VICOR CORP - Quarter Report: 2015 September (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015

For the transition period from                     

Commission File Number 0-18277

VICOR CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

25 Frontage Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810

(Address of Principal Executive Office)

(978) 470-2900

(Registrant’s telephone number)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.)    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

The number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of Common Stock as of September 30, 2015 was:

VICOR CORPORATION

INDEX TO FORM 10-Q

i

VICOR CORPORATION

Part I – Financial Information

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

Item 1 – Financial Statements

See accompanying notes.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Vicor Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or the year ending December 31, 2015. The balance sheet at December 31, 2014 presented herein has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 (File No. 0-18277) filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

2. Short-Term and Long-Term Investments

As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company held one auction rate security that had experienced failed auctions of $3,000,000 at par value, which was purchased through and is held by a broker-dealer affiliate of Bank of America, N.A. (the “Failed Auction Security”). The Failed Auction Security held by the Company is Aaa/AA+ rated by major credit rating agencies, collateralized by student loans, and guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Education under the Federal Family Education Loan Program. Management is not aware of any reason to believe the issuer of the Failed Auction Security is presently at risk of default. Through September 30, 2015, the Company has continued to receive interest payments on the Failed Auction Security in accordance with the terms of its indenture. Management believes the Company ultimately should be able to liquidate the Failed Auction Security without significant loss primarily due to the overall quality of the issue held and the collateral securing the substantial majority of the underlying obligation. However, current conditions in the auction rate securities market have led management to conclude the recovery period for the Failed Auction Security exceeds 12 months. As a result, the Company continued to classify the Failed Auction Security as long-term as of September 30, 2015.

The following is a summary of available-for-sale securities (in thousands):

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

As of September 30, 2015, the Failed Auction Security had been in an unrealized loss position for greater than 12 months.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale securities on September 30, 2015, by contractual maturities, are shown below (in thousands):

Based on the fair value measurements described in Note 3, the fair value of the Failed Auction Security on September 30, 2015, with a par value of $3,000,000, was estimated by the Company to be approximately $2,629,000. The gross unrealized loss of $371,000 on the Failed Auction Security consists of two types of estimated loss: an aggregate credit loss of $72,000 and an aggregate temporary impairment of $299,000. In determining the amount of credit loss, the Company compared the present value of cash flows expected to be collected to the amortized cost basis of the security, considering credit default risk probabilities and changes in credit ratings as significant inputs, among other factors (See Note 3).

The following table represents a rollforward of the activity related to the credit loss recognized in earnings on available-for-sale auction rate securities held by the Company for the nine months ended September 30 (in thousands):

At this time, the Company has no intent to sell the impaired Failed Auction Security and does not believe it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell this security. If current market conditions deteriorate further, the Company may be required to record additional unrealized losses. If the credit rating of the security deteriorates, the Company may be required to adjust the carrying value of the investment through impairment charges recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, and any such impairment adjustments may be material.

Based on the Company’s ability to access cash and cash equivalents and its expected operating cash flows, management does not anticipate the current lack of liquidity associated with the Failed Auction Security held will affect the Company’s ability to execute its current operating plan.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

3. Fair Value Measurements

The Company accounts for certain financial assets at fair value, defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. A three-level hierarchy is used to show the extent and level of judgment used to estimate fair value measurements.

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis included the following as of September 30, 2015 (in thousands):

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis included the following as of December 31, 2014 (in thousands):

The Company has classified its brokered certificates of deposit as Level 2 because the fair value for these investments was determined utilizing observable inputs from non-active markets. The fair values fluctuate with changes in market interest rates obtained from information available in publicly quoted markets. Management tested the reported fair values by comparing them to net present value calculations utilizing a discount rate based on U.S. Treasury bill and bond yields for similar maturities.

As of September 30, 2015, there was insufficient observable auction rate security market information available to determine the fair value of the Failed Auction Security using Level 1 or Level 2 inputs. As such, the Company’s investment in the Failed Auction Security was deemed to require valuation using Level 3 inputs. Management, after consulting with advisors, valued the Failed Auction Security using analyses and pricing models similar to those used by market participants (i.e., buyers, sellers, and

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

the broker-dealers responsible for execution of the Dutch auction pricing mechanism by which each issue’s interest rate was set). Management utilized a probability weighted discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model to determine the estimated fair value of this security as of September 30, 2015. The major assumptions used in preparing the DCF model included: estimates for the amount and timing of future interest and principal payments based on default probability assumptions used to measure the credit loss of 2.4%; the rate of return required by investors to own this type of security in the current environment, which management estimates to be 5.0% above the risk free rate of return; and an estimated timeframe of three to five years for successful auctions for this type of security to occur. In making these assumptions, management considered relevant factors including: the formula applicable to the security defining the interest rate paid to investors in the event of a failed auction (the “Penalty Rate”); forward projections of the interest rate benchmarks specified in such formulas; the likely timing of principal repayments; the probability of full repayment considering the guarantees by the U.S. Department of Education of the underlying student loans, guarantees by other third parties, and additional credit enhancements provided through other means; and publicly available pricing data for recently issued student loan asset-backed securities not subject to auctions. In developing its estimate of the rate of return required by investors to own the security, management compared the Penalty Rate of the Failed Auction Security with yields of actively traded long-term bonds with similar characteristics and, reflecting the limited liquidity for auction rate securities and the discounts to par value seen in recent tender offers by issuers and arm’s length market transactions between informed buyers and sellers, estimated the implied yield (i.e., the discount to par value) necessary to complete a sale of the Failed Auction Security. Management has calculated an increase or decrease in the liquidity risk premium of 5.0% referenced above of 1.0% (i.e., 100 basis points) as used in the model, would decrease or increase, respectively, the fair value of the Failed Auction Security by approximately $100,000.

For purposes of the valuation process for the Failed Auction Security, “management” consists of senior members of the Company’s finance department. The fair value measurements for the Failed Auction Security are reviewed and updated on a quarterly basis. The calculations are prepared by the Company’s Corporate Controller, in conjunction with information provided by its valuation advisors, and include the development and substantiation of the unobservable inputs. The methodology, assumptions, and calculations are reviewed and approved by the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Failed Auction Security are the cumulative probability of earning the maximum rate until maturity, the cumulative probability of principal return prior to maturity, the cumulative probability of default, the liquidity risk premium, and the recovery rate in default. Significant increases (decreases) in any of those inputs in isolation would result in changes in fair value measurement. Significant increases (decreases) in the cumulative probability of earning the maximum rate until maturity, the cumulative probability of principal return prior to maturity, and the recovery rate in default would result in a higher (lower) fair value measurement, while increases (decreases) in the cumulative probability of default and the liquidity risk premium would result in a lower (higher) fair value measurement.

Generally, the interrelationships are such that a change in the assumption used for the cumulative probability of principal return prior to maturity is accompanied by a directionally similar change in the assumption used for the cumulative probability of earning the maximum rate until maturity and a directionally opposite change in the assumptions used for the cumulative probability of default and the liquidity risk premium. The recovery rate in default is somewhat independent and based upon the security’s specific underlying assets and published recovery rate indices.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

Quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements as of September 30, 2015 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

The change in the estimated fair value calculated for the investment valued on a recurring basis utilizing Level 3 inputs (i.e., the Failed Auction Security) for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was as follows (in thousands):

There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

4. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the fair value of stock option awards as of their grant date. Stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30 was as follows (in thousands):

On December 31, 2010, the Company granted 2,984,250 non-qualified stock options under the VI Chip 2007 Stock Option and Incentive Plan with performance-based vesting provisions tied to achievement of certain margin targets by VI Chip Corporation. As of December 31, 2010, the Company determined it was probable the margin targets could be achieved and, accordingly, began recording stock-based compensation expense relating to these options beginning January 1, 2011. This determination remains the same as of September 30, 2015 and, accordingly, expense has been recorded through that date. The unrecognized compensation expense for these performance-based options was approximately $513,000 as of September 30, 2015.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

5. Net Income (Loss) per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the three and nine months ended September 30 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

6. Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (determined using the first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Fixed production overhead is allocated to the inventory cost per unit based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. Abnormal production costs, including fixed cost variances from normal production capacity, if any, are charged to cost of revenues in the period incurred. All shipping and handling costs incurred in connection with the sale of products are included in cost of revenues.

The Company provides reserves for inventories estimated to be excess, obsolete or unmarketable. The Company’s estimation process for assessing net realizable value is based upon its known backlog, projected future demand, historical consumption and expected market conditions. If the Company’s estimated demand and/or market expectation were to change or if product sales were to decline, the Company’s estimation process may cause larger inventory reserves to be recorded, resulting in larger charges to cost of revenues.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

Inventories were as follows (in thousands):

7. Other Investments

In September 2015, Intersil Corporation (“Intersil”) acquired, through a statutory merger, Great Wall Semiconductor Corporation (“GWS”), in which the Company held non-voting convertible preferred stock. GWS and its subsidiary designed and sold semiconductors, conducted research and development activities, and developed and licensed patents. A director of the Company was the founder, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), as well as the majority voting shareholder, of GWS. The Company accounted for its investment in GWS under the equity method. The Company determined, while GWS was a variable interest entity, the Company was not the primary beneficiary. The key factors in the Company’s assessment were that the CEO of GWS had: (i) the power to direct the activities of GWS that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) an obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from GWS, respectively, that could potentially be significant to GWS.

At that time of the merger transaction, the Company’s gross investment totaled $4,999,719. However, during the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company determined a decline in value judged to be other-than-temporary had occurred and, as such, the investment’s recorded value on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, as of December 31, 2008, was reduced to zero. Our decision to reduce the remaining investment balance to zero at that time was based on GWS’ continued operating losses, the impact of the global economic crisis on the current and short-term outlook for its operations, a negative working capital position as of December 31, 2008, and a valuation based on discounted cash flows.

Under the terms of the merger agreement between GWS and Intersil, and in accordance with the terms of the shareholder agreement under which the Company made its investments, all preferred stock was redeemed at full preference value (i.e., purchased for cash equal to the original investment amount). This redemption was effected through the exchange of a share of preferred stock for (a) the right to receive the preference value in cash upon surrender of the preferred shares and (b) the non-transferable right to receive certain cash payments as additional consideration, after a period of 16 months, associated with (i) the release by Intersil of some or all of the $2,625,000 portion of total consideration held in escrow by Intersil for potential funding of indemnification and related obligations made by GWS and its selling shareholders and (ii) additional consideration of up to $4,000,000, payable in the event Intersil achieved certain revenue goals related to GWS products. Immediately after the closing of the merger transaction, the Company received the full preference value, equal to its gross investment in GWS. Because the net investment on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet had a value of zero, the full preference value was recorded as a gain from sale of equity method investment in the third quarter of 2015. Just prior to the merger, the Company also received, as a dividend from GWS, shares of an entity in which GWS held an investment. Such shares were deemed by the Company to have a value of zero on the date of receipt.

While the Company’s shares of preferred stock were never converted into shares of non-voting common stock, as provided for in the terms of the shareholder agreement under which the Company made its investment, the proportionate share of the contingent amounts described above was calculated assuming such a conversion, resulting in a pro forma proportionate share for the Company of any amounts paid of 27.0%. The Company will record its proportionate share of any additional consideration when it is determined to be realizable. As a former stockholder of GWS, the Company is subject to the indemnification provisions in the merger agreement, as noted above. In certain cases, the Company’s indemnification obligation can extend to the full amount of the merger consideration received by the Company, however, the Company believes the likelihood of any such indemnification obligation occurring is remote.

The Company and GWS were parties to an intellectual property cross-licensing agreement, a license agreement, and two supply agreements, under which the Company purchased certain components from GWS. Intersil, through the merger transaction, has assumed all of GWS’ rights and obligations under these agreements. Company purchases from GWS totaled approximately $1,764,000 and $1,698,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Company owed GWS

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

approximately $30,000 and $170,000 as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. During the second quarter of 2009, the Company entered into a license agreement with GWS in which the Company paid $500,000 to obtain certain rights to several GWS semiconductor devices. This amount was recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets in “Other assets” and was fully amortized, on a straight-line basis, over four years.

8. Severance and Other Charges

In July 2014, the Company’s management authorized the consolidation of the manufacturing of its Westcor division products, announcing its intent to transfer those operations from Westcor’s Sunnyvale, California facility to the Company’s primary manufacturing facility in Andover, Massachusetts, by the end of 2014. As a result, the Company recorded a pre-tax charge of $2,207,000 in the second half of 2014, primarily for the cost of severance and other employee-related costs involving cash payments based on each employee’s respective length of service. The Company also incurred other costs related to the relocation of the manufacturing operations, primarily freight costs, for the transfer of inventories and equipment, and employee travel expenses, of which approximately $303,000 was expensed in the second half of 2014. The related liability is presented as “Accrued severance charges” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

A summary of the activity related to the accrued severance charges, is as follows (in thousands):

9. Product Warranties

The Company generally offers a two-year warranty for all of its products. The Company provides for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors influencing the Company’s warranty reserves include the number of units sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty returns, and the cost per return. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of warranty reserves and adjusts the amounts as necessary. Warranty obligations are included in “Accrued expenses” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

Product warranty activity for the three and nine months ended September 30 was as follows (in thousands):

10. Income Taxes

The tax provision is based on the estimated annual effective tax rate for the year, which includes estimated federal, state and foreign income taxes on the Company’s projected pre-tax income (loss) and estimated federal and state income taxes for certain noncontrolling interest subsidiaries that are not part of the Company’s consolidated income tax returns.

The provisions for income taxes and the effective income tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

The Company’s effective tax rate is lower than the statutory tax rate in each 2015 period due to the utilization of net operating losses. The provisions for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 were primarily due to the estimated federal and state taxes for one noncontrolling interest subsidiary and estimated state taxes in jurisdictions in which the Company does not have net operating loss carryforwards. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, no tax benefit could be recognized for the majority of the Company’s losses due to a full valuation allowance against all domestic deferred tax assets. The Company did recognize a tax benefit of approximately $552,000 as a discrete item in the third quarter of 2014 for the release of certain income tax reserves, due to the completion of an Internal Revenue Service examination of its 2010 and 2011 federal corporate income tax returns during the quarter. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance against all remaining domestic deferred tax assets.

As discussed in Note 7, the Company recorded a gain from sale of equity method investment in the third quarter of 2015 for cash consideration received equal to its gross investment in GWS of $4,999,719 for the full preference value of its non-voting convertible preferred stock upon GWS’ acquisition by Intersil, as the value of the investment for financial reporting purposes was zero. For income tax purposes, though, the value of the investment was $4,999,719 at the time of the redemption as it was not previously deducted for tax purposes and, therefore, there will be no gain or loss on the transaction for income tax purposes.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

As of September 30, 2015, the Company had a valuation allowance of approximately $25,754,000 primarily against all domestic net deferred tax assets, for which realization cannot be considered more likely than not at this time. Management assesses the need for the valuation allowance on a quarterly basis. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers all positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, and past financial performance. In 2013, the Company recorded an increase to the valuation allowance of approximately $10,241,000 for all remaining domestic net deferred tax assets not previously covered by a valuation allowance due to the following factors: (1) the Company’s forecast of future taxable income, of the appropriate nature, based on its quarterly assessment, was not sufficient to support the recoverability of the remaining domestic deferred tax assets; (2) then-recent cumulative losses and the Company’s projection of continued losses into 2014; (3) while the Company had the ability to carry back federal net operating losses or credits to utilize against federal taxable income, it estimated it would generate only $1,600,000 in cash refunds (which were received subsequently, in the fourth quarter of 2014); and (4) the lack of prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. These assessment factors remain essentially unchanged, as the Company remained in a significant cumulative loss position as of September 30, 2015. As a result, management believes a full valuation allowance against all domestic net deferred tax assets was warranted as of September 30, 2015. The valuation allowance against these deferred tax assets may require adjustment in the future based on changes in the mix of temporary differences, changes in tax laws, and operating performance. If and when the Company determines the valuation allowance should be released (i.e., reduced), the adjustment would result in a tax benefit reported in that period’s consolidated statements of operations, the effect of which would be an increase in reported net income. A portion of such an adjustment may be accounted for through an increase to “Additional paid-in capital”, a component of stockholders’ equity. The amount of any such tax benefit associated with release of the Company’s valuation allowance in a particular quarter may be material.

The Company’s subsidiary in Italy, Vicor Italy S.R.L. (“Vicor Italy”), underwent a tax inspection in 2014 for tax years 2009 through 2013, covering corporation, regional and value added taxes. Vicor Italy received a preliminary tax audit report dated June 30, 2014. The Company filed a response to the preliminary tax audit report in the third quarter of 2014. While management believes it is too early to determine the likelihood or amount of any potential liability at this time, it does not believe the ultimate impact of this matter will be material to the Company’s financial statements.

Other than the Vicor Italy matter discussed above, there are no other income tax examinations or audits currently in process.

11. Commitments and Contingencies

At September 30, 2015, the Company had approximately $2,327,000 of capital expenditure commitments.

On January 28, 2011, SynQor, Inc. (“SynQor”) filed a complaint for patent infringement against Ericsson, Inc. (“Ericsson”), Cisco Systems, Inc. (“Cisco”) and the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (the “Texas Action”). This immediately followed a complaint filed by the Company on January 26, 2011, in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts, in which the Company sought a declaratory judgment that its bus converter products do not infringe any valid claim of certain of SynQor’s U.S. patents, and that the claims of those patents are invalid. With respect to the Company, SynQor’s complaint alleges the Company’s products, including, but not limited to, unregulated bus converters used in intermediate bus architecture power supply systems, infringe certain SynQor patents. SynQor seeks, among other items, an injunction against further infringement and an award of unspecified compensatory and enhanced damages, interest, costs and attorney fees. On February 8, 2011, SynQor filed a motion for preliminary injunction seeking an order enjoining the Company from manufacturing, using, selling, and offering for sale in the United States and/or importing into the United States certain identified unregulated bus converters, as well as any other bus converters not significantly different from those products. On February 17, 2011, the Company withdrew its Massachusetts action without prejudice to allow the litigation to proceed in Texas. On May 16, 2011, SynQor announced it was withdrawing its motion for preliminary injunction against the Company. On that date, SynQor also announced it and Ericsson had entered into a definitive settlement agreement, the terms of which were not disclosed. On September 16, 2011, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (the “Texas Court”) issued an order setting a trial date of July 7, 2014. On September 20, 2011, SynQor filed an amended complaint in the Texas Action. The amended complaint repeated the allegations of patent infringement against the Company contained in SynQor’s original complaint, and included additional patent infringement allegations with respect to U.S. Patent No. 8,023,290 (the “ ‘290 patent”), which was issued on that day. As with SynQor’s original

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

complaint, the amended complaint alleges the Company’s products, including but not limited to the Company’s unregulated bus converters used in intermediate bus architecture power supply systems, infringe the asserted patents. On October 4, 2011, the Company filed an answer and counterclaims to SynQor’s amended complaint, in which the Company alleges the ‘290 patent is unenforceable because it was procured through inequitable conduct before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and seeks damages against SynQor for SynQor’s unfair and deceptive trade practices and tortious interference with prospective economic advantage in connection with SynQor’s allegations of patent infringement against the Company. On January 2, 2014, the Texas Court issued its claim construction order following a claim construction hearing held on December 17, 2013. On January 16, 2014, the Company filed a motion seeking reconsideration of certain aspects of the Texas Court’s claim construction ruling. On March 31, 2014, the Texas Court issued an order severing the case against the Company and Cisco into two separate matters, with separate trials to be held with respect to SynQor’s claims against Cisco and SynQor’s claims against the Company. On June 30, 2014, the Company filed a number of motions seeking summary judgment in this matter, including for a finding of no direct, indirect, or willful infringement and for a finding of indefiniteness with respect to U.S. Patent No. 7,272,021 (the “ ‘021 patent”), which is one of four related patents at question in the Texas Action. The Texas Court has yet to rule on these motions. On October 23, 2014, the Texas Court issued an order continuing trial in this matter indefinitely. On January 7, 2015, the Company’s case and that of Cisco were assigned to a new judge within the Texas Court. On February 6, 2015, SynQor filed a motion to consolidate the Company’s and Cisco’s cases for trial, which was subsequently denied. On March 13, 2015, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in Washington, D.C. Circuit issued a ruling invalidating certain claims of U.S. Patent No. 7,072,190 (the “ ‘190 patent”) asserted by SynQor against the Company. Challenges to the validity of the remaining claims relating to the ‘190 patent, and to the remaining patents asserted by SynQor against the Company, remain pending before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and in the Texas Action. On March 26, 2015, the Texas Court scheduled pre-trial conferences for September 15, 2015, for Cisco’s case and January 13, 2016, for the Company’s case. On April 20, 2015, the Patent Trial and Appeal Board of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “PTAB”) issued a decision upholding the validity of all of the claims of SynQor’s U.S. Patent No. 7,564,702 (the “ ‘702 patent”), another of the power converter patents included in the claims asserted against the Company in the Texas Action. On May 20, 2015, the Company filed a request for rehearing concerning that decision. The PTAB has not ruled on that request. On May 5, 2015, the PTAB issued a decision invalidating all of the asserted claims of the ‘021 patent. On June 10, 2015, SynQor filed a request for rehearing concerning that decision. The PTAB has not ruled on that request. The Company has received no notice from the Texas Court regarding the timing of rulings on the Company’s summary judgment motions. On June 19, 2015, the Texas Court issued an order scheduling a jury trial in SynQor’s patent infringement action against Cisco beginning on November 30, 2015. SynQor’s patent infringement allegations against Cisco include allegations that Cisco is using certain parts supplied by the Company in infringing circuits. On October 5, 2015, the Texas Court issued an order denying a motion by Cisco seeking a stay of SynQor’s case against Cisco pending the resolution of matters concerning the asserted SynQor patents before the PTAB.

The Company continues to believe none of its products, including its unregulated bus converters, infringe any valid claim of the asserted SynQor patents, either alone or when used in an intermediate bus architecture implementation, including such use by Cisco. The Company believes SynQor’s claims lack merit and, therefore, continues to vigorously defend itself against SynQor’s patent infringement allegations. The Company does not believe a loss is probable for this matter. If a loss were to be incurred, however, the Company cannot estimate the amount of possible loss or range of possible loss at this time.

In addition to the SynQor matter, the Company is involved in certain other litigation and claims incidental to the conduct of its business. While the outcome of lawsuits and claims against the Company cannot be predicted with certainty, management does not expect any current litigation or claims to have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

12. Segment Information

The Company has organized its business segments according to its key product lines. The Brick Business Unit segment (“BBU”) designs, develops, manufactures and markets the Company’s modular power converters and configurable products, and also includes the operations of the Company’s Westcor division through its closure in December 2014, the six entities comprising Vicor Custom Power, and the BBU operations of Vicor Japan Company, Ltd. (“VJCL”). The VI Chip segment includes VI Chip Corporation, which designs, develops, manufactures and markets the Company’s factorized power architecture (“FPA”) products. The VI Chip segment also includes the VI Chip business conducted through VJCL. The Picor segment includes Picor Corporation, which designs, develops, manufactures and markets integrated circuits and related products for use in a variety of power management and power system applications. The Picor segment develops these products for use in the Company’s BBU and VI Chip modules, to be sold as complements to the Company’s BBU and VI Chip products, or for sale to third parties for separate (i.e., stand-alone) applications.

The Company’s chief operating decision maker evaluates performance and allocates resources based on segment revenues and segment operating income (loss). The operating income (loss) for each segment includes selling, general and administrative and research and development expenses directly attributable to the segment. Certain of the Company’s indirect overhead costs, which include corporate selling, general and administrative expenses, are allocated among the segments based upon an estimate of costs associated with each segment. Assets allocated to each segment are based upon specific identification of such assets, which include accounts receivable, inventories, fixed assets and certain other assets. The Corporate segment consists of those operations and assets shared by all segments. The costs of certain centralized executive and administrative functions are recorded in this segment, as are certain shared assets, most notably cash and cash equivalents, deferred tax assets, long-term investments, the Company’s facilities in Massachusetts, real estate and other assets. The Company’s accounting policies and method of presentation for segments are consistent with that used throughout the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

The following table provides segment financial data for the three months ended September 30 (in thousands):

The following table provides segment financial data for the nine months ended September 30 (in thousands):

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VICOR CORPORATION

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2015

(unaudited)

13. Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In July 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued new guidance for inventory accounting, which will require companies to measure in scope inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Current guidance requires an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost or market. The new guidance does not apply to inventory that is measured using last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) or retail inventory methods. The guidance applies to all other inventory, which includes inventory that is measured using first-in, first-out (“FIFO”), which the Company employs, or average cost methods. The new guidance will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2017, and is to be applied prospectively with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The Company will be evaluating the effect the new guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In May 2014, the FASB issued new guidance for revenue recognition, which will require an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The new guidance will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles when it becomes effective which, for the Company, will now be on January 1, 2018, as on July 9, 2015, the FASB voted to defer the effective date of the new standard by one year. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The Company is evaluating the effect the new guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company has not yet selected a transition method nor has it determined the effect the standard will have on its ongoing financial reporting.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

Item 2 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Except for statements of historical fact contained herein, statements in this report constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “estimates,” “plans,” “assumes,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “continue,” “prospective,” “project,” and other similar words or expressions identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding the transition of the Company’s business strategically and organizationally from serving a highly diversified customer base to serving an increasing number of large customers; the level of customer orders overall and, in particular, from large customers and the delivery lead times associated therewith; the financial and operational impact of customer changes to shipping schedules; the derivation of a portion of the Company’s sales in each quarter from orders booked in the same quarter; the Company’s ongoing development of power conversion architectures, switching topologies, packaging technologies, and products; the Company’s plans to invest in expanded manufacturing, capacity, and the timing thereof; the Company’s belief regarding currency risk being mitigated because of limited foreign exchange fluctuation exposure; the Company’s continued success depending in part on its ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; the Company’s belief that cash generated from operations and the total of its cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund operations for the foreseeable future; the Company’s intentions regarding the declaration and payment of cash dividends; the Company’s intentions regarding protecting its rights under its patents; and the Company’s expectation as to whether current litigation or claims will have a material adverse impact on its financial position or results of operations. These statements are based upon the Company’s current expectations and estimates as to the prospective events and circumstances which may or may not be within the Company’s control and as to which there can be no assurance. Actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including the Company’s ability to: hire and retain key personnel; develop and market new products and technologies cost effectively, and on a timely basis leverage the Company’s new technologies in standard products to promote market acceptance of the Company’s new approach to power system architecture; leverage design wins into increased product sales; continue to meet requirements of key customers and prospects; enter into licensing agreements increasing the Company’s market opportunity and accelerating market penetration; realize significant royalties under such licensing agreements; achieve sustainable bookings rates for the Company’s products across both markets and geographies; improve manufacturing and operating efficiencies; successfully enforce the Company’s intellectual property rights; successfully defend outstanding litigation; and maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting, including the Company’s ability to obtain required financial information for investments on a timely basis, the Company’s ability to assess the value of assets, including illiquid investments, and the accounting therefor. These and other factors that may influence actual results are described in the risk factors set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, under Part I, Item I — “Business,” under Part I, Item 1A — “Risk Factors,” under Part I, Item 3 — “Legal Proceedings,” and under Part II, Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” The risk factors contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 may not be exhaustive. Therefore, the information contained therein should be read together with other reports and documents that the Company files with the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time, including Forms 10-Q, 8-K and 10-K, which may supplement, modify, supersede or update those risk factors. Except as required by law, the Company does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of future events or developments.

Overview

We design, develop, manufacture, and market modular power components and complete power systems and have organized our business segments according to our key product lines. The BBU segment designs, develops, manufactures and markets our modular power converters and configurable products, and also includes the six entities comprising Vicor Custom Power and the BBU operations of VJCL. In December 2014, we completed the consolidation of the manufacturing of Westcor division products from its facility in Sunnyvale, California to our primary manufacturing facility in Andover, Massachusetts. The VI Chip segment includes VI Chip Corporation, which designs, develops, manufactures, and markets our FPA products. The VI Chip segment also includes the VI Chip business conducted through VJCL. The Picor segment includes Picor Corporation, which designs, develops, manufactures, and markets integrated circuits and related products for use in a variety of power management and power system applications. The Picor segment develops these products for use in our BBU and VI Chip modules, to be sold as complements to our BBU and VI Chip products, or for sale to third parties for separate (i.e., stand-alone) applications.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

We sell our products primarily to customers in the higher-performance, higher-power segments of the power systems market. The BBU has customers concentrated in defense electronics, industrial automation and equipment, rail transportation, and test and measurement instrumentation, while VI Chip and Picor have customers concentrated in the datacenter and supercomputer segments of the computing market, although VI Chip and Picor also target applications in aerospace and defense electronics, test and measurement instrumentation, and communications and networking. With our strategic emphasis on larger, high-volume customers, we expect to continue to experience a greater concentration of sales among relatively fewer customers.

We incurred an operating loss in the third quarter of 2015, and, as anticipated, our revenue in the third quarter of 2015 was lower than in the first two quarters of 2015. Our lower revenue in the third quarter of 2015 was due in part to a transition to a new voltage regulation standard within the datacenter market, which has caused shifts in the timing of revenues and delays in expected bookings. While bookings were sequentially slightly higher in the third quarter of 2015, they were significantly lower than quarterly bookings from the second quarter of 2014 through the first quarter of 2015. We therefore continue to face an uncertain outlook in the near term. Certain markets in which we have historically focused remain weak, notably defense electronics. Geographically, demand remains weak due to economic uncertainty across certain regions. Because we are shifting our strategy toward serving fewer, higher volume customers with our innovative new products, we currently are vulnerable to swings in demand from a relatively small number of early adopting customers, although our objective is to diversify our customer base, given the breadth of applications of these new products. However, until customer adoption of these new products accelerates, we may not achieve such customer diversification.

Revenues for the third quarter of 2015 decreased by 16.7% to $48,664,000 from $58,402,000 for the third quarter of 2014, and decreased by 13.3% on a sequential basis from $56,119,000 for the second quarter of 2015, primarily due to a decrease in customer bookings in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the third quarter of 2014. Export sales as a percentage of total revenues for the respective quarters ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 were approximately 57% and 61%. Gross margin decreased to $21,286,000 for the third quarter of 2015 from $25,550,000 for the third quarter of 2014, and decreased on a sequential basis from $26,510,000 for the second quarter of 2015. Gross margin as a percentage of revenue remained flat at 43.7% for the third quarter of 2015 compared to the third quarter of 2014, despite the decrease in net revenues, due to average selling price improvement across several BBU programs, along with realizing the full benefit of the Westcor consolidation into Andover production. Gross margin decreased on a sequential basis from 47.2% for the second quarter of 2015 due to the decrease in net revenues.

Revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 increased by 2.3% to $168,800,000 from $164,996,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to an increase in the Picor and VI Chip segments’ customer bookings in the fourth quarter of 2014 plus the first and second quarters of 2015 compared to the fourth quarter of 2013 plus the first and second quarters of 2014. Export sales as a percentage of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 were approximately 60% and 59%, respectively. Gross margin increased to $76,687,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 from $71,004,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. Gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased to 45.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 compared to 43.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

Backlog, representing the total of orders for products for which shipment is scheduled within the next 12 months, was $43,344,000 at the end of the third quarter of 2015, as compared to $41,616,000 at the end of the second quarter of 2015 and $52,544,000 at the end of the third quarter of 2014.

Operating expenses for the third quarter of 2015 decreased $6,178,000, or 20.8%, to $23,504,000 from $29,682,000 for the third quarter of 2014, primarily due to a decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses of $3,971,000. The primary components of the decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses were declines in legal fees of $2,939,000, compensation expenses of $765,000, and commissions expense of $115,000, partially offset by an increase in audit, tax, and accounting fees of $113,000. The decrease in legal fees is due to reduced activity with our ongoing litigation with SynQor. As addressed elsewhere, we intend to continue our vigorous defense of SynQor’s intellectual property claims and cannot predict the ultimate cost of such defense or when the claims might be resolved. The lower costs of this ongoing litigation continued the trend begun in the fourth quarter of 2014 associated with continued delays in the expected trial date.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

Operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 decreased $11,087,000, or 13.0%, to $74,502,000 from $85,589,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to a decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses of $9,036,000. The primary components of the decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses were declines in legal fees of $7,881,000, for reasons noted above, compensation expenses of $1,016,000, advertising expenses of $253,000, and travel expenses of $205,000, partially offset by an increase in audit, tax, and accounting fees of $117,000, and facilities expenses of $111,000.

In September 2015, Intersil Corporation (“Intersil”) acquired Great Wall Semiconductor Corporation (“GWS”). At that time, the Company’s gross investment in non-voting convertible preferred stock of GWS totaled $4,999,719, giving the Company an approximately 27% ownership interest in GWS. The Company received cash consideration of $4,999,719 for its investment from Intersil, representing full preference value of its share of non-voting convertible preferred stock of GWS. Since the investment in GWS had previously been written down to zero, the full amount of the consideration was recorded as a gain from sale of equity method investment in the third quarter of 2015. See Note 7 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Net income attributable to Vicor Corporation for the third quarter of 2015 was $2,503,000, or $0.06 per diluted share, compared to net loss attributable to Vicor Corporation of $(3,674,000), or $(0.10) per share, for the third quarter of 2014, and net income attributable to Vicor Corporation of $805,000, or $0.02 per diluted share, for the second quarter of 2015. The increase in net income per diluted share was due, in part, to the acquisition of GWS by Intersil and the resulting gain from sale of equity method investment recorded by the Company, as discussed above.

Net income attributable to Vicor Corporation for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, was $6,679,000, or $0.17 per diluted share, compared to net loss attributable to Vicor Corporation of $(13,887,000), or $(0.36) per share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. This increase in net income per diluted share was due to the increase in net revenues and the acquisition of GWS by Intersil and the resulting gain from sale of equity method investment recorded by the Company, as discussed above.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, depreciation and amortization totaled $6,954,000 and capital additions totaled $5,596,000, compared to totals of $7,313,000 and $4,859,000, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

Inventories decreased by approximately $69,000, or 0.3%, to $26,259,000, compared to $26,328,000 at December 31, 2014. This decrease was primarily associated with a decrease in VI Chip inventories of $773,000, partially offset by an increase in BBU inventories of $644,000.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Please refer to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 for a summary of the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

Three months ended September 30, 2015, compared to three months ended September 30, 2014

Net revenues for the third quarter of 2015 were $48,664,000, a decrease of $9,738,000, or 16.7% as compared to $58,402,000 for the third quarter of 2014, and decreased $7,455,000, or 13.3%, on a sequential basis from $56,119,000 for the second quarter of 2015.

Net revenues, by segment, for the third quarter of 2015 and the third quarter of 2014 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

The decrease in consolidated net revenues for the third quarter of 2015 over the third quarter of 2014 was primarily due to a 23.2% decrease in bookings in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the third quarter of 2014. While bookings declined across all three segments, bookings were significantly lower for VI Chip and Picor, due to decreased bookings from the two segments’ major datacenter customer. Customer bookings patterns continue to be unpredictable, particularly for the VI Chip and Picor segments. The decrease in BBU revenues was primarily attributable to a decrease in other BBU revenues of approximately $3,787,000 and a decrease in VJCL revenues of $862,000.

Gross margin for the third quarter of 2015 decreased $4,264,000, or 16.7%, to $21,286,000 from $25,550,000 for the third quarter of 2014. Gross margin as a percentage of net revenues remained flat at 43.7% compared to the third quarter of 2014. The decrease in gross margin was due to the decrease in net revenues. The gross margin percentage remained the same, despite the decrease in net revenues, due to average selling price improvement across several BBU programs, along with realizing the full benefit of the Westcor consolidation into Andover production.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $13,383,000 for the third quarter of 2015, a decrease of $3,971,000, or 22.9%, from $17,354,000 for the third quarter of 2014. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 27.5% for the third quarter of 2015 from 29.7% for the third quarter of 2014 due to lower expenses recorded for the third quarter of 2015, in contrast to those levels recorded for the third quarter of 2014.

The components of the $3,971,000 decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses for the third quarter of 2015 from the third quarter of 2014 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Research and development expenses were $10,121,000 for the third quarter of 2015, a decrease of $224,000, or 2.2%, compared to $10,345,000 for the third quarter of 2014. As a percentage of net revenues, research and development expenses increased to 20.8% for the third quarter of 2015 from 17.7% for the third quarter of 2014, due to the decrease in net revenues.

The components of the $224,000 decrease in research and development expenses were as follows (dollars in thousands):

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

The significant components of ‘‘Other income (expense), net’’ for the third quarter of 2015 and the third quarter of 2014, and the changes between the periods were as follows (in thousands):

Our exposure to market risk for fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relates primarily to the operations of VJCL, for which the functional currency is the Japanese Yen. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries in Europe and other subsidiaries in Asia is the U.S. Dollar. The decrease in interest income for the third quarter of 2015, as compared to the third quarter of 2014, was due to lower average balances on our short-term and long-term investments, as well as a general decrease in interest rates earned on these investments.

Loss before income taxes was $(2,217,000) for the third quarter of 2015, as compared to $(4,196,000) for the third quarter of 2014.

The provision (benefit) for income taxes and the effective income tax rates for the third quarter of 2015 and the third quarter of 2014 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

The Company’s effective tax rate is lower than the statutory tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2015 due to the utilization of net operating losses. The provision for the three months ended September 30, 2015 was primarily due to the estimated federal and state taxes for one noncontrolling interest subsidiary and estimated state taxes in jurisdictions in which the Company does not have net operating loss carryforwards. For the three months ended September 30, 2014, no tax benefit could be recognized for the majority of the Company’s losses due to a full valuation allowance against all domestic deferred tax assets. The Company did recognize a tax benefit of approximately $552,000 as a discrete item in the third quarter of 2014 for the release of certain income tax reserves, due to the completion of an Internal Revenue Service examination of its 2010 and 2011 federal corporate income tax returns during the quarter. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance against all remaining domestic deferred tax assets.

In September 2015, Intersil acquired GWS. At that time, the Company’s gross investment in non-voting convertible preferred stock of GWS totaled $4,999,719, giving the Company an approximately 27% ownership interest in GWS. The Company received cash consideration of $4,999,719 for its investment from Intersil, representing full preference value of its shares of non-voting convertible preferred stock of GWS. Since the investment in GWS had previously been written down to zero, the full amount of the consideration was recorded as a gain from sale of equity method investment in the third quarter of 2015. See Note 7 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Net income per diluted share attributable to Vicor Corporation was $0.06 for the third quarter of 2015, compared to net loss per share of $(0.10) for the third quarter of 2014. This increase was due, in part, to the acquisition of GWS by Intersil and the resulting gain from sale of equity method investment recorded by the Company, as discussed above.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

Nine months ended September 30, 2015 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2014

Net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 were $168,800,000, an increase of $3,804,000, or 2.3%, from $164,996,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

Net revenues, by segment, for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and the nine months ended September 30, 2014 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

The overall increase in consolidated net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 from the nine months ended September 30, 2014 was due primarily to increased Picor and VI Chip bookings from the two segments’ major datacenter customer in the fourth quarter of 2014 plus the first and second quarters of 2015, compared to the fourth quarter of 2013 plus the first and second quarters of 2014. Customer bookings patterns continue to be unpredictable, particularly with the VI Chip and Picor segments. The decrease in BBU revenues was primarily attributable to a decrease in Vicor Custom Power revenues of approximately $4,486,000 and a decrease in VJCL revenues of $2,001,000, partially offset by an increase in other BBU revenues of approximately $410,000.

Gross margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 increased $5,683,000, or 8.0%, to $76,687,000 from $71,004,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. Gross margin as a percentage of net revenues increased to 45.4% from 43.0% for the respective nine month periods. The increase in gross margin and gross margin percentage primarily was due to the increase in VI Chip and Picor net revenues, particularly due to a larger proportion of higher margin Picor products. In addition, the gross margin for BBU products remained relatively flat, despite their decrease in net revenues, due to average selling price improvements across several BBU programs, along with realizing the full benefit of the Westcor consolidation into Andover production.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $43,331,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, a decrease of $9,036,000, or 17.3%, compared to $52,367,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 25.7% from 31.7% for the respective nine month periods due to the combination of the higher revenues and lower expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

The components of the $9,036,000 decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 from the nine months ended September 30, 2014 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Research and development expenses were $31,171,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, a decrease of $68,000, or 0.2%, from $31,239,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. As a percentage of net revenues, research and development expenses decreased to 18.5% from 18.9% for the respective nine month periods, primarily due to the increase in net revenues.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

The significant components of ‘‘Other income (expense), net’’ for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and the changes from period to period were as follows (in thousands):

Our exposure to market risk for fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relates primarily to the operations of VJCL, for which the functional currency is the Japanese Yen. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries in Europe and other subsidiaries in Asia is the U.S. Dollar. The decrease in interest income for the period was due to lower average balances on our short-term and long-term investments as well as a general decrease in interest rates earned on these investments.

Income (loss) before income taxes was $2,196,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 compared to $(14,537,000) for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.

The provision (benefit) for income taxes and the effective income tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and the nine months ended September 30, 2014 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

The Company’s effective tax rate is lower than the statutory tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 due to the utilization of net operating losses. The provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was primarily due to the estimated federal and state taxes for one noncontrolling interest subsidiary and estimated state taxes in jurisdictions in which the Company does not have net operating loss carryforwards. For the nine months ended September 30, 2014, no tax benefit could be recognized for the majority of the Company’s losses due to a full valuation allowance against all domestic deferred tax assets. The Company did recognize a tax benefit of approximately $552,000 as a discrete item in the third quarter of 2014 for the release of certain income tax reserves, due to the completion of an Internal Revenue Service examination of its 2010 and 2011 federal corporate income tax returns during the quarter. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance against all remaining domestic deferred tax assets.

In September 2015, Intersil acquired GWS. At that time, the Company’s gross investment in non-voting convertible preferred stock of GWS totaled $4,999,719, giving the Company an approximately 27% ownership interest in GWS. The Company received cash consideration of $4,999,719 for its investment from Intersil, representing full preference value of its shares of non-voting convertible preferred stock of GWS. Since the investment in GWS had previously been written down to zero, the full amount of the consideration was recorded as a gain from sale of equity method investment in the third quarter of 2015. See Note 7 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Net income per diluted share attributable to Vicor Corporation was $0.17 for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, compared to net loss per share of $(0.36) for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. This increase was due to the increase in net revenues and the acquisition of GWS by Intersil and the resulting gain from sale of equity method investment recorded by the Company, as discussed above.

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VICOR CORPORATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of

Financial Condition and Results of Operation

September 30, 2015

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of September 30, 2015, we had $68,571,000 in cash and cash equivalents. The ratio of total current assets to total current liabilities was 5.6:1 as of September 30, 2015 and 4.9:1 as of December 31, 2014. Working capital, defined as total current assets less total current liabilities, increased $10,146,000 to $100,467,000 as of September 30, 2015 from $90,321,000 as of December 31, 2014.

The changes in working capital from December 31, 2014 to September 30, 2015 were as follows (in thousands):

The primary sources of cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 were $12,948,000 from operating activities, $5,000,000 of proceeds from the sale of our investment in non-voting convertible preferred stock of GWS upon GWS’ acquisition by Intersil, discussed above, and $781,000 of proceeds from the issuance of Common Stock associated with the exercise of options for the purchase of shares of our Common Stock. The primary use of cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was the purchase of equipment of $5,596,000.

In November 2000, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $30,000,000 of our Common Stock (the “November 2000 Plan”). The November 2000 Plan authorizes us to make such repurchases from time to time in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The timing and amounts of Common Stock repurchases are at the discretion of management based on its view of economic and financial market conditions. We did not repurchase shares of Common Stock under the November 2000 Plan during the nine months ended September 30, 2015. As of September 30, 2015, we had approximately $8,541,000 remaining under the November 2000 Plan.

Our primary liquidity needs are for making continuing investments in manufacturing equipment. We believe cash generated from operations and the total of our cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund planned operations and capital equipment purchases for the foreseeable future. We had approximately $2,327,000 of capital expenditure commitments, principally for manufacturing equipment, as of September 30, 2015.

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Vicor Corporation

September 30, 2015

Item 3 — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to a variety of market risks, including changes in interest rates affecting the return on our cash and cash equivalents and long-term investments, and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. As our cash and cash equivalents consist principally of cash accounts and money market securities, which are short-term in nature, we believe our exposure to market risk on interest rate fluctuations for these investments is not significant. Our long-term investments consist mainly of debt securities, of which the Failed Auction Security represents a significant portion. While the Failed Auction Security is Aaa/AA+ rated by major credit rating agencies, collateralized by student loans and guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Education under the Federal Family Education Loan Program, continued failure to sell at its reset date could negatively impact the carrying value of the investment, in turn leading to impairment charges in future periods. Changes in the fair value of the Failed Auction Security attributable to credit loss is recorded through earnings, with the remainder of any change recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)”, a component of Vicor Corporation stockholders’ equity. Should a decline in the value of the Failed Auction Security be other-than-temporary, the loss would be recorded in “Other income (expense), net.” We do not believe there was an “other-than-temporary” decline in value in this security as of September 30, 2015. (See Note 2 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details).

Our exposure to market risk for fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates relates primarily to the operations of VJCL, for which the functional currency is the Japanese Yen, and changes in the Dollar/Yen exchange rate, as the functional currency of our subsidiaries in Europe and other subsidiaries in Asia is the U.S. Dollar. Therefore, we believe market risk is mitigated since these operations are not materially exposed to foreign exchange fluctuations.

Item 4 — Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) (who is our principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) (who is our principal financial officer), conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the last fiscal quarter (i.e., September 30, 2015). The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2015, our CEO and CFO concluded, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Accordingly, management, including the CEO and CFO, recognizes our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. The design of a control system must reflect the fact there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any control’s effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.

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Vicor Corporation

September 30, 2015

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2015, that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Vicor Corporation

Part II – Other Information

September 30, 2015

Item 1 — Legal Proceedings

See Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 –“Financial Statements.”

Item 1A — Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in the risk factors described in Part I, Item 1A – “Risk Factors” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.

Item 6 — Exhibits

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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