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US XPRESS ENTERPRISES INC - Annual Report: 2006 (Form 10-K)

Total Transportation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm



UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
 
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006
 
OR
 
 oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 0-24806
 


(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
Nevada
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
62-1378182
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
4080 Jenkins Road
 
Chattanooga, Tennessee
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
37421
(Zip Code)

(423) 510-3000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
 
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Class A Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value - The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
 
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.      Yes o  No x
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.   Yes o No x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o.
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendments to this Form 10-Ko.
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Act.
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.)    Yes o  No x
 
As of June 30, 2006, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $262,138,583 (based upon the $27.02 closing sale price on that date as reported by NASDAQ). In making this calculation the registrant has assumed, without admitting for any purpose, that all executive officers, directors, and holders of more than 10% of a class of outstanding common stock, and no other persons, are affiliates.
 
As of March 12, 2007, the registrant had 12,181,572 shares of Class A Common Stock and 3,040,262 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding.
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: The information set forth under Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of this Report is incorporated by reference from the registrant’s definitive proxy statement mailed to stockholders for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 11, 2007.




U.S. XPRESS ENTERPRISES, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
ITEM NO.
 
PAGE NO.
 
PART I
 
     
Item 1
3
Item 1A
8
Item 1B
12
Item 2
13
Item 3
13
Item 4
13
     
 
PART II
 
     
Item 5
 
14
Item 6
16
Item 7
17
Item 7A
27
Item 8
28
Item 9
48
Item 9A
48
Item 9B
49
     
 
PART III
 
     
Item 10
49
Item 11
49
Item 12
49
Item 13
50
Item 14
50
     
 
PART IV
 
     
Item 15
50
     
 
54
     
   



PART I
 
 
ITEM 1.  BUSINESS
 
This Annual Report contains certain statements that may be considered forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including without limitation: any projections of earnings, revenues, or other financial items; any statement of plans, strategies, and objectives of management for future operations; any statements concerning proposed new services or developments; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; and any statements of belief and any statement of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Such statements may be identified by their use of terms or phrases such as "expects," "estimates," "projects," "believes," "anticipates," "intends," and similar terms and phrases. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, which could cause future events and actual results to differ materially from those set forth in, contemplated by, or underlying the forward-looking statements. Readers should review and consider the factors discussed in "Risk Factors" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, along with various disclosures in our press releases, stockholder reports, and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

All such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The Company expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in the Company's expectations with regard thereto or any change in the events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statement is based.
 
References in this Annual Report to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” or similar terms refer to U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
 
 
GENERAL
 
We are the fifth largest publicly traded truckload carrier in the United States, measured by revenue, according to Transport Topics, a publication of the American Trucking Association, or ATA. Our primary business is offering a broad range of truckload services to customers throughout the United States and in portions of Canada and Mexico. We also offer transportation, warehousing, and distribution services to the floorcovering industry. Since becoming a public company, we have increased our operating revenue to $1.5 billion in 2006 from $215.4 million in 1994, a compounded annual growth rate of 17.4%. Our growth has come through expansion of business with new and existing customers and complementary acquisitions. Our operating revenue increased 26.4% to $1.5 billion in 2006 from $1.2 billion in 2005. Net income for the year increased 113.1% to $20.1 million, or $1.29 per diluted share, compared with net income of $9.4 million, or $0.59 per diluted share for the prior year period.
 
In 2006, our Xpress Global Systems segment positively impacted the results of operations by continued improvement in pricing and yield management, operational efficiencies and reduced overhead expenditures, as well as the divestiture of our unprofitable airport-to-airport business during 2005.
 
Truckload Segment
Our truckload segment, U.S. Xpress, Inc. (“U.S. Xpress”), Arnold Transportation, Inc. (“Arnold”), and Total Transportation of Mississippi LLC (“Total”), which comprised approximately 94% of our total operating revenue in 2006, includes the following six strategic business units, each of which is significant in its market:
 
 U.S. Xpress dedicated
Our approximately 1,620 tractor dedicated unit offers our customers dedicated equipment, drivers, and on-site personnel to address customers’ needs for committed capacity and service levels, while affording us consistent equipment utilization during the contract term.
 U.S. Xpress regional and solo over-the-road
Our approximately 3,050 tractor regional and solo over-the-road unit offers our customers a high level of service in dense freight markets of the Southeast, Midwest, and West, in addition to providing nationwide coverage.
 U.S. Xpress expedited intermodal rail
Our railroad contracts for high-speed train service enable us to provide our customers incremental capacity and transit times comparable to solo-driver service in medium-to-long haul markets, while lowering our costs.
 U.S. Xpress expedited team
Our approximately 750 team driver unit offers our customers a service advantage over medium-to-long haul rail and solo-driver truck service at a much lower cost than airfreight, while affording us premium rates and improved utilization of equipment.
 Arnold
Arnold is a dry van truckload carrier headquartered in Florida with approximately 1,500 trucks, and offers regional, dedicated, and medium length-of-haul service primarily in the Northeast, Southeast, and Southwest United States.
 Total
Total is a dry van truckload carrier headquartered in Mississippi with approximately 600 trucks, and offers regional, dedicated, and medium length-of-haul services primarily in the eastern United States.
 


We primarily generate revenue by transporting freight for our customers. Generally, we are paid a predetermined rate per mile for our truckload services. We enhance our truckload revenue by charging for tractor and trailer detention, loading and unloading activities, and other specialized services, as well as through the collection of fuel surcharges to mitigate the impact of increases in the cost of fuel. The main factors that affect our truckload revenue are the revenue per mile we receive from our customers, the percentage of miles for which we are compensated, and the number of shipments and miles we generate. These factors relate, among other things, to the general level of economic activity in the United States, inventory levels, specific customer demand, the level of capacity in the trucking industry, and driver availability. Our primary measures of revenue generation for our truckload business are average revenue per loaded mile and average revenue per tractor per week, in each case excluding fuel surcharge revenue.
 
The main factors that impact our profitability in terms of expenses are the variable costs of transporting freight for our customers. These costs include fuel expense, driver-related expenses, such as wages, benefits, training, and recruitment, and purchased transportation expenses, which include compensating independent contractors and providers of expedited intermodal rail services. Expenses that have both fixed and variable components include maintenance and tire expense and our total cost of insurance and claims. These expenses generally vary with the miles we travel, but also have a controllable component based on safety, fleet age, efficiency, and other factors. Our main fixed costs include rentals and depreciation of long-term assets, such as revenue equipment and terminal facilities, and the compensation of non-driver personnel.
 
Our Xpress Global Systems Segment
Our Xpress Global Systems segment, which comprised approximately 6% of our total operating revenue in 2006, offers transportation, warehousing, and distribution services to the floorcovering industry. During the year ended December 31, 2006, our Xpress Global Systems segment experienced operating income of $4.6 million, compared to an operating loss of $13.5 million, which includes a $2.8 million charge for the sale and exit from the airport-to-airport business, in the same period in 2005.
 
We primarily generate revenue by transporting less-than-truckload freight for our customers. Generally, we are paid a predetermined rate per square yard for carpet and per pound for all other commodities. The rates vary based on miles, type of service, and type of freight we are hauling. We enhance our less-than-truckload revenue by charging for storage, warehousing, and other specialized services, as well as through the collection of fuel surcharges to mitigate the impact of increases in the cost of fuel. The main factors that affect our less-than-truckload revenue are the revenue per pound we receive from our customers, the average weight per shipment we haul and the number of shipments we generate. These factors relate, among other things, to the general level of economic activity in the United States, especially in the housing industry, inventory levels, specific customer demand, the level of capacity in the trucking industry, and driver availability. Our primary measures of revenue generation for our less-than-truckload business are average revenue per pound (excluding fuel surcharge revenue), total tonnage, and number of loads hauled per day.
 
The main factors that impact our profitability in terms of expenses are the variable costs of transporting the freight for our customers. These costs include purchased transportation, fuel expense, and the cost paid to our agents to deliver the freight. Expenses that have both fixed and variable components include driver and dock related expenses, such as wages, benefits, training, and recruitment, maintenance and tire expense and our total cost of insurance and claims. These expenses generally vary with the miles we travel and the tonnage of freight we handle, but also have a controllable component based on load factor, safety, fleet age, efficiency, and other factors. Our main fixed costs include rentals and depreciation of long-term assets, such as revenue equipment and terminal facilities and the compensation of non-driver and non-dock worker personnel.
 
Please refer to Note 18 to our financial statements included under Item 8 of this Form 10-K for financial information regarding segments.

BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS
 
In the fourth quarter of 2004, we acquired 49% of the outstanding stock of ATS Acquisition Holding Co. ("ATS"), the parent company of Arnold. In the second quarter of 2005, we acquired 49% of the outstanding stock of Transportation Investments Inc. ("TII"), the parent company of Total, and certain affiliated companies (together with TII, the "Total Companies"). Certain members of Arnold’s current management team controlled the remaining 51% interest as well as a majority of the board of directors of ATS, and certain members of the Total management team controlled the remaining 51% interest and a majority of the boards of directors of the Total Companies. We did not guarantee any of ATS' or the Total Companies' debt and did not have any obligation to provide funding, services, or assets. We accounted for ATS' and the Total Companies' operating results using the equity method of accounting.
 
On February 28, 2006, we increased our ownership interest in both Arnold and the Total Companies to 80% for approximately $7.9 million in cash, through the purchase of stock owned by the current management teams of Arnold and Total. The Arnold and Total management teams continue to hold 20% of the outstanding stock of Arnold and the Total Companies, respectively. The Arnold management team, led by President and Chief Executive Officer Mike Walters, and the Total management team, led by Co-Chief Executive Officers Rick Kale and John Stomps, continue to manage their respective operations and utilize their existing facilities. In connection with these transactions, Arnold and the Total Companies became parties to and guarantors of our revolving credit facility. We have guaranteed approximately $20 million of Arnold’s and the Total Companies' debt under their respective credit facilities in order to obtain required consents from their lenders to permit Arnold and the Total Companies to guarantee our revolving credit facility.
 
In the transactions, we also obtained the right to elect a majority of the members of the board of directors of Arnold. We retain options to purchase the remaining 20% of each of Arnold and the Total Companies through December 8, 2007 and October 1, 2008, respectively. If we fail to exercise such options prior to such dates, the members of the current Arnold and Total management teams will have similar options to repurchase our interests in Arnold and the Total Companies.
 


Equity Investment
In August 2006, we acquired a 49% interest in Abilene Motor Express, Inc. (“Abilene”) for approximately $3.0 million. Certain members of the Abilene management team control the remaining 51% interest and a majority of the board of directors. We have not guaranteed any of Abilene’s debt and have no obligation to provide funding, services or assets. Under the agreement with the Abilene management team, we have a four-year option to acquire 100% of Abilene by purchasing management’s interest at a specified price plus an agreed upon annual return, and the Abilene management team has the right to acquire the Abilene stock held by us in the subsequent four years following the expiration of our four-year option. We have accounted for Abilene’s operating results using the equity method of accounting.

BUSINESS STRATEGY  
 
Our customer-focused business strategy emphasizes identifying customer needs and market opportunities, using strategic business units to pursue those opportunities, allocating our assets to the business units that afford the most favorable market opportunities, and managing the assets within each business unit to enhance asset productivity and financial returns. The following table represents revenues achieved in each of our truckload business units over the past three years:
 
Truckload Revenue Before Fuel Surcharge and
Other Miscellaneous Revenue
For the Years Ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Type of Service
 
Revenue
   
Revenue
   
Revenue%
   %  
Dedicated
 
$
225,512
   
19
%
$
204,892
   
22
%
$
139,120
   
16
%
Expedited - Intermodal rail
   
112,077
   
10
   
130,701
   
14
   
99,352
   
11
 
Expedited team
   
179,447
   
15
   
182,051
   
20
   
154,683
   
17
 
Regional and solo over-the-road
   
389,093
   
34
   
393,867
   
44
   
494,995
   
56
 
Arnold/Total
   
258,282
   
22
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Total
 
$
1,164,411
   
100
%
$
911,511
   
100
%
$
888,150
   
100
%

* As of March 1, 2006, the operating results for both Arnold and Total have been consolidated into our operating results, as our investment in the respective companies increased to 80%.
 
In conjunction with reallocating our assets, we charged each business unit with improving its operating results. Our primary area of focus remains on improving our business units’ yield management and asset productivity. We seek to do this by raising freight rates where justified and also replacing less profitable freight. In this process, we evaluate rates, non-revenue miles, miles per tractor, the total time our assets are committed to the freight movement, the efficiency of our equipment positioning before and after the movement, total costs associated with the movement, drivers’ domiciles and preferences, the overall customer relationship, and other factors. Based on our criteria, our sales and operations personnel work together to select more profitable freight.

OPERATIONS
 
Our corporate and U.S. Xpress, Arnold and Total truckload operations are headquartered in Chattanooga, Tennessee, Jacksonville, Florida and Jackson, Mississippi, respectively. We maintain fifteen truckload full service operation centers and numerous offices and drop yard facilities throughout the continental United States. Xpress Global Systems is headquartered in Tunnel Hill, Georgia, approximately 25 miles from our Chattanooga location, and maintains a nationwide network of 42 company and agent facilities providing floorcovering logistics services.
 
Our fifteen truckload full service operation centers are actively engaged in the management of our truckload business. Fleet managers at each of our operations centers plan load coverage according to customer requirements and relay pick-up, delivery, routing, and fueling instructions to our drivers. Our fleet managers focus on balancing traffic movements, reducing empty miles, and improving the reliability of delivery schedules. We use proven technology, including freight optimization software that permits us to perform sophisticated analyses of profitability and other factors on each customer, route, and load. We equip our tractors with a satellite or cellular based tracking and communications system that permits direct communication between drivers and fleet managers. We believe that this system enhances our operating efficiency and improves customer service and fleet management. This system also updates the tractor’s position hourly, which allows us and our customers to locate freight and accurately estimate pick-up and delivery times.
 


As an additional service to customers, we offer Xpress Connect - an electronic data interchange and Internet-based communication tool for use in tendering loads and accessing information such as cargo position, delivery times, and billing information. These services allow us to communicate electronically with our customers, permitting real-time information flow, thereby reducing or eliminating paperwork, and allowing us and our customers to operate with fewer clerical personnel. We emphasize safety in all aspects of our operations. In connection with our commitment to safety, we have implemented various equipment specifications, active safety and loss prevention programs, and driver hiring standards that exceed United States Department of Transportation (“DOT”) requirements. With respect to equipment, we have adopted various specifications designed to reduce the risk of accidents, including anti-lock brakes, electronic engines, special mirrors, conspicuity tape, and side tracker cameras. Our safety and loss prevention programs reinforce the importance of safe driving habits, abiding by all laws and regulations, such as speed limits and hours-of-service, and performing regular equipment inspections and maintenance. We also maintain an accident review committee that meets regularly to review any new accidents, take appropriate action related to drivers involved in accidents, examine accident trends, and recommend and implement changes in procedures or communications to address safety issues.
 
The primary claims arising in our business consist of cargo loss, workers’ compensation, physical damage, and auto liability (personal injury and property damage). For 2006 we were self-insured for personal injury and property damage liability up to a maximum limit of $3.0 million per occurrence; we were self-insured for workers’ compensation up to a maximum limit of $1.0 million per occurrence; and we were self-insured for cargo claims up to $250 thousand per occurrence. The estimated cost of self-insured claims, which include estimates for incurred but unreported claims, are accrued as liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets and are based upon our evaluation of the type and severity of individual claims and historical information, primarily our claims experience, along with assumptions about future events.

CUSTOMERS AND MARKETING
 
We have a customer-focused business strategy. We analyze freight market trends and specific customer needs, respond to customer requests for differentiated service levels or capacity when the yield justifies, and offer a broad range of services through our strategic business units. We believe that few competitors offer significant capacity with the broad range of services we offer through our strategic business units. In addition, we cross-market between business units through programs such as our on demand service that optimizes capacity for high-priority loads.
 
Our primary customers include retailers and manufacturers, as well as other transportation companies such as less-than-truckload carriers, third-party freight consolidators, and freight forwarders that seek a high level of service at commensurate rates. As evidence of our commitment to customer service, we have earned recognition in the Quest for Quality transportation award by Logistics Management magazine over each of the past five years. We have a diversified customer base, with no single customer accounting for more than five percent of our truckload revenue in 2006. Home Depot accounted for approximately 38% of our Xpress Global Systems revenues for the year ended December 31, 2006.
 
We provide expedited intermodal rail service to our customers through contractual relationships for expedited intermodal rail services with the Burlington Northern Santa Fe, Union Pacific, and Norfolk Southern railroads. In general, these agreements establish rates and priority space on expedited trains. We also purchase expedited rail service from the CSX, Canadian National, Florida East Coast, and Kansas City Southern railroads on a non-guaranteed basis.

REVENUE EQUIPMENT
 
We believe that operating high quality, late-model equipment contributes to operating efficiency, helps us recruit and retain drivers, and is an important part of providing excellent customer service. Our policy is to operate most of our tractors while under warranty to minimize repair and maintenance costs and reduce service interruptions caused by breakdowns. We also order most of our equipment with uniform specifications to reduce our parts inventory and facilitate maintenance. At December 31, 2006, our company tractors had an average age of 22 months and our trailers had an average age of 48 months.
 
We purchase or lease Freightliner or Volvo tractors for the majority of the additions and replacements to our over-the-road fleet. Tractors are generally replaced every 36 to 48 months, generally well in advance of the need for major engine overhauls. A majority of our over-the-road tractors are equipped with electronic speed controls, anti-lock braking systems, and automatic traction control for improved safety. In addition, substantially all of our over-the-road tractors are equipped with Eaton automatic shift transmissions, and all engines have fuel incentive programming for increased fuel economy.
 
We have a multi-year agreement with our primary tractor and trailer manufacturers concerning purchases of equipment. Our tractor arrangements also cover the disposal of a substantial portion of our tractors at a defined value, a portion of which are dependent upon replacement tractors from those vendors. We expect our agreements to reduce the risks associated with decreased market values for used tractors.
 
We currently acquire Duraplate trailers from Wabash National Corporation for substantially all of the additions and replacements to our trailer fleet. We believe that these Wabash trailers are more durable and have greater cubic capacity than conventional aluminum trailers. In addition, substantially all of our trailers are equipped with air ride suspension, leading to softer rides that result in less load damage. Approximately 85% of our trailers were Duraplates at December 31, 2006.
 


EMPLOYEES AND INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS
 
At December 31, 2006, we employed 10,885 full-time associates, of whom 7,385 were drivers, 425 were mechanics and other maintenance personnel, and 3,075 were office or other associates. We consider relations with our employees to be good.
 
We believe that it is paramount to recruit, train, and retain a professional driver workforce. We also realize that competition for qualified drivers remains high. As a result, we have initiated various programs to enhance recruiting and retention efforts. We believe that there are several key elements to attracting and keeping experienced professional drivers, such as offering an attractive compensation and benefits package and providing equipment with desirable driver amenities. We believe that our current driver pay scales are competitive within the industry. Our fleet of late-model tractors is designed for driver comfort and safety. Standard equipment includes automatic transmissions, air ride suspensions, double sleeper bunks, air conditioning, power steering, and electronic engine brakes.
 
We also believe that maintaining a culture of driver support through flexible work schedules that enable drivers to accommodate personal obligations and lifestyles, leveraging technology (such as in-cab e-mail and Internet services) that enables drivers to remain in touch with their families, managing driver home time, seeking drivers’ input in the decision-making process to achieve mutually satisfactory solutions, and providing career advancement opportunities for drivers are key factors in recruiting and retaining experienced professional drivers. In addition, we believe that our decision to expand our dedicated and regional service operations provides us a greater opportunity to attract and retain drivers by allowing more frequent returns home and offering more predictable schedules and regular routes.
 
In addition to our employee drivers, we also augment our service capacity through the use of independent contractors. Independent contractors provide their own tractors and pay for all the expenses of operating their own equipment, including wages and benefits, fuel, physical damage insurance, maintenance, highway use taxes, and debt service. By utilizing the services of independent contractors in targeted areas, we can reduce the amount of capital required for our growth. As of December 31, 2006, we had 858 independent contractors.

INDUSTRY
 
According to the ATA, the trucking industry generates approximately $600 billion in annual revenues and accounts for approximately 85% of domestic spending on freight transportation. The industry is projected to grow in line with the overall U.S. economy. The trucking industry includes both private fleets and “for-hire” carriers. We operate primarily in the highly fragmented for-hire truckload segment of this market, which the ATA estimates generates revenues of approximately $270 billion annually. We also compete in the private fleet market, which consists of trucks owned and operated by shippers that move their own goods and accounts for approximately $280 billion in revenues annually. We believe the private fleet market offers us significant opportunities for expansion, particularly through our dedicated business, because shippers increasingly are focused on operating within, and conserving capital for, their core competencies, which often do not include freight transportation.
 
The United States trucking industry is highly competitive and includes thousands of for-hire motor carriers, none of which dominates the market. Service and price are the principal means of competition in the trucking industry. Measured by annual revenue, the ten largest dry van truckload carriers account for approximately $12 billion, or approximately 5%, of annual for-hire truckload revenues. We compete to some extent with railroads and rail-truck service but differentiate ourselves from railroad and rail-truck carriers on the basis of service. Railroad and rail-truck movements are subject to delays and disruptions arising from rail yard congestion, which reduces the effectiveness of this service to customers with time-definite pick-up and delivery schedules, particularly when the rail service is not the expedited service we offer.
 
REGULATION
 
Our operations are regulated and licensed by various U.S., Canadian, and Mexican agencies. Our company drivers and independent contractors also must comply with the safety and fitness regulations of the United States Department of Transportation, or DOT, including those relating to drug and alcohol testing and hours-of-service. Such matters as weight and equipment dimensions are also subject to U.S. and Canadian regulations. We also may become subject to new or more restrictive regulations relating to fuel emissions, drivers' hours-of-service, ergonomics, or other matters affecting safety or operating methods. Other agencies, such as the EPA and the Department of Homeland Security, or DHS, also regulate our equipment, operations, and drivers.
 
The DOT, through the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, or FMCSA, imposes safety and fitness regulations on us and our drivers. The primary areas of regulation that affect our operations include driver qualifications, drug and alcohol testing, hours-of-service limitations, and procedures to verify driver logs and safety. The FMCSA is studying rules relating to braking distance and on-board data recorders that could result in new rules being proposed.
 


Some states and municipalities have begun to restrict the locations and amount of time where diesel-powered tractors, such as ours, may idle, in order to reduce exhaust emissions. These restrictions could force us to alter our drivers' behavior, purchase on-board power units that do not require the engine to idle, or face a decrease in productivity.
 
Our motor carrier operations are also subject to environmental laws and regulations, including laws and regulations dealing with underground fuel storage tanks, the transportation of hazardous materials, and other environmental matters that import inherent environmental risks. We maintain bulk fuel storage and fuel islands at several of our facilities. Our operations involve the risks of fuel spillage or seepage, environmental damage, and hazardous waste disposal, among others. We have instituted programs to monitor and control environmental risks and assure compliance with applicable environmental laws. As part of our safety and risk management program, we periodically perform internal environmental reviews so that we can achieve environmental compliance and avoid environmental risk. Our facilities were designed, after consultation with environmental advisors, to contain and properly dispose of hazardous substances and petroleum products used in connection with our business. We transport a small amount of environmentally hazardous materials and, to date, have experienced no significant claims for hazardous materials shipments. If we should fail to comply with applicable regulations, we could be subject to substantial fines or penalties and to civil and criminal liability.

SEASONALITY
 
In the trucking industry, results of operations generally show a seasonal pattern as customers increase shipments prior to and reduce shipments during and after the winter holiday season. Additionally, shipments can be adversely impacted by winter weather conditions. Our operating expenses have historically been higher in the winter months due primarily to decreased fuel efficiency, increased maintenance costs of revenue equipment in colder weather and increased insurance and claims costs due to adverse winter weather conditions. Revenue can also be affected by bad weather and holidays, since revenue is directly related to available working days of shippers.

COMPANY INFORMATION
 
We were incorporated in Nevada in 1989. Our principal executive offices are located at 4080 Jenkins Road, Chattanooga, Tennessee 37421, and our telephone number is (423) 510-3000. Our website address is http://www.usxpress.com. This Annual Report on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, our current reports on Form 8-K, and all other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), can be obtained free of charge by visiting our website. Information contained in our website is not incorporated by reference into, and you should not consider such information to be part of, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
 
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
 
Our future results may be affected by a number of factors over which we have little or no control. The following issues, uncertainties, and risks, among others, should be considered in evaluating our business and growth outlook.
 
Our business is subject to general economic and business factors that are largely out of our control, any of which could have a materially adverse effect on our operating results.
 
Our business is dependent on a number of factors that may have a materially adverse effect on our results of operations, many of which are beyond our control. The most significant of these factors are recessionary economic cycles, changes in customers’ inventory levels, excess tractor or trailer capacity, and downturns in customers’ business cycles, particularly in market segments and industries where we have a significant concentration of customers, and in regions of the country where we have a significant amount of business. Economic conditions may adversely affect our customers and their ability to pay for our services. Customers encountering adverse economic conditions represent a greater potential for loss, and we may be required to increase our allowance for doubtful accounts. We also are affected by increases in interest rates, fuel prices, taxes, tolls, license and registration fees, insurance costs, and the rising costs of healthcare for our employees. We could be affected by strikes or other work stoppages at our facilities or at customer, port, border, or other shipping locations.
 
In addition, we cannot predict the effects on the economy or consumer confidence of actual or threatened armed conflicts or terrorist attacks, efforts to combat terrorism, military action against a foreign state or group located in a foreign state, or heightened security requirements. Any of these could lead to border crossing delays or the temporary closing of the United States/Canada or United States/Mexico border. Enhanced security measures could impair our operating efficiency and productivity and result in higher operating costs.
 


We operate in a highly competitive industry, and our business may suffer if we are unable to adequately address downward pricing pressures and other results of competition.
 
Numerous competitive factors could impair our ability to maintain or improve our current profitability. These factors include the following.
 
·
We compete with many other truckload carriers of varying sizes and, to a lesser extent, with less-than-truckload carriers, railroads, and other transportation companies. Many of our competitors have more equipment, a wider range of services, greater capital resources, or other competitive advantages.
   
·
Many of our competitors periodically reduce their freight rates to gain business, especially during times of reduced growth in the economy. This may limit our ability to maintain or increase freight rates or to continue to expand our business.
   
·
Many of our customers also operate their own private trucking fleets, and they may decide to transport more of their own freight.
   
·
In recent years, many shippers have reduced the number of carriers they use by selecting “core carriers” as approved service providers. As this trend continues, some of our customers may not select us as a “core carrier.”
   
·
Many customers periodically solicit bids from multiple carriers for their shipping needs, and this process may depress freight rates or result in a loss of business to competitors.
 
If we are unable to successfully execute our business strategy, our growth and profitability could be adversely affected.
 
Our strategy for increasing our revenue and profitability includes continuing to allocate more of our resources to our dedicated and expedited intermodal rail strategic business unit, our investment in Arnold and Total, and improving the profitability of all of our strategic business units through yield management and cost control efforts. We may experience difficulties and higher than expected expenses in reallocating our assets and developing new business. If we are unable to continue to grow and improve the profitability of our business units, our growth prospects, results of operations, and financial condition will be adversely affected.
 
Ongoing insurance and claims expenses could significantly affect our earnings.
 
Our future insurance and claims expenses may exceed historical levels, which could reduce our earnings. We self-insure for a significant portion of our claims exposure from workers’ compensation, auto liability, general liability, and cargo and property damage, as well as employees’ health costs. We also are responsible for our legal expenses within our self-insured retentions for liability and workers’ compensation claims. We currently reserve for anticipated losses and expenses and regularly evaluate and adjust our claims reserves to reflect actual experience. However, ultimate results may differ from our estimates, which could result in losses above reserved amounts. Because of our substantial self-insured retention amounts, we have significant exposure to fluctuations in the number and severity of claims. Our operating results will be adversely affected if we experience an increase in the frequency and severity of claims for which we are self-insured, accruals of significant amounts within a given period, or claims proving to be more severe than originally assessed.
 
We maintain insurance above the amounts for which we self-insure with insurance carriers that we believe are financially sound. Although we believe the aggregate insurance limits should be sufficient to cover reasonably expected claims, it is possible that one or more claims could exceed our aggregate coverage limits. Insurance carriers periodically raise premiums for many businesses, including trucking companies. As a result, our insurance and claims expense could increase, or we could find it necessary to again raise our self-insured retention or decrease our aggregate coverage limits when our policies are renewed or replaced. Our operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected if these expenses increase, if we experience a claim in excess of our coverage limits, or if we experience a claim for which we do not have coverage.
 
Our revenue growth may not continue at historical rates, which could adversely affect our stock price.
 
We have achieved significant revenue growth since becoming a public company in 1994. There is no assurance that our revenue growth rate will continue or that we can effectively adapt our management, administrative, and operating systems to respond to any future growth. Our operating margins could be adversely affected by future changes in and expansion of our business or by changes in economic conditions. Slower or less profitable growth could adversely affect our stock price.
 


Increases in driver compensation or difficulty in attracting and retaining drivers could affect our profitability and ability to grow.
 
Like nearly all trucking companies, we experience substantial difficulty in attracting and retaining sufficient numbers of qualified drivers, including independent contractors. In addition, due in part to current economic conditions, including the higher cost of fuel, insurance, and tractors, the available pool of independent contractor drivers has been declining. Because of the shortage of qualified drivers, the availability of alternative jobs due to the current economic expansion, and intense competition for drivers from other trucking companies, we expect to continue to face difficulty increasing the number of our drivers, including independent contractor drivers, who are one of our principal sources of planned growth. In addition, our industry suffers from high turnover rates of drivers. This turnover rate requires us to continually recruit a substantial number of drivers in order to operate existing equipment. If we are unable to continue to attract a sufficient number of drivers and independent contractors, we could be required to adjust our compensation packages, let trucks sit idle, or operate with fewer trucks and face difficulty meeting shipper demands, all of which would adversely affect our growth and profitability. In addition, the compensation we offer our drivers and independent contractors is subject to market forces, and we may find it necessary to continue to increase their compensation in future periods. Any increase in our operating costs or in the number of tractors without drivers would adversely affect our growth and profitability.
 
Fluctuations in the price or availability of fuel may increase our cost of operation, which could materially and adversely affect our profitability.
 
We require large amounts of diesel fuel to operate our tractors, and diesel fuel is one of our largest operating expenses. Diesel fuel prices fluctuate greatly, and prices and availability of all petroleum products are subject to economic, political, and other market factors beyond our control. Substantially all of our customer contracts contain fuel surcharge provisions to mitigate the effect of price increases over base amounts set in the contract. However, these arrangements do not fully protect us from fuel price increases and also may result in our not receiving the full benefit of any fuel price decreases. Our fuel surcharges to customers do not fully recover all fuel increases because engine idle time, out-of-route miles, and non-revenue miles are not generally billable to the customer. We currently do not have any fuel hedging contracts in place.
 
If we are unable to retain our senior officers, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be harmed.
 
We are highly dependent upon the services of the following senior officers: Patrick E. Quinn, our Co-Chairman of the Board, President, and Treasurer; Max L. Fuller, our Co-Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Secretary; Ray M. Harlin, Executive Vice President — Finance and Chief Financial Officer; and Jeffrey S. Wardeberg, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. We do not have employment agreements with any of these persons, except for salary continuation agreements with Messrs. Quinn and Fuller. The loss of any of their services could have a materially adverse effect on our operations and future profitability. We must continue to develop and retain a core group of managers if we are to realize our goal of expanding our operations and continuing our growth, and we may be unable to do so.
 
Increased prices, reduced productivity, and restricted availability of new revenue equipment may adversely affect our earnings and cash flows.
 
We have experienced higher prices for new tractors over the past few years, in addition to higher commodity prices and better pricing power among equipment manufacturers. As a result, we expect to continue to pay increased prices for equipment and incur additional expenses and related financing costs for the foreseeable future. As we start to purchase the 2007 engines that are required to meet heightened emissions standards, we expect the new engines will cost more, reduce equipment productivity and lower fuel mileage and, therefore, increase our operating expenses.
 
We have agreements covering the terms of trade-in and/or repurchase commitments from our primary equipment vendors for disposal of a substantial portion of our tractors. The prices we expect to receive under these arrangements may be higher than the prices we would receive in the open market. We may suffer a financial loss upon disposition of our equipment if these vendors refuse or are unable to meet their financial obligations under these agreements, if we fail to enter into similar arrangements in the future, or if we do not purchase the required number of replacement units from the vendors.
 


Our Xpress Global Systems segment faces certain additional risks particular to its operations, any one of which could impact the ability of that segment to attain profitability and adversely affect consolidated revenues and operating results.
 
Our Xpress Global Systems segment faces several additional risks particular to its business and operations. We have high customer and industry concentration in the segment, with Home Depot representing approximately 38% of Xpress Global Systems' revenue and substantially all of the revenue coming from the floorcovering industry. The reduction in or termination of business from one of Xpress Global Systems' major customers or a decrease in demand for Xpress Global systems’ services could adversely affect the earnings and profitability of the segment, which in turn may adversely affect consolidated operating results.
 
Our substantial indebtedness and operating lease obligations could adversely affect our ability to respond to changes in our industry or business.
 
As a result of our level of debt, operating lease obligations, and encumbered assets:
 
·
Our vulnerability to adverse economic conditions and competitive pressures is heightened;
   
· 
We will continue to be required to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to operating lease payments and repayment of debt, limiting the availability of cash for other purposes;
   
·
Our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and industry will be limited;
   
·
Our profitability is sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates because some of our debt obligations are subject to variable interest rates, and future borrowings and lease financing arrangements will be affected by any such fluctuations; and
   
· 
Our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other purposes may be limited.
 
Our operating leases and debt obligations could materially and adversely affect our ability to finance our future operations or capital needs or to engage in other business activities. There is no assurance that additional financing will be available when required or, if available, will be on terms satisfactory to us.
 
Service instability in the railroad industry could increase our operating costs and reduce our ability to offer expedited intermodal rail services, which could adversely affect our revenues and operating results.
 
We depend on the major U.S. railroads for our expedited intermodal rail services. In most markets, rail service is limited to a few railroads or even a single railroad. Any reduction in service by the railroads with whom we have relationships is likely to increase the cost of the rail-based services we provide and reduce the reliability, timeliness, and overall attractiveness of our rail-based services. For example, on several occasions there have been service disruptions in the railroad industry that have impacted expedited rail service throughout the United States. Although the disruptions have been primarily with railroads other than our major providers, it is possible that future service disruptions that affect our operations may occur, which would decrease demand for, or the profitability of, our expedited intermodal rail business. In addition, because most of the railroads’ workforce is subject to collective bargaining agreements, our business could be adversely affected by labor disputes between the railroads and their union employees. Further, railroads are relatively free to adjust shipping rates up or down as market conditions permit. Price increases could result in higher costs to our customers and our ability to offer expedited intermodal rail services.
 
We operate in a highly regulated industry and increased costs of compliance with, or liability for violation of, existing or future regulations could have a materially adverse effect on our business.
 
In general, the increasing burden of regulation raises our costs and lowers our efficiency. Future laws and regulations may be more stringent and require changes in our operating practices, influence the demand for transportation services, or require us to incur significant additional costs. Higher costs incurred by us or by our suppliers who pass the costs onto us through higher prices would adversely affect our results of operations.
 
In the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, federal, state, and municipal authorities have implemented and continue to implement various security measures, including checkpoints and travel restrictions on large trucks. These regulations also could complicate the matching of available equipment with hazardous material shipments, thereby increasing our response time on customer orders and our non-revenue miles. As a result, it is possible we may fail to meet the needs of our customers or may incur increased expenses to do so. These security measures could negatively impact our operating results.
 


We may not make acquisitions in the future, or if we do, we may not be successful in integrating the acquired businesses.
 
Acquisitions have provided a substantial portion of our growth, as we have made several acquisitions since becoming a public company in 1994. There is no assurance that we will be successful in identifying, negotiating, or consummating any future acquisitions. If we fail to make any future acquisitions, our growth rate could be materially and adversely affected.
 
Any acquisitions we undertake could involve the dilutive issuance of equity securities and/or incurring indebtedness. In addition, acquisitions involve numerous risks, including difficulties in assimilating the acquired company’s operations, the diversion of our management’s attention from other business concerns, risks of entering into markets in which we have had no or only limited direct experience, and the potential loss of customers, key employees, and drivers of the acquired company, all of which could have a materially adverse effect on our business and operating results. If we make acquisitions in the future, there is no assurance that we will be able to negotiate favorable terms or successfully integrate the acquired companies or assets into our business. If we fail to do so, or we experience other risks associated with acquisitions, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
 
Our operations are subject to various environmental laws and regulations, the violation of which could result in substantial fines or penalties.
 
Our operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations, including laws and regulations dealing with above-ground fuel storage tanks, the transportation of hazardous material, engine idling, emissions standards, and other environmental matters. Our truck terminals are often located in industrial areas where groundwater or other forms of environmental contamination could occur. Our operations involve the risks of fuel spillage or seepage, environmental damage, and hazardous waste disposal, among others. We maintain above-ground tanks for lubricating oil at our terminals and facilities and fueling islands at several of our facilities. Although we have instituted programs to monitor and control environmental risks and promote compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations, if we fail to comply with the applicable regulations, we could be subject to substantial fines or penalties and to civil and criminal liability. Some of the freight we transport consists of low-grade hazardous substances, which subject us to a wide array of regulations. If we are involved in a fuel spill or accident involving hazardous substances where there are releases of such substances, or if we are found to be in violation of applicable laws or regulations, we could be subject to liabilities that may harm our business and operating results. If we should fail to comply with applicable environmental regulations, we could be subject to substantial fines or penalties and to civil and criminal liability.
 
Regulations limiting exhaust emissions became effective in 2002 and become progressively more restrictive in 2007 and 2010. Engines manufactured after October 2002 generally cost more, produce lower fuel mileage, and require additional maintenance compared with earlier models. Substantially all of our tractors are equipped with these engines. We expect additional cost increases and degradation in fuel mileage from the 2007 engines. These adverse effects, combined with the uncertainty as to the reliability of the newly designed diesel engines and the residual values of these vehicles, could increase our costs or otherwise adversely affect our business or operations.
 
Our Co-Chairmen, Patrick E. Quinn and Max L. Fuller, control a large portion of our stock and have substantial control over us, which could limit your ability to influence the outcome of key transactions, including changes of control.
 
Patrick E. Quinn, Co-Chairman, President, and Treasurer, and Max L. Fuller, Co-Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Secretary, control a large portion of our stock and hold voting power of over 50% of the outstanding votes. On all matters with respect to which our stockholders have a right to vote, including the election of directors, each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote, while each share of Class B common stock is entitled to two votes. All outstanding shares of Class B common stock are owned by Messrs. Quinn and Fuller and are convertible to Class A common stock on a share-for-share basis at the election of Messrs. Quinn or Fuller or upon the occurrence of certain triggering events. Accordingly, together Messrs. Quinn and Fuller will continue to effectively control decisions requiring stockholder approval, including the election of our entire board of directors, the adoption or extension of anti-takeover provisions, mergers, and other business combinations. This concentration of ownership could limit the price that some investors might be willing to pay for our Class A common stock, and could allow Messrs. Quinn and Fuller, together, to prevent or delay a change of control, which other stockholders may favor. The interests of Messrs. Quinn and Fuller may conflict with the interests of other holders of Class A common stock, and they may take actions affecting us with which the Class A common stockholders disagree.
 
 
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
 
None.
 


ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES
 
The following table provides information regarding our main facilities at December 31, 2006:
 
Company Location
Facility Functions
Owned or Leased
Truckload Division
(U.S. Xpress, Arnold, Total)
 
Austell, Georgia
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Owned
Camp Hill, Pennsylvania
Office, Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Owned
Chattanooga, Tennessee
Corporate Office
Owned
Colton, California
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training
Owned
Grand Prairie, Texas
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Owned
Irving, Texas
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Leased
Jacksonville, Florida
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Owned
Lexington, North Carolina
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Owned
Lincoln, Nebraska
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Independent Contractor Recruiting
 
Owned
Loudon, Tennessee
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Owned
Medway, Ohio
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Driver Recruiting, Fleet Services
Leased
Memphis, Tennessee
Terminal, Maintenance, Driver Recruiting
Leased
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Leased
Richland, Mississippi
Office, Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Owned
Tunnel Hill, Georgia
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Leased
Tupelo, Mississippi
Terminal, Maintenance, Customer Service, Fleet Services, Driver Training, Driver Recruiting
 
Owned
     
The truckload division also has drop yards and various operating facilities throughout the United States.
     
Xpress Global Systems:
   
La Mirada, California
Distribution Center
Leased
Tunnel Hill, Georgia
Corporate Office, Distribution Center
Leased
 
Xpress Global Systems also has drop yards and distribution centers throughout the United States. See Footnote 5 for notes payable on owned properties above.
 
Our corporate and truckload headquarters are located in Chattanooga, Tennessee. The facilities encompass nearly 150,000 square feet of office space and include state-of-the-art information management and communications systems. We maintain fifteen operations locations offering full terminal, maintenance, and other services, and a smaller presence of numerous additional offices and drop yard facilities throughout the continental United States which are instrumental in the management of our truckload business. In our opinion, our facilities are suitable and adequate for our needs.
 
Xpress Global Systems’ corporate headquarters are based in Tunnel Hill, Georgia, approximately 25 miles from the Chattanooga location. The Tunnel Hill facility includes a 101-door loading dock facility in which floorcovering shipments from multiple manufacturers are consolidated into truckloads for delivery to 42 Company-owned and agent-operated distribution service centers. Substantially all Xpress Global Systems’ facilities operate as distribution centers performing consolidation, warehousing and local distribution.

 
ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
We are a party to ordinary, routine litigation and administrative proceedings incidental to our business. These proceedings primarily involve claims for personal injury or property damage incurred in the transportation of freight and for personnel matters. We maintain insurance to cover liabilities arising from the transportation of freight in amounts in excess of self-insurance retentions. See Item 1. “Business - Operations.”
 
 
ITEM 4.  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
 
We did not submit any matter to a vote of our security holders during the fourth quarter of 2006.
 


PART II
 
ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND  ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
 
 
COMMON STOCK AND STOCKHOLDER DATA
 
Our Class A common stock is traded on the NASDAQ National Market System under the symbol XPRSA. No market exists for our Class B common stock. At March 12, 2007, there were 1,019 registered stockholders and an estimated 2,750 beneficial owners of our Class A common stock and two beneficial owners of our Class B common stock. At March 12, 2007, there were 12,181,572 shares of Class A common stock outstanding and 3,040,262 shares of Class B common stock outstanding. On March 12, 2007, the closing price for the Class A common stock was $19.11. Listed below are the high and low closing prices with respect to shares of Class A common stock, as reported on the Nasdaq National Market System, for the periods indicated:
 
   
High
 
Low
 
Year Ended December 31, 2006
         
Fourth Quarter
 
$
26.71
 
$
16.10
 
Third Quarter
 
$
27.95
 
$
19.25
 
Second Quarter
 
$
27.17
 
$
17.94
 
First Quarter
 
$
19.47
 
$
15.23
 
Year Ended December 31, 2005
             
Fourth Quarter
 
$
17.75
 
$
9.98
 
Third Quarter
 
$
14.17
 
$
11.43
 
Second Quarter
 
$
16.90
 
$
10.59
 
First Quarter
 
$
33.70
 
$
16.14
 

The high and low bid prices set forth in the table may not necessarily represent actual transactions.
 

DIVIDENDS
 
We have never paid a cash dividend on our Class A or Class B common stock. We currently intend to continue to retain earnings to finance the growth of our business and reduce our indebtedness rather than to pay dividends. Our ability to pay cash dividends is currently limited by restrictions contained in our revolving credit facility. Future payments of cash dividends will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital commitments, restrictions under then-existing agreements, and other factors our board of directors deems relevant. (See Item 7., “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources - Debt,” and Note 5, “Long-Term Debt,” of the accompanying financial statements included under Item 8 of this Form 10-K.)
 


 


ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected consolidated financial data presented below as of the end of, and for, each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2006, are derived from our Consolidated Financial Statements. The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Item 7 of this Form 10-K.
 
   
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
2003
 
2002
 
   
(In thousands, except per share and operating data)
 
Statement of Operations Data
 
Operating revenue:
 
Truckload, net of fuel surcharge(1)
 
$
1,178,655
 
$
933,153
 
$
905,485
 
$
793,884
 
$
762,322
 
Fuel surcharge revenue(1)
   
204,837
   
125,478
   
60,957
   
33,976
   
15,565
 
Xpress Global Systems(1)
   
93,533
   
125,389
   
158,566
   
137,842
   
114,806
 
Intercompany(1)
   
(5,261
)
 
(19,788
)
 
(19,352
)
 
(35,193
)
 
(30,345
)
Consolidated
 
$
1,471,764
 
$
1,164,232
 
$
1,105,656
 
$
930,509
 
$
862,348
 
Income from operations(2)
 
$
56,908
 
$
23,970
 
$
40,267
 
$
24,540
 
$
19,381
 
Income before taxes(2)
 
$
36,811
 
$
18,148
 
$
30,331
 
$
14,543
 
$
3,741
 
Net income(2)
 
$
20,104
 
$
9,432
 
$
16,426
 
$
7,643
 
$
1,099
 
Earnings per share - basic(2)
 
$
1.31
 
$
0.59
 
$
1.16
 
$
0.55
 
$
0.08
 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic
   
15,316
   
15,930
   
14,159
   
13,966
   
13,888
 
Earnings per share - diluted(2)
 
$
1.29
 
$
0.59
 
$
1.14
 
$
0.54
 
$
0.08
 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - diluted
   
15,568
   
16,083
   
14,399
   
14,067
   
14,043
 
 
Truckload Operating Data
Average revenue per loaded mile(3)
 
$
1.62
 
$
1.59
 
$
1.48
 
$
1.30
 
$
1.26
 
Average revenue miles per tractor per period(4)
   
95,096
   
98,008
   
100,862
   
111,564
   
112,804
 
Average revenue per tractor, per week(3)(4)
 
$
3,026
 
$
3,117
 
$
2,958
 
$
2,777
 
$
2,718
 
Average length of haul in miles
   
594
   
679
   
721
   
783
   
823
 
Non-revenue miles percentage
   
12.1
%
 
11.1
%
 
11.0
%
 
10.2
%
 
9.9
%
Average tractors during period(5)
   
6,836
   
5,070
   
5,369
   
5,433
   
5,331
 
Tractors at end of period(5)
   
7,456
   
5,052
   
5,034
   
5,338
   
5,530
 
Trailers at end of period(5)
   
20,548
   
16,619
   
16,437
   
14,053
   
12,958
 
 
Balance Sheet Data
Working capital(1)
 
$
17,158
 
$
38,124
 
$
50,915
 
$
44,243
 
$
31,550
 
Total assets(1)
 
$
903,367
 
$
607,384
 
$
550,710
 
$
430,613
 
$
429,881
 
Long-term debt, including current maturities and securitization(1)
 
$
340,534
 
$
177,155
 
$
149,566
 
$
146,579
 
$
167,863
 
Stockholders’ equity
 
$
252,499
 
$
232,412
 
$
233,384
 
$
167,239
 
$
158,432
 
 
   
*
No cash dividends were paid on our Class A or Class B common stock.
   
(1)
Includes: (a) in 2005 we exited the unprofitable airport-to-airport business causing a reduction in Xpress Global System and intercompany revenues (b) in 2006 we acquired 80% of Arnold and Total resulting in a consolidation of their operating results for reporting purposes. This accounts for the majority of the increase in revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities as of December 31, 2006 when compared to previous periods.
(2) 
Includes: (a) in 2002, pre-tax charges of $1.7 million related to the settlement of a litigation matter; (b) in 2005, a $2.8 million charge for the sale and exit from the airport-to-airport business.
(3)
Excludes fuel surcharge revenue.
(4)
Excludes revenue and miles from expedited intermodal rail services.
(5)
Includes owned, leased, and independent contractor-provided tractors and owned and leased trailers.


ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Annual Report contains certain statements that may be considered forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including without limitation: any projections of earnings, revenues, or other financial items; any statement of plans, strategies, and objectives of management for future operations; any statements concerning proposed new services or developments; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; and any statements of belief and any statement of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Such statements may be identified by their use of terms or phrases such as "expects," "estimates," "projects," "believes," "anticipates," "intends," and similar terms and phrases. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, which could cause future events and actual results to differ materially from those set forth in, contemplated by, or underlying the forward-looking statements. Readers should review and consider the factors discussed in "Risk Factors" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, along with various disclosures in our press releases, stockholder reports, and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

All such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Form 10-K. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The Company expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in the Company's expectations with regard thereto or any change in the events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statement is based.

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

We are the fifth largest publicly traded truckload carrier in the United States, measured by revenue. Our primary business is offering a broad range of truckload services to customers throughout the United States and in portions of Canada and Mexico. We also offer transportation, warehousing, and distribution services to the floorcovering industry. Since becoming a public company, we have increased our operating revenue to $1.5 billion in 2006 from $215.4 million in 1994, a compounded annual growth rate of 17.4%. Our growth has come through expansion of business with new and existing customers, complementary acquisitions, and through the development and expansion of additional strategic business units.
 
Recent Results of Operations and Year-End Financial Condition
During 2006, our growth in revenues is primarily the result of the consolidation of Arnold and Total’s operating results as of March 1, 2006. These acquisitions combined with substantial improvement in results in our base truckload business and Xpress Global Systems segment allowed for us to produce earnings per share of $1.29 for 2006, our highest annual earnings per share since 1998. We were able to achieve these results despite a softer than anticipated seasonal freight demand in the second half of the year.
 
For the year ended December 31, 2006, our key truckload operating statistics versus 2005 were as follows:
 
Our average revenue per loaded mile, before fuel surcharge, increased to $1.62 from $1.59;
Our average revenue per tractor per week, before fuel surcharge, decreased to $3,026 from $3,117;
Our tractors at end of the period increased to 7,456 from 5,052;
Our empty mile percentage in 2006 increased to 12.14% from 11.10% as a result of our average length of haul being reduced to 594 from 679.
 
The operating statistics for 2006 include those of Arnold and Total from February 28, 2006 the date we increased our ownership to 80%. These statistics have impacted our consolidated operating statistics as their consolidated operations tend to have a shorter length of haul, higher revenue per loaded mile, and higher empty mile percentage.
 
Our operating ratio was 95.5% in 2006 and 97.7% in 2005. Our operating strategy is to allocate our truckload assets to business units with greater profitability and improve the profitability of each business unit. Our primary area of focus initially has been on improving our business units’ yield management and asset productivity. We seek to do this by raising freight rates where justified and also replacing less profitable freight. In this process, we evaluate rates, non-revenue miles, miles per tractor, the total time our assets are committed to the freight movement, the efficiency of our equipment positioning before and after the movement, total costs associated with the movement, drivers’ domiciles and preferences, the overall customer relationship, and other factors. Based on our criteria, our sales and operations personnel work together to select more profitable freight.
 
At December 31, 2006, our balance sheet reflected $252.5 million in stockholders’ equity and $340.5 million in aggregate borrowings, including current maturities and the securitization facility.


Segment Reporting
Our truckload operations contributed approximately 94% of our total operating revenue in 2006. Our Xpress Global Systems operations contributed approximately 6% of our revenue in 2006.
 
Please refer to Note 18 to our financial statements included under Item 8 of this Form 10-K for financial information regarding segments.
 
REVENUE AND EXPENSES
 
The primary measure we use to evaluate our profitability is operating ratio (operating expenses, net of fuel surcharge, as a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge). Our operating ratio was 95.5% in 2006, compared to 97.7% in 2005.
 
Our Truckload Segment
Our truckload segment primarily generates revenue by transporting freight for our customers. Generally, we are paid a predetermined rate per mile for our truckload services. We enhance our truckload revenue by charging for tractor and trailer detention, loading and unloading activities, and other specialized services, as well as through the collection of fuel surcharges to mitigate the impact of increases in the cost of fuel. The main factors that affect our truckload revenue are the revenue per mile we receive from our customers, the percentage of miles for which we are compensated, and the number of shipments and miles we generate. These factors relate, among other things, to the general level of economic activity in the United States, inventory levels, specific customer demand, the level of capacity in the trucking industry, and driver availability. Our primary measures of revenue generation for our truckload business are average revenue per loaded mile and average revenue per tractor per week, in each case excluding fuel surcharge revenue. Average revenue per loaded mile, before fuel surcharge revenue, increased to $1.62 in 2006 from $1.59 in 2005. Average revenue per tractor per week, before fuel surcharge revenue, decreased to $3,026 in 2006 from $3,117 in 2005 (excluding rail revenue).
 
The main factors that impact our profitability in terms of expenses are the variable costs of transporting freight for our customers. These costs include fuel expense, driver-related expenses, such as wages, benefits, training, and recruitment, and purchased transportation expenses, which include compensating independent contractors and providers of expedited intermodal rail services. Expenses that have both fixed and variable components include maintenance and tire expense and our total cost of insurance and claims. These expenses generally vary with the miles we travel, but also have a controllable component based on safety, fleet age, efficiency, and other factors. Our main fixed costs include rentals and depreciation of long-term assets, such as revenue equipment and terminal facilities, and the compensation of non-driver personnel.
 
Our Xpress Global Segment
Our Xpress Global segment primarily generates revenue by transporting less-than-truckload freight for our customers. Generally, we are paid a predetermined rate per square yard for carpet and per pound for all other commodities. The rates vary based on miles, type of service, and type of freight we are hauling. We enhance our less-than-truckload revenue by charging for storage, warehousing, and other specialized services, as well as through the collection of fuel surcharges to mitigate the impact of increases in the cost of fuel. The main factors that affect our less-than-truckload revenue are the revenue per pound we receive from our customers, the average weight per shipment we haul, and the number of shipments we generate. These factors relate, among other things, to the general level of economic activity in the United States, especially in the housing industry, inventory levels, specific customer demand, the level of capacity in the trucking industry, and driver availability. Our primary measures of revenue generation for our less-than-truckload business are average revenue per pound (excluding fuel surcharge revenue), total tonnage, and number of loads hauled per day.
 
The main factors that impact our profitability in terms of expenses are the variable costs of transporting the freight for our customers. These costs include purchased transportation, fuel expense, and the cost paid to our agents to deliver the freight. Expenses that have both fixed and variable components include driver and dock related expenses, such as wages, benefits, training, and recruitment, maintenance and tire expense, and our total cost of insurance and claims. These expenses generally vary with the miles we travel and the tonnage of freight we handle, but also have a controllable component based on load factor, safety, fleet age, efficiency and other factors. Our main fixed costs include rentals and depreciation of long-term assets, such as revenue equipment and terminal facilities and the compensation of non-driver and non-dock worker personnel.
 
Revenue Equipment
At December 31, 2006, we had a truckload fleet of 7,456 tractors including the tractors at Arnold and Total and 858 owner-operator tractors. We also operated 20,548 trailers in our truckload fleet and approximately 295 tractors dedicated to local and drayage services. At Xpress Global Systems, we operated 199 pickup and delivery tractors and 445 trailers.
 


CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following table sets forth the percentage relationships of expense items to total revenue, excluding fuel surcharge, for each of the fiscal years indicated below. Fuel surcharge revenue is offset against fuel and fuel taxes. We believe that eliminating the impact of this source of revenue provides a more consistent basis for comparing results of operations from period to period.
 
 
   
(Total revenue)
 
(Revenue, before fuel surcharge)
 
   
Twelve Months Ended
 
Twelve Months Ended
 
   
December 31,
 
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Operating Revenue
   
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
Operating Expenses:
                                     
Salaries, wages and benefits
   
33.4
   
34.3
   
33.2
   
38.8
   
38.5
   
35.2
 
Fuel and fuel taxes
   
22.2
   
19.3
   
15.2
   
9.6
   
9.6
   
10.3
 
Vehicle rents
   
5.2
   
6.0
   
6.4
   
6.1
   
6.7
   
6.8
 
Depreciation and amortization, net of gain on sale
   
4.3
   
4.0
   
4.1
   
5.0
   
4.4
   
4.3
 
Purchased transportation
   
15.6
   
17.0
   
19.2
   
18.1
   
19.0
   
20.3
 
Operating expense and supplies
   
6.3
   
6.5
   
6.6
   
7.4
   
7.2
   
7.0
 
Insurance premiums and claims
   
4.1
   
4.7
   
5.4
   
4.7
   
5.3
   
5.7
 
Operating taxes and licenses
   
1.2
   
1.2
   
1.3
   
1.3
   
1.4
   
1.3
 
Communications and utilities
   
0.9
   
0.9
   
1.0
   
1.0
   
1.0
   
1.1
 
General and other operating
   
2.9
   
3.8
   
4.0
   
3.5
   
4.3
   
4.2
 
Loss on sale and exit of business
   
0.0
   
0.2
   
0.0
   
0.0
   
0.3
   
0.0
 
Total operating expenses
   
96.1
   
97.9
   
96.4
   
95.5
   
97.7
   
96.2
 
 
Income from Operations
   
3.9
   
2.1
   
3.6
   
4.5
   
2.3
   
3.8
 
 
Interest expense, net
   
1.3
   
0.7
   
0.8
   
1.5
   
0.8
   
0.9
 
Early extinguishment of debt
   
0.0
   
0.0
   
0.0
   
0.0
   
0.0
   
0.0
 
Equity in income of affiliated companies
   
0.0
   
(0.2
)
 
0.0
   
0.0
   
(0.2
)
 
0.0
 
Minority interest
   
0.1
   
0.0
   
0.0
   
0.1
   
0.0
   
0.0
 
     
1.4
   
0.5
   
0.8
   
1.6
   
0.6
   
0.9
 
 
Income before income tax provision
   
2.5
   
1.6
   
2.8
   
2.9
   
1.7
   
2.9
 
 
Income tax provision
   
1.1
   
0.7
   
1.3
   
1.3
   
0.8
   
1.3
 
 
Net Income
   
1.4
%
 
0.9
%
 
1.5
%
 
1.6
%
 
0.9
%
 
1.6
%
 


Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2006 to the Year Ended December 31, 2005
 
Total operating revenue increased 26.4% to $1.5 billion from $1.2 billion for 2005. Total revenue included $204.8 million of fuel surcharge revenue in 2006 and $125.5 million of fuel surcharge revenue in 2005. In discussing our results of operations we use revenue, before fuel surcharge, (and fuel expense, net of surcharge), because we believe that eliminating the impact of this sometimes volatile source of revenue affords a more consistent basis for comparing our results of operations from period to period. We also discuss the changes in our expenses as a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, in addition to absolute dollar changes, because we believe the high variable cost nature of our business makes a comparison of changes in expenses as a percentage of revenue more meaningful at times than absolute dollar changes.
 
Revenue, before fuel surcharge, increased 22.0% to $1.3 billion in 2006 compared to $1.0 billion in 2005. Truckload revenue, before fuel surcharge, increased 26.3% to $1.2 billion in 2006 compared to $933.2 million in 2005, due to the addition of Arnold and Total. U.S. Xpress truckload revenue decreased $10.2 million due to a slight decrease in revenue miles, a 0.6% decrease in average revenue per loaded mile and a 2.0% decrease in average seated trucks. Xpress Global Systems’ revenue decreased 25.4% to $93.5 million in 2006 compared to $125.4 million in 2005 and intersegment revenues decreased 73.4% to $5.3 million in 2006 compared to $19.8 million in 2005 due primarily to the sale and exit from the unprofitable airport-to-airport business in the second quarter of 2005.
 
Salaries, wages and benefits increased 23.1% to $492.2 million in 2006 compared to $399.9 million in 2005. The increase is primarily due to the inclusion of wages for Arnold and Total in the amount of $89.0 million. U.S. Xpress wages increased $11.1 million due in part to a 3.3% increase in company driver miles, expense associated with the issuance of restricted stock, and increases in maintenance and office wages. Xpress Global Systems wages decreased $8.1 million due to the sale and exit of the airport-to-airport business. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, salaries, wages and benefits remained essentially constant at 38.8% in 2006, compared to 38.5% in 2005.
 
Fuel and fuel taxes, net of fuel surcharge, increased 22.2% to $121.8 million in 2006 compared to $99.7 million in 2005. The increase is due primarily to the inclusion of net fuel and fuel tax expense for Arnold and Total in the amount of $25.1 million. Within U.S. Xpress, fuel and fuel taxes decreased by $2.7 million, although average fuel prices per gallon increased by approximately 14.0%, the increase was offset by increases in fuel surcharge recoveries. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, fuel and fuel taxes, net of fuel surcharge remained relatively constant at 9.6% for 2006 and 2005. We maintain a fuel surcharge program to assist us in recovery of increased fuel costs. Customer fuel surcharges in our truckload operations amounted to $204.8 million and $125.5 million for 2006 and 2005 respectively.
 
Vehicle rents increased 10.5% to $77.0 million in 2006 compared to $69.7 million in 2005. The increase is primarily due to the inclusion of vehicle rents for Arnold and Total in the amount of $12.3 million. This increase is partially offset by the decrease in the average number of tractors financed under operating leases to 3,124 compared to 3,356 during 2006 and 2005, respectively and a decrease in the average number of trailers financed under operating leases to 8,084 in 2006 compared to 8,567 during 2005 in our U.S. Xpress truckload operations. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, vehicle rents were 6.1% in 2006 compared to 6.7% in 2005.
 
Depreciation and amortization increased 37.0% to $63.0 million in 2006 compared to $46.0 million in 2005. Gains realized on the sale of revenue equipment are included in depreciation and amortization for reporting purposes. Depreciation and amortization, excluding gains increased to $65.6 million in 2006 compared to $49.6 million in 2005. The increase was primarily due to the inclusion of depreciation and amortization for Arnold and Total in the amount of $15.7 million, increased costs of the new EPA-compliant engines, and increased depreciation and amortization related to computer hardware and software. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in the average number of owned trailers to 6,679 from 7,589, during 2006 and 2005 in U.S. Xpress truckload operations. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, depreciation and amortization increased to 5.0% in 2006 compared to 4.4% in 2005.
 
Purchased transportation increased 16.0% to $229.3 million in 2006 compared to $197.6 million in 2005 primarily due to the inclusion of purchase transportation amounts for Arnold and Total in the amount of $54.2 million. The effect was more than offset by the decline in U.S. Xpress average owner-operator trucks to 439 from 532 for the prior year and lower purchased transportation at Xpress Global Systems due to the sale and exit of the airport-to-airport business. Purchased transportation decreased as a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, to 18.1% in 2006 from 19.0% in 2005 primarily as a result of the sale and exit of the airport-to-airport business.
 
Operating expense and supplies increased 24.1% to $93.2 million in 2006 compared to $75.1 million in 2005, primarily due to the inclusion of operating expense and supplies amounts for Arnold and Total in the amount of $18.8 million. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, operating expense and supplies were 7.4% in 2006 compared to 7.2% in 2005.
 
Insurance premiums and claims, consisting primarily of premium and deductible amounts for liability (personal injury and property damage), physical damage and cargo damage insurance and claims, increased 8.7% to $60.0 million in 2006 compared to $55.2 million in 2005 due to the inclusion of insurance premiums and claims for Arnold and Total in the amount of $12.6 million. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, insurance and premiums and claims expense decreased to 4.7% in 2006 compared to 5.3% in 2005, primarily due to the U.S. Xpress decrease in provision for self insured liability claims. We are self-insured up to certain limits for cargo loss, physical damage and liability. We have adopted an insurance program with higher deductible exposure to offset the industry-wide increase in insurance premium rates. As of December 31, 2006, the retention level for cargo loss was $250 thousand and the retention level for liability was $3.0 million per occurrence. We maintain insurance with licensed insurance companies above amounts for which we are self insured for cargo and liability. We accrue for the uninsured portion of pending claims, plus any incurred but not reported claims. The accruals are estimated based on our evaluation of the type and severity of individual claims and future development based on historical trends. Insurance premiums and claims expense will fluctuate based on claims experience, premium rates and self-insurance retention levels.
 


Operating taxes and licenses increased 19.9% to $16.9 million in 2006 from $14.1 million in 2005. This increase is primarily due to the inclusion of operating taxes and licenses amounts from Arnold and Total in the amount of $3.6 million. As a percentage of revenue, operating taxes and license decreased slightly to 1.3% in 2006 from 1.4% in 2005.
 
Communications and utilities increased 17.8% to $12.6 million in 2006 from $10.7 million in 2005. This increase is primarily due to the inclusion of communications and utilities from Arnold and Total in the amount of $3.0 million. As a percentage of revenue, communications and utilities remained constant at 1.0% for both 2006 and 2005.
 
General and other operating decreased 1.7% to $43.1 million in 2006 from $43.8 million in 2005. This is primarily the result of the elimination of certain general and other operating expenses related to the airport-to-airport business partially offset by the inclusion of Arnold and Total in the amount of $5.8 million. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, general and other operating decreased to 3.5% in 2006 from 4.3% in 2005.
 
The loss on sale and exit of business was $2.8 million in 2005. During 2006, we increased our provisions for this exit in the amount of $800 thousand associated with uncollectible receivables and future lease commitments. Refer to Footnote 10, “Loss on Sale and Exit of Business” in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
 
Equity in loss/income of affiliated companies was a loss of $327 thousand in 2006, compared to income of $2.8 million in 2005. The decline is the result of the consolidation of Arnold and Total beginning March 1, 2006. Refer to Footnote 12, “Equity and Cost Investments” in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
 
Interest expense increased $10.2 million, or 122.9%, to $18.5 million in 2006 compared to $8.3 million in 2005. The increase is due primarily to the inclusion of interest expense for Arnold and Total, increased debt, and higher interest rates. Interest expense is expected to increase in future periods because of the consolidation of the borrowings of Arnold and Total as of March 2006. As of December 31, 2006, we increased our debt by $163.4 million as compared to December 31, 2005. This increase is primarily due to the inclusion of Arnold and Total debt. See Footnote 5, “Long-Term Debt” and Footnote 7, “Accounts Receivable Securitization”, in the accompanying financial statements for further details.
 
Minority interest of $1.3 million is representative of the 20.0% minority shareholders’ interest in the net income of Arnold and Total.
 
The effective tax rate was 45.4% for the 2006 fiscal year. The rate is higher than the statutory rate of 35.0%, primarily as a result of per diems paid to drivers which are not fully deductible for federal income tax purposes.
 
Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2005 to the Year Ended December 31, 2004
 
Total operating revenue increased 5.3% to $1.2 billion from $1.1 billion for 2004. Total revenue included $125.5 million of fuel surcharge revenue in 2005 and $61.0 million of fuel surcharge revenue in 2004. In discussing our results of operations we use revenue, before fuel surcharge, (and fuel expense, net of surcharge), because we believe that eliminating the impact of this sometimes volatile source of revenue affords a more consistent basis for comparing our results of operations from period to period. We also discuss the changes in our expenses as a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, in addition to absolute dollar changes, because we believe the high variable cost nature of our business makes a comparison of changes in expenses as a percentage of revenue more meaningful at times than absolute dollar changes.
 
Revenue, before fuel surcharge, remained essentially constant at $1.0 billion in 2005 and 2004. U.S. Xpress revenue, before fuel surcharge, increased 3.1% to $933.2 million in 2005 compared to $905.5 million in 2004, due primarily to an increase of 7.4% in average revenue per loaded mile to $1.595 from $1.485. The increase in average revenue per loaded mile was primarily due to increased rates and from growth in dedicated operations, which generally provide for a shorter length of haul and higher rate per mile, the shortage of truck capacity in many geographic markets creating a stronger truck demand, and increases in tractor and trailer detention revenues. These gains were partially offset by a 5.6% decline in average tractors and a 2.8% reduction in revenue miles per tractor. Xpress Global Systems’ revenue decreased 20.9% to $125.4 million in 2005 compared to $158.6 million in 2004 due primarily to the sale and exit from the airport-to-airport business in the second quarter of 2005. Within Xpress Global Systems, floorcovering revenue decreased 2.4% to $99.3 million due primarily to a decreased volume of freight. Intersegment revenue increased 2.3% to $19.8 million in 2005 compared to $19.4 million in 2004.
 
Salaries, wages and benefits increased 8.9% to $399.9 million in 2005 compared to $367.3 million in 2004. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, salaries, wages and benefits increased to 38.5% in 2005, compared to 35.2% in 2004. The increase was primarily due to a driver wage increase implemented in the fourth quarter of 2004, an increase in the number of local drivers necessary to support our expedited intermodal rail program, and an increase in health insurance costs and workers’ compensation claims, offset by decreases in non-driver personnel related to the sale and exit of the airport-to-airport business.
 


Fuel and fuel taxes, net of fuel surcharge, decreased 7.3% to $99.7 million in 2005 compared to $107.6 million in 2004. The decrease is primarily due to increased fuel surcharges paid to railroads and owner operators reflected in purchased transportation combined with a 2.8% decrease in company miles. Including the effect of fuel surcharge paid to rail roads and owner operators, fuel and fuel taxes, net of fuel surcharge, increased to $122.1 million in 2005 compared to $116.6 million in 2004. Our cost per company mile increased approximately 5.7%. This increase was primarily due to the increase in the average fuel price per gallon of approximately 32% combined with the lower efficiency of the new EPA-compliant engines, offset by an increase in customer fuel surcharges.
 
Vehicle rents decreased 2.0% to $69.7 million in 2005 compared to $71.1 million in 2004. The decrease is primarily due to a decrease in the average number of tractors financed under operating leases to 3,356 compared to 3,504 during 2005 and 2004, respectively. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in the average number of trailers financed under operating leases to 8,567 compared to 8,240 during 2005 and 2004, respectively, due to the expansion of our trailer fleet necessary to support the expedited intermodal rail program. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, vehicle rents were 6.7% in 2005 compared to 6.8% in 2004.
 
Depreciation and amortization increased 3.1% to $46.0 million in 2005 compared to $44.6 million in 2004. Gains realized on the sale of revenue equipment are included in depreciation and amortization for reporting purposes. Depreciation and amortization, excluding gains increased to $49.6 million in 2005 compared to $46.2 million in 2004. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the average number of owned tractors to 2,076 compared to 1,849 during 2005 and 2004, respectively, increased costs of the new EPA-compliant engines, and increased depreciation and amortization related to computer hardware and software. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in the average numbers of owned trailers to 7,589 from 8,385, during 2005 and 2004. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, depreciation and amortization increased to 4.4% in 2005 compared to 4.3% in 2004.
 
Purchased transportation decreased 6.9% to $197.6 million in 2005 compared to $212.2 million in 2004 primarily due to the sale and exit of the airport-to-airport business, and a decrease in the average number of owner-operators in the truckload segment in 2005 to 532, or 10.5% of the total fleet, compared to 783, or 14.6% of the total fleet, in 2004. This decrease was offset by the increased use in expedited intermodal rail in the truckload segment for certain medium-to-long haul truckload freight. As a result of the foregoing, purchased transportation decreased as a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, to 19.0% in 2005 from 20.3% in 2004.
 
Operating expense and supplies increased 3.3% to $75.1 million in 2005 compared to $72.7 million in 2004, primarily due to an increase in tractor maintenance costs. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, operating expense and supplies were 7.2% in 2005 compared to 7.0% in 2004. This is partially offset by certain expenses being eliminated with the sale and exit of the airport-to-airport business.
 
Insurance premiums and claims, consisting primarily of premium and deductible amounts for liability (personal injury and property damage), physical damage and cargo damage insurance and claims, decreased 7.5% to $55.2 million in 2005 compared to $59.7 million in 2004. As a percentage of revenue, before fuel surcharge, insurance and premiums and claims expense decreased to 5.3% in 2005 compared to 5.7% in 2004, primarily due to the decrease in liability and physical damage premiums and claims expense offset by the increase in cargo claims expense. We are self-insured up to certain limits for cargo loss, physical damage and liability. We have adopted an insurance program with higher deductible exposure to offset the industry-wide increase in insurance premium rates. As of December 31, 2005, the retention level for cargo loss was $250 thousand and the retention level for liability was $2.0 million per occurrence. We maintain insurance with licensed insurance companies above amounts for which we are self-insured for cargo and liability. We accrue for the uninsured portion of pending claims, plus any incurred but not reported claims. The accruals are estimated based on our evaluation of the type and severity of individual claims and future development based on historical trends. Insurance premiums and claims expense will fluctuate based on claims experience, premium rates and self-insurance retention levels.
 
The loss on sale and exit of business was $2.8 million in the second quarter of 2005. Refer to Footnote 10, “Loss on Sale and Exit of Business” in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
 
Equity in income of affiliated companies was $2.8 million in 2005 compared to $203 thousand in 2004. This is the result of the Company recording equity in the earnings of Arnold Transportation Services, Inc., which was acquired in December 2004, and Total Transportation of Mississippi, which was acquired in April 2005, during 2005. Refer to Footnote 12, “Equity and Cost Investments” in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
 
Interest expense decreased $1.4 million, or 14.4%, to $8.3 million in 2005 compared to $9.7 million in 2004. The decrease is primarily attributable to a decline in average borrowings to $156.2 million in 2005 from $180.4 million in 2004. See Footnote 5, “Long-Term Debt” and Footnote 7, “Accounts Receivable Securitization”, of our 2005 Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
 
The effective tax rate was 48% for the 2005 fiscal year. The rate is higher than the statutory rate of 36.5%, primarily as a result of per diems paid to drivers which are not fully deductible for federal income tax purposes.
 


LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
Our business requires significant capital investments. Our primary sources of liquidity at December 31, 2006 were funds provided by operations, borrowings under our revolving credit facility, proceeds from our accounts receivable securitization facility, and long-term equipment debt and operating leases of revenue equipment. Our revolving credit facility has maximum available borrowings of $130.0 million and our accounts receivable securitization facility has maximum available borrowings of $140.0 million. We believe that funds provided by operations, borrowings under our revolving credit facility and securitization facility, equipment installment loans and long-term equipment debt and operating lease financing will be sufficient to fund our cash needs and anticipated capital expenditures for the next twelve months and the foreseeable future.
 
Cash Flows
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
(in thousands)
   
2006
 
 
2005
 
 
2004
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
114,125
 
$
66,253
 
$
44,450
 
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(173,353
)
 
(73,378
)
 
(88,050
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
50,653
   
16,547
   
43,498
 

Cash generated from operations increased $47.9 million during 2006 as compared to 2005. The increase was due primarily to increased earnings, depreciation, and the deferred tax liability in 2006 as compared to 2005.
 
Cash used in investing activities was $173.4 million during 2006 compared to $73.4 million in 2005.  The increase in cash used in investing activities is primarily the result of $81.7 million more in net additions to property and equipment, combined with the acquisitions of Arnold and Total, and investment in Abilene during 2006 as compared to 2005. During 2005, the Company received $12.8 million in proceeds from the sale and exit of the unprofitable airport-to-airport business.
 
Net cash provided by financing activities was $50.7 million in 2006 compared to $16.5 million in 2005. The increase in cash provided by financing activities is the result of increased borrowings related to the purchase of revenue equipment and fewer shares of stock being repurchased during 2006 compared to 2005.
 
Debt
On October 14, 2004, we entered into a $100,000 senior secured revolving credit facility and letter of credit sub-facility with a group of banks, which replaced the prior $100,000 credit facility that was set to mature in March 2007. The credit facility is secured by revenue equipment and certain other assets and bears interest at the base rate, as defined, plus an applicable margin of 0.00% to 0.25%, or LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 0.88% to 2.00%, based on our lease-adjusted leverage ratio.
 
On March 31, 2006, we amended the revolving credit facility and letter of credit sub-facility with a group of banks increasing the $100,000 senior secured revolving credit facility to $130,000. The amendment did not change the applicable margin for base rate loans or LIBOR loans, nor did it modify the fees for letter of credit transactions or quarterly commitment fees on the unused portion of the loan commitment. The amendment extended the maturity date of the credit facility from October 2009 to March 2011.
 
On October 27, 2006, the Company amended the revolving credit facility. This amendment consisted of a $10 million increase in the aggregate dollar value of miscellaneous investments that the Company may make, an increase in the Company’s ability to redeem its own stock by increasing the dollar value of permitted redemptions from $15 million to $30 million, and the adjustment of certain financial covenant ratios.
 
At December 31, 2006, the applicable margin was 0.00% for base rate loans and 1.50% for LIBOR loans. The credit facility also prescribes additional fees for letter of credit transactions and a quarterly commitment fee on the unused portion of the loan commitment (1.50% and 0.25%, respectively, at December 31, 2006). At December 31, 2006, $95.9 million in letters of credit were outstanding under the credit facility with $32.4 million available to borrow. The facility is secured by substantially all assets of the Company, other than real estate and assets securing other debt of the Company
 
The credit facility requires, among other things, maintenance by the Company of prescribed minimum amounts of consolidated tangible net worth, fixed charge and asset coverage ratios, and a leverage ratio. Subject to certain defined exceptions, it also restricts the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries, without the approval of the lenders, to engage in sale-leaseback transactions, transactions with affiliates, investment transactions, acquisitions of the Company’s own capital stock or the payment of dividends on such stock, future asset dispositions (except in the ordinary course of business), or other business combination transactions, and to incur liens and future indebtedness. As of December 31, 2006, the Company was in compliance with the credit facility covenants.
 
We are also party to a $140.0 million accounts receivable securitization. Under the accounts receivable securitization facility (the “Securitization Facility”), we sell accounts receivable as part of a two-step process that provides funding similar to a revolving credit facility. To facilitate this transaction, Xpress Receivables, LLC (“Xpress Receivables”) was formed as a wholly-owned subsidiary. Xpress Receivables is a bankruptcy remote, special purpose entity, which purchases accounts receivable from U.S. Xpress, Inc. and Xpress Global Systems, Inc. Xpress Receivables funds these purchases with money borrowed under a credit facility with Three Pillars Funding, LLC. On March 31, 2006, we amended the Securitization Facility, increasing the previous $100.0 million maximum thereunder to $140.0 million. Pursuant to the Securitization Facility amendment, Arnold and Total joined as additional originators, permitting Xpress Receivables to purchase accounts receivable from them in addition to U.S. Xpress and Xpress Global Systems.
 


The borrowings are secured by, and paid down through collections on, the accounts receivable. We can borrow up to $140.0 million under the Securitization Facility, subject to eligible receivables, and pay interest on borrowings based on commercial paper interest rates, plus an applicable margin, and a commitment fee on the daily, unused portion of the Securitization Facility. The Securitization Facility is reflected as a current liability because its term, subject to annual renewals, expires October 11, 2007.
 
The Securitization Facility requires that certain performance ratios be maintained with respect to accounts receivable and that Xpress Receivables preserve its bankruptcy remote nature. As of December 31, 2006, we were in compliance with the Securitization Facility covenants.
 
At December 31, 2006 we had $340.5 million of borrowings, of which $252.3 million was long-term, and $88.2 million was current maturities, of which $37.0 million was the Securitization Facility. We also had approximately $95.9 million in undrawn letters of credit. At December 31, 2006, we had an aggregate of approximately $128.6 million of available borrowing remaining under our revolving credit facility and securitization. Current maturities include $6.7 million in balloon payments related to maturing revenue equipment installment notes. The balloon payments are generally expected to be funded with proceeds from the sale of the related revenue equipment, which is generally covered by repurchase and/or trade agreements in principle between the equipment manufacturer and us.
 
Equity
In January 2007, the Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to $15.0 million of our Class A common stock. The stock may be repurchased on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions at any time until January 26, 2008 under the Board’s extension, at which time, or prior thereto, the Board may elect to extend the repurchase program. The repurchased shares may be used for issuances under our incentive stock plan or for other general corporate purposes, as the Board may determine. During 2006, we repurchased 140,000 shares for approximately $2.5 million under the previous Board authorization granted in July 2005.
 
Business Acquisitions
In the fourth quarter of 2004, we acquired 49% of the outstanding stock of ATS Acquisition Holding Co. ("ATS"), the parent company of Arnold. In the second quarter of 2005, we acquired 49% of the outstanding stock of Transportation Investments Inc. ("TII"), the parent company of Total, and certain affiliated companies (together with TII, the "Total Companies"). Certain members of Arnold’s current management team controlled the remaining 51% interest as well as a majority of the board of directors of ATS, and certain members of the Total management team controlled the remaining 51% interest and a majority of the boards of directors of the Total Companies. We did not guarantee any of ATS' or the Total Companies' debt and did not have any obligation to provide funding, services, or assets. We accounted for ATS' and the Total Companies' operating results using the equity method of accounting.
 
On February 28, 2006, we increased our ownership interest in both ATS and the Total Companies to 80% for approximately $7.9 million in cash, through the purchase of stock owned by the current management teams of Arnold and Total. The Arnold and Total management teams continue to hold 20% of the outstanding stock of ATS and the Total Companies, respectively. The Arnold management team, led by President and Chief Executive Officer Mike Walters, and the Total management team, led by Co-Chief Executive Officers Rick Kale and John Stomps, continue to manage their respective operations and utilize their existing facilities. In connection with these transactions, ATS and the Total Companies became parties to and guarantors of our revolving credit facility. We have guaranteed approximately $20 million of ATS' and the Total Companies' debt under their respective credit facilities in order to obtain required consents from their lenders to permit ATS and the Total Companies to guarantee our revolving credit facility.
 
In the transactions, we also obtained the right to elect a majority of the members of the board of directors of ATS. We retain options to purchase the remaining 20% of each of ATS and the Total Companies through December 8, 2007 and October 1, 2008, respectively. If we fail to exercise such options prior to such dates, the members of the current Arnold and Total management teams will have similar options to repurchase our interests in ATS and the Total Companies.
 
Equity Investment
In August 2006, we acquired a 49% interest in Abilene Motor Express, Inc. (“Abilene”) for approximately $3.0 million. Certain members of the Abilene management team control the remaining 51% interest and a majority of the board of directors. We have not guaranteed any of Abilene’s debt and have no obligation to provide funding, services or assets. Under the agreement with the Abilene management team, we have a four-year option to acquire 100% of Abilene by purchasing management’s interest at a specified price plus an agreed upon annual return, and the Abilene management team has the right to acquire the Abilene stock held by us in the subsequent four years following the expiration of our four-year option. We have accounted for Abilene’s operating results using the equity method of accounting.
 


Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We use non-cancelable operating leases as a source of financing for revenue and service equipment, office and terminal facilities, automobiles and airplanes. In making the decision to finance through long-term debt or by entering into non-cancelable lease agreements, we consider interest rates, capital requirements and the tax advantages of leasing versus owning. At December 31, 2006 a substantial portion of our off-balance sheet arrangements related to non-cancelable leases for revenue equipment and office and terminal facilities with termination dates ranging from January 2007 to July 2013. Lease payments on office and terminal facilities, automobiles and airplanes are included in general and other operating expenses, lease payments on service equipment are included in operating expense and supplies, and lease payments on revenue equipment are included in vehicle rents in the consolidated statements of operations, respectively. Rental expense related to our off-balance sheet arrangements was $82.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006. The remaining lease obligation as of December 31, 2006 was $300.0 million, with $94.6 million due in the next twelve months.
 
Certain equipment leases provide for guarantees by us of a portion of the residual amount under certain circumstances at the end of the lease term. The maximum potential amount of future payments (undiscounted) under these guarantees are approximately $31.4 million at December 31, 2006. The residual value of a substantial portion of the leased revenue equipment is covered by repurchase or trade agreements in principle between the equipment manufacturer and us. Management estimates the fair value of the guaranteed residual values for leased revenue equipment to be immaterial. Accordingly, we have no guaranteed liabilities accrued in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
 
Cash Requirements
 
The following table represents our outstanding contractual obligations at December 31, 2006, excluding letters of credit of $95.9 million. The letters of credit are maintained primarily to support our insurance program and are renewed on an annual basis.
 
   
Payments Due by Period
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Contractual Obligations
 
Total
 
Less than 1 year
 
1-3 years
 
3-5 years
 
More than 5 years
 
Securitization Facility
 
$
37,000
 
$
37,000
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
Long-Term Debt, Including Interest (1)
   
373,501
   
66,896
   
132,615
   
108,879
   
65,111
 
Capital Leases, Including Interest (1) 
   
1,567
   
1,191
   
376
   
-
   
-
 
Operating Leases - Revenue Equipment (2)
   
279,099
   
84,947
   
129,066
   
50,678
   
14,408
 
Operating Leases - Other (3)
   
20,907
   
9,656
   
10,054
   
1,182
   
15
 
Purchase Obligations (4)
   
182,266
   
181,866
   
400
   
-
   
-
 
Total Contractual Cash Obligations
 
$
894,340
 
$
381,556
 
$
272,511
 
$
160,739
 
$
79,534
 

(1) Represents principal and interest payments owed on revenue equipment installment notes, mortgage notes payable and capital lease obligations at December 31, 2006. The credit facility does not require scheduled principal payments. Approximately 14% of our debt is financed with variable interest rates. In determining future contractual interest obligations for variable rate debt, the interest rate in place at December 31, 2006 was utilized. The table assumes long-term debt is held to maturity. Refer to Footnote 5, “Long-Term Debt”, in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
(2) Represents future obligations under operating leases for over-the-road tractors, day-cabs and trailers. The amounts included are consistent with disclosures required under SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases”. Substantially all lease agreements for revenue equipment have fixed payment terms based on the passage of time. The tractor lease agreements generally stipulate maximum miles and provide for mileage penalties for excess miles. Lease terms for tractors and trailers range from 36 to 60 months and 60 to 84 months, respectively. Refer to Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements” and Footnote 9, “Leases” in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for further information.
(3) Represents future obligations under operating leases for buildings, forklifts, automobiles, computer equipment and airplanes. The amounts included are consistent with disclosures required under SFAS No. 13. Substantially all lease agreements, with the exception of building leases, have fixed payment terms based on the passage of time. Lease terms do not exceed 10 years.
(4) Represents purchase obligations for revenue equipment (tractors and trailers), and development and improvement of facilities. The revenue equipment purchase obligations are cancelable, subject to certain adjustments in the underlying obligations and benefits. The purchase obligations with respect to improvement of facilities and computer software are non-cancelable. Refer to Footnote 14, “Commitments and Contingencies”, in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for disclosure of our purchase commitments.
 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
 
In the ordinary course of business, we have made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of results of operations and financial position in the preparation of our financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates under different assumptions and conditions. We believe that the following discussion addresses our most critical accounting policies, which are those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.
 
Recognition of Revenue
We generally recognize revenue and direct costs when shipments are completed. Certain revenue of Xpress Global Systems, representing approximately 6.0% of consolidated revenues at December 31, 2006, is recognized upon manifest, that is, the time when the trailer of the independent carrier is loaded, sealed and ready to leave the dock. Estimated direct expenses are recorded simultaneous with the recognition of revenue. Had revenue been recognized using another method, such as completed shipment, the impact would have been insignificant to our consolidated financial statements.
 
Income Taxes
Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes and in determining whether deferred tax assets will be realized in full or in part. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income in years in which the temporary differences are expected to be reversed. When it is more likely than not that all or some portion of specific deferred tax assets, such as state tax credit carry-forwards or state net operating loss carry-forwards will not be realized, a valuation allowance must be established for the amount of the deferred tax assets that are determined to be not realizable. A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets of $178 has been deemed necessary due to the net operating loss carry-forward periods and the estimated taxable income of three of our separate companies over those periods in certain states.
 
The determination of the combined tax rate used to calculate our provision for income taxes for both current and deferred income taxes also requires significant judgment by management. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” requires that the net deferred tax asset or liability be valued using enacted tax rates that we believe will be in effect when these temporary differences reverse. We use the combined tax rates at the time the financial statements are prepared since no better information is available. If changes in the federal statutory rate or significant changes in the statutory state and local tax rates occur prior to or during the reversal of these items or if our filing obligations were to change materially, this could change the combined rate and, by extension, our provision for income taxes.
 
Depreciation
Property and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets (net of estimated salvage value or trade-in value). We generally use estimated useful lives of 4-5 years and 7-10 years for tractors and trailers, respectively, with estimated salvage values ranging from 25% - 50% of the capitalized cost. The depreciable lives of our revenue equipment represent the estimated usage period of the equipment, which is generally substantially less than the economic lives. The residual value of a substantial portion of our equipment is covered by re-purchase or trade agreements between us and the equipment manufacturer.
 
Periodically, we evaluate the useful lives and salvage values of our revenue equipment and other long-lived assets based upon, but not limited to, its experience with similar assets including gains or losses upon dispositions of such assets, conditions in the used equipment market and prevailing industry practices. Changes in useful lives or salvage value estimates, or fluctuations in market values that are not reflected in our estimates, could have a material impact on financial results. Further, if our equipment manufacturer does not perform under the terms of the agreements for guaranteed trade-in values, such non-performance could have a materially negative impact on financial results.
 
Goodwill
The excess of the consideration paid us over the estimated fair value of identifiable net assets acquired has been recorded as goodwill.
 
Effective January 1, 2002, we adopted the provision of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”, (“SFAS 142”). As required by the provisions of SFAS 142, we test goodwill for impairment using a two-step process, based on the reporting unit fair value. The first step is a screen for potential impairment, while the second step measures impairment, if any. We completed the required impairment tests of goodwill and noted no impairment of goodwill in 2006, 2005 and 2004.
 


Goodwill impairment tests are highly subjective. Such tests include estimating the fair value of our reporting units. As required by SFAS No. 142, we compared the estimated fair value of the reporting units with their respective carrying amounts including goodwill. We define a reporting unit as an operating segment. Under SFAS No. 142, fair value refers to the amount for which the entire reporting unit could be bought or sold. Our methods for estimating reporting unit values include asset and liability fair values and other valuation techniques, such as discounted cash flows and multiples of earnings, or other financial measures. Each of these methods involve significant estimates and assumptions, including estimates of future financial performance and the selection of appropriate discount rates and valuation multiples.
 
Claims Reserves and Estimates
Claims reserves consist of estimates of cargo loss, physical damage, liability (personal injury and property damage), employee medical expenses and workers’ compensation claims within our established retention levels. Claims in excess of retention levels are generally covered by insurance in amounts we consider adequate. Claims accruals represent the uninsured portion of pending claims including estimates of adverse development of known claims, plus an estimated liability for incurred but not reported claims. Accruals for cargo loss, physical damage, liability and workers’ compensation claims are estimated based on our evaluation of the type and severity of individual claims and historical information, primarily our own claims experience, along with assumptions about future events combined with the assistance of independent actuaries in the case of workers’ compensation and liability. Changes in assumptions as well as changes in actual experience could cause these estimates to change in the near future.
 
Workers’ compensation and liability claims are particularly subject to a significant degree of uncertainty due to the potential for growth and development of the claims over time. Claims and insurance reserves related to workers’ compensation and liability are estimated by an independent third-party actuary and we refer to these estimates in establishing the reserve. Liability reserves are estimated based on historical experience and trends, the type and severity of individual claims and assumptions about future costs. Further, in establishing the workers’ compensation and liability reserves, we must take into account and estimate various factors, including, but not limited to, assumptions concerning the nature and severity of the claim, the effect of the jurisdiction on any award or settlement, the length of time until ultimate resolution, inflation rates in health care and in general, interest rates, legal expenses and other factors. Our actual experience may be different than our estimates, sometimes significantly. Additionally, changes in assumptions made in actuarial studies could potentially have a material effect on the provision for workers’ compensation and liability claims.
 
We have experienced significant increases in insurance premiums and claims expense since September 2001 primarily related to workers’ compensation and liability insurance. The increases have resulted from a significant increase in excess insurance premiums, adverse development in prior year losses, unfavorable accident experience and an increase in retention levels related to liability and workers’ compensation claims. The retention level for liability insurance was $3 thousand prior to September 2001 and has increased to ranges of $250 thousand to $3.0 million in subsequent periods. Prior to November 2000, we had no retention for workers’ compensation insurance, which has increased to ranges of $250 thousand to $1.0 million in subsequent periods. Our insurance and claims expense varies based on the frequency and severity of claims, the premium expense and the level of self-insured retention. The increase in self-insurance retention levels since November 2000 and September 2001 has caused insurance and claims expense to be higher and more volatile than in historical periods.
 
Accounting for Business Combinations
Our consolidated financial statements are inclusive of our accounts and the accounts of majority-owned subsidiaries. We consolidate all of majority-owned subsidiaries and record a minority interest representing the remaining shares held by the minority shareholders. All transactions and balances with and related to our majority owned subsidiaries have been eliminated.
 
In accordance with business combination accounting, we allocate the purchase price of acquired companies to the tangible and intangible assets acquired, and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. We engaged a third-party appraisal firm to assist management in determining the fair values of certain assets acquired. Such a valuation requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets.
 
Management makes estimates of fair value based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable. These estimates are based on historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired companies and are inherently uncertain. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur which may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates, or actual results.
 
For business combinations, we must record deferred taxes relating to the book versus tax basis of acquired assets and liabilities. Generally, such business combinations result in deferred tax liabilities as the book values are reflected at fair values where as the tax basis is carried over from the acquired company. Such deferred taxes are initially estimated based on preliminary information and are subject to change as valuations and tax returns are finalized.
 
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
 
In June 2006, the FASB issued Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), an interpretation of FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS No. 109”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109. The interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax provision taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Also, the interpretation provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. The adoption of FIN 48 will be effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company does not expect that the adoption of FIN 48 will have a material impact on the financial statements of the Company.
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This Statement does not require any new fair value measurements; however, for some entities, the application of this Statement will change current practice. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of SFAS 157 on its consolidated financial statements.
 


ITEM 7A. QUANTITIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
 

INTEREST RATE RISK
 
Our market risk is affected by changes in interest rates. Historically, we have used a combination of fixed rate and variable rate obligations to manage our interest rate exposure. Fixed rate obligations expose us to the risk that interest rates might fall. Variable rate obligations expose us to the risk that interest rates might rise. We did not have any interest rate swaps at December 31, 2006, although we may enter into such swaps in the future.
 
We are exposed to variable interest rate risk principally from our securitization facility and revolving credit facility. We are exposed to fixed interest rate risk principally from equipment notes and mortgages. At December 31, 2006 we had borrowings totaling $340.5 million comprised of $48.2 million of variable rate borrowings and $292.3 million of fixed rate borrowings. Holding other variables constant (such as borrowing levels), the earnings impact of a one-percentage point increase/decrease in interest rates would not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
 
COMMODITY PRICE RISK
 
Fuel is one of our largest expenditures. The price and availability of diesel fuel fluctuates due to changes in production, seasonality and other market factors generally outside our control. Many of our customer contracts contain fuel surcharge provisions to mitigate increases in the cost of fuel. Fuel surcharges to customers do not fully recover all of fuel increases due to engine idle time and out-of-route and empty miles not billable to the customer.
 


ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
 
 
Report of Independent Registered
 
Public Accounting Firm
 
 
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
 
U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc.
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. The combined consolidated financial statements of Total Transportation (two corporations in which the Company had a 49% interest), as of and for the year ended December 31, 2005, have been audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Total Transportation, is based solely on the report of the other auditors. In the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s investment in Total Transportation is stated at $4.6 million at December 31, 2005, and the Company’s equity in the net income of Total Transportation is stated at $690,000 for the year then ended.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the report of other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of other auditors, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
As discussed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, in 2006 the Company changed its method of accounting for share-based compensation using the modified-prospective method.
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established by the Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 9, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
 
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
 
 
Chattanooga, Tennessee
 
March 9, 2007
 


U.S. XPRESS ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
 
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Operating Revenue:
 
Revenue, before fuel surcharge
 
$
1,266,927
 
$
1,038,754
 
$
1,044,699
 
Fuel surcharge
   
204,837
   
125,478
   
60,957
 
Total operating revenue
   
1,471,764
   
1,164,232
   
1,105,656
 
Operating Expenses:
Salaries, wages and benefits
   
492,225
   
399,894
   
367,317
 
Fuel and fuel taxes
   
326,622
   
225,213
   
168,570
 
Vehicle rents
   
77,023
   
69,707
   
71,068
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
63,038
   
46,007
   
44,635
 
Purchased transportation
   
229,342
   
197,648
   
212,153
 
Operating expenses and supplies
   
93,252
   
75,100
   
72,689
 
Insurance premiums and claims
   
59,993
   
55,197
   
59,651
 
Operating taxes and licenses
   
16,868
   
14,144
   
13,924
 
Communications and utilities
   
12,590
   
10,718
   
11,435
 
General and other operating expenses
   
43,098
   
43,847
   
43,947
 
Loss on sale and exit of business
   
805
   
2,787
   
-
 
Total operating expenses
   
1,414,856
   
1,140,262
   
1,065,389
 
 
Income from Operations
   
56,908
   
23,970
   
40,267
 
 
Interest expense, net
   
18,469
   
8,320
   
9,685
 
Early extinguishment of debt
   
-
   
294
   
454
 
Equity in loss (income) of affiliated companies
   
327
   
(2,792
)
 
(203
)
Minority interest expense
   
1,301
   
-
   
-
 
     
20,097
   
5,822
   
9,936
 
 
Income before income tax provision
   
36,811
   
18,148
   
30,331
 
 
Income tax provision
   
16,707
   
8,716
   
13,905
 
 
Net Income
 
$
20,104
 
$
9,432
 
$
16,426
 
 
Earnings Per Share - basic
 
$
1.31
 
$
0.59
 
$
1.16
 
Earnings Per Share - diluted
 
$
1.29
 
$
0.59
 
$
1.14
 
 
Weighted average shares - basic
   
15,316
   
15,930
   
14,159
 
Weighted average shares - diluted
   
15,568
   
16,083
   
14,399
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements
 

 
U.S. XPRESS ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share amounts)
 
 
   
DECEMBER 31,
 
ASSETS
 
2006
 
2005
 
Current Assets
         
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
913
 
$
9,488
 
Customer receivables, net of allowance of $4,857 and $6,129 in 2006 and 2005, respectively
   
168,079
   
140,263
 
Other receivables
   
15,398
   
14,552
 
Prepaid insurance and licenses
   
25,777
   
14,701
 
Operating and installation supplies
   
7,767
   
3,693
 
Deferred income taxes
   
25,545
   
9,046
 
Other current assets
   
10,665
   
11,227
 
Total current assets
   
254,144
   
202,970
 
Property and Equipment, at cost
   
709,810
   
460,096
 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
   
(180,813
)
 
(153,275
)
Net property and equipment
   
528,997
   
306,821
 
Other Assets
             
Goodwill, net
   
94,307
   
72,143
 
Other
   
25,919
   
25,450
 
Total other assets
   
120,226
   
97,593
 
Total Assets
 
$
903,367
 
$
607,384
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
             
Current Liabilities
             
Accounts payable
 
$
47,770
 
$
28,172
 
Book overdraft
   
19,368
   
11,789
 
Accrued wages and benefits
   
22,562
   
14,328
 
Claims and insurance accruals , current
   
49,928
   
36,071
 
Other accrued liabilities
   
9,137
   
12,375
 
Securitization facility
   
37,000
   
45,000
 
Current maturities of long-term debt
   
51,221
   
17,111
 
Total current liabilities
   
236,986
   
164,846
 
Long-Term Debt, net of current maturities
   
252,313
   
115,044
 
Deferred Income Taxes
   
114,679
   
54,618
 
Other Long-Term Liabilities
   
3,186
   
2,499
 
Claims and insurance accruals, long-term
   
40,125
   
37,965
 
Minority Interest
   
3,579
   
-
 
Commitments and Contingencies
             
Stockholders’ Equity
             
Preferred Stock, $.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued
   
-
   
-
 
Common Stock Class A, $.01 par value, 30,000,000 shares authorized, 15,958,837
and 15,870,006 shares issued at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively
   
160
   
159
 
Common Stock Class B, $.01 par value, 7,500,000 shares authorized, 3,040,262 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 2005
   
30
   
30
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
162,001
   
159,547
 
Retained earnings
   
130,373
   
110,269
 
Treasury Stock, Class A, at cost (3,683,075 and 3,543,075 shares at December 31, 2006
and 2005, respectively)
   
(40,048
)
 
(37,576
)
Notes receivable from stockholders
   
(17
)
 
(17
)
Total stockholders’ equity
   
252,499
   
232,412
 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
 
$
903,367
 
$
607,384
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated balance sheets


U.S. XPRESS ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)

   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
             
Net income
 
$
20,104
 
$
9,432
 
$
16,426
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
                   
Loss on early extinguishment of debt
   
-
   
294
   
454
 
Equity in loss (income) of affiliated companies
   
327
   
(2,792
)
 
(203
)
Deferred income tax provision (benefit)
   
16,111
   
(9,247
)
 
8,887
 
Provision for losses on receivables
   
2,767
   
4,633
   
1,796
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
65,616
   
49,574
   
46,257
 
Stock-based compensation expense
   
1,183
   
39
   
16
 
Tax benefit realized from stock option plans
   
(161
)
 
730
   
799
 
Gain on sale of equipment
   
(2,578
)
 
(3,567
)
 
(1,622
)
Loss on sale and exit of airport-to-airport business
   
805
   
2,787
   
-
 
Minority interest expense
   
1,301
   
-
   
-
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
                   
Receivables
   
4,498
   
(6,463
)
 
(49,809
)
Prepaid insurance and licenses
   
(8,375
)
 
(1,021
)
 
(8,910
)
Operating and installation supplies
   
(2,539
)
 
1,645
   
(281
)
Other assets
   
2,949
   
(6,995
)
 
985
 
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities
   
8,409
   
26,443
   
29,522
 
Accrued wages and benefits
   
3,708
   
761
   
133
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
114,125
   
66,253
   
44,450
 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
                   
Proceeds from sale and exit of airport-to-airport business
   
-
   
12,750
   
-
 
Payments for purchases of property and equipment
   
(239,219
)
 
(152,455
)
 
(107,580
)
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment
   
75,637
   
70,599
   
26,439
 
Repayment of notes receivable from stockholders
   
-
   
30
   
35
 
Investment in affiliated companies
   
(2,965
)
 
(3,975
)
 
(6,219
)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
   
(6,806
)
 
(327
)
 
(725
)
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(173,353
)
 
(73,378
)
 
(88,050
)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
                   
Net (payments) borrowings under lines of credit
   
(200
)
 
1,900
   
-
 
Net (payments) borrowings under securitization facility
   
(8,000
)
 
10,000
   
35,000
 
Borrowings under long-term debt
   
110,554
   
69,903
   
81,278
 
Payments of long-term debt
   
(57,365
)
 
(54,214
)
 
(128,678
)
Additions to deferred financing costs
   
(686
)
 
(155
)
 
(908
)
Prepayment penalties on debt refinancing
   
-
   
(201
)
 
(275
)
Book overdraft
   
7,579
   
543
   
8,236
 
Purchase of Class A Common Stock
   
(2,472
)
 
(12,439
)
 
(654
)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
   
718
   
1,154
   
1,627
 
Tax benefit from stock options
   
161
   
-
   
-
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
   
364
   
56
   
47,872
 
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
50,653
   
16,547
   
43,498
 
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents
   
(8,575
)
 
9,422
   
(102
)
Cash and Cash Equivalents, beginning of year
   
9,488
   
66
   
168
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents, end of year
 
$
913
 
$
9,488
 
$
66
 
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
                   
Cash paid during the year for interest, net of capitalized interest
 
$
17,945
 
$
7,651
 
$
9,258
 
Cash paid during the year for income taxes
 
$
12,845
 
$
10,456
 
$
829
 
Conversion of operating leases to equipment installment notes
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
15,387
 


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.


U.S. XPRESS ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands, except share amounts)
 
   
 
 
Common Stock
Class A Class B
 
 
Additional Paid-in Capital
 
 
 
Retained Earnings
 
 
 
Treasury Stock
 
Notes
Receivable from Stockholders
 
Unamortized Compensation on Restricted Stock
 
 
 
 
Total
 
Balance, December 31, 2003
 
$
135
 
$
30
 
$
107,252
 
$
84,411
 
$
(24,483
)
$
(82
)
$
(24
)
$
167,239
 
Net income
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
16,426
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
16,426
 
Issuance of 1,611 shares of Class A Common Stock for non-employee director compensation
   
-
   
-
   
24
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
24
 
Issuance of 2,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, net
   
20
   
-
   
47,691
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
47,711
 
Proceeds from exercise of 168,294 options
   
2
   
-
   
1,625
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
1,627
 
Issuance of 15,984 shares of Class A Common Stock for employee stock purchase plan
   
-
   
-
   
161
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
161
 
Tax benefit realized from stock option plans
   
-
   
-
   
799
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
799
 
Repayment of notes receivable from stockholders
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
35
   
-
   
35
 
Amortization of restricted stock
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
16
   
16
 
Repurchase of 50,000 shares of Class A Common Stock
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(654
)
 
-
   
-
   
(654
)
Balance, December 31, 2004
 
$
157
 
$
30
 
$
157,552
 
$
100,837
 
$
(25,137
)
$
(47
)
$
(8
)
$
233,384
 
Net income
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
9,432
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
9,432
 
Issuance of 2,069 shares of Class A Common Stock for non-employee director compensation
   
-
   
-
   
26
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
26
 
Offering costs related to the issuance of 2,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock
   
-
   
-
   
(111
)
 
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(111
)
Proceeds from exercise of 110,172 options
   
1
   
-
   
1,153
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
1,154
 
Issuance of 14,953 shares of Class A Common Stock for employee stock purchase plan
   
1
   
-
   
166
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
167
 
Tax benefit realized from stock option plans
   
-
   
-
   
730
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
730
 
Issuance of 10,000 shares of restricted stock
   
-
   
-
   
111
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(111
)
 
-
 
Repayment of notes receivable from stockholders
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
30
   
-
   
30
 
Amortization of restricted stock
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
39
   
39
 
Repurchase of 948,686 shares of Class A Common Stock
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(12,439
)
 
-
   
-
   
(12,439
)
Balance, December 31, 2005
 
$
159
 
$
30
 
$
159,627
 
$
110,269
 
$
(37,576
)
$
(17
)
$
(80
)
$
232,412
 
Net income
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
20,104
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
20,104
 
Issuance of 1,478 shares of Class A Common Stock for non-employee director compensation
   
-
   
-
   
29
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
29
 
Reclass due to adoption of 123R
   
-
   
-
   
(80
)
 
-
   
-
   
-
   
80
   
-
 
Proceeds from exercise of 59,111 options
   
1
   
-
   
717
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
718
 
Issuance of 28,242 shares of Class A Common Stock for employee stock purchase plan
   
-
   
-
   
364
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
364
 
Tax benefit realized from stock option plans
   
-
   
-
   
161
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
161
 
Stock-based compensation expense
   
-
   
-
   
458
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
458
 
Amortization of restricted stock
   
-
   
-
   
725
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
725
 
Repurchase of 140,000 shares of Class A Common Stock
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(2,472
)
 
-
   
-
   
(2,472
)
Balance, December 31, 2006
 
$
160
 
$
30
 
$
162,001
 
$
130,373
 
$
(40,048
)
$
(17
)
$
0
 
$
252,499
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.


U.S. XPRESS ENTERPRISES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
 
1. Organization and Operations, Segments
 
U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. (the “Company”) provides transportation services through two business segments: (i) U.S. Xpress, Inc. (“U.S. Xpress”), Arnold Transportation, Inc. (“Arnold”), and Total Transportation of Mississippi LLC (“Total”), comprise our truckload segment, (“Truckload”); and (ii) Xpress Global Systems, Inc. (“Xpress Global Systems”). U.S. Xpress, Arnold, and Total are truckload carriers serving the continental United States and parts of Canada and Mexico. Xpress Global Systems provides transportation, warehousing, and distribution services to the floorcovering industry, and prior to the sale and exit of its unprofitable airport-to-airport division in 2005, also provided deferred airfreight services.
 
Financial Accounting Standard 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”, permits for the aggregation of separate operating segments into one reporting segment if they have similar economic characteristics and if the segments are similar in each of the following areas: a) the nature and products of the services, b) the nature of the production process, c) the type or class of customer for their products and services, d) the methods used to distribute their products or provide their services, and e) if applicable, the nature of the regulatory environment. The Company notes U.S. Xpress, Arnold, and Total have these similarities and are consolidated into one reporting segment “Truckload” while Xpress Global Systems is reported separately.
 
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Principles of Consolidation 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.
 
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material. Significant estimates include useful lives of property and equipment and related salvage value, claims reserves for liability and workers’ compensation claims, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, and purchase accounting fair value allocations, including valuation of goodwill.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investment instruments with an original maturity of three months or less.
 
Recognition of Revenue 
The Company generally recognizes revenue and direct costs when shipments are completed. The majority of Xpress Global Systems’ revenue, representing 6% of consolidated revenues, is recognized upon manifest. Manifest refers to the time when the trailer of the independent carrier is loaded, sealed and ready to leave the dock. Estimated direct expenses are recorded simultaneous to the recognition of revenue. The recognition of revenue based on manifest as compared to completed shipment has not had a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations.
 
Concentration of Credit Risk 
Concentrations of credit risk with respect to customer receivables are limited due to the large number of entities comprising the Company’s customer base and their dispersion across many different industries. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations and generally does not require collateral.
 
Operating and Installation Supplies 
Operating supplies consist primarily of parts, materials and supplies for servicing the Company’s revenue and service equipment. Installation supplies consist of various accessories used in the installation of floor coverings and are held for sale at various Xpress Global Systems distribution centers. Operating and installation supplies are recorded at the lower of cost (on a first-in, first-out basis) or market. Tires and tubes purchased as part of revenue and service equipment are capitalized as part of the cost of the equipment. Replacement tires and tubes are charged to expense when placed in service.
 
Property and Equipment 
Property and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method for financial reporting purposes and accelerated methods for tax purposes over the estimated useful lives of the related assets (net of salvage values ranging from 25.0% to 50.0% of revenue equipment). The cost and lives at December 31, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:
 
       
Cost
 
   
Lives
 
2006
 
2005
 
Land and buildings
   
10-40 years
 
$
67,358
 
$
53,128
 
Revenue and service equipment
   
3-10 years
   
537,570
   
319,118
 
Furniture and equipment
   
3-7 years
   
35,441
   
31,006
 
Leasehold improvements
   
1-15 years
   
29,857
   
25,224
 
Computer software
   
1-5 years
   
39,584
   
31,620
 
         
$
709,810
 
$
460,096
 

 

The Company recognized $60,447, $45,765 and $43,051 in depreciation expense in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Gains on the sale of equipment of $2,578, $3,567 and $1,622 for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, are included in depreciation and amortization expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Amortization of capital leases is included in depreciation expense.
 
Upon the retirement of property and equipment, the related asset cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in the Company’s statements of operations. Expenditures for normal maintenance and repairs are expensed. Renewals or betterments that affect the nature of an asset or increase its useful life are capitalized.
 
Goodwill 
The excess of the consideration paid by the Company over the estimated fair value of identifiable net assets acquired has been recorded as goodwill. In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS 142”)”, which the Company adopted effective January 1, 2002. As required by the provisions of SFAS 142, the Company tested goodwill for impairment using a two-step process, based on the reporting unit fair value. The first step is a screen for potential impairment, while the second step measures impairment, if any. The Company completed the required impairment tests of goodwill and noted no impairment of goodwill in 2006, 2005 or 2004.
 
Purchase Costs and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets
Customer relationships and trade names are valued as part of acquisition-related transactions using the income appraisal methodology. The income appraisal methodology includes a determination of the present value of future monetary benefits to be derived from the anticipated income, or ownership, of the subject asset. The value of customer relationships includes the value expected to be realized from existing contracts as well as from expected renewals of such contracts and is calculated using unweighted and weighted total undiscounted cash flows as part of the income appraisal methodology. Customer relationships are amortized over seven years. The value of trade names is based on various factors including the projected revenue stream associated with the intangible asset. We evaluate these assets annually for potential impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 142.
 
Deferred Financing Costs
Deferred financing costs are included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and include fees and costs incurred to obtain long-term financing and are being amortized over the terms of the respective obligation. Amortization expense was $467, $654 and $462 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Accumulated amortization was $1,540 and $1,073 as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
 
Computer Software
The Company accounts for computer software in accordance with the AICPA’s Statement of Position (“SOP”) 98-1, “Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use.” Computer software is included in property and equipment and is being amortized on a straight-line basis over 12 months to 5 years. The Company recognized $4,685, $3,690 and $3,132 of amortization expense in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Accumulated amortization was $23,069 and $18,460 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
 
Book Overdraft
Book overdraft represents outstanding checks in excess of current cash levels. The Company funds its book overdraft from its line of credit and operating cash flows.
 
Investment in Affiliated Companies
Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities — an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51”, (“ARB 51”), “Consolidated Financial Statements,” (“FIN 46”), applies to variable interest entities (“VIE”), which was issued in January 2003 and revised in December 2003 (“FIN 46R”), defines the criteria necessary to be considered a VIE. FIN 46R defines a VIE as businesses that do not have sufficient equity to absorb the entities’ expected losses or where the equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest. The Company has determined that it does not have any VIE.
 
As required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 94, “Consolidation of All Majority-Owned Subsidiaries”, the Company consolidates operating companies in which it has a controlling financial interest. The usual condition for a controlling financial interest is ownership of a majority of the voting interest. Operating companies in which the Company is able to exercise significant influence but does not control are accounted for under the equity method. Significant influence generally is deemed to exist when the Company owns 20% to 50% of the voting equity of an operating entity. Entities consolidated are based on equity ownership of the entity by the Company and its affiliates. All intercompany accounts have been eliminated.
 
The Company uses the cost method to account for investment in companies that the Company does not control nor have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies. In accordance with the cost method, these investments are recorded at cost or fair value, as appropriate.
 
Claims and Insurance Accruals 
Claims and insurance accruals consist of cargo loss, physical damage, group health, liability (personal injury and property damage) and workers’ compensation claims within the Company’s established retention levels. Claims in excess of retention levels are generally covered by insurance in amounts the Company considers adequate. Claims accruals represent the uninsured portion of pending claims at December 31, 2006 and 2005, plus an estimated liability for incurred but not reported claims. Accruals for cargo loss, physical damage, group health, liability and workers’ compensation claims are estimated based on the Company’s evaluation of the type and severity of individual claims and future development based on historical trends. At December 31, 2006, the amounts recorded for both workers’ compensation and liability were based in part upon actuarial studies performed by a third-party actuary.
 


Earnings Per Share 
The difference between basic and diluted earnings per share is due to the assumed conversion of outstanding options and unvested restricted stock. The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share is as follows:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
     
2006
 
 
2005
 
 
2004
 
Net Income
 
$
20,104
 
$
9,432
 
$
16,426
 
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding
   
15,316
   
15,930
   
14,159
 
Equivalent shares issuable upon exercise of stock options and
vesting of restricted stock
   
252
   
153
   
240
 
Diluted shares
   
15,568
   
16,083
   
14,399
 
Earnings per share:
Basic
 
$
1.31
 
$
.59
 
$
1.16
 
Diluted
 
$
1.29
 
$
.59
 
$
1.14
 

Stock-Based Compensation 
In December, 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 123R, Share-Based Payment ("SFAS 123R"), a revision of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” ("SFAS 123"), which supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, and amends SFAS No. 95, “Statement of Cash Flows”. Generally, the approach in SFAS 123R is similar to the approach described in SFAS 123. However, SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their fair values. Pro forma disclosure is no longer an alternative. In accordance with SFAS 123R this cost will be recognized over the period for which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award. Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS 123R utilizing the modified prospective method, and, therefore, did not restate prior period results. Refer to Note 16 “Stockholders Equity” for additional information regarding the Company’s stock plans.
 
Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company applied the intrinsic value based method of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, and related interpretations in accounting for its stock option plans. No stock-based compensation cost was reflected in net income, as all options granted under the plans had a grant price equal to the fair market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant.
 
Had compensation expense for stock option grants been determined based on fair value at the grant dates consistent with the method prescribed by SFAS 123R, the Company's net income and earnings per share would have been adjusted to the pro forma amounts for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, as indicated below:
 
   
Year Ended
December 31,
 
   
2005
 
 2004
 
Net Income, as reported
 
$
9,432
 
$
16,426
 
Less: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects
   
(1,269
)
 
(589
)
Net Income, pro forma
 
$
8,163
 
$
15,837
 
Earnings per share:
             
Basic - as reported
 
$
0.59
 
$
1.16
 
Basic - pro forma
 
$
0.51
 
$
1.12
 
Diluted - as reported
 
$
0.59
 
$
1.14
 
Diluted - pro forma
 
$
0.51
 
$
1.10
 

The fair value of each option grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model as of the date of grant using the following assumptions:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2005
 
2004
 
Risk-free interest rate
   
3.25
%
 
3.25
%
Expected dividend yield
   
-
%
 
-
%
Expected volatility
   
58.5
%
 
58.5
%
Expected term (in years)
   
5.0
   
5.0
 
 
 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2006, the FASB issued Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), an interpretation of FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS No. 109”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109. The interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax provision taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Also, the interpretation provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. The adoption of FIN 48 will be effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company does not expect that the adoption of FIN 48 will have a material impact on the financial statements of the Company.
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This Statement does not require any new fair value measurements; however, for some entities, the application of this Statement will change current practice. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of SFAS 157 on its consolidated financial statements.
 
Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.
 
3. Business Acquisitions
 
On July 8, 2004, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of a less-than-truckload airport-to-airport carrier for a purchase price of $725 in cash plus assumption of approximately $233 in liabilities. The tangible assets acquired of approximately $275 related primarily to revenue equipment and furniture and equipment. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired was recorded as an intangible asset separable from goodwill, as it pertained to certain customer relationships, and met the separability criteria of SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141”). The Company expensed this amount in the second quarter of 2005 in conjunction with the sale and exit of the airport-to-airport business.
 
In the fourth quarter of 2004, the Company acquired 49% of the outstanding stock of ATS Acquisition Holding Co. ("ATS"), the parent company of Arnold. In the second quarter of 2005, the Company acquired 49% of the outstanding stock of Transportation Investments Inc. ("TII"), the parent company of Total, and certain affiliated companies (together with TII, the "Total Companies"). Certain members of Arnold’s current management team controlled the remaining 51% interest as well as a majority of the board of directors of ATS, and certain members of the Total management team controlled the remaining 51% interest and a majority of the boards of directors of each of the Total Companies. The Company did not guarantee any of ATS' or the Total Companies' debt and did not have any obligation to provide funding, services, or assets. The Company accounted for ATS' and the Total Companies' operating results using the equity method of accounting.
 
On February 28, 2006, the Company increased its ownership interest in both ATS and the Total Companies for approximately $7.9 million in cash. In the transactions, the Company increased its holdings to 80% of the outstanding stock of ATS and the Total Companies through the purchase of stock owned by the current management teams of Arnold and Total. The Arnold and Total management teams continue to hold 20% of the outstanding stock of ATS and the Total Companies, respectively. In connection with these transactions, ATS and the Total Companies became parties to, and guarantors of, the Company's revolving credit facility.
 
In connection with increasing its investments in ATS and the Total Companies, the Company issued an aggregate of 40,466 shares of restricted stock to key employees of those companies under its 2002 Stock Incentive Plan.  The restricted shares vest over periods up to four years contingent upon continued employment.  The Company recorded compensation expense in accordance with SFAS 123R in relation to these shares.
 
The acquisitions are accounted for under the rules of SFAS 141. The Company’s investment to date in the above mentioned companies totals $21.1 million. The allocation of the purchase cost consisted of $181.8 million in assets, of which $119.7 million is property and equipment, and $182.8 million in liabilities, of which $118.5 million is current and long-term debt. Currently, $22.1 million of this investment has been allocated to goodwill. $1.1 million of cash was acquired as of the date of the increased investment. The allocation of the investment is preliminary as the Company is still reviewing the valuations of certain assets.
 
The primary reasons for the acquisitions and the principal factors that contributed to the recognition of goodwill are as follows: 1) ATS and the Total Companies compliment the Company’s current presence in the United States by creating a denser capacity of revenue equipment and drivers and 2) Cost savings are expected through the sharing of best practices within the three companies in addition to increased purchasing power.
 
Commencing March 1, 2006, the Company has accounted for its investments in ATS and the Total Companies on a consolidated basis. 
 


The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents a summary of the Company’s consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 had the acquisitions taken place as of January 1, 2005 and 2006.

   
Year Ended
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Revenue, net of fuel surcharge
 
$
1,313,425
 
$
1,355,779
 
Net Income
   
20,194
   
11,957
 
Earnings per share - Basic
   
1.32
   
.75
 
Earnings per share - Diluted
   
1.30
   
.74
 

In the transactions that increased the Company’s ownership to 80%, the Company also obtained the right to elect a majority of the members of the board of directors of ATS. The Company retains options to purchase the remaining 20% of each of ATS and the Total Companies through December 8, 2007 and October 1, 2008, respectively. If the Company fails to exercise such options prior to such dates, the members of the current Arnold and Total management teams will have similar options to repurchase the Company’s interests in ATS and the Total Companies, respectively.

4. Income Taxes
 
The income tax provision for 2006, 2005 and 2004 consisted of the following:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Current:
                   
Federal
 
$
206
 
$
17,142
 
$
4,494
 
State
   
390
   
821
   
524
 
     
596
   
17,963
   
5,018
 
Deferred
   
16,111
   
(9,247
)
 
8,887
 
Income tax provision
 
$
16,707
 
$
8,716
 
$
13,905
 

A reconciliation of the income tax provision as reported in the consolidated statements of operations to the amounts computed by applying federal statutory rates is as follows:

   
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Federal income tax at statutory rate
 
$
12,884
 
$
6,352
 
$
10,616
 
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
   
855
   
272
   
455
 
Non-deductible per diem paid to drivers
   
2,784
   
1,980
   
1,948
 
Federal and state income tax credits
   
(504
)
 
(131
)
 
(740
)
Other, net
   
688
   
243
   
1,626
 
Income tax provision
 
$
16,707
 
$
8,716
 
$
13,905
 


The tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2006 and 2005 consisted of the following:

   
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Deferred tax assets:
         
Allowance for doubtful accounts
 
$
926
 
$
1,913
 
Insurance and claims reserves
   
28,498
   
24,870
 
Net operating loss and credit carry forwards
   
12,495
   
3,535
 
Valuation allowance for state NOLs
   
(178
)
 
-
 
Other
   
2,589
   
-
 
Total deferred tax assets
 
$
44,330
 
$
30,318
 

 
   
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
         
Book over tax basis of property and equipment
 
$
113,888
 
$
61,842
 
Deductible goodwill amortization
   
12,440
   
8,514
 
Prepaid license fees
   
6,149
   
4,639
 
Other
   
987
   
895
 
Total deferred tax liabilities
 
$
133,464
 
$
75,890
 
 
At December 31, 2006, the Company had approximately $21,495 of federal operating loss carry forwards, $60,351 of state operating loss carry forwards and $2,802 of state tax credit carry forwards. The federal loss carry forwards may be carried back 2 years and/or forward 20 years. The state loss carry forwards may be carried forward between 5 and 20 years, depending on the state, and may be used to offset otherwise taxable income. Some state tax credit carry forwards expire after 10 years while others will never expire, depending on the state. These credit carry forwards may be used in future years to offset the Company’s regular state tax liability.
 
The Company has created a valuation allowance of $178 to offset the tax benefit of certain state operating loss carry forwards. This is necessary since the Company believes that state operating losses of certain legal entities will not be utilized before their expiration under applicable state law.
 
 


5. Long-Term Debt
 
Long-term debt at December 31, 2006 and 2005 consisted of the following:
    
   
 December 31,
 
   
 2006
 
 2005
 
Obligation under line of credit with a group of banks, maturing March 2011
 
$
1,700
 
$
1,900
 
Revenue equipment installment notes with finance companies, weighted average interest rate of 5.99% and 5.52% at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, due in monthly installments with final maturities at various dates through August 2013, secured by related revenue equipment with a net book value of $265.8 million in 2005 and $99.0 million in 2005
   
 
263,953
    100,904  
Mortgage note payable, interest rate of 6.73% at December 31, 2006 and 2005, due in monthly installments through October 2010, with final payment of $6.3 million, secured by real estate with a net book value of $12.9 million in 2006 and $13.2 million in 2005
    7,782      8,112   
Mortgage note payable, interest rate of 6.26% at December 31, 2006 and 2005, due in monthly installments through December 2030, secured by real estate with a net book value of $15.9 million in 2006 and $16.4 million in 2005
    16,709      17,000   
Mortgage note payable, interest rate of 6.98% at December 31, 2006, maturing August, 2031, secured by real estate with a net book value of $13.7 million
   
10,416
   
-
 
Mortgage notes payable, interest rate ranging from 5.0% to 7.25% maturing at various dates through January 2009, secured by real estate with a net book value of $2.4 million
   
1,204
   
-
 
Capital lease obligations maturing through September 2008
   
1,510
   
2,661
 
Note payable maturing July, 2006
   
-
   
1,475
 
Other
   
260
   
103
 
     
303,534
   
132,155
 
Less: current maturities of long-term debt
   
(51,221
)
 
(17,111
)
   
$
252,313
 
$
115,044
 

Line of Credit
On October 14, 2004, the Company entered into a $100,000 senior secured revolving credit facility and letter of credit sub-facility with a group of banks, which replaced the prior $100,000 credit facility that was set to mature in March 2007. The credit facility is secured by revenue equipment and certain other assets and bears interest at the base rate, as defined, plus an applicable margin of 0.00% to 0.25%, or LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 0.88% to 2.00%, based on the Company's lease-adjusted leverage ratio.
 
On March 31, 2006, the Company amended the revolving credit facility and letter of credit sub-facility with a group of banks increasing the $100,000 senior secured revolving credit facility to $130,000. The amendment did not change the applicable margin for base rate loans or LIBOR loans, nor did it modify the fees for letter of credit transactions or quarterly commitment fees on the unused portion of the loan commitment. The amendment extended the maturity date of the credit facility from October 2009 to March 2011.
 
On October 27, 2006, the Company amended the revolving credit facility. This amendment consisted of a $10 million increase in the aggregate dollar value of miscellaneous investments that the Company may make, an increase in the Company’s ability to redeem its own stock by increasing the dollar value of permitted redemptions from $15 million to $30 million, and the adjustment of certain financial covenant ratios.
 
At December 31, 2006, the applicable margin was 0.00% for base rate loans and 1.50% for LIBOR loans. The credit facility also prescribes additional fees for letter of credit transactions and a quarterly commitment fee on the unused portion of the loan commitment (1.50% and 0.25%, respectively, at December 31, 2006). At December 31, 2006, $95.9 million in letters of credit were outstanding under the credit facility with $32.4 million available to borrow. The facility is secured by substantially all assets of the Company, other than real estate and assets securing other debt of the Company.
 
Covenants and Restrictions
The credit facility requires, among other things, maintenance by the Company of prescribed minimum amounts of consolidated tangible net worth, fixed charge and asset coverage ratios, and a leverage ratio. Subject to certain defined exceptions, it also restricts the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries, without the approval of the lenders, to engage in sale-leaseback transactions, transactions with affiliates, investment transactions, acquisitions of the Company’s own capital stock or the payment of dividends on such stock, future asset dispositions (except in the ordinary course of business), or other business combination transactions, and to incur liens and future indebtedness. As of December 31, 2006, the Company was in compliance with the credit facility covenants.
 


Debt Maturities
As of December 31, 2006, the scheduled principal payments of long-term debt are as follows:
 
2007
 
$
51,221
 
2008
   
57,137
 
2009
   
51,677
 
2010
   
71,162
 
2011
   
27,058
 
Thereafter
   
45,279
 
 
 
$
303,534
 

 
6. Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
 
The losses on extinguishment of debt resulted from prepayment penalties and the write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs when lines of credit were retired before their scheduled maturity dates follow:

 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Prepayment penalties
 
$
-
 
$
201
 
$
275
 
Unamortized deferred financing costs
   
-
   
93
   
179
 
   $  -  
$
294
 
$
454
 

7. Accounts Receivable Securitization
 
In October 2004, the Company entered into a $100,000 accounts receivable securitization facility (the “Securitization Facility”). On a revolving basis, the Company sells accounts receivable as part of a two-step securitization transaction that provides the Company with funding similar to a revolving credit facility. To facilitate this transaction, Xpress Receivables, LLC (“Xpress Receivables”) was formed as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Xpress Receivables is a bankruptcy remote, special purpose entity, which purchases accounts receivable from U.S. Xpress and Xpress Global Systems. Xpress Receivables funds these purchases with money borrowed under the Securitization Facility with Three Pillars Funding, LLC.
 
On March 31, 2006, the Company amended the Securitization Facility, increasing the existing $100,000 maximum thereunder to $140,000. Pursuant to the Securitization Facility amendment, Arnold and Total joined as additional originators, permitting Xpress Receivables to purchase accounts receivable from them in addition to U.S. Xpress and Xpress Global Systems.
 
The borrowings are secured by the accounts receivable and paid down through collections on the accounts receivable. The Company can borrow up to $140,000 under the Securitization Facility, subject to eligible receivables, and pays interest on borrowings based on commercial paper interest rates, plus an applicable margin, and a commitment fee on the daily, unused portion of the facility. The Securitization Facility is reflected as a current liability in the consolidated financial statements because the term, subject to annual renewals, is 364 days. As of December 31, 2006, the Company’s borrowings under the Securitization Facility were $37,000 with $96,245 available to borrow.
 
The Securitization Facility requires certain performance ratios be maintained with respect to accounts receivable and that Xpress Receivables preserve its bankruptcy remote nature. As of December 31, 2006, the Company was in compliance with the Securitization Facility covenants.
 
The transaction does not meet the criteria for sale treatment under the provisions of SFAS 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities”, a replacement of FASB Statement 125, and is reflected as a secured borrowing in the consolidated financial statements.
 
8. Comprehensive Income
 
Comprehensive income was the same as net income in 2006, 2005, and 2004.
 


9. Leases
 
The Company leases certain revenue and service equipment and office and terminal facilities under long-term non-cancelable operating lease agreements expiring at various dates through July 2013. Rental expense under non-cancelable operating leases was approximately $82,431, $78,062 and $81,258 for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Revenue equipment lease terms are generally 3 to 4 years for tractors and 5 to 7 years for trailers. The lease terms represent the estimated usage period of the equipment, which is generally substantially less than the economic lives. Substantially all revenue equipment leases provide for guarantees by the Company of a portion of the specified residual value at the end of the lease term. The maximum potential amount of future payments (undiscounted) under these guarantees is approximately $31,409 at December 31, 2006. The residual value of a substantial portion of the leased revenue equipment is covered by repurchase or trade agreements between the Company and the equipment manufacturer.
 
Approximate aggregate minimum future rentals payable under these operating leases for each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows:
 

   
Revenue Equipment
 
Other
 
Total
 
2007
 
$
84,947
 
$
9,656
 
$
94,603
 
2008
   
71,185
   
6,400
   
77,585
 
2009
   
57,881
   
3,654
   
61,535
 
2010
   
37,916
   
920
   
38,836
 
2011
   
12,762
   
262
   
13,024
 
Thereafter
   
14,408
   
15
   
14,423
 
   
$
279,099
 
$
20,907
 
$
300,006
 

10. Loss on Sale and Exit of Business
 
On May 31, 2005, Xpress Global Systems exited the airport-to-airport business and conveyed its customer list and a non-compete agreement to a company in exchange for $12,750 in cash. Following the transaction, Xpress Global Systems continues to provide transportation, warehousing and distribution services to the floorcovering industry. In connection with the sale and exit of the airport-to-airport business, Xpress Global Systems incurred costs related to the shutdown of certain facilities, including employee severance, the write-off of certain intangible assets, and losses related to the disposal and liquidation of certain assets of the airport-to-airport business.
 
The Company incurred a (pre-tax) charge, net of proceeds from this transaction, in the amount of $2,787, the components of which are summarized as follows:
 
 
Proceeds from sale
 
$
12,750
 
Less:
       
Severance expense
   
400
 
Provision for loss on future lease commitments
   
5,287
 
Write-off of goodwill and other intangibles
   
5,033
 
Loss on disposal of fixed assets
   
1,830
 
Provision for estimated loss on liquidation of receivables
   
2,025
 
Other expenses
   
962
 
Loss on sale and exit of business
 
$
(2,787
)


See the following summary of components related to the sale and exit from the airport-to-airport business. Of the accruals below, $989 is included in other long term liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, with the remainder in other accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2006:


   
 
 
Severance
 
 
Future Lease Commitments
 
 
Other Related Exit Costs
 
Minimum Contractual Amounts
 
 
 
Total
 
May 31, 2005 Reserve
 
$
400
 
$
5,287
 
$
962
 
$
5,033
 
$
11,682
 
2005 Reserve Additions
   
15
   
(15
)
 
-
   
73
   
73
 
2005 Payments
   
(415
)
 
(3,780
)
 
(797
)
 
(3,268
)
 
(8,260
)
December 31, 2005 Reserve
   
-
   
1,492
   
165
   
1,838
   
3,495
 
2006 Reserve Additions
   
-
   
305
(1)
 
-
   
148
   
453
 
2006 Payments
   
-
   
(795
)
 
(30
)
 
(476
)
 
(1,301
)
December 31, 2006 Reserve
 
$
-
 
$
1,002
 
$
135
 
$
1,510
 
$
2,647
 

(1)The component of the minimum contractual amounts liability represents interest accretion in the amount of $155 and increased provision of $150 as of December 31, 2006.

During 2006, the Company increased its provision for the estimated loss on liquidation of receivables from $2,025 to $2,680. Loss on sale and exit of business was $805 during the year ended December 31, 2006.
 


11. Other Assets
 
Other assets consisted of the following:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Deferred financing costs, net
 
$
1,180
 
$
1,002
 
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates
   
9,065
   
19,451
 
Cash surrender value
   
2,837
   
2,512
 
Trade name and customer intangible
   
9,572
   
421
 
Other miscellaneous amounts
   
3,265
   
2,064
 
Total other assets
 
$
25,919
 
$
25,450
 
               
 
12. Equity and Cost Investments
 
On July 1, 2000, the Company and five other large transportation companies contributed their non-asset based logistics business units into a commonly owned, Internet-based transportation logistics company, Transplace. The Company’s approximately 12% interest is $5,900 and carried on a cost basis. The Company earned revenues of approximately $9,600, $15,000, and $16,000 from Transplace in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, for providing transportation services. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, amounts due to the Company in trade receivables from Transplace were approximately $2,500 and $5,400, respectively. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, approximately $2,650 and $2,900, respectively, is due to the Company related to a loan issued during 2005. There have been no triggering events to indicate that this investment has been impaired. We have accounted for Transplace using the cost method of accounting.
 
In August 2006, the Company acquired a 49% interest in Abilene Motor Express, Inc. (“Abilene”) for approximately $3.0 million. Certain members of the Abilene management team control the remaining 51% interest and a majority of the board of directors. We have not guaranteed any of Abilene’s debt and have no obligation to provide funding, services or assets. Under the agreement with the Abilene management team, the Company has a four-year option to acquire 100% of Abilene by purchasing management’s interest at a specified price plus an agreed upon annual return, and the Abilene management team has the right to acquire the Abilene stock held by the Company in the subsequent four years following the expiration of the four-year Company option. We have accounted for Abilene’s operating results using the equity method of accounting.
 
13. Related Party Transactions
 
U.S. Xpress and Xpress Global Systems lease certain office and terminal facilities from entities owned by the two principal stockholders of the Company. The lease agreements are for five-year terms and provide the Company with the option to renew the lease agreements for four three-year terms. Rent expense of approximately $976, $932 and $886 was recognized in connection with these leases during 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
 
The two principal stockholders of the Company own 100% of the outstanding common stock of Innovative Processing Solutions (“IPS”), formerly Transcommunications. The Company utilizes IPS charge cards for over-the-road fuel purchases, driver advances and driver payroll. The Company paid IPS $333, $203 and $219 in fees for these services in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
 
IPS also provides communications services to the Company and its drivers. Total payments by the Company to IPS for these services were approximately $190, $208 and $802 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company owed IPS approximately $1 and $3, respectively, for the aforementioned services.
 
IPS owns 30% of the outstanding stock of a provider of onboard computers for the trucking industry. During 2006, the Company paid this provider $6.7 million primarily for communications hardware. This product is designed specifically for in-cab use on a Windows platform to enhance communications with the driver.
 
14. Commitments and Contingencies
 
The Company is party to certain legal proceedings incidental to its business. The ultimate disposition of these matters, in the opinion of management, based in part on the advice of legal counsel, is not expected to have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
 
The Company has letters of credit of $95,861 outstanding as of December 31, 2006. The letters of credit are maintained primarily to support the Company’s insurance program.
 
The Company had commitments outstanding at December 31, 2006 to acquire revenue equipment for approximately $177,358 in 2007. These revenue equipment commitments are cancelable, subject to certain adjustments in the underlying obligations and benefits. These purchase commitments are expected to be financed by operating leases, long-term debt, proceeds from sales of existing equipment and cash flows from operations. The Company also had commitments outstanding at December 31, 2006 to acquire communication units for approximately $2,417 in 2007, develop and improve facilities for $1,691 in 2007, and make payments related to software licensing contracts for $400 in 2007 and 2008.
 


15. Employee Benefit Plan
 
The Company has a 401(k) retirement plan covering substantially all employees of the Company, whereby participants may contribute a percentage of their compensation, as allowed under applicable laws. The plan provides for a matching contribution by the Company. Participants are 100% vested in participant contributions. The Company recognized $2,445, $1,856 and $1,667 in expense under this employee benefit plan for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, which has been included in salaries, wages and benefits in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
 
16. Stockholders’ Equity
 
Common Stock 
Holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share. Holders of Class B Common Stock are entitled to two votes per share. Once the Class B Common Stock is no longer held by the two principal stockholders of the Company or their families, as defined, the stock is automatically converted into Class A Common Stock on a share for share basis.
 
In December 2004, the Company completed an offering of 4,600,000 shares of its Class A Common Stock at $25.25 per share. Of these shares, the Company sold 2,000,000 shares. The offering generated net proceeds to the Company of approximately $47,700. The proceeds were used to repay outstanding borrowings under the Company’s Securitization Facility and to retire debt on certain mortgage notes and revenue equipment installment notes.
 
Under prior Board authorizations, the Company repurchased 140,000, 948,686, and 50,000 shares of Class A Common Stock for $2,500, $12,400 and $654 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. In January 2007, the Board of Directors approved the Company to repurchase up to $15,000 of its Class A Common Stock. The stock may be purchased on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions at any time until January 26, 2008, at which time the Board may elect to extend the repurchase program.
 
Preferred Stock 
Effective December 31, 1993, the Board of Directors approved the designation of 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $.01 per share. The Board of Directors has the authority to issue these shares and to determine the rights, terms and conditions of the preferred stock as needed.
 
Incentive Stock Plans
The Company maintains the U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2002 Plan”). There may be issued under the 2002 Plan an aggregate of not more than 1,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock. Participants of the 2002 Plan may include key employees as selected by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors. Under the terms of the 2002 Plan, the Company may issue restricted shares of common stock, grant options or issue performance grants to participants in amounts and for such prices as determined by the compensation committee. All options will vest immediately in the event of a change in control of the Company, or upon the death, disability or retirement of the employee. In May 2003, the Company registered the 1,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock under the 2002 Plan.
 
In May 2006, stockholders approved the 2006 Omnibus Plan (“2006 Plan”) that provides various equity-based alternatives to compensate the Company’s employees, directors, and consultants.  The 2006 Plan authorizes the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance units, performance awards, and any other form of award that is consistent with the 2006 Plan's purpose, or any combination of the foregoing.  A total of 1,000,000 shares of Class A common stock were reserved for grant of awards under the 2006 Plan.  In addition, any shares of Class A common stock related to awards under the 2006 Plan that terminate by expiration, forfeiture, cancellation, or otherwise without the issuance of such shares, are settled in cash in lieu of shares of Class A common stock, or are exchanged for awards not involving shares of Class A common stock, will become available again under the 2006 Plan.  Grants with respect to 12,600 shares of Class A common stock were outstanding under the 2006 Plan as of December 31, 2006.
 
On October 25, 2005, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the accelerated vesting of certain outstanding stock options previously granted under the 2002 Plan. The decision accelerates the vesting of all unvested options granted under the 2002 Plan before October 25, 2005, except options held by non-employee directors of the Company and certain recently hired employees. The closing price of the Company's stock on October 25, 2005 was $11.60. The decision to accelerate the vesting of the affected options was based upon a recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, which committee consists entirely of independent, non-employee directors.
 


As a result of the acceleration, unvested options to purchase 231,440 shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock, which otherwise would have vested from time to time through 2007, became fully vested and immediately exercisable. The affected stock options have exercise prices ranging from $11.50 to $13.90 per share, and a weighted average exercise price of $13.04. The affected options include options to purchase 124,802 shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock held by the Company's executive officers, having a weighted average exercise price of $13.23. The Company would have recognized compensation expense in the amounts of $850 and $166 in 2006 and 2007, respectively. This acceleration was effective as of October 25, 2005.
 
The Company’s decision to accelerate the vesting of affected employee stock options was primarily to eliminate or reduce the compensation expense relating to such options that the Company would otherwise be expected to record in its statements of operations for future periods upon the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), "Share-Based Payment" ("SFAS No. 123R"). SFAS No. 123R was effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2006, and requires that compensation expense associated with stock options be recognized in the statements of operations, rather than as a footnote disclosure in consolidated financial statements.
 
On October 20, 2006, the Board of Directors extended the expiration date of all outstanding option grants to expire in 2007. The expiration date was extended five years from the original date expiration date. The Company recorded a one-time charge of approximately $307 in the fourth quarter in connection with the extension, in accordance with SFAS 123R.
 
Stock option grants generally vest over periods ranging from three to six years and expire ten years from the date of grant. A summary of the Company’s stock option activity for 2006, 2005 and 2004 follows:


Stock Options
 
Shares
 
 Option Price
 
 Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2003
   
688,109
 
$
6.50 — 20.88
 
$
14.93
 
Granted
   
232,600
   
13.03 — 13.90
   
13.89
 
Exercised
   
(168,294
)
 
6.50 — 15.00
   
9.65
 
Canceled or expired
   
(27,225
)
 
6.50 — 11.50
   
10.47
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2004
   
725,190
   
6.50 — 20.88
   
12.04
 
Granted
   
28,600
   
11.15 — 15.00
   
11.90
 
Exercised
   
(110,172
)
 
6.50 — 19.13
   
10.50
 
Canceled or expired
   
(20,872
)
 
11.50 — 13.90
   
12.49
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2005
   
622,746
   
6.50 — 20.88
   
12.32
 
Granted
   
3,600
   
19.92
   
19.92
 
Exercised
   
(59,111
)
 
6.50 — 13.90
   
12.15
 
Canceled or expired
   
(12,750
)
 
6.50 — 6.875
   
6.79
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2006
   
554,485
   
6.50 — 20.88
   
12.51
 

The following is a summary of the stock options outstanding at December 31, 2006:

 
 
 
 
 
Exercise Price Range
 
 
 
 
 
 
Options Outstanding
 
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life in Years
 
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price of Options Outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
 
Options Exercisable
 
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price of Options Exercisable
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life in Years of Options Exercisable
 
 
 
 
Intrinsic Value of Options Exercisable
 
$6.50 — $8.06
   
105,025
   
3.4
 
$
7.31
   
105,025
 
$
7.31
   
3.4
 
$
962
 
$11.06 — $13.90
   
374,660
   
6.2
   
12.73
   
355,060
   
12.81
   
6.1
   
1,300
 
$15.00 — $20.88
   
74,800
   
5.9
   
17.71
   
67,867
   
18.78
   
5.6
   
-
 
     
554,485
   
5.7
 
$
12.51
   
527,952
 
$
12.48
   
5.5
 
$
2,106
 

 


The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was $2.2 million, $2.0 million and $.4 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2006, there was $.2 million in unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3 years. As a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R in January 2006, the compensation expense related to stock options was $60 for the year ended December 31, 2006.
 
The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was $10.30, $6.23 and $7.036, respectively. The fair value of each option grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model as of the date of grant using the following assumptions:
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Risk-free interest rate
   
5.0
%
 
3.25
%
 
3.25
%
Expected dividend yield
   
-
%
 
-
%
 
-
%
Expected volatility
   
46.5
%
 
58.5
%
 
58.5
%
Expected term (in years)
   
6.5
   
5.0
   
5.0
 

The following is a summary of the Company’s restricted stock activity for 2006, 2005 and 2004:

 
Restricted Shares
 
 
Number of Shares
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
Unvested at December 31, 2003
   
4,000
 
$
8.06
 
Granted
   
-
   
-
 
Vested
   
(2,000
)
 
8.06
 
Forfeited
   
-
   
-
 
Unvested at December 31, 2004
   
2,000
   
8.06
 
Granted
   
10,000
   
11.15
 
Vested
   
(2,000
)
 
8.06
 
Forfeited
   
-
   
-
 
Unvested at December 31, 2005
   
10,000
   
11.15
 
Granted
   
190,195
   
19.65
 
Vested
   
-
   
-
 
Forfeited
   
(2,977
)
 
20.27
 
Unvested at December 31, 2006
   
197,218
 
$
19.21
 

 
The Company’s restricted stock awards have various vesting schedules ranging from three to five years. The Company recognized compensation expense of approximately $725, $39 and $18 during 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. At December 31, 2006 the Company had $3.1 million in unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stick, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately four years.
 
Non-Employee Directors Stock Plan 
In May 2003, the Company adopted the 2003 Non-Employee Directors Stock Award and Option Plan (the “2003 Directors Stock Plan”). The terms of the 2003 Directors Stock Plan are consistent with the Company’s prior non-employee directors’ stock plan, including 50,000 shares of Class A Common Stock available for option or issue.
 
The 2003 Directors Stock Plan provides for the grant of 1,200 options to purchase the Company’s Class A Common Stock to each non-employee director upon the election or re-election of each such director to the Board. The exercise price of options issued under the 2003 Directors Stock Plan is set at the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the date granted. Options vest ratably on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of grant.
 
If a Board member elects to receive Board-related compensation in the form of stock, the number of shares issued to each director in lieu of cash is determined based on the amount of earned compensation divided by the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the date compensation is earned.
 
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”)
In May 2003, the Company adopted the 2003 U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2003 Plan”), effective July 1, 2003, through which employees meeting certain eligibility criteria may purchase shares of the Company’s class A common stock at a 15.0% discount of the fair market value, as defined. Consistent with the previous ESPP plan, common stock is purchased for employees in June and December of each year, and employees may not purchase more than 1,250 shares in any six-month period or purchase stock having a fair market value of more than $25 per calendar year. The Company has reserved 500,000 shares of Class A Common Stock under the terms of the 2003 Plan. In January 2006, employees purchased 9,057 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock at $10.12 per share. In June and December 2006, employees purchased 5,937 and 13,248 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock at $14.79 and $14.00 per share, respectively. As a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company recognized $91 in compensation expense related to the employee stock purchase plan for the year ended December 31, 2006.
 
17. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, customer and other receivables, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and securitization facility are reasonable estimates of their fair values because of the short maturity of these financial instruments. Based on the borrowing rates available to the Company for long-term debt with similar terms and average maturities, the carrying amounts approximate the fair value of such financial instruments.
 
18. Operating Segments
 
The Company has two reportable segments based on the types of services it provides, to its customers: Truckload (U.S. Xpress, Arnold, and Total), which provides truckload operations throughout the continental United States and parts of Canada and Mexico, and Xpress Global Systems, which provides transportation services to the floorcovering industry.
 
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Substantially all intersegment sales prices are market based. The Company evaluates performance based on operating income of the respective business units.

   
Truckload
 
Xpress Global Systems
 
Consolidated
 
Year Ended December 31, 2006
             
Revenues - external customers
 
$
1,378,231
 
$
93,533
 
$
1,471,764
 
Intersegment revenues
   
5,261
   
-
   
5,261
 
Operating income (loss)
   
52,334
   
4,574
 (1)
 
56,908
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
61,603
   
1,435
   
63,038
 
Goodwill at carrying value
   
89,492
   
4,815
   
94,307
 
Total assets
   
883,875
   
19,492
   
903,367
 
Capital expenditures
   
238,855
   
364
   
239,219
 
Year Ended December 31, 2005
                   
Revenues - external customers
 
$
1,038,843
 
$
125,389
 
$
1,164,232
 
Intersegment revenues
   
19,788
   
-
   
19,788
 
Operating income (loss)
   
37,468
   
(13,498
) (1)  
23,970
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
43,671
   
2,336
   
46,007
 
Goodwill at carrying value
   
67,328
   
4,815
   
72,143
 
Total assets
   
583,320
   
24,064
   
607,384
 
Capital expenditures
   
150,788
   
1,667
   
152,455
 
Year Ended December 31, 2004
                   
Revenues - external customers
 
$
947,090
 
$
158,566
   
1,105,656
 
Intersegment revenues
   
19,352
   
-
   
19,352
 
Operating income
   
45,315
   
(5,048
)
 
40,267
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
42,082
   
2,553
   
44,635
 
Goodwill at carrying value
   
67,328
   
6,868
   
74,196
 
Total assets
   
502,758
   
47,952
   
550,710
 
Capital expenditures
   
104,499
   
3,081
   
107,580
 

(1) Includes the pre-tax charge of $.8 million and $2.8 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively, related to the loss on sale and exit of the airport-to-airport business. See Footnote 10, “Loss on Sale and Exit of Business”.
 


The Company does not separately track domestic and foreign revenues from external customers or domestic and foreign long-lived assets. Providing such information would be impracticable, and the Company believes its foreign operations are immaterial to the Company’s financial condition.
 
The difference in consolidated operating income as shown above and consolidated income before income tax provision on the consolidated statements of operations is net interest expense of $18,469, $8,320 and $9,685 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, equity in (income) loss of affiliated companies of $327, $(2,792) and $(203), minority interest of $1,301, $0, and $0, and the early extinguishment of debt of $0, $294, and $454 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively, which are considered corporate expenses.
 
19. Subsequent Events
 
Subsequent to December 31, 2006, and in accordance with the January 2007 Board-approved stock repurchase authorization of up to $15.0 million, the Company repurchased 100,000 shares of its Class A common stock. The stock may be purchased on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions at any time until January 26, 2008, at which time the board may elect to extend the repurchase program. Any purchases would be at management’s discretion based upon prevailing prices, liquidity and other factors. The repurchased shares will be held as treasury stock and may be used for issuances under the Company’s employee stock option plan or for other general corporate purposes as the board may be determine.
 
20. Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) 
 
   
Quarter Ended
 
   
March 31
 
June 30
 
September 30
 
December 31
 
Total
 
Year Ended December 31, 2006
                     
Operating revenue
 
$
299,710
 
$
389,462
 
$
396,583
 
$
386,009
 
$
1,471,764
 
Income from operations
   
4,757
   
15,530
   
19,234
   
17,387
   
56,908
 
Income before income taxes
   
1,303
   
10,134
   
13,881
   
11,493
   
36,811
 
Net income
   
734
   
5,724
   
7,272
   
6,374
   
20,104
 
Earnings per share - basic
 
$
0.05
 
$
0.37
 
$
0.48
 
$
0.42
 
$
1.31
 
Earnings per share - diluted
 
$
0.05
 
$
0.37
 
$
0.47
 
$
0.41
 
$
1.29
 
Year Ended December 31, 2005
                               
Operating revenue
 
$
269,144
 
$
279,884
 
$
297,240
 
$
317,964
 
$
1,164,232
 
Income from operations
   
(1,955
)
 
1,526
   
9,489
   
14,910
   
23,970
 
Income before income taxes
   
(3,867
)
 
703
   
7,975
   
13,337
   
18,148
 
Net income
   
(2,127
)
 
482
   
3,999
   
7,078
   
9,432
 
Earnings (Loss) per share - basic
 
$
(0.13
)
$
0.03
 
$
0.25
 
$
0.46
 
$
0.59
 
Earnings (Loss) per share - diluted(1)
 
$
(0.13
)
$
0.03
 
$
0.25
 
$
0.46
 
$
0.59
 

 
(1)The sum of quarterly earnings per share differs from annual earnings per share because of differences in the weighted average number of common shares used in the quarterly and annual computations.

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
 
U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc.
 
We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, that U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
In our opinion, management’s assessment that U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on the COSO criteria.
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006, and our report dated March 9, 2007, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
 
 
Chattanooga, Tennessee
March 9, 2007
 


ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

 
Not applicable.
 
 
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
We have established disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to us and our consolidated subsidiaries is made known to the officers who certify our financial reports and to other members of senior management and the Board of Directors.
 
Based on their evaluation as of December 31, 2006, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms.
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
 
 
· 
pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;
   
· 
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and
   
· 
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.
 
 
The design, monitoring and revision of the system of internal accounting controls involves, among other things, management’s judgments with respect to the relative cost and expected benefits of specific control measures.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all instances of fraud, error, or misstatements. Moreover, effectiveness of internal controls may vary over time because of changes in conditions or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures.
 
Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework.
 
Based on its assessment, management believes that, as of December 31, 2006, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
 
Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, have issued an audit report on our assessment of our internal control over financial reporting, in which they expressed an unqualified opinion. This report is included herein.
 


Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2006, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION
 
Not applicable.
 
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
 
We incorporate by reference the information contained under the headings "Proposal No. 1 - Election of Directors," "Continuing Directors," "Corporate Governance - Our Executive Officers and Certain Significant Employees," "Corporate Governance - The Board of Directors and Its Committees - Committees of the Board of Directors - the Audit Committee," "Corporate Governance - Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act," and "Corporate Governance - Code of Ethics," from our Proxy Statement to be delivered to our stockholders in connection with the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 11, 2007, (the “2007 Proxy Statement”).
 
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
 
We incorporate by reference the information contained under the headings "Executive Compensation," "Corporate Governance - The Board of Directors and Its Committees - Committees of the Board of Directors - The Compensation Committee - Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation," and "Corporate Governance - The Board of Directors and Its Committees - Committees of the Board of Directors - The Compensation Committee - Compensation Committee Report" from the 2007 Proxy Statement
 
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
 
The information set forth under the section entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” of the 2007 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Securities Authorized For Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
 
The following table provides certain information, as of December 31, 2006, with respect to our compensation plans and other arrangements under which shares of our common stock are authorized for issuance.
 
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
 
The following table sets forth information as to our equity compensation plans as of the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, under which shares of our Class A common stock are authorized for issuance.
 
 
Plan category
 
 
Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of the
outstanding options,
warrants, and rights
 
 
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants,
and rights
 
 
Number of securities
remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected in column (a))
 
   
(a)
 
(b)
 
(c)
 
Equity Compensation Plans approved by security holders
(1993 and 2002 Incentive Stock Plans, 1995 and 2003 Non-Employee Directors Stock Award and Option Plans, and 2006 Omnibus Plan)
   
554,485
 
$
12.51
   
990,400
 
Equity Compensation Plans not approved by security holders (1)
                   
Total
   
554,485
 
$
12.51
   
990,400
 

(1)   We do not have any equity compensation plans not approved by our stockholders.
 
We incorporate by reference the information contained under the heading "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" from the 2007 Proxy Statement.
 


ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
 
We incorporate by reference the information contained under the headings "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions," and "The Board of Directors and Its Committees - Committees of Board of Directors - Independent Directors" from the 2007 Proxy Statement.
 
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
 
The information set forth under the section entitled "Relationships with Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - Principal Accounting Fees and Services" of the 2007 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
 
 
PART IV

 
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
 
(a) 1. Financial Statements:      
 
The financial statements are set forth in Part II, Item 8.
 
2. Financial Statement Schedules:
 
The financial statement schedule required to be filed by Item 8 and Item 15(c) of this Form 10-K is set forth under paragraph (c) below.
 
3. Exhibits:
 
The exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed under paragraph (b) below, and at the Exhibit Index appearing at the end of this report. Management contracts and compensatory plans or arrangements are indicated by an asterisk.
 
(b) Exhibits
 
The following exhibits are filed with this Form 10-K or incorporated by reference to the document set forth next to the exhibit listed below.
 
 
Exhibit No. Description
(1)
3.1
Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company.
(7)
3.2
Restated Bylaws of the Company.
(1)
4.1
Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company.
(7)
4.2
Restated Bylaws of the Company.
(1)
4.3
Agreement of Right of First Refusal with regard to Class B Shares of the Company dated May 11, 1994, by and between Max L. Fuller and Patrick E. Quinn. *
(1)
10.1
1993 Incentive Stock Plan.*
(1)
10.2
Form of Stock Option Agreement under 1993 Incentive Stock Plan.*
(1)
10.3
Form of Stock Rights and Restrictions Agreement for Restricted Stock Award under 1993 Incentive Stock Plan*.
(7)
10.4
1995 Non-Employee Directors Stock Award and Option Plan. *
(2)
10.5
2002 Incentive Stock Plan.*
(7)
10.6
Form of Stock Option Agreement under 2002 Stock Incentive Plan. *
(15)
10.7
Form of Restricted Stock Award Notice under 2002 Stock Incentive Plan.*
(3)
10.8
2003 Employee Stock Purchase Plan*.
(4)
10.9
2003 Non-Employee Directors Stock Award and Option Plan. *
(7)
10.10
Form of Stock Option Agreement under 2003 Non-Employee Directors Stock Award and Option Plan. *
(16)
10.11
2006 Omnibus Incentive Plan.*
(17)
10.12
Form of Non-Employee Director Award Notice under 2006 Omnibus Incentive Plan. *
(5)
10.13
Initial Subscription Agreement of Transplace.com, LLC dated April 19, 2000, by and among Transplace.com, LLC and the Company, Covenant Transport, Inc., J.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc., M.S. Carriers, Inc., Swift Transportation Co., Inc., and Werner Enterprises, Inc.
(5)
10.14
Operating Agreement of Transplace.com, LLC dated April 19, 2000, by and among Transplace.com, LLC and the Company, Covenant Transport, Inc., J.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc., M.S. Carriers, Inc., Swift Transportation Co., Inc., and Werner Enterprises, Inc.
(1)
10.15
Salary Continuation Agreement dated June 10, 1993, by and between the Company and Max L. Fuller.*
(1)
10.16
Salary Continuation Agreement dated June 10, 1993, by and between the Company and Patrick E. Quinn.*
(7)
10.17
Lease dated January 28, 1994, by and between Patrick E. Quinn and Max L. Fuller, as lessors, and the Company, as lessee, for certain real property situated in the County of Whitfield, State of Georgia.
(7)
10.18
Assignment of Lease and Estoppel Agreement dated August 31, 1995, by and among Patrick E. Quinn, Max L. Fuller, Q & F Realty, LLC, and the Company, for certain real property situated in the County of Whitfield, State of Georgia.
(7)
10.19
Amendment to Lease dated December 1, 1995, by and between Q & F Realty, LLC and the Company, for certain real property situated in the County of Whitfield, State of Georgia.
(7)
10.20
Lease dated January 28, 1994, by and between Patrick E. Quinn and Max L. Fuller, as lessors, and the Company, as lessee, for certain real property situated in the County of Canadian, State of Oklahoma. *


Exhibit No. Description
     
(7)
10.21
Assignment of Lease and Estoppel Agreement dated August 31, 1995, by and among Patrick E. Quinn, Max L. Fuller, Q & F Realty, LLC, and the Company, for certain real property situated in the County of Canadian, State of Oklahoma.
(7)
10.22
Lease dated March 1, 1994, by and between Patrick E. Quinn and Max L. Fuller, as lessors, and Crown Transport Systems, Inc., as lessee, for certain real property situated in the County of Whitfield, State of Georgia.
(7)
10.23
Assignment of Lease and Estoppel Agreement dated August 31, 1995, by and among Patrick E. Quinn, Max L. Fuller, Q & F Realty, LLC, and Crown Transport Systems, Inc., for certain real property situated in the County of Whitfield, State of Georgia.
(6)
10.24
Revolving Credit and Letter of Credit Loan Agreement dated October 14, 2004, by and among the Company, SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent, Fleet National Bank, as syndication agent, LaSalle Bank National Association, as documentation agent, SunTrust Capital Markets, Inc., as lead arranger and book manager, and the lenders from time to time party thereto.
(6)
10.25
Loan Agreement dated October 14, 2004, by and among Xpress Receivables, LLC, as borrower, U.S. Xpress, Inc. and Xpress Global Systems, Inc., as initial servicers, Three Pillars Funding LLC, as lender, and SunTrust Capital Markets, Inc., as administrator.
(6)
10.26
Receivables Sale Agreement dated October 14, 2004, by and among U.S. Xpress, Inc. and Xpress Global Systems, Inc., as originators, and Xpress Receivables, LLC, as buyer.
(12)
10.27
Purchase and Merger Agreement dated October 21, 2004, by and among Arnold Holdings, LLC, Arnold Transportation Holdings, Inc., Arnold Transportation Services, Inc., ATS Acquisition Holding Co., ATS Merger Co., and all of the members of Arnold Holdings, LLC.
(8)
10.28
First Amendment to Purchase and Merger Agreement dated December 7, 2004, by and among Arnold Holdings, LLC, Arnold Transportation Holdings, Inc., Arnold Transportation Services, Inc., ATS Acquisition Holding Co., ATS Merger Co., and all of the members of the Arnold Holdings, LLC.
(8)
10.29
Stock Purchase, Contribution, and Exchange Agreement dated October 21, 2004, by and among ATS Acquisition Holding Co., Xpress Holdings, Inc., and certain members of Arnold Holdings, LLC.
(8)
10.30
First Amendment to Stock Purchase, Contribution, and Exchange Agreement dated December 7, 2004, by and among ATS Acquisition Holding Co., Xpress Holdings, Inc., and certain members of Arnold Holdings, LLC.
(8)
10.31
Stockholders' Agreement dated October 21, 2004, by and among ATS Acquisition Holding Co., Xpress Holdings, Inc., and all other stockholders of ATS Acquisition Holding Co.
(8)
10.32
First Amendment to Stockholders' Agreement dated December 7, 2004, by and among ATS Acquisition Holding Co., Xpress Holdings, Inc., and all other stockholders of ATS Acquisition Holding Co.
(9)
10.33
Asset purchase agreement dated May 27, 2005 by and among Forward Air, Inc., Xpress Global Systems, Inc., U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc., and certain persons set forth therein.
(9)
10.34
First Amendment to Revolving Credit and Letter of Credit Loan Agreement by and between the Company and Fleet National Bank, LaSalle Bank, National Association, Bank Banking and Trust Company, National City Bank and Regions Financial Corporation as Lenders, and SunTrust Bank as Lender and Administrative Agent for the Lenders.
(9)
10.35
Waiver and Consent by and between the Company and SunTrust Bank, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders.
(9)
10.36
Omnibus Amendment No. 1 to Receivables Sale Agreement dated October 14, 2004, among Xpress Receivables, LLC as Borrower, U.S. Xpress, Inc. and Xpress Global Systems, Inc. as Servicers, Three Pillars Funding LLC as Lender and SunTrust Capital Markets, Inc. as agent and administrator for Lender.
(10)
10.37
Second Amendment to Revolving Credit and Letter of Credit Loan Agreement by and between the Company and SunTrust Bank, Bank of America, N.A., LaSalle Bank, National Association, Branch Banking and Trust Company, National City Bank and Regions Financial Corporation as Lenders, and SunTrust Bank as Lender and Administrative Agent for the Lenders.
(11)
10.38
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 28, 2006, by and among the Company, Xpress Holdings, Inc., Transportation Investments Inc., Transportation Assets Leasing Inc., Total Logistics Inc., and certain shareholders of Transportation Investments Inc., Transportation Assets Leasing Inc., and Total Logistics Inc.
(11)
10.39
Third Amendment to Revolving Credit and Letter of Credit Loan Agreement by and between the Company, SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent, and SunTrust Bank, Bank of America, N.A., LaSalle Bank, National Association, Branch Banking and Trust Company, National City Bank, and Regions Financial Corporation, as lenders.



(12)
10.40
Second Amendment to Loan Agreement dated October 14, 2004, by and among Xpress Receivables, LLC, as borrower, U.S. Xpress, Inc. and Xpress Global Systems, Inc., as initial servicers, Three Pillars Funding LLC, as lender, and SunTrust Capital Markets, Inc., as administrator.
(13)
10.41
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 28, 2006, by and among the Company, Xpress Holdings, Inc., ATS Acquisition Holding Co., and certain shareholders of ATS Acquisition Holding Co.
(14)
10.42
Fourth Amendment to Revolving Credit and Letter of Credit Loan Agreement by and among the Company, SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent, and SunTrust Bank, Bank of America, N.A., LaSalle Bank, National Association, Branch Banking and Trust Company, National City Bank, and Regions Financial Corporation, as lenders.
(14)
10.43
Third Amendment to Loan Agreement dated October 14, 2004, by and among Xpress Receivables, LLC, as borrower, U.S. Xpress, Inc., Xpress Global Systems, Inc., Arnold Transportation Services, Inc., Total Transportation of Mississippi LLC, and Total Logistics Inc., as servicers, Three Pillars Funding LLC, as lender, and SunTrust Capital Markets, Inc., as administrator.
(14)
10.44
Omnibus Amendment No. 2 to Receivables Sale Agreement dated October 14, 2004, by and among Xpress Receivables, LLC, as buyer, and U.S. Xpress, Inc., Xpress Global Systems, Inc., Arnold Transportation Services, Inc., Total Transportation of Mississippi LLC, and Total Logistics Inc., as originators.
(18)
10.45
Fifth Amendment to Revolving Credit and Letter of Credit Loan Agreement by and among the Company, SunTrust Bank, Bank of America, N.A., LaSalle Bank National Association, Branch Banking and Trust Company, National City Bank, and Regions Financial Corporation.
#
Form of Restricted Stock Award Notice under 2006 Omnibus Incentive Plan.
#
Subsidiaries of the registrant.
#
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
#
Certification pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) as adopted pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
#
Certification pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) as adopted pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
#
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
#
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
#
Total Transportation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
     
 
*
Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
 
#
Filed herewith.
 
(1)
Filed in Registration Statement, Form S-1, on May 20, 1994 (SEC File No. 33-79208).
 
(2)
Filed as Annex A to the 2002 Proxy Statement on April 15, 2002 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(3)
Filed as Annex A to the 2003 Proxy Statement on April 10, 2003 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(4)
Filed as Annex B to the 2003 Proxy Statement on April 10, 2003 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(5)
Filed in Form 10-Q on August 14, 2000 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(6)
Filed in Form 8-K on October 20, 2004 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(7)
Filed in Form 10-Q on November 9, 2004 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(8)
Filed in Form 10-K on March 15, 2005 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(9)
Filed in Form 10-Q on August 10, 2005 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(10)
Filed in Form 10-Q on November 9, 2005 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(11)
Filed in Form 8-K on March 6, 2006 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(12)
Filed in Form 10-K on March 16, 2006 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(13)
Filed in Form 8-K/A on March 23, 2006 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(14)
Filed in Form 8-K on April 5, 2006 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(15)
Filed in Form 8-K on April 12, 2006 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(16)
Filed in Exhibit A to the Definitive Proxy Statement on April 5, 2006 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(17)
Filed in Form 10-Q on August 9, 2006 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).
 
(18)
Filed in Form 8-K on October 31, 2006 (SEC Commission File No. 0-24806).



(c) Financial Statement Schedule

 
SCHEDULE II
 
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2006, 2005 AND 2004
(In Thousands)
 
 
 
 
Description
 
Balance at Beginning of Period
 
 
Charged to Cost/Expenses(1)
 
 
Charged to
Other(2)
 
 
 
Deductions(3)
 
 
Balance at
End of Period
 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 12/31/06
                     
Reserve for doubtful accounts
 
$
6,129
 
$
3,422
 
$
1,011
 
$
5,705
 
$
4,857
 
                                 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 12/31/05
                               
Reserve for doubtful accounts
   
3,357
   
6,658
   
121
   
4,007
   
6,129
 
                                 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 12/31/04
                               
Reserve for doubtful accounts
   
2,782
   
1,796
   
72
   
1,293
   
3,357
 

 
 
 (1)For the year ended December 31, 2006        
Charged to cost/expense
       
$
2,767
 
Provision for liquidation of receivables associated with the sale and exit of the Company’s unprofitable airport-to-airport business
         
655
 
         
$
3,422
 
For the year ended December 31, 2005
             
Charged to cost/expense
       
$
4,633
 
Provision for liquidation of receivables associated with the sale and exit of the Company’s unprofitable airport-to-airport business
         
2,025
 
         
$
6,658
 
(2) For the year ended December 31, 2006
             
Recoveries on accounts written off
       
$
5
 
Balances acquired through consolidation of Arnold and Total
         
1,006
 
         
$
1,011
 
               
(3) Accounts written off
             


SIGNATURES

 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on the 16th day of March 2007.
 
 
Date: March 16, 2007
 
U.S. XPRESS ENTERPRISES, INC.
     
     
 
By:
/s/Ray M. Harlin
   
Ray M. Harlin
   
Chief Financial Officer

 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 
Signature
Title
Date
     
/s/Patrick E. Quinn
Co-Chairman of the Board of Directors,
March 16, 2007
Patrick E. Quinn
President and Treasurer
 
     
/s/Max L. Fuller
Co-Chairman of the Board of Directors,
March 16, 2007
Max L. Fuller
Chief Executive Officer and Secretary
 
     
/s/Ray M. Harlin
Executive Vice President of Finance and Chief
March 16, 2007
Ray M. Harlin
Financial Officer (principal financial and
 
 
accounting officer)
 
     
/s/James E. Hall
Director
March 16, 2007
James E. Hall
   
     
/s/John W. Murrey, III
Director
March 16, 2007
John W. Murrey, III
   
     
/s/Robert J. Sudderth, Jr.
Director
March 16, 2007
Robert J. Sudderth, Jr.
   



Exhibit 21
 
 
 
Subsidiaries of U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc.
For Year Ended December 31, 2006
 
U.S. Xpress, Inc., a Nevada corporation
U.S. Xpress Leasing, Inc., a Tennessee corporation
Xpress Global Systems, Inc., a Georgia corporation
Xpress Company Store, Inc., a Tennessee corporation
Xpress Air, Inc., a Tennessee corporation
Xpress Holdings, Inc., a Nevada corporation
Xpress Colorado, Inc., a Georgia corporation
Xpress Nebraska, Inc., a Nebraska corporation
Colton Xpress, LLC, a California corporation
Xpress Receivables, LLC, a Nevada corporation
Cargo Movement Corp., a Nevada corporation
Xpress Waiting, Inc., a Nevada corporation
Associated Developments, LLC, a Tennessee corporation
Total Transportation Holdings, Inc., a Mississippi corporation
Total Logistics, Inc., a Mississippi corporation
Transportation Investments, Inc., a Mississippi corporation
Total Transportation of Mississippi LLC, a Mississippi corporation
Transportation Assets Leasing, Inc., a Mississippi corporation
TAL Real Estate, LLC, a Mississippi corporation
TAL Power Equipment #1, LLC, a Mississippi corporation
TAL Van #1, LLC, a Mississippi corporation
TAL Furniture and Equipment, LLC, a Mississippi corporation
TAL Marine, Inc., a Delaware corporation
TAL Aviation, LLC, a Mississippi corporation
TAL Power Equipment #2, LLC, a Mississippi corporation
ATS Acquisition Holding Co., a Delaware corporation
Arnold Transportation Services, Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation



Exhibit 23

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File No. 33-91238, File No. 33-94878, File No. 33-99730, File No. 333-105226, File No. 333-105227 and File No. 333-105232) and Form S-3 (File No. 333-120549) of U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries of our reports dated March 9, 2007, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries, U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc., included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2006.

Our audit also included financial statement Schedule II of U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and subsidiaries listed in Item 15(a). This schedule is the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion based on our audits. In our opinion, the financial statement schedule referred to above, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

 
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Chattanooga, Tennessee
March 9, 2007