception of us, as well as our relationship with other companies and our ability to enter into new relationships in the future, which may have a material adverse effect on our ability to do business.

Our customers’ industries are undergoing continuing consolidation that may impact our results of operations.

The oil and gas industry is rapidly consolidating and, as a result, some of our largest customers have consolidated and are using their size and purchasing power to seek economies of scale and pricing concessions. This consolidation may result in reduced capital spending by some of our customers or the acquisition of one or more of our primary customers, which may lead to decreased demand for our products and services. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain our level of sales to a customer that has consolidated or replace that revenue with increased business activity with other customers. As a result, the acquisition of one or more of our primary customers, such as Baker Hughes and DTI, may have a significant negative impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. We are unable to predict what effect consolidations in the industry may have on price, capital spending by our customers, our market share and selling strategies, our competitive position, our ability to retain customers or our ability to negotiate favorable agreements with our customers.

We may be unable to successfully compete with other manufacturers of drilling equipment.

Several of our competitors are diversified multinational companies with substantially larger operating staffs and greater capital resources than ours and which have been engaged in the manufacturing business for a much longer time than us. If these competitors substantially increase the resources they devote to developing and marketing competitive products and services, we may not be able to compete effectively. Similarly, consolidation among our competitors could enhance their competing market share, product and service offerings and financial resources, further intensifying competition.

We are dependent on key personnel who may be difficult to replace.

Our success is dependent to a significant degree upon the business expertise and continued contributions of our founders and senior management team. In particular, we are dependent upon the efforts and services of our founders, Mr. Troy Meier, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), and Ms. Annette Meier, our President and Chief Operating Officer (“COO”), because of their knowledge, experience, skills, and relationships with major clients and the other members of our management team. Our future success also depends on our ability to identify, attract, hire, train, retain and motivate other highly skilled technical, managerial, marketing and customer service personnel. Competition for such personnel in is intense, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully attract, integrate or retain sufficiently qualified personnel. Our inability to retain these types of individuals could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Increases in the cost of raw materials used in our manufacturing processes could negatively impact our profitability.

We rely on the availability of volume and quality of synthetic diamond cutters for drill bit refurbishment and manufacturing and for our drill string tool manufacturing business. In addition, we must have a reliable source of steel available for manufacturing which is both of sufficient quality, and available at a cost-effective price. We do not have fixed price contracts or arrangements for all of the raw materials and other supplies that we purchase. Baker Hughes provides the diamond cutters for our drill bit refurbishment. However, sourcing cost-effective supplies of quality steel in the relatively low volumes that our tool manufacturing requires can be challenging. Shortages of, and price increases for, steel and other raw materials and supplies that we use in our business may occur. Future shortages or price fluctuations in synthetic diamond cutters or steel could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct either our drill bit refurbishment or our drill tool manufacturing in a timely and cost-effective manner.

We depend on third-party suppliers for timely deliveries of raw materials, and our results of operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain adequate supplies in a timely manner.

Our manufacturing operations depend upon obtaining adequate supplies of raw materials from third parties. Events beyond our control may impact the ability of these third parties to deliver raw materials. Any interruption in the supply of raw materials needed to manufacture our products could adversely affect our business, results of operations and reputation with our customers.

We may be exposed to unforeseen risks in our product manufacturing and processes which could adversely affect our financial conditions and results of operations.

We operate our business from our Vernal, Utah headquarters. A natural disaster, extended utility failure or other significant event at our facility could significantly affect our ability to manufacture sufficient quantities of key products or otherwise deliver products to meet customer demand or contractual requirements which may result in a loss of revenue and other adverse business consequences. In addition, the equipment and management systems necessary for our operations are subject to wear and tear, break down and obsolescence, which could cause them to perform poorly or fail, resulting in fluctuations in manufacturing efficiencies and production costs. Significant manufacturing fluctuations may affect our ability to deliver products to our customers on a timely basis and we may suffer financial penalties and a diminution of our commercial reputation and future product orders. Additionally, some of our business may in the future be conducted under fixed price contracts. Fluctuations in our manufacturing process, or inaccurate estimates and assumptions used in pricing our contracts, even if due to factors out of our control, may result in cost overruns which we may be required to absorb. Any shut down of our manufacturing facility, reductions in our manufacturing process or efficiency, or cost overruns could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The outbreak of the recent coronavirus (“COVID-19”), or an outbreak of another highly infectious or contagious disease, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business is dependent upon the willingness and ability of its customers to conduct transactions with us. The spread of a highly infectious or contagious disease, such as COVID-19, could cause severe disruptions in the worldwide economy, which could in turn disrupt the business, activities, and operations of our customers, as well our business and operations. Moreover, since the beginning of January 2020, the coronavirus outbreak has caused significant disruption in the financial markets both globally and in the United States. The spread of COVID-19, or an outbreak of another highly infectious or contagious disease, may result in a significant decrease in business and/or cause our customers to be unable to meet existing payment or other obligations to us, particularly in the event of a spread of COVID-19 or an outbreak of an infectious disease in our market areas. A spread of COVID-19, or an outbreak of another contagious disease, could also negatively impact the availability of our key personnel necessary to conduct our business. Such a spread or outbreak could also negatively impact the business and operations of third party service providers who perform critical services for our business. If COVID-19, or another highly infectious or contagious disease, spreads or the response to contain COVID-19 is unsuccessful, we could experience a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We may be unable to employ enough skilled and qualified workers to sustain or expand our current operations.

Our operations require personnel with specialized skills and experience. The supply of skilled and experienced personnel may not be sufficient to meet current or expected demand. Any significant increase in the wages paid by competing employers could result in a reduction of our skilled labor force, increases in the wage rates that we must pay, or both. If any of these events were to occur, our capacity could be diminished, our ability to respond quickly to customer demands or strong market conditions may be inhibited and our growth potential impaired, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we are not able to manage our growth strategy successfully, our business, and results of operations may be adversely affected.

Our growth strategy includes acquisitions and the development and implementation of new product designs and improvements, which presents numerous managerial, administrative, operational, and other challenges. Our ability to manage the growth of our operations will depend on our ability to develop systems and services and related technologies to meet evolving industry requirements and at prices acceptable to our customers to compete in the industry in which we operate. Our ability to compete effectively will also depend on our ability to continue to obtain patents on our proprietary technology and products. Although we do not consider any single patent to be material to our business, the inability to protect our future innovations through patents could have a material adverse effect. In addition, our growth will increase our need to attract, develop, motivate, and retain both our management and professional employees. The inability of our management to manage our growth effectively or the inability of our employees to achieve anticipated performance could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Acquisitions and investments may not result in anticipated benefits and may present risks not originally contemplated, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our growth strategy includes acquiring other companies that complement our service offerings or broaden our technical capabilities and geographic presence. From time to time, we evaluate purchases and sales of assets, businesses or other investments. These transactions may not result in the anticipated realization of savings, creation of efficiencies, offering of new products or services, generation of cash or income or reduction of risk. In addition, acquisitions may be financed by borrowings, requiring us to incur debt, or by the issuance of our common stock. These transactions involve numerous risks, and we cannot ensure that:

Our inability to integrate acquisitions successfully could impede us from realizing all of the benefits of the acquisitions which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

If we are unable to successfully integrate future acquisitions, we could be impeded from realizing all of the anticipated benefits of those acquisitions and could weaken our business operations. The integration process may disrupt our business and, if implemented ineffectively, may preclude realization of the anticipated benefits expected by us and could harm our results of operations. In addition, the overall integration of the combining companies may result in unanticipated problems, expenses, liabilities and competitive responses, and may cause our stock price to decline. The difficulties of integrating an acquisition include, among others:

Even if the operations of an acquisition are integrated successfully, we may not realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisition, including the synergies, cost savings or growth opportunities that we expect. These benefits may not be achieved within the anticipated time frame, or at all. Failing to realize the benefits could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Conditions in the global financial system may have impacts on our business and financial position that we currently cannot predict.

Uncertainty in the credit markets may negatively impact the ability of our customers to finance purchases of our products and services and could result in a decrease in, or cancellation of, orders or adversely affect the collectability of our receivables. If the availability of credit to our customers is reduced, they may reduce their drilling and production expenditures, thereby decreasing demand for our products and services, which could have a negative impact on our financial position. Additionally, unsettled conditions could have an impact on our suppliers, causing them to be unable to meet their obligations to us. Although we do not currently anticipate a need to access the credit markets in the short term, a prolonged constriction on future lending by banks or investors could result in higher interest rates on future debt obligations or could restrict our ability to obtain sufficient financing to meet our long-term operational and capital needs.

In addition, the global financial system may be impacted by the effects of global health epidemics and concerns. Weakness or deterioration of the global economy could reduce our customers’ spending levels and could impact our revenues and operating results. We are unable to predict the effect of this on our business and results of operations.

A terrorist attack or armed conflict could harm our business.

Terrorist activities, anti-terrorist efforts and other armed conflicts involving the United States or other countries may adversely affect the United States and global economies and could prevent us from meeting our financial and other obligations. If any of these events occur, the resulting political instability and societal disruption could reduce overall demand for oil and natural gas, potentially putting downward pressure on demand for our services and causing a reduction in our revenue. Oil and natural gas related facilities could be direct targets of terrorist attacks, and our operations could be adversely impacted if infrastructure integral to our customers’ operations is destroyed or damaged. Costs for insurance and other security may increase as a result of these threats, and some insurance coverage may become more difficult to obtain, if available at all.

Materials and minerals used in our manufacturing process may become subject to laws and regulations that may expose us to significant costs and liabilities.

The diamonds comprising the diamond cutting discs used in our operations are synthetic and manufactured in the United States, South Africa and China. Neither those diamond cutters nor any other minerals used in our operations are currently identified as “conflict minerals” in the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. However, we cannot predict or control if the United States Secretary of State will or will not identify one of the minerals used in our manufacturing process as a conflict mineral. Should the materials used in our manufacturing process be designated as a conflict mineral, we will be required to file Form SD with the SEC and conduct the required diligence to determine the source of the conflict mineral in connection with such disclosure. Any increased costs and expenses associated with this could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

The use and protection of our proprietary technology will affect our success. There are limitations to our intellectual property rights in our proprietary technology, and thus our right to exclude others from the use of such proprietary technology.

Our success will be affected by our development and implementation of new product designs and improvements and by our ability to protect and maintain critical intellectual property assets related to these developments. Although in many cases our products are not protected by any registered intellectual property rights, in other cases we rely on a combination of patents and trade secret laws to establish and protect this proprietary technology.

We currently hold multiple U.S. patents and have multiple pending patent applications for products and processes in the U.S. and certain non-U.S. countries. Patent rights give the owner of a patent the right to exclude third parties from making, using, selling, and offering for sale the inventions claimed in the patents in the applicable country. Patent rights do not necessarily grant the owner of a patent the right to practice the invention claimed in a patent, but merely the right to exclude others from practicing the invention claimed in the patent. It may also be possible for a third party to design around our patents. Furthermore, patent rights have strict territorial limits. Some of our work will be conducted in international waters and therefore may not fall within the scope of any country’s patent jurisdiction. We may not be able to enforce our patents against infringement occurring in international waters and other “non-covered” territories. Also, we do not have patents in every jurisdiction in which we conduct business and our patent portfolio will not protect all aspects of our business and may relate to obsolete or unusual methods, which would not prevent third parties from entering the same market.

We attempt to limit access to and distribution of our technology by customarily entering into confidentiality and/or license agreements with our employees, customers and potential customers and suppliers. Our rights in our confidential information, trade secrets, and confidential know-how will not prevent third parties from independently developing similar information. Publicly available information (e.g. information in expired issued patents, published patent applications, and scientific literature) can also be used by third parties to independently develop technology. We cannot provide assurance that this independently developed technology will not be equivalent or superior to our proprietary technology.

Our competitors may infringe upon, misappropriate, violate or challenge the validity or enforceability of our intellectual property and we may not able to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights in the future.

Our businesses and our customers’ businesses are subject to environmental laws and regulations that may increase our costs, limit the demand for our products and services or restrict our operations.

Our operations and the operations of our customers are also subject to federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to the protection of human health and the environment. These environmental laws and regulations affect the products and services we design, market and sell, as well as the facilities where we manufacture our products. For example, our operations are subject to numerous and complex laws and regulations that, among other things, may regulate the management and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes; require acquisition of environmental permits related to our operations; restrict the types, quantities and concentrations of various materials that can be released into the environment; limit or prohibit operation activities in certain ecologically sensitive and other protected areas; regulate specific health and safety criteria addressing worker protection; require compliance with operational and equipment standards; impose testing, reporting and record-keeping requirements; and require remedial measures to mitigate pollution from former and ongoing operations at our facilities or at facilities where wastes generated by our operations have been disposed. Sanctions for noncompliance may include revocation of permits, corrective action orders, administrative or civil penalties or other enforcement, and criminal prosecution. We are required to invest financial and managerial resources to comply with such environmental, health and safety laws and regulations and anticipate that we will continue to be required to do so in the future. In addition, environmental laws and regulations could limit our customers’ exploration and production activities. These laws and regulations change frequently, which makes it impossible for us to predict their cost or impact on our future operations. For example, there has been a wide-ranging policy debate, both nationally and internationally, regarding the impact of greenhouse gases and possible means for their regulation. In addition, efforts have been made and continue to be made in the international community toward the adoption of international treaties or protocols that would address global climate change issues, such as the annual United Nations Climate Change Conferences. Following a finding by the EPA that certain greenhouse gases represent a danger to human health, the EPA has expanded its regulations relating to those emissions and has adopted rules imposing permitting and reporting obligations. The results of the permitting and reporting requirements could lead to further regulation of these greenhouse gases by the EPA. To date, there has been no significant legislative progress in cap and trade proposals or greenhouse gas emission reductions. The adoption of legislation or regulatory programs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions could also increase the cost of consuming, and thereby reduce demand for, the hydrocarbons that our customers produce. Consequently, such legislation or regulatory programs could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. It is too early to determine whether, or in what form, further regulatory action regarding greenhouse gas emissions may ultimately be adopted or what specific impact a new regulatory action might have on us or our customers. Generally, the anticipated regulatory actions do not appear to affect us in any material respect that is different, or to any materially greater or lesser extent, than other companies that are our competitors. However, our business and prospects could be adversely affected to the extent laws are enacted or modified or other governmental action is taken that prohibits or restricts our customers’ exploration and production activities or imposes environmental protection requirements that result in increased costs to us or our customers.

Environmental laws may provide for “strict liability” for damages to natural resources or threats to public health and safety, rendering a party liable for environmental damage without regard to negligence or fault on the part of such party. Some environmental laws and regulations provide for joint and several strict liability for remediation of spills and releases of hazardous substances. In addition, we may be subject to claims alleging personal injury or property damage as a result of alleged exposure to hazardous substances, as well as damage to natural resources. These laws and regulations also may expose us to liability for the conduct of or conditions caused by others, or for our acts that were in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations at the time such acts were performed. Any of these laws and regulations could result in claims, fines or expenditures that could be material to results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Our failure to implement and comply with our safety program could adversely affect our operating results or financial condition.

Our safety program is a fundamental element of our overall approach to risk management, and the implementation of the safety program is a significant issue in our dealings with our clients. Unsafe job sites and office environments have the potential to increase employee turnover, increase the cost of a project to our clients, expose us to types and levels of risk that are fundamentally unacceptable, and raise our operating costs. The implementation of our safety processes and procedures are monitored by various agencies and rating bureaus, and may be evaluated by certain clients in cases in which safety requirements have been established in our contracts. If we fail to comply with safety regulations or maintain an acceptable level of safety at our facilities we may incur fines, penalties or other liabilities, or may be held criminally liable. We may incur additional costs to upgrade equipment or conduct additional training, or otherwise incur costs in connection with compliance with safety regulations. Failure to maintain safe operations or achieve certain safety performance metrics could disqualify us from doing business with certain customers, particularly major oil companies.

Our products are used in operations that are subject to potential hazards inherent in the oil and gas industry and, as a result, we are exposed to potential liabilities that may affect our financial condition and reputation.

Our products are used in potentially hazardous drilling, completion and production applications in the oil and gas industry where an accident or a failure of a product can potentially have catastrophic consequences. Risks inherent to these applications, such as equipment malfunctions and failures, equipment misuse and defects, explosions, blowouts and uncontrollable flows of oil, natural gas or well fluids and natural disasters, on land or in deep water or shallow-water environments, can cause personal injury, loss of life, suspension of operations, damage to formations, damage to facilities, business interruption and damage to or destruction of property, surface water and drinking water resources, equipment and the environment. In addition, we provide certain services that could cause, contribute to or be implicated in these events. If our products or services fail to meet specifications or are involved in accidents or failures, we could face warranty, contract or other litigation claims, which could expose us to substantial liability for personal injury, wrongful death, property damage, loss of oil and gas production, and pollution and other environmental damages. Our insurance policies may not be adequate to cover all liabilities. Further, insurance may not be generally available in the future or, if available, insurance premiums may make such insurance commercially unjustifiable. Moreover, even if we are successful in defending a claim, it could be time-consuming and costly to defend.

In addition, the frequency and severity of such incidents could affect operating costs, insurability and relationships with customers, employees and regulators. In particular, our customers may elect not to purchase our products or services if they view our safety record as unacceptable, which could cause us to lose customers and substantial revenue. In addition, these risks may be greater for us because we may acquire companies that have not allocated significant resources and management focus to quality, or safety requiring rehabilitative efforts during the integration process. We may incur liabilities for losses associated with these newly acquired companies before we are able to rehabilitate such companies’ quality, safety and environmental programs.

Our information systems may experience an interruption or breach in security.

We rely on our proprietary production management technology which has changed how users connect to our knowledge and other information technology (“IT”) systems to conduct our business. Despite our security and back-up measures, our IT systems are vulnerable to computer viruses, natural disasters and other disruptions or failures. The failure of our IT systems to perform as anticipated for any reason or any significant breach of security could disrupt our business and result in numerous adverse consequences, including reduced effectiveness and efficiency of our operations and those of our customers, inappropriate disclosure of confidential information, increased overhead costs, loss of intellectual property and damage to our reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, we may be required to incur significant costs to prevent or respond to damage caused by these disruptions or security breaches in the future.

Cybersecurity breaches and other disruptions could compromise our information and operations, and expose us to liability, which would cause our business and reputation to suffer.

In the ordinary course of our business, we collect and store sensitive data in our data centers and on our networks, including intellectual property, proprietary business information, information regarding our customers, suppliers and business partners, and personally identifiable information of our employees. The secure processing, maintenance and transmission of this information is critical to our operations and business strategy. Despite our security measures, our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or breached due to employee error, malfeasance or other disruptions. Any such breach could compromise our networks and the information stored there could be accessed, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen. Any such access, disclosure or other loss of information could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, regulatory penalties, disruption of our operations, damage to our reputation, and loss of confidence in our services, which could adversely affect our business.

Our information technology infrastructure is critical to the efficient operation of our business and essential to our ability to perform day-to-day operations. Breaches in our information technology infrastructure or physical facilities, or other disruptions, could result in damage to our assets, safety incidents, damage to the environment, potential liability or the loss of contracts, and have a material adverse effect on our operations, financial position and results of operations.

Possible new tariffs could have a material adverse effect on our business.

The United States has recently announced the implementation of new tariffs on imported steel, and is also considering tariffs on additional items. There is a concern that the imposition of additional tariffs by the United States could result in the adoption of additional tariffs by other countries as well. Any resulting trade war could negatively impact the global market for oil field products and services and could have a significant adverse effect on our business. While it is too early to predict how the recently enacted tariffs on steel will impact our business, the imposition of tariffs on items we import from other countries could increase our costs and could result in lowering our gross margin on products sold.

Risks Relating to Our Common Stock

As a smaller reporting company, we are subject to scaled disclosure requirements that may make it more challenging for investors to analyze our results of operations and financial prospects.

Currently, we are a “smaller reporting company,” meaning that our outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates had a market value of less than $250 million as of June 30, 2019. As a “smaller reporting company,” we are able to provide simplified executive compensation disclosures in our filings; are exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requiring that independent registered public accounting firms provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting; and have certain other decreased disclosure obligations in our SEC filings, including, being required to provide only two years of audited financial statements in annual reports. Consequently, it may be more challenging for investors to analyze our results of operations and financial prospects.

As long as we are substantially controlled by the Meiers, the ability of our stockholders to influence the outcome of matters will be limited.

The Meiers continue to own a substantial portion of our outstanding common stock and serve on our Board of Directors. As long as they have substantial voting control of our company, SDPI will have the ability to take many stockholder actions, including the election or removal of directors, irrespective of the vote of, and without prior notice to, any other stockholder. As a result, the Meiers will have the ability to influence or control all matters affecting us, including:

The market price of our common stock has been and may continue to be volatile.

The trading price of our common stock and the price at which we may sell common stock in the future are subject to large fluctuations in response to any of the following:

We do not anticipate paying dividends on our common stock in the near future.

We have not paid any dividends in the past and do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain any earnings for the future operation and development of our business. In addition, under Utah law no distribution may be made if, after giving it effect: (a) we would be unable to pay our debts as they come due, or (b) our total assets would be less than our total liabilities. We can provide no assurance that those restrictions will not prevent us from paying a dividend in future periods.

We may issue preferred stock whose terms could adversely affect the voting power or value of our common stock.

Our articles of incorporation authorize us to issue, without the approval of our shareholders, one or more classes or series of preferred stock having such designations, preferences, limitations and relative rights, including preferences over our common stock respecting dividends and distributions, as our board of directors may determine. The terms of one or more classes or series of preferred stock could adversely impact the voting power or value of our common stock. For example, we might grant holders of preferred stock the right to elect some number of our directors in all events or on the happening of specified events or the right to veto specified transactions. Similarly, the repurchase or redemption rights or liquidation preferences we might assign to holders of preferred stock could affect the residual value of the common stock.

Certain provisions in our organizational documents could delay or prevent a change in control.

The existence of some provisions in our organizational documents could delay or prevent a change in control of our company, even if that change would be beneficial to our shareholders. Our articles of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may make acquiring control of our company difficult, including:

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The Company owns five buildings as part of its Vernal, Utah offices, which are used for manufacturing and executive offices. The Company’s management believes its current manufacturing and office facility is sufficient for its current operations. The Company leases a commercial property in Abilene, Texas. This lease term will expire in August 2021.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are subject to litigation that arises from time to time in the ordinary course of our business activities. In February 2019, the Company filed a patent infringement lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana Lafayette Division asserting Stabil Drill Specialties, LLC (“Stabil Drill”) infringed on our patent that covers the Company’s well bore conditioning tool, the Drill-N-Ream. The court ordered the Company to serve discovery requests upon Stabil Drill and gave Stabil Drill deadlines to respond and produce documents and permit an inspection of the Accused Product. Stabil Drill filed a motion for summary judgement and the Company is in the process of responding and cross-moving for patent infringement. We cannot predict the outcome of this matter, but our legal costs could have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations in future periods. We are not currently involved in any other litigation which management believes could have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Approximate Number of Equity Security Holders

As of March 12, 2020 there were 1,852 stockholders of record and 1,852 beneficial owners of the Company’s common stock.

The Company’s common stock trades on the NYSE MKT market under the symbol “SDPI”.

Dividends

The Company does not presently pay dividends on its common stock. The Company intends for the foreseeable future to continue the policy of not paying dividends and retaining earnings, if any, to finance the development and growth of its business.

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

Stock Performance Graph

As a “smaller reporting company,” as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, we have elected scaled disclosure reporting and therefore are not required to provide the stock performance graph.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

As a “smaller reporting company,” as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, we have elected scaled disclosure reporting and therefore are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

Superior Drilling Products, Inc. is an innovative drilling and completion tool technology company providing cost saving solutions that drive production efficiencies for the oil and natural gas drilling and completions industry. The Company innovates, designs, engineers, manufactures, sells, and repairs drilling and completion tools. Our drilling solutions include the patented Drill-N-Ream® well bore conditioning tool (“Drill-N-Ream tool”) and the patented Strider™ Drill String Oscillation System technology (“Strider technology” or “Strider”). In addition, the Company is a manufacturer and refurbisher of PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) drill bits for a leading oil field services company. We operate a state-of-the-art drill tool fabrication facility, where we manufacture solutions for the drilling industry, as well as customers’ custom products.

Our strategy for growth is to leverage our expertise in drill tool technology and precision machining in order to broaden our product offerings and solutions for the oil and gas industry. We believe through our patented technologies, as well as technologies under development, that we can offer the industry the solutions it demands to improve drilling efficiencies and reduce production costs.

Results discussed reflect the annual periods ending December 31, 2019 and 2018, referred to as “2019” and “2018.”

Industry Trends and Market Factors

Our business is highly dependent upon the vibrancy of the oil and gas drilling operations primarily in the U.S. Oil and gas prices have historically been volatile. The total U.S. rig count for 2019 as reported by Baker Hughes based on a monthly average was 944 rigs, a decrease relative to the 2018 monthly average of 1,031 rigs. If the rig count remains at levels below the 2019 average, there may be reduced demand for our products and services. Given the recent volatility in crude oil prices and pressure on our customers from the investment community to limit capital spending, it is generally expected that drilling activity will be down year-over-year in 2020. As of March 6, 2020, the U.S. rig count was 793. Additionally, as we expand into international markets, we will become more subject to changes in the industry in the countries in which we operate, such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Oman.

Worldwide military, political and economic events have contributed to oil and natural gas price volatility and are likely to continue to do so in the future. Although the Company has seen demand for its oil and gas related products and services in the United States and Canada impacted by these industry conditions, we continue to aggressively market our drilling products. The oil and gas industry is increasingly using directional (e.g., horizontal) drilling in their exploration and production activities because of significantly improved recovery rates that can be achieved with these methods. With the rise of this type of drilling, traditional drill string tools used for vertical drilling do not necessarily provide the best performance or are not well suited for directional drilling. In addition, current and expected oil and natural gas prices combined with more technically challenging horizontal drilling has driven the demand for new technologies. We believe the value of our Drill-N-Ream tool has proven to provide significant operational efficiencies and costs savings for horizontal drilling activity and, combined with our low market penetration, provide us sales opportunities in soft as well as robust markets.

How We Generate our Revenue

We are a drilling and completion tool technology company and we generate revenue from the refurbishment, manufacturing, repair, rental and sale of drill string tools. Our manufactured products are produced in a standard manufacturing operation, even when produced to our customer’s specifications. We also earn royalty fees under certain arrangements for the tools we sell. In May 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with DTI to be our distributor of the Drill-N-Ream tool in the United States and Canada. This agreement began the change of direction of our business from renting tools to selling tools.

Tool sales, rentals and other related revenue

Tool and Product Sales: Revenue for tool and product sales is recognized upon shipment of tools or products to the customer. Shipping and handling costs related to tool and product sales are recorded gross as a component of both the sales price and cost of the product sold.

Tool Rental: Rental revenue is recognized upon completion of the customer’s job for which the tool was rented. While the duration of the rents vary by job and number of runs, these rents are generally less than one month. The rental agreements are typically based on the price per run or footage drilled and do not have any minimum rental payments or term.

Other Related Revenue: We receive revenue from the repair of tools upon delivery of the repaired tool to the customer. We earn royalty commission revenue when our customer invoices their customer for the use of our tools.

Contract Services 

Drill Bit Manufacturing and Refurbishment: Since 1996, we have refurbished PDC drill bits for Baker Hughes. We are currently operating under a four-year vendor agreement with Baker Hughes that was renewed in 2018 (the “Vendor Agreement”). We recognize revenue for our PDC drill bit services upon shipment of the drill bit. Shipping and handling costs related to refurbishing services are paid directly by Baker Hughes at the time of shipment. By contract, we can only refurbish and manufacture oil or gas drill bits for Baker Hughes, but we are not contractually prohibited from manufacturing drill bits for the mining industry.

Manufacturing of other products: Because of our precision manufacturing capabilities, operational efficiencies and manufacturing expertise, we are frequently asked by customers to manufacture products for them (build to print). We do this on a selective bias dependent upon availability of manufacturing capacity and margin potential.

Costs of Conducting Our Business

The principal elements of cost of sales for manufacturing, repair, rental and sale of tools (“product”) are the direct and indirect costs to manufacture, repair and supply the product, including labor, materials, utilities, equipment repair, lease expense related to our facilities, supplies and freight.

Selling, general and administrative expense is comprised of costs such as new business development, technical product support, research and development costs, compensation expense for general corporate operations including accounting, human resources, risk management, etc., information technology expenses, safety and environmental expenses, legal and professional fees and other related administrative functions.

Other income (expense), net is comprised primarily of interest expense associated with outstanding borrowings net of interest income, gains (losses) of disposed assets and recovery of related party note receivable.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table represents our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the periods indicated:

Material changes of certain items in our statements of operations included in our financial statements for the comparative periods are discussed below.

Revenue

Our revenue increased approximately $752,000 in 2019 compared with 2018. Growth was driven by increases in tool rental revenue in the Middle East, which increased $952,000 over the prior year to $1,314,000 and other related tool revenue increase of $244,000, or 4%, to $6,806,000. Total tool revenue was $12,116,000, down 8% or $1,026,000, from the prior-year period. The decline was mostly the result of tool and product sales revenue declining $2,030,000, or 34%, to approximately $3,931,000 primarily due to lower tool sales in U.S, which is driven by a decrease in the U.S. rig count and a longer tool life resulting in fewer replacement tool sales for the current period. Other related tool revenue includes royalty fees, maintenance and repair of tools.

Contract services revenue increased approximately $1,777,000, or 35%, to $6,881,000. The increase was due to the result of the expanded relationship with a significant customer, the increased geographic region for which we refurbish drill bits, the additional tools we are repairing and the manufacture of products for our customers.

Operating Costs and Expenses

Total operating costs and expenses increased approximately $1,954,000 during 2019 compared with 2018.

Other Income (Expenses)

Other income and expense primarily consists of interest income, interest expense, impairment on asset held for sale, gain (loss) on disposition of assets and recovery of related party note receivable.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At December 31, 2019, we had working capital of approximately $826,000. Our principal uses of cash are operating expenses, working capital requirements, capital expenditures and debt service payments. Our operational and financial strategies include lowering our operating costs and capital spending to match revenue trends and managing our working capital and debt to enhance liquidity. We believe that cash on hand and borrowing capacity is sufficient to fund our working capital needs in 2020. Nonetheless, we will continue to work to grow revenue and review additional cost containment measures and expect to be cash flow positive in 2020. If we are unable to do this, we may not be able to, among other things, (i) maintain our current general and administrative spending levels; (ii) fund certain obligations as they become due; and (iii) respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated capital requirements. We cannot provide any assurance that financing will be available to us in the future on acceptable terms.

As amended and restated effective November 20, 2018, the Hard Rock Note has a remaining balance of $3,000,000 as of December 31, 2019, accrues interest at 7.25% per annum and matures and is fully payable on October 5, 2020. Under the current terms of Hard Rock Note, we are required to pay principal payments of $750,000 (plus accrued interest) on each January 5, April 5, July 5 and October 5 in 2020. We made all the required principal and accrued interest payments related to the Hard Rock Note for 2019, as well as the January 5, 2020 payment.

In February 2019, we refinanced our commercial bank loan which is secured by our Vernal, Utah campus. The loan requires monthly payments of approximately $43,000, including principal and interest at 7.25%, and a balloon payment of $2,500,000 is due upon maturity on February 15, 2021.

Also in February 2019, we entered into a $4,300,000 credit agreement comprised of a $800,000 term loan and a $3,500,000 revolving loan. We increased the term loan in December 2019 to $1,000,000. As of December 31, 2019, we had $1,000,000 outstanding on the term loan and $193,000 outstanding on the revolving loan. The interest rate is prime plus 2% for both loans. The credit agreement matures on February 20, 2023.

Contractual Obligations

The following table presents our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2019. Our obligations to make payments in the future may vary due to certain assumptions including the duration of our obligations and anticipated actions by third parties according to the following table (in thousands):

The aggregate outstanding balance of our notes payable obligations net of discounts as of December 31, 2019, was approximately $7,817,000 with interest rates ranging from 0% to 10.35%.

Cash Flow

Operating Cash Flows

For 2019, net cash provided by our operating activities was approximately $938,000. The Company had approximately $936,000 of net loss, an approximately $1,577,000 decrease in accounts receivable, depreciation and amortization expense of approximately $3,428,000.

Investing Cash Flows

For 2019, the Company used approximately $509,000 in investing activities for property, plant and equipment purchases mostly to increase manufacturing tool capacity to support product expansion in the Middle East.

Financing Cash Flows

For 2019, net cash used in our financing activities was approximately $3,476,000 and related to principal payments on debt offset by proceeds of debt borrowings.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Critical Accounting Policies

The discussion of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. During the preparation of these financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses, and related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those discussed below. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. The results of our analysis form the basis for making assumptions about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. While we believe that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements are appropriate, actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and the impact of such differences may be material to our consolidated financial statements. Our estimates and assumptions are evaluated periodically and adjusted when necessary. Described below are the most significant policies we apply in preparing our consolidated financial statements, some of which are subject to alternative treatment under GAAP. We also describe the most significant estimates and assumptions we make in applying these policies. See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements.

Segment reporting is not applicable to us as we have a single, company-wide management team that administers the Company as a whole, rather than by discrete business units. While we have three business product lines and report the revenues by product line internally and externally, we do not capture expenses by product line and as such, we do not maintain complete separate financial statement information by product line. We evaluate our business performance as a single segment and we report as a single segment. We operate in the United States and the Middle East. Our operations in the Middle East represented less than 10% of our consolidated operations for all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

We are a drilling and completion tool technology company and we generate revenue from the manufacturing, repair, rental and sale of drilling and completion tools. Our manufactured products are produced in a standard manufacturing operation, even when produced to our customer’s specifications. We earn royalty commission revenue when our customer invoices their customer for the use of the tools.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized ratably as an expense over the vesting period of the award. Determining the appropriate fair value model and calculating the fair value of stock-based payment awards require the use of subjective assumptions, including the expected life of the stock-based payment awards and stock price volatility. Management uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value award grants and determine the related compensation expense. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based payment awards represent management’s best estimates, but the estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if factors change and management uses different assumptions, the Company’s stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. The Company expects to continue to grant stock-based awards in the future, and to the extent that the Company does, its actual stock-based compensation expense recognized in future periods will likely increase.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Substantially all of our revenue is derived from our refurbishing of PDC drill bits for Baker Hughes and from the sale of our Drill-N-Ream tool to DTI.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are generally due within 60 days of the invoice date. No interest is charged on past-due balances. We grant credit to our customers based upon an evaluation of each customer’s financial condition. We periodically monitor the payment history and ongoing creditworthiness of our customers. An allowance for doubtful accounts is established at a level estimated by management to be adequate based upon various factors including historical experience, aging status of customer accounts, payment history and financial condition of our customers. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $9,288 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Intangible Assets

Annually, and more often as necessary, we will perform an evaluation of our intangible assets for indications of impairment. If indications exist, we will perform an evaluation of the fair value of the intangible assets and, if necessary, record an impairment charge. As of December 31, 2019, the Company performed an evaluation of the intangible assets. Based on this assessment, we have determined no impairment was needed.

Valuation of Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost, determined using the weighted-average cost method, or net realizable value. Finished goods inventories include raw materials, direct labor and production overhead. The Company regularly reviews inventories on hand and current market conditions to determine if the cost of finished goods inventories exceed current market prices and impairs the cost basis of the inventory accordingly. The Company recorded an impairment loss in the cost of sales of $79,200 during 2019 relating to slow moving inventory and steel inventory sold to a third-party wholesaler for no gain or loss.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. The cost of ordinary maintenance and repair is charged to operating expense, while replacement of critical components and major improvements are capitalized. Depreciation or amortization of property, plant and equipment, is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life as follows:

Property, plant and equipment is reviewed for impairment on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Indicative events or circumstances include, but are not limited to, matters such as a significant decline in market value or a significant change in business climate. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying value of an asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The amount of impairment loss recognized is the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell. There were no impairment losses related to fixed assets during 2019 and 2018. Upon sale or other disposition of an asset, the Company recognizes a gain or loss on disposal measured as the difference between the net carrying value of the asset and the net proceeds received.

Related Party Note Receivable

In January 2014, we entered into a Note Purchase and Sale Agreement under which we agreed to purchase a loan made to Tronco Energy Corporation (“Tronco”), a party related to us through common control, in order to take over the legal position as Tronco’ s senior secured lender. That agreement provided that, upon our full repayment of the Tronco loan from the proceeds of our initial public offering, the lender would assign to us all of its rights under the Tronco loan, including all of the collateral documents. On May 30, 2014, we closed our purchase of the Tronco loan for a total payoff of $8.3 million, including principal, interest, and early termination fees.

The Meier Guaranties were determined not to be substantive based on GAAP that states that the substance of a personal guarantee depends on the ability of the guarantor to perform, the practicality of enforcing the guarantee, and the demonstrated intent to enforce the guarantee. Since the Company did not demonstrate intent by either enforcing the redemption of collateral or the guarantees by the borrowers to repay the loan when the related party note receivable was due and payable on December 31, 2017 and instead modified the loan by extending the payment term, the Company determined the guarantees are not substantive and therefore should not serve as the basis for concluding the loan is well secured and collateralized. As a result, the Company fully reserved the related party note receivable effective August 2017. The Company continues to hold the 8,267,860 shares of the Company’s common stock as collateral. The Company will record a recovery of the loan upon receiving repayment of the note, but there is no guarantee a full recovery of the loan will occur.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

We do not maintain any derivative instruments such as interest rate swap arrangements, hedging contracts, futures contracts or the like.

Concentration of Credit Risk — We are dependent on a limited number of significant customers. The Company had two significant customers that represented 92% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019. These customers had approximately $2,920,000 in accounts receivable at December 31, 2019. We had two significant customers that represented 95% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2018, and had approximately $1,863,000 in accounts receivable at December 31, 2018.

Developing new products and tools and selling more existing products to additional customers continues to be a strategic initiative which we believe will broaden our customer base, which should have a positive effect on diversifying our concentration of credit risk.

The Company had one vendor that represented 12% of our purchases for the year ended December 31, 2019. This vendor had approximately $252,000 in accounts payable at December 31, 2019. We had one significant vendor that represented 11% of our purchases for the year ended December 31, 2018, and had approximately $158,000 in accounts payable at December 31, 2018.

ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SUPERIOR DRILLING PRODUCTS, INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of

Superior Drilling Products, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Superior Drilling Products, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2017.

SUPERIOR DRILLING PRODUCTS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

DECEMBER 31, 2019 and 2018

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

SUPERIOR DRILLING PRODUCTS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 and 2018

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

SUPERIOR DRILLING PRODUCTS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

SUPERIOR DRILLING PRODUCTS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

SUPERIOR DRILLING PRODUCTS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization and Nature of Operations

Superior Drilling Products, Inc. (the “Company”, “SDPI”, “we”, “our” or “us”) is an innovative drilling and completion tool technology company providing cost saving solutions that drive production efficiencies for the oil and natural gas drilling industry. The Company innovates, designs, engineers, manufactures, sells, rents and repairs drilling and completion tools.

Our subsidiaries include (a) Superior Drilling Solutions, LLC (previously known as Superior Drilling Products, LLC), a Utah limited liability company (“SDS”), together with its wholly owned subsidiary Superior Design and Fabrication, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“SDF”), (b) Extreme Technologies, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“ET”), (c) Meier Properties Series, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“MPS”), (d) Meier Leasing, LLC, a Utah limited liability company (“ML”), and (e) Hard Rock Solutions, LLC (“HR” or “Hard Rock”).

Basis of Presentation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Superior Drilling Products Inc. and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company does not have investments in any unconsolidated subsidiaries.

Segment Reporting

We operate as a single operating segment, which reflects how we manage our business. We operate in the United States and the Middle East. Our operations in the Middle East represented less than 10% of our consolidated operations for all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount and useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets, impairment assessments, share-based compensation expense, and valuation allowances for accounts receivable, inventories, and deferred tax assets.

Revenue Recognition

We account for revenue in accordance with Topic 606, which we adopted on January 1, 2019, using the full retrospective method. The adoption of Topic 606 did not have a material impact on the timing or amounts of revenue recognized in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and therefore did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, equity or cash flows as of the adoption date for the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company did not record any adjustments to opening retained earnings as of December 31, 2017 or for any periods previously presented. Furthermore, the impact of the adoption of the new standard is immaterial to our revenue and gross profit on an ongoing basis.

Tool sales, rentals and other related revenue

Tool and Product Sales: Revenue is recognized upon shipment of tools or products to the customer. Shipping and handling costs related to tool and product sales are recorded gross as a component of both the sales price and cost of the product sold.

Tool Rental: Rental revenue is recognized upon completion of the customer’s job for which the tool was rented. While the duration of the rents vary by job and number of runs, these rents are generally less than one month. The rental agreements are typically based on the price per run or footage drilled and do not have any minimum rental payments or term.

Other Related Revenue: We receive revenue from the repair of tools and recognize revenue upon delivery of the repaired tool to the customer. We earn royalty commission revenue when our customer invoices their customer for the use of our tools.

Contract Services

Drill Bit Manufacturing and Refurbishment: We recognize revenue for our PDC drill bit services upon transfer of control, which we determined to be the shipping point. Shipping and handling costs related to refurbishing services are paid directly by the customer at the time of shipment. By contract, we can only refurbish and manufacture oil or gas drill bits for Baker Hughes, but we are not contractually prohibited from manufacturing drill bits for the mining industry.

See Note 2 – Revenue.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on deposit. We maintain cash deposits with financial institutions that may exceed federally insured limits at times. We have chosen credible institutions and believe our risk of loss is negligible.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, payables, and bank debt. The Company believes that the carrying values of these instruments on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are generally due within 60 days of the invoice date. No interest is charged on past-due balances. We grant credit to our customers based upon an evaluation of each customer’s financial condition. We periodically monitor the payment history and ongoing creditworthiness of our customers. An allowance for doubtful accounts is established at a level estimated by management to be adequate based upon various factors including historical experience, aging status of customer accounts, payment history and financial condition of our customers. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $9,288 as of both December 31, 2019, and 2018, respectively.

Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost, determined using the weighted-average cost method, or net realizable value. Finished goods inventories include raw materials, direct labor and production overhead. The Company regularly reviews inventories on hand and current market conditions to determine if the cost of finished goods inventories exceed current market prices and impairs the cost basis of the inventory accordingly.

Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale

The Company classifies disposal groups as held for sale in the period in which all of the following criteria are met: (1) management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the disposal group; (2) the disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such disposal groups; (3) an active program to locate a buyer or buyers and other actions required to complete the plan to sell the disposal group have been initiated; (4) the sale of the disposal group is probable, and transfer of the disposal group is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale, within one year, except if events of circumstances beyond the Company’s control extend the period of time required to sell the disposal group beyond one year; (5) the disposal group is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value; and (6) actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn.

A disposal group that is classified as held for sale is initially measured at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value less any costs to sell. Any loss resulting from this measurement is recognized in the period in which the held for sale criteria are met.

Subsequent changes in the fair value of a disposal group less any costs to sell are reported as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the disposal group, as long as the new carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount of the asset at the time it was initially classified as held for sale. Upon determining that a disposal group meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale, the Company reports the assets and liabilities of the disposal group for all periods presented in the line items assets held for sale and liabilities held for sale, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheets.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. The cost of ordinary maintenance and repair is charged to operating expense, while replacement of critical components and major improvements are capitalized. Depreciation or amortization of property and equipment, is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life as follows:

Property, plant and equipment is reviewed for impairment on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Indicative events or circumstances include, but are not limited to, matters such as a significant decline in market value or a significant change in business climate. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying value of an asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The amount of impairment loss recognized is the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less cost to sell. Upon sale or other disposition of an asset, the Company recognizes a gain or loss on disposal measured as the difference between the net carrying value of the asset and the net proceeds received.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We review the recoverability of long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of the asset or asset group from the expected future pre-tax cash flows (undiscounted) of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and the carrying value. We concluded there were no indicators evident or other circumstances present that these assets were not recoverable and accordingly, no impairment charges of long-lived assets were recognized for 2019 and 2018.

Intangible Assets

The Company’s intangible assets with finite lives consist of developed technology, customer contracts and relationships, and trade names and trademarks.

The cost of intangible assets with finite lives is amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated period of economic benefit, ranging from 5 to 9 years. Asset lives are adjusted whenever there is a change in the estimated period of economic benefit. No residual value has been assigned to these intangible assets.

Intangible assets with finite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. These conditions may include a change in the extent or manner in which the asset is being used or a change in future operations. The Company assesses the recoverability of the carrying amount by preparing estimates of future revenue, margins, and cash flows. If the sum of expected future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized. The impairment loss recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. Fair value of these assets may be determined by a variety of methodologies, including discounted cash flow models.

Research and Development

We expense research and development costs as they are incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, these expenses were approximately $1,427,000 and $1,265,000, respectively, and are included in the selling, general, and administrative expenses in the statement of operations.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, including potentially dilutive common share equivalents, if the effect is dilutive. Potentially dilutive common shares equivalents include stock options and warrants.

Income Taxes

The Company recognizes an asset or liability for the deferred tax consequences of all temporary differences between the tax basis of assets or liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amounts of the asset or liabilities are recovered or settled and for operating loss carry forwards. These deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse and the carry forwards are expected to be realized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed periodically for recoverability and a valuation allowance is provided as necessary.

Debt Issuance Costs

Costs related to debt issuance are capitalized and amortized as interest expense over the term of the related debt using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest method. Upon the repayment of debt, the Company accelerates the recognition of an appropriate amount of the costs as interest expense. Debt issuance are presented as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of the note payable. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the amortized debt issuance costs were $14,942 and $77,641, respectively.

Share Based Compensation

Share based compensation expense for share based payments, related to stock option and restricted stock awards, is recognized based on their grant-date fair values. The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award.

Concentrations and Credit Risk

The Company has two significant customers that represented 92% and 95% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These customers had approximately $2,920,000 and $1,863,000 in accounts receivable at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The Company had one vendor that represented 12% of our purchases for the year ended December 31, 2019. This vendor had approximately $252,000 in accounts payable at December 31, 2019. We had one significant vendor that represented 11% of our purchases for the year ended December 31, 2018, and had approximately $158,000 in accounts payable at December 31, 2018.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Standards Not Yet Adopted

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires assets and liabilities that arise from all leases to be recognized on the balance sheet for lessees and expanded financial statement disclosures for both lessees and lessors. Currently, only capital leases are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets. This update will require lessees to recognize a lease liability equal to the present value of its lease payments and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term for all leases longer than 12 months. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and liabilities and instead recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with a term of longer than 12 months will be classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. We adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2020 and elected the modified retrospective transition method. As such, the comparative financial information will not be restated and will continue to be reported under the lease standard in effect during those periods. We also intend to elect other practical expedients provided by the new standard, including the package of practical expedients, the short-term lease recognition practical expedient in which leases with a term of 12 months or less will not be recognized on the balance sheet, and the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for the majority of our leases. The adoption of this standard will result in approximately $270,000 of additional assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet representing the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities. The Company is finalizing its accounting policies, controls, processes, and disclosures that will change as a result of adopting the new standard.

NOTE 2. REVENUE

Our revenue is derived from short-term contracts. Revenue is recognized when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring control of the promised goods or services to our customers at a point in time, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. We also assess our customer’s ability and intention to pay, which is based on a variety of factors including our customer’s historical payment experience and financial condition. Payment terms and conditions vary, although terms generally include a requirement of payment within 30 days.

Revenue generally does not include right of return or other significant post-delivery obligations. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. We elected to treat shipping and handling costs as a fulfillment cost instead of as a separate performance obligation. We recognize the cost for shipping and handling when incurred as an expense in cost of sales.

Performance Obligations

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer under Topic 606. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of our contracts with customers contain a single performance obligation to provide agreed-upon products or services. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. In accordance with Topic 606, we do not assess whether promised goods or services are performance obligations if they are immaterial in the context of the contract with the customer.

All of our contracts are less than one year in duration. We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed.

Disaggregation of Revenue

Approximately 93% of our revenue is from the United States and approximately 7% is from the Middle East for the year ended December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2018, approximately 98% of our revenue was from the United States and approximately 2% was from the Middle East.

Revenue disaggregated by revenue source are as follows:

Contract Costs

We do not incur any material costs of obtaining contracts.

Contract Balances

Under our sales contracts, we invoice customers after our performance obligations have been satisfied, at which point payment is unconditional. Accordingly, our contracts do not give rise to contract assets or liabilities under Topic 606.

NOTE 3. INVENTORIES

Inventories were comprised of the following:

The Company recorded an impairment loss in the cost of sales of $79,200 for the year ended December 31, 2019 and $116,396 during the year ended December 31, 2018 relating to slow moving inventory and steel inventory sold to a third-party wholesaler for no gain or loss.

NOTE 4. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment are comprised of the following:

In 2019, the Company decided to sell the Company airplane and related hangar. Accordingly, these assets are reported as assets held for sale on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 at their carrying value, which is lower than the expected fair value less costs to sell. In February 2020, the Company sold the airplane for a gain of approximately $146,000 that will be recorded in the first quarter of 2020. The Company expects a sale of the hanger to be completed in the next 12 months.

Depreciation expense related to property, plant and equipment for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $1,728,403 and $1,313,564 respectively.