VYCOR MEDICAL INC - Annual Report: 2020 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission file number: 001-34932

VYCOR MEDICAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

951 Broken Sound Boulevard, Suite, 320 Boca Raton, FL 33487

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone Number: (561) 558-2000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. [  ] Yes [X] No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. [  ] Yes [X] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [  ] No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “non-accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [  ] Yes [X] No

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. $1,482,453 (assuming $0.14 per share)

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date 27,898,200 shares of common stock par value $0.0001 as of March 30, 2021

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: NONE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

This Form 10-K contains some forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding, among other things, (a) our projected sales, profitability, and cash flows, (b) our growth strategies, (c) anticipated trends in our industries, (d) our future financing plans and (e) our anticipated needs for working capital. They are generally identifiable by use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plans,” “potential,” “projects,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expects,” “management believes,” “we believe,” “we intend” or the negative of these words or other variations on these words or comparable terminology. These statements may be found under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business,” as well as in this Form 10-K generally. In particular, these include statements relating to future actions, prospective products or product approvals, future performance or results of current and anticipated products, sales efforts, expenses, the outcome of contingencies such as legal proceedings, and financial results.

Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this report may turn out to be inaccurate. They can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks or uncertainties. Consequently, no forward-looking statement can be guaranteed. Actual future results may vary materially as a result of various factors, including, without limitation, the risks outlined under “Risk Factors” and matters described in this Form 10-K generally. In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements contained in this filing will in fact occur. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and, except to the extent required by federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as the result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

ITEM 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS.

1. Organizational History

The Company was formed as a limited liability company under the laws of the State of New York on June 17, 2005 as “Vycor Medical LLC”. On August 14, 2007, we converted into a Delaware corporation and changed our name to “Vycor Medical, Inc.”. The Company’s listing went effective on February 2009 and on November 29, 2010 Vycor completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of NovaVision, Inc. (“NovaVision”) and on January 4, 2012 Vycor, through its wholly-owned NovaVision subsidiary, completed the acquisition of all the shares of Sight Science Limited (“Sight Science”), a previous competitor to NovaVision.

2. Overview of Business

Vycor is dedicated to providing the medical community with innovative and superior surgical and therapeutic solutions and operates two distinct business units within the medical device industry. Vycor Medical designs, develops and markets medical devices for use in neurosurgery. NovaVision provides non-invasive rehabilitation therapies for those who have vision disorders resulting from neurological brain damage such as that caused by a stroke. Both businesses adopt a minimally or non-invasive approach. Both technologies have strong sales growth potential, address large potential markets and have the requisite regulatory approvals. The Company has 65 issued or allowed patents and a further 9 pending. The Company leverages joint resources across the divisions to operate in a cost-efficient manner.

The Company periodically engages in discussions with potential strategic partners for or purchasers of each or both of our operating divisions. In April 2020, the board of Vycor took the decision to close the German operations of NovaVision, including the German office and NovaVision GmbH, and instead migrate to a licensed business model; Vycor entered into a license agreement and transition agreement (the “Agreements”) with HelferApp GmbH, a cognitive therapy specialist, effective July 1, 2020. Under the Agreements, HelferApp is licensed to provide NovaVision’s products and therapies in Germany, Austria and Switzerland to patients and professionals; and has assumed responsibility for the current patients of NovaVision in the territory. The NovaVision German office was closed effective June 30, 2020.

Vycor Medical

Vycor Medical designs, develops and markets medical devices for use in neurosurgery. Vycor Medical’s ViewSite Brain Access System (“VBAS”) is a next generation retraction and access system that was fully commercialized in early 2010 and is the first significant technological change to brain tissue retraction in over 50 years in contrast to significant development in most other neuro-surgical technologies. Vycor Medical is ISO 13485:2016 and MDSAP (Medical Device Single Audit Program) certified, and VBAS has U.S. FDA 510(k) clearance and CE Marking for Europe (Class III) for brain and spine surgeries, and regulatory approvals in a number of other international markets. Vycor Medical has 27 granted and 9 pending patents.

NovaVision

NovaVision provides non-invasive, computer-based rehabilitation therapies targeted at people who have impaired vision as a result of stroke or other brain injury, and has 38 granted patents.

Strategy

The Company is continuing to execute on a plan to achieve revenue growth and a reduction in cash operating losses¹. For Vycor Medical this plan includes: increasing market penetration in the US; increasing international growth in territories where we are not represented or under represented and continued new product development. In the US the Company is focused on increasing market penetration through targeting neurosurgeons systematically, both through its distribution network and also directly by leveraging existing KOL neurosurgeon VBAS supporters to access new neurosurgeon users.

The Company continues to target key international territories including Europe where it intends to drive adoption of its VBAS product through selected key KOL neurosurgeon VBAS users to identify both new potential users and also high quality distribution partners to bolster our existing network.

The Company has for some time been working to better integrate its VBAS with neuronavigation. The first phase of the modification of the existing VBAS product range was completed in September 2017 and has been well received by surgeons. The second phase involves the introduction of an optional Alignment Clip accessory that will snap onto the VBAS and allow for a neuronavigation pointer to be fully integrated with the VBAS. This VBAS AC model range has received FDA 510(k) clearance and is in the final review stage for EU clearance; it is envisaged that it will be available by the summer of 2021. The Company will continue to work with neuronavigation companies to seek ways to further integrate the VBAS with neuronavigation and with other companies with complementary technologies used in neurosurgery. We will also be exploring with surgeons and focus groups additional selected development work targeted at increasing the ease and applicability of our products to additional common procedures.

For NovaVision, given the company’s resources, and the large size and diversity of its end markets, we believe that the most efficient way to tackle the distribution of its broad range of patient and professional products is by partnering with entities in selected geographies that have either direct access to the end users or a desire and financial wherewithal to leverage the NovaVision therapy platform. As a result, the Company has now closed the NovaVision German office and is entering into a license agreement with HelferApp, a cognitive therapy specialist, for Germany, Austria and Switzerland, and is seeking similar partnerships in other territories with regional companies able to leverage NovaVision’s clinically supported vision therapies. Management is also open to a broad range of alternatives for NovaVision as a whole, which could comprise distribution and marketing partnerships, licensing, merger or sale.

The NovaVision German operation accounted for a very substantial proportion of Vycor’s operating cash loss¹ during the year ended December 31, 2019. This proportion has been reduced during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 for two reasons: firstly, the selling, general and administrative expenses of NovaVision Germany have been reduced as the operation has been wound down; and secondly due to the impact on Vycor revenues from Covid-19 discussed below.

COVID-19

Vycor Medical experienced a reduction in demand during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 in the US and Europe, particularly in the second quarter, with some recovery in the third and fourth quarters. Although neurosurgery is not considered an elective procedure, general hospital dislocation and diversion of resources away from non-emergency surgeries, or surgeries that can be postponed for a short period without harm, has impacted our revenues during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and could continue to do so. In addition, sales and marketing efforts by Vycor’s representatives have been disrupted or curtailed due to lockdown and social distancing, and this has and may continue to hinder the recovery of revenues. While our operations are principally located in the United States, and our sub-contract manufacturers are located in the United States, we participate in a global supply chain, and COVID-19 may impact our ability to conduct normal business operations, which could adversely affect our results of operations and liquidity. Disruptions to our supply chain and business operations, or to our suppliers’ or customers’ supply chains and business operations, could include disruptions from supplier staff absences due to COVID-19 illness or isolation requirements, the closure of supplier and manufacturer facilities, interruptions in the supply of raw materials and components, or restrictions on the shipment of our or our suppliers’ or customers’ products, any of which could have adverse ripple effects on our manufacturing output and delivery schedule. Although we have implemented business continuity plans for our offices and personnel to enable continuity of service remotely, if a critical number of our employees become too ill to work, or we are not able to access a sufficient quantity of our inventory for shipment due to enforced office closures, our production ability could be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Similarly, if our customers experience adverse business consequences due to COVID-19, or any other, pandemic, demand for our products could also be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Global health concerns, such as COVID-19, could also result in social, economic, and labor instability in the countries and localities in which we or our suppliers and customers operate. Any of these uncertainties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

¹ Operating Loss before Depreciation, Amortization and non-cash Stock Compensation

Manufacturing

Vycor Medical uses a sub-contract manufacturer to manufacture, package, label and sterilize its VBAS products. The Company has migrated all its VBAS manufacturing to Life Science Outsourcing, Inc. in Brea, California that is FDA-registered, ISO 13485:2016 certified and meets other applicable ISO standards and certifications.

Intellectual Property

Trademarks

VYCOR MEDICAL is a registered trademark and VIEWSITE is a common law trademark.

NovaVision maintains a portfolio of registered trademarks for NOVAVISION, NOVAVISION VRT, VRT VISION RESTORATION THERAPY and NEUROEYECOACH, amongst others, along with relevant logos, both in the US and internationally.

3. Other Matters

Product Liability Insurance

We presently have Product Liability insurance for Vycor Medical and Professional Liability insurance NovaVision.

Government Regulations

We are committed to an integrated total quality management system. We believe that we have completed the necessary procedures and Vycor Medical is certified to the ISO standards expected of medical device manufacturers as follows:

ISO 13485:2016 Medical Devices — Quality Management Systems

The certification of a quality management system to ISO 1348:2016, specifically for medical devices, is advantageous and often essential for medical companies to export their products to the global market, as well as maintain and enter into certain agreements and business growth opportunities within the U.S. For example, Canada requires that medical device manufacturers marketing their products in Canada must have a quality system certified to ISO 13485:2016 and from January 1, 2019 also be certified to MDSAP. The certification is also required for placement of branded devices into the European Union.

Vycor Medical has the following certification/licensing:

Vycor Medical’s VBAS and VBAS AC have been classified as Class II products by the FDA and cleared for marketing through the 510(k) process. NovaVision’s VRT product has been cleared as a Class U product through the 510(k) while its NeuroEyeCoach is registered as an exempt Class 1 device.

Vycor Medical has CE marking approval to allow for distribution of its VBAS products in Europe as a Class III device and has a Health Canada Medical Device License (MDL) for distribution in Canada as a Class II device; both of these clearances are pending for its VBAS AC device. VBAS also has regulatory approvals in a number of other international markets. NovaVison’s VRT, NeuroEyeCoach and Sight Science’s NeET have CE mark registrations as Class I devices in Europe.

Employees

We currently have 6 employees.

Website.

The Company operates websites at www.vycormedical.com, www.vycorvbas.com, www.novavision.com and www.sightscience.com. NovaVision’s German partner, HelferApp, maintains the www.novavision.de website

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Smaller reporting companies are not required to provide the information required by this item. Notwithstanding, in addition to risk factors highlighted in previous reports, the Company adds the following additional risk factor:

We do not yet know the extent we could be affected by the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic

Vycor Medical experienced a reduction in demand during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 in the US and Europe, particularly in the second quarter, with some recovery in the third and fourth quarters. Although neurosurgery is not considered an elective procedure, general hospital dislocation and diversion of resources away from non-emergency surgeries, or surgeries that can be postponed for a short period without harm, has impacted our revenues during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and could continue to do so. In addition, sales and marketing efforts by Vycor’s representatives have been disrupted or curtailed due to lockdown and social distancing, and this has and may continue to hinder the recovery of revenues. While our operations are principally located in the United States, and our sub-contract manufacturers are located in the United States, we participate in a global supply chain, and COVID-19 may impact our ability to conduct normal business operations, which could adversely affect our results of operations and liquidity. Disruptions to our supply chain and business operations, or to our suppliers’ or customers’ supply chains and business operations, could include disruptions from supplier staff absences due to COVID-19 illness or isolation requirements, the closure of supplier and manufacturer facilities, interruptions in the supply of raw materials and components, or restrictions on the shipment of our or our suppliers’ or customers’ products, any of which could have adverse ripple effects on our manufacturing output and delivery schedule. Although we have implemented business continuity plans for our offices and personnel to enable continuity of service remotely, if a critical number of our employees become too ill to work, or we are not able to access a sufficient quantity of our inventory for shipment due to enforced office closures, our production ability could be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Similarly, if our customers experience adverse business consequences due to COVID-19, or any other, pandemic, demand for our products could also be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Global health concerns, such as COVID-19, could also result in social, economic, and labor instability in the countries and localities in which we or our suppliers and customers operate. Any of these uncertainties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

N/A

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The Company leases office space located at 951 Broken Sound Parkway, Suite 320, Boca Raton, FL 33487 from WPT Land 2 L.P., for a rent of approximately $4,000 per month plus other charges of approximately $1,500 per month. The lease terminates September 30, 2020 and has been extended for a further three years to August 31, 2023. The Company’s subsidiary in Germany occupied premises on a short-term lease agreement of EUR 1,650 per month (approximately $1,820) for the period January to July 2020.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are subject from time to time to litigation, claims and suits arising in the ordinary course of business. As of the date of this Annual Report, we were not a party to any material litigation, claim or suit whose outcome could have a material effect on our financial statements.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

MARKET INFORMATION

Beginning on July 20, 2009, our Common Stock was quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “VYCO”.

The market price of our common stock, like that of other early stage medical device companies, is highly volatile and is subject illiquidity and to fluctuations in response to variations in operating results, announcements of technological innovations or new products, or other events or factors. Our stock price may also be affected by broader market trends unrelated to our performance.

Holders

As of March 30, 2021 and March 30, 2020 there were 28,001,534 and 27,898,200 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, respectively, and approximately 150 stockholders of record.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

Our transfer agent is EQ by Equiniti, 3200 Cherry Creek Dr. South Suite 430 Denver, CO 80209; telephone (303) 282-4800.

Dividend Policy

We have never paid any cash dividends on our Common Stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our Common Stock in the foreseeable future. We intend to retain future earnings to fund ongoing operations and future capital requirements of our business. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will be dependent upon our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and such other factors as the Board of Directors deems relevant. The Company’s Series D Convertible Preferred Stock bears a 12% per annum dividend payable in cash or Series D Preferred Stock at the option of the Company.

RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES

Below is a list of securities sold by us from January 1, 2020 through March 30, 2021 which were not registered under the Securities Act

Common Stock:

The securities issued in the above mentioned transactions were issued in connection with private placements exempt from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to the terms of Section 4(2) of that Act and Rule 506 of Regulation D.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Not applicable

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2020 to the Year Ended December 31, 2019

Revenue and Gross Margin:

Vycor Medical recorded revenue of $1,039,562 from the sale of its products for the year ended December 31, 2020, a decrease of $260,268 (or 20%) over 2019. Sales of VBAS devices have been significantly disrupted during 2020 in the US and internationally by COVID-19. Although neurosurgery is not considered an elective procedure, general hospital dislocation and diversion of resources away from non-emergency surgeries, or surgeries that can be postponed for a short period without harm, has impacted our revenues during the year ended December 31, 2020. In addition, sales and marketing efforts by Vycor’s representatives have been disrupted or curtailed due to lockdown and social distancing, and this has hindered the recovery of revenues.

Gross margin of 88% was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to 90% in 2019.

NovaVision recorded revenues of $102,483 for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase of $9,413 from 2019, and gross margin of 94%, compared to 93% for 2019. New patient starts increased by 20% for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to 2019.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses:

Selling, General and Administrative expenses decreased by $119,200 to $1,680,447 in 2020 from $1,799,647 in 2019. Included within Selling, General and Administrative Expenses are non-cash charges for share-based compensation as the result of amortizing employee and non-employee shares and options which have been issued by the Company over various periods. The charge for 2020 was $520,000, a decrease of $14,940 from $534,940 in 2019, following the departure from the Board of Oscar Bronsther from July 1, 2020. Also included within Selling, General and Administrative Expenses are Sales Commissions, which decreased by $58,753 to $203,707 reflecting the reduced level of sales in the US due to COVID-19.

The remaining Selling, General and Administrative expenses decreased by $45,507 from $1,002,247 to $956,740. Regulatory fees reduced by $53,311 reflecting the completion of the transition to a new EU Notified Body for Vycor; patent fees reduced by $31,107 reflecting the level of patent filing and prosecution activity in 2019; the professional fees related to the closure of NovaVision Germany and the license agreement resulted accounting and legal fees increasing by $22,123.

An analysis of the change in cash and non-cash G&A is shown in the table below:

Interest Expense:

Interest comprises expense on the Company’s debt and insurance policy financing. Related Party Interest expense for 2020 increased $9,035 following the issuance of related party notes during 2019 and 2020 to $29,682 from $20,647 for 2019. Other Interest expense for 2020 increased by $96 to $48,132 from $48,036 for 2019.

Operating loss from Discontinued Operations:

Operating loss from Discontinued Operations decreased by $71,567 to $52,169 in 2020 from $123,736 in 2019, primarily due to a reduction in Selling, general and administrative expenses as a result of the wind-down of the discontinued operations in Germany.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

The following table shows cash flow and liquidity data for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Operating Activities. Cash used in operating activities comprises net loss adjusted for non-cash items and the effect of changes in working capital and other activities. The net repayment of normal insurance financing should also be taken into account when considering cash used in operating activities.

The following table shows the principal components of cash used in operating activities during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, with a commentary of changes during the years and known or anticipated changes:

The adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used of $590,453 in the year have no impact on Liquidity. The change in Net loss adjusted for non-cash items of ($44,963) was primarily due to the impact of COVID-19 on the Vycor division sales, offset by reduced expenses, primarily regulatory and patent fees. The reduced Vycor division sales also accounts for the reduction in accounts receivable of $115,313. At December 31, 2019 there was an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities mainly due to expenditure on regulatory for the transition to a new EU Notified Body, and regulatory and testing for the VBAS development occurring during the fourth quarter. The reduction in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $182,319 was mainly due to the settlement of these accounts during the year. The net change of $59,071 in discontinued operations comprised: a reduction of $78,611 in liabilities being transferred to the license partner, or to NovaVision, Inc. or eliminated; offset by a $19,540 reduction in assets being transferred to the license partner, or to NovaVision, Inc. or written off.

Additional inventory of $78,076 was purchased during the year ended December 31, 2020 as part of normal production, and the Company anticipates purchasing additional new inventory of approximately $125,000 during the next twelve months for VBAS and VBAS AC. In January 2020 the Company received FDA 510(k) clearance for its new VBAS AC model range, and is in the technical review stage for EU clearance. The VBAS AC provides significantly greater integration with IGS by enabling an IGS pointer to be held securely within the device.

Investing Activities. Cash used in investing activities of continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $62,052, which primarily reflected expenditure on the VBAS AC. The Company anticipates additional expenditures for the VBAS AC, including work to obtain regulatory clearances and approvals and bringing the model into service, of approximately $30,000. The $9,574 change in investing activities of discontinued operations was due the writing off of long term assets.

Financing Activities. During the year ended December 31, 2020 the Company received funds of $80,000 in respect of loans from Fountainhead. The Company also received a loan of $58,600 during the year, pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”) under Division A, Title I of the CARES Act, and a $150,000 loan from the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) EIDL program. The Company received an additional PPP loan of $58,600 in January 2021.

Liquidity and Plan of Operations, Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred losses since its inception, including a net loss of $822,482 and $796,202 for the years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively and has not generated sufficient cash flows from operations. As at December 31, 2020 the Company had a working capital deficiency of $593,971, excluding related party liabilities of $1,682,956. As a result these conditions, among others, raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty

As described earlier in this ITEM 1 “Strategy”, the Company is continuing to execute on a plan to achieve revenue growth and a reduction in cash operating losses². For Vycor Medical this plan includes: increasing market penetration in the US; increasing international growth in territories where we are not represented or under represented and continued new product development. In the US the Company is focused on increasing market penetration through targeting neurosurgeons systematically, both through its distribution network and also directly by leveraging existing KOL neurosurgeon VBAS supporters to access new neurosurgeon users. The Company continues to target key international territories including Europe where it intends to drive adoption of its VBAS product through selected key KOL neurosurgeon VBAS users to identify both new potential users and also high quality distribution partners to bolster our existing network. The Company has for some time been working to better integrate its VBAS with neuronavigation. The first phase of the modification of the existing VBAS product range was completed in September 2017 and has been well received by surgeons. The second phase involves the introduction of an optional Alignment Clip accessory that will snap onto the VBAS and allow for a neuronavigation pointer to be fully integrated with the VBAS. This VBAS AC model range has received FDA 510(k) clearance and is in the final review stage for EU clearance; it is envisaged that it will be available by the summer of 2021. The Company will continue to work with neuronavigation companies to seek ways to further integrate the VBAS with neuronavigation and with other companies with complementary technologies used in neurosurgery. We will also be exploring with surgeons and focus groups additional selected development work targeted at increasing the ease and applicability of our products to additional common procedures. For NovaVision, given the company’s resources, and the large size and diversity of its end markets, we believe that the most efficient way to tackle the distribution of its broad range of patient and professional products is by partnering with entities in selected geographies that have either direct access to the end users or a desire and financial wherewithal to leverage the NovaVision therapy platform. As a result, the Company has now closed the NovaVision German office and entered into a license agreement with HelferApp, a cognitive therapy specialist, for Germany, Austria and Switzerland, and is seeking similar partnerships in other territories with regional companies able to leverage NovaVision’s clinically supported vision therapies. Management is also open to a broad range of alternatives for NovaVision as a whole, which could comprise distribution and marketing partnerships, licensing, merger or sale.

However, the Company believes it may not have sufficient cash to meet its various cash needs through March 31, 2021 unless the Company is able to obtain additional cash from the issuance of debt or equity securities. Included within the working capital deficiency above is a term note for $300,000 to EuroAmerican Investment Corp. (“EuroAmerican”), together with accrued interest of $328,897, which has a maturity date of June 30, 2021, having been extended on a number of occasions from its initial due date of June 11, 2011. At this time it is not known whether any further extension of the note beyond June 30, 2021 will be available. Fountainhead, the Company’s largest shareholder, has provided working capital funding to the Company on an as-needed basis, although there is no guarantee that this will continue to be the case. The Company may consider seeking additional equity or debt funding, although there is no assurance that this would be available on acceptable terms or at all. If adequate funds are not available, the Company may have to delay or curtail development or commercialization of products, or cease some of its operations.

Vycor Medical experienced a reduction in demand during the year ended December 31, 2020 in the US and Europe, particularly in the second quarter, with some recovery in the third and fourth quarters. Although neurosurgery is not considered an elective procedure, general hospital dislocation and diversion of resources away from non-emergency surgeries, or surgeries that can be postponed for a short period without harm, has impacted our revenues during the year ended December 31, 2020 and could continue to do so. In addition, sales and marketing efforts by Vycor’s representatives have been disrupted or curtailed due to lockdown and social distancing, and this has and may continue to hinder the recovery of revenues. While our operations are principally located in the United States, and our sub-contract manufacturers are located in the United States, we participate in a global supply chain, and COVID-19 may impact our ability to conduct normal business operations, which could adversely affect our results of operations and liquidity. Disruptions to our supply chain and business operations, or to our suppliers’ or customers’ supply chains and business operations, could include disruptions from supplier staff absences due to COVID-19 illness or isolation requirements, the closure of supplier and manufacturer facilities, interruptions in the supply of raw materials and components, or restrictions on the shipment of our or our suppliers’ or customers’ products, any of which could have adverse ripple effects on our manufacturing output and delivery schedule. Although we have implemented business continuity plans for our offices and personnel to enable continuity of service remotely, if a critical number of our employees become too ill to work, or we are not able to access a sufficient quantity of our inventory for shipment due to enforced office closures, our production ability could be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Similarly, if our customers experience adverse business consequences due to COVID-19, or any other, pandemic, demand for our products could also be materially adversely affected in a rapid manner. Global health concerns, such as COVID-19, could also result in social, economic, and labor instability in the countries and localities in which we or our suppliers and customers operate. Any of these uncertainties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

² Operating Loss or Profit before Depreciation, Amortization and non-cash Stock Compensation

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2020, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements.

Seasonality

Our operating results are not affected by seasonality.

Inflation

Our business and operating results are not affected in any material way by inflation.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Accounting for forgivable loan received under the Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program

During the year ended December 31, 2020 the Company received a loan of $58,600 pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”) under Division A, Title I of the CARES Act. Under the terms of the PPP, the Loan may be forgiven if they are used for qualifying expenses as described in the CARES Act. The Company’s use of the Loan qualifies and the Company intends to apply during 2021.

The Company accounts for the loan as a financial liability in accordance with FASB ASC 470 and accrues interest in accordance with the interest method under FASB ASC 835-30. For purposes of derecognition of the liability, FASB ASC 470-50-15-4 refers to guidance in FASB ASC 405-20. Based on this guidance, the proceeds of the loan will remain recorded as a liability until either (1) the loan is, in part or wholly, forgiven and the Company has been “legally released”, or (2) the Company pays off the loan. Once the loan is, in part or wholly, forgiven and legal release is received, the Company will reduce the liability by the amount forgiven and record a gain on the extinguishment.

The Company received an additional PPP loan of $58,600 in January 2021.

Uses of estimates in the preparation of financial statements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimated. To the extent management’s estimates prove to be incorrect, financial results for future periods may be adversely affected. Significant estimates and assumptions contained in the accompanying consolidated financial statements include management’s estimate of the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, provision for inventory obsolescence, useful life of intangible assets, and the fair values of options and warrant included in the determination of debt discounts and stock based compensation.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company maintains cash balances at various financial institutions. Accounts at each institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000. Cash balances may at times exceed the FDIC insured limits. Cash also includes a US investment account in a money market backed by government securities up to 105% of the account balance. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Included within cash are deposits paid by patients, held by the Company until the patient returns the VRT device or chinrest at the end of therapy. At December 31, 2020 and 2019 patient deposits amounted to $28,704 and $24,601, respectively, and are included in Accrued Liabilities.

Fixed assets

The Company records fixed assets at cost and calculates depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the assets, which is estimated to be between three and seven years. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged to expense when incurred. Replacements and major renewals are capitalized.

Leases

The Company has one leased building in Boca Raton, Florida that is classified as operating lease right-of use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as per ASC 842. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date for leases exceeding 12 months. Minimum lease payments include only the fixed lease component of the agreement. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is included in cost of Selling, General and Administrative expenses.

The standard was effective for us beginning January 1, 2019. The Company elected the available practical expedients on adoption. The adoption had a material impact on our consolidated balance sheets, but did not have a material impact on our consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases.

Income taxes

We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes.” Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current year and (ii) deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if based on the weight of the available positive and negative evidence, it is more likely than not some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

ASC Topic 740.10.30 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC Topic 740.10.40 provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. We have no material uncertain tax positions for any of the reporting periods presented.

Patents and Other Intangible Assets

The Company capitalizes legal and related costs associated with the establishment and enhancement of patents for its products once patents have been applied for. Costs associated with the development of the patented item or processes are charged to research and development costs as incurred. The capitalized costs are amortized over the life of the patent. The Company reviews intangible assets on an annual basis in accordance with the authoritative guidance. Trademarks have an indefinite life and are reviewed annually by management for impairment in accordance with the authoritative guidance.

Software Development Costs

The authoritative accounting guidance requires software development costs to be capitalized upon completion of the preliminary project stage. Accordingly, direct internal and external costs associated with the development of the features and functionality of the Company’s software, incurred during the application development stage, are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated life of five years.

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new accounting standard, ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and all the related amendments (new revenue standard) to all contracts. The adoption of the new accounting standard had no impact on company’s consolidated financial statements.

Vycor Medical generates revenue from the sale of its surgical access system to hospitals and other medical professionals. Vycor Medical records revenue from product sales when obligations under the terms of a contract with customers are satisfied. Generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of the goods to customers. Vycor Medical does not provide for product returns or warranty costs.

Vycor determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

NovaVision generates revenues from various programs, therapy services and other sources such as software license sales. Therapy services revenues represent fees from NovaVision’s vision restoration therapy software, eye movement training software, diagnostic software, clinic set up and training fees, and the professional and support services associated with the therapy. NovaVision provides vision restoration therapy directly to patients. The typical therapy program consists of NeuroEyeCoach, performed over 2-4 weeks, and six modules of Vision Restoration Therapy, performed over 6 months. A patient contract comprises set-up fees and monthly therapy fees. Set-up fees are recognized at the outset of the contract and therapy revenue is recognized ratably over the therapy period. Patient therapy is restricted to being completed by a patient within a specified time frame.

Deferred revenue results from patients paying for the therapy in advance of receiving the therapy.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable

The Company’s accounts receivable are due from the hospitals and distributors in the case of Vycor Medical, and from patients directly for therapy or physicians for diagnostic products in the case of NovaVision. Accounts receivable are due once products have been delivered or at the time the therapy is initiated; however, for NovaVision therapy patients sometimes credit is extended through various payment plans based on individual financial conditions, generally not to exceed the 9 or 10 month therapy period. The outstanding balances are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts.

We have a policy of reserving for uncollectible accounts based on our best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable. We extend credit to our customers based on an evaluation of their financial condition and other factors. We generally do not require collateral or other security to support accounts receivable. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and maintain an allowance for potential bad debts if required. We determine whether an allowance for doubtful accounts is required by evaluating specific accounts where information indicates the customers may have an inability to meet financial obligations. In these cases, we use assumptions and judgment, based on the best available facts and circumstances, to record a specific allowance for those customers against amounts due to reduce the receivable to the amount expected to be collected. These specific allowances are re-evaluated and adjusted as additional information is received. The amounts calculated are analyzed to determine the total amount of the allowance. We may also record a general allowance as necessary. Direct write-offs are taken in the period when we have exhausted our efforts to collect overdue and unpaid receivables or otherwise evaluate other circumstances that indicate that we should abandon such efforts.

Inventory

Inventories are stated at the weighted average cost method. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price, in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs to complete and dispose of the product. If the Company identifies excess, obsolete or unsalable items, its inventories are written down to their realizable value in the period in which the impairment is first identified. The provision for inventory for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $12,558, respectively. Shipping and handling costs incurred for inventory purchases and product shipments are recorded in cost of sales.

Discontinued Operations

In accordance with ASU No. 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity, a disposal of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity is required to be reported as discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results when the components of an entity meets the criteria in paragraph 205-20-45-1E to be classified as held for sale. When all of the criteria to be classified as held for sale are met, including management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the entity, the major current assets, other assets, current liabilities, and noncurrent liabilities shall be reported as components of total assets and liabilities separate from those balances of the continuing operations. At the same time, the results of all discontinued operations (which we presented as operations to be disposed and operations disposed), less applicable income taxes (benefit), shall be reported as components of net income (loss) separate from the net income (loss) of continuing operations in accordance with ASC 205-20-45.

Foreign Currency

The Euro is the local currency of the country in which the discontinued operations of NovaVision GmbH conducted its operations and is considered the functional currency of this entity; the GB Pound is the local currency of the country in which Sight Science Limited conducts its operations and is considered the functional currency of this entity. All balance sheet amounts are translated to U.S. dollars using the U.S. exchange rate at the balance sheet date except for the equity section which is translated at historical rates. Operating statement amounts are translated using an average exchange rate for the period of operations. Foreign currency translation effects are accumulated as part of the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and included in stockholders’ deficiency in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Educational marketing and advertising expenses

The Company may incur costs for the education of customers on the uses and benefits of its products. The Company will include education, marketing and advertising expense as a component of selling, general and administrative costs as such costs are incurred.

Stock Compensation

The Company recognizes the cost of all stock-based payments under the relevant authoritative accounting guidance. Stock-based payments include any remuneration paid by the Company in shares of the Company’s common stock or financial instruments that grant the recipient the right to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock. For stock-based payments to employees, which consist only of awards made under the stock option plan described below, the Company accounts for the payments in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718, “Stock Compensation”. Stock-based payments to consultants, service providers and other non-employees are accounted for under in accordance with ASC Topic 718, ASC Topic 505, “Equity Payments to Non-Employees” or other applicable authoritative guidance.

Contractual Obligations

As a “smaller reporting company” as defined by Item 10 of Regulation S-K, the Company is not required to provide this information.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

As a “smaller reporting company” as defined by Item 10 of Regulation S-K, the Company is not required to provide this information.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

The financial information required by Item 8 begins on the following page.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of

Vycor Medical, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Vycor Medical, Inc. (“the Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, stockholders’ deficiency, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has incurred net losses since inception, including a net loss of $822,482 and $796,202 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively, and has not generated cash flows from its operations. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had working capital deficiency of $593,970, excluding related party liabilities of $1,682,956. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regards to these matters are described in Note 1 to the financial statements. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. 

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Net operating loss carryforward and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

As discussed in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements, the company is subject to taxation and files income tax returns in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2020, the total amount of net operating loss carryforward in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions was approximately $20.8 million. The company recorded a deferred tax asset from net operating loss carryforward of approximately $4.5 million. Management determined that it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized and a full valuation allowance of approximately $4.5 million was recorded on December 31, 2020.

Auditing management’s evaluation of whether a deferred tax asset is more likely than not to be used and the measurement of the benefit of various tax jurisdictions can be complex, involves significant judgment, and is based on interpretations of tax laws and legal rulings in different jurisdictions.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the financial statements. These procedures included 1) testing the tax reconciliation to the annual corporate tax filings, 2) evaluating the appropriateness and consistency of management’s methods and assumptions used in identification, recognition, measurement and disclosure of the income tax, deferred asset and valuation allowance and 3) evaluating the reasonableness of management’s estimates by considering how tax law, including statutes and regulations impacted management’s judgement.

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2018.

Hackensack, New Jersey

March 31, 2021

VYCOR MEDICAL, INC.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

VYCOR MEDICAL, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

VYCOR MEDICAL, INC.

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Deficiency

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

VYCOR MEDICAL, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

VYCOR MEDICAL, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY AND GOING CONCERN

Business Description

Vycor Medical, Inc. (the “Company”) designs, develops and markets neurological medical devices and therapies through two operating divisions: Vycor Medical and NovaVision. Vycor Medical focuses on brain and cervical surgical access systems for sale to hospitals and medical professionals; NovaVision focuses on neuro-stimulation therapies and diagnostic devices for the treatment and screening of vision field loss resulting from neurological damage.

Ability to continue as a Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred losses since its inception, including a net loss of $822,482 and $796,202 for the years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and has not generated sufficient cash flows from operations. As at December 31, 2020 the Company had a working capital deficiency of $593,971, excluding related party liabilities of $1,682,956. These conditions, among others, raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

The Company is executing on a plan to achieve a reduction in cash operating losses for both the Vycor Medical and NovaVision divisions. Included within the working capital deficiency above is a term note for $300,000 to EuroAmerican Investment Corp. (“EuroAmerican”), together with accrued interest of $328,897, which has a maturity date of June 30, 2021, having been extended on a number of occasions from its initial due date of June 11, 2011. At this time, it is not known whether any further extension of the note beyond June 30, 2021 will be available. However, the Company believes it may not have sufficient cash to meet its various cash needs through March 31, 2021 unless the Company is able to obtain additional cash from the issuance of debt or equity securities. Fountainhead, the Company’s largest shareholder, has provided working capital funding to the Company on an as-needed basis, although there is no guarantee that this will continue to be the case. The Company may consider seeking additional equity or debt funding, although there is no assurance that this would be available on acceptable terms or at all. If adequate funds are not available, the Company may have to delay or curtail development or commercialization of products, or cease some of its operations

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Vycor Medical, Inc., and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, NovaVision, Inc. (a Delaware corporation), NovaVision GmbH (a German corporation) and Sight Science Limited (a UK corporation), both wholly owned subsidiaries of NovaVision, Inc. The Company is headquartered in Boca Raton, FL. All material inter-company accounts, transactions, and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Following the decision in April 2020 to close the German office of NovaVision, the activities of NovaVision GmbH have been accounted for as discontinued operations.

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and all the related amendments (new revenue standard) to all contracts. The adoption of the new accounting standard had no impact on company’s consolidated financial statements.

Vycor Medical generates revenue from the sale of its surgical access system to hospitals and other medical professionals. Vycor Medical records revenue from product sales when obligations under the terms of a contract with customers are satisfied. Generally, this occurs with the transfer of control of the goods to customers. Vycor Medical does not provide for product returns or warranty costs.

Vycor determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

NovaVision generates revenues from various programs, therapy services and other sources such as software license sales. Therapy services revenues represent fees from NovaVision’s vision restoration therapy software, eye movement training software, diagnostic software, clinic set up and training fees, and the professional and support services associated with the therapy. NovaVision provides vision restoration therapy directly to patients. The typical therapy program consists of NeuroEyeCoach, performed over 2-4 weeks, and six modules of Vision Restoration Therapy, performed over 6 months. A patient contract comprises set-up fees and monthly therapy fees. Set-up fees are recognized at the outset of the contract and therapy revenue is recognized ratably over the therapy period. Patient therapy is restricted to being completed by a patient within a specified time frame.

Deferred revenue results from patients paying for the therapy in advance of receiving the therapy.

As part of the adoption of ASC 606, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further disaggregation of revenue.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company maintains cash balances at various financial institutions. Accounts at each institution in the U.S. are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000. Cash balances may at times exceed the FDIC insured limits. Cash also includes a US investment account in a money market backed by government securities up to 105% of the account balance. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Included within cash are deposits paid by patients, held by the Company until the patient returns the VRT device or chinrest at the end of therapy. At December 31, 2020 and 2019 patient deposits amounted to $28,704 and $24,601, respectively, and are included in Accrued Liabilities.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable

The Company’s accounts receivable are due from the hospitals and distributors in the case of Vycor Medical, and from patients directly for therapy or physicians for diagnostic products in the case of NovaVision. Accounts receivable are due once products have been delivered or at the time the therapy is initiated; however, for NovaVision therapy patients sometimes credit is extended through various payment plans based on individual financial conditions, generally not to exceed the therapy period. The outstanding balances are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts.

We have a policy of reserving for uncollectible accounts based on our best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in our existing accounts receivable. We extend credit to our customers based on an evaluation of their financial condition and other factors. We generally do not require collateral or other security to support accounts receivable. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and maintain an allowance for potential bad debts if required. We determine whether an allowance for doubtful accounts is required by evaluating specific accounts where information indicates the customers may have an inability to meet financial obligations. In these cases, we use assumptions and judgment, based on the best available facts and circumstances, to record a specific allowance for those customers against amounts due to reduce the receivable to the amount expected to be collected. These specific allowances are re-evaluated and adjusted as additional information is received. The amounts calculated are analyzed to determine the total amount of the allowance. We may also record a general allowance as necessary. Direct write-offs are taken in the period when we have exhausted our efforts to collect overdue and unpaid receivables or otherwise evaluate other circumstances that indicate that we should abandon such efforts.

Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials, work in process and finished goods that are stated at the lower of cost determined using the weighted average cost method, or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price, in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs to complete and dispose of the product. If the Company identifies excess, obsolete or unsalable items, its inventories are written down to their realizable value in the period in which the impairment is first identified. The provision for inventory obsolescence for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $12,558, respectively. Shipping and handling costs incurred for inventory purchases and product shipments are recorded in cost of sales in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Leases

The Company has one leased building in Boca Raton, Florida that is classified as operating lease right-of use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as per ASC 842. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date for leases exceeding 12 months. Minimum lease payments include only the fixed lease component of the agreement. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is included in cost of Selling, General and Administrative expenses.

The standard was effective for us beginning January 1, 2019. The Company elected the available practical expedients on adoption. The adoption had a material impact on our consolidated balance sheets, but did not have a material impact on our consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases.

Discontinued Operations

In accordance with ASU No. 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity, a disposal of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity is required to be reported as discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results when the components of an entity meets the criteria in paragraph 205-20-45-1E to be classified as held for sale. When all of the criteria to be classified as held for sale are met, including management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the entity, the major current assets, other assets, current liabilities, and noncurrent liabilities shall be reported as components of total assets and liabilities separate from those balances of the continuing operations. At the same time, the results of all discontinued operations (which we presented as operations to be disposed and operations disposed), less applicable income taxes (benefit), shall be reported as components of net income (loss) separate from the net income (loss) of continuing operations in accordance with ASC 205-20-45.

Foreign Currency

The Euro is the local currency of the country in which the discontinued operations of NovaVision GmbH conducts its operations and is considered the functional currency of this entity; the GB Pound is the local currency of the country in which Sight Science Limited conducts its operations and is considered the functional currency of this entity. All balance sheet amounts are translated to U.S. dollars using the U.S. exchange rate at the balance sheet date except for the equity section which is translated at historical rates. Operating statement amounts are translated using an average exchange rate for the period of operations. Foreign currency translation effects are accumulated as part of the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and included in stockholders’ deficiency in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Educational marketing and advertising expenses

The Company may incur costs for the education of customers on the uses and benefits of its products. The Company will include education, marketing and advertising expense as a component of selling, general and administrative costs as such costs are incurred.

Income taxes

We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes.” Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current year and (ii) deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if based on the weight of the available positive and negative evidence, it is more likely than not some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

ASC Topic 740.10.30 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC Topic 740.10.40 provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. We have no material uncertain tax positions for any of the reporting periods presented.

Accounting for forgivable loan received under the Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program

During the year ended December 31, 2020 the Company received a loan of $58,600 during the year, pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”) under Division A, Title I of the CARES Act. Under the terms of the PPP, the Loan may be forgiven if they are used for qualifying expenses as described in the CARES Act. The Company’s use of the Loan qualifies and the Company intends to apply during 2021.

The Company accounts for the loan as a financial liability in accordance with FASB ASC 470 and accrues interest in accordance with the interest method under FASB ASC 835-30. For purposes of derecognition of the liability, FASB ASC 470-50-15-4 refers to guidance in FASB ASC 405-20. Based on this guidance, the proceeds of the loan will remain recorded as a liability until either (1) the loan is, in part or wholly, forgiven and the Company has been “legally released”, or (2) the Company pays off the loan. Once the loan is, in part or wholly, forgiven and legal release is received, the Company will reduce the liability by the amount forgiven and record a gain on the extinguishment.

The Company received an additional PPP loan of $58,600 in January 2021.

Fixed assets

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided for on a straight-line basis over the useful lives of the assets. Expenditures for additions and improvements are capitalized; repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.

Patents and Other Intangible Assets

The Company capitalizes legal and related costs associated with the establishment and enhancement of patents for its products once patents have been applied for. Costs associated with the development of the patented item or processes are charged to research and development costs as incurred. The capitalized costs are amortized over the life of the patent. The Company reviews intangible assets on an annual in accordance with the authoritative guidance. Trademarks have an indefinite life and are reviewed annually by management for impairment in accordance with the authoritative guidance.

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment when circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. For assets that are to be held and used, impairment is recognized when the estimated undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset or group of assets is less than their carrying value. If impairment exists, an adjustment is made to write the asset down to its fair value, and a loss is recorded as the difference between the carrying value and fair value. Fair values are determined based on quoted market values, discounted cash flows or internal and external appraisals, as applicable. Assets to be disposed of are carried at the lower of carrying value or estimated net realizable value.

Research and Development

The Company expenses all research and development costs as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the amounts charged to research and development expenses were $0 for both years, respectively.

Software Development Costs

The Company accounts for software development costs in accordance with ASC 350-40, whereby all costs incurred during the preliminary stage of a development project should be charged to expense as incurred. Capitalization of costs begins after the preliminary stage has been completed, management commits to funding the project, it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be used for its intended function. All post-implementation costs are charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, direct internal and external costs associated with the development of the features and functionality of the Company’s software, incurred during the application development stage, are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method of the estimated life of five years. There was no capitalized for software development during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Uses of estimates in the preparation of financial statements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimated. To the extent management’s estimates prove to be incorrect, financial results for future periods may be adversely affected. Significant estimates and assumptions contained in the accompanying consolidated financial statements include management’s estimate of the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, provision for inventory obsolescence, useful life of intangible assets, and the fair values of options and warrants included in the determination of debt discounts and stock-based compensation.

Stock Option Plan

Under ASC Topic 718, the Company estimates the fair value of option awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The grant date fair value is recognized over the option-vesting period, the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award. No compensation cost is recognized for equity instruments for which employees do not render the requisite service. Under these standards, compensation cost for employee cost for employee stock-based awards is based on the estimated grant-date fair value and recognized over the vesting period of the applicable award on a straight-line basis.

Stock Compensation

The Company recognizes the cost of all stock -based payments under the relevant authoritative accounting guidance. Stock-based payments include any remuneration paid by the Company in shares of the Company’s common stock or financial instruments that grant the recipient the right to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock. For stock-based payments to employees, which consist only of awards made under the stock option plan described below, the Company accounts for the payments in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718, “Stock Compensation”. Stock-based payments to consultants, service providers and other non-employees are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 718, ASC Topic 505, “Equity Payments to Non-Employees” or other applicable authoritative guidance.

Convertible Instruments

We evaluate and account for conversion options embedded in convertible instruments in accordance with ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging Activities”.

Applicable GAAP requires companies to bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and account for them as free-standing derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under other GAAP with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument.

We account for convertible instruments (when we have determined that the embedded conversion options should not be bifurcated from their host instruments) as follows: We record when necessary, discounts to convertible notes for the intrinsic value of conversion options embedded in debt instruments based upon the differences between the fair value of the underlying common stock at the commitment date of the note transaction and the effective conversion price embedded in the note. Debt discounts under these arrangements are amortized over the term of the related debt to their stated date of redemption. The embedded conversion option in connection with our convertible debt could not be exercised unless and until we completed a Qualifying Financing transaction. Accordingly, we determined based on authoritative guidance that the embedded conversion option is deemed to be a contingent conversion rather than active conversion option that did not require accounting recognition at the commitment dates of the issuances of the Notes.

Common Stock Purchase Warrants and Other Derivative Financial Instruments

We classify as equity any contracts that require physical settlement or net-share settlement or provide us a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in our own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement) provided that such contracts are indexed to our own stock as defined in ASC 815-40 (“Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity”). We classify as assets or liabilities any contracts that require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if an event occurs and if that event is outside our control) or give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement). We assess classification of our common stock purchase warrants and other free-standing derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities is required.

Fair Value Measurements

We adopted the provisions of ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, which defines fair value as used in numerous accounting pronouncements, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure of fair value measurements.

The estimated fair value of certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses are carried at historical cost basis, which approximates their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying amounts of our short and long-term credit obligations approximate fair value because the effective yields on these obligations, which include contractual interest rates taken together with other features such as concurrent issuances of warrants and/or embedded conversion options, are comparable to rates of returns for instruments of similar credit risk.

ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 — quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable

Level 3 — inputs that are unobservable (for example cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions)

The Company has no Financial instruments measured at Fair value on a recurring basis.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed giving effect to all dilutive potential common shares that were outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential common shares consist of incremental shares issuable upon exercise of stock options and warrants and conversion of preferred stock and convertible debt. Such potentially dilutive shares are excluded when the effect would be to reduce a net loss per share. No dilution adjustment has been made to the weighted average outstanding common shares in the periods presented because the assumed exercise of outstanding options and warrants and the conversion of preferred stock and debt would be anti-dilutive.

The following table sets forth the potential shares of common stock that are not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share:

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

From time to time new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board or other standard setting bodies that may have an impact on the Company’s accounting and reporting. The Company believes that other recently issued accounting pronouncements and other authoritative guidance for which the effective date is in the future will not have an impact on its accounting or reporting or that such impact will not be material to its financial position, results of operations and cash flows when implemented.

3. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

In April 2020, the board of Vycor took the decision to close the German operations of NovaVision, including the German office and NovaVision GmbH, and instead migrate to a licensed business model; in June 2020 Vycor announced that it would be entering into a license agreement and transition agreement (the “Agreements”) with HelferApp GmbH, a cognitive therapy specialist. Under the Agreements, HelferApp is licensed to provide NovaVision’s products and therapies in Germany, Austria and Switzerland to patients and professionals; and has assumed responsibility for the current patients of NovaVision in the territory. The NovaVision German office was closed effective June 30, 2020. The Company will continue to fund the remaining expenses of the German operations, which are non-material, until such a time as NovaVision GmbH will be formally wound up.

Reconciliation of the major line items from discontinued operations that are presented in the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of comprehensive loss are as follows:

Major line items constituting assets and liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets

Major line items constituting loss from discontinued operations

Other income comprises the net of non-cash adjustments made in connection with the Agreements with HelferApp and the closure of the German operation: adjustments for assets and liabilities transferred to HelferApp or NovaVision Inc. or otherwise written off - $10,907; elimination of historic balance for NovaVision GmbH legal expenses funded by NovaVision Inc. - $34,727; and certain accruals for employee costs – ($12,427).

4. INVENTORY

5. LEASE

The Company recognized the following related to a lease in its consolidated balance sheets:

6. NOTES PAYABLE

Related Party Notes Payable consists of: