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VALUE LINE INC - Annual Report: 2008 (Form 10-K)

Unassociated Document
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2008
or
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____________________________________ to __________________________________

Commission file number: 0-11306
value line
VALUE LINE, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

New York
 
13-3139843
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
     
220 East 42nd Street, New York, New York
 
10017-5891
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code (212) 907-1500

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, $.10 par value
 
The NASDAQ Global MarketSM
(Title of class)
 
(Name of each exchange on which registered)
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. ¨ Yes x No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.¨ Yes x No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes ¨ No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulations S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ¨  Accelerated filer ¨  Non-accelerated filer x  Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

The aggregate market value of the registrant's voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates at October 31, 2007 was $58,919,312.

There were 9,981,600 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding at June 30, 2008.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement relating to the registrant’s 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be held on August 21, 2008 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated.



TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I
Item 1
Business
3
Item 1A
Risk Factors
11
Item 1B
Unresolved Staff Comments
13
Item 2
Properties
13
Item 3
Legal Proceedings
14
Item 4
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
14
     
PART II
Item 5
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
14
Item 6
Selected Financial Data
15
Item 7
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
16
Item 7A
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
23
Item 8
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
25
Item 9
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
26
Item 9A
Controls and Procedures
26
Item 9B
Other Information
27
     
PART III
Item 10
Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance
28
Item 11
Executive Compensation
29
Item 12
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
30
Item 13
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
31
Item 14
Principal Accounting Fees and Services
31
 
PART IV
Item 15
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
32
     
EXHIBIT21.1
   
EXHIBIT31.1
   
EXHIBIT31.2
   
EXHIBIT32.1
   
EXHIBIT32.2
   
 
2


Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995

This report contains statements that are predictive in nature, depend upon or refer to future events or conditions (including certain projections and business trends) accompanied by such phrases as “believe”, “estimate”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “will”, “intend” and other similar or negative expressions, that are “forward-looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Actual results may differ materially from those projected as a result of certain risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to the following:

 
·
dependence on key personnel;
 
·
maintaining revenue from subscriptions for the Company’s products;
 
·
protection of intellectual property rights;
 
·
changes in market and economic conditions;
 
·
fluctuations in the Company’s assets under management due to broadly based changes in the values of equity and debt securities, redemptions by investors and other factors;
 
·
dependence on Value Line Funds for investment management and related fees;
 
·
competition in the fields of publishing, licensing and investment management;
 
·
the impact of government regulation on the Company’s business and the uncertainties of litigation and regulatory proceedings;
 
·
terrorist attacks; and
·
other risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to the risks described in Item 1A, “Risk Factors”, and other risks and uncertainties from time to time.

Any forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Part I
Item 1. BUSINESS.
 
Value Line, Inc. (the "Company" or “Value Line”), a New York corporation, was organized in 1982 and is the successor to substantially all of the operations of Arnold Bernhard & Company, Inc. ("AB&Co.").

The Company's primary businesses are:

 
·
Producing investment related periodical publications
 
·
Licensing certain Value Line trademarks and Value Line proprietary ranking system information to third parties under written agreements for use in third party managed and marketed investment products
 
·
Providing investment management and distribution services to the Value Line Mutual Funds, institutions and individual accounts.

The name "Value Line" as used to describe the Company, its products, and its subsidiaries, is a registered trademark of the Company.

A. Investment Related Periodicals & Publications

The investment related periodicals offered by Value Line Publishing Inc. (“VLP”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, cover a broad spectrum of investments including stocks, mutual funds, options and convertible securities. The Company’s services are of interest to individual and professional investors, as well as to institutions including municipalities and university libraries and investment firms. The services generally fall into four categories:
 
 
·
Comprehensive reference periodical publications
 
·
Targeted, niche periodical newsletters
 
·
Investment analysis software
 
·
Current and historical financial databases

3


The comprehensive services (The Value Line Investment Survey, The Value Line Investment Survey-Small and Mid-Cap Edition, The Value Line 600, and The Value Line Mutual Fund Survey) provide both statistical and text coverage of a large number of investment securities, with an emphasis placed on Value Line’s proprietary statistical rankings. The Value Line Investment Survey is the Company’s premier service published each week and covering approximately 1,700 stocks.

The niche newsletters (The Value Line Special Situations Service, Value Line Select, The Value Line No-Load Fund Advisor, The Value Line Convertibles Survey and Value Line Daily Options) provide information on a less comprehensive basis for securities that the Company believes will be of interest to subscribers. Certain of these services make use of Value Line’s proprietary statistical rankings.

Investment analysis software (The Value Line Investment Analyzer and Mutual Fund Survey for Windows®) includes data sorting and filtering tools. In addition, for institutional and professional subscribers, VLP offers current and historical financial databases (DataFile, Estimates & Projections, Convertibles and Mutual Funds) via CD-ROM or online.

Value Line offers online versions of most of its products at the Company’s website, www.valueline.com. Subscribers to the print versions generally receive free access to the corresponding online versions. The most comprehensive of the Company’s online efforts is The Value Line Research Center, which allows subscribers to access most of the investment services the Company publishes at a packaged price, but only via the Internet.

The print and electronic services include, but are not limited to the following:
 
The Value Line Investment Survey®
The Value Line Investment Survey is a weekly investment related periodical that in addition to various timely articles on current economic, financial and investment matters ranks common stocks for future relative performance based primarily on computer-generated statistics of financial results and stock price performance. Two of the evaluations for covered stocks are "Timeliness™" and "Safety™.” Timeliness relates to the probable relative price performance of one stock over the next six to twelve months, as compared to the rest of the approximately 1,700 covered stocks. Rankings are updated each week and range from Rank 1 for the expected best performing stocks to Rank 5 for the expected poorest performers. "Safety" Ranks are a measure of risk and are based on the issuer's relative financial strength and its stock's price stability. "Safety" ranges from Rank 1 for the least risky stocks to Rank 5 for the riskiest. VLP employs analysts and statisticians who prepare articles of interest for each periodical and who evaluate stock performance and provide future earnings estimates and quarterly written evaluations with more frequent updates when relevant. The Value Line Investment Survey is also referred to as The Value Line Investment Survey – Standard Edition.

The Value Line Investment Survey - Small and Mid-Cap Edition
The Value Line Investment Survey - Small and Mid-Cap Edition is a weekly publication introduced in 1995 that provides detailed descriptions of approximately 1,800 small and medium-capitalization stocks, many listed on NASDAQ, beyond the approximately 1,700 stocks of generally larger-capitalization companies covered in The Value Line Investment Survey – Standard Edition. Like The Value Line Investment Survey, the Small and Mid-Cap Edition has its own "Summary & Index" providing updated performance ranks and other data, as well as "screens" of key financial measures. The "Ratings and Reports" section, providing updated reports on about 140 stocks each week, has been organized to correspond closely to the industries reviewed in The Value Line Investment Survey – Standard Edition. A combined Index, published quarterly, allows subscribers to easily locate a specific stock among the approximately 3,500 stocks covered.

One unique feature in the Small and Mid-Cap Edition is The Performance Ranking System. It incorporates many of the elements of the Value Line Timeliness Ranking System, modified to accommodate the approximately 1,800 stocks in the Small and Mid-Cap Edition. The Performance Rank is based on earnings growth and price momentum, and is designed to predict relative price performance over the next six to 12 months.

4


The principal differences between the Small and Mid-Cap Edition and The Value Line Investment Survey’s Standard Edition are that the Small and Mid-Cap Edition does not include Value Line’s Timeliness Ranks, financial forecasts, analyst comments, or a Selection & Opinion section. These modifications allow VLP to offer this service at a relatively low price.

The Value Line Mutual Fund Survey
The Value Line Mutual Fund Survey is published once every three weeks and was introduced in 1993. It provides full-page profiles of about 700 mutual funds and condensed coverage of about 1,250 funds. Every three weeks, subscribers receive an updated issue, containing over 200 fund reports, plus a "Performance & Index" providing current rankings and performance figures for the full universe of about 2,000 funds, as well as articles on investment trends and developments of concern to mutual fund investors. Funds are ranked for both risk and overall risk-adjusted performance, using a Value Line proprietary model. The Value Line Mutual Fund Survey also includes annual profiles and analyses on 100 of the nation's major fund families.

The Value Line No-Load Fund Advisor
The Value Line No-Load Fund Advisor is a 32-page monthly newsletter featuring no-load and low-load, open-end mutual funds. It was introduced in 1994. Each issue offers strategies for maximizing total return, and model portfolios for a range of investor profiles. It also includes information about retirement planning, industry news, and specific fund reviews. A full statistical review, including latest performance, rankings, and sector weightings, is updated each month on 600 leading no-load and low-load funds.

The Value Line Special Situations Service
The Value Line Special Situations Service concentrates on fast-growing, smaller companies whose stocks are perceived by VLP analysts as having exceptional appreciation potential. It was introduced in 1951.

The Value Line Options Survey
The Value Line Options Survey is a semi-monthly service that evaluates and ranks for expected performance approximately 8,000 U.S. equity options. It was introduced in 1973. An electronic version of this product, The Value Line Daily Options Survey (available on the Internet), was introduced during fiscal 1995. An enhanced version was introduced in fiscal 2002. It evaluates and ranks U.S. equity options (approximately 130,000). Features include an interactive database and a new spreadsheet.

The Value Line Convertibles Survey        
Introduced in 1972, the Value Line Convertibles Survey is a semi-monthly print and online service that evaluates and ranks approximately 660 convertible securities (bonds and preferred stocks) and approximately 100 warrants for future market performance. The Value Line Electronic Convertibles, which was introduced in 2001, provides daily price updates and analysis online.

Value Line Select
Value Line Select, a monthly publication, was first published in 1998. It focuses each month on a company that senior VLP analysts have chosen. Recommendations are backed by in-depth research and are subject to ongoing monitoring.

The Value Line 600
The Value Line 600 is a monthly service, which contains full-page reports on approximately 600 stocks. Its reports provide information on many actively traded, larger capitalization issues as well as some smaller growth stocks. Since it was introduced in fiscal 1996, it has proven to be popular among investors who want the same type of analysis provided in The Value Line Investment Survey, but who do not want or need coverage of the approximately 1,700 companies contained in that publication. Readers also receive supplemental reports as well as a monthly Index, which includes updated statistics.

5


Value Line Investment Analyzer
Value Line Investment Analyzer is a powerful menu-driven software program with fast filtering, ranking, reporting and graphing capabilities utilizing over 350 data fields for about 8,000 stocks, industries and indices, including the approximately 1,700 stocks covered in VLP’s benchmark publication, The Value Line Investment Survey.

Value Line Investment Analyzer allows subscribers to apply more than 60 charting and graphing variables for comparative research. In addition to containing digital replicas of the entire Value Line Investment Survey, the Analyzer includes daily data updates through its integration with the Value Line databases via Internet connection. The software includes a portfolio module that lets users create and track their own stock portfolios in depth and up to ten years of historical financial data for scrutinizing performance, risk, yield and return.

Value Line Mutual Fund Survey for Windows®
Value Line Mutual Fund Survey for Windows®, a monthly CD-ROM product with weekly Internet updates, is the electronic version of The Value Line Mutual Fund Survey. The program features powerful sorting and filtering analysis tools. It includes features such as style attribution analysis, a portfolio stress tester, portfolio rebalancing, correlation of fund returns and hypothetical assets. Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corp. Value Line, Inc. and Microsoft Corp. are not affiliated companies.

Value Line DataFile
Value Line DataFile contains current and historic annual and quarterly financial records for nearly 8,000 active companies and over 5,000 companies that no longer exist in nearly 100 industries. DataFile has over 400 annual and over 80 quarterly fields for each of the companies included in the database. DataFile is sold to the institutional market. Value Line DataFile II, which includes less historical data, is also available. This version complies with Microsoft Access. In fiscal 1997, VLP introduced the Value Line Mutual Fund DataFile. It covers about 15,000 mutual funds with up to 20 years of historical data with almost 200 data fields. VLP also offers an Estimates and Projections File, with year-ahead and three- to five-year estimates of financial data and projections of stock-price ranges on companies covered in The Value Line Investment Survey, as well as a Convertible Securities File and custom services.

Value Line Research Center
The Value Line Research Center, an Internet-only service, provides on-line access to certain of VLP’s leading publications covering stocks, mutual funds, and options and convertible securities as well as special situation stocks. This service includes full online subscriptions to The Value Line Investment Survey, The Value Line Mutual Fund Survey, The Value Line Daily Options Survey, The Value Line Investment Survey - Small and Mid-Cap Edition, The Value Line Convertibles Survey and The Value Line Special Situations Service.

B. Licensing Programs 

The Company has licensed for fees certain trademarks and proprietary information for products, including unit investment trusts, annuity trusts, managed accounts and exchange traded funds. The sponsors of these products act as wholesalers and distribute the products by syndicating them through an extensive network of national and regional brokerage firms. These broad marketing networks are assembled and re-assembled each time that a product is introduced into the retail marketplace by a licensed product sponsor.

The sponsors of these various products will typically license one or more proprietary ranking systems, which may include Value Line Timeliness, Safety, Technical and Performance ranks, as screens for their portfolios. The sponsors are also given permission to associate Value Line trademarks with the products. Value Line collects a licensing fee from each of the product sponsors/managers primarily based upon the market value of assets invested in each product’s portfolio. Since these fees are based on the market value of the respective portfolio, the payments to Value Line, which are typically received on a quarterly basis, will fluctuate.

Value Line’s primary licensed products have been structured as Unit Investment Trusts, Exchange Traded Funds, Closed-end Funds and other types of managed products, all of which have in common some degree of reliance on ranking systems for their portfolio creation.

6


Examples of Value Line’s licensing methodology can be found in the following five Value Line indexed Exchange Traded Fund portfolios now listed on the American Stock Exchange:

First Trust Value Line Dividend Fund (FVD)

The FVD portfolio seeks to provide total return through a combination of current income and capital appreciation by investing in stocks selected by the third party licensee from among U.S. exchange listed securities of companies that pay above average dividends and have the potential for capital appreciation.

First Trust Value Line 100 (FVL)

FVL’s objective is to provide capital appreciation. It seeks to outperform the S&P 500 Index by adhering to a disciplined strategy of investing in a diversified portfolio of the 100 common stocks ranked #1 using Value Line's Timeliness Ranking System. This fund was a closed end fund that became an ETF in June 2007.

First Trust Value Line Equity Allocation Fund (FVI)

The FVI portfolio invests in a subset of the #1 and #2 ranked stocks per the Value Line Timeliness, Safety, and Technical Ranking Systems. The third party licensee purchases stocks in the index generated by the Company with the objective of capital appreciation.

PowerShares Value Line Timeliness Select Fund (PIV)

The PIV portfolio is constructed as an Index of 50 stocks within the 100 Rank #1 Timeliness stocks which factors Value Line Safety and Technical ranks into the portfolio selection process.

PowerShares Value Line Industry Rotation Fund (PYH)

The PYH portfolio contains 50 stocks chosen from the highest ranked stocks for Timeliness from each of the top 50 industries based on Industry Timeliness ranks, and the second highest ranked stocks for Timeliness from each of the top 25 industries based on Industry Timeliness ranks. The total number of stocks held by the Index is 75 stocks.

Total assets managed by third parties participating in licensing programs were $6.3 billion as of April 30, 2008.

C. Investment Management Services

As of April 30, 2008, the Company was the investment adviser for 14 mutual funds registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Value Line Securities, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, acts as distributor for the Value Line Mutual Funds (“Value Line Funds”). State Street Bank and Trust Company, an unaffiliated entity, acts as custodian of the Funds' assets and provides fund accounting and administrative services to the Value Line Funds. Shareholder services for the Value Line Funds are provided by Boston Financial Data Services, an affiliate of State Street, which is not related to the Company. On June 30, 2008, the Company reorganized its investment management division into EULAV Asset Management, LLC (“EULAV”), a newly formed wholly-owned subsidiary. As part of the reorganization, each advisory agreement was transferred from Value Line, Inc. to EULAV. The portfolio managers, who are now employees of EULAV, have not changed as a result of the reorganization.
 
7


Total net assets of the Value Line Funds at April 30, 2008, were:

   
(in thousands)
 
       
The Value Line Fund, Inc.
 
$
175,363
 
Value Line Income and Growth Fund, Inc.
   
381,128
 
Value Line Premier Growth Fund, Inc.
   
547,033
 
Value Line Larger Companies Fund, Inc.
   
279,910
 
The Value Line Cash Fund, Inc.
   
219,498
 
Value Line U.S. Government Securities Fund, Inc.
   
90,214
 
Value Line Centurion Fund, Inc.
   
246,564
 
The Value Line Tax Exempt Fund, Inc.
   
93,496
 
Value Line Convertible Fund, Inc.
   
30,043
 
Value Line Aggressive Income Trust
   
32,430
 
Value Line New York Tax Exempt Trust
   
19,988
 
Value Line Strategic Asset Management Trust (“SAM”)
   
561,491
 
Value Line Emerging Opportunities Fund, Inc.
   
974,921
 
Value Line Asset Allocation Fund, Inc.
   
141,471
 
   
$
3,793,550
 

The schedule below provides a breakdown of the major distribution channels for the Value Line Funds in terms of assets and shareholders.


Fund Categories
 
Aggregate Asset
Levels 
 
Percentage of
Assets in
Category
 
Shareholder
Accounts
 
Percentage of
Shareholder
Accounts in
Category
 
Guardian SAM and Centurion Funds
 
$
808,055,000
   
21.4
%
 
41,773
   
20.0
%
Value Line Funds direct accounts
 
$
1,551,836,000
   
40.8
%
 
66,724
   
32.0
%
Value Line Funds omnibus accounts
 
$
1,433,659,000
   
37.8
%
 
99,800
   
48.0
%
Total
 
$
3,793,550,000
   
100.0
%
 
208,297
   
100.0
%

Investment management fees and service and distribution fees vary among the Value Line Funds and may be subject to certain limitations. Each mutual fund may use "Value Line" in its name only so long as the Company or one of its subsidiaries acts as its investment adviser.

In addition to managing the Value Line Funds, EULAV manages institutional and individual portfolios.

8


D. Wholly-Owned Operating Subsidiaries

Wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company include Value Line Publishing, Inc. (“VLP”), Value Line Securities, Inc. (“VLS”), EULAV Asset Management, LLC (“EULAV”), Vanderbilt Advertising Agency, Inc. (“VAA”), Compupower Corporation (“CPWR”) and Value Line Distribution Center (“VLDC”).

1. VLP is the publishing unit for the investment related periodical publications.

2. VLS is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, also known as “FINRA”. VLS is the distributor for the Value Line Funds. Shares of the Value Line Funds are sold to the public without a sales charge (i.e., on a "no-load" basis). VLS receives service and distribution fees, pursuant to rule 12b-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 from certain Value Line Funds.

3. EULAV is a registered investment adviser that assumed the mutual fund investment management services previously provided by Value Line, Inc. as of June 30, 2008.
 
4. VAA places advertising on behalf of the Company's publications, investment advisory services, and mutual funds.

5. CPWR provides computerized subscription fulfillment services and subscriber relations services for VLP publications.

6. VLDC primarily handles all of the mailings of the publications to VLP’s subscribers. Additionally, VLDC provides office space for Compupower’s subscriber relations and data processing departments, and provides a disaster recovery site for the New York operations.

E. Trademarks
 
The Company holds trademark and service mark registrations for various names in multiple countries. Value Line believes that these trademarks and service marks provide significant value to the Company and are an important factor in the marketing of its products and services.
 
F. Investments

The Company invests in the Value Line Funds, fixed income government obligations and other marketable securities. As of April 30, 2008, the Company had $51,870,000 invested in the Value Line equity funds and $8,159,000 in the Value Line Cash Fund, representing approximately 1.6% of total Value Line Funds net assets at April 30, 2008.

G. Employees

At April 30, 2008, the Company and its subsidiaries employed 204 people.

The Company, its affiliates, officers, directors and employees, may from time to time own securities which are also held in the portfolios of the Value Line Funds or recommended in the Company's publications. Analysts are not permitted to own securities of the companies they cover. The Company has adopted rules requiring monthly reports of securities transactions by employees for their respective accounts. The Company has also established policies restricting trading in securities whose ranks are about to change in order to avoid possible conflicts of interest.

9


H. Principal Business Segments

The information with respect to revenues from external customers and profit and loss of the Company's identifiable principal business segments is incorporated herein by reference to Note 9 of the Notes to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
The Company's assets identifiable to each of its principal business segments were as follows:

   
April 30,
 
 
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
   
(in thousands)
 
               
Investment Periodicals, Related Publications and Licensing
 
$
10,780
 
$
18,976
 
$
14,861
 
                     
Investment Management
   
76,671
   
80,581
   
81,762
 
                     
Corporate Assets
   
50,502
   
29,406
   
22,591
 
   
$
137,953
 
$
128,963
 
$
119,214
 

I. Competition

The investment management and the investment information and publications industries are very competitive. There are many competing firms and a wide variety of product offerings. Some of the firms in these industries are substantially larger and have greater financial resources than the Company. The Internet has increased the amount of competition in the form of free and paid investment research on the Internet, and the prevalence of broker “platforms” permitting easy transfer of assets among mutual funds, mutual fund families, and other investment vehicles.

J. Executive Officers of the Registrant

The following table lists the names, ages (at June 30, 2008), and principal occupations and employment during the past five years of the Company's Executive Officers. All officers are elected to terms of office for one year. Except as noted, each of the following has held an executive position with the companies indicated for at least five years.

Name
 
Age
 
Principal Occupation or Employment
         
Jean Bernhard Buttner
 
73
 
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and AB&Co.; Chairman of the Board and President of each of the Value Line Funds until June 2008.
         
Mitchell E. Appel
 
37
 
Chief Financial Officer since April 8, 2008 and from September 2005 to November 2, 2007; Treasurer from June to September 2005; Chief Financial Officer, XTF Asset Management from November 2007 to April 2008; Chief Financial Officer, Circle Trust Company from January 2003 to May 2005; President of each of the Value Line Funds since June 2008.
         
Howard A. Brecher
 
54
 
Chief Legal Officer, Vice President and Secretary; Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and General Counsel of AB&Co.; Vice President and Secretary of each of the Value Line Funds since June 2008.
 
10


David T. Henigson
 
50
 
Vice President; Vice President of AB&Co.; Vice President, Secretary and Chief Compliance Officer of each of the Value Line Funds and Chief Compliance Officer of the Company until June 2008.
         
Stephen R. Anastasio
 
49
 
Treasurer of the Company and of each of the Value Line Funds since September 2005; Chief Financial Officer from 2003 to September 2005.

WEB SITE ACCESS TO SEC REPORTS
 
The Company’s Internet site address is www.valueline.com. The Company’s annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to these reports are available free of charge on the “View Recent Value Line Financials” page under the “About Value Line” tab of the Company’s Internet site as soon as reasonably practicable after the reports are filed electronically with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All Company filings are also available on the SEC Internet site, www.sec.gov as soon as reasonably practicable after electronic filing.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the risks referred to elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the following risks, among others, sometimes may have affected, and in the future could affect, the Company and its subsidiaries’ business, financial condition or results of operations. The risks described below are not the only ones facing the Company and its subsidiaries. Additional risks not discussed or not presently known to the Company or that the Company currently deems insignificant may also impact its business, brand and stock price.

The Company and its subsidiaries are dependent on the efforts of its executives and professional staff. 
The Company's future success relies upon its ability to retain and recruit qualified professionals and executives. While the Company has back-up staff for most positions, it is nevertheless possible that the loss of the services of key personnel could have an adverse effect on the Company.

If the Company does not maintain subscription revenue, its operating results could suffer. 
A substantial portion of the Company’s revenue is generated from print and electronic subscriptions. VLP’s trial and full term subscriptions are typically paid in advance by subscribers. Unearned revenues are accounted for on the balance sheet of the Company. The backlog of orders is primarily generated through renewals and new subscription marketing efforts as the Company deems appropriate. Future results will depend on the renewal of existing subscribers and obtaining new subscriptions for the investment publications. The availability of free or low cost information on the Internet could negatively impact demand for VLP’s publications or impact its pricing. Licensing agreements are based on market interest in the respective proprietary information. If the sales of the Company’s publications or royalties from proprietary information decline, its operating results could suffer.
 
11


Failure to protect its intellectual property rights and proprietary information could harm the Company’s ability to compete effectively and could negatively affect operating results.
The Company’s trademarks and tradename protection are important assets to the Company. Although its trademarks are registered in the United States and in certain foreign countries, the Company may not always be successful in asserting global trademark or tradename protection. In the event that other parties infringe on its intellectual property rights and it is not successful in defending its intellectual property rights, the result may be a dilution in the value of the Company’s brands in the marketplace. If the value of its brands becomes diluted, or if competitors introduce brands that cause confusion with its brands in the marketplace, such could adversely affect the value that its customers associate with its brands, and thereby negatively impact its sales. Any infringement of our intellectual property rights would also likely result in a commitment of Company resources to protect these rights through litigation or otherwise. In addition, third parties may assert claims against its intellectual property rights and it may not be able successfully to resolve such claims.
 
Adverse changes in market and economic conditions could lower demand for the Company’s products and services. 
The Company provides its products and services to individual investors, financial advisors, and institutional clients. Adverse conditions in the financial and securities markets may have an impact on the Company’s investment management revenues, securities income, subscriptions, and licensing services which could cause material changes in the Company’s operating results.

The Company’s assets under management, which impact revenue, are subject to fluctuations based on market conditions and individual fund performance.
Financial market declines and/or adverse changes in interest rates would generally negatively impact the level of the Company’s assets under management and consequently its revenue and net income. Major sources of investment management revenue for the Company (i.e., investment management and service and distribution fees) are calculated as percentages of assets under management. A decline in securities prices or in the sale of investment products or an increase in fund redemptions would reduce fee income. A recession or other economic or political events could also adversely impact the Company’s revenue if it led to a decreased demand for products, a higher redemption rate, or a decline in securities prices. Good performance of managed assets relative to both competing products and benchmark indices generally assists retention and growth of assets, resulting in additional revenues. Conversely, poor performance of managed assets relative to both competing products and benchmark indices tends to result in decreased sales and increased redemptions with corresponding decreases in revenues to the Company. Poor performance could, therefore, have an adverse effect on the Company’s business and results of operations.
 
The Company derives almost all of its investment management fees from the Value Line Funds. 
The Company is dependent upon management contracts and service and distribution contracts with the Value Line Funds under which these fees are paid. As required in the mutual fund industry, the Board of Directors of the Value Line Funds, a majority of whom are independent of the Company, may elect to terminate such contracts. If any of these contracts are terminated, not renewed, or amended to reduce fees, the Company’s financial results may be adversely affected.
 
The Company is in the highly competitive fields of publishing and investment management.
The Company competes with a large number of domestic and foreign investment management firms, broker-dealers and investment publishing firms offering competing products and services. Many of its competitors have greater resources and assets under management. The absence of significant barriers to entry by new investment management firms in the mutual fund industry increases competitive pressure. Entry barriers in publishing investment periodicals have been reduced by the minimal cost structure of the Internet and other technologies. Competition is based on various factors, including business reputation, investment performance, quality of service, marketing, distribution services offered, the range of products offered and fees charged. Since the Company is smaller than other companies in some of its product segments, adverse business developments may have an impact on the Company’s operating results.

12


Government regulations, any changes to government regulations, and regulatory proceedings and litigation may adversely impact the business of the Company. 
Changes in legal, regulatory, accounting, tax and compliance requirements could have an effect on the Company’s operations and results, including but not limited to increased expenses and restraints on marketing certain funds and other investment products offered by the Company. EULAV Asset Management, LLC is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. The Investment Advisers Act imposes numerous obligations on registered investment advisers, including fiduciary, record keeping, operational and disclosure obligations. VLS is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, also known as “FINRA”. Each Value Line Fund is a registered investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940. This Act requires numerous compliance measures, which must be observed, and involves regulation by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Each fund and its shareholders may face adverse tax consequences if the Value Line Funds are unable to maintain qualification as registered investment companies under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Those laws and regulations generally grant broad administrative powers to regulatory agencies and bodies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission and FINRA. If these agencies and bodies believe that the Company and its subsidiaries or the Value Line Funds have failed to comply with their laws and regulations, these agencies and bodies have the power to impose sanctions. The Company and the Value Line Funds, like other companies, can also face lawsuits by private parties. The Company, along with its directors and officers, have been sued from time to time. Regulatory proceedings and lawsuits are subject to uncertainties, and the outcomes are difficult to predict. Changes in laws, regulations or governmental policies, and the costs associated with compliance, could adversely affect the business and operations of the Company and the Value Line Funds. An adverse resolution of any regulatory proceeding or lawsuit against the Company, its directors, officers, or its subsidiaries could result in substantial costs or reputational harm to the Company and its subsidiaries or to the Value Line Funds and have an adverse effect on the business and operations of the Company or the Value Line Funds. As noted under “Legal Proceedings,” the Company and its broker-dealer subsidiary are currently being investigated by the SEC. As part of any settlement with or action by the SEC, the Company could be required to make disgorgement or pay penalties. It is also possible that under certain circumstances, either the Company’s regulated subsidiaries or executives or others associated with the Company or its subsidiaries could face suspension, bar or loss of license. Any of these events could have an adverse impact on the Company and its business.

Terrorist attacks could adversely affect the Company.
A terrorist attack, including biological or chemical weapons attacks, and the response to such terrorist attacks, could have a significant impact on the New York City area, the local economy, the United States economy, the global economy, and U.S. and/or global financial markets and could also have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business.

Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.
 
Item 2. PROPERTIES.

The Company leases approximately 64,000 square feet of office space at 220 East 42nd Street in New York. The lease expires May 2013. In addition to the New York, NY office space, the Company owns a warehouse facility with approximately 85,000 square feet in New Jersey. The facility primarily serves the distribution operations for the various Company publications and the fulfillment operations of CPWR for the publications and serves as a disaster recovery site for the Company. The Company believes the capacity of these facilities is sufficient to meet the Company's current and expected future requirements.

13


Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
 
By letter dated June 15, 2005, the staff of the Northeast Regional Office of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) informed the Company that it was conducting an informal inquiry primarily regarding the execution of portfolio transactions by VLS for the Value Line Funds. The Company has supplied numerous documents to the SEC in response to its requests and various employees and former employees of the Company have provided testimony to the SEC. On May 8, 2008 the SEC issued a formal order of private investigation regarding whether VLS’ brokerage charges and related expense reimbursements during periods prior to 2005 were excessive and whether adequate disclosure was made to the SEC and the boards of directors and shareholders of the Value Line Funds. Thereafter, two senior officers of the Company asserted their constitutional privilege not to provide testimony. Management believes that the SEC is nearing completion of its investigation and the Company will seek to settle this matter with the SEC. Management cannot determine the effect that the investigation will have on the Company’s financial statements although it believes that any settlement is likely to be material.

Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.

No matters were submitted to a vote of the shareholders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended April 30, 2008.
 
 
Part II

Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

The Registrant's Common Stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global MarketSM under the symbol “VALU”. The approximate number of record holders of the Registrant's Common Stock at April 30, 2008 was 59. As of June 30, 2008, the closing stock price was $33.25.

The reported high and low prices and the dividends paid on these shares during the past two fiscal years were as follows:

           
Dividend Declared
 
Quarter Ended
 
High
 
Low
 
Per Share
 
               
April 30, 2008
 
$
46.92
 
$
41.50
 
$
.30
 
January 31, 2008
 
$
41.40
 
$
31.10
 
$
.30
 
October 31, 2007
 
$
52.74
 
$
43.70
 
$
.30
 
July 31, 2007
 
$
56.00
 
$
42.69
 
$
.30
 
                     
April 30, 2007
 
$
50.00
 
$
44.93
 
$
.30
 
January 31, 2007
 
$
48.32
 
$
44.37
 
$
.30
 
October 31, 2006
 
$
54.56
 
$
44.02
 
$
.30
 
July 31, 2006
 
$
45.82
 
$
38.83
 
$
.25
 
 
As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, there were no securities of the Company authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans. The Company did not sell any unregistered shares of common stock during Fiscal 2008.

There were no purchases of the Company’s equity securities by the Company or any affiliated purchaser during the fiscal quarter ended April 30, 2008.
 
14


Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.

Earnings per share for each of the fiscal years shown below are based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding.

   
Years ended April 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
   
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
                       
Revenues:
                               
                                 
Investment periodicals and related publications
 
$
42,791
 
$
45,619
 
$
47,703
 
$
50,172
 
$
51,360
 
 
                               
Licensing Fees
 
$
7,066
 
$
6,861
 
$
5,016
 
$
2,541
 
$
1,137
 
 
                               
Investment management fees and services
 
$
32,821
 
$
31,155
 
$
32,467
 
$
31,765
 
$
32,773
 
                                 
Total revenues
 
$
82,678
 
$
83,635
 
$
85,186
 
$
84,478
 
$
85,270
 
 
                               
Income from operations
 
$
34,450
 
$
35,636
 
$
35,180
 
$
27,084
 
$
24,739
 
Net income
 
$
25,550
 
$
24,607
 
$
23,439
 
$
21,318
 
$
20,350
 
Earnings per share, basic and fully diluted
 
$
2.56
 
$
2.47
 
$
2.35
 
$
2.14
 
$
2.04
 
 
                               
Total assets
 
$
137,953
 
$
128,963
 
$
119,214
 
$
98,865
 
$
266,924
 
 
                               
Cash dividends declared per share
 
$
1.20
 
$
1.15
 
$
1.00
 
$
1.00
 
$
18.50
 
 
 
 
 
 
15


Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help a reader understand Value Line, its operations and business factors. The MD&A should be read in conjunction with Item 1, Business, and in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes contained in Item 8 of this report.

The MD&A includes the following subsections:

 
·
Executive Summary of the Business
 
·
Results of Operations
 
·
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
·
Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies

Executive Summary of the Business

The Company's primary businesses are producing investment related periodical publications and data, licensing certain Value Line trademarks and Value Line proprietary ranking system information to third parties for use in selecting securities for third party marketed products, such as unit investment trusts, closed-end fund products and exchange traded funds, and providing investment management services to the Value Line Funds and other managed accounts.

The Company’s target audiences within the investment related periodical publications field are individual investors, colleges, libraries, and investment management professionals. Individuals come to Value Line for complete research in one package. Institutional subscribers, such as libraries and universities, offer the Company’s detailed research to their patrons and students. Investment management professionals use the research and historical information in their day to day business.

Depending upon the product, the Company offers three months or less, annual, or multi-year subscriptions. Generally, all subscriptions are paid for in advance of fulfillment. Renewal orders are solicited primarily through a series of renewal efforts that include letters, email, and telesales efforts. New orders are generated primarily from targeted direct mail campaigns for specific products. Other sales channels used by the Company include advertising in media publications, the Internet, cross selling via telesales efforts and Internet promotions through third parties.

Institutional subscribers consist of investment management companies, colleges, and libraries. The Company has a dedicated department that solicits institutional subscriptions. Fees for institutional services are based on university or college enrollment and number of users.

Cash received for retail and institutional orders is recorded as unearned revenues until the order is fulfilled. As the subscriptions are fulfilled, the Company recognizes revenue in equal installments over the life of the particular subscription. Subscription revenues are recognized on a straight line basis over the life of the subscription. Accordingly, the amount of subscription fees to be earned by fulfilling subscriptions after the date of the balance sheet is shown as unearned revenue within current and long-term liabilities. Changes in unearned revenue generally indicate the trend for subscription revenues over the following year as the current portion of deferred revenue is expected to be recognized as revenue within 12 months.

The Company’s businesses consolidate into two business segments. The investment related periodical publications (retail and institutional) and licensing of trademarks and proprietary ranking system information consolidate into one segment entitled Investment Periodicals, Publications and Licensing. The second segment consolidates the investment management services to the Value Line Funds and other managed accounts into a business segment entitled Investment Management.
 
16


Results of Operations

The following table illustrates the key earnings figures for each of the past three years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006.

Year Ended April 30, 
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
Percentage Change
 
(in thousands, except earnings per share)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
08 vs 07
 
07 vs 06
 
Earnings Per Share
 
$
2.56
 
$
2.47
 
$
2.35
   
3.6
%
 
5.1
%
Net Income
 
$
25,550
 
$
24,607
 
$
23,439
   
3.8
%
 
5.0
%
Operating Income
 
$
34,450
 
$
35,636
 
$
35,180
   
-3.3
%
 
1.3
%
Income from Securities transactions, net
 
$
6,294
 
$
4,867
 
$
3,869
   
29.3
%
 
25.8
%
 
Operating revenues
 
Year Ended April 30,  
   
2008
   
2007 
   
2006 
   
Percentage Change 
 
Operating revenues and % of total by
year (in thousands) 
   
$$ 
   
 % 
   
$$ 
   
 % 
   
$$ 
   
 % 
   
08 vs 07
   
07 vs 06 
 
Investment periodicals and related publications
 
$
42,791
   
51.8
%       
$
45,619
   
54.5
%       
$
47,703
   
56.0
%       
 
-6.2
%
 
-4.4
%
Licensing Fees
 
$
7,066
   
8.5
%
$
6,861
   
8.2
%
$
5,016
   
5.9
%
 
3.0
%
 
36.8
%
Investment management fees and related services
 
$
32,821
   
39.7
%
$
31,155
   
37.3
%
$
32,467
   
38.1
%
 
5.3
%
 
-4.0
%
Total Operating Revenues
 
$
82,678
       
$
83,635
       
$
85,186
         
-1
%
 
-1.8
%

 Investment periodicals and related publications revenues

The investment periodicals and related publications revenues were down $2,828,000 or 6% for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008 as compared to the twelve months ended April 30, 2007. As a percentage of total operating revenues, investment periodicals and related publications revenues have decreased from 56% at the end of fiscal year 2006 to 52% at the end of fiscal year 2008. While the Company continues to attract new subscribers through various marketing channels, primarily direct mail and the Internet, total product line circulation continues to decline. Factors that have contributed to the decline in the investment periodicals and related publications revenues include the increasing amount of competition in the form of free and lower cost investment research on the Internet and research provided by brokerage firms at no cost to their clients.
 
Within investment periodicals and related publications are subscription revenues to print and electronic products.

Year Ended April 30, 
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
Percentage Change
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
08 vs 07
 
07 vs 06
 
Print publication revenues
 
$
30,660
 
$
34,090
 
$
36,756
   
-10.1
%
 
-7.3
%
Electronic publication revenues *
 
$
12,131
 
$
11,529
 
$
10,947
   
5.2
%
 
5.3
%
Total Investment periodicals and related publications revenue
 
$
42,791
 
$
45,619
 
$
47,703
   
-6.2
%
 
-4.4
%
                                 
Unearned Revenues (Short and Long Term)
 
$
32,530
 
$
34,500
 
$
37,500
   
-5.7
%
 
-8.0
%
 
* Institutional Sales increased while Retail business decreased.

17

 
Value Line’s electronic publications revenues derive 47% from institutional accounts and 53% from retail subscribers. For the twelve months ended April 30, 2008, institutional revenues increased $1,092,000 or 23%, while revenues from retail subscribers were down $490,000 or 7% as compared to the twelve months ended April 30, 2007. The decrease in electronic retail publications revenues is primarily attributable to the decrease in circulation within the Company’s software products. Circulation of The Value Line Investment Analyzer decreased 11%, which resulted in a $527,000 decline in revenues from this product, partially offset by an increase in the circulation and revenues from online subscriptions to The Value Line Investment Survey. For the year ended April 30, 2008 print publication revenues decreased $3,430,000 or 10% below last fiscal year as a result of the decrease in advertising and increased competition in the form of free and paid investment research.

Licensing revenues
Licensing revenues have grown $205,000, $1,845,000 and $2,475,000, respectively, each of the last three years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006. As of April 30, 2008, total third party sponsored assets attributable to the licensing business represent $6.3 billion in various products. The recent credit crisis, corporate action by certain closed-end fund shareholders, and a broad market decline has impacted overall assets attributable to the licensing business revenues. However, total assets are relatively unchanged from the previous year end due to the ability of third parties to raise assets to offset the market erosion on their products. In fiscal year 2008 the company signed one new sponsor, which has significant distribution capabilities in the UIT market place. The new sponsor has tested several product related portfolio strategies and we believe will launch an ETF Unit Investment Trust in July 2008. The Company believes the growth of the business is dependent upon the desire of third party marketers to use the Value Line trademarks and proprietary research for their products, signing new licensing agreements, and the marketplace’s acceptance of new products. As stated in the past, Value Line believes it was an early entrant into this new market six years ago. Today this market has significantly broadened as a result of product diversification and growth of Index utilization by portfolio managers. Simultaneously, the Company and its third party sponsors face greater competition in the marketplace from Index providers.

Investment management fees and distribution services revenues
The investment management fees and distribution services revenues were up $1,666,000 or 5% for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008 as compared to the twelve months ended April 30, 2007 after being down $1,312,000 or 4% for the year ended April 30, 2007 compared to year ended April 30, 2006. During the period, voluntary and contractual fee waivers exist for certain of the Value Line Funds. For the twelve months ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, 12b-1 fee waivers were $3,774,000, $3,127,000, and $282,000. For the twelve months ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, total management fee waivers were $226,000, $250,000, and $40,000. The Company and its subsidiary, VLS, have no right to recoup the previously waived amounts of management fees and 12b-1 fees.
 
The table below illustrates the total fund assets for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008 as compared to the previous two fiscal years. The second table shows the two channels through which the equity funds are available. Shares of Value Line Strategic Asset Management Trust (“SAM”) and Value Line Centurion Fund are available to the public only through the purchase of certain variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts issued by The Guardian Insurance & Annuity Company, Inc. (“GIAC”).

Year Ended April 30, 
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
Percentage Change
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
08 vs 07
 
07 vs 06
 
                       
Equity funds
 
$
3,307,879
 
$
3,284,560
 
$
3,290,291
   
0.7
%
 
-0.2
%
Fixed income funds
 
$
266,172
 
$
291,586
 
$
314,022
   
-8.7
%
 
-7.1
%
Money Market funds
 
$
219,499
 
$
177,788
 
$
166,142
   
23.5
%
 
7.0
%
Total net assets
 
$
3,793,550
 
$
3,753,934
 
$
3,770,455
   
1.1
%
 
-0.4
%
                                 
Equity fund assets sold through GIAC
 
$
808,055
 
$
924,231
 
$
1,055,069
   
-12.6
%
 
-12.4
%
Equity fund assets sold though VLS
 
$
2,499,824
 
$
2,360,329
 
$
2,235,222
   
5.9
%
 
5.6
%
Total Equity fund net assets
 
$
3,307,879
 
$
3,284,560
 
$
3,290,291
   
0.7
%
 
-0.2
%
 
18

 
The Company believes that the 5.9% growth in equity fund assets for the twelve months of fiscal 2008 and 5.6% growth in equity fund assets for fiscal 2007 excluding SAM and Centurion Funds sold through GIAC, has been in large part due to the good performance for certain Value Line Funds at various intervals in terms of short, mid and long-term returns. As of April 30, 2008, 80% of the equity funds, excluding SAM and Centurion, had four or five-star ratings by Morningstar, Inc.® similar to fiscal 2007. The largest distribution channel for the Value Line Funds remains the fund supermarket platforms including, but not limited to, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc., TD Ameritrade, Inc., and National City Bank.

The Company’s fixed income fund assets, representing 7% of total fund assets at April 30, 2008, are down 8.7% from the previous year end. The decline in fixed income assets reflects the challenge of competing against equity funds and other larger fixed income families in a low interest rate environment. The cash fund assets, representing 6% of the total fund assets at April 30, 2008, have increased 23% from the previous year end.. The increase is due primarily to additional cash fund purchases by the Parent company in the fourth quarter. The Parent has made no representations to Value Line as to how long the cash will remain in the Value Line Cash Fund.

Expenses

Advertising and promotion

Year Ended April 30, 
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
Percentage Change
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
08 vs 07
 
07 vs 06
 
Advertising and promotion
 
$
13,863
 
$
14,628
 
$
13,671
   
-5.2
%
 
7.0
%

Advertising and promotion expenses for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008 decreased $765,000 as compared to the twelve months ended April 30, 2007. Costs associated with direct mail decreased $1,507,000 or 30% below last fiscal year, due to a targeted reduction in the overall number of pieces mailed year to year. Promotion expense for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008 declined by $381,000 as a result of the reversal of deferred advertising charges related to the SAM and Centurion Funds. Expenditures for print media promoting the Value Line Funds in select markets increased by $424,000 for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008. The major increase of $1,084,000 is due to fees paid to third party intermediaries (supermarkets), such as, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. to market the Value Line Funds. This expense will fluctuate based on assets invested in the Value Line Funds by clients of the mutual fund supermarkets, and the change in market value of such assets. The Company anticipates third party intermediary expenses will continue to increase as more shareholders come into the Value Line Funds through intermediaries rather than by opening direct accounts.

Salary and employee benefits

Year Ended April 30, 
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
Percentage Change
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
08 vs 07
 
07 vs 06
 
Salaries and employee benefits
 
$
18,594
 
$
18,409
 
$
19,025
   
1.0
%
 
-3.2
%
 
Over the past several years, the Company has increased productivity by combining the roles and responsibilities and by selective outsourcing. Some duplication of effort has been eliminated and certain tasks, such as some data entry, have been outsourced to third party vendors that the Company believes can provide better controls and results at a favorable cost. As of April 30, 2008 the Company employed 204 employees as compared to 206 employees at year-end April 30, 2007, and 228 at year-end April 30, 2006.
 
19


Production and distribution

Year Ended April 30, 
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
Percentage Change
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
08 vs 07
 
07 vs 06
 
Production and distribution
 
$
6,251
 
$
6,981
 
$
7,073
   
-10.5
%
 
-1.3
%
 
Production and distribution expenses for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008 were $730,000 below expenses for the twelve months ended April 30, 2007 and production and distribution expenses for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2007 were $92,000 below expenses for fiscal year ended 2006. Amortized software costs decreased $403,000 below last fiscal year due to a decrease in expenditures for capitalized projects. In addition, the decline in expenses was due to volume reductions in paper, printing and mailing that resulted primarily from a decrease in circulation of the print products. Partially offsetting the savings during fiscal 2008 was an approximate 8% increase in the cost of paper mid fiscal year and an increase in postage rates. The Company anticipates paper prices will increase over the upcoming fiscal year as raw material prices increase.
 
Office and administration

Year Ended April 30,
 
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
Percentage Change
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
08 vs 07
 
07 vs 06
 
Office and administration
 
$
9,520
 
$
7,981
 
$
10,237
   
19.3
%
 
-22.0
%
 
Office and administration expenses for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008 were $1,539,000 above expenses for the twelve months ended April 30, 2007. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2007 office and administration expenses were $2,256,000 below expenses for fiscal 2006. During the last fiscal quarter of fiscal 2007, the Company amended its lease in midtown New York extending the lease expiration date to May 2013 on negotiated terms in place of the Company’s renewal option at market rate, which resulted in significantly higher rent as a result of market conditions compared to the original square footage terms negotiated in 1993. In addition, under the terms of its original lease, the Company received a rent concession in the amount of $767,950 credited equally to the rent obligation during the six months beginning December 2007. This concession had no earnings impact since prepaid rent was amortized in the period but did positively impact the Company’s cash flow. During fiscal year 2008 professional fees significantly increased as compared to fiscal year 2007 primarily as a result of the ongoing SEC investigation. Professional fees fluctuate year to year based on the level of operations, litigation or regulatory activity requiring the use of outside professionals.
 
Income from securities transactions, net
 
For the year ended April 30, 2008 the Company’s income from securities transactions, net, of $6,294,000 is $1,427,000 higher than income from securities transactions, net, of $4,867,000 for the year ended April 30, 2007. Income from securities transactions, net, includes dividend and interest income of $3,419,000 at April 30, 2008 that is $569,000 or 20% higher than income of $2,850,000 for the twelve months ended April 30, 2007 due to a 41% increase in the net assets invested in fixed income securities. Capital gains, net of capital losses during the fiscal 2008 are $2,874,000, of which $2,793,000 represents distributions from the Value Line Funds. This compares to capital gains of $2,052,000, net of capital losses in fiscal 2007, of which $2,065,000 represented distributions from the Value Line Funds.

For the year ended April 30, 2007, the Company’s income from securities transactions, net, is $998,000 higher than the year ended April 30, 2006. Income from securities transactions, net, includes dividend and interest income that is $1,005,000 higher than the previous year due to an increase in interest rates. Capital gains, net of capital losses, for the year ended April 30, 2007 is $2,052,000 of which $2,065,000 represents distributions from the Value Line Funds. This compares to capital gains, net of capital losses, of $2,079,000 during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2006, of which $2,355,000 represents distributions from the Value Line Funds.
 
20


Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company had working capital of $88,057,000 as of April 30, 2008 and $75,174,000 as of April 30, 2007. Cash and short-term securities totaled $125,855,000 as of April 30, 2008 and $97,427,000 as of April 30, 2007.

Cash from operating activities
 
The Company’s cash flow from operations of $20,356,000 for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008 was 19% below cash flow from operations of $25,181,000 for the twelve months ended April 30, 2007. The primary change was the timing of purchases and maturity of fixed income government debt securities within the company’s trading portfolio, and the decrease in accounts receivable. In addition, beginning December 2007, the Company received a rent concession in the amount of $767,950 credited equally to the rent obligation over 6 months. The concession amounted to $640,000 during fiscal 2008.

Cash from investing activities

The Company’s cash outflow from investing activities of $20,027,000 for the twelve months ended April 30, 2008 was 124% above cash outflow from investing activities of $8,927,000 for the twelve months ended April 30, 2007 due to the maturity of fixed income securities during the prior fiscal year and the redeployment of cash holdings to equity securities and fixed income during fiscal 2008.

Cash from financing activities

The Company’s net cash outflow from financing activities of $11,979,000 for the year ended April 30, 2008 increased 9% as compared to the prior fiscal year due to the payment of a higher quarterly dividend per common share of $0.30 in fiscal 2008 as compared to $0.25 paid during the first and the second quarters and $0.30 during the last two quarters of fiscal 2007.
 
Management believes that the Company’s cash and other liquid asset resources used in its business together with the future cash flows from operations will be sufficient to finance current and forecasted operations. Management does not anticipate any borrowing in fiscal 2009. 

Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies

The Company prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent and the Company evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The Company believes the following critical accounting policies reflect the significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its Consolidated Financial Statements:

 
·
Revenue recognition
 
·
Income taxes

Revenue Recognition
 
The majority of the Company’s revenues come from the sale of print and electronic subscriptions, investment management and service and distribution fees, and licensing proprietary information. The Company recognizes
 
21

 
subscription revenue in equal amounts over the term of the subscription, which generally ranges from three months to one year or longer, varying based on the product or service. Investment management fees and service and distribution fee revenues for the Value Line Funds are recognized each month based upon the daily net asset value of each fund. Licensing fees are calculated monthly based on market fluctuation and billed quarterly. The Company believes that the estimates related to revenue recognition are critical accounting estimates, and to the extent that there are material differences between its determination of revenues and actual results, its financial condition or results of operations may be affected.

Income Taxes
 
The Company’s effective annual income tax expense rate is based on the U.S. federal and state and local jurisdiction tax rates on income and losses that are part of its Consolidated Financial Statements. Tax-planning opportunities and the blend of business income and income from securities transactions will impact the effective tax rate in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Significant judgment is required in evaluating the Company’s tax positions.
 
Tax law requires items to be included in the tax return at different times from when these items are reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. As a result, the effective tax rate reflected in its Consolidated Financial Statements is different from the tax rate reported on the Company’s tax return (the Company’s cash tax rate). Some of these differences are permanent, such as non-taxable income that is not includable in the Company’s tax return and expenses that are not deductible in the Company’s tax return, and some differences reverse over time, such as depreciation and amortization expenses. These timing differences create deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the financial reporting and the tax basis of assets and liabilities.
 
As of April 30, 2008, the Company had $7.8 million of deferred tax liabilities and $155,000 of short-term deferred tax assets. In assessing the Company’s deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible.
 
In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers both positive and negative evidence, including tax-planning strategies, projected future taxable income, and recent financial performance. If after future assessments of the realizability of the deferred tax assets the Company determines a lesser allowance is required, the Company would record a reduction to the income tax expense and to the valuation allowance in the period this determination was made. This would cause the Company’s income tax expense, effective tax rate, and net income to fluctuate.
 
In addition, the Company establishes reserves at the time that it determines that it is more likely than not that it will need to pay additional taxes related to certain matters. The Company adjusts these reserves, including any impact of the related interest and penalties, in light of changing facts and circumstances such as the progress of a tax audit. A number of years may elapse before a particular matter for which the Company has established a reserve is audited and finally resolved. The number of years with open tax audits varies depending on the tax jurisdiction. Such liabilities are recorded as income taxes payable in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Settlement of any particular issue would usually require the use of cash. Favorable resolutions of tax matters for which the Company has previously established reserves are recognized as a reduction to the Company’s income tax expense when the amounts involved become known.
 
Assessing the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns requires judgment. Variations in the actual outcome of these future tax consequences could materially impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
 
22


Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements.
 
Contractual Obligations

Below is a summary of certain contractual obligations (in thousands):
 
Contractual
Obligations
 
Total
 
Less Than
1 Year
 
1-3 years
 
3-5 years
 
More Than
5 Years
 
Operating Lease Obligations
 
$
14,858
 
$
2,820
 
$
5,896
 
$
5,896
 
$
246
 
Purchase Obligations
    -     -     -     -     -  
Other Long-term Obligations reflected on Balance Sheet
 
$
32,530
 
$
26,610
 
$
5,920
               
TOTAL
 
$
47,388
 
$
29,430
 
$
11,816
 
$
5,896
 
$
246
 

Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Market Risk Disclosures
 
The Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet includes a substantial amount of assets whose fair values are subject to market risks. The Company’s significant market risks are primarily associated with interest rates and equity prices. The following sections address the significant market risks associated with the Company’s business activities.

Interest Rate Risk

The Company’s strategy has been to acquire debt securities with low credit risk. Despite this strategy management recognizes and accepts the possibility that losses may occur. To limit the price fluctuation in these securities from interest rate changes, the Company’s management invests primarily in short-term obligations maturing in 1 to 5 years.

The fair values of the Company’s fixed maturity investments will fluctuate in response to changes in market interest rates. Increases and decreases in prevailing interest rates generally translate into decreases and increases in fair values of those instruments. Additionally, fair values of interest rate sensitive instruments may be affected by prepayment options, relative values of alternative investments, and other general market conditions.

23


The following table summarizes the estimated effects of hypothetical increases and decreases in interest rates on assets that are subject to interest rate risk. It is assumed that the changes occur immediately and uniformly to each category of instrument containing interest rate risks. The hypothetical changes in market interest rates do not reflect what could be deemed best or worst case scenarios. Variations in market interest rates could produce significant changes in the timing of repayments due to prepayment options available. For these reasons, actual results might differ from those reflected in the table. Dollars are in thousands.

   
Estimated Fair Value after
 
   
Hypothetical Change in Interest Rates
 
       
   
(bp = basis points)
 
                       
   
 
 
6 mo.
 
6 mo.
 
1 yr.
 
1 yr. 
 
   
Fair
 
50bp
 
50bp
 
100bp
 
100bp
 
Fixed Income Securities
 
Value
 
increase
 
decrease
 
increase
 
decrease
 
 
                     
As of April 30, 2008
                               
Investments in securities with fixed maturities
 
$
65,030
 
$
63,947
 
$
64,753
 
$
63,146
 
$
64,250
 
                                 
As of April 30, 2007
                               
Investments in securities with fixed maturities
 
$
42,952
 
$
42,357
 
$
43,074
 
$
41,900
 
$
43,054
 

Management regularly monitors the maturity structure of the Company’s investments in debt securities in order to maintain an acceptable price risk associated with changes in interest rates.

Equity Price Risk

The carrying values of investments subject to equity price risks are based on quoted market prices or management’s estimates of fair value as of the balance sheet dates. Market prices are subject to fluctuation and, consequently, the amount realized in the subsequent sale of an investment may significantly differ from the reported market value. Fluctuation in the market price of a security may result from perceived changes in the underlying economic characteristics of the issuer, the relative price of alternative investments and general market conditions. Furthermore, amounts realized in the sale of a particular security may be affected by the relative quantity of the security being sold.

Value Line invests a significant level of its assets in equity securities, primarily the Value Line Funds. Each mutual fund invests in a variety of positions that may include equity and non-equity positions.

The table below summarizes Value Line’s equity price risks as of April 30, 2008 and 2007 and shows the effects of a hypothetical 30% increase and a 30% decrease in market prices as of those dates. The selected hypothetical changes do not reflect what could be considered the best or worst case scenarios.
 
           
Estimated
     
           
Fair Value after
 
Hypothetical Percentage
 
Equity Securities
     
Hypothetical
 
Hypothetical
 
Increase (Decrease) in
 
(in thousands)
 
Fair Value
 
Price Change
 
Change in Prices
 
Shareholders’ Equity
 
As of April 30, 2008
 
$
51,870
   
30% increase
 
$
67,431
   
11.48
%
 
         
30% decrease
 
$
36,309
   
(11.48
)%
                           
As of April 30, 2007
 
$
49,719
   
30% increase
 
$
64,635
   
12.83
%
 
         
30% decrease
 
$
34,803
   
(12.83
)%
 
24


Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

The following consolidated financial statements of the registrant and its subsidiaries are included as a part of this Form 10K:

 
Page Number
   
Report of independent auditors
35
Consolidated balance sheets—April 30, 2008 and 2007
36
Consolidated statements of income
 -years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006
37
Consolidated statements of cash flows
-years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006
38
Consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ equity
-years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006
39
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
40

Quarterly Results (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

       
Income
     
Earnings
 
   
Total
 
From
 
Net
 
Per
 
   
Revenues
 
Operations
 
Income
 
Share
 
                   
2008, by Quarter
                         
First
 
$
20,801
 
$
8,965
 
$
5,943
 
$
0.60
 
Second
   
21,110
   
9,416
   
6,359
   
0.63
 
Third
   
21,080
   
9,337
   
8,471
   
0.85
 
Fourth
   
19,687
   
6,732
   
4,777
   
0.48
 
Total
 
$
82,678
 
$
34,450
 
$
25,550
 
$
2.56
 
                           
2007, by Quarter
                         
First
 
$
21,391
 
$
9,869
 
$
6,271
 
$
0.63
 
Second
   
20,745
   
9,061
   
5,909
   
0.59
 
Third
   
21,061
   
8,859
   
7,192
   
0.72
 
Fourth
   
20,438
   
7,847
   
5,235
   
0.53
 
Total
 
$
83,635
 
$
35,636
 
$
24,607
 
$
2.47
 
                           
2006, by Quarter
                         
First
 
$
20,874
 
$
9,163
 
$
5,648
 
$
0.57
 
Second
   
21,002
   
8,470
   
5,385
   
0.54
 
Third
   
21,582
   
8,037
   
6,694
   
0.67
 
Fourth
   
21,728
   
9,510
   
5,712
   
0.57
 
Total
 
$
85,186
 
$
35,180
 
$
23,439
 
$
2.35
 
 
25


Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.

There have been no disagreements with the independent accountants on accounting and financial disclosure matters.

Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

 
(a)
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

The Company's Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Legal Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's "disclosure controls and procedures" (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e)) as of April 30, 2008, as required by paragraph (b) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Legal Officer are engaged in a comprehensive effort to review, evaluate and improve the Company's controls; however, management does not expect that the Company's disclosure controls or its internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all possible errors and fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives would be met.
 
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Legal Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
The Company’s management has evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
 
Changes in Internal Controls

In the course of the evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer considered certain internal control areas in which the Company has made and is continuing to make changes to improve and enhance controls. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company concluded that there were no changes in the Company's internal controls over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 that occurred during the fourth quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal controls over financial reporting.
 
 
(b)
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
 
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, and effected by the board of directors, management, and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with US GAAP including those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with US GAAP and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company, and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
26

 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies and procedures may deteriorate.
 
Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company has assessed the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2008. In making this assessment, management used the criteria described in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Due to the inherent issue of segregation of duties in a small company, management has relied heavily on entity or management review controls to lessen the issue of segregation of duties. Based on this assessment and those criteria, management concluded that the Company did maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2008.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION.

There were no matters required to be disclosed by the Company in a report on Form 8-K during the Company's fourth fiscal quarter of the year ended April 30, 2008 that were not reported.
 
 
 
27


Part III

Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.

(a) Names of Directors, Age as of June 30, 2008 and Principal Occupation
 
Director Since
     
Jean Bernhard Buttner* (73). Chairman of the Board, President, and
 
1982
Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Arnold Bernhard & Co., Inc.
   
Chairman of the Board and President of each of the Value Line Funds until
   
June 2008.
   
     
Herbert Pardes, MD (74). President and CEO of New York- Presbyterian
 
2000
Hospital.
   
     
Dr. Edgar A. Buttner (45). Instructor and Researcher, McLean Hospital, since 2002;
 
2003
Postdoctoral Fellow, Research Associate, Harvard University 2003 - 2007;
   
Postdoctoral Fellow, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997 - 2001; MD and
   
PhD, Columbia University; Director of Arnold Bernhard & Co., Inc. Dr. Buttner is
   
the son of Jean Bernhard Buttner.
   
     
Edward J. Shanahan (64). President and Headmaster, Choate Rosemary Hall
 
2004
(boarding school); Director and Chairman, Foundation for Greater Opportunity
   
(independent educational foundation).
   
     
Marion N. Ruth (73). President, Ruth Realty.
 
2005
     
Janet Eakman (48). Private Investor; MBA, Harvard University Graduate School of Business Administration; BA, Princeton University. Mrs. Eakman is a daughter of Jean Bernhard Buttner.
 
2007
     
Howard A. Brecher* (54). Chief Legal Officer, Vice President and Secretary
 
1992
of the Company; Director, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and
   
General Counsel of Arnold Bernhard & Co., Inc.; Vice President and Secretary
   
of the Value Line Funds since June 2008.
   
     
David T. Henigson* (50). Vice President of the Company; Director and
 
1992
Vice President of Arnold Bernhard & Co., Inc.; Chief Compliance Officer,
   
Vice President and Secretary of each of the Value Line Funds and Chief Compliance
   
Officer of the Company until June 2008.
   

* Member of the Executive Committee

Except as noted, the directors have held their respective positions for at least five years.

(b)
The information pertaining to Executive Officers is set forth in Part I under the caption
"Executive Officers of the Registrant."

28


Audit Committee

The Company has a standing Audit Committee performing the functions described in Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the members of which are: Dr. Herbert Pardes, Edward J. Shanahan and Marion N. Ruth.

Audit Committee Financial Expert

The Board of Directors has determined that no member of the Audit Committee is an “audit committee financial expert” (as defined in the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission). The Board of Directors believes that the experience and financial sophistication of the members of the Audit Committee are sufficient to permit the members of the Audit Committee to fulfill the duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee. All members of the Audit Committee meet the Nasdaq Stock Market’s audit committee financial sophistication requirements.

Code of Ethics

The Company has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Code of Ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, all other officers, and all other employees. The Code of Business Conduct and Code of Ethics was amended as of July 19, 2007, and is available on the Company’s Internet site.

Procedures for Shareholders to Nominate Directors

There have been no material changes to the procedures by which shareholders of the Company may recommend nominees to the Company's Board of Directors implemented after the disclosure of those procedures contained in the proxy statement for the Company's 2007 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act requires the Company's executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than ten percent of a registered class of the Company’s equity securities, to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership on Forms 3, 4 and 5 with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Executive officers, directors and greater than ten percent shareowners are required by Securities and Exchange Commission regulations to furnish the Company with copies of all Forms 3, 4 and 5 they file.

Based on the Company's review of the copies of such forms that it has received and written representations from certain reporting persons confirming that they were not required to file Forms 5 for specified fiscal years, the Company believes that all its executive officers, directors and greater than ten percent beneficial owners complied with applicable SEC filing requirements during fiscal 2008.

Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

The information required in response to this Item is incorporated by reference from the section entitled “Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers” in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

29


Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.

The following table sets forth information as of June 30, 2008 as to shares of the Company's Common Stock held by persons known to the Company to be the beneficial owners of more than 5% of the Company's Common Stock.

Name and Address
 
Number of Shares
 
Percentage of Shares
 
of Beneficial Owner
 
Beneficially Owned
 
Beneficially Owned1 
 
           
Arnold Bernhard & Co., Inc.1
   
8,633,733
   
86.5
%
220 East 42nd Street
             
New York, NY 10017
             
 
The following table sets forth information as of June 30, 2008, with respect to shares of the Company's Common Stock owned by each director of the Company, by each executive officer listed in the Summary Compensation Table and by all executive officers and directors as a group.

Name and Address
 
Number of Shares
 
Percentage of Shares
 
of Beneficial Owner
 
Beneficially Owned
 
Beneficially Owned
 
               
Jean Bernhard Buttner
   
100
1,2  
*
1,2
Mitchell E. Appel
   
200
   
*
 
Howard A. Brecher
   
200
   
*
 
David T. Henigson
   
150
   
*
 
Stephen R. Anastasio
   
100
   
*
 
Edgar A. Buttner
   
100
   
*
 
Janet Eakman
   
100
   
*
 
Dr. Herbert Pardes
   
100
   
*
 
Marion N. Ruth
   
200
   
*
 
Edward J. Shanahan
   
100
   
*
 
               
All directors and executive officers as a group (10 persons)
   
1,350
1,2  
*
1,2

*Less than one percent

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, there were no securities of the Company authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans.
 
 

1 Jean Bernhard Buttner, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, owns all of the outstanding voting stock of Arnold Bernhard & Co., Inc. Substantially all of the non-voting stock of Arnold Bernhard & Co., Inc. is held by members of the Buttner family.
2 Excludes 8,633,733 shares (86.5% of the outstanding shares) owned by Arnold Bernhard & Co., Inc.

30


Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.

AB&Co., which owns 86.5% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Stock, utilizes the services of officers and employees of the Company to the extent necessary to conduct its business. The Company and AB&Co. allocate costs for office space, equipment and supplies and shared staff pursuant to a servicing and reimbursement agreement. During the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company was reimbursed $1,327,000, $1,100,000 and $918,000 respectively, for payments it made on behalf of and services it provided to AB&Co. At April 30, 2008, accounts payable to affiliates included a payable to AB&Co. of $130,000. At April 30, 2007, accounts receivable from affiliates included a receivable from AB&Co. of $243,000. In addition, a tax-sharing arrangement allocates the tax liabilities of the two companies between them. The Company pays to AB&Co. an amount equal to the Company's liability as if it filed separate tax returns. For the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company made payments to AB&Co. for federal income tax amounting to $12,460,000, $13,450,000 and $11,895,000, respectively. At April 30, 2007 prepaid and refundable income taxes in the Consolidated Balance Sheet included federal tax due from AB&Co. in the amount of $415,000. At April 30, 2006 accrued taxes payable included a federal tax liability owed to AB&Co. in the amount of $449,000.

The Company acts as investment adviser and manager for fourteen open-end investment companies, the Value Line Funds. The Company earns investment management fees based upon the average daily net asset values of the respective funds. VLS receives service and distribution fees under rule 12b-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 from certain Value Line Funds for which Value Line, Inc. is the adviser. For certain periods prior to December 2004, VLS earned brokerage commission income on securities transactions executed by VLS on behalf of the funds that were cleared on a fully disclosed basis through non-affiliated brokers, who received a portion of the gross commission. For the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, investment management fees, service and distribution fees and brokerage commission income amounted to $31,644,000, $30,026,000 and $31,378,000, respectively, after fee waivers. These amounts include service and distribution fees of $7,113,000, $7,299,000 and $9,915,000, respectively. The related receivables from the funds for management advisory fees and service and distribution fees included in Receivable from affiliates were $2,557,000, and $2,534,000 at April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Director Independence

The information required with respect to director independence and related matters is incorporated by reference from the section entitled “Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers” in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.

Audit and Non-Audit Fees

The following table illustrates for the fiscal years ended April 30, fees paid to the Company’s independent auditor, Horowitz & Ullmann, for services provided:

 
 
2008
 
2007
 
Audit fees
 
$
150,255
 
$
146,450
 
Audit-related fees
 
$
12,775
 
$
16,810
 
Tax fees
 
$
93,047
 
$
146,105
 
All other fees
 
$
0
 
$
0
 

Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

The Audit Committee of the Company's Board of Directors approves all services provided by Horowitz & Ullmann, prior to the provision of those services and has not adopted any specific pre-approval policies and procedures.
 
31


Part IV

Item 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

(a) 1. Financial Statements See Part II Item 8.
 
All other Schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

(b) Exhibits
3.1
 
Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended through April 17, 1983, are incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement - Form S-1 of Value Line, Inc. Part II, Item 16.(a) 3.1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 1983.
3.2
 
Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation dated October 24, 1989 is incorporated
by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 1990.
10.8
 
Form of tax allocation arrangement between the Company and AB&Co. incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement - Form S-1 of Value Line, Inc. Part II, Item 16.(a) 10.8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 1983.
10.9
 
Form of Servicing and Reimbursement Agreement between the Company and AB&Co., dated as of November 1, 1982 incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement - Form S-1 of Value Line, Inc. Part II, Item 16.(a) 10.9 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 1983.
10.10
 
Value Line, Inc. Profit Sharing and Savings Plan as amended and restated effective May 1, 1989, including amendments through April 30, 1995, incorporated by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 1996.
10.13
 
Lease for the Company's premises at 220 East 42nd Street, New York, N.Y. incorporated by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 1994.
10.14
 
Lease amendments dated September 14, 2000, January 19, 2006, and April 23, 2007 for the Company’s premises located at 220 East 42nd Street, New York, N.Y.
14
 
Code of Business Conduct and Code of Ethics incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14 to the Form 8-K filed on December 1, 2004 and as amended July 19, 2007
21
 
Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
31
 
Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) Certifications.
32
 
Section 1350 Certifications.
 
 

 
32

 
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2008, to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, there unto duly authorized.

   
VALUE LINE, INC.
 
   
(Registrant)
 
       
 
By:
s/ Jean Bernhard Buttner
 
   
Jean Bernhard Buttner
 
   
Chairman & Chief Executive Officer
 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 
By:
s/ Jean Bernhard Buttner
 
   
Jean Bernhard Buttner
 
   
Chairman & Chief Executive Officer
 
       
 
By:
s/ Mitchell E. Appel
 
   
Mitchell E. Appel
 
   
Chief Financial Officer
 

Dated: July 17, 2008

33

 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the undersigned on behalf of the Registrant as Directors of the Registrant.

s/ Jean Bernhard Buttner
 
s/ Howard A. Brecher
Jean Bernhard Buttner
 
Howard A. Brecher
     
s/ Edgar A. Buttner
 
s/ Marion N. Ruth
Edgar A. Buttner
 
Marion N. Ruth
     
     
s/ Edward J. Shanahan
 
s/ David T. Henigson
Edward J. Shanahan
 
David T. Henigson
     
s/ Janet Eakman
 
s/ Herbert Pardes
Janet Eakman
 
Dr. Herbert Pardes
 
Dated: July 17, 2008

34



 
H O R O W I T Z  &  U L L M A N N,  P. C.
C e r t i f i e d  P u b l i c  A c c o u n t a n t s

Report of Independent Accountants


To the Board of Directors
and Shareholders of
Value Line, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Value Line, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of April 30, 2008 and 2007 and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2008. Value Line’s management is responsible for these financial statements. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Value Line, Inc. and Subsidiaries at April 30, 2008 and 2007, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended April 30, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.


 


 
New York, NY
July 17, 2008
 
 
35

 
Part II
Item 8.
Value Line, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share amounts)

   
April 30,
 
April 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
Assets
             
Current Assets:
             
Cash and cash equivalents (including short term investments of $8,159 and $20,165, respectively)
 
$
8,955
 
$
20,605
 
Trading securities
   
19,857
   
15,849
 
Securities available for sale
   
97,043
   
76,822
 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $107 and $88, respectively
   
2,733
   
3,929
 
Receivable from affiliates
   
2,445
   
2,794
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
1,048
   
1,588
 
Prepaid and refundable income taxes
   
0
   
510
 
Deferred income taxes
   
155
   
139
 
Total current assets
   
132,236
   
122,236
 
               
Long term assets:
             
Property and equipment, net
   
4,709
   
4,923
 
Capitalized software and other intangible assets, net
   
1,008
   
1,804
 
               
Total long term assets
   
5,717
   
6,727
 
               
Total assets
 
$
137,953
 
$
128,963
 
               
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
             
Current Liabilities:
             
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
 
$
5,135
 
$
5,316
 
Accrued salaries
   
1,471
   
1,545
 
Dividends payable
   
2,995
   
2,995
 
Accrued taxes payable
   
129
   
0
 
Unearned revenue
   
26,610
   
28,552
 
Deferred income taxes
   
7,839
   
8,654
 
Total current liabilities
   
44,179
   
47,062
 
               
Long term liabilities:
             
Unearned revenue
   
5,920
   
5,948
 
Deferred charges
 
 
0
 
 
381
 
Total long term liabilities
   
5,920
   
6,329
 
               
Shareholders' Equity:
             
Common stock, $.10 par value; authorized 30,000,000 shares; issued 10,000,000 shares
   
1,000
   
1,000
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
991
   
991
 
Retained earnings
   
70,954
   
57,383
 
Treasury stock, at cost (18,400 shares on 4/30/08 and 4/30/07)
   
(354
)
 
(354
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax
   
15,263
   
16,552
 
Total shareholders' equity
   
87,854
   
75,572
 
               
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
 
$
137,953
 
$
128,963
 

See independent auditor's report and accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

36

 
Part II
Item 8.

Value Line, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

   
Years ended April 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
Revenues:
                   
Investment periodicals and related publications
 
$
42,791
 
$
45,619
 
$
47,703
 
Licensing fees
   
7,066
   
6,861
   
5,016
 
Investment management fees & services
   
32,821
   
31,155
   
32,467
 
                     
Total revenues
   
82,678
   
83,635
   
85,186
 
                     
Expenses:
                   
Advertising and promotion
   
13,863
   
14,628
   
13,671
 
Salaries and employee benefits
   
18,594
   
18,409
   
19,025
 
Production and distribution
   
6,251
   
6,981
   
7,073
 
Office and administration
   
9,520
   
7,981
   
10,237
 
                     
Total expenses
   
48,228
   
47,999
   
50,006
 
                     
Income from operations
   
34,450
   
35,636
   
35,180
 
Income from securities transactions, net
   
6,294
   
4,867
   
3,869
 
                     
Income before income taxes
   
40,744
   
40,503
   
39,049
 
Provision for income taxes
   
15,194
   
15,896
   
15,610
 
                     
Net income
 
$
25,550
 
$
24,607
 
$
23,439
 
                     
Earnings per share, basic & fully diluted
 
$
2.56
 
$
2.47
 
$
2.35
 
                     
Weighted average number of common shares
   
9,981,600
   
9,981,600
   
9,981,600
 

See independent auditor's report and accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
 
37

 
Part II
Item 8.
Value Line, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

   
Years ended April 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                   
Net income
 
$
25,550
 
$
24,607
 
$
23,439
 
                     
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
                   
Depreciation and amortization
   
1,619
   
2,063
   
2,275
 
Realized gains on sales of securities
   
(2,792
)
 
(2,164
)
 
(2,430
)
Unrealized (gains)/losses on sales of securities
   
(82
)
 
112
   
217
 
Loss on disposal of fixed assets
   
   
   
139
 
Deferred income taxes
   
(151
)
 
(138
)
 
(204
)
                     
Changes in assets and liabilities:
                   
Proceeds from sales of trading securities
   
   
15,000
   
 
Purchases of trading securities
   
(3,926
)
 
(8,471
)
 
(4,364
)
(Decrease) in unearned revenue
   
(1,970
)
 
(3,226
)
 
(2,366
)
(Decrease)/increase in deferred charges
   
160
   
(64
)
 
(84
)
(Decrease)/increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses
   
(722
)
 
(806
)
 
1,939
 
Increase/(decrease) in accrued salaries
   
(74
)
 
50
   
248
 
Increase/(decrease) in accrued taxes payable
   
129
   
(532
)
 
560
 
(Increase)/decrease in prepaid expenses and other
                   
current assets
   
560
   
(481
)
 
(149
)
Decrease in prepaid and refundable income taxes
   
510
   
   
 
Decrease/(increase) in accounts receivable
   
1,196
   
(892
)
 
59
 
(Increase)/decrease in receivable from affiliates
   
349
   
123
   
(360
)
                     
Total adjustments
   
(5,194
)
 
574
   
(4,520
)
                     
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
20,356
   
25,181
   
18,919
 
                     
Cash flows from investing activities:
                   
Proceeds from sales of equity securities
   
2,793
   
2,065
   
2,430
 
Purchase of equity securities
   
(4,231
)
 
(2,280
)
 
(2,467
)
Proceeds from sales of fixed income securities
   
9,622
   
10,825
   
9,650
 
Purchases of fixed income securities
   
(27,602
)
 
(18,742
)
 
(8,249
)
Acquisition of property and equipment
   
(265
)
 
(52
)
 
(218
)
Expenditures for capitalized software
   
(344
)
 
(743
)
 
(724
)
                     
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities
   
(20,027
)
 
(8,927
)
 
422
 
                     
Cash flows from financing activities:
                   
Dividends paid
   
(11,979
)
 
(10,980
)
 
(9,981
)
                     
Net cash used in financing activities
   
(11,979
)
 
(10,980
)
 
(9,981
)
                     
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
   
(11,650
)
 
5,274
   
9,360
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
   
20,605
   
15,331
   
5,971
 
                     
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
 
$
8,955
 
$
20,605
 
$
15,331
 

See independent auditor's report and accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
 
38

 
Part II
Item 8.

VALUE LINE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
FOR THREE YEARS ENDED APRIL 30, 2008, 2007 & 2006
(in thousands, except share amounts)


     
Common stock
                     
Accumulated
     
   
Number
 
Par
 
Additional
             
Other
     
   
of
 
Value
 
paid-in
 
Treasury
 
Comprehensive
 
Retained
 
Comprehensive
     
   
shares
 
Amount
 
capital
 
Stock
 
income
 
earnings
 
income
 
Total
 
                                   
Balance at April 30, 2005
   
9,981,600
 
$
1,000
 
$
991
 
$
(354
)
     
$
30,798
 
$
11,708
 
$
44,143
 
                                                   
Comprehensive income
                                                 
Net income
                         
$
23,439
   
23,439
         
23,439
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                                 
 
                                                 
Change in unrealized gains on securities, net of taxes
                           
4,334
         
4,334
   
4,334
 
                                                   
Comprehensive income
                         
$
27,773
                   
                                                   
Dividends declared
                                 
(9,981
)
       
(9,981
)
                                                   
Balance at April 30, 2006
   
9,981,600
 
$
1,000
 
$
991
 
$
(354
)
     
$
44,256
 
$
16,042
 
$
61,935
 
                                                   
Comprehensive income
                                                 
Net income
                         
$
24,607
   
24,607
         
24,607
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                                 
Change in unrealized gains on securities, net of taxes
                           
510
         
510
   
510
 
                                                   
Comprehensive income
                         
$
25,117
                   
                                                   
Dividends declared
                                 
(11,480
)
       
(11,480
)
                                                          
Balance at April 30, 2007
   
9,981,600
 
$
1,000
 
$
991
 
$
(354
)
     
$
57,383
 
$
16,552
 
$
75,572
 
                                                   
Comprehensive income
                                                 
Net income
                         
$
25,550
   
25,550
         
25,550
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                                 
Change in unrealized gains on securities, net of taxes
                           
(1,289
)
       
(1,289
)
 
(1,289
)
                                                   
Comprehensive income
                         
$
24,261
                   
                                                   
Dividends declared
                                 
(11,979
)
       
(11,979
)
                                                          
Balance at April 30, 2008
   
9,981,600
 
$
1,000
 
$
991
 
$
(354
)
     
$
70,954
 
$
15,263
 
$
87,854
 
 
See independent auditor's report and accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

39

 
 
Value Line, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1-Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:

Value Line, Inc. (the "Company") is incorporated in the State of New York. The Company's primary businesses are producing investment related periodical publications and data, licensing certain Value Line trademarks and Value Line proprietary ranking system information to third parties under written agreements for use in third party managed and marketed investment products, providing investment management services to the Value Line Funds, institutions and individual accounts and providing distribution, marketing, and administrative services to the Value Line Funds. The name "Value Line" as used to describe the Company, its products, and its subsidiaries, is a registered trademark of the Company.
Principles of consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Revenue Recognition:
Depending upon the product, subscriptions fulfillment is available in print, via internet access, and CD-ROM. The length of a subscription varies by product and offer received by the subscriber. Generally, subscriptions are available as trial subscriptions, annual subscriptions and/or multi-year subscriptions. Subscription revenues are recognized on a straight line basis over the life of the subscription. Accordingly, the amount of subscription fees to be earned by fulfilling subscriptions after the date of the balance sheet is shown as unearned revenue within current and long-term liabilities. Changes in unearned revenue generally indicate the trend for subscription revenues over the following year as the current portion of deferred revenue is expected to be recognized as revenue within 12 months.
Licensing revenues are derived from licensing certain Value Line trademarks and Value Line proprietary ranking system information to third parties under written agreements for use in selecting securities for third party marketed products, including unit investment trusts, closed-end fund products and exchange traded funds. Value Line earns an asset based licensing fee as specified in the individual licensing agreements. Revenue is recognized monthly over the term of the agreement and will fluctuate as the market value of the underlying portfolio increases or decreases in value.
Investment management fees consist of management fees from the Value Line Mutual Funds ("Value Line Funds"), and from asset management clients. Investment management fees for the mutual funds are earned on a monthly basis as services are performed and the fee is calculated based on average daily net assets of the mutual funds in accordance with each fund's advisory agreement. Investment management fees for the asset management accounts are earned on a monthly basis as services are performed and the fee is calculated on assets in accordance with each of the management agreements (see note 3).
Service and distribution fees are received from the Value Line Funds in accordance with service and distribution plans under rule 12b-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940. The plans are compensation plans, which means that the distributor’s fees under the plans are payable without regard to actual expenses incurred by the distributor, which means the distributor may earn a profit under the plan. Expenses incurred by Value Line Securities, Inc. ("VLS") include payments to securities dealers, banks, financial institutions and other organizations (including an allocation of VLI expenses), that provide distribution, marketing, and administrative services with respect to the distribution of the mutual funds’ shares. Service and distribution fees are received on a monthly basis and calculated on the average daily net assets of the respective mutual fund in accordance with each fund prospectus (see note 3).

Valuation of Securities:
The Company's securities classified as available for sale consist of shares of the Value Line Funds and government debt securities accounted for in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities". The securities available for sale and trading securities reflected in the consolidated financial statements at fair value are valued at market with unrealized gains and losses on these securities reported, net of applicable taxes, as a separate component of Shareholders' Equity. Realized gains and losses on sales of the securities available for sale are recorded in earnings on trade date and are determined on the identified cost method.

The Company classifies its securities available for sale as current assets. It does so to properly reflect its liquidity and to recognize the fact that it has assets available for sale to fully satisfy its current liabilities should the need arise.
Market valuation of securities listed on a securities exchange is based on the closing sales prices on the last business day of each month. Valuation of open-end mutual fund shares is based upon the publicly quoted net asset value of the shares. The market value of the Company's fixed maturity government debt obligations are determined utilizing publicly quoted market prices.
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements" (SFAS No. 157). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosure about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Management is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have on the Company's financial statement disclosures.
 

40

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Advertising expenses: The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred.

Reclassification: Certain items in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Income Taxes:

The Company computes its income tax provision in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes". Deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the differences between the book values and the tax bases of particular assets and liabilities, using tax rates currently in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse.
 
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109" (the "Interpretation" or "FIN 48"). The Interpretation establishes for all entities, a minimum threshold for financial statement recognition of the benefit of positions taken in filing tax returns (including whether an entity is taxable in a particular jurisdiction), and requires certain expanded tax disclosures. The Interpretation is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, and is to be applied to all open tax years as of the date of effectiveness. As of April 30, 2008, management has reviewed the tax positions for the years still subject to tax audit under the statute of limitations, evaluated the implications of FIN 48, and determined that there is no impact to the Company's financial statements at this time.

Earnings per share: Earnings per share are based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding during each year.

Cash and Cash Equivalents: For purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the Company considers all cash held at banks and short term liquid investments with an original maturity of less than three months to be cash and cash equivalents. As of April 30, 2008 and 2007, cash equivalents included $8,159,000 and $19,868,000, respectively, invested in the Value Line Cash fund.

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Note 2-Supplementary Cash Flow Information:

Cash payments for income taxes were $15,036,000, $16,928,000, and $15,156,000 in fiscal 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively. Interest payments of $36,000 and $11,000 were made in fiscal 2007, and 2006, respectively. There were no interest payments in fiscal 2008.

Note 3-Related Party Transactions:

The Company acts as investment adviser and manager for fourteen open-end investment companies, the Value Line Funds. The Company earns investment management fees based upon the average daily net asset values of the respective Value Line Funds. Service and distribution fees are received from the Value Line Funds in accordance with service and distribution plans under rule 12b-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940. The plans are compensation plans, which means that the distributor’s fees under the plans are payable without regard to actual expenses incurred by the distributor, which means the distributor may earn a profit under the plan. Expenses incurred by VLS include payments to securities dealers, banks, financial institutions and other organizations which provide distribution, marketing, and administrative services (including payments by VLS to VLI for allocated compensation and administration expenses) with respect to the distribution of the mutual funds’ shares. Service and distribution fees are received on a monthly basis and calculated on the average daily net assets of the respective mutual fund in accordance with each fund's prospectus.
For the twelve months ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006 investment management fees and 12b-1 service and distribution fees amounted to $31,644,000, $30,026,000 and $31,378,000, respectively, which included fee waivers for certain of the Value Line Funds. These amounts included service and distribution fees of $7,113,000, $7,299,000 and $9,915,000 earned by VLS in fiscal years 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively. The related receivables from the funds for investment management fees and service and distribution fees included in Receivables from affiliates were $2,557,000, and $2,534,000 at April 30, 2008 and April 30, 2007, respectively.
For the twelve months ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006 total management fee waivers were $226,000, $250,000, and $40,000, respectively, and service and distribution fee waivers were $3,774,000, $3,127,000, and $282,000, respectively. The Company and its subsidiary, VLS, have no right to recoup the previously waived amounts of management fees and 12b-1 fees.

41

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

As of April 30, 2008, the Company had $51,870,000 invested in the Value Line equity funds and $8,159,000 in the Value Line Cash Fund. Combined, this represents approximately 1.6% of total fund assets at April 30, 2008. Purchases and redemptions routinely occur in the Value Line Cash Fund as part of business operations.
For the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company was reimbursed $1,327,000, $1,100,000 and $918,000, respectively, for payments it made on behalf of and services it provided to the Parent. At April 30, 2008, Receivables from affiliates were reduced by a Payable to the Parent in the amount of $130,000. At April 30, 2007, Receivables from affiliates included a Receivable from the Parent of $243,000.
For the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, the Company made payments to the Parent for federal income tax amounting to $12,460,000, $13,450,000 and $11,895,000, respectively. At April 30, 2008, accrued taxes payable included a federal tax liability owed to the Parent in the amount of $164,000. At April 30, 2007, prepaid and refundable income taxes in the Consolidated Balance sheet included $415,000 due from the Parent. These transactions are in accordance with the tax sharing arrangement described in Note 6.
From time to time, Arnold Bernhard & Co., Inc. (the "Parent") has purchased additional shares of the Company in the market when and as the Parent has determined it to be appropriate. As stated several times in the past, the public is reminded that the Parent may make additional purchases from time to time in the future. For the quarter ended January 31, 2008, the Parent purchased 2,701 shares in the market at an average cost of $39.88 per share. The Parent owns approximately 86.5% of the issued and outstanding common stock of the Company.

Note 4-Investments:

Securities held by the Company are classified as Trading Securities and Available-for-Sale Securities. All securities held in VLS, as a broker/dealer, are classified as trading securities. Securities held by the Company and its other subsidiaries, are classified as available-for-sale securities.
 
Trading Securities:

Trading securities held by the Company at April 30, 2008 had an aggregate cost of $20,042,000 and a market value of $19,857,000. Trading securities held by the Company at April 30, 2007 had an aggregate cost of $16,115,000 and a market value of $15,849,000. There were no sales of trading securities during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2008. The proceeds from sales of trading securities during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2007 were $15,000,000 and the related net realized trading gains amounted to $243,000. There were no realized trading gains or losses during fiscal year 2006. The net changes in unrealized gains or losses for the periods ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, of $82,000 gain, $178,000 loss, and $88,000 loss, respectively, were included in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

Securities Available for Sale
Equity Securities:

The aggregate cost of the equity securities classified as available for sale, which consist of investments in the Value Line Funds, was $28,149,000 and the market value was $51,870,000 at April 30, 2008. The aggregate cost of the equity securities classified as available for sale, which consist of investments in the Value Line Funds, was $23,917,000 and the market value was $49,719,000 at April 30, 2007. The total gains for equity securities with net gains included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on the Consolidated Balance Sheet are $23,972,000 and $25,859,000, net of deferred taxes of $8,438,000 and $9,102,000, as of April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The total losses for equity securities with net losses included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on the Consolidated Balance Sheet are $251,000, net of deferred tax benefit of $89,000, as of April 30, 2008. The total losses for equity securities with net losses included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on the Consolidated Balance Sheet are $58,000, net of deferred tax benefit of $20,000, as of April 30, 2007.
The decrease in gross unrealized gains on these securities of $2,081,000, net of deferred taxes of $732,000 and the increase in gross unrealized gains on these securities of $792,000, net of deferred taxes of $279,000, were included in Shareholders' Equity at April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Realized capital gains from the sales of securities classified as available for sale were $2,793,000, $2,065,000 and $2,430,000 of which $2,793,000, $2,065,000 and $2,355,000 of capital gains were reclassified out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into earnings during fiscal years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively. The proceeds from sales of securities including capital gain distributions reinvested in the Value Line Funds during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006 were $2,793,000, $2,065,000 and $2,430,000, respectively.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
Government Debt Securities:

Government debt securities consist of federal, state, and local government securities within the United States. The Company's investments in debt securities are classified as available for sale and valued at market value. The aggregate cost and fair value at April 30, 2008 for government debt securities classified as available for sale were as follows:

   
(In Thousands)
 
   
Historical
     
Gross Unrealized
 
Maturity
 
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Holding Losses
 
Due in less than 2 years
 
$
24,261
 
$
23,921
 
(340
)
Due in 2 years or more
   
21,079
   
21,252
   
173
 
Total investment in government debt securities
 
$
45,340
 
$
45,173
  $  
(167
)

The aggregate cost and fair value at April 30, 2007 for government debt securities classified as available for sale were as follows:
 
       
(In Thousands)
     
   
Historical
     
Gross Unrealized
 
Maturity
 
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Holding Losses
 
Due in less than 2 years
 
$
9,504
 
$
9,324
  $
(180
)
Due in 2 years or more
   
17,857
   
17,779
   
(78
)
Total investment in government debt securities
 
$
27,361
 
$
27,103
  $  
(258
)

The unrealized losses of $167,000 and $258,000 in government debt securities net of deferred income tax benefits of $59,000 and $91,000, respectively, were included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. During fiscal year 2006, the Company reclassified $18,038,000 of government debt securities from the classification of available for sale to trading securities that resulted in the recognition and reclassification of an unrealized loss of $129,000 from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income to the Consolidated Statement of Income. During fiscal year 2007, $66,000 of this loss was reclassified from unrealized to realized upon maturity of the debt obligation.
The average yield on the Government debt securities classified as available for sale at April 30, 2008 and April 30, 2007 was 2.91% and 3.54%, respectively.
Proceeds from sales of government debt securities classified as available for sale during fiscal years 2008, 2007, and 2006 were $9,620,000, $10,825,000 and $9,650,000, respectively. In fiscal 2007, the related loss on sales of $78,000 was reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in the Balance Sheet to the Consolidated Statement of Income. There were no related gains or losses on sales of government debt securities during fiscal 2006.
For the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, income from securities transactions also included $909,000, $971,000, and $483,000 of dividend income; $2,510,000, $1,879,000, and $1,361,000 of interest income. In fiscal 2007 and 2006 income from securities transactions also included $36,000 and $11,000 of related interest expense, respectively. There was no interest expense paid in fiscal 2008.

Note 5-Property and Equipment:

Property and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, or in the case of leasehold improvements, over the remaining terms of the leases. For income tax purposes, depreciation of furniture and equipment is computed using accelerated methods and buildings and leasehold improvements are depreciated over prescribed, extended tax lives.

Property and equipment consist of the following:
 
   
April 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
   
(in thousands)
 
           
Land
 
$
726
 
$
726
 
Building and leasehold improvements
   
7,283
   
7,284
 
Furniture and equipment
   
10,917
   
10,706
 
     
18,926
   
18,716
 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
   
(14,217
)
 
(13,793
)
   
$
4,709
 
$
4,923
 

43

 
Value Line, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
Note 6-Federal, State and Local Income Taxes:

The Company computes its income tax provision in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes".
 
The provision for income taxes includes the following:

   
Year ended April 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Current:
                   
Federal
 
$
12,570
 
$
12,575
 
$
12,486
 
State and local
   
2,775
   
3,459
   
3,328
 
     
15,345
   
16,034
   
15,814
 
Deferred:
                   
Federal
   
(115
)
 
(87
)
 
(148
)
State and local
   
(36
)
 
(51
)
 
(56
)
     
(151
)
 
(138
)
 
(204
)
Provision for income taxes
 
$
15,194
 
$
15,896
 
$
15,610
 

Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities. The tax effect of temporary differences giving rise to the Company’s deferred tax (liability)/assets is as follows:

   
Year ended April 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
   
(in thousands)
 
           
Unrealized gains on securities held for sale
  $
(8,291
)
$
(8,991
)
Unrealized gains/losses on trading securities
   
87
   
115
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
341
   
185
 
Deferred professional fees
   
181
   
216
 
Deferred charges
   
(36
)
 
(69
)
Other, net
   
34
   
29
 
     
($7,684
)
 
($8,515
)

Included in deferred income taxes in total current assets are deferred state and local income taxes of $155,000 and $139,000 at April 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. statutory income tax rate to pretax income as a result of the following:

   
Year ended April 30,
 
   
2008
 
2007
 
2006
 
       
(in thousands)
     
               
Tax expense at the U.S. statutory rate
 
$
14,260
 
$
14,176
 
$
13,667
 
Increase (decrease) in tax expense from:
                   
State and local income taxes, net of  federal income tax benefit
   
1,780
   
2,215
   
2,127
 
Effect of tax exempt income and dividend deductions
   
(799
)
 
(455
)
 
(293
)
Other, net
   
(47
)
 
(40
)
 
109
 
Provision for income taxes
 
$
15,194
 
$
15,896
 
$
15,610
 

The Company is included in the consolidated federal income tax return of the Parent. The Company has a tax sharing arrangement which requires it to make tax payments to the Parent equal to the Company's liability as if it filed a separate return.

44

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
Note 7-Employees' Profit Sharing and Savings Plan:

Substantially all employees of the Company and its subsidiaries are members of the Value Line, Inc. Profit Sharing and Savings Plan (the "Plan"). In general, this is a qualified, contributory plan which provides for a discretionary annual Company contribution which is determined by a formula based on the salaries of eligible employees and the amount of consolidated net operating income as defined in the Plan. For the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006 the Company contributed $1,292,000, $1,197,000, and $1,244,000, respectively to the Plan.

Note 8-Lease Commitments:

On June 4, 1993, the Company entered into a 15 year lease agreement to provide primary office space. The lease includes free rental periods as well as scheduled base rent escalations over the term of the lease. The lease was scheduled to expire in May 2008 subject to an option granted to the Company to extend the term for 5 additional years at a market rental rate. The total amount of the base rent payments is being charged to expense on the straight-line method over the term of the lease. The Company recorded a deferred charge on its Consolidated Balance Sheets to reflect the excess of annual rental expense over cash payments since inception of the lease. On April 23, 2007, the Company signed a lease amendment that extended the primary office space lease to May 2013, which increased the Company's future minimum lease payments. Future minimum payments, exclusive of forecasted increases in real estate taxes and wage escalations, under operating leases for equipment and office space, with remaining terms of one year or more, are as follows:

Year ended April 30:
 
(in thousands)
 
       
2009
 
$
2,820
 
2010
   
2,948
 
2011
   
2,948
 
2012
   
2,948
 
Thereafter
   
3,194
 
   
$
14,858
 

Rental expense for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 under operating leases covering office space was $2,858,000, $2,108,000, and $1,724,000, respectively.
 
45

 
Value Line, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 9-Business Segments:

The Company operates two reportable business segments: Investment Periodicals, Publishing & Licensing and Investment Management. The Investment Periodicals, Publishing & Licensing segment produces investment related periodical publications (retail and institutional) in both print and electronic form, and includes licensing fees for Value Line proprietary ranking system information and Value Line trademarks. The Investment Management segment provides advisory services to the Value Line Funds, as well as institutional and individual accounts. The segments are differentiated by the products and services they offer. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company allocates all revenues and expenses, except for depreciation and income from securities transactions related to corporate assets, between the two reportable segments.

Disclosure of Reportable Segment Profit and Segment Assets (in thousands)
 
   
April 30, 2008
 
   
Investment
 
 
 
 
 
   
Periodicals,
     
   
Publishing &
 
Investment
 
 
 
   
Licensing
 
Management
 
Total
 
   
 
     
 
 
Revenues from external customers
 
$
49,857
 
$
32,821
 
$
82,678
 
Intersegment revenues
   
97
   
-
   
97
 
Income from securities transactions
   
230
   
4,170
   
4,400
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
1,543
   
60
   
1,603
 
Segment profit from operations
   
18,464
   
16,002
   
34,466
 
Segment assets
   
10,780
   
76,671
   
87,451
 
Expenditures for segment assets
   
604
   
-
   
604
 
                     
 
 
 
April 30, 2007
 
   
Investment
 
       
 
   
Periodicals, 
       
 
 
 
   
Publishing &
   
Investment
     
 
   
Licensing
   
Management
   
Total
 
Revenues from external customers
 
$
52,480
 
$
31,155
 
$
83,635
 
Intersegment revenues
   
108
   
-
   
108
 
Income from securities transactions
   
233
   
3,021
   
3,254
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
1,963
   
80
   
2,043
 
Segment profit from operations
   
19,755
   
15,901
   
35,656
 
Segment assets
   
18,976
   
80,581
   
99,557
 
Expenditures for segment assets
   
715
   
80
   
795
 
 
 
 
 
April 30, 2006 
 
 
   
Investment 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
Periodicals, 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
Publishing &
 
 
Investment
 
 
 
 
 
   
Licensing
   
Management
   
Total
 
Revenues from external customers
 
$
52,719
 
$
32,467
 
$
85,186
 
Intersegment revenues
   
114
   
-
   
114
 
Income from securities transactions
   
62
   
2,922
   
2,984
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
2,169
   
88
   
2,257
 
Segment profit from operations
   
20,041
   
15,158
   
35,199
 
Segment assets
   
14,861
   
81,762
   
96,623
 
Expenditures for segment assets
   
933
   
9
   
942
 
 
 
46

 
Value Line, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
Reconciliation of Reportable Segment Revenues, Operating Profit and Assets
     
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Revenues
                   
Total revenues for reportable segments
 
$
82,775
 
$
83,743
 
$
85,300
 
Elimination of intersegment revenues
   
(97
)
 
(108
)
 
(114
)
Total consolidated revenues
 
$
82,678
 
$
83,635
 
$
85,186
 
                     
Segment profit
                   
Total profit for reportable segments
   
38,866
 
$
38,910
 
$
38,183
 
Add: Income from securities transactions related to corporate assets
   
1,894
   
1,613
   
884
 
Less: Depreciation related to corporate assets
   
(16
)
 
(20
)
 
(18
)
Income before income taxes
 
$
40,744
 
$
40,503
 
$
39,049
 
                     
Assets
                   
Total assets for reportable segments
 
$
87,451
 
$
99,556
 
$
96,623
 
Corporate assets
   
50,502
   
29,407
   
22,591
 
Consolidated total assets
 
$
137,953
 
$
128,963
 
$
119,214
 
 
Note 10-Net Capital:

The Company's wholly owned subsidiary, VLS, is subject to the net capital provisions of Rule 15c3-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which requires the maintenance of minimum net capital of $100,000 or one-fifteenth of aggregate indebtedness, if larger. At April 30, 2008, the net capital, as defined, of VLS of $18,751,115 exceeded required net capital by $18,651,115 and the ratio of aggregate indebtedness to net capital was .07 to 1.

Note 11-Disclosure of Credit Risk of Financial Instruments with Off Balance Sheet Risk:

In the normal course of business, the Company may enter into contractual commitments, including financial futures contracts for securities indices. Financial futures contracts provide for the delayed delivery of financial instruments for which the seller agrees to make delivery at a specified future date, at a specified price or yield. The contract or notional amount of these contracts reflects the extent of involvement the Company has in these contracts. At April 30, 2008 and 2007, the Company did not have any investment in financial futures contracts. The Company limits its credit risk associated with such instruments by entering into exchange traded future contracts.
Other than the Value Line Funds as explained in Note 3, no single customer accounted for a significant portion of the Company's sales in fiscal 2008, 2007 or 2006, nor for accounts receivable as of April 30, 2008 or 2007.

Note 12-Comprehensive Income:

The Company has adopted Financial Accounting Standards No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income". Statement No. 130 requires the reporting of comprehensive income in addition to net income from operations. Comprehensive income is a more inclusive financial reporting methodology that includes disclosure of certain financial information that historically has not been recognized in the calculation of net income.
At April 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, the Company held both equity securities and U.S. Government debt securities that are classified as Available for Sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The change in valuation of these securities, net of deferred income taxes, has been recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in the Company's Balance Sheets.
 
47

 
Value Line, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
The components of comprehensive income that are included in the Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity are as follows:

       
(in thousands)
     
   
Before
 
Tax
 
Net of
 
   
Tax
 
(Expense)
 
Tax
 
   
Amount
 
or Benefit
 
Amount
 
Year ended April 30, 2008
                   
Unrealized Gains on Securities:
                   
Unrealized Holding Gains/(Losses) Arising during the period
 
$
803
   
(283
)
$
520
 
Add: Reclassification adjustments for losses realized in net income
   
1
   
-
   
1
 
Less: Reclassification adjustments for gains realized in net income
   
(2,793
)
 
983
   
(1,810
)
Other Comprehensive income
   
($1,989
)
$
700
  $
(1,289
)
                     
Year ended April 30, 2007
                   
Unrealized Gains on Securities:
                   
Unrealized Holding Gains/(Losses) Arising during the period
 
$
2,774
   
($977
)
$
1,797
 
Add: Reclassification adjustments for losses realized in net income
   
78
   
(27
)
 
51
 
Less: Reclassification adjustments for gains realized in net income
   
(2,065
)
 
727
   
(1,338
)
Other Comprehensive income
 
$
787
  $
(277
)
$
510
 
                     
Year ended April 30, 2006
                   
Unrealized Gains on Securities:
                   
Unrealized Holding Gains/(Losses) Arising during the period
 
$
8,971
   
($3,195
)
$
5,776
 
Add: Reclassification adjustments for losses realized in net income
   
129
   
(45
)
 
84
 
 
                   
Less: Reclassification adjustments for gains realized in net income
   
(2,355
)
 
829
   
(1,526
)
Other Comprehensive income
 
$
6,745
  $
(2,411
)
$
4,334
 
 
 
48

 

Note 13-Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed for Internal Use:

The Company has adopted the provisions of the Statement of Position 98-1 (SOP 98-1), "Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed for Internal Use". SOP 98-1 requires companies to capitalize as long-lived assets many of the costs associated with developing or obtaining software for internal use and amortize those costs over the software's estimated useful life in a systematic and rational manner.
 
At April 30, 2008 and 2007, the Company capitalized $283,000 and $447,000 of costs related to the development of software for internal use. Such costs are capitalized and amortized over the expected useful life of the asset which is approximately 3 years. Amortization expense for the years ended April 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $600,000, $887,000, and $916,000, respectively.

Note 14-Contingencies:

By letter dated June 15, 2005, the staff of the Northeast Regional Office of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") informed the Company that it was conducting an informal inquiry primarily regarding the execution of portfolio transactions by VLS for the Value Line Funds. The Company has supplied numerous documents to the SEC in response to its requests and various employees and former employees of the Company have provided testimony to the SEC. On May 8, 2008 the SEC issued a formal order of private investigation regarding whether the VLS' brokerage charges and related expense reimbursements during periods prior to 2005 were excessive and whether adequate disclosure was made to the SEC and the boards of directors and shareholders of the Value Line Funds. Thereafter, two senior officers of the Company asserted their constitutional privilege not to provide testimony. Management believes that the SEC is nearing completion of its investigation and the Company will seek to settle this matter with the SEC. Management cannot determine the effect that the investigation will have on the Company's financial statements although it believes that any settlement is likely to be material.
 
49