TWIN DISC INC - Annual Report: 2006 (Form 10-K)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [  ] NO [ X ]

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K [  ].

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Large Accelerated Filer [  ] Accelerated Filer [ X ] -accelerated Filer [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).     YES [  ] NO [ X ]

At December 30, 2005, the last business day of the registrant’s second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $101,086,322. Determination of stock ownership by affiliates was made solely for the purpose of responding to this requirement and registrant is not bound by this determination for any other purpose.

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At August 31, 2006, the registrant had 5,840,296 shares of its common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

Portions of the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 20, 2006, which will be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report, are incorporated by reference into Part III.

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PART I

Item 1. Business

Twin Disc was incorporated under the laws of the state of Wisconsin in 1918. Twin Disc designs, manufactures and sells marine and heavy duty off-highway power transmission equipment. Products offered include: marine transmissions, surface drives, propellers and boat management systems as well as power-shift transmissions, hydraulic torque converters, power take-offs, industrial clutches and controls systems. The Company sells its products to customers primarily in the pleasure craft, commercial and military marine markets as well as in the energy and natural resources, government and industrial markets. The Company's worldwide sales to both domestic and foreign customers are transacted through a direct sales force and a distributor network. At the end of May 2004, the Company acquired Rolla SP Propellers SA a manufacturer of custom high performance propellers. The products described above have accounted for more than 90% of revenues in each of the last three fiscal years.

Most of the Company's products are machined from cast iron, forgings, cast aluminum and bar steel which generally are available from multiple sources and which are believed to be in adequate supply.

In May 2006, the Company acquired four related foreign entities: B.C.S. S.r.l., an Italian limited liability company; B.C.S. Service S.r.l., an Italian limited liability company; Boat Equipment Limited, a Maltese limited liability company; and Vetus Italia S.r.l., an Italian limited liability company. The total purchase price for the acquisition of the four entities was €17,715,000 ($22,707,000). The entire purchase price was paid in cash by wire transfer at closing. For further information, see Note R, “Acquisitions”, in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. All of the acquired entities are included in the Manufacturing segment, with the exception of Vetus Italia S.r.l., which is included in the Distribution segment.

The Company has pursued a policy of applying for patents in both the United States and certain foreign countries on inventions made in the course of its development work for which commercial applications are considered probable. The Company regards its patents collectively as important but does not consider its business dependent upon any one of such patents.

The business is not considered to be seasonal except to the extent that employee vacations are taken mainly in the months of July and August, curtailing production during that period.

The Company's products receive direct widespread competition, including from divisions of other larger independent manufacturers. The Company also competes for business with parts manufacturing divisions of some of its major customers. Primary competitive factors for the Company’s products are performance, price, service and availability. The Company’s top ten customers accounted for approximately 31% of the Company's consolidated net sales during the year ended June 30, 2006. There were no customers that accounted for 10% or more of consolidated net sales in fiscal 2006.

Unfilled open orders for the next six months of $91,598,000 at June 30, 2006 compares to $64,784,000 at June 30, 2005. Since orders are subject to cancellation and rescheduling by the customer, the six-month order backlog is considered more representative of operating conditions than total backlog. However, as procurement and manufacturing "lead times" change, the backlog will increase or decrease; and thus it does not necessarily provide a valid indicator of the shipping rate. Cancellations are generally the result of rescheduling activity and do not represent a material change in backlog.

Management recognizes that there are attendant risks that foreign governments may place restrictions on dividend payments and other movements of money, but these risks are considered minimal due to the political relations the United States maintains with the countries in which the Company operates or the relatively low investment within individual countries. The Company’s business is not subject to renegotiation of profits or termination of contracts at the election of the Government.

Engineering and development costs include research and development expenses for new product development and major improvements to existing products, and other charges for ongoing efforts to refine existing products. Research and development costs charged to operations totaled $2,024,000, $2,278,000 and $2,840,000 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Total engineering and development costs were $8,070,000, $8,050,000 and $7,600,000 in 2006,

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2005 and 2004, respectively.

Compliance with federal, state and local provisions regulating the discharge of materials into the environment, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, is not anticipated to have a material effect on capital expenditures, earnings or the competitive position of the Company.

The number of persons employed by the Company at June 30, 2006 was 872, excluding the effects of the BCS acquisition. Employment at the BCS group of companies totaled approximately 90 as of June 2006.

A summary of financial data by segment and geographic area for the years ended June 30, 2006, 2005 and 2004 appears in Note K to the consolidated financial statements on pages 40 through 42 of this form.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The Company’s business involves risk. The following information about these risks should be considered carefully together with other information contained in this report. The risks described below are not the only risks the Company faces. Additional risks not currently known or deemed immaterial may also result in adverse results for the Company’s business.

As a global company, we are subject to currency fluctuations and any significant movement between the U.S. Dollar and the Euro, in particular, could have an adverse effect on our profitability. Although the Company’s financial results are reported in U.S. dollars, a significant portion of our sales and operating costs are realized in Euros and other foreign currencies. The Company’s profitability is affected by movements of the U.S. dollar against the Euro and the other currencies in which we generate revenues and incur expenses. Significant long-term fluctuations in relative currency values, in particular a significant change in the relative values of the U.S. dollar or Euro, could have an adverse effect on our profitability and financial condition.

Certain of the Company’s products are directly or indirectly used in oil exploration and oil drilling, and are thus dependent upon the strength of those markets and oil prices. Over the past several years, the Company has seen a significant growth in the sales of its products that are used in oil and energy related markets. The growth in these markets has been spurred by the rise in oil prices and the global demand for oil. In addition, there has been a substantial increase in capital investment by companies in these markets. A significant decrease in oil prices, the demand for oil and/or capital investment in the oil and energy markets could have an adverse effect on the sales of these products and ultimately on the Company’s profitability.

Given the increase in the global demand for steel, the Company could be adversely affected if it experiences shortages of raw castings and forgings used in the manufacturing of its products. With the recent growth in the global economy and the continued development of certain third world economies, in particular China and India, the global demand for steel has risen significantly in recent years. The Company selects its suppliers based on a number of criteria, and we expect that they will be able to support our growing needs. However, there can be no assurance that a significant increase in demand, capacity constraints or other issues experienced by the Company’s suppliers will not result in shortages or delays in their supply of raw materials to the Company. If the Company were to experience a significant or prolonged shortage of critical components from any of its suppliers, particularly those who are sole sources, and could not procure the components from other sources, the Company would be unable to meet its production schedules for some of its key products and would miss product delivery dates which would adversely affect our sales, profitability and relationships with our customers.

If the Company were to lose business with any key customers, the Company’s business would be adversely affected. Although there are no customers that account for 10% or more of consolidated net sales, deterioration of a business relationship with one or more of the Company’s significant customers would cause its sales and profitability to be adversely affected.

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The Company continues to face increasing commodity costs, including steel, other raw materials and energy that could have an adverse effect on future profitability. To date, the Company has been successful with offsetting the effects of increased commodity costs through cost reduction programs and pricing actions. However, if materials prices were to continue to increase at a rate that could not be recouped through product pricing, it could potentially have an adverse effect on our future profitability.

The termination of relationships with the Company’s suppliers, or the inability of such suppliers to perform, could disrupt its business and have an adverse effect on its ability to manufacture and deliver products. The Company relies on raw materials, component parts, and services supplied by outside third parties. If a supplier of significant raw materials, component parts or services were to terminate its relationship with the Company, or otherwise cease supplying raw materials, component parts, or services consistent with past practice, the Company’s ability to meet its obligations to its customers may be affected. Such a disruption with respect to numerous products, or with respect to a few significant products, could have an adverse effect on the Company’s profitability and financial condition.

A significant design, manufacturing or supplier quality issue could result in recalls or other actions by the Company that could adversely affect profitability. As a manufacturer of highly engineered products, the performance, reliability and productivity of the Company’s products is one of its competitive advantages. While the Company prides itself on putting in place procedures to ensure the quality and performance of its products and suppliers, a significant quality or product issue, whether due to design, performance, manufacturing or supplier quality issue, could lead to warranty actions, scrapping of raw materials, finished goods or sold products, the deterioration in a customer relation, or other action that could adversely affect warranty and quality costs, future sales and profitability.

The Company faces risks associated with its international sales and operations that could adversely affect its business, results of operations or financial condition. Sales to customers outside the United States approximated 40% of our consolidated net sales for fiscal 2006. We have international manufacturing operations in Belgium, Italy and Switzerland. In addition, we have international distribution operations in Singapore, China, Australia, Japan, Italy and Canada. Our international sales and operations are subject to a number of risks, including:

• currency exchange rate fluctuations
• export and import duties, changes to import and export regulations and restrictions on the transfer of funds
• problems with the transportation or delivery of our products
• issues arising from cultural or language differences and labor unrest
• longer payment cycles and greater difficulty in collecting accounts receivables
• compliance with trade and other laws in a variety of jurisdictions

These factors could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

A material disruption at the Company’s manufacturing facilities in Racine, Wisconsin could adversely affect its ability to generate sales and meet customer demand. Nearly two-thirds of the Company’s manufacturing, based on fiscal 2006’s sales, came from its two facilities in Racine, Wisconsin. If operations at these facilities were to be disrupted as a result of significant equipment failures, natural disasters, power outages, fires, explosions, adverse weather conditions or other reasons, the Company’s business and results of operations could be adversely affected. Interruptions in production would increase costs and reduce sales. Any interruption in production capability could require the Company to make substantial capital expenditures to remedy the situation, which could negatively affect its profitability and financial condition. The Company maintains property damage insurance which it believes to be adequate to provide for reconstruction of its facilities and equipment, as well as business interruption insurance to mitigate losses resulting from any production interruption or shutdown caused by an insured loss. However, any

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recovery under this insurance policy may not offset the lost sales or increased costs that may be experienced during the disruption of operations. Lost sales may not be recoverable under the policy and long-term business disruptions could result in a loss of customers. If this were to occur, future sales levels and costs of doing business, and therefore profitability, could be adversely affected.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None

Item 2. Properties

Manufacturing Segment

The Company owns two manufacturing, assembly and office facilities in Racine, Wisconsin, U.S.A., one in Nivelles, Belgium, two in Decima, Italy and one in Novazzano, Switzerland. The aggregate floor space of these five plants approximates 724,000 square feet. One of the Racine facilities includes office space, which includes the Company's corporate headquarters. The Company leases additional manufacturing, assembly and office facilities in Italy (Limite sull’Arno) and Malta.

Distribution Segment

The Company also has operations in the following locations, all of which are used for sales offices, warehousing and light assembly or product service. The following properties are leased:

The properties are generally suitable for operations and are utilized in the manner for which they were designed. Manufacturing facilities are currently operating at less than 80% capacity and are adequate to meet foreseeable needs of the Company.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

Twin Disc is a defendant in several product liability or related claims of which the ultimate outcome and liability to the Company, if any, is not presently determinable. Management believes that the final disposition of such litigation will not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the year ended June 30, 2006.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

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Pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K, the following list is included as an unnumbered Item in Part I of this Report in lieu of being included in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on October 20, 2006.

Officers are elected annually by the Board of Directors at the Board meeting held preceding each Annual Meeting of the Shareholders. Each officer holds office until his successor is duly elected, or until he resigns or is removed from office. John H. Batten is the son of Michael E. Batten.

Michael E. Batten, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Batten has been employed with the Company since 1970, and was named Chairman and Chief Executive Officer in 1991. Effective with the retirement of Mr. Joyce on July 31, 2006, Mr. Batten will take on the title of President in addition to Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.

Christopher J. Eperjesy, Vice President – Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary. Mr. Eperjesy joined the Company in November 2002 as Vice President – Finance & Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer. Prior to joining Twin Disc, Mr. Eperjesy was Divisional Vice President – Financial Planning & Analysis for Kmart Corporation since 2001, and Senior Manager – Corporate Finance with DaimlerChrysler AG since 1999.

James E. Feiertag, Executive Vice President. Mr. Feiertag was appointed to his present position in October 2001. Prior to being promoted, he served as Vice President – Manufacturing since joining the Company in November 2000. Prior to joining Twin Disc, Mr. Feiertag was the Vice President of Manufacturing for the Drives and Systems Group of Rockwell Automation since 1999.

John H. Batten, Executive Vice President. Mr. Batten was promoted to his current role in November 2004, after serving as Vice President and General Manager – Marine and Propulsion since October 2001 and Commercial Manager – Marine and Propulsion since 1998. Mr. Batten joined Twin Disc in 1996 as an Application Engineer. Mr. Batten is the son of Mr. Michael Batten.

Henri Claude Fabry, Vice President – Global Distribution. Mr. Fabry was appointed to his current position in October 2001, after serving as Vice President – Marine and Distribution since 1999. Mr. Fabry joined Twin Disc in 1997 as Director, Marketing and Sales of the Belgian subsidiary.

Dean J. Bratel, Vice President - Engineering. Mr. Bratel was promoted to his current role in November 2004 after serving as Director of Corporate Engineering (since January 2003), Chief Engineer (since October 2001) and Engineering Manager (since December 1999). Mr. Bratel joined Twin Disc in 1987.

Denise L. Wilcox, Vice President - Human Resources. After joining the Company as Manager Compensation & Benefits in September 1998, Ms. Wilcox was promoted to Director Corporate Human Resources in March 2002 and to her current role in November 2004. Prior to joining Twin Disc, Ms. Wilcox held positions with Johnson International and Runzheimer International.

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Jeffrey S. Knutson, Corporate Controller. Mr. Knutson was appointed to his current role in October 2005 after joining the Company in February 2005 as Controller of North American Operations. Prior to joining Twin Disc, Mr. Knutson held Operational Controller positions with Tower Automotive (since August 2002) and Rexnord Corporation (since November 1998).

Michael H. Joyce retired as President and Chief Operating officer effective July 31, 2006. From 1995 until his retirement, Mr. Joyce held the positions of President and Chief Operating Officer.

PART II

Item 5. Market for the Registrant's Common Stock and Related Stockholder Matters

The Company's common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol TWIN. Prior to October 21, 2004, the Company’s common stock was traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol TDI. The price information below, which reflect the impact of the March 31, 2006 stock split, represents the high and low sales prices for the Company’s common stock from July 1, 2004 through October 20, 2004 and, from October 21, 2004 through June 30, 2006, the high and low bid information for the Company’s common stock:

For information regarding the Company’s equity-based compensation plans, see the discussion under Item 12 on page 24 of this report. As of August 31, 2006 there were 804 shareholder accounts. The closing price of Twin Disc common stock as of August 31, 2006 was $32.25.

Pursuant to a shareholder rights plan (the "Rights Plan"), on April 17, 1998, the Board of Directors declared a dividend distribution, payable to shareholders of record at the close of business on June 30, 1998, of one Preferred Stock Purchase Right ("Rights") for each outstanding share of Common Stock (pursuant to the split of the Company’s stock in fiscal 2006, each share of common stock currently has one-half of a Right). The Rights will expire 10 years after issuance, and will be exercisable only if a person or group becomes the beneficial owner of 15% or more of the Common Stock (or 25% in the case of any person or group which currently owns 15% or more of the shares or who shall become the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the shares as a result of any transfer by reason of the death of or by gift from any other person who is an Affiliate or an Associate of such existing holder or by succeeding such a person as trustee of a trust existing on the record date) (an “Acquiring Person”), or 10 business days following the commencement of a tender or exchange offer that would result in the offeror beneficially owning 25% or more of the Common Stock. A person who is not an Acquiring Person will not be deemed to have become an Acquiring Person solely as a result of a reduction in the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding due to a repurchase of Common Stock by the Company until such person becomes beneficial owner of any additional shares of Common Stock. Each Right will entitle shareholders who received the Rights to buy one newly issued unit of one one-hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Preferred Stock at an exercise price of $160, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments. The Company will generally be entitled to redeem the Rights at $.05 per Right at any time prior to 10 business days after a public announcement of the existence of an Acquiring Person. In addition, if (i) a person or group accumulates more than 25% of the Common Stock (except pursuant to an offer for all outstanding shares of Common Stock which the independent directors of the Company determine to be fair to and otherwise in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders and except solely due to a reduction in the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding due to the repurchase of Common Stock by the Company), (ii) a merger takes place with

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an Acquiring Person where the Company is the surviving corporation and its Common Stock is not changed or exchanged, (iii) an Acquiring Person engages in certain self-dealing transactions, or (iv) during such time as there is an Acquiring Person, an event occurs which results in such Acquiring Person's ownership interest being increased by more than 1% (e.g., a reverse stock split), each Right (other than Rights held by the Acquiring Person and certain related parties which become void) will represent the right to purchase, at the exercise price, Common Stock (or in certain circumstances, a combination of securities and/or assets) having a value of twice the exercise price. In addition, if following the public announcement of the existence of an Acquiring Person the Company is acquired in a merger or other business combination transaction, except a merger or other business combination transaction that takes place after the consummation of an offer for all outstanding shares of Common Stock that the independent directors of the Company have determined to be fair, or a sale or transfer of 50% or more of the Company's assets or earning power is made, each Right (unless previously voided) will represent the right to purchase, at the exercise price, common stock of the acquiring entity having a value of twice the exercise price at the time.

The Rights may have certain anti-takeover effects. The Rights will cause substantial dilution to a person or group that attempts to acquire the Company without conditioning the offer on a substantial number of Rights being acquired. However, the Rights are not intended to prevent a take-over, but rather are designed to enhance the ability of the Board of Directors to negotiate with an acquirer on behalf of all of the shareholders. In addition, the Rights should not interfere with a proxy contest.

The Rights should not interfere with any merger or other business combination approved by the Board of Directors since the Rights may be redeemed by the Company at $.05 per Right prior to 10 business days after the public announcement of the existence of an Acquiring Person.

The news release announcing the declaration of the Rights dividend, dated April 17, 1998, filed as Exhibit 99 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998, is hereby incorporated by reference.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

During the period covered by this report, the Company offered participants in the Twin Disc, Incorporated 401(k) Savings Plan (the “Plan”) the option to invest their Plan accounts in a fund comprised of Company stock. Participation interests of Plan participants in the Plan, which may be considered securities, were not registered with the SEC. Participant accounts in the Plan consist of a combination of employee deferrals, Company matching contributions, and, in some cases, additional Company profit-sharing contributions. No underwriters were involved in these transactions. On September 6, 2002, the Company filed a Form S-8 to register 200,000 shares (split adjusted) of Company common stock offered through the Plan, as well as an indeterminate amount of Plan participation interests.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

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In April 1995, the Company authorized 200,000 shares (split adjusted) to be purchased in a Stock Repurchase Program. In January 2002, the program was extended to authorize an additional 200,000 shares (split adjusted) to be purchased. There is no expiration date for this program.

Effective May 31, 2006, the Company acquired four related foreign entities: B.C.S. S.r.l., an Italian limited liability company; B.C.S. Service S.r.l., an Italian limited liability company; Boat Equipment Limited, a Maltese limited liability company; and Vetus Italia S.r.l., an Italian limited liability company. All four entities have a fiscal year ending May 31. Since the acquisition was also effective May 31, no results of operations for these four acquired entities are included in the consolidated results for the year ended June 30, 2006.

Effective May 31, 2004, the Company acquired 100% of the common stock of Rolla SP Propellers SA of

Novazzano, Switzerland. Rolla designs and manufactures custom propellers. Rolla has a fiscal year ending May 31. Since the acquisition was also effective May 31, no results of operations of Rolla are included in consolidated results for the year ended June 30, 2004. A full year’s results are included in the consolidated results for the years ended June 30, 2005 and 2006.

In January 2004, the Company sold its 25% minority interest in Palmer Johnson Distributors, LLC (PJD) to the majority holder, PJD, Inc. for $3,811,000 cash, which approximated the net book value of the investment. The Company recognized pre-tax earnings of $240,000 in fiscal year 2004 from its investment in PJD. In addition, the Company received cash distributions of $195,000 in fiscal year 2004.

Twin Disc Nico Co. Ltd. (TDN) is a joint venture between the Company and Hitachi Nico Transmission Co. Ltd. TDN’s balance sheet and statement of operations have been combined with the Company since the inception of the joint venture. TDN contributed the following for the years ended June 30 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):

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Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Note on Forward-Looking Statements

Statements in this report (including but not limited to certain statements in Items 1, 3 and 7) and in other Company communications that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements, which are based on management’s current expectations. These statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from what appears here.

Forward-looking statements include the Company’s description of plans and objectives for future operations and assumptions behind those plans. The words “anticipates,” “believes,” “intends,” “estimates,” and “expects,” or similar anticipatory expressions, usually identify forward-looking statements. In addition, goals established by Twin Disc, Incorporated should not be viewed as guarantees or promises of future performance. There can be no assurance the Company will be successful in achieving its goals.

In addition to the assumptions and information referred to specifically in the forward-looking statements, other factors, including but not limited to those factors discussed under Item 1A, Risk Factors, could cause actual results to be materially different from what is presented here.

Fiscal 2006 Compared to Fiscal 2005

Net Sales

Net sales increased $24.8 million, or 11.4%, in fiscal 2006. The year-over-year movement in foreign exchange rates resulted in a net unfavorable translation effect on sales of $3.2 million in fiscal 2006, compared to fiscal 2005.

In fiscal 2006, sales for our worldwide manufacturing operations, before eliminating intra-segment and inter-segment sales, were $19.9 million, or 9.6%, higher than in the prior year. Year-over-year changes in foreign exchange rates had a net unfavorable impact on sales of $3.0 million. The majority of the net increase came at our domestic manufacturing operation, which saw continued growth across most of its product markets. Particular strength was experienced in the off-highway transmission business, where the Company’s products are used in the oil-field servicing market and various military vehicle applications, as well as in the commercial marine transmission business.

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Net sales for distribution operations were up $10.0 million, or 14.7%, in fiscal 2006. More than half of the increase came from the Company’s Mill-Log Equipment Co., Inc. (Mill-Log) subsidiary, with operations in the Northwest USA and Southwest Canada. In fiscal 2006, Mill-Log continued to experience strong sales to its oil-field servicing and industrial product markets. About a quarter of the increase came from the Company’s subsidiary in Singapore, Twin Disc (Far East) Ltd., where the operation experienced double-digit growth driven by strong marine transmission sales for commercial applications. Year-over-year changes in foreign exchange rates did not have a significant impact on sales for the Company’s distribution operations.

Net sales for the Company’s three major product markets, marine and propulsion, off-highway transmissions, and industrial, were up 9%, 19% and 11%, respectively, versus fiscal 2005 sales levels. These net year-over-year increases are before considering the net unfavorable foreign currency translation effect noted above. Growth in the marine and propulsion market was driven primarily by commercial marine transmission sales as well as increased sales of Arneson Surface Drives and custom Rolla propellers. In the off-highway transmission market, the year-over-year improvement can be attributed primarily to increased sales in oil field and military markets. The growth experienced in the Company’s industrial products was also due in part to the increased activity related to oil field markets as well as increased sales into the agriculture, mining and general industrial markets.

The elimination for net intra-segment and inter-segment sales increased $5.1 million, or 9.1%, from $55.9 million in fiscal 2005 to $61.0 million in fiscal 2006.

Gross Profit

In fiscal 2006, gross profit increased $17 million, or nearly 30%, to $74.4 million. Nearly half of the overall increase was due to improved profitability, volume and mix experienced in the Company’s off-highway transmission products, in particular for military and oil field related transmissions. Of the remaining year-over-year increase, the majority of the improvement came from the Company’s marine products and was due to continued operating performance improvements at our Belgian manufacturing operation as a result of ongoing restructuring activities as well as the strength of the global commercial marine market.

Gross profit as a percentage of sales improved 430 basis points in fiscal 2006 to 30.6%, compared to 26.3% in fiscal 2005. There were a number of factors that impacted the Company’s overall gross margin rate in fiscal 2006. The Company’s margins continued to be adversely impacted by rising steel, energy and medical costs. The Company estimates that the impact of steel surcharges on its domestic operation alone exceeded $2.2 million. At our domestic operations, the Company experienced an increase of $1.2 million, or nearly 50%, in medical related expenses that were charged to cost of goods sold. The year-over-year movement in foreign exchange rates, primarily driven by movements in the Euro, resulted in a net unfavorable translation effect on gross profit of $1.0 million in fiscal 2006, compared to fiscal 2005. These adverse effects were more than offset by (1) increased sales and improved product mix, particularly from the domestic industrial and off-highway transmission markets, (2) selective pricing actions, (3) improvements achieved through the Company’s outsourcing and cost reduction programs, and (4) lower domestic pension and post-retirement healthcare costs of approximately $1.2 million. In addition, the Company’s Belgian operation’s gross margin was favorably affected by the continued relative strength of US Dollar versus the Euro, when compared to the average rate in fiscal 2005. This operation manufactures with Euro-based costs and sells more than a third of its production into the US market at US Dollar prices. The average Euro to US Dollar exchange rate, computed monthly, in fiscal 2006 was $1.22, which was 4.0% lower than in fiscal 2005. It is estimated that the year-over-year effect of a stronger US Dollar, on average, was to improve margins at our Belgian subsidiary by over $0.5 million.

Marketing, Engineering and Administrative (ME&A) Expenses

Marketing, engineering, and administrative (ME&A) expenses increased $4.9 million, or 11.1%, in fiscal 2006 versus fiscal 2005. As a percentage of sales, ME&A expenses remained flat at 20.4% in both fiscal 2005 and fiscal

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2006. The Company estimates that it incurred $1.9 million in costs associated with Sarbanes-Oxley compliance activities in fiscal 2006, compared to $0.1 million in fiscal 2005. In addition, as a result of the improved financial performance year-over-year, the total bonus expense increased by just over $1 million versus the prior fiscal year. The overall costs associated with the Company’s stock-related incentive compensation increased just over $0.9 million in fiscal 2006. Year-over-year changes in foreign exchange rates had a net translation effect of reducing ME&A expenses by $0.6 million. The majority of the remaining net increase of $1.8 million, or 3.7%, relates to general increases experienced in salaries and wages, marketing and engineering expenses.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased by $0.6 million, or 51.5%, in fiscal 2006. The average outstanding debt for fiscal 2006 of $26.4 million (computed monthly) was $3.4 million higher than fiscal 2005. However, the average balance of the Company’s Senior Notes, which carry an interest rate of 7.37%, decreased by $2.9 million. This was only slightly offset by an increase in the average borrowings under the Company’s revolver of $0.1 million. The interest rate on the revolver increased from a range of 2.61% to 4.39% in fiscal 2005 to a range of 4.59% to 6.29% in fiscal 2006. Total interest on the revolver increased just over $0.3 million in fiscal 2006 compared to fiscal 2005. In addition, the Company incurred interest of $0.3 million on the $25 million of Senior Notes that were entered into in April 2006.

Income Taxes

During 2006, the Company reversed a $270,000 valuation allowance on certain foreign tax credit carryforwards that are expected to be utilized as a result of certain internal corporate restructurings and transactions.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company undertook certain business restructuring activities which will allow it to utilize previously unutilized foreign tax credits. These restructuring activities resulted in a $1.4 million tax benefit during the fourth quarter. For fiscal 2005, the effective income tax rate was favorably impacted by these activities.

Management believes that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income and foreign source income to realize deferred tax assets. Of the $1,662,000 in foreign tax credit carryforwards at June 30, 2006, $71,000 will expire in 2011, $58,000 will expire in 2012, $729,000 will expire in 2013, $578,000 will expire in 2014 and $226,000 will expire in 2015. The alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards can be carried forward indefinitely. Of the $19,000 of state net operating loss carryforwards at June 30, 2006, $19,000 will expire in 2018.

Order Rates

In fiscal 2006, we continued to see an improvement in our order rates for most of our products. The backlog of orders scheduled for shipment during the next six months (six-month backlog) of $91.6 million at the end of fiscal 2006 compared favorably to the $64.8 million and $49.4 million for fiscal years ended 2005 and 2004, respectively. As of fiscal year end, our manufacturing facility in the United States saw a year-over-over increase in its six-month backlog of almost 46%, which accounted for 87% of the overall increase. The remaining increase came at our Belgian and Italian manufacturing operations. The above figures exclude the impact of the recent BCS group acquisition.

Fiscal 2005 Compared to Fiscal 2004

Net Sales

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Net sales increased $32.4 million, or 17.4%, in fiscal 2005. Rolla SP Propellers SA (Rolla Propellers), acquired at the end of fiscal 2004, contributed over $6.1 million to net sales. The continued strength of the Euro and Asian currencies versus the dollar resulted in a net favorable impact from foreign currency exchange on sales of $5.8 million in fiscal 2005, compared to fiscal 2004.

In fiscal 2005, sales for our worldwide manufacturing operations, before eliminating intra-segment and inter-segment sales, were $33.9 million, or 19.7%, higher than in the prior year. Over sixty percent of this increase came at our domestic manufacturing operation, which saw a recovery across most of its product markets. Particular strength was experienced in the off-highway transmission business, where the Company’s products are used in the oil-field servicing market and various military vehicle applications. Of the remaining increase, approximately $3.1 million was due to the impact of net favorable exchange rate movements on our European operations in Belgium and Italy, and $6.1 million was related to the additional sales from the Company’s recently acquired Swiss operation, Rolla Propellers.

Net sales for distribution operations were up $8.6 million, or 14.5%, in fiscal 2005. Nearly half of the increase came from the Company’s Mill-Log Equipment Co., Inc. (Mill-Log) subsidiary, with operations in the Northwest USA and Southwest Canada. In fiscal 2005, Mill-Log continued to experience strong sales to its oil-field servicing and industrial product markets. Nearly forty percent of the increase came from the Company’s subsidiary in Singapore, Twin Disc (Far East) Ltd., where the operation experienced double-digit growth driven by strong marine transmission sales for commercial applications. Of the overall increase, the net positive impact due to the change in foreign exchange rates was $2.7 million, or nearly a third of the overall increase.

The elimination for net intra-segment and inter-segment sales increased $10.1 million, or 22.1%, from $45.8 million in fiscal 2004 to $55.9 million in fiscal 2005.

Gross Profit

Gross profit as a percentage of sales improved 40 basis points in fiscal 2005 to 26.3%, compared to 25.9% in fiscal 2004. There were a number of factors that impacted the Company’s overall gross margin rate in fiscal 2005. The Company’s margins continued to be adversely impacted by rising steel and energy costs. The Company estimates that the impact of steel surcharges on its domestic operation alone exceeded $2.4 million. In addition, the

Company’s Belgian operation’s gross margin was adversely affected by the continued relative strength of Euro versus the US Dollar. This operation manufactures with Euro-based costs and sells more than a third of its production into the US market at US Dollar prices. The average Euro to US Dollar exchange rate in fiscal 2005 was $1.27, which was 6.1% higher than in fiscal 2004. It is estimated that the year-over-year effect of a stronger Euro was to deteriorate margins at our Belgian subsidiary by nearly $1 million. These adverse effects were offset by (1) increased sales and improved product mix, particularly from the domestic industrial and off-highway transmission markets, (2) selective pricing actions taken in the fourth quarter, (3) lower domestic pension and post-retirement healthcare costs of approximately $2.0 million, and (4) the favorable impact of foreign currency translation at our overseas operations due to the strengthening of the Euro and Asian currencies versus the US Dollar of $1.4 million.

Marketing, Engineering and Administrative (ME&A) Expenses

Marketing, engineering, and administrative (ME&A) expenses increased $7.5 million, or 20.2%, in fiscal 2005 versus fiscal 2004. As a percentage of sales, ME&A expenses increased slightly from 20.0% in fiscal 2004 to 20.4% in fiscal 2005. Compared to fiscal 2004, Rolla Propellers added an additional $2.1 million to ME&A expenses in fiscal 2005, having been acquired at the end of fiscal 2004. Approximately $0.9 million, or 242 basis points, of the increase can be attributed to the unfavorable exchange rate impact of the weakening dollar on our overseas operations’ ME&A expenses. As part of a temporary corporate-wide wage reduction program in fiscal 2004, the corporate annual incentive program was suspended. In fiscal 2005, a new bonus program was implemented that emphasizes the achievement of earning returns in excess of the Company’s cost of capital as well as other financial

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and non-financial objectives. Fiscal 2005’s ME&A expenses include the impact of the accrued bonuses that were earned in fiscal 2005 of approximately $3.2 million.

Restructuring of Operations

The Company recorded a restructuring charge of $2.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2005 as the Company restructured its Belgian operation to improve future profitability. The charge consists of prepension costs for 37 employees; 33 manufacturing employees and 4 salaried employees. As of June 30, 2005 the Company had not made any cash payments related to the above restructuring.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased by $56,000, or 5.2%, in fiscal 2005. The average outstanding debt for fiscal 2005 of $23.0 million (computed monthly) was $2.6 million higher than fiscal 2004. However, the average balance of the Company’s Senior Notes, which carry an interest rate of 7.37%, decreased by $2.9 million. This was offset by an increase in the average borrowings under the Company’s revolver of $3.2 million. The revolver carried an average interest rate in fiscal 2005 and 2004 of between 3.5% and 4.0% . Rolla Propellers, acquired effective June 2004, added an additional $2.7 million in average borrowings in fiscal 2005, at an average interest rate of just over 3%. As a result, while overall average borrowings were up 12.7%, the overall average interest rate for fiscal 2005 decreased by 40 basis points to 4.9% .

Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliate

In January 2004, the Company sold its 25% minority interest in Palmer Johnson Distributors, LLC. to the majority holder, PJD, Inc. for $3,811,000 cash, which approximated the net book value of the investment. The Company recognized pre-tax earnings of $0 and $240,000 in fiscal years 2005 and 2004, respectively, from its investment in PJD. In addition, the Company received cash distributions of $0 and $195,000 in fiscal years 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Income Taxes

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company undertook certain business restructuring activities which will allow it to utilize previously unutilized foreign tax credits. These restructuring activities resulted in a $1.4 million tax benefit during the fourth quarter. For fiscal 2005, the effective income tax rate was favorably impacted by these activities. In fiscal 2004, the effective income tax rate was adversely impacted by the inability to utilize foreign tax credits and a relatively high proportion of foreign earnings.

Management believes that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize deferred tax assets except for certain foreign tax credit carryforwards for which a valuation allowance has been recorded.

Order Rates

In fiscal 2005, we continued to see an improvement in our order rates for most of our products. As of fiscal year end, our manufacturing facility in the United States saw a year-over-year increase in its six-month backlog of almost 37%. Our Belgian manufacturing operation experienced a modest decline in its six-month backlog of approximately 10%, while our Italian manufacturing operation’s six-month backlog was relatively flat year-over-year. The backlog of orders scheduled for shipment during the next six months (six-month backlog) of $61.9 million at the end of fiscal 2005 compared favorably to the $49.4 million and $30.6 million for fiscal years ended 2004 and 2003, respectively. Rolla Propeller’s backlog, not included in the figures above, amounted to just under $3 million as of June 30, 2005.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Fiscal Years 2006, 2005 and 2004

The net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2006 totaled $18.3 million, an increase of $5.3 million, or an increase of 41%, versus fiscal 2005. The increase was primarily driven by a net increase in earnings of $7.5 million and accrued liabilities of $7.3 million, offset by increases in net inventories of $6.9 million and accounts receivable of $4.2 million. These net changes exclude the net impact of foreign currency translation and the BCS Group acquisition discussed in Footnote R. The increases in net inventories and accounts receivable were consistent with the increased sales growth and order activity experienced by the Company in its fourth fiscal quarter. Fourth quarter sales increased over 17% while the six month backlog increased over 40% as of June 30, 2006 versus the end of the prior fiscal year. This compares to increases in accounts receivables and net inventories of 11% and 14%, respectively, before the effect of foreign currency translation and the impact of the BCS Group acquisition.

The net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2005 totaled $13.0 million versus $12.2 million in fiscal 2004, for a net increase of $0.8 million. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in accounts payable, accrued liabilities and net earnings as well as a net reduction in inventories. The increase in accounts payable was primarily due to the timing of vendor payments for several large pieces of equipment acquired in fiscal 2005. The increase in accrued liabilities was primarily due to the accrued bonus that was subsequently paid in August 2005. The decrease in inventories on higher sales was driven by a corporate-wide initiative to reduce inventories in fiscal 2005. As a percentage of sales, net inventories were reduced 400 basis points to 22.2% .

The net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2004 totaled $12.2 million versus $6.7 million in fiscal 2003, for a net increase of $5.5 million. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in net earnings of $8.0 million over fiscal 2003’s net loss. This was partially offset by increased inventories at our domestic manufacturing location as we prepared to deliver transmission systems for military contracts. Accounts receivable at June 30, 2004 were approximately $0.6 million lower, adjusted for the impact of exchange rate changes, than at June 30, 2003. The change in the TDN agreement previously discussed resulted in a net reduction in accounts receivable of $3.6 million. This was offset by increased accounts receivable of $3.9 million at our domestic manufacturing location, driven by increased sales in fiscal 2004’s fourth quarter of over $7 million versus the prior fiscal year’s fourth quarter. The change in the TDN agreement also resulted in a net reduction in accounts payable of $3.8 million. This was partially offset by a net increase of $3.0 million in accounts payable at our domestic manufacturing location due to the increased sales activity noted above.

The net cash used for investing activities in fiscal 2006 consisted primarily of the net acquisition cost, net of cash acquired for the BCS Group acquisition discussed in Footnote R as well as capital expenditures for machinery, equipment and facilities renovations at our North American and European manufacturing operations.

The net cash used for investing activities in fiscal 2005 consisted primarily of capital expenditures for machinery and equipment at our domestic manufacturing location in Racine and the construction of a new state-of-the-art facility for the design and manufacturing of high performance, custom propellers at our Swiss operation, Rolla Propellers. In fiscal 2005, Rolla Propellers’ capital expenditures totaled just under $4 million and consisted of the construction of and new machinery and equipment for the new facility. At our domestic manufacturing location, capital expenditures amounted to nearly $6.8 million and included the installation of a new flexible machining system at a cost of just under $3 million.

The net cash used for investing activities in fiscal 2004 consisted of the net acquisition price for Rolla SP Propellers SA for $5.1 million, net of $1.2 million cash acquired, and nearly $4.2 million in investments in capital equipment offset by the net proceeds from the sale of the Company’s 25% minority interest in PJD, Inc. to the majority holder for $3.8 million. In fiscal 2003, the net cash used for investing activities consisted primarily of capital expenditures at our domestic and European manufacturing locations.

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In fiscal 2006, the net cash provided by financing activities consisted primarily of the net proceeds of a $25 million private placement of Senior Notes that was finalized in April 2006 (see Footnote H) offset by a net decrease in the Company’s revolving credit facility of $4.5 million and the payment of $2.1 million in dividends to shareholders.

In fiscal 2005, the net cash flow provided by financing activities consisted primarily of a net bank overdraft at our Belgian operation of $3.5 million as well as a net increase in borrowing under unsecured bank credit lines of $1.9 million, offset by net payments on long-term debt (including a $2.9 million payment on the Company’s 7.37% Senior Notes due June 2006) of $2.1 million and dividends to shareholders of just over $2 million. In addition, in April 2005, the Company announced the reactivation of its stock purchase plan. As part of this plan, the Company repurchased just under 35,000 shares of its common stock for $755,000 in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.

In fiscal 2004, the net cash flow used by financing activities consisted primarily of dividends paid to shareholders of $2.0 million and the net repayment of notes payable and long-term debt. The Company repaid $2.9 million of its 7.37% Senior Notes due June 2006. The net borrowing under the Company’s revolving credit facility increased $2 million as of June 30, 2004 versus the end of the prior fiscal year.

Future Liquidity and Capital Resources

On April 10, 2006, the Company entered into a Note Agreement (the “Note Agreement”) with Prudential Insurance Company of America and certain other entities (collectively, “Purchasers”). Pursuant to the Note Agreement, Purchasers acquired, in the aggregate, $25,000,000 in 6.05% Senior Notes due April 10, 2016 (the “Notes”). The Notes mature and become due and payable in full on April 10, 2016. Prior to the Payment Date, the Company is obligated to make quarterly payments of interest during the term of the Notes, plus prepayments of principal of $3,571,429 on April 10 of each year from 2010 to 2015, inclusive.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company’s revolving loan agreement was amended, increasing the limit from $20,000,000 to $35,000,000 and extending the term by two years to October 31, 2007. Additionally, certain capital expenditure restrictions were increased. As a condition to the acquisition of the Notes discussed above, the Company entered into an amendment to this agreement, dated as of December 19, 2002, between the Company and M&I Marshall & Ilsley Bank (“M&I”), as amended, in which amendment M&I consented to the Company entering into the Note Agreement. This credit facility is used to fund seasonal working capital requirements and other financing needs. This facility and Twin Disc’s other indebtedness contain certain restrictive covenants as are fully disclosed in Note H of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

The overall liquidity of the Company remains strong. We expect to reduce total long-term indebtedness, had $26.0 million of available borrowings on our $35 million revolving loan agreement as of June 30, 2006, and continue to generate enough cash from operations to meet our operating and investing needs. As of June 30, 2006, the Company also had cash and cash equivalents of over $16.4 million, primarily at its overseas operations. These funds, with limited restrictions, are available for repatriation as deemed necessary by the Company. In fiscal 2007, the Company expects to contribute around $5.1 million to its pension plans. However, the Company will continue to review the impact of recent pension legislation and may decide to make additional contributions depending on the outcome of that analysis. The Company intends to meet any pension funding requirements using cash from operations and, if necessary, from available borrowings under existing credit facilities.

After adjusting for the impact of the BCS Group acquisition, net working capital increased about $15 million in fiscal 2006, and the current ratio increased slightly from 1.7 at June 30, 2005 to 1.9 at June 30, 2006. The Company’s balance sheet is strong, there are no off-balance sheet arrangements, and we continue to have sufficient liquidity for near-term needs.

Twin Disc expects capital expenditures to be between $10 and $15 million in fiscal 2007. These anticipated

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expenditures reflect the Company’s plans to continue investing in modern equipment and facilities, and new products.

Management believes that available cash, the credit facility, cash generated from future operations, existing lines of credit and access to debt markets will be adequate to fund Twin Disc’s capital requirements for the foreseeable future.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations

The Company had no off-balance sheet arrangements, guarantees or obligations except for normal open purchase orders and operating leases as of June 30, 2006 and 2005. Obligations for operating leases are listed in the table below.

The Company has obligations under non-cancelable operating lease contracts and loan and senior note agreements for certain future payments. A summary of those commitments follows (in thousands):

The Company believes the capital resources available in the form of existing cash, lines of credit (see Footnote H to the consolidated financial statements), and funds provided by operations will be adequate to meet anticipated capital expenditures and other foreseeable future business requirements, including pension funding requirements. As noted above, the Company’s revolving loan agreement was amended during the first quarter of fiscal 2005, increasing the limit from $20,000,000 to $35,000,000 and extending the term by two years to October 31, 2007. As of June 30, 2006, there was $26.0 million of available borrowings under the revolver. In addition, the Company entered into a $25 million Senior Note in April 2006. The acquisition of the BCS Group companies in May 2006 was financed with $22.7 million of the proceeds from this private placement. In addition, the Company has $16.4 million of cash and cash equivalents on hand as of June 30, 2006.

Other Matters

Environmental Matters

The Company has been involved in various stages of investigation relative to hazardous waste sites, two of which were on the United States EPA National Priorities List (Superfund sites). The Company’s involvement in one of the Superfund sites was settled in 2004 for approximately $191,000. The Company has made a $117,000 payment in trust in settlement of its exposure related to the second Superfund site and anticipates that no further payments will be required. The excess reserve for these sites of $300,000 was reversed against cost of sales in 2004.

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Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of this Annual Report requires management’s judgment to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates.

Twin Disc’s significant accounting policies are described in Note A to the consolidated financial statements on pages 33 through 35 of this form. Not all of these significant accounting policies require management to make difficult, subjective, or complex judgments or estimates. However, the policies management considers most critical to understanding and evaluating our reported financial results are the following:

Revenue Recognition

Twin Disc recognizes revenue from product sales at the time of shipment and passage of title. While we respect the customer’s right to return products that were shipped in error, historical experience shows those types of adjustments have been immaterial and thus no provision is made. With respect to other revenue recognition issues, management has concluded that its policies are appropriate and in accordance with the guidance provided by Securities and Exchange Commissions’ Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, “Revenue Recognition”.

Accounts Receivable

Twin Disc performs ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and adjusts credit limits based on payment history and the customer’s credit-worthiness as determined by review of current credit information. We continuously monitor collections and payments from our customers and maintain a provision for estimated credit losses based upon our historical experience and any specific customer-collection issues. In addition, senior management reviews the accounts receivable aging on a monthly basis to determine if any receivable balances may be uncollectible. Although our accounts receivable are dispersed among a large customer base, a significant change in the liquidity or financial position of any one of our largest customers could have a material adverse impact on the collectibility of our accounts receivable and future operating results.

Inventory

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Cost has been determined by the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method for the majority of the inventories located in the United States, and by the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method for all other inventories. Management specifically identifies obsolete products and analyzes historical usage, forecasted production based on future orders, demand forecasts, and economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the reserve for excess and obsolete inventory. The adjustments to the reserve are estimates that could vary significantly, either favorably or unfavorably, from the actual requirements if future economic conditions, customer demand or competitive conditions differ from expectations.

Warranty

Twin Disc engages in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of its suppliers. However, its warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, the extent of the market affected by the failure and the expense involved in satisfactorily addressing the situation. The warranty reserve is established based on our best estimate of the amounts necessary to settle future and existing claims on products sold as of the balance sheet date. When evaluating the adequacy of the reserve for warranty costs, management takes into consideration the term of the warranty coverage, historical claim rates and costs of repair, knowledge of the type and volume of new products and economic trends. While we believe the warranty reserve is

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adequate and that the judgment applied is appropriate, such amounts estimated to be due and payable in the future could differ materially from what actually transpires.

Income Taxes

As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate must be estimated. This process involves estimating the actual current tax exposure and assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets. If it is deemed more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

On March 30, 2005, FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 47 “Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations –An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143” was issued. FIN 47 addresses the diverse accounting practices that developed with respect to the timing of liability recognition for legal obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long lived assets when the timing and (or) method of settlement of the obligation are conditional on a future event. FIN 47 concludes that an entity is required to recognize a liability for the fair value of a conditional asset retirement obligation when incurred if the liability’s fair value can be reasonably estimated. The Company is not aware of any existing conditional asset retirement obligations as of June 30, 2006. As such, there is no impact on the Company’s financial statements.

During February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155 “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments – An Amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140”. This statement addresses the treatment of financial instruments that have embedded derivatives. This statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006, and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

During March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156 “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets – An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140”. This statement requires an entity to recognize a servicing asset or servicing liability each time it undertakes an obligation to service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract in a variety of identified situations. This statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006, and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109”. This interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an entity’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”. It prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement disclosure of tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. FIN No. 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption of FIN No. 48 on its financial statements.

In July 2006, the FASB affirmed is intention to make the recognition provisions of its proposed standard, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, an amendment of FASB Statements No 87, 88, 106 and 132(R)”, effective for public companies for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of the proposed standard, including consultation with actuaries and advisors.

Item 7(a). Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

The Company is exposed to market risks from changes in interest rates, commodities and foreign exchange. To

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reduce such risks, the Company selectively uses financial instruments and other pro-active management techniques. All hedging transactions are authorized and executed pursuant to clearly defined policies and procedures, which prohibit the use of financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Discussions of the Company’s accounting policies and further disclosure relating to financial instruments is included in Note A to the consolidated financial statements on pages 33 through 35 of this form.

Interest rate risk - The Company’s earnings exposure related to adverse movements of interest rates is primarily derived from outstanding floating rate debt instruments that are indexed to the prime and LIBOR interest rates. During fiscal 2003, the Company entered into a $20,000,000 revolving loan agreement, which was due to expire on October 31, 2005. During fiscal 2005, the revolving credit commitment of the agreement was increased to $35,000,000 and the termination date of the agreement was extended to October 31, 2007. In accordance with the loan agreement, the Company has the option of borrowing at the prime interest rate or LIBOR plus an additional “Add-On”, between 1% and 2.75%, depending on the Company’s Total Funded Debt to EBITDA ratio. Due to the relative stability of interest rates, the Company did not utilize any financial instruments at June 30, 2006 to manage interest rate risk exposure. A 10 percent increase or decrease in the applicable interest rate would result in a change in pretax interest expense of approximately $55,000.

Commodity price risk - The Company is exposed to fluctuation in market prices for such commodities as steel and aluminum. The Company does not utilize commodity price hedges to manage commodity price risk exposure.

Currency risk - The Company has exposure to foreign currency exchange fluctuations. Approximately one-third of the Company’s revenues in the years ended June 30, 2006, 2005 and 2004 were denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Of that total, approximately two-thirds was denominated in euros with the balance composed of Japanese yen and the Australian and Singapore dollars. The Company does not hedge the translation exposure represented by the net assets of its foreign subsidiaries. Foreign currency translation adjustments are recorded as a component of shareholders’ equity. Forward foreign exchange contracts are used to hedge the currency fluctuations on significant transactions denominated in foreign currencies.

Derivative Financial Instruments - The Company has written policies and procedures that place all financial instruments under the direction of the company corporate treasury and restrict derivative transactions to those intended for hedging purposes. The use of financial instruments for trading purposes is prohibited. The Company uses financial instruments to manage the market risk from changes in foreign exchange rates.

The Company primarily enters into forward exchange contracts to reduce the earnings and cash flow impact of nonfunctional currency denominated receivables and payables. These contracts are highly effective in hedging the cash flows attributable to changes in currency exchange rates. Gains and losses resulting from these contracts offset the foreign exchange gains or losses on the underlying assets and liabilities being hedged. The maturities of the forward exchange contracts generally coincide with the settlement dates of the related transactions. Gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in Other Income (Expense), net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as the changes in the fair value of the contracts are recognized and generally offset the gains and losses on the hedged items in the same period. The primary currency to which the Company was exposed in 2006 and 2005 was the Euro. At June 30, 2006, the Company had net outstanding forward exchange contracts to purchase Euros in the value of $2,250,000 with a weighted average maturity of 47 days. The fair value of the Company’s contracts was a gain of approximately $31,000 at June 30, 2006. At June 30, 2005, the Company had net outstanding forward exchange contracts to purchase Euros in the value of $2,153,000 with a weighted average maturity of 31 days. The fair value of the Company’s contracts was a loss of approximately $56,000 at June 30, 2005.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

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See consolidated financial statements and Financial Statement Schedule on Pages 16 through 40 of this form.

Sales and Earnings by Quarter (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

Conclusion Regarding Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this report and under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, the Company has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures included in such controls may deteriorate.

The Company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based upon the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based upon such evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2006.

Management has excluded the BCS companies (BCS S.r.l., BCS Service S.r.l., Vetus Italia S.r.l. and Boat Equipment Limited) from its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2006 because they were acquired in a purchase combination in fiscal 2006. The total assets and total revenues of these operations represent approximately 18% and 0%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended June 30, 2006.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, who has audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements, has also audited management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2006, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2006, as stated in their report which is included herein.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006, there have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9(b). Other Information

Not applicable.

PART III

Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

For information with respect to the executive officers of the Registrant, see "Executive Officers of the Registrant" at the end of Part I of this report.

For information with respect to the Directors of the Registrant, see "Election of Directors" in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 20, 2006, which is incorporated into this report by reference.

For information with respect to compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, see "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 20, 2006, which is incorporated into this report by reference.

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For information with respect to the Company’s Code of Ethics, see "Guidelines for Business Conduct and Ethics” in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 20, 2006, which is incorporated into this report by reference. The Company’s Code of Ethics, entitled, “Guidelines for Business Conduct and Ethics”, is included on the Company’s website, www.twindisc.com.

For information with respect to changes to procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to the Company’s Board of Directors, see “Selection of Nominees for the Board” in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 20, 2006, which is incorporated into this report by reference.

For information with respect to the Audit Committee Financial Expert, see “Director Committee Functions: Audit Committee” in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 20, 2006, which is incorporated into this report by reference.

For information with respect to the Audit Committee Disclosure, see “Director Committee Functions: Audit Committee” in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 20, 2006, which is incorporated into this report by reference.

For information with respect to the Audit Committee Membership, see “Director Committee Functions: Committee Membership” in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 20, 2006, which is incorporated into this report by reference.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information set forth under the captions "Compensation of Executive Officers", "Aggregated Option Exercises in Last Fiscal Year and Year-end Option Values”, “Long-term Incentive Plans – Awards in Last Fiscal Year”, “Retirement Income Plan”, “Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan”, “Retention and Non-Compete Agreement”, “Compensation of Directors” and “Employment Contracts and Change in Control Agreements”, in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on October 20, 2006 is incorporated into this report by reference. Discussion in the Proxy Statement under the captions “Board Compensation Committee Report on Executive Compensation” and “Corporate Performance Graph” is incorporated by reference but shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” as part of this report.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

Security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is set forth in the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on October 20, 2006 under the caption "Principal Shareholders, Directors and Executive Officers" and incorporated into this report by reference.

There are no arrangements known to the Registrant, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of the Registrant.

The following table summarizes certain information regarding the Company’s equity-based compensation plans as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year:

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The Company incorporates by reference the information contained in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held October 20, 2006 under the heading “Fees to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”.

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

(a)(1) Consolidated Financial Statements

See “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule” on page 26, the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on page 27-28 and the Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 29 to 53, all of which are incorporated by reference.

Individual financial statements of the 50% or less owned entities accounted for by the equity method are not required because the 50% or less owned entities do not constitute significant subsidiaries.

(a)(2) Consolidated Financial Statement Schedule

See “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule” on page 26, and the Consolidated Financial Statement Schedule on page 54, all of which are incorporated by reference.

(a)(3) Exhibits. See Exhibit Index included as the last page of this form, which is incorporated by reference.

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Schedules, other than those listed, are omitted for the reason that they are inapplicable, are not required, or the information required is shown in the financial statements or the related notes.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Twin Disc, Incorporated:

We have completed an integrated audit of Twin Disc, Incorporated’s 2006 consolidated financial statements and of its internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2006 and audits of its 2005 and 2004 consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Our opinions, based on our audits, are presented below.

Consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Twin Disc, Incorporated and its subsidiaries at June 30, 2006 and June 30, 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2006 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit of financial statements includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

As discussed in Note L to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for stock-based compensation in 2006.

Internal control over financial reporting

Also, in our opinion, management’s assessment, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9(a), that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2006 based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on those criteria. Furthermore, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the COSO. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on management’s assessment and on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. An audit of internal control over financial reporting includes obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we consider necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

As described in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, management has excluded the BCS companies (BCS S.r.l., BCS Service S.r.l., Vetus Italia S.r.l. and Boat Equipment Limited) from its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2006 because they were acquired by the Company in a purchase business combination during 2006. We have also excluded the BCS companies from our audit of internal control over financial reporting. The BCS Companies are wholly owned subsidiaries whose total assets and total revenues represent approximately 18% and 0%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended June 30, 2006.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Milwaukee, Wisconsin
September 13, 2006

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The notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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The notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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The notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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TWIN DISC, INCORPORATED and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

For the years ended June 30, 2006, 2005 and 2004 (In thousands)

The notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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     TWIN DISC, INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

A. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The following is a summary of the significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of these financial statements:

Consolidation Principles--The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Twin Disc, Incorporated and its wholly and partially owned domestic and foreign subsidiaries. Certain foreign subsidiaries are included based on fiscal years ending March 31 or May 31, to facilitate prompt reporting of consolidated accounts. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

Translation of Foreign Currencies--The financial statements of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries are translated using the current exchange rate for assets and liabilities and the weighted average exchange rate for the year for revenues and expenses. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which is included in shareholders’ equity. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in earnings. Included in other income (expense) are foreign currency transaction losses of $38,000, $126,000 and $73,000 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Receivables--Trade accounts receivable are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,023,000 and $927,000 at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on various factors including, the aging of the accounts receivable, the evaluation of the likelihood of success in collecting the receivable and historical write-off experience.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments--The carrying amount reported in the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and notes payable approximate fair value because of the immediate short-term maturity of these financial instruments. The fair value of long-term debt approximates the carrying amount at June 30, 2006 and exceeded its carrying amount by $66,000 at June 30, 2005, based on the current rates that would be offered to the Company for debt with the same remaining maturity.

Derivative Financial Instruments--The Company has written policies and procedures that place all financial instruments under the direction of the Company’s corporate treasury and restricts all derivative transactions to those intended for hedging purposes. The use of financial instruments for trading purposes is prohibited. The Company uses financial instruments to manage the market risk from changes in foreign exchange rates.

The Company primarily enters into forward exchange contracts to reduce the earnings and cash flow impact of nonfunctional currency denominated receivables and payables. These contracts are highly effective in hedging the cash flows attributable to changes in currency exchange rates. Gains and losses resulting from these contracts offset the foreign exchange gains or losses on the underlying assets and liabilities being hedged. The maturities of the forward exchange contracts generally coincide with the settlement dates of the related transactions. Gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in other income (expense), net as the changes in the fair value of the contracts are recognized and generally offset the gains and losses on the hedged items in the same period. The primary currency to which the Company was exposed in 2006 and 2005 was the euro. At June 30, 2006, the Company had net outstanding forward exchange contracts to purchase euros in the value of $2,250,000 with a weighted average maturity of 47 days. The fair value of the Company’s forward exchange contracts was a gain of approximately $31,000 at June 30, 2006. At June 30, 2005, the Company had net outstanding forward exchange contracts to purchase euros in the value of $2,153,000 with a weighted average maturity of 31 days. The fair value of the Company’s foreign exchange contracts was a loss of approximately $56,000 at June 30, 2005.

Inventories--Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Cost has been determined by the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method for the majority of inventories located in the United States, and by the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method for all other inventories. Management specifically identifies obsolete products and analyzes historical usage, forecasted production based on future orders, demand forecasts, and economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the reserve for excess and obsolete inventory.

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Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation--Assets are stated at cost. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged against earnings as incurred. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments are capitalized and depreciated. Depreciation is provided on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets for financial reporting and on accelerated methods for income tax purposes. The lives assigned to buildings and related improvements range from 10 to 40 years, and the lives assigned to machinery and equipment range from 5 to 15 years. Upon disposal of property, plant and equipment, the cost of the asset and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in earnings. Fully depreciated assets are not removed from the accounts until physically disposed.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets--The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable in accordance with the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment of Long-lived Assets”. For property, plant and equipment and other long-lived assets, excluding indefinite lived intangible assets, the Company performs undiscounted operating cash flow analyses to determine if an impairment exists. If an impairment is determined to exist, any related impairment loss is calculated based on fair value.

Investments in Affiliates--The Company’s investments in 20% to 50%-owned affiliates in which it has significant influence are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in affiliates where significant control does not exist are accounted for using the cost method.

Revenue Recognition--Revenue is recognized by the Company when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred and ownership has transferred to the customer; the price to the customer is fixed or determinable; and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue is recognized at the time product is shipped to the customer, except for certain domestic shipments to overseas customers where revenue is recognized upon receipt by the customer.

Goodwill and Other Intangibles--Goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually and more frequently if an event occurs which indicates the goodwill may be impaired in accordance with the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. Impairment of goodwill is measured according to a two step approach. In the first step, the fair value of a reporting unit, as defined by the statement, is compared to the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill. The fair value is primarily determined using discounted cash flow analyses, however other methods may be used to substantiate the discounted cash flow analyses, including third party valuations when necessary. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, the second step of the goodwill impairment test is performed to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any. In the second step the implied value of the goodwill is estimated as the fair value of the reporting unit less the fair value of all other tangible and identifiable intangible assets of the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of the goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess, not to exceed the carrying amount of the goodwill.

Warranty--The Company warrants all assembled products and parts (except component products or parts on which written warranties are issued by the respective manufacturers thereof and are furnished to the original customer, as to which the Company makes no warranty and assumes no liability) against defective materials or workmanship. Such warranty generally extends from periods ranging from 12 months to 24 months.

The Company engages in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of its suppliers. However, its warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, the extent of the market affected by the failure and the expense involved in satisfactorily addressing the situation. The warranty reserve is established based on the Company’s best estimate of the amounts necessary to settle future and existing claims on products sold as of the balance sheet date. When evaluating the adequacy of the reserve for warranty costs, management takes into consideration the term of the warranty coverage, historical claim rates and costs of repair, knowledge of the type and volume of new products and economic trends. While the Company believes the warranty reserve is adequate and that the judgment applied is appropriate, such amounts estimated to be due and payable in the future could differ materially from what actually transpires.

Deferred Taxes--The Company recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future income tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the temporary differences between the financial statement

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carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which temporary differences are expected to reverse.

The Company has provided for the estimated residual U.S. tax on a portion of these earnings, which may not be indefinitely reinvested. The remaining earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. If these indefinitely reinvested earnings were remitted to the U.S they would be subject to U.S. income tax. However, this tax would be substantially less than the U.S. statutory income tax because of available foreign tax credits.

Stock-Based Compensation--At June 30, 2006, the Company has two stock-based compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note L, “Stock Option Plans.” The Company accounts for these plans under the recognition and measurement provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” which was adopted July 1, 2005. The effect on prior year net earnings and earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 to stock-based employee compensation is disclosed in Note L.

Management Estimates--The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates.

Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs--The Company records revenue from shipping and handling costs in net sales. The cost associated with shipping and handling of products is reflected in cost of sales.

Reclassification--Certain amounts in the 2005 financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the presentation in the 2006 financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

On March 30, 2005, FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 47 “Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations –An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143” was issued. FIN 47 addresses the diverse accounting practices that developed with respect to the timing of liability recognition for legal obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long lived assets when the timing and (or) method of settlement of the obligation are conditional on a future event. FIN 47 concludes that an entity is required to recognize a liability for the fair value of a conditional asset retirement obligation when incurred if the liability’s fair value can be reasonably estimated. The Company is not aware of any existing conditional asset retirement obligations as of June 30, 2006. As such, there is no impact on the Company’s financial statements.

During February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155 “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments – An Amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140”. This statement addresses the treatment of financial instruments that have embedded derivatives. This statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006, and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

During March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156 “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets – An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140”. This statement requires an entity to recognize a servicing asset or servicing liability each time it undertakes an obligation to service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract in a variety of identified situations. This statement is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006, and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109”. This interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an entity’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”. It prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement disclosure of tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. FIN No. 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption of FIN No. 48 on its financial statements.

In July 2006, the FASB affirmed is intention to make the recognition provisions of its proposed standard, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, an amendment of FASB

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Statements No 87, 88, 106 and 132(R)”, effective for public companies for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of the proposed standard, including consultation with actuaries and advisors.

B. INVENTORIES

The major classes of inventories at June 30 were as follows (in thousands):

Inventories stated on a LIFO basis represent approximately 47% and 41% of total inventories at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The approximate current cost of the LIFO inventories exceeded the LIFO cost by $22,249,000 and $22,082,000 at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Inventory quantities were reduced in 2005 resulting in a liquidation of LIFO inventory quantities carried at costs prevailing in prior years which were lower than current costs. The effect was to increase the 2005 net income by $133,000.

C. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment at June 30 were as follows (in thousands):

Depreciation expense for the year ended June 30, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $5,529,000, $5,108,000 and $5,226,000, respectively.

D. INVESTMENT IN AFFILIATE

The Company’s investment in affiliate consisted of a 25% minority interest in Palmer Johnson Distributors, LLC (PJD) a domestic distributor of Twin Disc products.

In January 2004, the Company sold its 25% minority interest in PJD to the majority holder, PJD, Inc. for $3,811,000 cash, which approximated the net book value of the investment. The Company recognized pre-tax earnings of $240,000 in fiscal year 2004 from its investment in PJD. In addition, the Company received cash distributions of $195,000 in fiscal year 2004.

E. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES

The Company performed impairment tests of its goodwill at June 30, 2006 and 2005 and determined that no impairment of goodwill existed. Goodwill at June 30, 2006 and 2005 is net of accumulated amortization of $789,000.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, substantially all of which is allocated to the manufacturing segment, for the years ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (in thousands):

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Included in Other assets at June 30, are the following acquired intangible assets that have defined useful lives and are subject to amortization (in thousands):

The weighted average remaining useful life of the intangible assets included in the table above is approximately 9 years.

Intangible amortization expense for the year ended June 30, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $337,000, $569,000 and $466,000, respectively. Estimated intangible amortization expense for each of the next five fiscal years is as follows (in thousands):

The gross carrying amount of the Company’s intangible assets that have indefinite lives and are not subject to amortization as of June 30, 2006 and 2005 are $2,759,000 and $163,000, respectively. These assets are comprised of acquired tradenames.

The entire increase in the gross carrying amounts of goodwill and other intangible assets is the result of acquisitions completed in the current fiscal year and the impact of changes in foreign currency rates. See Note R, “Acquisitions,” for additional details.

F. ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Accrued liabilities at June 30 were as follows (in thousands):

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G. WARRANTY

The following is a listing of the activity in the warranty reserve during the years ended June 30 (in thousands):

Notes payable consists of amounts borrowed under unsecured line of credit agreements. These lines of credit may be withdrawn at the option of the banks. The following is aggregate borrowing information at June 30 (in thousands):

On April 10, 2006, the Company entered into a Note Agreement (the “Note Agreement”) with The Prudential Insurance Company of America and certain other entities (collectively, “Purchasers”). Pursuant to the Note Agreement, Purchasers acquired, in the aggregate, $25,000,000 in 6.05% Senior Notes due April 10, 2016 (the “Notes”).

The Notes mature and become due and payable in full on April 10, 2016 (the “Payment Date”). Prior to the Payment Date, the Company is obligated to make quarterly payments of interest during the term of the Notes, plus

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prepayments of principal of $3,571,429 on April 10 of each year from 2010 to 2015, inclusive. The Company also has the option of making additional prepayments subject to certain limitations, including the payment of a Yield-Maintenance Amount as defined in the Note Agreement. In addition, the Company will be required to make an offer to purchase the Notes upon a Change of Control, and any such offer must include the payment of a Yield-Maintenance Amount.

The Note Agreement includes certain financial covenants which are identical to those associated with the revolving loan agreement discussed below. The Note Agreement also includes certain restrictive covenants that limit, among other things, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the disposition of assets outside the ordinary course of business, the payment of dividends or other distributions or the making of certain other restricted payments, and the amount of capital expenditures made by Twin Disc in any fiscal year; however, the Company may pay cash dividends of up to $3,000,000 in any rolling four-quarter period, and may purchase or redeem up to $2,500,000 of outstanding capital stock in any rolling four-quarter period, so long as no Default or Event of Default (as defined in the Note Agreement) exists or would be created by such payments. The Note Agreement provides that it shall automatically include any covenants or events of default not previously included in the Note Agreement to the extent such covenants or events of default are granted to any other lender of an amount in excess of $1,000,000. Following an Event of Default, each Purchaser may accelerate all amounts outstanding under the Notes held by such party.

As a condition to the acquisition of the Notes, the Company entered into an amendment to that certain Loan Agreement, dated as of December 19, 2002, between the Company and M&I Marshall & Ilsley Bank (“M&I”), as amended, in which amendment M&I consented to the Company entering into the Note Agreement.

In December 2002, the Company entered into a $20,000,000 revolving loan agreement which had an original expiration date of October 31, 2005. In September 2004, the revolving loan agreement was amended to increase the commitment to $35,000,000 and extend the termination date of the agreement to October 31, 2007. This agreement contains certain covenants, including restrictions on investments, acquisitions and indebtedness. Financial covenants include a minimum consolidated net worth calculated consistently with the net worth covenant discussed in the above paragraph, minimum EBITDA of $11,000,000 at June 30, 2006 and a maximum total funded debt to EBITDA ratio of 2.5 at June 30, 2006. As of June 30, 2006, the Company was in compliance with these covenants. The outstanding balance of $9,000,000 and $13,500,000 at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, is classified as long-term debt. Borrowings under this agreement bear interest on a schedule determined by the Company’s leverage ratio and the LIBOR interest rate (LIBOR plus 1.00% and 1.25% at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively). The rate was 6.129% and 4.390% at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

The secured long term debt of $1,140,000 at June 30, 2006 represents a Rolla mortgage loan maturing in May 2008, carrying an interest rate of 4.25% .

The aggregate scheduled maturities of outstanding long term debt obligations in subsequent years are as follows (in thousands):

I. LEASE COMMITMENTS

Approximate future minimum rental commitments under noncancellable operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

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Total rent expense for operating leases approximated $3,002,000, $3,248,000, and $3,587,000 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

J. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

At June 30, 2006 and 2005, treasury stock consisted of 718,236 and 764,044 shares of common stock, respectively. The Company issued 53,050 shares of treasury stock in 2006, to fulfill its obligations under the stock option plans and restricted stock grants. The difference between the cost of treasury shares and the option price is recorded in common shares. The fair value of the restricted stock grants are recorded as compensation over the vesting period which is generally 1 to 4 year periods. The Company repurchased 8,242 shares of stock in 2006 for $214,000, which was recorded as treasury stock.

Cash dividends per share were $0.365, $0.35 and $0.35 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively (on a post-split basis).

In 1998, the Company's Board of Directors established a Shareholder Rights Plan and distributed to shareholders one preferred stock purchase right for each outstanding share of common stock (pursuant to the split of the Company’s stock, each share of common stock currently has one-half of a Right). Under certain circumstances, a right may be exercised to purchase one one-hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Preferred Stock at an exercise price of $160, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments. The rights become exercisable ten (10) days after a public announcement that a party or group has either acquired at least 15% (or at least 25% in the case of existing holders who currently own 15% or more of the common stock), or commenced a tender offer for at least 25% of the Company's common stock. Generally, after the rights become exercisable, if the Company is a party to certain merger or business combination transactions, or transfers 50% or more of its assets or earnings power, or certain other events occur, each right will entitle its holders, other than the acquiring person, to buy a number of shares of common stock of the Company, or of the other party to the transaction, having a value of twice the exercise price of the right. The rights expire June 30, 2008, and may be redeemed by the Company for $.05 per right at any time until ten (10) days following the stock acquisition date. The Company is authorized to issue 200,000 shares of preferred stock, none of which have been issued. The Company has designated 50,000 shares of the preferred stock for the purpose of the Shareholder Rights Plan.

K. BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND FOREIGN OPERATIONS

The Company and its subsidiaries are engaged in the manufacture and sale of marine and heavy duty off-highway power transmission equipment. Principal products include marine transmissions, surface drives, propellers and boat management systems, as well as power-shift transmissions, hydraulic torque converters, power take-offs, industrial clutches and controls systems. The Company sells to both domestic and foreign customers in a variety of market areas, principally pleasure craft, commercial and military marine markets, as well as in the energy and natural resources, government and industrial markets.

The Company has two reportable segments: manufacturing and distribution. These segments are managed separately because each provides different services and requires different technology and marketing strategies. The accounting practices of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Transfers among segments are at established inter-company selling prices.

Information about the Company's segments is summarized as follows (in thousands):

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The following is a reconciliation of reportable segment net sales, earnings and assets to the Company’s consolidated totals (in thousands):

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All adjustments represent inter-company eliminations and corporate amounts.

Geographic information about the Company is summarized as follows (in thousands):

There were no customers that accounted for 10% or more of consolidated net sales in 2006, 2005 and 2004.

L. STOCK OPTION PLANS

During fiscal 2005, the Company adopted the Twin Disc, Incorporated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the “Directors’ Plan”), a plan to grant non-employee directors options to purchase up to 72,000 shares of common stock, and the Twin Disc, Incorporated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Stock Incentive Plan”), a plan under which officers and key employees may be granted options to purchase up to 328,000 shares of common stock as well as other equity-based awards. The Directors’ Plan grants non-employee directors who are elected or reelected to the board, or who continue to serve on the board, options to purchase 600 shares of common stock as of each annual meeting of shareholders. Such options carry an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock as of the date of grant, vest immediately, and expire ten years after the date of grant. Options granted under the Stock Incentive Plan are determined to be non-qualified or incentive stock options as of the date of grant, and may carry a vesting schedule. For options under the Stock Incentive Plan that are intended to qualify as incentive stock options, if the optionee owns more than 10% of the total combined voting power of the

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Company’s stock, the price will not be less than 110% of the grant date fair market value and the options expire five years after the date of grant.

The Company has 7,200 non-qualified stock options outstanding as of June 30, 2006 under the Twin Disc, Incorporated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors.

The Company has 34,500 incentive stock options and 91,500 non-qualified stock options outstanding at June 30, 2006 under the Twin Disc, Incorporated 1998 Incentive Compensation plan and the 1998 Stock Option Plan for Non-employee Directors. The 1998 plans were terminated during 2004, except that options then outstanding will remain so until exercised or until they expire.

The Company has 9,500 incentive stock options and 23,200 non-qualified stock options outstanding at June 30, 2006 under the Twin Disc, Incorporated 1988 Incentive Stock Option plan and the 1988 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan for Officers, Key Employees and Directors. The 1988 plans were terminated during 2004, except that options then outstanding will remain so until exercised or until they expire.

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In July 2005, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standard No. 123(R) “Share Based Payment” (FAS 123R). This statement requires the Company to expense the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments using the fair-value-based method. 3,600 stock options were granted during fiscal 2006. All options are 100% vested at the date options are issued. Compensation cost of $19,000 has been recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for fiscal 2006. There was no compensation cost recognized in fiscal 2005.

Prior to July 2005, the Company accounted for its stock option plans under the guidelines of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25. Accordingly, no compensation cost was recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Had the Company recognized compensation expense determined based on the fair value at the grant date for awards under the plans, the net earnings and earnings per share would have been as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

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The above pro forma net earnings and earnings per share were computed using the fair value of options at the date of grant (for options granted after June 1995) as calculated by the Black-Scholes option-pricing method and the following assumptions:

Incentive options granted to greater than 10% shareholders are calculated using a 3 year term and an exercise price equal to 110% of the fair market value on the date of grant. There were no incentive options granted to a greater than 10% shareholder during the years presented.

In fiscal 2006, the Company granted 47,510 performance stock unit award grants to various employees of the Company, including executive officers. The stock unit awards will vest if the Company achieves specified consolidated gross revenue objectives in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2008. If such objective is met, the employees will receive a cash payment equal to the number of units multiplied by the fair-value of the Company’s common stock as of June 30, 2008. The performance stock unit awards are remeasured at fair-value at the end of each reporting period. The fair-value of the stock unit awards is expensed over the performance period for the shares that are expected to ultimately vest. The compensation expense for the year-ended June 30, 2006, related to the performance stock unit award grants, approximated $312,000.

In fiscal 2006 and 2005, the Company granted 66,700 and 63,000 performance stock awards, respectively, to various employees of the Company, including executive officers. The stock awards will vest if the Company achieves specified consolidated gross revenue objectives in the fiscal years ending June 30, 2007 and 2008. The fair-value of the performance shares is based on the closing trading value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the stock awards is expensed over the performance period for the shares that are expected to ultimately vest. The compensation expense for the year-end June 30, 2006 and 2005, related to performance stock awards, approximated $689,000 and $0, respectively.

In addition to the performance shares mentioned above, the Company has unvested restricted stock outstanding that will vest if certain service conditions are fulfilled. During fiscal 2006 and 2005, the Company granted 3,600 and 9,600 service based restricted shares to employees. There were 34,000 and 60,600 unvested shares outstanding at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Compensation expense of $140,000 and $203,000 was recognized during the year-ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, related to these service-based awards.

M. ENGINEERING AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS

Engineering and development costs include research and development expenses for new products, development and major improvements to existing products, and other charges for ongoing efforts to refine existing products. Research and development costs charged to operations totaled $2,024,000, $2,278,000, and $2,840,000 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Total engineering and development costs were $8,070,000, $8,050,000, and $7,600,000 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

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N. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

The Company has non-contributory, qualified defined benefit pension plans covering substantially all domestic employees hired prior to October 1, 2003 and certain foreign employees. Domestic plan benefits are based on years of service, and, for salaried employees, on average compensation for benefits earned prior to January 1, 1997 and on a cash balance plan for benefits earned after January 1, 1997. The Company's funding policy for the plans covering domestic employees is to contribute an actuarially determined amount which falls between the minimum and maximum amount that can be deducted for federal income tax purposes. Domestic plan assets consist principally of listed equity and fixed income securities.

On June 20, 2003 the Board of Directors amended the defined benefit pension plans covering domestic salaried and hourly employees to exclude all employees hired after October 1, 2003 from the plans. In addition, effective October 1, 2003, a portion of the medical supplement for post-1992 retirees that is payable prior to Medicare eligibility has been removed from the plan. The $19.24 per month benefit times years of service has been reduced to $4.42 per month times years of service. The $14.82 benefit removed is now provided through the retiree health plan discussed below. The remaining medical supplement is calculated using service frozen as of October 1, 2003.

In addition, the Company has unfunded, non-qualified retirement plans for certain management employees and directors. Benefits are based on final average compensation and vest upon retirement from the Company.

In addition to providing pension benefits, the Company provides health care and life insurance benefits for certain domestic retirees. All employees retiring after December 31, 1992, and electing to continue coverage through the Company's group plan, are required to pay 100% of the premium cost. On June 20, 2003 the Board of Directors amended the coverage under the plans as follows:

Obligations and Funded Status

The following table sets forth the Company's defined benefit pension plans’ and other postretirement benefit plan’s funded status and the amounts recognized in the Company's balance sheets and statement of operations as of June 30 (dollars in thousands):

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The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $121,876,000 and $125,402,000 at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Medicare Part D subsidy reduced the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation by $1,959,000 and $1,680,000 as of June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:

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The Medicare Part D subsidy reduced the postretirement benefit expense by $283,000 for fiscal 2006.