SYNAPTICS Inc - Quarter Report: 2017 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended March 25, 2017

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             .

Commission file number 000-49602

SYNAPTICS INCORPORATED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

1251 McKay Drive

San Jose, California 95131

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(408) 904-1100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   □

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at April 26, 2017: 34,304,923

SYNAPTICS INCORPORATED

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 25, 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

SYNAPTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in millions, except par value and share amounts)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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SYNAPTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(in millions, except per share data)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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SYNAPTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in millions)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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SYNAPTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions)

(unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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SYNAPTICS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to SEC rules and regulations. In our opinion, the financial statements include all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature and necessary for the fair presentation of the results of the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full fiscal year or any future period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2016.

The consolidated financial statements include our financial statements and those of our wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Our fiscal year is the 52- or 53-week period ending on the last Saturday in June. Our fiscal 2017 and 2016 years are 52-week periods ending on June 24, 2017 and June 25, 2016, respectively. The fiscal periods presented in this report were 13-week periods and 39-week periods for the three and nine months ended March 25, 2017 and March 26, 2016, respectively. For simplicity, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been shown as ending on calendar quarter end dates as of and for all periods presented, unless otherwise indicated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, cost of revenue, inventories, loss on purchase commitments, product warranty, accrued liabilities, share-based compensation costs, provision for income taxes, deferred income tax asset valuation allowances, uncertain tax positions, goodwill, intangible assets, investments, contingent consideration liability and loss contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience, applicable laws and regulations, and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Foreign Currency Transactions and Foreign Exchange Contracts

The U.S. dollar is our functional and reporting currency.  We remeasure our monetary assets and liabilities not denominated in the functional currency into U.S. dollar equivalents at the rate of exchange in effect on the balance sheet date.  We measure and record non-monetary balance sheet accounts at the historical rate in effect at the date of transaction.  We remeasure foreign currency expenses at the weighted average exchange rate in the month that the transaction occurred.  Our foreign currency transactions and remeasurement gains and losses are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of income, and resulted in net losses of $0.4 million in the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017, and net losses of $3.3 million and $5.1 million in the three and nine months ended March 31, 2016, respectively.

We enter into foreign currency contracts to manage exposure related to certain foreign currency obligations.  The foreign currency contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and, accordingly, are not subject to hedge accounting.  In fiscal year 2015, we entered into foreign currency forward contracts to purchase Japanese yen, using U.S. dollars. As of March 31, 2017, we had no outstanding foreign currency forward contracts.  In the nine months ended March 31, 2017, and 2016 we recognized net gains of zero and $4.8 million, respectively, on the foreign currency forward contracts, which are recorded in selling, general, and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective

In October 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued an accounting standard update, or ASU, on Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, which reduces the complexity in the accounting standards by allowing the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer, other than inventory, when the transfer

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occurs. Historically, recognition of the income tax consequence was not recognized until the asset was sold to an outside party. This amendment should be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. There are no new disclosure requirements. This ASU is effective for us beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and early adoption is permitted. While we continue to evaluate the impact of the adoption of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements, we believe the adoption will result in incremental volatility in our GAAP tax rate in those periods when we enter into intercompany sales transactions of acquired technologies in connection with post-acquisition integration activities.

In August 2016, the FASB issued an ASU on Statement of Cash Flows-Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This ASU will be effective for us beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 on a retrospective basis, and early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of this ASU on our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

In May 2014, the FASB issued an ASU on Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The ASU will supersede most of the existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when the new standard becomes effective, and requires entities to recognize revenue when they transfer promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU is effective for us in our fiscal year 2019, with early adoption permitted in the first quarter of fiscal 2018.  We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements and considering additional disclosure requirements.  The new standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method.  We have not yet selected a transition method or determined the effect of the standard on our ongoing financial reporting.

In March 2016, the FASB issued an ASU for Compensation-Stock Compensation.  This update simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The ASU will be effective for us beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2018, with early adoption permitted.  While we continue to evaluate the effects of adoption of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements, we believe it will impact our accounting for income taxes, specifically the timing of recognition of federal research credits.  

In February 2016, the FASB issued an ASU on Leases. This update requires organizations that lease assets with lease terms of more than 12 months to recognize assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases on their balance sheets. It also requires new qualitative and quantitative disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The new standard will be effective for us beginning in the first quarter of our fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted. We are evaluating the effects of adoption of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued an ASU on Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which provides guidance for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial assets and liabilities. This ASU will be effective for us beginning in our first quarter of fiscal 2019, with early adoption permitted. We are evaluating the effects of the adoption of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued an ASU that requires an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value when the first-in, first-out, or average cost method is used. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. The ASU will become effective for us in our first quarter of fiscal 2018, with early adoption permitted.  We are evaluating the effects of the adoption of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

2. Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue from product sales when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred and title has transferred, the price is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured. We accrue for estimated sales returns, incentives, and other allowances at the time we recognize revenue. Our products contain embedded firmware and software, which together with, or consisting of, our ASIC chip, deliver the essential functionality of our products and, as such, software revenue recognition guidance is not applicable. Our sales to distributors are made under agreements that generally do not provide for price adjustments after purchase and revenue recognition and provide for only limited return rights under product warranty. Revenue on these sales is recognized in the same manner as sales to our non-distributor customers.  When sales rebates and price allowances are applicable they are estimated, and recorded in the period the related revenue is recognized.

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3. Net Income Per Share

The computation of basic and diluted net income per share was as follows (in millions, except per share data):

Our basic net income per share amounts for each period presented have been computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding over the period measured. Our diluted net income per share amounts for each period presented include the weighted average effect of potentially dilutive shares. We use the “treasury stock” method to determine the dilutive effect of our stock options, deferred stock units, or DSUs, and market stock units, or MSUs.

Dilutive net income per share amounts do not include the potential weighted average effect of 2,380,552 and 756,328 shares of common stock related to certain share-based awards that were outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 1,739,783 and 894,251 shares of common stock related to certain share-based awards that were outstanding during the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  These share-based awards were not included in the computation of diluted net income per share because their effect would have been antidilutive.

4. Fair Value

Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy, consisted of the following (in millions):

In our condensed consolidated balance sheets, as of March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016, money market balances were included in cash and cash equivalents, and auction rate securities, or ARS investments, were included in non-current other assets.

The changes in fair value of our Level 3 financial assets as of March 31, 2017 were as follows:

There were no transfers in or out of our Level 1, 2, or 3 assets during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.

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The fair values of our accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of those instruments. Intangible assets, property and equipment, and goodwill are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis if impairment is indicated. The interest rate on our bank debt is variable, which is subject to change from time to time to reflect a market interest rate; accordingly, the carrying value of our bank debt approximates fair value.

5. Auction Rate Securities

We have accounted for our ARS investments as non-current as we are not able to reasonably determine when the ARS markets will recover or be restructured. In the event we need to access these funds, we will not be able to do so without a loss of principal, unless redeemed by the issuers or a future auction on these investments is successful.

Our failed ARS investments were compared to other observable market data or securities with similar characteristics. Our estimate of the fair value of our ARS investments could fluctuate from period to period depending on future market conditions.

We have ARS investments with a fair value of $1.5 million with no maturity date and which are below investment grade.

The ARS investments we held as of March 31, 2017, including the original cost basis, other-than-temporary impairment included in retained earnings, new cost basis, unrealized gain, and fair value, consisted of the following (in millions):

The ARS investments we held as of June 30, 2016, including the original cost basis, other-than-temporary impairment included in retained earnings, new cost basis, unrealized gain, and fair value, consisted of the following (in millions):

6. Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market and consisted of the following (in millions):

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We record a write-down, if necessary, to reduce the carrying value of inventory to its net realizable value.  The effect of these write-downs is to establish a new cost basis in the related inventory, which we do not subsequently write up.  We also record a liability and charge to cost of revenue for estimated losses on inventory we are obligated to purchase from our contract manufacturers when such losses become probable from customer delays, order cancellations, or other factors.  

7. Acquired Intangibles

The following table summarizes the life, the gross carrying value and the related accumulated amortization of our acquired intangible assets as of March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2016 (in millions):

The total amortization expense for the acquired intangible assets was $14.0 million and $17.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $45.2 million and $55.6 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Amortization expense was included in our condensed consolidated statements of income in cost of revenue and acquired intangibles amortization.

The following table presents expected annual fiscal year aggregate amortization expense as of March 31, 2017 (in millions):

8. Other Accrued Liabilities

Other accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in millions):

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9. Indemnifications, Contingencies and Legal Proceedings

Indemnifications

In connection with certain agreements, we are obligated to indemnify the counterparty against third party claims alleging infringement of certain intellectual property rights by us. We have also entered into indemnification agreements with our officers and directors. Maximum potential future payments cannot be estimated because these agreements do not have a maximum stated liability. However, historical costs related to these indemnification provisions have not been significant. We have not recorded any liability in our condensed consolidated financial statements for such indemnification obligations.

Contingencies

We have in the past and may in the future receive notices from third parties that claim our products infringe their intellectual property rights. We cannot be certain that our technologies and products do not and will not infringe issued patents or other proprietary rights of third parties.

Any infringement claims, with or without merit, could result in significant litigation costs and diversion of management and financial resources, including the payment of damages, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Legal Proceedings

In October 2015, Amkor Technology, or Amkor, filed a complaint against us alleging infringement of intellectual property rights and various other claims. In November 2015, we filed an indemnification claim against the former stockholders and option holders of Validity Sensors, Inc., or Validity, to secure our rights under the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization between us and Validity. Pursuant to the Agreement, we believe that we can offset costs, damages and settlements against the contingent consideration earnout balance for certain of the claims brought by Amkor.  Accordingly, we have withheld and reserved the remaining contingent consideration earnout balance of $8.7 million and have classified the reserve balance as a current acquisition-related liability in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. In April 2017, we agreed to settle this case with Amkor on undisclosed terms that include each party licensing and assigning certain intellectual property rights, and cash payments.  Settlement costs incurred in connection with this litigation have been recorded in our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine month periods ended March 31, 2017.

In September 2015, IIX Inc., or IIX, filed a complaint against us demanding payment of certain fees and costs plus interest allegedly due to IIX under a memorandum of understanding, or MOU, entered into between IIX and Renesas SP Drivers, Inc., or RSP, as well as litigation costs. In September 2015, we tendered a claim for indemnification from Renesas Electronics Corporation, or Renesas, on the basis that the IIX claim arises from a breach of Renesas’ obligations under the Stock Purchase Agreement that we executed with Renesas, among others, in June 2014.  Accordingly, we have retained ¥648 million (approximately $5.8 million) of the Indemnification Holdback liability (see definition included under Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments in Management’s Discussion and Analysis contained elsewhere in this Report) and have classified the reserve balance as a current acquisition-related liability, as final settlement of the IIX complaint is expected to occur within the next twelve months.

10. Debt

On September 30, 2014, we entered into the Credit Agreement, with the lenders that are party thereto, or the Lenders, and Wells Fargo, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders.  On October 20, 2015, we entered into a Commitment Increase Agreement and First Amendment to Credit Agreement, or the First Amendment, with the Administrative Agent and each of the lenders party thereto, which amends the Credit Agreement, among us, the Lenders and the Administrative Agent.  On April 6, 2017, we entered into a Commitment Increase Agreement and Second Amendment, or the Incremental Amendment, to our existing Credit Agreement.

Pursuant to the First Amendment, we exercised our right under the Credit Agreement to request a $100 million increase to the aggregate revolving credit commitment thereunder, for total aggregate revolving credit commitments of $250 million, and the Lenders under the Credit Agreement agreed to provide such increased revolving credit commitments pursuant to the terms of the First Amendment. Pursuant to the Incremental Amendment, we increased the maximum permitted principal amount of incremental loan commitments to $200 million, and utilized such increased amount to obtain additional revolving commitments under the Credit Agreement from each of the existing lenders in the aggregate principal amount of $200 million, such that after giving effect to the Incremental Amendment, the aggregate amount of the revolving commitments under the Credit Agreement became $450 million.  As of March 31, 2017, the outstanding balance of debt under the Credit Agreement and related amendments was $223.8 million.

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The Credit Agreement provides for, among other things, (i) a revolving credit facility of up to $150 million, subsequently amended and increased to $450 million, which includes a $20 million sublimit for letters of credit and a $20 million sublimit for swingline loans, and (ii) a term loan facility in an amount of $150 million. At the initial closing under the Credit Agreement, we borrowed $150 million under the term loan facility and $100 million under the revolving credit facility to finance a portion of the RSP acquisition purchase price. Debt issuance costs were approximately $5.0 million, which are being amortized over 60 months.  

Our obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the material domestic subsidiaries of our company, subject to certain exceptions (such material subsidiaries, together with our company, collectively, the Credit Parties). The obligations of the Credit Parties under the Credit Agreement and the other loan documents delivered in connection therewith are secured by a first priority security interest in substantially all of the existing and future personal property of the Credit Parties, including, without limitation, 65% of the voting capital stock of certain of the Credit Parties’ direct foreign subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

The revolving credit facility and term loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest at our election of a Base Rate plus an applicable margin or LIBOR plus an applicable margin. Swingline loans bear interest at a Base Rate plus an applicable margin. The Base Rate is the greater of the Prime Rate, the Federal Funds Rate plus 50 basis points, or LIBOR plus 100 basis points. The applicable margin is based on a sliding scale which ranges from zero to 100 basis points for Base Rate loans and 100 basis points to 200 basis points for LIBOR loans.  During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the interest rates on our borrowings ranged from approximately 1.85% to 2.86%.

The term loan facility requires repayment over five years with nineteen quarterly principal payments, which began in the three months ended March 31, 2015.  Each of the first four quarterly principal payments were $1.9 million, each of the following quarterly principal payments are $3.8 million, and the final principal payment of $90.0 million will be due on September 30, 2019. The revolving credit facility requires payment in full on September 30, 2019. We are also required to pay a commitment fee for any unused portion of the revolving credit facility, which ranges from 0.25% to 0.45% per annum. Interest on the term loan facility and revolving credit facility is payable quarterly.     

Under the Credit Agreement, there are various restrictive covenants, including three financial covenants which limit the consolidated total leverage ratio, or leverage ratio, the consolidated interest coverage ratio, or interest coverage ratio, and a restriction which places a limit on the amount of capital expenditures that may be made in any fiscal year. The leverage ratio is the ratio of debt as of the measurement date to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, for the four consecutive quarters ending with the quarter of measurement. The leverage ratio must not exceed 2.50 to 1.0 during the first two years of the agreement, and 2.0 to 1.0 during the last three years of the agreement. The interest coverage ratio is EBITDA to interest expense for the four consecutive quarters ending with the quarter of measurement. The interest coverage ratio must not be less than 3.50 to 1.0 during the term of the Credit Agreement.  As of March 31, 2017, we were in compliance with the restrictive covenants.

The Incremental Amendment increased the maximum permitted leverage ratio during the last three years of the agreement from 2.0:1.0 to 2.50:1.00, with a further increase to 3.00:1.00 for the first four fiscal quarters ending after any acquisition having an aggregate consideration exceeding $150,000,000 and stepping down to 2.75:1.00 thereafter, and modified the negative covenants to permit up to $50,000,000 per fiscal quarter of accounts receivable financings.

11. Share-Based Compensation

Share-based compensation and the related tax benefit recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of income were as follows (in millions):

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Historically, we have issued new shares in connection with our share-based compensation plans, however, treasury shares are also now available for issuance. Any additional shares repurchased under our common stock repurchase program will be available for issuance under our share-based compensation plans.

Stock Options

Stock option activity, including stock options granted, exercised, and forfeited, weighted average exercise prices for stock options outstanding and exercisable, and the aggregate intrinsic value were as follows:

The aggregate intrinsic value was determined using the closing price of our common stock on March 24, 2017 of $49.18 and excludes the impact of stock options that were not in-the-money.

Deferred Stock Units

DSU activity, including DSUs granted, delivered, and forfeited, and the balance and aggregate intrinsic value of DSUs was as follows:

The aggregate intrinsic value was determined using the closing price of our common stock on March 24, 2017 of $49.18.

Of the shares delivered, 96,665 shares valued at $5.2 million were withheld to meet statutory minimum tax withholding requirements.

Market Stock Units

Our Amended and Restated 2010 Incentive Compensation Plan provides for the grant of MSU awards to our employees, consultants, and directors. An MSU is a promise to deliver shares of our common stock at a future date based on the achievement of market-based performance requirements in accordance with the terms of the MSU grant agreement.

We have granted MSUs to our executive officers, which are designed to vest in three tranches with the target quantity for each tranche equal to one-third of the total MSU grant. The first tranche vests based on a one-year performance period; the second tranche vests based on a two-year performance period; and the third tranche vests based on a three-year performance period. Performance is measured based on the achievement of a specified level of total stockholder return, or TSR, relative to the TSR of the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index, or SOX Index. The potential payout ranges from 0% to 200% of the grant target quantity and is adjusted on a two-to-one ratio based on our TSR performance relative to the SOX Index TSR performance using the following formula:

(100% + ([Synaptics TSR—SOX Index TSR] x 2))

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Beginning with the MSU grants in fiscal 2015, the payout for the first tranche and the second tranche will not exceed 100% and the payout for the third tranche will be calculated based on the total target quantity for the entire grant multiplied by the payout factor, which will then be reduced by shares issued for the first tranche and the second tranche.

Delivery of shares earned, if any, will take place on the dates provided in the applicable MSU grant agreement, assuming the grantee is still an employee, consultant, or director of our company at the end of the applicable performance period. On the delivery date, we withhold shares to cover statutory minimum tax withholding requirements and deliver a net quantity of shares to the employee, consultant, or director after such withholding. Until delivery of shares, the grantee has no rights as a stockholder with respect to any shares underlying the MSU award.

During the nine months ended March 31, 2017, MSU activity, including MSUs granted, delivered, and forfeited, and the balance and aggregate intrinsic value of MSUs as of March 31, 2017 was as follows:

We value MSUs using the Monte Carlo simulation model on the date of grant and amortize the compensation expense over the three-year performance and service period on a straight-line basis. The unrecognized share-based compensation cost of our outstanding MSUs was approximately $11.9 million as of March 31, 2017, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1.3 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Shares purchased, weighted average purchase price, cash received, and the aggregate intrinsic value for employee stock purchase plan purchases during the nine-month period ended March 31, 2017 were as follows (in millions, except for shares purchased and weighted average price):

12. Income Taxes

We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method. We consider the operating earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to be indefinitely invested outside the United States.  Therefore, no provision has been made for the federal, state, or foreign taxes that may result from future remittances of undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries.

The provision for income taxes recorded in interim periods is recorded by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to year-to-date income before provision for income taxes, excluding the effects of significant unusual or infrequently occurring discrete items.  The tax effects of discrete items are recorded in the same period that the related discrete items are reported and results in a difference between the actual effective tax rate and the estimated annual effective tax rate.

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The provision for income taxes of $6.3 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, represented estimated federal, foreign, and state income taxes. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 diverged from the combined U.S. federal and state statutory tax rate primarily because of foreign withholding taxes, nondeductible amortization, nondeductible payroll deposit penalties, and the impact of accounting for qualified stock options, partially offset by foreign income taxed at lower tax rates and research credits. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2016, diverged from the combined U.S. federal and state statutory tax rate, primarily because of foreign income taxed at lower tax rates and research credits, which included the retroactive reinstatement of the federal research credit, partially offset by foreign withholding taxes, nondeductible amortization, and the impact of accounting for qualified stock options.  

The provision for income taxes of $13.9 million and $20.1 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, represented estimated federal, foreign, and state income taxes. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended March 31, 2017 diverged from the combined U.S. federal and state statutory tax rate primarily because of foreign income taxed at lower tax rates and research credits, partially offset by foreign withholding taxes, nondeductible amortization, nondeductible payroll deposit penalties, and the impact of accounting for qualified stock options.  The effective tax rate for the nine months ended March 31, 2016 diverged from the combined U.S. federal and state statutory tax rate, primarily because of foreign income taxed at lower tax rates and research credits, which included the retroactive reinstatement of the federal research credit, partially offset by foreign withholding taxes, nondeductible amortization, and net unrecognized tax benefits associated with qualified stock options.  

The total liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions increased $1.1 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2017 to $14.5 million from $13.4 million at June 30, 2016, and was included in other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. If recognized, the total gross unrecognized tax benefits would reduce the effective tax rate on income from continuing operations. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2017 were $1.2 million; this balance decreased $0.2 million from June 30, 2016. We classify interest and penalties as components of income tax expense. It is reasonably possible that the amount of the liability for unrecognized tax benefits may change within the next twelve months and an estimate of the range of possible changes may include an increase in our liability of up to $1.0 million.

In July 2015, the U.S. Tax Court issued an opinion in Altera Corp. v. Commissioner related to a treasury regulation addressing the treatment of stock-based compensation in a cost-sharing arrangement with a related party.  The U.S. Department of the Treasury has not withdrawn the requirement in its regulations related to the treatment of stock-based compensation.  The Commissioner filed an appeal to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in February 2016.  While we determined no adjustment to our financial statements is required due to the uncertainties with respect to the ultimate resolution, we will continue to monitor developments in this case.

Our major tax jurisdictions are the United States, Hong Kong SAR, and Japan. From fiscal 2010 onward, we remain subject to examination by one or more of these jurisdictions. We are currently under an income tax examination by the IRS for fiscal years 2014 and 2015.

13. Segment, Customers, and Geographic Information

We operate in one segment: the development, marketing, and sale of semiconductor products used in electronic devices and products. We generate our revenue from two broad product categories: the mobile product market and the personal computing, or PC, product market. We sell our products to original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, and to contract manufacturers that provide manufacturing services to OEMs.

Net revenue within geographic areas based on our customers’ locations for the periods presented was as follows (in millions):

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Net revenue from our customers for each group of similar products was as follows (in millions):

Net revenue from major customers as a percentage of total net revenue for the periods presented was as follows:

We extend credit based on evaluation of a customer’s financial condition, and we generally do not require collateral. Major customer accounts receivable as a percentage of total accounts receivable were as follows:

14. Comprehensive Income

Our comprehensive income generally consists of net income plus the effect of unrealized gains and losses on our investments, primarily due to temporary changes in market value of certain of our ARS investments. In addition, we recognize the noncredit portion of other-than-temporary impairment on debt securities in other comprehensive income. We recognize foreign currency remeasurement adjustments and foreign currency transaction gains and losses in our condensed consolidated statements of income as the U.S. dollar is the functional currency of our foreign entities.

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In June 2016, our management approved, committed to and initiated plans to restructure and further improve efficiencies in our operational activities to align the Company’s cost structure consistent with its revenue levels.  Restructuring costs related to the June 2016 restructuring activities were recorded to the restructuring costs line item within our condensed consolidated statements of income.  These costs primarily related to severance costs for a reduction in headcount and facility consolidation and related costs.  The total charges were $11.7 million for severance costs and $2.3 million for lease cancellation and related charges.  The restructuring charges for employee severance and benefits costs and the facility consolidation and related charges actions are complete.  The restructuring liability activities during the nine months ended March 31, 2017 were as follows (in millions):

Since the fourth quarter of our fiscal 2016, we have incurred a total of $7.3 million in restructuring charges.  These charges include $5.0 million related to employee severance and benefits arrangements and $2.3 million in facility consolidation and related charges.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-Looking Statements and Factors That May Affect Results

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 25, 2017 (this “Report”) contains forward-looking statements that are subject to the safe harbors created under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the Securities Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). For ease of presentation, this Report shows reporting periods ending on calendar quarter end dates as of and for all periods presented, unless otherwise indicated. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations and projections relating to our financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business, and can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Such forward-looking statements may include words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “estimate,” “plan,” “target,” “strategy,” “continue,” “may,” “will,” “should,” variations of such words, or other words and terms of similar meaning. All forward-looking statements reflect our best judgment and are based on several factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the risks as identified in the “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2016, and other risks as identified from time to time in our SEC reports. Forward-looking statements are based on information available to us on the date hereof, and we do not have, and expressly disclaim, any obligation to publicly release any updates or any changes in our expectations, or any change in events, conditions, or circumstances on which any forward-looking statement is based. Our actual results and the timing of certain events could differ materially from the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any mergers, acquisitions, or other business combinations that had not been completed as of the date of this filing.

Statements made in this Report, unless the context otherwise requires, include the use of the terms “us,” “we,” “our,” the “Company” and “Synaptics” to refer to Synaptics Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Overview

We are a leading worldwide developer and supplier of custom-designed human interface product solutions that enable people to interact more easily and intuitively with a wide variety of mobile computing, communications, entertainment, and other electronic devices. We currently generate revenue from the markets for smartphones, tablets, personal computer, or PC, products, primarily notebook computers, and other select electronic devices, including devices in automobiles, with our custom human interface solutions.  Every solution we deliver either contains or consists of our touch-, display driver- or fingerprint authentication-based semiconductor solutions, which include our chip, customer-specific firmware, and software.

Many of our customers have manufacturing operations in China, and many of our OEM customers have established design centers in Asia. With our expanding global presence, including offices in Armenia, China, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Korea, Switzerland, Taiwan, and the United States, we are well positioned to provide local sales, operational, and engineering support services to our existing customers, as well as potential new customers, on a global basis.

Our manufacturing operations are based on a variable cost model in which we outsource all of our production requirements and generally drop ship our products directly to our customers from our contract manufacturers’ facilities, thereby reducing the need for significant capital expenditures and allowing us to minimize our investment in inventories. This approach requires us to work closely with our contract manufacturers and semiconductor foundries to ensure adequate production capacity to meet our forecasted volume requirements. We provide our contract manufacturers with six-month rolling forecasts and issue purchase orders based on our anticipated requirements for the next 90 days. We do not have long-term supply contracts with any of our contract manufacturers. We use third-party wafer manufacturers to supply wafers and third-party packaging manufacturers to package our proprietary ASICs.  In certain cases, we rely on a single source or a limited number of suppliers to provide other key components of our products. Our cost of revenue includes all costs associated with the production of our products, including materials; logistics; amortization of intangibles related to acquired developed technology, backlog, and supplier arrangements; manufacturing, assembly, and test costs paid to third-party manufacturers; and related overhead costs associated with our indirect manufacturing operations personnel. Additionally, we charge all warranty costs, losses on inventory purchase obligations, and write-downs to reduce the carrying value of obsolete, slow moving, and non-usable inventory to net realizable value, to cost of revenue.

Our gross margin generally reflects the combination of the added value we bring to our OEM customers’ products by meeting their custom design requirements and the impact of our ongoing cost-improvement programs. These cost-improvement programs include reducing materials and component costs, and implementing design and process improvements.  Our newly introduced products may have lower margins than our more mature products, which have realized greater benefits associated with our ongoing cost-improvement programs.  As a result, new product introductions may initially negatively impact our gross margin.

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Our research and development expenses include costs for supplies and materials related to product development, as well as the engineering costs incurred to design ASICs and human interface solutions for OEM customers prior to and after their commitment to incorporate those solutions into their products.  We are continuing our commitment to the technological and design innovation required to maintain our position in our existing markets, and to adapt our existing technologies or develop new technologies for new markets.

Selling, general, and administrative expenses include expenses related to sales, marketing, and administrative personnel; internal sales and outside sales representatives’ commissions; market and usability research; outside legal, accounting, and consulting costs; and other marketing and sales activities.

Acquired intangibles amortization, included in operating expenses, consists primarily of amortization of customer relationship intangible assets recognized under the purchase method for business combinations.

Contingent consideration is a cost associated with the acquisition of a business in which an earn-out arrangement is entered into between us and a selling party. We entered into earn-out arrangements in connection with our acquisitions of both Pacinian Corporation and Validity. The earn-out arrangements were designed to deliver more purchase price consideration to the selling parties, provided the acquired business delivers on the negotiated earn-out terms.  Both earn-out arrangements are now complete, therefore, we do not have any change in the consolidated statement of income for contingent consideration during fiscal 2017.  The remaining obligation represents amounts we have not paid and have retained, subject to resolution of a legal dispute (see Legal Proceedings under Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this Report).

Restructuring costs primarily reflect severance and facilities costs related to our restructuring of operations to reduce operating expenses.  These headcount-related costs and facilities costs were in cost of revenue, research and development, and selling, general and administrative expenses.

The litigation settlement charge reflects costs recorded in connection with certain Legal Proceedings further discussed under Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this Report).

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates during the nine months ended March 31, 2017, compared with our critical accounting policies and estimates disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 25, 2016.

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Results of Operations

Certain of the data used in our condensed consolidated statements of income for the periods indicated, together with comparative absolute and percentage changes in these amounts, were as follows (in millions, except percentages):