WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORP - Quarter Report: 2017 March (Form 10-Q)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

_________________________________________



þ	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017



¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-35077

_____________________________________

WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Illinois	36-3873352
(State of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

9700 W. Higgins Road, Suite 800

Rosemont, Illinois 60018

(Address of principal executive offices)

(847) 939-9000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

______________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):



Large accelerated filer	þ		Accelerated filer	¨
Non-accelerated filer	¨	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	¨
Emerging growth company	¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No þ

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock — no par value, 55,658,790 shares, as of April 30, 2017

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TABLE OF CONTENTS



		Page
	PART I. — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.	Financial Statements	1
ITEM 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	51
ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks	84
ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures	86
	PART II. — OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings	87
ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	87
ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	88
ITEM 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	NA
ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	NA
ITEM 5.	Other Information	NA
ITEM 6.	Exhibits	88
	Signatures	89
	Index of Exhibits	90

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PART I

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION

	(Unaudited)						(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2016
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	214,102		$	267,194		$	208,480
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	3,046			2,851			3,820
Interest bearing deposits with banks	1,007,468			980,457			817,013
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value	1,803,733			1,724,667			770,983
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost ($647.9 million, $607.6 million and $924.3 million fair value at March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016 respectively)	667,764			635,705			911,715
Trading account securities	714			1,989			2,116
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock	78,904			133,494			113,222
Brokerage customer receivables	23,171			25,181			28,266
Mortgage loans held-for-sale	288,964			418,374			314,554
Loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	19,931,058			19,703,172			17,446,413
Covered loans	52,359			58,145			138,848
Total loans	19,983,417			19,761,317			17,585,261
Allowance for loan losses	(125,819		)	(122,291		)	(110,171		)
Allowance for covered loan losses	(1,319		)	(1,322		)	(2,507		)
Net loans	19,856,279			19,637,704			17,472,583
Premises and equipment, net	598,746			597,301			591,608
Lease investments, net	155,233			129,402			89,337
Accrued interest receivable and other assets	560,741			593,796			647,853
Trade date securities receivable	—			—			1,008,613
Goodwill	499,341			498,587			484,280
Other intangible assets	20,687			21,851			23,725
Total assets	$	25,778,893		$	25,668,553		$	23,488,168
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing	$	5,790,579		$	5,927,377		$	5,205,410
Interest bearing	15,939,862			15,731,255			14,011,661
Total deposits	21,730,441			21,658,632			19,217,071
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	227,585			153,831			799,482
Other borrowings	238,787			262,486			253,126
Subordinated notes	138,993			138,971			138,888
Junior subordinated debentures	253,566			253,566			253,566
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities	424,538			505,450			407,593
Total liabilities	23,013,910			22,972,936			21,069,726
Shareholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, no par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized:
Series C - $1,000 liquidation value; 126,257 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March, 2016, respectively	126,257			126,257			126,257
Series D - $25 liquidation value; 5,000,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, respectively	125,000			125,000			125,000
Common stock, no par value; $1.00 stated value; 100,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016; 52,605,401 shares issued at March 31, 2017, 51,978,289 shares issued at December 31, 2016 and 48,608,559 shares issued at March 31, 2016	52,605			51,978			48,608
Surplus	1,381,886			1,365,781			1,194,750
Treasury stock, at cost, 101,738 shares at March 31, 2017, 97,749 shares at December 31, 2016, and 89,561 shares at March 31, 2016	(4,884		)	(4,589		)	(4,145		)
Retained earnings	1,143,943			1,096,518			967,882
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(59,824		)	(65,328		)	(39,910		)
Total shareholders’ equity	2,764,983			2,695,617			2,418,442
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	25,778,893		$	25,668,553		$	23,488,168

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016
Interest income
Interest and fees on loans	$	199,314		$	173,127
Interest bearing deposits with banks	1,623			746
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	1			1
Investment securities	13,573			17,190
Trading account securities	11			11
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock	1,070			937
Brokerage customer receivables	167			219
Total interest income	215,759			192,231
Interest expense
Interest on deposits	16,270			12,781
Interest on Federal Home Loan Bank advances	1,590			2,886
Interest on other borrowings	1,139			1,058
Interest on subordinated notes	1,772			1,777
Interest on junior subordinated debentures	2,408			2,220
Total interest expense	23,179			20,722
Net interest income	192,580			171,509
Provision for credit losses	5,209			8,034
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	187,371			163,475
Non-interest income
Wealth management	20,148			18,320
Mortgage banking	21,938			21,735
Service charges on deposit accounts	8,265			7,406
(Losses) gains on investment securities, net	(55		)	1,325
Fees from covered call options	759			1,712
Trading losses, net	(320		)	(168		)
Operating lease income, net	5,782			2,806
Other	12,248			15,616
Total non-interest income	68,765			68,752
Non-interest expense
Salaries and employee benefits	99,316			95,811
Equipment	9,002			8,767
Operating lease equipment depreciation	4,636			2,050
Occupancy, net	13,101			11,948
Data processing	7,925			6,519
Advertising and marketing	5,150			3,779
Professional fees	4,660			4,059
Amortization of other intangible assets	1,164			1,298
FDIC insurance	4,156			3,613
OREO expense, net	1,665			560
Other	17,343			15,326
Total non-interest expense	168,118			153,730
Income before taxes	88,018			78,497
Income tax expense	29,640			29,386
Net income	$	58,378		$	49,111
Preferred stock dividends	3,628			3,628
Net income applicable to common shares	$	54,750		$	45,483
Net income per common share—Basic	$	1.05		$	0.94
Net income per common share—Diluted	$	1.00		$	0.90
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.14		$	0.12
Weighted average common shares outstanding	52,267			48,448
Dilutive potential common shares	4,160			3,820
Average common shares and dilutive common shares	56,427			52,268

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)



	Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016
Net income	$	58,378		$	49,111
Unrealized gains on securities
Before tax	7,379			25,176
Tax effect	(2,900		)	(9,988		)
Net of tax	4,479			15,188
Reclassification of net (losses) gains included in net income
Before tax	(55		)	1,325
Tax effect	21			(521		)
Net of tax	(34		)	804
Reclassification of amortization of unrealized gains and losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale
Before tax	1,428			(3,425		)
Tax effect	(561		)	1,339
Net of tax	867			(2,086		)
Net unrealized gains on securities	3,646			16,470
Unrealized gains on derivative instruments
Before tax	1,615			478
Tax effect	(634		)	(188		)
Net unrealized gains on derivative instruments	981			290
Foreign currency adjustment
Before tax	1,215			8,347
Tax effect	(338		)	(2,309		)
Net foreign currency adjustment	877			6,038
Total other comprehensive income	5,504			22,798
Comprehensive income	$	63,882		$	71,909

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands)	Preferred stock			Common stock		Surplus			Treasury stock			Retained earnings			Accumulated other comprehensive loss			Total shareholders’ equity
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	251,287		$	48,469	$	1,190,988		$	(3,973	)	$	928,211		$	(62,708	)	$	2,352,274
Net income	—			—		—			—			49,111			—			49,111
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—			—		—			—			—			22,798			22,798
Cash dividends declared on common stock	—			—		—			—			(5,812		)	—			(5,812		)
Dividends on preferred stock	—			—		—			—			(3,628		)	—			(3,628		)
Stock-based compensation	—			—		2,484			—			—			—			2,484
Conversion of Series C preferred stock to common stock	(30		)	1		29			—			—			—			—
Common stock issued for:
Exercise of stock options and warrants	—			17		124			—			—			—			141
Restricted stock awards	—			82		106			(172		)	—			—			16
Employee stock purchase plan	—			14		634			—			—			—			648
Director compensation plan	—			25		385			—			—			—			410
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	251,257		$	48,608	$	1,194,750		$	(4,145	)	$	967,882		$	(39,910	)	$	2,418,442
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	251,257		$	51,978	$	1,365,781		$	(4,589	)	$	1,096,518		$	(65,328	)	$	2,695,617
Net income	—			—		—			—			58,378			—			58,378
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—			—		—			—			—			5,504			5,504
Cash dividends declared on common stock	—			—		—			—			(7,325		)	—			(7,325		)
Dividends on preferred stock	—			—		—			—			(3,628		)	—			(3,628		)
Stock-based compensation	—			—		2,918			—			—			—			2,918
Common stock issued for:
Exercise of stock options and warrants	—			512		12,272			—			—			—			12,784
Restricted stock awards	—			74		(74		)	(295		)	—			—			(295		)
Employee stock purchase plan	—			9		615			—			—			—			624
Director compensation plan	—			32		374			—			—			—			406
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	251,257		$	52,605	$	1,381,886		$	(4,884	)	$	1,143,943		$	(59,824	)	$	2,764,983

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)



	Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016
Operating Activities:
Net income	$	58,378		$	49,111
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Provision for credit losses	5,209			8,034
Depreciation, amortization and accretion, net	14,437			13,610
Stock-based compensation expense	2,918			2,484
Net amortization of premium on securities	1,732			632
Accretion of discount on loans	(6,439		)	(8,276		)
Mortgage servicing rights fair value change, net	789			(1,036		)
Originations and purchases of mortgage loans held-for-sale	(722,467		)	(736,648		)
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held-for-sale	867,924			826,419
Bank owned life insurance ("BOLI") income	(985		)	(472		)
Decrease (increase) in trading securities, net	1,275			(1,668		)
Net decrease (increase) in brokerage customer receivables	2,010			(635		)
Gains on mortgage loans sold	(16,047		)	(16,287		)
Losses (gains) on investment securities, net	55			(1,325		)
Gains on early extinguishment of debt	—			(4,305		)
(Gains) losses on sales of premises and equipment, net	(163		)	21
Net losses (gains) on sales and fair value adjustments of other real estate owned	828			(119		)
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable and other assets, net	3,635			(75,172		)
(Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable and other liabilities, net	(83,348		)	12,187
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	129,741			66,555
Investing Activities:
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities	43,688			26,128
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities	258			181
Proceeds from sales and calls of available-for-sale securities	6,005			3,201
Proceeds from calls of held-to-maturity securities	51,060			98,243
Purchases of available-for-sale securities	(124,227		)	(39,267		)
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities	(84,890		)	(125,208		)
Redemption (purchase) of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock, net	54,590			(11,641		)
Net cash paid in business combinations	(284		)	(17,452		)
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned	3,961			10,341
Proceeds received from the FDIC related to reimbursements on covered assets	386			363
Net increase in interest bearing deposits with banks	(27,011		)	(204,994		)
Net increase in loans	(219,047		)	(248,893		)
Purchases of premises and equipment, net	(10,823		)	(8,677		)
Net Cash Used for Investing Activities	(306,334		)	(517,675		)
Financing Activities:
Increase in deposit accounts	71,862			477,466
Decrease in subordinated notes and other borrowings, net	(23,732		)	(12,700		)
Increase (decrease) in Federal Home Loan Bank advances, net	73,000			(58,466		)
Redemption of junior subordinated debentures, net	—			(10,695		)
Issuance of common shares resulting from the exercise of stock options, employee stock purchase plan and conversion of common stock warrants	13,814			1,632
Common stock repurchases for tax withholdings related to stock-based compensation	(295		)	(172		)
Dividends paid	(10,953		)	(9,440		)
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities	123,696			387,625
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents	(52,897		)	(63,495		)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period	270,045			275,795
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period	$	217,148		$	212,300

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(1) Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of Wintrust Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries (“Wintrust” or “the Company”) presented herein are unaudited, but in the opinion of management reflect all necessary adjustments of a normal or recurring nature for a fair presentation of results as of the dates and for the periods covered by the consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and do not include information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations or cash flows in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). The consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (“2016 Form 10-K”). Operating results reported for the period are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire year. Reclassifications of certain prior period amounts have been made to conform to the current period presentation.

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. Management believes that the estimates made are reasonable, however, changes in estimates may be required if economic or other conditions develop differently from management’s expectations. Certain policies and accounting principles inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments and as such have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. Management views critical accounting policies to be those which are highly dependent on subjective or complex judgments, estimates and assumptions, and where changes in those estimates and assumptions could have a significant impact on the financial statements. Management currently views the determination of the allowance for loan losses, allowance for covered loan losses and the allowance for losses on lending-related commitments, loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, estimations of fair value, the valuations required for impairment testing of goodwill, the valuation and accounting for derivative instruments and income taxes as the accounting areas that require the most subjective and complex judgments, and as such could be the most subject to revision as new information becomes available. Descriptions of the Company's significant accounting policies are included in Note 1 - “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the 2016 Form 10-K.

(2) Recent Accounting Developments

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, which created “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and develop a common revenue standard for customer contracts. This ASU provides guidance regarding how an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also added a new subtopic to the codification, ASC 340-40, “Other Assets and Deferred Costs: Contracts with Customers” to provide guidance on costs related to obtaining and fulfilling a customer contract. Furthermore, the new standard requires disclosure of sufficient information to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. At the time ASU No. 2014-09 was issued, the guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. In July 2015, the FASB approved a deferral of the effective date by one year, which would result in the guidance becoming effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017.

The FASB has continued to issue various Updates to clarify and improve specific areas of ASU No. 2014-09. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net),” to clarify the implementation guidance within ASU No. 2014-09 surrounding principal versus agent considerations and its impact on revenue recognition. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing,” to also clarify the implementation guidance within ASU No. 2014-09 related to these two topics. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-11, “Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) and Derivative and Hedging (Topic 815): Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting,” to remove certain areas of SEC Staff Guidance from those specific Topics. In May 2016 and December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients” and ASU 2016-20, “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” to clarify specific aspects of implementation, including the collectability criterion, exclusion of sales taxes collected from a transaction price, noncash consideration, contract modifications, completed contracts at transition, the applicability of loan guarantee fees, impairment of capitalized contract costs and certain disclosure requirements. In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, “Other

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Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets,” to clarify the implementation guidance within ASU No. 2014-09 surrounding transfers of nonfinancial assets, including partial sales of such assets, and its impact on revenue recognition. Like ASU No. 2014-09, this guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017.

The Company is currently evaluating the impact on the consolidated financial statements of adopting this new guidance. The Company has identified sources of revenue potentially affected under the new revenue standards, including but not limited to fees earned on wealth and treasury management activities. Additionally, the Company is currently assessing specific characteristics of the various sources of revenues and is reviewing specific contracts related to those sources. At this time, the Company expects to adopt the new guidance using the modified retrospective approach.

Financial Instruments

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities,” to improve the accounting for financial instruments. This ASU requires equity investments with readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with changes recognized in net income regardless of classification. For equity investments without a readily determinable fair value, the value of the investment would be measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer instead of fair value, unless a qualitative assessment indicates impairment. Additionally, this ASU requires the separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and is to be applied prospectively with a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on the consolidated financial statements.

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” to improve transparency and comparability across entities regarding leasing arrangements. This ASU requires the recognition of a separate lease liability representing the required discounted lease payments over the lease term and a separate lease asset representing the right to use the underlying asset during the same lease term. Additionally, this ASU provides clarification regarding the identification of certain components of contracts that would represent a lease as well as requires additional disclosures to the notes of the financial statements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a modified retrospective approach, including the option to apply certain practical expedients.

The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on the consolidated financial statements. Excluding any impact from the clarification of contracts representing a lease, the Company expects to recognize separate lease liabilities and right to use assets for the amounts related to certain facilities under operating lease agreements disclosed in Note 15 - Minimum Lease Commitments in the 2016 Form 10-K. Additionally, the Company does not expect to significantly change operating lease agreements prior to adoption.

Derivatives

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-05, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships,” to clarify guidance surrounding the effect on an existing hedging relationship of a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as a hedging instrument. This ASU states that a change in counterparty to such derivative instrument does not, in and of itself, require dedesignation of that hedging relationship provided that all other hedge accounting criteria continue to be met. This guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Equity Method Investments

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, “Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting,” to simplify the accounting for investments qualifying for the use of the equity method of accounting. This ASU eliminates the requirement to retroactively adopt the equity method of accounting when an investment qualifies for such method as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence. The ASU requires the equity method investor add the cost of acquiring the additional interest to the current basis and adopt the equity method of accounting as of that date going forward. Additionally, for available-for-sale equity securities that become qualified for equity method accounting, the ASU requires the related unrealized holding gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive

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income be recognized in earnings at the date the investment qualifies for such accounting. This guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Employee Share-Based Compensation

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” to simplify the accounting for several areas of share-based payment transactions. This included the recognition of all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expense instead of surplus, the classification on the statement of cash flows of excess tax benefits and taxes paid when the employer withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes. Additionally, related to forfeitures, the ASU provides the option to estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or account for forfeitures as they occur. This guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. In the first quarter of 2017, the Company recorded $3.4 million of excess tax benefits within income tax expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income as a result of adoption.

Allowance for Credit Losses

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” to replace the current incurred loss methodology for recognizing credit losses, which delays recognition until it is probable a loss has been incurred, with a methodology that reflects an estimate of all expected credit losses and considers additional reasonable and supportable forecasted information when determining credit loss estimates. This impacts the calculation of the allowance for credit losses for all financial assets measured under the amortized cost basis, including PCI loans at the time of and subsequent to acquisition. Additionally, credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities would be recorded through the allowance for credit losses and not as a direct adjustment to the amortized cost of the securities. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a modified retrospective approach.

The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on the consolidated financial statements as well as the impact on current systems and processes. Specifically, the Company has established a group consisting of individuals from the various areas of the Company tasked with transitioning to the new requirements. At this time, the Company is reviewing potential methodologies for estimating expected credit losses using reasonable and supportable forecast information and has identified certain data and system requirements.

Statement of Cash Flows

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force),” to clarify the presentation of specific types of cash flow receipts and payments, including the payment of debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, contingent consideration cash payments paid subsequent to the acquisition date and proceeds from settlement of BOLI policies. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a retrospective approach, if practicable. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18 “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force),” to clarify the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a retrospective approach. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory,” to improve the accounting for intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. This ASU allows the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for such transfers prior to the subsequent sale of the transferred assets to an outside party. Initial recognition of current and deferred income taxes is currently prohibited for intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a modified retrospective approach through cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on the consolidated financial statements.

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Consolidation

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-17, “Consolidation (Topic 810): Interest Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control,” to amend guidance from ASU No. 2015-02 regarding how a reporting entity treats indirect interests in a variable interest entity (“VIE”) held through related parties under common control when determining whether the reporting entity is the primary beneficiary of such VIE. This guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Business Combinations

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business,” to improve such definition and, as a result, assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or as business combinations. The definition of a business impacts many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill and consolidation. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a prospective approach. The Company expects the adoption of this new guidance to impact the determination of whether future acquisitions are considered a business combination and the resulting impact of such determination on the consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,” to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill. When the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an entity would no longer be required to determine goodwill impairment by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit was acquired in a business combination. Goodwill impairment would be recognized according to the excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit over the calculated fair value of such unit. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a prospective approach. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Compensation

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,” to improve the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost. An entity will be required to report the service cost component of such costs in the same line item or items as other compensation costs related to services rendered. Additionally, only the service cost component will be eligible for capitalization when applicable. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a retrospective approach related to presentation of the service cost component and a prospective approach related to capitalization of such costs. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period that has not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company has not early adopted this guidance. When adopted, the Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Amortization of Premium on Certain Debt Securities

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, “Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities,” to amend the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. The amortization period for such securities will be shortened to the earliest call date. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period that has not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company has not early adopted this guidance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on the consolidated financial statements.

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(3) Business Combinations

Non-FDIC Assisted Bank Acquisitions

On November 18, 2016, the Company acquired First Community Financial Corporation ("FCFC"). FCFC was the parent company of First Community Bank. Through this transaction, the Company acquired First Community Bank's two banking locations in Elgin, Illinois. First Community Bank was merged into the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary St. Charles Bank & Trust Company ("St. Charles Bank"). The Company acquired assets with a fair value of approximately $187.2 million, including approximately $79.2 million of loans, and assumed deposits with a fair value of approximately $150.3 million. Additionally, the Company recorded goodwill of $12.7 million on the acquisition.

On August 19, 2016, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Lake Forest Bank & Trust Company ("Lake Forest Bank"), acquired approximately $561.4 million in performing loans and related relationships from an affiliate of GE Capital Franchise Finance. The loans are to franchise operators (primarily quick service restaurant concepts) in the Midwest and in the Western portion of the United States.

On March 31, 2016, the Company acquired Generations Bancorp, Inc ("Generations"). Generations was the parent company of Foundations Bank, which had one banking location in Pewaukee, Wisconsin. Foundations Bank was merged into the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary Town Bank. The Company acquired assets with a fair value of approximately $134.2 million, including approximately $67.4 million of loans, and assumed deposits with a fair value of approximately $100.2 million. Additionally, the Company recorded goodwill of $11.5 million on the acquisition.

FDIC-Assisted Transactions

Since 2010, the Company acquired the banking operations, including the acquisition of certain assets and the assumption of liabilities, of nine financial institutions in FDIC-assisted transactions. Loans comprise the majority of the assets acquired in nearly all of these FDIC-assisted transactions, most of which are subject to loss sharing agreements with the FDIC whereby the FDIC has agreed to reimburse the Company for 80% of losses incurred on the purchased loans, other real estate owned (“OREO”), and certain other assets. Additionally, clawback provisions within these loss share agreements with the FDIC require the Company to reimburse the FDIC in the event that actual losses on covered assets are lower than the original loss estimates agreed upon with the FDIC with respect of such assets in the loss share agreements. The Company refers to the loans subject to these loss sharing agreements as “covered loans” and uses the term “covered assets” to refer to covered loans, covered OREO and certain other covered assets. The agreements with the FDIC require that the Company follow certain servicing procedures or risk losing the FDIC reimbursement of covered asset losses.

The loans covered by the loss sharing agreements are classified and presented as covered loans and the estimated reimbursable losses are recorded as an FDIC indemnification asset or other liability in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. The Company recorded the acquired assets and liabilities at their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The fair value for loans reflected expected credit losses at the acquisition date. Therefore, the Company will only recognize a provision for credit losses and charge-offs on the acquired loans for any further credit deterioration subsequent to the acquisition date. See Note 7 — Allowance for Loan Losses, Allowance for Losses on Lending-Related Commitments and Impaired Loans for further discussion of the allowance on covered loans.

The loss share agreements with the FDIC cover realized losses on loans, foreclosed real estate and certain other assets and require the Company to record loss share assets and liabilities that are measured separately from the loan portfolios because they are not contractually embedded in the loans and are not transferable with the loans should the Company choose to dispose of them. Fair values at the acquisition dates were estimated based on projected cash flows available for loss share based on the credit adjustments estimated for each loan pool and the loss share percentages. The loss share assets and liabilities are recorded as FDIC indemnification assets and other liabilities, respectively, on the Consolidated Statements of Condition. Subsequent to the acquisition date, reimbursements received from the FDIC for actual incurred losses will reduce the FDIC indemnification assets. Reductions to expected losses, to the extent such reductions to expected losses are the result of an improvement to the actual or expected cash flows from the covered assets, will also reduce the FDIC indemnification assets and, if necessary, increase any loss share liability when necessary reductions exceed the current value of the FDIC indemnification assets. In accordance with the clawback provision noted above, the Company may be required to reimburse the FDIC when actual losses are less than certain thresholds established for each lose share agreement. The balance of these estimated reimbursements in accordance with clawback provisions and any related amortization are adjusted periodically for changes in the expected losses on covered assets. On the Consolidated Statements of Condition, estimated reimbursements from clawback provisions are recorded as a reduction to the FDIC indemnification asset or, if necessary, an increase to the loss share liability, which is included within accrued interest payable and other liabilities. Although these assets are contractual receivables from the FDIC and these liabilities are contractual payables to the FDIC, there

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are no contractual interest rates. Additional expected losses, to the extent such expected losses result in recognition of an allowance for covered loan losses, will increase the FDIC indemnification asset or reduce the FDIC indemnification liability. The corresponding amortization is recorded as a component of non-interest income on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following table summarizes the activity in the Company’s FDIC indemnification (liability) asset during the periods indicated:



	Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016
Balance at beginning of period	$	(16,701	)	$	(6,100	)
Additions from reimbursable expenses	82			82
Accretion (amortization)	(244		)	(360		)
Changes in expected reimbursements from the FDIC for changes in expected credit losses	(1,014		)	(3,288		)
Payments received from the FDIC	(386		)	(363		)
Balance at end of period	$	(18,263	)	$	(10,029	)

Mortgage Banking Acquisitions

On February 14, 2017, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of the mortgage banking business of American Homestead Mortgage, LLC ("AHM"). The Company recorded goodwill of $999,000 on the acquisition.

PCI Loans

Purchased loans acquired in a business combination are recorded at estimated fair value on their purchase date. Expected future cash flows at the purchase date in excess of the fair value of loans are recorded as interest income over the life of the loans if the timing and amount of the future cash flows is reasonably estimable (“accretable yield”). The difference between contractually required payments and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the non-accretable difference and represents probable losses in the portfolio.

In determining the acquisition date fair value of PCI loans, and in subsequent accounting, the Company aggregates these purchased loans into pools of loans by common risk characteristics, such as credit risk rating and loan type. Subsequent to the purchase date, increases in cash flows over those expected at the purchase date are recognized as interest income prospectively. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows will generally result in a provision for loan losses.

The Company purchased a portfolio of life insurance premium finance receivables in 2009. These purchased life insurance premium finance receivables are valued on an individual basis. If credit related conditions deteriorate, an allowance related to these loans will be established as part of the provision for credit losses.

See Note 6—Loans, for additional information on PCI loans.

(4) Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the Company considers cash and cash equivalents to include cash on hand, cash items in the process of collection, non-interest bearing amounts due from correspondent banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements with original maturities of three months or less.

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(5) Investment Securities

The following tables are a summary of the available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities portfolios as of the dates shown:



	March 31, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. Treasury	$	142,772	$	—	$	(616	)	$	142,156
U.S. Government agencies	178,475		31		(677		)	177,829
Municipal	125,061		2,878		(376		)	127,563
Corporate notes:
Financial issuers	65,306		107		(986		)	64,427
Other	1,000		—		(3		)	997
Mortgage-backed: ⁽¹⁾
Mortgage-backed securities	1,256,497		302		(46,423		)	1,210,376
Collateralized mortgage obligations	46,035		78		(445		)	45,668
Equity securities	32,634		3,106		(1,023		)	34,717
Total available-for-sale securities	$	1,847,780	$	6,502	$	(50,549	)	$	1,803,733
Held-to-maturity securities
U.S. Government agencies	$	465,891	$	115	$	(18,664	)	$	447,342
Municipal	201,873		1,114		(2,434		)	200,553
Total held-to-maturity securities	$	667,764	$	1,229	$	(21,098	)	$	647,895



	December 31, 2016
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
(Dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. Treasury	$	142,741	$	1	$	(759	)	$	141,983
U.S. Government agencies	189,540		47		(435		)	189,152
Municipal	129,446		2,969		(606		)	131,809
Corporate notes:
Financial issuers	65,260		132		(1,000		)	64,392
Other	1,000		—		(1		)	999
Mortgage-backed: ⁽¹⁾
Mortgage-backed securities	1,185,448		284		(54,330		)	1,131,402
Collateralized mortgage obligations	30,105		67		(490		)	29,682
Equity securities	32,608		3,429		(789		)	35,248
Total available-for-sale securities	$	1,776,148	$	6,929	$	(58,410	)	$	1,724,667
Held-to-maturity securities
U.S. Government agencies	$	433,343	$	7	$	(24,470	)	$	408,880
Municipal	202,362		647		(4,287		)	198,722
Total held-to-maturity securities	$	635,705	$	654	$	(28,757	)	$	607,602



	March 31, 2016
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
(Dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. Treasury	$	117,105	$	22	$	(38	)	$	117,089
U.S. Government agencies	93,990		194		(12		)	94,172
Municipal	118,187		3,232		(224		)	121,195
Corporate notes:
Financial issuers	78,048		1,492		(1,830		)	77,710
Other	2,500		3		—			2,503
Mortgage-backed: ⁽¹⁾
Mortgage-backed securities	262,109		3,795		(1,900		)	264,004
Collateralized mortgage obligations	38,565		324		(198		)	38,691
Equity securities	51,402		4,585		(368		)	55,619
Total available-for-sale securities	$	761,906	$	13,647	$	(4,570	)	$	770,983
Held-to-maturity securities
U.S. Government agencies	$	712,732	$	11,569	$	(1,455	)	$	722,846
Municipal	198,983		2,672		(157		)	201,498
Total held-to-maturity securities	$	911,715	$	14,241	$	(1,612	)	$	924,344


(1)	Consisting entirely of residential mortgage-backed securities, none of which are subprime.

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The following table presents the portion of the Company’s available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities portfolios which has gross unrealized losses, reflecting the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2017:



	Continuous unrealized losses existing for less than 12 months					Continuous unrealized losses existing for greater than 12 months					Total
(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. Treasury	$	137,155	$	(616	)	$	—	$	—		$	137,155	$	(616	)
U.S. Government agencies	171,444		(677		)	—		—			171,444		(677		)
Municipal	36,063		(234		)	5,824		(142		)	41,887		(376		)
Corporate notes:
Financial issuers	—		—			34,976		(986		)	34,976		(986		)
Other	997		(3		)	—		—			997		(3		)
Mortgage-backed:
Mortgage-backed securities	1,195,931		(46,423		)	—		—			1,195,931		(46,423		)
Collateralized mortgage obligations	32,171		(210		)	6,563		(235		)	38,734		(445		)
Equity securities	6,265		(638		)	5,115		(385		)	11,380		(1,023		)
Total available-for-sale securities	$	1,580,026	$	(48,801	)	$	52,478	$	(1,748	)	$	1,632,504	$	(50,549	)
Held-to-maturity securities
U.S. Government agencies	$	367,654	$	(18,664	)	$	—	$	—		$	367,654	$	(18,664	)
Municipal	140,453		(2,108		)	8,293		(326		)	148,746		(2,434		)
Total held-to-maturity securities	$	508,107	$	(20,772	)	$	8,293	$	(326	)	$	516,400	$	(21,098	)

The Company conducts a regular assessment of its investment securities to determine whether securities are other-than-temporarily impaired considering, among other factors, the nature of the securities, credit ratings or financial condition of the issuer, the extent and duration of the unrealized loss, expected cash flows, market conditions and the Company’s ability to hold the securities through the anticipated recovery period.

The Company does not consider securities with unrealized losses at March 31, 2017 to be other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company does not intend to sell these investments and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell these investments before recovery of the amortized cost bases, which may be the maturity dates of the securities. The unrealized losses within each category have occurred as a result of changes in interest rates, market spreads and market conditions subsequent to purchase. Securities with continuous unrealized losses existing for more than twelve months were primarily corporate notes and mortgage-backed securities. Unrealized losses recognized on corporate notes and mortgage-backed securities are the result of increases in yields for similar types of securities.

The following table provides information as to the amount of gross gains and gross losses realized and proceeds received through the sale or call of investment securities:



	Three months ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2017			2016
Realized gains	$	—		$	2,550
Realized losses	(55		)	(1,225		)
Net realized (losses) gains	$	(55	)	$	1,325
Other than temporary impairment charges	—			—
(Losses) gains on investment securities, net	$	(55	)	$	1,325
Proceeds from sales and calls of available-for-sale securities	$	6,005		$	3,201
Proceeds from calls of held-to-maturity securities	51,060			98,243

The amortized cost and fair value of securities as of March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, by contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Contractual maturities may differ from actual maturities as borrowers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Mortgage-backed securities are not included in the

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maturity categories in the following maturity summary as actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the underlying mortgages may be called or prepaid without penalties:



	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016				March 31, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Available-for-sale securities
Due in one year or less	$	142,323	$	142,001	$	145,353	$	145,062	$	208,518	$	208,641
Due in one to five years	320,945		320,278		321,019		320,423		158,668		158,804
Due in five to ten years	39,520		40,519		27,319		28,451		28,970		31,363
Due after ten years	9,826		10,174		34,296		34,399		13,674		13,861
Mortgage-backed	1,302,532		1,256,044		1,215,553		1,161,084		300,674		302,695
Equity securities	32,634		34,717		32,608		35,248		51,402		55,619
Total available-for-sale securities	$	1,847,780	$	1,803,733	$	1,776,148	$	1,724,667	$	761,906	$	770,983
Held-to-maturity securities
Due in one year or less	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Due in one to five years	32,771		32,525		29,794		29,416		24,319		24,448
Due in five to ten years	70,533		69,348		69,664		67,820		65,879		66,432
Due after ten years	564,460		546,022		536,247		510,366		821,517		833,464
Total held-to-maturity securities	$	667,764	$	647,895	$	635,705	$	607,602	$	911,715	$	924,344

Securities having a fair value of $1.3 billion at March 31, 2017 as well as securities having a fair value of $1.4 billion and $1.2 billion at December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, respectively, were pledged as collateral for public deposits, trust deposits, Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") advances, securities sold under repurchase agreements and derivatives. At March 31, 2017, there were no securities of a single issuer, other than U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities, which exceeded 10% of shareholders’ equity.

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(6) Loans

The following table shows the Company’s loan portfolio by category as of the dates shown:



	March 31,			December 31,			March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2017			2016			2016
Balance:
Commercial	$	6,081,489		$	6,005,422		$	4,890,246
Commercial real estate	6,261,682			6,196,087			5,737,959
Home equity	708,258			725,793			774,342
Residential real estate	720,608			705,221			626,043
Premium finance receivables—commercial	2,446,946			2,478,581			2,320,987
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	3,593,563			3,470,027			2,976,934
Consumer and other	118,512			122,041			119,902
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	$	19,931,058		$	19,703,172		$	17,446,413
Covered loans	52,359			58,145			138,848
Total loans	$	19,983,417		$	19,761,317		$	17,585,261
Mix:
Commercial	30		%	30		%	28		%
Commercial real estate	31			31			32
Home equity	4			4			4
Residential real estate	4			4			4
Premium finance receivables—commercial	12			12			13
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	18			18			17
Consumer and other	1			1			1
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	100		%	100		%	99		%
Covered loans	—			—			1
Total loans	100		%	100		%	100		%

The Company’s loan portfolio is generally comprised of loans to consumers and small to medium-sized businesses located within the geographic market areas that the banks serve. The premium finance receivables portfolios are made to customers throughout the United States and Canada. The Company strives to maintain a loan portfolio that is diverse in terms of loan type, industry, borrower and geographic concentrations. Such diversification reduces the exposure to economic downturns that may occur in different segments of the economy or in different industries.

Certain premium finance receivables are recorded net of unearned income. The unearned income portions of such premium finance receivables were $72.4 million at March 31, 2017, $69.6 million at December 31, 2016 and $56.9 million at March 31, 2016. PCI loans are recorded net of credit discounts. See “Acquired Loan Information at Acquisition” below.

Total loans, excluding PCI loans, include net deferred loan fees and costs and fair value purchase accounting adjustments totaling $4.6 million at March 31, 2017, $2.6 million at December 31, 2016 and $(8.9) million at March 31, 2016. The net credit balance at March 31, 2016, is primarily the result of purchase accounting adjustments related to acquisitions in 2016 and 2015.

It is the policy of the Company to review each prospective credit in order to determine the appropriateness and, when required, the adequacy of security or collateral necessary to obtain when making a loan. The type of collateral, when required, will vary from liquid assets to real estate. The Company seeks to ensure access to collateral, in the event of default, through adherence to state lending laws and the Company’s credit monitoring procedures.

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Acquired Loan Information at Acquisition—PCI Loans

As part of the Company's previous acquisitions, the Company acquired loans for which there was evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination (PCI loans) and determined that it was probable that the Company would be unable to collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. The following table presents the unpaid principal balance and carrying value for these acquired loans:

March 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

(Dollars in thousands)

Unpaid

Principal

Balance

Carrying

Value

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

Carrying
Value

PCI loans

475,284

441,976

509,446

471,786

See Note 7—Allowance for Loan Losses, Allowance for Losses on Lending-Related Commitments and Impaired Loans for further discussion regarding the allowance for loan losses associated with PCI loans at March 31, 2017.

Accretable Yield Activity - PCI Loans

Changes in expected cash flows may vary from period to period as the Company periodically updates its cash flow model assumptions for PCI loans. The factors that most significantly affect the estimates of gross cash flows expected to be collected, and accordingly the accretable yield, include changes in the benchmark interest rate indices for variable-rate products and changes in prepayment assumptions and loss estimates. The following table provides activity for the accretable yield of PCI loans:



	Three months ended
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016
Accretable yield, beginning balance	$	49,408		$	63,902
Acquisitions	531			1,141
Accretable yield amortized to interest income	(5,599		)	(5,457		)
Accretable yield amortized to indemnification asset/liability ⁽¹⁾	(354		)	(2,171		)
Reclassification from non-accretable difference ⁽²⁾	2,535			4,193
Decreases in interest cash flows due to payments and changes in interest rates	(759		)	(2,390		)
Accretable yield, ending balance ⁽³⁾	$	45,762		$	59,218


(1)	Represents the portion of the current period accreted yield, resulting from lower expected losses, applied to reduce the loss share indemnification asset or increase the loss share indemnification liability.


(2)	Reclassification is the result of subsequent increases in expected principal cash flows.


(3)	As of March 31, 2017, the Company estimates that the remaining accretable yield balance to be amortized to the indemnification asset or liability for the bank acquisitions is $732,000. The remainder of the accretable yield related to bank acquisitions is expected to be amortized to interest income.

Accretion to interest income accounted for under ASC 310-30 totaled $5.6 million and $5.5 million in the first quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. These amounts include accretion from both covered and non-covered loans, and are both included within interest and fees on loans in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

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(7) Allowance for Loan Losses, Allowance for Losses on Lending-Related Commitments and Impaired Loans

The tables below show the aging of the Company’s loan portfolio at March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016:



As of March 31, 2017			90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due
(Dollars in thousands)	Nonaccrual		90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due		Current		Total Loans
Loan Balances:
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	12,036	$	100	$	19	$	23,780	$	3,855,140	$	3,891,075
Franchise	323		—		—		987		822,424		823,734
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit	—		—		—		9,111		145,069		154,180
Asset-based lending	1,378		—		—		3,744		875,882		881,004
Leases	570		—		—		874		318,566		320,010
PCI - commercial ⁽¹⁾	—		1,368		—		944		9,174		11,486
Total commercial	14,307		1,468		19		39,440		6,026,255		6,081,489
Commercial real estate:
Construction	2,408		—		391		4,356		648,178		655,333
Land	350		—		—		3,274		101,455		105,079
Office	3,513		—		953		7,155		859,045		870,666
Industrial	7,004		—		—		2,656		783,302		792,962
Retail	589		—		—		4,727		906,470		911,786
Multi-family	668		—		203		4,813		799,092		804,776
Mixed use and other	6,277		—		3,207		14,166		1,940,094		1,963,744
PCI - commercial real estate ⁽¹⁾	—		12,559		672		15,565		128,540		157,336
Total commercial real estate	20,809		12,559		5,426		56,712		6,166,176		6,261,682
Home equity	11,722		—		430		4,884		691,222		708,258
Residential real estate, including PCI	11,943		900		3,410		5,262		699,093		720,608
Premium finance receivables
Commercial insurance loans	12,629		4,991		6,383		23,775		2,399,168		2,446,946
Life insurance loans	—		2,024		2,535		32,208		3,316,090		3,352,857
PCI - life insurance loans ⁽¹⁾	—		—		—		—		240,706		240,706
Consumer and other, including PCI	350		167		323		543		117,129		118,512
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	$	71,760	$	22,109	$	18,526	$	162,824	$	19,655,839	$	19,931,058
Covered loans	1,592		2,808		268		1,570		46,121		52,359
Total loans, net of unearned income	$	73,352	$	24,917	$	18,794	$	164,394	$	19,701,960	$	19,983,417


(1)	PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.

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As of December 31, 2016			90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due
(Dollars in thousands)	Nonaccrual		90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due		Current		Total Loans
Loan Balances:
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	13,441	$	174	$	2,341	$	11,779	$	3,716,977	$	3,744,712
Franchise	—		—		—		493		869,228		869,721
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit	—		—		—		—		204,225		204,225
Asset-based lending	1,924		—		135		1,609		871,402		875,070
Leases	510		—		—		1,331		293,073		294,914
PCI - commercial ⁽¹⁾	—		1,689		100		2,428		12,563		16,780
Total commercial	15,875		1,863		2,576		17,640		5,967,468		6,005,422
Commercial real estate
Construction	2,408		—		—		1,824		606,007		610,239
Land	394		—		188		—		104,219		104,801
Office	4,337		—		4,506		1,232		857,599		867,674
Industrial	7,047		—		4,516		2,436		756,602		770,601
Retail	597		—		760		3,364		907,872		912,593
Multi-family	643		—		322		1,347		805,312		807,624
Mixed use and other	6,498		—		1,186		12,632		1,931,859		1,952,175
PCI - commercial real estate ⁽¹⁾	—		16,188		3,775		8,888		141,529		170,380
Total commercial real estate	21,924		16,188		15,253		31,723		6,110,999		6,196,087
Home equity	9,761		—		1,630		6,515		707,887		725,793
Residential real estate, including PCI	12,749		1,309		936		8,271		681,956		705,221
Premium finance receivables
Commercial insurance loans	14,709		7,962		5,646		14,580		2,435,684		2,478,581
Life insurance loans	—		3,717		17,514		16,204		3,182,935		3,220,370
PCI - life insurance loans ⁽¹⁾	—		—		—		—		249,657		249,657
Consumer and other, including PCI	439		207		100		887		120,408		122,041
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	$	75,457	$	31,246	$	43,655	$	95,820	$	19,456,994	$	19,703,172
Covered loans	2,121		2,492		225		1,553		51,754		58,145
Total loans, net of unearned income	$	77,578	$	33,738	$	43,880	$	97,373	$	19,508,748	$	19,761,317



As of March 31, 2016			90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due
(Dollars in thousands)	Nonaccrual		90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due		Current		Total Loans
Loan Balances:
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	12,370	$	338	$	3,228	$	25,608	$	3,363,011	$	3,404,555
Franchise	—		—		—		1,400		273,158		274,558
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit	—		—		—		1,491		192,244		193,735
Asset-based lending	3		—		117		10,597		737,184		747,901
Leases	—		—		—		5,177		244,241		249,418
PCI - commercial ⁽¹⁾	—		1,893		—		128		18,058		20,079
Total commercial	12,373		2,231		3,345		44,401		4,827,896		4,890,246
Commercial real estate:
Construction	273		—		—		2,023		389,026		391,322
Land	1,746		—		—		—		93,834		95,580
Office	7,729		1,260		980		12,571		865,954		888,494
Industrial	10,960		—		—		3,935		728,061		742,956
Retail	1,633		—		2,397		2,657		890,780		897,467
Multi-family	287		—		655		2,047		760,084		763,073
Mixed use and other	4,368		—		187		12,312		1,778,850		1,795,717
PCI - commercial real estate ⁽¹⁾	—		24,738		1,573		10,344		126,695		163,350
Total commercial real estate	26,996		25,998		5,792		45,889		5,633,284		5,737,959
Home equity	9,365		—		791		4,474		759,712		774,342
Residential real estate, including PCI	11,964		406		193		10,108		603,372		626,043
Premium finance receivables
Commercial insurance loans	15,350		9,548		5,583		15,086		2,275,420		2,320,987
Life insurance loans	—		1,641		3,432		198		2,675,525		2,680,796
PCI - life insurance loans ⁽¹⁾	—		—		—		—		296,138		296,138
Consumer and other, including PCI	484		245		118		364		118,691		119,902
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	$	76,532	$	40,069	$	19,254	$	120,520	$	17,190,038	$	17,446,413
Covered loans	5,324		7,995		349		6,491		118,689		138,848
Total loans, net of unearned income	$	81,856	$	48,064	$	19,603	$	127,011	$	17,308,727	$	17,585,261


(1)	PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.

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The Company's ability to manage credit risk depends in large part on our ability to properly identify and manage problem loans. To do so, the Company operates a credit risk rating system under which our credit management personnel assign a credit risk rating (1 to 10 rating) to each loan at the time of origination and review loans on a regular basis.

The Company’s Problem Loan Reporting system automatically includes all loans with credit risk ratings of 6 through 9. This system is designed to provide an on-going detailed tracking mechanism for each problem loan. Once management determines that a loan has deteriorated to a point where it has a credit risk rating of 6 or worse, the Company’s Managed Asset Division performs an overall credit and collateral review. As part of this review, all underlying collateral is identified and the valuation methodology is analyzed and tracked. As a result of this initial review by the Company’s Managed Asset Division, the credit risk rating is reviewed and a portion of the outstanding loan balance may be deemed uncollectible or an impairment reserve may be established. The Company’s impairment analysis utilizes an independent re-appraisal of the collateral (unless such a third-party evaluation is not possible due to the unique nature of the collateral, such as a closely-held business or thinly traded securities). In the case of commercial real estate collateral, an independent third party appraisal is ordered by the Company’s Real Estate Services Group to determine if there has been any change in the underlying collateral value. These independent appraisals are reviewed by the Real Estate Services Group and sometimes by independent third party valuation experts and may be adjusted depending upon market conditions.

Through the credit risk rating process, loans are reviewed to determine if they are performing in accordance with the original contractual terms. If the borrower has failed to comply with the original contractual terms, further action may be required by the Company, including a downgrade in the credit risk rating, movement to non-accrual status, a charge-off or the establishment of a specific impairment reserve. If a loan amount, or portion thereof, is determined to be uncollectible, the loan’s credit risk rating is immediately downgraded to an 8 or 9 and the uncollectible amount is charged-off. Any loan that has a partial charge-off continues to be assigned a credit risk rating of an 8 or 9 for the duration of time that a balance remains outstanding. The Company undertakes a thorough and ongoing analysis to determine if additional impairment and/or charge-offs are appropriate and to begin a workout plan for the credit to minimize actual losses.

If, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due to it according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, a specific impairment reserve is established. In determining the appropriate charge-off for collateral-dependent loans, the Company considers the results of appraisals for the associated collateral.

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Non-performing loans include all non-accrual loans (8 and 9 risk ratings) as well as loans 90 days past due and still accruing interest, excluding PCI and covered loans. The remainder of the portfolio is considered performing under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The following table presents the recorded investment based on performance of loans by class, excluding covered loans, per the most recent analysis at March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016:



	Performing						Non-performing						Total
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016		March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016		March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016
Loan Balances:
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	3,878,939	$	3,731,097	$	3,391,847	$	12,136	$	13,615	$	12,708	$	3,891,075	$	3,744,712	$	3,404,555
Franchise	823,411		869,721		274,558		323		—		—		823,734		869,721		274,558
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit	154,180		204,225		193,735		—		—		—		154,180		204,225		193,735
Asset-based lending	879,626		873,146		747,898		1,378		1,924		3		881,004		875,070		747,901
Leases	319,440		294,404		249,418		570		510		—		320,010		294,914		249,418
PCI - commercial ⁽¹⁾	11,486		16,780		20,079		—		—		—		11,486		16,780		20,079
Total commercial	6,067,082		5,989,373		4,877,535		14,407		16,049		12,711		6,081,489		6,005,422		4,890,246
Commercial real estate
Construction	652,925		607,831		391,049		2,408		2,408		273		655,333		610,239		391,322
Land	104,729		104,407		93,834		350		394		1,746		105,079		104,801		95,580
Office	867,153		863,337		879,505		3,513		4,337		8,989		870,666		867,674		888,494
Industrial	785,958		763,554		731,996		7,004		7,047		10,960		792,962		770,601		742,956
Retail	911,197		911,996		895,834		589		597		1,633		911,786		912,593		897,467
Multi-family	804,108		806,981		762,786		668		643		287		804,776		807,624		763,073
Mixed use and other	1,957,467		1,945,677		1,791,349		6,277		6,498		4,368		1,963,744		1,952,175		1,795,717
PCI - commercial real estate⁽¹⁾	157,336		170,380		163,350		—		—		—		157,336		170,380		163,350
Total commercial real estate	6,240,873		6,174,163		5,709,703		20,809		21,924		28,256		6,261,682		6,196,087		5,737,959
Home equity	696,536		716,032		764,977		11,722		9,761		9,365		708,258		725,793		774,342
Residential real estate, including PCI	708,665		692,472		614,079		11,943		12,749		11,964		720,608		705,221		626,043
Premium finance receivables
Commercial insurance loans	2,429,326		2,455,910		2,296,089		17,620		22,671		24,898		2,446,946		2,478,581		2,320,987
Life insurance loans	3,350,833		3,216,653		2,679,155		2,024		3,717		1,641		3,352,857		3,220,370		2,680,796
PCI - life insurance loans ⁽¹⁾	240,706		249,657		296,138		—		—		—		240,706		249,657		296,138
Consumer and other, including PCI	118,058		121,458		119,238		454		583		664		118,512		122,041		119,902
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	$	19,852,079	$	19,615,718	$	17,356,914	$	78,979	$	87,454	$	89,499	$	19,931,058	$	19,703,172	$	17,446,413


(1)	PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. See Note 6 - Loans for further discussion of these purchased loans.

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A summary of activity in the allowance for credit losses by loan portfolio (excluding covered loans) for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:



Three months ended March 31, 2017				Commercial Real Estate			Home Equity			Residential Real Estate			Premium Finance Receivables			Consumer and Other			Total, Excluding Covered Loans
(Dollars in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Home Equity			Residential Real Estate			Premium Finance Receivables			Consumer and Other			Total, Excluding Covered Loans
Allowance for credit losses
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period	$	44,493		$	51,422		$	11,774		$	5,714		$	7,625		$	1,263		$	122,291
Other adjustments	(19		)	(36		)	—			(4		)	3			—			(56		)
Reclassification from allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments	(92		)	(46		)	—			—			—			—			(138		)
Charge-offs	(641		)	(261		)	(625		)	(329		)	(1,427		)	(134		)	(3,417		)
Recoveries	273			554			65			178			612			141			1,823
Provision for credit losses	2,568			1,000			989			(29		)	746			42			5,316
Allowance for loan losses at period end	$	46,582		$	52,633		$	12,203		$	5,530		$	7,559		$	1,312		$	125,819
Allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments at period end	$	592		$	1,219		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1,811
Allowance for credit losses at period end	$	47,174		$	53,852		$	12,203		$	5,530		$	7,559		$	1,312		$	127,630
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	2,845		$	3,198		$	1,979		$	666		$	—		$	92		$	8,780
Collectively evaluated for impairment	43,687			50,594			10,224			4,802			7,559			1,219			118,085
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	642			60			—			62			—			1			765
Loans at period end
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	19,319		$	40,107		$	11,878		$	16,594		$	—		$	405		$	88,303
Collectively evaluated for impairment	6,050,684			6,064,239			696,380			671,765			5,799,803			116,966			19,399,837
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	11,486			157,336			—			3,701			240,706			1,141			414,370
Loans held at fair value	—			—			—			28,548			—			—			28,548



Three months ended March 31, 2016	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Home Equity			Residential Real Estate			Premium Finance Receivables			Consumer and Other			Total, Excluding Covered Loans
(Dollars in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Home Equity			Residential Real Estate			Premium Finance Receivables			Consumer and Other			Total, Excluding Covered Loans
Allowance for credit losses
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period	$	36,135		$	43,758		$	12,012		$	4,734		$	7,233		$	1,528		$	105,400
Other adjustments	(9		)	(76		)	—			(30		)	37			—			(78		)
Reclassification from allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments	—			(81		)	—			—			—			—			(81		)
Charge-offs	(671		)	(671		)	(1,052		)	(493		)	(2,480		)	(107		)	(5,474		)
Recoveries	629			369			48			112			787			36			1,981
Provision for credit losses	2,351			1,964			1,907			841			1,628			(268		)	8,423
Allowance for loan losses at period end	$	38,435		$	45,263		$	12,915		$	5,164		$	7,205		$	1,189		$	110,171
Allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments at period end	$	—		$	1,030		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1,030
Allowance for credit losses at period end	$	38,435		$	46,293		$	12,915		$	5,164		$	7,205		$	1,189		$	111,201
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	2,319		$	3,028		$	1,695		$	700		$	—		$	70		$	7,812
Collectively evaluated for impairment	35,448			43,261			11,220			4,384			7,205			1,119			102,637
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	668			4			—			80			—			—			752
Loans at period end
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	17,969		$	52,977		$	9,365		$	16,159		$	—		$	527		$	96,997
Collectively evaluated for impairment	4,852,198			5,521,632			764,977			595,797			5,001,783			119,375			16,855,762
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	20,079			163,350			—			3,381			296,138			—			482,948
Loans held at fair value	—			—			—			10,706			—			—			10,706

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A summary of activity in the allowance for covered loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2017			2016
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,322		$	3,026
Provision for covered loan losses before benefit attributable to FDIC loss share agreements	(535		)	(1,946		)
Benefit attributable to FDIC loss share agreements	428			1,557
Net provision for covered loan losses	(107		)	(389		)
Increase/decrease in FDIC indemnification liability/asset	(428		)	(1,557		)
Loans charged-off	(216		)	(230		)
Recoveries of loans charged-off	748			1,657
Net recoveries	532			1,427
Balance at end of period	$	1,319		$	2,507

In conjunction with FDIC-assisted transactions, the Company entered into loss share agreements with the FDIC. Additional expected losses, to the extent such expected losses result in the recognition of an allowance for loan losses, will increase the FDIC loss share asset or reduce any FDIC loss share liability. The allowance for loan losses for loans acquired in FDIC-assisted transactions is determined without giving consideration to the amounts recoverable through loss share agreements (since the loss share agreements are separately accounted for and thus presented “gross” on the balance sheet). On the Consolidated Statements of Income, the provision for credit losses is reported net of changes in the amount recoverable under the loss share agreements. Reductions to expected losses, to the extent such reductions to expected losses are the result of an improvement to the actual or expected cash flows from the covered assets, will reduce the FDIC loss share asset or increase any FDIC loss share liability. Additions to expected losses will require an increase to the allowance for covered loan losses, and a corresponding increase to the FDIC loss share asset or reduction to any FDIC loss share liability. See “FDIC-Assisted Transactions” within Note 3 – Business Combinations for more detail.

Impaired Loans

A summary of impaired loans, including troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"), is as follows:



	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2017		2016		2016
Impaired loans (included in non-performing and TDRs):
Impaired loans with an allowance for loan loss required ⁽¹⁾	$	39,968	$	33,146	$	50,710
Impaired loans with no allowance for loan loss required	47,554		57,370		45,400
Total impaired loans ⁽²⁾	$	87,522	$	90,516	$	96,110
Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans	$	8,165	$	6,377	$	7,775
TDRs	$	39,669	$	41,708	$	52,555


(1)	These impaired loans require an allowance for loan losses because the estimated fair value of the loans or related collateral is less than the recorded investment in the loans.


(2)	Impaired loans are considered by the Company to be non-accrual loans, TDRs or loans with principal and/or interest at risk, even if the loan is current with all payments of principal and interest.

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The following tables present impaired loans by loan class, excluding covered loans, for the periods ended as follows:



							For the Three Months Ended
	As of March 31, 2017						March 31, 2017
	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)
Impaired loans with a related ASC 310 allowance recorded
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	3,804	$	3,830	$	1,568	$	3,856	$	50
Asset-based lending	1,378		1,380		378		1,279		12
Leases	2,616		2,619		304		2,689		36
Commercial real estate
Construction	5,262		5,262		74		5,276		53
Land	3,033		3,033		13		3,033		28
Office	1,512		1,522		310		1,513		18
Industrial	4,831		5,554		1,703		4,854		71
Retail	1,733		1,843		156		1,739		23
Multi-family	1,256		1,256		20		1,256		11
Mixed use and other	5,472		5,561		902		5,486		67
Home equity	3,863		3,891		1,979		3,866		35
Residential real estate	5,116		5,652		666		5,166		57
Consumer and other	92		94		92		95		1
Impaired loans with no related ASC 310 allowance recorded
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	10,270	$	11,307	$	—	$	10,668	$	185
Asset-based lending	—		—		—		—		—
Leases	846		846		—		852		13
Commercial real estate
Construction	3,912		3,912		—		3,973		46
Land	1,240		1,631		—		1,321		15
Office	2,487		3,803		—		2,432		56
Industrial	2,172		2,487		—		2,152		57
Retail	—		—		—		—		—
Multi-family	668		752		—		652		11
Mixed use and other	6,153		6,961		—		6,234		91
Home equity	8,015		10,420		—		8,176		123
Residential real estate	11,478		12,673		—		11,522		151
Consumer and other	313		401		—		315		5
Total impaired loans, net of unearned income	$	87,522	$	96,690	$	8,165	$	88,405	$	1,215

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							For the Twelve Months Ended
	As of December 31, 2016						December 31, 2016
	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)
Impaired loans with a related ASC 310 allowance recorded
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	2,601	$	2,617	$	1,079	$	2,649	$	134
Asset-based lending	233		235		26		235		10
Leases	2,441		2,443		107		2,561		128
Commercial real estate
Construction	5,302		5,302		86		5,368		164
Land	1,283		1,283		1		1,303		47
Office	2,687		2,697		324		2,797		137
Industrial	5,207		5,843		1,810		7,804		421
Retail	1,750		1,834		170		2,039		101
Multi-family	—		—		—		—		—
Mixed use and other	3,812		4,010		592		4,038		195
Home equity	1,961		1,873		1,233		1,969		75
Residential real estate	5,752		6,327		849		5,816		261
Consumer and other	117		121		100		131		7
Impaired loans with no related ASC 310 allowance recorded
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	12,534	$	14,704	$	—	$	14,944	$	948
Asset-based lending	1,691		2,550		—		8,467		377
Leases	873		873		—		939		56
Commercial real estate
Construction	4,003		4,003		—		4,161		81
Land	3,034		3,503		—		3,371		142
Office	3,994		5,921		—		4,002		323
Industrial	2,129		2,436		—		2,828		274
Retail	—		—		—		—		—
Multi-family	1,903		1,987		—		1,825		84
Mixed use and other	6,815		7,388		—		6,912		397
Home equity	8,033		10,483		—		8,830		475
Residential real estate	11,983		14,124		—		12,041		622
Consumer and other	378		489		—		393		26
Total impaired loans, net of unearned income	$	90,516	$	103,046	$	6,377	$	105,423	$	5,485



							For the Three Months Ended
	As of March 31, 2016						March 31, 2016
	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)
Impaired loans with a related ASC 310 allowance recorded
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	9,711	$	12,905	$	2,309	$	9,527	$	207
Asset-based lending	—		—		—		—		—
Leases	—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate
Construction	—		—		—		—		—
Land	5,577		9,358		49		5,583		142
Office	3,688		4,688		363		3,701		57
Industrial	8,325		9,065		1,872		8,382		115
Retail	7,757		7,775		296		7,785		83
Multi-family	1,477		1,477		128		1,050		11
Mixed use and other	4,753		4,900		293		4,761		58
Home equity	3,508		3,559		1,695		3,508		25
Residential real estate	5,726		5,957		700		5,743		61
Consumer and other	188		215		70		190		3
Impaired loans with no related ASC 310 allowance recorded
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	7,802	$	8,591	$	—	$	8,090	$	116
Asset-based lending	3		1,567		—		5		22
Leases	—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate
Construction	2,296		2,296		—		2,296		28
Land	2,112		2,852		—		2,116		28
Office	7,172		8,548		—		7,323		110
Industrial	3,692		3,910		—		3,686		67
Retail	1,800		2,499		—		1,806		25
Multi-family	92		175		—		148		2
Mixed use and other	3,802		4,377		—		3,886		58
Home equity	5,857		6,974		—		5,962		92
Residential real estate	10,433		12,692		—		10,481		148
Consumer and other	339		413		—		340		5
Total impaired loans, net of unearned income	$	96,110	$	114,793	$	7,775	$	96,369	$	1,463

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TDRs

The Company’s approach to restructuring loans, excluding PCI loans, is built on its credit risk rating system which requires credit management personnel to assign a credit risk rating to each loan. In each case, the loan officer is responsible for recommending a credit risk rating for each loan and ensuring the credit risk ratings are appropriate. These credit risk ratings are then reviewed and approved by the bank’s chief credit officer and/or concurrence credit officer. Credit risk ratings are determined by evaluating a number of factors including a borrower’s financial strength, cash flow coverage, collateral protection and guarantees. The Company’s credit risk rating scale is one through ten with higher scores indicating higher risk. In the case of loans rated six or worse following modification, the Company’s Managed Assets Division evaluates the loan and the credit risk rating and determines that the loan has been restructured to be reasonably assured of repayment and of performance according to the modified terms and is supported by a current, well-documented credit assessment of the borrower’s financial condition and prospects for repayment under the revised terms.

A modification of a loan, excluding PCI loans, with an existing credit risk rating of 6 or worse or a modification of any other credit, which will result in a restructured credit risk rating of six or worse, must be reviewed for possible TDR classification. In that event, our Managed Assets Division conducts an overall credit and collateral review. A modification of these loans is considered to be a TDR if both (1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and (2) for economic or legal reasons, the bank grants a concession to a borrower that it would not otherwise consider. The modification of a loan, excluding PCI loans, where the credit risk rating is 5 or better both before and after such modification is not considered to be a TDR. Based on the Company’s credit risk rating system, it considers that borrowers whose credit risk rating is 5 or better are not experiencing financial difficulties and therefore, are not considered TDRs.

All credits determined to be a TDR will continue to be classified as a TDR in all subsequent periods, unless the borrower has been in compliance with the loan’s modified terms for a period of six months (including over a calendar year-end) and the current interest rate represents a market rate at the time of restructuring. The Managed Assets Division, in consultation with the respective loan officer, determines whether the modified interest rate represented a current market rate at the time of restructuring. Using knowledge of current market conditions and rates, competitive pricing on recent loan originations, and an assessment of various characteristics of the modified loan (including collateral position and payment history), an appropriate market rate for a new borrower with similar risk is determined. If the modified interest rate meets or exceeds this market rate for a new borrower with similar risk, the modified interest rate represents a market rate at the time of restructuring. Additionally, before removing a loan from TDR classification, a review of the current or previously measured impairment on the loan and any concerns related to future performance by the borrower is conducted. If concerns exist about the future ability of the borrower to meet its obligations under the loans based on a credit review by the Managed Assets Division, the TDR classification is not removed from the loan.

TDRs are reviewed at the time of the modification and on a quarterly basis to determine if a specific reserve is necessary. The carrying amount of the loan is compared to the expected payments to be received, discounted at the loan's original rate, or for collateral dependent loans, to the fair value of the collateral. Any shortfall is recorded as a specific reserve. The Company, in accordance with ASC 310-10, continues to individually measure impairment of these loans after the TDR classification is removed.

Each TDR was reviewed for impairment at March 31, 2017 and approximately $2.9 million of impairment was present and appropriately reserved for through the Company’s normal reserving methodology in the Company’s allowance for loan losses. For TDRs in which impairment is calculated by the present value of future cash flows, the Company records interest income representing the decrease in impairment resulting from the passage of time during the respective period, which differs from interest income from contractually required interest on these specific loans. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded $55,000 and $90,000, respectively, in interest income.

TDRs may arise in which, due to financial difficulties experienced by the borrower, the Company obtains through physical possession one or more collateral assets in satisfaction of all or part of an existing credit. Once possession is obtained, the Company reclassifies the appropriate portion of the remaining balance of the credit from loans to OREO, which is included within other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. For any residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan, the Company is considered to possess the related collateral only if legal title is obtained upon completion of foreclosure, or the borrower conveys all interest in the residential real estate property to the Company through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or similar legal agreement. Excluding covered OREO, at March 31, 2017, the Company had $8.8 million of foreclosed residential real estate properties included within OREO. Furthermore, the recorded investment in residential mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which foreclosure proceedings are in process totaled $13.5 million at March 31, 2017

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The tables below present a summary of the post-modification balance of loans restructured during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which represent TDRs:



Three months ended March 31, 2017 (Dollars in thousands)	Total ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾			Extension at Below Market Terms ⁽²⁾			Reduction of Interest Rate ⁽²⁾			Modification to Interest-only Payments ⁽²⁾			Forgiveness of Debt⁽²⁾
Three months ended March 31, 2017 (Dollars in thousands)	Count	Balance		Count	Balance		Count	Balance		Count	Balance		Count	Balance
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	1	$	95	1	$	95	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—
Commercial real estate
Office	—	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—	—
Industrial	—	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—	—
Mixed use and other	1	1,245		1	1,245		—	—		—	—		—	—
Residential real estate and other	2	173		2	173		2	173		—	—		—	—
Total loans	4	$	1,513	4	$	1,513	2	$	173	—	$	—	—	$	—



Three months ended March 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands)	Total ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾			Extension at Below Market Terms ⁽²⁾			Reduction of Interest Rate ⁽²⁾			Modification to Interest-only Payments ⁽²⁾			Forgiveness of Debt⁽²⁾
Three months ended March 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands)	Count	Balance		Count	Balance		Count	Balance		Count	Balance		Count	Balance
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	1	$	42	1	$	42	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—
Commercial real estate
Office	1	450		1	450		—	—		—	—		—	—
Industrial	6	7,921		6	7,921		3	7,196		—	—		—	—
Mixed use and other	2	150		2	150		—	—		—	—		—	—
Residential real estate and other	1	160		—	—		1	160		—	—		—	—
Total loans	11	$	8,723	10	$	8,563	4	$	7,356	—	$	—	—	$	—


(1)	TDRs may have more than one modification representing a concession. As such, TDRs during the period may be represented in more than one of the categories noted above.


(2)	Balances represent the recorded investment in the loan at the time of the restructuring.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, four loans totaling $1.5 million were determined to be TDRs, compared to 11 loans totaling $8.7 million in the same period of 2016. Of these loans extended at below market terms, the weighted average extension had a term of approximately 10 months during the quarter ended March 31, 2017 compared to three months for the quarter ended March 31, 2016. Further, the weighted average decrease in the stated interest rate for loans with a reduction of interest rate during the period was approximately 48 basis points and 17 basis points during the three months ending March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Additionally, no principal balances were forgiven in the first quarter of 2017 or 2016.

The following table presents a summary of all loans restructured in TDRs during the twelve months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, and such loans which were in payment default under the restructured terms during the respective periods below:



(Dollars in thousands)	As of March 31, 2017			Three Months Ended March 31, 2017			As of March 31, 2016		Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
	Total ⁽¹⁾⁽³⁾			Payments in Default⁽²⁾⁽³⁾			Total ⁽¹⁾⁽³⁾		Payments in Default⁽²⁾⁽³⁾
	Count	Balance		Count	Balance		Count	Balance	Count	Balance
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	3	$	398	1	$	28	1	42	—	$	—
Leases	2	2,949		—	—		—	—	—	—
Commercial real estate
Office	—	—		—	—		1	450	1	450
Industrial	—	—		—	—		7	8,090	3	725
Mixed use and other	1	1,245		—	—		4	351	3	217
Residential real estate and other	8	1,095		1	232		7	1,530	—	—
Total loans	14	$	5,687	2	$	260	20	10,463	7	$	1,392


(1)	Total TDRs represent all loans restructured in TDRs during the previous twelve months from the date indicated.


(2)	TDRs considered to be in payment default are over 30 days past-due subsequent to the restructuring.


(3)	Balances represent the recorded investment in the loan at the time of the restructuring.

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(8) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

A summary of the Company’s goodwill assets by business segment is presented in the following table:



(Dollars in thousands)	January 1, 2017		Goodwill Acquired		Impairment Loss		Goodwill Adjustments			March 31, 2017
Community banking	$	427,781	$	999	$	—	$	(447	)	$	428,333
Specialty finance	38,692		—		—		202			38,894
Wealth management	32,114		—		—		—			32,114
Total	$	498,587	$	999	$	—	$	(245	)	$	499,341

The community banking segment's goodwill increased $552,000 in the first three months of 2017 primarily as a result of the acquisition of AHM. The specialty finance segment's goodwill increased $202,000 in the first three months of 2017 as a result of foreign currency translation adjustments related to the Canadian acquisitions.

At June 30, 2016, the Company utilized a qualitative approach for its annual goodwill impairment test of the community banking segment and determined that it is not more likely than not than an impairment existed at that time. At December 31, 2016, the Company utilized a quantitative approach for its annual goodwill impairment tests of the specialty finance and wealth management segments and determined that no impairment existed at that time. At each reporting date between annual goodwill impairment tests, the Company considers potential indicators of impairment. As of March 31, 2017, the Company identified no such indicators of goodwill impairment.

A summary of finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates shown and the expected amortization as of March 31, 2017 is as follows:



(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2016
Community banking segment:
Core deposit intangibles:
Gross carrying amount	$	37,272		$	37,272		$	35,654
Accumulated amortization	(22,634		)	(21,614		)	(18,543		)
Net carrying amount	$	14,638		$	15,658		$	17,111
Specialty finance segment:
Customer list intangibles:
Gross carrying amount	$	1,800		$	1,800		$	1,800
Accumulated amortization	(1,191		)	(1,159		)	(1,076		)
Net carrying amount	$	609		$	641		$	724
Wealth management segment:
Customer list and other intangibles:
Gross carrying amount	$	7,940		$	7,940		$	7,940
Accumulated amortization	(2,500		)	(2,388		)	(2,050		)
Net carrying amount	$	5,440		$	5,552		$	5,890
Total other intangible assets, net	$	20,687		$	21,851		$	23,725



Estimated amortization
Actual in three months ended March 31, 2017	$	1,164
Estimated remaining in 2017	3,227
Estimated—2018	3,778
Estimated—2019	3,206
Estimated—2020	2,580
Estimated—2021	2,039

The core deposit intangibles recognized in connection with prior bank acquisitions are amortized over a ten-year period on an accelerated basis. The customer list intangibles recognized in connection with the purchase of life insurance premium finance assets in 2009 are being amortized over an 18-year period on an accelerated basis while the customer list intangibles recognized

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in connection with prior acquisitions within the wealth management segment are being amortized over a ten-year period on a straight-line basis.

Total amortization expense associated with finite-lived intangibles totaled approximately $1.2 million and $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

(9) Deposits

The following table is a summary of deposits as of the dates shown:



(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2016
Balance:
Non-interest bearing	$	5,790,579		$	5,927,377		$	5,205,410
NOW and interest bearing demand deposits	2,484,676			2,624,442			2,369,474
Wealth management deposits	2,390,464			2,209,617			1,761,710
Money market	4,555,752			4,441,811			4,157,083
Savings	2,287,958			2,180,482			1,766,552
Time certificates of deposit	4,221,012			4,274,903			3,956,842
Total deposits	$	21,730,441		$	21,658,632		$	19,217,071
Mix:
Non-interest bearing	27		%	27		%	27		%
NOW and interest bearing demand deposits	11			12			12
Wealth management deposits	11			10			9
Money market	21			21			22
Savings	11			10			9
Time certificates of deposit	19			20			21
Total deposits	100		%	100		%	100		%

Wealth management deposits represent deposit balances (primarily money market accounts) at the Company’s subsidiary banks from brokerage customers of Wayne Hummer Investments, trust and asset management customers of Company and brokerage customers from unaffiliated companies.

(10) FHLB Advances, Other Borrowings and Subordinated Notes

The following table is a summary of FHLB advances, other borrowings and subordinated notes as of the dates shown:



(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016
FHLB advances	$	227,585	$	153,831	$	799,482
Other borrowings:
Notes payable	48,702		52,445		63,683
Short-term borrowings	39,246		61,809		47,680
Other	17,949		18,154		18,811
Secured borrowings	132,890		130,078		122,952
Total other borrowings	238,787		262,486		253,126
Subordinated notes	138,993		138,971		138,888
Total FHLB advances, other borrowings and subordinated notes	$	605,365	$	555,288	$	1,191,496

FHLB Advances

FHLB advances consist of obligations of the banks and are collateralized by qualifying commercial and residential real estate and home equity loans and certain securities. FHLB advances are stated at par value of the debt adjusted for unamortized prepayment fees paid at the time of prior restructurings of FHLB advances and unamortized fair value adjustments recorded in connection with advances acquired through acquisitions.

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Notes Payable

At March 31, 2017, notes payable represented a $48.7 million term facility ("Term Facility"), which is part of a $150.0 million loan agreement ("Credit Agreement") with unaffiliated banks dated December 15, 2014. The Credit Agreement consists of the Term Facility with an original outstanding balance of $75.0 million and a $75.0 million revolving credit facility ("Revolving Credit Facility"). At March 31, 2017, the Company had a balance of $48.7 million compared to $52.4 million at December 31, 2016 and $63.7 million at March 31, 2016 under the Term Facility. The Term Facility is stated at par of the current outstanding balance of the debt adjusted for unamortized costs paid by the Company in relation to the debt issuance. The Company was contractually required to borrow the entire amount of the Term Facility on June 15, 2015 and all such borrowings must be repaid by June 15, 2020. Beginning September 30, 2015, the Company was required to make straight-line quarterly amortizing payments on the Term Facility. At March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, the Company had no outstanding balance under the Revolving Credit Facility. As no outstanding balance exists on the Revolving Credit Facility, unamortized costs paid by the Company in relation to the issuance of this debt are classified in other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Condition. In December 2015, the Company amended the Credit Agreement, effectively extending the maturity date on the Revolving Credit Facility from December 14, 2015 to December 12, 2016. In December 2016, the Company again amended the Credit Agreement, effectively extending the maturity date on the Revolving Credit Facility from December 12, 2016 to December 11, 2017.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement that are considered “Base Rate Loans” bear interest at a rate equal to the sum of (1) 50 basis points (in the case of a borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility) or 75 basis points (in the case of a borrowing under the Term Facility) plus (2) the highest of (a) the federal funds rate plus 50 basis points, (b) the lender's prime rate, and (c) the Eurodollar Rate (as defined below) that would be applicable for an interest period of one month plus 100 basis points. Borrowings under the agreement that are considered “Eurodollar Rate Loans” bear interest at a rate equal to the sum of (1) 150 basis points (in the case of a borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility) or 175 basis points (in the case of a borrowing under the Term Facility) plus (2) the LIBOR rate for the applicable period, as adjusted for statutory reserve requirements for eurocurrency liabilities (the “Eurodollar Rate”). A commitment fee is payable quarterly equal to 0.20% of the actual daily amount by which the lenders' commitment under the Revolving Credit Facility exceeded the amount outstanding under such facility.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are secured by pledges of and first priority perfected security interests in the Company's equity interest in its bank subsidiaries and contain several restrictive covenants, including the maintenance of various capital adequacy levels, asset quality and profitability ratios, and certain restrictions on dividends and other indebtedness. At March 31, 2017, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants. The Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Facility are available to be utilized, as needed, to provide capital to fund continued growth at the Company’s banks and to serve as an interim source of funds for acquisitions, common stock repurchases or other general corporate purposes.

Short-term Borrowings

Short-term borrowings include securities sold under repurchase agreements and federal funds purchased. These borrowings totaled $39.2 million at March 31, 2017 compared to $61.8 million at December 31, 2016 and $47.7 million at March 31, 2016. At March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, securities sold under repurchase agreements represent $39.2 million, $61.8 million and $47.7 million, respectively, of customer sweep accounts in connection with master repurchase agreements at the banks. The Company records securities sold under repurchase agreements at their gross value and does not offset positions on the Consolidated Statements of Condition. As of March 31, 2017, the Company had pledged securities related to its customer balances in sweep accounts of $72.7 million. Securities pledged for customer balances in sweep accounts and short-term borrowings from brokers are maintained under the Company’s control and consist of U.S. Government agency and mortgage-backed securities. These securities are included in the available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities portfolios as reflected on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition.

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The following is a summary of these securities pledged as of March 31, 2017 disaggregated by investment category and maturity of the related customer sweep account, and reconciled to the outstanding balance of securities sold under repurchase agreements:



(Dollars in thousands)	Overnight Sweep Collateral
Available-for-sale securities pledged
Mortgage-backed securities	$	48,787
Held-to-maturity securities pledged
U.S. Government agencies	23,884
Total collateral pledged	$	72,671
Excess collateral	33,425
Securities sold under repurchase agreements	$	39,246

Other Borrowings

Other borrowings at March 31, 2017 represent a fixed-rate promissory note issued by the Company in August 2012 ("Fixed-Rate Promissory Note") related to and secured by an office building owned by the Company, and non-recourse notes issued by the Company to other banks related to certain capital leases. At March 31, 2017, the Fixed-Rate Promissory Note had a balance of $17.6 million compared to a balance of $17.7 million and $18.1 million at December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, respectively. Under the Fixed-Rate Promissory Note, the Company will make monthly principal payments and pay interest at a fixed rate of 3.75% until maturity on September 1, 2017. At March 31, 2017, the non-recourse notes related to certain capital leases totaled $374,000 compared to $447,000 and $662,000 at December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, respectively.

Secured Borrowings

Secured borrowings at March 31, 2017 primarily represents transactions to sell an undivided co-ownership interest in all receivables owed to the Company's subsidiary, FIFC Canada. In December 2014, FIFC Canada sold such interest to an unrelated third party in exchange for a cash payment of approximately C$150 million pursuant to a receivables purchase agreement (“Receivables Purchase Agreement”). The Receivables Purchase Agreement was amended in December 2015, effectively extending the maturity date from December 15, 2015 to December 15, 2017. Additionally, at that time, the unrelated third party paid an additional C$10 million, which increased the total payments to C$160 million. These transactions were not considered sales of receivables and, as such, related proceeds received are reflected on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition as a secured borrowing owed to the unrelated third party, net of unamortized debt issuance costs, and translated to the Company’s reporting currency as of the respective date. At March 31, 2017, the translated balance of the secured borrowing totaled $120.1 million compared to $119.0 million at December 31, 2016 and $123.0 million at March 31, 2016. Additionally, the interest rate under the Receivables Purchase Agreement at March 31, 2017 was 1.6888%. The remaining $12.8 million within secured borrowings at March 31, 2017 represents other sold interests in certain loans by the Company that were not considered sales and, as such, related proceeds received are reflected on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition as a secured borrowing owed to the various unrelated third parties.

Subordinated Notes

At March 31, 2017, the Company had outstanding subordinated notes totaling $139.0 million compared to $139.0 million and $138.9 million outstanding at December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, respectively. The notes have a stated interest rate of 5.00% and mature in June 2024. These notes are stated at par adjusted for unamortized costs paid related to the issuance of this debt.

(11) Junior Subordinated Debentures

As of March 31, 2017, the Company owned 100% of the common securities of eleven trusts, Wintrust Capital Trust III, Wintrust Statutory Trust IV, Wintrust Statutory Trust V, Wintrust Capital Trust VII, Wintrust Capital Trust VIII, Wintrust Capital Trust IX, Northview Capital Trust I, Town Bankshares Capital Trust I, First Northwest Capital Trust I, Suburban Illinois Capital Trust II, and Community Financial Shares Statutory Trust II (the “Trusts”) set up to provide long-term financing. The Northview, Town, First Northwest, Suburban, and Community Financial Shares capital trusts were acquired as part of the acquisitions of Northview Financial Corporation, Town Bankshares, Ltd., First Northwest Bancorp, Inc., Suburban and CFIS, respectively. The Trusts were formed for purposes of issuing trust preferred securities to third-party investors and investing the proceeds from the issuance of the trust preferred securities and common securities solely in junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company (or assumed by the Company in connection with an acquisition), with the same maturities and interest rates as the trust preferred securities.

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The junior subordinated debentures are the sole assets of the Trusts. In each Trust, the common securities represent approximately 3% of the junior subordinated debentures and the trust preferred securities represent approximately 97% of the junior subordinated debentures.

In January 2016, the Company acquired $15.0 million of the $40.0 million of trust preferred securities issued by Wintrust Capital Trust VIII from a third-party investor. The purchase effectively extinguished $15.0 million of junior subordinated debentures related to Wintrust Capital Trust VIII and resulted in a $4.3 million gain from the early extinguishment of debt.

The Trusts are reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as unconsolidated subsidiaries. Accordingly, in the Consolidated Statements of Condition, the junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company to the Trusts are reported as liabilities and the common securities of the Trusts, all of which are owned by the Company, are included in available-for-sale securities.

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s junior subordinated debentures as of March 31, 2017. The junior subordinated debentures represent the par value of the obligations owed to the Trusts.



(Dollars in thousands)	Common Securities		Trust Preferred Securities		Junior Subordinated Debentures		Rate Structure	Contractual rate at 3/31/2017		Issue Date	Maturity Date	Earliest Redemption Date
Wintrust Capital Trust III	$	774	$	25,000	$	25,774	L+3.25	4.27	%	04/2003	04/2033	04/2008
Wintrust Statutory Trust IV	619		20,000		20,619		L+2.80	3.95	%	12/2003	12/2033	12/2008
Wintrust Statutory Trust V	1,238		40,000		41,238		L+2.60	3.75	%	05/2004	05/2034	06/2009
Wintrust Capital Trust VII	1,550		50,000		51,550		L+1.95	3.08	%	12/2004	03/2035	03/2010
Wintrust Capital Trust VIII	1,238		25,000		26,238		L+1.45	2.60	%	08/2005	09/2035	09/2010
Wintrust Capital Trust IX	1,547		50,000		51,547		L+1.63	2.76	%	09/2006	09/2036	09/2011
Northview Capital Trust I	186		6,000		6,186		L+3.00	4.03	%	08/2003	11/2033	08/2008
Town Bankshares Capital Trust I	186		6,000		6,186		L+3.00	4.03	%	08/2003	11/2033	08/2008
First Northwest Capital Trust I	155		5,000		5,155		L+3.00	4.15	%	05/2004	05/2034	05/2009
Suburban Illinois Capital Trust II	464		15,000		15,464		L+1.75	2.88	%	12/2006	12/2036	12/2011
Community Financial Shares Statutory Trust II	109		3,500		3,609		L+1.62	2.75	%	06/2007	09/2037	06/2012
Total					$	253,566		3.32	%

The junior subordinated debentures totaled $253.6 million at March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016.

The interest rates on the variable rate junior subordinated debentures are based on the three-month LIBOR rate and reset on a quarterly basis. At March 31, 2017, the weighted average contractual interest rate on the junior subordinated debentures was 3.32%. The Company entered into interest rate swaps and caps to hedge the variable cash flows on certain junior subordinated debentures. The hedge-adjusted rate on the junior subordinated debentures as of March 31, 2017, was 3.61%. Distributions on the common and preferred securities issued by the Trusts are payable quarterly at a rate per annum equal to the interest rates being earned by the Trusts on the junior subordinated debentures. Interest expense on the junior subordinated debentures is deductible for income tax purposes.

The Company has guaranteed the payment of distributions and payments upon liquidation or redemption of the trust preferred securities, in each case to the extent of funds held by the Trusts. The Company and the Trusts believe that, taken together, the obligations of the Company under the guarantees, the junior subordinated debentures, and other related agreements provide, in the aggregate, a full, irrevocable and unconditional guarantee, on a subordinated basis, of all of the obligations of the Trusts under the trust preferred securities. Subject to certain limitations, the Company has the right to defer the payment of interest on the junior subordinated debentures at any time, or from time to time, for a period not to exceed 20 consecutive quarters. The trust preferred securities are subject to mandatory redemption, in whole or in part, upon repayment of the junior subordinated debentures at maturity or their earlier redemption. The junior subordinated debentures are redeemable in whole or in part prior to maturity at any time after the earliest redemption dates shown in the table, and earlier at the discretion of the Company if certain conditions are met, and, in any event, only after the Company has obtained Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB") approval, if then required under applicable guidelines or regulations.

Prior to January 1, 2015, the junior subordinated debentures, subject to certain limitations, qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company and the amount in excess of those certain limitations could, subject to other restrictions, be included in Tier 2 capital. Starting in 2015, a portion of these junior subordinated debentures still qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company and the amount in excess of those certain limitations, subject to certain restrictions, was included in Tier 2 capital. Starting in

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2016, none of the junior subordinated debentures qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company resulting in $245.5 million of the junior subordinated debentures, net of common securities, being included in the Company's Tier 2 regulatory capital.

(12) Segment Information

The Company’s operations consist of three primary segments: community banking, specialty finance and wealth management.

The three reportable segments are strategic business units that are separately managed as they offer different products and services and have different marketing strategies. In addition, each segment’s customer base has varying characteristics and each segment has a different regulatory environment. While the Company’s management monitors each of the fifteen bank subsidiaries’ operations and profitability separately, these subsidiaries have been aggregated into one reportable operating segment due to the similarities in products and services, customer base, operations, profitability measures, and economic characteristics.

For purposes of internal segment profitability, management allocates certain intersegment and parent company balances. Management allocates a portion of revenues to the specialty finance segment related to loans and leases originated by the specialty finance segment and sold or assigned to the community banking segment. Similarly, for purposes of analyzing the contribution from the wealth management segment, management allocates a portion of the net interest income earned by the community banking segment on deposit balances of customers of the wealth management segment to the wealth management segment. See Note 9 — Deposits, for more information on these deposits. Finally, expenses incurred at the Wintrust parent company are allocated to each segment based on each segment's risk-weighted assets.

The segment financial information provided in the following tables has been derived from the internal profitability reporting system used by management to monitor and manage the financial performance of the Company. The accounting policies of the segments are substantially similar to those described in “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in Note 1 of the Company’s 2016 Form 10-K. The Company evaluates segment performance based on after-tax profit or loss and other appropriate profitability measures common to each segment.

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The following is a summary of certain operating information for reportable segments:



	Three months ended						$ Change in Contribution			% Change in Contribution
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016			$ Change in Contribution			% Change in Contribution
Net interest income:
Community Banking	$	156,280		$	141,698		$	14,582		10	%
Specialty Finance	26,812			21,180			5,632			27
Wealth Management	5,056			4,483			573			13
Total Operating Segments	188,148			167,361			20,787			12
Intersegment Eliminations	4,432			4,148			284			7
Consolidated net interest income	$	192,580		$	171,509		$	21,071		12	%
Non-interest income:
Community Banking	$	42,716		$	45,667		$	(2,951	)	(6	)%
Specialty Finance	14,156			12,403			1,753			14
Wealth Management	20,802			18,752			2,050			11
Total Operating Segments	77,674			76,822			852			1
Intersegment Eliminations	(8,909		)	(8,070		)	(839		)	(10	)
Consolidated non-interest income	$	68,765		$	68,752		$	13		—	%
Net revenue:
Community Banking	$	198,996		$	187,365		$	11,631		6	%
Specialty Finance	40,968			33,583			7,385			22
Wealth Management	25,858			23,235			2,623			11
Total Operating Segments	265,822			244,183			21,639			9
Intersegment Eliminations	(4,477		)	(3,922		)	(555		)	(14	)
Consolidated net revenue	$	261,345		$	240,261		$	21,084		9	%
Segment profit:
Community Banking	$	37,677		$	34,757		$	2,920		8	%
Specialty Finance	16,098			11,472			4,626			40
Wealth Management	4,603			2,882			1,721			60
Consolidated net income	$	58,378		$	49,111		$	9,267		19	%
Segment assets:
Community Banking	$	21,164,041		$	19,575,709		$	1,588,332		8	%
Specialty Finance	3,966,542			3,322,807			643,735			19
Wealth Management	648,310			589,652			58,658			10
Consolidated total assets	$	25,778,893		$	23,488,168		$	2,290,725		10	%

(13) Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company primarily enters into derivative financial instruments as part of its strategy to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates. Derivative instruments represent contracts between parties that result in one party delivering cash to the other party based on a notional amount and an underlying term (such as a rate, security price or price index) as specified in the contract. The amount of cash delivered from one party to the other is determined based on the interaction of the notional amount of the contract with the underlying term. Derivatives are also implicit in certain contracts and commitments.

The derivative financial instruments currently used by the Company to manage its exposure to interest rate risk include: (1) interest rate swaps and caps to manage the interest rate risk of certain fixed and variable rate assets and variable rate liabilities; (2) interest rate lock commitments provided to customers to fund certain mortgage loans to be sold into the secondary market; (3) forward commitments for the future delivery of such mortgage loans to protect the Company from adverse changes in interest rates and corresponding changes in the value of mortgage loans held-for-sale; and (4) covered call options to economically hedge specific investment securities and receive fee income effectively enhancing the overall yield on such securities to compensate for net interest margin compression. The Company also enters into derivatives (typically interest rate swaps) with certain qualified borrowers to facilitate the borrowers’ risk management strategies and concurrently enters into mirror-image derivatives with a

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third party counterparty, effectively making a market in the derivatives for such borrowers. Additionally, the Company enters into foreign currency contracts to manage foreign exchange risk associated with certain foreign currency denominated assets.

The Company recognizes derivative financial instruments in the consolidated financial statements at fair value regardless of the purpose or intent for holding the instrument. The Company records derivative assets and derivative liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Condition within accrued interest receivable and other assets and accrued interest payable and other liabilities, respectively. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are either recognized in income or in shareholders’ equity as a component of other comprehensive income depending on whether the derivative financial instrument qualifies for hedge accounting and, if so, whether it qualifies as a fair value hedge or cash flow hedge. Generally, changes in fair values of derivatives accounted for as fair value hedges are recorded in income in the same period and in the same income statement line as changes in the fair values of the hedged items that relate to the hedged risk(s). Changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges, to the extent they are effective hedges, are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income, net of deferred taxes, and reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings. Changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments not designated in a hedging relationship pursuant to ASC 815, including changes in fair value related to the ineffective portion of cash flow hedges, are reported in non-interest income during the period of the change. Derivative financial instruments are valued by a third party and are corroborated by comparison with valuations provided by the respective counterparties. Fair values of certain mortgage banking derivatives (interest rate lock commitments and forward commitments to sell mortgage loans) are estimated based on changes in mortgage interest rates from the date of the loan commitment. The fair value of foreign currency derivatives is computed based on changes in foreign currency rates stated in the contract compared to those prevailing at the measurement date.

The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as of March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016:



	Derivative Assets						Derivative Liabilities
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016		March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815:
Interest rate derivatives designated as Cash Flow Hedges	$	9,311	$	8,011	$	64	$	—	$	—	$	586
Interest rate derivatives designated as Fair Value Hedges	2,381		2,228		—		—		—		670
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815	$	11,692	$	10,239	$	64	$	—	$	—	$	1,256
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815:
Interest rate derivatives	$	36,476	$	38,974	$	73,921	$	35,459	$	37,665	$	72,763
Interest rate lock commitments	5,600		4,265		12,104		2,981		1,325		3,574
Forward commitments to sell mortgage loans	69		2,037		—		2,656		—		3,857
Foreign exchange contracts	436		879		248		435		849		262
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815	$	42,581	$	46,155	$	86,273	$	41,531	$	39,839	$	80,456
Total Derivatives	$	54,273	$	56,394	$	86,337	$	41,531	$	39,839	$	81,712

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to net interest income and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish these objectives, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps and interest rate caps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of payments at the end of each period in which the interest rate specified in the contract exceeds the agreed upon strike price.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had two interest rate swap derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of variable rate deposits. The interest rate swap derivatives had notional amounts of $250.0 million and $275.0 million, and mature in July 2019 and August 2019, respectively. Additionally, as of March 31, 2017, the Company had two interest rate caps designated as hedges of the variable cash outflows associated with interest expense on the Company’s junior subordinated debentures. These cap derivatives had notional amounts of $50.0 million and $40.0 million, respectively, both maturing in September 2017. The effective portion of

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changes in the fair value of these cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and is subsequently reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable rate junior subordinated debentures. The changes in fair value (net of tax) are separately disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of these derivatives is recognized directly in earnings; however, no hedge ineffectiveness was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2017 or March 31, 2016. The Company uses the hypothetical derivative method to assess and measure hedge effectiveness.

The table below provides details on each of these cash flow hedges as of March 31, 2017:



	March 31, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)	Notional		Fair Value
Maturity Date	Amount		Asset (Liability)
Interest Rate Swaps:
July 2019	$	250,000	$	4,132
August 2019	275,000		5,159
Total Interest Rate Swaps	$	525,000	$	9,291
Interest Rate Caps:
September 2017	$	50,000	$	10
September 2017	40,000		10
Total Interest Rate Caps	$	90,000	$	20
Total Cash Flow Hedges	$	615,000	$	9,311

A rollforward of the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges follows:



	Three months ended
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017		March 31, 2016
Unrealized gain (loss) at beginning of period	$	6,944	$	(3,529	)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense on deposits and junior subordinated debentures	216		723
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income	1,399		(245		)
Unrealized gain (loss) at end of period	$	8,559	$	(3,051	)

As of March 31, 2017, the Company estimates that during the next twelve months, $1.9 million will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive gain as an increase to interest expense.

Fair Value Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involve the payment of fixed amounts to a counterparty in exchange for the Company receiving variable payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. As of March 31, 2017, the Company has eight interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $81.7 million that were designated as fair value hedges associated with fixed rate commercial and industrial and commercial franchise loans as well as life insurance premium finance receivables.

For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings. The Company includes the gain or loss on the hedged item in the same line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the related derivatives. The Company recognized a net loss of $11,000 and $39,000 in other income related to hedge ineffectiveness for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

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The following table presents the gain/(loss) and hedge ineffectiveness recognized on derivative instruments and the related hedged items that are designated as a fair value hedge accounting relationship as of March 31, 2017 and 2016:



(Dollars in thousands) Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships	Location of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative	Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative Three Months Ended					Amount of (Loss)/Gain Recognized in Income on Hedged Item Three Months Ended					Income Statement Gain/ (Loss) due to Hedge Ineffectiveness Three Months Ended
	Location of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative	March 31, 2017		March 31, 2016			March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016		March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016
Interest rate swaps	Trading losses, net	$	152	$	(554	)	$	(163	)	$	515	$	(11	)	$	(39	)

Non-Designated Hedges

The Company does not use derivatives for speculative purposes. Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges are used to manage the Company’s economic exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks but do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements of ASC 815. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated in hedging relationships are recorded directly in earnings.

Interest Rate Derivatives—The Company has interest rate derivatives, including swaps and option products, resulting from a service the Company provides to certain qualified borrowers. The Company’s banking subsidiaries execute certain derivative products (typically interest rate swaps) directly with qualified commercial borrowers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. For example, these arrangements allow the Company’s commercial borrowers to effectively convert a variable rate loan to a fixed rate. In order to minimize the Company’s exposure on these transactions, the Company simultaneously executes offsetting derivatives with third parties. In most cases, the offsetting derivatives have mirror-image terms, which result in the positions’ changes in fair value substantially offsetting through earnings each period. However, to the extent that the derivatives are not a mirror-image and because of differences in counterparty credit risk, changes in fair value will not completely offset resulting in some earnings impact each period. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are included in non-interest income. At March 31, 2017, the Company had interest rate derivative transactions with an aggregate notional amount of approximately $4.4 billion (all interest rate swaps and caps with customers and third parties) related to this program. These interest rate derivatives had maturity dates ranging from April 2017 to February 2045.

Mortgage Banking Derivatives—These derivatives include interest rate lock commitments provided to customers to fund certain mortgage loans to be sold into the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery of such loans. It is the Company’s practice to enter into forward commitments for the future delivery of a portion of our residential mortgage loan production when interest rate lock commitments are entered into in order to economically hedge the effect of future changes in interest rates on its commitments to fund the loans as well as on its portfolio of mortgage loans held-for-sale. The Company’s mortgage banking derivatives have not been designated as being in hedge relationships. At March 31, 2017, the Company had forward commitments to sell mortgage loans with an aggregate notional amount of approximately $767.3 million and interest rate lock commitments with an aggregate notional amount of approximately $496.1 million. The fair values of these derivatives were estimated based on changes in mortgage rates from the dates of the commitments. Changes in the fair value of these mortgage banking derivatives are included in mortgage banking revenue.

Foreign Currency Derivatives—These derivatives include foreign currency contracts used to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with foreign currency denominated assets and transactions. Foreign currency contracts, which include spot and forward contracts, represent agreements to exchange the currency of one country for the currency of another country at an agreed-upon price on an agreed-upon settlement date. As a result of fluctuations in foreign currencies, the U.S. dollar-equivalent value of the foreign currency denominated assets or forecasted transactions increase or decrease. Gains or losses on the derivative instruments related to these foreign currency denominated assets or forecasted transactions are expected to substantially offset this variability. As of March 31, 2017 the Company held foreign currency derivatives with an aggregate notional amount of approximately $36.1 million.

Other Derivatives—Periodically, the Company will sell options to a bank or dealer for the right to purchase certain securities held within the banks’ investment portfolios (covered call options). These option transactions are designed primarily to mitigate overall interest rate risk and to increase the total return associated with the investment securities portfolio. These options do not qualify as accounting hedges pursuant to ASC 815, and, accordingly, changes in fair value of these contracts are recognized as other non-interest income. There were no covered call options outstanding as of March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 or March 31, 2016.

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Amounts included in the Consolidated Statements of Income related to derivative instruments not designated in hedge relationships were as follows:



(Dollars in thousands)		Three Months Ended
Derivative	Location in income statement	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016
Interest rate swaps and caps	Trading (losses) gains, net	$	(303	)	$	76
Mortgage banking derivatives	Mortgage banking revenue	738			1,864
Covered call options	Fees from covered call options	759			1,712
Foreign exchange contracts	Trading (losses) gains, net	(28		)	(63		)

Credit Risk

Derivative instruments have inherent risks, primarily market risk and credit risk. Market risk is associated with changes in interest rates and credit risk relates to the risk that the counterparty will fail to perform according to the terms of the agreement. The amounts potentially subject to market and credit risks are the streams of interest payments under the contracts and the market value of the derivative instrument and not the notional principal amounts used to express the volume of the transactions. Market and credit risks are managed and monitored as part of the Company's overall asset-liability management process, except that the credit risk related to derivatives entered into with certain qualified borrowers is managed through the Company's standard loan underwriting process since these derivatives are secured through collateral provided by the loan agreements. Actual exposures are monitored against various types of credit limits established to contain risk within parameters. When deemed necessary, appropriate types and amounts of collateral are obtained to minimize credit exposure.

The Company has agreements with certain of its interest rate derivative counterparties that contain cross-default provisions, which provide that if the Company defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The Company also has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision allowing the counterparty to terminate the derivative positions if the Company fails to maintain its status as a well or adequately capitalized institution, which would require the Company to settle its obligations under the agreements. As of March 31, 2017, the fair value of interest rate derivatives in a net liability position that were subject to such agreements, which includes accrued interest related to these agreements, was $7.3 million. If the Company had breached any of these provisions and the derivatives were terminated as a result, the Company would have been required to settle its obligations under the agreements at the termination value and would have been required to pay any additional amounts due in excess of amounts previously posted as collateral with the respective counterparty.

The Company is also exposed to the credit risk of its commercial borrowers who are counterparties to interest rate derivatives with the banks. This counterparty risk related to the commercial borrowers is managed and monitored through the banks' standard underwriting process applicable to loans since these derivatives are secured through collateral provided by the loan agreement. The counterparty risk associated with the mirror-image swaps executed with third parties is monitored and managed in connection with the Company's overall asset liability management process.

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The Company records interest rate derivatives subject to master netting agreements at their gross value and does not offset derivative assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Condition. The tables below summarize the Company's interest rate derivatives and offsetting positions as of the dates shown.



	Derivative Assets									Derivative Liabilities
	Fair Value									Fair Value
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2016			March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2016
Gross Amounts Recognized	$	48,168		$	49,213		$	73,985		$	35,459		$	37,665		$	74,019
Less: Amounts offset in the Statements of Financial Condition	—			—			—			—			—			—
Net amount presented in the Statements of Financial Condition	$	48,168		$	49,213		$	73,985		$	35,459		$	37,665		$	74,019
Gross amounts not offset in the Statements of Financial Condition
Offsetting Derivative Positions	(16,529		)	(14,441		)	(156		)	(16,529		)	(14,441		)	(156		)
Collateral Posted ⁽¹⁾	(6,990		)	(8,530		)	—			(12,300		)	(12,400		)	(73,863		)
Net Credit Exposure	$	24,649		$	26,242		$	73,829		$	6,630		$	10,824		$	—


(1)	As of March 31, 2016, the Company posted collateral of $81.6 million, which resulted in excess collateral with its counterparties. For purposes of this disclosure, the amount of posted collateral is limited to the amount offsetting the derivative liability.

(14) Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities

The Company measures, monitors and discloses certain of its assets and liabilities on a fair value basis. These financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the observability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:


•	Level 1—unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•

Level 2—inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

•

Level 3—significant unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the above valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the assets or liabilities. Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Available-for-sale and trading account securities—Fair values for available-for-sale and trading securities are typically based on prices obtained from independent pricing vendors. Securities measured with these valuation techniques are generally classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Typically, standard inputs such as benchmark yields, reported trades for similar securities, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data including market research publications are used to fair value a security. When these inputs are not available, broker/dealer quotes may be obtained by the vendor to determine the fair value of the security. We review the vendor’s pricing methodologies to determine if observable market information is being used, versus unobservable inputs. Fair value measurements using significant inputs that are unobservable in the market due to limited activity or a less liquid market are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

The Company’s Investment Operations Department is responsible for the valuation of Level 3 available-for-sale securities. The methodology and variables used as inputs in pricing Level 3 securities are derived from a combination of observable and

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unobservable inputs. The unobservable inputs are determined through internal assumptions that may vary from period to period due to external factors, such as market movement and credit rating adjustments.

At March 31, 2017, the Company classified $79.7 million of municipal securities as Level 3. These municipal securities are bond issues for various municipal government entities primarily located in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin and are privately placed, non-rated bonds without CUSIP numbers. The Company also classified $4.3 million of U.S. government agencies as Level 3 at March 31, 2017. The Company’s methodology for pricing these securities focuses on three distinct inputs: equivalent rating, yield and other pricing terms. To determine the rating for a given non-rated municipal bond, the Investment Operations Department references a publicly issued bond by the same issuer if available. A reduction is then applied to the rating obtained from the comparable bond, as the Company believes if liquidated, a non-rated bond would be valued less than a similar bond with a verifiable rating. The reduction applied by the Company is one complete rating grade (i.e. a “AA” rating for a comparable bond would be reduced to “A” for the Company’s valuation). In the first quarter of 2017, all of the ratings derived in the above process by Investment Operations were BBB or better, for both bonds with and without comparable bond proxies. The fair value measurement of municipal bonds is sensitive to the rating input, as a higher rating typically results in an increased valuation. The remaining pricing inputs used in the bond valuation are observable. Based on the rating determined in the above process, Investment Operations obtains a corresponding current market yield curve available to market participants. Other terms including coupon, maturity date, redemption price, number of coupon payments per year, and accrual method are obtained from the individual bond term sheets. Certain municipal bonds held by the Company at March 31, 2017 have a call date that has passed, and are now continuously callable. When valuing these bonds, the fair value is capped at par value as the Company assumes a market participant would not pay more than par for a continuously callable bond. To determine the rating for the U.S. government agency securities, the Investment Operations Department assigned a AAA rating as it is guaranteed by the U.S. government.

At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company held no equity securities classified as Level 3 compared to $24.1 million at March 31, 2016. At March 31, 2016, the securities in Level 3 were primarily comprised of auction rate preferred securities. The Company’s valuation methodology at that time included modeling the contractual cash flows of the underlying preferred securities and applying a discount to these cash flows by a market spread derived from the market price of the securities underlying debt. In 2016, the Company exchanged these auction rate securities for the underlying preferred securities, resulting in a $2.4 million gain on the nonmonetary sale. The Company classified the preferred securities received as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy at the time of the transaction due to observable inputs other than quoted prices existing for the preferred securities.

Mortgage loans held-for-sale—The fair value of mortgage loans held-for-sale is determined by reference to investor price sheets for loan products with similar characteristics.

Loans held-for-investment—The fair value for loans in which the Company elected the fair value option is estimated by discounting future scheduled cash flows for the specific loan through maturity, adjusted for estimated credit losses and prepayments. At March 31, 2017, the Company classified $28.5 million of loans held-for-investment as Level 3. The weighted average discount rate used as an input to value these loans at March 31, 2017 was 3.76% with discount rates applied ranging from 3%-4%. The higher the rate utilized to discount estimated future cash flows, the lower the fair value measurement. As noted above, the fair value estimate also includes assumptions of prepayment speeds and credit losses. The Company included a prepayments speed assumption of 9.20% at March 31, 2017. Prepayment speeds are inversely related to the fair value of these loans as an increase in prepayment speeds results in a decreased valuation. Additionally, the weighted average credit spread used as an input to value the specific loans was 2.98% with credit spreads ranging from 0%-8% at March 31, 2017.

Mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs")—Fair value for MSRs is determined utilizing a valuation model which calculates the fair value of each servicing rights based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. The Company uses a discount rate commensurate with the risk associated with each servicing rights, given current market conditions. At March 31, 2017, the Company classified $21.6 million of MSRs as Level 3. The weighted average discount rate used as an input to value the MSRs at March 31, 2017 was 6.15% with discount rates applied ranging from 3%-8%. The higher the rate utilized to discount estimated future cash flows, the lower the fair value measurement. The fair value of MSRs was also estimated based on other assumptions including prepayment speeds and the cost to service. Prepayment speeds used as an input to value the MSRs at March 31, 2017 ranged from 5%-83% or a weighted average prepayment speed of 9.21%. Further, for current and delinquent loans, the Company assumed the cost of servicing of $65.00 and $240.00, respectively, per loan. Prepayment speeds and the cost to service are both inversely related to the fair value of MSRs as an increase in prepayment speeds or the cost to service results in a decreased valuation.

Derivative instruments—The Company’s derivative instruments include interest rate swaps and caps, commitments to fund mortgages for sale into the secondary market (interest rate locks), forward commitments to end investors for the sale of mortgage loans and foreign currency contracts. Interest rate swaps and caps are valued by a third party, using models that primarily use market observable inputs, such as yield curves, and are corroborated by comparison with valuations provided by the respective counterparties. The credit risk associated with derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements is

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measured on a net basis by counterparty portfolio. The fair value for mortgage-related derivatives is based on changes in mortgage rates from the date of the commitments. The fair value of foreign currency derivatives is computed based on change in foreign currency rates stated in the contract compared to those prevailing at the measurement date.

At March 31, 2017, the Company classified $3.6 million of derivative assets related to interest rate locks as Level 3. The fair value of interest rate locks is based on prices obtained for loans with similar characteristics from third parties, adjusted for the pull-through rate, which represents the Company’s best estimate of the likelihood that a committed loan will ultimately fund. The weighted-average pull-through rate at March 31, 2017 was 88.5% with pull-through rates applied ranging from 40% to 100%. Pull-through rates are directly related to the fair value of interest rate locks as an increase in the pull-through rate results in an increased valuation

Nonqualified deferred compensation assets—The underlying assets relating to the nonqualified deferred compensation plan are included in a trust and primarily consist of non-exchange traded institutional funds which are priced based by an independent third party service.

The following tables present the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods presented:



	March 31, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. Treasury	$	142,156	$	—	$	142,156	$	—
U.S. Government agencies	177,829		—		173,546		4,283
Municipal	127,563		—		47,818		79,745
Corporate notes	65,424		—		65,424		—
Mortgage-backed	1,256,044		—		1,256,044		—
Equity securities	34,717		—		34,717		—
Trading account securities	714		—		714		—
Mortgage loans held-for-sale	288,964		—		288,964		—
Loans held-for-investment	28,548		—		—		28,548
MSRs	21,596		—		—		21,596
Nonqualified deferred compensation assets	10,347		—		10,347		—
Derivative assets	54,273		—		50,691		3,582
Total	$	2,208,175	$	—	$	2,070,421	$	137,754
Derivative liabilities	$	41,531	$	—	$	41,531	$	—



	December 31, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. Treasury	$	141,983	$	—	$	141,983	$	—
U.S. Government agencies	189,152		—		189,152		—
Municipal	131,809		—		52,183		79,626
Corporate notes	65,391		—		65,391		—
Mortgage-backed	1,161,084		—		1,161,084		—
Equity securities	35,248		—		35,248		—
Trading account securities	1,989		—		1,989		—
Mortgage loans held-for-sale	418,374		—		418,374		—
Loans held-for-investment	22,137		—		—		22,137
MSRs	19,103		—		—		19,103
Nonqualified deferred compensation assets	9,228		—		9,228		—
Derivative assets	56,394		—		54,103		2,291
Total	$	2,251,892	$	—	$	2,128,735	$	123,157
Derivative liabilities	$	39,839	$	—	$	39,839	$	—

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	March 31, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Available-for-sale securities
U.S. Treasury	$	117,089	$	—	$	117,089	$	—
U.S. Government agencies	94,172		—		94,172		—
Municipal	121,195		—		50,953		70,242
Corporate notes	80,213		—		80,213		—
Mortgage-backed	302,695		—		302,695		—
Equity securities	55,619		—		31,565		24,054
Trading account securities	2,116		—		2,116		—
Mortgage loans held-for-sale	314,554		—		314,554		—
Loans held-for-investment	10,706		—		10,706		—
MSRs	10,128		—		—		10,128
Nonqualified deferred compensation assets	8,926		—		8,926		—
Derivative assets	86,337		—		76,420		9,917
Total	$	1,203,750	$	—	$	1,089,409	$	114,341
Derivative liabilities	$	81,712	$	—	$	81,712	$	—

The aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding as of March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016 for mortgage loans held-for-sale measured at fair value under ASC 825 was $277.3 million, $414.4 million and $299.0 million, respectively, while the aggregate fair value of mortgage loans held-for-sale was $289.0 million, $418.4 million and $314.6 million, for the same respective periods, as shown in the above tables. There were no nonaccrual loans or loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing in the mortgage loans held-for-sale portfolio as of March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016.

The changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 are summarized as follows:



				Equity securities		U.S. Government Agencies		Loans held-for- investment			Mortgage servicing rights		Derivative Assets
(Dollars in thousands)	Municipal			Equity securities		U.S. Government Agencies		Loans held-for- investment			Mortgage servicing rights		Derivative Assets
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	79,626		$	—	$	—	$	22,137		$	19,103	$	2,291
Total net gains (losses) included in:
Net income ⁽¹⁾	—			—		—		(112		)	2,493		1,291
Other comprehensive loss	457			—		—		—			—		—
Purchases	7,586			—		—		—			—		—
Issuances	—			—		—		—			—		—
Sales	—			—		—		—			—		—
Settlements	(7,924		)	—		—		(3,332		)	—		—
Net transfers into/(out of) Level 3	—			—		4,283		9,855			—		—
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	79,745		$	—	$	4,283	$	28,548		$	21,596	$	3,582


(1)	Changes in the balance of MSRs are recorded as a component of mortgage banking revenue in non-interest income.

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				Equity securities			U.S. Government Agencies		Loans held-for- investment		Mortgage servicing rights		Derivative Assets
(Dollars in thousands)	Municipal			Equity securities			U.S. Government Agencies		Loans held-for- investment		Mortgage servicing rights		Derivative Assets
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	68,613		$	25,199		$	—	$	—	$	9,092	$	7,021
Total net (losses) gains included in:
Net income ⁽¹⁾	—			—			—		—		1,036		2,896
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(13		)	(1,145		)	—		—		—		—
Purchases	3,271			—			—		—		—		—
Issuances	—			—			—		—		—		—
Sales	—			—			—		—		—		—
Settlements	(1,629		)	—			—		—		—		—
Net transfers into/(out of) Level 3	—			—			—		—		—		—
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	70,242		$	24,054		$	—	$	—	$	10,128	$	9,917


(1)	Changes in the balance of MSRs are recorded as a component of mortgage banking revenue in non-interest income.

Also, the Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain other financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from impairment charges on individual assets. For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis that were still held in the balance sheet at the end of the period, the following table provides the carrying value of the related individual assets or portfolios at March 31, 2017.



	March 31, 2017								Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Fair Value Losses Recognized, net
(Dollars in thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Impaired loans—collateral based	$	63,095	$	—	$	—	$	63,095	$	1,721
Other real estate owned, including covered other real estate owned ⁽¹⁾	43,375		—		—		43,375		1,005
Total	$	106,470	$	—	$	—	$	106,470	$	2,726


(1)	Fair value losses recognized, net on other real estate owned include valuation adjustments and charge-offs during the respective period.

Impaired loans—A loan is considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due pursuant to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. A loan modified in a TDR is an impaired loan according to applicable accounting guidance. Impairment is measured by estimating the fair value of the loan based on the present value of expected cash flows, the market price of the loan, or the fair value of the underlying collateral. Impaired loans are considered a fair value measurement where an allowance is established based on the fair value of collateral. Appraised values, which may require adjustments to market-based valuation inputs, are generally used on real estate collateral-dependent impaired loans.

The Company’s Managed Assets Division is primarily responsible for the valuation of Level 3 inputs of impaired loans. For more information on the Managed Assets Division review of impaired loans refer to Note 7 – Allowance for Loan Losses, Allowance for Losses on Lending-Related Commitments and Impaired Loans. At March 31, 2017, the Company had $87.5 million of impaired loans classified as Level 3. Of the $87.5 million of impaired loans, $63.1 million were measured at fair value based on the underlying collateral of the loan as shown in the table above. The remaining $24.4 million were valued based on discounted cash flows in accordance with ASC 310.

Other real estate owned (including covered other real estate owned)—Other real estate owned is comprised of real estate acquired in partial or full satisfaction of loans and is included in other assets. Other real estate owned is recorded at its estimated fair value less estimated selling costs at the date of transfer, with any excess of the related loan balance over the fair value less expected selling costs charged to the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent changes in value are reported as adjustments to the carrying amount and are recorded in other non-interest expense. Gains and losses upon sale, if any, are also charged to other non-interest expense. Fair value is generally based on third party appraisals and internal estimates that are adjusted by a discount representing the estimated cost of sale and is therefore considered a Level 3 valuation.

The Company’s Managed Assets Division is primarily responsible for the valuation of Level 3 inputs for non-covered other real estate owned and covered other real estate owned. At March 31, 2017, the Company had $43.4 million of other real estate owned

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classified as Level 3. The unobservable input applied to other real estate owned relates to the 10% reduction to the appraisal value representing the estimated cost of sale of the foreclosed property. A higher discount for the estimated cost of sale results in a decreased carrying value.

The valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used to measure both recurring and non-recurring Level 3 fair value measurements at March 31, 2017 were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Fair Value

Valuation Methodology

Significant Unobservable Input

Range

of Inputs

Weighted

Average

of Inputs

Impact to valuation

from an increased or

higher input value

Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

Municipal Securities

79,745

Bond pricing

Equivalent rating

BBB-AA+

N/A

Increase

U.S. Government agencies

4,283

Bond pricing

Equivalent rating

AAA

Increase

Loans held-for-investment

28,548

Discounted cash flows

Discount rate

3%-4%

3.76%

Decrease

Credit spread

0%-8%

2.98%

Decrease

Constant prepayment rate (CPR)

9.20%

Decrease

MSRs

21,596

Discounted cash flows

Discount rate

3%-8%

6.15%

Decrease

Constant prepayment rate (CPR)

5%-83%

9.21%

Decrease

Cost of servicing

65.00

Decrease

Cost of servicing - delinquent

240.00

Decrease

Derivatives

3,582

Discounted cash flows

Pull-through rate

40%-100%

88.5%

Increase

Measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:

Impaired loans—collateral based

63,095

Appraisal value

Appraisal adjustment - cost of sale

10%

10.00%

Decrease

Other real estate owned, including covered other real estate owned

43,375

Appraisal value

Appraisal adjustment - cost of sale

10%

10.00%

Decrease

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The Company is required under applicable accounting guidance to report the fair value of all financial instruments on the consolidated statements of condition, including those financial instruments carried at cost. The table below presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of the dates shown:



	At March 31, 2017				At December 31, 2016				At March 31, 2016
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Value		Value		Value		Value		Value		Value
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	217,148	$	217,148	$	270,045	$	270,045	$	212,300	$	212,300
Interest bearing deposits with banks	1,007,468		1,007,468		980,457		980,457		817,013		817,013
Available-for-sale securities	1,803,733		1,803,733		1,724,667		1,724,667		770,983		770,983
Held-to-maturity securities	667,764		647,895		635,705		607,602		911,715		924,344
Trading account securities	714		714		1,989		1,989		2,116		2,116
FHLB and FRB stock, at cost	78,904		78,904		133,494		133,494		113,222		113,222
Brokerage customer receivables	23,171		23,171		25,181		25,181		28,266		28,266
Mortgage loans held-for-sale, at fair value	288,964		288,964		418,374		418,374		314,554		314,554
Loans held-for-investment, at fair value	28,548		28,548		22,137		22,137		10,706		10,706
Loans held-for-investment, at amortized cost	19,954,869		21,048,751		19,739,180		20,755,320		17,574,555		17,540,900
MSRs	21,596		21,596		19,103		19,103		10,128		10,128
Nonqualified deferred compensation assets	10,347		10,347		9,228		9,228		8,926		8,926
Derivative assets	54,273		54,273		56,394		56,394		86,337		86,337
Accrued interest receivable and other	209,623		209,623		204,513		204,513		202,018		202,018
Total financial assets	$	24,367,122	$	25,441,135	$	24,240,467	$	25,228,504	$	21,062,839	$	21,041,813
Financial Liabilities
Non-maturity deposits	$	17,509,429	$	17,509,429	$	17,383,729	$	17,383,729	$	15,260,229	$	15,260,229
Deposits with stated maturities	4,221,012		4,210,294		4,274,903		4,263,576		3,956,842		3,956,157
FHLB advances	227,585		229,338		153,831		157,051		799,482		807,265
Other borrowings	238,787		238,787		262,486		262,486		253,126		253,126
Subordinated notes	138,993		141,180		138,971		135,268		138,888		139,849
Junior subordinated debentures	253,566		254,417		253,566		254,384		253,566		254,290
Derivative liabilities	41,531		41,531		39,839		39,839		81,712		81,712
FDIC indemnification liability	18,264		18,264		16,701		16,701		10,029		10,029
Accrued interest payable	7,944		7,944		6,421		6,421		9,208		9,208
Total financial liabilities	$	22,657,111	$	22,651,184	$	22,530,447	$	22,519,455	$	20,763,082	$	20,771,865

Not all the financial instruments listed in the table above are subject to the disclosure provisions of ASC Topic 820, as certain assets and liabilities result in their carrying value approximating fair value. These include cash and cash equivalents, interest bearing deposits with banks, brokerage customer receivables, FHLB and FRB stock, FDIC indemnification asset and liability, accrued interest receivable and accrued interest payable and non-maturity deposits.

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair values of financial instruments that were not previously disclosed.

Held-to-maturity securities. Held-to-maturity securities include U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities and municipal bonds issued by various municipal government entities primarily located in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin. Fair values for held-to-maturity securities are typically based on prices obtained from independent pricing vendors. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized held-to-maturity securities as a Level 2 fair value measurement.

Loans held-for-investment, at amortized cost. Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are analyzed by type such as commercial, residential real estate, etc. Each category is further segmented by interest rate type (fixed and variable) and term. For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently, estimated fair values are based on carrying values. The fair value of residential loans is based on secondary market sources for securities backed by similar loans, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics. The fair value for other fixed rate loans is estimated by discounting scheduled cash flows

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through the estimated maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect credit and interest rate risks inherent in the loan. The primary impact of credit risk on the present value of the loan portfolio, however, was assessed through the use of the allowance for loan losses, which is believed to represent the current fair value of probable incurred losses for purposes of the fair value calculation. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized loans as a Level 3 fair value measurement.

Deposits with stated maturities. The fair value of certificates of deposit is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently in effect for deposits of similar remaining maturities. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized deposits with stated maturities as a Level 3 fair value measurement.

FHLB advances. The fair value of FHLB advances is obtained from the FHLB which uses a discounted cash flow analysis based on current market rates of similar maturity debt securities to discount cash flows. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized FHLB advances as a Level 3 fair value measurement.

Subordinated notes. The fair value of the subordinated notes is based on a market price obtained from an independent pricing vendor. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized subordinated notes as a Level 2 fair value measurement.

Junior subordinated debentures. The fair value of the junior subordinated debentures is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized junior subordinated debentures as a Level 3 fair value measurement.

(15) Stock-Based Compensation Plans

In May 2015, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (“the 2015 Plan”) which provides for the issuance of up to 5,485,000 shares of common stock. The 2015 Plan replaced the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (“the 2007 Plan”) which replaced the 1997 Stock Incentive Plan (“the 1997 Plan”). The 2015 Plan, the 2007 Plan and the 1997 Plan are collectively referred to as “the Plans.” The 2015 Plan has substantially similar terms to the 2007 Plan and the 1997 Plan. Outstanding awards under the Plans for which common shares are not issued by reason of cancellation, forfeiture, lapse of such award or settlement of such award in cash, are again available under the 2015 Plan. All grants made after the approval of the 2015 Plan are made pursuant to the 2015 Plan. As of March 31, 2017, approximately 4.0 million shares were available for future grants assuming the maximum number of shares are issued for the performance awards outstanding. The Plans cover substantially all employees of Wintrust. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors administers all stock-based compensation programs and authorizes all awards granted pursuant to the Plans.

The Plans permit the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, restricted share or unit awards, performance awards and other incentive awards valued in whole or in part by reference to the Company’s common stock, all on a stand alone, combination or tandem basis. The Company historically awarded stock-based compensation in the form of time-vested non-qualified stock options and time-vested restricted share unit awards (“restricted shares”). The grants of options provide for the purchase of shares of the Company’s common stock at the fair market value of the stock on the date the options are granted. Stock options under the 2015 Plan and the 2007 Plan generally vest ratably over periods of three to five years and have a maximum term of seven years from the date of grant. Stock options granted under the 1997 Plan provided for a maximum term of 10 years. Restricted shares entitle the holders to receive, at no cost, shares of the Company’s common stock. Restricted shares generally vest over periods of one to five years from the date of grant.

Beginning in 2011, the Company has awarded annual grants under the Long-Term Incentive Program (“LTIP”), which is administered under the Plans. The LTIP is designed in part to align the interests of management with the interests of shareholders, foster retention, create a long-term focus based on sustainable results and provide participants with a target long-term incentive opportunity. It is anticipated that LTIP awards will continue to be granted annually. LTIP grants to date have consisted of a combination of time-vested non-qualified stock options, performance-based stock awards and performance-based cash awards. Performance-based stock and cash awards granted under the LTIP are contingent upon the achievement of pre-established long-term performance goals set in advance by the Compensation Committee over a three-year period starting at the beginning of each calendar year. These performance awards are granted at a target level, and based on the Company’s achievement of the pre-established long-term goals, the actual payouts can range from 0% to a maximum of 150% (for awards granted after 2014) or 200% (for awards granted prior to 2015) of the target award. The awards vest in the quarter after the end of the performance period upon certification of the payout by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Holders of performance-based stock awards are entitled to receive, at no cost, the shares earned based on the achievement of the pre-established long-term goals.

Holders of restricted share awards and performance-based stock awards received under the Plans are not entitled to vote or receive cash dividends (or cash payments equal to the cash dividends) on the underlying common shares until the awards are vested and issued. Shares that are vested but not issuable pursuant to deferred compensation arrangements accrue additional shares based on

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the value of dividends otherwise paid. Except in limited circumstances, these awards are canceled upon termination of employment without any payment of consideration by the Company.

Stock-based compensation is measured as the fair value of an award on the date of grant, and the measured cost is recognized over the period which the recipient is required to provide service in exchange for the award. The fair values of restricted share and performance-based stock awards are determined based on the average of the high and low trading prices on the grant date, and the fair value of stock options is estimated using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model that utilizes the assumptions outlined in the following table. Option-pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions and are sensitive to changes in the option's expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock, which can materially affect the fair value estimate. Options granted since the inception of the LTIP in 2011 were primarily granted as LTIP awards. Expected life of options granted since the inception of the LTIP awards has been based on the safe harbor rule of the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 “Share-Based Payment” as the Company believes historical exercise data may not provide a reasonable basis to estimate the expected term of these options. Expected stock price volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company's common stock, which correlates with the expected life of the options, and the risk-free interest rate is based on comparable U.S. Treasury rates. Management reviews and adjusts the assumptions used to calculate the fair value of an option on a periodic basis to better reflect expected trends.

The following table presents the weighted average assumptions used to determine the fair value of options granted in the three month period ending March 31, 2016. No options were granted in the first quarter of 2017.



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2016
Expected dividend yield	0.9	%
Expected volatility	25.2	%
Risk-free rate	1.3	%
Expected option life (in years)	4.5

Stock based compensation is recognized based upon the number of awards that are ultimately expected to vest, taking into account expected forfeitures. In addition, for performance-based awards, an estimate is made of the number of shares expected to vest as a result of actual performance against the performance criteria in the award to determine the amount of compensation expense to recognize. The estimate is reevaluated periodically and total compensation expense is adjusted for any change in estimate in the current period. Stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income was $2.9 million in the first quarter of 2017 and $2.5 million in the first quarter of 2016.

A summary of the Company's stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 is presented below:



Stock Options	Common Shares		Weighted Average Strike Price		Remaining Contractual Term⁽¹⁾	Intrinsic Value ⁽²⁾ ($000)
Outstanding at January 1, 2017	1,698,912		$	41.50
Granted	—		—
Exercised	(319,802	)	39.97
Forfeited or canceled	(6,496	)	42.65
Outstanding at March 31, 2017	1,372,614		$	41.85	4.6	$	37,436
Exercisable at March 31, 2017	819,955		$	41.60	4.0	$	22,568


(1)	Represents the remaining weighted average contractual life in years.

(2)

Aggregate intrinsic value represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (i.e., the difference between the Company's stock price on the last trading day of the quarter and the option exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares) that would have been received by the option holders if they had exercised their options on the last day of the quarter. Options with exercise prices above the stock price on the last trading day of the quarter are excluded from the calculation of intrinsic value. The intrinsic value will change based on the fair market value of the Company's stock.

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Stock Options	Common Shares		Weighted Average Strike Price		Remaining Contractual Term ⁽¹⁾	Intrinsic Value ⁽²⁾ ($000)
Outstanding at January 1, 2016	1,551,734		$	41.32
Granted	554,107		40.87
Exercised	(19,110	)	32.86
Forfeited or canceled	(57,004	)	51.08
Outstanding at March 31, 2016	2,029,727		$	41.00	5.0	$	7,951
Exercisable at March 31, 2016	983,659		$	39.13	3.8	$	5,885


(1)	Represents the remaining weighted average contractual life in years.

(2)

The weighted average grant date fair value per share of options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $8.60. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, was $10.2 million and $196,000, respectively. Cash received from option exercises under the Plan for the first quarter of 2017 and 2016 were $12.8 million and $628,000, respectively.

A summary of the Plans' restricted share activity for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 is presented below:



	Three months ended March 31, 2017				Three months ended March 31, 2016
Restricted Shares	Common Shares		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value		Common Shares		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1	133,425		$	49.94	137,593		$	49.63
Granted	8,425		72.52		10,516		40.77
Vested and issued	(5,063	)	42.71		(3,726	)	43.87
Outstanding at March 31	136,787		$	51.60	144,383		$	49.14
Vested, but not issuable at March 31	89,215		$	51.51	88,493		$	51.43

A summary of the Plans' performance-based stock award activity, based on the target level of the awards, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 is presented below:



	Three months ended March 31, 2017				Three months ended March 31, 2016
Performance-based Stock	Common Shares		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value		Common Shares		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1	298,180		$	43.64	276,533		$	43.01
Granted	141,399		72.55		116,576		40.87
Vested and issued	(68,712	)	46.85		(78,410	)	37.90
Forfeited	(7,731	)	50.11		(7,417	)	39.32
Outstanding at March 31	363,136		$	54.15	307,282		$	43.59
Vested, but deferred at March 31	13,564		$	42.55	6,612		$	37.85

The Company issues new shares to satisfy its obligation to issue shares granted pursuant to the Plans.

(16) Shareholders’ Equity and Earnings Per Share

Common Stock Offering

In June 2016, the Company issued through a public offering a total of 3,000,000 shares of its common stock. Net proceeds to the Company totaled approximately $152.9 million.

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Series D Preferred Stock

In June 2015, the Company issued and sold 5,000,000 shares of fixed-to-floating non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, Series D, liquidation preference $25 per share (the “Series D Preferred Stock”) for $125.0 million in a public offering. When, as and if declared, dividends on the Series D Preferred Stock are payable quarterly in arrears at a fixed rate of 6.50% per annum from the original issuance date to, but excluding, July 15, 2025, and from (and including) that date at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus a spread of 4.06% per annum.

Series C Preferred Stock

In March 2012, the Company issued and sold 126,500 shares of non-cumulative perpetual convertible preferred stock, Series C, liquidation preference $1,000 per share (the “Series C Preferred Stock”) for $126.5 million in a public offering. When, as and if declared, dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock are payable quarterly in arrears at a rate of 5.00% per annum. At March 31, 2017, the Series C Preferred Stock was convertible into common stock at the option of the holder at a conversion rate of 24.5569 shares of common stock per share of Series C Preferred Stock subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. In the first three months of 2017, pursuant to such terms, no shares of the Series C Preferred Stock were converted at the option of the respective holders into shares of the Company's common stock. In 2016, pursuant to such terms, 30 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock were converted at the option of the respective holders into 729 shares of the Company's common stock. On and after April 15, 2017, the Company had the right under certain circumstances to cause the Series C Preferred Stock to be converted into common stock if the closing price of the Company’s common stock exceeds a certain amount. The Company caused a mandatory conversion of Series C Preferred Stock into common stock on April 27, 2017. See Note 17 - Subsequent Events for further discussion of the mandatory conversion of Series C Preferred Stock.

Common Stock Warrant

Pursuant to the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s (the “U.S. Treasury”) Capital Purchase Program, on December 19, 2008, the Company issued to the U.S. Treasury a warrant to exercise 1,643,295 warrant shares of Wintrust common stock with a term of 10 years. The exercise price, subject to customary anti-dilution, was $22.70 at March 31, 2017. In February 2011, the U.S. Treasury sold all of its interest in the warrant issued to it in a secondary underwritten public offering. During the first three months of 2017 280,200 warrant shares were exercised, which resulted in 191,963 shares of common stock issued. At March 31, 2017, all remaining holders of the interest in the warrant were able to exercise 61,652 warrant shares.

Other

At the January 2017 Board of Directors meeting, a quarterly cash dividend of $0.14 per share ($0.56 on an annualized basis) was declared. It was paid on February 23, 2017 to shareholders of record as of February 9, 2017.

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables summarize the components of other comprehensive income (loss), including the related income tax effects, and the related amount reclassified to net income for the periods presented (in thousands).



	Accumulated Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Securities			Accumulated Unrealized Losses on Derivative Instruments			Accumulated Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments			Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	(29,309	)	$	4,165		$	(40,184	)	$	(65,328	)
Other comprehensive income during the period, net of tax, before reclassifications	4,479			765			877			6,121
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into net income, net of tax	34			216			—			250
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax	(867		)	—			—			(867		)
Net other comprehensive income during the period, net of tax	$	3,646		$	981		$	877		$	5,504
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	(25,663	)	$	5,146		$	(39,307	)	$	(59,824	)

Balance at January 1, 2016	$	(17,674	)	$	(2,193	)	$	(42,841	)	$	(62,708	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) during the period, net of tax, before reclassifications	15,188			(149		)	6,038			21,077
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income into net income, net of tax	(804		)	439			—			(365		)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax	2,086			—			—			2,086
Net other comprehensive income during the period, net of tax	$	16,470		$	290		$	6,038		$	22,798
Balance at March 31, 2016	$	(1,204	)	$	(1,903	)	$	(36,803	)	$	(39,910	)



	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income for the
Details Regarding the Component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	Three Months Ended						Impacted Line on the Consolidated Statements of Income
	March 31,
	2017			2016
Accumulated unrealized losses on securities
(Losses) gains included in net income	$	(55	)	$	1,325		(Losses) gains on investment securities, net
	(55		)	1,325			Income before taxes
Tax effect	$	21		$	(521	)	Income tax expense
Net of tax	$	(34	)	$	804		Net income

Accumulated unrealized losses on derivative instruments
Amount reclassified to interest expense on deposits	$	42		$	255		Interest on deposits
Amount reclassified to interest expense on junior subordinated debentures	314			468			Interest on junior subordinated debentures
	(356		)	(723		)	Income before taxes
Tax effect	$	140		$	284		Income tax expense
Net of tax	$	(216	)	$	(439	)	Net income

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Earnings per Share

The following table shows the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods indicated:



		Three Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data)		March 31, 2017		March 31, 2016
Net income		$	58,378	$	49,111
Less: Preferred stock dividends		3,628		3,628
Net income applicable to common shares—Basic	(A)	54,750		45,483
Add: Dividends on convertible preferred stock, if dilutive		1,578		1,578
Net income applicable to common shares—Diluted	(B)	56,328		47,061
Weighted average common shares outstanding	(C)	52,267		48,448
Effect of dilutive potential common shares
Common stock equivalents		1,060		750
Convertible preferred stock, if dilutive		3,100		3,070
Total dilutive potential common shares		4,160		3,820
Weighted average common shares and effect of dilutive potential common shares	(D)	56,427		52,268
Net income per common share:
Basic	(A/C)	$	1.05	$	0.94
Diluted	(B/D)	$	1.00	$	0.90

Potentially dilutive common shares can result from stock options, restricted stock unit awards, stock warrants, the Company’s convertible preferred stock and shares to be issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan and the Directors Deferred Fee and Stock Plan, being treated as if they had been either exercised or issued, computed by application of the treasury stock method. While potentially dilutive common shares are typically included in the computation of diluted earnings per share, potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from this computation in periods in which the effect would reduce the loss per share or increase the income per share. For diluted earnings per share, net income applicable to common shares can be affected by the conversion of the Company’s convertible preferred stock. Where the effect of this conversion would reduce the loss per share or increase the income per share for a period, net income applicable to common shares is not adjusted by the associated preferred dividends. The Company caused a mandatory conversion of Series C Preferred Stock into common stock on April 27, 2017. See Note 17 - Subsequent Events for further discussion of the mandatory conversion of Series C Preferred Stock.

(17) Subsequent Events

Subsequent to the end of the first quarter of 2017, but prior to April 27, 2017, 2,073 shares of the Series C Preferred stock were converted at the option of the respective holder into 51,244 shares of the Company's common stock, pursuant to such terms. Then, on April 27, 2017, the Company caused a mandatory conversion of its remaining 124,184 shares of Series C Preferred Stock into 3,069,828 shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion rate of 24.72 shares of common stock per share of Series C Preferred Stock. Accordingly, subsequent to the end of the first quarter of 2017, holders of the 126,257 shares of Series C Preferred Stock outstanding at March 31, 2017 received 3,121,072 shares of common stock. Cash was paid in lieu of fractional shares for an amount considered insignificant.

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ITEM 2

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL

CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of financial condition as of March 31, 2017 compared with December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, and the results of operations for the three month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes contained in this report and the risk factors discussed herein and under Item 1A of the Company’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties and, as such, future results could differ significantly from management’s current expectations. See the last section of this discussion for further information on forward-looking statements.

Introduction

Wintrust is a financial holding company that provides traditional community banking services, primarily in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin, and operates other financing businesses on a national basis and in Canada through several non-bank subsidiaries. Additionally, Wintrust offers a full array of wealth management services primarily to customers in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin.

Overview

First Quarter Highlights

The Company recorded net income of $58.4 million for the first quarter of 2017 compared to $49.1 million in the first quarter of 2016. The results for the first quarter of 2017 demonstrate continued momentum on our operating strengths including steady loan growth, higher wealth management revenue, increased operating lease income and improving credit quality metrics. Combined with the continued loan growth, the improvement in net interest margin during the first quarter of 2017 resulted in higher net interest income in the current period. Additionally, the Company recognized $3.4 million of excess tax benefits during the first quarter of 2017 as result of the adoption of new accounting rules related to income taxes attributed to share-based compensation that became effective on January 1, 2017.

The Company increased its loan portfolio, excluding covered loans and mortgage loans held-for-sale, from $17.4 billion at March 31, 2016 and $19.7 billion at December 31, 2016 to $19.9 billion at March 31, 2017. The increase in the current quarter compared to the prior quarters was primarily a result of the Company’s growth in the commercial, commercial real estate and life insurance premium finance receivables portfolios. The Company is focused on making new loans, including in the commercial and commercial real estate sector, where opportunities that meet our underwriting standards exist. For more information regarding changes in the Company’s loan portfolio, see “Financial Condition – Interest Earning Assets” and Note 6 “Loans” of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this report.

The Company recorded net interest income of $192.6 million in the first quarter of 2017 compared to $171.5 million in the first quarter of 2016. The higher level of net interest income recorded in the first quarter of 2017 compared to the first quarter of 2016 resulted primarily from a $2.4 billion increase in average loans, excluding covered loans, and a substantial improvement in the net interest margin. This was partially offset by an increase in interest-bearing liabilities and one less day in the period (see "Net Interest Income" for further detail).

Non-interest income totaled $68.8 million in the first quarter of 2017 and 2016. Increases from higher wealth management revenue, increased operating lease income and gains on early pay-offs of leases were offset by lower interest rate swap fees and a gain on extinguishment of debt recognized in the first quarter of 2016 (see “Non-Interest Income” for further detail).

Non-interest expense totaled $168.1 million in the first quarter of 2017, increasing $14.4 million, or 9%, compared to the first quarter of 2016. The increase compared to the first quarter of 2016 was primarily attributable to higher salary and employee benefit costs caused by the addition of employees from various acquisitions, and higher staffing levels as the Company grows, increased operating lease equipment depreciation and an increase in data processing, marketing, occupancy and other expenses (see “Non-Interest Expense” for further detail).

Management considers the maintenance of adequate liquidity to be important to the management of risk. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company continued its practice of maintaining appropriate funding capacity to provide the Company with adequate liquidity for its ongoing operations. In this regard, the Company benefited from its strong deposit base, a liquid short-term investment portfolio and its access to funding from a variety of external funding sources. At March 31, 2017, the Company had approximately $1.2 billion in overnight liquid funds and interest-bearing deposits with banks.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Earnings Summary

The Company’s key operating measures for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as compared to the same period last year, are shown below:



	Three months ended
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016			Percentage (%) or Basis Point (bp) Change
Net income	$	58,378		$	49,111		19	%
Net income per common share—Diluted	1.00			0.90			11
Net revenue ⁽¹⁾	261,345			240,261			9
Net interest income	192,580			171,509			12
Net interest margin	3.36		%	3.29		%	7 bp
Net interest margin - fully taxable equivalent (non-GAAP) ⁽²⁾	3.39		%	3.32		%	7
Net overhead ratio ⁽³⁾	1.60			1.49			11
Return on average assets	0.94			0.86			8
Return on average common equity	8.93			8.55			38
Return on average tangible common equity ⁽²⁾	11.44			11.33			11
At end of period
Total assets	$	25,778,893		$	23,488,168		10	%
Total loans, excluding loans held-for-sale, excluding covered loans	19,931,058			17,446,413			14
Total loans, including loans held-for-sale, excluding covered loans	20,220,022			17,760,967			14
Total deposits	21,730,441			19,217,071			13
Total shareholders’ equity	2,764,983			2,418,442			14
Book value per common share ⁽²⁾	47.88			44.67			7
Tangible common book value per share ⁽²⁾	37.97			34.20			11
Market price per common share	69.12			44.34			56
Excluding covered loans:
Allowance for credit losses to total loans ⁽⁴⁾	0.64		%	0.64		%	—
Non-performing loans to total loans	0.40		%	0.51		%	(11) bp


(1)	Net revenue is net interest income plus non-interest income.


(2)	See following section titled, “Supplementary Financial Measures/Ratios” for additional information on this performance measure/ratio.


(3)	The net overhead ratio is calculated by netting total non-interest expense and total non-interest income, annualizing this amount, and dividing by that period’s total average assets. A lower ratio indicates a higher degree of efficiency.


(4)	The allowance for credit losses includes both the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for lending-related commitments.

Certain returns, yields, performance ratios, and quarterly growth rates are “annualized” in this presentation and throughout this report to represent an annual time period. This is done for analytical purposes to better discern for decision-making purposes underlying performance trends when compared to full-year or year-over-year amounts. For example, balance sheet growth rates are most often expressed in terms of an annual rate. As such, 5% growth during a quarter would represent an annualized growth rate of 20%.

SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL MEASURES/RATIOS

The accounting and reporting policies of Wintrust conform to generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States and prevailing practices in the banking industry. However, certain non-GAAP performance measures and ratios are used by management to evaluate and measure the Company’s performance. These include taxable-equivalent net interest income (including its individual components), taxable-equivalent net interest margin (including its individual components), the taxable-equivalent efficiency ratio, tangible common equity ratio, tangible common book value per share and return on average tangible common equity. Management believes that these measures and ratios provide users of the Company’s financial information a more meaningful view of the performance of the Company's interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and of the Company’s operating efficiency. Other financial holding companies may define or calculate these measures and ratios differently.

Management reviews yields on certain asset categories and the net interest margin of the Company and its banking subsidiaries on a fully taxable-equivalent (“FTE”) basis. In this non-GAAP presentation, net interest income is adjusted to reflect tax-exempt interest income on an equivalent before-tax basis. This measure ensures comparability of net interest income arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources. Net interest income on a FTE basis is also used in the calculation of the Company’s efficiency ratio. The efficiency ratio, which is calculated by dividing non-interest expense by total taxable-equivalent net revenue (less securities gains or losses), measures how much it costs to produce one dollar of revenue. Securities gains or losses are excluded

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from this calculation to better match revenue from daily operations to operational expenses. Management considers the tangible common equity ratio and tangible book value per common share as useful measurements of the Company’s equity. The Company references the return on average tangible common equity as a measurement of profitability.

A reconciliation of certain non-GAAP performance measures and ratios used by the Company to evaluate and measure the Company’s performance to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures is shown below:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,
(Dollars and shares in thousands)	2017			2016
Calculation of Net Interest Margin and Efficiency Ratio
(A) Interest Income (GAAP)	$	215,759		$	192,231
Taxable-equivalent adjustment:
- Loans	790			509
- Liquidity Management Assets	907			920
- Other Earning Assets	5			6
(B) Interest Income - FTE	$	217,461		$	193,666
(C) Interest Expense (GAAP)	23,179			20,722
(D) Net Interest Income - FTE (B minus C)	$	194,282		$	172,944
(E) Net Interest Income (GAAP) (A minus C)	$	192,580		$	171,509
Net interest margin (GAAP-derived)	3.36		%	3.29		%
Net interest margin - FTE	3.39		%	3.32		%
(F) Non-interest income	$	68,765		$	68,752
(G) (Losses) gains on investment securities, net	(55		)	1,325
(H) Non-interest expense	168,118			153,730
Efficiency ratio (H/(E+F-G))	64.31		%	64.34		%
Efficiency ratio - FTE (H/(D+F-G))	63.90		%	63.96		%
Calculation of Tangible Common Equity ratio (at period end)
Total shareholders’ equity	$	2,764,983		$	2,418,442
(I) Less: Convertible preferred stock	(126,257		)	(126,257		)
Less: Non-convertible preferred stock	(125,000		)	(125,000		)
Less: Intangible assets	(520,028		)	(508,005		)
(J) Total tangible common shareholders’ equity	$	1,993,698		$	1,659,180
Total assets	$	25,778,893		$	23,488,168
Less: Intangible assets	(520,028		)	(508,005		)
(K) Total tangible assets	$	25,258,865		$	22,980,163
Tangible common equity ratio (J/K)	7.9		%	7.2		%
Tangible common equity ratio, assuming full conversion of convertible preferred stock ((J-I)/K)	8.4		%	7.8		%
Calculation of book value per share
Total shareholders’ equity	$	2,764,983		$	2,418,442
Less: Preferred stock	(251,257		)	(251,257		)
(L) Total common equity	$	2,513,726		$	2,167,185
(M) Actual common shares outstanding	52,504			48,519
Book value per common share (L/M)	$	47.88		$	44.67
Tangible common book value per share (J/M)	$	37.97		$	34.20



Calculation of return on average common equity
(N) Net income applicable to common shares	54,750		45,483
Add: After-tax intangible asset amortization	771		812
(O) Tangible net income applicable to common shares	55,521		46,295
Total average shareholders' equity	2,739,050		2,389,770
Less: Average preferred stock	(251,257	)	(251,262	)
(P) Total average common shareholders' equity	2,487,793		2,138,508
Less: Average intangible assets	(520,346	)	(495,594	)
(Q) Total average tangible common shareholders’ equity	1,967,447		1,642,914
Return on average common equity, annualized (N/P)	8.93	%	8.55	%
Return on average tangible common equity, annualized (O/Q)	11.44	%	11.33	%

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Critical Accounting Policies

The Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP in the United States and prevailing practices of the banking industry. Application of these principles requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Certain policies and accounting principles inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments, and as such have a greater possibility that changes in those estimates and assumptions could produce financial results that are materially different than originally reported. Estimates, assumptions and judgments are necessary when assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value, when a decline in the value of an asset not carried on the financial statements at fair value warrants an impairment write-down or valuation reserve to be established, or when an asset or liability needs to be recorded contingent upon a future event, are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as information changes, the financial statements could reflect different estimates and assumptions. Management views critical accounting policies to be those which are highly dependent on subjective or complex judgments, estimates and assumptions, and where changes in those estimates and assumptions could have a significant impact on the financial statements. Management currently views critical accounting policies to include the determination of the allowance for loan losses, allowance for covered loan losses and the allowance for losses on lending-related commitments, loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, estimations of fair value, the valuations required for impairment testing of goodwill, the valuation and accounting for derivative instruments and income taxes as the accounting areas that require the most subjective and complex judgments, and as such could be most subject to revision as new information becomes available. For a more detailed discussion on these critical accounting policies, see “Summary of Critical Accounting Policies” beginning on page 55 of the Company’s 2016 Form 10-K.

Net Income

Net income for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 totaled $58.4 million, an increase of $9.3 million, or 19%, compared to the first quarter of 2016. On a per share basis, net income for the first quarter of 2017 totaled $1.00 per diluted common share compared to $0.90 in the first quarter of 2016.

The most significant factors impacting net income for the first quarter of 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year include an increase in net interest income as a result of growth in earning assets and an improvement in net interest margin, increased operating lease income, lower provision for credit losses and an increase in wealth management revenue. These improvements were offset by a decrease in interest rate swap fees and increase in non-interest expense primarily attributable to higher salary and employee benefit costs caused by the addition of employees from various acquisitions, and higher staffing levels as the Company grows, increased operating lease equipment depreciation and an increase in data processing, marketing, occupancy and other expenses.

Net Interest Income

The primary source of the Company’s revenue is net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income and fees on earnings assets, such as loans and securities, and interest expense on the liabilities to fund those assets, including interest bearing deposits and other borrowings. The amount of net interest income is affected by both changes in the level of interest rates, and the amount and composition of earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.

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Quarter Ended March 31, 2017 compared to the Quarters Ended December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016

The following table presents a summary of the Company’s net interest income and related net interest margin, including a calculation on a fully taxable equivalent basis, for the first quarter of 2017 as compared to the fourth quarter of 2016 (sequential quarters) and first quarter of 2016 (linked quarters):



	Average Balance for three months ended,									Interest for three months ended,									Yield/Rate for three months ended,
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2016			March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2016			March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016
Liquidity management assets^(1)(2)(7)	$	3,270,467		$	3,860,616		$	3,300,138		$	17,174		$	16,455		$	19,794		2.13	%	1.70	%	2.41	%
Other earning assets^(2)(3)(7)	25,236			27,608			28,731			183			235			236			2.95		3.37		3.31
Loans, net of unearned income^(2)(4)(7)	19,923,606			19,711,504			17,508,593			199,186			198,861			171,625			4.05		4.01		3.94
Covered loans	56,872			59,827			141,351			918			960			2,011			6.55		6.38		5.72
Total earning assets⁽⁷⁾	$	23,276,181		$	23,659,555		$	20,978,813		$	217,461		$	216,511		$	193,666		3.79	%	3.64	%	3.71	%
Allowance for loan and covered loan losses	(127,425		)	(122,665		)	(112,028		)
Cash and due from banks	229,588			221,892			259,343
Other assets	1,829,004			1,852,278			1,776,785
Total assets	$	25,207,348		$	25,611,060		$	22,902,913

Interest-bearing deposits	$	15,466,670		$	15,567,263		$	13,717,333		$	16,270		$	16,413		$	12,781		0.43	%	0.42	%	0.37	%
FHLB advances	181,338			388,780			825,104			1,590			2,439			2,886			3.55		2.50		1.41
Other borrowings	255,012			240,174			257,384			1,139			1,074			1,058			1.81		1.78		1.65
Subordinated notes	138,980			138,953			138,870			1,772			1,779			1,777			5.10		5.12		5.12
Junior subordinated notes	253,566			253,566			257,687			2,408			2,530			2,220			3.80		3.90		3.41
Total interest-bearing liabilities	$	16,295,566		$	16,588,736		$	15,196,378		$	23,179		$	24,235		$	20,722		0.58	%	0.58	%	0.55	%
Non-interest bearing deposits	5,787,034			5,902,439			4,939,746
Other liabilities	385,698			430,009			377,019
Equity	2,739,050			2,689,876			2,389,770
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	25,207,348		$	25,611,060		$	22,902,913
Interest rate spread⁽⁵⁾⁽⁷⁾																			3.21	%	3.06	%	3.16	%
Less: Fully tax-equivalent adjustment										(1,702		)	(1,498		)	(1,435		)	(0.03	)	(0.02	)	(0.03	)
Net free funds/contribution⁽⁶⁾	$	6,980,615		$	7,070,819		$	5,782,435											0.18		0.17		0.16
Net interest income/ margin⁽⁷⁾ (GAAP)										$	192,580		$	190,778		$	171,509		3.36	%	3.21	%	3.29	%
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment										1,702			$	1,498		$	1,435		0.03		0.02		0.03
Net interest income/ margin - FTE ⁽⁷⁾										$	194,282		$	192,276		$	172,944		3.39	%	3.23	%	3.32	%


(1)	Liquidity management assets include available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities, interest earning deposits with banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements.


(2)	Interest income on tax-advantaged loans, trading securities and securities reflects a tax-equivalent adjustment based on a marginal federal corporate tax rate of 35%. The total adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016 were $1.7 million, $1.5 million and $1.4 million respectively.


(3)	Other earning assets include brokerage customer receivables and trading account securities.


(4)	Loans, net of unearned income, include loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans.


(5)	Interest rate spread is the difference between the yield earned on earning assets and the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities.


(6)	Net free funds are the difference between total average earning assets and total average interest-bearing liabilities. The estimated contribution to net interest margin from net free funds is calculated using the rate paid for total interest-bearing liabilities.


(7)	See “Supplemental Financial Measures/Ratios” for additional information on this performance ratio.

For the first quarter of 2017, net interest income totaled $192.6 million, an increase of $1.8 million as compared to the fourth quarter of 2016 and an increase of $21.1 million as compared to the first quarter of 2016. Net interest margin was 3.36% (3.39% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the first quarter of 2017 compared to 3.21% (3.23% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the fourth quarter of 2016 and 3.29% (3.32% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the first quarter of 2016. The increase in net interest margin compared to the fourth quarter of 2016 is primarily the result of the recent rate increase in December 2016 and an improvement in mix of earning assets in the first quarter of 2017.

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Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income (GAAP)

The following table presents an analysis of the changes in the Company’s net interest income comparing the three month periods ended March 31, 2017 to December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016. The reconciliations set forth the changes in the GAAP-derived net interest income as a result of changes in volumes, changes in rates and differing number of days in each period:



	First Quarter of 2017 Compared to Fourth Quarter of 2016			First Quarter of 2017 Compared to First Quarter of 2016
(Dollars in thousands)	First Quarter of 2017 Compared to Fourth Quarter of 2016			First Quarter of 2017 Compared to First Quarter of 2016
Net interest income (GAAP) for comparative period	$	190,778		$	171,509
Change due to mix and growth of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities (volume)	(2,990		)	19,341
Change due to interest rate fluctuations (rate)	9,031			3,636
Change due to number of days in each period	(4,239		)	(1,906		)
Net interest income (GAAP) for the period ended March 31, 2017	$	192,580		$	192,580
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment	1,702			1,702
Net interest income - FTE	$	194,282		$	194,282

Non-interest Income

The following table presents non-interest income by category for the periods presented:



	Three Months Ended						$ Change			% Change
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016			$ Change			% Change
Brokerage	$	6,220		$	6,057		$	163		3	%
Trust and asset management	13,928			12,263			1,665			14
Total wealth management	20,148			18,320			1,828			10
Mortgage banking	21,938			21,735			203			1
Service charges on deposit accounts	8,265			7,406			859			12
Gains (losses) on investment securities, net	(55		)	1,325			(1,380		)	NM
Fees from covered call options	759			1,712			(953		)	(56	)
Trading losses, net	(320		)	(168		)	(152		)	90
Operating lease income, net	5,782			2,806			2,976			NM
Other:
Interest rate swap fees	1,433			4,438			(3,005		)	(68	)
BOLI	985			472			513			NM
Administrative services	1,024			1,069			(45		)	(4	)
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—			4,305			(4,305		)	NM
Early pay-offs of leases	1,211			—			1,211			NM
Miscellaneous	7,595			5,332			2,263			42
Total Other	12,248			15,616			(3,368		)	(22	)
Total Non-Interest Income	$	68,765		$	68,752		$	13		—	%

NM - Not Meaningful

Notable contributions to the change in non-interest income are as follows:

The increase in wealth management revenue during the current periods as compared to the same periods of 2016 is primarily attributable to growth in assets under management due to new customers. Wealth management revenue is comprised of the trust and asset management revenue of The Chicago Trust Company and Great Lakes Advisors and the brokerage commissions, managed money fees and insurance product commissions at Wayne Hummer Investments Investments, LLC ("WHI").

Mortgage banking revenue in the current period remained relatively flat compared to the prior year period. Mortgage loans originated or purchased for sale totaled $722.5 million in the current quarter as compared to $736.6 million in the first quarter of 2016. Mortgage banking revenue includes revenue from activities related to originating, selling and servicing residential real estate

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loans for the secondary market. Mortgage revenue is also impacted by changes in the fair value of MSRs as the Company does not hedge this change in fair value. The Company typically originates mortgage loans held-for-sale with associated MSRs either retained or released. The Company records MSRs at fair value on a recurring basis.

The table below presents additional selected information regarding mortgage banking revenue for the respective periods.



	Three months ended
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016
Retail originations	$	624,971		$	704,990
Correspondent originations	97,496			31,658
(A) Total originations	$	722,467		$	736,648

Purchases as a percentage of originations	66		%	56		%
Refinances as a percentage of originations	34			44
Total	100		%	100		%

(B) Production revenue ⁽¹⁾	$	17,677		$	19,930
Production margin (B/A)	2.45		%	2.71		%

(C) Loans serviced for others	$	1,972,592		$	1,044,745
(D) MSRs, at fair value	21,596			10,128
Percentage of MSRs to loans serviced for others (D/C)	1.09		%	0.97		%


(1)	Production revenue represents revenue earned from the origination and subsequent sale of mortgages, including gains on loans sold and fees from originations, processing and other related activities, and excludes servicing fees, changes in fair value of servicing rights and changes to the mortgage recourse obligation.

The decrease in net gains on investment securities in the current quarter primarily relates to the realized gains on sales and calls of certain securities that were held in the Company's investment securities portfolio in the first quarter of 2016.

The Company has typically written call options with terms of less than three months against certain U.S. Treasury and agency securities held in its portfolio for liquidity and other purposes. Management has effectively entered into these transactions with the goal of economically hedging security positions and enhancing its overall return on its investment portfolio by using fees generated from these options to compensate for net interest margin compression. These option transactions are designed to mitigate overall interest rate risk and do not qualify as hedges pursuant to accounting guidance. Fees from covered call options decreased in the current year compared to the same period of 2016 primarily as a result of selling call options against a smaller value of underlying securities resulting in lower premiums received by the Company. There were no outstanding call option contracts at March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016.

The increase in operating lease income in the current quarter compared to the prior year quarters is primarily related to growth in business from the Company's leasing divisions.

The decrease in other non-interest income during the first three months of 2017 as compared to the same period of 2016 is primarily due to the gain on extinguishment of junior subordinated debentures in the first quarter of 2016 and lower swap fee revenues resulting from interest rate hedging transactions related to both customer-based trades and the related matched trades with inter-bank dealer counterparties.

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Non-interest Expense

The following table presents non-interest expense by category for the periods presented:



	Three months ended				$ Change			% Change
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017		March 31, 2016		$ Change			% Change
Salaries and employee benefits:
Salaries	$	55,008	$	50,282	$	4,726		9	%
Commissions and incentive compensation	26,643		26,375		268			1
Benefits	17,665		19,154		(1,489		)	(8	)
Total salaries and employee benefits	99,316		95,811		3,505			4
Equipment	9,002		8,767		235			3
Operating lease equipment depreciation	4,636		2,050		2,586			NM
Occupancy, net	13,101		11,948		1,153			10
Data processing	7,925		6,519		1,406			22
Advertising and marketing	5,150		3,779		1,371			36
Professional fees	4,660		4,059		601			15
Amortization of other intangible assets	1,164		1,298		(134		)	(10	)
FDIC insurance	4,156		3,613		543			15
OREO expense, net	1,665		560		1,105			NM
Other:
Commissions—3rd party brokers	1,098		1,310		(212		)	(16	)
Postage	1,442		1,302		140			11
Miscellaneous	14,803		12,714		2,089			16
Total other	17,343		15,326		2,017			13
Total Non-Interest Expense	$	168,118	$	153,730	$	14,388		9	%

NM - Not Meaningful

Notable contributions to the change in non-interest expense are as follows:

Salaries and employee benefits expense increased in the current period compared to the same period of 2016 primarily as a result of the addition of employees from acquisitions, increased staffing as the Company grows, partially offset by a decrease in employee benefits.

Operating lease equipment depreciation increased in the current quarter compared to the same period of 2016 as a result of growth in business from the Company's leasing divisions.

The amount of data processing expenses incurred fluctuates based on the overall growth of loan and deposit accounts as well as additional expenses recorded related to acquisition transactions. The increase in the first quarter of 2017 compared to the first quarter of 2016 was primarily due to continued growth in the Company during the period.

Income Taxes

The Company recorded income tax expense of $29.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to $29.4 million for same period of 2016. The effective tax rates were 33.67% and 37.44% for the first quarters of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The lower effective tax rate in the first quarter of 2017 was primarily a result of recording $3.4 million of excess tax benefits related to the adoption of new accounting rules related to income taxes attributed to share-based compensation that became effective on January 1, 2017. These excess tax benefits are expected to be higher in the first quarter when the majority of the Company's share-based awards vest, and will fluctuate throughout the year based on the Company's stock price and timing of employee stock option exercises and vesting of other share-based awards.

Operating Segment Results

As described in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1, the Company’s operations consist of three primary segments: community banking, specialty finance and wealth management. The Company’s profitability is primarily dependent on the net interest income, provision for credit losses, non-interest income and operating expenses of its community banking segment. For purposes of internal segment profitability, management allocates certain intersegment and parent company balances.

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Management allocates a portion of revenues to the specialty finance segment related to loans and leases originated by the specialty finance segment and sold or assigned to the community banking segment. Similarly, for purposes of analyzing the contribution from the wealth management segment, management allocates a portion of the net interest income earned by the community banking segment on deposit balances of customers of the wealth management segment to the wealth management segment. Finally, expenses incurred at the Wintrust parent company are allocated to each segment based on each segment's risk-weighted assets.

The community banking segment’s net interest income for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 totaled $156.3 million as compared to $141.7 million for the same period in 2016, an increase of $14.6 million, or 10%. The increase during the period is primarily attributable to growth in earning assets and higher net interest margin. The community banking segment’s non-interest income totaled $42.7 million in the first quarter of 2017, a decrease of $3.0 million, or 6%, when compared to the first quarter of 2016 total of $45.7 million. The decrease in non-interest income in the current quarter was primarily attributable to lower interest rate swap fees as well as gains on investment securities and a gain on the extinguishment of debt recognized in first quarter of 2016. The community banking segment’s net income for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 totaled $37.7 million, an increase of $2.9 million as compared to net income in the first quarter of 2016 of $34.8 million.

The specialty finance segment's net interest income totaled $26.8 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, compared to $21.2 million for the same period in 2016, an increase of $5.6 million, or 27%. The increase during the period is primarily attributable to growth in earning assets. The specialty finance segment’s non-interest income totaled $14.2 million and $12.4 million for the three month periods ending March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase in non-interest income in the current period is primarily the result of higher originations and increased balances related to the life insurance premium finance portfolio as well as increased leasing activity since the prior year period. Our commercial premium finance operations, life insurance finance operations, lease financing operations and accounts receivable finance operations accounted for 37%, 40%, 17% and 6%, respectively, of the total revenues of our specialty finance business for the three month period ending March 31, 2017. The net income of the specialty finance segment for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 totaled $16.1 million as compared to $11.5 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2016.

The wealth management segment reported net interest income of $5.1 million for the first quarter of 2017 compared to $4.5 million in the same quarter of 2016. Net interest income for this segment is primarily comprised of an allocation of the net interest income earned by the community banking segment on non-interest bearing and interest-bearing wealth management customer account balances on deposit at the banks. Wealth management customer account balances on deposit at the banks averaged $1.1 billion and $968.5 million in the first three months of 2017 and 2016, respectively. This segment recorded non-interest income of $20.8 million for the first quarter of 2017 compared to $18.8 million for the first quarter of 2016. Distribution of wealth management services through each bank continues to be a focus of the Company as the number of financial advisors in its banks continues to increase. The Company is committed to growing the wealth management segment in order to better service its customers and create a more diversified revenue stream. The wealth management segment’s net income totaled $4.6 million for the first quarter of 2017 compared to $2.9 million for the first quarter of 2016.

Financial Condition

Total assets were $25.8 billion at March 31, 2017, representing an increase of $2.3 billion, or 10%, when compared to March 31, 2016 and an increase of approximately $110.3 million, or 2% on an annualized basis, when compared to December 31, 2016. Total funding, which includes deposits, all notes and advances, including secured borrowings and the junior subordinated debentures, was $22.6 billion at March 31, 2017, $22.5 billion at December 31, 2016, and $20.7 billion at March 31, 2016. See Notes 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for additional period-end detail on the Company’s interest-earning assets and funding liabilities.

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Interest-Earning Assets

The following table sets forth, by category, the composition of average earning asset balances and the relative percentage of total average earning assets for the periods presented:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016				March 31, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)	Balance		Percent		Balance		Percent		Balance		Percent
Loans:
Commercial	$	5,931,606	25	%	$	5,878,862	25	%	$	4,687,571	22	%
Commercial real estate	6,191,202		27	%	6,046,064		26		5,628,827		27
Home equity	719,525		3	%	735,526		3		779,503		4
Residential real estate ⁽¹⁾	988,121		4		1,157,290		5		913,849		4
Premium finance receivables	5,971,554		26		5,757,990		24		5,360,834		26
Other loans	121,598		1		135,772		1		138,009		1
Total loans, net of unearned income excluding covered loans ⁽²⁾	$	19,923,606	86	%	$	19,711,504	84	%	$	17,508,593	84	%
Covered loans	56,872		—		59,827		—		141,351		1
Total average loans ⁽²⁾	$	19,980,478	86	%	$	19,771,331	84	%	$	17,649,944	85	%
Liquidity management assets ⁽³⁾	$	3,270,467	14	%	$	3,860,616	16	%	3,300,138		15	%
Other earning assets ⁽⁴⁾	25,236		—		27,608		—		28,731		—
Total average earning assets	$	23,276,181	100	%	$	23,659,555	100	%	$	20,978,813	100	%
Total average assets	$	25,207,348			$	25,611,060			$	22,902,913
Total average earning assets to total average assets			92	%			92	%			92	%


(1)	Includes mortgage loans held-for-sale


(2)	Includes loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans


(3)	Liquidity management assets include investment securities, other securities, interest earning deposits with banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements


(4)	Other earning assets include brokerage customer receivables and trading account securities

Loans. Average total loans, net of unearned income, totaled $20.0 billion in the first quarter of 2017, increasing $2.3 billion, or 13%, from the first quarter of 2016 and $209.1 million, or 4% on an annualized basis, from the fourth quarter of 2016. Combined, the commercial and commercial real estate loan categories comprised 61% and 58% of the average loan portfolio in the first quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. Growth realized in these categories for the first quarter of 2017 as compared to the sequential and prior year periods is primarily attributable to the various bank acquisitions and increased business development efforts.

Home equity loan portfolio averaged $719.5 million in the first quarter of 2017, and decreased $60.0 million, or 8% from the average balance of $779.5 million in same period of 2016. The Company has been actively managing its home equity portfolio to ensure that diligent pricing, appraisal and other underwriting activities continue to exist. The Company has not sacrificed asset quality or pricing standards when originating new home equity loans.

Residential real estate loans averaged $988.1 million in the first quarter of 2017, and increased $74.3 million, or 8% from the average balance of $913.8 million in same period of 2016. Additionally, compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2016, the average balance decreased $169.2 million, or 58% on an annualized basis, due primarily to lower mortgage loans held-for-sale. The residential real estate loan category includes mortgage loans held-for-sale. By selling residential mortgage loans into the secondary market, the Company eliminates the interest-rate risk associated with these loans, as they are predominantly long-term fixed rate loans, and provides a source of non-interest revenue.

Average premium finance receivables totaled $6.0 billion in the first quarter of 2017, and accounted for 30% of the Company’s average total loans. The increase during 2017 compared to both the fourth quarter of 2016 and the first quarter of 2016 was the result of continued originations within the portfolio due to the effective marketing and customer servicing. Approximately $1.6 billion of premium finance receivables were originated in the first quarter of 2017 compared to $1.5 billion during the same period of 2016. Premium finance receivables consist of a commercial portfolio and a life portfolio comprising approximately 41% and 59%, respectively, of the average total balance of premium finance receivables for the first quarter of 2017, and 44% and 56%, respectively, for the first quarter of 2016.

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Other loans represent a wide variety of personal and consumer loans to individuals as well as high-yielding short-term accounts receivable financing to clients in the temporary staffing industry located throughout the United States. Consumer loans generally have shorter terms and higher interest rates than mortgage loans but generally involve more credit risk due to the type and nature of the collateral. Additionally, short-term accounts receivable financing may also involve greater credit risks than generally associated with the loan portfolios of more traditional community banks depending on the marketability of the collateral.

Covered loans represent loans acquired through the nine FDIC-assisted transactions, all of which occurred prior to 2013. These loans are subject to loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. The FDIC has agreed to reimburse the Company for 80% of losses incurred on the purchased loans, foreclosed real estate, and certain other assets. The Company expects the covered loan portfolio to continue to decrease as these acquired loans are paid off and as loss sharing agreements expire. See Note 3 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for a discussion of these acquisitions, including the aggregation of these loans by risk characteristics when determining the initial and subsequent fair value.

Liquidity management assets. Funds that are not utilized for loan originations are used to purchase investment securities and short term money market investments, to sell as federal funds and to maintain in interest bearing deposits with banks. The balances of these assets can fluctuate based on management’s ongoing effort to manage liquidity and for asset liability management purposes.

Other earning assets. Other earning assets include brokerage customer receivables and trading account securities. In the normal course of business, WHI activities involve the execution, settlement, and financing of various securities transactions. WHI’s customer securities activities are transacted on either a cash or margin basis. In margin transactions, WHI, under an agreement with an out-sourced securities firm, extends credit to its customers, subject to various regulatory and internal margin requirements, collateralized by cash and securities in customer’s accounts. In connection with these activities, WHI executes and the out-sourced firm clears customer transactions relating to the sale of securities not yet purchased, substantially all of which are transacted on a margin basis subject to individual exchange regulations. Such transactions may expose WHI to off-balance-sheet risk, particularly in volatile trading markets, in the event margin requirements are not sufficient to fully cover losses that customers may incur. In the event a customer fails to satisfy its obligations, WHI under the agreement with the outsourced securities firm, may be required to purchase or sell financial instruments at prevailing market prices to fulfill the customer’s obligations. WHI seeks to control the risks associated with its customers’ activities by requiring customers to maintain margin collateral in compliance with various regulatory and internal guidelines. WHI monitors required margin levels daily and, pursuant to such guidelines, requires customers to deposit additional collateral or to reduce positions when necessary.

LOAN PORTFOLIO AND ASSET QUALITY

Loan Portfolio

The following table shows the Company’s loan portfolio by category as of the dates shown:



	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016				March 31, 2016
			% of				% of				% of
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		Total		Amount		Total		Amount		Total
Commercial	$	6,081,489	30	%	$	6,005,422	30	%	$	4,890,246	28	%
Commercial real estate	6,261,682		31		6,196,087		31		5,737,959		32
Home equity	708,258		4		725,793		4		774,342		4
Residential real estate	720,608		4		705,221		4		626,043		4
Premium finance receivables—commercial	2,446,946		12		2,478,581		12		2,320,987		13
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	3,593,563		18		3,470,027		18		2,976,934		17
Consumer and other	118,512		1		122,041		1		119,902		1
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	$	19,931,058	100	%	$	19,703,172	100	%	$	17,446,413	99	%
Covered loans	52,359		—		58,145		—		138,848		1
Total loans	$	19,983,417	100	%	$	19,761,317	100	%	$	17,585,261	100	%

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Commercial and commercial real estate loans. Our commercial and commercial real estate loan portfolios are comprised primarily of commercial real estate loans and lines of credit for working capital purposes. The table below sets forth information regarding the types and amounts of our loans within these portfolios (excluding covered loans) as of March 31, 2017 and 2016:



	As of March 31, 2017						As of March 31, 2016
					Allowance						Allowance
			% of		For Loan				% of		For Loan
			Total		Losses				Total		Losses
(Dollars in thousands)	Balance		Balance		Allocation		Balance		Balance		Allocation
Commercial:
Commercial, industrial and other	$	3,891,075	31.5	%	$	31,693	$	3,404,555	32.0	%	$	26,932
Franchise	823,734		6.7		4,675		274,558		2.6		3,213
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit	154,180		1.3		1,178		193,735		1.8		1,411
Asset-based lending	881,004		7.1		7,262		747,901		7.0		5,963
Leases	320,010		2.6		1,132		249,418		2.3		248
PCI - commercial loans ⁽¹⁾	11,486		0.1		642		20,079		0.2		668
Total commercial	$	6,081,489	49.3	%	$	46,582	$	4,890,246	45.9	%	$	38,435
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction	$	655,333	5.3	%	$	7,908	$	391,322	3.7	%	$	4,236
Land	105,079		0.8		3,658		95,580		0.9		3,233
Office	870,666		7.1		5,822		888,494		8.4		5,824
Industrial	792,962		6.4		6,728		742,956		7.0		6,440
Retail	911,786		7.4		5,981		897,467		8.4		5,829
Multi-family	804,776		6.5		8,101		763,073		7.2		7,581
Mixed use and other	1,963,744		15.9		14,375		1,795,717		17.0		12,116
PCI - commercial real estate ⁽¹⁾	157,336		1.3		60		163,350		1.5		4
Total commercial real estate	$	6,261,682	50.7	%	$	52,633	$	5,737,959	54.1	%	$	45,263
Total commercial and commercial real estate	$	12,343,171	100.0	%	$	99,215	$	10,628,205	100.0	%	$	83,698

Commercial real estate - collateral location by state:
Illinois	$	4,943,266	79.0	%			$	4,533,361	79.0	%
Wisconsin	670,936		10.7				585,809		10.2
Total primary markets	$	5,614,202	89.7	%			$	5,119,170	89.2	%
Indiana	125,233		2.0				131,762		2.3
Florida	79,554		1.2				52,649		0.9
Arizona	55,069		0.9				39,705		0.7
California	41,989		0.7				59,877		1.0
Other	345,635		5.5				334,796		5.9
Total	$	6,261,682	100.0	%			$	5,737,959	100.0	%


(1)	PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.

We make commercial loans for many purposes, including working capital lines, which are generally renewable annually and supported by business assets, personal guarantees and additional collateral. Commercial business lending is generally considered to involve a slightly higher degree of risk than traditional consumer bank lending. Primarily as a result of growth in the commercial portfolio, our allowance for loan losses in our commercial loan portfolio is $46.6 million as of March 31, 2017 compared to $38.4 million as of March 31, 2016.

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Our commercial real estate loans are generally secured by a first mortgage lien and assignment of rents on the property. Since most of our bank branches are located in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin, 89.7% of our commercial real estate loan portfolio is located in this region as of March 31, 2017. While commercial real estate market conditions have improved recently, a number of specific markets continue to be under stress. We have been able to effectively manage our total non-performing commercial real estate loans. As of March 31, 2017, our allowance for loan losses related to this portfolio is $52.6 million compared to $45.3 million as of March 31, 2016.

The Company also participates in mortgage warehouse lending by providing interim funding to unaffiliated mortgage bankers to finance residential mortgages originated by such bankers for sale into the secondary market. The Company’s loans to the mortgage bankers are secured by the business assets of the mortgage companies as well as the specific mortgage loans funded by the Company, after they have been pre-approved for purchase by third party end lenders. The Company may also provide interim financing for packages of mortgage loans on a bulk basis in circumstances where the mortgage bankers desire to competitively bid on a number of mortgages for sale as a package in the secondary market. Amounts advanced with respect to any particular mortgage loan are usually required to be repaid within 21 days. Mortgage warehouse lines decreased to $154.2 million as of March 31, 2017 from $193.7 million as of March 31, 2016.

Home equity loans. Our home equity loans and lines of credit are originated by each of our banks in their local markets where we have a strong understanding of the underlying real estate value. Our banks monitor and manage these loans, and we conduct an automated review of all home equity loans and lines of credit at least twice per year. This review collects current credit performance for each home equity borrower and identifies situations where the credit strength of the borrower is declining, or where there are events that may influence repayment, such as tax liens or judgments. Our banks use this information to manage loans that may be higher risk and to determine whether to obtain additional credit information or updated property valuations.

The rates we offer on new home equity lending are based on several factors, including appraisals and valuation due diligence, in order to reflect inherent risk, and we place additional scrutiny on larger home equity requests. In a limited number of cases, we issue home equity credit together with first mortgage financing, and requests for such financing are evaluated on a combined basis. It is not our practice to advance more than 85% of the appraised value of the underlying asset, which ratio we refer to as the loan-to-value ratio, or LTV ratio, and a majority of the credit we previously extended, when issued, had an LTV ratio of less than 80%.

Our home equity loan portfolio has performed well in light of the ongoing volatility in the overall residential real estate market.

Residential real estate mortgages. Our residential real estate portfolio predominantly includes one- to four-family adjustable rate mortgages that have repricing terms generally from one to three years, construction loans to individuals and bridge financing loans for qualifying customers. As of March 31, 2017, our residential loan portfolio totaled $720.6 million, or 4% of our total outstanding loans.

Our adjustable rate mortgages relate to properties located principally in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin or vacation homes owned by local residents. These adjustable rate mortgages are often non-agency conforming. Adjustable rate mortgage loans decrease the interest rate risk we face on our mortgage portfolio. However, this risk is not eliminated due to the fact that such loans generally provide for periodic and lifetime limits on the interest rate adjustments among other features. Additionally, adjustable rate mortgages may pose a higher risk of delinquency and default because they require borrowers to make larger payments when interest rates rise. As of March 31, 2017, $11.9 million of our residential real estate mortgages, or 1.7% of our residential real estate loan portfolio were classified as nonaccrual, $900,000 were 90 or more days past due and still accruing (0.1%), $8.7 million were 30 to 89 days past due (1.2%) and $699.1 million were current (97.0%). We believe that since our loan portfolio consists primarily of locally originated loans, and since the majority of our borrowers are longer-term customers with lower LTV ratios, we face a relatively low risk of borrower default and delinquency.

While we generally do not originate loans for our own portfolio with long-term fixed rates due to interest rate risk considerations, we can accommodate customer requests for fixed rate loans by originating such loans and then selling them into the secondary market, for which we receive fee income. We may also selectively retain certain of these loans within the banks’ own portfolios where they are non-agency conforming, or where the terms of the loans make them favorable to retain. A portion of the loans we sold into the secondary market were sold with the servicing of those loans retained. The amount of loans serviced for others as of March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $2.0 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively. All other mortgage loans sold into the secondary market were sold without the retention of servicing rights.

It is not our current practice to underwrite, and we have no plans to underwrite, subprime, Alt A, no or little documentation loans, or option ARM loans. As of March 31, 2017, approximately $2.3 million of our mortgage loans consist of interest-only loans.

Premium finance receivables – commercial. FIFC and FIFC Canada originated approximately $1.4 billion in commercial insurance premium finance receivables in the first quarter of 2017 as compared to $1.3 billion of originations in the first quarter of 2016.

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FIFC and FIFC Canada make loans to businesses to finance the insurance premiums they pay on their commercial insurance policies. The loans are originated by working through independent medium and large insurance agents and brokers located throughout the United States and Canada. The insurance premiums financed are primarily for commercial customers’ purchases of liability, property and casualty and other commercial insurance.

This lending involves relatively rapid turnover of the loan portfolio and high volume of loan originations. Because of the indirect nature of this lending through third party agents and brokers and because the borrowers are located nationwide and in Canada, this segment is more susceptible to third party fraud than relationship lending. The Company performs ongoing credit and other reviews of the agents and brokers, and performs various internal audit steps to mitigate against the risk of any fraud. The majority of these loans are purchased by the banks in order to more fully utilize their lending capacity as these loans generally provide the banks with higher yields than alternative investments.

Premium finance receivables—life insurance. FIFC originated approximately $203.8 million in life insurance premium finance receivables in the first quarter of 2017 as compared to $209.7 million of originations in the first quarter of 2016. The Company continues to experience increased competition and pricing pressure within the current market. These loans are originated directly with the borrowers with assistance from life insurance carriers, independent insurance agents, financial advisors and legal counsel. The life insurance policy is the primary form of collateral. In addition, these loans often are secured with a letter of credit, marketable securities or certificates of deposit. In some cases, FIFC may make a loan that has a partially unsecured position.

Consumer and other. Included in the consumer and other loan category is a wide variety of personal and consumer loans to individuals as well as high yielding short-term accounts receivable financing to clients in the temporary staffing industry located throughout the United States. The Banks originate consumer loans in order to provide a wider range of financial services to their customers.

Consumer loans generally have shorter terms and higher interest rates than mortgage loans but generally involve more credit risk than mortgage loans due to the type and nature of the collateral. Additionally, short-term accounts receivable financing may also involve greater credit risks than generally associated with the loan portfolios of more traditional community banks depending on the marketability of the collateral.

Covered loans. Covered loans represent loans acquired through the nine FDIC-assisted transactions, all of which occurred prior to 2013. These loans are subject to loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. The FDIC has agreed to reimburse the Company for 80% of losses incurred on the purchased loans, foreclosed real estate, and certain other assets. The Company expects the covered loan portfolio to continue to decrease as these acquired loans are paid off and as loss sharing agreements expire. See Note 3 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for a discussion of these acquisitions, including the aggregation of these loans by risk characteristics when determining the initial and subsequent fair value.

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Maturities and Sensitivities of Loans to Changes in Interest Rates

The following table classifies the loan portfolio, excluding covered loans, at March 31, 2017 by date at which the loans reprice or mature, and the type of rate exposure:



As of March 31, 2017	One year or less		From one to five years		Over five years
(Dollars in thousands)	One year or less		From one to five years		Over five years		Total
Commercial
Fixed rate	$	103,508	$	700,701	$	477,141	$	1,281,350
Variable rate	4,788,750		9,426		1,963		4,800,139
Total commercial	$	4,892,258	$	710,127	$	479,104	$	6,081,489
Commercial real estate
Fixed rate	386,082		1,706,877		272,040		2,364,999
Variable rate	3,862,571		32,513		1,599		3,896,683
Total commercial real estate	$	4,248,653	$	1,739,390	$	273,639	$	6,261,682
Home Equity
Fixed rate	4,803		3,284		66,264		74,351
Variable rate	633,439		75		393		633,907
Total home equity	$	638,242	$	3,359	$	66,657	$	708,258
Residential real estate
Fixed rate	47,885		41,106		140,076		229,067
Variable rate	60,869		177,311		253,361		491,541
Total residential real estate	$	108,754	$	218,417	$	393,437	$	720,608
Premium finance receivables - commercial
Fixed rate	2,364,859		82,087		—		2,446,946
Variable rate	—		—		—		—
Total premium finance receivables - commercial	$	2,364,859	$	82,087	$	—	$	2,446,946
Premium finance receivables - life insurance
Fixed rate	14,387		36,404		1,377		52,168
Variable rate	3,541,395		—		—		3,541,395
Total premium finance receivables - life insurance	$	3,555,782	$	36,404	$	1,377	$	3,593,563
Consumer and other
Fixed rate	59,400		12,480		3,321		75,201
Variable rate	43,311		—		—		43,311
Total consumer and other	$	102,711	$	12,480	$	3,321	$	118,512
Total per category
Fixed rate	2,980,924		2,582,939		960,219		6,524,082
Variable rate	12,930,335		219,325		257,316		13,406,976
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	$	15,911,259	$	2,802,264	$	1,217,535	$	19,931,058
Variable Rate Loan Pricing by Index:
Prime	$	2,999,998
One- month LIBOR	6,104,386
Three- month LIBOR	522,109
Twelve- month LIBOR	3,341,513
Other	438,970
Total variable rate	$	13,406,976

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Past Due Loans and Non-Performing Assets

Our ability to manage credit risk depends in large part on our ability to properly identify and manage problem loans. To do so, the Company operates a credit risk rating system under which our credit management personnel assign a credit risk rating to each loan at the time of origination and review loans on a regular basis to determine each loan’s credit risk rating on a scale of 1 through 10 with higher scores indicating higher risk. The credit risk rating structure used is shown below:



1 Rating —		Minimal Risk (Loss Potential – none or extremely low) (Superior asset quality, excellent liquidity, minimal leverage)

2 Rating —		Modest Risk (Loss Potential demonstrably low) (Very good asset quality and liquidity, strong leverage capacity)

3 Rating —		Average Risk (Loss Potential low but no longer refutable) (Mostly satisfactory asset quality and liquidity, good leverage capacity)

4 Rating —		Above Average Risk (Loss Potential variable, but some potential for deterioration) (Acceptable asset quality, little excess liquidity, modest leverage capacity)

5 Rating —		Management Attention Risk (Loss Potential moderate if corrective action not taken) (Generally acceptable asset quality, somewhat strained liquidity, minimal leverage capacity)

6 Rating —		Special Mention (Loss Potential moderate if corrective action not taken) (Assets in this category are currently protected, potentially weak, but not to the point of substandard classification)

7 Rating —		Substandard Accrual (Loss Potential distinct possibility that the bank may sustain some loss, but no discernable impairment) (Must have well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt)

8 Rating —		Substandard Non-accrual (Loss Potential well documented probability of loss, including potential impairment) (Must have well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt)

9 Rating —		Doubtful (Loss Potential extremely high) (These assets have all the weaknesses in those classified “substandard” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions, and values, highly improbable)

10 Rating —		Loss (fully charged-off) (Loans in this category are considered fully uncollectible.)

Each loan officer is responsible for monitoring his or her loan portfolio, recommending a credit risk rating for each loan in his or her portfolio and ensuring the credit risk ratings are appropriate. These credit risk ratings are then ratified by the bank’s chief credit officer and/or concurrence credit officer. Credit risk ratings are determined by evaluating a number of factors including, a borrower’s financial strength, cash flow coverage, collateral protection and guarantees. A third party loan review firm independently reviews a significant portion of the loan portfolio at each of the Company’s subsidiary banks to evaluate the appropriateness of the management-assigned credit risk ratings. These ratings are subject to further review at each of our bank subsidiaries by the applicable regulatory authority, including the FRB of Chicago, the OCC, the State of Illinois and the State of Wisconsin and are also reviewed by our internal audit staff.

The Company’s problem loan reporting system automatically includes all loans with credit risk ratings of 6 through 9. This system is designed to provide an on-going detailed tracking mechanism for each problem loan. Once management determines that a loan has deteriorated to a point where it has a credit risk rating of 6 or worse, the Company’s Managed Asset Division performs an overall credit and collateral review. As part of this review, all underlying collateral is identified and the valuation methodology is analyzed and tracked. As a result of this initial review by the Company’s Managed Asset Division, the credit risk rating is reviewed and a portion of the outstanding loan balance may be deemed uncollectible or an impairment reserve may be established. The Company’s impairment analysis utilizes an independent re-appraisal of the collateral (unless such a third-party evaluation is not possible due to the unique nature of the collateral, such as a closely-held business or thinly traded securities). In the case of commercial real estate collateral, an independent third party appraisal is ordered by the Company’s Real Estate Services Group to determine if there has been any change in the underlying collateral value. These independent appraisals are reviewed by the Real Estate Services Group and sometimes by independent third party valuation experts and may be adjusted depending upon market conditions. An appraisal is ordered at least once a year for these loans, or more often if market conditions dictate. In the event that the underlying value of the collateral cannot be easily determined, a detailed valuation methodology is prepared by the Managed Asset Division. A summary of this analysis is provided to the directors’ loan committee of the bank which originated the credit for approval of a charge-off, if necessary.

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Through the credit risk rating process, loans are reviewed to determine if they are performing in accordance with the original contractual terms. If the borrower has failed to comply with the original contractual terms, further action may be required by the Company, including a downgrade in the credit risk rating, movement to non-accrual status, a charge-off or the establishment of a specific impairment reserve. In the event a collateral shortfall is identified during the credit review process, the Company will work with the borrower for a principal reduction and/or a pledge of additional collateral and/or additional guarantees. In the event that these options are not available, the loan may be subject to a downgrade of the credit risk rating. If we determine that a loan amount or portion thereof, is uncollectible the loan’s credit risk rating is immediately downgraded to an 8 or 9 and the uncollectible amount is charged-off. Any loan that has a partial charge-off continues to be assigned a credit risk rating of an 8 or 9 for the duration of time that a balance remains outstanding. The Managed Asset Division undertakes a thorough and ongoing analysis to determine if additional impairment and/or charge-offs are appropriate and to begin a workout plan for the credit to minimize actual losses.

The Company’s approach to workout plans and restructuring loans is built on the credit-risk rating process. A modification of a loan with an existing credit risk rating of 6 or worse or a modification of any other credit, which will result in a restructured credit risk rating of 6 or worse must be reviewed for TDR classification. In that event, our Managed Assets Division conducts an overall credit and collateral review. A modification of a loan is considered to be a TDR if both (1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and (2) for economic or legal reasons, the bank grants a concession to a borrower that it would not otherwise consider. The modification of a loan where the credit risk rating is 5 or better both before and after such modification is not considered to be a TDR. Based on the Company’s credit risk rating system, it considers that borrowers whose credit risk rating is 5 or better are not experiencing financial difficulties and therefore, are not considered TDRs.

TDRs, which are by definition considered impaired loans, are reviewed at the time of modification and on a quarterly basis to determine if a specific reserve is needed. The carrying amount of the loan is compared to the expected payments to be received, discounted at the loan’s original rate, or for collateral dependent loans, to the fair value of the collateral less the estimated cost to sell. Any shortfall is recorded as a specific reserve.

For non-TDR loans, if based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due to it according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, a loan is considered impaired, and a specific impairment reserve analysis is performed and if necessary, a specific reserve is established. In determining the appropriate reserve for collateral-dependent loans, the Company considers the results of appraisals for the associated collateral.

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Non-performing Assets, excluding covered assets

The following table sets forth Wintrust’s non-performing assets and TDRs performing under the contractual terms of the loan agreement, excluding covered assets and PCI loans, as of the dates shown:



(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2016
Loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing ⁽¹⁾:
Commercial	$	100		$	174		$	338
Commercial real estate	—			—			1,260
Home equity	—			—			—
Residential real estate	—			—			—
Premium finance receivables—commercial	4,991			7,962			9,548
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	2,024			3,717			1,641
Consumer and other	104			144			180
Total loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing	7,219			11,997			12,967
Non-accrual loans ⁽²⁾:
Commercial	14,307			15,875			12,373
Commercial real estate	20,809			21,924			26,996
Home equity	11,722			9,761			9,365
Residential real estate	11,943			12,749			11,964
Premium finance receivables—commercial	12,629			14,709			15,350
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	—			—			—
Consumer and other	350			439			484
Total non-accrual loans	71,760			75,457			76,532
Total non-performing loans:
Commercial	14,407			16,049			12,711
Commercial real estate	20,809			21,924			28,256
Home equity	11,722			9,761			9,365
Residential real estate	11,943			12,749			11,964
Premium finance receivables—commercial	17,620			22,671			24,898
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	2,024			3,717			1,641
Consumer and other	454			583			664
Total non-performing loans	$	78,979		$	87,454		$	89,499
Other real estate owned	17,090			17,699			24,022
Other real estate owned—from acquisitions	22,774			22,583			16,980
Other repossessed assets	544			581			171
Total non-performing assets	$	119,387		$	128,317		$	130,672
TDRs performing under the contractual terms of the loan agreement	28,392			29,911			34,949
Total non-performing loans by category as a percent of its own respective category’s period-end balance:
Commercial	0.24		%	0.27		%	0.26		%
Commercial real estate	0.33			0.35			0.49
Home equity	1.66			1.34			1.21
Residential real estate	1.66			1.81			1.91
Premium finance receivables—commercial	0.72			0.91			1.07
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	0.06			0.11			0.06
Consumer and other	0.38			0.48			0.55
Total non-performing loans	0.40		%	0.44		%	0.51		%
Total non-performing assets, as a percentage of total assets	0.46		%	0.50		%	0.56		%
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total non-performing loans	159.31		%	139.83		%	123.10		%


(1)	As of the dates shown, no TDRs were past due greater than 90 days and still accruing interest.


(2)	Non-accrual loans included TDRs totaling $11.3 million, $11.8 million and $17.6 million as of March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016 respectively.

Management is pursuing the resolution of all credits in this category. At this time, management believes reserves are appropriate to absorb inherent losses that are expected upon the ultimate resolution of these credits.

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Loan Portfolio Aging

The tables below show the aging of the Company’s loan portfolio at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:



	Nonaccrual		90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due		Current		Total Loans
As of March 31, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)
Loan Balances:
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	12,036	$	100	$	19	$	23,780	$	3,855,140	$	3,891,075
Franchise	323		—		—		987		822,424		823,734
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit	—		—		—		9,111		145,069		154,180
Asset-based lending	1,378		—		—		3,744		875,882		881,004
Leases	570		—		—		874		318,566		320,010
PCI - commercial ⁽¹⁾	—		1,368		—		944		9,174		11,486
Total commercial	14,307		1,468		19		39,440		6,026,255		6,081,489
Commercial real estate
Construction	2,408		—		391		4,356		648,178		655,333
Land	350		—		—		3,274		101,455		105,079
Office	3,513		—		953		7,155		859,045		870,666
Industrial	7,004		—		—		2,656		783,302		792,962
Retail	589		—		—		4,727		906,470		911,786
Multi-family	668		—		203		4,813		799,092		804,776
Mixed use and other	6,277		—		3,207		14,166		1,940,094		1,963,744
PCI - commercial real estate ⁽¹⁾	—		12,559		672		15,565		128,540		157,336
Total commercial real estate	20,809		12,559		5,426		56,712		6,166,176		6,261,682
Home equity	11,722		—		430		4,884		691,222		708,258
Residential real estate, including PCI	11,943		900		3,410		5,262		699,093		720,608
Premium finance receivables
Commercial insurance loans	12,629		4,991		6,383		23,775		2,399,168		2,446,946
Life insurance loans	—		2,024		2,535		32,208		3,316,090		3,352,857
PCI - life insurance loans ⁽¹⁾	—		—		—		—		240,706		240,706
Consumer and other, including PCI	350		167		323		543		117,129		118,512
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	$	71,760	$	22,109	$	18,526	$	162,824	$	19,655,839	$	19,931,058
Covered loans	1,592		2,808		268		1,570		46,121		52,359
Total loans, net of unearned income	$	73,352	$	24,917	$	18,794	$	164,394	$	19,701,960	$	19,983,417



Aging as a % of Loan Balance: As of March 31, 2017	Nonaccrual		90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due		Current		Total Loans
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	0.3	%	—	%	—	%	0.6	%	99.1	%	100.0	%
Franchise	—		—		—		0.1		99.9		100.0
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit	—		—		—		5.9		94.1		100.0
Asset-based lending	0.2		—		—		0.4		99.4		100.0
Leases	0.2		—		—		0.3		99.5		100.0
PCI - commercial ⁽¹⁾	—		11.9		—		8.2		79.9		100.0
Total commercial	0.2		—		—		0.6		99.2		100.0
Commercial real estate
Construction	0.4		—		0.1		0.7		98.8		100.0
Land	0.3		—		—		3.1		96.6		100.0
Office	0.4		—		0.1		0.8		98.7		100.0
Industrial	0.9		—		—		0.3		98.8		100.0
Retail	0.1		—		—		0.5		99.4		100.0
Multi-family	0.1		—		—		0.6		99.3		100.0
Mixed use and other	0.3		—		0.2		0.7		98.8		100.0
PCI - commercial real estate ⁽¹⁾	—		8.0		0.4		9.9		81.7		100.0
Total commercial real estate	0.3		0.2		0.1		0.9		98.5		100.0
Home equity	1.7		—		0.1		0.7		97.5		100.0
Residential real estate, including PCI	1.7		0.1		0.5		0.7		97.0		100.0
Premium finance receivables
Commercial insurance loans	0.5		0.2		0.3		1.0		98.0		100.0
Life insurance loans	—		0.1		0.1		1.0		98.8		100.0
PCI - life insurance loans ⁽¹⁾	—		—		—		—		100.0		100.0
Consumer and other, including PCI	0.3		0.1		0.3		0.5		98.8		100.0
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	0.4	%	0.1	%	0.1	%	0.8	%	98.6	%	100.0	%
Covered loans	3.0		5.4		0.5		3.0		88.1		100.0
Total loans, net of unearned income	0.4	%	0.1	%	0.1	%	0.8	%	98.6	%	100.0	%


(1)	PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.

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	Nonaccrual		90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due		Current		Total Loans
As of December 31, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)
Loan Balances:
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	$	13,441	$	174	$	2,341	$	11,779	$	3,716,977	$	3,744,712
Franchise	—		—		—		493		869,228		869,721
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit	—		—		—		—		204,225		204,225
Asset-based lending	1,924		—		135		1,609		871,402		875,070
Leases	510		—		—		1,331		293,073		294,914
PCI - commercial ⁽¹⁾	—		1,689		100		2,428		12,563		16,780
Total commercial	15,875		1,863		2,576		17,640		5,967,468		6,005,422
Commercial real estate
Construction	2,408		—		—		1,824		606,007		610,239
Land	394		—		188		—		104,219		104,801
Office	4,337		—		4,506		1,232		857,599		867,674
Industrial	7,047		—		4,516		2,436		756,602		770,601
Retail	597		—		760		3,364		907,872		912,593
Multi-family	643		—		322		1,347		805,312		807,624
Mixed use and other	6,498		—		1,186		12,632		1,931,859		1,952,175
PCI - commercial real estate ⁽¹⁾	—		16,188		3,775		8,888		141,529		170,380
Total commercial real estate	21,924		16,188		15,253		31,723		6,110,999		6,196,087
Home equity	9,761		—		1,630		6,515		707,887		725,793
Residential real estate, including PCI	12,749		1,309		936		8,271		681,956		705,221
Premium finance receivables
Commercial insurance loans	14,709		7,962		5,646		14,580		2,435,684		2,478,581
Life insurance loans	—		3,717		17,514		16,204		3,182,935		3,220,370
PCI - life insurance loans⁽¹⁾	—		—		—		—		249,657		249,657
Consumer and other, including PCI	439		207		100		887		120,408		122,041
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	$	75,457	$	31,246	$	43,655	$	95,820	$	19,456,994	$	19,703,172
Covered loans	2,121		2,492		225		1,553		51,754		58,145
Total loans, net of unearned income	$	77,578	$	33,738	$	43,880	$	97,373	$	19,508,748	$	19,761,317



Aging as a % of Loan Balance: As of December 31, 2016	Nonaccrual		90+ days and still accruing		60-89 days past due		30-59 days past due		Current		Total Loans
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other	0.4	%	—	%	0.1	%	0.3	%	99.2	%	100.0	%
Franchise	—		—		—		0.1		99.9		100.0
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit	—		—		—		—		100.0		100.0
Asset-based lending	0.2		—		—		0.2		99.6		100.0
Leases	0.2		—		—		0.5		99.3		100.0
PCI - commercial ⁽¹⁾	—		10.1		0.6		14.5		74.8		100.0
Total commercial	0.3		—		—		0.3		99.4		100.0
Commercial real estate
Construction	0.4		—		—		0.3		99.3		100.0
Land	0.4		—		0.2		—		99.4		100.0
Office	0.5		—		0.5		0.1		98.9		100.0
Industrial	0.9		—		0.6		0.3		98.2		100.0
Retail	0.1		—		0.1		0.4		99.4		100.0
Multi-family	0.1		—		—		0.2		99.7		100.0
Mixed use and other	0.3		—		0.1		0.6		99.0		100.0
PCI - commercial real estate ⁽¹⁾	—		9.5		2.2		5.2		83.1		100.0
Total commercial real estate	0.4		0.3		0.2		0.5		98.6		100.0
Home equity	1.3		—		0.2		0.9		97.6		100.0
Residential real estate, including PCI	1.8		0.2		0.1		1.2		96.7		100.0
Premium finance receivables
Commercial insurance loans	0.6		0.3		0.2		0.6		98.3		100.0
Life insurance loans	—		0.1		0.5		0.5		98.9		100.0
PCI - life insurance loans ⁽¹⁾	—		—		—		—		100.0		100.0
Consumer and other, including PCI	0.4		0.2		0.1		0.7		98.6		100.0
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	0.4	%	0.2	%	0.2	%	0.5	%	98.7	%	100.0	%
Covered loans	3.6		4.3		0.4		2.7		89.0		100.0
Total loans, net of unearned income	0.4	%	0.2	%	0.2	%	0.5	%	98.7	%	100.0	%


(1)	PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.

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As of March 31, 2017, $18.5 million of all loans, excluding covered loans, or 0.1%, were 60 to 89 days past due and $162.8 million or 0.8%, were 30 to 59 days (or one payment) past due. As of December 31, 2016, $43.7 million of all loans, excluding covered loans, or 0.2%, were 60 to 89 days past due and $95.8 million, or 0.5%, were 30 to 59 days (or one payment) past due. Many of the commercial and commercial real estate loans shown as 60 to 89 days and 30 to 59 days past due are included on the Company’s internal problem loan reporting system. Loans on this system are closely monitored by management on a monthly basis.

The Company's home equity and residential loan portfolios continue to exhibit low delinquency ratios. Home equity loans at March 31, 2017 that were current with regard to the contractual terms of the loan agreement represent 97.5% of the total home equity portfolio. Residential real estate loans at March 31, 2017 that were current with regards to the contractual terms of the loan agreements comprise 97.0% of total residential real estate loans outstanding.

Non-performing Loans Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of non-performing loans, excluding covered loans and PCI loans, for the periods presented:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2017			2016
Balance at beginning of period	$	87,454		$	84,057
Additions, net	8,609			12,166
Return to performing status	(1,592		)	(2,006		)
Payments received	(5,614		)	(3,308		)
Transfer to OREO and other repossessed assets	(1,661		)	(2,080		)
Charge-offs	(1,280		)	(533		)
Net change for niche loans ⁽¹⁾	(6,937		)	1,203
Balance at end of period	$	78,979		$	89,499


(1)	This includes activity for premium finance receivables and indirect consumer loans.

PCI loans are excluded from non-performing loans as they continue to earn interest income from the related accretable yield, independent of performance with contractual terms of the loan. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 for further discussion of non-performing loans and the loan aging during the respective periods.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of the probable and reasonably estimable loan losses that our loan portfolio is expected to incur. The allowance for loan losses is determined quarterly using a methodology that incorporates important risk characteristics of each loan, as described below under “How We Determine the Allowance for Credit Losses” in this Item 2. This process is subject to review at each of our bank subsidiaries by the applicable regulatory authority, including the FRB of Chicago, the OCC, the State of Illinois and the State of Wisconsin.

Management determined that the allowance for loan losses was appropriate at March 31, 2017, and that the loan portfolio is well diversified and well secured, without undue concentration in any specific risk area. While this process involves a high degree of management judgment, the allowance for credit losses is based on a comprehensive, well documented, and consistently applied analysis of the Company’s loan portfolio. This analysis takes into consideration all available information existing as of the financial statement date, including environmental factors such as economic, industry, geographical and political factors. The relative level of allowance for credit losses is reviewed and compared to industry peers. This review encompasses levels of total non-performing loans, portfolio mix, portfolio concentrations, current geographic risks and overall levels of net charge-offs. Historical trending of both the Company’s results and the industry peers is also reviewed to analyze comparative significance.

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Allowance for Credit Losses, excluding covered loans

The following table summarizes the activity in our allowance for credit losses during the periods indicated.



	Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			March 31, 2016
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period	$	122,291		$	105,400
Provision for credit losses	5,316			8,423
Other adjustments	(56		)	(78		)
Reclassification to allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments	(138		)	(81		)
Charge-offs:
Commercial	641			671
Commercial real estate	261			671
Home equity	625			1,052
Residential real estate	329			493
Premium finance receivables—commercial	1,427			2,480
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	—			—
Consumer and other	134			107
Total charge-offs	3,417			5,474
Recoveries:
Commercial	273			629
Commercial real estate	554			369
Home equity	65			48
Residential real estate	178			112
Premium finance receivables—commercial	612			787
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	—			—
Consumer and other	141			36
Total recoveries	1,823			1,981
Net charge-offs	(1,594		)	(3,493		)
Allowance for loan losses at period end	$	125,819		$	110,171
Allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments at period end	1,811			1,030
Allowance for credit losses at period end	$	127,630		$	111,201
Annualized net charge-offs by category as a percentage of its own respective category’s average:
Commercial	0.03		%	0.00		%
Commercial real estate	(0.02		)	0.02
Home equity	0.32			0.52
Residential real estate	0.06			0.17
Premium finance receivables—commercial	0.13			0.29
Premium finance receivables—life insurance	0.00			0.00
Consumer and other	(0.02		)	0.20
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans	0.03		%	0.08		%
Net charge-offs as a percentage of the provision for credit losses	29.98		%	41.47		%
Loans at period-end, excluding covered loans	$	19,931,058		$	17,446,413
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of loans at period end	0.63		%	0.63		%
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of loans at period end	0.64		%	0.64		%

The allowance for credit losses, excluding the allowance for covered loan losses, is comprised of an allowance for loan losses, which is determined with respect to loans that we have originated, and an allowance for lending-related commitments. Our allowance for lending-related commitments is determined with respect to funds that we have committed to lend but for which funds have not yet been disbursed and is computed using a methodology similar to that used to determine the allowance for loan losses. The allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments totaled $1.8 million and $1.0 million as of March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, respectively.

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Additions to the allowance for loan losses are charged to earnings through the provision for credit losses. Charge-offs represent the amount of loans that have been determined to be uncollectible during a given period, and are deducted from the allowance for loan losses, and recoveries represent the amount of collections received from loans that had previously been charged off, and are credited to the allowance for loan losses. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for further discussion of activity within the allowance for loan losses during the period and the relationship with respective loan balances for each loan category and the total loan portfolio, excluding covered loans.

How We Determine the Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for loan losses includes an element for estimated probable but undetected losses and for imprecision in the credit risk models used to calculate the allowance. If the loan is impaired, the Company analyzes the loan for purposes of calculating our specific impairment reserves as part of the Problem Loan Reporting system review. A general reserve is separately determined for loans not considered impaired. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for further discussion of the specific impairment reserve and general reserve as it relates to the allowance for credit losses for each loan category and the total loan portfolio, excluding covered loans.

Specific Impairment Reserves:

Loans with a credit risk rating of a 6 through 9 are reviewed on a monthly basis to determine if (a) an amount is deemed uncollectible (a charge-off) or (b) it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan (impaired loan). If a loan is impaired, the carrying amount of the loan is compared to the expected payments to be reserved, discounted at the loan’s original rate, or for collateral dependent loans, to the fair value of the collateral less the estimated cost to sell. Any shortfall is recorded as a specific impairment reserve.

At March 31, 2017, the Company had $87.5 million of impaired loans with $40.0 million of this balance requiring $8.2 million of specific impairment reserves. At December 31, 2016, the Company had $90.5 million of impaired loans with $33.1 million of this balance requiring $6.4 million of specific impairment reserves. The most significant fluctuation in the recorded investment of impaired loans with specific impairment from December 31, 2016 to March 31, 2017 occurred within the home equity portfolio. The recorded investment and specific impairment reserves in this portfolio increased $1.9 million and $745,000, respectively, which was primarily the result of addition of one new non-performing loan in the first quarter of 2017 with recorded investment and specific impairment reserve of $1.6 million and $687,000, respectively. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for further discussion of impaired loans and the related specific impairment reserve.

General Reserves:

For loans with a credit risk rating of 1 through 7 that are not considered impaired loans, reserves are established based on the type of loan collateral, if any, and the assigned credit risk rating. Determination of the allowance is inherently subjective as it requires significant estimates, including the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans based on the average historical loss experience over a six-year period, and consideration of current environmental factors and economic trends, all of which may be susceptible to significant change.

We determine this component of the allowance for loan losses by classifying each loan into (i) categories based on the type of collateral that secures the loan (if any), and (ii) one of ten categories based on the credit risk rating of the loan, as described above under “Past Due Loans and Non-Performing Assets” in this Item 2. Each combination of collateral and credit risk rating is then assigned a specific loss factor that incorporates the following factors:


•	historical loss experience;


•	changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices not considered elsewhere in estimating credit losses;


•	changes in national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments that affect the collectibility of the portfolio;


•	changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of the loans;


•	changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff;

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•	changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of non-accrual loans, and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded loans;


•	changes in the quality of the bank’s loan review system;


•	changes in the underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans;


•	the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations; and


•	the effect of other external factors such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the bank’s existing portfolio.

In 2016, the Company modified its historical loss experience analysis by incorporating six-year average loss rate assumptions, for its historical loss experience to capture an extended credit cycle. The current six-year average loss rate assumption analysis is computed for each of the Company’s collateral codes. The historical loss experience is combined with the specific loss factor for each combination of collateral and credit risk rating which is then applied to each individual loan balance to determine an appropriate general reserve. The historical loss rates are updated on a quarterly basis and are driven by the performance of the portfolio and any changes to the specific loss factors are driven by management judgment and analysis of the factors described above. The Company also analyzes the three-, four- and five-year average historical loss rates on a quarterly basis as a comparison.

Home Equity and Residential Real Estate Loans:

The determination of the appropriate allowance for loan losses for residential real estate and home equity loans differs slightly from the process used for commercial and commercial real estate loans. The same credit risk rating system, Problem Loan Reporting system, collateral coding methodology and loss factor assignment are used. The only significant difference is in how the credit risk ratings are assigned to these loans.

The home equity loan portfolio is reviewed on a loan by loan basis by analyzing current FICO scores of the borrowers, line availability, recent line usage, an approaching maturity and the aging status of the loan. Certain of these factors, or combination of these factors, may cause a portion of the credit risk ratings of home equity loans across all banks to be downgraded. Similar to commercial and commercial real estate loans, once a home equity loan’s credit risk rating is downgraded to a 6 through 9, the Company’s Managed Asset Division reviews and advises the subsidiary banks as to collateral valuations and as to the ultimate resolution of the credits that deteriorate to a non-accrual status to minimize losses.

Residential real estate loans that are downgraded to a credit risk rating of 6 through 9 also enter the problem loan reporting system and have the underlying collateral evaluated by the Managed Assets Division.

Premium Finance Receivables:

The determination of the appropriate allowance for loan losses for premium finance receivables is based on the assigned credit risk rating of loans in the portfolio. Loss factors are assigned to each risk rating in order to calculate an allowance for credit losses. The allowance for loan losses for these categories is entirely a general reserve.

Methodology in Assessing Impairment and Charge-off Amounts

In determining the amount of impairment or charge-offs associated with collateral dependent loans, the Company values the loan generally by starting with a valuation obtained from an appraisal of the underlying collateral and then deducting estimated selling costs to arrive at a net appraised value. We obtain the appraisals of the underlying collateral typically on an annual basis from one of a pre-approved list of independent, third party appraisal firms. Types of appraisal valuations include “as-is,” “as-complete,” “as-stabilized,” bulk, fair market, liquidation and “retail sellout” values.

In many cases, the Company simultaneously values the underlying collateral by marketing the property to market participants interested in purchasing properties of the same type. If the Company receives offers or indications of interest, we will analyze the price and review market conditions to assess whether in light of such information the appraised value overstates the likely price and that a lower price would be a better assessment of the market value of the property and would enable us to liquidate the collateral. Additionally, the Company takes into account the strength of any guarantees and the ability of the borrower to provide value related to those guarantees in determining the ultimate charge-off or reserve associated with any impaired loans. Accordingly, the Company may charge-off a loan to a value below the net appraised value if it believes that an expeditious liquidation is desirable in the circumstance and it has legitimate offers or other indications of interest to support a value that is less than the net appraised

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value. Alternatively, the Company may carry a loan at a value that is in excess of the appraised value if the Company has a guarantee from a borrower that the Company believes has realizable value. In evaluating the strength of any guarantee, the Company evaluates

the financial wherewithal of the guarantor, the guarantor’s reputation, and the guarantor’s willingness and desire to work with the Company. The Company then conducts a review of the strength of a guarantee on a frequency established as the circumstances and conditions of the borrower warrant.

In circumstances where the Company has received an appraisal but has no third party offers or indications of interest, the Company may enlist the input of realtors in the local market as to the highest valuation that the realtor believes would result in a liquidation of the property given a reasonable marketing period of approximately 90 days. To the extent that the realtors’ indication of market clearing price under such scenario is less than the net appraised valuation, the Company may take a charge-off on the loan to a valuation that is less than the net appraised valuation.

The Company may also charge-off a loan below the net appraised valuation if the Company holds a junior mortgage position in a piece of collateral whereby the risk to acquiring control of the property through the purchase of the senior mortgage position is deemed to potentially increase the risk of loss upon liquidation due to the amount of time to ultimately market the property and the volatile market conditions. In such cases, the Company may abandon its junior mortgage and charge-off the loan balance in full.

In other cases, the Company may allow the borrower to conduct a “short sale,” which is a sale where the Company allows the borrower to sell the property at a value less than the amount of the loan. Many times, it is possible for the current owner to receive a better price than if the property is marketed by a financial institution which the market place perceives to have a greater desire to liquidate the property at a lower price. To the extent that we allow a short sale at a price below the value indicated by an appraisal, we may take a charge-off beyond the value that an appraisal would have indicated.

Other market conditions may require a reserve to bring the carrying value of the loan below the net appraised valuation such as litigation surrounding the borrower and/or property securing our loan or other market conditions impacting the value of the collateral.

Having determined the net value based on the factors such as those noted above and compared that value to the book value of the loan, the Company arrives at a charge-off amount or a specific reserve included in the allowance for loan losses. In summary, for collateral dependent loans, appraisals are used as the fair value starting point in the estimate of net value. Estimated costs to sell are deducted from the appraised value to arrive at the net appraised value. Although an external appraisal is the primary source of valuation utilized for charge-offs on collateral dependent loans, alternative sources of valuation may become available between appraisal dates. As a result, we may utilize values obtained through these alternating sources, which include purchase and sale agreements, legitimate indications of interest, negotiated short sales, realtor price opinions, sale of the note or support from guarantors, as the basis for charge-offs. These alternative sources of value are used only if deemed to be more representative of value based on updated information regarding collateral resolution. In addition, if an appraisal is not deemed current, a discount to appraised value may be utilized. Any adjustments from appraised value to net value are detailed and justified in an impairment analysis, which is reviewed and approved by the Company’s Managed Assets Division.

TDRs

At March 31, 2017, the Company had $39.7 million in loans modified in TDRs. The $39.7 million in TDRs represents 85 credits in which economic concessions were granted to certain borrowers to better align the terms of their loans with their current ability to pay. The balance decreased from $41.7 million representing 89 credits at December 31, 2016 and decreased from $52.6 million representing 102 credits at March 31, 2016.

Concessions were granted on a case-by-case basis working with these borrowers to find modified terms that would assist them in retaining their businesses or their homes and attempt to keep these loans in an accruing status for the Company. Typical concessions include reduction of the interest rate on the loan to a rate considered lower than market and other modification of terms including forgiveness of a portion of the loan balance, extension of the maturity date, and/or modifications from principal and interest payments to interest-only payments for a certain period. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this report for further discussion regarding the effectiveness of these modifications in keeping the modified loans current based upon contractual terms.

Subsequent to its restructuring, any TDR that becomes nonaccrual or more than 90 days past-due and still accruing interest will be included in the Company’s non-performing loans. Each TDR was reviewed for impairment at March 31, 2017 and approximately $2.9 million of impairment was present and appropriately reserved for through the Company’s normal reserving methodology in

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the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Additionally, at March 31, 2017, the Company was not committed to lend additional funds to borrowers under the contractual terms of TDRs.

The table below presents a summary of restructured loans for the respective periods, presented by loan category and accrual status:



	March 31,			December 31,			March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2017			2016			2016
Accruing TDRs:
Commercial	$	4,607		$	4,643		$	5,143
Commercial real estate	18,923			19,993			25,548
Residential real estate and other	4,862			5,275			4,258
Total accruing TDRs	$	28,392		$	29,911		$	34,949
Non-accrual TDRs: ⁽¹⁾
Commercial	$	1,424		$	1,487		$	82
Commercial real estate	7,338			8,153			14,340
Residential real estate and other	2,515			2,157			3,184
Total non-accrual TDRs	$	11,277		$	11,797		$	17,606
Total TDRs:
Commercial	$	6,031		$	6,130		$	5,225
Commercial real estate	26,261			28,146			39,888
Residential real estate and other	7,377			7,432			7,442
Total TDRs	$	39,669		$	41,708		$	52,555
Weighted-average contractual interest rate of TDRs	4.37		%	4.33		%	4.35		%


(1)	Included in total non-performing loans.

TDR Rollforward

The tables below present a summary of TDRs as of March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, and shows the changes in the balance during those periods:



Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 (Dollars in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate and Other			Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	6,130		$	28,146		$	7,432		$	41,708
Additions during the period	95			1,245			173			1,513
Reductions:
Charge-offs	(28		)	(120		)	(77		)	(225		)
Transferred to OREO and other repossessed assets	—			—			(96		)	(96		)
Removal of TDR loan status ⁽¹⁾	—			(683		)	—			(683		)
Payments received	(166		)	(2,327		)	(55		)	(2,548		)
Balance at period end	$	6,031		$	26,261		$	7,377		$	39,669


(1)	Loan was previously classified as a TDR and subsequently performed in compliance with the loan's modified terms for a period of six months (including over a calendar year-end) at a modified interest rate which represented a market rate at the time of restructuring. Per our TDR policy, the TDR classification is removed.

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate and Other			Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	5,747		$	38,707		$	7,399		$	51,853
Additions during the period	42			8,521			160			8,723
Reductions:
Charge-offs	(20		)	(424		)	—			(444		)
Transferred to OREO and other repossessed assets	—			—			—			—
Removal of TDR loan status ⁽¹⁾	—			(4,417		)	—			(4,417		)
Payments received	(544		)	(2,499		)	(117		)	(3,160		)
Balance at period end	$	5,225		$	39,888		$	7,442		$	52,555


(1)	Loan was previously classified as a TDR and subsequently performed in compliance with the loan's modified terms for a period of six months (including over a calendar year-end) at a modified interest rate which represented a market rate at the time of restructuring. Per our TDR policy, the TDR classification is removed.

Other Real Estate Owned

In certain circumstances, the Company is required to take action against the real estate collateral of specific loans. The Company uses foreclosure only as a last resort for dealing with borrowers experiencing financial hardships. The Company employs extensive contact and restructuring procedures to attempt to find other solutions for our borrowers. The tables below present a summary of other real estate owned, excluding covered other real estate owned, and shows the activity for the respective periods and the balance for each property type:



	Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2016
Balance at beginning of period	$	40,282		$	35,050		$	43,945
Disposal/resolved	(2,644		)	(5,850		)	(6,766		)
Transfers in at fair value, less costs to sell	2,268			667			3,291
Transfers in from covered OREO subsequent to loss share expiration	760			4,213			—
Additions from acquisition	—			7,230			1,064
Fair value adjustments	(802		)	(1,028		)	(532		)
Balance at end of period	$	39,864		$	40,282		$	41,002



	Period End
(Dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016
Residential real estate	$	7,597	$	8,063	$	11,006
Residential real estate development	1,240		1,349		2,320
Commercial real estate	31,027		30,870		27,676
Total	$	39,864	$	40,282	$	41,002

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Deposits

Total deposits at March 31, 2017 were $21.7 billion, an increase of $2.5 billion, or 13%, compared to total deposits at March 31, 2016. See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this report for a summary of period end deposit balances.

The following table sets forth, by category, the maturity of time certificates of deposit as of March 31, 2017:



Time Certificates of Deposit Maturity/Re-pricing Analysis As of March 31, 2017 (Dollars in thousands)	CDARs & Brokered Certificates of Deposit ⁽¹⁾		MaxSafe Certificates of Deposit ⁽¹⁾		Variable Rate Certificates of Deposit ⁽²⁾		Other Fixed Rate Certificates of Deposit ⁽¹⁾		Total Time Certificates of Deposits		Weighted-Average Rate of Maturing Time Certificates of Deposit ⁽³⁾
1-3 months	$	43,578	$	47,371	$	132,858	$	673,994	$	897,801	0.62	%
4-6 months	535		30,294		—		597,665		628,494		0.76	%
7-9 months	1,252		19,845		—		701,548		722,645		0.94	%
10-12 months	1,494		19,652		—		709,879		731,025		0.97	%
13-18 months	3,034		14,025		—		797,334		814,393		1.08	%
19-24 months	—		8,905		—		126,543		135,448		0.99	%
24+ months	1,249		20,362		—		269,595		291,206		1.36	%
Total	$	51,142	$	160,454	$	132,858	$	3,876,558	$	4,221,012	0.91	%


(1)	This category of certificates of deposit is shown by contractual maturity date.


(2)	This category includes variable rate certificates of deposit and savings certificates with the majority repricing on at least a monthly basis.


(3)	Weighted-average rate excludes the impact of purchase accounting fair value adjustments.

The following table sets forth, by category, the composition of average deposit balances and the relative percentage of total average deposits for the periods presented:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2017				December 31, 2016				March 31, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)	Balance		Percent		Balance		Percent		Balance		Percent
Non-interest bearing	$	5,787,034	27	%	$	5,902,439	27	%	$	4,939,746	26	%
NOW and interest bearing demand deposits	2,512,598		12		2,533,638		12		2,331,298		12
Wealth management deposits	2,082,285		10		2,232,450		10		1,591,638		9
Money market	4,407,902		21		4,480,699		21		4,109,657		22
Savings	2,227,024		10		2,087,494		10		1,743,181		9
Time certificates of deposit	4,236,861		20		4,232,982		20		3,941,559		22
Total average deposits	$	21,253,704	100	%	$	21,469,702	100	%	$	18,657,079	100	%

Total average deposits for the first quarter of 2017 were $21.3 billion, an increase of $2.6 billion, or 14%, from the first quarter of 2016. The increase in average deposits is primarily attributable to additional deposits associated with the Company's bank acquisitions as well as increased commercial lending relationships. The Company continues to see a beneficial shift in its deposit mix as average non-interest bearing deposits increased $847.3 million, or 17%, in the first quarter of 2017 compared to the first quarter of 2016.

Wealth management deposits are funds from the brokerage customers of WHI, the trust and asset management customers of the Company and brokerage customers from unaffiliated companies which have been placed into deposit accounts of the banks (“wealth management deposits” in the table above). Wealth Management deposits consist primarily of money market accounts. Consistent with reasonable interest rate risk parameters, these funds have generally been invested in loan production of the banks as well as other investments suitable for banks.

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Brokered Deposits

While the Company obtains a portion of its total deposits through brokered deposits, the Company does so primarily as an asset-liability management tool to assist in the management of interest rate risk, and the Company does not consider brokered deposits to be a vital component of its current liquidity resources. Historically, brokered deposits have represented a small component of the Company’s total deposits outstanding, as set forth in the table below:



	March 31,						December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2017			2016			2016			2015			2014
Total deposits	$	21,730,441		$	19,217,071		$	21,658,632		$	18,639,634		$	16,281,844
Brokered deposits	1,254,288			947,910			1,159,475			862,026			718,986
Brokered deposits as a percentage of total deposits	5.8		%	4.9		%	5.4		%	4.6		%	4.4		%

Brokered deposits include certificates of deposit obtained through deposit brokers, deposits received through the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Program (“CDARS”), and wealth management deposits of brokerage customers from unaffiliated companies which have been placed into deposit accounts of the banks.

Other Funding Sources

Although deposits are the Company’s primary source of funding its interest-earning assets, the Company’s ability to manage the types and terms of deposits is somewhat limited by customer preferences and market competition. As a result, in addition to deposits and the issuance of equity securities and the retention of earnings, the Company uses several other funding sources to support its growth. These sources include short-term borrowings, notes payable, FHLB advances, subordinated debt, secured borrowings and junior subordinated debentures. The Company evaluates the terms and unique characteristics of each source, as well as its asset-liability management position, in determining the use of such funding sources.

The following table sets forth, by category, the composition of the average balances of other funding sources for the quarterly periods presented:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2017		2016		2016
FHLB advances	$	181,338	$	388,780	$	825,104
Other borrowings:
Notes payable	52,363		56,109		67,388
Short-term borrowings	52,002		34,279		55,056
Secured borrowings	132,577		131,539		116,104
Other	18,070		18,247		18,836
Total other borrowings	$	255,012	$	240,174	$	257,384
Subordinated notes	138,980		138,953		138,870
Junior subordinated debentures	253,566		253,566		257,687
Total other funding sources	$	828,896	$	1,021,473	$	1,479,045

FHLB advances provide the banks with access to fixed rate funds which are useful in mitigating interest rate risk and achieving an acceptable interest rate spread on fixed rate loans or securities. Additionally, the banks have the ability to borrow shorter-term, overnight funding from the FHLB for other general purposes. FHLB advances to the banks totaled $227.6 million at March 31, 2017, compared to $153.8 million at December 31, 2016 and $799.5 million at March 31, 2016.

Notes payable balances represent the balances on a $150 million loan agreement with unaffiliated banks consisting of a $75.0 million revolving credit facility and a $75.0 million term facility. Both loan facilities are available for corporate purposes such as to provide capital to fund continued growth at existing bank subsidiaries, possible future acquisitions and for other general corporate matters. At March 31, 2017, the Company had a balance under the term facility of $48.7 million compared to $52.4 million at December 31, 2016 and $63.7 million at March 31, 2016. The Company was contractually required to borrow the entire amount of the term facility on June 15, 2015 and all such borrowings must be repaid by June 15, 2020. At March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, the Company had no outstanding balance on the $75.0 million revolving credit facility.

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Short-term borrowings include securities sold under repurchase agreements and federal funds purchased. These borrowings totaled $39.2 million at March 31, 2017 compared to $61.8 million at December 31, 2016 and $47.7 million at March 31, 2016. Securities sold under repurchase agreements represent sweep accounts for certain customers in connection with master repurchase agreements at the banks. This funding category typically fluctuates based on customer preferences and daily liquidity needs of the banks, their customers and the banks’ operating subsidiaries.

The average balance of secured borrowings primarily represents a third party Canadian transaction ("Canadian Secured Borrowing"). Under the Canadian Secured Borrowing, in December 2014, the Company, through its subsidiary, FIFC Canada, sold an undivided co-ownership interest in all receivables owed to FIFC Canada to an unrelated third party in exchange for a cash payment of approximately C$150 million pursuant to a receivables purchase agreement (“Receivables Purchase Agreement”). The Receivables Purchase Agreement was amended in December 2015, effectively extending the maturity date from December 15, 2015 to December 15, 2017. Additionally, at that time, the unrelated third party paid an additional C$10 million, which increased the total payments to C$160 million. The proceeds received from these transactions are reflected on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition as a secured borrowing owed to the unrelated third party and translated to the Company’s reporting currency as of the respective date. The translated balance of the Canadian Secured Borrowing under the Receivables Purchase Agreement totaled $120.1 million at March 31, 2017 compared to $119.0 million at December 31, 2016 and $123.0 million at March 31, 2016. At March 31, 2017, the interest rate of the Canadian Secured Borrowing was 1.6888%.

Other borrowings include a fixed-rate promissory note entered into in August 2012 related to an office building complex owned by the Company and non-recourse notes issued by the Company to other banks related to certain capital leases. At March 31, 2017, the fixed-rate promissory note had a balance of $17.6 million compared to $17.7 million at December 31, 2016 and $18.1 million at March 31, 2016.

The Company had $253.6 million of junior subordinated debentures outstanding as of March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016. The amounts reflected on the balance sheet represent the junior subordinated debentures issued to eleven trusts by the Company and equal the amount of the preferred and common securities issued by the trusts. In January 2016, the Company acquired $15.0 million of the $40.0 million of trust preferred securities issued by Wintrust Capital Trust VIII from a third-party investor. The purchase effectively extinguished $15.0 million of junior subordinated debentures related to Wintrust Capital Trust VIII and resulted in a $4.3 million gain from the early extinguishment of debt. Starting in 2016, none of the junior subordinated debentures qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company resulting in $245.5 million of the junior subordinated debentures, net of common securities, being included in the Company's Tier 2 regulatory capital.

See Notes 10 and 11 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for details of period end balances and other information for these various funding sources.

Shareholders’ Equity

The following tables reflect various consolidated measures of capital as of the dates presented and the capital guidelines established by the FRB for a bank holding company:



	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		March 31, 2016
Leverage ratio	9.3	%	8.9	%	8.7	%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets	10.0		9.7		9.6
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets	8.9		8.6		8.4
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	12.2		11.9		12.1
Total average equity-to-total average assets⁽¹⁾	10.9		10.5		10.4


(1)	Based on quarterly average balances.

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	Minimum Capital Requirements		Well Capitalized
Leverage ratio	4.0	%	5.0	%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets	6.0		8.0
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets	4.5		6.5
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	8.0		10.0

The Company’s principal sources of funds at the holding company level are dividends from its subsidiaries, borrowings under its loan agreement with unaffiliated banks and proceeds from the issuances of subordinated debt and additional equity. Refer to Notes 10, 11 and 16 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 for further information on these various funding sources. Management is committed to maintaining the Company’s capital levels above the “Well Capitalized” levels established by the FRB for bank holding companies.

The Company’s Board of Directors approves dividends from time to time, however, the ability to declare a dividend is limited by the Company's financial condition, the terms of the Company's Series C and Series D preferred stock, the terms of the Company’s Trust Preferred Securities offerings and under certain financial covenants in the Company’s revolving and term facilities. In January of 2017, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.14 per common share. In January, April, July and October of 2016, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.12 per common share.

See Note 16 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for details on the Company’s issuance of Series D and Series C preferred stock in June 2015 and March 2012, respectively, as well as details on the Company's offering of common stock in June 2016. The Company hereby incorporates by reference Note 16 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report in its entirety.

LIQUIDITY

Wintrust manages the liquidity position of its banking operations to ensure that sufficient funds are available to meet customers’ needs for loans and deposit withdrawals. The liquidity to meet these demands is provided by maturing assets, liquid assets that can be converted to cash and the ability to attract funds from external sources. Liquid assets refer to money market assets such as Federal funds sold and interest bearing deposits with banks, as well as available-for-sale debt securities which are not pledged to secure public funds.

The Company believes that it has sufficient funds and access to funds to meet its working capital and other needs. Please refer to Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation - Interest-Earning Assets, -Deposits, -Other Funding Sources and -Shareholders’ Equity sections of this report for additional information regarding the Company’s liquidity position.

INFLATION

A banking organization’s assets and liabilities are primarily monetary. Changes in the rate of inflation do not have as great an impact on the financial condition of a bank as do changes in interest rates. Moreover, interest rates do not necessarily change at the same percentage as inflation. Accordingly, changes in inflation are not expected to have a material impact on the Company. An analysis of the Company’s asset and liability structure provides the best indication of how the organization is positioned to respond to changing interest rates. See “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks” section of this report for additional information.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This document contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of federal securities laws. Forward-looking information can be identified through the use of words such as “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “contemplate,” “possible,” “point,” “will,” “may,” “should,” “would” and “could.” Forward-looking statements and information are not historical facts, are premised on many factors and assumptions, and represent only management’s expectations, estimates and projections regarding future events. Similarly, these statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed below and the Risk Factors discussed under Item 1A of the Company’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K and in any of the Company’s subsequent SEC filings. The Company intends such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and is including this statement for purposes of

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invoking these safe harbor provisions. Such forward-looking statements may be deemed to include, among other things, statements relating to the Company’s future financial performance, the performance of its loan portfolio, the expected amount of future credit reserves and charge-offs, delinquency trends, growth plans, regulatory developments, securities that the Company may offer from time to time, and management’s long-term performance goals, as well as statements relating to the anticipated effects on financial condition and results of operations from expected developments or events, the Company’s business and growth strategies, including future acquisitions of banks, specialty finance or wealth management businesses, internal growth and plans to form additional de novo banks or branch offices. Actual results could differ materially from those addressed in the forward-looking statements as a result of numerous factors, including the following:


•	negative economic conditions that adversely affect the economy, housing prices, the job market and other factors that may affect the Company’s liquidity and the performance of its loan portfolios, particularly in the markets in which it operates;


•	the extent of defaults and losses on the Company’s loan portfolio, which may require further increases in its allowance for credit losses;


•	estimates of fair value of certain of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which could change in value significantly from period to period;


•	the financial success and economic viability of the borrowers of our commercial loans;


•	commercial real estate market conditions in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin;


•	the extent of commercial and consumer delinquencies and declines in real estate values, which may require further increases in the Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses;


•	inaccurate assumptions in our analytical and forecasting models used to manage our loan portfolio;


•	changes in the level and volatility of interest rates, the capital markets and other market indices that may affect, among other things, the Company’s liquidity and the value of its assets and liabilities;


•	competitive pressures in the financial services business which may affect the pricing of the Company’s loan and deposit products as well as its services (including wealth management services), which may result in loss of market share and reduced income from deposits, loans, advisory fees and income from other products;


•	failure to identify and complete favorable acquisitions in the future or unexpected difficulties or developments related to the integration of the Company’s recent or future acquisitions;


•	unexpected difficulties and losses related to FDIC-assisted acquisitions, including those resulting from our loss-sharing arrangements with the FDIC;


•	any negative perception of the Company’s reputation or financial strength;


•	ability of the Company to raise additional capital on acceptable terms when needed;


•	disruption in capital markets, which may lower fair values for the Company’s investment portfolio;


•	ability of the Company to use technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands and create efficiencies in operations and to manage risks associated therewith;


•	adverse effects on our information technology systems resulting from failures, human error or cyberattack, any of which could result in an information or security breach, the disclosure or misuse of confidential or proprietary information, significant legal and financial losses and reputational harm;


•	adverse effects of failures by our vendors to provide agreed upon services in the manner and at the cost agreed, particularly our information technology vendors;


•	increased costs as a result of protecting our customers from the impact of stolen debit card information;


•	accuracy and completeness of information the Company receives about customers and counterparties to make credit decisions;


•	ability of the Company to attract and retain senior management experienced in the banking and financial services industries;


•	environmental liability risk associated with lending activities;


•	the impact of any claims or legal actions to which the Company is subject, including any effect on our reputation;


•	losses incurred in connection with repurchases and indemnification payments related to mortgages and increases in reserves associated therewith;


•	the loss of customers as a result of technological changes allowing consumers to complete their financial transactions without the use of a bank;


•	the soundness of other financial institutions;


•	the expenses and delayed returns inherent in opening new branches and de novo banks;


•	examinations and challenges by tax authorities;


•	changes in accounting standards, rules and interpretations and the impact on the Company’s financial statements;


•	the ability of the Company to receive dividends from its subsidiaries;


•	a decrease in the Company’s regulatory capital ratios, including as a result of further declines in the value of its loan portfolios, or otherwise;


•	legislative or regulatory changes, particularly changes in regulation of financial services companies and/or the products and services offered by financial services companies, including those resulting from the Dodd-Frank Act;


•	a lowering of our credit rating;


•	changes in U.S. monetary policy;

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•	restrictions upon our ability to market our products to consumers and limitations on our ability to profitably operate our mortgage business resulting from the Dodd-Frank Act;


•	increased costs of compliance, heightened regulatory capital requirements and other risks associated with changes in regulation and the current regulatory environment, including the Dodd-Frank Act;


•	the impact of heightened capital requirements;


•	increases in the Company’s FDIC insurance premiums, or the collection of special assessments by the FDIC;


•	delinquencies or fraud with respect to the Company’s premium finance business;


•	credit downgrades among commercial and life insurance providers that could negatively affect the value of collateral securing the Company’s premium finance loans;


•	the Company’s ability to comply with covenants under its credit facility; and


•	fluctuations in the stock market, which may have an adverse impact on the Company’s wealth management business and brokerage operation.

Therefore, there can be no assurances that future actual results will correspond to these forward-looking statements. The reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement made by the Company. Any such statement speaks only as of the date the statement was made or as of such date that may be referenced within the statement. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that arise after the date the forward-looking statement was made. Persons are advised, however, to consult further disclosures management makes on related subjects in its reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and in its press releases.

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ITEM 3

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISKS

As an ongoing part of its financial strategy, the Company attempts to manage the impact of fluctuations in market interest rates on net interest income. This effort entails providing a reasonable balance between interest rate risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and maintenance of yield. Asset-liability management policies are established and monitored by management in conjunction with the boards of directors of the banks, subject to general oversight by the Risk Management Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. The policies establish guidelines for acceptable limits on the sensitivity of the market value of assets and liabilities to changes in interest rates.

Interest rate risk arises when the maturity or re-pricing periods and interest rate indices of the interest earning assets, interest bearing liabilities, and derivative financial instruments are different. It is the risk that changes in the level of market interest rates will result in disproportionate changes in the value of, and the net earnings generated from, the Company’s interest earning assets, interest bearing liabilities and derivative financial instruments. The Company continuously monitors not only the organization’s current net interest margin, but also the historical trends of these margins. In addition, management attempts to identify potential adverse changes in net interest income in future years as a result of interest rate fluctuations by performing simulation analysis of various interest rate environments. If a potential adverse change in net interest margin and/or net income is identified, management would take appropriate actions with its asset-liability structure to mitigate these potentially adverse situations.

Since the Company’s primary source of interest bearing liabilities is from customer deposits, the Company’s ability to manage the types and terms of such deposits is somewhat limited by customer preferences and local competition in the market areas in which the banks operate. The rates, terms and interest rate indices of the Company’s interest earning assets result primarily from the Company’s strategy of investing in loans and securities that permit the Company to limit its exposure to interest rate risk, together with credit risk, while at the same time achieving an acceptable interest rate spread.

The Company’s exposure to interest rate risk is reviewed on a regular basis by management and the Risk Management Committees of the boards of directors of the banks and the Company. The objective of the review is to measure the effect on net income and to adjust balance sheet and derivative financial instruments to minimize the inherent risk while at the same time maximize net interest income.

The following interest rate scenarios display the percentage change in net interest income over a one-year time horizon assuming increases of 100 and 200 basis points and decreases of 100 basis points. The Static Shock Scenario results incorporate actual cash flows and repricing characteristics for balance sheet instruments following an instantaneous, parallel change in market rates based upon a static (i.e. no growth or constant) balance sheet. Conversely, the Ramp Scenario results incorporate management’s projections of future volume and pricing of each of the product lines following a gradual, parallel change in market rates over twelve months. Actual results may differ from these simulated results due to timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and management strategies. The interest rate sensitivity for both the Static Shock and Ramp Scenarios at March 31, 2017, December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016 is as follows:



Static Shock Scenarios	+200 Basis Points		+100 Basis Points		-100 Basis Points
March 31, 2017	17.7	%	9.3	%	(13.2	)%
December 31, 2016	18.5	%	9.6	%	(13.2	)%
March 31, 2016	16.4	%	8.9	%	(8.7	)%



Ramp Scenarios	+200 Basis Points		+100 Basis Points		-100 Basis Points
March 31, 2017	7.3	%	3.9	%	(4.8	)%
December 31, 2016	7.6	%	4.0	%	(5.0	)%
March 31, 2016	7.5	%	3.7	%	(3.7	)%

One method utilized by financial institutions, including the Company, to manage interest rate risk is to enter into derivative financial instruments. Derivative financial instruments include interest rate swaps, interest rate caps and floors, futures, forwards, option contracts and other financial instruments with similar characteristics. Additionally, the Company enters into commitments to fund certain mortgage loans (interest rate locks) to be sold into the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery

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of mortgage loans to third party investors. See Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this report for further information on the Company’s derivative financial instruments.

During the first quarter of 2017 and 2016, the Company entered into certain covered call option transactions related to certain securities held by the Company. The Company uses these option transactions (rather than entering into other derivative interest rate contracts, such as interest rate floors) to economically hedge positions and compensate for net interest margin compression by increasing the total return associated with the related securities through fees generated from these options. Although the revenue received from these options is recorded as non-interest income rather than interest income, the increased return attributable to the related securities from these options contributes to the Company’s overall profitability. The Company’s exposure to interest rate risk may be impacted by these transactions. To mitigate this risk, the Company may acquire fixed rate term debt or use financial derivative instruments. There were no covered call options outstanding as of March 31, 2017.

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ITEM 4

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer carried out an evaluation under their supervision, with the participation of other members of management as they deemed appropriate, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as contemplated by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. Based upon, and as of the date of that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective, in all material respects, in timely alerting them to material information relating to the Company (and its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in the periodic reports the Company is required to file and submit to the SEC under the Exchange Act.

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) during the period that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

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PART II —

Item 1: Legal Proceedings

In accordance with applicable accounting principles, the Company establishes an accrued liability for litigation and threatened litigation actions and proceedings when those actions present loss contingencies which are both probable and estimable. In actions for which a loss is reasonably possible in future periods, the Company determines whether it can estimate a loss or range of possible loss. To determine whether a possible loss is estimable, the Company reviews and evaluates its material litigation on an ongoing basis, in conjunction with any outside counsel handling the matter, in light of potentially relevant factual and legal developments. This review may include information learned through the discovery process, rulings on substantive or dispositive motions, and settlement discussions.

On January 15, 2015, Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. (“Lehman Holdings”) sent a demand letter asserting that Wintrust Mortgage must indemnify it for losses arising from loans sold by Wintrust Mortgage to Lehman Brothers Bank, FSB under a Loan Purchase Agreement between Wintrust Mortgage, as successor to SGB Corporation, and Lehman Brothers Bank. The demand was the precursor for triggering the alternative dispute resolution process mandated by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. Lehman Holdings triggered the mandatory alternative dispute resolution process on October 16, 2015. On February 3, 2016, following a ruling by the federal Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit that was adverse to Lehman Holdings on the statute of limitations that is applicable to similar loan purchase claims, Lehman Holdings filed a complaint against Wintrust Mortgage and 150 other entities from which it had purchased loans in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. The mandatory mediation was held on March 16, 2016, but did not result in a consensual resolution of the dispute. The court entered a case management order governing the litigation on November 1, 2016. Lehman Holdings filed an amended complaint against Wintrust Mortgage on December 29, 2016. Wintrust Mortgage moved to dismiss the amended complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and improper venue. This motion remains pending before the court.

The Company has reserved an amount for the Lehman Holdings action that is immaterial to its results of operations or financial condition. Such litigation and threatened litigation actions necessarily involve substantial uncertainty and it is not possible at this time to predict the ultimate resolution or to determine whether, or to what extent, any loss with respect to these legal proceedings may exceed the amounts reserved by the Company.

On August 28, 2015, Wintrust Mortgage received a demand from RFC Liquidating Trust asserting that Wintrust Mortgage is liable to it for losses arising from loans sold by Wintrust Mortgage or its predecessors to Residential Funding Company LLC and/or related entities. No litigation has been initiated and the range of liability is not reasonably estimable at this time and it is not foreseeable when sufficient information will become available to provide a basis for recording a reserve, should a reserve ultimately be required.

In addition, the Company and its subsidiaries, from time to time, are subject to pending and threatened legal action and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business.

Based on information currently available and upon consultation with counsel, management believes that the eventual outcome of any pending or threatened legal actions and proceedings described above, including our ordinary course litigation, will not have a material adverse effect on the operations or financial condition of the Company. However, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters, if unfavorable, may be material to the results of operations or financial condition for a particular period.

Item 1A: Risk Factors

There were no material changes from the risk factors set forth under Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.

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Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

No purchases of the Company’s common shares were made by or on behalf of the Company or any “affiliated purchaser” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, during the three months ended March 31, 2017. There is currently no authorization to repurchase shares of outstanding common stock.

Item 6: Exhibits:


(a)	Exhibits



31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document (1)

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

(1)

Includes the following financial information included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Condition, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



		WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION (Registrant)
Date:	May 9, 2017	/s/ DAVID L. STOEHR
		David L. Stoehr
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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INDEX OF EXHIBITS



Exhibit No.		Exhibit Description
31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document (1)

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

(1)