UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. - Quarter Report: 2014 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014

or

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number 001-33251

UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

1110 W. Commercial Blvd., Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33309

(Address of principal executive offices)

(954) 958-1200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer” and “accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 35,434,617 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding on April 28, 2014.

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UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC.

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To The Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Universal Insurance Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Fort Lauderdale, Florida

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of Universal Insurance Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) and its Subsidiaries as of March 31, 2014 and the related condensed consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, and cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ Plante & Moran, PLLC

Chicago, Illinois

May 8, 2014

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

(in thousands)

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

1. Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation

Nature of Operations

Universal Insurance Holdings, Inc. (“UIH”) is a Delaware corporation originally incorporated as Universal Heights, Inc. in November 1990. UIH and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) are a vertically integrated insurance holding company performing all aspects of insurance underwriting, distribution and claims. Through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Universal Property & Casualty Insurance Company (“UPCIC”) and American Platinum Property and Casualty Insurance Company (“APPCIC”), collectively referred to as the “Insurance Entities”, the Company is principally engaged in the property and casualty insurance business offered primarily through a network of independent agents. Risk from catastrophic losses is managed through the use of reinsurance agreements. The Company’s primary product is homeowners insurance offered in seven states as of March 31, 2014, including Florida, which comprises the vast majority of the Company’s in-force policies. See “—Note 5 (Insurance Operations)” for more information regarding the Company’s insurance operations.

The Company generates revenues primarily from the collection of premiums and the investment of available funds in excess of those retained for claims-paying obligations and insurance operations. Other significant sources of revenue include commissions collected from reinsurers and policy fees.

Basis of Presentation

The Company has prepared the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (“Financial Statements”) in accordance with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. Therefore, the Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, filed with the SEC on March 3, 2014. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2013, was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the Financial Statements. The results for interim periods do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

To conform to current period presentation, certain amounts in the prior periods’ consolidated financial statements and notes have been reclassified. Such reclassifications were of an immaterial amount and had no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity.

The Financial Statements include the accounts of UIH and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Management must make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the Company’s Financial Statements and in disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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2. Significant Accounting Policies

The Company reported Significant Accounting Policies in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013. There are no new or revised disclosures or disclosures required on a quarterly basis.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In July 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued accounting guidance on the presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward exists. Under this guidance, an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, should generally be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward. This guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2013, but earlier adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2014. The adoption did not have an impact on the presentation of the Company’s financial statements and notes herein.

In June 2011, the FASB updated its guidance to the Comprehensive Income Topic 220 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification and in February 2013, the FASB further amended such topic. This February 2013 guidance requires disclosure about amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component. In addition, an entity is required to present, either on the face of the statement of operations or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income, but only if the amount reclassified is required to be reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period. For amounts that are not required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures that provide additional detail about those amounts. This guidance is to be applied prospectively to interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2013. The adoption of this guidance results in additional disclosures but did not impact the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial position. The updated guidance provided by the FASB in June 2011 increases the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income by eliminating the option of presenting components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. The guidance requires that total comprehensive income (including both the net income components and other comprehensive income components) be reported in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income (the approach currently used in the Company’s financial statements), or two separate but consecutive statements. This guidance is to be applied retrospectively to fiscal years (and interim periods within those years) beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2012. The adoption did not have an impact on the presentation of the Company’s financial statements and notes herein, as the Company has presented amounts of other comprehensive income consistent with this updated guidance.

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3. Investments

The Company liquidated its trading portfolio of equity securities and transferred the fixed maturities that were outstanding at December 31, 2012 into its portfolio of securities available for sale effective March 1, 2013. The unrealized gain (loss) associated with the fixed maturities trading portfolio was recognized in earnings up to the date of transfer.

The following table presents the Company’s investment holdings by type of instrument as of the dates presented (in thousands):

The Company has made an assessment of its invested assets for fair value measurement as further described in “— Note 13 (Fair Value Measurements)”.

The following table presents the components of net investment income, comprised primarily of interest and dividends, for the periods presented (in thousands):

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Trading Portfolio

The following table provides the effect of trading activities on the Company’s results of operations for the period presented by type of instrument and by line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (in thousands):

There was no effect of trading activities for the three months ended March 31, 2014 as the Company liquidated its trading portfolio in March 2013.

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Securities Available for Sale

The following table provides the cost or amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale as of the dates presented (in thousands):

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The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses on securities available for sale, aggregated by major investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of the dates presented (in thousands):

At March 31, 2014, we held fixed maturity and equity securities that were in an unrealized loss position as presented in the table above. For fixed maturity securities with significant declines in value, we perform quarterly fundamental credit analysis on a security-by-security basis, which includes consideration of credit quality and credit ratings, review of relevant industry analyst reports and other available market data. For fixed maturity and equity securities, the Company considers whether it has the intent and ability to hold the securities for a period of time sufficient to recover its cost basis. Where the Company lacks the intent and ability to hold to recovery, or believes the recovery period is extended, the security’s decline in fair value is considered other than temporary and is recorded in earnings. Based upon the limited severity and duration of the unrealized losses combined with management’s intent and ability to hold the securities until recovery and its credit analysis of the individual issuers of the securities, management has no reason to believe the unrealized losses for securities available for sale at March 31, 2014 are other than temporary.

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The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities available for sale by contractual maturity as of the date presented (in thousands):

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay with or without penalty.

The following table provides certain information related to securities available for sale during the period presented (in thousands):

There was no sale activity of securities available for sale during the three months ended March 31, 2013.

4. Reinsurance

The Company seeks to reduce its risk of loss by reinsuring certain levels of risk in various areas of exposure with other insurance enterprises or reinsurers, generally as of the beginning of the hurricane season on June 1 of each year. The Company’s reinsurance program consists of excess of loss, quota share and catastrophe reinsurance, subject to the terms and conditions of the applicable agreements. The Company is responsible for insured losses related to catastrophes and other events in excess of coverage provided by its reinsurance program. The Company also remains responsible for the settlement of insured losses in the event of the failure of any of its reinsurers to make payments otherwise due to the Company.

Amounts recoverable from reinsurers are estimated in a manner consistent with the reinsurance contracts. Reinsurance premiums, losses and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) are accounted for on a basis consistent with those used in accounting for the original policies issued and the terms of the reinsurance contracts. Deferred ceding commissions are netted against policy acquisition costs and amortized over the effective period of the related insurance policies.

In order to reduce credit risk for amounts due from reinsurers, the Insurance Entities seek to do business with financially sound reinsurance companies and regularly evaluate the financial strength of all reinsurers used.

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The following table presents ratings from rating agencies and the unsecured amounts due from the Company’s reinsurers whose aggregate balance exceeded 3% of the Company’s stockholders’ equity as of the dates presented (in thousands):

n/a—No rating available

The Company’s reinsurance arrangements had the following effect on certain items in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the periods presented (in thousands):

The following prepaid reinsurance premiums and reinsurance recoverable and receivable are reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the dates presented (in thousands):

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5. Insurance Operations

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs, net

The Company defers certain costs in connection with written policies, called Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs (“DPAC”), net of corresponding amounts of ceded reinsurance commissions, called Deferred Reinsurance Ceding Commissions (“DRCC”). Net DPAC is amortized over the effective period of the related insurance policies.

The following table presents the beginning and ending balances and the changes in DPAC, net of DRCC, for the periods presented (in thousands):

Liability for Unpaid Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses

Set forth in the following table is the change in liability for unpaid losses and LAE for the periods presented (in thousands):

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Regulatory Requirements and Restrictions

The Insurance Entities are subject to regulations and standards of the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation (“OIR”). These standards require the Insurance Entities to maintain specified levels of statutory capital and restrict the timing and amount of dividends and other distributions that may be paid to the parent company. Except in the case of extraordinary dividends, these standards generally permit dividends to be paid from statutory unassigned surplus of the regulated subsidiary and are limited based on the regulated subsidiary’s level of statutory net income and statutory capital and surplus. The maximum dividend that may be paid by UPCIC and APPCIC to their immediate parent company, Universal Insurance Holding Company of Florida (“UIHCF”), without prior approval is limited to the lesser of statutory net income from operations of the preceding calendar year or 10.0% of statutory unassigned surplus as of the preceding year end. These dividends are referred to as “ordinary dividends” and generally can be paid without prior regulatory approval. If the dividend, together with other dividends paid within the preceding twelve months, exceeds a specified statutory limit or is paid from sources other than earned surplus, the entire dividend is generally considered an “extraordinary dividend” and must receive prior regulatory approval.

Based on the 2013 statutory net income and statutory capital and surplus levels, UPCIC has the capacity to pay ordinary dividends of $290 thousand during 2014. However, APPCIC does not have the capacity to pay ordinary dividends during 2014. For the three months ended March 31, 2014, no dividends were paid from UPCIC or APPCIC to UIHCF. Dividends paid to the shareholders of UIH are paid from the earnings of UIH and its non-insurance subsidiaries and not from the capital and surplus of the Insurance Entities.

The Florida Insurance Code requires companies to maintain capitalization equivalent to the greater of ten percent of the insurer’s total liabilities or $5.0 million. The following table presents the amount of statutory capital and surplus, and an amount representing ten percent of total liabilities for both UPCIC and APPCIC as of the dates presented (in thousands):

As of the dates in the table above, both UPCIC and APPCIC met the Florida capitalization requirement. UPCIC and APPCIC are also required to adhere to prescribed premium-to-capital surplus ratios and have met those requirements at such dates.

The Insurance Entities are required by various state laws and regulations to maintain certain assets in depository accounts. The following table represents assets held by insurance regulators as of the dates presented (in thousands):

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6. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consists of a surplus note entered into by UPCIC with carrying amounts of $18.4 million and $18.8 million as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively; a term loan with carrying amounts of $18.7 million and $18.5 million as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively; and any amounts drawn upon an unsecured line of credit.

On March 29, 2013, UIH entered into a revolving loan agreement and related revolving note with Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (“Deutsche Bank”), amended as of May 23, 2013 (“DB Loan”). The DB Loan makes available to UIH an unsecured line of credit in an aggregate amount not to exceed $10.0 million. The DB Loan contains financial covenants and as of March 31, 2014, UIH was in compliance with such covenants. UIH had not drawn any amounts under the unsecured line of credit as of March 31, 2014.

On May 23, 2013, UIH entered into a $20 million unsecured term loan agreement and related term note (“Term Loan”) with RenaissanceRe Ventures Ltd. (“RenRe Ventures”). See “—Note 8 (Related Party Transactions)” for a discussion of a series of agreements entered into with RenRe Ventures and its affiliate Renaissance Reinsurance Ltd. (“RenRe”). The Term Loan contains financial covenants and as of March 31, 2014, UIH was in compliance with such covenants.

The following table provides the principal amount and unamortized original issue discount of the Term Loan as of the dates presented (in thousands):

Amortization of the original issue discount is included in interest expense, a component of general and administrative expenses, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and was $250 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2014.

Should UIH default on either the DB Loan or the Term Loan, it will be prohibited from paying dividends to its shareholders.

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7. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

The following table summarizes the activity relating to shares of the Company’s common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2014 (in thousands):

In January 2014, UIH entered into a repurchase agreement with Bradley I. Meier, the Company’s former Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, to repurchase 675 thousand shares of UIH’s common stock owned by Mr. Meier. The repurchase of 675 thousand of Mr. Meier’s shares occurred on January 2, 2014 for a repurchase price of $11.11 per share, representing a discount from the then-current market price of UIH’s common stock.

In February 2014, Mr. Meier converted 8,000 shares of Series M Preferred Stock, at a conversion ratio of 5:1, into 40,000 shares of UIH’s common stock.

In March 2014, UIH entered into a repurchase agreement with Mr. Meier to repurchase an additional 550 thousand shares of UIH’s common stock owned by him. The repurchase of 550 thousand of Mr. Meier’s shares occurred on March 25, 2014 for a repurchase price of $13.16 per share, representing a discount from the then-current market price of UIH’s common stock.

Dividends

On January 30, 2014, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.10 per share on its outstanding common stock paid on March 3, 2014, to the shareholders of record at the close of business on February 19, 2014.

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8. Related Party Transactions

Downes and Associates, a multi-line insurance adjustment corporation based in Deerfield Beach, Florida performed certain claims adjusting work for UPCIC. Downes and Associates is owned by Dennis Downes, who is the father of Sean P. Downes, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. All amounts paid to Downes and Associates were no greater than amounts that would need to be paid to third parties on an arm’s-length basis for similar services. The Company’s agreement with Downes and Associates was terminated effective November 30, 2013 and on December 1, 2013 Dennis Downes became an employee of the Company.

Scott P. Callahan, a director of the Company, provides the Company with consulting services and advice with respect to the Company’s reinsurance and related matters through SPC Global RE Advisors LLC, an entity affiliated with Mr. Callahan. The Company entered into the consulting agreement with SPC Global RE Advisors LLC effective June 6, 2013.

The following table provides payments made by the Company to Downes and Associates and SPC Global RE Advisors LLC for the periods presented (in thousands):

There were no amounts due to SPC Global RE Advisors LLC as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. Payments due to Downes and Associates and SPC Global RE Advisors LLC were or are generally made in the month the services are provided.

RenRe currently is, and has been, a participant in the Company’s reinsurance programs. On May 23, 2013, the Company entered into a series of contracts with RenRe and its affiliate, RenRe Ventures. As discussed in “—Note 6 (Long-Term Debt)”, UIH entered into an unsecured Term Loan with RenRe Ventures. The Term Loan is part of a series of agreements entered into by the Company, RenRe and RenRe Ventures pursuant to which, among other things, the Company has purchased a catastrophe risk-linked transaction contract from RenRe and entered into an agreement whereby RenRe will reserve reinsurance capacity for the Company’s reinsurance programs and receive a right of first refusal in respect of a portion thereof. As part of the series of agreements with RenRe and RenRe Ventures, on May 23, 2013, UIH, RenRe Ventures and Mr. Bradley Meier agreed to assign to RenRe Ventures a portion of UIH’s right of first refusal to repurchase shares of its common stock owned by Mr. Meier under the first repurchase agreement entered into on April 1, 2013. RenRe Ventures had a right of first refusal to repurchase one-third of the shares offered by Mr. Meier to any third party, up to the lesser of 2 million shares or 4.99% of UIH’s outstanding common stock, through December 31, 2014. In March 2014, Mr. Meier entered into separate transactions with each of UIH and a third party in which he sold an aggregate of 1,650,000 shares of UIH’s common stock. As a result of these transactions, Mr. Meier now owns less than 5 percent of UIH’s outstanding common stock and according to the terms of the rights of first refusal of each of UIH and RenRe Ventures, UIH and RenRe Ventures no longer have a right of first refusal to purchase shares of UIH common stock owned by Mr. Meier.

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9. Income Taxes

During the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recorded approximately $9.6 million and $7.8 million, respectively, of income taxes, which resulted in effective tax rates of 41.4% and 39.5%, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal income tax rate due to state income taxes and certain nondeductible items.

Tax years that remain open for purposes of examination of the Company’s income tax liability due to taxing authorities, include the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010. However, there is currently an IRS examination underway related to the loss carryback of realized losses from securities sold during 2012 applied to the 2009 tax year.

10. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, excluding any dilutive common share equivalents. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution resulting from exercises of stock options, vesting of restricted stock and conversion of preferred stock.

The following table reconciles the numerator (i.e., income) and denominator (i.e., shares) of the basic and diluted earnings per share computations for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share data):

The Company purchased 1.225 million of additional shares of UIH’s common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2014, which further decreased weighted average common shares outstanding and weighted average diluted common shares outstanding for the period. The effect of cumulative purchases since April 2013 was to increase diluted earnings per common share by $0.07 for the three month period ended March 31, 2014. There were no repurchases of UIH’s common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2013. See “—Note 7 (Stockholders’ Equity)” for details on the repurchases of UIH’s common stock.

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11. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table provides the components of other comprehensive income (loss) on a pre-tax and after-tax basis for the period presented (in thousands):

Other comprehensive income was less than five hundred dollars for the three months ended March 31, 2013.

The following table provides the reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income for the period presented (in thousands):

There were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2013.

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12. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

Certain lawsuits have been filed against the Company. These lawsuits involve matters that are routine litigation incidental to the claims aspect of the Company’s business for which estimated losses are included in Unpaid Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses in the Company’s Financial Statements. In the opinion of management, these lawsuits are not material individually or in the aggregate to the Company’s financial position or results of operations. Accruals made or assessments of materiality of disclosure related to probable or possible losses do not consider any anticipated insurance proceeds.

Other

In July 2013, UPCIC entered into a lease agreement (“Lease Agreement”) for an office building adjacent to its principal office in Fort Lauderdale, Florida (“Property”) and expects to use the Property for additional office and storage space. The Company took possession of the office building and began monthly rental payments in October 2013.

Also in July 2013, UPCIC entered into a purchase agreement to acquire the Property (“Purchase Agreement”). The Purchase Agreement provides that the closing for the sale of the Property will take place no later than February 5, 2015. The closing for the sale of the Property is subject to certain closing conditions. The purchase price for the Property is $5.99 million, and UPCIC will receive a credit toward the purchase price for a portion of the rent it pays under the Lease Agreement.

13. Fair Value Measurements

GAAP defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. GAAP describes three approaches to measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: the market approach, the income approach and the cost approach. Each approach includes multiple valuation techniques. GAAP does not prescribe which valuation technique should be used when measuring fair value, but does establish a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used in applying the various techniques. Inputs broadly refer to the assumptions that market participants use to make pricing decisions, including assumptions about risk. Level 1 inputs are given the highest priority in the hierarchy while Level 3 inputs are given the lowest priority. Assets and liabilities carried at fair value are classified in one of the following three categories based on the nature of the inputs to the valuation technique used:

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Summary of significant valuation techniques for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis

Level 1

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents: Cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents comprise actively traded money market funds that have daily quoted net asset values for identical assets that the Company can access. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value due to its liquid nature.

Common stock: Comprise actively traded, exchange-listed U.S. and international equity securities. Valuation is based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that the Company can access.

Mutual funds: Comprise actively traded funds. Valuation is based on daily quoted net asset values for identical assets in active markets that the Company can access.

Level 2

U.S. government obligations and agencies: Comprise U.S. Treasury Bills or Notes or U.S. Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS). The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical assets in inactive markets or similar assets in active or inactive markets, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields and credit spreads.

Corporate Bonds: Comprise investment-grade fixed income securities. The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical assets in inactive markets or similar assets in active or inactive markets, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields and credit spreads.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities: Comprise securities that are collateralized by mortgage obligations and other assets. The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical assets in inactive markets or similar assets in active or inactive markets, contractual cash flows, benchmark yields, collateral performance and credit spreads.

As required by GAAP, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the placement of the asset or liability within the fair value hierarchy levels.

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The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s assets that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates presented (in thousands):

The Company utilizes third-party independent pricing services that provide a price quote for each fixed maturity and equity security. Management reviews the methodology used by the pricing services. If management believes that the price used by the pricing service does not reflect an orderly transaction between participants, management will use an alternative valuation methodology. There were no adjustments made by the Company to the prices obtained from the independent pricing source for any fixed maturities or equity securities included in the tables above.

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The following table summarizes the carrying value and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments that are not carried at fair value as of the dates presented (in thousands):