Trinseo PLC - Quarter Report: 2016 September (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2016

◻TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-36473

Trinseo S.A.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Luxembourg

N/A

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

1000 Chesterbrook Boulevard

Suite 300

Berwyn, PA 19312

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(610) 240-3200

(Registrant’s telephone number)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the Company is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):



Large accelerated filer	◻	Accelerated filer	☒

Non-accelerated filer	◻ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	◻

Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ◻ No ☒

As of November 1, 2016, there were 44,653,235 of the registrant’s ordinary shares outstanding.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page

Part I	Financial Information

Item 1.	Financial Statements	4

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (Unaudited)	4

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited)	5

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited)	6

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited)	7

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited)	8

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	9

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	31

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	47

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	47

Part II	Other Information

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	47

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	47

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	48

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	48

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	48

Item 5.	Other Information	48

Item 6.	Exhibits	48

Signatures

Exhibit Index

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Trinseo S.A.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2016

Unless otherwise indicated or required by context, as used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Quarterly Report”), the term “Trinseo” refers to Trinseo S.A. (NYSE: TSE), a public limited liability company (société anonyme) existing under the laws of Luxembourg, and not its subsidiaries. The terms “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Trinseo and its consolidated subsidiaries, taken as a consolidated entity and as required by context, may also include our business as owned by our predecessor, The Dow Chemical Company, for any dates prior to June 17, 2010. The terms “Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A.” and “Trinseo Materials Finance, Inc.” refer to Trinseo’s indirect subsidiaries, Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A., a Luxembourg partnership limited by shares incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg, and Trinseo Materials Finance, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and not their subsidiaries. All financial data provided in this Quarterly Report is the financial data of the Company, unless otherwise indicated.

Prior to our formation, our business was wholly owned by The Dow Chemical Company. We refer to our predecessor business as “the Styron business.” On June 17, 2010, investment funds advised or managed by affiliates of Bain Capital Partners, LLC (“Bain Capital”) acquired the Styron business and Dow Europe Holding B.V., which we refer to as “Dow Europe,” or, together with other affiliates of The Dow Chemical Company, “Dow,” retained an ownership interest in the Styron business through an indirect ownership interest in us. We refer to our acquisition by Bain Capital as the “Acquisition.”

Definitions of capitalized terms not defined herein appear in the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, projections, strategies, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which are not statements of historical facts. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words like “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “forecast,” “outlook,” “will,” “may,” “might,” “potential,” “likely,” “target,” “plan,” “contemplate,” “seek,” “attempt,” “should,” “could,” “would” or expressions of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements reflect management’s evaluation of information currently available and are based on our current expectations and assumptions regarding our business, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Specific factors that may impact performance or other predictions of future actions have, in many but not all cases, been identified in connection with specific forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (“Annual Report”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 11, 2016 under Part I, Item IA— “Risk Factors”, and elsewhere within this Quarterly Report.

As a result of these or other factors, our actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. They are neither statements of historical fact nor guarantees or assurances of future performance. Therefore, we caution you against relying on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report are made only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

Available Information

Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, are available free of charge through the Investor Relations section of our website, www.trinseo.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after the reports are electronically filed or furnished with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. We provide this website and information contained in or connected to it for informational purposes only. That information is not a part of this Quarterly Report.

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PART I —FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

TRINSEO S.A.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)


		September 30,	December 31,
		2016	2015
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	466,287	$	431,261
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts (September 30, 2016: $3,459; December 31, 2015: $2,417)		511,624		494,556
Inventories		375,747		353,097
Other current assets		37,832		10,120
Total current assets		1,391,490		1,289,034
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates		186,999		182,836
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation (September 30, 2016: $421,608; December 31, 2015: $375,315)		494,927		518,751
Other assets
Goodwill		31,382		31,064
Other intangible assets, net		177,743		158,218
Deferred income tax assets—noncurrent		40,936		51,395
Deferred charges and other assets		29,300		27,596
Total other assets		279,361		268,273
Total assets	$	2,352,777	$	2,258,894
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt	$	5,000	$	5,000
Accounts payable		331,887		324,629
Income taxes payable		25,185		20,804
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		130,867		98,836
Total current liabilities		492,939		449,269
Noncurrent liabilities
Long-term debt, net of unamortized deferred financing fees		1,185,873		1,177,120
Deferred income tax liabilities—noncurrent		25,789		25,764
Other noncurrent obligations		224,739		217,727
Total noncurrent liabilities		1,436,401		1,420,611
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Shareholders’ equity
Ordinary shares, $0.01 nominal value, 50,000,000 shares authorized (September 30, 2016: 48,778 shares issued and 44,653 shares outstanding; December 31, 2015: 48,778 shares issued and outstanding)		488		488
Additional paid-in-capital		571,504		556,532
Treasury shares, at cost (September 30, 2016: 4,125 shares; December 31, 2015: zero shares)		(193,165)		—
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)		193,285		(18,289)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(148,675)		(149,717)
Total shareholders’ equity		423,437		389,014
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	2,352,777	$	2,258,894

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO S.A.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Net sales	$	935,410	$	1,027,952	$	2,799,188	$	3,074,890
Cost of sales		795,026		916,390		2,349,392		2,718,112
Gross profit		140,384		111,562		449,796		356,778
Selling, general and administrative expenses		73,900		51,093		180,635		153,607
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		36,686		33,489		110,314		111,037
Operating income		103,170		93,958		379,475		314,208
Interest expense, net		18,832		19,489		56,542		73,945
Loss on extinguishment of long-term debt		—		—		—		95,150
Other expense, net		1,084		1,214		16,628		7,998
Income before income taxes		83,254		73,255		306,305		137,115
Provision for income taxes		16,000		21,200		66,500		46,600
Net income	$	67,254	$	52,055	$	239,805	$	90,515
Weighted average shares- basic		45,865		48,778		47,152		48,773
Net income per share- basic	$	1.47	$	1.07	$	5.09	$	1.86
Weighted average shares- diluted		46,961		48,989		48,041		48,936
Net income per share- diluted	$	1.43	$	1.06	$	4.99	$	1.85

Repayments of equity per share	$	0.30	$	—	$	0.60	$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO S.A.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands, unless otherwise stated)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Net income	$	67,254	$	52,055	$	239,805	$	90,515
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (tax amounts shown in millions below for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively):
Cumulative translation adjustments		1,488		1,234		3,906		(77,680)
Net gain (loss) on foreign exchange cash flow hedges		(2,280)		97		(3,676)		(308)
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans:
Net gain (loss) arising during period (net of tax of: 2016—$0 and ($0.5); 2015—$0 and $0)		—		—		(800)		—
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		533		797		1,612		2,425
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		(259)		2,128		1,042		(75,563)
Comprehensive income	$	66,995	$	54,183	$	240,847	$	14,952

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO S.A.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


		Shareholders' Equity
	Ordinary Shares Outstanding	Ordinary Shares		Additional Paid-In Capital		Treasury Shares		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)		Total
Balance at December 31, 2015	48,778	$	488	$	556,532	$	—	$	(149,717)	$	(18,289)	$	389,014
Adoption of new accounting standard(1)	—		—		915		—		—		(915)		—
Net income	—		—		—		—		—		239,805		239,805
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		—		1,042		—		1,042
Stock-based compensation activity	25		—		14,057		914		—		—		14,971
Purchase of treasury shares	(4,150)		—		—		(194,079)		—		—		(194,079)
Repayments of equity on ordinary shares	—		—		—		—		—		(27,316)		(27,316)
Balance at September 30, 2016	44,653	$	488	$	571,504	$	(193,165)	$	(148,675)	$	193,285	$	423,437
Balance at December 31, 2014	48,770	$	488	$	547,530	$	—	$	(75,217)	$	(151,936)	$	320,865
Net income	—		—		—		—		—		90,515		90,515
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		—		(75,563)		—		(75,563)
Stock-based compensation activity	8		—		9,434		—		—		—		9,434
Balance at September 30, 2015	48,778	$	488	$	556,964	$	—	$	(150,780)	$	(61,421)	$	345,251

⁽¹⁾

See Notes 2 and 12 for discussion of adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2016-09.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO S.A.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2016		2015
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	239,805	$	90,515
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		71,744		67,287
Amortization of deferred financing fees and issuance discount		4,469		6,075
Deferred income tax		9,895		(13,815)
Stock-based compensation expense		14,842		9,434
Earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of dividends		(8,972)		(23,540)
Unrealized net losses (gains) on foreign exchange forward contracts		3,533		(4,435)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		—		95,150
Prepayment penalty on long-term debt		—		(68,603)
Loss on sale of businesses and other assets		13,091		—
Impairment charges		14,310		—
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable		(30,229)		11,726
Inventories		(27,605)		63,117
Accounts payable and other current liabilities		23,138		(47,861)
Income taxes payable		3,973		26,780
Other assets, net		(18,426)		(7,119)
Other liabilities, net		11,130		994
Cash provided by operating activities		324,698		205,705
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditures		(82,678)		(79,088)
Proceeds from capital expenditures subsidy		—		2,191
Proceeds from the sale of businesses and other assets		174		689
Distributions from unconsolidated affiliates		4,809		—
Increase in restricted cash		—		(413)
Cash used in investing activities		(77,695)		(76,621)
Cash flows from financing activities
Deferred financing fees		—		(28,033)
Short-term borrowings, net		(126)		(17,703)
Repayments of term loans		(3,750)		(1,250)
Purchase of treasury shares		(194,079)		—
Repayments of equity on ordinary shares		(13,920)		—
Stock-based compensation activity, net		129		—
Net proceeds from issuance of 2021 Term Loan B		—		498,750
Net proceeds from issuance of 2022 Senior Notes		—		716,625
Repayments of 2019 Senior Notes		—		(1,192,500)
Proceeds from Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility		—		25,000
Repayments of Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility		—		(25,000)
Cash used in financing activities		(211,746)		(24,111)
Effect of exchange rates on cash		(231)		(4,988)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		35,026		99,985
Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period		431,261		220,786
Cash and cash equivalents—end of period	$	466,287	$	320,771

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO S.A.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in thousands, unless otherwise stated)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1—BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements of Trinseo S.A. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of and for the periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which, in the opinion of management, are considered necessary for the fair statement of the results for the periods presented. Because they cover interim periods, the statements and related notes to the financial statements do not include all disclosures normally provided in annual financial statements and, therefore, these statements should be read in conjunction with the 2015 audited consolidated financial statements included within the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 11, 2016.

The December 31, 2015 condensed consolidated balance sheet data presented herein was derived from the Company’s December 31, 2015 audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP for annual periods.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position. Refer to Note 2 for further discussion.

NOTE 2—RECENT ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) jointly issued new guidance which clarifies the principles for recognizing revenue and develops a common revenue standard for GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Additionally, the FASB has issued certain clarifying updates to this guidance, which the Company will consider as part of our adoption. This guidance is effective for public entities for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this guidance on its financial position and results of operations.

In April 2015, the FASB issued guidance that requires deferred financing fees related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct reduction of the carrying value of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for deferred financing fees are not affected. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2016. Balances as of December 31, 2015 presented herein have been retrospectively adjusted, with $25.7 million of unamortized deferred financing fees being reclassified from “Deferred charges and other assets” and netted against “Long-term debt, net of unamortized deferred financing fees” on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. In accordance with this guidance, unamortized deferred financing fees related to the Company’s revolving debt facilities were not reclassified as a reduction of long-term debt, and remain included within “Deferred charges and other assets” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

In July 2015, the FASB issued guidance which simplifies the subsequent measurement of inventory by replacing the lower of cost or market test with a lower of cost or net realizable value (“NRV”) test. NRV is calculated as the estimated selling price less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016, and prospective adoption is required. The Company does not expect the impact of adopting this guidance to be material to its financial position and results of operations.

In February 2016, the FASB issued new guidance related to leases that outlines a comprehensive lease accounting model and supersedes the current lease guidance. The new guidance requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets for all leases with terms of greater than 12 months. It also changes the definition of a lease and expands the disclosure requirements of lease arrangements. This new guidance is effective for public companies for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The new guidance must be adopted using a modified retrospective transition, and provides for certain practical

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expedients. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this guidance on its financial position and results of operations.

In March 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that simplifies several aspects of accounting for share-based payments. The Company adopted this guidance effective April 1, 2016. Under this guidance, excess tax benefits associated with share-based payment awards are recognized in the statement of operations when the awards vest or settle, rather than in shareholders’ equity, and all tax-related cash flows resulting from share-based payments are reported as operating activities on the statement of cash flows. In addition, this guidance modified the minimum statutory withholding requirements to allow entities to withhold an amount up to the employees’ maximum individual tax rate in the relevant jurisdiction without triggering liability classification of the award, while also clarifying that all cash payments made to taxing authorities on employees’ behalf for withheld shares are to be reported as financing activities on the statement of cash flows. The adoption of these changes did not materially impact the Company’s financial position and result of operations. Additionally, as part of this adoption, the Company made an accounting policy election to recognize forfeitures as incurred, rather than estimating the forfeitures in advance. The impact of this change was applied utilizing a modified retrospective approach, with an adjustment of $0.9 million recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to decrease opening retained earnings and increase opening additional paid-in-capital.

In August 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that aims to eliminate diversity in practice for how certain cash receipts and payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for public companies for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. This guidance must be adopted using a retrospective approach, and provides for certain practical expedients. The Company is currently assessing the timing and related impact of adopting this guidance on its statement of cash flows.

NOTE 3—INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES

The Company is supplemented by two strategic joint ventures, the results of which are included within the Basic Plastics & Feedstocks reporting segment: Americas Styrenics LLC (“Americas Styrenics”, a styrene and polystyrene joint venture with Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP) and Sumika Styron Polycarbonate Limited (“Sumika Styron Polycarbonate”, a polycarbonate joint venture with Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited). Investments held in the unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for by the equity method.

As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the Company’s investment in Americas Styrenics was $148.8 million and $143.9 million, which was $75.3 million and $91.9 million less than the Company’s 50% share of the underlying net assets of Americas Styrenics. This amount represents the difference between the book value of assets contributed to the joint venture at the time of formation (May 1, 2008) and the Company’s 50% share of the total recorded value of the joint venture’s assets and certain adjustments to conform with the Company’s accounting policies. This difference is being amortized over a weighted average remaining useful life of the contributed assets of approximately 4.1 years as of September 30, 2016. The Company received dividends from Americas Styrenics of $40.0 million and $100.0 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, compared to $42.5 million and $87.5 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively.

As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the Company’s investment in Sumika Styron Polycarbonate was $38.2 million and $39.0 million, which was $15.6 million and $19.8 million greater than the Company’s 50% share of the underlying net assets of Sumika Styron Polycarbonate. This amount primarily represents the fair value of certain identifiable assets which have not been recorded on the historical financial statements of Sumika Styron Polycarbonate. This difference is being amortized over the remaining useful life of the contributed assets of 9.0 years as of September 30, 2016. The Company received dividends from Sumika Styron Polycarbonate of zero and $6.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively. The Company received no dividends from Sumika Styron Polycarbonate during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015.

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Both of the unconsolidated affiliates are privately held companies; therefore, quoted market prices for their stock are not available. The summarized financial information of the Company’s unconsolidated affiliates is shown below:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Sales	$	460,305	$	447,712	$	1,241,908	$	1,388,085
Gross profit	$	84,095	$	79,972	$	240,366	$	249,334
Net income	$	65,041	$	61,018	$	188,853	$	201,498

NOTE 4—INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2016		2015
Finished goods	$	194,361	$	170,380
Raw materials and semi-finished goods		150,928		151,444
Supplies		30,458		31,273
Total	$	375,747	$	353,097

NOTE 5—GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

The following table shows changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment from December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016:


	Performance Materials
			Synthetic		Performance		Basic Plastics
	Latex		Rubber		Plastics		& Feedstocks		Total
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	12,412	$	8,501	$	2,914	$	7,237	$	31,064
Divestiture (Note 15)		(421)		—		—		—		(421)
Foreign currency impact		296		202		69		172		739
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	12,287	$	8,703	$	2,983	$	7,409	$	31,382

Other Intangible Assets

The following table provides information regarding the Company’s other intangible assets as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively:


		September 30, 2016						December 31, 2015
	Estimated	Gross						Gross
	Useful Life	Carrying		Accumulated				Carrying		Accumulated
	(Years)	Amount		Amortization		Net		Amount		Amortization		Net
Developed technology	15	$	176,776	$	(73,638)	$	103,138	$	172,675	$	(62,870)	$	109,805
Manufacturing Capacity Rights	6		21,244		(8,612)		12,632		20,750		(5,888)		14,862
Software	5 - 10		62,285		(12,911)		49,374		18,006		(9,494)		8,512
Software in development	N/A		12,366		—		12,366		24,516		—		24,516
Other	N/A		233		—		233		523		—		523
Total		$	272,904	$	(95,161)	$	177,743	$	236,470	$	(78,252)	$	158,218

As of September 30, 2016, the Company had $12.4 million capitalized as software in development, primarily

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related to our project to upgrade our legacy enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) environment to the latest version of SAP. During the second quarter of 2016, we began a phased implementation of this ERP environment by geographic region, which we anticipate will be completed by the end of 2016.

Amortization expense on other intangible assets totaled $5.0 million and $15.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, and $4.8 million and $13.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively.

The following table details the Company’s estimated amortization expense for the next five years, excluding any amortization expense related to software currently in development:


Estimated Amortization Expense for the Next Five Years
Remainder of 2016	$	5,736
2017		22,659
2018		21,969
2019		21,784
2020		18,847
2021		17,060

NOTE 6—DEBT

Refer to the Annual Report for further background on the Company’s debt facilities discussed below. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, debt consisted of the following:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2016		2015
Senior Credit Facility
2020 Revolving Facility	$	—	$	—
2021 Term Loan B		492,749		496,365
2022 Senior Notes
USD Notes		300,000		300,000
Euro Notes		419,288		409,538
Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility		—		—
Other indebtedness		1,807		1,895
Total debt		1,213,844		1,207,798
Less: current portion		(5,000)		(5,000)
Less: unamortized deferred financing fees(1)		(22,971)		(25,678)
Total long-term debt, net of unamortized deferred financing fees	$	1,185,873	$	1,177,120

(1)

As discussed in Note 2, effective January 1, 2016, the Company retroactively adopted new accounting guidance that requires deferred financing fees related to a debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct reduction of the carrying value of that debt liability rather than as deferred assets. This caption reflects this reclassification for both the current and prior periods. Note that this caption does not include deferred financing fees related to the 2020 Revolving Facility and the Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility, which are included within “Deferred charges and other assets” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Senior Credit Facility

On May 5, 2015, Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A. and Trinseo Materials Finance, Inc. (together, the “Issuers” or the “Borrowers”), both wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company, entered into a senior secured credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which provides senior secured financing of up to $825.0 million (the “Senior Credit Facility”). The Senior Credit Facility provides for senior secured financing consisting of a (i) $325.0 revolving credit facility, with a $25.0 million swingline subfacility and a $35.0 million letter of credit subfacility (the “2020 Revolving Facility”) maturing in May 2020 and (ii) $500.0 million senior secured term loan B facility maturing in November 2021 (the “2021 Term Loan B”). Amounts under the 2020 Revolving Facility are available in U.S. dollars and euros.

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In conjunction with the establishment of the Senior Credit Facility, the Company terminated its previous revolving credit facility and recognized a $0.7 million loss on extinguishment of long-term debt during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 comprised entirely of the write-off of a portion of the related unamortized deferred financing fees.

As of September 30, 2016, $5.0 million of the scheduled future payments related to the 2021 Term Loan B were classified as current debt on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet. In addition, as of September 30, 2016, the Borrowers will be required to pay a quarterly commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the 2020 Revolving Facility equal to 0.375% per annum.

The Company had no outstanding borrowings, and had $308.4 million (net of $16.6 million outstanding letters of credit) of funds available for borrowing under the 2020 Revolving Facility as of September 30, 2016. The Senior Credit Facility contains certain customary affirmative, negative and financial covenants, which the Company was in compliance with as of September 30, 2016.

2022 Senior Notes

On May 5, 2015, the Issuers executed an indenture (the “Indenture”) pursuant to which they issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.750% senior notes due May 1, 2022 (the “USD Notes”) and €375.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.375% senior notes due May 1, 2022 (the “Euro Notes”, and together with the USD Notes, the “2022 Senior Notes”).

On May 13, 2015, using the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2021 Term Loan B, together with the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2022 Senior Notes and available cash, the Company redeemed all outstanding borrowings under its previously issued Senior Notes (the “2019 Senior Notes”), totaling $1,192.5 million in principal, together with a call premium of $68.6 million and accrued and unpaid interest thereon of $29.6 million.

As a result of this redemption, during the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of long-term debt of $94.5 million, which includes the above $68.6 million call premium and $25.9 million write-off of unamortized deferred financing fees related to the 2019 Senior Notes.

The Indenture contains certain provisions allowing the Issuers’ to redeem the 2022 Senior Notes prior to their maturity. Additionally, the Indenture contains certain customary covenants, which the Company was in compliance with as of September 30, 2016.

Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility

The Company’s accounts receivable securitization facility (“Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility”) has a borrowing capacity of $200.0 million and is set to mature in May 2019.

As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, there were no amounts outstanding under the Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility, with approximately $119.1 million and $123.4 million, respectively, of accounts receivable available to support this facility, based on the pool of eligible accounts receivable.

NOTE 7—DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The Company’s ongoing business operations expose it to various risks, including fluctuating foreign exchange rates. To manage these risks, the Company periodically enters into derivative financial instruments such as foreign exchange forward contracts. The Company does not hold or enter into financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. All derivatives are recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value.

Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts

Certain subsidiaries have assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than their respective functional currencies, which creates foreign exchange risk. The Company’s principal strategy in managing its exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates is to naturally hedge the foreign currency-denominated liabilities on our balance sheet against corresponding assets of the same currency such that any changes in liabilities due to fluctuations in exchange rates are offset by changes in their corresponding foreign currency assets. In order to further reduce its exposure, the Company also uses foreign exchange forward contracts to economically hedge the impact of the variability in exchange rates on our assets and liabilities denominated in certain foreign currencies. These derivative contracts are not designated for hedge accounting treatment.

As of September 30, 2016, the Company had open foreign exchange forward contracts with a notional U.S. dollar

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equivalent absolute value of $183.1 million. The following table displays the notional amounts of the most significant net foreign exchange hedge positions outstanding as of September 30, 2016.


	September 30,
Buy / (Sell)	2016
Euro	$	48,686
Chinese Yuan	$	(43,982)
Indonesian Rupiah	$	(28,983)
Swiss Franc	$	25,189
Japanese Yen	$	(11,585)
British Pound	$	(8,831)

Foreign Exchange Cash Flow Hedges

The Company also enters into forward contracts with the objective of managing the currency risk associated with forecasted U.S. dollar-denominated raw materials purchases by one of its subsidiaries whose functional currency is the euro. By entering into these forward contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges, the Company buys a designated amount of U.S. dollars and sells euros at the prevailing market rate to mitigate the risk associated with the fluctuations in the euro-to-U.S. dollar foreign currency exchange rates. The qualifying hedge contracts are marked-to-market at each reporting date and any unrealized gains or losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) to the extent effective, and reclassified to cost of sales in the period during which the transaction affects earnings or it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur.

Open foreign exchange cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2016 have maturities occurring over a period of 15 months, and have a net notional U.S. dollar equivalent of $213.0 million.

Net Investment Hedge

The Company’s outstanding debt includes €375.0 million of Euro Notes (see Note 6 for details). As of September 30, 2016, the Company has designated a portion (€280.0 million) of the principal amount of these Euro Notes as a hedge of the foreign currency exposure of the Issuers’ net investment in certain European subsidiaries. As this debt was deemed to be a highly effective hedge, changes in the Euro Notes’ carrying value resulting from fluctuations in the euro exchange rate were recorded as cumulative foreign currency translation loss of $4.2 million within accumulated other comprehensive loss as of September 30, 2016.

Summary of Derivative Instruments

Information regarding changes in the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments, net of tax, including those not designated for hedge accounting treatment, is as follows:


	Gain (Loss) Recognized in				Gain (Loss) Recognized in
	AOCI on Balance Sheet				Statement of Operations
	Three Months Ended September 30,								Statement of Operations
	2016		2015		2016		2015		Classification
Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges	$	(2,280)	$	97	$	245	$	(17)	Cost of sales
Total	$	(2,280)	$	97	$	245	$	(17)
Net Investment Hedges
Euro Notes	$	(2,128)	$	(1,635)	$	—	$	—	Other expenses, net
Total	$	(2,128)	$	(1,635)	$	—	$	—
Not Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
Foreign exchange forward contracts	$	—	$	—	$	1,060	$	4,452	Other expenses, net
Total	$	—	$	—	$	1,060	$	4,452

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	Gain (Loss) Recognized in				Gain (Loss) Recognized in
	AOCI on Balance Sheet				Statement of Operations
	Nine Months Ended September 30,								Statement of Operations
	2016		2015		2016		2015		Classification
Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges	$	(3,676)	$	(308)	$	616	$	59	Cost of sales
Total	$	(3,676)	$	(308)	$	616	$	59
Net Investment Hedges
Euro Notes	$	(4,615)	$	(4,073)	$	—	$	—	Other expenses, net
Total	$	(4,615)	$	(4,073)	$	—	$	—
Not Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
Foreign exchange forward contracts	$	—	$	—	$	2,054	$	(9,246)	Other expenses, net
Total	$	—	$	—	$	2,054	$	(9,246)

The Company recorded gains of $1.1 million and $2.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, and gains of $4.5 million and losses of $9.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively, from settlements and changes in the fair value of outstanding forward contracts (not designated as hedges). The gains and losses from these forward contracts offset net foreign exchange transaction losses of $1.5 million and $4.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, and losses of $6.7 million and gains of $0.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively, which resulted from the remeasurement of the Company’s foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The cash settlements of these foreign exchange forward contracts are included within operating activities in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.

As of September 30, 2016, the Company has no ineffectiveness related to its foreign exchange cash flow hedges. Further, the Company expects to reclassify in the next twelve months an approximate $1.0 million net gain from other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings related to the Company’s outstanding cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2016 based on current foreign exchange rates.

The following table summarizes the net unrealized gains and losses and balance sheet classification of outstanding derivatives recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:


	September 30, 2016						December 31, 2015
	Foreign Exchange		Foreign Exchange				Foreign Exchange		Foreign Exchange
	Forward		Cash Flow				Forward		Cash Flow
Balance Sheet Classification	Contracts		Hedges		Total		Contracts		Hedges		Total
Asset Derivatives:
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	$	1,257	$	984	$	2,241	$	4,592	$	4,958	$	9,550
Deferred charges and other assets		250		87		337		—		—		—
Total asset derivatives	$	1,507	$	1,071	$	2,578	$	4,592	$	4,958	$	9,550
Liability Derivatives:
Accounts payable	$	638	$	—	$	638	$	194	$	—	$	194
Other noncurrent obligations		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total liability derivatives	$	638	$	—	$	638	$	194	$	—	$	194

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Forward contracts are entered into with a limited number of counterparties, each of which allows for net settlement of all contracts through a single payment in a single currency in the event of a default on or termination of any one contract. As such, in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy, we record these foreign exchange forward contracts on a net basis by counterparty within the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Information regarding the gross amounts of the Company’s derivative instruments and the amounts offset in the condensed consolidated balance sheets is as follows:


	Gross Amounts		Gross Amounts		Net Amounts
	Recognized in the		Offset in the		Presented in the
	Balance Sheet		Balance Sheet		Balance Sheet
Balance at September 30, 2016
Derivative assets	$	3,747	$	(1,169)	$	2,578
Derivative liabilities		1,807		(1,169)		638

Balance at December 31, 2015
Derivative assets	$	10,044	$	(494)	$	9,550
Derivative liabilities		688		(494)		194

Refer to Notes 8 and 17 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments and the related changes in accumulated other comprehensive income.

NOTE 8—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified using the following hierarchy, which is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation as of the measurement date.

Level 1—Valuation is based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2—Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3—Valuation is based upon other unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement.

The following table summarizes the basis used to measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.


	September 30, 2016
	Quoted Prices in		Significant		Significant
	Active Markets for		Other Observable		Unobservable
	Identical Items		Inputs		Inputs
Assets (Liabilities) at Fair Value	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total
Foreign exchange forward contracts—Assets	$	—	$	1,507	$	—	$	1,507
Foreign exchange forward contracts—(Liabilities)		—		(638)		—		(638)
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges—Assets		—		1,071		—		1,071
Total fair value	$	—	$	1,940	$	—	$	1,940

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	December 31, 2015
	Quoted Prices in		Significant		Significant
	Active Markets for		Other Observable		Unobservable
	Identical Items		Inputs		Inputs
Assets (Liabilities) at Fair Value	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total
Foreign exchange forward contracts—Assets	$	—	$	4,592	$	—	$	4,592
Foreign exchange forward contracts—(Liabilities)		—		(194)		—		(194)
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges—Assets		—		4,958		—		4,958
Total fair value	$	—	$	9,356	$	—	$	9,356

The Company uses an income approach to value its derivative instruments, utilizing discounted cash flow techniques, considering the terms of the contract and observable market information available as of the reporting date. Significant inputs to the valuation for foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign exchange cash flow hedges are obtained from broker quotations or from listed or over-the-counter market data, and are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of September 30, 2016 were as follows:


	September 30, 2016
							Total Expense
	Quoted Prices in		Significant		Significant		for the Three and
	Active Markets for		Other Observable		Unobservable		Nine Months Ended
	Identical Items		Inputs		Inputs		September 30, 2016
	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total
Assets:
Livorno property, plant and equipment (Note 16)	$	-	$	-	$	11,740	$	13,639
Total	$	-	$	-	$	11,740	$	13,639

Refer to Note 16 for a discussion of the Livorno plant restructuring announced during the three months ended September 30, 2016. As a result of this announcement, the Company determined that the long-lived assets at the Livorno latex facility, which included both land as well as depreciable long-lived assets, should be assessed for impairment. This assessment indicated that the carrying value of the asset group was not recoverable when compared to the expected undiscounted cash flows from the operation and eventual disposition of these assets. Based upon our assessment, the Company concluded that the fair value of this asset group totaled $11.7 million as of September 30, 2016.

The fair value of the depreciable assets was determined under the income approach, utilizing a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model. The key assumption in this model was cash flow projections, which were determined to be nil, as the plant ceased manufacturing operations in October 2016. The fair value of the land was determined utilizing a combination of the market and income approaches, utilizing key inputs such as recent comparable market transactions, expected date of sale, and discount rate.

There were no other financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

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Fair Value of Debt Instruments

The following table presents the estimated fair value of the Company’s outstanding debt not carried at fair value as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively:


	As of		As of
	September 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
2022 Senior Notes
USD Notes	$	316,500	$	296,250
Euro Notes		442,644		410,054
2021 Term Loan B		498,070		491,401
Total fair value	$	1,257,214	$	1,197,705

The fair value of the Company’s Term Loan B, USD Notes, and Euro Notes (each Level 2 securities) is determined using over-the-counter market quotes and benchmark yields received from independent vendors.

There were no other significant financial instruments outstanding as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

NOTE 9—PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Effective income tax rate		19.2	%		28.9	%		21.7	%		34.0	%

Provision for income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 were $16.0 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 19.2%, and $66.5 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 21.7%, respectively. Provision for income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 were $21.2 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 28.9%, and $46.6 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 34.0%, respectively.

The effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 was impacted by losses generated primarily within our holding companies incorporated in Luxembourg and our primary operating company incorporated in Brazil, which were not anticipated to provide a tax benefit to the Company in the future. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, these losses totaled approximately $10.3 million and $52.0 million, respectively. Included in the losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 were impairment charges of $0.3 million and $13.2 million, respectively, for the estimated loss on sale of Trinseo Brazil. Refer to Note 15 for further information.

The effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 was impacted by losses generated primarily within our holding companies incorporated in Luxembourg, which were not anticipated to provide a tax benefit to the Company in the future. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, these losses totaled approximately $12.9 million and $73.5 million, respectively. Included in these losses were payments made during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 of $18.6 million related to a portion of the fees associated with the call premium paid to retire the Company’s 2019 Senior Notes and $5.6 million related to the write-off of the related unamortized deferred financing fees. Refer to Note 6 for further information.

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NOTE 10—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Environmental Matters

Accruals for environmental matters are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated, based on current law, existing technologies and other information. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had no accrued obligations for environmental remediation and restoration costs. Pursuant to the terms of the sales and purchase agreement for the Styron business, the pre-closing environmental conditions were retained by Dow and the Company has been indemnified by Dow from and against all environmental liabilities incurred or relating to the predecessor periods. There are several properties which the Company now owns on which Dow has been conducting investigation, monitoring or remediation to address historical contamination. Those properties include Allyn’s Point, Connecticut; Dalton, Georgia; and Livorno, Italy. There are other properties with historical contamination that are owned by Dow that the Company leases for its operations, including its facilities in Midland, Michigan; Schkopau, Germany; and Terneuzen, The Netherlands. No environmental claims have been asserted or threatened against the Company, and the Company is not a potentially responsible party at any Superfund Sites.

Inherent uncertainties exist in the Company’s potential environmental liabilities primarily due to unknown conditions, whether future claims may fall outside the scope of the indemnity, changing governmental regulations and legal standards regarding liability, and evolving technologies for handling site remediation and restoration. In connection with the Company’s existing indemnification, the possibility is considered remote that environmental remediation costs will have a material adverse impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Purchase Commitments

In the normal course of business, the Company has certain raw material purchase contracts where it is required to purchase certain minimum volumes at current market prices. These commitments range from 1 to 5 years. In certain raw material purchase contracts, the Company has the right to purchase less than the required minimums and pay a liquidated damages fee, or, in case of a permanent plant shutdown, to terminate the contracts. In such cases, these obligations would be less than the annual commitment as disclosed in the consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report.

Litigation Matters

From time to time, the Company may be subject to various legal claims and proceedings incidental to the normal conduct of business, relating to such matters as product liability, antitrust/competition, past waste disposal practices and release of chemicals into the environment. While it is impossible at this time to determine with certainty the ultimate outcome of these routine claims, the Company does not believe that the ultimate resolution of these claims will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flow. Legal costs, including those legal costs expected to be incurred in connection with a loss contingency, are expensed as incurred.

NOTE 11—PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS

The components of net periodic benefit costs for all significant plans were as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
Service cost	$	4,156	$	4,127	$	12,438	$	12,503
Interest cost		1,391		1,302		4,160		3,949
Expected return on plan assets		(492)		(404)		(1,474)		(1,224)
Amortization of prior service credit		(488)		(405)		(1,459)		(1,230)
Amortization of net loss		1,058		1,325		3,169		4,014
Net periodic benefit cost	$	5,625	$	5,945	$	16,834	$	18,012

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	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Other Postretirement Plans
Service cost	$	67	$	84	$	196	$	258
Interest cost		135		128		385		401
Amortization of prior service cost		25		26		77		78
Amortization of net gain		(43)		—		(128)		—
Net periodic benefit cost	$	184	$	238	$	530	$	737

As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company’s benefit obligations included primarily in “Other noncurrent obligations” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets were $182.8 million and $172.5 million, respectively. The net periodic benefit costs are recognized in the condensed consolidated statement of operations as “Cost of sales” and “Selling, general and administrative expenses.”

The Company made cash contributions of approximately $4.9 million and $10.2 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company expects to make additional cash contributions, including benefit payments to unfunded plans, of approximately $6.2 million to its defined benefit plans for the remainder of 2016.

Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan

The Company established a non-qualified supplemental employee retirement plan in 2010. As of December 31, 2015, benefit obligations under this plan were $13.7 million, noting $1.6 million of net loss included in AOCI, of which $1.0 million was expected to be amortized from AOCI into net periodic benefit cost for full year 2016. Lastly, as of December 31, 2015, the estimated future benefit payments under this plan were $13.9 million, expected to be paid in 2017.

In the first quarter of 2016, this retirement plan was amended to, among other things, extend the employment period covered by the plan, resulting in an increase to the benefit obligation under this plan of $1.3 million and a corresponding actuarial loss recorded to AOCI. The amounts expected to be amortized from AOCI into net periodic benefit cost for full year 2016 remains approximately $1.0 million. As a result of this amendment, the estimated future benefit payments under this plan were $15.3 million as of September 30, 2016, and are expected to be paid in 2018.

NOTE 12—STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Restricted Stock Awards issued by the Parent

On June 17, 2010, Bain Capital Everest Manager Holding SCA (“the Parent”), an affiliate of Bain Capital, authorized the issuance of up to 750,000 shares in time-based and performance-based restricted stock to certain key members of management. Any related compensation associated with these awards is allocated to the Company from the Parent. With the adoption of the Trinseo S.A. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2014 Omnibus Plan”) during 2014, discussed further below, restricted stock awards are no longer issued by the Parent on behalf of the Company.

During the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Parent completed the sale of its ordinary shares of the Company through secondary offerings, and as a result, no longer holds any ownership interest in the Company. Refer to Note 18 for further discussion. Given that the Parent sold its interest in the substantive assets of the Company, under the terms of the related securityholder agreements, vesting of all outstanding time-based and modified-time based restricted stock awards was fully accelerated into the current period. No additional expense is expected in future periods related to these awards.

Time-based Restricted Stock Awards

For the nine month period ended September 30, 2016, there were no grants of time-based restricted stock awards. Total compensation expense for time-based restricted stock awards was $0.8 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $1.6 million and $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. As of September 30, 2016, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to time-based restricted stock awards, as a result of the accelerated vesting during the third quarter of 2016 noted above.

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Modified Time-based Restricted Stock Awards

For the nine month period ended September 30, 2016, there were no grants of modified time-based restricted stock awards. Total compensation expense recognized for modified time-based restricted stock awards was $3.0 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $4.5 million and $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. As of September 30, 2016, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to the modified time-based restricted stock awards, as a result of the accelerated vesting during the third quarter of 2016 noted above.

2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan

In connection with the IPO, the Company’s board of directors approved the 2014 Omnibus Plan, adopted on May 28, 2014, under which the maximum number of ordinary shares that may be delivered upon satisfaction of awards granted under such plan is 4.5 million shares. Since that time, the board of directors of the Company has approved equity award grants for certain executives and employees, comprised of restricted share units (or RSUs) and options to purchase shares (“option awards”).

Restricted Share Units (RSUs)

The RSUs granted to executives and employees vest in full on the third anniversary of the date of grant, generally subject to the employee remaining continuously employed by the Company on the vesting date. RSUs granted to directors of the Company vest in full on the first anniversary of the date of grant. Upon a termination of employment due to the employee’s death or retirement or a termination of employment by the Company without cause in connection with a restructuring or redundancy or due to the employee’s disability prior to the vesting date, the RSUs will vest in full or in part, depending on the type of termination. In the event employment is terminated for cause, all unvested RSUs will be forfeited. Dividends and dividend equivalents will not accumulate on unvested RSUs. Compensation costs for the RSUs are measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and are recognized ratably as expense over the applicable vesting term.

The fair value of RSUs is equal to the fair market value of the Company’s ordinary shares based on the closing price on the date of grant. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company granted 1,585 and 342,136 RSUs, respectively, at a weighted-average grant date fair value per unit of $56.80 and $28.39, respectively. Total compensation expense recognized for all outstanding RSUs was $1.5 million and $3.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, and $0.7 million and $1.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. As of September 30, 2016, there was $11.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years.

Option Awards

The option awards, which contain an exercise term of nine years from the date of grant, vest in three equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant, generally subject to the employee remaining continuously employed on the applicable vesting date. Upon a termination of employment due to the employee’s death or retirement or a termination of employment by the Company without cause in connection with a restructuring or redundancy or due to the employee’s disability prior to a vesting date, the options will vest in full or will continue to vest on the original vesting schedule, depending on the type of termination. In the event employment is terminated for cause, all vested and unvested options will be forfeited. Compensation cost for the option awards is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the appropriate service period utilizing graded vesting.

The fair value for option awards is computed using the Black-Scholes pricing model, whose inputs and assumptions are determined as of the date of grant. Determining the fair value of the option awards requires considerable judgment, including estimating the expected term of stock options and the expected volatility of the price of the Company’s ordinary shares. During the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Company granted no option awards. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company granted 568,981 option awards at a weighted-average grant date fair value per option award of $10.10.

Since the Company’s equity interests were privately held prior to the IPO in June 2014, there is limited publicly traded history of the Company’s ordinary shares. Until such time that the Company has enough publicly traded history of its ordinary shares to determine expected volatility based solely on its ordinary shares, estimated volatility of options granted will be based on a combination of our historical volatility and similar companies’ stock that are publicly traded. The expected term of options represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. For the

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options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the simplified method was used to calculate the expected term of options, given the Company’s limited historical exercise data. The risk-free interest rate for the periods within the expected term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The dividend yield is estimated based on historical and expected dividend activity.

The following are the weighted-average assumptions used within the Black-Scholes pricing model for options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2016:


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2016
Expected term (in years)	5.50
Expected volatility	40.00	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.42	%
Dividend yield	0.60	%

Total compensation expense for the option awards was $0.7 million and $4.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, and $0.9 million and $2.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. As of September 30, 2016, there was $2.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the option awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years.

Adoption of Accounting Standards Update

As discussed in Note 2, effective April 1, 2016, the Company adopted new accounting guidance issued by the FASB that simplifies several aspects of accounting for share-based payments. Among other things, as part of this adoption, the Company made an accounting policy election to recognize forfeitures as incurred, rather than estimating the forfeitures in advance. The impact of this change was applied utilizing a modified retrospective approach, with an adjustment of $0.9 million recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to decrease opening retained earnings and increase opening additional paid-in-capital. All other impacts of this adoption were not material to the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

NOTE 13—RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In connection with the Acquisition, the Company entered into a ten year initial term advisory agreement with Bain Capital Partners, LLC and Portfolio Company Advisors Limited (the “Advisory Agreement”) wherein Bain Capital Partners, LLC and Portfolio Company Advisors Limited provided management and consulting services and financial and other advisory services to the Company. The Advisory Agreement terminated upon consummation of the Company’s IPO in June 2014. However, Bain Capital continued to provide an immaterial level of ad hoc advisory services for the Company through the nine months ended September 30, 2016. In conjunction with the foregoing, we incurred Bain Capital Partners, LLC and Portfolio Company Advisors Limited fees (including out-of-pocket expenses) of zero for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, and zero and $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. As a result of the completed sale of the Parent’s ownership interest in the Company discussed in Note 18, these expenses are not expected in future periods.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Parent sold 37,269,567 ordinary shares pursuant to the Company’s shelf registration statement filed with the SEC. In connection with these offerings, and under the terms of the Acquisition, the Company incurred advisory, accounting, legal and printing expenses on behalf of the Parent of $0.3 million and $2.5 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively. These expenses were included within “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on the condensed consolidated statement of operations. Refer to Note 18 for further information.

NOTE 14—SEGMENTS

The Company operates under two divisions: Performance Materials and Basic Plastics & Feedstocks. The Performance Materials division includes the following reporting segments: Latex, Synthetic Rubber, and Performance Plastics. The Basic Plastics & Feedstocks division represents a separate segment for financial reporting purposes.

The Latex segment produces SB latex primarily for coated paper and packaging board, carpet and artificial turf backings, as well as a number of performance latex applications. The Synthetic Rubber segment produces synthetic rubber products used predominantly in tires, with additional applications in polymer modification and technical rubber

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goods, including conveyer and fan belts, hoses, seals and gaskets. The Performance Plastics segment produces highly engineered compounds and blends for automotive end markets, as well as consumer electronics, medical, electrical and lighting, collectively consumer essential markets, or CEM. The Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment includes styrenic polymers, polycarbonate, or PC, and styrene monomer, and also includes the results of the Company’s two 50%-owned joint ventures, Americas Styrenics and Sumika Styron Polycarbonate.


	Performance Materials
			Synthetic		Performance		Basic Plastics		Corporate
Three Months Ended	Latex		Rubber		Plastics		& Feedstocks		Unallocated		Total
September 30, 2016
Sales to external customers	$	242,600	$	112,690	$	175,355	$	404,765	$	—	$	935,410
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		—		—		—		36,686		—		36,686
EBITDA(1)		12,734		28,491		25,338		86,158
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates		—		—		—		186,999		—		186,999
Depreciation and amortization		5,742		9,138		1,372		6,503		1,016		23,771
September 30, 2015
Sales to external customers	$	254,938	$	125,956	$	179,861	$	467,197	$	—	$	1,027,952
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		—		—		—		33,489		—		33,489
EBITDA(1)		24,295		27,397		14,540		70,225
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates		—		—		—		191,194		—		191,194
Depreciation and amortization		7,033		7,619		1,387		6,225		742		23,006

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	Performance Materials
			Synthetic		Performance		Basic Plastics		Corporate
Nine Months Ended	Latex		Rubber		Plastics		& Feedstocks		Unallocated		Total
September 30, 2016
Sales to external customers	$	684,552	$	326,278	$	527,875	$	1,260,483	$	—	$	2,799,188
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		—		—		—		110,314		—		110,314
EBITDA(1)		47,767		81,787		77,603		303,768
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates		—		—		—		186,999		—		186,999
Depreciation and amortization		17,904		26,073		4,505		19,652		3,610		71,744
September 30, 2015
Sales to external customers	$	740,706	$	370,730	$	562,109	$	1,401,345	$	—	$	3,074,890
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		—		—		—		111,037		—		111,037
EBITDA(1)		60,658		72,035		60,893		251,392
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates		—		—		—		191,194		—		191,194
Depreciation and amortization		19,599		22,787		4,173		18,470		2,258		67,287

(1)

Reconciliation of EBITDA to net income (loss) is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015
Total segment EBITDA	$	152,721	$	136,457	$	510,925	$	444,978
Corporate unallocated		(26,864)		(20,707)		(76,334)		(166,631)
Less: Interest expense, net		18,832		19,489		56,542		73,945
Less: Provision for income taxes		16,000		21,200		66,500		46,600
Less: Depreciation and amortization		23,771		23,006		71,744		67,287
Net income	$	67,254	$	52,055	$	239,805	$	90,515

Corporate unallocated includes corporate overhead costs and certain other income and expenses, as well as loss on extinguishment of long-term debt.

The primary measure of segment operating performance is EBITDA, which is defined as net income (loss) before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is a key metric that is used by management to evaluate business performance in comparison to budgets, forecasts, and prior year financial results, providing a measure that management believes reflects the Company’s core operating performance. EBITDA is useful for analytical purposes; however, it should not be considered an alternative to the Company’s reported GAAP results, as there are limitations in using such financial measures. Other companies in the industry may define EBITDA differently than the Company, and as a result, it may be difficult to use EBITDA, or similarly-named financial measures, that other companies may use to compare the performance of those companies to the Company’s performance.

Asset and capital expenditure information is not accounted for at the segment level and consequently is not reviewed or included with the Company’s internal management reporting. Therefore, the Company has not disclosed asset and capital expenditure information for each reportable segment.

New Segmentation

Effective October 1, 2016, the Company will realign its reporting segments to reflect the new model under which the business will be managed by the chief executive officer, who is the Company’s chief operating decision maker. This change in segments is being made to provide increased clarity around the drivers of profitability and cash flow of the Company. The existing Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment will be split into three new segments: Basic Plastics, which includes polystyrene, copolymers, and polycarbonate; Feedstocks, which represents the Company’s styrene monomer business; and Americas Styrenics, to reflect the equity earnings from its 50%-owned polystyrene joint venture. In addition, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (or ABS) supplied into Performance Plastics markets, which was previously included in the results of Basic Plastics & Feedstocks, will now be included in Performance Plastics. Finally, the Latex segment will be renamed to Latex Binders.

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NOTE 15—DIVESTITURES

Divestiture of Brazil Business

During the second quarter of 2016, the Company signed a definitive agreement to sell Trinseo do Brasil Comercio de Produtos Quimicos Ltda. (“Trinseo Brazil”), its primary operating entity in Brazil which includes both a latex and automotive business. Under the agreement of sale, which closed on October 1, 2016, Trinseo Brazil was sold to a single counterparty, for a selling price that is subject to certain contingent consideration payments, which could be paid by the buyer over a 5-year period subsequent to the closing date, based on the results of the Trinseo Brazil latex business during that time.

As a result of this agreement, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded impairment charges for the estimated loss on sale of approximately $0.3 million and $13.2 million, respectively, within “Other expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. The $13.2 million charge primarily relates to the unrecoverable net book value of property, plant and equipment along with certain working capital balances and has been allocated as $8.4 million, $4.2 million, and $0.6 million to the Performance Plastics segment, Latex segment, and Corporate, respectively. This loss on sale has been recorded as an estimate based on available information and is subject to change through settlement activities that will occur after closing.

In addition, as of September 30, 2016, the Company recorded all assets and liabilities associated with Trinseo Brazil as held-for-sale within “Other current assets” and “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities,” respectively, in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The key components of the assets, adjusted for the above impairment charges, and liabilities classified as held-for-sale at September 30, 2016 consisted of the following:


	September 30,
	2016
Assets
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts	$	8,385
Inventories		6,403
Goodwill		421
Deferred charges and other assets		26
Total assets held-for-sale	$	15,235

Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	5,419
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		1,167
Other non-current obligations		2,600
Total liabilities held-for-sale	$	9,186

The results of operations associated with the latex and automotive businesses of Trinseo Brazil were not classified as discontinued operations as the decision to divest these businesses does not represent a strategic shift that has, or will have, a major effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

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NOTE 16—RESTRUCTURING

Livorno Plant Restructuring

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $14.3 million related to property, plant and equipment and other asset impairment charges, $1.4 million related to employee termination benefit charges, and $0.3 million of contract termination charges. These charges were included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and were allocated entirely to the Latex segment. The employee termination benefits charges and contract termination charges remain accrued in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2016.

Production at the facility ceased in October 2016, with decommissioning activities expected to occur throughout the remainder of 2016 and into 2017, which will be expensed as incurred and allocated to the Latex segment. Additionally, the Company expects to incur incremental employee termination benefit charges of $4.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2016 and throughout 2017. The majority of employee termination benefit charges are expected to be paid in 2017.

Divestiture of Brazil Business

As discussed in Note 15, during the second quarter of 2016, the Company signed a definitive agreement to sell Trinseo Brazil. While the majority of the Company’s current operations in Brazil will be transferred to the buyer, certain corporate functions not included in the sale will be eliminated by the Company prior to the completion of the sale, resulting in the exit of all direct operations in Brazil.

As a result, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $0.1 million and $0.7 million, respectively, related to employee termination benefit charges, which are included within “Selling, general, and administrative expenses” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and were allocated entirely to Corporate. All employee termination benefit charges were paid as of September 30, 2016 and therefore nothing remains accrued on the condensed consolidated balance sheet, as noted in the table below.


	Balance at						Balance at
	December 31, 2015		Expenses		Deductions		September 30, 2016
Employee termination benefit charges	$	—	$	656	$	(656)	$	—
Total	$	—	$	656	$	(656)	$	—

Allyn’s Point Plant Shutdown

In September 2015, the Company approved the plan to close its Allyn’s Point latex manufacturing facility in Gales Ferry, Connecticut. This restructuring plan was a strategic business decision to improve the results of the overall Latex segment due to continuing declines in the coated paper industry in North America. Production at the facility ceased at the end of 2015, followed by decommissioning activities which began in 2016.

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The Company recorded restructuring charges of zero and $0.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, relating to the accelerated depreciation of the related assets at the Allyn’s Point facility, and $0.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of employee termination benefit and decommissioning charges. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recorded $0.8 million in charges relating to the accelerated depreciation of the related assets at the facility and $0.1 million of employee termination benefit charges. All of these charges were included within “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and allocated entirely to the Latex segment. Employee termination benefit charges are recorded within “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in the condensed consolidated balance sheet, the balances for which are displayed in the table below.


	Balance at						Balance at
	December 31, 2015		Expenses		Deductions(1)		September 30, 2016
Employee termination benefit charges	$	434	$	363	$	(280)	$	517
Other(2)		—		1,500		(1,500)		—
Total	$	434	$	1,863	$	(1,780)	$	517

(1)

Includes payments made against the existing accrual.

(2)

Includes decommissioning charges incurred, primarily related to labor and third party service costs.

The Company does not expect to incur additional employee termination benefit charges related to this restructuring, with the majority of the benefits expected to be paid by September 30, 2017. The Company also expects to incur additional decommissioning costs associated with this plant shutdown in 2016 and 2017, the cost of which will be expensed as incurred within the Latex segment.

Restructuring in Polycarbonate

During the second quarter of 2014, the Company announced a restructuring within its Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment to exit the commodity market for PC in North America and to terminate existing arrangements with Dow regarding manufacturing services for the Company at Dow’s Freeport, Texas facility (the “Freeport facility”). Production at the Freeport facility ceased as of September 30, 2014, and decommissioning and demolition was completed in the first quarter of 2015.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company recorded restructuring charges of zero and $0.5 million, respectively, related to the reimbursement of decommissioning and demolition costs incurred by Dow. These charges were included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, and were allocated entirely to the Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment. There were no remaining amounts accrued in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015.

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NOTE 17—ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI), net of income taxes, consisted of:


	Cumulative		Pension & Other			Foreign Exchange
	Translation		Postretirement Benefit			Cash Flow
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015	Adjustments		Plans, Net			Hedges, Net	Total
Balance as of June 30, 2016	$	(106,702)	$	(45,887)	$	4,173	$	(148,416)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		1,488		—		(2,035)		(547)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income (1)		—		533		(245)		288
Balance as of September 30, 2016	$	(105,214)	$	(45,354)	$	1,893	$	(148,675)

Balance as of June 30, 2015	$	(96,669)	$	(55,834)	$	(405)	$	(152,908)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		1,234		—		114		1,348
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income (1)		—		797		(17)		780
Balance as of September 30, 2015	$	(95,435)	$	(55,037)	$	(308)	$	(150,780)


	Cumulative		Pension & Other		Foreign Exchange
	Translation		Postretirement Benefit		Cash Flow
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015	Adjustments		Plans, Net			Hedges, Net	Total
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	(109,120)	$	(46,166)	$	5,569	$	(149,717)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		3,906		(800)		(3,060)		46
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income (1)		—		1,612		(616)		996
Balance at September 30, 2016	$	(105,214)	$	(45,354)	$	1,893	$	(148,675)

Balance at December 31, 2014	$	(17,755)	$	(57,462)	$	—	$	(75,217)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(77,680)		—		(367)		(78,047)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income (1)		—		2,425		59		2,484
Balance at September 30, 2015	$	(95,435)	$	(55,037)	$	(308)	$	(150,780)

(1)

The following is a summary of amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively:


	Amount Reclassified from AOCI				Amount Reclassified from AOCI
AOCI Components	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Statement of Operations
	2016		2015		2016		2015		Classification
Cash flow hedging items
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges	$	(245)	$	(17)	$	(616)	$	59	Cost of sales
Total before tax		(245)		(17)		(616)		59
Tax effect		—		—		—		—	Provision for income taxes
Total, net of tax	$	(245)	$	(17)	$	(616)	$	59

Amortization of pension and other postretirement benefit plan items
Prior service credit	$	(461)	$	(380)	$	(1,382)	$	(1,153)	(a)
Net actuarial loss		1,250		1,530		3,770		4,627	(a)
Total before tax		789		1,150		2,388		3,474
Tax effect		(256)		(353)		(776)		(1,049)	Provision for income taxes
Total, net of tax	$	533	$	797	$	1,612	$	2,425

(a)

These AOCI components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit costs (see Note 11).

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NOTE 18—SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Secondary Offerings and Tender Offer

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Parent sold 37,269,567 ordinary shares pursuant to the Company’s shelf registration statement filed with the SEC. The following table summarizes these transactions.


Trade Month	Underwriters	Shares Sold by Parent	Price per Share
March 2016(1)	Goldman, Sachs & Co.	10,600,000	$	35.63
May 2016	Goldman, Sachs & Co.	8,000,000	$	42.90
August 2016	Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC Jefferies LLC	8,000,000	$	49.15
September 2016	Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC	10,669,567	$	54.05

(1)

Concurrently with the completion of the offering in March 2016, the Company agreed to repurchase from Goldman, Sachs & Co. 1,600,000 of the ordinary shares that were sold by the Parent in the offering at the same $35.63 price per share paid by Goldman, Sachs & Co. to the Parent, resulting in an aggregate purchase price of $57.0 million. These repurchased shares have been recorded at cost within “Treasury shares” in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2016.

Additionally, because a repurchase transaction was completed as part of the offering, in order to satisfy certain requirements of Luxembourg law, promptly following the completion of the offering, the Company commenced a tender offer to purchase up to an additional 1,165,000 shares from its shareholders (other than the Parent) at the same price per share that it paid to Goldman, Sachs & Co. for the shares repurchased as part of this offering. The tender offer expired on April 25, 2016, with 38,702 ordinary shares repurchased by the Company for an aggregate purchase price of $1.4 million.

Additional Share Repurchases and Repayments of Equity

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company purchased an additional 2,511,631 ordinary shares from its shareholders through a combination of open market transactions for an aggregate purchase price of $135.7 million. These repurchased shares have been recorded at cost within “Treasury shares” in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2016.

In 2016, pursuant to the authority granted to it by its shareholders, the Company began declaring repayments of equity on its’ ordinary shares. The following table summarizes these declarations.


Month of Declaration	Date of Record	Date of Payment	Repayment of Equity per Share		Total Repayment of Equity
June 2016	July 6, 2016	July 20, 2016	$	0.30	$	13,920
September 2016	October 12, 2016	October 26, 2016	$	0.30	$	13,396	(1)

(1)

This amount was recorded within “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2016.

NOTE 19—EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per ordinary share (“basic EPS”) is computed by dividing net income available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of the Company’s ordinary shares outstanding for the applicable period. Diluted earnings per ordinary share (“diluted EPS”) is calculated using net income available to ordinary shareholders divided by diluted weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding during each period, which includes unvested RSUs and stock option awards. Diluted EPS considers the impact of potentially dilutive securities except in periods in which there is a loss because the inclusion of the potential ordinary shares would have an anti-dilutive effect.

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The following table presents basic EPS and diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Earnings:
Net income	$	67,254	$	52,055	$	239,805	$	90,515
Shares:
Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding		45,865		48,778		47,152		48,773
Dilutive effect of RSUs and option awards*		1,096		211		889		163
Diluted weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding		46,961		48,989		48,041		48,936
Income per share:
Income per share—basic	$	1.47	$	1.07	$	5.09	$	1.86
Income per share—diluted	$	1.43	$	1.06	$	4.99	$	1.85

* Refer to Note 12 for discussion of RSUs and option awards granted to certain Company directors and employees.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

2016 Year-to-Date Highlights

The third quarter of 2016 resulted in continued strong performance for Trinseo, noting net income of $67.3 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $143.3 million. We’ve experienced similar results on a year-to-date basis, noting net income of $239.8 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $468.9 million. Refer to “Other Important Performance Measures” below for further discussion of our use of non-GAAP measures in evaluating our performance. Other highlights for the year are described below.

SSBR Pilot Plant and Capacity Expansion

In October 2016, the Company announced its plans to build a new SSBR pilot plant in Schkopau, Germany, allowing for a more efficient use of Trinseo’s production facilities, enhanced innovation in the performance tires market, and accelerated time to market for these innovations. The pilot plant is expected to begin operations in the fourth quarter of 2017.

The Company also announced in October 2016 its plans to expand SSBR production capacity by 50 KT at its existing manufacturing facility in Schkopau, Germany. This increased investment is in direct response to rising customer demand for this critical technology, which is a key component in increasing energy efficiency, safety, and durability in performance tires. This additional capacity is expected to be online in January 2018.

New Segmentation

Effective October 1, 2016, the Company will realign its reporting segments in order to provide increased clarity around the drivers of profitability and cash flow. First, the existing Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment will be split into three new segments: Basic Plastics, which includes polystyrene, copolymers, and polycarbonate; Feedstocks, which represents our styrene monomer business; and Americas Styrenics, to reflect the equity earnings from our 50%-owned polystyrene joint venture. In addition, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (or ABS) supplied into Performance Plastics markets, which was previously included in the results of Basic Plastics & Feedstocks, will now be included in Performance Plastics. Finally, the Latex segment will be renamed to Latex Binders.

Secondary Offerings and Tender Offer

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Parent sold a combined 37,269,567 ordinary shares by means of several secondary offerings pursuant to the Company’s shelf registration statement filed with the SEC. As a result, as of September 30, 2016, the Parent no longer holds any ownership interest in the Company. Concurrently with the completion of one of these offerings in March 2016, the Company repurchased 1,600,000 of the ordinary shares that were sold by the Parent, resulting in an aggregate purchase price of $57.0 million.

Additional Share Repurchases and Repayments of Equity

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, under existing authority from the Company’s board of directors, the Company purchased 2,511,631 ordinary shares from its shareholders through a combination of open market transactions for an aggregate purchase price of $135.7 million.

In July 2016, the Company made a repayment of equity to its shareholders with an aggregate value of $13.9 million, or $0.30 per ordinary share. In September 2016, the Company’s board of directors declared a repayment of equity of $0.30 per ordinary share payable in cash on October 26, 2016 to shareholders of record as of October 12, 2016.

Livorno Plant Restructuring

In August 2016, the Company announced its plan to cease manufacturing activities at its latex manufacturing facility in Livorno, Italy. This is a result of declining demand for graphical paper and is expected to provide improved asset utilization, as well as cost reductions within the Company’s European latex business. Production at the facility ceased in October 2016, with decommissioning activities expected to occur throughout the remainder of 2016 into 2017.

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Total charges of $16.0 million were incurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 related to this restructuring.

Divestiture of Brazil Businesses

During the second quarter of 2016, the Company signed a definitive agreement to sell its primary operating entity in Brazil, which includes both a latex and automotive business. The sale closed on October 1, 2016. As a result, during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded an impairment charge for the estimated loss on sale of approximately $13.2 million as well as $0.7 million of restructuring charges. Refer to Notes 15 and 16 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information. We do not expect this divestiture to have a material impact on the Company’s ongoing financial position or results of operations.

Appointment of Chief Financial Officer

In May 2016, the Company announced the appointment of Barry Niziolek as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Trinseo, effective June 13, 2016.

Results of Operations

Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 and 2015

The tables below set forth our historical results of operations, and these results as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Net sales	$	935.4	$	1,028.0	$	2,799.2	$	3,074.9
Cost of sales		795.0		916.4		2,349.4		2,718.1
Gross profit		140.4		111.6		449.8		356.8
Selling, general and administrative expenses		73.9		51.1		180.6		153.6
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		36.7		33.5		110.3		111.0
Operating income		103.2		94.0		379.5		314.2
Interest expense, net		18.8		19.5		56.5		73.9
Loss on extinguishment of long-term debt		—		—		—		95.2
Other expense, net		1.1		1.2		16.7		8.0
Income before income taxes		83.3		73.3		306.3		137.1
Provision for income taxes		16.0		21.2		66.5		46.6
Net income	$	67.3	$	52.1	$	239.8	$	90.5

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	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net sales		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Cost of sales		85.0	%		89.1	%		83.9	%		88.4	%
Gross profit		15.0	%		10.9	%		16.1	%		11.6	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		7.9	%		5.0	%		6.5	%		5.0	%
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		3.9	%		3.3	%		3.9	%		3.6	%
Operating income		11.0	%		9.2	%		13.5	%		10.2	%
Interest expense, net		2.0	%		1.9	%		2.0	%		2.4	%
Loss on extinguishment of long-term debt		—	%		—	%		—	%		3.1	%
Other expense, net		0.1	%		0.1	%		0.6	%		0.3	%
Income before income taxes		8.9	%		7.2	%		10.9	%		4.4	%
Provision for income taxes		1.7	%		2.1	%		2.4	%		1.5	%
Net income		7.2	%		5.1	%		8.5	%		2.9	%

Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $92.6 million, or 9.0%, to $935.4 million from $1,028.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 9.0% decrease, 8.9% was due to lower selling prices primarily due to the pass through of lower raw material costs, including lower styrene and butadiene costs to customers across our segments. In addition, 0.1% of the decrease was due to lower sales volume primarily in Basic Plastics & Feedstocks and Synthetic Rubber, partially offset by higher sales volume in Latex in the paper and carpet markets in North America and Asia. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $121.4 million, or 13.2%, to $795.0 million from $916.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 13.2% decrease, 13.2% was attributable to lower prices for raw materials, primarily butadiene and styrene monomer, while an additional 0.7% of the decrease was due to slightly lower fixed costs from prior year plant maintenance activities. Partially offsetting these decreases was a 0.7% increase due to volume mix, as we had an increase in higher cost products offsetting the decrease in lower cost products. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $28.8 million, or 25.8%, to $140.4 million from $111.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The increase was primarily attributable to higher margins due to timing of the pass through of raw materials costs in our Basic Plastics & Feedstocks, Latex, and Performance Plastics segments. Partially offsetting this increase was an unfavorable volume impact primarily driven by lower sales in both Basic Plastics & Feedstocks and Synthetic Rubber. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $22.8 million, or 44.6%, to $73.9 million from $51.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. The majority of this increase is driven by an increase of $15.7 million in restructuring charges, primarily related to the Company’s decision to cease manufacturing activities at our latex facility in Livorno, Italy. In addition, $2.9 million of the increase was driven by one-time accelerated expense as a result of the complete liquidation of the Parent’s ownership interest in the Company through secondary offerings. Refer to Notes 16 and 12, respectively, in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information. Also driving this change were increased employee benefit

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costs, costs from additional resources supporting growth initiatives, and certain costs incurred to support secondary offerings of the Parent (see Note 13).

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliates

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates for the three months ended September 30, 2016 was $36.7 million compared to equity in earnings of $33.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. This increase was primarily attributable to an increase of $2.1 million in the equity earnings from Americas Styrenics for the period, due to higher margin from the timing of raw material purchases. Sumika Styron Polycarbonate noted an increase of $1.1 million in equity earnings for the period, noting improved PC market conditions.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2016 was $18.8 million compared to $19.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. This slight decrease was primarily attributable to lower deferred financing fee amortization recorded into interest expense from our Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility.

Other Expense, net

Other expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2016 was $1.1 million, which consisted primarily of net foreign exchange transaction losses of approximately $0.4 million, additional impairment charges of $0.3 million for the estimated loss on sale of the Company’s latex and automotive businesses in Brazil, and other expenses. Refer to Note 15 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information. Included in the net foreign exchange losses of $0.4 million were foreign exchange transaction losses of $1.5 million, primarily driven by the remeasurement of our euro denominated payables due to the relative changes in rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro during the quarter, offset by $1.1 million in gains from our foreign exchange forward contracts.

Other expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2015 was $1.2 million, which consisted primarily of net foreign exchange transaction losses of approximately $2.2 million, partially offset by other miscellaneous income of $1.0 million. Included in the net foreign exchange losses of $2.2 million were foreign exchange transaction losses of $6.7 million, primarily driven by the remeasurement of our euro denominated payables due to the relative changes in rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro during the quarter, offset by $4.5 million in gains from our foreign exchange forward contracts.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2016 was $16.0 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 19.2%. Provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2015 was $21.2 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 28.9%.

The decrease in provision for income taxes was primarily driven by a higher proportion of income before taxes attributable to non-U.S. jurisdictions, where the statutory income tax rate is lower than the U.S. statutory income tax rate. This decrease was partially offset by the $10 million increase in income before income taxes, from $73.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015 to $83.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net Sales

Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $275.7 million, or 9.0%, to $2,799.2 million from $3,074.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 9.0% decrease, 7.3% was due to lower selling prices primarily due to the pass through of lower raw material costs, including lower styrene and butadiene costs to customers across our segments. Also driving this reduction in net sales was a decrease of 1.2% due to sales volume, primarily within Synthetic Rubber and Performance Plastics, and a decrease of 0.5% due to an unfavorable currency impact across our segments, as the euro weakened in comparison to the U.S. dollar on a year-to-date basis.

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Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $368.7 million, or 13.6%, to $2,349.4 million from $2,718.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 13.6% decrease, 11.3% was attributable to lower prices for raw materials, primarily butadiene and styrene monomer, while an additional 1.0% of the decrease was due to lower sales volume primarily within Synthetic Rubber and Performance Plastics. Also contributing to the decrease was a 0.8% impact from the reduction in fixed costs due to prior year plant maintenance activities and a 0.4% decrease due to a favorable currency impact across our segments, as the euro weakened in comparison to the U.S. dollar on a year-to-date basis.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $93.0 million, or 26.1%, to $449.8 million from $356.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase was primarily attributable to higher margins across our segments, especially in styrene, styrenic polymers, and PC within Basic Plastics & Feedstocks. Partially offsetting this increase was an unfavorable volume impact, primarily within Synthetic Rubber and Performance Plastics, as well as an unfavorable currency impact as the euro weakened in comparison to the U.S. dollar on a year-to-date basis.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $27.0 million, or 17.6%, to $180.6 million from $153.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The majority of this increase is driven by $17.1 million of increased restructuring charges, primarily related to the Company’s decision to cease manufacturing activities at our latex facility in Livorno, Italy. In addition, $5.4 million of the increase was related to an increase in stock-based compensation expense, which included $2.9 million of one-time accelerated expense as a result of the complete liquidation of the Parent’s ownership interest in the Company through secondary offerings. Refer to Notes 16 and 12, respectively, in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information. Also driving this change were increased employee benefit costs, costs from additional resources supporting growth initiatives, and certain costs incurred to support secondary offerings of the Parent (see Note 13).

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliates

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $110.3 million compared to equity in earnings of $111.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. This slight decrease was primarily attributable the equity earnings from Americas Styrenics, which decreased to $104.9 million from $108.0 million, driven primarily by the impact to gross profit caused by the planned turnaround at their St. James, Louisiana styrene facility during the first quarter of 2016. This was offset by Sumika Styron Polycarbonate, which noted equity earnings of $5.4 million for the period, compared to $3.0 million in the prior year, noting improved PC market conditions.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $56.5 million compared to $73.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. This decrease in interest expense was primarily attributable to the impact of the debt refinancing executed in May 2015, which reduced applicable interest rates. Refer to Note 6 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Loss on Extinguishment of Long-Term Debt

Loss on extinguishment of long-term debt was zero for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared to $95.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, related to the debt refinancing in May 2015. This amount was comprised of a $68.6 million call premium paid to retire the Company’s 2019 Senior Notes and a $25.9 million write-off of unamortized deferred financing fees related to these notes, as well as the write-off of $0.7 million of unamortized deferred financing fees related to the termination of the Company’s 2018 Revolving Facility.

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Other Expense, net

Other expense, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $16.7 million, driven by an impairment charge for the estimated loss on sale of its latex and automotive businesses in Brazil of approximately $13.2 million. Refer to Note 15 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information. Adding to these losses were net foreign exchange transaction losses of $2.0 million. Included in these net losses of $2.0 million were foreign exchange transaction losses of $4.1 million, primarily driven by the remeasurement of our euro denominated payables due to the relative changes in rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro during the period, offset by $2.1 million in gains from our foreign exchange forward contracts.

Other expense, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was $8.0 million, which consisted primarily of net foreign exchange transaction losses of approximately $8.3 million, partially offset by other miscellaneous income of $0.3 million. Included in the net foreign exchange losses of $8.3 million were foreign exchange transaction gains of $0.9 million, primarily driven by the remeasurement of our euro denominated payables due to the relative changes in rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro during the period, more than offset by $9.2 million in losses from our foreign exchange forward contracts.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $66.5 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 21.7%. Provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was $46.6 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 34.0%.

The increase in provision for income taxes was primarily driven by the $169.2 million increase in income before income taxes, from $137.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 to $306.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

This increase in the provision for income taxes was partially offset by a higher proportion of income before taxes attributable to non-U.S. jurisdictions, where the statutory income tax rate is lower than the U.S. statutory income tax rate.

Additionally, this increase in the provision for income taxes was partially offset by a net reduction of losses generated within companies which are not anticipated to provide a tax benefit to the Company in the future. These losses are primarily generated within our holding companies incorporated in Luxembourg and our primary operating company incorporated in Brazil. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016 these losses totaled approximately $52.0 million and included an impairment charge of $13.2 million for the estimated loss on sale of Trinseo Brazil. Refer to Note 15 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2015 these losses totaled approximately $73.5 million and included payments made in our Luxembourg entities of $18.6 million related to a portion of the fees associated with the call premium paid to retire the Company’s 2019 Senior Notes and $5.6 million related to the write off of the related unamortized deferred financing fees. Refer to Note 6 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

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Selected Segment Information

The following tables present net sales and EBITDA by segment and as a percentage of total net sales and net sales by segment, respectively, for the following periods:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Net sales(1)
Latex segment	$	242.6	$	254.9	$	684.6	$	740.7
Synthetic Rubber segment		112.7		126.0		326.3		370.7
Performance Plastics segment		175.4		179.9		527.9		562.1
Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment		404.7		467.2		1,260.4		1,401.4
Corporate unallocated(2)		—		—		—		—
Total	$	935.4	$	1,028.0	$	2,799.2	$	3,074.9
EBITDA(3)
Latex segment	$	12.7	$	24.3	$	47.8	$	60.7
Synthetic Rubber segment		28.5		27.4		81.8		72.0
Performance Plastics segment		25.3		14.5		77.6		60.9
Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment		86.2		70.2		303.8		251.4
Corporate unallocated(2)		(26.8)		(20.6)		(76.4)		(166.7)
Total	$	125.9	$	115.8	$	434.6	$	278.3


		Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
		September 30,						September 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net sales(1)
Latex segment		25.9	%		24.8	%		24.5	%		24.1	%
Synthetic Rubber segment		12.0	%		12.3	%		11.7	%		12.1	%
Performance Plastics segment		18.8	%		17.5	%		18.9	%		18.3	%
Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment		43.3	%		45.4	%		44.9	%		45.5	%
Corporate unallocated(2)		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%
Total		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
EBITDA(3)
Latex segment		5.2	%		9.5	%		7.0	%		8.2	%
Synthetic Rubber segment		25.3	%		21.7	%		25.1	%		19.4	%
Performance Plastics segment		14.4	%		8.1	%		14.7	%		10.8	%
Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment		21.3	%		15.0	%		24.1	%		17.9	%
Corporate unallocated(2)		(2.9)	%		(2.0)	%		(2.7)	%		(5.4)	%
Total		13.5	%		11.3	%		15.5	%		9.1	%

(1)

Inter-segment sales have been eliminated.

(2)

Corporate unallocated includes corporate overhead costs, loss on extinguishment of long-term debt, and certain other income and expenses. Percentages for corporate unallocated are based on total sales.

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(3)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Net income	$	67.3	$	52.1	$	239.8	$	90.5
Interest expense, net		18.8		19.5		56.5		73.9
Provision for income taxes		16.0		21.2		66.5		46.6
Depreciation and amortization		23.8		23.0		71.8		67.3
EBITDA	$	125.9	$	115.8	$	434.6	$	278.3

There are limitations to using financial performance measures such as EBITDA. Other companies in our industry may define EBITDA differently than we do. As a result, it may be difficult to use EBITDA, or similarly-named financial measures that other companies may use, to compare the performance of those companies to our performance. We compensate for these limitations by providing reconciliations of our EBITDA results to our net income, which is determined in accordance with GAAP.

Latex Segment

We are a global leader in styrene-butadiene latex, or SB latex, holding a strong market position across the geographies and applications in which we compete, including the #1 position in SB latex capacity in Europe and the #2 position in capacity in North America. We produce SB latex primarily for coated paper used in advertising and magazines, packaging board coatings, carpet and artificial turf backings, as well as a number of performance latex applications. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, approximately 42% of our Latex segment’s net sales were generated in Europe, approximately 28% were generated in the United States, and the majority of the remaining sales were generated in Asia.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $12.3 million, or 4.8%, to $242.6 million from $254.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 4.8% decrease in net sales, 8.2% was due to lower selling prices primarily due to the pass through of lower butadiene and styrene costs to our customers, partially offset by a 3.3% increase driven by higher sales volume to the paper and carpet markets in North America and Asia. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $11.6 million, or 47.7%, to $12.7 million from $24.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. Notwithstanding the impacts of certain restructuring efforts (discussed below), EBITDA increased by $3.8 million from margin improvements during the period driven by price increases in North America (excluding the impact of raw material pass through), as well as a $2.0 million increase due to sales volume, driven largely by higher volume to the paper market in Asia. Offsetting these increases were decreases of $16.0 million due to restructuring charges incurred in the third quarter of 2016 related to the Livorno plant restructuring, which included property, plant, and equipment and other asset impairment charges, and employee termination benefit charges and contract termination charges. Refer to Note 16 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $56.1 million, or 7.6%, to $684.6 million from $740.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 7.6% decrease in net sales, 7.5% was due to lower selling prices, primarily due to the pass through of lower butadiene and styrene costs to our customers, and 0.3% was due to an unfavorable currency impact as the euro weakened in comparison to the U.S. dollar on a year-to-date

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basis. These decreases were partially offset by a 0.3% increase due to higher sales volume to the Asia paper and carpet markets.

EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $12.9 million, or 21.3%, to $47.8 million from $60.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Notwithstanding the impacts of certain restructuring efforts and portfolio refinements (discussed below), EBITDA increased by $9.3 million from margin improvements during the period, driven by price increases in North America and freight and utility savings, particularly in Asia. Offsetting this increase were decreases of $16.0 million due to restructuring charges incurred in 2016 related to the Livorno plant restructuring, as noted above, as well as an impairment charge of $4.2 million recorded during 2016 on the estimated loss on sale of the Company’s latex business in Brazil. In addition, restructuring charges related to our Allyn’s Point plant closure increased by $1.4 million compared to prior year. Refer to Notes 15 and 16 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Synthetic Rubber Segment

We are a significant producer of styrene-butadiene and polybutadiene-based rubber products and we have a leading European market position in solution styrene-butadiene rubber, or SSBR. While substantially all of our sales were generated in Europe for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, approximately 24% of these net sales were exported to Asia, 6% to Latin America and 8% to North America.

We have a broad synthetic rubber technology and product portfolio, focusing on specialty products, such as SSBR, lithium polybutadiene rubber, or Li-PBR, and neodymium polybutadiene rubber, or Nd-PBR, while also producing core products, such as emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber, or ESBR. Our synthetic rubber products are extensively used in tires, with approximately 83% of our net sales from this segment in 2015 attributable to the tire market. We estimate that three quarters of these sales relate to replacement tires. We have strong relationships with many of the top global tire manufacturers and believe we have remained a supplier of choice as a result of our broad rubber portfolio and ability to offer technologically differentiated product and product customization capabilities. Other applications for our synthetic rubber products include polymer modification and technical rubber goods.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $13.3 million, or 10.6%, to $112.7 million from $126.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 10.6% decrease in net sales, 7.6% was due to lower selling prices, primarily resulting from the pass through of lower butadiene and styrene costs to customers, and 3.0% was due to decreased sales volume, primarily in SSBR due to the timing of shipments. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $1.1 million, or 4.0%, to $28.5 million from $27.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. This increase from prior year was primarily driven by a 17.6% improvement in fixed costs, as the prior year included lower fixed cost absorption and higher costs from plant maintenance activities. Partially offsetting this increase was a 13.8% margin decrease driven by less favorable product mix and lower margins on some of our commodity products, as well as decreased sales volume, primarily in SSBR due to the timing of shipments. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $44.4 million, or 12.0%, to $326.3 million from $370.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 12.0% decrease in net sales, 6.9% was due to lower selling prices, primarily resulting from the pass through of lower butadiene and styrene costs to customers, and 4.4% was due to decreased sales volume, particularly in Ni-PBR. In addition, 0.7% of the decrease was driven by an unfavorable currency impact as the euro weakened in comparison to the U.S. dollar on a year-to-date basis.

EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $9.8 million, or 13.6%, to $81.8 million from $72.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. This increase from prior year was primarily driven by an increase of 20.5% due to improved fixed costs, as the prior year included lower fixed cost absorption and higher maintenance costs due to a planned turnaround, as well as an increase of 2.3% driven by improved margins. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of 8.4% due to decreased sales volumes compared to the prior year,

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particularly in Ni-PBR, and a 0.7% decrease driven by an unfavorable currency impact as the euro weakened in comparison to the U.S. dollar on a year-to-date basis.

Performance Plastics Segment

We are a producer of highly engineered compounds and blends for automotive end markets, as well as consumer electronics, medical, and electrical lighting, which we collectively call consumer essential markets, or CEM. Our strategy in this segment focuses on developing differentiated compounds and blends in line with key industry trends, such as light-weighting and improved aesthetics in automotive, increased recycled material content and a push toward LED lighting in CEM. Our history of innovation has contributed to long-standing relationships with customers who are recognized leaders in their respective end-markets. We have established a strong market presence in the global automotive and electronics sector, targeting both component suppliers and final product manufacturers. Our Performance Plastics segment also compounds and blends our PC and mass acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, or mABS, plastics into differentiated products for customers within these sectors, as well as into compounds of polypropylene. We have also developed compounds containing post-consumer recycle polymers to respond to what we believe is a growing need for some customers to include recycled content in their products.

We believe growth in this segment is driven by a number of factors, including consumer preference for lighter weight and impact-resistant products and the development of new consumer electronics, increases in LED lighting applications and continuing growth in medical device applications. Additionally, we believe growth is bolstered by sustainability trends, such as the substitution of lighter-weight plastics for metal in automobiles, as well as more energy efficient, glazing solutions.

In automotive end applications, we aim to maintain and develop sustainable, long-standing relationships with industry leaders, taking advantage of our production capacity located across four continents to drive original equipment manufacturer, or OEM, platform design wins. We continue to focus on our strategic plans to grow this segment through both current technologies and expanded offerings for car exteriors and semi-structural applications.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $4.5 million, or 2.5%, to $175.4 million from $179.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 2.5% decrease in net sales, 2.1% was due to lower selling prices primarily related to the pass through of lower raw material costs to our customers. In addition, 0.5% of the decrease was due to decreased sales volume primarily related to lower sales to the consumer electronics market in Asia. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $10.8 million, or 74.5%, to $25.3 million from $14.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. Of this 74.5% increase, 73.9% was due to higher margins in automotive due to market strength and an unfavorable price lag impact in the prior year. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $34.2 million, or 6.1%, to $527.9 million from $562.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 6.1% decrease in net sales, 4.2% was due to lower selling prices, primarily related to the pass through of lower raw material costs to our customers, and 1.6% was due to decreased sales volume, driven by lower sales to the consumer electronics market in Asia. In addition, 0.3% of the decrease was driven by an unfavorable currency impact as the euro strengthened in comparison to the U.S. dollar on a year-to-date basis.

EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $16.7 million, or 27.4%, to $77.6 million from $60.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 27.4% increase, 38.8% was due to higher margins, including unfavorable inventory timing and price lag impacts in the prior year, and 6.3% was due to improved fixed costs. These increases were partially offset by a 3.6% decrease driven by lower sales volume, primarily caused by lower sales to the consumer electronics market in Asia, which were partially offset by higher sales to the automotive market. Also offsetting this overall increase was an impairment charge of $8.4 million recorded during 2016 on the

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estimated loss on sale of the Company’s automotive business in Brazil. Refer to Note 15 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Basic Plastics & Feedstocks Segment

Basic Plastics & Feedstocks consists of styrenic polymers, including polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, or ABS, and styrene-acrylonitrile, or SAN, products, as well as PC and styrene monomer, which includes our internal productions and sourcing of styrene. This segment also includes the results of our two joint ventures, Americas Styrenics and Sumika Styron Polycarbonate. We do not anticipate investing in strategic growth initiatives in this segment in the near term. Rather, our strategy for this segment is focused on operational enhancements, margin improvement, and cash generation.

We are a leading producer of polystyrene and mABS, where we focus our efforts on differentiated applications such as the liners and encasements of appliances and consumer electronics including smartphones and tablets. Within these applications, we have worked collaboratively with customers to develop more advanced grades of plastics such as our HIPS and mABS products. For example, we work with appliance manufacturers around the world to develop improved environmental stress crack resistant products and with our construction sheet customers on smooth ABS. These products offer superior properties, such as rigidity, insulation and colorability, and, in some cases, an improved environmental footprint compared to general purpose polystyrene or emulsion ABS. Our Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment also serves the packaging and construction end-markets, where we have launched a new general purpose polystyrene product for improved performance in foam insulation applications.

PC has high levels of clarity, impact resistance and temperature resistance. PC can be used in its neat form (prior to any compounding or blending) for markets such as construction sheet, optical media and LED lighting. Additionally, PC can be compounded or blended with other polymers, such as ABS, which imparts specific performance attributes tailored to the product’s end-use. A significant portion of our PC is consumed in our Performance Plastics segment for the manufacture of our compounds and blends products. We continue to drive improvements in profitability of PC as a result of savings from our restructuring activities, as well as from improvements in industry supply and demand.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $62.5 million, or 13.4%, to $404.7 million from $467.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 13.4% decrease in net sales, 12.2% was driven by decreases in selling prices due to the pass through of lower styrene costs to customers and 1.2% of the decrease related to lower sales volumes driven by lower styrene monomer related sales. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $16.0 million, or 22.8%, to $86.2 million from $70.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015. Of this 22.8% increase, 4.6% was due to an increase in the equity earnings from our two joint ventures, while 14.9% was due to higher margins driven by favorable inventory timing. In addition, 4.4% of the increase was driven by reduced fixed costs. The impact of currency changes for the period was not significant.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015

Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 decreased by $141.0 million, or 10.1%, to $1,260.4 million from $1,401.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Of the 10.1% decrease in net sales, 8.6% was driven by decreases in selling prices due to the pass through of lower styrene costs to customers, and 0.9% was driven by a decrease in sales volume, primarily related to Asia polystyrene sales. In addition, 0.5% of the decrease was driven by an unfavorable currency impact as the euro weakened in comparison to the U.S. dollar on a year-to-date basis.

EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 increased by $52.4 million, or 20.8%, to $303.8 million from $251.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. This EBITDA increase was due primarily to higher margins in styrene, styrenic polymers, and PC. In addition, 3.3% of the increase was driven by reduced fixed costs, primarily due to prior year charges of $0.5 million related to our PC restructuring efforts and a higher level of plant maintenance activities in the prior year. Refer to Note 16 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further details. These increases were partially offset by a 0.3% decrease due to lower equity earnings from our two joint

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ventures, a 0.8% decrease due to lower sales volumes, and a 0.5% decrease due to an unfavorable currency impact as the euro weakened in comparison to the U.S. dollar on a year-to-date basis.

Other Important Performance Measures

We present Adjusted EBITDA as a non-GAAP financial performance measure, which we define as income from continuing operations before interest expense, net; income tax provision; depreciation and amortization expense; loss on extinguishment of long-term debt; asset impairment charges; gains or losses on the dispositions of businesses and assets; restructuring and other items. In doing so, we are providing both management and investors with a stronger indicator of our ongoing performance and business trends, removing the impact of transactions and events that we would not consider a part of our core operations.

There are limitations to using the financial performance measures such as Adjusted EBITDA. This performance measure is not intended to represent net income or other measures of financial performance. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to represent cash flow from operations as defined by GAAP or other measures of liquidity. As such, it should not be used as an alternative to net income as an indicator of operating performance or to cash flow as a measure of liquidity. Other companies in our industry may define Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do. As a result, it may be difficult to use this or similarly-named financial measures that other companies may use, to compare the performance of those companies to our performance. We compensate for these limitations by providing a reconciliation of this performance measure to our net income, which is determined in accordance with GAAP.

Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Net income	$	67.3	$	52.1	$	239.8	$	90.5
Interest expense, net		18.8		19.5		56.5		73.9
Provision for income taxes		16.0		21.2		66.5		46.6
Depreciation and amortization		23.8		23.0		71.8		67.3
EBITDA(a)	$	125.9	$	115.8	$	434.6	$	278.3
Loss on extinguishment of long-term debt		—		—		—		95.2
Net loss on disposition of businesses and assets(b)		0.3		—		13.2		—
Restructuring and other charges(c)		16.8		0.1		18.6		0.5
Other items(d)		0.3		0.3		2.5		2.3
Adjusted EBITDA	$	143.3	$	116.2	$	468.9	$	376.3

(a)

EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial performance measure that we refer to in making operating decisions because we believe it provides our management as well as our investors with meaningful information regarding the Company’s operational performance. We believe the use of EBITDA as a metric assists our board of directors, management and investors in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis. Other companies in our industry may define EBITDA differently than we do. As a result, it may be difficult to use EBITDA, or similarly-named financial measures that other companies may use, to compare the performance of those companies to our performance. We compensate for these limitations by providing reconciliations of our EBITDA results to our net income, which is determined in accordance with GAAP. See “—Selected Segment Information” for further detail.

(b)

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded impairment charges for the estimated loss on sale of its primary operating entity in Brazil, which includes both latex and automotive businesses. Refer to Note 15 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

(c)

Restructuring and other charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 relate primarily to $16.0 million in charges incurred in connection with the decision to cease manufacturing activities at our latex manufacturing facility in Livorno, Italy, consisting of an impairment charge for unrecoverable net book value of property, plant, and equipment and other assets, as well as employee and contract termination charges. The remaining restructuring charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 relate to charges incurred in connection with the decision to divest our operations in Brazil as well as the closure of our Allyn’s Point latex

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manufacturing facility. Restructuring and other charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 relate primarily to the PC restructuring within our Basic Plastics & Feedstocks segment.

Note that the accelerated depreciation charges incurred as part of the Allyn’s Point shutdown announced in September 2015 are included within the “Depreciation and amortization” caption above, and therefore are not included as a separate adjustment within this caption. Refer to Note 16 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

(d)

Other items for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 relate to fees incurred in conjunction with the Company’s secondary offerings completed during these periods. Refer to Note 13 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion. Other items for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 represent costs related to the process of changing our corporate name from Styron to Trinseo.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows

The table below summarizes our primary sources and uses of cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. We have derived the summarized cash flow information from our unaudited financial statements.


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	324.7	$	205.7
Investing activities		(77.7)		(76.6)
Financing activities		(211.7)		(24.1)
Effect of exchange rates on cash		(0.3)		(5.0)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	35.0	$	100.0

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 totaled $324.7 million, driven predominantly by earnings for the period. Also driving cash flow from operating activities for the period was $100.0 million in dividends from our 50%-owned joint venture, Americas Styrenics.

Net cash used in operating assets and liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 totaled $38.0 million, the most significant drivers of which were increases in accounts receivable of $30.2 million and inventories of $27.6 million, respectively, offset by an increase in accounts payable and other current liabilities of $23.1 million. The increase in accounts receivable is primarily due to higher net sales during the third quarter of 2016, compared to the fourth quarter of 2015, primarily driven by increasing raw material prices as well as volume increases in certain businesses. The increase in inventory is primarily due to increasing raw material prices and the increase in accounts payable and other current liabilities is primarily due to timing of payments as well as increases in prices for raw materials purchases.

Net cash provided by operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 totaled $205.7 million, driven by earnings for the period. Also driving cash from operating activities for the period was $87.5 million in dividends from Americas Styrenics. These increases were noted despite several significant decreases to operating cash flows, which included $81.7 million in interest payments made on our 2019 Senior Notes prior to their May 2015 retirement as well as a $68.6 million call premium paid to retire those notes.

Net cash provided by operating assets and liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 totaled $47.6 million, the most significant components of which were decreases in inventories of $63.1 million and increases in income taxes payable of $26.8 million, offset by a decrease in accounts payables and other current liabilities of $47.9 million. Inventory decreased due to higher volume sold during the third quarter of 2015 when compared to the fourth quarter of 2014, as well as decreases in raw materials prices. Increase in income taxes payable is driven primarily by the Company’s significant improvement in earnings before taxes compared to the prior year, particularly in Americas

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Styrenics. The decrease in accounts payable and other current liabilities is primarily due to timing of payments as well as decreases in prices for raw materials purchases.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 totaled $77.7 million, driven by capital expenditures of $82.7 million during the period, a significant portion of which related to our project to upgrade our legacy ERP environment to the latest version of SAP. Partially offsetting these capital expenditures were dividends received from Sumika Styron Polycarbonate during the period, $4.8 million of which were classified as investing activities on the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows, with the remaining $1.4 million classified as operating activities.

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 totaled $76.6 million, consisting primarily of capital expenditures of $76.9 million during the period, net of proceeds received from a government subsidy of $2.2 million related to our capital expansion project at our rubber facility in Schkopau, Germany.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 totaled $211.7 million. This activity was primarily driven by $194.1 million of payments related to the repurchase of ordinary shares during the period and $13.9 million in repayments of equity on ordinary shares (see Note 18 to the condensed consolidated financial statements), as well as $3.8 million of principal payments related to our 2021 Term Loan B.

Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 totaled $24.1 million. The most significant activity during the period related to the May 2015 debt refinancing, which included net proceeds of $1,215.4 million from the issuance of our 2021 Term Loan B and our 2022 Senior Notes, offset by the retirement of our existing 2019 Senior Notes totaling $1,192.5 million and deferred financing fees paid in conjunction with the refinancing of $28.0 million. Also during the period, we had net repayments of short-term borrowings of $17.7 million, which largely consisted of borrowings under our short-term revolving credit facility through our subsidiary in China. We also noted borrowings from and repayments of our Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility of $25.0 million, respectively, during the period.

Capital Resources and Liquidity

We require cash principally for day-to-day operations, to finance capital investments and other initiatives, to purchase materials, to service our outstanding indebtedness, and to fund repayments of equity to our shareholders, should the Company continue to declare them. Our sources of liquidity include cash on hand, cash flow from operations and amounts available under the Senior Credit Facility and the Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility.

As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had $1,213.8 million and $1,207.8 million, respectively, in outstanding indebtedness and $898.6 million and $839.8 million, respectively, in working capital. We believe, based on our current level of operations, that these sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund our operations, capital expenditures and debt service for at least the next twelve months.

In addition, as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had $95.8 million and $73.7 million of foreign cash and cash equivalents on our balance sheet, respectively, all of which is readily convertible into other foreign currencies, including the U.S. dollar. Our intention is not to permanently reinvest our foreign cash and cash equivalents. Accordingly, we record deferred income tax liabilities related to the unremitted earnings of our subsidiaries.

As is typical, our indebtedness could affect our ability to raise additional capital, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, and expose us to interest rate risk. Management reacts strategically to mitigate these risks and monitor compliance with debt covenants in order to limit potential material impacts to our financial condition and flexibility.

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The following table outlines our outstanding indebtedness as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 and the associated interest expense, including amortization of deferred financing fees, and effective interest rates for such borrowings as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. Note that the effective interest rates below exclude the impact of deferred financing fee amortization.


	As of and for the Nine Months Ended						As of and for the Year Ended
	September 30, 2016						December 31, 2015
			Effective						Effective
			Interest		Interest				Interest		Interest
(dollars in millions)	Balance		Rate		Expense		Balance		Rate		Expense
2018 Senior Secured Credit Facility
2018 Revolving Facility	$	—	—		$	—	$	—	—		$	1.6
Senior Credit Facility
2021 Term Loan B		492.7	4.3	%		17.5		496.4	4.3	%		15.4
2020 Revolving Facility		—	—			2.5		—	—			2.3
2019 Senior Notes		—	—					—	8.8	%		40.4
2022 Senior Notes
USD Notes		300.0	6.8	%		15.8		300.0	6.8	%		13.8
Euro Notes		419.3	6.4	%		20.7		409.5	6.4	%		17.9
Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility		—	—			2.7		—	2.7	%		4.1
Other indebtedness		1.8	4.8	%		(0.1)		1.9	2.5	%		0.1
Total	$	1,213.8			$	59.1	$	1,207.8			$	95.6

Our Senior Credit Facility includes the 2020 Revolving Facility, which matures in May 2020, and has a borrowing capacity of $325.0 million. As of September 30, 2016, the Company had no outstanding borrowings, and had $308.4 million (net of $16.6 million outstanding letters of credit) of funds available for borrowings under the 2020 Revolving Facility. Further, we note that, as of September 30, 2016, the Borrowers are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the 2020 Revolving Facility equal to 0.375% per annum.

We also continue to maintain our Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility set to mature in May 2019, under which our borrowing capacity is $200.0 million. As of September 30, 2016, there were no amounts outstanding under the Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility, with approximately $119.1 million of funds available for borrowing under this facility, based on the pool of eligible accounts receivable.

Our other borrowing arrangements include our $500.0 million 2021 Term Loan B (maturing in November 2021), which requires scheduled quarterly payments in amounts equal to 0.25% of the original principal, and our 2022 Senior Notes (maturing in May 2022), whose U.S. dollar equivalent outstanding amount as of September 30, 2016 totaled $719.3 million.

The Senior Credit Facility and Indenture contain certain customary affirmative, negative and financial covenants. As of September 30, 2016, the Company was in compliance with all of these debt covenant requirements. Refer to the Annual Report for further information on the details of these covenant requirements.

Our ability to raise additional financing and our borrowing costs may be impacted by short- and long-term debt ratings assigned by independent rating agencies, which are based, in significant part, on our performance as measured by certain credit metrics such as interest coverage and leverage ratios.

We and our subsidiaries, affiliates or significant direct or indirect shareholders may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases in the open market, privately negotiated transactions, exchange transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A. and Trinseo Materials Finance, Inc. (the “Issuers” of our 2022 Senior Notes and “Borrowers” under our Senior Credit Facility) are dependent upon the cash generation and receipt of distributions and dividends or other payments from our subsidiaries and joint ventures in order to satisfy their debt obligations. There are no known significant restrictions by third parties on the ability of subsidiaries of the Company to disburse or

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dividend funds to the Issuers and the Borrowers in order to satisfy these obligations. However, as the Company’s subsidiaries are located in a variety of jurisdictions, the Company can give no assurances that its subsidiaries will not face transfer restrictions in the future due to regulatory or other reasons beyond our control.

As noted above, during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company continued to generate strong cash flows from operations. However, we can make no assurances that, in the future, our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us under the Senior Credit Facility in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness, or to fund our other liquidity needs. In addition, our current indebtedness may limit our ability to procure additional financing in the future. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we were in compliance with all the covenants and default provisions under our debt agreements.

The Senior Credit Facility and Indenture also limit the ability of the Borrowers and Issuers, respectively, to pay dividends or make other distributions to Trinseo S.A., which could then be used to make distributions to shareholders. As noted in Note 18 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, in July 2016, Trinseo S.A. made a repayment of equity to shareholders of $0.30 per ordinary share (totaling $13.9 million), with an additional repayment of equity to shareholders of $0.30 per ordinary share declared as of September 30, 2016. These repayments of equity are well within the available capacity under the terms of the restrictive covenants contained in the Senior Credit Facility and Indenture. Further, significant additional capacity continues to be available under the terms of these covenants to support expected future repayments of equity to shareholders, should the Company continue to declare them.

We believe that funds provided by operations, our existing cash and cash equivalent balances, borrowings available under our 2020 Revolving Facility and borrowings available under our Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility will be adequate to meet planned operating and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months under current operating conditions. However, if we were to undertake any significant acquisitions or investments, it may be necessary for us to obtain additional debt or equity financings. We may not be able to obtain such financing on reasonable terms, or at all.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

Other than the impact of the amendment to our supplemental employee retirement plan, which increased our projected benefit obligation under this plan by $1.3 million and extended the expected estimate of future benefit payments to 2018 (discussed in Note 11 to the condensed consolidated financial statements), there have been no material revisions outside the ordinary course of business to our contractual obligations as described within “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments” within our Annual Report.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements are based on the selection and application of significant accounting policies. The preparation of unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and revenues and expenses at the date of and during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. However, we are not currently aware of any reasonably likely events or circumstances that would result in materially different results.

We describe our significant accounting policies in Note 2, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report, while we discuss our critical accounting policies and estimates in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” within our Annual Report.

There have been no material revisions to the critical accounting policies as filed in our Annual Report.

Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

We describe the impact of recent accounting pronouncements in Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements, included elsewhere within this Quarterly Report.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

As discussed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” within our Annual Report, we are exposed to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates as well as changes in the prices of certain commodities that we use in production. There have been no material changes in our exposure to market risks from the information provided within our Annual Report.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining internal controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in our reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2016. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report were effective to provide the reasonable level of assurance described above.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

In 2015, the Company began a two-year project to upgrade our legacy ERP environment to an updated version of SAP through a phased implementation approach. Through the third quarter of 2016, we have completed the migration of our North America and Asia Pacific operations, with implementation in our European operations expected to be completed by the end of 2016. In connection with this implementation, we have updated the processes that constitute our internal control over financial reporting, as necessary, to accommodate related changes to our business processes.

The Company believes we have maintained appropriate internal controls during our initial phased implementation period and will continue to evaluate, test and monitor our internal controls over financial reporting for effectiveness as processes and procedures in each of these impacted areas and regions evolve.

There have been no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time we may be subject to various legal claims and proceedings incidental to the normal conduct of business, relating to such matters as product liability, antitrust, competition, waste disposal practices, release of chemicals into the environment and other matters that may arise in the ordinary course of our business. We currently believe that there is no litigation pending that is likely to have a material adverse effect on our business. Regardless of the outcome, legal proceedings can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our business faces various risks. Certain important factors may have a material adverse effect on our business prospects, financial condition and results of operations, and you should carefully consider them. Accordingly, in evaluating our business, we encourage you to consider the risk factors related to our ordinary shares as well those risk

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factors related to our business and industry which have been previously disclosed in Item 1A of our Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2015 as well as Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2016, for which there have been no material changes. We encourage you to consider these risks, in their entirety, in addition to other information contained in or incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report and our other public filings with the SEC. Other events that we do not currently anticipate or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a)Recent sales of unregistered securities

None.

(b)Use of Proceeds from registered securities

None.

(c)Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The following table contains information regarding purchases of our ordinary shares made during the quarter ended September 30, 2016 by or on behalf of the Company or any “affiliated purchaser,” as defined by Rule 10b-18(a)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:


Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period	Total number of shares purchased	Average price paid per share		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs	Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs
July 1 - July 31, 2016	—	$	—	—	$	100,000,000	(1)
August 1 - August 31, 2016	1,265,963	$	57.53	1,265,963	$	27,163,809	(1)
September 1 - September 30, 2016	493,231	$	54.50	493,231	$	—	(1)
Total	1,759,194	$	56.68	1,759,194

(1)

The general meeting of our shareholders on June 21, 2016 authorized the Company to repurchase up to 4.5 million ordinary shares at a price per share of not less $1.00 and not more than $1,000. This authorization ends on June 21, 2018 or on the date of its renewal by a subsequent general meeting of shareholders. On June 22, 2016 the Company announced that the board of directors had authorized the Company to repurchase, subject to market and other conditions, up to $100 million of its ordinary shares under the 2016 share repurchase authorization. As of September 30, 2016, the Company had expended the entire $100 million authorized by the board of directors.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

See Exhibit Index.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized.

Date: November 3, 2016

	TRINSEO S.A.

	By:	/s/ Christopher D. Pappas
	Name:	Christopher D. Pappas
	Title:	President, Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

	By:	/s/ Barry J. Niziolek
	Name:	Barry J. Niziolek
	Title:	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

v
Exhibit No.	Description
3.1	Amended and Restated Articles of Association of Trinseo S.A. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Annual Report filed on Form 10-K, File No. 001-36473, filed March 10, 2015)

4.1	Form of Specimen Share Certificate of Trinseo S.A. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1, File No. 333-194561, filed May 16, 2014)

4.2	Indenture among Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A., Trinseo Materials Finance, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, dated as of May 5, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report filed on Form 8-K, File No. 001-36473, filed May 11, 2015)

10.1	Form of Director Offer Letter (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report filed on Form 8-K, File No. 001-36473, filed August 31, 2016)

31.1†	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2†	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1†	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2†	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002


101.INS†	XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document


101.CAL†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document


101.LAB†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

† Filed herewith.