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TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL - Quarter Report: 2015 March (Form 10-Q)

trt10q_mar312015.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

R QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2015

OR

o   
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from ___ to ___

Commission File Number 1-14523

TRIO-TECH   INTERNATIONAL
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

California
  
95-2086631
(State or other jurisdiction of
  
(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)
  
Identification Number)
     
16139 Wyandotte Street
    
Van Nuys, California
  
91406
(Address of principal executive offices)
  
(Zip Code)

           Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code:  818-787-7000

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes R No o   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  R  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
 Large Accelerated Filer
 o
  
  Accelerated Filer
 o
         
 Non-Accelerated Filer 
 o
  
 Smaller Reporting Company 
 x
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o   No x

As of May 05, 2015, there were 3,513,055 shares of the issuer’s Common Stock, no par value, outstanding.

 
 
 

TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
INDEX TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION, OTHER INFORMATION AND SIGNATURE

   
Page
Part I.
  
     
  Item 1.
  
  
2
 
3
  4
 
5
 
6
 
7
  Item 2.
26
  Item 3.
42
  Item 4.
42
     
Part II.
  
     
  Item 1.
43
  Item 1A.
43
  Item 2.
43
  Item 3.
43
  Item 4.
43
  Item 5.
43
  Item 6.
43
     
Signatures
  
44


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The discussions of Trio-Tech International’s (the “Company”) business and activities set forth in this Form 10-Q and in other past and future reports and announcements by the Company may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and assumptions regarding future activities and results of operations of the Company.  In light of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company: market acceptance of Company products and services; changing business conditions or technologies and volatility in the semiconductor industry, which could affect demand for the Company’s products and services; the impact of competition; problems with technology; product development schedules; delivery schedules; changes in military or commercial testing specifications which could affect the market for the Company’s products and services; difficulties in profitably integrating acquired businesses, if any, into the Company; risks associated with conducting business internationally and especially in Southeast Asia, including currency fluctuations and devaluation, currency restrictions, local laws and restrictions and possible social, political and economic instability; changes in U.S. and global financial and equity markets, including market disruptions and significant interest rate fluctuations; and other economic, financial and regulatory factors beyond the Company’s control. Other than statements of historical fact, all statements made in this Quarterly Report are forward-looking, including, but not limited to, statements regarding industry prospects, future results of operations or financial position, and statements of our intent, belief and current expectations about our strategic direction, prospective and future financial results and condition. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “potential,” “believes,” “can impact,” “continue,” or the negative thereof or other comparable terminology.  Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that are inherently difficult to predict, which could cause actual outcomes and results to differ materially from our expectations, forecasts and assumptions.

Unless otherwise required by law, we undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events, changed circumstances, or the occurrence of unanticipated events. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT NUMBER OF SHARES)
 
   
March 31,
2015
    
June 30,
2014
  
ASSETS
  
(Unaudited)
        
CURRENT ASSETS:
            
Cash and cash equivalents
   $ 2,373     $ 2,938  
Short-term deposits
     104       102  
Trade accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $458 and $438
     8,361       8,625  
Other receivables
     284       311  
Inventories, less provision for obsolete inventory of $715 and $844
     1,410       1,106  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
     302       205  
 Total current assets
     12,834       13,287  
NON-CURRENT ASSETS:
                
Deferred tax assets 
     360       388  
Investments
     -       -  
Investment properties, net
     1,669       1,765  
Property, plant and equipment, net
     12,208       13,541  
Loans receivable from property development projects
     -       805  
Other assets
     2,029       1,263  
Restricted term deposits
     2,610       3,541  
             Total non-current assets
     18,876       21,303  
TOTAL ASSETS
   $ 31,710     $ 34,590  
                 
LIABILITIES
                
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
                
Lines of credit
   $ 1,819     $ 3,767  
Accounts payable
     2,387       3,162  
Accrued expenses
     3,765       3,046  
Income taxes payable
     241       214  
Current portion of bank loans payable
     169       448  
Current portion of capital leases
     146       81  
 Total current liabilities
     8,527       10,718  
 NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES:
                
Bank loans payable, net of current portion
     2,118       2,598  
Capital leases, net of current portion
     274       200  
Deferred tax liabilities
     164       202  
Other non-current liabilities
     39       39  
 Total non-current liabilities
     2,595       3,039  
TOTAL LIABILITIES
   $ 11,122     $ 13,757  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
     -       -  
EQUITY
                
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL’S SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:
                
Common stock, no par value, 15,000,000 shares authorized; 3,513,055 shares issued and outstanding as at March 31, 2015 and June 30, 2014, respectively
   $ 10,882     $ 10,882  
Paid-in capital
     3,078       2,972  
Accumulated retained earnings
     1,891       1,725  
Accumulated other comprehensive gain-translation adjustments
     2,896       3,522  
 Total Trio-Tech International shareholders' equity
     18,747       19,101  
Non-controlling interests
     1,841       1,732  
         TOTAL EQUITY
   $ 20,588     $ 20,833  
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
   $ 31,710     $ 34,590  
 
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
UNAUDITED (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT EARNINGS PER SHARE)

   
Nine Months Ended
    
Three Months Ended
  
   
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
  
   
2015
    
2014
    
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
                        
  Products
  
$
11,574
    
$
13,495
    
$
4,362
    
$
3,394
  
  Testing services
    
13,829
      
13,244
      
4,138
      
4,599
  
  Others
    
130
      
136
      
43
      
46
  
                                 
     
25,533
      
26,875
      
8,543
      
8,039
  
Cost of Sales
                                
   Cost of products sold
    
9,711
      
11,305
      
3,435
      
2,895
  
   Cost of testing services rendered
    
8,991
      
9,420
      
2,586
      
3,142
  
   Others
    
103
      
105
      
34
      
35
  
                                 
     
18,805
      
20,830
      
6,055
      
6,072
  
                                 
Gross Margin
    
6,728
      
6,045
      
2,488
      
1,967
  
                                 
Operating Expenses:
                                
  General and administrative
    
5,175
      
5,429
      
1,737
      
1,757
  
  Selling
    
531
      
553
      
235
      
140
  
  Research and development
    
138
      
150
      
44
      
49
  
  Impairment loss
    
70
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
  Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    
28
      
11
      
-
      
-
  
           Total operating expenses
    
5,942
      
6,143
      
2,016
      
1,946
  
                                 
Income / (Loss) from Operations
    
786
      
(98
)
    
472
      
21
  
                                 
Other (Expenses) / Income
                                
  Interest expenses
    
(174
)
    
(196
)
    
(52
)
    
(62
)
  Other income, net
    
57
      
36
      
3
      
77
  
  Total other (expenses) / income
    
(117
)
    
(160
)
    
(49
)
    
15
  
                                 
Income / (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes
    
669
      
(258
)
    
423
      
36
  
                                 
Income (Expenses) / Tax Benefits
    
(256
)
    
266
      
(170
)
    
184
  
                                 
Income from continuing operations before non-controlling interest, net of tax
    
413
      
8
      
253
      
220
  
                                 
Discontinued Operations (Note 16)
                                
Income / (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
    
7
      
(38
)
    
(13
)
    
34
  
NET INCOME / (LOSS)
    
420
      
(30
)
    
240
      
254
  
                                 
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interest
    
251
      
195
      
41
      
97
  
Net Income / (Loss) Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders
  
 $
169
    
 $
(225
)
  
 $
199
    
 $
157
  
                                 
Amounts Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders:
                                
Income / (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax
    
166
      
(204
)
    
207
      
138
  
Income / (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
    
3
      
(21
)
    
(8
)
    
19
  
Net Income / (Loss) Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders
  
$
169
    
$
(225
)
  
$
199
    
$
157
  
Basic and Diluted Earnings / (Loss) per Share:
                                
Basic and diluted earnings / (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
0.05
    
$
(0.06
)
  
$
0.06
    
$
0.04
  
Basic and diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
-
    
$
-
    
$
-
    
$
0.01
  
Basic and Diluted Earnings / (Loss) per Share from Net  Income / (Loss) Attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
0.05
    
$
(0.06
)
  
$
0.06
    
$
0.05
  
                                 
                                 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
                                
Basic
    
3,513
      
3,513
      
3,513
      
3,513
  
Dilutive effect of stock options
    
41
      
-
      
16
      
69
  
Number of shares used to compute earnings per share diluted
    
3,554
      
3,513
      
3,529
      
3,582
  
 
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
UNAUDITED (IN THOUSANDS)
 
    Nine Months Ended    
Three Months Ended
  
   
Mar. 31,
2015
    
Mar. 31,
2014
    
Mar. 31,
2015
    
Mar. 31,
2014
  
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders: 
                                
                                 
Net income / (loss)
    
420
      
(30
)
    
240
      
254
  
Foreign currency translation, net of tax
    
(767
)
    
(394
)
    
(353
)
    
(249
)
Comprehensive (Loss) / Income
    
(347
)
    
(424
)
    
(113
)
    
5
  
Less: comprehensive income / (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest
    
110
      
82
      
(39
)
    
88
  
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Trio-Tech International Common Shareholders
  
 $
(457
)
  
$
(506
)
  
$
(74
)
  
$
(83
)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(IN THOUSANDS) 
 
    Common
Stock
     Additional Paid-in
Capital
     Accumulated Retained
Earnings
    
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income		    
Non- Controlling
Interests		        
    Shares     Amount                     Total  
          $     $     $     $     $     $  
Balance at June 30, 2013
    
3,322
      
10,531
      
2,756
      
1,668
      
3,680
      
1,971
      
20,606
  
                                                         
Stock option expenses
    
-
      
-
      
216
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
216
  
Net income
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
57
      
-
      
144
      
201
  
Translation adjustments
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
(158
)
    
(70
)
    
(228
)
Dividend declared by subsidiary 
    
- 
      
- 
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
(313
)
    
(313
)
Stock options exercised
    
191
      
351
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
351
  
Balance at June 30, 2014
    
3,513
      
10,882
      
2,972
      
1,725
      
3,522
      
1,732
      
20,833
  
                                                         
Stock option expenses
    
-
      
-
      
97
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
97
  
Net income
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
166
      
-
      
251
      
417
  
Translation adjustments
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
(626
)
    
(142
)
    
(768
)
Dividend declared by subsidiary 
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Contribution to capital – payable forgiveness
    
-
      
-
      
9
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
9
  
Stock options exercised
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Balance at Mar. 31, 2015
    
3,513
      
10,882
      
3,078
      
1,891
      
2,896
      
1,841
      
20,588
  

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (IN THOUSANDS)
 
  Nine Months Ended
March 31,
2015
     Nine Months Ended
March 31,
2014
  
  (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  
Cash Flow from Operating Activities              
Net income / (loss)
$
420
    
$
(30
 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income / (loss) to net cash flow provided by operating activities
              
Depreciation and amortization
  
1,742
      
1,798
  
Bad debt expense, net
  
50
      
362
  
Inventory recovery
  
(77
)
    
(63
 ) 
Warranty expense, net
  
77
      
-
  
Accrued interest expense, net of interest income
  
27
      
123
  
Loss on sale of property-continued operations
  
28
      
56
  
Impairment loss
  
70
      
-
  
Contribution to capital – payable forgiveness
  
9
      
-
  
Stock option expenses
  
97
      
208
  
Deferred tax provision
  
(3
)
    
(31
 ) 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisition effects
              
  Accounts receivables
  
244
      
517
  
  Other receivables
  
27
      
1,360
  
  Other assets
  
42
      
(1,225
)
  Inventories
  
(307
)
    
707
  
  Prepaid expenses and other current assets
  
(96
)
    
64
  
  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
  
13
      
(467
)
  Income taxes payable
  
29
      
(251
)
  Other non-current liabilities
  
-
      
26
  
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
  
2, 392
      
3,154
  
               
Cash Flow from Investing Activities
              
Proceeds from maturing of restricted & un-restricted deposits
  
636
      
-
  
Additions to property, plant and equipment
  
(1,460
)
    
(2,297
)
Proceeds from disposal of plant, property and equipment
  
15
      
31
  
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
  
(809
)
    
(2,266
)
               
Cash Flow from Financing Activities
              
Repayment on lines of credit
  
(1,644
)
    
(1,018
)
Repayment of bank loans and capital leases
  
(570
)
    
(795
)
Proceeds from long-term bank loans
  
260
      
525
  
Proceeds from exercising stock options
  
-
      
351
  
Dividend paid to non-controlling interest
  
(3
)
    
(82
)
               
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities   (1,957 )     (1,019 )
               
Effect of Changes in Exchange Rate
  
(191
)
    
(113
)
               
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
  
(565
 )     
(244
)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD
  
2,938
      
2,793
  
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD
$
2,373
    
$
2,549
  
               
Supplementary Information of Cash Flows
              
Cash paid during the period for:
              
Interest
$
177
    
$
196
  
Income taxes
$
8
    
$
16
  
               
Non-Cash Transactions
              
  Capital leases of property, plant and equipment
$
260
    
$
67
  
 
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT EARNINGS PER SHARE AND NUMBER OF SHARES)

1. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Trio-Tech International (the “Company” or “TTI” hereafter) was incorporated in fiscal 1958 under the laws of the State of California.  TTI provides third-party semiconductor testing and burn-in services primarily through its laboratories in Southeast Asia. In addition, TTI operates testing facilities in the United States.  The Company also designs, develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of equipment and systems used in the manufacturing and testing of semiconductor devices and electronic components. In fiscal 2015, TTI conducted business in the foregoing four segments: Manufacturing, Testing Services, Distribution and Real Estate. TTI has subsidiaries in the U.S., Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and China as follows:
 
 
Ownership
  
Location
       
Express Test Corporation (Dormant)
100%
  
Van Nuys, California
Trio-Tech Reliability Services (Dormant)
100%
  
Van Nuys, California
KTS Incorporated, dba Universal Systems (Dormant)
100%
  
Van Nuys, California
European Electronic Test Centre (Dormant)
100%
  
Dublin, Ireland
Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd.
100%
  
Singapore
Universal (Far East) Pte. Ltd.  *
100%
  
Singapore
Trio-Tech International (Thailand) Co. Ltd. *
100%
  
Bangkok, Thailand
Trio-Tech (Bangkok) Co. Ltd.
100%
  
Bangkok, Thailand
(49% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. and 51% owned by
Trio-Tech International (Thailand) Co. Ltd.)
      
Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.
(55% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd.)
55%
  
Penang and Selangor, Malaysia
Trio-Tech (Kuala Lumpur) Sdn. Bhd.
55%
  
Selangor, Malaysia
(100% owned by Trio-Tech Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.)
      
Prestal Enterprise Sdn. Bhd.
76%
  
Selangor, Malaysia
(76% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd.)
      
Trio-Tech (Suzhou) Co. Ltd. *
100%
  
Suzhou, China
Trio-Tech (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. * (Dormant)
100%
  
Shanghai, China
Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co. Ltd. *
100%
  
Chongqing, China
SHI International Pte. Ltd. (Dormant)
(55% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd)
55%
  
Singapore
PT SHI Indonesia (Dormant)
(100% owned by SHI International Pte. Ltd.)
55%
  
Batam, Indonesia
Trio-Tech (Tianjin) Co. Ltd. *
100%
  
Tianjin, China
 
 * 100% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd.


The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X.  All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars.  The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for fair presentation have been included.  Operating results for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2015.  For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company's annual report for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014.

2.   NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) amended ASU 2015-07 Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent) remove the requirement to categorize within the fair value hierarchy all investments for which fair value is measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient. The amendments also remove the requirement to make certain disclosures for all investments that are eligible to be measured at fair value using the net asset value per share practical expedient. Rather, those disclosures are limited to investments for which the entity has elected to measure the fair value using that practical expedient.

The amendments in ASU 2015-07 are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. A reporting entity should apply the amendments retrospectively to all periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

The amendments in ASU 2015-06 specify that for purposes of calculating historical earnings per unit under the two-class method, the earnings (losses) of a transferred business before the date of a dropdown transaction should be allocated entirely to the general partner.

The amendments in ASU 2015-06 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied retrospectively for all financial statements presented. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

The amendments in ASU 2015-02 are intended to improve targeted areas of consolidation guidance for legal entities such as limited partnerships, limited liability corporations, and securitization structures (collateralized debt obligations, collateralized loan obligations, and mortgage-backed security transactions).
 
The amendments in ASU 2015-02 are effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. ASU 2015-02 may be applied retrospectively in previously issued financial statements for one or more years with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first year restated. The company has not yet determined the effects on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations on the adoption of this update.
 
The amendments in ASU 2015-01 eliminates from U.S. GAAP the concept of extraordinary items. Subtopic 225-20, Income Statement - Extraordinary and Unusual Items, required that an entity separately classify, present, and disclose extraordinary events and transactions. Presently, an event or transaction is presumed to be an ordinary and usual activity of the reporting entity unless evidence clearly supports its classification as an extraordinary item.

The amendments in ASU 2015-01 are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. A reporting entity may apply the amendments prospectively. A reporting entity also may apply the amendments retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted provided that the guidance is applied from the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
 

FASB amended ASU 2014-15 to define management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organization’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures.

Under GAAP, financial statements are prepared under the presumption that the reporting organization will continue to operate as a going concern, except in limited circumstances. The going concern basis of accounting is critical to financial reporting because it establishes the fundamental basis for measuring and classifying assets and liabilities.

Currently, GAAP lacks guidance about management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about the organization’s ability to continue as a going concern or to provide related footnote disclosures.

ASU 2014-15 provides guidance to an organization’s management, with principles and definitions that are intended to reduce diversity in the timing and content of disclosures that are commonly provided by organizations today in the financial statement footnotes.

The amendments in ASU 2014-15 are effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. While early application is permitted for annual or interim reporting periods for which the financial statements have not previously been issued, the Company has not elected to early adopt. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

FASB has issued converged standards on revenue recognition. Specifically, the Board has issued FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09 (“ASU 2014-09”), Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Topic 606.

ASU 2014-09 affects any entity using U.S. GAAP that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets unless those contracts are within the scope of other standards (e.g., insurance contracts or lease contracts). ASU 2014-09 will supersede the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and most industry-specific guidance. ASU 2014-09 also supersedes some cost guidance included in Subtopic 605-35, Revenue Recognition—Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts. In addition, the existing requirements for the recognition of a gain or loss on the transfer of nonfinancial assets that are not in a contract with a customer (e.g., assets within the scope of Topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, and intangible assets within the scope of Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other) are amended to be consistent with the guidance on recognition and measurement (including the constraint on revenue) in ASU 2014-09.

For a public entity, the amendments in ASU 2014-09 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early application is not permitted. The adoption of this update is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

The FASB has issued ASU No. 2014-08 (“ASU 2014-08”), Presentation of Financial Statements (“Topic 205”) and Property, Plant, and Equipment (“Topic 360”): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity. The amendments in ASU 2014-08 change the criteria for reporting discontinued operations while enhancing disclosures in this area. It also addresses sources of confusion and inconsistent application related to financial reporting of discontinued operations guidance in U.S. GAAP.

Under the new guidance, only disposals representing a strategic shift in operations should be presented as discontinued operations. Those strategic shifts should have a major effect on the organization’s operations and financial results. Examples include a disposal of a major geographic area, a major line of business, or a major equity method investment.

In addition, the new guidance requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide financial statement users with more information about the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of discontinued operations.

The new guidance also requires disclosure of the pre-tax income attributable to a disposal of a significant part of an organization that does not qualify for discontinued operations reporting. This disclosure will provide users with information about the ongoing trends in a reporting organization’s results from continuing operations.

The amendments in the ASU 2014-08 are effective in the first quarter of 2015 for public organizations with calendar year ends. For most nonpublic organizations, it is effective for annual financial statements with fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2014. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this update did not have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Other new pronouncements issued but not yet effective until March 31, 2015 are not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
 

3.  INVENTORIES
 
Inventories consisted of the following:
 
   
Mar. 31,
2015
(Unaudited)
    
June 30,
2014
  
Raw materials
  
$
1,063
    
$
1,165
  
Work in progress
    
783
      
583
  
Finished goods
    
411
      
184
  
Less: provision for obsolete inventory
    
(715
)
    
(844
)
Currency translation effect
    
(132
)
    
18
 
   
$
1,410
    
$
1,106
  
 
The following table represents the changes in provision for obsolete inventory:
 
   
Mar. 31,
2015
(Unaudited)
    
June 30,
2014
  
Beginning
  
$
844
    
$
912
  
Additions charged to expenses
    
27
      
-
  
Usage - disposition
    
(104
)
    
(76
)
Currency translation effect
    
(52
)
    
8
  
Ending
  
$
715
    
$
844
  

4.  STOCK OPTIONS

On September 24, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors unanimously adopted the 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “2007 Employee Plan”) and the 2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan (the “2007 Directors Plan”) each of which was approved by the shareholders on December 3, 2007. Each of those plans was amended by the Board in 2010 to increase the number of shares covered thereby, which amendments were approved by the shareholders on December 14, 2010. At present, the 2007 Employee Plan provides for awards of up to 600,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock to employees, consultants and advisors. The Board also amended the 2007 Directors Plan in November 2013 to further increase the number of shares covered thereby from 400,000 shares to 500,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the shareholders on December 9, 2013. The 2007 Directors Plan provides for awards of up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock to the members of the Board of Directors in the form of non-qualified options and restricted stock. These two plans are administered by the Board, which also establishes the terms of the awards.

Assumptions

The fair value for the options granted were estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions, assuming no expected dividends: 

    Nine Months Ended
March 31,
2015
     Year Ended
June 30,
2014
  
Expected volatility
    
71.44%  to 104.94%
      
70.01% to 104.94%
  
Risk-free interest rate
    
0.30% to 0.78%
      
0.30% to 0.78%
  
Expected life (years)
    
2.50
      
2.50 to 3.25
  

The expected volatilities are based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. Due to higher volatility, the observation is made on a daily basis for the nine months ended March 31, 2015. The observation period covered is consistent with the expected life of options. The expected life of the options granted to employees has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method as prescribed by ASC Topic 718 Stock Based Compensation, which, among other provisions, allows companies without access to adequate historical data about employee exercise behavior to use a simplified approach for estimating the expected life of a "plain vanilla" option grant. The simplified rule for estimating the expected life of such an option is the average of the time to vesting and the full term of the option. The risk-free rate is consistent with the expected life of the stock options and is based on the United States Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
 

2007 Employee Stock Option Plan

The Company’s 2007 Employee Plan permits the grant of stock options to its employees covering up to an aggregate of 600,000 shares of Common Stock. Under the 2007 Employee Plan, all options must be granted with an exercise price of not less than fair value as of the grant date and the options granted must be exercisable within a maximum of ten years after the date of grant, or such lesser period of time as is set forth in the stock option agreements. The options may be exercisable (a) immediately as of the effective date of the stock option agreement granting the option, or (b) in accordance with a schedule related to the date of the grant of the option, the date of first employment, or such other date as may be set by the Compensation Committee. Generally, options granted under the 2007 Employee Plan are exercisable within five years after the date of grant, and vest over the period as follows: 25% vesting on the grant date and the remaining balance vesting in equal installments on the next three succeeding anniversaries of the grant date. The share-based compensation will be recognized in terms of the grade method on a straight-line basis for each separately vesting portion of the award. Certain option awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the 2007 Employee Plan).
 
The Company did not grant any stock options pursuant to the 2007 Employee Plan during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expenses of $8 and $15 in the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively under the 2007 Employee Plan. The balance of unamortized stock-based compensation of $12 based on the fair value on the grant date related to options granted under the 2007 Employee Plan is to be recognized over a period of two years.

During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2014, the Company granted stock options covering 15,000 and 35,000 shares of Common Stock respectively, to certain employees pursuant to the 2007 Employee Plan. The exercise price of these stock options was equal to the fair value of the Company’s Common Stock (as defined under the 2007 Employee Plan in conformity with Regulation 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) on the dates of grant, September 17, 2013 and December 9, 2013, respectively.  The stock options covering 15,000 shares vested as of the grant date, while the stock options covering 35,000 shares vest over the period as follows: 25% vesting on the grant date and the remaining balance vesting in equal installments on the next three succeeding anniversaries of the grant date. The fair values as of March 31, 2014 of the options to purchase 15,000 and 35,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock were approximately $22 and $3, respectively, based on the fair values of $1.52 and $2.04 per share, respectively, determined by using the Black Scholes option pricing model. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expenses of $33 in the nine months ended March 31, 2014 under the 2007 Employee Plan. The balance of unamortized stock-based compensation of $35 based on fair value on the grant date related to options granted under the 2007 Employee Plan is to be recognized over a period of three years.

No stock options were exercised during the three and nine month period ended March 31, 2015.

Stock options to purchase 126,500 shares of Common Stock were exercised during the nine month period ended March 31, 2014. Cash received from the options exercised during the nine months ended March 31, 2014 was $239.

As of March 31, 2015, there were vested employee stock options that were exercisable covering a total of 112,500 shares of Common Stock. The weighted-average exercise price was $4.06 and the weighted average contractual term was 1.53 years. The total fair value of vested and outstanding employee stock options as of March 31, 2015 was $457.

As of March 31, 2014, there were vested employee stock options covering a total of 120,750 shares of Common Stock. The weighted-average exercise price was $3.80 and the weighted average remaining contractual term was 2.03 years. The total fair value of vested employee stock options as of March 31, 2014 was $459.

A summary of option activities under the 2007 Employee Plan during the nine month period ended March 31, 2015 is presented as follows:

   
Options
    
Weighted Average
Exercise
Price
    
Weighted Average Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
    
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
  
Outstanding at July 1, 2014
    
130,000
    
$
3.93
      
2.57
    
$
13
  
Granted
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Exercised
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Forfeited or expired
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Outstanding at March 31, 2015
    
130,000
    
$
3.93
      
1.82
    
$
-
  
Exercisable at March 31, 2015
    
112,500
    
$
4.06
      
1.53
    
$
-
  
 

A summary of option activities under the 2007 Employee Plan during the nine month period ended March 31, 2014 is presented as follows:

   
Options
    
Weighted Average
Exercise
Price
    
Weighted Average Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
    
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
  
Outstanding at July 1, 2013
    
263,500
    
$
3.06
      
1.57
    
$
122
  
Granted
    
50,000
      
3.26
      
4.62
      
-
  
Exercised
    
(126,500
) 
    
(1.89
) 
    
-
      
(175
) 
Forfeited or expired
    
(40,000
) 
    
(4.77
) 
    
-
      
-
  
Outstanding at March 31, 2014
    
147,000
    
$
3.67
      
2.50
    
$
29
  
Exercisable at March 31, 2014
    
120,750
    
$
3.80
      
2.03
    
$
26
  

The fair value of the 126,500 shares of common stock acquired upon exercise of options was $175.

A summary of the status of the Company’s non-vested employee stock options during the nine months ended March 31, 2015 is presented below: 

   
Options
    
Weighted Average Grant-Date
Fair Value
  
Non-vested at July 1, 2014
    
26,250
    
$
1.69
  
Granted
    
-
      
-
  
Vested
    
(8,750
)
    
(1.69
)
Forfeited
    
-
      
-
  
Non-vested at March 31, 2015
    
17,500
    
$
1.69
  

A summary of the status of the Company’s non-vested employee stock options during the nine months ended March 31, 2014 is presented below: 

   
Options
    
Weighted Average Grant-Date
Fair Value
  
Non-vested at July 1, 2013
    
20,375
    
$
3.29
  
Granted
    
50,000
      
1.65
  
Vested
    
(44,125
)
    
(2.33
) 
Forfeited
    
-
      
-
  
Non-vested at March 31, 2014
    
26,250
    
$
1.69
  

2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan

The 2007 Directors Plan permits the grant of options covering up to an aggregate of 500,000 shares of Common Stock to its non-employee directors in the form of non-qualified options and restricted stock. The exercise price of the non-qualified options is 100% of the fair value of the underlying shares on the grant date. The options have five-year contractual terms and are generally exercisable immediately as of the grant date.

On October 21, 2014, the Company granted options to purchase 50,000 shares of its Common Stock to directors pursuant to the 2007 Directors Plan with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of Common Stock (as defined under the 2007 Directors Plan in conformity with Regulation 409A or the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) at the date of grant. The fair value of the options granted to purchase 50,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock was approximately $82 based on the fair value of $3.81 per share determined by the Black Scholes option pricing model. As all of the stock options granted under the 2007 Directors Plan vest immediately at the date of grant, there were no unvested stock options granted under the 2007 Directors Plan as of March 31, 2015.


During the three and  nine months ended March 31, 2014, the Company granted options to purchase (a) 60,000 shares of its Common Stock to directors pursuant to the 2007 Directors Plan with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of Common Stock (as defined under the 2007 Directors Plan in conformity with Regulation 409A or the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) on September 17 2013, the date of grant thereof, and (b) 40,000 shares of its Common Stock to our directors pursuant to the 2007 Directors Plan in conformity with Regulation 409A or the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) on December 9, 2013, the date of grant thereof. The fair value of the options granted to purchase 60,000 shares and 40,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock were approximately $217 and $124, respectively, based on the fair value of $3.62 and $3.10 per share, respectively, determined by the Black Scholes option pricing model.

No stock options were exercised during the nine months ended March 31, 2015.

Stock options to purchase 65,000 shares of its Common Stock were exercised during the nine months ended March 31, 2014. The total proceeds received were $112. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expenses of $175 in the nine months ended March 31, 2014 under the 2007 Directors Plan.
  
A summary of option activities under the 2007 Directors Plan during the nine months ended March 31, 2015 is presented as follows: 
 
   
Options
    
Weighted Average
Exercise
Price
    
Weighted
Average Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
    
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
  
Outstanding at July 1, 2014
    
315,000
    
$
3.62
      
2.63
    
$
82
  
Granted
    
50,000
      
3.81
      
-
      
-
  
Exercised
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Forfeited or expired
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Outstanding at March 31, 2015
    
365,000
    
$
3.64
      
2.24
    
$
30
  
Exercisable at March 31, 2015
    
365,000
    
$
3.64
      
2.24
      
30
  

A summary of option activities under the 2007 Directors Plan during the nine months ended March 31, 2014 is presented as follows:

   
Options
    
Weighted Average
Exercise
Price
    
Weighted Average Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
    
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
  
Outstanding at July 1, 2013
    
340,000
    
$
3.53
      
1.96
    
$
80
  
Granted
    
100,000
      
3.41
      
3.41
      
-
  
Exercised
    
(65,000
)
    
1.72
      
-
      
(98
) 
Forfeited or expired
    
(60,000
)
    
(4.81
)
    
-
      
-
  
Outstanding at March 31, 2014
    
315,000
    
$
3.62
      
3.12
    
$
67
  
Exercisable at March 31, 2014
    
315,000
    
$
3.62
      
3.12
    
$
67
  

5.   EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company adopted ASC Topic 260, Earnings Per Share. Basic EPS are computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders (numerator) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding (denominator) during the period.  Diluted EPS give effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during a period.  In computing diluted EPS, the average price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options and warrants.
 
Stock options to purchase 430,000 shares of Common Stock at exercise prices ranging from $3.10 to $4.35 per share were outstanding as of March 31, 2015 and were excluded in the computation of diluted EPS because they were anti-dilutive.
 

Stock options to purchase 462,000 shares of Common Stock at exercise prices ranging from $1.72 to $9.57 per share were outstanding as of March 31, 2014 and were excluded in the computation of diluted EPS because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

The following table is a reconciliation of the weighted average shares used in the computation of basic and diluted EPS for the years presented herein:
 
   
Nine Months Ended
    
Three Months Ended
  
   
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
  
   
2015
    
2014
    
2015
    
2014
  
   
(Unaudited)
    
(Unaudited)
    
(Unaudited)
    
(Unaudited)
  
Income / (loss) attributable to Trio-Tech International common shareholders from continuing operations, net of tax
  
$
166
    
$
(204
)
  
$
207
    
$
138
  
Income / (loss) attributable to Trio-Tech International common shareholders from discontinued operations, net of tax
    
3
      
(21
)
    
(8
)
    
19
  
Net income / (loss) attributable to Trio-Tech International common shareholders
  
$
169
    
$
(225
)
  
$
199
    
$
157
  
Basic and diluted earnings / (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
0.05
      
(0.06
)
    
0.06
      
0.04
  
Basic and diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
-
      
-
      
-
      
0.01
  
Basic and diluted earnings / (loss) per share from net income  / (loss) attributable to Trio-Tech International
  
$
0.05
    
$
(0.06
)
  
$
0.06
    
$
0.05
  
                                 
Number of common shares used to compute earnings per share - basic
    
3,513
      
3,513
      
3,513
      
3,513
  
                                 
Dilutive effect of stock options
    
41
      
-
      
16
      
69
  
Number of common shares used to compute earnings per share - diluted
    
3,554
      
3,513
      
3,529
      
3,582
  

6.   ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS

Accounts receivable consists of customer obligations due under normal trade terms. Although management generally does not require collateral, letters of credit may be required from the customers in certain circumstances. Management periodically performs credit evaluations of the customers’ financial conditions.

Senior management reviews accounts receivable on a periodic basis to determine if any receivables will potentially be uncollectible. Management includes any accounts receivable balances that are determined to be uncollectible in the allowance for doubtful accounts.  After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance.  Based on the information available to us, management believed the allowance for doubtful accounts as of March 31, 2015 and June 30, 2014 was adequate.  

 The following table represents the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts:
 
   
Mar. 31,
2015
(Unaudited)
    
June 30,
2014
  
Beginning
  
$
438
    
$
139
  
Additions charged to expenses
    
56
      
303
  
Recovered / write-off
    
(6
)
    
(2
)
Currency translation effect
    
(30
)
    
(2
)
Ending
  
$
458
    
$
438
  
 

7.   WARRANTY ACCRUAL

The Company provides for the estimated costs that may be incurred under its warranty program at the time the sale is recorded.  The warranty period for products manufactured by the Company is generally one year or the warranty period agreed with the customer.  The Company estimates the warranty costs based on the historical rates of warranty returns.  The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amounts as necessary.
 
    Mar. 31,
2015
(Unaudited)
     June 30,
2014
  
Beginning
  
$
60
    
$
61
  
Additions charged to cost and expenses
    
94
      
23
  
Recovered
    
-
      
(25
)
Actual usage
    
(17
)
    
-
  
Currency translation effect
    
(10
)
    
1
  
Ending     127       60  

8.  INCOME TAX

The Company had no material adjustments to its liabilities for unrecognized income tax benefits according to the provisions of ASC Topic 740 Income Tax. The Company had an income tax expense of $170 and $256 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, as compared to the income tax benefit of $184 and $266, respectively, for the same periods in the last fiscal year.

The Company accrues penalties and interest related to unrecognized tax benefits when necessary as a component of penalties and interest expenses, respectively.  The Company had not accrued any penalties or interest expenses relating to unrecognized benefits at March 31, 2015 and June 30, 2014.

The major tax jurisdictions in which the Company files income tax returns are the United States, Singapore, China, Thailand and Malaysia.  The statute of limitations, in general, is open for years 2004 to 2014 for tax authorities in those jurisdictions to audit or examine income tax returns.  The Company is under annual review by the inland revenue board of the respective countries.  However, the Company is not currently under tax examination in any other jurisdiction.

9.   INVESTMENT PROPERTIES

The following table presents the Company’s investment in properties in China as of March 31, 2015. The exchange rate is based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2015 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

  Investment Date  
Investment Amount
(RMB)
 
  
Investment Amount
(U.S. Dollars)
  
Purchase of rental property – Property I – MaoYe
Jan 04, 2008
    
5,554
      
894
  
Purchase of rental property – Property II – JiangHuai
Jan 06, 2010
    
3,600
      
580
  
Purchase of rental property – Property III - Fu Li
Apr 08, 2010
    
4,025
      
648
  
Currency translation
      
-
      
3
  
Gross investment in rental property
      
13,179
      
2,125
  
Accumulated depreciation on rental property
      
(3,455
)
    
(557
)
Net investment in property – China
      
9,724
      
1,568
  

The following table presents the Company’s investment in properties in China as of June 30, 2014.
 
   Investment Date  
Investment Amount
(RMB)
    
Investment Amount
(U.S. Dollars)
  
Purchase of rental property – Property I – MaoYe
Jan 04, 2008
    
5,554
      
904
  
Purchase of rental property – Property II – JiangHuai
Jan 06, 2010
    
3,600
      
586
  
Purchase of rental property – Property III - Fu Li
Apr 08, 2010
    
4,025
      
655
  
Currency translation
      
-
      
(23
)
Gross investment in rental property
      
13,179
      
2,122
  
Accumulated depreciation on rental property
      
(2,961
)
    
(476
)
Net investment in property – China
      
10,218
      
1,646
  
 

The following table presents the Company’s investment in properties in Malaysia as of March 31, 2015. The exchange rate is based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2015 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

     
(RM)
    
(U.S. Dollars)
  
Purchase of rental property – Penang Property I
Dec 31, 2012
    
681
      
185
  
Gross investment in rental property
      
681
      
185
  
Accumulated depreciation on rental property
      
(307
)
    
(84
)
Net investment in property – Malaysia
      
374
      
101
  

The following table presents the Company’s investment in properties in Malaysia as of June 30, 2014.

     
(RM)
    
(U.S. Dollars)
  
Purchase of rental property – Penang Property I
Dec 31, 2012
    
681
      
212
  
Gross investment in rental property
      
681
      
212
  
Accumulated depreciation on rental property
      
(300
)
    
(93
)
Net investment in property – Malaysia
      
381
      
119
  

Rental Property I - MaoYe

In fiscal 2008, Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co. Ltd. (“TTCQ”) purchased an office in Chongqing, China from MaoYe Property Ltd. (“MaoYe”), for a total cash purchase price of RMB 5,554, or approximately $894 based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2015 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. TTCQ rented this property to a third party on July 13, 2008. The term of the rental agreement was five years. The rental agreement was renewed on July 16, 2014 for a further period of five years. The rental agreement provides for a rent increase of 8% every year after July 15, 2015. The renewed agreement expires on July 15, 2018.

Property purchased from MaoYe generated a rental income of RMB 179, or approximately $29, and RMB 537, or approximately $87, for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, and RMB 179, or approximately $30, and RMB 529, or approximately $87,  for the same periods in the last fiscal year, respectively.

Rental Property II - JiangHuai

In fiscal year 2010, TTCQ purchased eight units of commercial property in Chongqing, China from Chongqing JiangHuai Real Estate Development Co. Ltd. (“JiangHuai”), for a total purchase price of RMB 3,600, or approximately $580 based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2015 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. TTCQ rented all of these commercial units to a third party until the agreement expired in January 2012. TTCQ then rented three of the eight commercial units to another party during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2013 under a rental agreement that expired on March 31, 2015. Currently all the units are vacant and TTCQ has been actively looking for suitable tenants for renting all the commercial units. TTCQ has yet to receive the title deed for these properties, however TTCQ has the vacant possession of the investment property. TTCQ is in the legal process to obtain the title deed, which is dependent on JiangHuai completing the entire project.

Property purchased from JiangHuai did not generate any rental income during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, while it generated a rental income of RMB 27, or approximately $4, and RMB 82, or approximately $13, respectively, for the same periods in the last fiscal year.

Rental Properties III – Fu Li

In fiscal 2010, TTCQ entered into a Memorandum Agreement with Chongqing Fu Li Real Estate Development Co. Ltd. (“FuLi”) to purchase two commercial properties totaling 311.99 square meters (“office space”) located in Jiang Bei District Chongqing. Although TTCQ currently rents its office premises from a third party, it intends to use the office space as its office premises. The total purchase price committed and paid was RMB 4,025, or approximately $648 based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2015 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. The development was completed and the property was handed over during April 2013 and the title deed was received during the third quarter of fiscal 2014. The two commercial properties were leased to third parties under two separate rental agreements, one of which expired in April 2014 and the other expired in August 2014. For the unit for which the agreement expired in April 2014, a new tenant was identified and a new agreement was executed, which expires on April 30, 2017. The new agreement carries an increase in rent of 20% in the first year, as compared to the expired rental agreement. Thereafter the rent increases by approximately 10% for the subsequent years until April 2017. For the unit for which the agreement expired in August 2014, a new tenant was identified and a new agreement was executed, which expires on August 9, 2016. The new agreement carries an increase in rental of approximately 21% in the first year, as compared to the expired rental agreement. Thereafter the rent increases by approximately 6% for the subsequent years until August 2016.
 

Property purchased from Fu Li generated a rental income of RMB 90, or approximately $14, and RMB 265, or approximately $43, for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, while it generated a rental income of RMB 74, or approximately $12, and RMB 221, or approximately $36, respectively, for the same periods in the last fiscal year.

Penang Property I

In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2013, Trio-Tech Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. (“TTM”) determined to sell the factory building in Penang. However, as the government authorities did not approve the transaction, the sale did not take place. Because the market value was increasing during the second quarter of fiscal year 2013, TTM decided to hold the factory building in Penang as an investment rental property.  Hence TTM reclassified the factory building as investment property at the end of the second quarter of fiscal year 2013, which has a net book value of RM 374, or approximately $101, as at March 31, 2015. The depreciation expenses were approximately $1 and $2 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively. There were no such depreciation expenses for the same periods in the last fiscal year, since the asset was classified as “Assets held for sale.”

Summary

Total rental income for all investment properties (Property I, II and III) in China was $43 and $130 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, and was $46 and $136, respectively, for the same periods in the last fiscal year.

Depreciation expenses for all investment properties in China were $27 and $81 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, and were $27 and $81, respectively, for the same periods in the last fiscal year.

10.   LOANS RECEIVABLE FROM PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

The following table presents TTCQ’s loans receivable from property development projects in China as of March 31, 2015. The exchange rate is based on the date published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as of March 31, 2015.

 
Loan Expiry
  
Loan Amount
    
Loan Amount
  
Short-Term Loan Receivable
Date
  
(RMB)
    
(U.S. Dollars)
  
JiangHuai (Project - Yu Jin Jiang An)
May 31, 2013
    
2,000
      
325
  
Less: allowance for impairment
Dec 31, 2013
    
 (2,000
)
    
(325
) 
Net loan receivable from property development projects
      
-
      
-
  

 
Loan Expiry
  
Loan Amount
    
Loan Amount
  
 Long-Term Loan Receivable
Date
  
(RMB)
    
(U.S. Dollars)
  
Jun Zhou Zhi Ye
Oct 31, 2016
    
5,000
      
814
  
Less: transfer – down-payment for purchase of property
      
 (5,000
)
    
(814
) 
Net loan receivable from property development projects
      
-
      
-
  
 
On November 1, 2010, TTCQ entered into Memorandum Agreement with JiangHuai Property Development Co. Ltd. (“JiangHuai”) to invest in their property development projects (Project - Yu Jin Jiang An) located in Chongqing City, China. Due to the short-term nature of the investment, the amount was classified as a loan based on ASC Topic 310-10-25 Receivables, amounting to RMB 2,000, or approximately $325. The loan was renewed, but expired on May 31, 2014. TTCQ is in the legal process of recovering the outstanding amount of $325. TTCQ did not generate other income from JiangHuai for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, or for the same periods in the last fiscal year. An impairment of $325 was provided for during the third quarter of fiscal 2014 based on TTI’s financial policy.

On November 1, 2010, TTCQ entered into another Memorandum Agreement with JiaSheng Property Development Co. Ltd. (“JiaSheng”) to invest in their property development projects (Project B-48 Phase 2) located in Chongqing City, China. Due to the short-term nature of the investment, the amount was classified as a loan based on ASC Topic 310-10-25 Receivables, amounting to RMB 5,000, or approximately $814 based on the exchange rate as at March 31, 2015 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. The amount was unsecured and repayable at the end of the term. The loan was renewed in November 2011 for a period of one year, which expired on October 31, 2012 and was again renewed in November 2012 and expired in November 2013. On November 1, 2013 the loan was transferred by JiaSheng to and is now payable by Chong Qing Jun Zhou Zhi Ye Co. Ltd. (“Jun Zhou Zhi Ye”), and the transferred agreement expires on October 31, 2016. Hence the loan receivable was reclassified as a long-term receivable. The book value of the loan receivable approximates its fair value. TTCQ did not generate other income from Jun Zhou Zhi Ye for the three months ended March 31, 2015, however for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, TTCQ recorded RMB417, or approximately $68. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2015, the loan receivable was transferred to down payment for purchase of property that is being developed in the Singapore Themed Resort Project.


The following table presents TTCQ’s loans receivable from property development projects in China as of June 30, 2014.

 
Loan Expiry
  
Loan Amount
    
Loan Amount
  
Short-Term Loan Receivable
Date
  
(RMB)
    
(U.S. Dollars)
  
Investment in JiangHuai (Project - Yu Jin Jiang An)
May 31, 2013
    
2,000
      
325
  
Less: allowance for doubtful receivables
Dec 31, 2013
    
(2,000
)
    
(325
) 
Net loan receivable from property development projects
      
-
      
-
  
 
 
Loan Expiry
  
Loan Amount
    
Loan Amount
  
Long-Term Loan Receivable
Date
  
(RMB)
    
(U.S. Dollars)
  
Jun Zhou Zhi Ye
Oct 31, 2016
    
5,000
      
805
  
Net loan receivable from property development projects
      
5,000
      
805
  
 
11.   BUSINESS SEGMENTS
 
In fiscal 2013, the Company operated in five segments: the testing service industry (which performs structural and electronic tests of semiconductor devices), the designing and manufacturing of equipment (which equipment tests the structural integrity of integrated circuits and other products), distribution of various products from other manufacturers in Singapore and Southeast Asia, the real estate segment in China and the fabrication services segment in Batam, Indonesia. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2013, the Company discontinued operations in the fabrication segment. Hence, in fiscal 2014 and first three quarters of fiscal 2015, the Company operated in four segments.

The real estate segment recorded other income of nil and $68, respectively, for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to $51 and $153, respectively, for the same periods in the last fiscal year. Due to the short-term nature of the investments, the investments were classified as loan receivables based on ASC Topic 310-10-25 Receivables. Thus the investment income was classified under other income, which is not part of the below table.

The revenue allocated to individual countries was based on where the customers were located. The allocation of the cost of equipment, the current year investment in new equipment and depreciation expense have been made on the basis of the primary purpose for which the equipment was acquired.
 

All inter-segment revenue was from the manufacturing segment to the testing and distribution segments. Total inter-segment revenue was $1,109 and $1,251 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, as compared to $319 and $515, respectively, for the same periods in the last fiscal year.  Corporate assets mainly consisted of cash and prepaid expenses. Corporate expenses mainly consisted of stock option expenses, salaries, insurance, professional expenses and directors' fees. Corporate expenses are allocated to the four segments on a pre-determined fixed amount calculated based on the annual budgeted sales, except Malaysia operations, which is calculated based on actual sales. The following segment information table includes segment operating (loss) / income after including the Corporate expenses allocated to the segments, which gets eliminated in the consolidation.

The following segment information is un-audited for the nine months ended March 31:
 
Business Segment Information:
                          
 
Nine Months
        
Operating
          
Depr.
        
 
Ended
  
Net
    
(Loss)
    
Total
    
and
    
Capital
  
 
Mar. 31,
  
Revenue
    
Income
    
Assets
    
Amort.
    
Expenditures
  
Manufacturing
2015
  
$
9,754
    
$
(768
)
  
$
5,102
    
$
110
    
$
28
  
 
2014
  
$
11,589
    
$
(671
)
  
$
8,554
    
$
118
    
$
242
  
                                           
Testing Services
2015
    
13,829
      
1,864
      
22,067
      
1,551
      
1,426
  
 
2014
    
13,244
      
797
      
21,220
      
1,598
      
2,054
  
                                           
Distribution
2015
    
1,820
      
(28
)
    
774
      
-
      
6
  
 
2014
    
1,906
      
194
      
529
      
-
      
-
  
                                           
Real Estate
2015
    
130
      
(109
)
    
3,666
      
81
      
-
  
 
2014
    
136
      
(68
)
    
3,724
      
82
      
1
  
                                           
Fabrication *
2015
    
-
      
-
      
31
      
-
      
-
  
Services
2014
    
-
      
-
      
101
      
-
      
-
  
                                           
Corporate &
2015
    
-
      
(173
)
    
70
      
-
      
-
  
Unallocated
2014
    
-
      
(350
)
    
68
      
-
      
-
  
                                           
Total Company
2015
  
$
25,533
    
$
786
    
$
31,710
    
$
1,742
    
$
1,460
  
 
2014
  
$
26,875
    
$
(98
)
  
$
34,196
    
$
1,798
    
$
2,297
  

The following segment information is un-audited for the three months ended March 31:

Business Segment Information:
 
                         
 
Three Months
        
Operating
          
Depr.
        
 
Ended
  
Net
    
(Loss)
    
Total
    
and
    
Capital
  
 
Mar. 31,
  
Revenue
    
Income
    
Assets
    
Amort.
    
Expenditures
  
Manufacturing
2015
  
$
3,359
    
$
(33
)
  
$
5,102
    
$
40
    
$
5
  
 
2014
  
$
3,020
    
$
(343
)
  
$
8,554
    
$
41
    
$
21
  
                                           
Testing Services
2015
    
4,138
      
590
      
22,067
      
486
      
556
  
 
2014
    
4,599
      
406
      
21,220
      
531
      
554
  
                                           
Distribution
2015
    
1,003
      
(28
)
    
774
      
-
      
-
  
 
2014
    
374
      
(5
)
    
529
      
-
      
-
  
                                           
Real Estate
2015
    
43
      
(18
)
    
3,666
      
27
      
-
  
 
2014
    
46
      
(23
)
    
3,724
      
28
      
1
  
                                           
Fabrication *
2015
    
-
      
-
      
31
      
-
      
-
  
Services
2014
    
-
      
-
      
101
      
-
      
-
  
                                           
Corporate &
2015
    
-
      
(39
)
    
70
      
-
      
-
  
Unallocated
2014
    
-
      
(14
)
    
68
      
-
      
-
  
                                           
Total Company
2015
  
$
8,543
    
$
472
    
$
31,710
    
$
553
    
$
561
  
 
2014
  
$
8,039
    
$
21
    
$
34,196
    
$
600
    
$
576
  
 
 * Fabrication services is a discontinued operation (Note 16).
 
 
12.   NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

In accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 810 Consolidation, the Company has classified the non-controlling interest as a component of stockholders’ equity in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, the Company has presented the net income attributable to the Company and the non-controlling ownership interests separately in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

Non-controlling interest represents the minority stockholders’ share of 45% of the equity of Trio-Tech Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., 45% interest in SHI International Pte. Ltd., and 24% interest in Prestal Enterprise Sdn. Bhd., which are subsidiaries of the Company.

The table below reflects a reconciliation of the equity attributable to non-controlling interest:
 
 
Mar. 31, 2015
(Unaudited)
      
June 30, 2014
  
Non-controlling interest              
Beginning balance
$
1,732
    
$
1,971
 
Net income
  
251
      
144
  
Dividend declared by a subsidiary
  
-
      
(313
)
Translation adjustment
  
(142
)
    
(70
)
Ending balance
$
1,841
    
$
1,732
 

 13.  FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS APPROXIMATE CARRYING VALUE

In accordance with the ASC Topic 820 Fair Value Measurement, the following presents assets and liabilities measured and carried at fair value and classified by level of the following fair value measurement hierarchy:

(a) quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1);

(b) inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices) (Level 2); and

(c) inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs) (Level 3).

There were no transfers between Levels 1 and 2 during the fiscal year.

Term deposits (Level 1) – the carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments.

Loans receivable from property development projects (Level 3) – the carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short-term nature.

Restricted term deposits (Level 1) – the carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments.

Lines of credit (Level 3) – the carrying value of the lines of credit approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the obligations.

Bank loans payable (Level 3) – the carrying value of the Company’s bank loan payables approximates its fair value as the interest rates associated with long-term debt is adjustable in accordance with market situations when the Company borrowed funds with similar terms and remaining maturities.
 

14.   BANK LOANS PAYABLE
 
Bank loans payable consisted of the following:
 
   
Mar. 31, 2015
(Unaudited)
    
June 30, 2014
  
Note payable denominated in Malaysian ringgit to a commercial bank for infrastructure investment, maturing in August 2024, bearing interest at the bank’s prime rate (5.4% to 6.9% at March 31, 2015) per annum, with monthly payments of principal plus interest through August 2024, collateralized by the acquired building with the net book value of Malaysian ringgit 11,964, or approximately $3,219.
  
$
2,287
    
$
2,786
  
                 
Note payable denominated in U.S. dollars to a financial institution for working capital plans in Singapore and its subsidiaries, matured in November 2014, bearing interest at the bank’s prime rate plus 1.50% (5.1% at November 30, 2014) per annum, with monthly payments of principal plus interest through November 2014. This note payable was secured by plant and equipment with the net book value of Singapore dollars 585, or approximately $443 as at November 30, 2014 .
    
-
      
260
  
                 
      Current portion
    
(169
)
    
(448
)
      Long term portion of bank loans payable
  
$
2,118
    
$
2,598
  

 Future minimum payments (excluding interest) as at March 31, 2015 were as follows:
 
2015
  
$
169
  
2016
    
179
  
2017
    
188
  
2018
    
198
  
2019
    
207
  
Thereafter
    
1,346
  
Total obligations and commitments
  
$
2,287
  

Future minimum payments (excluding interest) as at June 30, 2014 were as follows:
 
2015
  
$
448
  
2016
    
198
  
2017
    
209
  
2018
    
220
  
2019
    
138
  
Thereafter
    
1,833
  
Total obligations and commitments
  
$
3,046
  

15.   COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. has expansion plans to meet the growing demands of a major customer in Malaysia, as the existing facility is inadequate to meet the demands of that customer.  The Company has capital commitments for the purchase of equipment and other related infrastructure costs amounting to RM 1,020, or approximately $274 based on the exchange rate as on March 31, 2015 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, in the Malaysia operations.

Trio-Tech (Tianjin) Co. Ltd. in China has capital commitments for the purchase of equipment and other related infrastructure costs amounting to RMB 122, or approximately $20 based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2015 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. in Singapore has capital commitments for the purchase of equipment and other related infrastructure costs amounting to SGD 61, or approximately $44 based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2015 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.
 

16.   DISCONTINUED OPERATION AND CORRESPONDING RESTRUCTURING PLAN

The Company’s Indonesia operation and the Indonesia operation’s immediate holding company, which comprise the fabrication services segment, suffered continued operating losses in the past four fiscal years, and the cash flow was minimal for the past four years.  The Company established a restructuring plan to close the fabrication services operation, and in accordance with ASC Topic 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statement Discontinued Operations (“ASC Topic 250-20”), the Company presented the operation results from fabrication services as a discontinued operation, as the Company believed that no continued cash flow would be generated by the discontinued component and that the Company would have no significant continuing involvement in the operations of the discontinued component. In accordance with the restructuring plan, the Company’s Indonesia operation is negotiating with its suppliers to settle the outstanding balance of accounts payable of $84 and has no collection for accounts receivable. The Company’s fabrication operation in Indonesia is in the process of winding down.

In January 2010, the Company established a restructuring plan to close the Testing operation in Shanghai, China.  Based on the restructuring plan and in accordance with ASC Topic 205-20, the Company presented the operation results from Shanghai as a discontinued operation, as the Company believed that no continued cash flow would be generated by the discontinued component (Shanghai subsidiary) and that the Company would have no significant continuing involvement in the operations of the discontinued component. The Shanghai operation has an outstanding balance of accounts payable of $38 and is collecting the accounts receivable of $2.

The discontinued operations in Shanghai and in Indonesia incurred general and administrative expenses of $4 and $22 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, and $4 and $11, respectively, for the same periods in the last fiscal year. The Company anticipates that it may incur additional costs and expenses at the time of winding down the business of the subsidiaries through which the facilities operated.

Income / (loss) from discontinued operations was as follows:

   
Nine Months Ended
    
Three Months Ended
  
   
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
  
   
2015
    
2014
    
2015
    
2014
  
   
Unaudited
    
Unaudited
    
Unaudited
    
Unaudited
  
                         
Revenue
  
$
-
    
$
-
    
$
-
    
$
-
  
Cost of sales
    
-
      
1
      
-
      
(2
) 
                                 
Gross (loss) / margin
    
-
      
(1
)
    
-
      
2
  
Operating expenses:
                                
  General and administrative
    
22
      
11
 
    
4
      
4
  
      Total
    
22
      
11
 
    
4
      
4
  
                                 
Loss from discontinued operations
    
(22
)
    
(12
)
    
(4
)
    
(2
) 
                                 
Other income / (expenses)
    
29
      
(26
)
    
(9
)
    
36
  
                                 
Income/ (loss) from discontinued operations
  
$
7
    
$
(38
)
  
$
(13
)
  
$
34
  

The Company does not provide a separate cash flow statement for the discontinued operation, as the impact of the discontinued operation was immaterial.


17.  INVESTMENTS

The investments were nil as at March 31, 2015 and as at June 30, 2014.

During the second quarter of fiscal year 2011, the Company entered into a joint-venture agreement with JiaSheng to develop real estate projects in China. The Company invested RMB 10,000, or approximately $1,606 based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2014 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, for a 10% interest in the newly formed joint venture, which was incorporated as a limited liability company, Chong Qing Jun Zhou Zhi Ye Co. Ltd. (the “joint venture”), in China. The agreement stipulated that the Company would nominate two of the five members of the Board of Directors of the joint venture and had the ability to assign two members of management to the joint venture.  The agreement also stipulated that the Company would receive a fee of RMB 10,000, or approximately $1,606 based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2014 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, for the services rendered in connection with obtaining priority to bid in certain real estate projects from the local government. Upon signing of the agreement, JiaSheng paid the Company RMB 5,000 in cash, or approximately $803 based on the exchange rate published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as of March 31, 2014. The remaining RMB 5,000, which was not recorded as a receivable as the Company considered the collectability uncertain, would be paid over 72 months commencing in 36 months from the date of the agreement when the joint venture secured a property development project stated inside the joint venture agreement. The Company considered the RMB 5,000, or approximately $803 based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2014 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, received in cash from JiaSheng, the controlling venturer in the joint venture, as a partial return of the Company’s initial investment of RMB 10,000, or approximately $1,606 based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2014 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Therefore, the RMB 5,000 received in cash was offset against the initial investment of RMB 10,000, resulting in a net investment of RMB 5,000 as of March 31, 2014. The Company further reduced its investments by RMB 137, or approximately $22, towards the losses from operations incurred by the joint-venture, resulting in a net investment of RMB 4,863, or approximately $781 based on exchange rates published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as of March 31, 2014.

“Investments” as shown in the balance sheet consists of the cost of an investment in a joint venture in which we have a 10% interest. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2014, TTCQ disposed of its 10% interest in the joint venture. The joint venture had to raise funds for the development of the project. As a joint-venture partner, TTCQ was required to stand guarantee for the funds to be borrowed; considering the amount of borrowing, the risk involved was higher than the investment made and hence TTCQ decided to dispose of the 10% interest in the joint venture investment. On October 2, 2013, TTCQ entered into a share transfer agreement with Zhu Shu. Based on the agreement the purchase price was to be paid by (1) RMB 10,000 worth of commercial property in Chongqing China, or approximately $1,634 based on exchange rates published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as of October 2, 2013, by non-monetary consideration and (2) the remaining RMB 8,000, or approximately $1,307 based on exchange rates published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as of October 2, 2013, by cash consideration. The consideration consists of (1) commercial units measuring 668 square meters to be delivered in June 2016 and (2) sixteen quarterly equal installments of RMB 500 per quarter commencing from January 2014. Based on ASC Topic 845 Non-monetary Consideration, the Company deferred the recognition of the gain on disposal of the 10% interest in joint venture investment until such time that the consideration is paid, so that the gain can be ascertained. The recorded value of the disposed investment amounting to $783, based on exchange rates published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as of June 30, 2014, is classified as “other assets” under non-current assets, because it is considered a down payment for the purchase of the commercial property in Chongqing. The first installment amount of RMB 500 was due in January 2014 and was outstanding as at March 31, 2014. The second and third installment amounts of RMB 500 each were due in April 2014 and July 2014. During May 2014, TTCQ had received RMB 100.

On October 14, 2014, TTCQ and Jun Zhou Zhi Ye entered into a memorandum of understanding. Based on the memorandum of understanding, both parties have agreed to register a sales and purchase agreement upon Jun Zhou Zhi Ye obtaining the license to sell the properties of the commercial property (the Singapore Themed Resort Project), located in Chongqing China. The proposed agreement is for the sale of shop lots with a total area of 1,484.55 square meters as consideration for all the outstanding amounts owed to TTCQ by Jun Zhou Zhi Ye, with the exception of RMB 2,000, or approximately $326, which will be paid in cash, as follows:

a)  
Long term loan receivable RMB 5,000, or approximately $814, as disclosed in Note 10, plus the unrecognized interest receivable on long term loan receivable of RMB 1,250;
b)  
Commercial units measuring 668 square meters, as mentioned above; and
c)  
RMB 5,900 for the part of the unrecognized cash consideration of RMB 8,000 relating to the disposal of the joint venture.
 
The shop lots are to be delivered to TTCQ upon completion of the construction of the shop lots in the Singapore Themed Resort Project, which is expected to be no later than December 31, 2016.


18. LINES OF CREDIT

Carrying value of the Company’s lines of credit approximates its fair value, because the interest rates associated with the lines of credit are adjustable in accordance with market situations when the Company borrowed funds with similar terms and remaining maturities.

The Company’s credit rating provides it with readily and adequate access to funds in global markets. As of March 31, 2015, the Company had certain lines of credit that are collateralized by restricted deposits.

Entity with
Type of
Interest
  
Expiration
    
Credit
    
Unused
  
Facility
Facility
Rate
  
Date
    
Limitation
    
Credit
  
Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd., Singapore
Lines of Credit
Ranging from 4.3% to 5.8%
   -     $ 7,265     $ 5,769  
Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. Lines of Credit Ranging from 4.6% to 5.1%   -     $ 404     $ 81  

The Company’s credit rating provides it with readily and adequate access to funds in global markets. As of June 30, 2014, the Company had certain lines of credit that are collateralized by restricted deposits.

Entity with
Type of
Interest
  
Expiration
    
Credit
    
Unused
  
Facility
Facility
Rate
  
Date
    
Limitation
    
Credit
  
Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd., Singapore Lines of Credit Ranging from 1.8% to 6.0%   -     $ 9,073     $ 5,306  

19. ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:
 
 
March 31, 2015
(Unaudited)
      
June 30, 2014
  
Payroll and related costs
 $ 
1,115
     $
1,096
  
Commissions
  
84
      
47
  
Customer deposits
  
51
      
79
  
Legal and audit
  
228
      
177
  
Sales tax
  
113
      
120
  
Utilities
  
73
      
156
  
Warranty
  
137
      
60
  
Accrued purchase of materials and fixed assets
  
1,359
      
358
  
Provision for re-instatement of leasehold properties
  
355
      
367
  
Other accrued expenses
  
391
      
602
  
Currency translation effect
  
(141
)
    
(16
)
Total $ 
3,765
     $
3,046
  

20. OTHER ASSETS

Other assets consisted of the following:
 
   
Mar. 31, 2015
(Unaudited)
    
June 30, 2014
  
Down payment for property, plant and equipment
   $ 1,916     $ 1,103  
Deposit for rental and utilities
     152       158  
Others
     -       2  
Currency translation effect
     (39 )     -  
Ending balance
   $ 2,029     $ 1,263  
 

21. OTHER INCOME / (EXPENSES)

Other income / (expenses) consisted of the following:
 
   
Nine Months Ended
    
Three Months Ended
  
   
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
    
Mar. 31,
  
   
2015
    
2014
    
2015
    
2014
  
   
Unaudited
    
Unaudited
    
Unaudited
    
Unaudited
  
                         
Investment income deemed interest income
  
$
68
    
$
153
    
$
-
    
$
51
  
Allowance for doubtful loan receivables
    
(68
)
    
(367
)
    
-
      
(29
)
Interest income
    
14
      
10
      
8
      
9
  
Other rental income
    
78
      
190
      
26
      
25
  
Exchange loss
    
(171
)
    
(37
)
    
(101
)
    
(69
)
Productivity innovative credits
    
-
      
82
      
-
      
76
  
Other miscellaneous income
    
136
      
5
      
70
      
14
  
      Total
  
$
57
    
$ 
36
    
$ 
3
    
$
77
  

Other income included investment income which was deemed to be interest income since the investment was deemed and classified as a loan receivables based on ASC Topic 310-10-25 Receivables amounted to nil and $68 for the three and nine months ending March 31, 2015, respectively, as compared to $51 and $153 for the same periods in the last fiscal year. Other income for both the three and nine months ending March 31, 2015 included nil and $68 allowance for doubtful loan and doubtful interest receivables, respectively, as compared to $29 and $367 for each of the same periods in the last fiscal year.
 

TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)

Overview

The following should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated unaudited financial statements and notes in Item I above and with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes, and the information under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014.

Trio-Tech International (“TTI”) was incorporated in 1958 under the laws of the State of California.  As used herein, the term “Trio-Tech” or “Company” or “we” or “us” or “Registrant” includes Trio-Tech International and its subsidiaries unless the context otherwise indicates. Our mailing address and executive offices are located at 16139 Wyandotte Street, Van Nuys, California 91406, and our telephone number is (818) 787-7000.

The Company is a provider of reliability test equipment and services to the semiconductor industry. Our customers rely on us to verify that their semiconductor components meet or exceed the rigorous reliability standards demanded for aerospace, communications and other electronics products.

TTI generated more than 99% of its revenue from its three core business segments in the test and measurement industry, i.e. manufacturing of test equipment, testing services, and distribution of test equipment during the nine months ended March 31, 2015. To reduce our risks associated with sole industry focus and customer concentration, the Company expanded its business into real estate investment and the oil and gas equipment fabrication business in 2007 and 2009, respectively. However, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2013, the Company decided to discontinue its oil and gas equipment fabrication business, which segment is considered a discontinued operation.

Manufacturing

TTI develops and manufactures an extensive range of test equipment used in the "front end" and the "back end" manufacturing processes of semiconductors. Our equipment includes leak detectors, autoclaves, centrifuges, burn-in systems and boards, HAST testers, temperature controlled chucks, wet benches and more.

Testing

TTI provides comprehensive electrical, environmental, and burn-in testing services to semiconductor manufacturers in our testing laboratories in Southeast Asia and the United States. Our customers include both manufacturers and end-users of semiconductor and electronic components, who look to us when they do not want to establish their own facilities. The independent tests are performed to industry and customer specific standards.
 
Distribution

In addition to our own products and services, TTI also provides an extensive range of complementary environmental and reliability test equipment from reputable manufacturers through our distribution operations. Such equipment includes temperature cycling and shock test chambers, reflow ovens, interface systems, vibration systems, mechanical shock testers, drop testers and more. Besides equipment, we also distribute a wide range of components such as connectors, sockets and touch-screen panels.

Real Estate

Beginning in 2007, TTI has invested in real-estate property in Chongqing, China, which has generated investment income from the rental revenue from real estate we purchased in Chongqing, China, and investment returns from deemed loan receivables, which are classified as other income. The rental income is generated from the rental properties in MaoYe, JiangHuai and FuLi in Chongqing, China. During fiscal 2014, the investment, which is deemed as loans receivable, generated investment returns from the investments in JiaSheng and JiangHuai. During the third quarter of fiscal 2014, investment in JiangHuai was fully provided for and in the second quarter of fiscal 2015, the investment in JiaSheng was transferred to down payment for purchase of investment property in China.
 

Third Quarter Fiscal 2015 Highlights

·  
Manufacturing segment revenue increased by $339, or 11.2%, to $3,359 for the third quarter of fiscal 2015, compared to $3,020 for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
Testing segment revenue decreased by $461, or 10.0%, to $4,138 for the third quarter of fiscal 2015, compared to $4,599 for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
Distribution segment revenue increased by $629, or 168.2%, to $1,003 for the third quarter of fiscal 2015, compared to $374 for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
Real estate segment revenue decreased by $3, or 6.5%, to $43 for the third quarter of fiscal 2015, compared to $46 for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
The overall gross profit margins increased by 4.6% to 29.1% for the second quarter of fiscal 2015, from 24.5% for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
Income from operations increased by $451 to $472  for the third quarter of fiscal 2015, compared to $21 for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased by 1.6% to 20.3% for the third quarter of fiscal 2015, from 21.9% for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
Selling expenses as a percentage of revenue increased by 1.1% to 2.8% for the third quarter of fiscal 2015, from 1.7% for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
Other income decreased by $74, or 96.1%, to $3 for the third quarter of fiscal 2015, compared to $77 for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
Tax expense for the third quarter of fiscal 2015 was $170, compared to a tax benefit of $184 for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
Net income attributable to Trio-Tech International for the third quarter of 2015 was $199, as compared to $157 for the same period in fiscal 2014.
·  
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest for the third quarter of 2015 was $41, as compared to $97 for the same period in fiscal 2014.

Results of Operations and Business Outlook

The following table sets forth our revenue components for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
 
 Revenue Components Three Months Ended
March 31,
     Nine Months Ended
March 31,
  
 
2015
    
2014
    
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue:
                            
Manufacturing
39.3
%
    
37.6
%
    
38.2
%
    
43.1
%
Testing Services
48.4
      
57.1
      
54.2
      
49.3
  
Distribution
11.8
      
4.7
      
7.1
      
7.1
  
Real Estate
0.5
      
0.6
      
0.5
      
0.5
  
                             
Total
100.0
%
    
100.0
%
    
100.0
%
    
100.0
%

Revenue for the three months and nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $8,543 and $25,533, respectively, an increase of     $504 and a decrease of $1,342, respectively, when compared to the revenue for the same periods of the prior fiscal year. As a percentage, revenue increased by 6.3% and decreased by 5.0% for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, when compared to total revenue for the same periods of the prior fiscal year.
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2015, the overall increase in revenue was primarily due to an increase in the manufacturing segment in our Singapore operations, Suzhou operations in China and in U.S. operations, an increase in the distribution segment in the Singapore operations, and Suzhou operations in China and a decrease in the testing segment and in the real estate segment in China. The testing segment decreased in all testing operations except the operations in Singapore, the Tianjin operations in China and the U.S. operations.

For the nine months ended March 31, 2015, the decrease in overall revenue was primarily due to a decrease in the manufacturing segment in Singapore operations, a decrease in distribution segments in our Singapore operations and in Suzhou operations in China and a decrease in the real estate segment in China. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in the testing segment during the first quarter and second quarter of fiscal 2015. The increase in the testing segment was primarily in the U.S. operations and in the Tianjin operations in China. These increases were partially offset by the decrease in the other testing operations except operations in Malaysia, Thailand and the Suzhou operations in China.
 

Revenue into and within China, the Southeast Asia regions and other countries (except revenue into and within the United States) decreased by $256 (or 3.4%) to $7,233, and by $1,953 (or 7.6%) to $23,767 for the three months and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, as compared with $7,489 and $25,720, respectively, for the same periods of last fiscal year.  
 
Revenue into and within the United States was $1,311and $1,767 for the three months and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, an increase of $761 (or 138.4%) and $611 (or 52.9%), respectively, from $550 and $1,156 for the same periods of last fiscal year, respectively. The increase in the three and nine months result were mainly due to fewer orders received in the first quarter of fiscal year 2015 and the delay in delivering certain orders to our customers during the second quarter of fiscal year 2015, which were fulfilled in the third quarter of fiscal year 2015, as compared to the same period in the last fiscal year.

Revenue for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015 can be discussed within the four segments as follows:

Manufacturing Segment

Revenue in the manufacturing segment as a percentage of total revenue was 39.3% and 38.2% for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of 1.7% and a decrease of 4.9% of total revenue, respectively, when compared to the same periods of the last fiscal year.  The absolute amount of revenue increased by $339 to $3,359 from $3,020 and decreased by $1,835 to $9,754 from $11,589 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, compared to the same periods of the last fiscal year. 

Revenue in the manufacturing segment for the three month period ended March 31, 2015 increased in the U.S. operations, Singapore operations and in the Suzhou operations in China. Revenue in the manufacturing segment for the nine month period ended March 31, 2015 decreased primarily in the Singapore operations which was partially offset by the increase in the U.S. operation and in the Suzhou operations in China. The increase for both the three months and nine months ended March 31, 2015 was mainly due to a delayed delivery of a few orders in the U.S. operations in the second quarter of fiscal 2015, which were fulfilled in the third quarter of fiscal year 2015. The revenue in the manufacturing segment from this major customer accounted for 39.0% and 53.8% of our total revenue in the manufacturing segment for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, as compared to 46.2% and 54.4% of our total revenue in the manufacturing segment for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2014, respectively.

The future revenue in our manufacturing segment will be significantly affected by the purchase and capital expenditure plans of this major customer, if the customer base cannot be increased.

Testing Services Segment

Revenue in the testing segment as a percentage of total revenue was 48.4%,  and 54.2% for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of  8.7% and an increase of 4.9%, respectively, of total revenue when compared to the same periods of the last fiscal year.  The absolute amount of revenue decreased by $461 to $4,138 from $4,599 and increased by $585 to $13,829 from $13,244 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, compared to the same periods of the last fiscal year. 

Revenue in the testing segment for the three month period ended March 31, 2015 increased primarily due to an increase in testing volume in all our testing operations except the Malaysia operations, Thailand operations and Suzhou operations in China. Revenue in the testing segment for the nine month period ended March 31, 2015 increased primarily due to an increase in testing volume in all our testing operations except the Singapore operations, Malaysia operations, Thailand operations and Suzhou operations in China. The increase in testing volume was mainly caused by an increase in orders from our major customers due to the increase in demand for our customers’ products. The decrease in our testing volume in the Malaysia operations, Thailand operations and Suzhou operation in China was due to the decrease in orders from our customers due to lower demand for their products.

Demand for testing services varies from country to country depending on changes taking place in the market and our customers’ forecasts.  As it is difficult to accurately forecast fluctuations in the market, management believes it is necessary to maintain testing facilities in close proximity to our customers in order to make it convenient for them to send us their newly manufactured parts for testing and to enable us to maintain a share of the market.


Distribution Segment

Revenue in the distribution segment as a percentage of total revenue was 11.8%  for the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of 7.0% when compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year.  Revenue in the distribution segment as a percentage of total revenue was 7.1% for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014. The absolute amount of revenue increased by $629 to $1,003 from $374, and decreased by $86 to $1,820 from $1,906 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, compared to the same periods of the last fiscal year.

Revenue in the distribution segment for the three month period ended March 31, 2015 increased primarily due to the revenue generated from products with higher margins, as compared to the same quarter last fiscal year. Revenue in the distribution segment for the nine month period ended March 31, 2015 decreased even though the revenue in this segment increased in the third quarter of fiscal year 2015, mainly due to the lower revenue in the first and second quarters of fiscal year 2015.

Demand in the distribution segment varies depending on the demand for our customers’ products, the changes taking place in the market, and our customers’ forecasts.  Hence it is difficult to accurately forecast fluctuations in the market.

Real Estate Segment

The real estate segment accounted for 0.5% of total net revenue for both the three months and nine months ended March 31, 2015. The absolute amount of revenue in the real estate segment decreased by $3 to $43 from $46 and by $6 to $130 from $136 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, compared to the same periods of the last fiscal year. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in rental income in the real estate segment for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015 as described below.

The two main revenue components for the real estate segment were investment income and rental income.

Rental income for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $43 and $130, respectively, as compared to $46 and $136, respectively, for the same periods of the last fiscal year. The decrease of $3 and $6 respectively, was primarily due to the fact that units in JiangHuai did not generate any rental income during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, as compared to income of $4 and $13 for the same period in the last fiscal year. These decreases were offset by the increase in rental income from MaoYe and FuLi as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year. TTCQ is actively looking for suitable tenants for renting all the commercial units.

TTCQ has yet to receive the title deed for properties purchased from JiangHuai. TTCQ is in the legal process of obtaining the title deed, which is dependent on JiangHuai completing the entire project.

No investment income was recorded as “revenue” for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014. Income of nil and $68 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2015, respectively, as compared to $51 and $153 for the same periods of the last fiscal year, from certain of our property development investments was reclassified to loan receivables. Such income is included in “Other Income” with effect from the third quarter of fiscal 2011 in accordance with ASC Topic 310-10-25 Receivables.

“Investments” as shown in the balance sheet consists of the cost of an investment in a joint venture in which we have a 10% interest. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2014, TTCQ disposed of its 10% interest in the joint venture. The joint venture had to raise funds for the development of the project. As a joint-venture partner, TTCQ was required to stand guarantee for the funds to be borrowed; considering the amount of borrowing, the risk involved was higher than the investment made and hence TTCQ decided to dispose of the 10% interest in the joint venture investment. On October 2, 2013, TTCQ entered into a share transfer agreement with Zhu Shu. Based on the agreement the purchase price was to be paid by (1) RMB 10,000 worth of commercial property in Chongqing China, or approximately $1,634 based on exchange rates published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as of October 2, 2013, by non-monetary consideration and (2) the remaining RMB 8,000, or approximately $1,307 based on exchange rates published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as of October 2, 2013, by cash consideration. The consideration consists of (1) commercial units measuring 668 square meters to be delivered in June 2016 and (2) sixteen quarterly equal installments of RMB 500 per quarter commencing from January 2014. Based on ASC Topic 845 Non-monetary Consideration, the Company deferred the recognition of the gain on disposal of the 10% interest in joint venture investment until such time that the consideration is paid, so that the gain can be ascertained. The recorded value of the disposed investment amounting to $783, based on exchange rates published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as of June 30, 2014, is classified as “other assets” under non-current assets, because it is considered a down payment for the purchase of the commercial property in Chongqing. The first installment amount of RMB 500 was due in January 2014 and was outstanding as at March 31, 2014. The second and third installment amounts of RMB 500 each were due in April 2014 and July 2014. During May 2014, TTCQ had received RMB 100.
 

On October 14, 2014, TTCQ and Jun Zhou Zhi Ye entered into a memorandum of understanding. Based on the memorandum of understanding, both parties have agreed to register a sales and purchase agreement upon Jun Zhou Zhi Ye obtaining the license to sell the properties of the commercial property (the Singapore Themed Resort Project) located in Chongqing China. The proposed agreement is for the sale of shop lots with a total area of 1,484.55 square meters as consideration for all the outstanding amounts owed to TTCQ by Jun Zhou Zhi Ye, with the exception of RMB 2,000, or approximately $326, which will be paid in cash, as follows:
 
a)  
Long term loan receivable RMB 5,000, or approximately $814, as disclosed in Note 10, plus the unrecognized interest receivable on long term loan receivable of RMB 1,250;
b)  
Commercial units measuring 668 square meters, as mentioned above; and
c)  
RMB 5,900 for the part of the unrecognized cash consideration of RMB 8,000 relating to the disposal of the joint venture.
 
The shop lots are to be delivered to TTCQ upon completion of the construction of the shop lots in the Singapore Themed Resort Project, which is expected to be no later than December 31, 2016.

Uncertainties and Remedies

There are several influencing factors which create uncertainties when forecasting performance, such as the ever-changing nature of technology, specific requirements from the customer, decline in demand for certain types of burn-in devices or equipment, decline in demand for testing services and fabrication services, and other similar factors. One factor that influences uncertainty is the highly competitive nature of the semiconductor industry. Another is that some customers are unable to provide a forecast of the products required in the upcoming weeks; hence it is difficult to plan for the resources needed to meet these customers’ requirements due to short lead time and last minute order confirmation. This will normally result in a lower margin for these products, as it is more expensive to purchase materials in a short time frame.  However, the Company has taken certain actions and formulated certain plans to deal with and to help mitigate these unpredictable factors.  For example, in order to meet manufacturing customers’ demands upon short notice, the Company maintains higher inventories, but continues to work closely with its customers to avoid stock piling.  We have also been improving customer service from staff by keeping our staff up to date on the newest technology and stressing the importance of understanding and meeting the stringent requirements of our customers.  Finally, the Company is exploring new markets and products, looking for new customers, and upgrading and improving burn-in technology while at the same time searching for improved testing methods of higher technology chips.

There are several influencing factors which create uncertainties when forecasting performance of our real estate segment, such as obtaining the rights by the joint venture to develop the real estate projects in China, inflation in China, currency fluctuations and devaluation, and changes in Chinese laws, regulations, or their interpretation.

Comparison of the Third Quarter Ended March 31, 2015 (“Q3 2015”) and March 31, 2014 (“Q3 2014”)

The following table sets forth certain consolidated statements of income data as a percentage of revenue for the third quarters of fiscal 2015 and 2014, respectively:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
  
   
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
    
100.0
%
    
100.0
%
Cost of sales
    
70.9
      
75.5
  
Gross Margin
    
29.1
%
    
24.5
%
Operating expenses
                
General and administrative
    
20.3
%
    
21.9
%
Selling
    
2.8
      
1.7
  
Research and development
    
0.5
      
0.6
  
Impairment loss
    
0.0
      
0.0
  
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    
0.0
      
0.0
  
Total operating expenses
    
23.6
%
    
24.2
%
Income from Operations
    
5.5
%
    
0.3
%
 

Overall Gross Margin

Overall gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased by 4.6% to 29.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, from 24.5% for the same period of the last fiscal year, primarily due to an increase in the gross profit margin in the manufacturing and testing segment. The increase in gross margin as a percentage of revenue was partially offset by a decrease in gross profit margin in the distribution and real estate segment. In terms of absolute dollar amounts, gross profits increased by $521 to $2,488 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, from $1,967 as compared to the same period of the last fiscal year.

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the manufacturing segment increased by 9.4% to 24.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, from 14.9% in the same period of the last fiscal year. The increase in gross margin was due to the orders which were delayed in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015 being fulfilled in the third quarter of fiscal year 2015, these orders generated high margins during the third quarter of fiscal year 2015. In absolute dollar amounts, gross profits in the manufacturing segment increased by $365 to $815 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, from $450 for the same period of last fiscal year.

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the testing segment increased by 5.8% to 37.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, from 31.7% in the same period of the last fiscal year.  The increase was primarily due to an increase in testing volume in our Tianjin operation in China and Singapore operations, which was partially offset by the decrease in testing volume in our Malaysia operations, Thailand operations and Suzhou operation in China.  Significant portions of our cost of goods sold are fixed in the testing segment.  Thus, as the demand for services and factory utilization increase, the fixed costs are spread over the increased output, which increases the gross profit margin. The Tianjin, China operations, the Singapore operations and the Malaysia operations increased their space utilization, which was partially offset by the decrease in space utilization in the Malaysia operations, Suzhou operations in China and Thailand operations. In absolute dollar amounts, gross profit in the testing segment increased by $95 to $1,552 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 from $1,457 for the same period of the last fiscal year.

The gross profit margin of the distribution segment is not only affected by the market price of our products, but also our product mix, which changes frequently as a result of changes in market demand. Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the distribution segment decreased by 1.9% to 11.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, from 13.1% in the same period of the last fiscal year. The decrease in gross margin as a percentage of revenue was due to the change in product mix, as this segment increased sales of products that had higher profit margin items sufficient to offset the decrease in gross margin due to the change in product mix in the distribution segment as compared to the same period of last fiscal year. In terms of absolute dollar amounts, gross profit in the distribution segment increased by $63 to $112 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 from $49 in the same period of last fiscal year. 

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the real estate segment was 20.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of 3.0% as compared to 23.9% in the same period of the last fiscal year. In absolute dollar amounts, gross profit in the real estate segment for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was $9, a decrease of $2 from $11 in the same period of last fiscal year.  The decrease in the gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue was due to a decrease in rental revenue resulting from a time lag in renewal of rental agreements. The JiangHuai property remains vacant resulting in a decrease in rental income, which was offset by the increase in rent due to contracts entered into in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014 and also an increase in rental due from the renewal of rental agreements. The increase in rental revenue does not have a direct impact on the cost associated with the properties, and thus may result in a lower gross margin for the interim period.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses for the third quarters of fiscal 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
  
2015
    
2014
  
General and administrative
  
$
1,737
    
$
1,757
  
Selling
    
235
      
140
  
Research and development
    
44
      
49
  
Impairment loss
    
-
      
-
  
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    
-
      
-
  
Total
  
$
2,016
    
$
1,946
  
 

General and administrative expenses decreased by $20, or 1.1%, from $1,757 to $1,737 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 compared to the same period of last fiscal year. The decrease in the general and administrative expenses was mainly attributable to the decrease in the expenses in the Singapore operations and the Suzhou and Chongqing operations in China. The decrease was partially offset by the increase in provision for bonus in the Singapore operations, Malaysia operations, Tianjin operation in China and in the U.S. operations.

The decrease of general and administrative expenses in Singapore operations was primarily due to the decrease in staff related expenses. The decrease of general and administrative expenses in Suzhou operations was primarily due to the decrease in staff related expenses, travelling expenses and entertainment expenses. The decrease in the Chongqing operations was primarily due to a decrease in legal fees as compared to the same period in the last fiscal year. TTCQ has yet to receive the title deed for properties purchased from JiangHuai. TTCQ is in the legal process to obtain the title deed, which is dependent on JiangHuai completing the entire project. These decreases were partially offset by the increase in general and administrative expenses in the Tianjin operation in China. The increase in expenses in the Malaysia operations was primarily due to the increase in provision for bonus, which was partially offset with the reversal of the provision for staff related expenses, which were no longer required as at March 31, 2015.  The increase in the Tianjin operations was primarily due to an increase in scale of operations, which rendered the increase in utilities expenses and salary related expenses.

Selling expenses increased by $95, or 67.9%, for the three months ended March 31, 2015, from $140 to $235 compared to the same period of the last fiscal year. The increase was mainly due to an increase in warranty expenses and commission expenses as the commissionable revenue increased in the Singapore operations. Increase in warranty expenses and commission expenses were due to the increase in sales in HAST systems to a major customer during third quarter of fiscal 2015.
 
Income / (Loss) from Operations

Income from operations was $472 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, as compared to $21 for the same period of the last fiscal year. The increase was mainly due to the increase of $521 in gross margin, which was higher than the increase of $70 in operating expenses, as previously discussed.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the third quarters of fiscal 2015 and 2014 was as follows:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
  
2015
    
2014
  
Interest expenses
  
$
(52
) 
  
$
(62
) 

Interest expense decreased by $10 to $52 from $62 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily due to payment of credit facilities in the Singapore and Malaysia operations. We are trying to keep our debt at a minimum in order to save financing costs.  As of March 31, 2015, the Singapore and Malaysia operations had an unused line of credit of $5,850.

Income Tax (Expenses) / Benefit

Income tax expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2015 were $170, as compared to an income tax benefit of $184 for the same quarter last fiscal year. The increase in income tax expense was mainly due to tax provision in our Tianjin, China operations and due to deferred tax for the timing difference recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to the same period in the previous fiscal year. Tax expenses include $83, representing the taxes withheld by the China and Malaysia subsidiaries for the payments made to the Singapore subsidiary, since these taxes withheld are not recoverable. The tax withheld by the China and Malaysia subsidiaries was paid to the Inland Revenue department of the respective countries.
 

Non-controlling Interest

As of March 31, 2015, we held a 55% interest in Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd., Trio-Tech (Kuala Lumpur) Sdn. Bhd., SHI International Pte. Ltd. and PTSHI Indonesia, and a 76% interest in Prestal Enterprise Sdn. Bhd. The non-controlling interest for the three months ended March 31, 2015, in the net income of subsidiaries, was $41, a decrease of $56 compared to the non-controlling interest in the net income of $97 for the same period of the previous fiscal year.  The decrease in the non-controlling interest in the net income of subsidiaries was attributable to the lower net income generated by the Malaysia operations.

(Loss) / Income  from Discontinued Operations

Loss from discontinued operations was $13 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to an income of $34 for the same period of the last fiscal year. There were other expenses in the discontinued operations during the three months ended March 31, 2015, whereas there was higher other income in the same period in the last fiscal year. 

Net Income / (Loss)

Net income attributable to Trio-Tech International common shareholders was $199 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, as compared to $157 for the three months ended March 31, 2014. The increase in net income was mainly due to an increase in gross margin higher than the increase in operating expenses, as previously discussed, which was partially offset by the increase in income tax expenses, as discussed above.

Earnings / (Loss) per Share

Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was $0.06, an increase of $0.01, as compared to basic and diluted earnings per share of $0.05 in the same period of the last fiscal year.
 
Basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was $0.06, an increase of $0.02, as compared to basic and diluted earnings per share of $0.04 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The change in earnings per share was due to an increase in net income, as discussed above.

Basic and diluted earnings per share from the discontinued operations was nil, as compared to basic and diluted earnings per share of $0.01 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Decrease in earnings per share in the discontinued operations was mainly because there were other expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2015, as compared to other income during the same period in the last fiscal year.
 
Segment Information

The revenue, gross margin and income from each segment for the third quarter of fiscal year 2015 and the third quarter of fiscal year 2014, respectively, are presented below. As the revenue and gross margin for each segment have been discussed in the previous section, only the comparison of income from operations is discussed below.

Manufacturing Segment

The revenue, gross margin and loss from operations for the manufacturing segment for the third quarter of fiscal 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
  
    2015     2014  
Revenue
  
$
3,359
    
$
3,020
  
Gross margin
    
24.3
%
    
14.9
%
Loss from operations
  
$
(33
)
  
$
(343
)

Loss from operations in the manufacturing segment was $33 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of $310, as compared to $343 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The decrease was primarily due to an increase of $365 in the gross margin, which was higher than the increase in operating expenses. Operating expenses for the manufacturing segment were $848 and $793 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.  The increase in operating expenses was mainly due to an increase provision for bonus and increase in selling expenses, which was partially offset by a decrease in allocation of corporate expenses as compared to the same period of last fiscal year.
 

Testing Segment

The revenue, gross margin and income from operations for the testing segment for the third quarters of fiscal 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
$
4,138
    
$
4,599
  
Gross margin
  
37.5
%
    
31.7
%
Income from operations
$
590
    
$
406
  

Income from operations in the testing segment for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was $590, an increase of $184 compared to $406 in the same period of last fiscal year. The increase in operating income was mainly attributable to an increase of $95 in gross margin, as discussed earlier, and a decrease of $89 in operating expenses. Operating expenses were $962 and $1,051 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decrease in operating expenses was mainly attributable to a decrease of $71 in general and administrative expenses and a decrease in allocation of corporate charges by $20, which were partially offset by the increase in bonus provision. Corporate expenses charged in fiscal 2015 were based on a pre-determined fixed amount, which was lower than the previous fiscal year in the Singapore operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014.

Distribution Segment

The revenue, gross margin and income from operations for the distribution segment for the third quarters of fiscal 2015 and 2014 were as follows: 

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
$
1,003
    
$
374
  
Gross margin
  
11.2
%
    
13.1
%
Loss from operations
$
(28
)
  
$
(5
)

Loss from operations in the distribution segment increased by $23 to $28 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, as compared to $5 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The increase in operating loss was mainly due to higher operating expenses of $86, which were partially offset by an increase in gross margin by $63. Operating expenses increased mainly due to an increase in general and administrative expenses caused by the increase in provision for bonus and an increase in allocation of corporate charges. Corporate expenses charged in fiscal 2015 were based on a pre-determined fixed amount, which was higher than the previous fiscal year in the Singapore operations for the three months ended March 31, 2014. Operating expenses were $140 and $54 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Real Estate Segment

The revenue, gross margin and loss from operations for the real estate segment for the third quarters of fiscal 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
$
43
    
$
46
  
Gross margin
  
20.9
%
    
23.9
%
Loss from operations
$
(18
)
  
$
(23
)

Loss from operations in the real estate segment for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was $18, a decrease of $5, as compared to $23 for the same period of the last fiscal year.  The decrease in operating loss was mainly due to a decrease in gross margin of $2 and a decrease in operating expenses of $7. The operating expenses were $27 and $34 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decrease in operating expenses as compared to the same quarter in last fiscal year was primarily due to a decrease in travelling expenses and legal expenses.
 

Corporate

The loss from operations for corporate for the third quarters of fiscal 2015 and 2014 were as follows:    

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
  
2015
    
2014
  
Loss from operations
   $ (39 )   $ (14 )

Corporate operating loss was $39 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, an increase of $25, as compared to $14 in the same period of the last fiscal year.  The increase was mainly due to an increase in provision for bonus which was partially offset by the decrease in stock option expenses, travel expenses and professional fees. Stock option expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2015 were $8 as compared to $119 for the same period of last fiscal year.

Comparison of the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2014

   
Nine Months Ended March 31,
  
   
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
    
100.0
%
    
100.0
%
Cost of sales
    
73.6
      
77.5
  
Gross Margin
    
26.4
%
    
22.5
%
Operating expenses:
                
General and administrative
    
20.3
%
    
20.2
%
Selling
    
2.1
      
2.1
  
Research and development
    
0.5
      
0.6
  
Impairment loss
    
0.3
      
0.0
  
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    
0.1
      
0.0
  
Total operating expenses
    
23.3
%
    
22.9
%
Income / (Loss) from Operations
    
3.1
%
    
(0.4
)%

Overall Gross Margin

Overall gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased by 3.9% to 26.4% for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, from 22.5% in the same period of last fiscal year, primarily due to an increase in the gross profit margins in the manufacturing and testing segment, which was partially offset by a decrease in the gross profit margins in the distribution and real estate segments. In terms of absolute dollar amounts, gross profits increased by $683 to $6,728 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, from $6,045 for the same period of the last fiscal year.

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the manufacturing segment increased by 0.8% to 16.5% for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, from 15.7% in the same period of the last fiscal year. In absolute dollar amounts, the gross profit decreased by $214 to $1,611 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to $1,825 for the same period in last fiscal year. The decrease in absolute dollar amount of gross margin was primarily due to a decrease in revenue. The decrease in revenue was higher than the decrease in cost, resulting in the decrease in gross margin.

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the testing segment increased by 6.1% to 35.0% for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 from 28.9% in the same period of the last fiscal year. Our Tianjin operations in China, our Singapore operations and our U.S. operations increased their gross margin during the nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to the same period of the last fiscal year, which increase was partially offset by the decrease in gross margin in the Suzhou operation in China, the Thailand operations and the Malaysia operations. As the demand for services and factory utilization decreases, the fixed costs are spread over the reduced output, which decreases the gross profit margin. In terms of absolute dollar amounts, gross profit in the testing segment increased by $1,014 to $4,838 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, from $3,824 for the same period of the last fiscal year. Gross profit in absolute dollar increased in our Tianjin operation in China, our Singapore operations and our U.S. operations, which profit was partially offset by the decrease in our Suzhou operation in China, our Thailand operations and our Malaysia operations.
 

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the distribution segment decreased by 5.4% to 13.8% for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, from 19.2% for the same period of the last fiscal year.  The decrease in gross margin was due to the change in product mix, as this segment had fewer sales of products with a higher profit margin as compared to the same period of last fiscal year.  In terms of absolute dollar amounts, gross profit in the distribution segment decreased by $113 to $252 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 from $365 for the same period of the last fiscal year. The gross profit margin of the distribution segment was not only affected by the market price of our products, but also our product mix, which changes frequently as a result of changes in market demand.

Gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the real estate segment was 20.8% for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, a decrease of 2.0% from 22.8% for the same period in the last fiscal year. In terms of absolute dollar amounts, gross profit in the real estate segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $27, a decrease of $4 from $31 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The decrease in the gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue was due to a decrease in rental revenue compared to the costs, which are fixed. The decrease in revenue was higher than the decrease in cost, resulting in the decrease in gross margin.
Certain rental agreements expired and were only renewed after a period of vacancy, as previously discussed.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:
 
   
Nine Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
  
2015
    
2014
  
General and administrative
  
$
5,175
    
$
5,429
  
Selling
    
531
      
553
  
Research and development
    
138
      
150
  
Impairment loss
    
70
      
-
  
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    
28
      
11
 
Total
  
$
5,942
    
$
6,143
  
 
General and administrative expenses decreased by $254, or 4.7%, from $5,429 to $5,175 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 compared to the same period of the last fiscal year. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily in the testing segment and in the corporate office in the U.S., which was partially offset by the increase in such expenses in the manufacturing segment, real estate segment and distribution segment. The decrease was mainly attributable to a decrease in stock option expenses, traveling expenses, and general and administrative expenses such as salary and staff related expenses in the Singapore operations, Thailand operations and Suzhou operation in China. However, this was partially offset by the increase in provision for bonus and increase in the impairment loss in the Singapore operations and the Tianjin operation in China, and an increase in loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment in the Suzhou operation in China for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to the same period of last fiscal year. Suzhou The disposal of property, plant and equipment was due to certain equipment in the Suzhou operations in China found not suitable to test customer’s products. This disposal of assets resulted in the loss.

Selling expenses decreased by $22, or 4.0 %, for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, from $553 to $531 compared to the same period of the last fiscal year, which was mainly due to an increase in commission expenses as a result of an increase in commissionable sales and an increase in travelling expenses in our Singapore operations.

Income / (Loss) from Operations

Income from operations was $786 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to a loss from operations of $98 for the same period of the last fiscal year. The change was mainly due to an increase in gross profit margin and a decrease in operating expenses, as discussed earlier.

Interest Expense

Interest expenses for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:
 
   
Nine Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
  
2015
    
2014
  
Interest expenses
  
$
(174
)
  
$
(196
)

Interest expenses decreased by $22 to $174 from $196 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to the same period of the last fiscal year due to repayment of credit facilities by the Singapore and Malaysia operations.
 

Income Tax (Expenses) / Benefit
 
Income tax expense for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $256, as compared to income tax benefit of $266 for the same period of the last fiscal year.  The increase in income tax expense was mainly due to tax provision in the Tianjin operations in China and due to deferred tax for the timing difference recorded for the nine months ended March 2015 as compared to the same period in the previous fiscal year. Tax expenses included $148, representing the taxes withheld by the China and Malaysia subsidiaries for the payments made to the Singapore subsidiary, since these taxes withheld are not recoverable. The tax withheld by the China and Malaysia subsidiaries was paid to the Inland Revenue department of the respective countries.
 
Non-controlling Interest

As of March 31, 2015, we held a 55% interest in Trio-Tech Malaysia, Trio-Tech (Kuala Lumpur) Sdn. Bhd., SHI International Pte. Ltd., and PTSHI Indonesia, and a 76% interest in Prestal Enterprise Sdn. Bhd. The non-controlling interest for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, in the net income of subsidiaries, was $251 as compared to the non-controlling interest in the net income of $195 for the same period of last fiscal year. The increase in the non-controlling interest in the net income of subsidiaries was attributable to the increase in net income generated by the Malaysia testing operation as a result of an increase in revenue as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.

Income / (Loss) from Discontinued Operations

Income from discontinued operations was $7 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to a loss of $38 for the same period of the last fiscal year. The other income in the discontinued operations was higher during the nine months ended March 31, 2015 compared to the same period last fiscal year, which was partially offset by the higher general and administrative expenses as compared to the same period in the last fiscal year. Increase in other income was due to the reversal of provision which was no longer required.

Net Income / (Loss)

Net income attributable to Trio-Tech International Common shareholders was $169 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, an improvement by $394 as compared to a loss of $225 for the same period in the last fiscal year. The decrease was mainly due to an increase in provision for bonus and increase in income tax expenses which were partially offset by the increase in gross margin and a decrease in operating expenses, as discussed above.
 
Earnings / (Loss) per Share

Basic and diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $0.05, an improvement of $0.11, as compared to basic and diluted loss per share of $0.06 in the same period of the last fiscal year.

Basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $0.05, an improvement of $0.11, as compared to basic and diluted loss per share of $0.06 in the same period of last fiscal year. Improvement in earnings per share was mainly due to higher gross margin and lower operating expenses for the nine months ending March 31, 2015, as discussed earlier.

Basic and diluted earnings per share from the discontinued operations was nil, as compared to basic and diluted loss per share of $0.01 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Improvement in earnings per share in the discontinued operations was mainly because there were other income during the nine months ended March 31, 2015, as compared to other expenses during the same period in the last fiscal year.
 

Segment Information

The revenue, gross profit margin, and income or loss from each segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, are presented below.  As the segment revenue and gross margin for each segment have been discussed in the previous section, only the comparison of income from operations is discussed below.

Manufacturing Segment

The revenue, gross margin and loss from operations for the manufacturing segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

 
Nine Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
$
9,754
    
$
11,589
  
Gross margin
  
16.5
%
    
15.7
%
Loss from operations
$
(768
)
  
$
(671
) 
 
Loss from operations from the manufacturing segment increased by $97 to $768 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 from $671 in the same period of the last fiscal year, primarily due to a decrease in revenue by $1,835, resulting in a decrease in gross profit by $214, as discussed earlier. Operating expenses for the manufacturing segment were $2,379 and $2,496 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decrease in operating expenses of $117 was mainly due to a decrease in selling expenses, a decrease in allocation of corporate charges, a decrease in research and development expenses and a decrease in loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment. The decreases were partially offset by an increase in the provision for bonus in a subsidiary which achieved the bonus criteria, an increase in warranty and commission expenses and the increase in the impairment of property, plant and equipment. Corporate expenses charged in fiscal 2015 were based on a pre-determined fixed amount, which was higher than the previous fiscal year in the Singapore operations for the nine months ended March 31, 2014..
 
Testing Segment

The revenue, gross margin and income from operations for the testing segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

 
Nine Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
$
13,829
    
$
13,244
  
Gross margin
  
35.0
%
    
28.9
%
Income from operations
$
1,864
    
$
797
  
 
Income from operations in the testing segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $1,864, an increase of $1,067 compared to $797 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The increase in operating income was attributable to an increase of $1,014 in gross margin and a decrease of $53 in operating expenses. Operating expenses were $2,974 and $3,027 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The decrease in operating expenses was mainly attributable to a decrease in the operating expenses in all the entities, except the Tianjin operation in China. The decrease in operating expenses was caused by the decrease in general and administrative expenses which was partially offset by the increase in selling expenses, the increase in allocation of corporate expenses, the increase in provision for bonus, the increase in impairment loss and the increase in loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment. The impairment was due to certain equipment in the Tianjin operations in China found to be unsuitable to test customer’s products and hence the decision to impair this asset.
 

Distribution Segment

The revenue, gross margin and income from operations for the distribution segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows: 

 
Nine Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
$
1,820
    
$
1,906
  
Gross margin
  
13.8
%
    
19.2
%
(Loss) / income from operations
$
(28
) 
  
$
194
  

Loss from operations in the distribution segment was $28 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, a deterioration of $222, as compared to an income of $194 for the same period of last year. The deterioration was mainly due to a decrease in revenue and a decrease in gross profit, as discussed earlier. Gross profit decreased by $113 and operating expenses increased by $109. Operating expenses were $280 and $171 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The increase in operating expenses was mainly due to an increase in general and administrative expenses and an increase in allocation of corporate expenses, which were partially offset by the decrease in selling expenses. Corporate expenses charged in fiscal 2015 were based on a pre-determined fixed amount, which was higher than the previous fiscal year in the Singapore operations for the nine months ended March 31, 2014.

Real Estate Segment

The revenue, gross margin and loss from operations for the real estate segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows: 

 
Nine Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
2015
    
2014
  
Revenue
$
130
    
$
136
  
Gross margin
  
20.8
%
    
22.8
%
Loss from operations
$
(109
) 
  
$
(68
)

Loss from operations in the real estate segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $109, an increase of $41 compared to a loss of $68 for the same period of the last fiscal year.  The increase in operating loss was mainly due to an increase in operating expenses and a decrease in gross margin, as discussed earlier. Operating expenses increased by $37 to $136 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to $99 for the same period in the last fiscal year. The increase in operating expenses was mainly due to an increase in legal fees, which was partially offset by the lower allowance for doubtful receivables for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to the same period in last fiscal year, as previously discussed.

Corporate

The loss from operations for corporate for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 was as follows:   

 
Nine Months Ended March 31,
  
(Unaudited)
2015
    
2014
  
Loss from operations
$
(173
)
  
$
(350
) 

Operating losses in the corporate office for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $173, a decrease of $177, as compared to $350 for the same period of the last fiscal year.  This was mainly due to a decrease in stock option expenses and professional fees. The stock option expenses for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 were $97, a decrease of $111 from $208 for the same period in the last fiscal year. These decreases were partially offset by the increase in provision for bonus.
 

Financial Condition

During the nine months ended March 31, 2015 total assets decreased by $2,880, from $34,590 as at June 30, 2014 to $31,710 as at March 31, 2015. The decrease in total assets was primarily due to a decrease in cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivables, other receivables, deferred tax assets, investment properties, property, plant and equipment, loans receivable from property development projects and restricted term deposits, which was partially offset by an increase in short-term deposits, inventories, prepaid expenses, and other assets.
 
Cash and cash equivalents were $2,373 as at March 31, 2015, reflecting a decrease of $565 from $2,938 as at June 30, 2014, primarily due to payments for loans and dividends in the Malaysia operations, and decreased collections from customers in operations in Malaysia and Tianjin operations in China. Collections from customers were less due to a decrease in sales for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 as compared to the same period last fiscal year. There was also delay in payments by the major customer, as they were making changes to their accounting system to incorporate the goods and services taxes which was newly introduced in Malaysia. This cash outflow was partially offset by the cash inflow from the increased cash balances from the Singapore operations due to the uplift of fixed deposit for working capital. The total sales decreased by $1,342 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 from $26,875 to $25,533 as compared to the same period last fiscal year.

At March 31, 2015, the trade accounts receivable balance decreased by $264 to $8,361 from $8,625 as at June 30, 2014, primarily due to a decrease in revenue in the Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand operations for the third quarter of fiscal 2015 as compared to the revenue in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014. Trade receivables decreased in the Chongqing operations due to the provision for doubtful receivables, which exceeded 120 days. The number of days’ sales outstanding remained relatively the same and was 88 days at the end of the third quarter of fiscal 2015, compared to 87 days at the end of the of fiscal year 2014.

At March 31, 2015, other receivables were $284, reflecting a decrease of $27 from $311 as at June 30, 2014. The decrease was primarily due to the reduction of advance payment to suppliers in our Singapore operations, and the decrease in goods and services taxes claimable, as the sales were higher than the purchases during the nine months ended March 31, 2015.

Inventory at March 31, 2015 was $1,410, an increase of $304 compared to $1,106 as at June 30, 2014. The increase in inventory was mainly due to an increase in the finished goods and work in progress in the Singapore operations in the third quarter of fiscal 2015, as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014. The number of days’ inventory held was 68 days at the end of the third quarter of fiscal 2015 compared to 66 days at the end of fiscal year 2014.  The higher days’ inventory on hand was due to an increase in purchase of inventory by the Singapore operations in the nine month period ended March 31, 2015, as compared to the year end of fiscal 2014.
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets were $302 as at March 31, 2015 compared to $205 as at June 30, 2014. The increase of $97 was primarily due to prepayments for software license fees for the Singapore operations and prepayments for insurance by the U.S. operations, Singapore operations, Malaysia operations and Tianjin operation in China.

Investment properties in China and Malaysia at March 31, 2015 were $1,669, a decrease of $96 from $1,765 as at June 30, 2014.  The decrease was primarily due to depreciation charged and the foreign exchange fluctuations for the nine months ended March 31, 2015.
 
Property, plant and equipment decreased by $1,333 from $13,541 as at June 30, 2014 to $12,208 as at March 31, 2015, mainly due to depreciation charges of $1,742, disposal of certain property, plant and equipment in the Suzhou operations and impairment in the Singapore and Tianjin operations. These decreases were partially offset by the capital expenditures of $1,460 incurred mainly in the Malaysia and Singapore operations and in Tianjin and Suzhou in the China operations.

At March 31, 2015, loans receivable from property development projects were nil, compared to $805 as at June 30, 2014. The balances were transferred during the quarter ended December 31, 2014 as a down payment for the purchase of investment property in China.   
 

Other assets as at March 31, 2015 increased by $766 to $2,029, compared to $1,263 as at June 30, 2014.  The increase in other assets was primarily due to down payment for the purchase of investment property in China and an increase in down payment for the purchase of fixed assets in the Malaysia operations which was partially offset by the capitalization of the purchase of fixed assets in the Tianjin operation in China.
 
Restricted term deposits as at March 31, 2015 decreased by $931 to $2,610, as compared to $3,541 as at June 30, 2014. The Singapore operations repaid the loans that were secured by the fixed deposit and hence the restricted deposit was released and the deposit was withdrawn. The foreign currency exchange difference between functional currency and the U.S. dollar from June 30, 2014 to March 31, 2015 also contributed to the
 
Lines of credit as at March 31, 2015 decreased by $1,948 to $1,819, compared to $3,767 as at June 30, 2014. The decrease in lines of credit was mainly due to repayment of a credit facility by the Singapore and Malaysia operations, which were partially offset by new lines of credit, drawn upon by our Malaysia operations in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015.

Trade accounts payable as at March 31, 2015 decreased by $775 to $2,387 from $3,162 as at June 30, 2014.  The decrease was mainly due to the Malaysia and Tianjin operations due to increased payments due to suppliers.

Accrued expenses as at March 31, 2015 increased by $719 to $3,765 from $3,046 as at June 30, 2014. The increase was mainly due to purchase accruals in the Singapore operations and increase in provision for bonus.

Total bank loans payable as at March 31, 2015 decreased by $759 to $2,287 from $3,046, mainly due to repayment by our Singapore and Malaysia operations, and one of the loans that was outstanding as at June 30, 2014 was settled in the second quarter of fiscal year 2015.

Liquidity Comparison
 
Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $762 to $2,392 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $3,154 in the same period of the last fiscal year. The decrease in net cash generated by operating activities was primarily due to decreases in other receivables by $1,333, inventories by $1,014, bad debts expense by $312, accounts receivables by $273, prepaid expenses and other current assets by $160, accrued interest decreased by $96 and stock options expenses by $111. These were offset by the increases in other assets by $1,267, net income by $450, accounts payable and accrued expenses by $480 and income tax payable by $280.

Net cash used in investing activities decreased by $1,457 to $809 for the nine months ended March 31, 2015, compared to $2,266 for the same period of the last fiscal year.  The decrease in cash outflow in the investing activities was primarily due to a decrease in capital spending by $837 and an increase in proceeds from restricted deposits by $636 during the nine months ended March 31, 2015.
 
Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended March 31, 2015 was $1,957, representing an increase of $938 compared to $1,019 during the same period of the last fiscal year. The increase in outflow was mainly due to an increase in repayment of lines of credit by $626, a decrease in proceeds from long-term bank loans by $265, and there were no proceeds from the exercise of stock options as compared to $351for the same period of last fiscal year. The increase in outflow in financing activities was partially offset by a decrease in repayment of bank loans and capital leases of $225 in our Singapore operation, and no dividends paid to non-controlling interests during the nine months ended March 31, 2015, as compared to dividends paid to non-controlling interests of $78 in the same period of last fiscal year.

We believe that our projected cash flows from operations, borrowing availability under our revolving lines of credit, cash on hand, trade credit and the secured bank loan will provide the necessary financial resources to meet our projected cash requirements for at least the next 12 months.   
 
Critical Accounting Estimates & Policies

During the nine months ended March 31, 2015 there have been no significant changes in the critical accounting policies, except as disclosed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in the most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 

ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
Not applicable.

ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
An evaluation was carried out by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of March 31, 2015, the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable level.  
 
During the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 

TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.          Legal Proceedings

Not applicable.

Item 1A.       Risk Factors

Not applicable.

Item 2.          Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Malaysia and Singapore regulations prohibit the payment of dividends if the Company does not have sufficient retained earnings and tax credit. In addition, the payment of dividends can only be made after making deductions for income tax pursuant to regulations. Furthermore, cash movements from the Company’s 55% owned Malaysian subsidiary to overseas are restricted and must be authorized by the Central Bank of Malaysia. California law also prohibits the payment of dividends if the Company does not have sufficient retained earnings or cannot meet certain asset to liability ratios.

Item 3.          Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
Not applicable.
 
Item 4.          Mine Safety Disclosures
 
Not applicable.

Item 5.          Other Information

Not applicable.

Item 6.          Exhibits
 
31.1
  
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer of Registrant
31.2
  
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer of Registrant 
32
  
Section 1350 Certification
101.INS*    XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL*     XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF*   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB*    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE*      XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
 
* Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information included in Exhibit 101 hereto is deemed furnished and not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections.


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.                   
                                          


 
TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
 
  By: /s/ Victor H.M. Ting
   
VICTOR H.M. TING
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Dated: May 13, 2015