Y-mAbs Therapeutics, Inc. - Quarter Report: 2021 March (Form 10-Q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒      QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021

OR

☐      TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from          to

Commission file number 001-38650

Y-mAbs Therapeutics, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

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230 Park Avenue

Suite 3350

New York, NY 10169

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(646)-885-8505

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  ☒ No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ☒ No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  ☐ No  ☒.

There were 43,571,419 shares of Common Stock ($0.0001 par value) outstanding as of May 4, 2021.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our business strategy, future operations and results thereof, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects, current and prospective products, product approvals, research and development costs, current and prospective collaborations, timing and likelihood of success, plans and objectives of management, expected market growth and future results of current and anticipated products, are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “contemplate,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words.

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We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described in Part II, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms "”Y-mAbs,” "company," "we," "us," and "our" in this document refer to Y-mAbs Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and, where appropriate, its subsidiaries.

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We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. We have included important factors in the cautionary statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, particularly in the “Risk Factors” section, that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, licensing agreements, collaborations, joint ventures or investments that we may make.

SUMMARY OF RISK FACTORS

Our business is subject to a number of risks, including risks that may prevent us from achieving our business objectives or may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and prospects.

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These risks are discussed more fully below and include, but are not limited to, risks related to:

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You should read this Quarterly Report and the documents we have filed as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from the plans, intentions, and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we may make.

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.  Financial Statements.

Y-MABS THERAPEUTICS, INC.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

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Y-MABS THERAPEUTICS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Net Income/(Loss) and Comprehensive Income/(Loss)

(unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

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Y-MABS THERAPEUTICS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(unaudited)

(In thousands, except share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

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Y-MABS THERAPEUTICS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited)

(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

NOTE 1—ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Y mAbs Therapeutics, Inc. (“we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company,” or “Y-mAbs”) is a commercial stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of novel, antibody based therapeutic products for the treatment of cancer. We are leveraging our proprietary antibody platforms and deep expertise in the field of antibodies to develop a broad portfolio of innovative medicines.

The Company is headquartered in New York and was incorporated on April 30, 2015 under the laws of the State of Delaware.

NOTE 2—BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Except for the quarter ended March 31, 2021, the Company has incurred losses since inception. Operations of the Company are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including, among others, uncertainty of drug candidate development; technological uncertainty; uncertainty regarding patents and proprietary rights; uncertainty in obtaining FDA approval in the United States and regulatory approval in other jurisdictions; marketing or sales capability or experience; uncertainty in getting adequate payer coverage and reimbursement; dependence on key personnel; compliance with government regulations and the need to obtain additional financing. The Company’s drug candidates currently under development will require significant additional research and development efforts, including extensive pre-clinical and clinical testing and regulatory approval, prior to commercialization. These efforts require significant amounts of additional capital, adequate personnel infrastructure and extensive compliance reporting capabilities.

The Company’s drug candidates are in various stages of development. DANYELZA (naxitamab-gqgk) was approved by the U.S. FDA in November 2020, but there can be no assurance that the Company’s other research and development will be successfully completed, that adequate protection for the Company’s intellectual property will be obtained, that any products developed will obtain necessary government regulatory approval or that any approved products will be commercially viable. Even if the Company’s product development efforts are successful, it is uncertain when, if ever, the Company will generate significant revenue from product sales. The Company operates in an environment of rapid change in technology and substantial competition from pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies.

The Company’s financial statements have been prepared on the basis of continuity of operations, realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. The Company has experienced negative cash flows from operations since inception, and had an accumulated deficit of $251.8 million as of March 31, 2021 and $285.2 million as of December 31, 2020. Through March 31, 2021, the Company has funded its operations primarily through proceeds from sales of shares of its common stock, including its initial public offering in September 2018 and its subsequent public offerings in November 2019 and February 2021.

On February 22, 2021, the Company announced the closing of its public offering of 2,804,878 shares of its common stock, at a public offering price of $41.00 per share, which includes the exercise in full of the underwriters' option to purchase 365,853 additional shares of common stock. The aggregate gross proceeds to the Company, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company, were approximately $115 million.

As of March 31, 2021, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $252.3 million, and as of December 31, 2020 the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $114.6 million. As of the issuance date of the financial statements for the first quarter ended March 31, 2021, the Company expects that its cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2021 will be sufficient to fund its operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements through at least the next 12 months, irrespective of whether any additional product approvals are obtained.

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The Company may raise additional capital to fund future operations through the sale of its equity securities, incurring debt, entering into licensing or collaboration agreements with partners, grants or other sources of financing. Sufficient funds may not be available to the Company on attractive terms or at all when needed from equity or debt financing. If FDA approval for omburtamab does not occur or is significantly delayed, and the Company is unable to obtain additional financing from these or other sources when needed, it will likely be necessary to take other actions to enhance its liquidity position which may include significantly reducing the current rate of spending through delaying, scaling back current operations, or suspending certain research and development programs and other operational programs.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information, Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 270-10 and with the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited interim financial statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring nature) necessary in the judgment of management for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date of this filing. Operating results for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 2021, any other interim periods, or any future year or period. The December 31, 2020 consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. You should read these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

NOTE 3—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Our signifcant accounting policies are detailed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Operating Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement includes a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. In determining the net present value of lease payments, the Company uses its estimated incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the lease commencement date. Because most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate of return, an incremental borrowing rate is used based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments on an individual lease basis. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the estimated rate of interest it would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms.

The Company’s leases may include options to extend or terminate the lease which are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that it will exercise any such options. None of the Company’s leases contain any residual value guarantees. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. Related variable lease costs incurred are not material to the Company.

The Company currently elects the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify. This means, for those leases that qualify, we will not recognize right-of-use assets or liabilities, and this includes not recognizing right-of-use assets or liabilities for existing short-term leases of those assets in transition. We also elect the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all of our leases. The Company has made an accounting policy election to account for each separate lease component of a contract and its associated non-lease components as a single lease component. See the Lease Agreements section in Note 8 for the related disclosures.

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Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less from date of purchase to be cash equivalents. All cash and cash equivalents are held in highly rated securities including a Treasury money market fund which is unrestricted as to withdrawal or use. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates its fair value due to its short-term and liquid nature. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses on its cash and cash equivalents, and we do not anticipate any losses with respect to such cash balances. While we maintain cash balances in excess of insured limits within a limited number of financial institutions, we mitigate our risk by maintaining the majority of our cash and equivalents with high quality financial institutions.

Trade Accounts Receivables

The Company’s trade accounts receivable balance consists of amounts due from sales of our approved product, DANYELZA. Receivables from product sales are recorded net of allowances which generally include chargebacks, doubtful accounts, returns, and discounts. The company accrues allowances based on the estimation of each individual sales transaction.

The Company has not experienced any write-offs related to our customers and has not recognized any allowance for doubtful accounts.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company product sales are made through arrangements primarily with two national speciality distributors in the United States of America. As of March 31, 2021, the receivables balances from such distributors totaled 96% of our outstanding accounts receivable. The Company has contractual payment terms with each of its customers and the Company monitors their financial performance, historical payment terms and credit worthiness to timely assess and respond to any changes in their credit profile.

Inventory

The Company values its inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company’s inventory cost includes amounts related to materials, third-party contract manufacturing, third-party packaging services, freight, labor costs for personnel involved in the manufacturing process, and indirect overhead costs. Raw and intermediate materials that may be utilized for both commercial and clinical programs are identical and given the alternative future use such amounts are initially classified as inventory. Amounts in inventory associated with clinical development programs are charged to research and development expense when the product enters the research and development process and can no longer be used for commercial purposes and, therefore, does not have an alternative future use.

The Company performs an assessment of the recoverability of capitalized inventory during each reporting period, and writes down any excess and obsolete inventories to their estimated realizable value in the period in which the impairment is first identified. Such impairment charges, should they occur, are recorded within cost of sales. The determination of whether inventory costs will be realizable requires estimates by management. No inventory write-downs occurred in the three months ended March 31, 2021.

The Company capitalizes inventory costs related to products to be sold in the ordinary course of business. The Company makes a determination of capitalizing inventory costs for a product based on, among other factors, status of regulatory approval, information regarding safety, efficacy and expectations relating to commercial sales and recoverability of costs. For DANYELZA, the Company commenced capitalization of inventory at the receipt of FDA approval.

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Fair Value Measurements

Certain assets and liabilities are carried at fair value under GAAP. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e. an exit price). The accounting guidance includes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

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• Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

• Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and

• Level 3 — Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which include management's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk.

Cash equivalents held in money market funds are valued using other significant observable inputs, which represent a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The Company has no other cash equivalents.

The following tables present the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its cash equivalents, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

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During the quarter ended March 31, 2021, there were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, net product revenues, the accrual for research and development expenses, the accrual of milestone and royalty payments, and the valuation of stock options. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will directly or indirectly impact our business, results of operations and financial condition, including expenses, manufacturing, clinical trials, research and development costs and employee-related amounts, will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain, including as a result of new information that may emerge concerning COVID-19 and the actions taken to contain it or treat COVID-19, as well as the economic impact on local, regional, national and international markets. We have made estimates of the impact of COVID-19 within our financial statements and there may be changes to those estimates in future periods. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

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Revenue Recognition - Product revenue

We recognize revenue from sales of DANYELZA at a point in time when our customer is deemed to have obtained control of the product, which generally occurs upon receipt at the end-user hospital.

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The amount of revenue we recognize from sales of DANYELZA varies due to rebates, chargebacks and discounts provided under governmental and other programs, distribution related fees and other sales-related deductions. In order to determine those deductions, we estimate, utilizing the expected value method, the amount of revenue that we will ultimately be entitled to. This estimate is based upon contracts with customers and government agencies, statutorily-defined discounts applicable to government-funded programs, estimated payor mix, and other relevant factors. Calculating these amounts involves estimates and judgments.

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Revenue Recognition - License revenue

The Company received FDA approval of DANYELZA in November 2020 and entered into exclusive licensing and distribution agreements for DANYELZA and omburtamab in certain international territories resulting in total license revenue of $20.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.

In December 2020, the Company entered into a development and commercialization arrangement with SciClone International Pharamceuticals Ltd. (“SciClone”) for certain indications of DANYELZA and omburtamab within China. As part of the agreement, we received a nonrefundable up-front fee of $20,000,000 for the transfer of the license and know-how related to the product indications. The Company may receive regulatory-based milestone payments up to $40,000,000 and sales-based milestone payments up to $60,000,000 and is entitled to royalties based upon the net sales generated by SciClone related to the product indications in the territory. We considered the license to be distinct from other promises within the arrangement based on the rights and know-how transferred, late-stage development of the underlying indications and anticipated lack of significant involvement required from the joint steering committee associated with the indications. Accordingly, the full transaction price of $20,000,000 was recognized upon transferring of the license and know-how to SciClone. The future potential regulatory milestone amounts were not included in the transaction price, as they were all determined to be fully constrained following the concepts of ASC 606. As part of our evaluation of the regulatory milestones constraint, we determined that the achievement of such milestones are contingent upon regulatory approvals which are not within our control and therefore not deemed probable. We expect that the sales-based milestone payments and royalty arrangements will be recognized when the related sales occur or the milestone is achieved. We will re-evaluate the transaction price each quarter and as uncertain events are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur, we assess whether this resolves the constraint and revenue will be recognized. We also considered that the manufacturing and supply terms, including within the arrangement, did not represent a material right to SciClone at inception as the terms reflected stand-alone selling price for similar goods or services.

There was no license revenue generated for three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020.

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Segment Information

The Company is engaged solely in the discovery and development of novel antibody-based therapeutic products for the treatment of cancer. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it operates in one operating segment.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements - Adopted

In March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2020-04 (“ASU 2020-04”), Reference rate reform (Topic 848)—Facilitation of the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments in this Update provide optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects) of reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments in this Update provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to contracts, hedging relationships, and other

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transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments in this Update are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The adoption of this standard on January 1, 2021 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-12 (“ASU 2019-12”), Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in this Update affect entities within the scope of Topic 740, Income Taxes, and are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of this standard on January 1, 2021 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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NOTE 4—PRODUCT REVENUE

The Company’s product revenues were generated from sales of DANYELZA and totaled $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. There were no product sales during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

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Revenue from product sales is recorded net of applicable provisions for rebates, chargebacks, discounts, distribution-related fees and other sales-related deductions. Accruals for chargebacks and discounts are recorded as a direct reduction to accounts receivable. Accruals for rebates, distribution-related fees and other sales-related deductions are recorded within accrued liabilities. As of March 31, 2021, the company had recorded accounts receivable allowances of approximately $184,000 and accrued liabilities of $614,000 related to product sales during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

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Substantially all of the Company’s product sales were in the United States. The Company had product sales to certain customers that accounted for more than 10% of total gross product revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Mckesson and Cardinal Health accounted for 80% and 16%, respectively, of our gross product revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021. 

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NOTE 5—NET LOSS PER SHARE

Basic net loss per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income or loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average common stock outstanding. Diluted EPS is calculated by adjusting weighted average common shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of common stock options and restricted stock units. In periods in which a net loss is recorded, no effect is given to potentially dilutive securities, since the effect would be antidilutive. Securities that could potentially dilute basic EPS in the future were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so would have been antidilutive. The calculations of basic and diluted net loss per share are as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

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Potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share relate to stock options outstanding totaled 1,177,600 shares as of March 31, 2021 and 4,721,824 shares as of March 31, 2020.

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NOTE 6—INVENTORY

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

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NOTE 7—ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Accrued short-term liabilities at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

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NOTE 8—LICENSE AGREEMENTS AND COMMITMENTS

As of March 31, 2021, the Company has entered into two license agreements and certain other agreements with Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (“MSK”). The license agreements, as previously disclosed in our annual report on Form 10-K, are the MSK License and the CD33 License Agreement. In addition, the Company entered into the SADA License Agreement with MSK and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (“MIT”) in 2020. Through a 2019 Settlement and Assumption and Assignment of the MSK License and Y-mAbs Sublicense Agreement (“SAAA”) with MabVax, Inc. (“MabVax”) and MSK, the Company has established a direct license with MSK relating to the GD2-GD3 Vaccine, which was originally sublicensed by the Company in 2018 from MabVax. These license agreements with MSK and MIT grant the Company certain patent rights and intellectual property rights, and in consideration thereof, the Company agreed to make certain payments and issue shares of the Company’s common stock to MSK and MIT. Certain of the payments are contingent milestone and royalty payments, as disclosed in the table below. Amounts disclosed in Note 7 for accrued milestone and royalty payments are inclusive of obligations under the MSK License, CD33 License Agreement and SADA License Agreement, collectively.

We have the following significant license agreements and related commitments which include all obligations that have been paid or accrued as of and for the period ending March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

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As of March 31, 2021, the Company has $1.8 million of intangible assets related to DANYELZA that were recorded under the MSK license and are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.

The below table represents the maximum clinical, regulatory or sales-based milestones as reflected within the agreements, certain of which have been paid in prior periods or are accrued as presented in the table above (in thousands):

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Minimum royalties and certain clinical and regulatory milestones that become due based upon the passage of time under the CD33 License Agreement, the SADA Agreement and the MabVax Agreement are not recorded as a liability as the Company does not consider such obligations to be probable as of March 31, 2021.

Other agreements

We have also entered into various other support agreements with MSK including a sponsored research agreement to provide research services related to the intellectual property licensed under the MSK License Agreement; a master data services agreement, for services provided by approximately five full-time employees at MSK, who are engaged in transferring clinical data, databases, regulatory files and other know-how included in the MSK License Agreement to the Company; a master clinical trial agreement pursuant to which we committed to fund certain clinical trials at MSK; two separate core facility service agreements pursuant to which we committed to obtaining certain laboratory services from MSK; and in October 2020 we entered into a SADA sponsored research agreement pursuant to which we agreed to pay MSK to provide research services over a period of three years related to the intellectual property licensed under the SADA License Agreement. For three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we incurred research and development expenses of $0.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively, under these agreements.

Lease Agreements

In July 2019, the Company entered a development, manufacturing and supply agreement with SpectronRx in South Bend, Indiana, to secure access to clinical and commercial scale radiolabeling capacity for omburtamab. Under the terms of the agreement, SpectronRx has agreed to establish a manufacturing unit designated for the Company within its existing facilities, at which both clinical and commercial supply of radiolabeled omburtamab can be produced. Since the Company possesses the right to substantially all the economic benefits and directs the use of the production area, the Company accounts for the payments related to the access to the manufacturing space under ASC 842 as an operating lease. The term of the lease is two years from the commencement date of August 31, 2020. Upon the lease commencement date, we recorded $3.6 million as right-of-use asset and $2.7 million as lease liability with the difference of $0.9 million resulting from certain prepayments and other costs incurred. The company pays equal monthly installments of approximately $0.1 million per month in additional access fees through September 2022 resulting in total payments of $2.0 million remaining under the agreement. There are no renewal options in this agreement.

In February 2019, the Company entered into a lease agreement in connection with its 4,548 square feet laboratory in New Jersey. In December 2019, we expanded the space with an additional 235 square feet. The term of the lease is three years from the date the Company occupied the premises, with an option to extend for an additional two years which the Company expects to exercise and has included in the determination of the related lease liability. Fixed rent payable under the lease is approximately $144,000 per annum and is payable in equal monthly installments of approximately $12,000.

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January 2018, the Company entered into a lease agreement in connection with its corporate headquarters in New York. The term of the lease is five years from the date the Company begins to occupy the premises. Fixed rent payable under the lease is approximately $384,000 per annum and is payable in equal monthly installments of approximately $32,000, which are recognized on a straight line basis.

Additionally, the Company entered a three-year lease agreement for the lease of certain office space in Denmark in February 2018, as amended in November 2018 and February 2019. The lease is payable in monthly installments of approximately $19,000, which are recognized on a straight line basis.

Total operating lease costs were $646,000 and $174,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the expenses were recorded as $587,000 in research and development expense and $59,000 in general and administrative expense. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the expenses were recorded as $123,000 in research and development expense and $51,000 in general and administrative expense.

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $544,000 and $188,000, respectively, and was included in net cash used in operating activities in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Maturities of operating lease liabilities at March 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

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Maturities of operating lease liabilities at December 31, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

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Operating lease liabilities are based on the net present value of the remaining lease payments over the remaining lease term. In determining the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its estimate of its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date. As of March 31, 2021, the weighted average remaining lease term is 1.97 years and the weighted average discount rate used to determine the operating lease liability was 7.6%. As of March 31, 2020, the weighted average remaining lease term is 3.51 years and the weighted average discount rate used to determine the operating lease liability was 11.0%.

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NOTE 9—STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Authorized Stock

As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company has authorized a total of 105,500,000 shares, 100,000,000 of which are common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 5,500,000 of which are preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

Common Stock

Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote. Common stockholders are entitled to receive dividends, as may be declared by the board of directors, if any, subject to preferential dividend rights of the preferred stock, none of which have been issued. The Company had issued 43,548,419 shares of its common stock as of March 31, 2021 and 40,688,447 shares of its common stock as of December 31, 2020.

Preferred Stock

Preferred stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series with such designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions as approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. No preferred stock has been issued as of March 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020.

Stock grant agreements with non-employees

In August 2015, we entered into certain stock grant agreements with non employees of the Company. We agreed to issue a total of 2,800,000 shares to two non employee researchers who were involved in the development of technology licensed from MSK in consideration for their prior service. The shares are released according to a vesting schedule. A total of 560,000 shares were issued in 2015, and a total of 448,000 shares issued in each of 2016 and 2017. In 2018, a total of 544,000 shares were issued to the two researchers, whereby one of the two grants was fully issued. In 2019 a total of 400,000 shares were issued to one of the physicians, and the remaining 400,000 shares were issued in August 2020, subject to certain conditions. No future shares will be issued under this award. The total award was expensed at its estimated fair value in 2015, as no future service was required to continue to vest in and receive the shares.

In April 2020, in connection with the SADA License Agreement, we entered into certain stock grant agreements pursuant to which we agreed to issue a total of 213,996 shares to two non employee researchers who were involved in the development of the SADA technology licensed from MSK and MIT in consideration for their prior service. All 213,996 shares were issued in April 2020 into escrow with 40% of the shares immediately vesting at the time of issuance and the remaining 60% of the shares subject to vesting ratably over the next three years on the anniversary date of the agreement. The shares are subject to forfeiture to the extent the SADA License Agreement is terminated prior to the vesting of the shares. There is no cash settlement feature, and no future service is required for researchers to vest and receive the shares. While the shares vest over time, there is no performance condition for the shares. In April 2020, we recorded an expense within research and development totaling $7,376,000 related to the shares which represents the fair value of the shares on the grant date.

In July 2020, pursuant to the stock grant agreements, we also loaned the two researchers a total of $2,610,000 related to their individual tax payments due in conjunction with the stock grants. Each of the loans are evidenced by a three year Secured Promissory Note. The outstanding principal amounts of the loans, together with all accrued interest thereon at the rate of 1% per annum, is due and payable on the maturity date of the loans. The loans are secured by Pledge and Security Agreements, pursuant to which the researchers have pledged the shares as security for repayment of the loans with interest rates that are at market. The loans are recorded at amortized cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature and minimal changes in market interest rates.

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Issuance of common stock

On February 22, 2021, we completed a third public offering of our common stock pursuant to which we issued and sold 2,804,878 shares of our common stock at a price to the public of $41.00 per share which included the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. We received aggregate gross proceeds from our secondary public offering of $115.0 million, or aggregate net proceeds of approximately $107.7 million.

NOTE 10—SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

2015 Equity Incentive Plan

Our board of directors and stockholders have approved and adopted the 2015 Plan, which provided for the grant of incentive stock options, within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code (the Internal Revenue Code), to our employees and any parent and subsidiary corporations’ employees, and for the grant of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and restricted stock units to our employees, directors and consultants and our parent and subsidiary corporations’ employees and consultants. A total of 4,500,000 shares of our common stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to the 2015 Plan. Options granted under the 2015 Plan vest according to the schedule specified in the grant agreements, which is generally a four-year period and generally become immediately exercisable upon the occurrence of a change in control, as defined. Upon the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan’) becoming effective in September 2018, no further grants are allowed under the 2015 Plan.

2018 Equity Incentive Plan

Our board of directors and stockholders approved and adopted the 2018 Plan, which became effective upon the Company’s initial public offering in September 2018 and which provides for the grant of incentive stock options, within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code (the Internal Revenue Code), to our employees and any parent and subsidiary corporations’ employees, and for the grant of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and restricted stock units to our employees, directors and consultants and our parent and subsidiary corporations’ employees and consultants. A total of 5,500,000 shares of our common stock, inclusive of the awards previously granted under the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, are reserved for issuance pursuant to the 2018 Plan. In addition, the number of shares available for issuance under the 2018 Plan will also include an annual increase on the first day of each fiscal year beginning in 2019, equal to 4% of the outstanding shares of common stock as of the last day of our immediately preceding fiscal year. The exercise price of options granted under the plans must at least be equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The term of an incentive stock option may not exceed 10 years, except that with respect to any participant who owns more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of our outstanding stock, the term must not exceed five years and the exercise price must equal at least 110% of the fair market value on the grant date. The administrator will determine the methods of payment of the exercise price of an option, which may include cash, shares or other property acceptable to the administrator, as well as other types of consideration permitted by applicable law. Options granted under the 2018 Plan vest according to the schedule specified in the grant agreements, which is generally a four-year period and generally become immediately exercisable upon the occurrence of a change in control, as defined.

Stock Option Valuation

During the three-month periods ended March 31, 2021, there were no new stock options granted. During the three month periods ended in March 31, 2021 and 2020, stock-based compensation for stock option grants were $4,629,000 and $2,188,000, respectively, for options granted to employees and directors. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the expenses were recorded as $1,692,000 in research and development expense and $2,937,000 in

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general and administrative expense. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the expenses were recorded as $489,000 in research and development expense and $1,699,000 in general and administrative expense.

The following table summarizes common stock options issued and outstanding:

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The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $16.94. No stock options were granted during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the stock options and the fair value of the Company’s common stock for those stock options that had exercise prices lower than the fair value of the Company’s common stock. The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. We estimate our expected share price volatility based on the historical volatility of a group of publicly traded peer companies and we expect to continue to do so until such time as we have adequate historical data regarding the volatility of our own traded share price. The expected term of our stock options has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method for awards as we have limited historical data to support the expected term assumption. The risk free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. The expected dividend yield is based on the fact that we have never paid cash dividends on shares of our common stock and do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

As of March 31, 2021, we had $47.6 million of unrecognized compensation related to employee stock options that are expected to vest over a period of 2.92 years. As of March 31, 2020, we had $25.9 million of unrecognized compensation related to employee stock options that are expected to vest over a period of 3.03 years.

Restricted Stock Unit Activity

During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, stock-based compensation for restricted stock unit grants was $69,000 and $23,000, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the expenses were recorded as $63,000 in research and development expense and $6,000 in general and administrative expense. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the expenses were recorded as $21,000 in research and development expense and $2,000 in general and administrative expense.

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The following table summarizes restricted stock units issued and outstanding:

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As of March 31, 2021, we had $523,000 of unrecognized compensation related to employee restricted stock units that are expected to vest over a period of 1.96 years. As of March 31, 2020, we had $486,000 of unrecognized compensation related to employee restricted stock units that are expected to vest over a period of 2.54 years.

NOTE 11—RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

MSK is a shareholder of the Company. Under the MSK License Agreement, SADA License Agreement, the CD33 License Agreement, and various other supporting agreements with MSK, we have expensed costs in the total amount of $948,000 and $1,049,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for milestones, and research and development costs, under these agreements with MSK. Please refer to Note 8 – License Agreements and Commitments for additional details on our agreements with MSK. As of March 31, 2021, we had a total of $487,000 recorded as accounts payable, $5,903,000 as accrued liabilities, thereby totaling $6,390,000 due to MSK. As of December 31, 2020, we had a total of $833,000 recorded as accounts payable, $7,161,000 as accrued liabilities, thereby totaling $7,994,000 due to MSK.

NOTE 12—INCOME TAXES

The Company provided no current and deferred income taxes on net income of $33,413,000 and net loss of $26,179,000 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The Company recognizes income tax benefits for tax positions determined more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the positions. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company has determined that there were no uncertain tax positions. The Company’s tax returns for years 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, and 2015 are open for tax examination by U.S. federal and state, and the Danish tax authorities.

The Company maintains a full valuation allowance on its U.S. and foreign deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance related primarily to net U.S. deferred tax assets from operating losses, and research and development tax credit carryforwards. The assessment regarding whether a valuation allowance is required considers both positive and negative evidence when determining whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets are recoverable. In making this assessment, significant weight is given to evidence that can be objectively verified. In its evaluation, the Company considered its cumulative losses historically and in recent years and its forecasted losses in the near term as significant negative evidence. Based upon review of available positive and negative evidence, the Company determined that the negative evidence outweighed the positive evidence and a full valuation allowance on its U.S. and foreign deferred tax assets will be maintained. The Company will continue to assess the realizability of its deferred tax assets and will adjust the valuation allowance as needed.

NOTE 13—OTHER BENEFITS

The Company has adopted a defined contribution 401(k) savings plan (the “401(k) plan”) covering all U.S. employees of the Company. Participants may elect to defer a percentage of their pretax or after-tax compensation to the

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401(k) plan, subject to defined limitations. The plan allows for a discretionary match by the Company. The Company made no matching contributions to the plan during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

The Company has established a retirement program for employees of the Company’s Danish subsidiary pursuant to which all such employees can contribute an amount at their election from their base compensation and may receive contributions from our Danish subsidiary. No contributions from our Danish subsidiary were made during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. In addition, health insurance benefits for our Danish employees are fully paid for by such employees. Our Danish subsidiary does not incur any costs for these health insurance benefits.

NOTE 14-GAIN FROM SALE OF PRIORITY REVIEW VOUCHER

On December 28, 2020, the Company announced that it entered into a definitive agreement to sell its DANYELZA Priority Review Voucher to United Therapeutics Corporation for $105,000,000. The PRV was granted in conjunction with the approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) of DANYELZA, for the treatment of refractory/relapsed high-risk neuroblastoma. Under the terms of the Company’s license agreement with MSK, Y-mAbs retained 60% of the net proceeds received from the sale, and the remaining 40% was paid to MSK. The transaction closed on January 21, 2021 once the substantive closing conditions included within the agreement were resolved. The Company recognized a net gain of $62,010,000 during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 related to the sale.

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Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our accompanying financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 on file with the SEC. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business and related financing, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, including those factors set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our actual results could differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis. For convenience of presentation some of the numbers have been rounded in the text below.

Overview

We are a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of novel, antibody based therapeutic products for the treatment of cancer. We are leveraging our proprietary antibody platforms and deep expertise in the field of antibodies to develop a broad portfolio of innovative medicines.

On November 25, 2020, DANYELZA® (naxitamab-gqgk) was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, for the treatment, in combination with Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, or GM-CSF, of pediatric patients one year of age and older and adult patients with relapsed or refractory, or R/R, high-risk neuroblastoma, or NB, in the bone or bone marrow who have demonstrated a partial response, minor response, or stable disease to prior therapy. DANYELZA is currently being investigated in three Phase 2 clinical studies for the treatment of patients with first-line NB, third-line NB, and in relapsed osteosarcoma. We are commercializing DANYELZA in the United States. In addition, we have an ongoing Phase 2 trial at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, or MSK, with our GD2-GD3 Vaccine for the treatment of Stage 4 high-risk NB. We believe the GD2-GD3 Vaccine can potentially serve as an add-on treatment to DANYELZA.

We submitted a Biologics License Application, or BLA, to the FDA for radiolabeled 131I-omburtamab for central nervous system, or CNS, leptomeningeal metastases, or LM, from NB in August 2020, and received a Refusal to File letter from the FDA in October 2020. We are in the process of preparing a resubmission of the BLA and we plan to continue to discuss our resubmission plans with the FDA, including a Type B meeting in June 2021 in order to amend the BLA. Assuming a positive outcome of these discussions, we aim at resubmitting our BLA for omburtamab by the

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end of the second quarter of 2021 or the third quarter of 2021. We plan to commercialize omburtamab as soon as possible after obtaining FDA approval, if such approval occurs. On April 27, 2021, we submitted a European Marketing Authorization Application, or MAA, for omburtamab. Additionally, we are conducting clinical studies with omburtamab in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, or DIPG, and desmoplastic small round cell tumor, or DSRCT. We also have an omburtamab follow-on product candidate, ¹⁷⁷Lu-omburtamab-DTPA, in Phase 1 for the treatment of medulloblastoma, and in Phase 1 for treatment in adults targeting B7-H3 positive CNS/LM tumors.

We are advancing a new generation of T cell engaging bispecific antibodies, or BsAbs, that may destroy tumor cells by recruitment of host T cells. Our Y-BiClone format contains two binding arms for the tumor target and two binding arms for T cells. This format was designed to have the minimal binding affinity necessary to recruit T cells. We have successfully opened an investigational new drug application, or IND, for our Phase 2 trial with nivatrotamab, our GD2 BsAb product candidate, in Small Cell Lung Cancer, or SCLC. In addition, a Phase 1/2 trial with nivatrotamab, for the treatment of refractory GD2 positive adult and pediatric solid tumors is ongoing. Our nivatrotamab program thus addresses large patient populations. We are also advancing a CD33 BsAb for the treatment of hematological cancers expressing CD33, a transmembrane receptor expressed on cells of myeloid lineage, which we expect to enter clinical testing in 2021. We are advancing a pipeline of other novel BsAbs through late pre-clinical development. We believe our BsAbs have the potential to result in improved tumor binding, longer serum half-life and significantly greater T cell mediated killing of tumor cells without the need for continuous infusion.

We are using our proprietary radioimmunotherapy platform to advance a series of antibody constructs based on the SADA technology, where bispecific antibody fragments bind to the tumor before a radioactive payload is injected in a two-step approach. We also refer to the SADA technology as Liquid Radiation^TM. We have designated GD2-SADA for potential use in GD2 positive solid tumors, B7-H3-SADA for potential use in prostate cancer, GPA33-SADA for potential use in colon cancer, and HER2-SADA for potential use in breast cancer as our first SADA constructs, and expect to file an IND for GD2-SADA in 2021. We believe the SADA technology could potentially improve the efficacy of radiolabeled therapeutics in tumors that have not historically demonstrated meaningful responses to radiolabeled agents.

Our mission is to become the world leader in developing better and safer antibody-based pediatric oncology products addressing clear unmet medical needs and, as such, have a transformational impact on the lives of patients. We intend to advance and expand our product pipeline into certain adult cancer indications either independently or in collaboration with potential partners.

Since our inception on April 30, 2015, we have devoted substantially all of our resources to organizing and staffing our company, business planning, identifying potential product candidates, conducting pre-clinical studies of our product candidates and clinical trials of our lead product candidates, raising capital, and acquiring and developing our technology platform among other matters. We have not generated any substantial revenues from sales of DANYELZA which is currently our only approved product.

To date, we have financed our operations primarily through private placements of our securities, proceeds from our initial public offering and proceeds from our two subsequent public offerings.

On February 22, 2021, we completed our most recent follow-on public offering of our common stock pursuant to which we issued and sold 2,804,878 shares of our common stock at a price to the public of $41.00 per share, which included the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. We received aggregate gross proceeds from this Offering of $115.0 million, or aggregate net proceeds of approximately $107.7 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

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As of March 31, 2021, we had an accumulated deficit of $251.8 million. Our net income was $33.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and our net loss was $26.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. We have incurred significant net operating losses in every year since our inception and expect to continue to incur

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increasing net operating losses and significant expenses for the foreseeable future. Our net losses may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. We anticipate that our expenses will increase significantly as we:

In conjunction with the approval by the FDA of DANYELZA in November 2020 we received a Priority Review Voucher, or PRV, which we subsequently sold to United Therapeutics Corporation. We were obligated and paid 40% of the net proceeds to MSK. We intend to use the remaining proceeds to fund further research and development and other operational programs. The transaction closed in January 2021 upon the resolution of the substantive closing conditions, and was recognized as part of “Other Income, Net” in the quarter ended March 31, 2021. Upon the potential FDA approval of omburtamab, we expect to receive another PRV, and upon monetization thereof we will be obligated to pay 33% of the net proceeds to MSK.

Pursuant to the MSK License, we have obtained exclusive rights to MSK’s rights in our current antibody product candidates. Under the MSK License, we have committed to funding scientific research at MSK as well as conducting certain clinical trial activities at MSK. As these product candidates progress through clinical development, regulatory approval and commercialization, certain milestone payments will come due either as a result of the milestones having been met or the passage of time even if the milestones have not been met. Also, we will owe MSK customary royalties on commercial sales of our approved products, including a fixed minimum royalty which started in 2020. The fixed minimum amounts can be offset against the customer royalties. In addition, we have committed to obtain certain personnel and laboratory services at MSK under our Master Data Services Agreement, or MDSA, and two separate Core Facility Service Agreements, or CFSAs. Also, under our Investigator-Sponsored Master Clinical Trial Agreement, or MCTA, with MSK, we will provide drug product and funding for certain clinical trials at MSK.

On April 15, 2020, we entered into a license agreement, or the SADA License Agreement, with MSK and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT, that grants us an exclusive, worldwide, sublicensable license to certain patent and intellectual property rights developed by MSK and MIT to develop, make, and commercialize licensed products and to perform services for all therapeutic and diagnostic uses in the field of cancer diagnostics and cancer treatments using SADA-BiDE (2-step Self-Assembly and DisAssembly-Bispecific DOTA-Engaging antibody system) Pre-targeted Radioimmunotherapy Platform, or the SADA Technology, a concept we also refer to as Liquid Radiation^TM. The patents and patent applications covered by the SADA License Agreement are directed, in part, to the SADA Technology, as well as a number of SADA constructs developed by MSK. Upon entering into the SADA License Agreement in April 2020 and in exchange for the licenses, we paid MSK and MIT a cash upfront payment and issued an aggregate of 42,900 shares of our common stock to them.

As required under the SADA License Agreement, in October 2020, we entered into a Sponsored Research Agreement to fund at least $1,500,000 in scientific research at MSK over the next three years. Further, the SADA License Agreement requires us to pay to MSK and MIT mid to high single-digit royalties based on annual net sales of

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licensed products or the performance of licensed services by us and our affiliates and sublicensees. We are obligated to pay annual minimum royalties of $40,000, increasing to $60,000 once a patent has been issued, over the royalty term, commencing on the tenth anniversary of the license agreement. These amounts are non-refundable but are creditable against royalty payments otherwise due under the SADA License Agreement.

Under the SADA License, we are also obligated to pay MSK and MIT certain clinical, regulatory and sales-based milestone payments. Certain of the clinical and regulatory milestone payments become due at the earlier of completion of the related milestone activity or the date indicated in the SADA License Agreement. Total clinical and regulatory milestones potentially due under the SADA License Agreement are $4,730,000 and $18,125,000, respectively. There are also sales-based milestones, totaling $23,750,000, that become due should the Company achieve certain amounts of sales of licensed products. In addition, for each of the SADA constructs generated by MSK and sold for the Company by a sublicensee, the Company may pay sales milestones in the total amount up to $60,000,000 based on the achievement of various cumulative net sales made by the sub-licensee. Finally, under the terms of the SADA License, MSK is entitled to receive 25% of any income generated from the sale of any PRV or the sale of other comparable incentives provided by any non-U.S. jurisdiction.

These MSK agreements are important to our business. For a more detailed discussion of the terms and conditions of certain of these agreements, see Note 8 - License Agreements and Commitments.

For DANYELZA, and for any other product candidates for which we obtain regulatory approval, we expect to incur significant milestone costs, as well as commercialization expenses related to product sales, marketing, manufacturing and distribution. Accordingly, we may continue to fund our operations through public or private equity or debt financings or other sources, including strategic collaborations. We may, however, be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed on favorable terms or at all. Our failure to raise capital or enter into such other arrangements as and when needed would have a negative impact on our financial condition and our ability to develop our current product candidates, or any additional product candidates, if developed. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with the development of our existing product candidates and any future product candidates, our platform and technology and because the extent to which we may enter into collaborations with third parties for development of any of our product candidates is unknown, we are unable to estimate the amounts of increased capital outlays and operating expenses associated with completing the research and development of our product candidates. If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances, or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams, research programs, product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us and could have a negative impact on our financial condition.

Recent Developments

Since it was first reported to have emerged in December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus, which causes COVID-19, has spread around the world, including the New York metropolitan area and Copenhagen, Denmark, where our primary office and laboratory spaces are located. The coronavirus pandemic is evolving, and to date has led to the implementation of various responses, including government-imposed quarantines, travel restrictions and other public health safety measures. The extent to which the coronavirus impacts our operations or those of our third-party partners, including our pre-clinical studies, clinical trials, manufacturing operations and commercialization efforts, will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, including the duration of the outbreak, new information that will emerge concerning the severity of the coronavirus and the actions to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact, among others. We have taken temporary precautionary measures intended to help minimize the risk of the virus to our employees, including temporarily requiring all employees to work remotely, other than those performing or supporting business-critical functions, such as certain members of our laboratory staff, suspending all non-essential travel worldwide for our employees and employee attendance at industry events and in-person work-related meetings, which could negatively affect our business. For those employees that are performing or supporting business-critical functions, we have implemented stringent safety measures designed to comply with applicable US federal, state and local guidelines as well as Danish safety guidelines instituted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We cannot presently predict the scope and severity of the planned and potential shutdowns or disruptions of businesses and

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government agencies, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, the FDA or other domestic and international regulatory authorities.

SciClone Pharmaceuticals International Ltd., our collaboration partner for DANYELZA and omburtamab in Mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau received a Clinical Trial Waiver for DANYELZA in March 2021. Takeda Israel, our collaboration partner for DANYELZA and omburtamab covering the State of Israel, West Bank and Gaza Strip submitted the equivalent of a BLA to the Ministry of Health, Pharmaceutical Administration in March 2021 for DANYELZA in Israel.

Components of Our Results of Operations

Product Revenue

Product revenue consists of sales of DANYELZA.

Operating Costs and Expenses

Cost of goods sold

Cost of goods sold includes direct and indirect costs related to the manufacturing and distribution of DANYELZA, including third-party manufacturing costs, packaging services, freight, and third-party royalties payable on our net product revenues.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist of expenses incurred in connection with the discovery and development of our product candidates. We expense research and development costs as incurred. These expenses include:

The successful development and regulatory approval of our product candidates is highly uncertain. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate or know the nature, timing and costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the remainder of the development of DANYELZA and omburtamab or any future product candidates we may develop. This

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uncertainty is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with the duration and cost of clinical trials, which vary significantly over the life of a project as a result of many factors, including:

Our expenditures are subject to additional uncertainties, including the terms and timing of regulatory approvals. We may never succeed in achieving regulatory approval for omburtamab or any other product candidates we may develop.

A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of a product candidate could mean a significant change in the costs and timing associated with the development of that product candidate. For example, if the FDA or another regulatory authority were to require us to conduct clinical trials beyond those that we anticipate will be required for the completion of clinical development of a product candidate, or if we experience significant delays in our clinical trials due to patient enrollment or other reasons, we would be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time on the completion of clinical development.

Research and development activities are central to our business model. Product candidates in later stages of clinical development generally have higher development costs than those in earlier stages of clinical development, primarily due to the increased size and duration of later-stage clinical trials. We expect our research and development

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expenses to increase significantly over the next several years as we increase personnel costs, including stock-based compensation, conduct clinical trials and potentially prepare regulatory submissions for our pipeline candidates, including supplementary regulatory submissions for DANYELZA.

Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee related expenses, including salaries, bonus, benefits, and stock-based compensation expenses for personnel in executive, commercial, finance and administrative functions. Other significant costs include facility costs not otherwise included in research and development expenses or cost of goods sold, legal fees relating to corporate matters, and fees for patent, accounting, tax, and consulting services.

We anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will increase in the future to support continued research and development activities, potential commercialization of additional product candidates and costs associated with operating as a public company, including expenses related to services associated with maintaining compliance with exchange listing and the SEC requirements, director and officer insurance costs and investor and public relations costs. These increases will likely include increased costs related to the hiring of additional personnel and fees to outside consultants, lawyers and accountants, among other expenses.

Other Income, Net

On December 28, 2020, the Company announced that it entered into a definitive agreement to sell its DANYELZA Priority Review Voucher to United Therapeutics Corporation for $105 million. The PRV was granted in conjunction with the approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) of DANYELZA®, for the treatment of refractory/relapsed high-risk neuroblastoma. Under the terms of the Company’s license agreement with MSK, Y-mAbs retained 60% of the net proceeds received from the sale, and the remaining 40% was paid to MSK. The net of this sale after the broker fees to the company is $62 million. The transaction closed on January 21, 2021 when the substantive closing conditions included within the agreement were resolved.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. We believe that several accounting policies are significant to understanding our historical and future performance. We refer to these policies as critical because these specific areas generally require us to make judgments and estimates about matters that are uncertain at the time we make the estimate, and different estimates—which also would have been reasonable—could have been used. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those described in greater detail below. We base our estimates on historical experience and other market-specific or other relevant assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

While our significant accounting policies are described in more detail in the notes to our financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we believe the following accounting policies to be most critical to the judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, net product revenues, the accrual for research and development expenses, the accrual of milestone and royalty payments, and the valuation of

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stock options. Estimates are periodically reviewed in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will directly or indirectly impact our business, results of operations and financial condition, including expenses, manufacturing, clinical trials, research and development costs and employee-related amounts, will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain, including as a result of new information that may emerge concerning COVID-19 and the actions taken to contain it or treat COVID-19, as well as the economic impact on local, regional, national and international markets. We have made estimates of the impact of COVID-19 within our financial statements and there may be changes to those estimates in future periods. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Revenue Recognition - Product revenue

We recognize revenue from sales of DANYELZA at a point in time when our customer is deemed to have obtained control of the product, which generally occurs upon receipt at the end-user hospital.

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The amount of revenue we recognize from sales of DANYELZA varies due to rebates, chargebacks and discounts provided under governmental and other programs, distribution related fees and other sales-related deductions. In order to determine those deductions, we estimate, utilizing the expected value method, the amount of revenue that we will ultimately be entitled to. This estimate is based upon contracts with customers and government agencies, statutorily-defined discounts applicable to government-funded programs, estimated payor mix, and other relevant factors. Calculating these amounts involves estimates and judgments.

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Research and Development Expenses

Research and development costs are charged to operations when incurred and are included in operating expenses. Research and development costs consist principally of compensation cost for our employees and consultants that perform our research activities, the costs to obtain and maintain our licenses, the payments to third parties for manufacturing and clinical research organizations and additional product development, and consumables and other materials used in research and development. We record accruals for estimated ongoing research costs. When evaluating the adequacy of the accrued liabilities, we analyze progress of the studies or clinical trials, including the phase or completion of events, invoices received and contracted costs. Actual results could differ from our estimates. We are obligated to make certain milestone and royalty payments in accordance with the contractual terms of the MSK License, CD33 License, MabVax Sublicense, and SADA License based upon the resolution of certain contingencies. Certain of these milestone payments are due and payable with the passage of time whether or not the milestones have actually been met. We record the milestone and royalty payment when the achievement of the milestone (including the passage of time) or payment of the milestone or royalty is probable and the amount of the payment is reasonably estimable.

Fair Value Measurements

Certain assets and liabilities are carried at fair value under GAAP. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e. an exit price). The accounting guidance includes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

• Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

• Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and

• Level 3 — Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which include management's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk.

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The Company’s cash equivalents are carried at fair value, determined according to the fair value hierarchy described above.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes under the asset and liability approach for the financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to net operating loss carry forwards and temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. These assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is established when management determines that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

We prepare and file tax returns based on its interpretation of tax laws and regulations. In the normal course of business, our tax returns are subject to examination by various taxing authorities. Such examinations may result in future tax and interest assessments by these taxing authorities. In determining our tax provision for financial reporting purposes, we establish a reserve for uncertain tax positions unless such positions are determined to be more likely than not of being sustained upon examination based on their technical merits. We consider many factors when evaluating and estimating our tax positions and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments and which may not accurately anticipate actual outcomes. Accordingly, we will report a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from any uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return.

Our policy is to recognize, when applicable, interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as part of income tax expense.

Stock-Based Compensation

We measure stock options granted to employees, directors, and consultants based on the fair value on the date of the grant and recognize compensation expense of those awards, over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period of the respective award for employees and directors. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. We issue stock options to employees and directors with only service-based vesting conditions and record the expense for these awards using the straight-line method over the requisite service period.

The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Historically, we have been a private company and lack company-specific historical and implied volatility information for our shares. Therefore, we estimate our expected share price volatility based on the historical volatility of a group of publicly-traded peer companies and we expect to continue to do so until such time as we have adequate historical data regarding the volatility of our own traded share price. The expected term of our stock options has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method for awards as we have limited historical data to support the expected term assumption. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. The expected dividend yield is based on the fact that we have never paid cash dividends on shares of our common stock and do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

Fair Value of Stock Options

The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

The assumptions that the Company used to determine the fair value of the granted stock options were as follows:

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Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020: