U.S. Stem Cell, Inc. - Annual Report: 2009 (Form 10-K)
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
___________________________________
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
(X)
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009
OR
( )
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _____________ to ______________
Commission File Number 001-33718
BIOHEART, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Florida | 65-0945967 |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
13794 NW 4th Street, Suite 212, Sunrise, Florida 33325
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrants telephone number, including area code (954) 835-1500
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.001 Par Value
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [ ] No [X]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes [ ] No [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Sec. 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files. ¨ Yes ¨No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer [ ]
Accelerated filer [ ]
Non-accelerated filer [ ]
Smaller reporting company [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [ ] No [X]
As of June 30, 2009 the aggregate market value of the registrants common stock, $0.001 par value, held by non-affiliates, computed by reference to the closing sale price of the common stock reported on the OTCBB as of June 30, 2009, was approximately $14.75 million. For purposes of the above statement only, all directors, executive officers and 10% shareholders are assumed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
The number of shares outstanding of the registrants Common Stock, $0.001 Par Value, as of February 28, 2010 was 20,489,444.
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The Companys definitive Proxy Statement for the Companys 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 (incorporated in Part III to the extent provided in Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 hereof)
BIOHEART, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2009
Page
PART I | ||||
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Item 1. | Business | 2 | ||
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 31 | ||
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments | 39 | ||
Item 2. | Properties | 39 | ||
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings | 39 | ||
Item 4. | [Reserved} | 40 | ||
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PART II | ||||
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Item 5. | Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer | 41 | ||
Item 6. | Selected Financial Data | 44 | ||
Item 7. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 44 | ||
Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 52 | ||
Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 52 | ||
Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 52 | ||
Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures | 53 | ||
Item 9B. | Other Information | 54 | ||
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PART III | ||||
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Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | 55 | ||
Item 11. | Executive Compensation | 55 | ||
Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related | 55 | ||
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | 55 | ||
Item 14. | Principal Accounting Fees and Services | 55 | ||
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PART IV | ||||
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Item 15. | Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules | 56 |
1
PART I
This report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act, and we intend that such forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbors created thereby. These forward-looking statements are based on our managements beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to our management. Any such forward-looking statements would be contained principally in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Risk Factors. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities and the effects of regulation. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by terms such as anticipates, believes, could, estimates, expects, hopes, intends, may, plans, potential, predicts, projects, should, will, would or similar expressions.
Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. We discuss many of these risks in greater detail in Risk Factors. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Also, forward-looking statements represent our managements beliefs and assumptions only as of the date of this report. You should read this report and the documents that we reference in this report and have filed as exhibits to the report completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.
Item 1.
Business
Overview
We are committed to maintaining our leading position within the cardiovascular sector of the cell technology industry delivering cell therapies, intelligent devices and biologics that help address congestive heart failure, lower limb ischemia, chronic heart ischemia, acute myocardial infarctions and other issues. We work to prevent the worsening of any condition with devices that monitor and diagnose. Our goals are to regenerate damaged tissue, if possible, improve a patient's quality of life, reduce hospitalizations and reduce overall health care costs.
We were incorporated in the state of Florida in August 1999. Our principal executive offices are located at 13794 NW 4th Street, Suite 212, Sunrise, Florida 33325 and our telephone number is (954) 835-1500. Information about us is available on our corporate web site at www.bioheartinc.com. Information contained on the web site does not constitute part of, and is not incorporated by reference in, this report.
Biotechnology Product Candidates
Specific to biotechnology, we are focused on the discovery, development and, subject to regulatory approval, commercialization of autologous cell therapies for the treatment of chronic and acute heart damage and peripheral vascular disease. MyoCell is a clinical muscle-derived cell therapy designed to populate regions of scar tissue within a patient's heart with new living cells for the purpose of improving cardiac function in chronic heart failure patients. Our most recent clinical trials of MyoCell include the SEISMIC Trial, a completed 40-patient, randomized, multicenter, controlled, Phase II-a study conducted in Europe and the MYOHEART Trial, a completed 20-patient, multicenter, Phase I dose-escalation trial conducted in the United States. We were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the FDA) to proceed with a 330-patient, multicenter Phase II/III trial of MyoCell in North America and Europe (the MARVEL Trial). We completed the MyoCell implantation procedure on the first patient in the MARVEL Trial on October 24, 2007. Thus far, 20 patients, including 6 control patients, have been treated. Initial results for the 20 patients were released at the Heart Failure Society of American meeting in September, 2009, showing a significant (35%) improvement in the 6 minute walk for those patients who were treated, and no improvement for those who received a placebo. We are planning, on the basis of these results, to ask the FDA to consider the MARVEL Trial a pivotal trial
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(pivotal from Phase II to Phase III) and to reduce the number of patients in the trial to 150. The SEISMIC, MYOHEART and MARVEL Trials have been designed to test the safety and efficacy of MyoCell in treating patients with severe, chronic damage to the heart. Upon regulatory approval of MyoCell, we intend to generate revenue in the United States from the sale of MyoCell cell-culturing services for treatment of patients by qualified physicians. Abroad, we are identifying centers where it is already acceptable to use the Myocell treatment so that greater numbers of patients with this problem can have access to treatment.
We received approval from the FDA in July of 2009 to conduct a Phase I safety study on 15 patients of a combined therapy (Myocell with SDF-1), which we believe is the first approval of a study combining gene and cell therapies. We have commenced work on this study, called the REGEN trial, during the first quarter of 2010. Based on the results of the trial, we intend to either incorporate the combined treatment into the MARVEL trial, or continue with the MARVEL trial based on the use of Myocell alone.
In our pipeline, we have multiple product candidates for the treatment of heart damage, including Bioheart Acute Cell Therapy, an autologous, adipose cell treatment for acute heart damage designed to be used in connection with the TGI 1200™ tissue processing system. Tissue Genesis, Inc., the entity from which we have obtained the worldwide right to sell or lease the TGI 1200™ announced on November 13, 2008 that the TGI 1200™ had been certified with a CE mark, thus making the system available throughout the European marketplace. We understand that Tissue Genesis is in the process of evaluating the regulatory pathway that should be pursued in the United States for the TGI 1200™ device. We have sold the TGI 1200 system into Venezuela, where a number of patients have been treated for chronic heart ischemia using the device. We have also sold the device into the Czech Republic, where it has been used to treat lower limb ischemia. It is too early to conclude with any degree of certainty that regeneration of tissue has occurred in the treated patients. However, there have been no adverse events among those treated.
Intelligent Devices - Distribution Agreements
Effective as of April 3, 2008, we entered into a distribution agreement with RTX Healthcare A/S (Denmark) (RTX) pursuant to which we secured worldwide, non-exclusive distribution rights to the Bioheart 3370 Heart Failure Monitor, an interactive and simple-to-use at-home intelligent device designed specifically to improve available healthcare to patients outside hospitals who are suffering from heart failure. The device, manufactured by RTX, has 510(k) market clearance from the FDA for marketing in the United States and CE mark for marketing in Europe and other countries that accept the CE mark. The compact Bioheart 3370 Heart Failure Monitor engages patients through personalized daily interactions and questions, while collecting vital signs and transmitting the information directly into a database. The data are regularly monitored by a remotely located medical professional, who watches for any abnormal readings that may signal a change in the patient's health status. These changes are reported back to the treating physician. We do not have any minimum purchase commitment under the agreement. However, the per unit purchase price payable by us is inversely related to the number of units we purchase per annum. The distribution agreement has an initial term of two years and is subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates an intent to terminate the agreement prior to the end of the then current term. The distribution agreement may be terminated by either party upon the other partys default.
We have signed distribution agreements with Restoration Medical, McRay Medical, Alamo Scientific and Morey Medical. These distributors will assist Bioheart with introducing its Home Heart Failure Monitoring Systems to physicians and hospitals throughout the United States. McRay Medical will distribute the systems in Northern California; Alamo Scientific will distribute in Texas, Louisiana and Arkansas; Morey Medical will distribute in Oklahoma and parts of Kansas; Restoration Medical will distribute the monitoring systems in the rest of the country.
Effective as of October 22, 2009, the Company entered into a distribution agreement with Morey Medical Inc. pursuant to which Morey was granted exclusive rights to market and promote the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor throughout a specific territory. In consideration for identifying purchasers who purchase or rent the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor from the Company, the Company will pay to Morey a set fee. Morey is required to meet certain quarterly minimum purchase commitments under the agreement. The agreement has an initial term of one year and is subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates intent to terminate the agreement no less than 60 days prior to the end of the then current term.
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Effective as of October 22, 2009, the Company entered into a distribution agreement with Alamo Scientific, Inc. pursuant to which Alamo was granted exclusive rights to market and promote the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor throughout a specific territory. In consideration for identifying purchasers who purchase or rent the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor from the Company the Company will pay to Alamo a set fee. Alamo is required to meet certain quarterly minimum purchase commitments under the agreement. The agreement has an initial term of one year and is subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates intent to terminate the agreement no less than 60 days prior to the end of the then current term.
Effective as of December 10, 2009, the Company entered into a distribution agreement with McRay Medical, LLC, pursuant to which McRay was granted exclusive rights to market and promote the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor throughout a specific territory. In consideration for identifying purchasers who purchase or rent the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor from the Company the Company will pay to McRay a set fee. McRay is required to meet certain quarterly minimum purchase commitments under the agreement. The agreement has an initial term of one year and is subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates intent to terminate the agreement no less than 60 days prior to the end of the then current term.
Effective as of December 18, 2009, the Company entered into a distribution agreement with Restoration Medical pursuant to which Restoration was granted exclusive rights to market the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitoring System throughout those territories not covered by Morey Medical and Alamo Scientific. In consideration for identifying purchasers who purchase or lease the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitoring System from the Company, the Company will pay to Restoration a set fee. Restoration is required to meet certain quarterly minimum purchase commitments under the agreement. The agreement has an initial term of one year and is subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates intent to terminate the agreement no less than 60 days prior to the end of the then current term.
Bioheart elected to have a distributor network rather than hiring a sales force for its heart monitoring system. The company believes that distributors are capable of discerning the precise needs of their customers and which of their customers would best use an innovative product. Furthermore, they are constantly in touch with their customer base and are well able to convey the desire for product enhancements to Bioheart. Bioheart and its staff have a history of responding to customer needs with product improvements that have been cutting edge and have addressed those needs.
The heart failure monitors are reimbursed by Medicare to the home health companies. In 2009, reimbursement was added to the National Episode Rate for cardiac patients. The monitors in conjunction with the nurses visit are essential to the well being of chronic heart failure patients. Care Plan Oversight (CPO) reimbursement also allows physicians to bill Medicare for their time overseeing the care of home care or hospice patients.
MyoCell
MyoCell is a clinical therapy intended to improve cardiac function for those with congestive heart failure and is designed to be utilized months or even years after a patient has suffered severe heart damage due to a heart attack or other cause. We believe that MyoCell has the potential to become a leading treatment for severe, chronic damage to the heart due to its perceived ability to satisfy, at least in part, what we believe to be an unmet demand for more effective and/or more affordable therapies for chronic heart damage. MyoCell uses myoblasts, cells that are precursors to muscle cells, from the patient's own body. The myoblasts are removed from a patient's thigh muscle, isolated, grown through our proprietary cell culturing process, and injected directly in the scar tissue of a patient's heart. A qualified physician performs this minimally invasive procedure using an endoventricular catheter. We entered into an agreement with a Johnson & Johnson company to use its NOGA® Cardiac Navigation System along with its MyoStar™ injection catheter for the delivery of MyoCell in the MARVEL Trial.
When injected into scar tissue within the heart wall, myoblasts have been shown to be capable of engrafting in the damaged tissue and differentiating into mature skeletal muscle cells. In a number of clinical and animal studies, the engrafted skeletal muscle cells have been shown to express various proteins that are important components of contractile function. By using myoblasts obtained from a patient's own body, we believe MyoCell is able to avoid certain challenges currently faced by other types of cell-based clinical therapies including tissue rejection and instances of the cells
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differentiating into cells other than muscle. Although a number of therapies have proven to improve the cardiac function of a damaged heart, no currently available treatment has demonstrated an ability to generate new muscle tissue within the scarred regions of a heart.
We believe the market for treating patients in NYHA Class II or NYHA Class III heart failure is significant. According to the AHA Statistics and the European Society of Cardiology Task Force for the Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, in the United States and Europe there are approximately 5.2 million and 9.6 million, respectively, patients with heart failure. The AHA Statistics further indicate that, after heart failure is diagnosed, the one-year mortality rate is high, with one in five dying and that 80% of men and 70% of women under age 65 who have heart failure will die within eight years. We believe that approximately 60% of heart failure patients are in either NYHA Class II or NYHA Class III heart failure based upon a 1999 study entitled Congestive Heart Failure Due to Diastolic or Systolic Dysfunction Frequency and Patient Characteristics in an Ambulatory Setting by Diller, PM, et. al.
Business Strategy
Our principal objective is to become a leading regenerative medicine company that discovers, develops and commercializes novel, autologous cell therapies, and related devices, for the treatment and improved care of patients suffering from chronic and acute heart damage as well as lower limb ischemia. The number of heart failure patients is expected to increase from 25 million worldwide today to over 50 million in five years. Our focus is on serving these patients. To achieve this objective, we plan to pursue the following key strategies:
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Obtain initial regulatory approval of MyoCell and/or MyoCell SDF-1 by targeting patients with severe heart damage. In July 2007, we treated the final patient in the Phase II SEISMIC Trial, which was comprised of 40 patients, including 26 treated patients. The SEISMIC study results demonstrated that 94% of MyoCell treated patients improved or did not worsen in heart failure class while only 6% worsened, while in the control group receiving only drugs 42% worsened. 84% of MyoCell treated patients improved or did not worsen in exercise capacity and only 16% worsened, while 69% of the control patients worsened. The average improvement in 6 minute walk was 62 meters. This compares very favorably with the current gold standard in advanced heart failure treatment, Bi-Ventricular pacing, where they achieved 16 to 20 meters improvement over control patients in the Phase II MIRACLE trial that led to commercial approval of this product. By targeting a class of patients for whom existing therapies are very expensive, unavailable or not sufficiently effective, we hope to expedite regulatory approval of MyoCell and/or MyoCell SDF-1. Obtain regulatory approval of MyoCell and/or MyoCell SDF-1 to treat patients with less severe heart damage. If we obtain initial regulatory approval of MyoCell for the Class III Subgroup, we intend to continue to sponsor clinical trials in an effort to demonstrate that MyoCell and/or MyoCell SDF-1 should receive regulatory approval to treat all patients in NYHA Class II, NYHA Class III and NYHA Class IV heart failure and, provided we believe we have a reasonable basis to support such an indication, we intend to seek regulatory approval for these patients.
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Continue market release of the Bioheart 3370 heart failure monitoring products and services utilizing our proprietary software program. These products are fully approved for commercial sale both in the United States and Europe. The Centers for Medicaid & Medicare Services, or CMS, has approved reimbursement for home monitoring with this product. The Bioheart 3370 monitor can receive up to 17 Bluetooth® signals at the same time from compatible monitoring devices. We are building a catalog of approved and reimbursable compatible monitoring products to complement the Bioheart 3370 and to build our sales revenue further. We have set up through collaboration with a third party a 24-hour call center which is staffed by a qualified heart failure nurse at all times to monitor all information coming in from the patients. Our software is unique in that it converts the words from the electronic heart failure questionnaire to numbers for better trending analysis. Our data management software has a green light, yellow caution light, red warning light system which allows physicians and nurses to monitor all their patients conveniently. We can send this information to a doctors BlackBerry® or iPhone® to allow for remote monitoring. Our leading competitor only offers the option of a black and white fax transmission to one location once a day. The heart failure monitors are reimbursed by Medicare to the home health companies. In 2009, reimbursement was added to the National Episode Rate for cardiac patients. The monitors, in conjunction with the nurses visit are essential to the well being of chronic heart failure patients. Care Plan Oversight (CPO) reimbursement also allows physicians to bill Medicare for their time overseeing the care of home care or hospice patients.
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Continue market release of Bioheart TGI 1200 bedside apparatus for preparing stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells from adipose tissue which has received CE Mark commercial approval with our corporate partner, Tissue Genesis, Inc. We have initiated studies for the applications of lower limb ischemia, acute myocardial infarction and chronic heart ischemia.
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Continue to develop our pipeline of cell-based therapies and related devices for the treatment of chronic and acute heart damage. In parallel with our efforts to secure regulatory approval of MyoCell, we intend to continue to develop and test other product candidates for the treatment of chronic and acute heart damage. These efforts are expected to initially focus on our Bioheart Acute Cell Therapy, TGI 1200, MyoCell SDF-1, MyoCath and MyoCath II product candidates.
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Develop our sales and marketing capabilities. In advance of U.S. regulatory approval of our MyoCell product candidate, we intend to internally build a sales force to cover the U.S. market and to utilize dealers in foreign markets which we anticipate will market MyoCell, MyoCell SDF-1 and our heart failure focused products primarily to interventional cardiologists and heart failure specialists.
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Continue to refine our MyoCell and MyoCell SDF-1 cell culturing processes.
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Expand and enhance our intellectual property rights. We intend to continue to expand and enhance our intellectual property rights.
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License, acquire and/or develop complementary products and technologies. We intend to strengthen and expand our product development efforts through the license, acquisition and/or development of products and technologies that support our business strategy. We are actively working on acquiring or developing with a partner and implantable heart failure sensor that is compatible with our Bioheart 3370 heart failure monitoring system and a heart pump on a catheter. We are working to distribute the AnC BIO TPLS True Pulsatile Life Support system, developed by our Korean partners, that has CE Mark commercial approval.
Industry Background
Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)
Myocardial infarction, or MI, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when a blockage in a coronary artery severely restricts or completely stops blood flow to a portion of the heart. When blood supply is greatly reduced or blocked for more than a short period of time, heart muscle cells die. If the healthy heart muscle cells do not replace the dead cells within approximately two months, the injured area of the heart becomes unable to function properly. In the healing phase after a heart attack, white blood cells migrate into the affected area and remove the dead heart muscle cells. Then, fibroblasts, the connective tissue cells of the human body, proliferate and form a collagen scar in the affected region of the heart. Following a heart attack, the heart's ability to maintain normal function will depend on the location and amount of damaged tissue. The remaining initially undamaged heart muscle tissue must perform more work to adequately maintain cardiac output. Because the uninjured region is then compelled to work harder than normal, the heart can progressively deteriorate until it is unable to pump adequate blood to oxygenate the body properly leading to heart failure and ultimately death.
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Congestive heart failure, or CHF, is a debilitating condition that occurs as the heart becomes progressively less able to pump an adequate supply of blood throughout the body resulting in fluid accumulation in the lungs, kidneys and other body tissues. Persons suffering from NYHA Class II or worse heart failure experience high rates of mortality, frequent hospitalization and poor quality of life. CHF has many causes, generally beginning in patients with a life-long history of high blood pressure or after a patient has suffered a major heart attack or some other heart-damaging event. CHF itself may lead to other complicating factors such as pulmonary hypertension, edema, pulmonary edema, liver dysfunction and kidney failure. Although medical therapy for CHF is improving, it remains a major debilitating condition.
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Classifying Heart Failure
The NYHA heart failure classification system provides a simple and widely recognized way of classifying the extent of heart failure. It places patients in one of four categories based on how limited they are during physical activity. NYHA Class I heart failure patients have no limitation of activities and suffer no symptoms from ordinary activities. NYHA Class II heart failure patients have a mild limitation of activity and are generally comfortable at rest or with mild exertion. NYHA Class III heart failure patients suffer from a marked limitation of activity and are generally comfortable only at rest. NYHA Class IV heart failure patients generally suffer discomfort and symptoms at rest and should remain confined to a bed or chair.
The risk of hospitalization and death increases as patients progress through the various stages of heart failure. The risk of hospitalization due to heart failure for patients in NYHA Class II, NYHA Class III and NYHA Class IV is approximately 1.2, 2.3 and 3.7 times greater than for patients in NYHA Class I heart failure according to a 2006 American Heart Journal article entitled Higher New York Heart Association Classes and Increased Mortality and Hospitalization in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved Left Ventricular Function' by Ahmed, A et al. Similarly, according to this same article, the risk of death from all causes for patients in NYHA Class II, NYHA Class III and NYHA Class IV is approximately 1.5, 2.6 and 8.5 times greater than for patients in NYHA Class I heart failure.
The following chart illustrates the various stages of heart failure, their NYHA classifications and the associated current standard of treatment.
NYHA Class |
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NYHA Functional Classification(1) |
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Specific Activity Scale(2)(3) |
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Current Standard of Treatment(4) |
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I |
| Symptoms only with above normal physical activity |
| Can perform more than 7 metabolic equivalents |
| ACE Inhibitor, Beta-Blocker |
II |
| Symptoms with normal physical activity |
| Can perform more than 5 metabolic equivalents |
| ACE Inhibitor, Beta-Blocker, Diuretics |
III |
| Symptoms with minimal physical activity |
| Can perform more than 2 metabolic equivalents |
| ACE Inhibitor, Beta-Blocker, Diuretics, Digoxin, Bi-ventricular pacers |
IV |
| Symptoms at rest |
| Cannot perform more than 2 metabolic equivalents |
| ACE Inhibitor, Beta-Blocker, Diuretics, Digoxin, Hemodynamic Support, Mechanical Assist Devices, Bi-ventricular pacers, Transplant |
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(1)
Symptoms include fatigue, palpitations, shortness of breath and chest pain; normal activity is equivalent to walking one flight of stairs or several blocks.
(2)
Based upon the Goldman Activity Classification of Heart Failure, which classifies severity of heart failure based on estimated metabolic cost of various activities; the four classes of the Goldman Activity Classification system correlate to the NYHA Classes.
(3)
7 metabolic equivalents = shovel snow, carry 24 lbs. up 8 stairs, recreational sports; 5 metabolic equivalents = garden, rake, dance, walk 4 mph on level ground, have intercourse; 2 metabolic equivalents = shower without stopping, strip and make bed, dress without stopping.
(4)
Source: American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult.
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Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure
Heart disease has been the leading cause of death from 1950 on within the United States, according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. In addition, heart failure is the single most frequent reason for hospitalization in the elderly according to a 2007 study entitled Long-Term Costs and Resource Use in Elderly Participants with Congestive Heart Failure by Liao, L., et al. The American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult, or the ACC/ AHA Guidelines, provides recommendations for the treatment of chronic heart failure in adults with normal or low LVEF. The treatment escalates and becomes more invasive as the heart failure worsens. Current treatment options for severe, chronic heart damage include, but are not limited to, heart transplantation and other surgical procedures, bi-ventricular pacers, drug therapies, ICDs, and ventricular assist devices. Therapies utilizing drugs, ICDs and bi-ventricular pacers are currently by far the most commonly prescribed treatments for patients suffering from NYHA Class II or NYHA Class III heart failure. Since the therapies generally each address a particular feature of heart disease or a specific subgroup of heart failure patients, the therapies are often complementary and used in combination.
Drug Therapies. The ACC/AHA Guidelines recommend that most patients with heart failure should be routinely managed with a combination of ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers and diuretics. The value of these drugs has been established by the results of numerous large-scale clinical trials and the evidence supporting a central role for their use is, according to the ACC/AHA Guidelines, compelling and persuasive. ACE inhibitors and beta blockers have been shown to improve a patients clinical status and overall sense of well being and reduce the risk of death and hospitalization. Side effects of ACE inhibitors include hypotension, worsening kidney function, potassium retention, cough and angioedema. Side effects of beta-blockers include fluid retention, fatigue, bradycardia and heart block and hypotension.
Bi-Ventricular Pacers The ACC/AHA Guidelines recommend bi-ventricular pacers for persons who, in addition to suffering from heart failure, have left and right ventricles that do not contract in sync, known as ventricular dyssynchrony and who have a LVEF less than or equal to 35%, sinus rhythm and NYHA Class III or NYHA Class IV symptoms despite recommended optimal medical therapy. Bi-ventricular pacers are surgically implanted electrical generators that function primarily by stimulating the un-damaged portion of the heart to beat more strongly using controlled bursts of electrical currents in synchrony. Compared with optimal medical therapy alone, bi-ventricular pacers have been shown in a number of clinical trials to significantly decrease the risk of all-cause hospitalization and all-cause mortality as well as to improve LVEF, NYHA Class and Quality of Life. According to the ACC/AHA Guidelines, there are certain risks associated with the bi-ventricular pacer including risks associated with implantation and device-related problems.
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators. ACC/AHA Guidelines recommend ICDs primarily for patients who have experienced a life-threatening clinical event associated with a sustained irregular heartbeat and in patients who have had a prior heart attack and a reduced LVEF. ICDs are surgically implanted devices that continually monitor patients at high risk of sudden heart attack. When an irregular rhythm is detected, the device sends an electric shock to the heart to restore normal rhythm. In 2001, ICDs were implanted in approximately 62,000 and 18,000 patients in the United States and Europe, respectively. Although ICDs have not demonstrated an ability to improve cardiac function, according to the ACC/AHA Guidelines, ICDs are highly effective in preventing sudden death due to irregular heartbeats. However, according to the ACC/AHA Guidelines, frequent shocks from an ICD can lead to a reduced quality of life, whether triggered appropriately or inappropriately. In addition, according to the ACC/AHA Guidelines, ICDs have the potential to aggravate heart failure and have been associated with an increase in heart failure hospitalizations.
Heart Transplantation and Other Surgical Procedures. According to the ACC/AHA Guidelines, heart transplantation is currently the only established surgical approach for the treatment of severe heart failure that is not responsive to other therapies. Heart transplantation is a major surgical procedure in which the diseased heart is removed from a patient and replaced with a healthy donor heart. Heart transplantation has proven to dramatically improve cardiac function in a majority of the patients treated and most heart transplant recipients return to work, travel and normal activities within three to six months after the surgery. In addition, the risk of hospitalization and mortality for transplant recipients is dramatically lower than the risk faced by patients in NYHA Class III or NYHA Class IV heart failure. Heart transplants are not, for a variety of reasons, readily available to all patients with severe heart damage. The availability of heart transplants is limited by, among other things, cost and donor availability. In addition to the significant cost involved and the chronic shortage of donor hearts, one of the serious challenges in heart transplantation is potential rejection of the
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donor heart. For many heart transplant recipients, chronic rejection significantly shortens the length of time the donated heart can function effectively and such recipients are generally administered costly anti-rejection drug regimens which can have adverse and potentially severe side effects.
There are a number of alternate surgical approaches under development for the treatment of severe heart failure, including cardiomyoplasty, a surgical procedure where the patients own body muscle is wrapped around the heart to provide support for the failing heart, the Batista procedure, a surgical procedure that reduces the size of an enlarged heart muscle so that the heart can pump more efficiently and vigorously, and the Dor procedure. According to the ACC/AHA Guidelines, both cardiomyoplasty and the Batista procedure have failed to result in clinical improvement and are associated with a high risk of death. The Dor procedure involves surgically removing scarred, dead tissue from the heart following a heart attack and returning the left ventricle to a more normal shape. While the early published single-center experience with the Dor procedure demonstrated early and late improvement in NYHA Class and LVEF, according to the ACC/AHA Guidelines, this procedures role in the management of heart failure remains to be defined.
Ventricular Assist Devices.
Ventricular assist devices are mechanical heart pumps that replace or assist the pumping role of the left ventricle of a damaged heart too weak to pump blood through the body. Ventricular assist devices are primarily used as a bridge for patients on the waiting list for a heart transplant and have been shown in published studies to be effective at halting further deterioration of the patients condition and decreasing the likelihood of death before transplantation. In addition, ventricular assist devices are a destination therapy for patients who are in NYHA Class IV heart failure despite optimal medical therapy and who are not eligible for heart transplant. According to the ACC/AHA Guidelines, device related adverse events are reported to be numerous and include bleeding, infection, blood clots and device failure. In addition, ventricular assist devices are very expensive, with the average first-year cost estimated at $222,460.
We believe the heart failure treatment industry generally has a history of adopting therapies that have proven to be safe and effective complements to existing therapies and using them in combination with existing therapies. It is our understanding that there is no one or two measurement criteria, either quantitative or qualitative, that define when a therapy for treating heart failure will be deemed safe and effective by the FDA. We believe that the safety and efficacy of certain existing FDA approved therapies for heart damage were demonstrated based upon a variety of endpoints, including certain endpoints (such as LVEF) that individually did not demonstrate large numerical differences between the treated patients and untreated patients. For instance, the use of bi-ventricular pacers with optimal drug therapy has proven to significantly decrease the risk of all-cause hospitalization and all-cause-mortality as well as to improve LVEF, NYHA Class and quality of life as compared to the use of optimal drug therapy alone. In the Multicenter InSync Randomized Clinical Evaluation (MIRACLE) trial, one of the first large studies to measure the therapeutic benefits of bi-ventricular pacing, 69% of the patients in the treatment group experienced an improvement in NYHA Class by one or more classes at six-month follow-up versus a 34% improvement in the control group. However, patients in the treatment group experienced on average only a 2.1% improvement in LVEF as compared with a 1.7% improvement for patients in the control group. Although a number of the therapies described above have proven to improve the cardiac function of a damaged heart, no currently available heart failure treatment has demonstrated an ability to generate new muscle tissue within the scarred regions of a heart.
Our Proposed Solution
We believe MyoCell has the potential to become a leading treatment for severe chronic damage to the heart due to its perceived ability to satisfy, at least in part, what we believe to be a presently unmet demand for more effective and/or more affordable therapies for chronic heart damage.
MyoCell
The human heart does not have cells that naturally repair or replace damaged heart muscle. Accordingly, the human body cannot, without medical assistance, repopulate regions of scar tissue within the heart with functioning muscle. MyoCell is a clinical therapy designed to improve cardiac function by populating regions of scar tissue within a patients heart with myoblasts derived from a biopsy of a patients thigh muscle. Myoblasts are precursors to muscle cells that have the capacity to fuse with other myoblasts or with damaged muscle fibers to regenerate skeletal muscle. When injected into scar tissue within the heart wall, myoblasts have been shown to be capable of engrafting in the damaged
9
tissue and differentiating into mature skeletal muscle cells. In a number of clinical and animal studies, the engrafted skeletal muscle cells have been shown to express various proteins that are important components of contractile function. By using myoblasts obtained from a patients own body, we believe MyoCell is able to avoid certain challenges currently faced by other cell-based clinical therapies intended to be used for the treatment of chronic heart damage including tissue rejection and instances of the cells differentiating into cells other than muscle.
Our clinical research to date suggests that MyoCell may improve the contractile function of the heart. However, we have not yet been able to demonstrate a mechanism of action. The engrafted skeletal muscle tissues are not believed to be coupled with the surrounding heart muscle by the same chemicals that allow heart muscle cells to contract simultaneously. The theories regarding why contractile function may improve include:
·
the engrafted muscle tissue can contract in unison with the other muscles in the heart by stretching or by the channeling of electric currents;
·
the myoblasts acquire certain characteristics of heart muscle or fuse with them; and/or
·
the injected myoblasts release various proteins that indirectly result in a limit on further scar tissue formation.
As part of the MyoCell therapy, a general surgeon removes approximately five to ten grams of thigh muscle tissue from the patient utilizing local anesthesia, typically on an outpatient basis. The muscle tissue is then express-shipped to a cell culturing site. At the cell culturing site, our proprietary techniques are used to isolate and remove myoblasts from the muscle tissue. We typically produce enough cells to treat a patient within approximately 21 days of his or her biopsy. Such production time is expected to continue to decrease as we continue to refine our cell culturing processes. After the cells are subjected to a variety of tests, the cultured cells are packaged in injectate media and express shipped to the interventional cardiologist. Within four days of packaging, the cultured myoblasts are injected via catheter directly into the scar tissue of the patients heart. The injection process takes on average about one hour and can be performed with or without general anesthesia. Following treatment, patients generally remain in the hospital for approximately 48-72 hours for monitoring.
The MyoCell injection process is a minimally invasive procedure which presents less risk and considerably less trauma to a patient than conventional (open) heart surgery. Patients are able to walk immediately following the injection process and require significantly less time in the hospital compared with surgically treated patients. In the 69 patients who have received MyoCell injections delivered via percutaneous catheter, only two minor procedure-related events (2.9%) have been reported. In both cases, however, no complications resulted from the event, with the patients in each case remaining asymptomatic at all times during and after the procedure.
We use a number of proprietary processes to create therapeutic quantities of myoblasts from a patients thigh muscle biopsy. We have developed and/or licensed what we believe are proprietary or patented techniques to:
·
transport muscle tissue and cultured cells;
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disassociate muscle tissue with manual and chemical processes;
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separate myoblasts from other muscle cells;
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culture and grow myoblasts;
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identify a cell population with the propensity to engraft, proliferate and adapt to the cardiac environment, including areas of scar tissue; and
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maintain and test the cell quality and purity.
We have also developed and/or licensed a number of proprietary and/or patented processes related to the injection of myoblasts into damaged heart muscle, including the following:
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package the cultured cells in a manner that facilitates shipping and use by the physician administering MyoCell;
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methods of using MyoCath;
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·
the use of an injectate media that assists in the engraftment of myoblasts;
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cell injection techniques utilizing contrast media to assist in the cell injection process; and
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cell injection protocols related to the number and location of injections.
Assuming we secure regulatory approval of MyoCell for the treatment of all NYHA Class II and NYHA Class III patients, we believe MyoCell will provide a treatment alternative for the millions of NYHA Class II and NYHA Class III patients in the United States and Europe who either do not qualify for or do not have access to heart transplant therapy. Furthermore, we anticipate that the time incurred and cost of identifying patients qualified to receive MyoCell as well as the cost of MyoCell, including any ICD, drug and bi-ventricular pacer therapies that are simultaneously prescribed, if any, will be less expensive than the current cost of heart transplant therapy. Moreover, MyoCell is less invasive than a heart transplant and is not subject to the tissue rejection and immune system suppression issues associated with heart transplants.
We believe there is still a large population of patients exhibiting symptoms consistent with NYHA Class II and NYHA Class III heart failure that is seeking an effective or more effective therapy for chronic heart damage than ICDs, bi-ventricular pacers and drug therapies. We hope to demonstrate that MyoCell is complementary to various therapies using ICDs, bi-ventricular pacers and drugs. In the MYOHEART and SEISMIC Trials, enrolled patients are required to have an ICD and to be on optimal drug therapy to be included in the study. While we do not require patients to have previously received a bi-ventricular pacer to participate in our clinical trials, we plan to accept patients in our MARVEL Trial who have had prior placement of a bi-ventricular pacer. We are hopeful that the results of our future clinical trials will demonstrate that MyoCell is complementary to existing therapies for treating heart damage.
Metrics Used to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of Heart Failure Treatments
The performance of therapies used to treat damage to the heart is assessed using a number of metrics, which compare data collected at the time of initial treatment to data collected when a patient is re-assessed at follow-up. The time periods for follow-up are usually three, six and twelve months. Statistical data is often accompanied by a p-value, which is the mathematical probability that the data are the result of random chance. A result is considered statistically significant if the p-value is less than or equal to 5%. The common metrics used to evaluate the efficacy of these therapies include:
Metric |
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Description |
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NYHA Class |
| The NYHA heart failure classification system is a functional and therapeutic classification system based on how much cardiac patients are limited during physical activity. |
Six-Minute Walk Distance |
| Six-Minute Walk Distance is an objective evaluation of functional exercise capacity which measures the distance a patient can walk in six minutes. The distance walked during this test has been shown to correlate with the severity of heart failure. |
LVEF |
| LVEF is a measure of the hearts efficiency and can be used to estimate the function of the left ventricle, which pumps blood to the rest of the body. The LVEF is the amount of blood pumped divided by the amount of blood the ventricle contains. A normal LVEF is more than 55% of the blood volume. Damage to the heart impairs the hearts ability to efficiently pump and therefore reduces LVEF. |
Quality of Life |
| Quality of Life is evaluated by patient questionnaire, which measures subjective aspects of health status in heart failure patients. |
Number of Hospital |
| The Number of Hospital Admissions and Mean Length of Stay measure the aggregate number of times that a patient is admitted to the hospital during a defined period and the number of days a patient remains in the hospital during each such admission. |
Total Days Hospitalized |
| The Total Days Hospitalized measures the aggregate number of days a patient is admitted to the hospital during a defined period. |
End-Systolic Volume |
| End-Systolic Volume is a measurement of the adequacy of cardiac emptying, related to the function of the heart during contraction. |
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End-Diastolic Volume |
| End-Diastolic Volume is the amount of blood in the ventricle immediately before a cardiac contraction begins and is used as a measurement of the function of the heart at rest. |
LV Volume |
| Left Ventricular Volume, or LV Volume, is measured in terms of left ventricular End-Diastolic Volume and left ventricular End-Systolic Volume. Both measure the reduction in volume of blood in the left ventricle of the heart following expansion and contraction, respectively. Reduction in volume generally is reflective of positive ventricular remodeling and improvement in the hearts ability to circulate oxygenated blood through the arteries. |
Wall Motion |
| Wall Motion is a test designed to show whether the heart is receiving adequate quantities of oxygen-rich blood. Wall motion is generally measured by a stress echocardiography test. |
Cardiac Output |
| Cardiac Output is a measure of the amount of blood that is pumped by the heart per unit time, measured in liters per minute. |
BNP Level |
| B-Type Natriuretic Peptide, or BNP, is a substance secreted from the ventricles or lower chambers of the heart in response to changes in pressure that occur when heart failure develops and worsens. The level of BNP in the blood increases when heart failure symptoms worsen and decreases when the heart failure condition is stable. |
MARVEL Phase II/III Clinical Trial in the United States
The MARVEL Trial is designed to be a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MyoCell. In August 2007, we received clearance from the FDA to proceed with the trial. We completed the MyoCell implantation procedure on the first patient in the MARVEL Trial on October 24, 2007. Thus far, 20 patients, including 6 control patients, have been treated. Initial results for the 20 patients were released at the Heart Failure Society of American meeting in September, 2009, showing a dramatic (35%) improvement in the 6 minute walk for those patients who were treated, and no improvement for those who received a placebo. We are planning, on the basis of these results, to ask the FDA to consider the MARVEL Trial a pivotal trial (pivotal from Phase II to Phase III) and to reduce the number of patients in the trial to 150. The SEISMIC, MYOHEART and MARVEL Trials have been designed to test the safety and efficacy of MyoCell in treating patients with severe, chronic damage to the heart. Upon regulatory approval of MyoCell, we intend to generate revenue in the United States from the sale of MyoCell cell-culturing services for treatment of patients by qualified physicians. Abroad, we are identifying centers where it is already acceptable to use the Myocell treatment so that greater numbers of patients with this problem can have access to treatment.
We are currently in the process of evaluating our development timeline for MyoCell and the MARVEL Trial. We received approval from the FDA in July of 2009 to conduct a Phase I safety study on 15 patients of a combined therapy (Myocell with SDF-1), the first approval of a study combining gene and cell therapies. We commenced work on this study, called the REGEN trial, during the first quarter of 2010. Based on the results of the trial, we intend to either incorporate the combined treatment into the MARVEL trial, or continue with the MARVEL trial based on the use of Myocell alone.
All of the patients selected for enrollment in the MARVEL Trial have (i) symptoms associated with NYHA Class II or NYHA Class III heart failure, (ii) suffered a previous heart attack at least 90 days prior to the date of treatment, (iii) a LVEF of less than or equal to 35%, (iv) been on optimal drug therapy for at least two months prior to enrollment and (v) had prior placement of an ICD at least 60 days prior to enrollment. Patients were required to use Amiodarone, an anti-arrhythmic drug therapy, at least 24 hours prior to MyoCell implantation. This prophylactic treatment successfully ameliorated the problem with arrhythmias in patients treated with Myocell and the placebo, which, although never lead to any deterioration in the patients, was considered a serious adverse event.
The patients were divided
into three groups. Patients in the first group underwent treatment consisting of 16
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injections of an aggregate dosage of approximately 800 million myoblast cells. Patients in the second group underwent treatment consisting of 16 injections of an aggregate dosage of approximately 400 million myoblast cells. Patients in the third group received 16 placebo injections.
The MARVEL Trial will measure the following safety and efficacy endpoints of the MyoCell treatment:
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Primary Safety |
| Primary Efficacy |
| Secondary Efficacy |
| Tertiary Efficacy |
Endpoint |
| Endpoints |
| Endpoints |
| Endpoints |
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|
| ||||||
Number of serious adverse events in treatment group as compared to control group |
| Change in Six-Minute Walk Distance from baseline to six months as compared to control group, or |
| Total Days Hospitalized in treatment group as compared to control group |
| Total cost and healthcare utilization within six months |
Pipeline
We are committed to delivering intelligent devices and biologics that help monitor, diagnose and treat heart failure and cardiovascular diseases. In addition to MyoCell, we have multiple cell therapies and related devices for the treatment of chronic and acute heart damage in various stages of development. We have also acquired the rights to use certain devices for the treatment of heart damage. We intend to allocate our capital, material and personnel resources among MyoCell and the product candidates described below, a number of which may have complementary therapeutic applications. For each product candidate, we have developed or are in the process of developing a regulatory approval plan. Assuming such proposed plans are able to be followed, we do not anticipate that the regulatory approval of MyoCell will be necessary for our further development of our other product candidates.
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Candidate |
| Proposed Use or Indication |
| Status/Phase |
| Comments |
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Bioheart 3370 Heart Failure Monitor |
| At home monitoring for monitoring for heart failure patients |
| 510(k) and CE mark approved. Fully coded for US reimbursement |
| Currently distributing to heart failure patients in US |
TGI 1200 Adipose Tissue Processing System |
| Fully automated device for the rapid processing of patient derived fat tissue for use in Acute MI, Lower Limb Ischemia and Chronic Ischemia |
| CE mark approved |
| Commercialization and distribution commenced in the 2009; |
MyoCell SDF-1 |
| Autologous cell therapy treatment for severe chronic damage to the heart; cells modified to express angiogenic factors |
| IND application filed in May 2007. Additional animal studies complete. Phase I trial approved by FDA in July of 2009. |
| Trial to begin on April 1, 2010. |
MyoCath |
| Disposable endoventricular catheter used for the delivery of biologic solutions to the myocardium |
| Used in European Phase II clinical trials of MyoCell; used in Phase I clinical trials of MyoCell; to be used in REGEN trial. |
| Anticipate seeking certification to apply the CE mark for commercial sale and distribution within the European Union. |
MyoCath II |
| Second generation disposable endoventricular catheter modified to provide multidirectional cell injection and used for the delivery of biologic solutions to the myocardium |
| Preclinical |
|
|
Bioheart 3370 Heart Failure Monitor
The compact Bioheart 3370 Heart Failure Monitor engages patients through personalized daily interactions and questions, while collecting vital signs and transmitting the information directly into a database. It is uniquely available through hook-up to regular telephone lines. The data are regularly monitored by a remotely located medical professional, who watches for any abnormal readings that may signal a change in the patients health status. These changes are reported back to the treating physician. The monitor collects data from a range of vital sign monitoring devices such as weight scales, blood pressure monitors and provides for secure data transmission to an HTTP server on the Internet. The monitor is designed with unique features that make the device state-of-the-art for system integrators working the area of home monitoring, e-health and remote disease management. Regular data input and monitoring enables the health care team to detect signs and symptoms of change as they occur.
TGI 1200 Adipose Tissue Processing System
The TGI 1200 is a patient-derived cell therapy for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, chronic heart ischemia, and lower limb ischemia utilizing Biohearts TGI 1200 adipose tissue processing system. Unlike MyoCell, which is intended to be used to treat severe heart damage months or even years after a heart attack, the TGI 1200 is being designed to be used for the treatment of heart muscle damage immediately following a heart attack. We hope to demonstrate that the injection of endothelial progenitor and stem cells derived from fat tissue by the TGI 1200 is a safe and effective means of limiting or reversing some of the effects of acute myocardial infarction and preventing or slowing a patients progression from initial heart attack to congestive heart failure. Similarly, we are working to introduce the system as a treatment for lower limb ischemia, not only to reduce pain but to regenerate tissue and prevent amputations. Fat tissue is an abundant and readily available source of endothelial progenitor and stem cells and is easily extractable from a patient using minimally invasive techniques. When approved in the U.S., we intend to market the TGI 1200 primarily to interventional cardiologists. We have now enlisted practitioners in Europe, South America, the Caribbean, Asia, and the Middle East and are in the process of expanding to even greater numbers of centers.
We have secured the exclusive, worldwide right to sell or lease to medical practitioners and related healthcare entities the following items for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction:
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·
the TGI 1200 and certain disposable products used in conjunction with the TGI 1200, or the TGI Licensed Products;
·
the processes that use the TGI Licensed Products, or the TGI Licensed Processes; and
·
the cells derived using the TGI Licensed Products and/or TGI Licensed Processes.
The TGI 1200 system is a compact, fully automated cell isolation device for the rapid processing of patient-derived fat tissue to separate, isolate and produce large yields of endothelial progenitor and stem cells. The fat tissue is extracted from the patient using a minor liposuction-like procedure and processed using the TGI 1200. We anticipate that the TGI 1200 will process cells within a one-hour time period.
We have developed a proposed pathway for seeking regulatory approval of the TGI 1200. Preclinical studies involving pigs testing the safety and efficacy of the TGI 1200 commenced in the first quarter of 2007 at Indiana University and were completed in the fourth quarter of 2007. A preclinical study involving the injection of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into the myocardium (heart muscle tissue) of infarcted immunosuppressed rats, was completed in August 2008 at the Jordan University of Science and Technology in Irbid, Jordan by medical and veterinary doctors from that institution and the University of Jordan in Amman, Jordan. The results from the study are indicative of cardiomyocyte regeneration and suggest that the injection of ADSCs after acute myocardial infarction may have the potential to help the infarcted heart return to normal function.
Tissue Genesis has received CE mark commercial approval for the TGI 1200 device. We have initiated studies in South America and in Europe and other countries that recognize CE mark approval for the applications of lower limb ischemia, and chronic heart ischemia. A study in humans for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction is being developed and should commence in 2010.
MyoCell SDF-1
Our MyoCell SDF-1 product candidate, which has recently completed preclinical testing, is intended to be an improvement to MyoCell. In February 2006, we signed a patent licensing agreement with the Cleveland Clinic of Cleveland, Ohio which gave us exclusive license rights to pending patent applications in connection with MyoCell SDF-1. Dr. Marc Penn, the Medical Director of the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit at the Cleveland Clinic and a staff cardiologist in the Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cell Biology, joined our Scientific Advisory Board. The license for SDF-1 was passed on to a Cleveland Clinic affiliate, Juventas, in July of 2009. Bioheart has a memorandum of understanding with Juventas pursuant to which the license with Bioheart will be reinstated upon completion of certain financial milestones.
We anticipate that MyoCell SDF-1 will be similar to MyoCell, except that the myoblast cells to be injected will be modified prior to injection by an adenovirus vector or non-viral vector so that they will release extra quantities of the SDF-1 protein, which expresses angiogenic factors. Following injury which results in inadequate blood flow to the heart, such as a heart attack, the human body naturally increases the level of SDF-1 protein in the heart. By modifying the myoblasts to express additional SDF-1 prior to injection, we are seeking to increase the SDF-1 protein levels present in the heart. We are seeking to demonstrate that the presence of additional quantities of SDF-1 protein released by the myoblasts will stimulate the recruitment of the patients existing stem cells to the cell transplanted area and, thereafter, the recruited stem cells will assist in the tissue repair and blood vessel formation process. Preclinical animal studies showed a definite improvement of cardiac function when the myoblasts were modified to express additional SDF-1 protein prior to injection as compared to when the myoblasts were injected without modification.
Our Phase I safety study, the REGEN Trial, was approved by the FDA in July of 2009 and work commenced on the trial during the first quarter of 2010.
MyoCath
MyoCath is a disposable endoventricular catheter used for the delivery of biologic solutions to a targeted treatment site within the myocardium, the inner wall of the heart. MyoCath provides for multiple injections to a pre-determined
15
needle insertion depth with a single core needle of 25 gauge diameter that can be advanced and retracted from the tip of the catheter. MyoCath is intended for use with commercially available Becton-Dickinson 1 milliliter and 3 milliliter syringes. Although we hope to prove that MyoCell can be administered with a variety of different catheters, such as MyoStar, MyoCath has been specifically designed to be used for the delivery of MyoCell and has been used as the delivery mechanism in the majority of our clinical trials to date.
It is our hope that MyoCath will prove to be more cost effective than, and as safe and effective as, other catheters at delivering MyoCell. Although MyoCath has been designed for use with MyoCell, we believe that there are a number of other clinical therapies to treat heart disease currently in development by other companies that could be delivered via MyoCath including gene, protein, cytokine and growth factor therapies. Three clinical trials have been initiated by biopharmaceutical companies and other institutions utilizing MyoCath to deliver growth factors in an effort to increase blood supply to a damaged heart.
Research
We supervise and perform experimental work in the areas of improving cell culturing, cell engraftment, and other advanced research projects related to our product candidates from our cell culturing facility in Sunrise, Florida. The primary focus of a substantial majority of our employees is advancing our clinical trials, preclinical studies, research and product development.
In addition, we work with a number of third parties within and outside the United States on various research and product development projects, including:
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preclinical small and large animal testing for product candidate enhancements and pipeline product candidate development; and
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contract research for clinical and preclinical testing of our pipeline product candidates.
Cell Culturing
We have an approximately 2,000 square foot cell culturing facility at our headquarters in Sunrise, Florida. We began culturing cells at this facility for preclinical uses in the third quarter of 2006. Upon commencement of the MARVEL Trial in the fourth quarter of 2007, we began culturing cells at this facility for clinical uses.
Over the last three years, we have significantly improved our ability to:
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culture in excess of 800 million myoblast cells per biopsy; and
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produce cell cultures with a high percentage of viable myoblast cells.
Accordingly, we were able to increase the maximum dosage of myoblast cells injected as part of the MyoCell therapy to approximately 800 million myoblast cells. We expect to further refine our MyoCell cell culturing processes.
We have historically met and, with respect to the cell culturing of our product candidates in Europe, expect to meet, our cell culturing needs internally.
Third Party Reimbursement
Government and private insurance programs, such as Medicare, Medicaid, health maintenance organizations and private insurers, fund the cost of a significant portion of medical care in the United States. As a result, government imposed limits on reimbursement of hospitals and other healthcare providers have significantly impacted their spending budgets and buying decisions. Under certain government insurance programs, a healthcare provider is reimbursed a fixed sum for services rendered in treating a patient, regardless of the actual cost of such treatment incurred by the healthcare provider. Private third party reimbursement plans are also developing increasingly sophisticated methods of controlling
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healthcare costs through redesign of benefits and exploration of more cost-effective methods of delivering healthcare. In general, we believe that these government and private measures have caused healthcare providers to be more selective in the purchase of medical products.
As of the date of this report, CMS has agreed to reimburse some of the costs at the centers that are participating in the MARVEL Trial. Specifically, CMS will reimburse costs deemed routine in nature for patients suffering from heart failure. Examples of these reimbursable costs include, but are not limited to, costs associated with physical examination of the patients, x-rays, holter monitoring, MUGA scan and echocardiography. However, at present, CMS reimbursement does not cover the cost of MyoCell implantation.
Reimbursement for healthcare costs outside the United States varies from country to country. In European countries, the pricing of prescription pharmaceutical products and services and the level of government reimbursement are subject to governmental control. In these countries, pricing negotiations with governmental authorities can take six to twelve months or longer after the receipt of marketing approval for a product. To obtain reimbursement or pricing approval in some countries, we may be required to conduct one or more clinical trials that compare the cost effectiveness of our product candidates to other available therapies. Conducting one or more clinical trials would be expensive and result in delays in commercialization of our product candidates.
The heart failure monitors are reimbursed by Medicare to the home health companies. In 2009, reimbursement was added to the National Episode Rate for cardiac patients. The monitors in conjunction with the nurses visit are essential to the well being of chronic heart failure patients. Care Plan Oversight (CPO) reimbursement also allows physicians to bill Medicare for their time overseeing the care of home care or hospice patients.
Research Grants
Historically, part of our research and development efforts have been indirectly funded by research grants to various centers and/or physicians that have participated in our MyoCell and MyoCath clinical trials. As part of our development strategy, we intend to continue to seek to develop research partnerships with centers and/or physicians.
Patents and Proprietary Rights
We own or hold licenses or sublicenses to an intellectual property portfolio consisting of approximately 19 patents and 19 patent applications in the United States, and approximately 12 patents and 57 patent applications in foreign countries, for use in the field of heart muscle regeneration. References in this report to our patents and patent applications and other similar references include the patents and patent applications that are owned by us, and references to patents and patent applications that are licensed to us and other similar references refer to patents, patent applications and other intellectual property that are licensed or sublicensed to us.
The following provides a description of patents and pending patent applications we license or own and is not intended as an assessment of the claims, limitations or scope of any of the patents or patent applications, or their ultimate applicability to any of our products.
Patent |
| Subject Matter |
| Potential Application(s) |
| Expiration Date Assuming |
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US5,972,013 (licensed) |
| Direct Pericardial Access Device with Deflecting Mechanism and Method |
| MyoCath; MyoCath II |
| Sep. 19, 2017 |
US6,241,710 (licensed) |
| Hypodermic Needle with Weeping Tip and Method of Use |
| MyoCath II |
| Dec. 20, 2019 |
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US6,547,769 (licensed) |
| Catheter Apparatus with Weeping Tip and Method of Use |
| MyoCath II |
| Dec. 20, 2019 |
US6,855,132 (licensed) |
| Apparatus with Weeping Tip and Method of Use |
| MyoCath II |
| Dec. 20, 2019 (with 101 day adjustment: Mar. 30, 2020) |
US6,949,087 (licensed) |
| Apparatus with Weeping Tip and Method of Use |
| MyoCath II |
| Dec. 20, 2019 |
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Patent Application |
| Subject Matter |
| Related Product(s) |
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WO 04/056186 |
| Cell-Based VEGF Delivery |
| MyoCell SDF-1 |
US2004/0037811 (licensed) |
| Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Mediates Stem Cell Homing and Tissue Regeneration in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy |
| MyoCell SDF-1 |
WO 04/017978 |
| Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Mediates Stem Cell |
| MyoCell SDF-1 |
US5,563,048 and US5,756,084 |
| Human SDF-1 and DNAs Encoding the same |
| MyoCell SDF-1 |
Patent life determination depends on the date of filing of the application or the date of patent issuance and other factors as promulgated under the patent laws. Under the U.S. Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984, as amended, a patent which claims a product, use or method of manufacture covering drugs and certain other products, including biologic products, may be extended for up to five years to compensate the patent holder for a portion of the time required for research and FDA review of the product. Only one patent applicable to an approved drug or biologic product is eligible for a patent term extension. This law also establishes a period of time following approval of a drug or biologic product during which the FDA may not accept or approve applications for certain similar or identical drugs or biologic products from other sponsors unless those sponsors provide their own safety and efficacy data.
MyoCell is no longer protected by patents outside, which means that competitors will be free to sell products that incorporate the same or similar technologies that are used in MyoCell without infringing our patent rights. As a result, MyoCell, if approved for use, may be vulnerable to competition. In addition, many of the patent and patent applications that have been licensed to us that pertain to our other product candidates do not cover certain countries within Europe.
Our commercial success will depend to a significant degree on our ability to:
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defend and enforce our patents and/or compel the owners of the patents licensed to us to defend and enforce such patents, to the extent such patents may be applicable to our products and material to their commercialization:
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obtain additional patent and other proprietary protection for MyoCell and our other product candidates;
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obtain and/or maintain appropriate licenses to patents, patent applications or other proprietary rights held by others with respect to our technology, both in the United States and other countries;
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preserve company trade secrets and other intellectual property rights relating to our product candidates; and
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operate without infringing the patents and proprietary rights of third parties.
In addition to patented
intellectual property, we also rely on our own trade secrets and proprietary know-how to protect our technology and
maintain our competitive position, since patent protection may not be available or applicable to our technology.
Our policy is to require each of our employees, consultants and advisors to execute a confidentiality and
inventions assignment agreement before beginning their employment, consulting or advisory relationship with us. The
agreements generally provide that the individual must keep confidential and not disclose to other parties any
confidential information developed or learned by the individual during the course of the individuals relationship
with us except in limited circumstances. These agreements generally also provide that we shall own all inventions
conceived by
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the individual in the course of rendering services to us. Moreover, some of our academic institution licensors, collaborators and scientific advisors have rights to publish data and information to which we have rights, which may impair our ability to protect our proprietary information or obtain patent protection in the future.
We work with others in our research and development activities and one of our strategies is to enter into collaborative agreements with third parties to develop our proposed products. Disputes may arise about inventorship and corresponding rights in know-how and inventions resulting from the joint creation or use of intellectual property by us and our licensors, collaborators, consultants and others. In addition, other parties may circumvent any proprietary protection we do have. As a result, we may not be able to maintain our proprietary position.
Except for the litigation described in Item 3, we are not currently a party to any litigation or other adverse proceeding related to our patents, patent licenses or intellectual property rights. However, if we become involved in litigation or any other adverse intellectual property proceeding, for example, as a result of an alleged infringement, or a third party alleging an earlier date of invention, we may have to spend significant amounts of money and time and, in the event of an adverse ruling, we could be subject to liability for damages, including treble damages, invalidation of our intellectual property and injunctive relief that could prevent us from using technologies or developing products, any of which could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation. In addition, any claims relating to the infringement of third party proprietary rights, or earlier date of invention, even if not meritorious, could result in costly litigation, lengthy governmental proceedings, divert managements attention and resources and require us to enter royalty or license agreements which are not advantageous, if available at all.
See Item 1A. Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property for a discussion of additional risks we face with respect to our intellectual property rights.
Primary MyoCath Patent
The Primary MyoCath Patent includes device claims that we believe covers, among other things, the structure of MyoCath. The Primary MyoCath Patent expires in the United States in September 2017. A patent application for the Primary MyoCath Patent has been filed in Europe and is currently pending.
In January 2000, we entered into a license agreement with Comedicus Incorporated pursuant to which Comedicus granted us a royalty-free, fully paid-up, non-exclusive and irrevocable license to the Primary MyoCath Patent in exchange for a payment of $50,000. This agreement was amended in August 2000 to provide us an exclusive license to the Primary MyoCath Patent in exchange for a payment of $100,000 and our loan of $250,000 to Comedicus. Pursuant to this amendment we also received the right, but not the obligation, with Comedicus consent, which consent is not to be unreasonably withheld, to defend the Primary MyoCath Patent against third party infringers.
In June 2003, we entered into agreements with Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., or ACS, originally a subsidiary of Guidant Corporation and now d/b/a Abbott Vascular, a division of Abbott Laboratories, pursuant to which we assigned our rights under the license agreement with Comedicus, as amended, committed to deliver 160 units of MyoCath and sold certain of our other catheter related intellectual property, or, collectively, with the Primary MyoCath Patent, the Catheter IP, for aggregate consideration of $900,000. In connection with these agreements, ACS granted to us a co-exclusive, irrevocable, fully paid-up license to the Catheter IP for the life of the patents related to the Catheter IP.
ACS has the exclusive right, at its own expense, to file, prosecute, issue, maintain, license, and defend the Catheter IP, and the primary right to enforce the Catheter IP against third party infringers. If ACS fails to enforce the Catheter IP against a third party infringer within a specified period of time, we have the right to do so at our expense. The party enforcing the Catheter IP is entitled to retain any recoveries resulting from such enforcement. The asset purchase agreement only pertains to the Catheter IP developed or acquired by us prior to June 24, 2003. Our subsequent catheter related developments and/or acquisitions, such as MyoCath II, were not sold or licensed to ACS.
MyoCell SDF-1 Patents
To develop our MyoCell SDF-1 product candidate, we rely primarily on patents. We have an agreement to license from Juventas, which currently holds the license to the patents. These patents relate to methods of repairing damaged
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heart tissue by transplanting myoblasts that express SDF-1 and other therapeutic proteins capable of recruiting other stem cells within a patients own body to the cell transplant area. We believe we will also need to, among other things, license some additional intellectual property to commercialize MyoCell SDF-1 in the form we believe may prove to be the most safe and/or effective.
In February 2006, we signed a patent licensing agreement with the Cleveland Clinic which provided us with the worldwide, exclusive rights to three pending U.S. patent applications and certain corresponding foreign filings in the following jurisdictions: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Europe and Japan, or, collectively, the Cleveland Clinic IP, related to methods of repairing damaged heart tissue by transplanting myoblasts that express SDF-1 and other therapeutic proteins capable of recruiting other stem cells within a patients own body to the cell transplant area. The term of our agreement with the Cleveland Clinic expired in July of 2009, when the license to the patents was turned over to a Cleveland Clinic affiliate, Juventas. We have a memorandum of understanding with Juventas to restore the license to the patents once certain milestones have been achieved by Bioheart.
In 2007, Bioheart signed a Letter of Intent with Ono Pharmaceutical which provided rights to conduct clinical development and testing of SDF-1 to determine the effectiveness of SDF-1 for the treatment of damaged myocardium and tissues following acute myocardial infarction, coronary arterial diseases or heart failure. If the results of this testing is deemed successful then the parties agree to enter into good faith negotiations in an effort to reach a definitive license agreement that will allow Bioheart to commercialize its SDF-1 product candidate in all territories of the world except Japan.
MyoCath II Patents
In April 2006, we entered into an agreement with Tricardia, LLC pursuant to which Tricardia granted us a sublicenseable license to certain patents and patent applications in the United States, Australia, Canada, Europe and Japan covering the modified injection needle we intend to use as part of MyoCath II, or the MyoCath II Patents, in exchange for a one-time payment of $100,000. Our license covers and is exclusive with respect to products developed under the MyoCath II Patents for the delivery of therapeutic compositions to the heart. Unless earlier terminated by mutual consent of the parties, our agreement with Tricardia will terminate upon the expiration date of the last MyoCath II Patent.
Tricardia has the obligation to take all actions necessary to file, prosecute and maintain the MyoCath II Patents. We are required to reimburse Tricardia, on a pro-rata basis with other licensees of Tricardia of the MyoCath II Patents, for all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by Tricardia in prosecuting and maintaining the MyoCath II Patents. To the extent we do not wish to incur the cost of any undertaking or defense of any opposition, interference or similar proceeding involving the MyoCath II Patents with respect to any jurisdiction, the license granted to us pursuant to agreement will be automatically amended to exclude such jurisdiction.
Tricardia also has the first right, but not the obligation, to take any actions necessary to prosecute or prevent any infringement or threatened infringement of the MyoCath II Patents. To the extent Tricardia determines not to initiate suit against any infringer, we have the right, but not the obligation, to commence litigation for such alleged infringement. Our share of any recovery will equal 50% in the event Tricardia commences litigation and 90% in the event we commence litigation.
TGI 1200 Patent
On December 12, 2006, or the Effective Date, we entered into an agreement with Tissue Genesis, or the Tissue Genesis Agreement, that provides us an exclusive, worldwide right to individually use or to sell or lease to medical practitioners and related healthcare entities the following items, for the treatment of acute MI and heart failure, or the Field of Use:
·
the TGI 1200 and certain disposable products used in conjunction with the devices, or, the TGI Licensed Product Candidates;
·
processes that use the TGI Licensed Product Candidates, or the TGI Licensed Processes; and
·
the cells derived using the TGI Licensed Product Candidates and/or the TGI Licensed Processes, or the TGI
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Licensed Cells.
Under the Tissue Genesis Agreement, we are restricted from transferring or sublicensing our rights to distribute and use, respectively, the TGI Licensed Product Candidates and related technology, or the TGI Product Candidate Technology.
Under the Tissue Genesis Agreement, we have agreed to diligently pursue commercialization of the TGI Licensed Product Candidates for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction and heart failure. We have also agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain FDA approval for the TGI Licensed Product Candidates within five years of the Effective Date and to make the first sale of a TGI Licensed Product Candidate within seven years of the Effective Date. Tissue Genesis has agreed to provide us with reasonable assistance to obtain regulatory approvals.
Tissue Genesis has agreed to sell us equipment and disposables on pricing terms as favorable as the terms offered to any other direct customer. Tissue Genesis has agreed to provide us with any reasonably available information and instructions related to the operation and maintenance of any equipment we purchase.
We have granted Tissue Genesis an exclusive, worldwide license to use, for purposes other than the treatment of acute MI and heart failure, any improvements we make to the TGI Product Candidate Technology. Tissue Genesis has granted us a right of first refusal to acquire any improvements made or acquired by Tissue Genesis to the TGI Licensed Product Candidates or TGI Product Candidate Technology.
We may terminate the Tissue Genesis Agreement for any reason upon 90 days written notice to Tissue Genesis. In the event we terminate the Tissue Genesis Agreement, the warrant we granted Tissue Genesis (described below) will immediately become fully vested. In the event we fail to obtain FDA approval for a TGI Licensed Product Candidate within seven years of the Effective Date, our exclusive license and distribution right will automatically become non-exclusive. In the event we fail to obtain FDA approval for a TGI Licensed Product Candidate within eight years of the Effective Date, our license and distribution right will automatically terminate. In the event we pay Tissue Genesis royalties of less than $1 million over any one year royalty period at any time after two years following the receipt of FDA approval for a TGI Licensed Product Candidate, our exclusive license and distribution right will automatically terminate 30 days after receipt of notice from Tissue Genesis unless we demonstrate that we continue to pursue commercialization and FDA approval of TGI Licensed Product Candidates and have spent at least the following cumulative amounts toward our commercialization and FDA approval efforts:
·
$500,000 within two years of the Effective Date;
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$1,250,000 within three years of the Effective Date;
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$2,000,000 within four years of the Effective Date; and
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an additional $100,000 each year after four years of the Effective Date.
Tissue Genesis also has the right to terminate the agreement if we are in material breach thereof and we do not cure the breach within 30 days of receiving written notice of such breach. We have the right, but not the obligation, to request that Tissue Genesis commence litigation against a third party infringer of the patents, including certain patents licensed by Tissue Genesis from Thomas Jefferson University, or the TJU Patents, necessary for our customers use of the TGI Licensed Product Candidates, the TGI Licensed Processes and the TGI Licensed Cells within the Field of Use. In the event (i) Tissue Genesis fails to bring suit within 120 days of receipt of our written request, which request must be accompanied by an opinion of counsel as to the alleged infringement and (ii) sales of the infringing products reduce our net sales of the TGI Licensed Product Candidates by at least $250,000 per year, we will be relieved of our obligation to pay Tissue Genesis royalty fees until Tissue Genesis initiates litigation against the third party infringer or obtains discontinuance of the infringement. If requested by Tissue Genesis, we may be required to pay for one third of the expenses, including legal fees, of any such litigation. To the extent we are required to contribute to the costs of litigation, we will have the right to participate in the prosecution of the alleged infringement and to receive one third of any damages recovered by Tissue Genesis.
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As consideration for the license, we issued to Tissue Genesis 13,006 shares of our common stock and granted Tissue Genesis a warrant to purchase 1,544,450 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $7.69 per share. The warrant is scheduled to vest and become exercisable as follows:
·
617,780 shares will vest upon our successful completion of any internationally recognized Phase I clinical trial of a TGI Licensed Product Candidate;
·
463,335 shares will vest upon the earlier of our net sales of $10 million of TGI Licensed Product Candidates or our receipt of $2 million of net profits from the sale of TGI Licensed Product Candidates; and
·
463,335 shares will vest upon the earlier of our net sales of $100 million of TGI Licensed Product Candidates or our receipt of $20 million of net profits from the sale of TGI Licensed Product Candidates.
In the event we merge or are acquired, the warrant will immediately become fully vested as to all 1,544,450 shares. Any vested portion of the warrant will be exercisable at any time and from time to time until December 31, 2026.
We have also agreed to pay Tissue Genesis royalty fees equal to 2% of net sales of any TGI Licensed Product Candidate, TGI Licensed Processes and TGI Licensed Cells, up until such time as the items are no longer qualified for legal protection by a valid patent claim or trade secret.
Tissue Genesis has agreed that we and our customers will not be liable for damages for directly or indirectly infringing various patents, including the TJU patents necessary for our customers use of the TGI Licensed Product Candidates, the TGI Licensed Processes and the TGI Licensed Cells for the treatment of acute MI. Tissue Genesis has, subject to certain conditions, also agreed to indemnify and hold harmless us and our customers from all claims that the products infringe any patents, copyrights or trade secret rights of a third party. However, if our use of the products is enjoined or if Tissue Genesis wishes to minimize its liability, Tissue Genesis may, at its option and expense, either:
·
substitute a substantially equivalent non-infringing product for the infringing product;
·
modify the infringing product so that it no longer infringes but remains functionally equivalent; or
·
obtains for us the right to continue using such item.
If none of the foregoing is feasible, Tissue Genesis is required to accept a return of the infringing product and refund to us the amount paid for such product. Our agreement with Tissue Genesis provides that Tissue Genesis entire liability and obligation with respect to claims of infringement are limited to the liabilities and obligations described above.
Other License Agreements
In June 2000, we entered into an agreement with William Beaumont Hospital, or WBH, pursuant to which WBH granted to us a worldwide, exclusive, non-sublicenseable license to two U.S. method patents covering the inducement of human adult myocardial cell proliferation in vitro, or the WBH IP. The term of the agreement is for the life of the patents, which expire in 2015. We utilize the methods under these patents in connection with our BioPace and certain other product candidates in development. We do not have rights to patents outside the United States relating to BioPace. In addition to a payment of $55,000 we made to acquire the license, we are required to pay WBH an annual license fee of $10,000 and royalties ranging from 2% to 4% of net sales of products that are covered by the WBH IP. In order to maintain these exclusive license rights, our aggregate royalty payments in any calendar year must exceed a minimum threshold as established by the agreement. The minimum threshold was $50,000 for 2005, $100,000 for 2006, $200,000 for 2007 and 2008. This minimum threshold will remain $200,000 for 2009 and thereafter. To the extent that our annual net sales of products covered by the WBH IP do not exceed the minimum threshold for such year, we have the option of paying any shortfall in cash to WBH by the end of the applicable year or having our license to the WBH IP become non-exclusive. In addition to the patents licensed from WBH, we purchased a U.S. patent and its corresponding Japanese filing, which are directed to biological pacemakers, by assignment from Angeion Corporation on September 1, 2000.
As of the date of this report, we have not made any payments to WBH other than the initial payment to acquire the license. Accordingly, WBH may terminate the license to the WBH IP at any time at their sole option. We are currently in
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negotiations with WBH to amend the terms of the license agreement. Unless earlier terminated by WBH or by either party upon the other partys breach of the agreement, the agreement will terminate upon the expiration date of the last patent covered by the WBH Agreement.
Sales and Marketing
MyoCell and MyoCell SDF-1
In advance of any expected commercial approval of our MyoCell product candidate in the United States, we intend to internally develop a direct sales and marketing force. We anticipate the team will comprise salespeople, clinical and reimbursement specialists and product marketing managers.
We intend to market MyoCell and/or MyoCell SDF-1 to interventional cardiologists and heart failure specialists. In the typical healthcare system the interventional cardiologist functions as a gatekeeper for determining the course of appropriate medical care for our target patient population.
We anticipate our marketing efforts will be focused on informing interventional cardiologists of the availability of a our treatment alternative through the following channels of communication: (i) articles published in medical journals by widely recognized interventional cardiologists, including cardiologists that have participated in our clinical trials; (ii) seminars and speeches featuring widely recognized interventional cardiologists; and (iii) advertisements in medical journals.
Medical Devices
On January 5, 2010, Bioheart announced that the company has signed distribution agreements with Restoration Medical, McRay Medical, Alamo Scientific and Morey Medical. These distributors will assist Bioheart with introducing its Home Heart Failure Monitoring Systems to physicians and hospitals throughout the United States. McRay Medical will distribute the systems in Northern California; Alamo Scientific will distribute in Texas, Louisiana and Arkansas; Morey Medical will distribute in Oklahoma, Kansas and parts of Missouri; Restoration Medical will distribute the monitoring systems in the rest of the country. Bioheart elected to have a distributor network rather than hiring a sales force for its heart monitoring system. The company believes that distributors are capable of discerning the precise needs of their customers and which of their customers would best use an innovative product. Furthermore, they are constantly in touch with their customer base and are well able to convey the desire for product enhancements to Bioheart. Bioheart and its staff have a history of responding to customer needs with product improvements that have been cutting edge and have addressed those needs.
Collaborative Arrangements for Seeking Regulatory Approvals and Distribution of Products Outside of the United States and Europe
Korea
On February 1, 2005, we entered into a joint venture agreement with Bioheart Korea, Inc., the predecessor entity of BHK, Inc., or BHK, pursuant to which we and BHK agreed to create a joint venture company called Bioheart Manufacturing, Inc., located in Korea to own and operate a cell culturing facility. The joint venture agreement contemplated that we would engage Bioheart Manufacturing to provide all cell culturing processes for our products and processes sold in Asia including Korea for a period of no less than ten years. Pursuant to the joint venture agreement, we agreed to contribute approximately $59,000 cash and Myocell manufacturing technology for an 18% equity interest in Bioheart Manufacturing, and BHK agreed to contribute approximately $9,592,032 for an 82% equity interest in Bioheart Manufacturing. On April 1, 2006, we entered into an in-kind investment agreement with Bioheart Manufacturing pursuant to which we agreed to provide Bioheart Manufacturing with the technology to manufacture MyoCell and MyoCath and, in exchange, received 25,890 common shares of Bioheart Manufacturing. In February 2009, our ownership interest in Bioheart Manufacturing, Inc. was reduced to approximately 6% as a result of additional investments in Bioheart Manufacturing, Inc. by third parties. Shares in Bioheart Manufacturing, Inc, owned by Bioheart Inc. became 258,900 shares through a stock split. In May 2009, there was a corporate reorganization and AnC Bio Inc. was given the business of Bioheart Manufacturing Inc.
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Pursuant to the joint venture agreement, we provided Bioheart Manufacturing with standard operating procedures, tests and testing protocols, cell selection methods, cell characterization methods, and all materials necessary to carry out the activities of the cell culturing facility in the manner required by us.
In August 2007, we entered into a supply agreement with BHK pursuant to which we supplied MyoCell and MyoCaths to BHM for use in clinical studies of MyoCell.
According to the agreement, upon Bioheart Manufacturings inability to continue its operations by reason of law, governmental order or regulation or Bioheart Manufacturings dissolution or liquidation for any reason, the agreement is null and void.
Government Regulation
The research and development, preclinical studies and clinical trials, and ultimately, the culturing, manufacturing, marketing and labeling of our product candidates are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA and other regulatory authorities in the United States and other countries. We believe MyoCell and our medical device products are subject to regulation in the United States and Europe as a biological product and a medical device, respectively.
Biological products are subject to regulation under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or the FD&C Act, the Public Health Service Act, or the PHS Act and their respective regulations as well as other federal, state, and local statutes and regulations. Medical devices are subject to regulation under the FD&C Act and the regulations promulgated hereunder as well as other federal, state, and local statutes and regulations. The FD&C Act and the PHS Act and the regulations promulgated hereunder govern, among other things, the testing, cell culturing, manufacturing, safety, efficacy, labeling, storage, record keeping, approval, clearance, advertising and promotion of our product candidates. Preclinical studies, clinical trials and the regulatory approval process typically take years and require the expenditure of substantial resources. If regulatory approval or clearance of a product is granted, the approval or clearance may include significant limitations on the indicated uses for which the product may be marketed.
FDA Regulation Approval of Biological Products
The steps ordinarily required before a biological product may be marketed in the United States include:
·
completion of preclinical studies according to good laboratory practice regulations;
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the submission of an IND application to the FDA, which must become effective before human clinical trials may commence;
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performance of adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials according to good clinical practices to establish the safety and efficacy of the proposed biological product for its intended use;
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satisfactory completion of an FDA pre-approval inspection of the manufacturing facility or facilities at which the product is manufactured, processes, packaged or held to assess compliance cGMP; and
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the submission to, and review and approval by, the FDA of a biologics license application, or BLA, that includes satisfactory results of preclinical testing and clinical trials.
Preclinical tests include laboratory evaluation of the product candidate, its formulation and stability, as well as animal studies to assess the potential safety and efficacy of the product candidate. The FDA requires that preclinical tests be conducted in compliance with good laboratory practice regulations. The results of preclinical testing are submitted as part of an IND application to the FDA together with manufacturing information for the clinical supply, analytical data, the protocol for the initial clinical trials and any available clinical data or literature. A 30-day waiting period after the filing of each IND application is required by the FDA prior to the commencement of clinical testing in humans. In addition, the FDA may, at any time during this 30-day waiting period or any time thereafter, impose a clinical hold on
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proposed or ongoing clinical trials. If the FDA imposes a clinical hold, clinical trials cannot commence or recommence without FDA authorization.
Clinical trials to support BLAs involve the administration of the investigational product to human subjects under the supervision of qualified investigators. Clinical trials are conducted under protocols detailing, among other things, the objectives of the study, the parameters to be used in monitoring safety and the efficacy criteria to be evaluated.
Clinical trials are typically conducted in three sequential phases, but the phases may overlap.
In Phase I clinical trials, the initial introduction of the biological product candidate into human subjects or patients, the product candidate is tested to assess safety, dosage tolerance, absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion, including any side effects associated with increasing doses.
Phase II clinical trials usually involve studies in a limited patient population to identify possible adverse effects and safety risks, preliminarily assess the efficacy of the product candidate in specific, targeted indications; and assess dosage tolerance and optimal dosage.
If a product candidate is found to be potentially effective and to have an acceptable safety profile in Phase II evaluations, Phase III trials are undertaken within an expanded patient population at multiple study sites to further demonstrate clinical efficacy and safety, further evaluate dosage and establish the risk-benefit ratio of the product and an adequate basis for product labeling.
Phase IV, or post-marketing, trials may be mandated by regulatory authorities or may be conducted voluntarily. Phase IV trials are typically initiated to monitor the safety and efficacy of a biological product in its approved population and indication but over a longer period of time, so that rare or long-term adverse effects can be detected over a much larger patient population and time than was possible during prior clinical trials. Alternatively, Phase IV trials may be used to test a new method of product administration, or to investigate a products use in other indications. Adverse effects detected by Phase IV trials may result in the withdrawal or restriction of a drug.
If the required Phase I, II and III clinical testing is completed successfully, the results of the required clinical trials, the results of product development, preclinical studies and clinical trials, descriptions of the manufacturing process and other relevant information concerning the safety and effectiveness of the biological product candidate are submitted to the FDA in the form of a BLA. In most cases, the BLA must be accompanied by a substantial user fee. The FDA may deny a BLA if all applicable regulatory criteria are not satisfied or may require additional data, including clinical, toxicology, safety or manufacturing data. It can take several years for the FDA to approve a BLA once it is submitted, and the actual time required for any product candidate may vary substantially, depending upon the nature, complexity and novelty of the product candidate.
Before approving an application, the FDA will inspect the facility or facilities where the product is manufactured. The FDA will not approve a BLA unless it determines that the manufacturing processes and facilities are in compliance with cGMP requirements.
If the FDA evaluations of the BLA and the manufacturing facilities are favorable, the FDA may issue either an approval letter or an approvable letter. The approvable letter usually contains a number of conditions that must be met to secure final FDA approval of the BLA. When, and if, those conditions have been met to the FDAs satisfaction, the FDA will issue an approval letter. If the FDAs evaluation of the BLA or manufacturing facility is not favorable, the FDA may refuse to approve the BLA or issue a non-approvable letter that often requires additional testing or information.
FDA Regulation Approval of Medical Devices
Medical devices are also
subject to extensive regulation by the FDA. To be commercially distributed in the United States, medical devices must
receive either 510(k) clearance or pre-market approval, or PMA, from the FDA prior to marketing. Devices deemed to pose
relatively low risk are placed in either Class I or II, which requires the manufacturer to submit a pre-market
notification requesting permission for commercial distribution, or 510(k) clearance. Devices deemed by the FDA to pose
the greatest risk, such as life-sustaining, life-supporting or implantable devices, devices
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deemed not substantially equivalent to a previously 510(k) cleared device and certain other devices are placed in Class III which requires PMA. We anticipate that MyoCath will be classified as a Class III device.
To obtain 510(k) clearance, a manufacturer must submit a pre-market notification demonstrating that the proposed device is substantially equivalent in intended use and in safety and efficacy to a previously 510(k) cleared device, a device that has received PMA or a device that was in commercial distribution before May 28, 1976. The FDAs 510(k) clearance pathway usually takes from four to twelve months, but it can last longer.
After a device receives 510(k) clearance, any modification that could significantly affect its safety or efficacy, or that would constitute a major change in its intended use, requires a new 510(k) clearance or could require PMA. The FDA requires each manufacturer to make this determination, but the FDA can review any such decision. If the FDA disagrees with a manufacturers decision not to seek a new 510(k) clearance, the agency may retroactively require the manufacturer to seek 510(k) clearance or PMA. The FDA also can require the manufacturer to cease marketing and/or recall the modified device until 510(k) clearance or PMA is obtained.
A product not eligible for 510(k) clearance must follow the PMA pathway, which requires proof of the safety and efficacy of the device to the FDAs satisfaction. The PMA pathway is much more costly, lengthy and uncertain than the 510(k) approval pathway. A PMA application must provide extensive preclinical and clinical trial data and also information about the device and its components regarding, among other things, device design, manufacturing and labeling. As part of the PMA review, the FDA will typically inspect the manufacturers facilities for compliance with quality system regulation requirements, which impose elaborate testing, control, documentation and other quality assurance procedures. Upon acceptance by the FDA of what it considers a completed filing, the FDA commences an in-depth review of the PMA application, which typically takes from one to two years, but may last longer. The review time is often significantly extended as a result of the FDA asking for more information or clarification of information already provided.
If the FDAs evaluation of the PMA application is favorable, and the applicant satisfies any specific conditions (e.g., changes in labeling) and provides any specific additional information (e.g., submission of final labeling), the FDA will issue a PMA for the approved indications, which can be more limited than those originally sought by the manufacturer. The PMA can include post-approval conditions that the FDA believes necessary to ensure the safety and efficacy of the device including, among other things, restrictions on labeling, promotion, sale and distribution. Failure to comply with the conditions of approval can result in an enforcement action, which could have material adverse consequences, including the loss or withdrawal of the approval.
Even after approval of a pre-market application, a new PMA or PMA supplement is required in the event of a modification to the device, its labeling or its manufacturing process.
FDA Regulation Post-Approval Requirements
Even if regulatory clearances or approvals for our product candidates are obtained, our products and the facilities manufacturing our products will be subject to continued review and periodic inspections by the FDA. For example, as a condition of approval of a new drug application, the FDA may require us to engage in post-marketing testing and surveillance and to monitor the safety and efficacy of our products. Holders of an approved new BLA, PMA or 510(k) clearance product are subject to several post-market requirements, including the reporting of certain adverse events involving their products to the FDA, provision of updated safety and efficacy information, and compliance with requirements concerning the advertising and promotion of their products.
In addition, manufacturing facilities are subject to periodic inspections by the FDA to confirm the facilities comply with cGMP requirements. In complying with cGMP, manufacturers must expend money, time and effort in the area of production and quality control to ensure full compliance. For example, manufacturers of biologic products must establish validated systems to ensure that products meet high standards of sterility, safety, purity, potency and identity. Manufacturers must report to the FDA any deviations from cGMP or any unexpected or unforeseeable event that may affect the safety, quality, or potency of a product. The regulations also require investigation and correction of any deviations from cGMP and impose documentation requirements.
In addition to regulations enforced by the FDA, we are also subject to regulation under the Occupational Safety and
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Health Act, the Environmental Protection Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and other federal, state and local regulations. Our research and development activities involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, chemicals, biological materials and radioactive compounds.
International Regulation
Our product candidates are subject to regulation in every country where they will be tested or used. Whether or not we obtain FDA approval for a product candidate, we must obtain the necessary approvals from the comparable regulatory authorities of foreign countries before we can commence testing or marketing of a product candidate in those countries. The requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials and the approval processes vary from country to country and the time required may be longer or shorter than that associated with FDA approval.
The European Economic Area requires that manufacturers of medical devices obtain the right to affix the CE mark to their products before selling them in member countries. The CE mark is an international symbol of adherence to quality assurance standards and compliance with applicable European medical device directives. In order to obtain the right to affix the CE mark to a medical device, the medical device in question must meet the essential requirements defined under the Medical Device Directive (93/42/ EEC) relating to safety and performance, and the manufacturer of the device must undergo verification of regulatory compliance by a third party standards certification provider, known as a notified body. Provided that we enter into a long term manufacturing contract with an entity that satisfies the requirements of the International Standards Organization, we anticipate that we will file an application to obtain the right to affix the CE mark to MyoCath in 2010.
In addition to regulatory clearance, the conduct of clinical trials in the European Union is governed by the European Clinical Trials Directive (2001/20/ EC), which was implemented in May 2004. This directive governs how regulatory bodies in member states may control clinical trials. No clinical trial may be started without authorization by the national competent authority and favorable ethics approval.
Manufacturing facilities are subject to the requirements of the International Standards Organization. In complying with these requirements, manufacturers must expend money, time and effort in the area of production and quality control to ensure full compliance.
In some cases, we plan to submit applications with different endpoints or other elements outside the United States due to differing practices and requirements in particular jurisdictions. However, in cases where different endpoints will be used outside the United States, we expect that such submissions will be discussed with the FDA to ensure that the FDA is comfortable with the nature of human trials being conducted in any part of the world. As in the United States, post-approval regulatory requirements, such as those regarding product manufacture, marketing, or distribution, would apply to any product that is approved in Europe.
Competition
Our industry is subject to rapid and intense technological change. We face, and will continue to face, competition from pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, medical device and biotechnology companies developing heart failure treatments both in the United States and abroad, as well as numerous academic and research institutions, governmental agencies and private organizations engaged in drug funding or discovery activities both in the United States and abroad. We also face competition from entities and healthcare providers using more traditional methods, such as surgery and pharmaceutical regimens, to treat heart failure. We believe there are a substantial number of heart failure products under development by numerous pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, medical device and biotechnology companies, and it is likely that other competitors will emerge.
Many of our existing and potential competitors have substantially greater research and product development capabilities and financial, scientific, marketing and human resources than we do. As a result, these competitors may succeed in developing competing therapies earlier than we do; obtain patents that block or otherwise inhibit our ability to further develop and commercialize our product candidates; obtain approvals from the FDA or other regulatory agencies for products more rapidly than we do; or develop treatments or cures that are safer or more effective than those we propose to develop. These competitors may also devote greater resources to marketing or selling their products and may
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be better able to withstand price competition. In addition, these competitors may introduce or adapt more quickly to new technologies or scientific advances, which could render our technologies obsolete, and may introduce products that make the continued development of our product candidates uneconomical. These competitors may also be more successful in negotiating third party licensing or collaborative arrangements and may be able to take advantage of acquisitions or other strategic opportunities more readily than we can.
Our ability to compete successfully will depend on our continued ability to attract and retain skilled and experienced scientific, clinical development and executive personnel, to identify and develop viable heart failure product candidates and to exploit these products and compounds commercially before others are able to develop competitive products.
We believe the principal competitive factors affecting our markets include, but are not limited to:
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the safety and efficacy of our product candidates;
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the freedom to develop and commercialize cell-based therapies, including appropriate patent and proprietary rights protection;
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the timing and scope of regulatory approvals;
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the cost and availability of our products;
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the availability and scope of third party reimbursement programs; and
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the availability of alternative treatments.
We are still in the process of determining, among other things:
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if MyoCell and MyoCell SDF-1 are both safe and effective;
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the timing and scope of regulatory approvals; and
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the availability and scope of third party reimbursement programs.
Accordingly, we have a limited ability to predict how competitive MyoCell will be relative to existing treatment alternatives and/or treatment alternatives that are under development. See Business Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure.
If approved, MyoCell will compete with surgical, pharmaceutical and mechanical based therapies. Surgical options include heart transplantation and left ventricular reconstructive surgery. Although not readily accessible, heart transplantation has proven to be an effective treatment for patients with severe damage to the heart who locate a donor match and are in sufficiently good health to undergo major surgery. Mechanical therapies such as biventricular pacing, ventricular restraint devices and mitral valve therapies have been developed by companies such as Medtronic, Inc., Acorn Cardiovascular, Inc., St. Jude Medical, Inc., World Heart Corporation, Guidant Corporation, a part of Boston Scientific, and Edwards Lifesciences Corp. Pharmaceutical therapies include anti-thrombotics, calcium channel blockers such as Pfizers Norvasc® and ACE inhibitors such as Sanofis Delix®.
The field of regenerative medicine is rapidly progressing, as many organizations are initiating or expanding their research efforts in this area. We are also aware of several competitors seeking to develop cell-based therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, including Aldagen, Inc., Angioblast Systems, Inc., Athersys, Inc., Baxter International, Inc., Cytori Therapeutics, Inc., MG Biotherapeutics, LLC (a joint venture between Genzyme Corporation and Medtronic, Inc.), Mytogen, Inc. (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Advanced Cell Technology, Inc.), Osiris Therapeutics, Inc., ViaCell, Inc. (a wholly-owned subsidiary of PerkinElmer, Inc.), and potentially others.
It is our understanding that some of our large competitors have devoted considerable resources to developing a myoblast-based cell therapy for treating severe damage to the heart.
Some organizations are involved in research using alternative cell sources, including bone marrow, embryonic and
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fetal tissue, umbilical cord and peripheral blood, and adipose tissue.
We are aware of several companies which have developed or are developing similar products to the Bioheart 3370 Heart Failure Monitor.
Many of our existing and potential competitors have substantially greater research and product development capabilities and financial, scientific, marketing and human resources than we do. These competitors may also devote greater resources to marketing or selling their products and may be better able to withstand price competition. In addition, these competitors may introduce or adapt more quickly to new technologies or scientific advances, which could render our technologies obsolete, and may introduce products that make the continued development of our product candidates uneconomical. These competitors may also be more successful in negotiating third party licensing or collaborative arrangements and may be able to take advantage of acquisitions or other strategic opportunities more readily than we can.
Our Executive Officers
Set forth below are: (1) the names and ages of our executive officers at the time of filing of this document, (2) all positions with the Company presently held by each such person and (3) the positions held by, and principal areas of responsibility of, each such person during the last five years.
Name |
Age |
Position with the Company |
Karl E. Groth, Ph.D. | 62 | Chairman & Chief Executive Officer |
Peggy A. Farley | 63 | Chief Operating and Financial Officer |
Howard J. Leonhardt | 47 | Chief Scientific & Technology Officer |
Karl E. Groth, Ph.D. .Dr. Groth became our Chairman and CEO in August of 2009. He has served as a member of our Board of Directors since January 2009. Dr. Groth is co-founder, along with Ms. Farley, of the Ascent Medical Technology Funds and since May 2000 has served as President and CEO of Ascent Private Equity, the General Partner of the funds, which are focused on investments in medical device, life science and biotechnology. Dr. Groth has over 30 years experience in the health care industry. He held management positions within Medtronic Inc. in research, product planning, marketing, and strategic business development from 1980-1989. From 1989 until 1999, he organized and served within executive management of a series of medical start-ups, all of which conducted successful initial public offerings followed by acquisitions by major medical companies. Dr. Groth received his B.S. from the State University of New York in biology, his M.S. in plant physiology from New York University and his Ph.D. in microbiology from the University of Minnesota. He has conducted post-graduate research as a Senior Scientist in the department of Laboratory Medicine at the University of Minnesota and published over 30 peer-reviewed articles in professional journals. In addition, Dr. Groth continues to publish and present on topics including vascular disease and endovascular intervention.
Peggy A. Farley. Ms. Farley became our Chief Operating Officer in August of 2009, and Chief Financial Officer in February of 2010. She has served as a member of our Board of Directors since January 2007. Ms. Farley was initially appointed to our Board as a representative of Ascent Medical Technology Funds. Since January 1998, Ms. Farley has served as a managing director of the general partner and co-founder of the Ascent Medical Technology Funds. She is also the President and Chief Executive Officer of Ascent Capital Management, Inc. From 1984 until 1997, Ms. Farley was Chief Executive Officer of a set of firms that she developed as the locus for investment in the United States for non-US investors, engaging in venture capital investments, identifying and conducting acquisition transactions in the United States and South Asia as well as directing the management of private and corporate assets. From 1978 to 1984, she was with Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, in the International Group of the Corporate Finance Division. Prior to joining Morgan Stanley, Ms. Farley served as consultant to U.S. corporations, including Avon, Ingersoll-Rand, Citibank, and Morgan Stanley. Her career in business began in the mid-1970s in Citibank's Athens-based Middle East and North Africa Regional Office. She received an M.A. from Columbia University in 1972 and an A.B. from Barnard College in 1970.
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Howard J. Leonhardt. Mr. Leonhardt is the Co-founder and Chief Scientific and Technology Officer of Bioheart, also serving as the Chairman of Biohearts Scientific Advisory Board. He served as Chairman and CEO of the Company from 1999 until 2007, when he became Executive Chairman. He held the title of Executive Chairman until March of 2008. In July of 2008, he became Chairman and CEO once more, a title that he retained until August of 2009. He was
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appointed as our Chief Technology Officer in March, 2007. In 1986, Mr. Leonhardt founded World Medical Manufacturing Corporation, or World Medical, and served as its Chief Executive Officer from 1986 until December 1998 when World Medical was acquired by Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc., or AVE. AVE was acquired by Medtronic, Inc. in January 1999. Mr. Leonhardt was the co-inventor of World Medical's primary product, the TALENT (Taheri-Leonhardt) stent graft system. From December 1998 until June 1999, Mr. Leonhardt served as President of World Medical Manufacturing Corporation, a subsidiary of Medtronic. Mr. Leonhardt received a diploma in International Trade from the Anoka-Hennepin Technical College, attended the University of Minnesota as well as Anoka-Ramsey Community College and holds an honorary Doctorate Degree in Biomedical Engineering from the University of Northern California.
Additions to Board of Directors
Lee A. Jones, Director. On October 12, 2009, Bioheart, Inc. appointed Lee A. Jones to serve as an independent member of its Board of Directors until the Companys next Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until her successor is duly elected and qualified. Ms. Jones has been the Chief Administrative Officer of the Schulze Diabetes Institute at the University of Minnesota since June 2009. She has more than 25 years of healthcare and medical device industry experience. From 1997 to 2005, she served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Inlet Medical, Inc. (a Cooper Surgical company since November 2005), specializing in minimally interventional laparoscopic products. Prior to joining Inlet, she had a 14-year career at Medtronic, Inc. where she held various technical and operating positions, most recently serving as Director, General Manager of Medtronic Urology/Interstim division. Ms. Jones currently also serves as a member of the board of directors of Uroplasty, Inc. and Aveus. She holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemical Engineering and an Executive Management degree from the University of Minnesota.
Mark P. Borman, Director. On May 12, 2009, the Company appointed Mark P. Borman to serve as an independent member of its Board of Directors until the Companys 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until his successor is duly elected and qualified. Mr. Borman was also appointed to the Audit Committee of the Board effective as of the same date. Mr. Borman is a seasoned financial officer with more than 30 years of broad-based financial and investor relations experience. He most recently served as Vice President, Investor Relations and Treasurer of ADC Telecommunications from 1998 to 2008. During his career, Mr. Borman has held positions with General Instrument Corporation, First Chicago Corporation, FMC Corporation, Price Waterhouse, and KMG. Mr. Borman received his B.A. in Accounting from Michigan State University and his MBA from the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business. He is a Certified Public Accountant and Chartered Financial Analyst and has experience as an advisor, board member, faculty, speaker, and mentor.
Charles A. Hart, Director. On May 12, 2009, the Company appointed Charles A. Hart to serve as an independent member of the companys Board of Directors until the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until his successor is duly elected and qualified. Mr. Hart was also appointed to the Compensation Committee of the board effective as of the same date. Mr. Hart has more than 20 years of entrepreneurial experience. Mr. Hart founded Hart Masonry, Inc. in 1986 and has served as its President since then. He is also the Founder and President of Wildridge Enterprises. Mr. Hart is a member of the Board of Directors for Eagle Street Properties LLP.
On February 10, 2010, the Board of Directors asked Peggy A. Farley to serve as Chief Financial Officer in addition to serving as the Chief Operating Officer and asked Mark P. Borman to serve as Chairman of the Audit Committee. Both agreed. The change enabled increased autonomy between executive management and the Audit Committee.
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Item 1A.
Risk Factors
The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing us. Other events that we do not currently anticipate or that we currently deem immaterial also may affect our results of operations and financial condition. If any events described in the risk factors actually occur, our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition could be materially harmed. In connection with the forward looking statements that appear elsewhere in this quarterly report, you should also carefully review the cautionary statement referred to under Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward Looking Statements.
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Risks Related to Our Financial Position and Need for Additional Financing
We will need to secure additional financing in 2010 in order to continue to finance our operations. If we are unable to secure additional financing on acceptable terms, we may be forced to curtail or cease our operations.
We are seeking substantial additional financing through public and/or private financing, which may include equity and/or debt financings, research grants and through other arrangements, including collaborative arrangements. As part of such efforts, we may seek loans from certain of our executive officers, directors and/or current shareholders. We may also seek to satisfy some of our obligations to the guarantors of our loan with Bank of America (the Guarantors) through the issuance of various forms of securities or debt on negotiated terms. However, financing and/or alternative arrangements with the Guarantors may not be available when we need it, or may not be available on acceptable terms.
If we are unable to secure additional financing in 2010, we may be forced to:
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curtail or abandon our existing business plan,
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reduce our headcount;
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default on our debt obligations under the BlueCrest Loan;
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file for bankruptcy;
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seek to sell some or all of our assets; and/or
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cease our operations.
If we are forced to take any of these steps, any investment in our common stock may be worthless.
Our MARVEL Trial is critical to our prospective mainstream business. Its continuation is contingent on our ability to secure additional capital. However, it is important that our REGEN trial be undertaken in order to assess the efficacy of SDF-1 and Myocell together in humans relative to Myocell alone. If the combination proves to be more efficacious than Myocell by itself, wisdom would dictate that the MARVEL trial be modified to utilize the combination.
BlueCrest Capital has as part of the collateral for its loan to Bioheart the intellectual property of Bioheart. In the event of a default, all interest and principal are immediately due and payable and that BlueCrest Capital has the right to enforce its security interest in the assets securing the BlueCrest Loan. In such event, BlueCrest Capital could take possession of any or all of our assets in which they hold a security interest, and dispose of those assets to the extent necessary to pay off our debts, which would materially harm our business.
Our ability to obtain additional debt financing and/or alternative arrangements with the Guarantors may be limited by the amount of, terms and restrictions of our then current debt. For instance, we do not anticipate repaying the BlueCrest Loan until its scheduled maturity. Accordingly, until such time, we will generally be restricted from, among other things, incurring additional indebtedness or liens, with limited exceptions. See We have a substantial amount of debt... Additional debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants that limit or further limit our operating and financial flexibility and prohibit us from making distributions to shareholders.
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If we enter into loan agreements with our executive officers, directors, and/or shareholders, although our Audit Committee will be required to approve the terms of any such transaction, there can be no assurances that these arrangements will be advantageous to us, that conflicts of interest will not arise with respect to such transactions, or that if such conflicts arise, they will be resolved in a manner favorable to us.
If we raise additional capital and/or secure alternative arrangements with the Guarantors by issuing equity, equity-related or convertible securities, the economic, voting and other rights of our existing shareholders may be diluted, and those newly issued securities may be issued at prices that are a significant discount to current and/or then prevailing market prices. In addition, any such newly issued securities may have rights superior to those of our common stock. If we obtain additional capital through collaborative arrangements, we may be required to relinquish greater rights to our technologies or product candidates than we might otherwise have or become subject to restrictive covenants that may affect our business.
Our independent registered public accounting firm has expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
Our independent registered public accounting firm issued its report dated March 31, 2010 in connection with the audit of our financial statements as of December 31, 2009, included an explanatory paragraph describing the existence of conditions that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. If we are not able to continue as a going concern, it is likely that holders of our common stock will lose all of their investment. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Current Adverse Economic Conditions have had a negative impact on our ability to obtain additional financing. Our inability to obtain additional financing would have a significant adverse effect on our operations.
In early 2008, as the United States economy began to soften, as fuel and other commodity prices began to rise, doubts were raised about the ability of borrowers to pay debts. Housing values began to fall and marginal loans were first to default, triggering the sub-prime lending crisis. Financial institutions responded by tightening their lending policies with respect to counterparties determined to have sub-prime mortgage risk. This tightening of institutional lending policies led to the failure of major financial institutions late in the third quarter of 2008. Continued failures, losses, and write-downs at major financial institutions through 2009 intensified concerns about credit and liquidity risks and have resulted in a sharp reduction in overall market liquidity and broad governmental intervention. The global credit crisis threatens the stability of the global economy and has adversely impacted consumer confidence and spending. We believe this global credit crisis has also had a negative impact on our ability to obtain additional financing. As discussed above, our inability to obtain additional financing would have a significant adverse effect on our operations, results and financial condition.
We are a development stage life sciences company with a limited operating history and a history of net losses and negative cash flows from operations. We may never be profitable, and if we incur operating losses and generate negative cash flows from operations for longer than expected, we may be unable to continue operations.
We are a development stage life sciences company and have a limited operating history, limited capital, limited sources of revenue and have incurred losses since inception. Our operations to date have been limited to organizing our company, developing and engaging in clinical trials of our MyoCell product candidate, expanding our pipeline of complementary product candidates through internal development and third party licenses, expanding and strengthening our intellectual property position through internal programs and third party licenses and recruiting management, research and clinical personnel. Consequently, it may be difficult to predict our future success or viability due to our lack of operating history. As of December 31, 2009, we have accumulated a deficit during our development stage of approximately $100.6 million. Our MyoCell product candidate has not received regulatory approval or generated any material revenues and is not expected to generate any material revenues until 2011,if ever. Since inception, we have generated substantial net losses, including net losses of approximately $3.8 million, $14.2 million and $18.1 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively and substantial negative cash flows from operations. We anticipate that we will continue to incur significant and increasing net losses and negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future as we:
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·
establish a distribution network for and commence distribution of certain products for which we have acquired distribution rights;
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commence full scale enrollment of the MARVEL Trial;
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continue research and development and undertake new clinical trials with respect to our pipeline product candidates, including clinical trials related to MyoCell SDF-1;
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seek to raise additional capital;
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apply for regulatory approvals;
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make capital expenditures to increase our research and development and cell culturing capabilities;
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add operational, financial and management information systems and personnel and develop and protect our intellectual property;
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make payments pursuant to license agreements upon achievement of certain milestones; and
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establish sales and marketing capabilities to commercialize products for which we obtain regulatory approval, if any.
Our limited experience in conducting and managing preclinical development activities, clinical trials and the application process necessary to obtain regulatory approvals might prevent us from successfully designing or implementing a preclinical study or clinical trial. If we do not succeed in conducting and managing our preclinical development activities or clinical trials, or in obtaining regulatory approvals, we might not be able to commercialize our product candidates, or might be significantly delayed in doing so, which will materially harm our business.
None of the biologic products that we are currently developing has been approved by the FDA or any similar regulatory authority in any foreign country. Our ability to generate revenues from any of our product candidates will depend on a number of factors, including our ability to successfully complete clinical trials, obtain necessary regulatory approvals and implement our commercialization strategy. In addition, even if we are successful in obtaining necessary regulatory approvals and bringing one or more product candidates to market, we will be subject to the risk that the marketplace will not accept those products. We may, and anticipate that we will need to, transition from a company with a research and development focus to a company capable of supporting commercial activities and we may not succeed in such a transition.
Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with our product development and commercialization efforts, we are unable to predict the extent of our future losses or when or if we will become profitable. Our failure to successfully commercialize our product candidates or to become and remain profitable could impair our ability to raise capital, expand our business, diversify our product offerings and continue our operations.
We have a substantial amount of debt and may incur substantial additional debt, which could adversely affect our ability to pursue certain business objectives, obtain financing in the future and/or react to changes in our business.
In addition to the BlueCrest Loan, on June 1, 2007, we borrowed $5.0 million from Bank of America under an eight month loan, which was subsequently extended until July 2009, and $1 million under a loan due subsequent to repayment of the BlueCrest Loan. As of December 31, 2009, we had an aggregate of $9.6 million in principal amount of outstanding indebtedness. We and Bank of America have agreed with BlueCrest Capital that the Company will not make any payments due under the Bank of America Loan while the BlueCrest Loan is outstanding. Certain persons, including our former Chairman of the Board, two of our other directors and two of our shareholders, or, collectively, the Guarantors, agreed to provide Bank of America in the aggregate up to $5.5 million of funds and/or securities to make these payments. As of December 31, 2009, these individuals had paid an aggregate of $3.7 million on the Bank of America Loan on our behalf, including $3.0 million of principal by our former Chairman of the Board. Upon our repayment in full of the BlueCrest Loan, we are required to reimburse these persons with interest at an annual rate of the prime rate plus 5.0% for any and all payments made by them under the Bank of America Loan. We anticipate that the BlueCrest Loan will need to be serviced and both the BlueCrest Loan and any amounts advanced by the Guarantors will need to be repaid with existing cash or cash generated from security or loan placements, if any. If we are unable to generate cash through additional financings, we may have to delay or curtail research, development and commercialization programs.
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In March of 2009, the former Chairman of the Board and his former spouse paid directly to Bank of America the $3 million that he had been guaranteeing, thus reducing Biohearts obligation to Bank of America to $2 million plus interest. In March 2009, these individuals repaid $3.0 million of principal and a pro rata portion of accrued interest on behalf of the Company. The Company now owes this $3.0 million to the Company's former Chairman and his former spouse. This liability is reflected on the Companys consolidated balance sheet on a separate line titled Subordinated related party loan. This amount will also accrue interest at an annual rate of the prime rate plus 5.0%.
In March of 2010, one of the Guarantors paid directly to Bank of America the $672,000 of the loan that he had been guaranteeing, and a pro rata portion of accrued interest on behalf of the Company. That Guarantor agreed to accept from the Company the equivalent of his payment to Bank of America in restricted common stock and warrants. With his acceptance of the restricted common stock and warrants, the former Guarantor owns 8% of the Company.
Thus, the outstanding obligation to Bank of America was reduced to $1.3 million plus interest.
In addition to the limitations imposed on our operational flexibility by the BlueCrest Loan as described above, the BlueCrest Loan, our obligations to the Guarantors, and any other indebtedness incurred by us could have significant additional negative consequences, including, without limitation:
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requiring the dedication of a portion of our available cash to service our indebtedness, thereby reducing the amount of our cash available for other purposes, including funding our research and development programs and other capital expenditures;
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increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
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limiting our ability to obtain additional financing;
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limiting our ability to react to changes in technology or our business; and
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placing us at a possible competitive disadvantage to less leveraged competitors.
Risks Related to Product Development
All of our biologic product candidates are in an early stage of development and we may never succeed in developing and/or commercializing them. We depend heavily on the success of our MyoCell product candidate. If we are unable to commercialize MyoCell or any of our other product candidates or experience significant delays in doing so, our business may fail.
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We have invested a significant portion of our efforts and financial resources in our MyoCell product candidate and depend heavily on its success. MyoCell is currently being tested in clinical trials.
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We need to devote significant additional research and development, financial resources and personnel to develop commercially viable products, obtain regulatory approvals and establish a sales and marketing infrastructure.
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We are likely to encounter hurdles and unexpected issues as we proceed in the development of MyoCell and our other product candidates. There are many reasons that we may not succeed in our efforts to develop our product candidates, including the possibility that:
·
our product candidates will be deemed ineffective, unsafe or will not receive regulatory approvals;
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our product candidates will be too expensive to manufacture or market or will not achieve broad market acceptance;
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others will hold proprietary rights that will prevent us from marketing our product candidates; or
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our competitors will market products that are perceived as equivalent or superior.
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Risks Related to Commercialization of our Product Candidates
Our success will depend in part on establishing and maintaining effective strategic partnerships, collaborations and licensing agreements.
Our strategy for the development, testing, culturing and commercialization of our product candidates relies on establishing and maintaining numerous collaborations with various corporate partners, consultants, scientists, researchers, licensors, licensees and others. While we are continually in discussions with a number of companies, universities, research institutions, consultants, scientists, researchers, licensors, licensees and others to establish additional relationships and collaborations, which are typically complex and time consuming to negotiate, document and implement, we may not reach definitive agreements with any of them. Even if we enter into these arrangements, we may not be able to maintain these relationships or establish new ones in the future on acceptable terms.
Furthermore, any collaboration that we enter into may not be successful. The success of our collaboration arrangements, if any, will depend heavily on the efforts and activities of our collaborators. Possible future collaborations have risks, including the following:
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our collaboration agreements are likely to be for fixed terms and subject to termination by our collaborators in the event of a material breach or lack of scientific progress by us;
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our collaborators are likely to have the first right to maintain or defend our intellectual property rights and, although we would likely seek to secure the right to assume the maintenance and defense of our intellectual property rights if our collaborators do not, our ability to do so may be compromised by our collaborators' acts or omissions;
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our collaborators may utilize our intellectual property rights in such a way as to invite litigation that could jeopardize or invalidate our intellectual property rights or expose us to potential liability;
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our collaborators may underfund or not commit sufficient resources to the testing, marketing, distribution or development of our product candidates; and
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our collaborators may develop alternative products either on their own or in collaboration with others, or encounter conflicts of interest or changes in business strategy or other business issues, which could adversely affect their willingness or ability to fulfill their obligations to us.
These arrangements also may require us to grant certain rights to third parties, including exclusive marketing rights to one or more products, or may have other terms that are burdensome to us, and may involve the issuance of our securities. If any of our partners terminates its relationship with us or fails to perform its obligations in a timely manner, the development or commercialization of our technology and product candidates may be substantially delayed. Further, disputes may arise with our collaborators about inventorship and corresponding rights in know-how and inventions resulting from the joint creation or use of intellectual property by us and our collaborators.
Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property
We license substantially all of the intellectual property that is critical to our business. Any events or circumstances that result in the termination or limitation of our rights to such intellectual property could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Substantially all of the intellectual property that is critical to our business has been licensed to us by various third parties. The operative terms of some of our material license agreements are subject to risks of dispute with our licensors. Additionally, it is possible that the patent protection for such intellectual property or the term of the license of such intellectual property to us may expire prior to our commercialization of the products that rely on that intellectual property.
Under certain of our patent license agreements, we are subject to
development, payment, commercialization and other obligations and, if we fail to comply with any of these
requirements or otherwise breach those agreements, our licensors may have the right to terminate the license in whole or
in part, terminate the exclusive nature of the license to
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the extent such license is exclusive or otherwise limit our rights thereunder, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
For instance, on March 9, 2007, Dr. Law and Cell Transplants Asia (an entity wholly owned by Dr. Law), filed a complaint against us and Howard J. Leonhardt, our former Chairman of the Board, individually, in the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee alleging, among other things, certain breaches of our licensing agreement with them. On July 26, 2007, the court granted the motion to dismiss Mr. Leonhardt in his individual capacity but denied the motion to dismiss the claims against us. Dr. Law and Cell Transplants International are the licensors of the primary patent protecting MyoCell. See Item 3. Legal Proceedings for a description of this litigation. While the complaint did not appear to challenge our rights to license this patent and we believe this lawsuit was without merit, this litigation could have adversely impacted upon our MyoCell commercialization efforts and have had a significant negative impact on our results of operations and financial condition
On March 13, 2009, the Court rendered its decision in the Action, dismissing the amended complaint after finding that Plaintiffs had failed to establish any of their 12 remaining claims. With respect to Plaintiffs claim for the $3 million milestone payment, the Court found that the payment was payable only to CTI, not the Plaintiffs, and that CTI, a dissolved Tennessee limited liability company, had never been made a party to the Action and therefore was not properly before the Court. The Court also found that, even assuming Plaintiffs could assert a claim for the milestone payment on behalf of CTI, the payment was not due because Biohearts MyoCell process does not utilize technology claimed under the 141 patent. In addition, the Court found that Bioheart owed no royalties because it has not yet made any gross sales of MyoCell.
The Court found in Biohearts favor on its counterclaim seeking a declaration that the License Addendum was a valid and enforceable agreement and its counterclaim that Dr. Law breached his obligation under the License Addendum to provide Bioheart with all pertinent and critical information related to our filing of an IND application with the FDA. The Court awarded Bioheart nominal damages of $1.00 on the latter counterclaim, and dismissed Biohearts other counterclaims. Judgment upon the Memorandum Opinion and Order was entered on March 18, 2009.
Subsequent to the Court rendering its decision in the Action, the Plaintiffs filed a motion with the Court seeking reconsideration of its decision. The Companys response was filed on April 20, 2009, and the Courts response was received on October 15, 2009. The Plaintiffs motion to alter or amend was granted in part to clarify that Plaintiff failed to prove that the MyoCath catheter reads upon the claims of a patent other than the Schmidt catheter patent. Plaintiffs motion was otherwise denied.
Dr. Law had until November 16, 2009, to file an appeal to this decision. He did not file an appeal.
Any termination or limitation of, or loss of exclusivity under, our exclusive or conditionally exclusive license agreements would have a material adverse effect on us and could delay or completely terminate our product development efforts.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
An active, liquid and orderly trading market for our common stock may not develop.
Prior to our initial public offering, there was no public market for our common stock. Our common stock commenced trading on the NASDAQ Global Market on February 19, 2008 and transferred to the NASDAQ Capital Market in June 2008. On October 15, 2008, we received notification from The NASDAQ Stock Market indicating that we were not in compliance with certain of the NASDAQ Capital Market continued listing requirements, including a minimum $35 million market value of our listed securities. We were permitted until November 14, 2008, to regain compliance with the minimum market value of listed securities requirement. On November 17, 2008, we received a NASDAQ Staff Determination indicating that we had failed to regain compliance with the $35 million minimum market value of listed securities requirement, and that our securities were, therefore, subject to delisting from The NASDAQ Capital Market. We appealed the Staff Determination and requested a hearing before a NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Panel (the Panel) to review the Staff Determination. This stayed the delisting of our securities pending the Panels decision.
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On February 25, 2009, we received notification from The NASDAQ Stock Market of its determination to discontinue our NASDAQ listing effective February 27, 2009. We filed for quotation of our common stock on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board and that application was approved by FINRA on May 13, 2009.
We cannot offer any assurance that an active trading market for our common stock will develop or how liquid that market may become. As a result, relatively small trades may have a disproportionate impact on the price of our common stock, which may contribute to the price volatility of our common stock and could limit your ability to sell your shares.
The market price of our common stock could also be subject to wide fluctuations in response to many risk factors described in this section and other matters, including:
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publications of clinical trial results by clinical investigators or others about our products and competitors' products and/or our industry;
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changes by securities analysts in financial estimates of our operating results and the operating results of our competitors;
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publications of research reports by securities analysts about us, our competitors or our industry;
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fluctuations in the valuation of companies perceived by investors to be comparable to us;
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actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly or annual operating results;
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retention and departures of key personnel;
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our failure or the failure of our competitors to meet analysts' projections or guidance that we or our competitors may give to the market;
·
strategic decisions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions, divestitures, spin-offs, joint ventures, strategic investments or changes in business strategy;
·
the passage of legislation or other regulatory developments affecting us or our industry;
·
speculation in the press or investment community; and
·
natural disasters, terrorist acts, acts of war or periods of widespread civil unrest.
Furthermore, the stock markets have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected and continue to affect the market prices of equity securities of many companies, especially life sciences and pharmaceutical companies. These fluctuations often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. These broad market and industry fluctuations, as well as general economic, political and market conditions, may negatively affect the market price of our common stock. As a result, the market price of our common stock is likely to be similarly volatile and investors in our common stock may experience a decrease, which could be substantial, in the value of their stock. In the past, many companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and divert our management's attention from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Anti-takeover provisions of Florida law, our articles of incorporation and our bylaws may prevent or delay an acquisition of us that shareholders may consider favorable or attempts to replace or remove our management that could be beneficial to our shareholders.
Our articles of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions, such as the right of our directors to issue preferred stock from time to time with voting, economic and other rights superior to those of our common stock without the consent of our shareholders, all of which could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us without the consent of our board of directors. In addition, our bylaws impose restrictions on the persons who may call special shareholder meetings. Furthermore, the Florida Business Corporation Act contains an affiliated transaction provision that prohibits a publicly-held Florida corporation from engaging in a broad range of business combinations or other extraordinary corporate
37
transactions with an interested shareholder unless, among others, (i) the transaction is approved by a majority of disinterested directors before the person becomes an interested shareholder; (ii) the interested shareholder has owned at least 80% of the corporation's outstanding voting shares for at least five years; or (iii) the transaction is approved by the holders of two-thirds of the corporation's voting shares other than those owned by the interested shareholder. An interested shareholder is defined as a person who together with affiliates and associates beneficially owns more than 10% of the corporation's outstanding voting shares. The Florida Business Corporation Act also prohibits the voting of shares in a publicly-held Florida corporation that are acquired in a control share acquisition unless the holders of a majority of the corporation's voting shares (exclusive of shares held by officers of the corporation, inside directors or the acquiring party) approve the granting of voting rights as to the shares acquired in the control share acquisition or unless the acquisition is approved by the corporation's Board of Directors. These provisions may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of our company even if this change of control would benefit our shareholders.
We do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future and, accordingly, capital appreciation of our common stock, if any, will be a shareholder's sole source of gain from an investment in our common stock.
Our policy is to retain earnings to provide funds for the operation and expansion of our business and, accordingly, we have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock or other securities and do not currently anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, shareholders will need to sell shares of our common stock to realize a return on their investments, if any and this capital appreciation, if any, will be a shareholder's sole source of gain from an investment in the common stock. The declaration and payment of dividends by us are subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and the restrictions specified in our articles of incorporation and by applicable law. In addition, under the terms of the BlueCrest Loan, we are restricted from paying cash dividends to our shareholders while this loan is outstanding. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will depend on our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.
Our common stock may be considered a penny stock, and thereby be subject to additional sale and trading regulations that may make it more difficult to sell.
Our common stock is considered to be a penny stock. It does not qualify for one of the exemptions from the definition of penny stock under Section 3a51-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Our common stock isbe a penny stock because it meets one or more of the following conditions (i) the stock trades at a price less than $5.00 per share; (ii) it is not traded on a recognized national exchange or (iii) it is not quoted on the NASDAQ Global Market, or has a price less than $5.00 per share. The principal result or effect of being designated a penny stock is that securities broker-dealers participating in sales of our common stock are subject to the penny stock regulations set forth in Rules 15-2 through 15g-9 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act. For example, Rule 15g-2 requires broker-dealers dealing in penny stocks to provide potential investors with a document disclosing the risks of penny stocks and to obtain a manually signed and dated written receipt of the document at least two business days before effecting any transaction in a penny stock for the investor's account. Moreover, Rule 15g-9 requires broker-dealers in penny stocks to approve the account of any investor for transactions in such stocks before selling any penny stock to that investor. This procedure requires the broker-dealer to (i) obtain from the investor information concerning his or her financial situation, investment experience and investment objectives; (ii) reasonably determine, based on that information, that transactions in penny stocks are suitable for the investor and that the investor has sufficient knowledge and experience as to be reasonably capable of evaluating the risks of penny stock transactions; (iii) provide the investor with a written statement setting forth the basis on which the broker-dealer made the determination in (ii) above; and (iv) receive a signed and dated copy of such statement from the investor, confirming that it accurately reflects the investor's financial situation, investment experience and investment objectives. Compliance with these requirements may make it more difficult and time consuming for holders of our common stock to resell their shares to third parties or to otherwise dispose of them in the market or otherwise.
38
Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.
Item 2.
Properties
Our headquarters are located in Sunrise, Florida and consists of 6,091 square feet of space, which we lease at a current rent of approximately $80,000 per year. The lease is scheduled to expire in January 2013. In addition to our corporate offices, at this location, we maintain:
·
our MyoCell cell culturing facility for supply within the United States; and
·
a fully equipped cell culturing laboratory where we perform experimental work in the areas of cell culturing, cell engraftment, and other advanced research projects related to our core business.
We believe the space available at our headquarters will be sufficient to meet the needs of our operations for the foreseeable future.
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
On March 13, 2009, Judge Bernice Bouie Donald of the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee issued a Memorandum Opinion and Order in litigation brought against us by Dr. Peter K. Law and Cell Transplants Asia Limited (CTAL) (collectively, the Plaintiffs), captioned Peter K. Law, et al. v. Bioheart, Inc., No. 2:07-cv-2177 (the Action). The Action, which has been the subject of previous disclosures by us, was commenced on March 9, 2007, and asserted claims against us and Howard J. Leonhardt, individually, with respect to a license agreement entered into between Bioheart, Inc. and Cell Transplants International, LLC (CTI) on February 7, 2000 (the Original License Agreement). Pursuant to the Original License Agreement, among other things, CTI granted us a license to certain patents related to heart muscle regeneration and angiogenesis for the life of the patents. In July 2000, we and CTI, together with Dr. Law, executed an addendum to the Original License Agreement, which amended or superseded a number of the terms of the Original License Agreement (the License Addendum).
In their amended complaint, Dr. Law and CTAL asserted 14 breach of contract and related claims pertaining to the Original License Agreement and License Addendum, including, among others, claims that we had breached obligations to provide shares of Bioheart common stock to Dr. Law, pay royalties on gross sales of MyoCell, pay a $3 million milestone payment due upon our commencement of a bona fide Phase II human clinical trial study that utilizes technology claimed under U.S. Patent No. 5,130,141 with FDA approval in the United States, and to refrain from sublicensing Plaintiffs patents. Plaintiffs also sought a declaratory judgment that the License Addendum was unenforceable due to a lack of consideration and/or economic duress. At the outset of the Action, the individual claim against Mr. Leonhardt was dismissed along with Plaintiffs claim for civil conspiracy, leaving 12 claims to be adjudicated.
We denied the material allegations of the amended complaint, denied we had any liability to Plaintiffs, and asserted a number of defenses to Plaintiffs claims, as well as counterclaims seeking a declaration that the License Addendum was a legally valid and binding agreement and asserting that Dr. Law and/or CTI had breached various obligations in the parties agreements.
Following the completion of discovery, the Action was tried to the Court, without a jury, from September 22-25, 2008.
On March 13, 2009, the Court rendered its decision in the Action, dismissing the amended complaint after finding that Plaintiffs had failed to establish any of their 12 remaining claims. With respect to Plaintiffs claim for the $3 million milestone payment, the Court found that the payment was payable only to CTI, not the Plaintiffs, and that CTI, a dissolved Tennessee limited liability company, had never been made a party to the Action and therefore was not properly before the Court. The Court also found that, even assuming Plaintiffs could assert a claim for the milestone payment on behalf of CTI, the payment was not due because Biohearts MyoCell process does not utilize technology
39
claimed under the 141 patent. In addition, the Court found that we owed no royalties because we have not yet made any gross sales of MyoCell.
The Court found in our favor on our counterclaim seeking a declaration that the License Addendum was a valid and enforceable agreement and our counterclaim that Dr. Law breached his obligation under the License Addendum to provide Bioheart with all pertinent and critical information related to our filing of an IND application with the FDA. The Court awarded us nominal damages of $1.00 on the latter counterclaim, and dismissed our other counterclaims. Judgment upon the Memorandum Opinion and Order was entered on March 18, 2009.
Subsequent to the Court rendering its decision in the Action, the Plaintiffs filed a motion with the Court seeking reconsideration of its decision.
Subsequent to the Court rendering its decision in the Action, the Plaintiffs filed a motion with the Court seeking reconsideration of its decision. The Companys response was filed on April 20, 2009, and the Courts response was received on October 15, 2009. The Plaintiffs motion to alter or amend was granted in part to clarify that Plaintiff failed to prove that the MyoCath catheter reads upon the claims of a patent other than the Schmidt catheter patent. Plaintiffs motion was otherwise denied.
Dr. Law was given until November 16, 2009, to file an appeal of that decision. He did not file an appeal.
As previously disclosed, on October 24, 2007, we completed the MyoCell implantation procedure on the first patient in our MARVEL Trial. As a result of the claim set forth in the litigation discussed above, we recorded an accrual for $3 million in the fourth quarter of 2007, which was included in accrued expenses as of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. That accrual is no longer present on our financials as of December 31, 2009.
Except as described above, we are not presently engaged in any material litigation and are unaware of any threatened material litigation. However, the biotechnology and medical device industries have been characterized by extensive litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights. In addition, from time to time, we may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising from the ordinary course of our business.
Item 4.
Risks Related to Recent Healthcare Reform Legislation
The healthcare industry is undergoing fundamental changes resulting from political, economic and regulatory influences. In the United States, comprehensive programs have been proposed that seek to increase access to healthcare for the uninsured, to control the escalation of healthcare expenditures within the economy and to use healthcare reimbursement policies to balance the federal budget. On March 23, 2010, health reform legislation was approved by Congress and has been signed into law. The reform legislation provides that most individuals must have health insurance, will establish new regulations on health plans, create insurance pooling mechanisms and other expanded public health care measures, and impose new taxes on sales of medical devices and pharmaceuticals. Since this legislation is recently enacted and will require the adoption of implementing regulations, we cannot predict the effect, if any, that it will have on our business, but this legislation and similar federal and state initiatives may have the effect of lowering reimbursements for our products, reducing medical procedure volumes, increasing our taxes and otherwise adversely affect our business, possibly materially.
We expect that Congress and state legislatures will continue to review and assess healthcare proposals, and public debate of these issues will likely continue. We cannot predict which, if any, of such reform proposals will be adopted and when they might be adopted. Other countries also are considering healthcare reform. Significant changes in healthcare systems could have a substantial impact on the manner in which we conduct our business and could require us to revise our strategies.
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PART II
Item 5.
Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market Information
Our common stock, par value $0.001 per share, commenced trading on February 19, 2008, on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol BHRT. Effective June 11, 2008, we transferred the listing of our common stock to the NASDAQ Capital Market and then, during the course of 2009 to the Over the Counter Bulletin Board. The following table sets forth the range of high and low sales prices as reported for the periods indicated.
| Sales Price | ||
Period | High |
| Low |
January 2, 2009 through March 31, 2009 | $1.30 |
| $0.30 |
Second quarter ended June 30, 2009 | $0.90 |
| $0.51 |
Third quarter ended September 30, 2009 | $2.50 |
| $0.30 |
Fourth quarter ended December 31, 2009 | $1.85 |
| $0.70 |
On October 15, 2008, we received notification from The NASDAQ Stock Market indicating that we were not in compliance with certain of the NASDAQ Capital Market continued listing requirements, including a minimum $35 million market value of our listed securities. We were permitted until November 14, 2008, to regain compliance with the minimum market value of listed securities requirement. On November 17, 2008, we received a NASDAQ Staff Determination indicating that we had failed to regain compliance with the $35 million minimum market value of listed securities requirement, and that our securities were, therefore, subject to delisting from The NASDAQ Capital Market. We appealed the Staff Determination and requested a hearing before a NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Panel (the Panel) to review the Staff Determination. This stayed the delisting of our securities pending the Panels decision.
On February 25, 2009, we received notification from The NASDAQ Stock Market of its determination to discontinue our NASDAQ listing effective February 27, 2009. We filed for quotation of our common stock on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board and that application was approved by FINRA on May 13, 2009.
Holders
As of February 19, 2010 there were approximately 384 shareholders of record of our common stock and approximately 1,550 beneficial owners of our common stock.
Dividends
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock or other securities and do not currently anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The declaration and payment of dividends by us are subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and the restrictions specified in our articles of incorporation and by applicable law. In addition, under the terms of the BlueCrest Loan, we are restricted from paying cash dividends to our shareholders while this loan is outstanding. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will depend on our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.
Securities Authorized For Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
The following table provides certain information regarding our existing equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2009:
41
|
| Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options |
| Weighted- average exercise price of outstanding options |
| Number of securities remaining available for issuance under equity compensation plans |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (1) |
| 2,119,431 |
| $3.28 |
| 5,953,315 |
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders (2) |
| 7,355,057 |
| $3.06 |
| 0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
Consists of our 1999 Officers and Employees Stock Option Plan, 1999 Directors and Consultants Stock Option Plan and Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan
(2)
Includes:
·
a warrant issued to Tissue Genesis, Inc. to purchase 1,544,450 shares of our common stock at $7.69 per share, which expires in December 2026 (See Note 3 Collaborative License and Research/Development Agreements of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements);
·
warrants issued to the Guarantors in connection with the Bank of America Loan to purchase an aggregate of 495,780 shares of our common stock at $7.69 per share, which expire at various dates from May 2017 through October 2017 (See Note 6 Notes Payable Bank of America Note Payable of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements);
·
a warrant issued to one of our officers to purchase 188,423 shares of our common stock at $5.67 per share, which expires in August 2016;
·
warrants issued to BlueCrest Capital in connection with the BlueCrest Loan to purchase an aggregate of 3,137,838 shares of our common stock at prices ranging from $7.69 to $0.53 per share, which expire at various dates April 2019 through December 2019 (See Note 6 Notes Payable BlueCrest Capital Finance Note Payable of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements);
·
a warrant issued to a strategic partner to purchase 32,515 shares of our common stock at $7.69 per share, which expires in February 2016;
·
warrants issued to consultants to purchase an aggregate of 154,411 shares of our common stock at prices ranging from $1.09 to $6.00 per share, which expire at various dates from April 2013 through September 2017;
·
warrants issued to the underwriters of our initial public offering in February 2008 to purchase an aggregate of 77,000 shares of our common stock at $6.56 per share, which expire in February 2013; and
·
warrants issued in connection with our private placement in October 2008 to purchase an aggregate of 1,172,845 shares of our common stock at prices ranging from $0.59 to $2.60 per share, which expire at various dates October 2011 through October 2012;
·
warrants issued in connection with our private placement in December 2009 to purchase an aggregate of 76,752 shares of our common stock at prices ranging from $0.79 to $0.95 per share, which expire in December 2012;
·
warrants issued in connection with Short Term Payables to purchase an aggregate of 475,043 shares of our common stock at prices ranging from $0.61 to $0.5321 per share, which expire at various dates April 2019 through September 2019 (See Note 6 Notes Payable Short-term Note Payable of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements);
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
During 2009, we issued the following securities, not previously disclosed in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2009, June 30, 2009 and September 30, 2009, in unregistered transactions pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
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We issued 195,125 shares of our common stock upon the exercise of stock options. This issuance was deemed exempt from registration under the Securities Act, pursuant to Rule 701 thereunder. In accordance with Rule 701, the shares were issued pursuant to a written compensatory benefit plan and/or written compensation contract and the issuance did not exceed 15% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock, calculated in accordance with the provisions of Rule 701.
On April 1, 2009, we issued 612,240 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.59, for aggregate proceeds of $300,000.
On April 16, 2009, we issued 87,720 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.68, for aggregate proceeds of $50,000.
On May 14, 2009, we issued 202,940 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.82, for aggregate proceeds of $138,000.
On May 29, 2009, we issued 62,670 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.90, for aggregate proceeds of $47,000.
On June 4, 2009, we issued 43,240 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.89, for aggregate proceeds of $32,000.
On June 11, 2009, we issued 64,790 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.85, for aggregate proceeds of $46,000.
On July 1, 2009, we issued 140,850 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.85, for aggregate proceeds of $100,000.
On August 17, 2009, we issued 255,640 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.74, for aggregate proceeds of $158,500.
On August 21, 2009, we issued 363,210 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.64, for aggregate proceeds of $192,500.
On September 2, 2009, we issued 320,000 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.73, for aggregate proceeds of $195,200.
On September 14, 2009, we issued 9,500 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.25, for aggregate proceeds of $9,880.
On September 15, 2009, we issued 82,700 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.60, for aggregate proceeds of $110,002.
On September 16, 2009, we issued 33,110 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.81, for aggregate proceeds of $50,000.
On September 17, 2009, we issued 6,100 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.97, for aggregate proceeds of $10,000.
On October 1, 2009, we issued 30,490 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.97, for aggregate proceeds of $50,000.
On October 2, 2009, we issued 31,000 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.94, for aggregate proceeds of $50,220.
On October 12, 2009, we issued 114,740 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common
43
stock at an exercise price of $1.62, for aggregate proceeds of $154,900.
On October 21, 2009, we issued 48,540 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.24, for aggregate proceeds of $50,000.
On December 3, 2009, we issued 120,260 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.95, for aggregate proceeds of $94,996.
On December 17, 2009, we issued 69,440 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.86, for aggregate proceeds of $50,000.
On December 18, 2009, we issued 7,040 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.85, for aggregate proceeds of $5,000.
On December 30, 2009, we issued 59,090 shares of our common stock and warrants for the purchase of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.79, for aggregate proceeds of $39,000.
Each of the listed sales was exempt from registration in reliance upon Section 4(s) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), for transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering. The offer and sale of such securities was made without general solicitation or advertising to accredited investors as defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D promulgated by the Securities Act.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
None.
Use of Proceeds
During 2009, we raised $1,859,822, million of cash proceeds from the unregistered sales listed above, all of which was used for working capital and general corporate purposes, including $454,000 for the payment of fees and interest on the Blue Crest Loan.
Item 6.
Selected Financial Data
Not applicable
Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis by our management of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act, and we intend that such forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbors created thereby. These forward-looking statements are based on our managements beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to our management. Any such forward-looking statements would be contained principally in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Risk Factors. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities and the effects of regulation. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by terms such as anticipates, believes, could, estimates, expects, hopes, intends, may, plans, potential, predicts, projects, should, will, would or similar expressions.
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Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. We discuss many of these risks in greater detail in Risk Factors. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Also, forward-looking statements represent our managements beliefs and assumptions only as of the date of this report. You should read this report and the documents that we reference in this report and have filed as exhibits to the report completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.
Our Ability To Continue as a Going Concern
Our independent registered public accounting firm has issued its report dated, March 31, 2010 in connection with the audit of our financial statements as of December 31, 2009 that included an explanatory paragraph describing the existence of conditions that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2009 have been prepared under the assumption that we will continue as a going concern. If we are not able to continue as a going concern, it is likely that holders of our common stock will lose all of their investment. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Overview
We are committed to maintaining our leading position within the cardiovascular sector of the cell technology industry, delivering cell therapies, intelligent devices and biologics that help address congestive heart failure, lower limb ischemia, chronic heart ischemia, acute myocardial infarctions and other issues. We work to prevent the worsening of any condition with devices that monitor and diagnose. Our goals are to cause damaged tissue to be regenerated, if possible, and to improve a patient's quality of life and reduce health care costs and hospitalizations.
Biotechnology Product Candidates
Specific to biotechnology, we are focused on the discovery, development and, subject to regulatory approval, commercialization of autologous cell therapies for the treatment of chronic and acute heart damage and peripheral vascular disease. MyoCell is a clinical muscle-derived cell therapy designed to populate regions of scar tissue within a patient's heart with new living cells for the purpose of improving cardiac function in chronic heart failure patients. Our most recent clinical trials of MyoCell include the SEISMIC Trial, a completed 40-patient, randomized, multicenter, controlled, Phase II-a study conducted in Europe and the MYOHEART Trial, a completed 20-patient, multicenter, Phase I dose-escalation trial conducted in the United States. We were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the FDA) to proceed with a 330-patient, multicenter Phase II/III trial of MyoCell in North America and Europe (the MARVEL Trial). We completed the MyoCell implantation procedure on the first patient in the MARVEL Trial on October 24, 2007. Thus far, 20 patients, including 6 control patients, have been treated. Initial results for the 20 patients were released at the Heart Failure Society of American meeting in October, 2009, showing a dramatic (35%) improvement in the 6 minute walk for those patients who were treated, and no improvement for those who received a placebo. We are planning, on the basis of these results, to ask the FDA to consider the MARVEL Trial a pivotal trial (pivotal from Phase II to Phase III) and to reduce the number of patients in the trial to 150.. The SEISMIC, MYOHEART and MARVEL Trials have been designed to test the safety and efficacy of MyoCell in treating patients with severe, chronic damage to the heart. Upon regulatory approval of MyoCell, we intend to generate revenue in the United States from the sale of MyoCell cell-culturing services for treatment of patients by qualified physicians. Abroad, we are identifying centers where it is acceptable to use the Myocell treatment so that patients with this problem can have access to treatment.
We received approval from the FDA in July of 2009 to conduct a Phase I safety study on 15 patients of a combined therapy (Myocell with SDF-1), the first approval of a study combining gene and cell therapies. Work commenced on this study, called the REGEN trial, during the first quarter of 2010. Based on the results of the trial, we intend to either incorporate the
45
combined treatment into the MARVEL trial, or continue with the MARVEL trial based on the use of Myocell alone.
In our pipeline, we have multiple product candidates for the treatment of heart damage, including Bioheart Acute Cell Therapy, an autologous, adipose cell treatment for acute heart damage designed to be used in connection with the TGI 1200™ tissue processing system, and MyoCell® SDF-1. Tissue Genesis, Inc., the entity from whom we have obtained the worldwide right to sell or lease the TGI 1200™ announced on November 13, 2008 that the TGI 1200™ had been certified with a CE Marking, thus making the system available throughout the European marketplace. We understand that Tissue Genesis is in the process of evaluating the regulatory pathway that should be pursued for the TGI 1200™ device. We hope to demonstrate that our various product candidates are safe and effective complements to existing therapies for chronic and acute heart damage.
Intelligent Devices - Distribution Agreements
Effective as of April 3, 2008, we entered into a distribution agreement with RTX Healthcare A/S (Denmark) (RTX) pursuant to which we secured worldwide, non-exclusive distribution rights to the Bioheart 3370 Heart Failure Monitor, an interactive and simple-to-use at-home intelligent device designed specifically to improve available healthcare to patients outside hospitals who are suffering from heart failure. The device, manufactured by RTX, has 510(k) market clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for marketing in the United States and CE mark approval for marketing in Europe and other countries that follow this mark. The compact Bioheart 3370 Heart Failure Monitor engages patients through personalized daily interactions and questions, while collecting vital signs and transmitting the information directly into a database. The data are regularly monitored by a remotely located medical professional, who watches for any abnormal readings that may signal a change in the patient's health status. These changes are reported back to the treating physician. We do not have any minimum purchase commitment under the agreement. However, the per unit purchase price payable by us is inversely related to the number of units we purchase per annum. The distribution agreement has an initial term of two years and is subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates an intent to terminate the agreement prior to the end of the then current term. The distribution agreement may be terminated by either party upon the other partys default.
The company has signed distribution agreements with Restoration Medical, McRay Medical, Alamo Scientific and Morey Medical. These distributors will assist Bioheart with introducing its Home Heart Failure Monitoring Systems to physicians and hospitals throughout the United States. McRay Medical will distribute the systems in Northern California; Alamo Scientific will distribute in Texas, Louisiana and Arkansas; Morey Medical will distribute in Okalahoma and parts of Kansas; Restoration Medical will distribute the monitoring systems in the rest of the country.
Effective as of October 22, 2009, the Company entered into a distribution agreement with Morey Medical Inc. pursuant to which Morey was granted exclusive rights to market and promote the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor throughout a specific territory. In consideration for identifying purchasers who purchase or rent the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor from the Company, the Company will pay to Morey a set fee. Morey is required to meet certain quarterly minimum purchase commitments under the agreement. The agreement has an initial term of one year and is subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates intent to terminate the agreement no less than 60 days prior to the end of the then current term.
Effective as of December 10, 2009, the Company entered into a distribution agreement with McRay Medical, LLC, pursuant to which McRay was granted exclusive rights to market and promote the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor throughout a specific territory. In consideration for identifying purchasers who purchase or rent the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor from the Company the Company will pay to McRay a set fee. McRay is required to meet certain quarterly minimum purchase commitments under the agreement. The agreement has an initial term of one year and is subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates intent to terminate the agreement no less than 60 days prior to the end of the then current term.
Effective as of October 22, 2009, the Company entered into a distribution agreement with Alamo Scientific, Inc. pursuant to which Alamo was granted exclusive rights to market and promote the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor throughout a specific territory. In consideration for identifying purchasers who purchase or rent the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitor from the Company the Company will pay to Alamo a set fee. Alamo is required to meet certain quarterly minimum purchase commitments under the agreement. The agreement has an initial term of one year and is
46
subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates intent to terminate the agreement no less than 60 days prior to the end of the then current term.
Effective as of December 18, 2009, the Company entered into a distribution agreement with Restoration Medical Inc. pursuant to which Restoration was granted exclusive rights to market the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitoring System throughout those territories not covered by Morey Medical, McRay Medical and Alamo Scientific. In consideration for identifying purchasers who purchase or lease the Bioheart 3370-1 Heart Failure Monitoring System from the Company, the Company will pay to Restoration a set fee. Restoration is required to meet certain quarterly minimum purchase commitments under the agreement. The agreement has an initial term of one year and is subject to automatic renewal for additional one-year periods unless either party indicates intent to terminate the agreement no less than 60 days prior to the end of the then current term.
The heart failure monitors are reimbursed by Medicare to the home health companies. In 2009, reimbursement was added to the National Episode Rate for cardiac patients. The monitors in conjunction with the nurses visit are essential to the well being of chronic heart failure patients. Care Plan Oversight (CPO) reimbursement also allows physicians to bill Medicare for their time overseeing the care of home care or hospice patients.
We conduct operations in one business segment. We may organize our business into more discrete business units when and if we generate significant revenue from the sale of our product candidates. Our revenue since inception has been generated inside and outside the United States, and the majority of our long-lived assets are located in the United States.
Financial Operations Overview
Revenues
We have not generated any material revenues from our MyoCell product candidate. The revenues we have recognized to date are related to (i) sales of MyoCath to ACS and other parties, (ii) fees associated with our assignment to ACS of our rights relating to the primary patent covering MyoCath, or the Primary MyoCath Patent, (iii) revenues generated from paid registry trials, (iv) revenues from the sale of the TGI system (v) revenues generated for providing cell culturing services under exclusive supply agreements.
We expect to generate revenue in 2010 from the sale of our intelligent devices. However, as our distribution network for our heart monitoring systems has recently been put into place, it is not possible to determine the level of revenue we will achieve from the sale of these devices. Our revenue may vary substantially from quarter to quarter and from year to year. We believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not meaningful and should not be relied upon as indicative of our future performance.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales consists of the costs associated with the production of MyoCath, the purchase of heart monitoring system components, and the purchase of TGI system components.
Cost of sales was $205,014 in the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2009 compared to $10,962 in the twelve-months ended December 31, 2008. The cost per catheter sold in the twelve-month periods ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 were approximately the same. However, a portion of the catheters sold in 2008 had no inventory cost as they had been written off in prior years.
47
Research and Development
Our research and development expenses consist of costs incurred in identifying, developing and testing our product candidates. These expenses consist primarily of costs related to our clinical trials, the acquisition of intellectual property licenses and preclinical studies. We expense research and development costs as incurred.
Clinical trial expenses include costs related to the culture and preparation of cells in connection with our clinical trials, costs of contract research, costs of clinical trial facilities, costs of delivery systems, salaries and related expenses for clinical personnel and insurance costs. Preclinical study expenses include costs of contract research, salaries and related expenses for personnel, costs of development biopsies, costs of delivery systems and costs of lab supplies.
We are focused on the development of a number of autologous cell-based therapies, and related devices, for the treatment of heart damage. Accordingly, many of our costs are not attributable to a specifically identified product candidate. We use our employee and infrastructure resources across several projects, and we do not account for internal research and development costs on a product candidate by product candidate basis. From inception through December 31, 2009, we incurred aggregate research and development costs of approximately $62.4million related to our product candidates. We estimate that at least $12.6 million and 32.7 million of these expenses relate to our preclinical and clinical development of MyoCell, respectively, and at least $1.8 million and $3.4 million of these expenses relate to our preclinical and clinical development of MyoCath, respectively.
During the third quarter 2009, the Company received notification that approximately $630K in pending projects (Indiana University, University of Florida, Northwestern University, and other sites) were completed, however, the invoicing had not been received as of September 30, 2009. As of December 31, 2009 of the $630k the Company still has an accrual of $543,000 for the completed contracts.
Clinical trials and preclinical studies are time-consuming and expensive. Our expenditures on current and future preclinical and clinical development programs are subject to many uncertainties. We generally test our products in several preclinical studies and then conduct clinical trials for those product candidates that we determine to be the most promising. As we obtain results from clinical trials, we may elect to discontinue or delay trials for some product candidates in order to focus our resources on more promising product candidates. Completion of clinical trials may take several years or more, but the length of time generally varies substantially according to the type, size of trial and intended use of the product candidate.
Due to the risks inherent in the clinical trial process, development completion dates and costs vary significantly for each product candidate, are difficult to estimate and are likely to change as clinical trials progress.
The cost of clinical trials may vary significantly over the life of a project as a result of a variety of factors, including the number of patients who participate in the clinical trials, the number of sites included in the clinical trials, the length of time required to enroll trial participants, the efficacy and safety profile of our product candidates and the costs and timing of and our ability to secure regulatory approvals.
Marketing, General and Administrative
Our marketing, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of the costs associated with our general management and clinical marketing and trade programs, including, but not limited to, salaries and related expenses for executive, administrative and marketing personnel, rent, insurance, legal and accounting fees, consulting fees, travel and entertainment expenses, conference costs and other clinical marketing and trade program expenses.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation reflects our recognition as an expense of the value of stock options and other equity instruments issued to our employees and non-employees over the vesting period of the options and other equity instruments. We have granted to our employees options to purchase shares of common stock at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the underlying shares of common stock at the time of each grant, as determined by our Board of Directors, with input from management.
In valuing our common stock, our Board of Directors considered a number of factors, including, but not limited to:
·
our financial position and historical financial performance;
·
the illiquidity of our capital stock as a private company prior to our IPO;
·
arm's length sales of our common stock;
48
·
the development status of our product candidates;
·
the business risks we face;
·
vesting restrictions imposed upon the equity awards;
·
an evaluation and benchmark of our competitors; and
·
the prospects of a liquidity event, such as our initial public offering in February 2008.
During 2009 and 2008, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $132,609 and $1.7 million, respectively. We intend to grant stock options and other stock-based compensation in the future and we may therefore recognize additional stock-based compensation in connection with these future grants.
Interest Expense
On June 1, 2007, we entered into the BlueCrest Loan and the Bank of America Loan, both in the principal amount of $5.0 million, with current interest rates of 12.85% and 4.75%, respectively. Interest expense in 2009, 2008, and 2007 primarily consists of interest incurred on the principal amount of the BlueCrest Loan and the Bank of America Loan, accrued fees and interest payable to the Guarantors, the amortization of related deferred loan costs and the amortization of the fair value of warrants issued in connection with the loans. The deferred loan costs and fair value of warrants issued in connection with the loans are being amortized to interest expense over the terms of the respective loans using the effective interest method.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. While our critical accounting policies are described in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report, we believe the following policies are important to understanding and evaluating our reported financial results:
Stock-Based Compensation
On January 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, Share-Based Payment (SFAS No. 123R) using the modified prospective transition method. SFAS No. 123R requires us to measure all share-based payment awards granted after January 1, 2006, including those with employees, at fair value. Under SFAS No. 123R, the fair value of stock options and other share-based compensation must be recognized as expense in the statements of operations over the requisite service period of each award.
The fair value of share-based awards granted subsequent to January 1, 2006 is determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model and compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the awards. Beginning January 1, 2006, we also began recognizing compensation expense under SFAS No. 123R for the unvested portions of outstanding share-based awards previously granted under our stock option plans, over the periods these awards continue to vest. Our future share-based compensation expense will depend on the number of equity instruments granted and the estimated value of the underlying common stock at the date of grant.
We account for certain share-based awards, including warrants, with non-employees in accordance with SFAS No. 123R and related guidance, including EITF Issue No. 96-18, Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services. We estimate the fair value of such awards using the Black-Scholes valuation model at each reporting period and expense the fair value over the vesting period of the share-based award, which is generally the period in which services are provided.
49
Revenue Recognition
Since inception, we have not generated any material revenues from our MyoCell product candidate. In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements, as amended by SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition, our revenue policy is to recognize revenues from product sales and service transactions generally when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determined, collection is reasonably assured and delivery of product or service has occurred.
We initially recorded payments received by us pursuant to our agreements with ACS as deferred revenue. Revenues are recognized on a pro rata basis as the catheters are delivered pursuant to those agreements.
Research and Development Activities
Research and development expenditures, including payments to collaborative research partners, are charged to expense as incurred. We expense amounts paid to obtain patents or acquire licenses as the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid is uncertain.
Results of Operations
We are a development stage company and our MyoCell product candidate has not received regulatory approval or generated any material revenues and is not expected to until 2011 if ever. We have generated substantial net losses and negative cash flow from operations since inception and anticipate incurring significant net losses and negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future as we continue clinical trials, undertake new clinical trials, apply for regulatory approvals, make capital expenditures, add information systems and personnel, make payments pursuant to our license agreements upon our achievement of certain milestones, continue development of additional product candidates using our technology, establish sales and marketing capabilities and incur the additional cost of operating as a public company.
Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008
Revenues
We recognized revenues of $359,800 in 2009 compared to revenues of $57,051 in 2008. Our revenue in 2009 was generated from the sale of MyoCath catheters and from sales of our TGI system.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales was $205,014 in 2009 compared to $10,962 in 2008. The manufacturing cost per catheter sold in the twelve month period ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 were approximately the same.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses were $2.5 million in 2009, a decrease of $3.7 million from research and development expenses of $6.2 million in 2008. The decrease was primarily attributable to a reduction in the amount of funds allocated to our MARVEL Trial. In addition, we dispensed with an accrual of $3.0 million from 2007 as a result of the claim set forth in the litigation discussed in Item 3. Of the expenses incurred in 2009, approximately $567,000 related to our MARVEL Trial, approximately $576,000 related to pre-clinical, and approximately $685,000 related to advanced research and development projects.
The timing and amount of our planned research and development expenditures is dependent on our ability to obtain additional financing. See - Existing Capital Resources and Future Capital Requirements and Item 1A. Risk Factors - We will need to secure additional financing
50
Marketing, General and Administrative
Marketing, general and administrative expenses were $2.2 million in 2009, a decrease of $3.6 million from marketing, general and administrative expenses of $5.8 million in 2008. The decrease in marketing, general and administrative expenses is attributable, in part, to a decrease in stock-based compensation of approximately $1.5 million.
Interest Income
Interest income consists of interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents. Interest income was $21.00 in 2009 compared to interest income of $45,733 in 2008.The decrease in interest income was primarily attributable to lower cash balances and lower interest rates earned in 2009 compared to 2008.
Interest Expense
On June 1, 2007, we entered into the BlueCrest Loan and the Bank of America Loan, both in the principal amount of $5.0 million, with interest rates of 12.85% and 4.75% (prime plus 1.5%), respectively, at December 31, 2008. On August 20, 2008, we borrowed $1.0 million from a third party at an interest rate of 13.5% per annum. Interest expense primarily consists of interest incurred on the principal amount of these loans, accrued fees and interest earned by the guarantors of the Bank of America Loan, the amortization of related deferred loan costs and the amortization of the fair value of warrants issued in connection with the BlueCrest and Bank of America Loans. The fair value of the warrants originally issued in connection with the Bank of America Loan was amortized by the end of January 2008.
Interest expense was $2.2 million in 2009 compared to interest expense of $2.4 million in 2008. Interest incurred on the principal amount of our outstanding loans and interest and fees earned by the guarantors totaled $1.2 million in 2009 and $1.2 million in 2008. Amortization of deferred loan costs and amortization of the fair value of warrants issued in connection with the BlueCrest and Bank of America Loans totaled $800,000 in 2009 compared to $1.2 million in 2008.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
In 2009, we continued to finance our considerable operational cash needs with cash generated from financing activities.
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $2.0 million in 2009 as compared to $11.0 million of cash used in 2008.
Our use of cash for operations in 2009 reflected a net loss generated during the period of $3.8 million, adjusted for non-cash items such as stock-based compensation of $132,609, amortization of the fair value of warrants granted in connection with the BlueCrest Loan and Bank of America Loan of $545,000, amortization of loan costs incurred in connection with the BlueCrest Loan and Bank of America Loan of $215,000 and warrants issued in exchange for services and in connection with settlement agreements totaling $296,000. A decrease in prepaid and other current assets of $738,000 and an increase in accounts payable of $810,095 contributed to our use of operating cash in 2009. The decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets was due to the reimbursement of upfront payments under an agreement with the contract research organization that we are utilizing for the MARVEL Trial. Partially offsetting these uses of cash were decreases in accrued expenses of $1,510,555.
Our use of cash for operations in 2008 reflected a net loss generated during the period of $14.2 million, adjusted for non-cash items such as amortization of warrants granted in connection with the BlueCrest Loan and Bank of America Loan of $764,000, stock-based compensation of $1.3 million and amortization of loan costs incurred in connection with the BlueCrest Loan and Bank of America Loan of $442,000. Our use of cash was partially tempered by the following items:
·
an increase in accrued expenses and deferred rent of $930,000; and
·
an decrease in accounts payable of $183,000.
51
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $688.00 in 2009 as compared to $19,000 in 2008. All of the cash utilized in investing activities for 2009 and 2008 related to our acquisition of property and equipment.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $2.0 million in 2009 as compared to $5.6 million in 2008.
In 2009 we sold, in a private placement, shares of common stock and warrants for aggregate net cash proceeds of approximately $2.0 million.
Existing Capital Resources and Future Capital Requirements
Our MyoCell product candidate has not received regulatory approval or generated any material revenues. We do not expect to generate any material revenues or cash from sales of our MyoCell product candidate until 2011 if ever. We have generated substantial net losses and negative cash flow from operations since inception and anticipate incurring significant net losses and negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future. Historically, we have relied on proceeds from the sale of our common stock and our incurrence of debt to provide the funds necessary to conduct our research and development activities and to meet our other cash needs.
At December 31, 2009 we had cash and cash equivalents totaling $75,031 however, our working capital deficit as of such date was $12.6 million. Our independent registered public accounting firm has issued its report dated March 31, 2010 in connection with the audit of our financial statements as of December 31, 2009 that included an explanatory paragraph describing the existence of conditions that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the notes to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Not applicable.
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Our Financial Statements begin on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
On February 12, 2009, the Company engaged Jewett, Schwartz, Wolfe
& Associates to serve as the Companys independent registered public accounting firm. The decision to engage
Jewett, Schwartz, Wolfe & Associates was
approved by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. During the
Companys two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company did not consult with Jewett,
Schwartz, Wolfe & Associates on (i) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either
completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion
52
that may be rendered on the Companys financial statements, and Jewett, Schwartz, Wolfe & Associates did not provide either a written report or oral advice to the Company that Jewett, Schwartz, Wolfe & Associates concluded was an important factor considered by the Company in reaching a decision as to any accounting, auditing, or financial reporting issue; or (ii) the subject of any disagreement, as defined in Item 304 (a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and the related instructions, or a reportable event within the meaning set forth in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.
Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We have established disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to us is made known to the officers who certify our financial reports, as well as to other members of senior management and the Board of Directors.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer, as well as our Principal Financial and Accounting Officer of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on such evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer, as well as our Principal Financial and Accounting Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2009, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The controls that management sought to identify and evaluate were those processes designed by, or under the supervision of, the Companys principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, and implemented by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
(1)
pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;
(2)
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the issuer are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
(3)
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the issuers assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
A deficiency in the design of internal control over financial reporting exists when (a) necessary controls are missing or (b) existing controls are not properly designed so that, even if the control operates as designed, the financial reporting risks would not be addressed.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the companys annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Management has determined that, as of December 31, 2009, the Company did not have a deficiency or material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting.
This Annual Report on Form 10-K does not, and is not required to; include an attestation report of the Companys independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations in Control Systems
Our controls and procedures were designed at the reasonable assurance level. However, because of inherent limitations, any system of controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired objectives of the control system. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and management must apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of controls relative to their costs. Further, no evaluation of controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that all errors, control issues and instances of fraud will be prevented or detected. The design of any
53
system of controls and procedures is also based in part on certain assumptions regarding the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
Changes In Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended December 31, 2008 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B.
Other Information
On October 15, 2008, we received notification from The NASDAQ Stock Market indicating that we were not in compliance with certain of the NASDAQ Capital Market continued listing requirements, including a minimum $35 million market value of our listed securities. We were permitted until November 14, 2008, to regain compliance with the minimum market value of listed securities requirement. On November 17, 2008, we received a NASDAQ Staff Determination indicating that we had failed to regain compliance with the $35 million minimum market value of listed securities requirement, and that our securities were, therefore, subject to delisting from The NASDAQ Capital Market. We appealed the Staff Determination and requested a hearing before a NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Panel (the Panel) to review the Staff Determination. This stayed the delisting of our securities pending the Panels decision.
On February 25, 2009, we received notification from The NASDAQ Stock Market of its determination to discontinue our NASDAQ listing effective February 27, 2009. We have engaged a market maker for our common stock and our application for quotation of our common stock on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board was approved by FINRA.
54
PART III
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this item about our Executive Officers is included in Part I, Item 1. Business of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption Our Executive Officers. All other information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from our definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders expected to be held in July 2010 to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.
Item 11.
Executive Compensation
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from our definitive Proxy Statement for the 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from our definitive Proxy Statement for the 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from our definitive Proxy Statement for the 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
Item 14.
Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from our definitive Proxy Statement for the 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
55
PART IV
Item 15.
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a)(1) Financial Statements
See Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for Financial Statements included with this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules
All schedules have been omitted because the required information is not applicable or the information is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.
(a)(3) Exhibits
Exhibit No. |
| Exhibit Description |
|
|
|
3.1(6) |
| Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the registrant, as amended |
3.2(9) |
| Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of the registrant |
3.3(8) |
| Amended and Restated Bylaws |
4.1(5) |
| Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of May 31, 2007 by and between BlueCrest Capital Finance, L.P. and the registrant |
4.2(12) |
| Notice of Event of Default, from BlueCrest Venture Finance Master Fund Limited to the Company, dated January 28, 2009 |
4.3(12) |
| Notice of Acceleration, from BlueCrest Venture Finance Master Fund Limited to the Company, dated February 2, 2009 |
4.4(13) |
| Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, between the Company and BlueCrest Venture Finance Master Fund Limited, dated as of April 2, 2009 |
4.5(13) |
| Grant of Security Interest (Patents), between the Company and BlueCrest Venture Finance Master Fund Limited, dated as of April 2, 2009 |
4.6(13) |
| Security Agreement (Intellectual Property), between the Company and BlueCrest Venture Finance Master Fund Limited, dated as of April 2, 2009 |
4.7(13) |
| Subordination Agreement, by Hunton & Williams, LLP in favor of BlueCrest Venture Finance Master Fund Limited, entered into and effective April 2, 2009 |
4.8(13) |
| Amended and Restated Promissory Note, dated April 2, 2009, by the Company to BlueCrest Venture Finance Master Fund Limited |
4.9(13) |
| Warrant to purchase 1,315,542 shares of the registrants common stock, dated April 2, 2009, issued to BlueCrest Venture Finance Master Fund Limited |
4.10(14) |
| Warrant to purchase 451,043 shares of the registrants common stock, dated April 2, 2009, issued to Rogers Telecommunications Limited |
4.11(14) |
| Warrant to purchase 173,638 shares of the registrants common stock, dated April 2, 2009, issued to Hunton & Williams, LLP |
4.12(19) |
| 10% Convertible Promissory Note Due July 23, 2010, in the amount of $20,000, payable to Dana Smith |
4.13(19) |
| 10% Convertible Promissory Note Due July 23, 2010, in the amount of $100,000, payable to Bruce Meyers |
4.14(19) |
| Registration Rights Agreement, dated July 23, 2009 |
4.15(19) |
| Subordination Agreement, dated July 23, 2009 |
4.16(19) |
| Note Purchase Agreement, dated July 23, 2009 |
4.17(19) |
| Closing Confirmation of Conversion Election, dated July 23, 2009 |
10.1**(1) |
| 1999 Officers and Employees Stock Option Plan |
10.2**(1) |
| 1999 Directors and Consultants Stock Option Plan |
10.3(1) |
| Form of Option Agreement under 1999 Officers and Employees Stock Option Plan |
10.4(3) |
| Form of Option Agreement under 1999 Directors and Consultants Stock Option Plan |
56
10.5**(4) |
| Employment Letter Agreement between the registrant and Scott Bromley, dated August 24, 2006. |
10.6(1) |
| Lease Agreement between the registrant and Sawgrass Business Plaza, LLC, as amended, dated November 14, 2006. |
10.7(1) |
| Asset Purchase Agreement between the registrant and Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., dated June 24, 2003. |
10.8(4) |
| Conditionally Exclusive License Agreement between the registrant, Dr. Peter Law and Cell Transplants International, LLC, dated February 7, 2000, as amended. |
10.9(4) |
| Loan Guarantee, Payment and Security Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2007, by and between the registrant, Howard J. Leonhardt and Brenda Leonhardt |
10.10(4) |
| Loan Guarantee, Payment and Security Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2007, by and between the registrant and William P. Murphy Jr., M.D. |
10.11(4) |
| Loan Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2007, by and between the registrant and Bank of America, N.A. |
10.12(4) |
| Warrant to purchase shares of the registrant's common stock issued to Howard J. Leonhardt and Brenda Leonhardt |
10.13(4) |
| Warrant to purchase shares of the registrant's common stock issued to Howard J. Leonhardt and Brenda Leonhardt |
10.14(4) |
| Warrant to purchase shares of the registrant's common stock issued to William P. Murphy, Jr., M.D. |
10.15(4) |
| Warrant to purchase shares of the registrant's common stock issued to the R&A Spencer Family Limited Partnership |
10.16(4) |
| Material Supply Agreement, dated May 10, 2007, by and between the registrant and Biosense Webster |
10.17(5) |
| Warrant to purchase shares of the registrant's common stock issued to BlueCrest Capital Finance, L.P. |
10.18(6) |
| Loan Guarantee, Payment and Security Agreement, dated as of September 12, 2007, by and between the registrant and Samuel S. Ahn, M.D. |
10.19(6) |
| Loan Guarantee, Payment and Security Agreement, dated as of September 12, 2007, by and between the registrant and Dan Marino |
10.20(6) |
| Warrant to purchase shares of the registrant's common stock issued to Samuel S. Ahn, M.D. |
10.21(6) |
| Loan Guarantee, Payment and Security Agreement, dated as of September 19, 2007, by and between the registrant and Jason Taylor |
10.22(7) |
| Loan Guarantee, Payment and Security Agreement, dated as of October 10, 2007, by and between the registrant and Howard and Brenda Leonhardt |
10.23(7) |
| Warrant to purchase shares of the registrant's common stock issued to Howard and Brenda Leonhardt |
10.24(7) |
| Second Amendment to Loan Guarantee, Payment and Security Agreement, dated as of October 10, 2007, by and between the registrant and Howard and Brenda Leonhardt |
10.25(7) |
| Second Amendment to Loan Guarantee, Payment and Security Agreement, dated as of October 10, 2007, by and between the registrant and William P. Murphy, Jr., M.D. |
10.26**(10) |
| Bioheart, Inc. Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan |
10.27(11) |
| Form of Warrant Agreement for October 2008 Private Placement |
10.28(11) 10.29 (20) |
| Form of Registration Rights Agreement for October 2008 Private Placement Master Services Agreement with Ascent Medical Product Development Centre Inc. |
14.1(2) |
| Code of Ethics for Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and persons performing similar functions |
14.2(2) |
| Code of Business Conduct and Ethics |
23.1* |
| Consent of Jewett, Schwartz, Wolfe & Associates |
31.1* |
| Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
32.1* |
| Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
*
Filed herewith
**
Indicates management contract or compensatory plan.
(1)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 13, 2007
57
(2)
Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 1 to the Companys Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 5, 2007
(3)
Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 2 to the Companys Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 12, 2007
(4)
Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 3 to the Companys Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 9, 2007
(5)
Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 4 to the Companys Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 6, 2007
(6)
Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 5 to the Companys Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 1, 2007
(7)
Incorporated by reference to Post-effective Amendment No. 1 to the Companys Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 11, 2007
(8)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 3, 2008
(9)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 8, 2008
(10)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2008
(11)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2008
(12)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 3, 2009
(13)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 8, 2009
(14)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 15, 2009
(15)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K/A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 2009
(16)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 18, 2009
(17)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 20, 2009
(18)
Incorporated by reference to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 9, 2009
(19) Incorporated by reference to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 3, 2009
(20) Incorporated by reference to the Companys Currrent Registration Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 5, 2010.
58
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
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| BIOHEART, INC. | |
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| By: | /s/ Karl E. Groth |
| Karl E. Groth, Ph.D. | |
Dated: March 31, 2020 |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURE |
| TITLE |
| DATE |
/s/ Karl E. Groth |
| Chairman of the Board & Chief Executive Officer |
| MARCH 31, 2010 |
Karl E. Groth, Ph.D. |
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/s/ Peggy A. Farley |
| Chief Operating & Financial Officer & Director |
| MARCH 31, 2010 |
Peggy A. Farley |
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/s/ Mark P. Borman |
| Director |
| MARCH 31, 2010 |
Mark Borman |
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/s/ Bruce C. Carson |
| Director |
| MARCH 31, 2010 |
Bruce C. Carson |
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/s/ William P. Murphy, Jr., M.D. |
| Director |
| MARCH 31, 2010 |
William P. Murphy, Jr., M.D. |
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/s/ Richard T. Spencer III |
| Director |
| MARCH 31, 2010 |
Richard T. Spencer III |
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/s/ Charles A. Hart |
| Director |
| MARCH 31, 2010 |
Charles A. Hart |
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/s/Lee A. Jones |
| Director |
| MARCH 31, 2010 |
Lee A. Jones |
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59
FORM 10-K -- ITEM 8
BIOHEART, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008
F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and the cumulative period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2009
F-4
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' (Deficit) Equity for the period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) through December 31, 2009
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and the cumulative period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2009
F-8
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-9
All schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission have been omitted because the required information under the related instructions is not applicable or the information is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes hereto.
F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries (a Development Stage Company) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders' deficit and cash flows for each of the two years period ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) through December 31, 2009. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provided a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries (a Development Stage Company) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their consolidated operations and their cash flows for each of the two years period then ended December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 and the period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) through December 31, 2009 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has operating and liquidity concerns. In addition, as of December 31, 2009, the Company has a deficit accumulated during the development stage of approximating $100,000,000 and current liabilities exceed current assets by approximating $9,600,000. These factors raise substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties. In this regard, Management is proposing to raise any necessary additional funds through loans and additional sales of its common stock. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in raising additional capital.
/s/ Jewett, Schwartz, Wolfe & Associates
Jewett, Schwartz, Wolfe & Associates
Hollywood, Florida
March 31, 2010
F-2
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of December 31, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 |
2008 |
||||||||||
ASSETS |
|||||||||||
Current assets |
|||||||||||
Cash and cash
equivalents |
$ | 75,031 | $ | 50,091 | |||||||
Receivables |
142,279 | 57,258 | |||||||||
Inventory |
199,914 | 395,034 | |||||||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets |
25,729 | 723,882 | |||||||||
Total current
assets |
442,953 | 1,226,265 | |||||||||
Property and
equipment, net |
104,397 | 281,107 | |||||||||
Deferred loan
costs, net |
1,250,106 | 278,945 | |||||||||
Other
assets |
68,854 | 68,854 | |||||||||
Total
assets |
$ | 1,866,310 | $ | 1,855,171 | |||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS DEFICIT |
|||||||||||
Current liabilities |
|||||||||||
Accounts
payable |
$ | 1,911,893 | $ | 1,700,841 | |||||||
Accrued
expenses |
3,530,246 | 4,970,518 | |||||||||
Deferred
revenue |
507,281 | 465,286 | |||||||||
Notes payable
current |
4,051,861 | 7,898,960 | |||||||||
Total current
liabilities |
10,001,281 | 15,035,605 | |||||||||
Deferred
rent |
857 | 11,141 | |||||||||
Subordinated
Related Party |
3,000,000 | | |||||||||
Note payable
long term |
2,276,543 | 1,044,472 | |||||||||
Total
liabilities |
15,278,681 | 16,091,218 | |||||||||
Commitments and
contingencies |
|||||||||||
Shareholders deficit |
|||||||||||
Preferred
stock ($0.001 par value) 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding |
| | |||||||||
Common stock
($0.001 par value) 75,000,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2009 and 2008; 20,035,684 and 15,739,196 shares issued and outstanding as of
December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively |
20,036 | 15,739 | |||||||||
Additional
paid-in capital |
87,196,374 | 82,532,746 | |||||||||
Deficit
accumulated during the development stage |
(100,628,781 | ) | (96,784,532 | ) | |||||||
Total
shareholders deficit |
(13,412,371 | ) | (14,236,047 | ) | |||||||
Total
liabilities and shareholders deficit |
$ | 1,866,310 | $ | 1,855,171 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-3
(A development stage enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Years Ended December 31, |
Cumulative Period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 |
2008 |
2009 |
||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 359,800 | $ | 57,051 | $ | 1,144,673 | ||||||||
Cost of
sales |
205,014 | 10,962 | 530,375 | |||||||||||
Gross
profit |
154,786 | 46,089 | 614,298 | |||||||||||
Development
revenues |
| 97,000 | 117,500 | |||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||
Research and
development |
2,491,189 | 6,166,777 | 65,358,573 | |||||||||||
Marketing,
general and administrative |
2,095,292 | 5,643,916 | 30,600,096 | |||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization |
177,398 | 182,329 | 794,404 | |||||||||||
Total
expenses |
4,763,879 | 11,993,022 | 96,753,073 | |||||||||||
Loss from
operations |
(4,609,093 | ) | (11,849,933 | ) | (96,021,275 | ) | ||||||||
Other Income
(expenses): |
||||||||||||||
Interest
income |
21 | 45,733 | 762,274 | |||||||||||
Interest
expense |
(2,235,177 | ) | (2,400,725 | ) | (8,369,780 | ) | ||||||||
Reversal of
Litigation Accrual |
3,000,000 | | 3,000,000 | |||||||||||
Total other
income (expenses) |
(464,844 | ) | (2,354,992 | ) | (4,607,506 | ) | ||||||||
Loss before
income taxes |
(3,844,249 | ) | (14,204,925 | ) | (100,628,781 | ) | ||||||||
Income
taxes |
| | | |||||||||||
Net
loss |
$ | (3,844,249 | ) | $ | (14,204,925 | ) | $ | (100,628,781 | ) | |||||
Loss per
share basic and diluted |
$ | (0.21 | ) | $ | (0.97 | ) | ||||||||
Weighted
average shares outstanding basic and diluted |
17,947,210 | 14,593,387 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders (Deficit) Equity
Common Stock |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shares |
Amount |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Deferred Compensation |
Subscription Receivable |
Deficit Accumulated During the Development Stage |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of August 12, 1999 (date of inception) |
| $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock |
4,324,458 | 4,324 | 395,676 | | | | 400,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | 98,000 | (98,000 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock-based compensation |
| | | 49,000 | | | 49,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (903,290 | ) | (903,290 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 1999 |
4,324,458 | $ | 4,324 | $ | 493,676 | $ | (49,000 | ) | $ | | $ | (903,290 | ) | $ | (454,290 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock (net of issuance costs of $61,905) |
1,493,575 | 1,494 | 9,607,201 | | | | 9,608,695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | 2,559,000 | (2,559,000 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of
warrants granted in exchange for licenses and intellectual property |
| | 5,220,000 | | | | 5,220,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock-based compensation |
| | | 1,080,692 | | | 1,080,692 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contributed
capital |
| | 1,050,000 | | | 1,050,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in exchange for services |
7,964 | 8 | 51,993 | | | | 52,001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (14,113,933 | ) | (14,113,933 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2000 |
5,825,997 | $ | 5,826 | $ | 18,981,870 | $ | (1,527,308 | ) | $ | $(15,017,223 | ) | $ | 2,443,165 | ||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock (net of issuance costs of $98,996) |
985,667 | 986 | 6,282,018 | | | | 6,283,004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | 779,000 | (779,000 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock-based compensation |
| | | 1,523,000 | | | 1,523,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of
contributed capital to common stock |
81,084 | 81 | (81 | ) | | ( | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in exchange for services |
8,291 | 8 | 53,993 | | | | 54,001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (8,173,464 | ) | (8,173,464 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2001 |
6,901,039 | $ | 6,901 | $ | 26,096,800 | $ | (783,308 | ) | $ | | $ | (23,190,687 | ) | $ | 2,129,706 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock |
1,092,883 | 1,093 | 7,075,105 | | | | 7,076,198 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | 143,521 | (143,521 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock-based compensation |
| | | 613,083 | | | 613,083 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in exchange for services |
35,137 | 35 | 227,468 | | | | 227,503 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (9,257,954 | ) | (9,257,954 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2002 |
8,029,059 | $ | 8,029 | $ | 33,542,894 | $ | (313,746 | ) | $ | | $ | (32,448,641 | ) | $ | 788,536 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock |
561,701 | 562 | 3,181,712 | | | | 3,182,274 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | (155,893 | ) | 155,893 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock-based compensation |
| | | 79,371 | | | 79,371 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in exchange for services |
144,300 | 144 | 823,743 | | | | 823,887 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (6,037,528 | ) | (6,037,528 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2003 |
8,735,060 | $ | 8,735 | $ | 37,392,456 | $ | (78,482 | ) | $ | | $ | (38,486,169 | ) | $ | (1,163,460 | ) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders (Deficit) Equity (Continued)
Common Stock |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shares |
Amount |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Deferred Compensation |
Subscription Receivable |
Deficit Accumulated During the Development Stage |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2003 |
8,735,060 | $ | 8,735 | $ | 37,392,456 | $ | (78,482 | ) | $ | | $ | (38,486,169 | ) | $ | (1,163,460 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock |
808,570 | 809 | 4,580,104 | | | | 4,580,913 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | 637,858 | (637,858 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock-based compensation |
| | | 148,812 | | | 148,812 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in exchange for services |
17,004 | 17 | 96,314 | | | | 96,331 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (5,519,151 | ) | (5,519,151 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2004 |
9,560,634 | $ | 9,561 | $ | 42,706,732 | $ | (567,528 | ) | $ | | $ | (44,005,320 | ) | $ | (1,856,555 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock (net of issuance costs of $32,507) |
1,994,556 | 1,994 | 11,265,560 | | | | 11,267,554 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock in lieu of cash compensation |
1,210 | 1 | 6,852 | | | | 6,853 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | 1,566,147 | (1,566,147 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization
of stock-based compensation |
| | | 1,952,350 | | | 1,952,350 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock in exchange for release of accrued liabilities |
95,807 | 96 | 542,691 | | | | 542,787 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (7,326,557 | ) | (7,326,557 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2005 |
11,652,207 | $ | 11,652 | $ | 56,087,982 | $ | (181,325 | ) | $ | | $ | (51,331,877 | ) | $ | 4,586,432 | ||||||||||||||||
Reclassification of deferred compensation due to adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) |
| | (181,325 | ) | 181,325 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock (net of issuance costs of $100,038) |
1,069,699 | 1,069 | 8,123,623 | | | | 8,124,692 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity
instruments issued in connection with settlement agreement |
47,657 | 48 | 3,294,381 | | | | 3,294,429 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in exchange for services |
2,903 | 3 | 16,440 | | | | 16,443 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in exchange for distribution rights and intellectual property |
13,006 | 13 | 99,984 | | | | 99,997 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants
issued in exchange for licenses and intellectual property |
| | 144,867 | | | | 144,867 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | 1,224,430 | | | | 1,224,430 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (13,180,646 | ) | (13,180,646 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2006 |
12,785,472 | $ | 12,785 | $ | 68,810,382 | $ | | $ | | $ | (64,512,523 | ) | $ | 4,310,644 | |||||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock (net of issuance costs of $150,000) |
529,432 | 530 | 3,920,186 | | | | 3,920,716 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of
stock options |
31,955 | 32 | 181,008 | | | | 181,040 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants
issued in connection with notes payable |
| | 3,139,639 | | | | 3,139,639 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants
issued in exchange for services |
| | 30,559 | | | | 30,559 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants
issued in exchange for licenses and intellectual property |
| | 48,289 | | | | 48,289 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued
in connection with reverse stock split |
279 | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | 931,233 | | | | 931,233 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (18,067,084 | ) | (18,067,084 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2007 |
13,347,138 | $ | 13,347 | $ | 77,061,296 | $ | | $ | | $ | (82,579,607 | ) | $ | (5,504,964 | ) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders (Deficit) Equity (Continued)
Common Stock |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shares |
Amount |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Deferred Compensation |
Subscription Receivable |
Deficit Accumulated During the Development Stage |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2007 |
13,347,138 | $ | 13,347 | $ | 77,061,296 | $ | | $ | | $ | (82,579,607 | ) | $ | (5,504,964 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Initial
public offering of common stock (net of offering costs of $4,327,171) |
1,100,000 | 1,100 | 1,446,729 | | | | 1,447,829 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of
common stock |
1,230,280 | 1,230 | 2,117,275 | | | | 2,118,505 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
| | 1,320,995 | | | | 1,320,995 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants
issued in exchange for services |
| | 251,850 | | | | 251,850 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants
issued in connection with notes payable |
| | 168,387 | | | | 168,387 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrant
issued in connection with settlement agreement |
| | 87,200 | | | | 87,200 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of
stock options |
61,778 | 62 | 79,014 | | | | 79,076 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (14,204,925 | ) | (14,204,925 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2008 |
15,739,196 | $ | 15,739 | $ | 82,532,746 | $ | | $ | | $ | (96,784,532 | ) | $ | (14,236,047 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance
of common stock (net of issuance costs of $13,664) |
2,680,230 | 2,682 | 1,857,140 | | | | 1,859,822 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subscription receivable |
85,090 | 85 | 59,451 | | (59,536 | ) | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation |
| | 132,609 | | | | 132,609 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock in exchage for services |
45,000 | 45 | 45,855 | | | 45,900 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued in connection with the settlement of accounts payable |
519,460 | 519 | 456,275 | | 456,794 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued in connection with the issuance of notes payable |
320,000 | 320 | 297,681 | | | | 298,001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common
stock issued upon the conversion of notes payable |
606,708 | 606 | 261,618 | | | | 262,224 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants
issued in connection with notes payable |
| | 1,580,575 | | | | 1,580,575 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise
of stock options |
40,000 | 40 | 31,960 | | | | 32,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
| | | | | (3,844,249 | ) | (3.844,249 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as
of December 31, 2009 |
20,035,684 | $ | 20,036 | $ | 87,255,910 | $ | | $ | (59,536 | ) | $ | (100,628,781 | ) | $ | (13,412,371 | ) |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December 31, |
|||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 |
2008 |
Cumulative Period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2009 |
|||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities |
|||||||||||||||
Net
loss |
$ | (3,844,249 | ) | $ | (14,204,925 | ) | $ | (100,628,781 | ) | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
|||||||||||||||
Litigation Accrual Reversal |
(3,000,000 | ) | | (3,000,000 | ) | ||||||||||
Depreciation
and amortization |
177,398 | 182,329 | 794,404 | ||||||||||||
Bad debt
expense |
| | 165,000 | ||||||||||||
Discount on
convertible debt |
262,224 | 262,224 | |||||||||||||
Amortization
of warrants issued in exchange for licenses and intellectual property |
| | 5,413,156 | ||||||||||||
Amortization
of warrants issued in connection with notes payable |
545,070 | 763,631 | 3,716,378 | ||||||||||||
Amortization
of loan costs |
214,581 | 442,201 | 1,143,321 | ||||||||||||
Warrants
issued in exchange for services |
| 255,100 | 285,659 | ||||||||||||
Equity
instruments issued in connection with settlement agreement |
| 87,200 | 3,381,629 | ||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in connection with accounts payable |
242,722 | | 242,722 | ||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in exchange for services |
45,900 | | 1,322,917 | ||||||||||||
Common stock
issued in exchange for distribution rights and intellectual property |
| | 99,997 | ||||||||||||
Warrants
issued in connection with accounts payable |
7,758 | | 7,758 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation |
132,609 | 1,317,745 | 9,052,325 | ||||||||||||
Change in
assets and liabilities |
|||||||||||||||
Receivables |
(85,020 | ) | (4,616 | ) | (142,278 | ) | |||||||||
Inventory |
195,119 | (22,980 | ) | (199,915 | ) | ||||||||||
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets |
698,153 | (462,852 | ) | (25,729 | ) | ||||||||||
Other
assets |
40,000 | 2,294 | (28,854 | ) | |||||||||||
Accounts
payable |
810,095 | (182,613 | ) | 2,501,241 | |||||||||||
Accrued
expenses and deferred rent |
1,489,445 | 930,457 | 6,848,890 | ||||||||||||
Deferred
revenue |
41,995 | (82,000 | ) | 507,282 | |||||||||||
Net cash used
in operating activities |
(2,026,200 | ) | (10,979,029 | ) | (68,280,654 | ) | |||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
|||||||||||||||
Acquisitions
of property and equipment |
(688 | ) | (18,930 | ) | (898,800 | ) | |||||||||
Net cash used
in investing activities |
(688 | ) | (18,930 | ) | (898,800 | ) | |||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
|||||||||||||||
Proceeds from
issuance of common stock, net |
1,859,822 | 2,118,506 | 59,472,375 | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from
(payments for) initial public offering of common stock, net |
| 4,236,652 | 1,447,829 | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from
subordinated related party note |
3,000,000 | | 3,000,000 | ||||||||||||
Payment of
note payable |
(3,000,000 | ) | | (3,000,000 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds from
exercise of stock options |
32,000 | 79,076 | 292,116 | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from
notes payable |
298,001 | 1,000,000 | 11,498,001 | ||||||||||||
Repayment of
notes payable |
| (1,671,112 | ) | (2,256,568 | ) | ||||||||||
Payment of
loan costs |
(137,995 | ) | (207,229 | ) | (1,199,268 | ) | |||||||||
Net cash
provided by financing activities |
2,051,828 | 5,555,893 | 69,254,485 | ||||||||||||
Net
increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
24,940 | (5,442,066 | ) | 75,031 | |||||||||||
Cash and cash
equivalents, beginning of period |
50,091 | 5,492,157 | | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash
equivalents, end of period |
$ | 75,031 | $ | 50,091 | $ | 75,031 | |||||||||
Disclosure of cash flow information |
|||||||||||||||
Interest
paid |
$ | 387,540 | $ | 511,319 | $ | 1,244,654 | |||||||||
Income taxes
paid |
$ | | $ | | $ | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-8
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
1.
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Business
Bioheart, Inc. (the Company) is committed to maintaining our leading position within the cardiovascular sector of the cell technology industry delivering cell therapies, intelligent devices and biologics that help address congestive heart failure, lower limb ischemia, chronic heart ischemia, acute myocardial infarctions and other issues. We work to prevent the worsening of any condition with devices that monitor and diagnose. Our goals are to cause damaged tissue to be regenerated, if possible, and to improve a patient's quality of life and reduce health care costs and hospitalizations.
Specific to biotechnology, we are focused on the discovery, development and, subject to regulatory approval, commercialization of autologous cell therapies for the treatment of chronic and acute heart damage and peripheral vascular disease. MyoCell is a clinical muscle-derived cell therapy designed to populate regions of scar tissue within a patient's heart with new living cells for the purpose of improving cardiac function in chronic heart failure patients.
The Company's pipeline includes multiple product candidates for the treatment of heart damage, including Bioheart Acute Cell Therapy, an autologous, adipose tissue-derived cell treatment for acute heart damage, and MyoCell® SDF-1, a therapy utilizing autologous cells that are genetically modified to express additional potentially therapeutic growth proteins. The Company was incorporated in Florida on August 12, 1999.
Development Stage
The Company has operated as a development stage enterprise since its inception by devoting substantially all of its effort to raising capital, research and development of products noted above, and developing markets for its products. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the accounting and reporting principles prescribed by Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 915, Development Stage Entities, issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).
Prior to marketing its products in the United States, the Companys products must undergo rigorous preclinical and clinical testing and an extensive regulatory approval process implemented by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other regulatory authorities. There can be no assurance that the Company will not encounter problems in clinical trials that will cause the Company or the FDA to delay or suspend clinical trials. The Companys success will depend in part on its ability to successfully complete clinical trials, obtain necessary regulatory approvals, obtain patents and product license rights, maintain trade secrets, and operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of others, both in the United States and other countries. There can be no assurance that patents issued to or licensed by the Company will not be challenged, invalidated, or circumvented, or that the rights granted thereunder will provide proprietary protection or competitive advantages to the Company. The Company will require substantial future capital in order to meet its objectives. The Company currently has no committed sources of capital. The Company will need to seek substantial additional financing through public and/or private financing, and financing may not be available when the Company needs it or may not be available on acceptable terms.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bioheart, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Reverse Stock Split
On August 31, 2007, the Companys Board of Directors approved a 1-for-1.6187 reverse stock split of the
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-9
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Companys capital stock, which became effective on September 27, 2007. All share numbers and per share amounts contained in the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split. In lieu of issuing fractional shares of stock resulting from the reverse stock split, the number of shares held by each shareholder following the reverse stock split was rounded up to the nearest whole share.
Initial Public Offering
On February 22, 2008 (the Closing Date) the Company completed its initial public offering of common stock (the IPO) pursuant to which it sold 1,100,000 shares of common stock at a price per share of $5.25, for net proceeds of approximately $1.45 million after deducting underwriter discounts of approximately $400,000 and offering costs of approximately $3.92 million. The Companys common stock commenced trading on February 19, 2008 on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol BHRT and subsequently transferred to the NASDAQ Capital Market in June 2008.
The Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2008 reflects the Companys receipt of approximately $4.24 million of Proceeds from (payments for) initial public offering of common stock, net. The $4.24 million cash proceeds figure is approximately $2.79 million higher than the $1.45 million IPO net proceeds figure identified above due to payment of $2.79 million of various offering expenses prior to January 1, 2008.
The net cash proceeds from the IPO were primarily used for commencement of full-scale enrollment in a planned clinical trial of MyoCell, milestone payments due under licensing agreements, repayment of a portion of certain debt obligations and general corporate purposes. Prior to the completion of the IPO, costs related to the offering were recognized as a deferred asset when incurred and totaled approximately $3.48 million as of December 31, 2007. All such costs, including costs incurred subsequent to December 31, 2007 through completion of the IPO, were charged to paid-in capital upon completion of the IPO in February 2008.
On the Closing Date, the Company issued to Dawson James Securities, Inc. a warrant to purchase 77,000 shares of its common stock with an exercise price of $6.5625 per share. Dawson James Securities, Inc. acted as the representative of the several underwriters of the IPO. The warrant, which became exercisable on the first anniversary of the date of issuance, expires on October 2, 2012.
NASDAQ Delisting
On October 15, 2008, the Company received notification from The NASDAQ Stock Market indicating that the Company was not in compliance with certain of the NASDAQ Capital Market continued listing requirements, including a minimum $35 million market value of its listed securities. The Company was permitted until November 14, 2008, to regain compliance with the minimum market value of listed securities requirement. On November 17, 2008, the Company received a NASDAQ Staff Determination indicating that the Company had failed to regain compliance with the $35 million minimum market value of listed securities requirement, and that the Companys securities were, therefore, subject to delisting from The NASDAQ Capital Market. The Company appealed the Staff Determination and requested a hearing before a NASDAQ Listing Qualifications Panel (the Panel) to review the Staff Determination. This stayed the delisting of the Companys securities pending the Panels decision.
On February 25, 2009, the Company received notification from The NASDAQ Stock Market of its determination to discontinue the Companys NASDAQ listing effective February 27, 2009. The Company engaged a market maker for its common stock and its application for quotation of the Companys common stock on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board was approved by FINRA on May 13, 2009.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-10
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value of certain of the Companys financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, account payable, accrued expenses, notes payables, and other accrued liabilities approximate cost because of their short maturities. The Company measures and reports fair value in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value investments.
Fair value, as defined in ASC 820, is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value of an asset should reflect its highest and best use by market participants, principal (or most advantageous) markets, and an in-use or an in-exchange valuation premise. The fair value of a liability should reflect the risk of nonperformance, which includes, among other things, the Companys credit risk.
Valuation techniques are generally classified into three categories: the market approach; the income approach; and the cost approach. The selection and application of one or more of the techniques may require significant judgment and are primarily dependent upon the characteristics of the asset or liability, and the quality and availability of inputs. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value under ASC 820 must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. ASC 820 also provides fair value hierarchy for inputs and resulting measurement as follows:
Level 1
Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2
Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and
Level 3
Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair values.
Fair value measurements are required to be disclosed by the Level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements in their entirety fall. Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (in Level 3 measurements) are subject to expanded disclosure requirements including a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes during the period attributable to the following: (i) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings, and a description of where those gains or losses included in earning are reported in the statement of income.
The Company has no fair value items required to be disclosed
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and money market funds with maturities of three months or less when purchased. The carrying value of these instruments approximates fair value. The Company generally invests its excess cash in short-term interest-bearing instruments, including certificates of deposit and overnight funds. These investments are periodically reviewed and modified to take advantage of trends in yields and interest rates. The related interest income is accrued as earned.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable primarily consists of amounts due from the sale of the TGI systems. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, there was no allowance for doubtful accounts and no allowance for returns.
Inventory
Inventory consists of raw materials and finished product. Finished product consists primarily of finished catheters. Cost of finished product, consisting of raw materials and contract manufacturing costs, is determined by the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method for valuing inventories. Costs of raw materials are determined using the FIFO method. Inventory is stated at the lower of costs or market (estimated net realizable value).
Inventory consisted of the following as of December 31,2009
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
|
|
|
|
Finished product | $ 143,160 |
| $ 338,280 |
Raw materials | 56,754 |
| 56,754 |
Total inventory | $ 199,914 |
| $ 395,034 |
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets as of December 31, 2008 primarily consisted of upfront payments under an agreement with the contract research organization that the Company was utilizing for its MARVEL clinical trial and
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-11
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
payments on corporate insurance policies. At December 31, 2008, prepaid expenses included approximately $416,000 in upfront payments to the contract research organization. These upfront payments were applied as payment toward the final invoices from the contract research organization at which time the amounts were expensed. Unused amounts were refunded to the Company upon completion of the services. There were no such upfront payments included in prepaid expenses at December 31, 2009.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
In accordance with ASC Topic 360, formerly SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, the Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be fully recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the Companys ability to recover the carrying value of its asset based on estimates of its undiscounted future cash flows. If these estimated future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, an impairment charge is recognized for the difference between the asset's estimated fair value and its carrying value. As of the date of these financial statements, the Company is not aware of any items or events that would cause it to adjust the recorded value of its long-lived assets for impairment.
Deferred Loan Costs
Deferred loan costs consist principally of legal and loan origination fees incurred to obtain $10 million in loans in June 2007 and the fair value of warrants issued in connection with the loans. These deferred loan costs are being amortized to interest expense over the terms of the respective loans using the effective interest rate method. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company had net deferred loan costs of $1,250,106 and $278,945, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company recorded $1,029,635 and $1,205,832, respectively, of interest expense related to the amortization of deferred loan costs, which included $369,343 and $763.631, respectively, related to the fair value of warrants issued in connection with the loans.
Revenue Recognition
Since inception, the Company has not generated any material revenues from its MyoCell product candidate. In accordance with ASC Topic 605, formerly Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101, Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements, as amended by ASC Topic 605, formerly SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition, the Companys revenue policy is to recognize revenues from product sales and service transactions generally when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determined, collection is reasonably assured and delivery of product or service has occurred.
Research and Development Expenses
The Company accounts for research and development expenditures, including payments to collaborative research partners, in accordance with ASC Topic 730, formerly SFAS No. 2, Accounting for Research and Development Costs. Accordingly, all research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. The Company expenses amounts paid to obtain patents or acquire licenses as the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid is uncertain.
Marketing Expense
The Company expenses the cost of marketing as incurred. Marketing expense was $438,917 and $347,151 for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and $6,591,293for the cumulative period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2009. Marketing expense for the cumulative period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2009 included approximately $3.5 million of stock-based compensation and related expenses related to equity instruments issued to a related party, Scott Bromley, a cousin of the former Chairman,
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-12
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
pursuant to a settlement agreement.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC Topic 740, formerly SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, as clarified by ASC Topic 740, formerly FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, (FIN No. 48). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized.
The Company adopted the provisions of ASC Topic 740, formerly FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007. Previously, the Company had accounted for tax contingencies in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies. As required by ASC Topic 450, formerly FIN No. 48, the Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. At the adoption date, the Company applied ASC Topic 740, formerly FIN No. 48 to all tax positions for which the statute of limitations remained open. As a result of the implementation of ASC Topic 740, formerly FIN No. 48, the Company did not recognize any change in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits.
The amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2007, was $0. There have been no material changes in unrecognized tax benefits since January 1, 2007.
The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and the State of Florida. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for the years before 1999.
The Company is not currently under examination by any federal or state jurisdiction.
The Companys policy is to record tax-related interest and penalties as a component of operating expenses.
Stock Options and Warrants
On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of ASC Topic 718, formerly SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (SFAS No. 123R) using the modified prospective transition method. ASC Topic 718, formerly SFAS No. 123R requires the Company to measure all share-based payment awards granted after January 1, 2006, including those with employees, at fair value. Under ASC Topic 718, formerly SFAS No. 123R, the fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation must be recognized as expense in the statements of operations over the requisite service period of each award.
Share-based awards granted subsequent to January 1, 2006 are valued using the fair value method and compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the awards. Beginning January 1, 2006, the Company also began recognizing compensation expense under ASC Topic 718, formerly SFAS No. 123R for the unvested portions of outstanding share-based awards previously granted under its stock option plans, over the periods these awards continue to vest.
The Company accounts for certain share-based awards, including
warrants, with non-employees in accordance with ASC Topic 718, formerly SFAS No. 123R and related guidance, including ASC Topic 505, formerly EITF Issue No. 96-18,
Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with
Selling Goods or Services. The Company estimates the
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-13
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
fair value of such awards using the Black-Scholes valuation model at each reporting period and expenses the fair value over the vesting period of the share-based award, which is generally the period in which services are provided.
In its meeting of August 12, 2009, the Board of Directors approved the repricing of current employees stock options (other than Executive Officers). In accordance with regulations concerning such a repricing and in conformance with generally accepted procedures, all options granted before August 12, 2008, were repriced on the basis of the 5-day average closing price of BHRT, during the period of August 11 through August 17, 2009.
The following information applies to the repricing which occurred as of October 8, 2009.
Original Exercise Price | New Exercise Price | Number of shares underlying Options |
|
|
|
$1.28 | $0.71 | 61,778 |
$4.11 | $0.71 | 10,000 |
$5.67 | $0.71 | 409,144 |
$7.69 | $0.71 | 12,851 |
$8.47 | $0.71 | 38,163 |
|
| 531,936 |
Of those options listed above, 61,778 expired in December 2009 without having been exercised.
Loss Per Share
Loss per share has been computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each period, in accordance with ASC Topic 260, formerly SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share. The effect of outstanding stock options and warrants, which could result in the issuance of 9,474,488 and 5,230,637 shares of common stock at December 31, 2009 and 2008 respectively, is antidilutive. As a result, diluted loss per share data does not include the assumed exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants and has been presented jointly with basic loss per share.
Recent Accounting Updates
Recent accounting pronouncements that the Company has adopted or that will be required to adopt in the future are summarized below.
On September 30, 2009, the Company adopted updates issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to the authoritative hierarchy of GAAP. These changes establish the FASB Accounting Standards CodificationTM (ASC) as the source of authoritative accounting principles recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP. Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The FASB will no longer issue new standards in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions, or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts; instead the FASB will issue Accounting Standards Updates. Accounting Standards Updates will not be authoritative in their own right as they will only serve to update the Codification. These chang es and the Codification itself do not change GAAP. Other than the manner in which new accounting guidance is referenced, the adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In August 2009, the FASB issued ASU 2009-05, which amends ASC 820 to provide further guidance on measuring the fair value of a liability. It primarily does three things: 1) sets forth the types of valuation techniques to be used to value a liability when a quoted price in an active market for the identical liability is not available, 2) clarifies that when estimating the fair value of a liability, a reporting entity is not required to include a separate input or adjustment to other inputs relating to the existence of a restriction that prevents the transfer of the liability, and 3) clarifies that both a quoted price in an active market for the identical liability at the measurement date and the quoted price for the identical liability when traded as an asset in an active market, when no adjustments to the quoted price of the asset are required, are Level 1 fair value measurements. This standard became effective for the Compan y beginning in the fourth quarter of 2009. The Companys adoption of ASU 2009-05 did not have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-14
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
In June 2009, the FASB issued guidance now codified as ASC Topic 105, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (ASC 105), which establishes the FASB Accounting Standards Codification as the source of GAAP to be applied to nongovernmental agencies. ASC 105 explicitly recognizes rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws as authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. ASC 105 became effective for interim or annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. ASC 105 does not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements presented hereby.
In May 2009, the FASB issued guidance now codified as ASC Topic 855, Subsequent Events (ASC 855). The pronouncement modifies the definition of what qualifies as a subsequent eventthose events or transactions that occur following the balance sheet date, but before the financial statements are issued, or are available to be issuedand requires companies to disclose the date through which it has evaluated subsequent events and the basis for determining that date. The Company adopted the provisions of ASC 855 in the third quarter of 2009, in accordance with the effective date.
In January 2010, the FASB issued Update No. 2010-6, Improving Disclosures About Fair Value Measurements (ASU 2010-6), which requires reporting entities to make new disclosures about recurring or nonrecurring fair-value measurements including significant transfers into and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair-value measurements and information on purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements on a gross basis in the reconciliation of Level 3 fair-value measurements. ASU 2010-6 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for Level 3 reconciliation disclosures, which are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2010. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this update on its financial position, results of operations and liquidity.
In October 2009, the FASB issued authoritative guidance on revenue recognition that will become effective for the Company beginning July 1, 2010, with earlier adoption permitted. Under the new guidance on arrangements that include software elements, tangible products that have software components that are essential to the functionality of the tangible product will no longer be within the scope of the software revenue recognition guidance, and software-enabled products will now be subject to other relevant revenue recognition guidance. We believe adoption of this new guidance will not have a material impact on our financial statements.
Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force), the AICPA, and the SEC did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company's present or future financial statements
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-15
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Reclassifications
Beginning in 2008, the Company presented development revenues, primarily from paid registry trials, as a separate line item in its statement of operations.
For the twelve month period ended December 31, 2009, the Company recognized a net $132,609 in stock based compensation expense. This amount consisted of $153,688 in stock-based compensation that was included in research and development expenses, which was offset by a net reversal of $21,079 of previously recognized stock-based compensation that was included in marketing, general and administrative expenses. For the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2008, the Company recognized $1,660,045 in stock-based compensation costs of which approximately $185,421 represented research and development expense and the remaining amount was marketing, general and administrative expense. No tax benefits were attributed to the stock-based compensation expense because a valuation
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-16
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
allowance was maintained for all net deferred tax assets. The Company elected to adopt the alternative method of calculating the historical pool of windfall tax benefits as permitted by ASC Topic 718, formerly FSP No. SFAS 123R-c, Transition Election Related to Accounting for the Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards. This is a simplified method to determine the pool of windfall tax benefits that is used in determining the tax effects of stock compensation in the results of operations and cash flow reporting for awards that were outstanding as of the adoption of ASC Topic 718, formerly SFAS No. 123R. At December 31, 2009, the Company had approximately $156,000 of unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested options that is expected to be recognized over the next three years.
2.
Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared and are presented assuming the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred significant operating losses over the past several years and has a deficit accumulated during the development stage of $100.6 million as of December 31, 2009 In addition, as of December 31, 2009,the Companys current liabilities exceed current assets by $12.6 million. Current liabilities include notes payable of $7.1 million. While, subsequent to December 31, 2009,the Company received cash proceeds of approximately $395,264 in a series of private placements, this will not provide sufficient cash to support the Companys operations through December 2010. The Company will need to secure additional sources of capital by the end of April 2010 to develop its business and product candidates as planned.
The Company currently has no commitments or arrangements from third parties for any additional financing to fund research and development and/or other operations. The Company is seeking substantial additional financing through public and/or private financing, which may include equity and/or debt financings, research grants, and through other arrangements, including collaborative arrangements. As part of such efforts, the Company may seek loans from certain of our executive officers, directors and/or current shareholders. However, financing may not be available to the Company or on terms acceptable to the Company. The Companys inability to obtain additional financing would have a material adverse effect on its financial condition and ability to continue operations. Accordingly, the Company could be forced to significantly curtail or suspend operations, default on its debt obligations, file for bankruptcy or seek to sell some or all of its assets. As such, the Companys continuation as a going concern is uncertain.
Due to the Companys financial condition, the report of the Companys independent registered public accounting firm on the Companys December 31, 2009 consolidated financial statements includes an explanatory paragraph indicating that these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of asset carrying amounts or the amount and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
3.
Collaborative License and Research/Development Agreements
The Company has entered into a number of contractual relationships for technology licenses and research and development projects. The following provides a summary of the Companys significant contractual relationships:
In February 2000, the Company entered into a license agreement (the Original License Agreement) with Cell Transplants International, LLC (CTI). Pursuant to the Original License Agreement, among other things, CTI granted the Company a license to certain patents related to heart muscle regeneration and angiogenesis for the life of the patents. In July 2000, the Company and CTI, together with Dr. Peter K. Law, executed an addendum to the Original License Agreement, which amended or superseded a number of terms of the Original License Agreement (the License Addendum).
More specifically, the License Addendum provided, among other things:
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-17
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
·
The parties agreed that the Company would issue, and the Company did issue, to CTI a five-year warrant exercisable for 1.2 million shares of the Companys common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share instead of, as originally contemplated under the Original License Agreement, issuing to CTI or Dr. Law 600,000 shares of the Companys common stock and options to purchase 600,000 shares of the Companys common stock at an exercise price of $1.80 per share. These share amounts and exercise prices do not take into account any subsequent recapitalizations or reverse stock splits.
·
The parties agreed that the Companys obligation to pay CTI a $3.0 million milestone payment would be triggered upon the Companys commencement of a bona fide U.S. Phase II human clinical trial study that utilizes technology claimed under U.S. Patent No. 5,130,141 with FDA approval in the United States, instead of, as originally contemplated under the Original License Agreement, upon initiation of an FDA approved human clinical trial study of such technology in the United States.
In addition, if the Company obtains FDA approval of a method of heart muscle regeneration utilizing the patented technology licensed under the Original License Agreement, the Company will be required to pay CTI $5 million. Further, the Company would be obligated to pay CTI a royalty of 5% of gross sales of products and services that directly read upon the claims of the licensed patents. During the course of certain litigation initiated by Dr. Law against the Company, see Note 8, the Company learned that CTI, a Tennessee limited liability company, was administratively dissolved by the Secretary of State of Tennessee in 2004.
In February 2006, the Company entered into an exclusive license agreement with The Cleveland Clinic Foundation for various patents to be used in connection with the MyoCell SDF-1 product candidate. Our MyoCell SDF-1 product candidate, which has recently completed preclinical testing, is intended to be an improvement to MyoCell. In February 2006, we signed a patent licensing agreement with the Cleveland Clinic of Cleveland, Ohio which gave us exclusive license rights to pending patent applications in connection with MyoCell SDF-1. Dr. Marc Penn, the Medical Director of the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit at the Cleveland Clinic and a staff cardiologist in the Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cell Biology, joined our Scientific Advisory Board. The license for SDF-1 was passed on to a Cleveland Clinic affiliate, Juventas, in July of 2009. Bioheart has a memorandum of understanding with Juventas pursuant to which the license with Bioheart will be reinstated upon completion of certain financial milestones.
In April 2006, the Company entered into an agreement to license from TriCardia, LLC various patents to be used in connection with the MyoCath® II product candidate. In exchange for the license, the Company agreed to do the following: 1) pay $100,000 upon the closing of the agreement; and 2) issue a warrant exercisable for 32,515 shares of the Companys common stock at an exercise price of $7.69 per share. The warrant vested on a straight line basis over a 12 month period and expires on February 28, 2016. The fair value of this warrant of approximately $193,000, as determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, was amortized to research and development expense on a straight line basis over the twelve month vesting period. The Company recorded $144,867 of expense in 2006 and the remaining $48,289 of expense in 2007.
In December 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with Tissue Genesis, Inc. (Tissue Genesis) for exclusive distribution rights to Tissue Genesis products and a license for various patents to be used in connection with the Bioheart Acute Cell Therapy and TGI 1200™ product candidates. In exchange for the license, the Company agreed to do the following: 1) issue 13,006 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $7.69 per share; and 2) issue a warrant exercisable for 1,544,450 shares of the Companys common stock to Tissue Genesis at an exercise price of $7.69 per share, which warrant expires on December 31, 2026. This warrant shall vest in three parts as follows: i) 617,780 shares vesting only upon the Companys successful completion of human safety testing of the licensed technology, ii) 463,335 shares vesting only upon the Company exceeding net sales of $10 million or net profit of $2 million from the licensed technology, and iii) 463,335 shares vesting only upon the Company exceeding net sales of $100 million or net profit of $20 million from the licensed technology. Since the vesting of this warrant is contingent upon the achievement of the specific milestones, the fair value of this warrant at the time the milestones are met will be
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-18
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
expensed to research and development. In the event of an acquisition (or merger) of the Company by a third party, all unvested shares of common stock subject to the warrant shall immediately vest prior to such event. In addition, the Company will pay a 2% royalty of net sales of licensed products.
On April 13, 2007 Bioheart signed a Research Agreement with Indiana University to sponsor pre-IND large animal research related to the use of adipose tissue derived stem cells for use in treating acute myocardial infarction. The data from research will be used to file an IND related to this product platform. The total budget for this study is $726,584.06.
Bioheart originally entered into a Research Agreement with the University of Florida on July 1, 2004. The original purpose of this Research Agreement was to conduct small animal research related to Biohearts SDF-1 gene modified cell therapy. The research continued into large animals and the contract has been amended six times. The most recent budget amendment was to sponsor an additional $305,855.00 for large animal research which was signed on November 18, 2008.
There are currently 11 executed clinical site contracts and one open Academic Research Organization contract (ARO) associated with the ongoing Marvel Clinical Trial. Clinical site contracts include Minneapolis Heart Institute, Scripps Hospital, Florida Hospital, Jim Moran Heart Institute, Mayo Clinic, The Lindner Center, Swedish Medical Center, Newark Beth Israel, Arizona Heart Institute, Cardiology P. C. and Mercy Gilbert Medical Center. Bioheart is obligated for payments in the aggregate amount of $375,772.72 for clinical site contracts. Bioheart also entered into a contract in support of the Marvel trial with Duke Clinical Research Institute, an Academic Research Organization (ARO) on March 9, 2007. The total obligation for this contract is $469,843.99. In addition, there are various consultants and core laboratories which provide support for Marvel. Biohearts total commitment towards contracts for all consultants and Core Laboratories is $301,650.99.
On February 2, 2010, Bioheart, Inc. (the Company) and the Ascent Medical Product Development Centre Inc. (Ascent) entered into an agreement whereby Ascent would oversee the conduct of a Phase I Clinical Trial for the Company, namely the REGEN trial. Ascent is owned by the Ascent Medical Technology Fund II, LP, (the Fund). The Funds General Partner is Ascent Private Equity II, LLC, which is controlled by Karl E. Groth, Ph.D. and Peggy A. Farley, who are, respectively, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Operating Officer of the Company.
4.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment as of December 31 is summarized as follows:
| 2009 | 2008 |
Laboratory and medical equipment | $ 352,358 | $ 352,358 |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment | 130,916 | 130,916 |
Computer equipment | 53,481 | 52,793 |
Leasehold improvements | 362,046 | 362,046 |
| 898,801 | 898,113 |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | (794,404) | (617,006) |
| $ 104,397 | $ 281,107 |
Property and equipment is stated at cost and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging from three to seven years, using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of 15 years or the remaining life of the lease. Improvements that extend the life of an asset are capitalized. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-19
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
5.
Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of December 31:
| 2009 | 2008 |
License and royalty fees | $ 880,000 | $ 3,670,000 |
Amounts payable to the Guarantors of the Companys loan agreement with Bank of America, including fees and interest | 1,745,745 | 926,628 |
Interest payable on notes payable | 248,586 | 262,950 |
Other | 655,915 | 110,940 |
| $ 3,530,246 | $ 4,970,518 |
6.
Notes Payable
Notes payable were comprised of the following as of December 31:
| 2009 | 2008 |
Bank of America note payable. Terms described below. | $ 2,000,000 | $ 5,000,000 |
BlueCrest Capital Finance note payable. Monthly payments of principal and interest as described below. |
2,943,432 |
2,943,432 |
Short-term note payable. Terms described below. | 4,384,972 | 1,000,000 |
| 9,328,404 | 8,943,432 |
Less current portion. | (4,051,861) | (7,898,960) |
Notes payable long term. | $ 5,276,543 | $ 1,044,472 |
Notes payable at December 31, 2009 mature as follows:
2010 | $ 666,889 |
2011 | 1,468,716 |
2012 | 7,192,799 |
| $9,328,404 |
Bank of America Note Payable
On June 1, 2007, the Company entered into a loan agreement with Bank of America, N.A. for an eight month, $5.0 million term loan, to be used for working capital purposes. The loan bears interest at the annual rate of the prime rate plus 1.5%. The prime rate was 3.25% and 7.25% at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As consideration for the loan, the Company paid Bank of America a fee of $100,000. Effective as of January 31, 2008, the maturity date of the loan was extended until June 1, 2008. As consideration for this extension of the maturity date of the loan, the Company paid Bank of America a fee of $50,000. Effective as of June 1, 2008, Bank of America agreed to extend the maturity date of the loan until January 5, 2009. As consideration for this extension of the maturity date of the loan, the Company paid Bank of America a fee of $75,000. Effective January 5, 2009, Bank of America agreed to extend the maturity date of the loan until July 6, 2009. As consideration for this extension of the maturity date of the loan, the Company paid Bank of America a fee of $50,000. Effective July 6, 2009, Bank of America agreed to extend the maturity of the loan until January 5, 2010. As consideration for this extension of the maturity date of the loan, the
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-20
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Company paid Bank of America a fee of $25,000. Effective January 5, 2010, Bank of America agreed to extend the maturity of the loan until July 6, 2010. As consideration for this extension of the maturity date of the loan, the Company paid Bank of America a fee of $25,000. Under the terms of the loan, Bank of America is entitled to receive a semi-annual payment of interest and all outstanding principal and accrued interest by the maturity date.
The Company has provided no collateral for the loan. On June 1, 2007, for the Companys benefit, the Companys former Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer and his spouse, certain other members of the Companys Board of Directors and one of the Companys shareholders (the Guarantors) provided collateral to guarantee the loan. Except for a $1.1 million personal guaranty (backed by collateral) provided by the Companys former Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer and his spouse, these guarantees are limited to the collateral each provided to the lender.
The Company and Bank of America have agreed with BlueCrest Capital Finance, L.P., the lender of the BlueCrest Loan (defined below), that the Company will not individually make any payments due under the Bank of America loan while the BlueCrest Loan is outstanding. For the Companys benefit, the Guarantors agreed to provide Bank of America in the aggregate up to $5.5 million of funds and/or securities to make these payments.
The Company has agreed to reimburse the Guarantors with interest at an annual rate of the prime rate plus 5.0% for any and all payments made by them under the Bank of America loan as well as to pay them certain cash fees in connection with their provision of collateral to guarantee the loan. Upon entering into the loan agreement, the Company issued to each Guarantor warrants to purchase 3,250 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $7.69 per share for each $100,000 of principal amount of the loan guaranteed by such Guarantor. The warrants have a ten-year term and became exercisable one year following the date the warrants were issued. Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 216,095 shares of common stock were issued to the Guarantors. These warrants had an aggregate fair value of $1,437,638, which amount was accounted for as additional paid in capital and reflected as a component of deferred loan costs and amortized as interest expense over the initial term of the loan using the effective interest method. As discussed below, certain of these Guarantors were replaced in September 2007. The unamortized fair value of the warrants issued to the Guarantors that were replaced, which was previously reflected as a component of deferred loan costs, was recorded as interest expense in September 2007.
In September 2007, a member of the Companys Board of Directors and two of the Companys shareholders agreed to provide collateral valued at $750,000, $600,000 and $500,000, respectively, to secure the loan. The collateral provided by these new Guarantors fully replaced the collateral originally provided by one of the members of the Companys Board of Directors and partially replaced the collateral originally provided by another member of the Companys Board of Directors whose collateral now secures $400,000 of the loan. In consideration for providing the collateral, the Company issued to the new Guarantors warrants to purchase 3,250 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $7.69 per share for each $100,000 of principal amount of the loan guaranteed by such new Guarantor. The warrants have a ten-year term and became exercisable one year following the date the warrants were issued. Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 60,118 shares of the Companys common stock were issued to the new Guarantors. These warrants had an aggregate fair value of $380,482, which was accounted for as additional paid in capital and reflected as a component of deferred loan costs and amortized as interest expense over the initial term of the loan using the effective interest method.
In accordance with the provisions of the warrants issued to the Guarantors, the aggregate number of shares of common stock underlying such warrants increased on September 30, 2007 as the Bank of America loan remained outstanding at that date. The additional 38,861 warrant shares had an aggregate fair value of $244,463. The portion of this amount attributed to the Guarantors that were replaced in September 2007 was accounted for as additional paid in capital and immediately recorded as interest expense with the remainder accounted for as additional paid in capital and reflected as a component of deferred loan costs and amortized as interest expense over the initial term of the loan using the effective interest method.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-21
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
In October 2007, the Company's former Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer and his spouse agreed to provide an additional $2.2 million limited personal guarantee of the loan and pledged securities accounts to backup this limited personal guarantee. The additional collateral provided by the former Company's Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer and his spouse fully replaced the collateral provided by one of the original Guarantors. The Company's former Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer and his spouse have now personally guaranteed an aggregate of $3.3 million of the loan. The Company's agreement with the Company's former Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer and his spouse with respect to the additional collateral is substantially similar to the Company's agreement with them in connection with the $1.1 million personal guarantee they originally provided in June 2007. In consideration for providing the collateral, the Company issued to the Company's former Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer and his spouse, a warrant to purchase 81,547 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $7.69 per share. The warrant has a ten-year term and became exercisable one year following the date the warrant was issued. The warrant had a fair value of $516,193, which was accounted for as additional paid in capital and reflected as a component of deferred loan costs and amortized as interest expense over the initial term of the loan using the effective interest method.
As a result of this replacement of the collateral originally provided by one of the original Guarantors in October 2007, the unamortized fair value of the warrant to purchase 81,548 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $7.69 per share issued to that Guarantor was recorded as interest expense in October 2007. In October 2007, the Company cancelled the warrant previously issued to such original Guarantor, which warrant included the adjustment provisions discussed above, and, in exchange, issued to them a warrant to purchase 101,934 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $7.69 per share, which new warrant does not contain the adjustment provisions discussed above. The additional 20,386 warrant shares had an aggregate fair value of $128,228, which was accounted for as additional paid in capital and immediately recorded as interest expense.
In accordance with the provisions of the warrants issued to the Guarantors, the aggregate number of shares of common stock underlying such warrants increased on June 1, 2008 as the Bank of America loan remained outstanding at that date. The additional 78,773 warrant shares had an aggregate fair value of $168,387. The portion of this amount attributed to the Guarantors that were replaced in September 2007 was accounted for as additional paid in capital and immediately recorded as interest expense with the remainder accounted for as additional paid in capital and reflected as a component of deferred loan costs to be amortized as interest expense over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. In the event that as of the second anniversary and third anniversary of the closing date of the loan, the Company has not reimbursed the Guarantors in full for payments made by them in connection with the loan, the number of shares subject to the warrants will further increase.
The amount of interest expense on the principal amount of the loan for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 totaled approximately $127,000 and $336,000, respectively. Fees and interest earned by the Guarantors, which are recorded as interest expense, for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 totaled approximately $524,000 and $315,000, respectively. Interest due on the principal amount of the loan has been paid by the Guarantors. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, that amount totaled approximately $692,000 and $432,000, respectively, and was included in accrued expenses at those dates.
In March 2009, the Companys former Chairman and his former spouse repaid $3.0 million of principal and a pro rata portion of accrued interest on behalf of the Company. The Company now owes this $3.0 million to the Company's former Chairman and his former spouse. This liability is reflected on the Companys consolidated balance sheet on a separate line titled Subordinated related party loan. This amount will also accrue interest at an annual rate of the prime rate plus 5.0%.
In March of 2010, one of the Guarantors paid directly to Bank of America the $672,000 of the loan that he had
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-22
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
been guaranteeing, and a pro rata portion of accrued interest on behalf of the Company. That Guarantor agreed to accept from the Company the equivalent of his payment to Bank of America in restricted common stock and warrants. With his acceptance of the restricted common stock and warrants, the former Guarantor owns 8% of the Company.
Thus, the outstanding obligation to Bank of America was reduced to $1.3 million plus interest.
BlueCrest Capital Finance Note Payable
On June 1, 2007, the Company closed on a $5.0 million senior loan from BlueCrest Capital Finance, L.P. with a term of 36 months which bears interest at an annual rate of 12.85% (the BlueCrest Loan). The first three months required payment of interest only with equal principal and interest payments over the remaining 33 months. As consideration for the loan, the Company issued to BlueCrest Capital Finance, L.P. a warrant to purchase 65,030 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $7.69 per share. The warrant, which became exercisable one year following the date the warrant was issued, has a ten year term. This warrant had a fair value of $432,635, which was accounted for as additional paid in capital and reflected as a component of deferred loan costs and is being amortized as interest expense over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. The Company also paid the lender a fee of $100,000 to cover diligence and other costs and expenses incurred in connection with the loan. On August 31, 2007, BlueCrest Capital Finance, L.P. assigned its rights, liabilities, duties and obligations under the BlueCrest Loan and warrant to BlueCrest Venture Finance Master Fund Limited (BlueCrest).
The loan may be prepaid in whole but not in part. However, the Company is subject to a prepayment penalty equal to 3% of the outstanding principal if the BlueCrest Loan is prepaid during the first year of the loan, 2% of the outstanding principal if prepaid during the second year of the loan and 1% of the outstanding principal if prepaid during the third year of the loan. As collateral to secure its repayment obligations under the loan, the Company granted BlueCrest a first priority security interest in all of the Companys assets, excluding intellectual property but including the proceeds from any sale of any of the Companys intellectual property. The loan has certain restrictive terms and covenants including among others, restrictions on the Companys ability to incur additional senior or pari-passu indebtedness or make interest or principal payments on other subordinate loans.
In the event of an uncured event of default under the loan, all amounts owed to BlueCrest are immediately due and payable and BlueCrest has the right to enforce its security interest in the assets securing the loan. During the continuance of an event of default, all outstanding amounts under the loan will bear interest (payable on demand) at an annual rate of the 14.85%. In addition, any unpaid amounts are subject, until paid, to a service charge in an amount equal to two percent (2%) of the unpaid amount. Events of default include, among others, the Companys failure to timely make payments of principal when due, the Companys uncured failure to timely pay any other amounts owing to BlueCrest under the loan, the Companys material breach of the representations and warranties contained in the loan agreement and the Companys default in the payment of any debt to any of its other lenders in excess of $100,000 or any other default or breach under any agreement relating to such debt, which gives the holders of such debt the right to accelerate the debt.
The amount of interest expense on the principal amount of the BlueCrest Loan for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 totaled approximately $378,000 and $479,000, respectively.
On January 2, 2009, the Company failed to make the monthly payment of principal and interest of approximately $181,000 due on such date. On January 28, 2009, the Company received from BlueCrest notice of this event of default (the Default Notice) under the BlueCrest Loan. By reason of the stated event, BlueCrest demanded payment of a 2% late fee of approximately $3,600, together with the principal and interest payment of approximately $181,000. On February 2, 2009, the Company received from BlueCrest notice of acceleration of the outstanding principal amount of the BlueCrest Loan and demanded repayment in full of all outstanding principal and accrued interest on the loan,
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-23
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
including late fees, in the aggregate amount of $2,947,045. (The acceleration notice, together with the Default Notice, are referred to as the Notices).
The Company and BlueCrest entered into an amendment to the BlueCrest Loan as of April 2, 2009 (the BlueCrest Loan Amendment), that, among other things, includes BlueCrests agreement to forbear from exercising any of its rights or remedies regarding the defaults described in Notices (the Forbearance) as long as there are no new defaults under the BlueCrest Loan, as amended.
The BlueCrest Loan Amendment, (a) increases the amount of permitted unsecured indebtedness of the Company, (b) amended the amortization schedule for the Loan to provide for interest-only payments until July 1, 2009, at which time monthly principal and interest payments of $262,692 will commence, and (c) prohibits the Company from granting any lien against its intellectual property and grants to BlueCrest a lien against the Companys intellectual property that will become effective in the event of a default. In addition, the Company issued BlueCrest a warrant to purchase 1,315,542 shares of the Companys common stock at $0.53 per share.
In connection with the BlueCrest Loan Amendment the Company paid BlueCrest accrued interest in the aggregate amount of $126,077. The Company also paid BlueCrest a fee of $15,000.
Effective July 1, 2009, the Company and BlueCrest agreed to enter into an amendment to the BlueCrest Loan to amend the amortization schedule for the Loan to provide for interest-only payments until January 1, 2010, at which time monthly principal and interest payments of $139,728 will commence.
In connection with that Amendment the Company issued BlueCrest a warrant to purchase $600,000 of the Companys common shares and paid a fee of $29,435.
Effective December 31, 2009, the Company and BlueCrest entered into an amendment to the BlueCrest Loan to amend the amortization schedule for the Loan to provide for interest-only payments until July 1, 2010, at which time monthly principal and interest payments of $139,728.82 will commence.
In connection with that Amendment, the Company issued BlueCrest a warrant to purchase $600,000 of the Companys common shares and paid a fee of $20,000. The Company also provided BlueCrest with a lien on its Intellectual Property.
Short-term Note Payable
On August 20, 2008, the Company borrowed $1.0 million from a third party pursuant to the terms of an unsecured Promissory Note and Agreement. Outstanding principal and interest on the loan, which accrues at the rate of 13.5% per annum, is payable in one balloon payment upon the Companys repayment of the BlueCrest Loan, which is scheduled to mature in May 2010. In the event the Company completes a private placement of its common stock and/or securities exercisable for or convertible into its common stock which generates at least $19.0 million of gross proceeds, the Company may prepay, without penalty, all outstanding principal and interest due under the loan using the same type of securities issued in the subject private placement. Because repayment of the loan could occur within 12 months from the date of the balance sheet, the Company has classified this loan as short term. Subject to certain conditions, at the end of each calendar quarter during the time the loan is outstanding, the Company may, but is not required to, pay all or any portion of the interest accrued but unpaid as of such date with shares of its common stock.
The amount of interest expense on the principal amount of the loan for the year ended December 31, 2009 was approximately $187,000. The Company has not paid any of the interest accrued to date under the Promissory Note and Agreement.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-24
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
In July 2009, Bruce Meyers and Dana Smith (jointly, the Lenders) funded a total $120,000 loan to the Company. The Loan was in the nature of convertible debt and was evidenced by an unsecured promissory note (the Note), that was convertible into common stock of the Company at a price that was 22.5% less than the average of the closing bid prices for the Companys shares for the five (5) days prior to the Lenders election to exercise their conversion right under the Note. The Note was to bear interest at the rate of 10% per annum, with interest payable due at maturity. The terms sheet provides that all unpaid interest (and principal) will be due and payable on the date that is the earlier to occur of the first anniversary of the closing date of the Loan or the closing of a financing in an amount that is equal to or greater than $3.0 million that will satisfy the Companys obligation under its loan with BlueCrest. However, the Lenders already elected to convert the entire amount of the Loan to shares of the Companys common stock.
Accordingly, the aggregate number of unregistered and restricted shares of the Companys common stock issued in connection with, and as a result of the conversion of, the Loan was 355,294 shares. The Company will have no obligation to file any registration statement with respect to the shares, except that the Lenders will have customary piggyback registration rights.
In February 2009, Bruce Meyers and Robert Seguso (jointly, the Lenders) funded the remaining $100,000 of a total $200,000 loan to the Company. The funds were delivered, net of original issue discount in the amount of $10,000, pursuant to a terms sheet provided by Bruce Meyers, for a convertible debt financing to be provided to the Company (the Loan). Although the terms sheet provided that the Lenders would be provided a complete set of loan documentation, the Lenders delivered to the Company the entire net proceeds of the Loan, in the amount of $190,000, in advance of receiving any documentation. The initial funding of $100,000 was made to the Company on January 21, 2009. However, the Company determined that it would not proceed with the Loan unless and until the Lenders funded the balance of the net proceeds which was completed on February 3, 2009 and provided that the Board of Directors of the Company approved the Loan, which approval was obtained on February 11, 2009.
The Loan was in the nature of convertible debt and was evidenced by an unsecured promissory note (the Note), that was convertible into common stock of the Company at a price that was 22.5% less than the average of the closing bid prices for the Companys shares for the five (5) days prior to the Lenders election to exercise their conversion right under the Note. The Note was to bear interest at the rate of 10% per annum, with interest payable due at maturity. The terms sheet provides that all unpaid interest (and principal) will be due and payable on the date that is the earlier to occur of the first anniversary of the closing date of the Loan or the closing of a financing in an amount that is equal to or greater than $3 million that will satisfy the Companys obligation under its loan with BlueCrest. However, the Lenders already elected to convert the entire amount of the Loan to shares of the Companys common stock.
In addition to the Note, the Company issued to the Lenders 200,000 unregistered and restricted shares of the Companys common stock. We believe that the offer and sale of the securities is made only to accredited investors and, accordingly, is exempt from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Prior to funding the balance of the Loan, the Lenders delivered to the Company, on January 26, 2009, a notice electing to convert $100,000 of the Loan into shares of the Companys common stock. The price per share for such election was $0.50995. This required the issuance to the Lenders of 196,098 unregistered and restricted shares of the Companys common stock.
On February 3, 2009, contemporaneously with the funding of the remainder of the Loan, the Lenders delivered to the Company notice of their election to convert the remainder of the Loan into shares of the Companys common stock at a price per share of $0.5704. This required the issuance to the Lenders of 175,316 unregistered and restricted shares of the Companys common stock.
Accordingly, the aggregate number of unregistered and restricted shares of the Companys common stock issued in
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-25
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
connection with, and as a result of the conversion of, the Loan was 571,414 shares. The Company will have no obligation to file any registration statement with respect to the shares, except that the Lenders will have customary piggyback registration rights.
7.
Commitments and Contingencies
Leases
The Company entered into several operating lease agreements for facilities and equipment. Terms of certain lease arrangements include renewal options, escalation clauses, payment of executory costs such as real estate taxes, insurance and common area maintenance.
In November 2006, the Company amended its facility lease to include additional space through 2010. The amendment for the additional space contains terms similar to the terms of the existing facility lease, including escalation clauses.
In November 2009, the Company amended its facility lease to eliminate excess space. The amendment for the additional space contains terms similar to the terms of the existing facility lease, including escalation clauses.
In February 2010, the Company amended its facility lease to extend the term of the lease until January 2013.
Approximate annual future minimum lease obligations under noncancelable operating lease agreements as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:
Year ending December 31, |
|
|
2010 | $ 79,921 | |
2011 |
| 81,213 |
2012 |
| 83,650 |
2013 |
| 14,009 |
Total | $ 258,793 |
Rent expense was $178,487 and $219,349 for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively and $1,623,350 for the cumulative period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2009.
During 2005, the Company was provided with a tenant improvement allowance of $60,150 towards its improvements. Pursuant to ASC Topic 840, formerly SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases, and ASC Topic 840, formerly FASB Technical Bulletin 88-1, Issues Related to Accounting for Leases, the Company has recorded the tenant-funded improvements and the related deferred rent in its consolidated balance sheets. The deferred rent is being amortized as a reduction to rent expense over the remaining life of the original lease.
Royalty Payments
The Company is obligated to pay royalties on commercial sales of certain products that may be developed and sold under various licenses and agreements that have been obtained by the Company.
The Company has entered into various licensing agreements, which include the potential for royalty payments, as follows:
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-26
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
William Beaumont Hospital
In June 2000, the Company entered into an exclusive license agreement to use certain patents for the life of the patents in future projects. The patents expire in 2015. In addition to a payment of $55,000 the Company made to acquire the license, the Company is required to pay an annual license fee of $10,000 and royalties ranging from 2% to 4% of net sales of products that are covered by the patents. In order to maintain the exclusive license rights, the agreement also calls for a minimum annual royalty threshold. The minimum royalty threshold was $200,000 for 2009 and $200,000 for 2008. This minimum royalty threshold will remain $200,000 for 2010 and thereafter. As of December 31, 2009, the Company has not made any payments other than the initial payment to acquire the license. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Companys liability under this agreement was $880,000 and $670,000, respectively, which is reflected as a component of accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets. In 2009, 2008 and for the cumulative period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2009, the Company incurred expenses of $210,000, $210,000 and $880,000, respectively.
Approximate annual future minimum obligations under this agreement as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:
Year Ending December 31, |
|
|
2010 |
| 210,000 |
2011 |
| 210,000 |
2012 |
| 210,000 |
2013 |
| 210,000 |
2014 2015 |
| 420,000 |
Total | $ 1,260,000 |
Contingency
The Company believes that it may have issued options to purchase common stock to certain of its employees, directors and consultants in California in violation of the registration or qualification provisions of applicable California securities laws. As a result, the Company intends to make a rescission offer to these persons. The Company will make this offer to all persons who have a continuing right to rescission, which it believes to include two persons. In the rescission offer, in accordance with California law, the Company will offer to repurchase all unexercised options issued to these persons at 77% of the option exercise price multiplied by the number of option shares, plus interest at the rate of 7% from the date the options were granted. Based upon the number of options that were subject to rescission as of December 31, 2009, assuming that all such options are tendered in the rescission offer, the Company estimated that its total rescission liability would be up to approximately $371,000. However, as the Company believes there is only a remote likelihood the rescission offer will be accepted by any of these persons in an amount that would result in a material expenditure by the Company, no liability was recorded as of December 31, 2009 or 2008.
8.
Legal Proceedings
On March 13, 2009, Judge Bernice Bouie Donald of the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee issued a Memorandum Opinion and Order in litigation brought against the Company by Dr. Peter K. Law and Cell Transplants Asia Limited (CTAL) (collectively, the Plaintiffs), captioned Peter K. Law, et al. v. Bioheart, Inc., No. 2:07-cv-2177 (the Action). The Action, which has been the subject of previous disclosures by the Company, was commenced on March 9, 2007, and asserted claims against the Company and Howard J. Leonhardt, individually, with respect to a license agreement entered into between Bioheart, Inc. and Cell Transplants International, LLC (CTI) on February 7, 2000 (the Original License Agreement). Pursuant to the License Agreement, among other things, CTI granted the Company a license to certain patents related to heart muscle regeneration and angiogenesis for the life of the patents. In July 2000, Bioheart and CTI, together with Dr. Law, executed an addendum to the License Agreement, which amended or superseded a number of the terms of the License Agreement (the License Addendum).
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-27
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
In their amended complaint, Dr. Law and CTAL asserted 14 breach of contract and related claims pertaining to the Original License Agreement and License Addendum, including, among others, claims that the Company had breached obligations to provide shares of Bioheart common stock to Dr. Law, pay royalties on gross sales of MyoCell, pay a $3 million milestone payment due upon Biohearts commencement of a bona fide Phase II human clinical trial study that utilizes technology claimed under U.S. Patent No. 5,130,141 with F.D.A. approval in the United States, and to refrain from sublicensing Plaintiffs patents. Plaintiffs also sought a declaratory judgment that the License Addendum was unenforceable due to a lack of consideration and/or economic duress. At the outset of the Action, the individual claim against Mr. Leonhardt was dismissed along with Plaintiffs claim for civil conspiracy, leaving 12 claims to be adjudicated.
The Company denied the material allegations of the amended complaint, denied it had any liability to Plaintiffs, and asserted a number of defenses to Plaintiffs claims, as well as counterclaims seeking a declaration that the License Addendum was a legally valid and binding agreement and asserting that Dr. Law and/or CTI had breached various obligations in the parties agreements.
Following the completion of discovery, the Action was tried to the Court, without a jury, from September 22-25, 2008.
On March 13, 2009, the Court rendered its decision in the Action, dismissing the amended complaint after finding that Plaintiffs had failed to establish any of their 12 remaining claims. With respect to Plaintiffs claim for the $3 million milestone payment, the Court found that the payment was payable only to CTI, not the Plaintiffs, and that CTI, a dissolved Tennessee limited liability company, had never been made a party to the Action and therefore was not properly before the Court. The Court also found that, even assuming Plaintiffs could assert a claim for the milestone payment on behalf of CTI, the payment was not due because Biohearts MyoCell process does not utilize technology claimed under the 141 patent. In addition, the Court found that Bioheart owed no royalties because it has not yet made any gross sales of MyoCell.
The Court found in Biohearts favor on its counterclaim seeking a declaration that the License Addendum was a valid and enforceable agreement and its counterclaim that Dr. Law breached his obligation under the License Addendum to provide Bioheart with all pertinent and critical information related to Biohearts filing of an IND application with the FDA. The Court awarded Bioheart nominal damages of $1.00 on the latter counterclaim, and dismissed Biohearts other counterclaims. Judgment upon the Memorandum Opinion and Order was entered on March 18, 2009.
Subsequent to the Court rendering its decision in the Action, the Plaintiffs filed a motion with the Court seeking reconsideration of its decision. The Companys response was filed on April 20, 2009, and the Courts response was received on October 15, 2009. The Plaintiffs motion to alter or amend was granted in part to clarify that Plaintiff failed to prove that the MyoCath catheter reads upon the claims of a patent other than the Schmidt catheter patent. Plaintiffs motion was otherwise denied.
A notice of appeal was to have been filed by November 16, 2009, by Dr. Law. The appeal was not filed. Any accrual made prior to November 16, 2009, to accommodate a judgment in favor of Dr. Law has been reversed.
Other
The Company is subject to other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, as of December 31, 2009, the amount of ultimate liability with respect to such matters, if any, in excess of
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-28
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
applicable insurance coverage, is not likely to have a material impact on the Company's business, financial position, consolidated results of operations or liquidity. However, as the outcome of litigation and other claims is difficult to predict significant changes in the estimated exposures could exist.
9.
Related Party Transactions
The Companys former Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer has personally guaranteed the Companys obligations under its lease for its facilities in Sunrise, Florida and has provided a personal guarantee for the Company credit card, which is for his own use only.
A cousin of the Companys former Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer was an officer of the Company from August 12, 1999 until December 11, 2009. The amounts paid to this individual as salary and bonus in 2009, 2008, 2007 and for the period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2008 was $11,000, $130,000, $130,000 and $1,007,752, respectively. In addition, the Company utilized a printing entity controlled by this individual and paid this entity $23,335, $18,230, $10,769 and $457,967,respectively, in 2009, 2008, 2007 and for the period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2009. The position occupied by this individual was terminated.
On August 24, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement, or the Settlement Agreement, with the same officer of the Company that is the cousin of the Companys former Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer. Prior to entering into the Settlement Agreement, certain disputes had arisen between the officer and the Company as to the number of stock options awarded to the officer and the amount of unpaid salary and other compensation owed to the officer since he commenced his employment with the Company in December 1999. The shares, options and warrants granted to the officer pursuant to the Settlement Agreement were issued to settle the disputed items and in consideration for the officers release of any claims he may have against the Company related to or arising from his employment or any compensation owed to him.
Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement:
·
The Company issued to the officer 47,658 shares of its common stock and agreed to pay the officers income taxes related to the receipt of the shares of common stock, estimated to be approximately $153,000. The fair value of the shares of common stock was determined to be $7.69 per share, which was based on a current valuation of the Company. The aggregate fair value of the shares of common stock issued and the $153,000 in cash was approximately $500,000, which was recorded as compensation expense in August 2006.
·
The Company issued to the officer a warrant to purchase 188,423 shares of the Companys common stock at an exercise price of $5.67 per share. This warrant is exercisable immediately and expires 10 years from the date of issuance. The approximate fair value of this warrant of $1,200,000 was recorded as compensation expense in August 2006.
·
The Company issued to the officer stock options to purchase up to 282,635 shares of the Companys common stock at an exercise price of $5.67 per share. These stock options are exercisable immediately and expire 10 years from the date of grant. The fair value of these stock options of approximately $1,800,000 was recorded as compensation expense in August 2006.
·
As consideration for continued employment as an officer of the Company, the officer will receive an annual salary of $130,000 per year.
As indicated above, the Company recognized various expenses upon the execution of the Settlement Agreement when the expense amounts were first known and quantifiable.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-29
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
The fair value of the warrant and the stock options was estimated at the date of grant by using the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following assumptions: risk-free rate of 6%; volatility of 100%; and an expected holding period of 5 years.
Upon termination of his position, the officer requested and received permission to sell the 47,658 shares of the companys stock that had been awarded to him. On December 8, 2009, the company was informed by the officer that all of these shares had been sold. In addition, the officer elected not to exercise certain of his options that expired on December 24, 2009. The officer, in accordance with Company policy, was required to exercise his remaining options within 90 days of the termination of his position on December 11, 2009. The officer did not exercise his remaining options by March 11, the 90th day.
The former sister-in-law of the Companys former Chairman is an officer of the Company. The amount paid to this individual as salary and bonus in 2009, 2008, 2007 and for the period from August 12, 1999 (date of inception) to December 31, 2009 was $77,165, $86,209, $87,664 and $431,380, respectively.
In 2007, the Company entered into a research agreement with an affiliate of two members of the Companys Board of Directors., pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay an aggregate fee of $150,000 for the research services contracted for. The Company paid $75,000 of this fee in 2007, $10,000 of this fee in 2008, and the balance was paid with options in 2009. In 2010, the Company entered into another research agreement with this affiliate, with funding for the project emanating from venture capital funds controlled by the same two board members. In connection with its funding of the REGEN trial, Ascent Medical Technology Fund II, LP, the Ascent Medical Technology Fund, LP, and Ascent Medical Product Development Centre Inc. are being issued a total of 1,044, 451 shares of the Companys common stock, and warrants to purchase 90,861 shares at exercise prices 20% above the price at which the related common will be issued.
In April and May 2009, the Company sold to two members of the Board of Directors, in a private placement, an aggregate of 965,570 shares of the Companys common stock and warrants to purchase 289,671 shares of the Companys common stock for aggregate gross cash proceeds of $535,000.
In July 2009, the Company sold to a member of the Board of Directors, in a private placement 140,850 shares of the Companys common stock and warrants to purchase 42,255 shares of the Companys common stock for gross cash proceeds of $100,000.
10.
Shareholders Equity
On August 6, 2008, the Company amended its Articles of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of its common stock from 50 million to 75 million shares. This amendment was approved by the Companys shareholders at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders held on July 30, 2008.
In September 2007, by way of a written consent, the Companys shareholders holding a majority of its outstanding shares of common stock, the Companys shareholders approved an amendment to Biohearts Articles of Incorporation, increasing the number of authorized shares of capital stock so that, following the reverse stock split that was effectuated on September 27, 2007, the Company had 50 million shares of common stock authorized with a par value of $0.001 per share and five million shares of preferred stock authorized with a par value of $0.001 per share.
As further discussed in Note 1, on February 22, 2008 the Company completed its IPO pursuant to which it sold 1,100,000 shares of common stock at a price per share of $5.25 for net proceeds of approximately $1.45 million after deducting underwriter discounts of approximately $400,000 and offering costs of approximately $3.92 million. The Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2008 reflects the Companys receipt of
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-30
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
approximately $4.24 million of Proceeds from (payments for) initial public offering of common stock, net. The $4.24 million cash proceeds figure is approximately $2.79 million higher than the $1.45 million net proceeds figure identified above due to payment of $2.79 million of various offering expenses prior to January 1, 2008.
In December 2009, the Company also sold, in a private placement an aggregate of 255,830 shares of its common stock and warrants (the Warrants) to purchase 76,749 shares of its common stock for aggregate gross cash proceeds of approximately $188,996. The Warrants are (i) exercisable solely for cash at a weighted average exercise price of $0.89 per share, (ii) non-transferable for six months following issuance and (iii) exercisable, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time during the period commencing on the date that is six months and one day following the date of issuance and ending on the third year anniversary of the date of issuance.
In 2009, the Company also sold, in a private placement initiated in 2008, an aggregate of 2,509,480 shares of its common stock and warrants (the Warrants) to purchase 752,844 shares of its common stock for aggregate gross cash proceeds of approximately $1,74 million. The Warrants are (i) exercisable solely for cash at a weighted average exercise price of $0.83 per share, (ii) non-transferable for six months following issuance and (iii) exercisable, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time during the period commencing on the date that is six months and one day following the date of issuance and ending on the third year anniversary of the date of issuance. In connection with the private placement, the Company paid to a finder who introduced certain investors to the Company aggregate cash fees of $17,856 and warrants to purchase 26,592 shares of common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $0.89 per share. The warrants issued to the finder have the same terms and conditions as the Warrants issued in the private placement. The 2008 PIPE was closed on October 31, 2009, with total capital raised of $3,887,032.
In 2008, the Company also sold, in a private placement, an aggregate of 1,230,280 shares of its common stock and warrants (the Warrants) to purchase 369,084 shares of its common stock for aggregate gross cash proceeds of approximately $2.14 million. The Warrants are (i) exercisable solely for cash at a weighted average exercise price of $2.09 per share, (ii) non-transferable for six months following issuance and (iii) exercisable, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time during the period commencing on the date that is six months and one day following the date of issuance and ending on the third year anniversary of the date of issuance. In connection with the private placement, the Company paid to a finder who introduced certain investors to the Company aggregate cash fees of $24,325 and warrants to purchase 24,325 shares of common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $1.95 per share. The warrants issued to the finder have the same terms and conditions as the Warrants issued in the private placement.
In 2007, the Company sold 529,432 shares of common stock at a price of $7.69 per share to various investors for net proceeds of approximately $3.9 million.
In 2006, the Company sold 1,069,699 shares of common stock at a price of $7.69 per share to various investors. The Company also issued 63,566 shares in exchange for services at a price ranging from $5.67 to $7.69 per share.
In 2005, the Company sold 1,994,556 shares of common stock at a price of $5.67 per share to various investors. The Company also issued 1,210 shares in exchange for services and issued 95,807 shares in exchange for debt at a price of $5.67 per share.
In 2004, the Company sold 808,570 shares of common stock at a price of $5.67 per share to various investors. The Company also issued 1,854 shares to various vendors in exchange for services valued at $10,500. The Company also issued 15,150 shares to the Company's Chairman of the Board as compensation for services valued at $85,830.
In March 2003, the Company effected a recapitalization. The recapitalization provided two shares of common stock for every one share issued as of that date. The Company's former Chairman of the Board and founding shareholder, who owned 4,405,541 shares of common stock, did not participate in the recapitalization. The number of
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-31
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
shares and prices per share in the accompanying financial statements has been retroactively adjusted to reflect the effect of the recapitalization.
After the 2003 recapitalization, the Company sold 561,701 shares of common stock at a price of $5.67 per share to various investors. The Company issued 72,980 shares valued at $416,383 to employees as compensation for services related to the closing of various locations. The Company also issued 4,248 shares to various vendors in exchange for services valued at $24,066 and issued 67,073 shares to the Company's former Chairman of the Board as compensation for services provided to the Company during 2003 and 2002.
In 2002, the Company sold 1,092,883 shares of common stock at a price of $6.47 per share to various investors. The Company also issued 35,137 shares to various vendors in exchange for services valued at $227,503.
In 2001, the Company sold 985,668 shares of common stock at a price of $6.47 per share to various investors. The Company also issued 8,291 shares to various vendors in exchange for services valued at $54,001 and issued 81,084 shares to the Company's Chairman of the Board as compensation for services provided to the Company during 2001.
In 2000, the Company sold 1,493,575 shares of common stock at a price of $6.47 per share to various investors. Of the 1,493,575 shares sold in 2000, payment on 77,222 of these shares was not received until January 2001. The Company also issued 7,964 shares to various vendors in exchange for services valued at $52,001.
In 1999, the Company's former Chairman of the Board and founding shareholder contributed $400,000 to the Company in exchange for 4,324,458 shares of common stock.
Former Chairman of the Board Paid in and Contributed Capital
In 2006, the Company's former Chairman of the Board was issued 2,903 shares of the Company's common stock at a price of $5.67 per share in exchange for $16,443 of services provided during the year.
In 2005, the Company's former Chairman of the Board was issued 95,807 shares of the Company's common stock at a price of $5.67 per share in exchange for $542,787 of debt due to travel and other related expenses advanced by the Company's Chairman of the Board during the previous three years.
The Company's former Chairman of the Board elected not to receive salary payments of $85,830, $130,000 and $250,000 for services provided to the Company during 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Such amounts were converted into 15,150, 22,946 and 44,127 shares of the Company's common stock at a price of $5.67 per share on December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, where the 2003 and 2002 shares were both issued in 2003.
In 2001, the Company's former Chairman of the Board also elected not to receive a salary payment or a stock conversion of $250,000 for services provided during 2001.
In 2000, the Company's former Chairman of the Board contributed $800,000 to the Company and elected not to receive payment for $250,000 of salary related to services provided to the Company during 2000. Such amounts were recorded as contributed capital during 2000. On June 28, 2001, the Company's Board of Directors approved the conversion of this contributed capital and salary deferral into 81,084 shares of the Company's common stock at a price of $12.94 per share.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-32
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
11.
Stock Options and Warrants
Stock Options
In July 2008, the Board of Directors approved, subject to shareholder approval, the establishment of the Bioheart Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (the Omnibus Plan). The establishment of the Omnibus Plan was approved by the Companys shareholders at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders held on July 30, 2008. Pursuant to the Omnibus Plan, the Company may grant restricted stock, incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, deferred stock, stock awards, performance shares, and other stock-based awards consisting of cash, restricted stock or unrestricted stock in various combinations to the Companys employees, directors and consultants. 5,000,000 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance under the Omnibus Plan. As of December 31, 2008, no instruments had been issued under the Omnibus Plan.
In December 1999, the Company adopted two stock option plans; an employee stock option plan and a directors and consultants stock option plan (collectively referred to as the Stock Option Plans), under which a total of 1,235,559 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance upon exercise of options granted by the Company. In 2001, the Company amended the Stock Option Plans to increase the total shares of common stock reserved for issuance to 1,698,894. In 2003, the Company approved an increase of 308,890 shares, making the total 2,007,784 shares available for issuance under the Stock Option Plans. In 2006, the Company approved an increase of 1,081,114 shares, making the total 3,088,898 shares available for issuance under the Stock Option Plans. The Stock Option Plans provide for the granting of incentive and non-qualified options. The terms of stock options granted under the Stock Option Plans are determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors at the time of grant, including the exercise price, vesting provisions and contractual term of such options. The exercise price of incentive stock options must equal at least the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant, and the exercise price of non-qualified stock options may be no less than the per share par value. The options have terms of up to ten years after the date of grant and become exercisable as determined upon grant, typically over either three or four year periods from the date of grant. Certain outstanding options vested over a one-year period and some vested immediately. On February 24, 2010, by way of a written consent, the Companys Board of Directors amended the Directors and Consultants 1999 Stock Option Plan to extend the termination date of the Plan to December 1, 2011. As of December 31, 2009, 953,315 shares remain available for issuance under the Stock Option Plans.
A summary of options at December 31, 2009 and activity during the year then ended is presented below:
Shares |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (1) |
|||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Options
outstanding at January 1, 2009 |
2,279,619 | $ | 5.11 | |||||||||||||||
Granted |
615,499 | $ | 0.56 | |||||||||||||||
Exercised |
(195,125 | ) | $ | 0.16 | ||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(580,562 | ) | $ | 2.90 | ||||||||||||||
Options
outstanding at December 31, 2009 |
2,119,431 | $ | 3.28 | 5.4 | $ | 20,539 | ||||||||||||
Options
exercisable at December 31, 2009 |
1,788,317 | $ | 3.69 | 4.7 | $ | 16,021 | ||||||||||||
Available for
grant at December 31, 2009 |
5,953,315 |
(1)
The aggregate intrinsic value represents the amount by which the fair market value of the Companys common stock exceeds the exercise price of options at December 31, 2009.
The weighted average fair value of options granted in 2009 and 2008 was $0.66 and $2.08 per share, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised in 2009 was $5,845. Options exercised in 2008 had a total intrinsic value of $104,405.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-33
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
For the twelve month period ended December 31, 2009, the Company recognized a net $132,609 in stock based compensation expense. This amount consisted of $153,688 in stock-based compensation that was included in research and development expenses, which was offset by a net reversal of $21,079 of previously recognized stock-based compensation that was included in marketing, general and administrative expenses.. For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company recognized $1,660,045 in stock-based compensation costs of which approximately $185,000 represented research and development expense and the remaining amount was marketing, general and administrative expense. No tax benefits were attributed to the stock-based compensation expense because a valuation allowance was maintained for all net deferred tax assets. The Company elected to adopt the alternative method of calculating the historical pool of windfall tax benefits as permitted by ASC Topic 718, formerly FSP No. SFAS 123R-c, Transition Election Related to Accounting for the Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards. This is a simplified method to determine the pool of windfall tax benefits that is used in determining the tax effects of stock compensation in the results of operations and cash flow reporting for awards that were outstanding as of the adoption of ASC Topic 718, formerly SFAS No. 123R. At December 31, 2009, the Company had approximately $156,000 of unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested options that is expected to be recognized over the next three years.
The following information applies to options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2009:
Options Outstanding |
Options Exercisable |
||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shares |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
Shares |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
|||||||||||||||||||
$0.71
$1.28 |
1,028,883 | 6.3 | $ | 0.84 | 714,644 | $ | 0.85 | ||||||||||||||||
$2.83
$4.11 |
41,701 | 0.1 | $ | 2.83 | 41,701 | $ | 2.83 | ||||||||||||||||
$5.25
$5.67 |
1,002,479 | 4.6 | $ | 5.58 | 985,604 | $ | 5.59 | ||||||||||||||||
$7.69 |
39,572 | 6.7 | $ | 7.69 | 39,572 | $ | 7.69 | ||||||||||||||||
$8.47 |
6,796 | 7.3 | $ | 8.47 | 6,796 | $ | 8.47 | ||||||||||||||||
2,119,431 | 5.4 | $ | 3.28 | 1,788,317 | $ | 3.69 |
The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine the fair value of options on the date of grant. This model derives the fair value of options based on certain assumptions related to expected stock price volatility, expected option life, risk-free interest rates and dividend yield. The Companys expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of other publicly traded development stage companies in the same industry. Prior to January 1, 2008, the Company estimated the expected term for stock option grants by review of similar data from a peer group of companies. The Company adopted SAB 110 effective January 1, 2008 and will apply the simplified method in SAB 107 until enough historical experience is readily available to provide a reasonable estimate of the expected term for stock option grants. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon the U.S. Treasury yield curve appropriate for the term of the expected life of the options.
For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the following weighted-average assumptions.
For the year ended December 31, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 |
2008 |
||||||||||
Expected
dividend yield |
00.0 | % | 00.0 | % | |||||||
Expected price
volatility |
139 | % | 75.0 | % | |||||||
Risk free
interest rate |
2.44 | % | 3.2 | % | |||||||
Expected life of
options in years |
5.8 | 5.3 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-34
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Expected life of options in years | 5.8 | 5.3 |
Between January 1, 2010 and March 19, 2010, the Company issued options to purchase an aggregate of 750,426 shares of its common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $0.35 per share. These options consisted of the following:
·
stock options to purchase an aggregate of 307,692 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.001 per share issued to a related party as discussed in Note 9. The options vested immediately upon issuance and will expire on the tenth anniversary of the issuance date.
·
stock options to purchase an aggregate of 59,320 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.001 per share issued to Consultants. The options vested immediately upon issuance and will expire on the tenth anniversary of the issuance date.
·
stock options to purchase an aggregate of 250,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.68 per share issued to certain members of the Companys Board of Directors. The options vested immediately upon issuance and will expire on the tenth anniversary of the issuance date.
·
Stock options to purchase an aggregate of 133,414 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.68 per share issued to employees. The options vest in 4 equal annual installments, commencing one month after the date of grant, and will expire on the tenth anniversary of the issuance date.
In its meeting of August 12, 2009, the Board of Directors approved the repricing of current employees stock options (other than Executive Officers). In accordance with regulations concerning such a repricing and in conformance with generally accepted procedures, all options granted before August 12, 2008, were repriced on the basis of the 5-day average closing price of BHRT, during the period of August 11 through August 17, 2009.
The following information applies to the repricing which occurred as of October 8, 2009.
Original Exercise Price |
New Exercise Price |
Number of shares underlying Options |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
$1.28...... |
$ | 0.71 | 61,778 | |||||||
$4.11...... |
$ | 0.71 | 10,000 | |||||||
$5.67...... |
$ | 0.71 | 409,144 | |||||||
$7.69...... |
$ | 0.71 | 12,851 | |||||||
$8.47...... |
$ | 0.71 | 38,163 | |||||||
531,936 |
Of those options listed above, 61,778 expired in December 2009 without having been exercised.
Stock Warrants
The Company does not have a formal plan in place for the issuance of stock warrants. However, at times, the Company will issue warrants to non-employees or in connection with financing transactions. The exercise price, vesting period, and term of these warrants is determined by the Companys Board of Directors at the time of issuance. A summary of warrants at December 31, 2009 and activity during the year then ended is presented below:
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-35
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Shares |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
|||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outstanding
at January 1, 2009 |
2,951,018 | $ | 6.65 | |||||||||||||||
Issued |
4,601,677 | $ | 0.65 | |||||||||||||||
Exercised |
173,638 | $ | 0.53 | |||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
24,000 | $ | 0.61 | |||||||||||||||
Outstanding
at December 31, 2009 |
7,355,057 | $ | 3.06 | 9.4 | $ | 511,981 | ||||||||||||
Exercisable
at December 31, 2009 |
4,428,323 | $ | 2.15 | 7.5 | $ | 472,250 |
·
In 2009, the Company issued warrants in a private placement to purchase an aggregate of 856,188 shares of its common stock, as discussed in Note 10. Excluding the aforementioned warrants, the weighted average fair value of warrants issued in 2009 was $0.60 per share. The weighted average fair value of warrants issued in 2008 was $2.23 per share.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine the fair value of warrants on the date of issuance. The Companys expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of other publicly traded development stage companies in the same industry. The expected life of the warrants is based primarily on the contractual life of the warrants. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon the U.S. Treasury yield curve appropriate for the term of the expected life of the warrants.
For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the fair value of warrants issued in transactions that resulted in the recognition of expense, was estimated on the date of issuance using the following weighted-average assumptions.
For the year ended December 31, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Expected
dividend yield |
00.0 | % | 00.0 | % | |||||||
Expected price
volatility |
1.0 | % | 75.0 | % | |||||||
Risk free
interest rate |
2.8 | % | 3.4 | % | |||||||
Expected life of
options in years |
10.0 | 6.4 |
The following information applies to warrants outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2009:
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-36
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Warrants Outstanding |
Warrants Exercisable |
||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shares |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
Shares |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
|||||||||||||||||||
$0.52
$0.68 |
3,018,626 | 8.6 | $ | 0.58 | 2,909,663 | $ | 0.58 | ||||||||||||||||
$0.70
$1.89 |
1,370,136 | 1.0 | $ | 0.36 | 117,092 | $ | 0.86 | ||||||||||||||||
$1.90
$2.60 |
413,686 | 1.8 | $ | 2.08 | 393,409 | $ | 2.08 | ||||||||||||||||
$3.60
$4.93 |
105,000 | 3.7 | $ | 4.87 | 105,000 | $ | 4.87 | ||||||||||||||||
$5.67
$7.69 |
2,447,609 | 13.2 | $ | 7.47 | 903,159 | $ | 7.09 | ||||||||||||||||
7,355,057 | 8.3 | $ | 2.98 | 4,428,323 | $ | 2.15 |
Between January 1, 2010 and March 19, 2010, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 294,015 shares of its common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $0.68 per share. These warrants consisted of the following:
·
Warrants to purchase 294,015 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.64 to $0.79. These warrants were issued in connection with private placement discussed in Note 16. The warrant vests six months following issuance and expires on the third year anniversary of the date of issuance.
12.
Deferred Compensation
Through December 31, 2005, the Company granted stock options to various consultants and advisory board members. For accounting purposes, the measurement date for these options is when the counterpartys performance is complete and, therefore, these options are required to be remeasured as of each balance sheet date. The Company determined the fair value of the options using the Black-Scholes valuation model in accordance with ASC Topic 718, formerly SFAS No. 123. Through December 31, 2005, such amount was recorded as deferred compensation and was being amortized over the vesting period of the related options, which is generally three years. Effective January 1, 2006, upon the adoption of ASC Topic 718, formerly SFAS No. 123R, the amount of deferred compensation was reclassified to additional paid-in capital.
13.
Income Taxes
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Companys net deferred income taxes are as follows:
December 31, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Deferred tax
assets: |
|||||||||||
Stock-based
compensation and others |
$ | 5,518,516 | $ | 5,436,000 | |||||||
Net operating
loss carry forward |
32,303,632 | 30,944,000 | |||||||||
Total deferred
tax assets |
37,822,148 | 36,380,000 | |||||||||
Valuation
allowance for deferred tax assets |
(37,822,148 | ) | (36,380,000 | ) | |||||||
Net deferred tax
assets |
$ | | $ | |
SFAS No. 109 requires a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if, based on the weight of the evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-37
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
After consideration of all the evidence, both positive and negative, management has determined that a valuation allowance of approximately $37,822,148 as of December 31, 2009 is necessary to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that will more likely than not be realized. The change in the valuation allowance for 2009 was approximately $1,442,636. The effective tax rate of 0% differs from the statutory rate of 35% for all periods presented due primarily to the valuation allowance.
As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company had federal income tax net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $85,845,422 and $82,232,000, respectively. The operating loss carry forwards will expire beginning in 2019.
14.
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company issued warrants in connection with notes payable with an aggregate fair value of $1,580,575 and $168,387, respectively.
At December 31, 2007, the Company had included in accounts payable and accrued expenses, an aggregate of $695,247 of costs incurred in connection with its initial public offering of shares of its common stock.
15. Unaudited Quarterly Financial Information
The following table presents selected quarterly financial information for the periods indicated. This information has been derived from the Companys unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements, which in the opinion of management includes all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of such information. The quarterly per share data presented below was calculated separately and may not sum to the annual figures presented in the consolidated financial statements. These operating results are also not necessarily indicative of results for any future period.
| Three Months Ended | ||||||
| March 31 |
| June 30 |
| September 30 |
| December 31 |
2009 |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Revenues | $ 109,090 | $ 97,795 |
| $ 17,250 |
| $ 135,665 | |
Gross profit | 59,793 | 34,311 |
| 6,317 |
| 54,365 | |
Development revenue | --- | --- | --- | | |||
Net loss | (1,816,420) | (1,676,199) |
| (2,238,621) |
| 1,886,991 | |
Loss per share basic and diluted | $ (0.11) | $ ( 0.10) | $ (0.13) |
| $ 0.12 | ||
Weighted average shares outstanding basic and diluted | 15,931,615 | 17,260,868 | 16,618,813 |
| 16,108,633 | ||
| |||||||
2008 | |||||||
Revenues | $ 25,995 | $ 16,786 | $ 6,990 | $ 7,280 | |||
Gross profit | 22,870 | 12,265 | 3,674 | 7,280 | |||
Development revenue | 61,500 | 15,000 | 20,500 | | |||
Net loss | (3,291,048) | (3,861,351) | (4,405,756) | (2,646,770) | |||
Loss per share basic and diluted | $ (0.24) | $ ( 0.27) | $ (0.30) | $ (0.17) | |||
Weighted average shares outstanding basic and diluted | 13,854,830 | 14,447,138 | 14,459,897 | 15,602,064 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-38
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
16.
Subsequent Events
Private Placement Common Stock and Warrants
In January 2010, the Company sold, in a private placement, an aggregate of 162,460 shares of the Companys common stock and warrants to purchase 48,738 shares of the Companys common stock for aggregate gross cash proceeds of $105,964. The warrants are (i) exercisable solely for cash at an exercise price of $0.71 to $0.79 per share, (ii) non-transferable for six months following issuance and (iii) exercisable, in whole or in part, at any time during the period commencing on the date that is six months and one day following the date of issuance and ending on the third year anniversary of the date of issuance.
In February 2010, the Company sold, in a private placement, an aggregate of 260,050 shares of the Companys common stock and warrants to purchase 78,015 shares of the Companys common stock for aggregate gross cash proceeds of $149,441. The warrants are (i) exercisable solely for cash at an exercise price of $0.68 to $0.70 per share, (ii) non-transferable for six months following issuance and (iii) exercisable, in whole or in part, at any time during the period commencing on the date that is six months and one day following the date of issuance and ending on the third year anniversary of the date of issuance.
As of March 17, 2010, the Company sold, in a private placement, an aggregate of 2,027,890 shares of the Companys common stock and warrants to purchase 608,367 shares of the Companys common stock for aggregate gross cash proceeds of $199,191. The warrants are (i) exercisable solely for cash at an exercise price of $0.64 to $0.65 per share, (ii) non-transferable for six months following issuance and (iii) exercisable, in whole or in part, at any time during the period commencing on the date that is six months and one day following the date of issuance and ending on the third year anniversary of the date of issuance.
Related Party Transactions
In February 2010, the Company sold to four members of the Board of Directors, in a private placement, an aggregate of 121,450 shares of the Companys common stock and warrants to purchase 36,435 shares of the Companys common stock for aggregate gross cash proceeds of $70,441.
In connection with its funding of the REGEN trial, Ascent Medical Technology Fund II, LP, the Ascent Medical Technology Fund, LP, and Ascent Medical Product Development Centre Inc. are being issued a total of 1, 044, 451 shares of the Companys common stock, and warrants to purchase 90,861 shares at exercise prices 20% above the price at which the related common will be issued.
On March 11, 2010, the options owned by the cousin of the former Chairman expired unexercised. These have been returned to the options pool.
On March 23, 2010, the Company announced that it would establish five Centers of Excellence for treatment of cardiovascular disease in Latin America and South America. The first Center is Regenerative Medicine Institute of Tijuana, Mexico, a leading treatment center. These Centers will offer treatment for cardiovascular issues using Biohearts cell therapies.
Mr. and Mrs. Howard J. Leonhardt filed divorce papers, with an effective date of February 25, 2010. Pursuant to the divorce, their jointly owned shares and their ownership of the loan to Bioheart which they hold as a result of their payment of $3 million of principal and related interest to Bank of America on behalf of Bioheart, would be divided equally between them. As a result, Howard Leonhardts common shares are now reduced to 2,513,840 and his percentage shareholding of the Company to 13.8%, with Brenda Leonhardt assuming ownership of the same number of common shares and percentage shareholding of the Company. Their commonly owned loan and related interest, as of
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-39
Bioheart, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(A development stage enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
March 29, 2010, $4,140,201 has been equally split. Howard Leonhardt, on March 29, 2010, elected to convert his portion of the loan and related interest to restricted common stock and warrants. As a result, Howard Leonhardt, the former chairman of the Company, currently the Chief Scientific and Technology Officer, holds 6,171,260 common shares, 13,189 options, 1,244,177 warrants, and approximately 24 percentage of the Company.
Other
On February 24, 2010, by way of a written consent, the Companys Board of Directors amended the Directors and Consultants 1999 Stock Option Plan to extend the termination date of the Plan to December 1, 2011.
On February 10, 2010, the Board of Directors asked Peggy A. Farley to serve as Chief Financial Officer in addition to serving as Chief Operating Officer and asked Mark P. Borman to serve as Chairman of the Audit Committee. Both agreed. The change enabled increased autonomy between executive management and the Audit Committee.
In March of 2010, one of the Guarantors paid directly to Bank of America the $672,000 of the loan that he had been guaranteeing, and a pro rata portion of accrued interest on behalf of the Company. That Guarantor agreed to accept from the Company the equivalent of his payment to Bank of America in restricted common stock and warrants. With his acceptance of the restricted common stock and warrants, the former Guarantor owns 8% of the Company.
Thus, the outstanding obligation to Bank of America was reduced to $1.3 million plus interest.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-40
INDEX OF EXHIBITS
As required under Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, the exhibits filed as part of this report are provided in this separate section. The exhibits included in this section are as follows:
Exhibit No. |
| Description |
|
|
|
23.1 |
| Consent of Jewett, Schwartz, Wolfe & Associates |
31.1 |
| Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
31.2 |
| Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
32.1 |
| Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
4.12 |
| Directors and Consultants 1999 Stock Option Plan as amended February 24, 2010 |