TRANSCAT INC - Quarter Report: 2018 June (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
____________

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2018

or

For the transition period from _______________ to _______________

Commission File Number: 000-03905

TRANSCAT, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

35 Vantage Point Drive, Rochester, New York 14624
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(585) 352-7777
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [✓] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [✓] No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [✓]

The number of shares of common stock, par value $0.50 per share, of the registrant outstanding as of August 1, 2018 was 7,199,947.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

TRANSCAT, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TRANSCAT, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In Thousands)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TRANSCAT, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TRANSCAT, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In Thousands)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TRANSCAT, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In Thousands, Except Par Value Amounts)
(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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TRANSCAT, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In Thousands, Except Per Share and Per Unit Amounts)
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – GENERAL

Description of Business: Transcat, Inc. (“Transcat” or the “Company”) is a leading provider of accredited calibration and laboratory instrument services and a value-added distributor of professional grade test, measurement and control instrumentation. The Company is focused on providing services and products to highly regulated industries, particularly the life science industry, which includes pharmaceutical, biotechnology, medical device and other FDA-regulated businesses. Additional industries served include industrial manufacturing; energy and utilities, including oil and gas; chemical manufacturing; FAA-regulated businesses, including aerospace and defense and other industries that require accuracy in their processes, confirmation of the capabilities of their equipment and for which the risk of failure is very costly.

Basis of Presentation: Transcat’s unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8-03 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, the Consolidated Financial Statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of the Company’s management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) have been included. The results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of what the results will be for the fiscal year. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018 (“fiscal year 2018”) contained in the Company’s 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC.

Revenue Recognition: Distribution sales are recorded when the product’s title and risk of loss transfers to the customer. The Company recognizes the majority of its Service revenue based upon when the calibration or other activity is performed and then shipped and/or delivered to the customer. Some Service revenue is generated from managing customers’ calibration programs in which the Company recognizes revenue over time. The majority of the Company’s revenue generating activities have a single performance obligation and are recognized at the point in time when control transfers and/or our obligation has been fulfilled. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration it expects to receive in exchange for product shipped or services performed. Sales taxes and other taxes billed and collected from customers are excluded from revenue. The Company generally invoices its customers for freight, shipping, and handling charges. Provisions for customer returns are provided for in the period the related revenue is recorded based upon historical data.

Revenue recognized from prior period performance obligations for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 was immaterial. As of June 30, 2018, the Company had no unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected duration of greater than one year. Pursuant to Topic 606 (defined below), the Company applied the practical expedient with respect to disclosure of the deferral and future expected timing of revenue recognition for transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations. Deferred revenue, unbilled revenue and deferred contract costs recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018 were immaterial. Payment terms are generally 30 to 45 days. See Note 4 for disaggregated revenue information.

In 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which established principles to report useful information to financial statement users about the nature, timing and uncertainty of revenue from contracts with customers. ASU No. 2014-09 along with various related amendments comprise Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), and provide guidance that is applicable to all contracts with customers regardless of industry-specific or transaction-specific fact patterns. Transcat adopted the new standard for its fiscal year ending March 30, 2019 (“fiscal year 2019”), which began April 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach to each prior reporting period presented. Based on our analysis, the Company concluded that the adoption of the amended guidance did not have a material impact on its net revenue recognition. The cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption of the ASU in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 was immaterial.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments: Transcat has determined the fair value of debt and other financial instruments using a valuation hierarchy. The hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value, consists of three levels. Level 1 uses observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2 uses inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, which is defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, requires the Company to develop its own assumptions. The carrying amount of debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets approximates fair value due to variable interest rate pricing, and the carrying amounts for cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Investment assets, which fund the Company’s non-qualified deferred compensation plan, consist of mutual funds and are valued based on Level 1 inputs. At each of June 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018, investment assets totaled $0.7 million and are included as a component of other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

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Stock-Based Compensation: The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for all equity awards granted, including stock options and restricted stock units, based on the fair market value of the award as of the grant date. The Company records compensation expense related to unvested equity awards by recognizing, on a straight-line basis, the unamortized grant date fair value over the remaining service period of each award. Excess tax benefits for share-based award activity are reflected in the statement of income as a component of the provision for income taxes. Excess tax benefits are realized benefits from tax deductions for exercised awards in excess of the deferred tax asset attributable to stock-based compensation costs for such awards. The Company did not capitalize any stock-based compensation costs as part of an asset. The Company estimates forfeiture rates based on its historical experience. During the first quarter of the fiscal year 2019 and fiscal year 2018, the Company recorded non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $0.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions: The accounts of Transcat Canada Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, are maintained in the local currency and have been translated to U.S. dollars. Accordingly, the amounts representing assets and liabilities have been translated at the period-end rates of exchange and related revenue and expense accounts have been translated at an average rate of exchange during the period. Gains and losses arising from translation of Transcat Canada Inc.’s financial statements into U.S. dollars are recorded directly to the accumulated other comprehensive loss component of shareholders’ equity.

Transcat records foreign currency gains and losses on Canadian business transactions. The net foreign currency loss was less than $0.1 million in each of the first quarters of fiscal years 2019 and 2018. The Company continually utilizes short-term foreign exchange forward contracts to reduce the risk that its earnings will be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates. The Company does not apply hedge accounting and therefore the net change in the fair value of the contracts, which totaled a loss of $0.1 million during the first quarter of each of fiscal years 2019 and 2018, was recognized as a component of other expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The change in the fair value of the contracts is offset by the change in fair value on the underlying accounts receivables denominated in Canadian dollars being hedged. On June 30, 2018, the Company had a foreign exchange contract, which matured in July 2018, outstanding in the notional amount of $4.9 million. The foreign exchange contract was renewed in July 2018 and continues to be in place. The Company does not use hedging arrangements for speculative purposes.

Earnings Per Share: Basic earnings per share of common stock are computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share of common stock reflect the assumed conversion of stock options and unvested restricted stock units using the treasury stock method in periods in which they have a dilutive effect. In computing the per share effect of assumed conversion, funds which would have been received from the exercise of options and unvested restricted stock units and the related tax benefits are considered to have been used to purchase shares of common stock at the average market prices during the period, and the resulting net additional shares of common stock are included in the calculation of average shares of common stock outstanding.

For the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, the net additional common stock equivalents had a $0.01 effect on the calculation of diluted earnings per share. For the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, the net additional common stock equivalents had no effect on the calculation of dilutive earnings per share. The average shares outstanding used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements: In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation, which simplifies the accounting for share-based payments granted to nonemployees for goods and services. Under this ASU, most of the guidance on such payments to nonemployees would be aligned with the requirements for share-based payments granted to employees. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption of this ASU is permitted. The Company does not expect adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

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In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (ASC Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize substantially all leases on-balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. The new standard establishes a right of use ("ROU") model that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement.

The new standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. ASU 2016-02 requires entities to adopt a modified retrospective transition method for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the consolidated financial statements.

The Company continues to evaluate the impact that adopting ASU 2016-02 will have on its financial statements, but the most significant impact will be to increase assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet by the present value of the Company’s leasing obligations, which are primarily related to facility and vehicle leases, as well as additional disclosures required.

NOTE 2 – LONG-TERM DEBT

Description: On October 30, 2017, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which amended and restated our prior credit facility agreement. The Credit Agreement extended the term of the Company’s $30.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) to October 29, 2021. As of June 30, 2018, $30.0 million was available under the Revolving Credit Facility, of which $8.0 million was outstanding and included in long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Credit Agreement also increased the amount of the Company’s outstanding term loan to $15.0 million (the “2017 Term Loan”), replacing the previous term loan. As of June 30, 2018, $13.6 million was outstanding on the 2017 Term Loan, of which $2.1 million was included in current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets with the remainder included in long-term debt. The 2017 Term Loan requires principal repayments of $0.2 million per month plus interest through September 2022 with a $4.3 million repayment required on October 29, 2022. Under the Credit Agreement, borrowings that may be used for business acquisitions are limited to $20.0 million per fiscal year.

The allowable leverage ratio under the Credit Agreement remains at a maximum multiple of 3.0 of total debt outstanding compared to earnings before income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and non-cash stock-based compensation expense for the preceding four consecutive fiscal quarters. The excess funds of the 2017 Term Loan over the previous term loan were used to repay amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Interest and Other Costs: Interest on the Revolving Credit Facility and 2017 Term Loan accrues, at Transcat’s election, at either the variable one-month London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or a fixed rate for a designated period at the LIBOR corresponding to such period, in each case, plus a margin. Commitment fees accrue based on the average daily amount of unused credit available on the Revolving Credit Facility. Interest rate margins and commitment fees are determined on a quarterly basis based upon the Company’s calculated leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The one-month LIBOR as of June 30, 2018 was 2.1%. The Company’s interest rate for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 ranged from 3.2% to 3.6%.

Covenants: The Credit Agreement has certain covenants with which the Company must comply, including a fixed charge ratio covenant and a leverage ratio covenant. The Company was in compliance with all loan covenants and requirements during the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. Our leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, was 1.28 at June 30, 2018, compared with 1.40 at the end of fiscal year 2018.

Other Terms: The Company has pledged all of its U.S. tangible and intangible personal property, the equity interests of its U.S.-based subsidiaries, and a majority of the common stock of Transcat Canada Inc. as collateral security for the loans made under the Revolving Credit Facility.

NOTE 3 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The Transcat, Inc. 2003 Incentive Plan, as Amended and Restated (the “2003 Plan”), provides for, among other awards, grants of restricted stock units and stock options to directors, officers and key employees at the fair market value at the date of grant. At June 30, 2018, the number of shares available for future grant under the 2003 Plan totaled 1.1 million.

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Restricted Stock Units: The Company grants performance-based restricted stock units as a primary component of executive compensation. In previous fiscal years, the units generally vested following the third fiscal year from the date of grant subject to certain cumulative diluted earnings per share growth targets over the eligible period. The restricted stock units granted in June 2017 and April 2018 were time vested. Beginning with the restricted stock units granted in May 2018, 50% of the units will vest subject to certain cumulative diluted earnings per share growth targets over the eligible period and 50% of the restricted stock units will be time vested over a three-year period. Compensation cost ultimately recognized for performance-based restricted stock units will equal the grant date fair market value of the unit that coincides with the actual outcome of the performance conditions. On an interim basis, the Company records compensation cost based on the estimated level of achievement of the performance conditions. The expense relating to the time vested restricted stock units is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award.

The Company achieved 50% of the target level for the performance-based restricted stock units granted in the fiscal year ended March 26, 2016 and as a result, issued 32 shares of common stock to executive officers and certain key employees during the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. The following table summarizes the non-vested restricted stock units outstanding as of June 30, 2018:

Total expense relating to performance-based restricted stock units, based on grant date fair value and the achievement criteria, was $0.2 million in each of the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and fiscal year 2018. As of June 30, 2018, unearned compensation, to be recognized over the grants’ respective service periods, totaled $1.7 million.

Stock Options: Options vest either immediately or over a period of up to four years using a straight-line basis and expire either five years or ten years from the date of grant. The expense relating to options is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award.

The following table summarizes the Company’s options as of and for the first quarter ended June 30, 2018:

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money stock options) that would have been received by the option holders had all holders exercised their options on June 30, 2018. The amount of aggregate intrinsic value will change based on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock.

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There was no expense related to stock options during the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. Total expense related to stock options was $0.3 million during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. There was no unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options as of June 30, 2018. There were no stock options exercised during the first quarter of fiscal year 2019.

NOTE 4 – SEGMENT INFORMATION

Transcat has two reportable segments: Distribution and Service. The Company has no inter-segment sales. The following table presents segment information for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and fiscal year 2018:

NOTE 5 – ASSET PURCHASE

During the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, Transcat acquired substantially all of the assets of NBS Calibration, Inc. (“NBS”), an Arizona-based provider of calibration services. This transaction aligned with the Company’s acquisition strategy of targeting businesses that expand the Company’s geographic reach and leverage its infrastructure while also increasing the depth and breadth of the Company’s service capabilities. Due to the immaterial amount of the purchase price of the NBS assets, it has been included in the purchases of property and equipment, net in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

As of June 30, 2018 and March 31, 2018, no contingent consideration or other holdback amounts were unpaid and included on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-Looking Statements. This report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, estimates, beliefs, assumptions and predictions of future events and are identified by words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “projects,” “intends,” “could,” “may,” and other similar words. Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact and thus are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or those expressed in such forward-looking statements. You should evaluate forward-looking statements in light of important risk factors and uncertainties that may affect our operating and financial results and our ability to achieve our financial objectives. These factors include, but are not limited to, our reliance on one vendor to supply a significant amount of inventory purchases, the risks related to current and future indebtedness, the relatively low trading volume of our common stock, risks related to our acquisition strategy and the integration of the businesses we acquire, the impact of economic conditions, risks related to the accuracy of the estimates and assumptions we use to revalue our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities in accordance with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, volatility in the oil and gas industry, the highly competitive nature of our two business segments, foreign currency rate fluctuations and cybersecurity risks. These risk factors and uncertainties are more fully described by us under the heading “Risk Factors” in our reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018. You should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or publicly announce any revisions to any of the forward-looking statements contained in this report, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from the information provided in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

During our first quarter of fiscal year 2019, we had consolidated revenue of $36.7 million. This represented an increase of $0.4 million or 1.0% versus the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. Revenue growth was due to our Service segment, which increased 4.6% to $19.3 million. There was a 2.6% sales decline in our Distribution segment to $17.3 million. The sales growth in the Service segment was all organic.

First quarter gross profit improved 4.9% or $0.4 million versus the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. Gross margin was 24.9%, an increase of 90 basis points, versus the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. This increase was due to improved productivity in the Service segment and changes in the sales mix in the Distribution segment.

Operating expenses decreased $0.2 million when compared to the prior year first quarter, driven by decreased general and administrative expenses as fiscal year 2018 first quarter included a $0.3 million one-off non-cash stock-based compensation expense. As a percentage of total revenue, operating expenses were 19.3%, down from 20.1% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. As a result of the gross margin improvement and cost discipline, operating income grew 43.5% or $0.6 million and operating margin expanded by 160 basis points.

Net income was $1.4 million for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 for the reasons stated above, up from $0.9 million in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. The Company also benefitted from reduced income tax rates due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”).

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The following table presents, for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and fiscal year 2018, the components of our Consolidated Statements of Income:

FIRST QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2018 COMPARED TO FIRST QUARTER ENDED JUNE 24, 2017 (dollars in thousands):

Revenue:

Total revenue increased $0.4 million, or 1.0%, in our fiscal year 2019 first quarter compared to the prior year first quarter. This year-over-year growth was purely organic.

Service revenue, which accounted for 52.7% and 50.9% of our total revenue in the first quarter of fiscal years 2019 and 2018, respectively, increased 4.6% from the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 to the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. This year-over-year increase was the result of new business from the life sciences market and growth in general industrial manufacturing.

Our fiscal years 2019 and 2018 Service revenue growth, in relation to prior fiscal year quarter comparisons, was as follows:

The fiscal year 2019 and 2018 quarterly growth for the Service segment was all organic.

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Within any year, while we add new customers, we also have customers from the prior fiscal year whose service orders may not repeat for any number of factors. Among those factors are variations in the timing of periodic calibrations and other services, customer capital expenditures and customer outsourcing decisions. Because the timing of Service segment orders can vary on a quarter-to-quarter basis, we believe trailing twelve-month information provides a better indication of the progress of this segment. The following table presents the trailing twelve-month Service segment revenue for each quarter in fiscal years 2019 and 2018 as well as the trailing twelve-month revenue growth as a comparison to that of the prior fiscal year period:

Our strategy has been to focus our investments in the core electrical, temperature, pressure, physical/dimensional and radio frequency/microwave calibration disciplines. We expect to subcontract approximately 13% to 15% of our Service revenue to third-party vendors for calibration beyond our chosen scope of capabilities. We continually evaluate our outsourcing needs and make capital investments, as deemed necessary, to add more in-house capabilities and reduce the need for third-party vendors. Capability expansion through business acquisitions is another way that we seek to reduce the need for outsourcing. The following table presents the source of our Service revenue and the percentage of Service revenue derived from each source for each quarter during fiscal years 2019 and 2018:

Our Distribution sales accounted for 47.3% of our total revenue in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and 49.1% of our total revenue in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, Distribution segment sales showed a decline of 2.6% to $17.3 million. These results reflected a mix of products sold within the quarter. There was a decrease in certain low-margin products offset by solid core distribution demand and increased rental revenue of 24% to $0.9 million. In addition, there was some sales disruption toward the end of the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 as we consolidated our Irvine, CA operations with our Los Angeles, CA location as part of the final integration of the Excalibur Engineering, Inc. (“Excalibur”) acquisition made in fiscal year 2017.

Our fiscal years 2019 and 2018 Distribution sales (decline) growth, in relation to prior fiscal year quarter comparisons, was as follows:

The fiscal year 2019 and 2018 quarterly sales results in the Distribution segment were all organic.

Distribution sales orders include orders for instruments that we routinely stock in our inventory, customized products, and other products ordered less frequently, which we do not stock. Pending product shipments are primarily backorders, but also include products that are requested to be calibrated in our service centers prior to shipment, orders required by the customer to be shipped complete or at a future date, and other orders awaiting final credit or management review prior to shipment. Our total pending product shipments at the end of the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 were $3.5 million, consistent with the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. The following table presents our total pending product shipments and the percentage of total pending product shipments that were backorders at the end of each quarter of fiscal years 2019 and 2018:

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Gross Profit:

Total gross profit for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 was $9.1 million, an increase of $0.4 million or 4.9% versus the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. Total gross margin was 24.9% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, up from 24.0% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, a 90 basis point improvement.

Service gross profit in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 increased $0.3 million, or 6.1%, from the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. Service gross margin was 25.5% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, a 40 basis point improvement versus the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. This increase was due to the inherent operating leverage in the segment combined with early operational excellence initiatives that drove productivity improvements.

The following table presents the quarterly historical trend of our Service gross margin as a percent of Service revenue:

Our Distribution gross margin includes net sales less the direct cost of inventory sold and the direct costs of equipment rental revenues, primarily depreciation expense for the fixed assets in our rental equipment pool, as well as the impact of rebates and cooperative advertising income we receive from vendors, freight billed to customers, freight expenses and direct shipping costs. In general, our Distribution gross margin can vary based upon the mix of products sold, price discounting, and the timing of periodic vendor rebates offered and cooperative advertising programs from suppliers.

The following table reflects the quarterly historical trend of our Distribution gross margin as a percent of Distribution sales:

Distribution segment gross margin was 24.2% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 versus 22.8% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, a 140 basis point improvement. The increase in segment gross margin was due to the mix of products sold, inventory management, and pricing initiatives that were implemented as part of the Company’s ongoing operational excellence program.

Operating Expenses:

Total operating expenses were $7.1 million in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 versus $7.3 million during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. The year-over-year change in operating expenses was primarily due to some incremental general and administrative expenses related to the Company’s operating infrastructure improvements and operational excellence initiatives offset by a $0.3 million one-off non-cash stock-based compensation expense incurred within the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. As a percentage of total revenue, operating expenses were 19.3% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and 20.1% in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018.

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Income Taxes:

Our effective tax rates for the first quarter of fiscal years 2019 and 2018 were 20.7% and 24.8%, respectively. The year-over-year decrease in the tax rate largely reflects the enactment of the Tax Act which was signed into law on December 22, 2017. The reduction in the tax rate also reflects the tax benefit from stock-based compensation awards. We continue to evaluate our tax provision on a quarterly basis and adjust, as deemed necessary, our effective tax rate given changes in facts and circumstances expected for the entire fiscal year. We expect our total fiscal year 2019 effective tax rate to be approximately 25.0% to 27.0%.

Net Income:

Net income for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 increased 66.8% from the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 for the reasons stated above.

Adjusted EBITDA:

In addition to reporting net income, a U.S. GAAP measure, we present Adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and non-cash stock compensation expense), which is a non-GAAP measure. Our management believes Adjusted EBITDA is an important measure of our operating performance because it allows management, investors and others to evaluate and compare the performance of our core operations from period to period by removing the impact of the capital structure (interest), tangible and intangible asset base (depreciation and amortization), taxes, and stock-based compensation expense, which is not always commensurate with the reporting period in which it is included. As such, our management uses Adjusted EBITDA as a measure of performance when evaluating our business segments and as a basis for planning and forecasting. Adjusted EBITDA is also commonly used by rating agencies, lenders and other parties to evaluate our credit worthiness.

Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and is not calculated through the application of GAAP. As such, it should not be considered as a substitute or alternative for the GAAP measure of net income and, therefore, should not be used in isolation of, but in conjunction with, the GAAP measure. Adjusted EBITDA, as presented, may produce results that vary from the GAAP measure and may not be comparable to a similarly defined non-GAAP measure used by other companies.

Total adjusted EBITDA for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 was $3.8 million, a $0.5 million or 14.3% increase versus the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. As a percentage of revenue, Adjusted EBITDA was 10.5% for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and 9.3% for the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. The difference between the increase in Adjusted EBITDA and the increase in net income during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 is primarily driven by the decrease from the one-off non-cash stock compensation expense.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

On October 30, 2017, we entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which amended and restated our prior credit facility agreement. The Credit Agreement extended the term of our $30.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) to October 29, 2021. As of June 30, 2018, $30.0 million was available under the Revolving Credit Facility, of which $8.0 million was outstanding and included in long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Credit Agreement also increased the amount of our outstanding term loan to $15.0 million (the “2017 Term Loan”), replacing the previous term loan. As of June 30, 2018, $13.6 million was outstanding on the 2017 Term Loan, of which $2.1 million was included in current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets with the remainder included in long-term debt. The 2017 Term Loan requires principal repayments of $0.2 million per month plus interest through September 2022 with a $4.3 million repayment required on October 29, 2022. Under the Credit Agreement, borrowings that may be used for business acquisitions are limited to $20.0 million per fiscal year.

The allowable leverage ratio under the Credit Agreement remains at a maximum multiple of 3.0 of total debt outstanding compared to earnings before income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and non-cash stock-based compensation expense for the preceding four consecutive fiscal quarters. The excess funds of the 2017 Term Loan over the previous term loan were used to repay amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility.

The Credit Agreement has certain covenants with which we must comply, including a fixed charge ratio covenant and a leverage ratio covenant. We were in compliance with all loan covenants and requirements during the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. Our leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, was 1.28 at June 30, 2018, compared with 1.40 at the end of fiscal year 2018.

Interest on the Revolving Credit Facility and 2017 Term Loan continues to accrue, at our election, at either the variable one-month London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or a fixed rate for a designated period at the LIBOR corresponding to such period, in each case, plus a margin. Commitment fees accrue based on the average daily amount of unused credit available under the Credit Agreement. Interest rate margins and commitment fees are determined on a quarterly basis based upon our calculated leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement.

Cash Flows: The following table is a summary of our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (dollars in thousands):

Operating Activities: Net cash provided by operations was $3.1 million during the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 compared to $2.9 million of net cash used in operating activities during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. The year-over-year increase in cash provided by operations is primarily the result of changes in net working capital (defined as current assets less current liabilities). The significant working capital fluctuations were as follows:

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Investing Activities: During the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, we invested $1.9 million in capital expenditures that was used primarily for assets for the Company’s rental business and customer-driven expansion of Service segment capabilities. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, we invested $2.1 million in capital expenditures, including $1.0 million spent for expanded Service segment capabilities, specifically for our mobile calibration truck fleet and radio-frequency asset capabilities, and $0.4 million spent for rental assets. During the first quarter of fiscal years 2019 and 2018, we had no business acquisitions. The purchase of assets from NBS during the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 are included in our capital expenditures above.

Financing Activities: During the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, we used $0.8 million to repay our Revolving Credit Facility, $0.5 million for repayment of our term loan and $0.1 million to repurchase shares of our common stock. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, we received $5.0 million in net proceeds from our Revolving Credit Facility and $0.6 million in cash was generated from the issuance of common stock. In addition, we used $0.4 million in cash for repayment of our term loan and $0.3 million to repurchase shares of our common stock. Commencing in fiscal year 2018, we revised our non-employee director performance-based compensation program such that any compensation earned under that program will be paid in Company stock awards, rather than in cash. The achievement criteria and the payment parameters (target payment of $20,000 per non-employee director with a maximum payment of $30,000), have not changed for fiscal year 2019.

On December 20, 2017, we filed a universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Under the shelf registration statement, we may from time to time in one or more future offerings, issue various types of securities up to an aggregate amount of $50 million. We have no immediate plans to use this registration statement. The Securities and Exchange Commission declared the shelf registration statement effective on January 5, 2018.

OUTLOOK

We are pleased with our sales and operating momentum and expect to deliver solid fiscal year 2019 results. Our strong and unique value proposition continues to resonate in the market, and recent new business wins in our Service segment support our confidence level. The Distribution business is also expected to continue to generate significant cash, provide differentiation in the market and foster Service growth opportunities. And, with a continued focus on investment in people, improving processes, and leveraging technology as a competitive advantage. We believe we can drive higher margins in both segments. We believe we have executed the early stages of our operational excellence initiatives well, but there remains a significant amount of work to do over the next 12 to 24 months to position us to achieve our goals.

Acquisitions will continue to be incremental to our overall growth expectations. Our small tuck-in purchase of the assets of NBS near the end of the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 both leverages our existing infrastructure and adds a capability in liquid and gas flow meter calibrations to our offerings. In addition to purchasing the assets of NBS, our current acquisition pipeline is active and we believe we have a strong balance sheet to execute our growth strategy.

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Transcat expects its income tax rate to range between 25% and 27% for full year fiscal 2019.

Having spent $1.9 million in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, we still expect capital expenditures for the full fiscal year 2019 to be in the $7.0 million to $7.5 million range. Capital investments will be primarily focused on technology infrastructure to drive operational excellence and organic growth opportunities within both operating segments, and for rental pool assets.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

INTEREST RATES

Our exposure to changes in interest rates results from our borrowing activities. In the event interest rates were to move by 1%, our yearly interest expense would increase or decrease by approximately $0.2 million assuming our average borrowing levels remained constant. As of June 30, 2018, $30.0 million was available under our Revolving Credit Facility, of which $8.0 million was outstanding and included in long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As described above under “Liquidity and Capital Resources,” we also have a $15.0 million (original principal) term loan. The term loan is considered a LIBOR loan. As of June 30, 2018, $13.6 million was outstanding on the term loan and was included in long-term debt and current portion of long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The term loan requires principal repayments of $0.2 million per month plus interest.

At our option, we borrow from our Revolving Credit Facility and 2017 Term Loan at the variable one-month LIBOR or at a fixed rate for a designated period at the LIBOR corresponding to such period, in each case, plus a margin. Our interest rate margin is determined on a quarterly basis based upon our calculated leverage ratio. As of June 30, 2018, the one-month LIBOR was 2.1%. Our interest rate for the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 ranged from 3.2% to 3.6%. On June 30, 2018, we had no hedging arrangements in place to limit our exposure to upward movements in interest rates.

FOREIGN CURRENCY

Approximately 90% of our total revenues for each of the first quarters of fiscal year 2019 and 2018 were denominated in U.S. dollars, with the remainder denominated in Canadian dollars. A 10% change in the value of the Canadian dollar to the U.S. dollar would impact our revenue by approximately 1%. We monitor the relationship between the U.S. and Canadian currencies on a monthly basis and adjust sales prices for products and services sold in Canadian dollars as we believe to be appropriate.

We continually utilize short-term foreign exchange forward contracts to reduce the risk that future earnings would be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates. We do not apply hedge accounting and therefore the net change in the fair value of the contracts, which totaled a loss of $0.1 million during the first quarter of each of the fiscal years 2019 and 2018, was recognized as a component of other expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The change in the fair value of the contracts is offset by the change in fair value on the underlying accounts receivables denominated in Canadian dollars being hedged. On June 30, 2018, we had a foreign exchange contract, which matured in July 2018, outstanding in the notional amount of $4.9 million. The foreign exchange contract was renewed in July 2018 and continues to be in place. We do not use hedging arrangements for speculative purposes.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive officer and principal financial officer to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the last fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report (our first fiscal quarter of fiscal year 2019) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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