WideOpenWest, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2018 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-38101

WideOpenWest, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

46-0552948
(IRS Employer
Identification No.)

7887 East Belleview Avenue, Suite 1000
Englewood, Colorado
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

80111
(Zip Code)

(720) 479-3500

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one).

Large accelerated filer o		Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer x (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)		Smaller reporting company o

Emerging Growth Company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock as of May 3, 2018 was 85,282,190

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WIDEOPENWEST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I. Financial Information		1
Item 1:	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	4
	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	5
Item 2:	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	18
Item 3:	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	32
Item 4:	Controls and Procedures	32
PART II.		33
Item 1:	Legal Proceedings	33
Item 1A:	Risk Factors	33
Item 2 :	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	33
Item 3:	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	34
Item 4:	Mine Safety Disclosures	34
Item 5:	Other Information	34
Item 6:	Exhibits	34

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Any statement contained in a prior periodic report shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Quarterly Report to the extent that a statement contained herein modifies or supersedes such statement. The Securities and Exchange Commission allows us to “incorporate by reference” information that we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information by referring you directly to those documents. Information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this Quarterly Report. References in this Quarterly Report to “WOW,” “we,” “us,” “our”, or “the Company” are to WideOpenWest, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, unless the context specifies or requires otherwise.

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

WIDEOPENWEST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited)

	March 31, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(in millions, except per share data)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	36.5		$	69.4
Accounts receivable—trade, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $5.2 and $5.8, respectively	70.3			81.5
Accounts receivable—other	2.1			2.1
Prepaid expenses and other	16.4			12.2
Total current assets	125.3			165.2
Plant, property and equipment, net	933.3			924.7
Franchise operating rights	809.2			952.4
Goodwill	270.9			384.1
Intangible assets subject to amortization, net	4.9			5.5
Other noncurrent assets	21.4			9.7
Total assets	$	2,165.0		$	2,441.6
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable—trade	$	29.8		$	26.1
Accrued interest	3.2			3.6
Accrued liabilities and other	92.2			94.5
Current portion of debt and capital lease obligations	24.0			24.0
Current portion of unearned service revenue	46.2			43.2
Total current liabilities	195.4			191.4
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations—less current portion and debt issuance costs	2,222.5			2,227.2
Deferred income taxes, net	178.4			220.4
Other noncurrent liabilities	7.8			7.0
Total liabilities	2,604.1			2,646.0
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ deficit:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding	—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 700,000,000 shares authorized; 89,545,907 and 88,887,915 issued as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively; 84,448,065 and 88,426,742 outstanding as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively	0.9			0.9
Additional paid-in capital	304.0			299.9
Accumulated deficit	(694.0		)	(500.4		)
Treasury stock at cost, 5,097,842 and 461,173 shares as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively	(50.0		)	(4.8		)
Total stockholders’ deficit	(439.1		)	(204.4		)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$	2,165.0		$	2,441.6

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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WIDEOPENWEST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited)

	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
	(in millions, except per share data)
Revenue	$	285.5		$	300.0
Costs and expenses:
Operating (excluding depreciation and amortization)	157.9			159.8
Selling, general and administrative	39.7			30.3
Depreciation and amortization	46.3			50.3
Impairment losses on intangibles and goodwill	256.4			—
Management fee to related party	—			0.5
	500.3			240.9
(Loss) income from operations	(214.8		)	59.1
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(29.1		)	(45.7		)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			(5.0		)
Gain on sale of system dispositions	—			38.7
Other income, net	—			1.4
(Loss) income before provision for income taxes	(243.9		)	48.5
Income tax benefit	41.2			23.9
Net (loss) income	$	(202.7	)	$	72.4

Basic and diluted (loss) earnings per common shares
Basic	$	(2.40	)	$	1.09
Diluted	$	(2.40	)	$	1.09
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
Basic	84,479,896			66,525,044
Diluted	84,479,896			66,600,994

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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WIDEOPENWEST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2018

(unaudited)

	Common Shares		Common Stock par value		Treasury Stock at Cost			Additional Paid- in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders’ Deficit
	(in millions, expect per share data)
Balances at January 1, 2018	88,426,742		$	0.9	$	(4.8	)	$	299.9		$	(500.4	)	$	(204.4	)
Impact of change in accounting policy	—		—		—			—			9.1			9.1
Stock-based compensation	—		—		—			4.3			—			4.3
Issuance of restricted stock	657,992		—		—			—			—			—
Purchase of shares	(4,636,669	)	—		(45.2		)	—			—			(45.2		)
Other	—		—		—			(0.2		)	—			(0.2		)
Net loss	—		—		—			—			(202.7		)	(202.7		)
Balances at March 31, 2018 (1)	84,448,065		$	0.9	$	(50.0	)	$	304.0		$	(694.0	)	$	(439.1	)

(1) Included in outstanding shares as of March 31, 2018 are 2,545,272 non-vested shares of restricted stock awards granted to employees and directors.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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WIDEOPENWEST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
	(in millions)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income	$	(202.7	)	$	72.4
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	46.3			50.3
Provision for doubtful accounts	5.2			4.2
Deferred income taxes	(42.2		)	(32.6		)
Gain on sale of system dispositions	—			(38.7		)
Amortization of debt issuance costs, premium and discount, net	1.2			1.2
Non-cash compensation expense	4.3			0.5
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			0.2
Impairment losses on intangibles and goodwill	256.4			—
Other non-cash items	—			0.3
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables and other operating assets	1.4			0.7
Payables and accruals	4.9			(27.7		)
Net cash flows provided by operating activities	74.8			30.8

Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(56.5		)	(79.2		)
Proceeds from sale of assets	—			213.0
Other investing activities	0.2			2.0
Net cash flows (used in) provided by investing activities	(56.3		)	135.8

Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments on debt and capital lease obligations	(6.0		)	(110.8		)
Contribution from former Parent	—			8.8
Repurchase of old management units	—			(8.8		)
Distribution to former Parent	—			(0.1		)
Purchase of shares	(45.2		)	—
Other	(0.2		)	—
Net cash flows used in financing activities	(51.4		)	(110.9		)
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(32.9		)	55.7
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	69.4			30.8
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	36.5		$	86.5
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the periods for interest	$	28.4		$	65.9
Cash paid during the periods for income taxes	$	0.2		$	1.2
Non-cash financing activities:
Capital expenditure accounts payable and accruals	$	8.9		$	10.9

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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WIDEOPENWEST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2018

(unaudited)

Note 1. General Information

WideOpenWest, Inc. (“WOW” or the “Company”) was organized in Delaware in July 2012 as WideOpenWest Kite, Inc. WideOpenWest Kite, Inc. subsequently changed its name to WideOpenWest, Inc. in March 2017. On April 1, 2016, the Company consummated a restructuring (“Restructuring”) whereby WideOpenWest Finance, LLC (“WOW Finance”) became a wholly owned subsidiary of WOW. Previously, WOW Finance was owned by WOW, WideOpenWest Illinois, Inc., WideOpenWest Ohio, Inc. and Sigecom, Inc. (collectively, the “Members”, or WOW and “Affiliates”). Prior to the Restructuring, the Members were wholly owned subsidiaries of Racecar Acquisition, LLC (“Racecar Acquisition”).

As a result of the Restructuring, the Affiliates merged with and into WOW, WOW became the sole subsidiary of Racecar Acquisition and WOW Finance became a wholly owned subsidiary of WOW.

On May 25, 2017, the Company completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of shares of its common stock, which are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “WOW”. Prior to its IPO, WOW was wholly owned by Racecar Acquisition, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of WideOpenWest Holdings, LLC (“Parent”). Subsequent to the IPO, Racecar Acquisition and former Parent were liquidated and the shares distributed to their respective owners. In the following context, the terms we, us, WOW, or the Company may refer, as the context requires, to WOW or, collectively, WOW and its subsidiaries.

The Company is a fully integrated provider of high-speed data (“HSD”), cable television (“Video”), and digital telephony (“Telephony”) services. The Company serves customers in nineteen Midwestern and Southeastern markets in the United States. The Company manages and operates its Midwestern broadband cable systems in Detroit and Lansing, Michigan; Chicago, Illinois; Cleveland and Columbus, Ohio; Evansville, Indiana and Baltimore, Maryland. The Southeastern systems are located in Augusta, Columbus, Newnan and West Point, Georgia; Charleston, South Carolina; Dothan, Auburn, Huntsville and Montgomery, Alabama; Knoxville, Tennessee; and Panama City and Pinellas County, Florida.

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

Subsequent to the Restructuring, the financial statements and notes to financial statements presented herein include the consolidated accounts of WOW and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company operates as one operating segment. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period financial statement presentation with no effect on the Company’s previously reported results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

Certain employees of WOW participated in equity plans administered by the Company’s former Parent. Because the management units from the equity plan were issued from the former Parent’s ownership structure, the management units’ value directly correlated to the results of WOW, as the primary asset of the former Parent’s investment in WOW. The management units for the equity plan have been “pushed down” to the Company, as the management units had been utilized as equity-based compensation for WOW management. Immediately prior to the Company’s IPO, these management units were cancelled.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X for interim financial information. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”); however, in our opinion, the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The year-end consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, all normally recurring adjustments considered necessary for the fair presentation of the financial statements have been included, and the financial statements present fairly the financial position and results of operations for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results expected for the full year or any future period. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2017 Annual Report filed with the SEC on March 14, 2018.

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Use of Estimates

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. These accounting principles require management to make assumptions and estimates that affect the reported amounts and disclosures of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts and disclosures of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. To the extent there are differences between those estimates and actual results, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements may be materially affected.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). Under ASU 2016-02, an entity will be required to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 offers specific accounting guidance for a lessee, a lessor and sale and leaseback transactions. Lessees and lessors are required to disclose qualitative and quantitative information about leasing arrangements to enable a user of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. There have been further amendments, including practical expedients, with the issuance of ASU 2018-01 in January 2018. The amended guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period, and requires a modified retrospective adoption, with early adoption permitted. The Company will adopt this guidance beginning with its first quarter ending March 31, 2019. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new standard on its statement of financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASC 606”). ASC 606 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and most industry-specific guidance. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve that core principle, an entity is required to follow five steps which are comprised of (a) identifying the contract(s) with a customer; (b) identifying the performance obligations in the contract; (c) determining the transaction price; (d) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (e) recognizing revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

The Company adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method and recorded the cumulative effect to the Company’s opening accumulated deficit of $9.1 million, net of tax, representing:

(i) the recognition of a contract liability associated with “open” or “non-completed” month-to-month and fixed term service contracts containing fees for installation related activities,

(ii) the recognition of an asset for costs of obtaining contracts with customers, associated with “open” or “non-completed” month-to-month and fixed term service contracts, and

(iii) the income tax impacts of items (i) and (ii) above.

A completed contract is defined in ASC 606 as a contract for which the Company has recognized all or substantially all of the revenue under the previous revenue recognition rules. In addition to applying the new revenue recognition rules under ASC 606 only to open or non-completed contracts, the Company has elected to apply the practical expedient related to contract modifications and have not separately evaluated the effects of contract modifications prior to January 1, 2018 in determining the adjustment to the Company’s opening accumulated deficit.

Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, the Company recognized revenue related to installation activities upfront to the extent of direct selling costs, which generally resulted in recognition of revenue when the installation related activities had been provided to the customer. Under ASC 606, the majority of the Company’s installation related activities are not considered to be separate performance obligations and non-refundable upfront fees related to installations are assessed to determine whether they provide the customer with a material right. Following the adoption of ASC 606, the Company began recognizing upfront fees for installation related activities as revenue (i) over the period which the customer is expected to benefit from the ability to avoid paying an additional fee upon renewal for month-to-month residential subscription service contracts and (ii) over the term of the contract for business subscription service

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contracts. In addition, the Company began recognizing an asset for costs associated with obtaining contracts with customers, including sales commissions, and amortizing these costs over the expected period of benefit.

The following tables summarize the impacts of adopting ASC 606 on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet

	As of March 31, 2018
	As reported			Adjustments			Without adoption of Topic 606
	(in millions)
Assets
Current assets:
Prepaid expenses and other	$	16.4		$	(2.8	)	$	13.6
Total current assets	125.3			(2.8		)	122.5
Other noncurrent assets	21.4			(12.0		)	9.4
Total assets	$	2,165.0		$	(14.8	)	$	2,150.2
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit
Current liabilities:
Current portion of unearned service revenue	$	46.2		$	(3.5	)	$	42.7
Total current liabilities	195.4			(3.5		)	191.9
Deferred income taxes, net	178.4			(0.2		)	178.2
Other noncurrent liabilities	7.8			(0.5		)	7.3
Total liabilities	2,604.1			(4.2		)	2,599.9
Accumulated deficit	(694.0		)	(10.6		)	(704.6		)
Total stockholders’ deficit	(439.1		)	(10.6		)	(449.7		)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$	2,165.0		$	(14.8	)	$	2,150.2

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations

	Three months ended March 31, 2018
	As reported			Adjustments			Without adoption of Topic 606
	(in millions)
Revenue	$	285.5		$	1.9		$	287.4
Costs and expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	39.7			3.4			43.1
	500.3			3.4			503.7
Loss from operations	(214.8		)	(1.5		)	(216.3		)
Loss before provision for income taxes	(243.9		)	(1.5		)	(245.4		)
Net loss	$	(202.7	)	$	(1.5	)	$	(204.2	)

ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminates the requirement to determine the fair value of individual assets and liabilities of a reporting unit to measure goodwill impairment. Under the amendments in the new ASU, goodwill impairment testing will be performed by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. The new standard is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and should be applied on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted for annual or interim goodwill impairment testing performed after January 1, 2017. The Company early adopted this standard in the fourth quarter of 2017 in conjunction with its annual goodwill impairment assessment.

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ASU 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory (“ASU 2016-16”). ASU 2016-16 eliminates the current prohibition on the recognition of the income tax effects on the transfer of assets among subsidiaries. After adoption of this ASU, the income tax effects associated with these transfers, except for the transfer of inventory, will be recognized in the period the asset is transferred versus the current deferral and recognition upon either the sale of the asset to a third party or the remaining useful life of the asset. The standard became effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018, and requires any deferred taxes not yet recognized on intra-entity transfers to be recorded to retained earnings under a modified retrospective approach. The adoption of this pronouncement did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230)

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) (“ASU 2016-15”), making changes to the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in order to reduce diversity in presentation. This update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. The update addresses eight specific cash flow issues, of which only one is applicable to the Company’s financial statements. The adoption of this pronouncement did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Note 3. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Residential and Business Subscription Services

Residential and business subscription services revenue consists primarily of monthly recurring charges for HSD, Video, and Telephony services, including charges for equipment rentals and other regulatory fees, and non-recurring charges for optional services, such as pay-per-view, video-on-demand, and other events provided to the customer. Monthly charges for residential and business subscription services are billed in advance and recognized as revenue over the period of time the associated services are provided to the customer. Charges for optional services are generally billed in arrears and are recognized at the point in time when the services are provided to the customer.

· HSD revenue consists primarily of fixed monthly fees for data service, including charges for rentals of modems, and revenue recognized related to non-recurring upfront fees associated with installation and other administrative activities provided to HSD customers.

· Video revenue consists of fixed monthly fees for basic, premium and digital cable television services, including charges for rentals of video converter equipment and other regulatory fees, and revenue recognized related to non-recurring upfront fees associated with installation and other administrative activities provided to video customers, as well as non-recurring charges for optional services, such as pay-per-view, video-on-demand and other events provided to the customer.

· Telephony revenue consists of fixed monthly fees for local services, including certain regulatory and ancillary customer fees, and enhanced services, such as call waiting and voice mail, revenue recognized related to non-recurring upfront fees associated with installation and other administrative activities provided to telephony customers as well as charges for measured and flat rate long-distance service.

The vast majority of the Company’s residential customers can cancel their subscription services at any time without paying a termination penalty. While a portion of residential customers have entered into contracts for subscription services ranging from 12 months to 24 months in length, the Company recognizes revenue for these customers on a basis that is consistent with customers that have entered into month-to-month contracts as the early termination fees within these contracts are not considered to be substantive. The Company’s business customers have entered into non-cancellable contracts for subscription services averaging 30 months.

The Company is required to pay certain cable franchising authorities an amount based on the percentage of gross revenue derived from video services. The Company generally passes these fees and other similar regulatory and ancillary fees on to the customer. Revenues from regulatory and other ancillary fees passed on to the customer are reported with the associated service revenue and the corresponding costs are reported as an operating expense.

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Bundled Subscription Services

The Company often markets multiple subscription services as part of a bundled arrangement that may include a discount. When customers have entered into a bundled service arrangement, the total transaction price for the bundled arrangement is allocated between the separate services included in the bundle based on their relative stand-alone selling prices. The allocation of the transaction price in bundled services requires judgment, particularly in determining the stand-alone selling prices for the separate services included in the bundle. The stand-alone selling price for the majority of services are determined based on the prices at which the Company separately sells the service. For services sold on an infrequent basis and for a wide range of prices, the Company estimates stand-alone selling prices using the adjusted market assessment approach, which considers the prices of competitors for similar services.

Other Business Services Revenue

Other business services revenue consists primarily of monthly recurring charges for session initiates protocol, web hosting, metro Ethernet, wireless backhaul, broadband carrier, and cloud infrastructure services provided to business customers. Monthly charges for other business services are generally billed in advance and recognized as revenue when the associated services are provided to the customer.

Other Revenue

Other revenue consists primarily of revenue from line assurance warranty services provided to residential and business customers and revenue from advertising placement. Monthly charges for line assurance warranty services are generally billed in advance and recognized as revenue over the period of time the warranty services are provided to the customer. Charges for advertising placement are generally billed in arrears and recognized as revenue at the point in time when the advertising is distributed.

Revenue by Service Offering

Revenue by service offering is set forth in the table below:

	Three months ended March 31, 2018
	(in millions)
	Residential Subscription		Business Subscription		Total Revenue
HSD	$	94.3	$	17.4	$	111.7
Video	118.5		3.3		121.8
Telephony	19.3		10.7		30.0
Total subscription services revenue	$	232.1	$	31.4	$	263.5
Other business services revenue (a)	—		—		7.2
Other revenue	—		—		14.8
Total revenue					$	285.5

(a) Includes wholesale and collocation revenue of $5.7 million.

Costs of Obtaining Contracts with Customers

The Company recognizes an asset for incremental costs of obtaining contracts with customers when it expects to recover those costs. Costs which would be incurred regardless of whether a contract is obtained are expensed as they are incurred. Costs of obtaining contracts with customers are amortized over the expected period of benefit, which generally ranges from three to four years for residential customers and six to seven years for business customers. As of March 31, 2018, the current portion of costs of obtaining contracts with customers of $2.8 million and non-current portion of costs of obtaining contracts with customers of $12.0 million are included in prepaid expenses and other and other noncurrent assets, respectively, in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet. Amortization of costs of obtaining contracts with customers is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations.

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Contract Liabilities

Monthly charges for residential and business subscription services are billed in advance and recorded as unearned service revenue. Residential and business customers may be charged non-recurring upfront fees associated with installation and other administrative activities. Charges for upfront fees associated with installation and other administrative activities are initially recorded as unearned services revenue and recognized as revenue over the expected period of benefit for residential customers, which has been estimated as 5 months, and over the contract term for business customers, which has been estimated as 30 months. The Company has estimated the expected period of benefit for residential customers based on consideration of quantitative and qualitative factors including the average installation fee charged, the average monthly revenue per customer, and customer behavior. As of March 31, 2018, the current portion of $3.5 million and the non-current portion of $0.5 million are included in current portion of unearned service revenue and other noncurrent liabilities, respectively, in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Unsatisfied Performance Obligations

Revenue from month-to-month residential subscription service contracts have historically represented a significant portion of the Company’s revenue and the Company expects that this will continue to be the case in future periods. The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient in paragraph 606-10-50-14(a) and has not disclosed revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to month-to-month residential subscription services.

A summary of expected revenue to be recognized in future periods related to performance obligations which have not been satisfied or are partially unsatisfied as of March 31, 2018 is set forth in the table below:

	2018		2019		2020		Thereafter		Total
	(in millions)
Subscription services	$	70.8	$	40.6	$	13.5	$	5.4	$	130.3
Other business services	4.2		2.6		0.4		0.1		7.3
Total expected revenue	$	75.0	$	43.2	$	13.9	$	5.5	$	137.6

Note 4. Plant, Property and Equipment, Net

Plant, property and equipment consisted of the following:

	March 31, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Distribution facilities	$	1,409.1		$	1,373.6
Customer premise equipment	420.0			414.5
Head-end equipment	317.1			320.4
Telephony infrastructure	86.4			92.4
Computer equipment and software	113.3			107.6
Vehicles	35.9			36.0
Buildings and leasehold improvements	44.6			44.6
Office and technical equipment	32.8			32.8
Land	6.2			6.2
Construction in progress (including material inventory and other)	108.9			95.2
Total plant, property and equipment	2,574.3			2,523.3
Less accumulated depreciation	(1,641.0		)	(1,598.6		)
Plant, Property and Equipment, Net	$	933.3		$	924.7

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 was $45.7 million and $49.7 million, respectively. Included in depreciation expense were gains (losses) on write-offs or sales of head-end and customer premise equipment totaling nil and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Note 5. Asset Sales

Sale of Chicago Fiber Network

On August 1, 2017, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell a portion of its fiber network in the Company’s Chicago market to a subsidiary of Verizon for $225.0 million in cash. On December 14, 2017, the Company finalized the sale by entering into an Asset Purchase Agreement (“APA”) with a subsidiary of Verizon.

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In addition to the APA, the Company and a subsidiary of Verizon entered into a Construction Services Agreement pursuant to which the Company will complete the build-out of the network in exchange for $50.0 million, which represents the estimated remaining build-out costs to complete the network. The $50.0 million will be payable as such network elements are completed. The Company anticipates such network will be completed in the first half of 2019.

As a result of entering into the Construction Services Agreement, the Company concluded that the assets and liabilities associated with the build-out of the network met the criteria to be classified as held for sale. As of March 31, 2018, the Chicago fiber network has $16.3 million in total assets held for sale that are included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet which represents what the Company has spent on construction subsequent to the signing of the definitive agreement, less the costs of sites completed. For the three months ending March 31, 2018, the Company continued construction of the network elements under the Construction Services Agreement and plans to complete several elements during the second quarter of 2018.

Sale of Lawrence, Kansas System

On January 12, 2017, the Company and Midcontinent Communications (“MidCo”) consummated an asset purchase agreement under which MidCo acquired the Company’s Lawrence, Kansas system for net proceeds of approximately $213.0 million in cash, subject to certain normal and customary purchase price adjustments set forth in the agreement. As a result of the asset purchase agreement, the Company recorded a gain on sale of assets of $38.4 million. The results of the Company’s Lawrence, Kansas system for the first 12 days of fiscal 2017 are included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2017, but not included in the three months ended March 31, 2018 unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company and MidCo also entered into a transition services agreement under which the Company provided certain services to MidCo on a transitional basis. The transition services agreement, originally expiring on July 1, 2017, was extended to September 28, 2017. Charges for the transition services generally allowed the Company to fully recover all allowed costs and allocated expenses incurred in connection with providing these services, generally without profit.

Note 6. Franchise Operating Rights & Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amounts of the Company’s franchise operating rights and goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2018 are set forth below:

	December 31, 2017		Acquisitions	Sales	Impairment		March 31, 2018
	(in millions)
Franchise operating rights	$	952.4	—	—	$	143.2	$	809.2
Goodwill	384.1		—	—	113.2		270.9
	$	1,336.5	—	—	$	256.4	$	1,080.1

Due to the decline in the Company’s stock price during the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company performed an evaluation of recoverability of its franchise operating rights and goodwill.

Impaired Franchise Operating Rights

Franchise operating rights are evaluated for impairment by comparing the carrying value of the intangible asset to its estimated fair value, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods, at the reporting unit level. Qualitative analysis is performed for franchise assets in the event the previous analysis indicates that there is a significant margin between the carrying value of franchise operating rights and the estimated fair value of those rights, and that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value equals or exceeds carrying value.

For franchise operating rights that were evaluated using quantitative analysis, the Company calculates the estimated fair value of franchise operating rights using the multi-period excess earnings method, an income approach, which calculates the estimated fair value of an intangible asset by discounting its future cash flows. The estimated fair value is determined based on discrete discounted future cash flows attributable to each franchise operating right intangible asset using assumptions consistent with internal forecasts. Key assumptions in estimating fair value under this method include, but are not limited to, revenue and subscriber growth rates (less anticipated customer churn), operating expenditures, capital expenditures (including any build out), market share achieved or market multiples, contributory asset charge rates, tax rates and a discount rate. The discount rate used in the model represents a weighted average cost of capital and the perceived risk associated with an intangible asset such as the Company’s franchise operating rights. Any excess of the carrying value of franchise operating rights over the estimated fair value is expensed as an impairment loss.

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As a result of the quantitative analysis, the carrying value of franchise operating rights exceeded the estimated fair value in four of the Company’s reporting units resulting in non-cash impairment charges of $3.2 million, $47.5 million, $77.5 million and $15.0 million in the Panama City, FL, Montgomery, AL, Huntsville, AL and Dothan, AL reporting units, respectively. The primary driver of the impairment charges was a decline in the price of the Company’s common stock, which reduced the market multiples utilized to determine estimated fair market values of indefinite-lived intangible assets in certain reporting units. The impairment charge does not have an impact on the Company’s intent and/or ability to renew or extend existing franchise operating rights.

Impaired Goodwill

Goodwill is evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods. Qualitative analysis is performed for goodwill assets in the event the previous analysis indicates that there is a significant margin between carrying value of goodwill and estimated fair value, and that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value equals or exceeds carrying value.

For the quantitative evaluation of the Company’s goodwill, the Company utilizes both an income approach as well as a market approach. The income approach utilizes a discounted cash flow analysis to estimate the fair value of each reporting unit, while the market approach utilizes multiples derived from actual precedent transactions of similar businesses, the market value of the Company and market valuations of guideline public companies. Any excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the estimated fair value of goodwill is expensed as an impairment loss.

As a result of the quantitative analysis, the carrying value of goodwill exceeded the estimated fair value in four of the Company’s reporting units resulting in non-cash impairment charges of $23.7 million, $16.7 million, $20.2 million and $52.6 million in the Panama City, FL, Huntsville, AL, Augusta, GA and Chicago, IL reporting units, respectively. The primary driver of the impairment charges was a decline in the price of the Company’s common stock, which reduced the market multiples utilized to determine estimated fair market values of goodwill in certain reporting units.

Note 7. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of the following:

	March 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in millions)
Programming costs	$	34.7	$	32.2
Franchise, copyright and revenue sharing fees	10.5		12.2
Payroll and employee benefits	10.2		11.5
Construction	4.6		7.5
Property, income, sales and use taxes	19.2		18.9
Utility pole rentals	2.8		1.5
Legal and professional fees	0.6		0.8
Other accrued liabilities	9.6		9.9
Accrued Liabilities	$	92.2	$	94.5

Note 8. Long-Term Debt and Capital Leases

The following table summarizes the Company’s long-term debt and capital leases:

	March 31, 2018							December 31, 2017
	Available
	borrowing capacity		Effective interest rate (1)		Outstanding balance			Outstanding balance
	(in millions)
Long-term debt:
Term B Loans (2)	$	—	5.10	%	$	2,256.3		$	2,261.4
Revolving Credit Facility (3)	292.8		4.60	%	—			—
Total long-term debt	$	292.8			2,256.3			2,261.4
Capital lease obligations					2.5			2.8
Total long-term debt and capital lease obligations					2,258.8			2,264.2
Less debt issuance costs (4)					(12.3		)	(13.0		)
Sub-total					2,246.5			2,251.2
Less current portion					(24.0		)	(24.0		)
Long-term portion					$	2,222.5		$	2,227.2

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(1) Represents the effective interest rate in effect for all borrowings outstanding as of March 31, 2018 pursuant to each debt instrument including the applicable margin.

(2) At March 31, 2018 includes $12.3 million of net discounts.

(3) Available borrowing capacity at March 31, 2018 represents $300.0 million of total availability less outstanding letters of credit of $7.2 million. Letters of credit are used in the ordinary course of business and are released when the respective contractual obligations have been fulfilled by the Company.

(4) At March 31, 2018, debt issuance costs include $8.9 million related to Term B Loans and $3.4 million related to Revolving Credit Facility.

Refinancing of the Term B Loans and Revolving Credit Facility

On July 17, 2017, the Company entered into an eighth amendment (“Eighth Amendment”) to its Credit Agreement, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as the administrative agent and revolver agent. Under the Eighth Amendment, (i) the Company borrowed new Term B loans in an aggregate principal amount of $230.5 million, for a total outstanding Term B loan principal amount of $2.28 billion and (ii) the revolving credit commitments were increased by an aggregate principal amount of $100.0 million, for a total outstanding revolving credit commitment of $300.0 million available to the Company under the revolving credit facility. The new Term B loans will mature on August 19, 2023 and bear interest, at the Company’s option, at a rate equal to ABR plus 2.25% or LIBOR plus 3.25%. Loans under the revolving credit facility will mature on May 31, 2022 and bear interest, at the Company’s option, at a rate equal to ABR plus 2.00% or LIBOR plus 3.00%. The guarantees, collateral and covenants in the Eighth Amendment remain unchanged from those contained in the credit agreement prior to the Eighth Amendment. As of March 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants.

On May 31, 2017, the Company entered into a seventh amendment (“Seventh Amendment”) to its Credit Agreement. The Seventh Amendment (i) refinanced the then-existing $200.0 million of borrowings available to the Company under the revolving credit facility and (ii) extended the maturity date of the revolving credit facility to May 31, 2022, unless an earlier date was triggered under certain circumstances. The interest rate margins applicable to the revolving credit facility bore interest at a rate equal to ABR plus 2.00% or LIBOR plus 3.00%. Additionally, the Company entered into an Incremental Commitment Letter to its revolving credit facility that increased the available borrowings to $300.0 million that became available upon compliance by the Company with certain conditions (see redemption of 10.25% senior notes whereby such conditionality was subsequently achieved as a result of the Eighth Amendment). The guarantees, collateral and covenants in the Seventh Amendment remained unchanged from those contained in the credit agreement prior to the Seventh Amendment.

On August 19, 2016, the Company entered into a sixth amendment (“Sixth Amendment”) to its Credit Agreement. The Sixth Amendment provided for the addition of a $2.065 billion seven year Term B Loan which bore interest at LIBOR plus 3.50% or ABR plus 2.50% and included a 1.00% LIBOR floor. The Term B Loan had a maturity date of August 19, 2023, unless the earlier maturity dates set forth below was triggered under the following circumstances: (a) April 15, 2019 if (i) any of the Company’s existing outstanding Senior Notes were outstanding on April 15, 2019, or (ii) any future indebtedness with a final maturity date prior to the date that is 91 days after August 19, 2023 was incurred to refinance the Company’s existing Senior Notes or (b) July 15, 2019 if (i) any of the Company’s existing Senior Subordinated Notes were outstanding on July 15, 2019, or (ii) any indebtedness with a final maturity prior to the date that is 91 days after August 19, 2023 was incurred to refinance the Company’s existing Senior Subordinated Notes. As described below, the Senior Subordinated Notes were fully redeemed on December 18, 2016 and the Senior Notes were fully redeemed on July 17, 2017.

On May 11, 2016, the Company entered into a fifth amendment (“Fifth Amendment”) to its Credit Agreement. The Fifth Amendment provided for the addition of an incremental $432.5 million Term B Loan with a maturity date of April 2019 and which bore interest, at the Company’s option, at LIBOR plus 3.50% or ABR plus 2.50% and included a 1.00% LIBOR floor. Proceeds from the issuance of the Term B Loans were used to repay all remaining $382.5 million outstanding principal under the Company’s Term B-1 Loans which had a maturity date of July 2017 and which bore interest at LIBOR plus 3.00% or ABR plus 2.00% and included a 0.75% LIBOR floor.

Redemption of 10.25% Senior Notes

On March 20, 2017, the Company utilized cash on hand to redeem $95.1 million in aggregate principal amount outstanding of the 10.25% Senior Notes due 2019 (“Senior Notes”). In addition to the partial redemption, the Company paid accrued interest on

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the Senior Notes of $1.7 million and a call premium of $4.9 million. The Company recorded a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $5.0 million, primarily representing the cash call premium paid.

On July 17, 2017, the Company used the proceeds of the new Term B loans under the Eighth Amendment, and borrowed $180.0 million under its revolving credit facility and cash on hand to fully redeem all of the Company’s remaining outstanding Senior Notes and to pay certain fees and expenses. In connection with the redemption of the Senior Notes, the Company satisfied and discharged the indenture governing the Senior Notes. The Company paid $729.9 million in principal amount, incurred prepayment fees of $18.7 million and paid accrued interest of $37.6 million.

Note 9. Equity

Initial Public Offering

On May 25, 2017, the Company completed an IPO of shares of its common stock, which are listed on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “WOW”.

The Company sold 20,970,589 shares of its common stock at a price of $17 per share (including the exercise of the overallotment) for $356.5 million in gross proceeds. The Company incurred costs directly associated with the IPO of $22.5 million, resulting in proceeds from the IPO (net of issuance costs) of $334.0 million. Outstanding shares and per-share amounts disclosed as of March 31, 2018 and for all other comparative periods presented have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the effects of the May 25, 2017, 66,498.762 to 1 stock-split.

Common Stock

The following represents the Company’s purchase of WOW common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2018. The shares are reflected as treasury stock in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet.

		Three months ended March 31, 2018
		Shares
Share buybacks		4,625,037
Income tax withholding		11,632
		4,636,669

On December 14, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to purchase up to $50.0 million of its outstanding common stock. The Company completed the buyback program on March 26, 2018, with total common stock shares repurchased of 5.1 million. The Company has the authority to reissue shares repurchased under the buyback program.

Note 10. Stock-Based Compensation

WOW’s 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan provides for grants of stock options, restricted stock and performance awards. The Company’s directors, officers and other employees and persons who engage in services for the Company are eligible for grants under the 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan. The 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan has authorized 6,355,054 shares of common stock to be available for issuance, subject to adjustment in the event of a reorganization, stock split, merger or similar change in the Company’s corporate structure of the outstanding shares of common stock.

The following table summarizes the restricted stock activity during the three months ended March 31, 2018.

	Number of Restricted Stock Shares

Granted (1)	786,360
Cancelled	—
Forfeited	(128,368	)
Vested	27,290

(1) The total outstanding non-vested shares of restricted stock awards granted to employees and directors are included in total outstanding shares as of March 31, 2018.

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For restricted stock awards that contain only service conditions for vesting, the Company calculates the award fair value based on the closing stock price on the accounting grant date. Restricted stock generally vests ratably over a three year period based on the date of grant. Included in the unvested grants are the short term grants that replaced the 2017 Management Bonus Plan, which provided for incentive cash bonuses for the majority of the Company’s employees based upon the achievement of certain business and individual or department objectives, including most prominently adjusted consolidated earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization. Such grants in aggregate totaled 866,708 shares and will vest 100% on June 30, 2018 assuming the participant continues to be employed by the Company.

For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company recorded $4.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively, of non-cash stock-based compensation expense which is reflected in selling, general and administrative expense and operating expenses (excluding depreciation and amortization), depending on the recipients’ duties, in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Note 11. Earnings (Loss) per Common Share

Basic earnings or loss per share attributable to the Company’s common shareholders is computed by dividing net earnings or loss attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings or loss per share attributable to common shareholders presents the dilutive effect, if any, on a per share basis of potential common shares (such as restricted stock units) as if they had been vested or converted during the periods presented. No such items were included in the computation of diluted loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2018 because the Company incurred a net loss in the period and the effect of inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. All of the shares outstanding and per share amounts have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the stock-split in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
	(in millions, except for per share data)
Net (loss) income	$	(202.7	)	$	72.4

Basic weighted-average shares	84,479,896			66,525,044
Effect of dilutive securities:
Restricted stock awards	—			75,950
Diluted weighted-average shares	84,479,896			66,600,994

Basic net (loss) income per share	$	(2.40	)	$	1.09
Diluted net (loss) income per share	$	(2.40	)	$	1.09

Note 12. Fair Value Measurements

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, trade payables, short-term borrowings and the current portions of long-term debt approximate carrying values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. For assets and liabilities of a long-term nature, the Company determines fair value based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Market or observable inputs are the preferred source of values, followed by unobservable inputs or assumptions based on hypothetical transactions in the absence of market inputs. The Company applies the following hierarchy in determining fair value:

· Level 1, defined as observable inputs being quoted prices in active markets for identical assets;

· Level 2, defined as observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, including quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and

· Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other participants therefore requiring assumptions based on the best information available.

The estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term debt, which includes debt subject to the effects of interest rate risk, was based on dealer quotes considering current market rates and was approximately $2,220.4 million compared to carrying value of

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$2,268.6 million, not including debt issuance costs, discount and premium as of March 31, 2018. As the Company’s ratio of its aggregate debt balance has trended from quoted market prices in active markets to quoted prices in non-active markets, the Company has concluded that the fair value of debt should be classified as a Level 2. There were no transfers into or out of Level 1, 2 or 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Note 13. Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the difference is expected to reverse. Additionally, the impact of changes in the tax rates and laws on deferred taxes, if any, is reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements in the period of enactment.

The Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient taxable income will be generated to permit the utilization of existing deferred tax assets. On the basis of this evaluation, as of March 31, 2018, a valuation allowance of $64.9 million remains recorded to recognize only the portion of the deferred tax asset that is more likely than not to be realized. The valuation allowance is based on the Company’s existing positive and negative evidence. The amount of the deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period are reduced or increased based on the Company’s future operating results.

The Company reported total income tax benefit of $41.2 million and $23.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. In the current period, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $256.4 million related to franchise operating rights and goodwill. As a result of this impairment, the Company has recorded an income tax benefit of approximately $46.1 million.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various state jurisdictions. For federal tax purposes, the Company’s 2014 through 2017 tax years remain open for examination by the tax authorities under the normal three year statute of limitations. Generally, for state tax purposes, the Company’s 2014 through 2017 tax years remain open for examination by the tax authorities under a three year statute of limitations. Should the Company utilize any of its U.S. or state loss carryforwards, their carryforward losses, which date back to 1995, would be subject to examination.

As of March 31, 2018, the Company recorded gross unrecognized tax benefits of $27.1 million, all of which, if recognized, would affect the Company’s effective tax rate. Interest and penalties related to income tax liabilities, if incurred, are included in income tax benefit (expense) in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. The Company has accrued gross interest and penalties of $1.5 million. The Company believes that an adequate provision has been made for any adjustments that may result from tax examinations. However, the outcome of tax audits cannot be predicted with certainty. If any issues are addressed in the Company’s tax audits in a manner not consistent with management’s expectations, the Company could be required to adjust its provision for income taxes in the period such resolution occurs.

Unrecognized tax benefits consist primarily of tax positions related to issues associated with the Restructuring of WOW Finance and the acquisition of Knology, Inc. Depending on the resolution with certain state taxing authorities that is expected to occur within the next twelve months, there could be an adjustment to the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits and certain state tax matters.

The Company is not currently under examination for U.S. federal income tax purposes, but does have various open tax controversy matters with various state taxing authorities.

Note 14. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is party to various legal proceedings (including individual, class and putative class actions) arising in the normal course of its business covering a wide range of matters and types of claims including, but not limited to, general contracts, billing disputes, rights of access, programming, taxes, fees and surcharges, consumer protection, trademark and patent infringement, employment, regulatory, tort, claims of competitors and disputes with other carriers.

In accordance with GAAP, WOW accrues an expense for pending litigation when it determines that an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Legal defense costs are expensed as incurred. None of the Company’s existing accruals for pending matters are material. WOW regularly monitors its pending litigation for the purpose of adjusting its accruals and revising its disclosures accordingly, in accordance with GAAP, when required. Litigation is, however, subject to uncertainty, and the outcome of any particular matter is not predictable. The Company vigorously defends its interests in pending litigation, and as of this date, WOW believes that the ultimate resolution of all such matters, after considering insurance coverage or other indemnities to which it is entitled, will not have a material adverse effect on its unaudited condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

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Note 15. Related Party Transactions

Prior to the Company’s IPO, the Company paid a quarterly management fee of $0.4 million plus travel and miscellaneous expenses, if any, to Avista Capital Partners (“Avista”) and Crestview Advisors, LLC (“Crestview”), majority owners of the Company’s former Parent. In addition, pursuant to a consulting agreement dated as of December 18, 2015 by and among Parent, Avista and Crestview, Crestview is entitled to 50% of any management fee actually received by Avista. Such fee will no longer be paid in future periods. The management fee paid by the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 amounted to nil and $0.5 million, respectively.

As of March 31, 2018, approximately 62% of outstanding common shares were held by Avista and Crestview.

Note 16. Subsequent Events

Subsequent to the end of the quarter, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements for a notional amount covering approximately 60% of the outstanding principal balance of the Company’s floating rate debt to mitigate the risk of rising interest rates.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report that are not historical facts contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements represent our goals, beliefs, plans and expectations about our prospects for the future and other future events. Such statements involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical fact and can be identified by terms such as “may,” “intend,” “might,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “believe,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “predict,” “potential,” or the negative of these terms. Although these forward-looking statements reflect our good-faith belief and reasonable judgment based on current information, these statements are qualified by important factors, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to:

· the wide range of competition we face;

· competitors that are larger and possess more resources;

· competition for the leisure and entertainment time of audiences;

· whether our edge-out strategy will succeed;

· dependence upon a business services strategy, including our ability to secure new businesses as customers;

· conditions in the economy, including potentially uncertain economic conditions, unemployment levels and turbulent developments in the housing market;

· demand for our bundled broadband communications services may be lower than we expect;

· our ability to respond to rapid technological change;

· increases in programming and retransmission costs;

· a decline in advertising revenues;

· the effects of regulatory changes in our business;

· our substantial level of indebtedness;

· certain covenants in our debt documents;

· programming exclusivity in favor of our competitors;

· inability to obtain necessary hardware, software and operational support;

· loss of interconnection arrangements;

· failure to receive support from various funds established under federal and state law;

· exposure to credit risk of customers, vendors and third parties;

· strain on business and resources from future acquisitions or joint ventures, or the inability to identify suitable acquisitions;

· potential impairments to our goodwill or franchise operating rights;

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· our ability to manage the risks involved in the foregoing; and

other factors described from time to time in our reports filed or furnished with the SEC, and in particular those factors set forth in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our annual report filed on Form 10-K with the SEC on March 14, 2018 and other reports subsequently filed with the SEC. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements included in this report are made as of the date hereof or the date specified herein, based on information available to us as of such date. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

Overview

We provide high-speed data (“HSD”), cable television (“Video”), voice over IP-based telephony (“Telephony”), and business-class services to a service area that includes approximately 3.1 million homes and businesses. Our services are delivered across nineteen markets via our advanced HFC cable network. Our footprint covers over 300 communities in the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Ohio, South Carolina and Tennessee. Led by our robust HSD offering, our products are available either as a bundle or as an individual service to residential and business services customers. As of March 31, 2018, 798,500 customers subscribed to our services.

Since commencing operations in 2001, our focus has been to offer a competitive alternative cable service and establish a brand with a strong market position. We have scaled our business through (i) organic subscriber growth and increased penetration within our existing markets and footprint, (ii) edge-outs to grow our footprint, (iii) upgrades to introduce enhanced broadband services to networks we have acquired, (iv) entry into business services, with a broad range of HSD, Video and Telephony products, and (v) acquisitions and integration of cable systems.

We operate primarily in economically stable suburbs that are adjacent to large metropolitan areas as well as secondary and tertiary markets, which we believe have favorable competitive and demographic profiles and include businesses operating across a range of industries. We benefit from the ability to augment our footprint by pursuing value-accretive network extensions, or edge-outs, to increase our addressable market and grow our customer base. We have historically made selective capital investments in edge-outs to facilitate growth in residential and business services.

We are focused on efficient capital spending and maximizing adjusted earnings before income taxes, depreciation and amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”) through an Internet-centric growth strategy while maintaining a profitable video subscriber base. Based on our per subscriber economics, we believe that HSD represents the greatest opportunity to enhance profitability across our residential and business markets. We believe that our advanced network is designed to meet our current and future customers’ HSD needs. We offer HSD speeds up to 1 GIG in 95% of our footprint.

Our most significant competitors are other cable television operators, direct broadcast satellite providers and certain telephone companies that offer services that provide features and functionality similar to our HSD, Video and Telephony services. We believe that our strategy of operating primarily in suburban areas provides better operating and financial stability compared to the more competitive environments in large metropolitan markets. We have a history of successfully competing in chosen markets despite the presence of competing incumbent providers through attractive high value bundling of our services and investments in new service offerings.

We believe that a prolonged economic downturn, especially any downturn in the housing market, may negatively impact our ability to attract new subscribers and generate increased revenues. Additional capital and credit market disruptions could cause broader economic downturns, which could also lead to lower demand for our products and lower levels of advertising sales. A slowdown in growth of the housing market could severely affect consumer confidence and may cause increased delinquencies or cancellations by our customers or lead to unfavorable changes in the mix of products purchased.

In addition, we are susceptible to risks associated with the potential financial instability of our vendors and third parties on which we rely to provide products and services or to which we delegate certain functions. The same economic conditions that may affect our customers, as well as volatility and disruption in the capital and credit markets, also could adversely affect vendors and third parties and lead to significant increases in prices, reduction in output or the bankruptcy of our vendors or third parties upon which we rely. In addition, programming costs are a significant part of our operating expenses and are expected to continue to increase primarily as a result of contractual rate increases and additional service offerings.

Ownership and Basis of Presentation

WideOpenWest, LLC commenced operations in 2001. WideOpenWest, LLC was wholly owned by WideOpenWest Kite, Inc., which was wholly owned by Racecar Acquisition, LLC (“Racecar Acquisition”). Racecar Acquisition was a wholly owned subsidiary of WideOpenWest Holdings, LLC (“Parent”).

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WideOpenWest, Inc. was organized in Delaware in July 2012 as WideOpenWest Kite, Inc. WideOpenWest Kite, Inc. subsequently changed its name to WideOpenWest, Inc. in March 2017.

On April 1, 2016, we consummated a restructuring (“Restructuring”) whereby WideOpenWest Finance, LLC (“WOW Finance”) became a wholly owned subsidiary of WOW. Previously, WOW Finance was owned by WideOpenWest Illinois, Inc., WideOpenWest Ohio, Inc., WideOpenWest Cleveland, Inc., WOW Sigecom, Inc. and WOW (collectively, the “Members”). Prior to the Restructuring, the Members were wholly owned subsidiaries of Racecar Acquisition.

As a result of the Restructuring, each of the Members, other than WOW, merged with and into WOW. WOW became the sole subsidiary of Racecar Acquisition and WOW Finance became a wholly owned subsidiary of WOW.

On May 25, 2017, we completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of shares of our common stock, which are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “WOW”. Prior to our IPO, WOW was wholly owned by Racecar Acquisition, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Parent. Subsequent to the IPO, Racecar Acquisition and Parent were liquidated and our shares distributed to their respective members. In the following context, the terms we, us, WOW, or the Company may refer, as the context requires, to WOW or, collectively, WOW and its subsidiaries.

Certain employees of WOW participated in equity plans administered by the Company’s former Parent. The management units from the equity plan were issued from the former Parent’s ownership structure, the management units’ value directly correlated to the results of WOW, as the primary asset of the former Parent’s investment in WOW. The management units for the equity plan have been “pushed down” to the Company, as the management units had been utilized as equity-based compensation for WOW management. Immediately prior to the Company’s IPO, these management units were cancelled.

As of March 31, 2018, Crestview Advisors, LLC (“Crestview”) and Avista Capital Partners (“Avista”) hold approximately 62% of the Company’s outstanding shares.

Stock Repurchase Program

On December 14, 2017, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $50.0 million of our common stock. As of March 26, 2018, we completed the stock repurchase program with total common stock shares repurchased of 5.1 million for $50.0 million.

Interest Rate Swap

Subsequent to the end of the quarter, we entered into interest rate swap agreements for a notional amount covering approximately 60% of the outstanding principal balance of our floating rate debt to mitigate the risk of rising interest rates.

Refinancing of the Term B Loans and Revolving Credit Facility

On July 17, 2017, we entered into an eighth amendment (“Eighth Amendment”) to our Credit Agreement, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as the administrative agent and revolver agent. Under the Eighth Amendment, (i) we borrowed new Term B loans in an aggregate principal amount of $230.5 million, for a total outstanding Term B loan principal amount of $2.28 billion and (ii) the revolving credit commitments were increased by an aggregate principal amount of $100.0 million, for a total outstanding revolving credit commitment of $300.0 million available to us under the revolving credit facility. The new Term B loans will mature on August 19, 2023 and bear interest, at our option, at a rate equal to ABR plus 2.25% or LIBOR plus 3.25%. Loans under the revolving credit facility will mature on May 31, 2022 and bear interest, at our option, at a rate equal to ABR plus 2.00% or LIBOR plus 3.00%. The guarantees, collateral and covenants in the Eighth Amendment remain unchanged from those contained in the credit agreement prior to the Eighth Amendment.

On May 31, 2017, we entered into a seventh amendment (“Seventh Amendment”) to our Credit Agreement. The Seventh Amendment (i) refinanced the existing $200.0 million of borrowings available to us under the revolving credit facility and (ii) extended the maturity date of the revolving credit facility to May 31, 2022. The interest rate margins applicable to the revolving credit facility bore interest at a rate equal to ABR plus 2.00% or LIBOR plus 3.00%. Additionally, we entered into an Incremental Commitment Letter to our revolving credit facility that increased the available borrowings to $300.0 million. The guarantees, collateral and covenants in the Seventh Amendment remain unchanged from those contained in the credit agreement prior to the Seventh Amendment.

Redemption of 10.25% Senior Notes

On March 20, 2017, we utilized cash on hand to redeem $95.1 million in aggregate principal amount outstanding of the 10.25% Senior Notes due 2019 (“Senior Notes”). In addition to the partial redemption, we paid accrued interest on the Senior Notes of

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$1.7 million and a call premium of $4.9 million. We recorded a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $5.0 million, primarily representing the cash call premium paid.

On July 17, 2017, we used the proceeds of the new Term B loans, and borrowed $180.0 million under our revolving credit facility and cash on hand to fully redeem all of the Company’s remaining outstanding Senior Notes and to pay certain fees and expenses. In connection with the redemption of the Senior Notes, we satisfied and discharged the indenture governing the Senior Notes. We paid $729.9 million in principal amount, incurred prepayment fees of $18.7 million and paid accrued interest of $37.6 million.

Sale of Chicago Fiber Network

On December 14, 2017, we finalized the sale of a portion of our fiber network in the Chicago market to a subsidiary of Verizon for $225.0 million in cash. In addition, we and Verizon entered into a new construction agreement pursuant to which we will complete the build-out of the network in exchange for approximately $50.0 million (which approximates our remaining estimate to complete the network build-out), payable as the remaining network elements are completed. The final build-out of the network is expected to be completed during the first half of 2019.

Sale of Lawrence, Kansas System

On January 12, 2017, we and Midcontinent Communications (“MidCo”) consummated an asset purchase agreement under which MidCo acquired our Lawrence, Kansas system for net proceeds of approximately $213.0 million in cash, subject to certain normal and customary purchase price adjustments set forth in the Agreement. The first 12 days of results of our Lawrence, Kansas system are included in the three months ended March 31, 2017 unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements but not included in the three months ended March 31, 2018 unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

In the preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, we are required to make estimates, judgments and assumptions we believe are reasonable based upon the information available, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Critical accounting policies are defined as those policies that are reflective of significant judgments, estimates and uncertainties, which would potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We believe the following accounting policies are the most critical in the preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements because of the judgment necessary to account for these matters and the significant estimates involved, each of which are susceptible to change.

Valuation of Plant, Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets

Carrying Value. The aggregate carrying value of our plant, property and equipment and intangible assets (including franchise operating rights and goodwill) comprised approximately 93% of our total assets at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Plant, property and equipment are recorded at cost and include costs associated with the construction of cable transmission and distribution facilities and new service installations at customer locations. Capitalized costs include materials, labor and certain indirect costs attributable to the capitalization activity. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Upon sale or retirement of an asset, the cost and related depreciation are removed from the related accounts, and resulting gains or losses are reflected in operating results. We make judgments regarding the installation and construction activities to be capitalized. We capitalize direct labor associated with capitalizable activities and indirect cost using standards developed from operational data, including the proportionate time to perform a new installation relative to the total technical operations activities and an evaluation of the nature of the indirect costs incurred to support capitalizable activities. Judgment is required to determine the extent to which indirect costs that have been incurred are related to capitalizable activities and, as a result, should be capitalized. Indirect costs include (i) employee benefits and payroll taxes associated with capitalized direct labor, (ii) direct variable cost of installation and construction vehicle costs, (iii) the direct variable costs of support personnel directly involved in assisting with installation activities, such as dispatchers and (iv) indirect costs directly attributable to capitalizable activities.

Intangible assets consist primarily of acquired franchise operating rights, franchise-related customer relationships and goodwill. Franchise operating rights represent the value attributable to agreements with local franchising authorities, which allows access to homes in the public right of way. Our franchise operating rights were acquired through business combinations. We do not amortize cable franchise operating rights as we have determined that they have an indefinite life. Costs incurred in negotiating and renewing cable franchise agreements are expensed as incurred. Franchise-related customer relationships represent the value of the

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benefit to us of acquiring the existing cable subscriber base and are amortized over the estimated life of the subscriber base, generally four years, on a straight-line basis. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets we acquired in business combinations.

Asset Impairments. Long-lived assets, including plant, property and equipment and intangible assets subject to amortization are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If the total of the expected undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and the carrying value of the asset.

We evaluate the recoverability of our franchise operating rights at least annually on October 1, or more frequently whenever events or substantive changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. Franchise operating rights are evaluated for impairment by comparing the carrying value of the intangible asset to its estimated fair value, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods, at the reporting unit level. Qualitative analysis is performed for franchise assets in the event the previous analysis indicates that there is a significant margin between carrying value of franchise operating rights and estimated fair value of those rights, and that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair values equal or exceed carrying value.

For franchise assets that undergo quantitative analysis, we calculate the estimated fair value of franchise operating rights using the multi-period excess earnings method, an income approach, which calculates the estimated fair value of an intangible asset by discounting its future cash flows. The estimated fair value is determined based on discrete discounted future cash flows attributable to each franchise operating right intangible asset using assumptions consistent with internal forecasts. Key assumptions in estimating fair value under this method include, but are not limited to, revenue and subscriber growth rates (less anticipated customer churn), operating expenditures, capital expenditures (including any build out), market share achieved or market multiples, contributory asset charge rates, tax rates and discount rate. The discount rate used in the model represents a weighted average cost of capital and the perceived risk associated with an intangible asset such as our franchise operating rights. The estimates and assumptions made in our valuations are inherently subject to significant uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, and there is no assurance that these results can be achieved. The primary assumptions for which there is a reasonable possibility of the occurrence of a variation that would significantly affect the measurement value include the assumptions regarding revenue growth, programming expense growth rates, the amount and timing of capital expenditures and the discount rate utilized. Any excess of the carrying value of franchise operating rights over the estimated fair value would be expensed as an impairment loss.

We conduct our cable operations under the authority of state cable television franchises, except in Alabama and parts of Michigan where we continue to operate under local franchises. Our franchises generally have service terms that last from five to 15 years, but we operate in some states that have perpetual terms. All of our term-limited franchise agreements are subject to renewal. The renewal process for our state franchises is specified by state law and tends to be a simple process, requiring the filing of a renewal application with information no more burdensome than that contained in our original application. Although renewal is not assured, there are provisions in the law that protect the Company from arbitrary or unreasonable denial. This is especially true for competitive cable providers like us. In most areas in which we operate, we are a “competitive” operator, meaning that we compete directly in the service area with at least one other franchised cable operator. The Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act of 1992 (the “Cable Act”) says that “a franchising authority may not unreasonably refuse to award an additional competitive franchise.” The Cable Act also provides a formal renewal process that protects cable operators against arbitrary or unreasonable refusals to renew a franchise. In those few areas where we operate under local franchises, we can use this formal renewal process if needed.

In our experience, state and local franchising authorities encourage our entry into the market, as our competitive presence often leads to overall better service, more service options and lower prices. In our and our expert advisors’ experience, it has not been the practice for a franchising authority to deny a cable franchise renewal. We have never had a renewal denied.

We also, at least annually on October 1, evaluate our goodwill for impairment for each reporting unit (which generally are represented by geographical operations of cable systems managed by us), utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods. Qualitative analysis is performed for goodwill in the event the previous analysis indicates that there is a significant margin between carrying value of goodwill and estimated fair value of the reporting units, and that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value equals or exceeds carrying value.

For our quantitative evaluation of our goodwill, we utilize both an income approach as well as a market approach. The income approach utilizes a discounted cash flow analysis to estimate the fair value of each reporting unit, while the market approach utilizes multiples derived from actual precedent transactions of similar businesses, the market value of the Company and market valuations of guideline public companies. Any excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the estimated fair value would be expensed as an impairment loss.

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Fair Value Measurements

GAAP provides guidance for a framework for measuring fair value in the form of a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. Financial assets and liabilities are classified by level in their entirety based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Level 1 inputs are quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted market prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability due to the fact there is no market activity. We record our interest rate swaps at fair value on the balance sheet and perform recurring fair value measurements with respect to these derivative financial instruments. The fair value measurements of our interest rate swaps were determined using cash flow valuation models. The inputs to the cash flow models consist of, or are derived from, observable data for substantially the full term of the swaps. This observable data includes interest and swap rates, yield curves and credit ratings, which are retrieved from available market data. The valuations are then adjusted for our own nonperformance risk as well as the counterparty as required by the provisions of the authoritative guidance using a discounted cash flow technique that accounts for the duration of the interest rate swaps and our and the counterparty’s risk profile.

We also have non-recurring valuations primarily associated with (i) the application of acquisition accounting and (ii) impairment assessments, both of which require that we make fair value determinations as of the applicable valuation date. In making these determinations, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the recorded amounts, including, but not limited to, expected future cash flows, market comparables and discount rates, remaining useful lives of long-lived assets, replacement or reproduction costs of plant, property and equipment and the amounts to be recovered in future periods from acquired net operating losses and other deferred tax assets. To assist us in making these fair value determinations, we may engage third- party valuation specialists. Our estimates in this area impact, among other items, the amount of depreciation and amortization, and any impairment charges that we may report. Our estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain. A significant portion of our long-lived assets were initially recorded through the application of acquisition accounting and all of our long-lived assets are subject to periodic or event-driven impairment assessments.

Legal and Other Contingencies

Legal and other contingencies have a high degree of uncertainty. When a loss from a contingency becomes estimable and probable, a reserve is established. The reserve reflects management’s best estimate of the probable cost of ultimate resolution of the matter and is revised as facts and circumstances change. A reserve is released when a matter is ultimately brought to closure or the statute of limitations lapses. The actual costs of resolving a claim may be substantially different from the amount of reserve we recorded. In addition, in the normal course of business, we are subject to various other legal and regulatory claims and proceedings directed at or involving us, which in our opinion will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations or liquidity.

Programming Agreements

We exercise significant judgment in estimating programming expense associated with certain video programming contracts. Our policy is to record video programming costs based on our contractual agreements with our programming vendors, which are generally multi-year agreements that provide for us to make payments to the programming vendors at agreed upon market rates based on the number of customers to which we provide the programming service. If a programming contract expires prior to the parties’ entry into a new agreement and we continue to distribute the service, we estimate the programming costs during the period there is no contract in place. In doing so, we consider the previous contractual rates, inflation and the status of the negotiations in determining our estimates. When the programming contract terms are finalized, an adjustment to programming expense is recorded, if necessary, to reflect the terms of the new contract. We also make estimates in the recognition of programming expense related to other items, such as the accounting for free periods, timing of rate increases and credits from service interruptions, as well as the allocation of consideration exchanged between the parties in multiple-element transactions.

Significant judgment is also involved when we enter into agreements which result in us receiving cash consideration from the programming vendor, usually in the form of advertising sales, channel positioning fees, launch support or marketing support. In these situations, we must determine based upon facts and circumstances if such cash consideration should be recorded as revenue, a reduction in programming expense or a reduction in another expense category (e.g., marketing).

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the difference is expected to reverse. Additionally, the impact of changes in the tax rates and laws on deferred taxes, if any, is reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in the period of enactment.

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As a result of the Restructuring, WOW Finance became a single member LLC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Restructuring is treated as a change in tax status related to WOW Finance, since a single member LLC is required to record current and deferred income taxes reflecting the results of its operations.

From time to time, we engage in transactions in which the tax consequences may be subject to uncertainty. Examples of such transactions include business acquisitions and dispositions, including dispositions designed to be tax-deferred transactions for tax purposes, investments and certain financing transactions. Significant judgment is required in assessing and estimating the tax consequences of these transactions. We prepare and file tax returns based on interpretations of tax laws and regulations. In the normal course of business, our tax returns are subject to examination by various taxing authorities. Such examinations may result in future tax, interest and penalty assessments by these taxing authorities. In determining our income tax provision for financial reporting purposes, we establish a reserve for uncertain income tax positions unless such positions are determined to be more likely than not of being sustained upon examination, based on their technical merits, and, accordingly, for financial reporting purposes, we only recognize tax benefits taken on the tax return that we believe are more likely than not of being sustained. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether positions taken on the tax return are more likely than not of being sustained.

We adjust our tax reserve estimates periodically because of ongoing examinations by, and settlements with, the various taxing authorities, as well as changes in tax laws, regulations and interpretations. The condensed consolidated income tax provision of any given year includes adjustments to prior year income tax accruals that are considered appropriate and any related estimated interest. Our policy is to recognize, when applicable, interest and penalties on uncertain income tax positions as part of income tax provision.

Homes Passed and Subscribers

We report homes passed as the number of serviceable addresses, such as single residence homes, apartments and condominium units, and businesses passed by our broadband network and listed in our database. We report total subscribers as the number of subscribers who receive at least one of our HSD, Video or Telephony services, without regard to which or how many services they subscribe. We define each of the individual HSD subscribers, Video subscribers and Telephony subscribers as a revenue generating unit (“RGU”). The following table summarizes homes passed, total subscribers and total RGUs for our services as of each respective date and does not make adjustment for any of the Company’s acquisitions or divestitures:

	Dec. 31, 2016(1)	Mar. 31, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017(2)	Mar. 31, 2018
Homes passed	3,094,300	3,047,800	3,072,500	3,097,500	3,109,200	3,129,300
Total subscribers	803,400	780,100	776,500	776,400	777,300	798,500
HSD RGUs	747,400	729,000	727,600	730,000	732,700	743,900
Video RGUs	501,400	474,000	458,200	442,500	432,600	429,000
Telephony RGUs	258,100	243,000	235,400	226,200	219,900	218,300
Total RGUs	1,506,900	1,446,000	1,421,200	1,398,700	1,385,200	1,391,200

(1) Includes the following homes passed and subscriber numbers related to our Lawrence, Kansas system which was divested on January 12, 2017: homes passed was 68,000; total subscribers was 31,100; HSD RGUs was 28,500; Video RGUs was 15,000; Telephony RGUs was 7,000; and Total RGUs was 50,500.

(2) Statistical reporting was standardized to a single reporting methodology beginning in the first quarter of 2018. Previously, the data was maintained and accumulated separately through independent processes and procedures. The standardized reporting had the following increase/(decrease) on December 31, 2017 homes passed and subscriber numbers: homes passed (700); total subscribers 14,200; HSD RGUs 2,500; Video RGUs 4,100; Telephony RGUs 2,700; and Total RGUs 9,300.

The following table displays the homes passed and subscribers related to the Company’s edge-out activities:

	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2018
Homes passed	39,300	55,700	75,000	96,200	104,800	107,400
Total subscribers	9,000	13,000	16,900	22,700	26,400	28,600
HSD RGUs	9,000	13,000	16,800	22,600	26,200	28,300
Video RGUs	5,400	7,600	9,700	12,500	14,400	15,200
Telephony RGUs	1,900	2,800	3,700	4,500	5,200	5,600
Total RGUs	16,300	23,400	30,200	39,600	45,800	49,100

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Subscriber information for acquired entities is preliminary and subject to adjustment until we have completed our review of such information and determined that it is presented in accordance with our policies. While we take appropriate steps to ensure subscriber information is presented on a consistent and accurate basis at any given balance sheet date, we periodically review our policies in light of the variability we may encounter across our different markets due to the nature and pricing of products and services and billing systems. Accordingly, we may from time to time make appropriate adjustments to our subscriber information based on such reviews.

Financial Statement Presentation

Revenue

Our operating revenue is primarily derived from monthly charges for HSD, Video, and Telephony to residential and business customers, other business services, advertising and other revenues.

· HSD revenue consists primarily of fixed monthly fees for data service, rental of modems, and revenue recognized related to deferred installation costs for data services.

· Video revenue consists of fixed monthly fees for basic, premium and digital cable television services, rental of video converter equipment, revenue recognized related to deferred installation costs for video service and certain regulatory and ancillary customer fees, as well as fees from pay-per-view, video-on-demand and other events that involve a charge for each viewing.

· Telephony revenue consists primarily of fixed monthly fees for local service and enhanced services, such as call waiting and voice mail, revenue recognized related to deferred installation costs for telephony service and certain regulatory and ancillary customer fees, as well as measured and flat rate long-distance service.

· Other business service revenue consists of session initiated protocol, web hosting, metro Ethernet, wireless backhaul, broadband carrier services, dark fiber sales, advanced collocation and cloud infrastructure services.

· Other revenue consists primarily of advertising, late fees, line assurance warranty program, program guides and commissions related to the sale of merchandise by home shopping services.

Revenues attributable to monthly subscription fees charged to customers for our HSD, Video and Telephony services provided by our cable systems were 92% and 87% of total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The remaining percentage of non-subscription revenue is derived primarily from advertising revenues, cloud services and collocation.

Costs and Expenses

Our expenses primarily consist of operating, selling, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization expense, and interest expense.

Operating expenses primarily include programming costs, data costs, transport costs and network access fees related to our HSD and Telephony services, cable service related expenses, costs of dark fiber sales, network operations and maintenance services, customer service and call center expenses, bad debt, billing and collection expenses, franchise fees and other regulatory fees.

Selling, general and administrative expenses primarily include salaries and benefits of corporate and field management, sales and marketing personnel, human resources and related administrative costs.

Operating and selling, general and administrative expenses exclude depreciation and amortization expense, which is presented separately in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Depreciation and amortization includes depreciation of our broadband networks and equipment, buildings and leasehold improvements and amortization of other intangible assets with definite lives primarily related to acquisitions.

Realized and unrealized gain on derivative instruments, net includes adjustments to fair value for the various interest rate swaps and caps we enter into on the required portions of our outstanding variable debt. As we do not use hedge accounting for financial reporting purposes, at the end of each reporting period, the adjustments to fair value of our interest rate swaps and caps are recorded to earnings.

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We control our costs of operations by maintaining strict controls on expenditures. More specifically, we are focused on managing our cost structure by improving workforce productivity, increasing the effectiveness of our purchasing activities and maintaining discipline in customer acquisition. We expect programming expenses to continue to increase due to a variety of factors, including increased demands by owners of some broadcast stations for carriage of other services or payments to those broadcasters for retransmission consent and annual increases imposed by programmers with additional selling power as a result of media consolidation. We have not been able to fully pass these increases on to our customers without the loss of customers, nor do we expect to be able to do so in the future.

Results of operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017:

	Three months ended March 31,						Change
	2018			2017			$			%
	(in millions)
Revenue	$	285.5		$	300.0		$	(14.5	)	(5	)%
Costs and expenses:
Operating (excluding depreciation and amortization)	157.9			159.8			(1.9		)		*
Selling, general and administrative	39.7			30.3			9.4			31	%
Depreciation and amortization	46.3			50.3			(4.0		)	(8	)%
Impairment losses on intangibles and goodwill	256.4			—			256.4				*
Management fee to related party	—			0.5			(0.5		)		*
	500.3			240.9			259.4				*
(Loss) income from operations	(214.8		)	59.1			(273.9		)		*
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(29.1		)	(45.7		)	16.6			36	%
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			(5.0		)	5.0				*
Gain on sale of system dispositions	—			38.7			(38.7		)		*
Other income, net	—			1.4			(1.4		)		*
(Loss) income before provision for income taxes	(243.9		)	48.5			(292.4		)		*
Income tax benefit	41.2			23.9			17.3			72	%
Net (loss) income	$	(202.7	)	$	72.4		$	(275.1	)		*

* Not meaningful

Three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017

Revenue

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2018 decreased $14.5 million, or 5%, as compared to revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,				Change
	2018		2017		$			%
	(in millions)
Residential subscription	$	232.1	$	232.4	$	(0.3	)		*
Business services subscription	31.4		28.1		3.3			12	%
Total subscription	263.5		260.5		3.0				*
Other business services	7.2		11.1		(3.9		)	(35	)%
Other	14.8		28.4		(13.6		)	(48	)%
	$	285.5	$	300.0	$	(14.5	)	(5	)%

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Total subscription revenue increased $3.0 million, or 1%, during the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. Contributing to the increase was approximately $8.9 million related to adjustments for the new revenue recognition accounting guidance, partially offset by a decrease of $1.3 million related to the disposition of our Lawrence, Kansas system on January 12, 2017.

After accounting for these non-recurring changes in revenue, the resulting decline of $4.6 million in subscription revenue is primarily due to a $14.8 million reduction in average total RGUs, partially offset by an $10.2 million increase in the average revenue per unit (“ARPU”) of our customer base, which is calculated as subscription revenue for each of the HSD, Video and Telephony services divided by the average total RGUs for each service category for the respective period.

The decrease in other business services revenue of $3.9 million, or 35%, is primarily due to decreased revenue generated by network construction activities and the sale of the Chicago fiber assets and associated wholesale customers.

The decrease in other revenue of $13.6 million, or 48%, is primarily due to a decrease in advertising revenues and a reclassification of franchise fees to residential video subscription revenue in accordance with the new revenue recognition accounting guidance for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017.

The following table details subscription revenue by service offering for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017:

	Three months ended March 31,						Subscription Revenue
	2018			2017			Change
	Subscription Revenue		Average RGUs(1)	Subscription Revenue		Average RGUs(1)	$			%
	(in millions)		(in thousands)	(in millions)		(in thousands)
HSD subscription	$	111.7	738.3	$	96.9	738.2	$	14.8		15	%
Video subscription	121.8		430.8	128.7		487.7	(6.9		)	(5	)%
Telephony subscription	30.0		219.1	34.9		250.5	(4.9		)	(14	)%
	$	263.5		$	260.5		$	3.0		1	%

(1) Average subscribers, presented in thousands, is calculated based on reported subscribers and is not adjusted for changes related to the disposition of our Lawrence, Kansas system.

HSD Subscription

HSD subscription revenue increased $14.8 million, or 15%, during the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The increase in HSD subscription revenue is primarily attributable to an increase of $0.9 million related to new revenue recognition accounting guidance, partially offset by a decrease of $0.6 million related to the disposition of our Lawrence, Kansas system on January 12, 2017.

After accounting for these non-recurring changes in revenue, the remaining increase of $14.5 million in HSD subscription revenue is primarily due to a $2.1 million increase in average HSD RGUs and a $12.4 million increase in HSD ARPU.

Video Subscription

Video subscription revenue decreased $6.9 million, or 5%, during the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The decrease is primarily attributable to an increase of $9.6 million related to new revenue recognition accounting guidance, partially offset by a decrease of $0.6 million related to the disposition of our Lawrence, Kansas system on January 12, 2017.

After accounting for these non-recurring changes in revenue, the resulting decrease of $15.9 million in Video subscription revenue is primarily due to a $12.9 million decrease in average Video RGUs and a $3.0 million decrease in Video ARPU.

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Telephony Subscription

Telephony subscription revenue decreased $4.9 million, or 14%, during the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The decrease is attributable to a $1.6 million decrease related to new revenue recognition accounting guidance and $0.2 million decrease related to the disposition of our Lawrence, Kansas system on January 12, 2017.

After accounting for these non-recurring changes in revenue, the remaining $3.1 million decrease in Telephony subscription revenue is primarily due to a $4.0 million decrease in average Telephony RGUs, partially offset by a $0.9 million increase in Telephony ARPU.

Operating expenses (excluding depreciation and amortization)

Operating expenses (excluding depreciation and amortization) declined $1.9 million from the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. While operating expenses remained fairly consistent period over period, we experienced slight increases in employee related costs and bad debt, partially offset by increased eligible capitalizable costs.

Incremental contribution

A presentation of incremental contribution, a non-GAAP measure, is included below.

Incremental contribution is included herein because we believe that it is a key metric used by our management to assess the financial performance of the business by showing how the relative relationship of the various components of subscription services contributes to our overall consolidated historical results. Our management further believes that it provides useful information to investors in evaluating our financial condition and results of operations because the additional detail illustrates how an incremental dollar of revenue, by particular service type, generates cash, before any unallocated costs are considered, which we believe is a key component of our overall strategy and important for understanding what drives our cash flow position relative to our historical results. We believe that when evaluating our business, investors apply varying degrees of importance to the different types of subscription revenue we generate and providing supplemental detail on these services, as well as third party costs associated with each service, is useful to investors because it allows investors to better evaluate these aspects of our performance. Incremental contribution is defined by us as the components of subscription revenue, less costs directly incurred from third parties in connection with the provision of such services to our customers.

Incremental contribution is not made in accordance with GAAP and our use of the term incremental contribution varies from others in our industry. Incremental contribution has important limitations as an analytical tool and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP as it does not identify or allocate any other operating costs and expenses that are components of our income from operations to specific subscription revenues as we do not measure or record such costs and expenses in a manner that would allow attribution to a specific component of subscription revenue. Accordingly, incremental contribution should not be considered as an alternative to operating income or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP as measures of operating performance or operating cash flows, or as measures of liquidity.

The following tables provide the most comparable GAAP measurements (i.e. income from operations) for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017:

	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
	(in millions)
(Loss) income from operations	$	(214.8	)	$	59.1

Incremental contribution for the provision of such services for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

	Three months ended March 31,				Change
	2018		2017		$		%
	(in millions)
HSD subscription revenue	$	111.7	$	96.9	$	14.8	15	%
HSD expenses(1)	3.7		3.3		0.4		12	%
HSD incremental contribution	$	108.0	$	93.6	$	14.4

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	Three months ended March 31,				Change
	2018		2017		$			%
	(in millions)
Video subscription revenue	$	121.8	$	128.7	$	(6.9	)	(5	)%
Video expenses(2)	94.4		88.8		5.6			6	%
Video incremental contribution	$	27.4	$	39.9	$	(12.5	)

	Three months ended March 31,				Change
	2018		2017		$			%
	(in millions)
Telephony subscription revenue	$	30.0	$	34.9	$	(4.9	)	(14	)%
Telephony expenses(3)	3.4		3.3		0.1			3	%
Telephony incremental contribution	$	26.6	$	31.6	$	(5.0	)

(1) HSD expenses represent costs incurred from third-party vendors related to maintaining our network and internet connectivity fees.

(2) Video expenses represent fees paid to content providers for programming.

(3) Telephony expenses represent costs incurred from third-party providers for circuit rental, interconnectivity and switching costs.

The following table provides a reconciliation of incremental contribution to income from operations, which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure, for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017:

	Three months ended March 31,
	2018			2017
	(in millions)
(Loss) income from operations	$	(214.8	)	$	59.1
Revenue (excluding subscription revenue)	(22.0		)	(39.5		)
Other non-allocated operating expense (excluding depreciation and amortization)(1)	56.4			64.4
Selling, general and administrative(1)	39.7			30.3
Depreciation and amortization(1)	46.3			50.3
Impairment losses on intangibles and goodwill (1)	256.4			—
Management fee to related party(1)	—			0.5
	$	162.0		$	165.1
HSD incremental contribution	$	108.0		$	93.6
Video incremental contribution	27.4			39.9
Telephony incremental contribution	26.6			31.6
Total incremental contribution	$	162.0		$	165.1

(1) Operating expenses (other than third-party direct expenses excluding depreciation and amortization); selling, general and administrative; depreciation and amortization; impairment losses on intangibles and goodwill; and management fees to related party are not allocated by product or location for either internal or external reporting.

Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $9.4 million, or 31%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The increase is primarily due to higher employee related non-cash compensation cost. Partially offsetting the overall increase is a decrease in commission expense due to the impact of the new revenue recognition accounting guidance.

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Depreciation and amortization expenses

Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased $4.0 million, or 8%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The decrease is primarily due to the disposition of Chicago fiber assets.

Impairment Losses on Intangibles and Goodwill

As a result of a decline in the Company’s stock price during the three months ended March 31, 2018, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $143.2 million related to certain franchise operating rights and a $113.2 million non-cash impairment charge of goodwill in certain of our markets. The primary driver of the impairment charges was decline in the price of our common stock, which reduced the market multiples utilized to determine estimated fair market values of indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill in certain reporting units. See Note 6 — Franchise Operating Rights & Goodwill for discussion of non-cash impairment charges recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Management fee to related party expenses

Prior to our IPO, we paid a quarterly management fee of approximately $0.4 million per quarter plus any travel and miscellaneous expenses to Avista. In addition, pursuant to a consulting agreement dated as of December 18, 2015 by and among former Parent, Avista and Crestview, Crestview is entitled to 50% of any management fee actually received by Avista. In connection with our IPO, this obligation terminated and we no longer pay any management fee to Avista or Crestview.

Interest expense

Interest expense decreased $16.6 million, or 36%, in the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017. The decrease is primarily due lower overall debt and a lower blended rate mainly related to the redemption of the 10.25% Senior Notes on July 17, 2017.

Income tax expense

We reported total income tax benefit of $41.2 million and $23.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The income tax benefit reported during the three months ended March 31, 2018 is primarily due to recording a non-cash impairment charge on certain franchise operating rights and goodwill. As a result of this impairment, we have recorded an income tax benefit of approximately $46.1 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At March 31, 2018, we had $125.3 million in current assets, including $36.5 million in cash and cash equivalents, and $195.4 million in current liabilities. Our outstanding consolidated debt and capital lease obligations aggregated $2,246.5 million, of which $24.0 million is classified as current in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of such date.

On December 14, 2017, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to $50.0 million of our common stock. As of March 26, 2018, we completed the stock repurchase program with total common stock shares repurchased of 5.1 million for $50.0 million.

On December 14, 2017, we completed our asset purchase agreement with a subsidiary of Verizon and entered into a Construction Services Agreement pursuant to which we will complete the build-out of the network in exchange for approximately $50.0 million. The $50.0 million will be payable as such network elements are completed. We have spent approximately $17.3 million on the construction as of March 31, 2018.

We are required to prepay principal amounts under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities credit agreement if we generate excess cash flow, as defined in the credit agreement. As of March 31, 2018, we had borrowing capacity of $292.8 million under our Revolving Credit Facility and were in compliance with all our debt covenants. Accordingly, we believe that we have sufficient resources to fund our obligations and anticipated liquidity requirements in the foreseeable future.

Historical Operating, Investing, and Financing Activities

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities increased from $30.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $74.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The increase is primarily due to working capital fluctuations regarding the timing of payables and accrued liabilities and an increase in operating earnings after non-cash adjustments.

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Investing Activities

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities decreased from $135.8 million cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $56.3 million cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The decrease is attributable to net cash proceeds from the sale of our Lawrence, Kansas system in 2017 in the amount of $213.0 million in combination with a decrease in capital expenditures of $22.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2017.

We have ongoing capital expenditure requirements related to the maintenance, expansion and technological upgrades of our cable network. Capital expenditures are funded primarily through a combination of cash on hand and cash flow from operations. Our capital expenditures were $56.5 million and $79.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The $22.7 million decrease from the three months ended March 31, 2017 to the three months ended March 31, 2018 is primarily due to the decrease in capital expenditures related to the Chicago fiber network.

The following table sets forth additional information regarding our capital expenditures for the periods presented:

	For the three months ended March 31,
	2018		2017
	(in millions)
Capital Expenditures
Customer premise equipment(1)	$	21.6	$	26.0
Scalable infrastructure(2)	7.5		4.7
Line extensions(3)	16.2		38.5
Upgrade / rebuild(4)	—		0.2
Support capital(5)	11.2		9.8
Total	$	56.5	$	79.2
Capital expenditures included in total related to:
Edge-outs(6)	$	4.6	$	9.5
Business services(7)	$	13.3	$	31.2

(1) Customer premise equipment, or CPE, includes equipment and installation costs incurred to deliver services to residential and business services customers. CPE includes the costs of acquiring and installing our set-top boxes and modems, as well as the cost of customer connections to our network.

(2) Scalable infrastructure includes costs, not directly related to customer acquisition activity, to support new customer growth and provide service enhancements (e.g., headend equipment).

(3) Line extensions include costs associated with new home development within our footprint and edge-outs (e.g., fiber / coaxial cable, amplifiers, electronic equipment, make-ready and design engineering).

(4) Upgrade / rebuild includes costs to modify or replace existing HFC network, including enhancements.

(5) Support capital includes all other non-network-related costs to support day-to-day operations, including land, buildings, vehicles, office equipment, tools and test equipment.

(6) Edge-outs represent costs to extend our network into new adjacent service areas, including the associated CPE.

(7) Business services represent costs associated with the build-out of our network to support business services customers, including the associated CPE.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities decreased from $110.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 to $51.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The decrease is primarily due to lower cash payments on lower outstanding debt of $6.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to $110.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. Partially offsetting the decrease is $45.2 million associated with our share buyback program.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our exposure to market risk is limited and primarily related to fluctuating interest rates associated with our variable rate indebtedness under our Senior Secured Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2018, borrowings under our Term B Loans and Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at our option at a rate equal to either an adjusted LIBOR rate (which is subject to a minimum rate of 1.00% for Term B Loans) or an ABR (which is subject to a minimum rate of 1.00% for Term B Loans), plus the applicable margin. The applicable margins for the Term B Loans is 3.25% for adjusted LIBOR loans and 2.25% for ABR loans. The applicable margin for borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility is 3.00% for adjusted LIBOR loans and 2.00% for ABR loans. A hypothetical 100 basis point (1%) change in LIBOR interest rates (based on the interest rates in effect under our Senior Secured Credit Facility as of March 31, 2018) would result in an annual interest expense change of up to approximately $22.7 million on our Senior Secured Credit Facility.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures with respect to the information generated for use in this quarterly report. The evaluation was based in part upon reports and certifications provided by a number of executives. Based upon, and as of the date of that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurances that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based upon the above evaluation, we believe that our controls provide such reasonable assurances.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

On January 1, 2018, we adopted Accounting Standards Codification 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and as a result, we have incorporated internal controls over significant process changes for revenue recognition that we believe to be appropriate and necessary in consideration of the related integration of the new standard. There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2018, which were identified in connection with management’s evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

In accordance with GAAP, WOW accrues an expense for pending litigation when it determines an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Legal defense costs are expensed as incurred. None of the Company’s existing accruals for pending matters is material. WOW regularly monitors its pending litigation for the purpose of adjusting its accruals and revising its disclosures accordingly, in accordance with GAAP, when required. Litigation is, however, subject to uncertainty, and the outcome of any particular matter is not predictable. The Company vigorously defends its interest in pending litigation, and as of this date, WOW believes the ultimate resolution of all such matters, after considering insurance coverage or other indemnities to which it is entitled, will not have a material adverse effect on the condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations, or our cash flows.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 includes “Risk Factors” under Item 1A of Part 1. There have been no material changes from the updated risk factors described in our Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Proceeds and Use of Proceeds

Use of Proceeds from Initial Public Offering

The Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-216894) for the initial public offering of our common stock was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 24, 2017.

There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our IPO as described in our final prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 25, 2017 pursuant to Rule 424(b)(4).

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

The following table presents WOW’s purchases of equity securities completed during the first quarter of 2018 (dollars in millions, except per share amounts):

Period	Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that may Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)
January 1 – 31, 2018	1,799,814	$	10.50	2,260,987	$	26.2
February 1 – 28, 2018	1,301,712	$	10.11	3,562,699	$	13.1
March 1 – 31, 2018	1,523,511	$	8.90	5,086,210	$	—

(1) On December 14, 2017, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $50.0 million of common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company purchased 4,625,037 shares of common stock for approximately $45.2 million. As of March 26, 2018, we completed the stock repurchase program with total common stock shares repurchased of 5.1 million.

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Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit
Number

Exhibit Description

Form

File Number

Date of First
Filing

Exhibit
Number

Filed
Herewith

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 10A, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 10A, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

* Filed herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	WIDEOPENWEST, INC.

May 11, 2018	By:	/s/ TERESA ELDER
		Teresa Elder
		Chief Executive Officer

	By:	/s/ RICHARD E. FISH, JR.
		Richard E. Fish, Jr.
		Chief Financial Officer