Yangtze River Port & Logistics Ltd - Annual Report: 2014 (Form 10-K)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549 

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________to ___________

Commission File Number: 333-166343

KIRIN INTERNATIONAL HOLDING, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: +86 10 84554001

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐    No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐ No ☒ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ☒ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes   ☐  No ☒

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: $2,388,848. 

Number of the issuer’s common stock outstanding as of April 15, 2015: 20,596,546. 

Documents incorporate by reference: None. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING VOLUNTARY FILER STATUS

Kirin International Holding, Inc. is a “voluntary filer” with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. This means that the Company is not required to file Current and Periodic Reports with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Furthermore, the Company is not subject to the going private rules and certain tender offer regulations, and the beneficial holders of the Company’s securities do not need to report on acquisitions or depositions of the Company’s securities or their plans regarding their influence and control over the Company. Therefore the Company’s status a voluntary filer reduces investors’ rights to access significant information regarding the Company and its controlling shareholders.

The Company’s voluntary filer status may lead to its removal from the over the counter bulletin board, as Rule 6530 of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority provides that issuers must be required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 in order to remain listed.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Report”) contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements discuss matters that are not historical facts. Because they discuss future events or conditions, forward-looking statements may include words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “intend,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “may,” “seek,” “plan,” “might,” “will,” “expect,” “predict,” “project,” “forecast,” “potential,” “continue” negatives thereof or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are found at various places throughout this Report and include information concerning possible or assumed future results of our operations; business strategies; future cash flows; financing plans; plans and objectives of management; any other statements regarding future operations, future cash needs, business plans and future financial results, and any other statements that are not historical facts.

From time to time, forward-looking statements also are included in our other periodic reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K, in our press releases, in our presentations, on our website and in other materials released to the public.  Any or all of the forward-looking statements included in this Report and in any other reports or public statements made by us are not guarantees of future performance and may turn out to be inaccurate. These forward-looking statements represent our intentions, plans, expectations, assumptions and beliefs about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors.  Many of those factors are outside of our control and could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the events described in the forward-looking statements might not occur or might occur to a different extent or at a different time than we have described. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Report. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements concerning other matters addressed in this Report and attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this Report.

Except to the extent required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, a change in events, conditions, circumstances or assumptions underlying such statements, or otherwise.

USE OF CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS

In this Report, unless otherwise noted or as the context otherwise requires, “the Company,” “Kirin,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refers to the combined business of Kirin International Holding, Inc. (“Kirin International”), namely our wholly-owned subsidiary formed in British Virgin Islands, Kirin China Holding Limited formed (“Kirin China”), and Kirin China’s wholly-owned subsidiary Kirin Huaxia Development Limited, a holding company formed in Hong Kong (“Kirin Development”), and Kirin Development’s wholly-owned subsidiary Shijiazhuang Kirin Management Consulting Co., Ltd. (“Kirin Management”), a PRC holding company, and our variable interest entities Hebei Zhongding Real Estate Development Co., Ltd, a PRC company (“Hebei Zhongding”) and Xingtai Zhongding Jiye Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., a PRC Company (“Xingtai Zhongding”), as well as our four wholly-owned subsidiaries formed in California, Spectrum International Enterprise, LLC (“Spectrum International”), Brookhollow Lake, LLC (“Brookhollow Lake”), Greenfield International Corporation (“Greenfield International”), Kirin Hopkins Real estate (“Kirin Hopkins”), Newport Property Holding, LLC(“Newport Property”), Applecrate INC (“Applecrate”), Archway Development LLC ( “Archway”) and HHC-6055 Centre Drive LLC (“HHC-6055”).

PART I

Overview

Kirin is a Nevada corporation that operates through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Kirin China, a non-state-owned real estate development company focused on residential and commercial real estate development in “tier-three” cities in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). Tier-three cities are provincial capital cities with ordinary economic development and prefecture cities with relatively strong economic development. Kirin China’s projects are currently concentrated in Hebei Province of the PRC , primarily in the city of Xingtai, and nearby regions. Hebei Province is located in the North Region of the PRC. Kirin China intends to also focus on the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area, which comprises Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei Province, Liaoning Province and Shandong Province.

Our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $118.5 million, a decrease of $59.8 million, or approximately 33.5%, compared to $178.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. This decrease was mainly due to the following reason: The progress of construction of No.79 Courtyard and Kirin Bay in 2014 is less than the progress of construction of No.79 Courtyard and Kirin Bay in 2013. 1) The construction of NO. 79 Courtyard suspended for nearly 3 months in the first quarter of 2014. As announced by Housing and Construction Department of Hebei Province in September 2013, 15 Rules of Construction Dust Control Regulation (‘Construction Dust Control Regulation’) is applied for construction industry since October 1, 2013 in Hebei Province of People’s Republic of China. According to the Construction Dust Control Regulation, all construction sites in urban area must be closed when the weather condition is not favorable as a result of the construction dust, which mostly happens in winter. No. 79 Courtyard is located in urban area of Xingtai City, Hebei province, besides the impact of Chinese New Year holidays in the first quarter of 2014, as a result of the Construction Dust Control Regulation, No. 79 Courtyard was not permitted by local government to return to work until March 25, 2014, thus no progress of the POC for No. 79 Courtyard (Phase I, Phase II, Phase III) in the first quarter of 2014. 2) As a result of slowdown of macroeconomic environment of real estate in tier-three cities.

The Percentage of Completion (“POC”)  of No.79 Courtyard Phase I, Phase II, Phase III and Phase IV (started in 2014) for the year ended December 31, 2014 increase  1%, 29%, 33%, 45%, respectively, the POC of No.79 Courtyard Phase I, Phase II and Phase III for the year ended December 31, 2013 increase 30%, 59%, 54%, respectively; the POC of Kirin Bay Phase I, Phase II, Phase III and Phase IV  (started in 2014) for the year ended December 31, 2014 increase13%, 27%, 20%, 23%, respectively, the POC of Kirin Bay Phase I, Phase II and Phase III for the year ended December 31, 2013 increase 29%, 62%, 36%, respectively.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, No.79 Courtyard’s revenue was $45.7 million, a decrease of $46.7 million, or approximately 50.6%, as compared to $92.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, this decrease was mainly because No.79 courtyard Phase I contributes $51.0 million revenue for the year ended December 31, 2013, but only contributes $1.2 million revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014. No. 79 courtyard Phase I is being delivered to customers and the percentage of completion is 96.1% as of December 31, 2014.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, Kirin Bay’s revenue was $71.9 million, a decrease of $10.7 million, or approximately 13.0%, as compared to $82.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, this decrease was mainly due to a combined reason when Kirin Bay Phase I and Phase II’s revenue decreased by $30.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 as compared with the year ended December 31, 2013, meanwhile, Kirin Bay Phase III and Phase IV’s revenue increased by $19.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014 as compared with the year ended December 31, 2013. 

By the year ended December 31, 2014, No.79 Courtyard (Phase I), the construction of which commenced in the fourth quarter of 2011, met revenue recognition requirement  and reached a percentage-of-completion of 96.1%; No.79 Courtyard (Phase II), the construction of which commenced in the second quarter of 2013, met revenue recognition requirement and reached a percentage-of-completion of 88.0 %; No.79 Courtyard (Phase III), the construction of which commenced in the third quarter 2013, met revenue recognition requirement and reached a percentage-of-completion of 86.3 %; No.79 Courtyard (Phase IV), the construction of which commenced in the third quarter of 2014, met revenue recognition requirement and reached a percentage-of-completion of 44.9 %.

By the year ended December 31, 2014, Kirin Bay (Phase I), the construction of which commenced in fourth quarter of 2011, met the revenue recognition requirement and reached a percentage-of-completion of 98.3%; Kirin Bay (Phase II), the construction of which commenced in the first quarter of 2013, met revenue recognition requisition and reached a percentage-of-completion of 88.7; Kirin Bay (Phase III), the construction of which commenced in the second quarter of 2013, met revenue recognition requirement  and reached a percentage-of-completion of 55.4%; Kirin Bay (Phase IV), the construction of which commenced in the second quarter of 2014, met revenue recognition requirement  and reached a percentage –of-completion of 22.9%.

No.79 Courtyard and Kirin Bay are large-scale projects; their development is divided into four phases. No.79 Courtyard (Phase I) is being delivered to customers. We anticipate that No.79 Courtyard (Phase II and Phase III) will be delivered to customers in mid-to-late 2015 and No.79 Courtyard (Phase IV) is expected to be delivered to customers in late 2017. Kirin Bay (Phase I) is being delivered to customers, Kirin Bay (Phase II) will be delivered to customer in mid-to-late 2015, Kirin Bay (Phase III) is expected to be delivered to customer in late 2015 and Kirin Bay (Phase IV) is expected to be delivered to customers in late 2016.

Kirin County is a building complex of residences, commercial buildings and hotel-style apartments, the construction of which commenced in September 2009. The Kirin County Project has a total construction area of approximately 180,000 square meters. As of December 31 2014, we have completed 100% of the construction of the Kirin County Project. The residential portions of Kirin County Project have been delivered to customers in the year of 2012. Kirin County adjacent shopping arcade (Kirin Plaza), the construction of which commenced in the second quarter of 2011, which is expected to be delivered to customers in mid-2015.  

Corporate History

Prior to March 1, 2011, we were engaged in the business of offering smokeless cigarette. On March 1, 2011, we completed a reverse acquisition transaction through a share exchange with Kirin China whereby we acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Kirin China in exchange for 18,547,297 shares of our common stock, which represented approximately 98.4% of our total shares outstanding immediately following the closing of the Share Exchange (the “Share Exchange”). As a result of the Share Exchange, Kirin China became our wholly-owned subsidiary. We ceased our smokeless cigarette business and became a holding company, which through certain contractual arrangements with our variable interest entities in the PRC, engage in the development and operation of real estate in the PRC.

Organization & Subsidiaries 

Our wholly owned subsidiary, Kirin China owns all of the share capital of Kirin Development. Kirin Development owns all of the share capital of Kirin Management, a wholly foreign owned enterprise located in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province. In anticipation of the Share Exchange, on December 22, 2010, Kirin Management entered into a series of contractual arrangements, including an Entrusted Management Agreement, a Shareholders’ Voting Proxy Agreement and an Exclusive Option Agreement, with each of HebeiZhongding and XingtaiZhongding and their respective shareholders (the “Contractual Arrangements”). As a result of the Contractual Agreements, Kirin Management controls, and is entitled to the economic benefits of, HebeiZhongding and XingtaiZhongding. In turn, Iwamatsu Reien, the sole shareholder of the BVI Companies (as defined below), which are our principal stockholders, has entered into the Call Option Agreements with the Option Holders (as defined below) including Mr. Jianfeng Guo, the beneficial owner of HebeiZhongding and XingtaiZhongding, granting an option to the Option Holders to purchase all of the shares of the BVI Companies. Other than the parties thereto, the terms and conditions of the Contractual Arrangements entered into with HebeiZhongding and the terms and conditions of the Contractual Arrangements with XingtaiZhongding are the same.

Risks in Relation to the VIE Structure

The Ministry of Commerce of PRC (“MOFCOM”) published a discussion draft of the proposed Foreign Investment Law (the “Draft”) in January 2015 aiming to, upon its enactment, replace the trio of existing laws regulating foreign investment in China. The Draft embodies an expected PRC regulatory trend to rationalize its foreign investment regulatory regime in line with prevailing international practice and the legislative efforts to unify the corporate legal requirements for both foreign and domestic investments.

The MOFCOM is currently soliciting comments on the Draft and substantial uncertainties exist with respect to its enactment timetable, interpretation and implementation. The Draft, if enacted as proposed, may materially impact the viability of our current corporate structure, corporate governance and business operations. The Draft expands the definition of foreign investment and introduces the principle of "actual control" in determining whether a company is considered a Foreign Investment Enterprise (“FIE”).

Under the Draft, Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) that are controlled via contractual arrangement would be deemed as FIEs, if they are ultimately "controlled" by foreign investors. Therefore, for any companies with a VIE structure in an industry category that falls under restricted to foreign investment or prohibited from foreign investment, the VIE structure may be deemed legitimate only if the ultimate controlling persons) is/are of PRC nationality (either PRC companies or PRC citizens). Conversely, if the actual controlling person(s) is/are of foreign nationalities, then the VIEs will be treated as FIEs and any operation in the industry category falls under restricted to foreign investment or prohibited from foreign investment, without market entry clearance may be considered as illegal. Moreover, for the enterprises which are not incorporated under the laws of China (foreign investors) but are "controlled" by Chinese investors, they may submit documentary evidence to apply for identifying their investment as the investment by Chinese investors when they applying for the market entry clearance to engage in any investment as set out in industries restricted to foreign investment or prohibited from foreign investment in China. The competent authorities of foreign investment will grant the review opinion on whether the said investment is identified as the investment by Chinese investors.

In conclusion, if the Draft enacted as proposed, it is possible that the Company's conduct of certain of its operations and businesses through the VIEs could be found by PRC authorities to be in violation of PRC laws and regulations prohibiting or restricting foreign ownership of companies that engage in such operations and businesses. If such a finding were made, regulatory authorities with jurisdiction over the licensing and operation of such businesses would have broad discretion in dealing with such a violation, including levying fines, confiscating the Company's income, revoking the business or operating licenses of the affected businesses, requiring the Company to restructure its ownership structure or operations, or requiring the Company to discontinue all or any portion of its operations. Any of these actions could cause significant disruption to the Company's business operations, and have a material adverse impact on the Company's cash flows, financial position and operating performance. The Company's management considers the possibility of such a finding by PRC regulatory authorities to be remote.

These contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing the Company with control over the VIEs as direct ownership. Due to its VIE structure, the Company has to rely on contractual rights to effect control and management of the VIEs, which exposes it to the risk of potential breach of contract by the shareholders of the VIEs for a number of reasons. For example, their interests as shareholders of the VIEs and the interests of the Company may conflict and the Company may fail to resolve such conflicts; the shareholders may believe that breaching the contracts will lead to greater economic benefit for them; or the shareholders may otherwise act in bad faith. If any of the foregoing were to happen, the Company may have to rely on legal or arbitral proceedings to enforce its contractual rights, including specific performance or injunctive relief, and claiming damages. Such arbitral and legal proceedings may cost substantial financial and other resources, and result in a disruption of its business, and the Company cannot assure that the outcome will be in its favor. In addition, as all of these contractual arrangements are governed by PRC law and provide for the resolution of disputes through either arbitration or litigation in the PRC, they would be interpreted in accordance with PRC law and any disputes would be resolved in accordance with PRC legal procedures. The legal environment in the PRC is not as developed as in other jurisdictions, such as the United States. As a result, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could further limit the Company’s ability to enforce these contractual arrangements. Furthermore, these contracts may not be enforceable in China if PRC government authorities or courts take a view that such contracts contravene PRC laws and regulations or are otherwise not enforceable for public policy reasons. In the event that the Company is unable to enforce any of these agreements, the Company would not be able to exert effective control over the affected VIEs and consequently, the results of operations, assets and liabilities of the affected VIEs and their subsidiaries would not be included in the Company's consolidated financial statements. If such were the case, the Company's cash flows, financial position and operating performance would be materially adversely affected.

The Company's agreements with respect to its consolidated VIEs are approved and in place. The Company's management believes that such agreements are enforceable, and considers it a remote possibility that PRC regulatory authorities with jurisdiction over the Company's operations and contractual relationships would find the agreements to be unenforceable under existing laws.

The following is a summary of each of the Contractual Arrangements:

The Company does not own any equity interests in Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding, but controls and receives the economic benefits of their business operations through the Contractual Arrangements. In addition, Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding are contractually controlled by the Company. Accordingly, the Company is able to consolidate the results, assets and liabilities of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding into its financial statements. No dividends have been paid to us to date. We intend to use the profits of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding for re-development of planned projects and future procurement of land use rights. We do not anticipate that Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding will pay any dividends in the near future. Xingtai Zhongding and its subsidiaries represent 61.4% and Hebei Zhongding and its subsidiaries represents 38.5% of the Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014.

Direct acquisition of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding by us would constitute a round-trip investment under the 2006 M&A Rule (please see “Government Regulation and Approvals — Mergers and Acquisitions” below). In addition, the PRC has imposed strict regulations on foreign investment in PRC real estate development enterprises. We believe that complex procedural requirements, including examination by governmental authorities, would likely follow any attempt by the Company to obtain approval for the direct acquisition of the share equity or assets of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding under current PRC regulations. Accordingly, we established Kirin Management as our wholly owned subsidiary and adopted the Contractual Arrangements to control and consolidate Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding for the purpose of obtaining financing from outside the PRC.

We intend to use the proceeds from potential future offerings to pay the financial expenditures of our offshore holding companies. As a holding company, neither Kirin China nor Kirin Development has material expenditures. Kirin Management has not received any cash or assets from Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding but has the right to obtain management fees equal to the profit of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding in 2014. All significant costs and expenses occur in Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding.

Our corporate structure is as follows: 

* Mr. Jianfeng Guo is deemed to be the sole beneficial owner of all of the equity interests in and is the founder of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding (“Operating Companies”). Mr. Guo has entered into trust agreements with respect to his holdings in each of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding, pursuant to which Mr. Guo is entitled to all rights afforded to a shareholder of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding, including the right to manage and operate Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding, to receive dividends, and bear the risks of a shareholder of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding. Without Mr. Guo’s prior written consent, the nominees may not take any action as shareholders of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding. Mr. Guo entered into the trust agreements for several reasons. First, when HebeiZhongding was established in 2004, the then applicable Company Law of the PRC did not allow a company to be wholly owned by a sole shareholder unless it was a state owned company. Consequently, Mr. Guo used Ms. Bi, his wife, and other individuals and entities as the nominal shareholders to hold the equity interest of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding. Although the revised Company Law of the PRC, effective as of 2006, permits a company to be owned by a sole shareholder, the registered shareholding structure of HebeiZhongding was not changed in order to meet the financing requirements by our lenders. Second, the current effective Company Law of the PRC does not allow a domestic company that is owned by a sole individual shareholder to have any wholly owned subsidiaries. However, XingtaiZhongding has three wholly-owned subsidiaries. Consequently, Mr. Guo uses other nominal shareholders to hold part of the shares of XingtaiZhongding. Third, Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding from time to time provide guarantees to each other for bank loans and the bank will not accept guarantees from the company if the registered controlling shareholder is also the borrower’s registered controlling shareholder. For all these reasons Mr. Guo entered into the trust agreements with the nominal shareholders. Through these trust agreements, Mr. Guo had the registered shareholders of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding entered into Contractual Arrangements with Kirin Management. Mr. Guo did so because he stands to benefit from the Contractual Arrangements due to the option to acquire Prolific Lion, the principle shareholder of the Company. With respect to Hebei Zhongding, Mr. Guo has entered into trust agreements with each of Liping Bi, JianfeiGuo, Li Zhao, JianheGuo and Liying Li (collectively, the “HebeiZhongding Trustees”). The Hebei Zhongding Trustees comprise all of the registered shareholders of Hebei Zhongding. With respect to Xingtai Zhongding, Mr. Guo is the 51% registered shareholder. In addition, Mr. Guo has entered into trust agreements with each of XieYuelai and Huaxia Kirin (Tianjin) Equity Investment Fund Management Co., Ltd., a company controlled by Mr. Guo (collectively, the “Xingtai Zhongding Trustees”). The Xingtai Zhongding Trustees are the 49% registered shareholders of Xingtai Zhongding. Among these nominal holders of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding, Huaxia Kirin (Tianjin) Equity Investment Fund Management Co., Ltd. is a company controlled by Mr. Guo, while the other individual nominal holders are family members or friends of Mr. Guo, who are willing to hold the shares in a nominal fashion for him. Pursuant to these trust agreements, Mr. Guo is deemed to be the beneficial owner of all the shares of Hebei Zhongding registered in the name of the Hebei Zhongding Trustees and Xingtai Zhongding registered in the names of the Xingtai Zhongding Trustees. Pursuant to the trust agreements, Mr. Guo is entitled to all rights of a shareholder of each of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding. Without Mr. Guo’s prior written consent, the nominees may not take any action as shareholders of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding. There is no requirement under the PRC laws and regulations to register such trust agreements with any authority.

Iwamatsu Reien, a Japanese citizen, held 100% of the shares of Prolific Lion Limited, Valiant Power Limited and Solid Wise Limited, each of which were incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (each a “BVI Company” and collectively the “BVI Companies”) and which respectively own 72.3%, 8.7% and 8.7% of the shares of the Company. The Company owns all the share capital of Kirin China. Kirin China owns all of the share capital of Kirin Development which in turn owns all of the share capital of Kirin Management, a wholly foreign owned enterprise in the PRC. Kirin Management controls and receives the economic benefits of Operating Companies’ business operations through the Contractual Arrangements. Through the Call Option Agreements (as defined below) Iwamatsu Reien has granted options to the Option Holders (as defined below) to purchase all of the shares of the BVI Companies. Each Option Holder shall be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the applicable BVI Company.

In order to avoid conflict with SAFE 75 Circular, which has certain restrictions on PRC residents to obtain overseas shares, on December 22, 2010, Iwamatsu Reien entered into Call Option Agreements (collectively, the “Call Option Agreements”) with each of Mr. Guo, Mr. Longlin Hu and Ms. Xiangju Mu (collectively, the “Option Holders”) pursuant to which Mr. Guo is entitled to purchase up to 100% shares of Prolific Lion Limited, Longlin Hu is entitled to purchase up to 100% shares of Valiant Power Limited and Xiangju Mu is entitled to purchase up to 100% of the shares of Solid Wise Limited, each at a nominal price of $0.0001 per share for a period of five years upon satisfaction of certain conditions, which such conditions were designed to be easily met. Specifically, (i) if the Operating Companies and their respective subsidiaries achieved net income of $1 million as calculated and audited in accordance with U.S. GAAP for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, each Option Holder will be entitled to purchase 40% of the outstanding shares of the applicable BVI Company; (ii) if the Operating Companies and their respective subsidiaries achieve net income of $2 million as calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, each Option Holder will be entitled to purchase 30% of the outstanding shares of the applicable BVI Company; (iii) if Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding and their respective subsidiaries achieve net income of $3 million in accordance with U.S. GAAP for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, each Option Holder will be entitled to purchase up to 30% of the remaining outstanding shares of the applicable BVI Company. In addition, the Operating Companies and their respective subsidiaries achieve net income of $3 million in fiscal year 2010, each Option Holder shall have the right to purchase all shares of the applicable BVI Company at consideration of $1.00 and the third condition shall be deemed as having been met. The Company has determined that Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding and their respective subsidiaries achieved net income of $3 million in fiscal year 2010 and therefore Mr. Guo, Mr. Hu and Ms. Mu have the right to purchase all of the shares of the applicable BVI Company. On October 31, 2012, the Purchasers exercised their call options and acquired all of shares of the BVI Companies.

By way of background, Ms. Reien established the BVI entities. Kirin China was established on July 6, 2010 and Kirin China formed Kirin Development under the laws of Hong Kong on July 27, 2010. Ms. Reien is a friend of Mr. Guo and established Kirin China for the Option Holders to comply with SAFE Circular 75 in anticipation of share exchange transaction with us. Under the Call Option Agreements, Ms. Reien acted as the nominee for the Option Holders.

To date, Mr. Guo, Mr. Hu and Ms. Mu each own all of the capital shares of the respective BVI Company and each serve as the director of the respective BVI Company; they are deemed to beneficially own the shares of the Company’s common stock owned by the BVI Companies. Additionally, Mr. Guo and Mr. Hu constitute the board of directors of Kirin China and Kirin Development. Mr. Guo and Mr. Hu are the acting Chairman and CEO, respectively, of Hebei Zhongding and Xingtai Zhongding. Ms. Reien does not and will not engage in the management or operation of any of the BVI Companies or Kirin China or any of the subsidiaries of Kirin China. Ms. Reien has not and will not receive any consideration for entering into the Call Option Agreements.

Market Area and Projects

Kirin’s projects are currently concentrated in Hebei Province of the PRC, primarily in the city of Xingtai, and nearby regions. Hebei Province is located in the North Region of the PRC. Kirin intends to also focus on the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area, which comprises Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei Province, Liaoning Province and Shandong Province. The following map shows the region in which Kirin currently operates:

Completed Projects

Kirin has completed the following projects in Xingtai City (denoted by the red star in the map above):

Projects in process

Kirin’s project pipeline includes the Kirin Bay and No. 79 Courtyard projects, each of which is located in Xingtai City. Kirin commenced presales for these projects in the first quarter of 2011 and began to recognize revenue in the fourth quarter of 2011 for both projects.

In addition to its projects in Xingtai, the Company has started research on the conditions of certain property and land and development approval procedures in cities like Shijiazhuang of Hebei Province and Dezhou and Zibo of Shandong Province (as denoted by the blue stars on the map above).

In addition to projects in P.R.C, Archway HHC Apartment is a proposed apartment located in Howard Hughes Center Site 4, Los Angeles, California, United states, which will have 109 units apartment and 187 parking spaces. As of December 31, 2014, the Company paid land cost and incurred some other development cost.

Kirin’s Homebuyers

Kirin markets its residential properties to local PRC homebuyers with $293 to $156,206 in monthly earnings, which is regarded in the PRC as middle to high income. Kirin believes that its homebuyers have high expectations of the quality of their residences, the overall community environment and surrounding amenities and developments. Kirin also believes that its homebuyers’ purchase decisions significantly influence the decisions of others of their same social status. Kirin’s targeted homebuyers vary from projects. For example, No.79 Courtyard is focusing on high-income homebuyers and Kirin Bay is focusing on standard residence markets.

The following chart shows the household monthly incomes of homebuyers who purchased residences from the Company:

The following chart shows the averaged ages of homebuyers who purchased residences from the Company:

The following chart shows purchase time of homebuyers for different projects during the period:

The Company believes that its homebuyers are primarily motivated by the need to improve their housing conditions, or “move-up” from rentals or shared living arrangements with relatives to a place of their own.

Commercial Properties

The commercial properties developed by the Company include: Wancheng New World Commercial Center, which achieved sales revenue of approximately $30.16 million, accounting for 65% of total sales of the Company during 2007 and 2008. Profits realized were approximately $4.16 million. The Wancheng New World Commercial Center achieved sales revenue of approximately $7.29 million, accounting for 9.8% of total sales of the Company during 2009 and 2010.

The primary purchasers of the commercial stores of Wancheng New World Commercial Center are entrepreneurs and investors with substantial purchasing power who live in Xingtai city or a nearby city, government officers, public servants, real estate speculators and a variety of well-known restaurants, banks, and companies in telecommunication, advisory, advertisement, and finance sectors.

Sales and Marketing

Most projects commence sales before construction begins. Typically, the first step in the sales process occurs when the homebuyer visits a sales office and decides to purchase a particular residence. The potential homebuyer then signs a binding agreement of sale for a particular residence and pays a cash down payment, which is generally non-refundable. Cash down payments currently average between 30-50% of the total purchase price of a residence, although, in some cases homebuyers elect to pay the entire purchase price at this point. When construction on the residence is complete and upon payment by the homebuyer of the remaining balance of the purchase price, if any, the residence is delivered to the homebuyer. The sales process for commercial properties is substantially similar, although commercial purchasers typically pay a higher cash down payment.

When demand is particularly high for a project, potential homebuyers seeking to signify their interest in purchasing a residence, but who may not know which particular residence they wish to purchase, will first pay refundable cash deposit typically between $781 and $3,124. If the homebuyer does not elect to purchase a residence, this initial deposit will be refunded. If the homebuyer ultimately selects a particular residence, the initial deposit will be applied to the cash down payment due upon entry into a binding agreement for that residence.

In order to attract homebuyers, we engage professional design companies to assist with project design and promotion. Dedicated sales offices are also established for each specific project. Promotional flyers, presentation boards, video clips, websites, and 3D photo displays are used to demonstrate the expected construction layout. In addition, the following media are typically utilized to promote real estate projects:

To help customers choose among the apartment layouts that we offer, we usually create show rooms that demonstrate design possibilities. We pay for the completion of these marketing show rooms. After most of the units in the development have been sold, we sell the show rooms as residences, usually at premium prices.

Sales representatives are encouraged to take a proactive approach after promotions have been launched. Sales representatives usually visit nearby counties or city squares to distribute flyers advertising our communities. They are also encouraged to target and maintain contact with potential groups or organizations who have group purchasing intentions or that provide financial support for their employees to buy residences. Sales representatives receive commissions based on the amount of the purchase price once received by the Company.

We ordinarily launch several phases of sales for each project, but only provide a small proportion of residential units for sale in each phase. The Company believes that the sale of residences by phases reduces market risks since prices can be adjusted depending on demand and other economic factors.  

Property Management Services

The Company provides property management services to our communities. The basic services typically provided include security, clean environment preservation, flower and tree planting and community facilities maintenance.

Land Resources Procurement

Our ability to continue development activities over the long-term will be dependent upon, among other things, a suitable economic environment and its continued ability to locate and acquire land, obtain governmental approvals for suitable parcels of land, and consummate the acquisition and complete the development of such land. When identifying potential land resources for acquisition, our first attempts to determine if the target land resource complies with the general municipal plans of the government, whether the surrounding infrastructures are well established, whether there is any existing municipal construction plan, the scale of influence of the project with respect to its neighbors and if the purchasing power of the surrounding population can afford the prices at which the Company may expect to sell the properties. Next, we consider if the initial property development cost is affordable for it, if there is any governmental tax deduction policy and if the project can become a signature project for the local government. The Company obtains land resources by participating in public tender, auction, and listing for sales of land. In addition, the Company may seek to acquire land rights that are sold in connection with the restructuring of state-owned enterprises or the military. The price and location of land resources that are state-owned or owned by the military are generally superior to private properties.

Regulations in the PRC now provide that all land use rights are granted by way of a public auction held by the land reserve administration of the applicable local government. The auction begins with the local government’s publication of an invitation to bid on a particular parcel of land. Bids must be submitted on or before the bid deadline date. Bids submitted by developers in accordance with bid procedures and deadlines are then evaluated, together with the qualifications of the developers, by the applicable land reserve administration. Bidders who do not meet all of the qualification requirements are disqualified. On the day following the closing date of the auction, an auction winner will be confirmed. The winning bidder and the transferor will enter into a confirmation agreement. Within ten days after the execution of the confirmation agreement, the winning bidder will enter into a “Land Use Rights Transfer Agreement” with the transferor and is required to make a lump sum payment of the transfer fees within two months. The process for acquisition of land resources from state-owned enterprises and the military is similar, except that the governing entities for military-owned properties are the military land management bureaus and their superior supervising authorities.

We also participate in government-dominated relocation programs, such as Kong Village Relocation Program to procure land use rights. In relocation programs, the local government takes the land from the local residents as a land reserve for a future auction and bidding process and relocates the residents. We participate in and fund such programs as a partner of the government and obtain the land use right by being invited to the auction and bidding of such land use rights. In the case of Kong Village Relocation Program, the local government did not have enough funds to pay for the relocation and new accommodations for the villagers, therefore the Company funded the local government by building new buildings as accommodation compensation for the villagers as well as bearing the costs incurred by local government compensating villagers and the zoning and developing of vacated land lots. The government will repay our costs when it sells the concerning land use right. In exchange for such financing, we will be invited to bid for the vacated land parcels for residential and commercial use at public auction at market price, and in return for our financing, the proceeds paid by the Company and received by the government the bidding will be refunded to the Company. For more details please refer to “Management Discussion and Analysis—Relocation Program of Kong Village.”

PRC Real Estate Market Overview

Future Development Trends and Regulations of the Real Estate Industry in the PRC

Due to increased urbanization, more and more people are immigrating to the cities from rural areas of the PRC, such that the boundaries of cities are extending gradually and the urban areas are experiencing rapid development. As the real estate markets in tier-one cities, such as Beijing, have experienced rapid growth in the past five years, we believe that the development potential for tier-two and tier-three cities is substantial. The Company expects that the real estate markets for tier-two and tier-three cities will expand significantly in the near future due to a variety of factors including the further development of urbanization and the immigration of rural populations into the tier-two and tier-three cities, which we believe will result in a growing demand. In addition, according to a report made by Cushman Wakefield LLP, China became the largest real estate investment market in 2010. Since the real estate markets for tier-one cities have almost reached their limits, we believe investment will be directed to tier-two and tier-three cities.

The per capita consumption of a city indicates the purchasing power of its residents. The purchasing power growth in tier-three cities is faster than overall purchasing power. China’s average growth of per capita consumption in 2014 was 9.6% according to the annual report filed by the National Bureau of Statistics. Growth in tier-one cities such as Beijing and Shanghai was reported below that average. Many tier-three cities in cities such as Dali in Yunnan, Nanchong in Sichuan, Nanchang in Jiangxi, Taizhou in Zhejiang and Weihai and Dezhou in Shandong exceeded the average, indicating higher real estate purchasing power (from Dongxing Securities Industry Report). We believe this indicates that purchasing power in tier-three cities is growing at a faster rate than it is in tier-one cities.

In 1980, a mere 19.8% of the population in China was urban and by the end of 2013, the urbanization rate had reached 53.73% according to the annual report filed by the National Bureau of Statistics. According to a report by BNP Paribas (BNPP), China’s urbanization rate should reach 60% by 2020 as shown below:

Similarly, it is predicted that the China’s urbanization rate will hit 58 percent in 2015 and grow to 65 percent by 2030 from the annual report on urban development by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS). According to McKinsey in the Preparing for China’s Urban Billion report in March 2008, 350 million people will be added to China’s urban population by 2025—more than the population of today’s United States. One billion people are expected to live in China’s cities by 2030 and 221 Chinese cities are expected to have over one million residents. Five billion square meters of road are expected to be paved, 170 mass transit systems could be built and 40 billion square meters of floor space could be built—in five million buildings. More than half of China’s population today is still rural. With an ongoing flow of workers from the countryside into the cities, officials estimate prospective housing needs for 400 million new urban dwellers over the next 25 years.

The PRC real estate market is strictly controlled by the PRC government and, currently, real estate development companies in tier-one cities are experiencing difficulties as a result. To control the price of real estate, restrict speculation and break the isolated bubbles in the PRC real estate market, the PRC government has tightened its credit loan policies and land right acquisition regulations in tier-one cities. Accordingly, real estate development has begun to focus on tier-two and tier-three cities. Real estate developers in tier-two and tier-three cities are expanding and the PRC’s focus for real estate development has moved on from tier-one cities to tier-two and tier-three cities in response to the urbanization of China and the movement of its population.

The PRC’s Central Economic Conference at the end of 2009 and the “Document No. 1” released by the State Council in 2010 pointed out that the central government was emphasizing the urbanization of medium and small cities and small towns in China, with the purpose to alleviate the over-populated tier-one cities and to resolve the imbalanced development between urban and rural areas. For overall planning, the PRC government has shown its determination to develop small and medium-sized cities and related authorities have released favorable policies for tier-two and tier-three cities. The PRC’s Ministry of Land and Resources has begun to prioritize the land rights approval processes for real estate projects in tier-two and tier-three cities. The land rights acquired in tier-two and tier-three cities totaled 62.23 million square meters in 2009, compared to 4.83 million square meters in tier-one cities, as indicated by China’s National Bureau of Statistics.

Real estate developers have been finding it difficult to obtain easy financing for their projects due to the recent strict credit loan policies for both developers and buyers. Many of them have subsequently turned to high-cost financing, with interest rates ranging from 12% to 16%, compared with the benchmark rate of 5.31% for one-year loans as indicated in a report by China Daily.

Foreign investors account for a small proportion of the real estate market. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, foreign investors put approximately $35.85 billion into the real estate development in 2012, a 92.3 percent decrease for the same period in 2011. UBS Global Asset Management announced in April 2010 that it had successfully concluded the first closing of its joint-venture with Gemdale Corporation, a leading listed real estate developer in China. It will invest in residential development projects in First Tier and selected Second Tier cities in China. In mid-March 2010, China Overseas Land & Investment Ltd., together with ICBC International Investment Management Ltd., set up a $250 million real estate fund to invest in China’s property market.

According to the Wall Street Daily, one-quarter of Chinese homebuyers pay cash, and, on average, mortgages cover only half the property’s value. Household debt in China amounts to approximately 40% of household incomes.

Market Overview of Xingtai

According to a report from the China Daily, the total housing supply in Xingtai was 1.1 million square meters in 2005 and 1.5 million square meters in 2006; due to the macroeconomic control policy specified by the state, the housing supply shrank slightly to 1.1 to 1.3 million square meters in 2007 and the housing supply in 2008 was 1.5-1.8 million square meters.

With the development of its local economy, since 2006 an increasing number of residents of other regions of China have been immigrating to Xingtai, which has increased housing demand. Kirin China expects this trend in increased immigration to Xingtai to continue in the near future.

According to a report from China's National Bureau of Statistics, as of the year end of 2014, the core urban population of Xingtai was approximately 940,000 and its total residential area was approximately 27.3 million square meters. As such, the per capita residential area in Xingtai city was 29 square meters as of the end of 2014. According to the national “well-off” standards published by the PRC’s Department of Construction, by 2020, the average living area for urban population is expected to reach 35 square meters with an average floor area of 100 to 120 square meters for each residence. The Company believes the anticipated shortage in average living area per person in Xingtai necessary in order to meet the “well-off” standard indicates significant development potential.

Xingtai can be generally divided into two parts: Qiaodong District (i.e. East of Bridge) and Qiaoxi District (i.e. West of Bridge). The Qiaodong District is the old city area which features transportation, concentrated retail trading areas, aged buildings and a highly polluted environment. Currently, the scale of real estate development in this region is small and scattered due to high relocation costs. The quality of real estate is also low and the buildings are mostly mid-rise. Qiaoxi District, on the contrary, is the region being promoted by the local Xingtai government for development. Qiaoxi District is anticipated to be the center of the new urban area, as planned by the Xingtai government. In the 2013, the average price for a residence was at approximately $744 per square meter in Xingtai city, in the 2014, the average price for a residence was $831 per square meter in Xingtai city.

The central bank in China is currently reinforcing strict real estate development regulations and emphasizing stringent credit loan policies, which has already had a negative impact on the real estate market. These actions may serve to hinder the development of smaller real estate companies with rigid cash flows and small amounts of capital, leaving growth space for larger, better capitalized companies.

Market Overview of the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area

The Company plans to expand its operations to the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area. Located in the center of Northeast Asia economic zone area with abundant resources and convenient transportation, the Company believes that the Bohai Sea surrounding region has great geographical strength. The National Bureau of Statistics data indicated a new trend that home and abroad foreign investment flows from the south to the north of China in recent years. The cities and sub-regions of the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area, such as Beijing, Tianjin Region, the Shandong Peninsula and Northeast regions are considered to be the “growth pole” of China’s next round of development following the development of the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta region. In the near future, we believe that the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area will enter into a sustainable and rapid growth track.

The cities in Bohai Sea Surrounding Area vary with respect to the economic development degree. The large and well developed cities in this area with mature markets, such as Beijing and Tianjin, have a declination in gross floor area and sale of real estate due to the strict real estate control policies. However, the second and third tier cities in this area still have a rapid growth rate in real estate development. Economic investment and development in this area, which is adjacent to Xingtai, is increasing. Investments in the real estate markets of Qinhuangdao, Tianjin and Tangshan increased by 21%-76% in 2010, according to the PRC’s Ministry of Land and Resources. Commensurate with an increase in investment, the price of residential real estate is has also increased.

In recent years, many large national real estate developers have begun to enter the market of Bohai Sea Surrounding Region as increasing land reserves and accelerating development of the market provide more opportunities. Compared with the Pearl River Delta region and Yangtze River Delta region, we believe that the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area has greater market demand and more opportunities. The growth rate of wholesale real estate prices in the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area is stable. As shown in the below chart of land use right procurement costs, in 2014, the land cost in Bohai Sea Surrounding Area is $602 per square meter, which is higher than the national average land cost $573 per square meter, but much lower than the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. The cost of land right procurement in the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area is 33% lower than in the Pearl River Delta and 26.5% lower than in the Yangtze River Delta Regions. The overall growth rate of land use right procurement has increased from 4.66% in 2013 to 5.16% in 2014. As depicted in the chart of growth of land use right procurement, the 2014 growth rate was lower than the average annual growth rate of 5.16% of 105 cities in China. We believe that this indicates potential for real estate development and profit generation in this area. Pursuant to the data from Ministry of Land and Resources of the People’s Republic of China, the following are the land right procurement costs and growth rates in the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area for 2014.

The scale of residence paying capability (real estate price/household paying capability) demonstrates the ability of consumers to purchase houses. The overall rational scale on an international scope is within the range of 3-6 and the scale in China is higher due to its special housing system, hidden income and solid housing demand, according to Real Estate Bubble and Financial Crisis, authored by XieJinglai and Qu Bo in 2002.

As shown in the following chart, except Beijing and Dalian, the house price growth of other cities in the Bohai Sea Surrounding Region is stable, and with the economic development of the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area, the income level has increased and the scale is decreasing gradually. However, most of the sales are over 6 and Beijing and Dalian have shown scales of over 11, which indicate bubbles in their real estate markets.

Price of Private Residence / Private Residence Paying Capability Scale in the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area (US $/multiple)

Note: Residence Paying Capability Scale = Sales Price Per Square Meter/Disposable Income Per Household. Sales price is assumed as 100 square meters per suite and a household is assumed to comprise three (3) family members.

Features of Real Estate Markets in Tier-Two and Tier-Three Cities

The Company believes that the PRC’s tier-three cities have long term earning potential for investment, particularly since tier-one cities have already experienced high growth in the past few years. The Company believes that with continued urbanization and improved living standards, the demand in tier-three cities for high quality, high-end buildings is increasing. The Company anticipates that tier-three cities are at the frontier of the continued future urbanization and will benefit from the economic growth in China.

Growth potential of real estate markets in tier-two and tier-three cities

Real estate development potential has shifted to tier-two and tier-three cities and to medium and small cities. The No 1 Documents from the PRC central government pointed out that medium and small cities and towns will be the focus of China’s economic development. The PRC Ministry of Land and Resources indicated that it would prioritize approvals of real estate projects in tier-two and tier-three cities.

Higher profit margins in tier-two and tier-three cities

The Company believes that the price growth potential in the tier-two and tier-three segments is high while investment costs, especially land costs, are low. Investment return in tier-two and tier-three cities is no less than 30% and operational costs are comparatively low, according to the “2012 Analysis Report on Real Estate Prices in Major Chinese Cities” as published by the Ministry of Land and Resources of the PRC.

Competition

The real estate development industry in the PRC is highly competitive. In the tier-three cities where the Company’ primary projects are located, local and regional property developers are its major competitors. Many of the Company’s competitors are well capitalized and have greater financial, marketing, and other resources. Some also have larger land banks, greater economies of scale, broader name recognition, and a longer track record in certain markets. In certain markets, we believe our competition benefits from more established relationships in the industry, but differences between the Company and our competition’s relationships are divided geographically and vary by city, quality, and scope. As such, these comparisons are limited to specific instances. In addition, the PRC government’s recent measures designed to reduce land supply further increased competition for land among property developers.

Competition among property developers may result in increased costs for the acquisition of land for development, increased costs for raw materials, shortages of skilled contractors, oversupply of properties, decrease in property prices in certain parts of the PRC, a slowdown in the rate at which new property developments will be approved and/or reviewed by the relevant government authorities and an increase in administrative costs for hiring or retaining qualified personnel, any of which may adversely affect our business and financial condition. Furthermore, property developers that are better capitalized than us may be more competitive in acquiring land through the auction process.

The Company considers Xingtai Royal Real Property Co., Ltd. and Hengda Real estate Group Xingtai Branch Company as its major competitors in Xingtai. These two companies have similar financial capacities as the Company and engage in projects of similar sizes to those of the Company.

Competitive Advantages

We believe that the following are our advantages over our competitors:

Growth Strategy

Completion of Pipeline Projects

The Company’s project pipeline includes the Kirin Bay and No. 79 Courtyard projects, both of which are located in Xingtai. We commenced presales for these projects in the first quarter of 2011.

The Kirin Bay Project covers a land area of over 660,000 square meters. After completion, the Company expects that the project will be the largest high-end residential community in Xingtai in terms of construction area. The project is comprised of three land construction sections, Sections B, C, and D, with total anticipated building area of approximately 1 million square meters. Section C is expected to cover a building area of approximately 380,000 square meters, which is expected to be comprised mainly of malls, hotels, office buildings and apartments. Sections B and D are expected to cover a building area of approximately 560,000 square meters. These sections are expected to be comprised of high-rise buildings, villas, kindergartens, primary schools and other commercial buildings.

Preparation for the Kirin Bay Project began in June 2009. Construction started in October 2011, Phase I of Kirin Bay residences are being delivered to customers while final phase residences are expected to be delivered in late 2016. The project is planned to include approximately 5,500 residential units consisting of high-rise apartments and single-family houses. The following sets forth the various categories of properties anticipated to be available for sale as part of the Kirin Bay Project and the total area and number of units available for each such category:

No. 79 Courtyard Project covers a land area of over 290,000 square meters and a total building area of 520,000 square meters. The project is positioned as a high-end residential development with some mixed commercial use.

No. 79 Courtyard Project started preparation in July 2009,Phase I of No.79 Courtyard are being delivered while the final phase residences are expected to be delivered in late 2017. The following sets forth the various categories of properties anticipated to be available for sale as part of the No. 79 Courtyard Project and the total area and number of units available for each such category:

Focusing on Bohai Sea Surrounding Area

As our region selection strategy, we intend to focus on the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area. The Bohai Sea Surrounding Area has become the third most active region in the PRC for business investment, just behind the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta Regions. The National Development and Reform Commission indicated in September 2010 that the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area, Yangtze River Delta region and Pearl River Delta region are to be prioritized for economic development.

Selecting Tier-Three Cities with Tier-Two Cities as Alternatives

We target at dynamic, highly commercialized tier-three cities with higher per capita GDP, economic growth, and citizen purchasing power than the surrounding tier-three cities. Cities such as Tianjin, Qingdao, Shenyang, Nanjing, Suzhou, Xuzhou, Hefei, Changsha, and Xi’an satisfy these criteria. Although our primary focus is tier-three cities, we may seek to expand to tier-two cities when our financial conditions permit and opportunities present.

Intellectual Property

We do not own any patent or registered trademarks.

Environmental Issues

Our business in China is subject to various pollution control regulations in China with respect to noise, water and air pollution and the disposal of waste. Specifically, the major environmental regulations applicable to us include the PRC Environmental Protection Law, the PRC Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, the PRC Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, the PRC Law on the Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution, and the PRC Law on the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution.

The Company is not aware of any investigations, prosecutions, disputes, claims or other proceedings in respect of environmental protection, nor has the Company been punished or can foresee any punishment to be made by any environmental administration authorities of the PRC.

Government Regulation and Approvals

Property and Land Use Rights

All urban land in China is owned by the State. Pursuant to Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China Concerning the Assignment and Transfer of the Right to the Use of the State-owned Land in the Urban Areas, which became effective on May 19, 1990, individuals and companies are permitted to acquire rights to use urban land or land use rights for specific purposes, including residential, industrial and commercial purposes. The land use rights are granted for a period of 70 years for residential purposes, 50 years for industrial purposes and 40 years for commercial purposes. These periods may be renewed at the expiration of the initial and any subsequent terms. Upon approval by both the land administrative authorities and city planning authorities, industrial parcel uses may be converted to other uses, and the duration and other clauses in the land use right granting agreement will be revised to match the new use. Granted land use rights are transferable and may be used as security for borrowings and other obligations.

Permits and Certificates

Development Certificates

According to the Urban Real Estate Development and Operation Administration Regulation, promulgated by State Council on July 20, 1998, the Urban Real Estate Development and Operation Administration Rules of Hebei Province promulgated by government of Hebei province and effective on July 1, 2004, and the Real Estate March 29, 2000, a real estate development enterprise shall obtain a Real Estate Development Enterprise Qualification Certificate (the “Development Certificate”) with four grades. To obtain a Grade 4 Development Certificate, an enterprise must have engaged in the real estate development business for more than one year with 100% of its completed projects passing the quality inspection by the supervising authority and shall have certain number of construction, financial, accounting and technical professionals, established a quality control system and does not have any record of material construction accidents and the registered capital shall be no less than approximately $756,220. To obtain a Grade 3 Development Certificate, besides the requirements of Grade 4 Development Certificate, an enterprise must have engaged in the real estate development business for more than two year with 100% of its completed projects of two consecutive years passing the quality inspection by the supervising authority and have completed the development of accumulatively more than 50,000 square meters construction and the registered capital shall be no less than approximately $1,209,958. To obtain a Grade 2 Development Certificate, besides the requirements of Grade 3 Development Certificate, an enterprise must have engaged in the real estate development business for more than three year with 100% of its completed projects of three consecutive years passing the quality inspection by the supervising authority and have completed the development of accumulatively more than 150,000 square meters construction and the registered capital shall be no less than approximately $3,024,895. To obtain a Grade 1 Development Certificate, besides the requirements of Grade 2 Development Certificate, an enterprise must have engaged in the real estate development business for more than five year with 100% of its completed projects of five consecutive years passing the quality inspection by the supervising authority and have completed the development of accumulatively more than 300,000 square meters construction and the registered capital shall be no less than approximately $7,562,237. With Grade 1 Development Certificate, the enterprise is allowed to develop all kinds of project without limitation. With Grade 2 Development Certificate, the enterprise is allowed to develop the project(s) with total construction area no more than 250,000 square meters each time. With Grade 3 Development Certificate, the enterprise is allowed to develop the project(s) with total construction area no more than 150,000 square meters each time. With Grade 4 Development Certificate, the enterprise may develop the project(s) with total construction area no more than 100,000 square meters each time. Upon expiration of the certificate, if the enterprise is going to continue the business of real estate development, it shall apply for a new one.

Construction projects in China often take 3-5 years or even longer to complete. As a result, many real estate and development companies often divide projects into a number of shorter phases, allowing them to sell and collect financing from a finished phase while the remainder of the project is still ongoing. The Ministry of Construction along with other sectors of government have taken the position that each phase of a project can be looked at on an individual basis for determining which grade of a development certificate a company needs to obtain to participate in the project.  This allows a company with a lower grade to do a bigger project if it is broken into a number of smaller phases. However, if a company wants to develop a larger project and complete it in a single phase and in a short period, then the requirement for higher grade of certificate will be required.

Hebei Zhongding has obtained the formal Grade 2 Development Certificate No. JiJian Fang Kai Xing Zi No. 192 on December 26, 2011. Zhongding Jiye has obtained the Grade 4 Development Certificate No. JiJian Fang Kai Xing Zi No.304 with an expiration date of March 21, 2012. The Company obtained updated Grade 4 Development Certificate in July 2012. Zhongding Kirin has obtained formal Grade 4 Development Certificate on March 16, 2012.

Other Permits

For each project we develop, before commencing sales or presales of such project, we are required to obtain Land Use Rights Certificates, Construction Land Planning Permits, Construction Work Planning Permits, Work Commencement Permits and Pre-Sales Permits. Before we obtain the Pre-Sales Permit, we may apply to the local authority for informal presale permission to permit us to secure nonrefundable deposits from our customers. This is a local practice enacted by the Xingtai local government to encourage project development. We may not receive the same approval in other cities if we expand our projects beyond Xingtai.

We have obtained all of the Land Use Rights Certificates, Construction Land Planning Permits, Construction Work Planning Permits, Work Commencement Permits and Pre-Sales Permits for Kirin County Community, No. 79 Courtyard and Kirin Bay projects.  For Kirin Bay Project, which will be divided into three parcels of land, we have obtained Land Use Rights Certificates for the Kirin Bay project pursuant to our participation in the Kong Village Relocation Program. For more details please refer to “Management Discussion and Analysis—Relocation Program of Kong Village.”

Taxation

On March 16, 2007, the National People’s Congress of China passed the New EIT Law, and on November 28, 2007, the State Council of China passed the EIT Law Implementing Rules which took effect on January 1, 2008. The EIT Law and its implementing rules impose a unified earned income tax, or EIT, rate of 25.0% on all domestic-invested enterprises and foreign invested enterprises, or FIEs, unless they qualify under certain limited exceptions. As a result, our Operating Companies are subject to an earned income tax of 25.0%. Before the implementation of the New EIT Law, FIEs established in the PRC, unless granted preferential tax treatments by the PRC government, were generally subject to an EIT rate of 33.0%, which included a 30.0% state income tax and a 3.0% local income tax.

In addition to the changes to the current tax structure, under the New EIT Law, an enterprise established outside of China with “de facto management bodies” within China is considered a “resident enterprise,” meaning that it can be treated in a manner similar to a Chinese enterprise for enterprise income tax purposes. The implementing rules of the New EIT Law define de facto management as “substantial and overall management and control over the production and operations, personnel, accounting, and properties” of the enterprise. In addition, a recent circular issued by the State Administration of Taxation on April 22, 2009 regarding the standards used to classify certain Chinese-invested enterprises controlled by Chinese enterprises or Chinese group enterprises and established outside of China as “resident enterprises” clarified that dividends and other income paid by such “resident enterprises” will be considered to be PRC source income, subject to PRC withholding tax, currently at a rate of 10%, when recognized by non-PRC enterprise shareholders. This recent circular also subjects such “resident enterprises” to various reporting requirements with the PRC tax authorities.

In addition, the recent circular mentioned above sets out criteria for determining whether “de facto management bodies” are located in China for overseas incorporated, domestically controlled enterprises. However, as this circular only applies to enterprises established outside of China that are controlled by PRC enterprises or groups of PRC enterprises, it remains unclear how the tax authorities will determine the location of “de facto management bodies” for overseas incorporated enterprises that are controlled by individual PRC residents like us and some of our subsidiaries. We may be deemed to be a resident enterprise by Chinese tax authorities. If the PRC tax authorities determine that we are a “resident enterprise” for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, we may be subject to the enterprise income tax at a rate of 25% on our worldwide taxable income as well as PRC enterprise income tax reporting obligations. In addition, dividends paid to us from our PRC Subsidiary will be exempted from PRC income tax but dividends we pay to our non-PRC shareholders may be subject to a 10% withholding tax.

Foreign Currency Exchange

All of our sales revenue and expenses are denominated in RMB. Under the PRC foreign currency exchange regulations applicable to us, RMB is convertible for current account items, including the distribution of dividends, interest payments, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions. Currently, our PRC Subsidiary and Operating Companies may purchase foreign currencies for settlement of current account transactions, including payments of dividends to us, without the approval of SAFE, by complying with certain procedural requirements. Conversion of RMB for capital account items, such as direct investment, loan, security investment and repatriation of investment, however, is still subject to the approval of SAFE. In particular, if our PRC Subsidiary borrows foreign currency through loans from us or other foreign lenders, these loans must be registered with SAFE, and if we finance our PRC Subsidiary or Operating Companies by means of additional capital contributions, these capital contributions must be approved by certain government authorities, including the MOFCOM, or their respective local branches. These limitations could affect the ability of our PRC Subsidiary and Operating Companies to obtain foreign exchange through debt or equity financing.

Dividend Distributions

Our revenues are earned by our PRC Subsidiary through charging management fee from the Operating Companies pursuant to the Contractual Arrangements. However, PRC regulations restrict the ability of our PRC Subsidiary to make dividends and other payments to its offshore parent company. PRC legal restrictions permit payments of dividend by our PRC Subsidiary only out of their accumulated after-tax profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. Our PRC Subsidiary is also required under PRC laws and regulations to allocate at least 10% of our annual after-tax profits determined in accordance with PRC GAAP to a statutory general reserve fund until the amounts in such fund reaches 50% of its registered capital. Our PRC Subsidiary, Kirin Management cannot distribute the profits or pay dividends out of China before it sets aside such statutory fund unless the amounts in such fund reaches 50% of its registered capital, which is USD 100,000 currently. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. The statutory fund shall be set aside only when the PRC Subsidiary records profit in a fiscal year. Since December 22, 2010 when the PRC Subsidiary was established, it has not recorded any profit and therefore has not set aside any allocations to the statutory fund. If the PRC Subsidiary fails to set aside the allocations to the statutory fund when it does record profit at the end of a fiscal year, it will be subject to a fine of no more than $32,712. Our PRC Subsidiary has the discretion to allocate a portion of their after-tax profits to staff welfare and bonus funds, which may not be distributed to equity owners except in the event of liquidation.

In addition, under the New EIT law, the Notice of the State Administration of Taxation on Negotiated Reduction of Dividends and Interest Rates, or Notice 112, which was issued on January 29, 2008, the Arrangement between the PRC and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion, or the Double Taxation Arrangement (Hong Kong), which became effective on December 8, 2006, and the Notice of the State Administration of Taxation Regarding Interpretation and Recognition of Beneficial Owners under Tax Treaties, or Notice 601, which became effective on October 27, 2009, dividends from our PRC Subsidiary paid to us through our Hong Kong subsidiary may be subject to a withholding tax at a rate of 10%, or at a rate of 5% if our Hong Kong subsidiary is considered a “beneficial owner” that is generally engaged in substantial business activities and entitled to treaty benefits under the Double Taxation Arrangement (Hong Kong). Furthermore, the ultimate tax rate will be determined by treaty between the PRC and the tax residence of the holder of our PRC Subsidiary. Dividends declared and paid from before January 1, 2008 on distributable profits are grandfathered under the New EIT Law and are not subject to withholding tax.

Circular 75

In October 2005, SAFE issued the Notice on Relevant Issues in the Foreign Exchange Control over Financing and Return Investment Through Special Purpose Companies by Residents Inside China, generally referred to as Circular 75, which required PRC residents to register with the competent local SAFE branch before establishing or acquiring control over an SPV for the purpose of engaging in an equity financing outside of China on the strength of domestic PRC assets originally held by those residents. Amendments to registrations made under Circular 75 are required in connection with any increase or decrease of capital, transfer of shares, mergers and acquisitions, equity investment or creation of any security interest of offshore SPV. Failure to comply with the requirements of Circular 75 may result in fines and other penalties under PRC laws for evasion of applicable foreign exchange restrictions. Any such failure could also result in the SPV’s affiliates being impeded or prevented from distributing their profits and the proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation to the SPV, or from engaging in other transfers of funds into or out of China.

As we stated under “Risk factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—Failure to comply with PRC regulations relating to the establishment of offshore special purpose companies by PRC residents may subject our PRC resident shareholders to personal liability, limit our ability to acquire PRC companies or to inject capital into our PRC Subsidiary or the Operating Companies, limit our PRC Subsidiary’s ability to distribute profits to us or otherwise materially adversely affect us.” We cannot assure our beneficial owners or prospective shareholders, who are PRC residents as defined in Circular 75, can obtain registration with the relevant branch of SAFE, if so required, in connection with their equity interests in us and our control of equity interests in the Operating Companies through the Contractual Arrangements. However, many of the terms and provisions in Circular 75 remains unclear and implementation by central SAFE and local SAFE branches of Circular 75 has been inconsistent since its adoption. Therefore, we cannot predict how Circular 75 will affect our business operations or future strategies. For example, our present and prospective PRC Subsidiary’s ability to conduct foreign exchange activities, such as the remittance of dividends and foreign currency-denominated borrowings, may be subject to compliance with Circular 75 by our PRC resident beneficial holders.

Mergers and Acquisitions

On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies promulgated the Regulation on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Companies by Foreign Investors, or the 2006 M&A Rule, which became effective on September 8, 2006. According to the 2006 M&A Rule, a “Round-trip Investment” is defined as having taken place when a PRC business that is owned by PRC individual(s) is sold to a non-PRC entity that is established or controlled, directly or indirectly, by those same PRC individual(s). Under the 2006 M&A Rules, any Round-trip Investment must be approved by MOFCOM and any indirect arrangement or series of arrangements which achieves the same end result without the approval of MOFCOM is a violation of PRC law.

As we stated under “Risk factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—PRC regulations regarding offshore financing activities by PRC residents have undertaken continuous changes which may increase the administrative burden we face and create regulatory uncertainties that could adversely affect our business.”. Though we believe the 2006 M&A Rule does not apply to us, the PRC regulatory authorities may take the view that these transactions and the Share Exchange Agreement are part of an overall series of arrangements which constitute a Round-trip Investment and as a result, we may be subject to fines and penalties on our operations in the PRC, our operating privileges in the PRC may be limited, the repatriation of the proceeds from the Offering into the PRC may be delayed or restricted, and we may face other administrative actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation and prospects, as well as the trading price of our securities.

Employees 

As of the date of this Report, we have entered into labor contracts with all of our employees. Additionally, we have bought social insurances for our employees as set forth below:

Our employees are not represented by any collective bargaining agreement, and we have never experienced a work stoppage. We believe we have good relations with our employees.

Legal Proceedings

Currently there are no legal proceedings pending or threatened against the Company or Kirin China. However, from time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business.

Recent Developments

On April 30, 2014, Kirin International established two wholly-owned subsidiaries Archway Development Group LLC and HHC-6055 Centre Drive LLC, in California, for the purpose of real estate development in the Unites States.

On November 11, 2014, Brookhollow Lake, LLC established a wholly-owned subsidiary Applecrate, Inc. in California, to engage in E-commerce retail/wholesale in the Unites States.

Our corporate headquarter, which we lease, is located at 12th Floor, Building F, Phoenix Plaza, No.A5, Shuguang Xili, Chaoyang District, Beijing, which consists of approximately 1400 square meters.

In March 2013, Brookhollow Lake , LLC purchased a property of 20,658 square feet as its office at $2,051,873.

We are currently not involved in any litigation that we believe could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or of our companies or our subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.

Not Applicable.

PART II

Market Information

Our common stock trades on the OTCBB under the symbol KIRI.  The OTCBB is a quotation service that displays real-time quotes, last-sale prices, and volume information in over-the-counter (“OTC”) equity securities. An OTCBB equity security generally is any equity that is not listed or traded on a national securities exchange.  

Price Range of Common Stock

The following table shows, for the periods indicated, the high and low bid prices per share of our common stock as reported by the OTCBB quotation service.  These bid prices represent prices quoted by broker-dealers on the OTCBB quotation service. The quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commissions, and may not represent actual transactions.   

Holders

As of December 31, 2014, there were 89 holders of record of our common stock. This number does not include shares held by brokerage clearing houses, depositories or others in unregistered form.

Dividends

We have never declared or paid a cash dividend. Any future decisions regarding dividends will be made by our Board of Directors. We currently intend to retain and use any future earnings for the development and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Our Board of Directors has complete discretion on whether to pay dividends. Even if our Board of Directors decides to pay dividends, the form, frequency and amount will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem relevant.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

We are not required to provide the information required by this Item because we are a smaller reporting company.

The following discussion and analysis of the results of operations and financial condition for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the notes to those financial statements that are included elsewhere in this Report. Our discussion includes forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties, such as our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. Actual results and the timing of events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors.  See “Forward-Looking Statements.”

Overview

We are a non-state-owned real estate development company focused on residential and commercial real estate development in “tier-three” cities in the PRC.  Our projects are currently concentrated in Xingtai City, Hebei Province.

We have completed our Ming Shi Hua Ting, Wancheng New World and Kirin County projects in Xingtai City. Our current projects include Kirin Plaza, Kirin Bay and No.79 Courtyard, which collectively call for the development of more than 7,000 homes over the next five years in Xingtai City. We intend to expand into the Bohai Sea Surrounding Area, comprised of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei Province, Liaoning Province and Shandong Province, and begin additional projects in the next three to five years.

We focus on middle-income customers in tier-three cities and strive to offer affordable homes. We believe that we are able to maintain and manage our growth based on: (i) our experience in developing real estate projects; (ii) our experienced management team; (iii) our expertise in conducting real estate sales; (iv) our reputation in the local markets we serve; and (v) our strong working relationship with local government.

Recent Developments

Financial Performance Highlights

The following summarizes certain key financial information for the year ended by December 31, 2014.

Factors Affecting our Operating Results

Growth of China’s Economy. We operate and derive all of our revenue from sales in China. Economic conditions in China, therefore, affect our operations, including the demand for our properties and the availability and prices of our raw materials among other expenses. China has experienced significant economic growth with recorded Gross Domestic Product growth rates at 7.8% in 2012, 7.7% in 2013 and 7.4% in 2014. China is expected to experience continued growth in all areas of investment and consumption.  However, if the Chinese economy were to become significantly affected by a negative stimulus, China’s growth rate would likely to fall and our revenue could correspondingly decline.

Government Regulations. Our business and results of operations are subject to PRC government policies and regulations regarding the following:

Government Controls on Real Estate Industry. Since the second half of 2009, the PRC real estate market has experienced strong recovery from the financial crisis and housing prices rose rapidly in certain cities. In response to concerns over the scale of the increase in property investments, the PRC government has implemented measures and introduced policies to curtail property speculation and promote the healthy development of the real estate industry in China. In January 2011, the General Office of State Council issued a Notice of the State Council on Issues Related to Further Enhancing the Regulation and Control of Real Estate Market (the “Notice”), which provided that the purchasers of a second residential property for their households must make down payments of no less than 60% of the purchase price and the interest rate of any mortgage for such property must equal at least the benchmark interest rate plus 10%. The Notice also requested the tax departments to take further measures on the supervision and inspection of the collection and administration of land appreciation tax, and request the local governments to increase the effective supply of low-income housing and ordinary commodity housing. The Notice also provided that in municipalities, the capital city of each province, and other cities where housing prices are too high, a local resident household having one residential household property, or a non-local resident household which is able to provide required certificates as to payment of income tax and social insurance contributions for a certain number of years, may only purchase one additional residential property; for a local resident household already having two or more residential property, or a non-local resident household that already has one or more residential properties or is unable to provide the requisite certificates, the purchase of any residential property in the local area is not permitted. The PRC government’s policies and regulatory measures on the PRC real estate sector could limit our access to required financing and other capital resources, adversely affect the property purchasers’ ability to obtain mortgage financing or significantly increase the cost of mortgage financing, reduce market demand for our properties and increase our operating costs. We cannot be certain that the PRC government will not issue additional and more stringent regulations or measures or that agencies and banks will not adopt restrictive measures or practices in response to PRC governmental policies and regulations, which could substantially reduce pre-sales of our properties and cash flow from operations and substantially increase our financing needs, which would in turn materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Interest Rate and Inflation Challenges. We are subject to market risks due to fluctuations in interest rates and refinancing of mid-term debt. Higher interest rates may also affect our revenues, gross profits and our ability to raise and service debt and to finance our developments.

According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, China’s national inflation rate was 2.6% in 2012, 2.6% in 2013 and 2.0% in 2014. Inflation could result in increases in the price of raw materials and labor costs.  We do not believe that inflation or deflation has affected our business materially.

Acquisitions of Land Use Rights and Associated Costs. We acquire land for development through the governmental auction process and by obtaining land use rights from third parties through negotiation, acquisition of entities, co-development or other joint venture arrangements.

Our ability to secure sufficient financing for land use rights acquisitions and property development depends on internal cash flows in addition to lenders’ perceptions of our credit reliability, market conditions in the capital markets, investors’ perception of our securities, the PRC economy and the PRC government regulations that affect the availability and cost of financing real estate companies or property purchasers.

Significant Accounting Policies 

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include percentage-of-completion of properties under construction and related revenue and costs recognized, allowance for doubtful accounts, recoverability of deferred tax assets, and the assessment of impairment of long-lived assets. The current economic environment has increased the degree of uncertainty inherent in those estimates and assumptions.

Reclassification

Certain amounts in the December 31, 2013 Consolidate Balance Sheets have been reclassified to conform to the December 31, 2014 presentation.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company applies the provisions of ASC Subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurements, for fair value measurements of financial assets and financial liabilities and for fair value measurements of nonfinancial items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements.  ASC Subtopic 820-10 also establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

ASC Subtopic 820-10 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

ASC Subtopic 820-10 establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC Subtopic 820-10 establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value.  The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

The level in the fair value hierarchy within which a fair value measurement in its entirety falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, none of the Company’s financial assets or liabilities was measured at fair value on a recurring basis.  The Company did not have any nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

Reporting Currency and Foreign Currency Translation

The functional currency of the Company, Kirin China, Kirin Development and Kirin Management is the United States dollar (“US$”). The functional currency of the Company’s VIEs and subsidiaries of VIEs in the PRC is Renminbi (“RMB”). The Company’s reporting currency is US$. The assets and liabilities of the Company’s VIEs and subsidiaries of VIEs in China are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet dates, stockholders’ equity is translated at the historical rates and the revenues and expenses are translated at the weighted average exchange rates for the periods. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income in accordance with ASC 220.

Revenue Recognition

Real estate sales are reported in accordance with the provisions of ASC 360-20, Property, Plant and Equipment, Real Estate Sales.

Revenue from the sales of completed properties and properties where the construction period is twelve months or less is recognized by the full accrual method when (a) sale is consummated; (b) the buyer’s initial and continuing involvements are adequate to demonstrate a commitment to pay for the property; (c) the receivable is not subject to future subordination; (d) the company has transferred to the buyer the usual risks and rewards of ownership in a transaction that is in substance a sale and does not have a substantial continuing involvement with the property.  A sale is not considered consummated until (a) the parties are bound by the terms of a contract or agreement, (b) all consideration has been exchanged, (c) any permanent financing of which the seller is responsible has been arranged, (d) all conditions precedent to closing have been performed. Fair value of buyer’s payments to be received in future periods pursuant to sales contract is classified under accounts receivable. Sales transactions not meeting all the conditions of the full accrual method are accounted for using the deposit method of accounting. Under the deposit method, all costs are capitalized as incurred, and payments received from the buyer are recorded as a deposit liability.

The Company adopts the percentage-of-completion method of accounting for revenue recognition for all building construction projects in progress in which the construction period was expected to be more than twelve months at that date.

Revenue and profit from the sale of development properties where the construction period is more than twelve months is recognized by the percentage-of-completion method on the sale of individual units when the following conditions are met: (a) construction is beyond a preliminary stage; (b) the buyer is committed to the extent of being unable to require a refund except for non-delivery of the unit; (c) sufficient units have already been sold to assure that the entire property will not revert to rental property; (d) sales prices are collectible and (e) aggregate sales proceeds and costs can be reasonably estimated.  If any of these criteria are not met, proceeds are accounted for as deposits until the criteria are met and/or the sale consummated.

Under the percentage of completion method, revenues from units sold and related costs are recognized over the course of the construction period, based on the completion progress of a project. In relation to any project, revenue is determined by calculating the ratio of completion and applying that ratio to the contracted sales amounts.  The Company uses a cost-to-cost method to measure the ratio of completion.  Qualified construction quality supervision firms are engaged by the Company, as required by relevant laws and regulations in the PRC, to determine that pieces of construction completed by contractors have met predetermined quality and safety standards, and are eligible to be counted towards costs. Cost of sales is recognized by multiplying the ratio by the total budgeted costs. Changes to total estimated contract costs or losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined. Revenue recognized to date in excess of amounts received from customers is classified under revenue in excess of billings. Amounts received from customers in excess of revenue recognized to date are classified under customer deposits.  Any losses incurred or identified on real estate transaction are recognized in the period in which the transaction occurs.

Except for the down payment, remaining contract price can be settled by several installments or financed by mortgage.  The Company requires customers to pay non-refundable cash down payment equivalent to no less than 20% of the contract price upon the execution of sale or pre-sale contracts prior to recognizing revenue under either full-accrual method or percentage-of-completion method.  The cash down payment collected from customers subordinates to no claims.  If buyer’s purchase is financed by mortgage the Company does not recognize revenue until the application for the mortgage loan has been filed and the Company reasonably believes the mortgage can be approved.  The Company provides guarantees for mortgage loans from financial institutions to customers (see “Restricted cash”).  Such guarantees expire when customers have obtained House Ownership Certificate of their purchased properties and the mortgage has been registered in favor of the financial institutions. Because guarantees of mortgage do not cover any portion of non-refundable cash down payment received by the Company from customers, the Company does not consider guarantees when determining recognizing revenues under either full-accrual method or percentage-of-completion method.

Real Estate Capitalization and Cost Allocation

Properties under development or completed consist of residential and commercial units under construction and units completed. Properties under development or completed are stated at cost or estimated net realizable value, whichever is lower. Costs include costs of land use rights, direct development costs, interest on indebtedness, construction overhead and indirect project costs. The Company acquires land use rights with lease terms ranging from 40 to 70 years through government-organized auctions, private sale transactions or capital contributions from shareholders. Land use rights are divided and transferred to customers after the Company delivers properties. The Company capitalizes payments for obtaining the land use rights, and allocates to specific units within a project based on units’ gross floor area. Costs of land use rights for the purpose of property development are not amortized. Other costs are allocated to units within a project based on the ratio of the sales value of units to the estimated total sales value.

Government Grant

Government grant related to real estate projects developed by the Company are recognized as other income  when the Company has complied with the conditions attached to the grant and the grant’s collection is reasonably assured.

In 2008, Xingtai Zhongding was entitled to a government grant of RMB 160,000,000 (approximately $22,981,000) related to Kirin County project to subsidize the modernization of the neighborhood where the real estate project situated, and control of property price volatility.  The Company believes the government’s demands associated with the grant are gradually fulfilled as the construction and pre-sale of Kirin County make progress, and accordingly recognizes grant income at the percentage of construction completed during the year of the total grant amount.  For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company did not recognize any grant income, respectively.  All government grant related to Kirin County has been recognized through 2009 to 2012 as the construction of Kirin County goes on during the years.   The local government has arranged a lump sum payment of the grant to Xingtai Jiye Business Investment Co., Ltd. (“Business Investment”), a related party of the Company, prior to the grant’s conditions being met out of financial consideration because it lacked managing staff and concerned that the funds would be re-assigned or invalidated without an immediate recipient.  Pursuant to the arrangement, Business Investment provides this grant money to Xingtai Zhongding in proportion to the percentage of the project completed as a measure to ensure that the project satisfies the grant’s guidelines.  The grant does not have refund conditions and the Company believes government will not revoke the grant or claw back cash remitted to the escrow account unless the construction and sale of Kirin County project is cancelled by the Company.  As of December 31, 2014, the Company didn’t receive any request from the government demanding revocation and/or partial refund of the grant previously given, and the Company expects no development relating to the Kirin County project will cause the government to request the grant’s refund in next twelve months.

Capitalization of Interest

In accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment, interest incurred during construction is capitalized to properties under development. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, $124,921 and $326,259 were capitalized as properties under development, respectively.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains majority of its bank accounts in the PRC. Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained with state-owned and commercial financial institutions within the PRC.  China does not have a deposit insurance system; however, the credit risk on bank balances are limited because the Company conducts transactions and deposits balances with several state-owned banks with high credit ratings assigned by international credit rating agencies.

Restricted Cash

There are two important timings for mortgage business of PRC banks: (1) Execution of mortgage agreement: PRC banks grant mortgage loans to home purchasers and will credit the full amount to the Company account once the bank and the purchaser enter into mortgage agreement, which generally will be before the completion of the construction of projects.  (2) Issuance of House Ownership Certificate to the purchasers. At the time of execution of mortgage agreement, there are no House Ownership Certificate therefore the purchaser has no legal right to the house and therefore they cannot mortgage the house to banks. Banks will ask the developer to provide guarantee to the loan instead. When the House Ownership Certificate is issued, banks will release the guarantee ability of the developer and mortgage the house in question.  If the condominiums are not completed and the new homebuyers have no House Ownership Certificate, to secure the loan, as a common practice in China, the banks will release only 95% loan to the Company and will require that the Company open a separate account with the bank and deposit and freeze the remaining 5% of the mortgage amount to further secure the bank’s interests before the mortgage of the house with House Ownership Certificate. Because bank requires the freeze of the 5% deposit, the amount therein shall be classified on the balance sheet as restricted cash. Interest earned on the restricted cash is credited to the Company’s normal bank account. The bank will release the restricted cash after homebuyers have obtained the House Ownership Certificate and mortgage the house to bank. Total restricted cash amounted to $6,785,042 and $8,362,905 as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. These deposits are not covered by insurance. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and management believes it is not exposed to any risks on its cash in bank accounts.

Short-term Investments

The classification of investment securities is based on the Company’s intent, which is re-evaluated at each balance sheet date, with respect to those securities. Short-term investments refer to the securities that the Company has positive intent and ability to hold to maturity and stated at amortized cost.

Long-term Investment

Investments in securities of private companies the Company does not have a controlling interest and is unable to exercise significant influence are accounted for using cost method of accounting. The Company evaluates at each period end whether an event or change in circumstances has occurred in that period that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the investments. If a decline in fair value is determined to be other than temporary, an impairment loss is recognized to reduce an investment’s cost to its fair value. The Company received $504,212 as dividend for the year ended December 31, 2014.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

Income Taxes

The Company follows ASC 740, Income Taxes, which require the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each period end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

Subsidiaries, VIEs and subsidiaries of VIEs of the Company located in China are governed by the Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China concerning the private-run enterprises, which are generally subject to tax at a new statutory rate of 25% on income reported in the statutory financial statements after appropriate tax adjustments.

According to the Income Tax Laws of the PRC for real estate developers, income tax of the Company is calculated by project. When all units of a project are sold, tax authorities will assess the tax due on the project and issue a tax due notification to the Company. The Company has to pay the tax by the due date on the notification. If the Company does not pay the tax by the due date, the tax authorities will charge the Company interest. The Company includes any interest and penalties in general and administrative expenses.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the financial statements at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes.

ASC 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and it prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attributable for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognizing, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transitions.

The Company recognizes that virtually all tax positions in the PRC are not free of some degree of uncertainty due to tax law and policy changes by the PRC government. However, the Company cannot reasonably quantify political risk factors and thus must depend on guidance issued by current PRC government officials.

Land Appreciation Tax (“LAT”)

In accordance with the relevant taxation laws in the PRC, the Company is subject to LAT based on progressive rates ranging from 30% to 60% on the appreciation of land value, which is calculated as the proceeds of sales of properties less deductible expenditures, including borrowings costs and all property development expenditures. LAT is prepaid at 1% to 2% of the pre-sales proceeds each year as required by the local tax authorities, and is settled generally after the construction of the real estate project is completed and majority of the units are sold.  The Company provides LAT as expensed when the related revenue is recognized based on estimate of the full amount of applicable LAT for the real estate projects in accordance with the requirements set forth in the relevant PRC laws and regulations. LAT was included in Income tax expense in the Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Accumulated other comprehensive income is defined to include all changes in equity except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. The Company’s only component of other comprehensive income (loss) during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 was the foreign currency translation adjustment.

Earnings per Share

The Company reports earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share. ASC 260 requires presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share in conjunction with the disclosure of the methodology used in computing such earnings per share. Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts, such as warrants and convertible preferred stock, were exercised or converted into common stock. Dilutive securities having an anti-dilutive effect on diluted earnings per share are excluded from the calculation.

Advertising Expenses 

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred, or the first time the advertising takes place, in accordance with ASC 720-35, Advertising Costs. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recorded an advertising expense of $2,368,338 and $3,426,229, respectively. 

Property Warranty

The Company provides customers with warranties which cover major defects of building structure and certain fittings and facilities of properties sold as stipulated in the relevant sales contracts. The warranty period varies from two to five years, depending on different property components the warranty covers.

The Company constantly estimates potential costs for materials and labor with regard to warranty-type claims expected to be incurred subsequent to the delivery of a property. Reserves are determined based on historical data and trends with respect to similar property types and geographical areas. The Company monitors the warranty reserve and makes adjustments to its pre-existing warranties, if any, in order to reflect changes in trends and historical data as information becomes available. The Company may seek further recourse against its contractors or any related third parties if it can be proved that the faults are caused by them. In addition, the Company withholds up to 5% of the contract total payment from contractors for periods of two to five years. These amounts are included in liabilities, and are only paid to the extent that there have been no warranty claims against the Company relating to the work performed or materials supplied by the contractors.  As at December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company retained $117,218 and $140,661 contract payment to contractors, and the Company didn’t experience any incidences where the withheld amounts were less than the amounts the Company had to pay for the defects of properties.  The Company didn’t provide any warranty reserve as prospective expenditure amount on property warranty by the Company is insignificant.  For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company didn’t incur incidental costs in addition to the amount retained from contractors.

Impairment Losses

Completed real estate properties and land lots are reported in the balance sheet at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Land to be developed or under development is assessed for impairment when management believes that events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. Based on this assessment, a property that is considered impaired is written down to its fair value less costs to sell. Impairment losses are recognized through a charge to expense. No impairment of completed real estate properties or land lots was recognized for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company adopted ASC 718 Stock Compensation.  Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period.  The fair value estimate is based on the share price and other pertinent factors.  The Company estimates forfeitures at the time of grant and to revise those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company used a mix of historical data and future assumptions to estimate pre-vesting forfeitures and to record stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The Company does not believe recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards from ASU 2014-01 to ASU 2015-03, if currently adopted, would have a material effect of the consolidated financial position, results of operation and cash flows.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013

Our net loss for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $0.8 million, an increase of $0.6 million, from net loss of $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Net loss increased for the following reasons: 1) the gross profit decrease by $8.9 million from $26.9 million in 2013 to $18.0 million in 2014, as the POC of No.79 Courtyard and Kirin Bay progressed less in 2014 than in 2013; 2) the operation expenses decreased by $4.3 million from $15.8 million in 2013 to $11.5 million in 2014; 3) the interest expense (net) decreased by $3.0 million from $7.7 million in 2013 to $4.7 million in 2014; 4) for the year ended December 31, 2014, the investment income increased by $0.3 million and income tax expense decreased by $0.7 million as compared with the year ended December 31, 2013 .

A project’s revenue and cost estimates are of inherent nature of uncertainty throughout its multiple-year development period.  Factors that potentially affect a project’s total revenue and cost estimates (including a salable unit’s allocated cost), include, but are not limited to: (1) changes in government’s land-use planning, building density, plot ratio and other quotas; which lead to changes of total gross floor area available for sale and per-unit cost estimate; (2) the Company’s voluntary modification of design to enhance attractiveness and competiveness of an on-going project; (3) fluctuation of commodity prices and government-regulated labor cost rates; (4) contractors’ request to renegotiate consideration of fixed-price agreements, for which the Company’s preference of complete the discussion early to avoid unfavorable impact on construction progress; (5) unforeseeable geological and engineering difficulties causing modifications of a project’s construction plan; (6) government agencies’ compliance inspections in the late stage of the construction, which may lead to modification of design; (7) major prospective property buyers’ request to alter specifications of the property to be delivered; and (8) contractors’ claims throughout the construction period.

The Company enters into non-cancellable, fixed-price pre-sale contracts with homebuyers.  Under certain circumstances, for example, changes in floor size or floor plan of a property due to legal compliance requirements, or change of deliverable standards upon request of major customers, we may agree to revise the pre-sale contract price to match conditions of the properties to be delivered to customers.  Furthermore, the Company is subject to a penalty payable to homebuyers in the event the property is delivered later than the date specified in the pre-sale contracts, and usually such penalty constitutes only an insignificant amount compared to the contract value.  These adjustments to contract price are recorded as reduction of revenue in the current period on a cumulative catch-up basis.

With regard to a project’s cost estimate, the Company’s in-house cost estimating staffs, work in collaboration with a committee also comprising the Company’s engineers, project managers, financial professionals, and senior management staff, prepare at least two versions of cost estimate.  The first version is Preliminary Cost Estimate, prepared in schematic design stage, which is before commencement of excavation and recognition of revenue.  Preliminary Cost Estimate utilizes top-down approach. It projects major cost components at higher level using a project’s planned parameters (e.g., building density, by-category gross floor area) and standard per-unit cost from past experience (e.g., concrete cost, measured at US$ per square meter).  Preliminary Cost Estimate is intrinsically less accurate; it heavily relies on the Company’s historical information accumulated in the development of similar types of construction in similar municipal region.  The second version is Detailed Cost Estimate, prepared after receiving construction documents from the architect.  Ideally Detailed Cost Estimate can be available before commencement of excavation and recognition of revenue; however, in order to suit the pre-sale progress and to maximize flexibility, construction documents are provided in several batches as the construction processes.  It is likely that a project’s Detailed Cost Estimate is finalized only in late stage of the construction.  Detailed Cost Estimate utilizes bottom-up approach.  Based on construction documents and assisted by the Company’s computerized Building Information Modeling system, Detailed Cost Estimate is able to sum up cost at element level of a real estate property, taking into consideration of quantitate consumption and on-going rate of materials, labor, machinery and overheads. For the purpose of preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements; a project’s cost estimate is reviewed by in-house cost estimators at each year-end and adjusted for material developments in the interval.  Changes in estimates of a project’s revenue and cost of sales are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis, which recognizes in the current period the cumulative effect of the changes on current and prior periods based on a project’s percentage of completion. When a project’s total cost estimate to be incurred exceeds total estimated revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the project is recorded in the period the loss is determined. In addition to our existing monthly detailed cost estimate upon receiving construction data from the architects, we have hired additional competent professionals to ensure early identification of variances from prior estimated project revenue and cost, to reduce the likelihood of significant changes to the estimates.

Revenues and Gross Profit 

Revenue from Real Estate, net.  Real estate sales represent revenue from the pre-sale of properties under development. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, revenue was derived from the pre-sale of No.79 Courtyard (Phase I), No.79 Courtyard (Phase II), No.79 Courtyard (Phase III), No.79 Courtyard (Phase IV), Kirin Bay (Phase I), Kirin Bay (Phase II), Kirin Bay (Phase III), Kirin Bay (Phase IV), and Kirin County (including adjacent shopping arcade). Under the percentage-of-completion method, revenue is the percentage of completed construction at a point in time is multiplied by total value of contracts signed up to that same point.

Our revenue from the pre-sale of real estate properties for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $118.5 million, a decrease of $59.8 million, or approximately 33.5%, compared to $178.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013.  This decrease was mainly due to the following reason: The progress of construction of No.79 Courtyard and Kirin Bay in 2014 is less than the progress of construction of No.79 Courtyard and Kirin Bay in 2013. 1) The construction of NO. 79 Courtyard suspended for nearly 3 months in the first quarter of 2014. As announced by Housing and Construction Department of Hebei Province in September 2013, 15 Rules of Construction Dust Control Regulation (‘Construction Dust Control Regulation’) is applied for construction industry since October 1, 2013 in Hebei Province of People’s Republic of China. According to the Construction Dust Control Regulation, all construction sites in urban area must be closed when the weather condition is not favorable as a result of the construction dust, which mostly happens in winter. No. 79 Courtyard is located in urban area of Xingtai City, Hebei province, besides the impact of Chinese New Year holidays in the first quarter of 2014, as a result of the Construction Dust Control Regulation, No. 79 Courtyard was not permitted by local government to return to work until March 25, 2014, thus no progress of the POC for No. 79 Courtyard (Phase I, Phase II, Phase III) in the first quarter of 2014. 2) As a result of slowdown of macroeconomic environment of real estate in tier-three cities.

The Percentage of Completion (“POC”) of No.79 Courtyard Phase I, Phase II, Phase III and Phase IV(started in 2014) for the year ended December 31, 2014 increase 1%, 29%, 33%, 45%, respectively, the POC of No.79 Courtyard Phase I, Phase II and Phase III for the year ended December 31, 2013 increase 30%, 59%, 54%, respectively; the POC of Kirin Bay Phase I, Phase II, Phase III and Phase IV (started in 2014) for the year ended December 31, 2014 increase13%, 27%, 20%, 23%, respectively, the POC of Kirin Bay Phase I, Phase II and Phase III for the year ended December 31, 2013 increase 29%, 62%, 36%, respectively.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, Hebei Zhongding Property Service Co., Ltd. began to provide property service to Kirin County and No. 79 Courtyard and recognized revenue with $0.7 million.

The following table shows the percentage-of-completion of each project as at comparable period end:

Kirin Bay is a three-phase, master-planned community built on a land area of approximately 660,000 square meters. Positioned as a mid-market residential development, Kirin Bay also features kindergarten, a primary school, hotel, office buildings and apartments.  As of the Report, we have obtained necessary government approvals. For Kirin Bay (Phase I), we acquired Land Use Rights Certificates (issued on July 7, 2011), Construction Land Planning Permit (issued on June 9, 2011), Construction Work Planning Permit (issued on August 10, 2011), Work Commencement Permit (issued on September 29, 2011) and Pre-Sales Permit (issued on September 30, 2011); for Kirin Bay (Phase II), we acquired Construction Land Planning Permit (issued on June 9, 2011), Construction Work Planning Permit (issued on July 31, 2012), Work Commencement Permit (issued On November 22, 2012) and Pre-Sales Permit (issued on March 26, 2013); for Kirin Bay (Phase III), we obtained Construction Land Planning Permit (issued On June 9, 2011), Construction Work Planning Permit (issued on January 15, 2013), Work Commencement Permit (issued on  March 26, 2013) and Pre-sales Permit (issued on September 18, 2013); and for Kirin Bay (Phase IV), we obtained Construction Land Planning Permit (issued On June 9, 2011), Construction Work Planning Permit (issued on January 15, 2013), Work Commencement permit (issued on April 9, 2014) and Pre-sales Permit (issued on May 27, 2014).

No. 79 Courtyard is a project positioned as a high-end residential development with some mixed commercial use, which covers a land area of over 290,000 square meters and a total building area of approximately 520,000 square meters. As of the Report, we have obtained necessary government approvals. For No. 79 Courtyard (Phase I) we acquired Land Use Rights Certificate (issued on November 9, 2010), Construction Land Planning Permit (issued on January 14, 2011), Construction Work Planning Permit (issued on September 1, 2011), Work Commencement Permit (issued on November 2, 2011) and Pre-Sales Permit (issued on November 2, 2011); for No.79 Courtyard (Phase II), we acquired Construction Land Planning Permit (issued on January 14, 2011), Construction Work Planning Permit (issued on July 20, 2012), Work Commencement Permit (issued on September 1, 2012) and Pre-Sales Permit (issued on September 27, 2012); for No.79 Courtyard (Phase III), Construction Land Planning Permit (issued on January 14, 2011), Construction Work Planning Permit (issued on January 16, 2013), Work Commencement Permit (issued on April 3, 2013) and Pre-sales Permit (issued on August 12, 2013); for No.79 Courtyard (Phase IV), Construction Land Planning Permit (issued on January 14, 2011), Construction Work Planning Permit (issued on December 12, 2013), Work Commencement Permit (issued on July 1, 2014) and Pre-sales Permit (issued on September 29, 2014).

We bought the land use right of No. 79 Courtyard in 2007 and incurred land use right acquisition cost from year 2008 to 2011. We also started the land cleanup preparation work such as the demolishment and relocation in 2010 and early 2011, which resulted relevant cost as well. We also incurred cost related to the planning of the project as well as government levied tax and fees prior to the fourth quarter of 2011.

We have obtained necessary government approvals, including Land Use Rights Certificates, Construction Land Planning Permits, Construction Work Planning Permits, Work Commencement Permits and Pre-Sales Permits, for our No. 79 Courtyard (Phase I, Phase II, Phase III and Phase IV) and Kirin Bay (Phase I, Phase II, Phase III and Phase IV). We commenced the construction of Kirin County’s shopping arcade, which was designed to complement Kirin County Project, and provide convenience to the residents of Kirin County.  However, due to the zoning plan by the local authority, we have not obtained the Construction Land Planning Permits so far, and therefore, the construction shopping arcade part of Kirin County, has been suspended temporarily from January 2012. We have communicated with the competent authority and received a notice called “Xingtai City Administrative Notice of Punishment” from the competent authority. According to the Notice, the government will issue the necessary approvals and permits for the shopping arcade in the near future, and we expect to receive the related permits in 2015. Our current design of the shopping arcade, including but not limited to, salable gross floor area, is not disputed by local government agencies.

The following table summarizes the key pre-sale information of our projects (in thousands dollars):

Cost of Real Estate Sales.  Cost of real estate sales consist of land use rights costs, construction and installation costs.  Our costs of real estate sales for the year ended December 31, 2014 were $100.5 million, a decrease of $50.9 million, or approximately 33.6%, compared to $151.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Our total cost of real estate sales decreased in relation to the decrease of revenue. As under the percentage of completion method, revenue from units sold and related costs are recognized over the course of the construction period, based on the completion progress of a project.   

Gross Profit.  Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $18.0 million (gross profit ratio: 15.2%), decreased by $8.9 million as compared to gross profit of $26.9 million (gross profit ratio: 15.1%) for the year ended December 31, 2013.  

The Company expected that Kirin County project, Kirin Bay project and No.79 Courtyard project will have positive gross margins which are in line with the common margin rates as the similar projects in similar market.  However, when considering the market adaption capability, marketing plan and construction ability, these projects may be split into several phases to develop. And the actual gross profit percentages may vary between different phases of the same project. For example, in the first quarter of 2014, the Company had sold more commercial units of Kirin Bay (Phase I), which inherently had higher profit margin than that of residential units of Kirin Bay, and thus resulted in higher profit margin earned in the first quarter of 2014 than other quarters of 2014.   Sometimes, for the reasons of positioning of the whole project, marketing and promotion purposes, a single phase may bear a low or even negative gross profit as indicated in No. 79 Courtyard Phase I during the year 2014. Management believes that this is temporary and will stimulate potential sales of the other phases of the projects and Company’s other real estate projects as well. The gross margin percentage, from the whole project perspective, will eventually be positive and consistent with other comparable projects in similar market.

The following tables set forth the aggregate Gross Floor Area (GFA) and the percentage-of-completion (POC) and Contract sold by project for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013: 

The following tables set forth the consolidated square meters sold and average selling price per square meter by each project for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013: 

Operating Expenses.  Operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2014 were $11.5 million, a decrease of $4.3 million, or 27.2%, from $15.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Corresponding to sales in No.79 Courtyard (Phase I, Phase II, Phase III and Phase IV), Kirin Bay (Phase I, Phase II, Phase III and Phase IV) and Kirin County projects, our overall operating expenses in advertising, staff salaries, and Professional and related fees decreased substantially in the year of 2014 compared with the year of 2013.

Interest Expense, Net.  Our net interest expense was $4.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, a decrease of $3.0 million, or 39.4%, from $7.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease was due to the Company recognize interest income from loans to related parties, which was  $5.4 million in 2014, increased by $4.3 million as compared to $1.0 million interest income in 2013

Income Taxes.  Income taxes expense for the year ended December 31, 2014 totaled $3.1 million, a decrease of $0.7 million or 17.4% from income taxes expense of $3.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. 

Net Loss.  Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $0.8 million compared to net loss of $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, a decrease of $0.6 million or 265.4%. 

Liquidity  and Capital Resources

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the years indicated:

We had a balance of cash and cash equivalents of $22.0 million as of December 31, 2014 compared with a balance of $23.4 million as of December 31, 2013. We have historically funded our working capital needs through advance payments from customers, bank borrowings and capital from stockholders. Our working capital requirements are influenced by the state and level of our operations, and the timing of capital needed for projects.

Operating Activities. Net cash inflow from operating activities was $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to net cash inflow from operating activities of $17.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, a decrease of $14.5 million. The decrease in net cash inflows from operating activities was primarily contributed by the following factors:

Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $7.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to net cash of $37.7 million used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2013, represented a decrease of $30.4 million.  The decrease was mainly due to a $12.1 million short-term loan paid to related party in December 2013 and received from related party in January 2014.

Financing Activities. Net cash inflows from financing activities was $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, compared to $19.2 million cash inflows for the year ended December 31, 2013, a decrease of cash inflows of $15.8 million. This was mainly due to repayment of financial institution loan of $45.7 million and $12.6 million for the year of 2014 and 2013 respectively, meanwhile, we received financial institution loan of $49.1million and $30.7 million for the year of 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Contractual Obligations

Long-term debt obligations, costs of land use rights and non-cancellable construction contract obligations for the year ended of December 31, 2014. 

Customers’ down payments and installments provide a significant portion of our cash inflows.  We may also acquire additional cash by raising funds through new borrowings, refinancing of existing borrowings, public or private sales of equity securities, or a combination of one or more of the above; however, there can be no absolute assurance that our internally generated cash flows and external financing will be sufficient to meet our contractual and financing obligations in a timely manner.

As of December 31, 2014, we entered into non-cancellable agreements with several suppliers for our on-going business of constructing residential and commercial properties. The total amount we committed to pay contractors as outlined in these non-cancellable construction agreements aggregates approximately $142.3 million.

Material Financial Obligations

Loans Payable 

As of December 31, 2014, summarized loans payable information is as follows:

Note (a): These loans were repaid in full when they become mature subsequent to balance sheet date.

ICBC 2012 Loans, ICBC 2013 Loans and Syndicated Loans 2012 are floating rate loans whose rates are set at 10% above 1-to-3 year base borrowing rate stipulated by the People’s Bank of China at the date of each drawdown, and are subject to revision every 12 months.  The Company also paid financing service fees for ICBC 2012 Loans, ICBC 2013 Loans, Syndicated Loans 2012 and Syndicated Loans 2014.  The financing service fees were paid prior to financial institution releasing loans to the Company as prepaid interest, and have been included in the determination of respective loans’ effective interest rates. Credit Union 2014 Short-term Loan was guaranteed by an unrelated company as arranged by the financial institution.  The Company did not pay for the guarantee.

As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, Zhongding Kirin 2014 Loan, Garden 2014 Loan, ICBC 2012 Loans, ICBC 2013 Loans, Short term 2014 Loan and Syndicated Loans 2014 were secured by the Company’s real estate held for development with carrying value of approximately $144,640,000 and $134,340,000, respectively.

On November 14, 2014, the Company entered into a series of entrust loan agreements with Xingtai Rural Commercial bank and individuals with amount RMB 11,810,000 (approximately $1,919,000, “Entrust Loan 2014”), and borne an annual effective interest rate of 15%, including loan of RMB 1,100,000 due to managements of the Company, with the remaining balance due to third party individuals.

Related Party Transactions and Balances 

(1)  Loan to related parties

As of December 31, 2014, the outstanding balance of the loan was $38,180,766 (RMB 197,890,000 for original loan and RMB 37,055,342 for interest income) with HuaxiaHuifeng Ventures Capital Management (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (“HuaxiaHuifeng”), a related company ultimately controlled by Jianfeng Guo, Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors, and the controlling stockholder of the Company. On October 15, 2013, the Company signed a loan agreement with HuaxiaHuifeng in amount of $27,627,000 (RMB 170,000,000) which bears 18% interest rate and has a term of one year. On October 14, 2014, the Company signed a supplemental agreement with HuaxiaHuifeng, both parties agree to extend the term of loan to October 14, 2015. On February 11, 2015, the Company received $13,795,000 (RMB 84,890,000) from Huaxia Huifeng. The remaining loan balance $4,532,378 (RMB 27,890,000) with HuaxiaHuifeng is interest free and has no definite repayment terms. 

In August 2014, the Company entered into a loan agreement with Zhuolu Huada Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. (“Huada Real Estate”), a related company ultimately controlled by Jianfeng Guo, Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors, and the controlling stockholder of the Company. According to the agreement, the Company made a loan to Huada Real Estate for RMB 29,750,000 ($4,834,647), at 20% interest rate and has a term of one year, as of December 31, 2014, the outstanding balance of the loan was $5,224,068 (RMB 29,750,000 for original loan and RMB 2,396,304 for interest income).

In October 2014, the Company entered into a loan agreement with Zhenjiang Huaxia Kirin Real Estate Co., Ltd (“Zhenjiang Huaxia Kirin), a related company ultimately controlled by Jianfeng Guo, Chairman of the Kirin’s Board of Directors, and the controlling stockholder of Kirin. According to the agreement, Kirin made a loan to Zhenjiang Huaxia Kirin for RMB 30,000,000 ($4,875,274), at 7.92% interest rate and has a term of three years, as of December 31, 2014, the outstanding balance of the loan was $4,948,267 (RMB 30,000,000 for original loan and RMB 73,000 for interest income)

As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the total balance of loan to related parties was $48,353,101 and $33,204,995, respectively.

(2)  Government grant escrowed by Business Investment (Receivable from a Trust Equity Owner)

In 2008, Xingtai Zhongding, was entitled to a government grant associated with its development of Kirin County project of RMB160, 000,000 ($22,981,000, translated at historical exchange rate).  Cash representing the grant has been remitted to Business Investment, a trust equity owner of Xingtai Zhongding in June 2008.  Business Investment originally acquired the land use rights of Kirin County project, and contributed the land use rights to Xingtai Zhongding as paid-in capital to develop the project.  Based on the arrangement between Business Investment and Xingtai Zhongding, which has been sanctioned by local government, the benefit of the government grant is to be transferred from Business Investment to Xingtai Zhongding.  Specifically, Business Investment acts as an escrow agent but also is nominally responsible for Xingtai Zhongding’s progress. Earned portions of the government grant become available to Xingtai Zhongding based on percentage of completion.

For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009, XingtaiZhongding was entitled to receive RMB2,800,000, RMB43,000,000, RMB63,000,000, and RMB51,200,000, respectively ($443,049, $6,642,455, $9,293,749, and $7,484,417, respectively, translated at respective years’ historical rates) earned government grant from Business Investment, representing total amount of the government grant. The Company has the right to determine how to utilize the earned government grant. As at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, accumulated earned government grant of RMB160,000,000 and RMB160,000,000 ($26,001,463 and $26,169,447) was used to repay working capital provided by Jianfeng Guo for the support of other real estate projects’ development. As at December 31, 2014, the Company had a remaining $5,415,488 earned government grant available for future drawdown after repaid working capital provided by Jianfeng Guo, which is included in “Receivable from a trust equity owner” in consolidated balance sheet.

(3) Working capital provided by Jianfeng Guo

Jianfeng Guo, the controlling stockholder of the Company, through various affiliate companies and individuals, provides working capital to the VIEs (hereafter, including subsidiaries of VIEs) of the Company.  In addition to repaying borrowings directly, the Company’s VIEs may also provide working capital to affiliate companies and individuals as designated by Jianfeng Guo.  Balances received or provided by the Company’s VIEs are unsecured, interest-free and did not have specific repayment dates.

At each balance sheet date, affiliate companies and individuals who have working capital transactions with the Company’s VIEs assigned their balances to Jianfeng Guo pursuant to the pre-existing arrangements, as recited by multi-party agreements entered into between Jianfeng Guo, related affiliate companies and individuals, and the Company’s VIEs. XingtaiZhongding also chooses to use its accumulated government grant receivable from Business Investment, to repay working capital provided by Jianfeng Guo.  Accordingly, the Company is entitled to present netted balance with Jianfeng Guo on its consolidated balance sheets.

Gross amount of working capital provided by and to affiliate companies and individuals designated by Jianfeng Guo as at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were as follows:

(4) Short term Loans to related parties

As of December 31, 2013, the ending balance of short-term loans to related parties was $12,250,572 (RMB 74,900,000), these were advances to five related companies on December 31, 2013 and paid back on January 2, 2014. All the five related companies are ultimately controlled by Jianfeng Guo, Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors, and the controlling stockholder of the Company.

On December 30, 2013, Hebei Zhongding entered into loan agreements with Beijing Cathay Kirin Investment Development Company, Beijing Cathay Kirin Assets Management Company and Beijing Kirin Zhitong Network Company, each loan agreement amounts to RMB 10,000,000. On December 30, 2013, Business Service entered into loan agreements with Beijing Cathay Kirin Hospitality Management Company, and Cathay Brother (Beijing) Investment Management Company, each loan agreement amounts to RMB 24,900,000 and RMB 20,000,000, respectively. The loan had been paid-off on January 2, 2014.

(5) Prepayment to related party

Please see Note 8 – Prepayments in Financial Statements. 

(6) Loan from Related party

Please see Note 17 Entrusted loan 2014 in Financial Statements.

(7) Balances with a related party supplier

Please see Note 9 – Other receivable and Note 13 – Other Payable and Accrued liabilities in Financial Statements.

(8) Service fee

For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company recorded service fee with an amount of RMB4,800,000 (approximately $781,000) and RMB4,800,000 (approximately $774,000) respectively, for the service received from affiliate companies designated by Jianfeng Guo.

Relocation Program of Kong Village

Local government did not have enough funds to pay for the relocation and new accommodations of Kong Village’s residents prior to the sale of the village’s land-use right. The Company funded the local government by building new complexes and compensating and accommodating the villagers for and during the relocation. The government will repay our costs (a form of financing provided to government) when it sells the land use rights on which the previous villagers were removed. In exchange for such financing, the Company is assured the vacated land use right in public auction (we will be refunded according to the sale price of the land so the bidding process is noncompetitive). We will construct 1,818 units for Kong Village, or about 280,000 square meters in housing. We will get repaid as the parcels of land use rights are sold. We will attend to all the auction and bidding process to acquire the vacated land.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off balance sheet arrangements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

FASB issued several ASUs during the year, which are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

We are not required to provide the information required by this Item because we are a smaller reporting company.

Reference is made to the financial statements, listed in Item 15, which appear at pages F-1 through F-29 of this Report and which are incorporated herein by reference.

None.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), the Company carried out an evaluation, with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) (the Company’s principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) (the Company’s principal financial and accounting officer), of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, due to the material weaknesses identified below, the Company’s CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company.  Our internal control system was designed to, in general, provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and board regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements, but because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014.  The framework used by management in making that assessment was the criteria set forth in the document entitled “Internal Control – Integrated Framework (1992)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  Based on that assessment, our management has determined that as of December 31, 2014, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective for the purposes for which it is intended.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management's report was not subject to attestation by the Company's registered public accounting firm as we are a smaller reporting company and not required to provide the report.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. For the material weakness described below, management concluded that our internal controls over financial reporting were not effective as of December 31, 2014.

The Company is still determining what steps it will take to remedy these material weaknesses.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

None. 

PART III

Our directors, executive officers and key employees are listed below.  The number of directors is determined by our Board of Directors.  All directors hold office until the next annual meeting of the Board or until their successors have been duly elected and qualified.  Officers are elected by the Board of Directors and their terms of office are, except to the extent governed by employment contract, at the discretion of the Board of Directors.

Directors and Executive Officers

Jianfeng Guo, Chairman of the Board of Directors

Mr. Guo has been the Chairman of XingtaiZhongding and HebeiZhongding since August 2008 and April 2006, respectively. He also serves as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Huaxia Kirin (Beijing) Investment Co., Ltd. since December 2004, an investment company headquartered in Beijing focusing on real estate development, land development and property service investment. Mr. Guo served as the Chairman of Board of Directors and General Manager of XingtaiSanchao Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., a real estate development company in Xingtai City and the previous shareholder of HebeiZhongding, from December 1995 to April 2006. He also worked as Director of Department II of Xingtai Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., a real estate development company in Xingtai City, from October 1994 to December 1995. Mr. Guo has more than twenty years of experience in senior management, enterprise investment, and real estate development operations. Mr. Guo is an MBA candidate at Asia International Open University (Macau).

Longlin Hu, President and Chief Executive Officer, Director

Mr. Hu currently serves as the Director and General Manager of Huaxia Kirin (Beijing) Investment Co., Ltd. since May 2010 and previously served as an independent director and strategic consultant to Huaxia Kirin from March 2008 to May 2010. Mr. Hu was the Director and Vice General Manager of Beijing Mainstreets Investment Group Corporation, a real estate development and investment company listed on the Shenzheng Stock Exchange in the PRC, from April 2005 to September 2010. Mr. Hu was the assistant Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of Neo-China Land Group (Holdings) Limited, a real estate development company listed on the Hong Kong Exchange, from October 2003 to December 2004. Prior to joining the Neo-China Land Group, Mr. Hu was the senior project manager at the Investment Banking Headquarter of Haitong Securities Co., Ltd., one of the major investment banks in China, from May 2000 to October 2003. He holds Bachelor and Master Degrees in Economics of Renmin University of China. Mr. Hu is also qualified as a Fellow of Life Management Institute.

Xin Zheng (Cindy), Chief Financial Officer

Ms. Zheng joined the Company in December 2009. Since September 2010, she has been employed in the Company’s finance department where she has had oversight of the Company’s accounting and financing matters. Prior to that, Ms. Zheng was employed as Marketing Director for both XingtaiZhongdingJiye Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. and HebeiZhongding Real Estate Development Co., Ltd, which through certain contractual arrangements, the Company controls. As Marketing Director, Ms. Zheng’s responsibilities included oversight of the Company’s marketing efforts. From May 2006 to December 2009, Ms. Zheng was employed in the Lighting Division of Philips, a Netherlands based fortune 500 company. Philips has generated approximately $9 billion dollars in revenue in China, where she was responsible for budgeting and financial planning for the northern China operations of Philip’s lighting division. From April 2004 to May 2006, Ms. Zheng was employed by Mercer Consulting in China where she engaged in management consulting and financial modeling for a variety of companies, including state and privately owned business. Ms. Zheng graduated from University of Bradford in the United Kingdom in February 2004 with a Master Degree in Finance Management.

Director Qualifications

Below is a summary of the qualifications, attributes, skills and experience of each of our directors that led us to the conclusion that such director should serve as a director of our Company, in light of our business and structure.

Mr. Jianfeng Guo

Mr. Longlin Hu

Term of Office

Our directors are appointed for a one-year term to hold office until the next annual general meeting of our shareholders or until removed from office in accordance with our bylaws. Our officers are appointed by our board of directors and hold office until removed by the board.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships between any of our directors or executive officers and any other directors or executive officers.

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers has, during the past ten years:

Except as set forth in our discussion below in “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions,” none of our directors or executive officers has been involved in any transactions with us or any of our directors, executive officers, affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Commission.

Code of Ethics

Due to the limited number of persons involved in the management of the Company, we have not adopted a code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions.

Corporate Governance

The business and affairs of the company are managed under the direction of our board. In addition to the contact information in this annual report, each stockholder will be given specific information on how he/she can direct communications to the officers and directors of the corporation at our annual stockholders meetings. All communications from stockholders are relayed to the members of the board of directors.

Board Committees

We have not formed an Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, or Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee as of this Report. Our Board of Directors performs the principal functions of an Audit Committee.  We currently do not have an audit committee financial expert serving on our Board of Directors.

Role in Risk Oversight

Our board of directors is primarily responsible for overseeing our risk management processes. The board of directors receives and reviews periodic reports from management, auditors, legal counsel, and others, as considered appropriate regarding our company’s assessment of risks. The board of directors focuses on the most significant risks facing our company and our company’s general risk management strategy, and also ensures that risks undertaken by our company are consistent with the board’s appetite for risk. While the board oversees our company’s risk management, management is responsible for day-to-day risk management processes. We believe this division of responsibilities is the most effective approach for addressing the risks facing our company and that our board leadership structure supports this approach.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

The Company does not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act and therefore its directors, executive officers, and any persons holding more than ten percent of the Company’s common stock are not required to comply with Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information regarding each element of compensation that we paid or awarded to our executive officers for fiscal 2014 and 2013.

Employment Agreements

We currently do not have employment agreement with any of our directors and executive officers.

Option Grants

We had no outstanding equity awards as of the end of fiscal 2014.

Option Exercises and Fiscal Year-End Option Value Table

There were no stock options exercised during fiscal 2014 by the executive officers.

Long-Term Incentive Plans and Awards

There were no awards made to a named executive officer in fiscal 2014 under any long-term incentive plan.

Employment Contracts, Termination of Employment, Change-in-Control Arrangements

We have no other employment agreements with any of our executive officers.

Directors’ Compensation

Directors are permitted to receive fixed fees and other compensation for their services as directors. The Board of Directors has the authority to fix the compensation of directors.

On March 1, 2011, Mr. Jianfeng Guo was appointed as a member of the Board of Directors in connection with our reverse acquisition of Kirin China. In fiscal 2014, Kirin paid a salary of $150,000 to Mr. Guo as a director. In fiscal 2015, we will pay a salary of $150,000 to Mr. Guo as a director. Mr. Longlin Hu has not received compensation for serving as a director of the Company.

The following table sets forth certain information regarding our shares of common stock beneficially owned as of March 19, 2014, for (i) each stockholder known to be the beneficial owner of 5% or more of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock, (ii) each named executive officer and director, and (iii) all executive officers and directors as a group. A person is considered to beneficially own any shares: (i) over which such person, directly or indirectly, exercises sole or shared voting or investment power, or (ii) of which such person has the right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time within 60 days through an exercise of stock options or warrants. Unless otherwise indicated, voting and investment power relating to the shares shown in the table for our directors and executive officers is exercised solely by the beneficial owner or shared by the owner and the owner’s spouse or children.

For purposes of this table, a person or group of persons is deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of any shares of common stock that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days of March 19, 2014. For purposes of computing the percentage of outstanding shares of our common stock held by each person or group of persons named above, any shares that such person or persons has the right to acquire within 60 days of March 19, 2014 is deemed to be outstanding, but is not deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. The inclusion herein of any shares listed as beneficially owned does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership.

Unless otherwise specified, the address of each of the persons set forth below is in care of the Company, at the address of: Room 1506, South Building of China Overseas Plaza, No. 8 Guanghua Dongli Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020.

(1) Ms. Mu owns all of the capital stock of Solid Wise, which owns 1,746,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Mr. Mu may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the shares of our common stock held by Solid Wise. 

(2) Ms. Guo owns all of the capital stock of Prolific Lion, which owns 13,975,348 shares of the Company’s common stock. Mr. Guo may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the shares of our common stock held by Prolific Lion. 

(3) Ms. Hu owns all of the capital stock of Valiant Power, which owns 1,746,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Mr. Hu may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the shares of our common stock held by Valiant Power. 

Transactions with Related Persons 

In Item7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation, there is a summary of Related Party Transactions and Balances since the beginning of fiscal 2014, or any currently proposed transaction, in which we were or are to be a participant and the amount involved exceeded or exceeds $120,000 and in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest (other than compensation described in Item 11 of this Report). We believe the terms obtained or consideration that we paid or received, as applicable, in connection with the transactions described below were comparable to terms available or the amounts that would be paid or received, as applicable, in arm’s-length transactions.

Director Independence

Because our common stock is not currently listed on a national securities exchange, we have used the definition of “independence” of The NASDAQ Stock Market to make this determination. NASDAQ Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) provides that an “independent director” is a person other than an officer or employee of the Company or any other individual having a relationship which, in the opinion of the Company’s Board of Directors, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. The NASDAQ listing rules provide that a director cannot be considered independent if:

Mr. Guo is not considered independent because he received compensation from Kirin China for $150,000 in fiscal 2014. Mr. Hu is not considered independent because he is an executive officer of the Company. Mr. Liu is considered independent in light of the NASDAQ Listing Rule 5605(a) (2) and the standards established by the Commission.

We have not formed an Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, or Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.

Audit Fees

For the Company’s years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we were billed approximately $180,000 and $162,500, respectively, for professional services rendered for the audit and reviews of our financial statements.

Audit Related Fees

The Company did not incur any audit related fees, other than the fees discussed in Audit Fees, above, for services related to our audit for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

Tax Fees

For the Company’s years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, we were billed approximately $7,000 and $5,750, respectively, for professional services rendered for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning.

All Other Fees

The Company did not incur any other fees related to services rendered by our principal accountant for the   years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013.

Pre-Approval of Services

We do not have an audit committee. As a result, our Board of Directors performs the duties of an audit committee. Our Board of Directors evaluates and approves in advance the scope and cost of the engagement of an auditor before the auditor renders the audit and non-audit services. We do not rely on pre-approval policies and procedures.

PART IV

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:

The audited consolidated balance  sheets  of the Company as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) , changes in stockholders’ equityand cash flows for the years then ended, the footnotes thereto, and the report of Marcum Bernstein & Pinchuk LLP, independent auditors, are filed herewith.

None.

Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are either not applicable or the required information is included in the financial statements or notes hereto.

The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Report.

(b) The following are exhibits to this Report and, if incorporated by reference, we have indicated the document previously filed with the SEC in which the exhibit was included.

Certain of the agreements filed as exhibits to this Report contain representations and warranties by the parties to the agreements that have been made solely for the benefit of the parties to the agreement. These representations and warranties:

Accordingly, these representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date that these representations and warranties were made or at any other time. Investors should not rely on them as statements of fact.

In accordance with SEC Release 33-8238, Exhibit 32.2 is being furnished and not filed.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Supplemental Information to be Furnished With Reports Filed Pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act by

Registrants Which Have Not Registered Securities Pursuant to Section 12 of the Act